{{fixscots|date=Mairch 2021}}

[[Image:Valuga Beach.png|right|thumb]]
A '''Chingle''' (kent as a '''claddach''' an aw) is a strand kivered wi stanes. Mebbes ane o the best kent chingles is "shingle beach" at Cuckmere Haven.

{{chembox
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 477003658
| ImageFile1= Sulfuric-acid-2D-dimensions.svg
| ImageAlt1 = S=O bond length = 142.2 pm, <br>S-O bond length = 157.4 pm, <br>O-H bond length = 97 pm
| ImageSize1 = 180
| ImageFileL1 = Sulfuric-acid-Givan-et-al-1999-3D-vdW.png
| ImageCaptionL1 = Space-fillin model
| ImageFileR1 = Sulfuric-acid-Givan-et-al-1999-3D-balls.png
| ImageCaptionR1 = Ball-an-stick model
| ImageFile4 = Sulphuric acid 96 percent extra pure.jpg
| IUPACName = Sulfuric acid
| OtherNames = Ile o vitriol
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 1086
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = O40UQP6WCF
| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}}
| KEGG = D05963
| InChI = 1/H2O4S/c1-5(2,3)4/h(H2,1,2,3,4)
| InChIKey = QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYAC
| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEBI = 26836
| SMILES = OS(=O)(=O)O
| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEMBL = 572964
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/H2O4S/c1-5(2,3)4/h(H2,1,2,3,4)
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N
| CASNo = 7664-93-9
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| RTECS = WS5600000
| EINECS = 231-639-5
| UNNumber = 1830
 }}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
| Formula = {{chem|H|2|S|O|4}}
| MolarMass = 98.079 g/mol
| Appearance = Clear, colourless, odorless liquid
| Density = 1.84 g/cm<sup>3</sup>, liquid
| Solubility = miscible
| MeltingPtC = 10
| BoilingPtC = 337
| Boiling_notes = When sulfuric acid is abuin {{convert|300|C|F}}, it will decompose slowly
| Viscosity = 26.7 [[Poise|cP]] (20&nbsp;°C)
| pKa = −3, 1.99
 }}
| Section4 = {{Chembox Thermochemistry
|   DeltaHf = −814&nbsp;kJ·mol<sup>−1</sup><ref name=b1>{{cite book| author = Zumdahl, Steven S.|title =Chemical Principles 6th Ed.| url = https://archive.org/details/chemicalprincipl0000zumd_u9g0| publisher = Houghton Mifflin Company| year = 2009| isbn = 0-618-94690-X|page=A23}}</ref>
|   Entropy = 157&nbsp;J·mol<sup>−1</sup>·K<sup>−1</sup><ref name=b1/>
 }}
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards
| ExternalMSDS = [http://www.ilo.org/public/english/protection/safework/cis/products/icsc/dtasht/_icsc03/icsc0362.htm ICSC 0362]
| EUIndex = 016-020-00-8
| FlashPt = Non-flammable
| EUClass = {{Hazchem C}}{{Hazchem N}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.msdsauthoring.com/sulfuric_acid_nugentec_ghs_msds.pdf|title=NuGenTec Material Safety Datasheet-Sulfuric acid|access-date=2014-09-11|archive-date=2013-02-15|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6ES1vVfc7?url=http://www.msdsauthoring.com/sulfuric_acid_nugentec_ghs_msds.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ilo.org/dyn/icsc/showcard.display?p_lang=en&p_card_id=0362|title=Sulfuric acid IPCS|quote=The substance is harmful to aquatic organisms.(ENVIRONMENTAL DATA)}}</ref>
| NFPA-H = 3
| NFPA-F = 0
| NFPA-R = 2
| NFPA-S = W
| RPhrases = {{R35}}
| SPhrases = {{S1/2}} {{S26}} {{S30}} {{S45}}
| GHSPictograms = {{GHS corrosion}}
| GHSSignalWord = '''Danger'''
| HPhrases = {{H-phrases|314}}
| PPhrases = {{P-phrases|260|264|280|301+330+331|303+361+353|363|304+340|305+351+338|310|321|310|405|501}}
| LD50 = 2140 mg/kg (oral, rat), [[Median lethal concentration|LC<sub>50</sub>]] = 25 mg/m<sup>3</sup> (inhalation, rat)
| TLV-TWA = 1 mg/m<sup>3</sup>
| TLV-STEL = 2 mg/m<sup>3</sup>
| TLV = 15 mg/m<sup>3</sup> (IDLH)
 }}
| Section8 = {{Chembox Related
| Function = [[strong acid]]s
| OtherFunctn = [[Selenic acid]]<br />[[Hydrochloric acid]]<br />[[Nitric acid]]<br />[[Chromic acid]]
| OtherCpds = [[Sulphurous acid]]<br />[[Peroxymonosulphuric acid]]<br />[[Sulphur trioxide]]<br />[[Oleum]]
 }}
}}
'''Sulphuric acid''' ([[Sulphur#Spellin an etymology|alternative spellin]] '''sulfuric acid''') is a heichly [[corrosive]] [[strang acid|strang]] [[mineral acid]] wi the [[molecular formula]] [[Hydrogen|H<sub>2</sub>]][[sulphate|SO<sub>4</sub>]].

|Lageplan          = Sieverstedt in SL.PNG
|Bundesland        = Schleswig-Holstein
|Kreis             = Schleswig-Flensburg
|Amt               = Oeversee
|Höhe              = 33
|Fläche            = 31.01
|Einwohner         = 1671
|Stand             = 2006-12-31
|PLZ               = 24885
|Vorwahl           = 04638 bzw. 04603
|Kfz               = SL
|Gemeindeschlüssel = 01 0 59 159
|Adresse-Verband   = Tornschauer Str. 3-5<br />24963 Tarp
|Website           = [http://www.amtoeversee.de/ www.amtoeversee.de]
|Bürgermeister     = Hartwig Wilkens
|Partei            =
}}

A '''croun''' is a kynd o heiddress worn bi a [[monarch]]. Thay are for ordinar worn whan thay are crouned or at important occasions. Crowns are nou uised as a seembol o the monarchy, an aw.

In Scots folklore the '''fachan''' (or '''fachin''',<ref name="Campbell2">Campbell, John Francis (1893) [1862]. ''Popular Tales of the West Highlands''. {{En}} Vol. 4 (New ed.). Alexander Gardner. pp. 297–98.</ref> fachen, Direach Ghlinn Eitidh or Dithreach (dwarf of Glen Etive)) is a monster or giant descrieve bi John Francis Campbell in ''Popular Tales of the West Highlands'' (Scots: Faur ben Tales o the West Hielands) as hivin ae ee in the middle o its coupon, ae haund comin oot its brieist instead o airms, an ae leg comin frae its central axis. It haes ae tuft of hair on the tap o its heid, bi Campbell's wey o it "it war easier to tak a muntain frae the root nor tae bend that tuft." Campbell gies tent tae the possible influence o craiturs frae [[Arabs|Arabic]] tradeetion sic as the Nesnas or Shikk, descrieved as "hauf o a human being" an happing aboot on ane leg wi muckle agility.

{{fixscots|date=Februar 2021}}
{{speciesbox
| name = Chinee alligator
| fossil_range = 
| status = CR
| status_system = iucn2.3
| image = ChineseAlligator15.JPG
| image_width = 250px
| taxon = Alligator sinensis
| binomial_authority = [[A.A. Fauvel|Fauvel]], 1879
| range_map = Alligator sinensis Distribution.png
| range_map_width = 250px
| synonyms =
*'''''Caigator sinensis''''' <small>[[Paules Edward Pieris Deraniyagala|Deraniyagala]], 1947</small>
}}
The '''Chinee alligator''' ({{zh|s=扬子鳄|t=揚子鱷}}, (yángzǐ è) ''Alligator sinensis'') is ane o twa kent livin species o ''[[Alligator]]'', a genus in the faimily [[Alligatoridae]]. It anly bides in [[East Cheenae|eastren Cheena]].

{{fixscots}}

A '''robot''' is a term that's uised for tae descrive a mechanical device that's for daein things that's seen as owerly borin, tae dangerous or ower muckle quirkie for a body tae cairy oot.

'''Poetry''' is a kynd o [[airt]] form an a kynd o [[leeteratur]]. 

'''Democracie''' (or '''democracy''') is a poleetical form o govrenment in which governin pouer is derived frae the fowk, aither bi direct referendum ([[direct democracie]]) or bi means o electit representatives o the fowk ([[representative democracie]]).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.innertemple.org.uk/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=250&Itemid=198 |title=Democracy Conference |publisher=Innertemple.org.uk |date= |accessdate=2010-08-22}}</ref>  The term comes frae the {{lang-el|δημοκρατία}} – (''dēmokratía'') "rule o the fowk",<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0057:entry%3d%2324422 |title=Demokratia, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, "A Greek-English Lexicon", at Perseus |access-date=2007-09-14 |archive-date=2007-09-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070914202111/http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0057:entry%3d%2324422 |url-status=live }}</ref> which wis coined frae δῆμος (''dêmos'') "fowk" an κράτος (''Kratos'') "pouer", in the middle o the 5t-4t centurie BC tae denote the [[poleetical seestems]] then existin in some Greek ceetie-states, notablie [[Classical Athens|Athens]] follaein a popular uprisin in [[508 BC]].<ref name="BBC1">Democracy is people who rule the government directly.[http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/ancient/greeks/greekdemocracy_01.shtml BBC History of democracy]</ref>
Even tho thare is nae specific, universallie acceptit definition o 'democracie',<ref>[http://www.economist.com/markets/rankings/displaystory.cfm?story_id=8908438 Liberty and justice for some] at [[The Economist|Economist.com]]</ref> equalitie an freedom hae been identified as important characteristics o democracie syne ancient times.<ref name="AristotlePol1317b">{{cite web|url=http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0058%3Abook%3D6%3Asection%3D1317b |title=Aristotle, Politics.1317b (Book 6, Part II) |publisher=Perseus.tufts.edu |date= |accessdate=2010-08-22}}</ref> Thir principles are reflectit in aw ceetizens bein [[Equalitie afore the law|equal afore the law]] an haein equal access tae pouer. For ensaumple, in a representative democracie, iverie vote haes equal wecht, nae restrictions can apply tae onyane wantin tae acome a representative, an the freedom o its ceetizens is secured bi legitimized richts an liberties which are generallie protectit bi a constitution.<ref name="BKMIT">R. Alan Dahl, I. Shapiro, J. A. Cheibub, ''The Democracy Sourcebook'', MIT Press 2003, ISBN 0262541475, [http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=B8THIuSkiqgC Google Books link]</ref><ref name="BKHenaff">M. Hénaff, T. B. Strong, ''Public Space and Democracy'', University of Minnesota Press, ISBN 0816633878</ref>

'''Pichilemu''' is a smaa toun in cenral [[Chile]]. It is the caipital o a [[gmina]] athin Cardenal Caro. It haes 12,392 indwallers, as o [[2002]].
{{Commonscat}}

{{fixscots}}

'''Purpie''' is a range o hues o [[colour]] occurrin atween [[reid]] an [[blue]].<ref>Mish, Frederic C., Editor in Chief ''Webster's Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary'' Springfield, Massachusetts, U.S.A.:1984--Merriam-Webster Page 957</ref><ref>''Webster's New World Dictionary of American English'' (Third College Edition) defines it as: A dark color that is a blend of red and blue." The ''Random House College Dictionary'' defines it as "any color intermediate between red and blue."</ref>    The ''Oxford Inglis Dictionary'' describes it as a deep, rich shade atween [[crimson]] an [[violet (color)|violet]].<ref name="autogenerated2003">''Shorter Oxford English Dictionary'', 5th Edition, 2003.</ref>

{{fixscots}}
<!-- This article is a part of [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft]]. Please see [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft/page content]] for recommended layout, and guidelines. -->
{| <!-- Limit is three (3) in 'more users' field, four (4) total users with primary user. Order matches cited list in Operators section. -->
 |produced= 1981–2004
 |number built= 1,050<ref name=last757built>{{cite web |url=http://boeing.mediaroom.com/2004-10-28-Boeing-Marks-Completion-of-its-757-Commercial-Airplane-Program |title=Boeing Marks Completion of its 757 Commercial Airplane Program |date=October 28, 2004 |publisher=Boeing |accessdate=September 26, 2014}}</ref>
 |unit cost= {{plainlist|
* 757-200: US$65&nbsp;million (2002)
* 757-300: US$80&nbsp;million (2002)}}
 |variants with their own articles= [[Boeing C-32]]
}}
|}
The '''Boeing 757''' is a mid-size, [[Narrae-bouk aircraft|narrae-bouk]] [[twinjet|twin-ingine]] [[jet airliner]] that wis designed an biggit bi [[Boeing Commercial Airplanes]].

A '''puddock stuil''' is a fruitin body (that is, a [[spore]]-makkin structur) o a [[moul]], wi a stalk an heid that growes abuin the grund. The term is aften applee'd tae ony moul that growes abuin the grund.

{{other uses|Nariño (disambiguation)}}

{{automatic taxobox
| name = Tarantula
| taxon = Theraphosidae
| image = Brachypelma smithi 2009 G03.jpg
| image_caption = [[Mexican redknee tarantula]]
| authority = [[Tamerlan Thorell|Thorell]], 1870
| diversity_link = Leet o Theraphosidae species
| diversity = 123 genera, 931 species
| range_map = Distribution.theraphosidae.1.png
| subdivision_ranks = Subfaimilies
| subdivision =
[[Acanthopelminae]]<br />
[[Aviculariinae]]<br />
[[Eumenophorinae]]<br />
[[Harpactirinae]]<br />
[[Ischnocolinae]]<br />
[[Ornithoctoninae]]<br />
[[Poecilotheriinae]]<br />
[[Selenocosmiinae]]<br />
[[Selenogyrinae]]<br />
[[Spelopelminae]]<br />
[[Stromatopelminae]]<br />
[[Theraphosinae]]<br />
[[Thrigmopoeinae]]
}}
'''Tarantulas''' comprise a group o muckle an eften hairy [[arachnid]]s  belanging tae the  '''Theraphosidae''' [[Faimily (taxonomy)|faimily]] [[Speeder taxonomy|o speeders]], o which approximately 900 species hae been identifee'd.

'''Cumbria''' ({{IPA-en|ˈkʌmbriə}}), is a [[non-metropolitan coonty|shire coonty]] in the [[North Wast Ingland|North Wast]] o [[Ingland]]. Cumbria cam intae existence as a coonty in 1974 efter the passage o the [[Local Government Act 1972]]. The coonty conseests o sax [[Destricts o Ingland|destricts]], an haes a tot [[population]] o 498,800.
{{Commonscat}}

{{About|the biggin material|the saftware company|Adobe Inc.}}
, Spain.]]
'''Adobe''' ({{IPA-es|aˈðoβe|lang}}) is a biggin material made frae yird an ither organic materials.

{{Fixscots}}
{| ''TIME'', February 2, 1970. Retrieved: December 20, 2007.</ref>
 |status= In service
| primary user = [[British Airways]] <!--Limit one (1) primary user-->
| more users = [[Lufthansa]] <br />[[Korean Air]] <br />[[Atlas Air]] <!-- Limit is THREE (3) in 'more users' field, four (4) total users with primary user. Please separate with <br>.-->
 |produced= 1968–present
| number built = 1,548 {{as of|December 2018|lc=on|df=us}}<ref name=747_O_D_summ/>
 |unit cost= 747-100: US$24&nbsp;million (1967) <br />747-200: US$39&nbsp;million (1976) <br />747-300: US$83&nbsp;million (1982) <br />747-400: US$228–260&nbsp;million (2007)<br />747-8I: US$351.4&nbsp;million<ref name=prices>[http://www.boeing.com/commercial/prices/ "Boeing Commercial Airplanes prices."] ''The Boeing Company''. Retrieved: August 8, 2012.</ref><br />747-8F: US$352&nbsp;million
 |variants with their own articles= [[Boeing 747SP]] <br />[[Boeing 747-400]] <br />[[Boeing 747-8]] <br />[[Boeing VC-25]] <br />[[Boeing E-4]]
 |developed into= [[Boeing YAL-1]] <br />[[Boeing 747 Large Cargo Freighter]]
}}
|}
The '''Boeing 747''' is an American [[wide-bouk aircraft|wide-bouk]] commercial [[jet airliner]] an [[cargae aircraft]], aften referred tae bi its oreeginal nickname, "Jumbo Jet". Its distinctive "hump" upper deck alang the forrit pairt o the aircraft haes made it ane o the maist recognisable aircraft,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.airspacemag.com/flight-today/747-worlds-airliner-180951414/?all&no-ist |title=747: The World's Airliner |work=Air & Space Magazine |last=Negroni |first=Christine |date=July 2014 |accessdate=January 2, 2015}}</ref> an it wis the first wide-bouk airplane produced. Manufacturt bi [[Boeing]]'s [[Boeing Commercial Airplanes|Commercial Airplane]] unit in the Unitit States, the 747 wis oreeginally enveesioned tae hae 150 per cent greater capacity than the [[Boeing 707]],<ref>Branson, Richard. [http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,989780-2,00.html "Pilot of the Jet Age."] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160809122601/http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,989780-2,00.html |date=2016-08-09 }} ''Time'', December 7, 1998. Retrieved: December 13, 2007.</ref> a common lairge commercial aircraft o the 1960s. First flewn commercially in 1970, the 747 held the passenger capacity record for 37 year.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/asia-pacific/7061164.stm "A380 superjumbo lands in Sydney."] ''BBC,'' October 25, 2007. Retrieved: August 3, 2010. Quote: "The superjumbo's advent ends a reign of nearly four decades by the Boeing 747 as the world's biggest airliner."</ref>

[[Image:1960.austin.healey.3000.arp.750pix.jpg|right|250px]]

A '''hoose''' (or '''houss''') is a [[biggin]] that fowk bide in. It is kent as thair '''hame''' an aw. Fowk that dinnae huv a hoose are kent as [[hameless]] fowk.

| birth_place   = [[Oxford]], Ingland
|death_date        = {{death date and age|2018|3|14|1942|1|8|df=dmy}}
|death_place       = [[Cambridge]], Ingland
| residence     = Unitit Kinrick
| nationality   = Breetish
| fields        =
  {{plainlist |
* [[General relativity]]
* [[Quantum gravity]]
  }}
| workplaces    =
  {{plainlist |
* [[Varsity o Cambridge]]
* [[Californie Institute of Technology]]
* [[Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Pheesics]]
  }}
| alma_mater    =
  {{plainlist |
* [[Varsity o Oxford]] (BA)
* [[Varsity o Cambridge]] (PhD)<ref name="whoswho">{{Who's Who | surname = HAWKING | othernames = Prof. Stephen William | id = U19510  | volume = 2015 | edition = online [[Oxford University Press]]}} {{subscription required}}</ref>
  }}
| doctoral_advisor = [[Dennis William Sciama|Dennis Sciama]]<ref name="mathgene">{{MathGenealogy|id=78459}}</ref>
| thesis_title  = Properties o Expandin Universes
| thesis_url    = http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/62793673
| thesis_year   = 1965<ref name="hawkingphd">{{cite thesis |degree=PhD |first=Stephen |last=Hawking |title=Properties of Expanding Universes |publisher=University of Cambridge |year=1966 |url=http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/62793673 |authorlink=Stephen Hawking}} {{OCLC|62793673}}</ref>
| academic_advisors = Robert Berman{{citation needed|date=February 2014}}
| doctoral_students = {{plainlist |
* [[Bruce Allen (pheesicist)|Bruce Allen]]<ref name="mathgene" /><ref name="allenphd">{{cite thesis |degree=PhD |first=Bruce |last=Allen |title=Vacuum energy and general relativity |publisher=University of Cambridge |year=1983 |url=http://ulmss-newton.lib.cam.ac.uk/vwebv/holdingsInfo?bibId=5544 |authorlink=Bruce Allen (physicist) |access-date=2015-08-29 |archive-date=2016-01-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160125092707/http://ulmss-newton.lib.cam.ac.uk/vwebv/holdingsInfo?bibId=5544 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* [[Raphael Bousso]]<ref name="mathgene" /><ref name="boussophd">{{cite thesis |degree=PhD |first=Raphael |last=Bousso |title=Pair creation of black holes in cosmology |publisher=University of Cambridge |year=1997 |url=http://ulmss-newton.lib.cam.ac.uk/vwebv/holdingsInfo?bibId=18697 |authorlink=Raphael Bousso |access-date=2015-08-29 |archive-date=2016-01-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160125092707/http://ulmss-newton.lib.cam.ac.uk/vwebv/holdingsInfo?bibId=18697 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* [[Bernard Carr]]<ref name="mathgene" /><ref name="carrphd">{{cite thesis |degree=PhD |first=Bernard John |last=Carr |title=Primordial black holes |publisher=University of Cambridge |year=1976 |url=http://ulmss-newton.lib.cam.ac.uk/vwebv/holdingsInfo?bibId=6798 |authorlink=Bernard Carr |access-date=2015-08-29 |archive-date=2016-01-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160125092707/http://ulmss-newton.lib.cam.ac.uk/vwebv/holdingsInfo?bibId=6798 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* [[Fay Dowker]]<ref name="mathgene" /<ref name="dowkerphd">{{cite thesis |degree=PhD |first=Helen Fay |last=Dowker |title=Space-time wormholes |publisher=University of Cambridge |year=1991 |url=http://ulmss-newton.lib.cam.ac.uk/vwebv/holdingsInfo?bibId=7858 |authorlink=Fay Dowker |access-date=2015-08-29 |archive-date=2016-01-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160125092707/http://ulmss-newton.lib.cam.ac.uk/vwebv/holdingsInfo?bibId=7858 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* [[:fr:Christophe Galfard|Christophe Galfard]]<ref name="galfardphd">{{cite thesis |degree=PhD |first=Christophe Georges Gunnar Sven |last=Galfard |title=Black hole information & branes |publisher=University of Cambridge |year=2006 |url=http://ulmss-newton.lib.cam.ac.uk/vwebv/holdingsInfo?bibId=28782 |access-date=2015-08-29 |archive-date=2016-01-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160125092707/http://ulmss-newton.lib.cam.ac.uk/vwebv/holdingsInfo?bibId=28782 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* [[Gary Gibbons]]<ref name="mathgene" /><ref name="gibbonsphd">{{cite thesis |degree=PhD |first=Gary William |last=Gibbons |title=Some aspects of gravitational radiation and gravitational collapse |publisher=University of Cambridge |year=1973 |url=http://ulmss-newton.lib.cam.ac.uk/vwebv/holdingsInfo?bibId=8671 |authorlink=Gary Gibbons |access-date=2015-08-29 |archive-date=2016-01-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160125092707/http://ulmss-newton.lib.cam.ac.uk/vwebv/holdingsInfo?bibId=8671 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* [[:nl:Thomas Hertog|Thomas Hertog]]<ref name="mathgene" /><ref name="hertogphd">{{cite thesis |degree=PhD |first=Thomas |last=Hertog |title=The origin of inflation |publisher=University of Cambridge |year=2002 |url=http://ulmss-newton.lib.cam.ac.uk/vwebv/holdingsInfo?bibId=23554 |access-date=2015-08-29 |archive-date=2016-01-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160125092707/http://ulmss-newton.lib.cam.ac.uk/vwebv/holdingsInfo?bibId=23554 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* [[Raymond Laflamme]]<ref name="mathgene" /><ref name="laflammephd">{{cite thesis |degree=PhD |first=Raymond |last=Laflamme |title=Time and quantum cosmology |publisher=University of Cambridge |year=1988 |url=http://ulmss-newton.lib.cam.ac.uk/vwebv/holdingsInfo?bibId=10575 |authorlink=Raymond Laflamme |access-date=2015-08-29 |archive-date=2016-01-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160125092707/http://ulmss-newton.lib.cam.ac.uk/vwebv/holdingsInfo?bibId=10575 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* [[Don Page (pheesicist)|Don Page]]<ref name="mathgene" /><ref name="pagephd">{{cite thesis |degree=PhD |first=Don Nelson |last=Page |title=Accretion into and emission from black holes |publisher=California Institute of Technology |year=1976 |url=http://thesis.library.caltech.edu/7179/ |authorlink=Don Page (physicist)}}</ref>
* [[Malcolm Perry (pheesicist)|Malcolm Perry]]<ref name="mathgene" /><ref name="perryphd">{{cite thesis |degree=PhD |first=Malcolm John |last=Perry |title=Black holes and quantum mechanics |publisher=University of Cambridge |year=1978 |url=http://ulmss-newton.lib.cam.ac.uk/vwebv/holdingsInfo?bibId=12538 |access-date=2015-08-29 |archive-date=2016-01-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160125092707/http://ulmss-newton.lib.cam.ac.uk/vwebv/holdingsInfo?bibId=12538 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* [[:zh:吴忠超|Wu Zhongchao]]<ref name="mathgene" /><ref name="wuphd">{{cite thesis |degree=PhD |first=Zhongchao |last=Wu |title=Cosmological models and the inflationary universe |publisher=University of Cambridge |year=1984 |url=http://ulmss-newton.lib.cam.ac.uk/vwebv/holdingsInfo?bibId=15549 |access-date=2015-08-29 |archive-date=2016-01-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160125092707/http://ulmss-newton.lib.cam.ac.uk/vwebv/holdingsInfo?bibId=15549 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
  }}
| known_for     =
  {{plainlist |
* [[Hawking radiation]]
* [[Penrose–Hawking singularity theorems|Penrose–Hawking theorems]]
* ''[[A Brief History o Time]]'' (1988)
  }}
| awards        =
  {{plainlist | style = white-space: nowrap; |
* [[Adams Prize]] (1966)
* [[Fellae o the Ryal Society|FRS]] (1974)<ref name="royal">{{cite web |url=http://royalsociety.org/DServe/dserve.exe?dsqIni=Dserve.ini&dsqApp=Archive&dsqDb=Catalog&dsqCmd=show.tcl&dsqSearch=(RefNo==%27EC%2F1974%2F12%27) |title=Certificate of election: Hawking, Stephen, EC/1974/12 |publisher=The Royal Society |archivedate=2014-02-04 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6N82r0VCh?url=http://royalsociety.org/DServe/dserve.exe?dsqIni=Dserve.ini |location=London |access-date=2015-08-29 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[Eddington Medal]] (1975)
* [[Maxwell Medal an Prize]] (1976)
* [[Dannie Heineman Prize for Mathematical Pheesics|Heineman Prize]] (1976)
* [[Hughes Medal]] (1976)
* [[Albert Einstein Awaird]] (1978)
* [[Order o the Breetish Empire|CBE]] (1982)
* [[Gowd Medal o the Ryal Astronomical Society|RAS Gowd Medal]] (1985)
* [[Dirac Prize#Paul Dirac Medal an Prize|Dirac Medal]] (1987)
* [[Wolf Prize]] (1988)
* [[Order o the Companions o Honour|CH]] (1989)
* [[Prince o Asturias Awairds|Prince o Asturias Awaird]] (1989)
* [[Andrew Gemant Awaird]] (1998)
* [[Naylor Prize an Lectureship]] (1999)
* [[Lilienfeld Prize]] (1999)
* [[Albert Medal (Ryal Society o Airts)]] (1999)
* [[Copley Medal]] (2006)
* [[Presidential Medal of Freedom]] (2009)
* [[Fundamental Pheesics Prize]] (2012)
* [[Ryal Society o Airts|FRSA]]
  }}
| spouse        =
  {{plainlist |
* {{marriage|[[Jane Wilde Hawking]] | 1965|1995|end=divorced}}
* {{marriage|Elaine Mason|1995|2006|end=divorced}}}}
| children      =
  {{plainlist |
* Robert {{b.|1967}}
* [[Lucy Hawking|Lucy]] {{b.|1970}}
* Timothy {{b.|1979}}
}}
| religion      = None [[Atheist]]<ref name="Auto2J-1">{{cite web |url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/09/25/stephen-hawking-atheist_n_5882860.html |title=Stephen Hawking Says 'There Is No God,' Confirms He's An Atheist |date=25 September 2014 |work=The Huffington Post |accessdate=26 October 2014}}</ref>
| website       = {{URL|hawking.org.uk}}
}}
'''Stephen William Hawking''' {{post-nominals|country=GBR|CH|CBE|FRS|FRSA|commas=true}} {{nobr|1=({{IPAc-en|audio=Stephen Hawking Pronunciation.ogg|ˈ|s|t|iː|v|ə|n|_|ˈ|h|ɔː|k|ɪ|ŋ}};}} 8 Januar 1942 – 14 Mairch 2018) wis an Inglis [[theoretical physics|theoretical pheesicist]], cosmologist, author an Director o Research at the Centre for Theoretical Cosmology within the [[Varsity o Cambridge]].<ref name="Auto2J-2">{{cite web |url=http://www.ctc.cam.ac.uk/outreach/stephen_hawking.php |title=Centre for Theoretical Cosmology: Outreach Stephen Hawking |publisher=Ctc.cam.ac.uk |accessdate=23 June 2013}}</ref><ref name="Auto2J-3">{{cite web |url=http://www.hawking.org.uk/about-stephen.html |title=About Stephen&nbsp;– Stephen Hawking |publisher=Hawking.org.uk |date=8 January 1942 |accessdate=23 June 2013}}</ref> He wis born on the 300t anniversary o the daith o [[Galileo Galilei]] an died on [[Albert Einstein]]'s birthday ([[14 Mairch]]).

|image_coa=Coat of Arms of Amur oblast.png
|coa_caption=[[Coat o airms o Amur Oblast]]
|image_flag=Flag of Amur Oblast.svg
|flag_caption=[[Flag o Amur Oblast]]
|anthem=''none''
|anthem_ref
|holiday
|holiday_ref
|political_status=Oblast
|political_status_link=Oblasts o Roushie
|federal_district=[[Far Eastren Federal Destrict|Far Eastren]]
|economic_region=[[Far Eastren economic region|Far Eastren]]
|adm_ctr_type=Admeenistrative center
|adm_ctr_name=[[Blagoveshchensk]]
|adm_ctr_ref
|pop_2010census=830103
|pop_2010census_rank=61st
|urban_pop_2010census=66.8%
|rural_pop_2010census=33.2%
|pop_2010census_ref=<ref name="2010Census" />
|pop_density
|pop_density_as_of
|pop_density_ref
|pop_latest
|pop_latest_date
|pop_latest_ref
|area_km2=363700
|area_km2_rank=14t
|area_km2_ref
|established_date=20 October 1932
|established_date_ref
|license_plates=28
|ISO=RU-AMU
|gov_as_of=Mairch 2011
|leader_title=[[Govrenor o Amur Oblast|Govrenor]]
|leader_title_ref=<ref name="HeadTitle">Charter, Article&nbsp;46.1</ref>
|leader_name=[[Oleg Kozhemyako]]
|leader_name_ref=<ref name="HeadName">Official website of Amur Oblast.  [http://www.amurobl.ru/index.php?m=24597&r=1 Oleg Nikolayevich Kozhemyako] {{Ru icon}}</ref>
|legislature=[[Legislative Assembly o Amur Oblast|Legislative Assembly]]
|legislature_ref=<ref name="Legis">Charter, Article&nbsp;33.1</ref>
|website=http://www.amurobl.ru/
|website_ref=<ref name="Website">Resolution #607, Section&nbsp;1</ref>
|date=August 2010
}}
'''Amur Oblast''' ({{lang-ru|Аму́рская о́бласть}}, ''Amurskaya oblast'') is a [[federal subjects o Roushie|federal subject]] o [[Roushie]] (an [[oblast]]), situatit on the banks o the [[Amur River|Amur]] an [[Zeya River]]s. It shares its mairch wi the [[Sakha Republic]] in the north, [[Khabarovsk Krai]] an the [[Jewish Autonomous Oblast]] in the east, [[Cheenae]] in the sooth, an [[Zabaykalsky Krai]] in the wast. Population: 830,103 ([[Roushie Census (2010)|2010 Census]]).<ref name="2010Census">{{ru-pop-ref|2010Census}}</ref>

{{double image|right|Bay of Fundy High Tide.jpg|200|Bay of Fundy Low Tide.jpg|200|Heich tide, [[Alma, New Brunswick|Alma]], [[New Brunswick]] in the [[Bay o Fundy]], 1972|Law tide at the same fishin port in [[Bay o Fundy]], 1972|Photae o boat in watter next tae a dock|Photo o boat restin on bottom next tae dock}}
'''Tides''' is the risin an fawin o [[sea]] levels caused by the gravitational forces o the [[muin]], the [[sun]] an the birlin o the [[yird]] wirkin thegither.

section in a [[Brazi]]lian supermercat]]
A '''supermercat''', a muckle form o the tradeetional [[grocery store]], is a [[sel-service]] [[Retail#Teeps o ootlets|shop]] offerin a wide variety o [[fuid]] an hoosehauld products, organised intae aisles.

|subdivision_type             = Kintra
|subdivision_name             = [[Turkey]]
|subdivision_type1            = [[Leet o regions o Turkey|Region]]
|subdivision_name1            = [[Marmara Region|Marmara]]
|subdivision_type2            = [[Provinces o Turkey|Province]]
|subdivision_name2            = [[Istanbul Province|Istanbul]]
|leader_party                 = [[CHP]]
|leader_title                 = Mayor
|leader_name                  = [[Ekrem İmamoğlu]]
|established_title            = Established
|established_date             =
|established_title1           = &nbsp;-&nbsp;[[Byzantium]]
|established_date1            = c. 660 BC
|established_title2           = &nbsp;-&nbsp;<small>[[Constantinople]]</small>
|established_date2            = 330 AD
|established_title3           = &nbsp;-&nbsp;Istanbul
|established_date3            = 1453 ([[Ottoman Turkis leid|Ottoman Turkis]])<br />1923 ([[Turkis leid|Modren Turkis]])<br />1930 (internaitionally)
|parts_type                   = Destricts
|parts                        = 39
|area_metro_km2               = 5343
|area_metro_mi2               = 2063
|area_metro_footnotes         = 
| population_metro=14,377,019
| population_urban=14,100,000
| population_total=14,025,646
| population_as_of=December 31, 2014
| population_footnotes=<ref name=citypolution.de>{{cite web|title=Tukey:Provinces and Major Cities|quote=The population of the Turkish cities and provinces according to census results and latest register-based tabulations|url=http://www.citypopulation.de/Turkey-C20.html|website=www.citytpopulation.de|publisher=Citypopulation|date=31 December 2014|accessdate=26 June 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=All urban agglomerations of the world with a population of 1 million inhabitants or more|url=http://www.citypopulation.de/world/Agglomerations.html|website=www.citypopulation.de|publisher=Citypopulation|date=1 April 2015|accessdate=26 June 2015}}</ref><ref name="Population of Turkey">{{cite web|url=http://www.turkstat.gov.tr/HbGetirHTML.do?id=18616|publisher=[[Turkish Statistical Institute]]|title=The Results of Address Based Population Registration System, 2014|date=31 December 2014|accessdate=29 January 2015}}{{Dead link|date=December 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
| population_rank=[[Leet o ceeties in Turkey|1st]]
| population_density_km2=12029 - 7664
| population_density_metro_km2=2691
|timezone                     = [[Eastren European Time|EET]]
|utc_offset                   = +2
|timezone_DST                 = [[Eastren European Simmer Time|EEST]]
|utc_offset_DST               = +3
|postal_code_type             = [[Postal code]]
|postal_code                  = 34000 tae 34850
|area_code                    = (+90) 212 (European side) <br /> (+90) 216 (Asian side)
|website                      = {{URL|http://www.ibb.gov.tr/en-US/Pages/Home.aspx|Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality}}
}}
'''Istanbul''' ({{lang-tr|İstanbul}} {{IPA-tr|isˈtɑnbuɫ||Istanbul pronunciation.ogg}}), historically kent as '''Constantinople''' an '''Byzantium''', is the maist populous ceety in [[Turkey]] an the kintra's economic, cultural, an historic centre. Istanbul is a transcontinental ceety in [[Eurasie]], straddlin the [[Bosphorus]] [[strait]] (which separates [[Europe]] an [[Asie]]) atween the [[Sea o Marmara]] an the [[Black Sea]]. Its commercial an historical centre lies on the [[continental Europe|European side]] an aboot a third o its population leeves on the [[Anatolie|Asie side]].<ref name="wctr281">{{harvnb|WCTR Society; Unʼyu Seisaku Kenkyū Kikō|2004|p=281}}</ref>
The ceety is the admeenistrative centre o the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality ([[wikt:conterminous|coterminous]] wi [[Istanbul Province]]), baith hostin a population o aroond 14.7 million residents.<ref name=citypolution.de/> Istanbul is ane o the [[warld's lairgest ceeties|warld's maist populous ceeties]] an ranks as the warld's 7t-[[Leet o ceeties proper bi population|lairgest ceety proper]] an the [[leet o European ceeties bi population|lairgest European ceety]].

[[Image:Triumph-tr2.jpg|right|250px|Triumph TR2]]

| type              = 
| genre             = 
| built             = 
| opened            = {{Start date|1997|09|07|df=yes}}
| renovated         = 
| expanded          = 
| closed            = 
| demolished        = 
| owner             = SEC Ltd.
| construction_cost =  [[Poond sterlin|£]]30 million
| former_names      = 
| seating_type      = 
| seating_capacity  = 3,000
| website           = {{URL|http://www.secc.co.uk/organise/concerts-and-events/concert-hall-overview/clyde-auditorium.aspx|Venue Info}}
}}
The '''SEC Armadillo<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.eveningtimes.co.uk/news/15051637.All_change_as_SECC_is_renamed_the_Scottish_Event_Campus/ |title=All change as SECC is renamed the Scottish Event Campus |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date=27 January 2017 |work=Evening Times |publisher=Newsquest (Herald & Times)|accessdate=27 January 2017}}</ref>''' (oreeginally kent as the '''Clyde Auditorium''') is a [[concert]] venue in [[Glesga]], [[Scotland]]. The biggin sits on the steid o the nou infilled Queen's Dock on the [[River Clyde]], adjacent tae the [[Scots Exhibeetion an Conference Centre]].

{{Taxobox
| name = Lintie
| status = LC
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| status_ref = <ref>{{IUCN|id=106008836 |title=''Carduelis cannabina'' |assessors=[[BirdLife International]] |version=2012.1 |year=2012 |accessdate=16 July 2012}}</ref>
| image = Carduelis cannabina -England -male-8.jpg
| image_caption = Male in breedin plumage in England
| image2 = Female-linnet.jpg
| image2_caption = Female in Scotland
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]]
| classis = [[bird|Aves]]
| ordo = [[Passeriformes]]
| familia = [[Fringillidae]]
| genus = ''[[Carduelis]]''
| species = '''''C. cannabina'''''
| binomial = ''Carduelis cannabina''
| binomial_authority = ([[Carolus Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], 1758)
}} 

{{taxobox
|image = Yarrow (Achillea millefolium).jpg
|image_caption = Stainch-gress on [[Janče]] hill, [[Slovenia]]
|regnum = [[Plantae]]
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Asterids]]
|ordo = [[Asterales]]
|familia = [[Asteraceae]]
|genus = ''[[Achillea]]''
|species = '''''A. millefolium'''''
|binomial = ''Achillea millefolium''
|binomial_authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]
|synonyms_ref=
|synonyms={{collapsible list|bullets = true
|title=<small>Synonymy</small>
|''Achillea albida'' <small>Willd.</small>
|''Achillea alpicola'' <small>(Rydb.) Rydb.</small> 
|''Achillea ambigua'' <small>Boiss.</small>
|''Achillea ambigua'' <small>Pollini</small>
|''Achillea anethifolia'' <small>Fisch. ex Herder</small> 
|''Achillea angustissima'' <small>Rydb.</small>
|''Achillea arenicola'' <small>A.Heller</small>
|''Achillea bicolor'' <small>Wender.</small> 
|''Achillea borealis'' <small>Bong.</small>
|''Achillea californica'' <small>Pollard 	</small>
|''Achillea ceretanica'' <small>Sennen</small> 
|''Achillea compacta'' <small>Lam.</small>
|''Achillea coronopifolia'' <small>Willd.</small>
|''Achillea crassifolia'' <small>Colla</small>
|''Achillea cristata'' <small>Hort. ex DC.</small>
|''Achillea dentifera'' <small>Rchb.</small>
|''Achillea eradiata'' <small>Piper</small>
|''Achillea fusca'' <small>Rydb.</small>
|''Achillea gigantea'' <small>Pollard</small> 
|''Achillea gracilis'' <small>Raf.</small>
|''Achillea haenkeana'' <small>Tausch</small> 
|''Achillea intermedia'' <small>Schleich.</small>
|''Achillea lanata'' <small>Lam.</small>
|''Achillea lanulosa'' <small>Nutt.</small>
|''Achillea laxiflora'' <small>A.Nelson</small> 
|''Achillea laxiflora'' <small>Pollard & Cockerell</small> 
|''Achillea magna'' <small>All.</small> 
|''Achillea magna'' <small>L.</small>
|''Achillea magna'' <small>Haenke</small>
|''Achillea marginata'' <small>Turcz. ex Ledeb.</small>
|''Achillea nabelekii'' <small>Heimerl 	</small>
|''Achillea occidentalis'' <small>(DC.) Raf. ex Rydb.</small>
|''Achillea ochroleuca'' <small>Eichw.</small> 
|''Achillea ossica'' <small>K.Koch</small>
|''Achillea pacifica'' <small>Rydb.</small>
|''Achillea palmeri'' <small>Rydb.</small>
|''Achillea pecten-veneris'' <small>Pollard</small> 
|''Achillea pratensis'' <small>Saukel & R.Länger</small>
|''Achillea pseudo-tanacetifolia'' <small>Wierzb. ex Rchb.</small>
|''Achillea puberula'' <small>Rydb.|</small>
|''Achillea pumila'' <small>Schur</small>
|''Achillea rosea'' <small>Desf.</small>
|''Achillea setacea'' <small>Schwein.</small>
|''Achillea sordida'' <small>(W.D.J.Koch) Dalla Torre & Sarnth.</small>
|''Achillea subalpina'' <small>Greene</small>
|''Achillea submillefolium'' <small>Klokov & Krytzka</small>
|''Achillea sylvatica'' <small>Becker</small> 
|''Achillea tanacetifolia'' <small>Mill.</small>
|''Achillea tenuifolia'' <small>Salisb.</small> 
|''Achillea tenuis'' <small>Schur</small>
|''Achillea tomentosa'' <small>Pursh 1813 not L. 1753</small> 
|''Achillea virgata'' <small>Hort. ex DC.</small>
|''Achillios millefoliatus'' <small>St.-Lag.</small> 
|''Alitubus millefolium'' <small>(L.) Dulac</small>
|''Alitubus tomentosus'' <small>Dulac</small>
|''Chamaemelum millefolium'' <small>(L.) E.H.L.Krause</small>
|''Chamaemelum tanacetifolium'' <small>(All.) E.H.L.Krause</small> 
|''Chamaemelum tomentosum'' <small>(L.) E.H.L.Krause</small>
|plus mony mair names for subspecies, forms, an varieties
}}}}
'''''Achillea millefolium''''', commonly kent as '''stainch-gress''', '''dug-finkle''' or '''thoosand-leaft claver''', is a [[flouerin plant]] in the [[faimily (biology)|faimily]] [[Asteraceae]]. It is [[native plant|native]] tae [[temperateness|temperate]] regions o the Northren Hemisphere in Asie, Europe, an North Americae.<ref name="S&S">{{cite book|title=Simon & Schuster's Guide to Herbs and Spices |url=https://archive.org/details/simonschustersgu0000simo |editor=Stanley Schuler |isbn=0-671-73489-X |author =Gualtiero Simonetti |year=1990 |publisher=Simon & Schuster, Inc}}</ref>

instead -->
| type                    = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment]]
| image_skyline           = Colmar Prefecture.JPG
| image_alt               = 
| image_caption           = [[Prefecturs in Fraunce|Prefectur]] biggin o the Haut-Rhin depairtment, in Colmar
| image_flag              = 
| flag_alt                = 
| image_shield            = Blason département fr Haut-Rhin.svg
| shield_alt              = 
| nickname                = 
| motto                   = 
| image_map               = Haut-Rhin-Position.svg
| map_alt                 = 
| map_caption             = Location o Haut-Rhin in Fraunce
| pushpin_map             = 
| pushpin_label_position  = 
| pushpin_map_alt         = 
| pushpin_map_caption     = 
| coordinates             = {{coord|47|57|51|N|7|19|11|E|region:FR_type:adm2nd_source:GNS-enwiki|display=inline,title}}
| coor_pinpoint           = 
| coordinates_footnotes   = 
| subdivision_type        = [[Leet o sovereign states|Kintra]]
| subdivision_name        = [[Fraunce]]
| subdivision_type1       = [[Regions o Fraunce|Region]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[Alsace]]
| established_title       = 
| established_date        = 
| founder                 = 
| seat_type               = [[Prefecturs in Fraunce|Prefectur]]
| seat                    = [[Colmar]]
| parts_type              = [[Subprefecturs in Fraunce|Subprefecturs]]
| parts_style             = para
| p1                      = [[Altkirch]]<br>[[Mulhouse]]<br>[[Thann, Haut-Rhin|Thann]]
| government_footnotes    = 
| leader_party            = [[Union pour un mouvement populaire|UMP]]
| leader_title            = [[Preses o the general cooncil|Preses o the General Cooncil]]
| leader_name             = [[Charles Buttner]]
| unit_pref               = Metric<!-- or US or UK -->
| area_magnitude          = 
| area_footnotes          = {{ref|area|1}}
| area_total_km2          = 3525
| area_note               = 
| elevation_footnotes     = 
| elevation_m             = 
| elevation_min_m         = 
| elevation_max_m         = 
| population_footnotes    = 
| population_total        = 742408
| population_as_of        = 2007
| population_rank         = [[Leet o French depairtments bi population|28t]]
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_demonym      = 
| population_note         = 
| blank_name_sec1         = [[Depairtments o France|Depairtment nummer]]
| blank_info_sec1         = 68
| blank_name_sec2         = [[Arrondissements o Fraunce|Arrondissements]]
| blank_info_sec2         = [[arrondissements o the Haut-Rhin depairtment|4]]
| blank1_name_sec2        = [[Cantons in Fraunce|Cantons]]
| blank1_info_sec2        = [[cantons o the Haut-Rhin depairtment|17]]
| blank2_name_sec2        = [[Communes in Fraunce|Communes]]
| blank2_info_sec2        = [[communes o the Haut-Rhin depairtment|377]]
| timezone1               = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset1             = +1
| timezone1_DST           = [[Central European Simmer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset1_DST         = +2
| postal_code_type        = 
| postal_code             = 
| area_code_type          = 
| area_code               = 
| iso_code                = 
| website                 = 
| footnotes               = {{note|area|1}} French Laund Register data, which exclude [[estuary|estuaries]], an lochs, ponds, an glaciers lairger nor 1 km<sup>2</sup>
}}
'''Haut-Rhin''' ({{IPA-fr|oʁɛ̃}}; [[Alsatian leid|Alsatian]]: ''Owerelsàss'') ({{lang-de|Oberelsass, Hoch-Rhein}}) is a [[Depairtments o Fraunce|depairtment]] in the [[Alsace]] [[Regions o Fraunce|region]] o Fraunce, named efter the [[Rhine]] river.

{{automatic taxobox
| image = Glacier-Lyman-Tamarack.jpg| image_width = 250px
| image_caption = ''Larix'' (gowden), ''Abies'' (center foregrund) an ''Pinus'' (richt foregrund)
| authority = [[John Lindley|Lindley]] 1836.
| subdivision_ranks = Genera
| subdivision = 
Subfaimily '''Pinoideae'''<br/>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;''[[Pine|Pinus]]'' - pines (aboot 115 species)<br/>
Subfaimily '''Piceoideae'''<br/>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;''[[Spruce|Picea]]'' - spruces (aboot 35 species)<br/>
Subfaimily '''Laricoideae'''<br/>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;''[[Cathaya]]'' (ane species)<br/>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;''[[Larch|Larix]]'' - larches (aboot 14 species)<br/>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;''[[Douglas-fir|Pseudotsuga]]'' - douglas-firs (five species)<br/>
Subfaimily '''Abietoideae'''<br/>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;''[[Pseudolarix]]'' - golden larch (ane species)<br/>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;''[[Fir|Abies]]'' - firs (aboot 50 species)<br/>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;''[[Cedrus]]'' - cedars (twa tae fower species)<br/>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;''[[Keteleeria]]'' (three species)<br/>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;''[[Nothotsuga]]'' (ane species)<br/>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;''[[Tsuga]]'' - hemlock (nine species)
}}
'''Pinaceae''' (the '''pine faimily''') are trees or shrubs, includin mony o the well-kent [[conifer]]s o commercial importance sic as [[Cedrus|cedars]], [[fir]]s, [[Tsuga|hemlock]]s, [[larch]]es, [[pine]]s an [[spruce]]s.

{{Automatic taxobox
| image = Collared Sparrowhawk kobble08.JPG
| image_caption = [[Collared sparraehawk]], [[Kobble Creek]] ([[Queensland, Australia]])
| taxon = Accipiter
| authority = [[Mathurin Jacques Brisson|Brisson]], 1760
| type_species = ''[[Accipiter gentilis]]''
| type_species_authority = [[Linnaeus]], 1758
| synonyms = ''Hieraspiza'' <small>Kaup, 1844</small>
}}

|birth_place = [[Gdańsk|Danzig]] (Gdańsk)
|death_date   = {{Death date and age|1860|9|21|1788|2|22|df=y}}
|death_place  = [[Frankfurt]], [[German Confederation]]
| nationality = [[German fowk|German]]
| residence   = [[Germany|Danzig, Hamburg an finally German Confederation]]
|work_institution = [[Varsity o Göttingen]], [[Varsity o Berlin]]
|school_tradition = [[Post-Kantian philosophie]]
|main_interests   = [[Metapheesics]], [[aesthetics]], [[ethics]], [[phenomenology (philosophie)|phenomenology]], [[morality]], [[psychology]]
|notable_ideas    = [[Will (philosophie)|Will]], [[Fowerfauld ruit o the sufficient principle o raison|Fowerfauld ruit o raison]], [[Hedgehog's dilemma]], [[philosophical pessimism]]
| influences       = [[Buddhism]]{{·}}[[Immanuel Kant|Kant]]{{·}}[[Plato]]{{·}}[[Upanishads]]
| influenced       = [[Samuel Beckett|Beckett]]{{·}}[[Jorge Luis Borges|Borges]]{{·}}[[Joseph Campbell|Campbell]]{{·}}[[Albert Einstein|Einstein]]{{·}}[[Sigmund Freud|Freud]]{{·}}[[John Gray (philosopher)|Gray]]<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/profiles/john-gray-forget-everything-you-know-641878.html |title=John Gray: Forget everything you know&nbsp;— Profiles, People |publisher=The Independent |date=3 September 2002 |accessdate=12 March 2010 |location=London |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100409072731/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/profiles/john-gray-forget-everything-you-know-641878.html |archivedate=2010-04-09 |deadurl=no |url-status=live }}</ref>{{·}}[[Max Horkheimer|Horkheimer]]{{·}}[[Carl Jung|Jung]]{{·}}[[Karl Kraus (writer)|Kraus]]{{·}}[[Thomas Mann|Mann]]{{·}}[[Karl Eugen Neumann|Neumann]]{{·}}[[Friedrich Nietzsche|Nietzsche]]{{·}}[[Gilbert Ryle|Ryle]]{{·}}[[George Santayana|Santayana]]{{·}}[[Erwin Schrödinger|Schrödinger]]{{·}}[[Leo Tolstoy|Tolstoy]]{{·}}[[Richard Wagner|Wagner]]{{·}}[[Otto Weininger|Weininger]]{{·}}[[Ludwig Wittgenstein|Wittgenstein]]{{·}}[[Peter Wessel Zapffe|Zapffe]]}}
'''Arthur Schopenhauer''' ({{IPA-de|ˈaʁtʊʁ ˈʃɔpənˌhaʊ̯ɐ|lang}}; 22 Februar 1788&nbsp;– 21 September 1860) wis a [[Germans|German]] [[philosopher]]. He is best kent for his 1818 wark ''[[The Warld as Will an Representation]]'' (wauxt in 1844), whaurin he chairacterises the [[Phenomenon|phenomenal]] warld as the product o a blinnd an stainchless [[Schopenhauer#The warld as will|metapheesical will]].<ref>{{cite book|title=Essays and Aphorisms|year=2004|publisher=Penguin Classics|isbn=978-0-14-044227-4|author=Arthur Schopenhauer|page=23}}</ref><ref>The Oxford Encyclopedic English Dictionary. 'Schopenhauer': Oxford University Press. 1991. p. 1298. {{ISBN|978-0-19-861248-3}}.</ref> Proceedin frae the [[transcendental idealism]] o [[Immanuel Kant]], Schopenhauer developit an [[atheistic]] metapheesical an ethical seestem that haes been descrived as an exemplar kythin o [[philosophical pessimism]],<ref>{{cite book|title=Essays and Aphorisms|year=2004|publisher=Penguin Classics|isbn=978-0-14-044227-4|author=Arthur Schopenhauer|pages=22–36|quote= …but there has been none who tried with so great a show of learning to demonstrate that the pessimistic outlook is ''justified'', that life itself is really bad. It is to this end that Schopenhauer’s metaphysic of will and idea exists.}}</ref><ref>''[http://librivox.org/studies-in-pessimism-by-arthur-schopenhauer/ Studies in Pessimism]'' – audiobeuk frae [[LibriVox]].</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Encyclopedia of Psychology and Religion, Volume 2|year=2009|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-0-387-71801-9|editor1=David A. Leeming |editor2=Kathryn Madden |editor3=Stanton Marlan |page=824|quote=A more accurate statement might be that for a German – rather than a French or British writer of that time – Schopenhauer was an honest and open atheist.}}<!--|accessdate=2 September 2012--></ref> rejectin the contemporaneous [[post-Kantian thocht|post-Kantian philosophies]] o [[German idealism]].<ref>Arthur Schopenhauer, The World as Will and Representation, Vol. 1, trans. E. Payne, (New York: Dover Publishing Inc., 1969), Vol. 2, Ch. 50.</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Schopenhauer, Philosophy and the Arts|year=2007|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-04406-6|editor=Dale Jacquette|page=162|quote=For Kant, the mathematical sublime, as seen for example in the starry heavens, suggests to imagination the infinite, which in turn leads by subtle turns of contemplation to the concept of God. Schopenhauer's atheism will have none of this, and he rightly observes that despite adopting Kant's distinction between the dynamical and mathematical sublime, his theory of the sublime, making reference to the struggles and sufferings of struggles and sufferings of Will, is unlike Kant's.}}<!--|accessdate=2 September 2012--></ref> Schopenhauer wis amang the first thinkers in [[Wastren philosophie]] tae skare an affirm signeeficant tenets o [[Eastren philosophie]] (e.g., [[asceticism]], the warld-as-[[appearance (philosophie)|appearance]]), haein ineetially arrived at seemilar conclusions as the eftercast o his ain philosophical wark.<ref>See the beuk-lenth study aboot oriental influences on the genesis o Schopenhauer's philosophie bi [[Urs App]]: ''Schopenhauer's Compass. An Introduction to Schopenhauer's Philosophy and its Origins''. Wil: UniversityMedia, 2014 ({{ISBN|978-3-906000-03-9}})</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=An Introduction to the History of Psychology|edition=6th|year=2009|publisher=Cengage Learning|isbn=978-0-495-50621-8|last=Hergenhahn |first=B. R.|page=216|quote=Although Schopenhauer was an atheist, he realized that his philosophy of denial had been part of several great religions; for example, Christianity, Hinduism, and Buddhism.}}<!--|accessdate=2 September 2012--></ref>

instead -->
| type                    = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment]]
| image_skyline           = 
| image_alt               = 
| image_caption           = 
| image_flag              = Flag of Eure.svg
| flag_alt                = 
| image_shield            = Blason département fr Eure.svg
| shield_alt              = 
| nickname                = 
| motto                   = 
| image_map               = Eure-Position.svg
| map_alt                 = 
| map_caption             = Location o Eure in Fraunce
| pushpin_map             = 
| pushpin_label_position  = 
| pushpin_map_alt         = 
| pushpin_map_caption     = 
| coordinates             = {{coord|49|5|N|1|0|E|region:FR_type:adm2nd_scale:1000000|display=inline,title}}
| coor_pinpoint           = 
| coordinates_footnotes   = 
| subdivision_type        = [[Leet o sovereign states|Kintra]]
| subdivision_name        = [[Fraunce]]
| subdivision_type1       = [[Regions o Fraunce|Region]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[Normandy]]
| established_title       = 
| established_date        = 
| founder                 = 
| seat_type               = [[Prefecturs in Fraunce|Prefectur]]
| seat                    = [[Évreux]]
| parts_type              = [[Subprefecturs in Fraunce|Subprefecturs]]
| parts_style             = para
| p1                      = [[Les Andelys]]<br>[[Bernay, Eure|Bernay]]
| government_footnotes    = 
| leader_party            = [[Socialist Pairty (Fraunce)|PS]]
| leader_title            = [[Preses o the general cooncil|Preses o the General Cooncil]]
| leader_name             = [[Jean-Louis Destans]]
| unit_pref               = Metric<!-- or US or UK -->
| area_magnitude          = 
| area_footnotes          = {{ref|area|1}}
| area_total_km2          = 6040
| area_note               = 
| elevation_footnotes     = 
| elevation_m             = 
| elevation_min_m         = 
| elevation_max_m         = 
| population_footnotes    = 
| population_total        = 541054
| population_as_of        = 1999
| population_rank         = [[Leet o French depairtments bi population|44t]]
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_demonym      = 
| population_note         = 
| blank_name_sec1         = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment nummer]]
| blank_info_sec1         = 27
| blank_name_sec2         = [[Arrondissements o Fraunce|Arrondissements]]
| blank_info_sec2         = [[arrondissements o the Eure depairtment|3]]
| blank1_name_sec2        = [[Cantons in Fraunce|Cantons]]
| blank1_info_sec2        = [[cantons of the Eure depairtment|23]]
| blank2_name_sec2        = [[Communes in Fraunce|Communes]]
| blank2_info_sec2        = [[communes of the Eure depairtment|675]]
| timezone1               = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset1             = +1
| timezone1_DST           = [[Central European Simmer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset1_DST         = +2
| postal_code_type        = 
| postal_code             = 
| area_code_type          = 
| area_code               = 
| iso_code                = 
| website                 = 
| footnotes               = {{note|area|1}} French Land Register data, which exclude [[estuary|estuaries]], an lochs, ponds, an glaciers laurger nor 1 km<sup>2</sup>
}}
'''Eure''' ({{IPA-fr|œʁ}}) is a [[depairtments o Fraunce|department]] in the north o [[Fraunce]] named efter the river [[Eure (river)|Eure]].

| birth_place      = [[Roum]]
| death_date       = {{death date and age|180|3|17|121|4|26|df=y}}
| death_place      = [[Vindobona]] or [[Sirmium]]
| place of burial  = [[Castel Sant'Angelo|Hadrian's Mausoleum]]
|}}
'''Marcus Aurelius''' ({{IPAc-en|ɔː|ˈ|r|iː|l|i|ə|s}}; {{lang-la|Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Augustus}};<ref>In [[Clessical Laitin]], Aurelius' name would be inscribed as MARCVS AVRELIVS ANTONINVS AVGVSTVS.</ref>{{#tag:ref|He wis originally named Marcus Annius Catilius Severus (or perhaps Marcus Catilius Severus).<ref>Dio 69.21.1; ''HA Marcus'' 1.9; McLynn, 24.</ref> When he married he teuk the name Marcus Annius Verus,<ref>Dio 69.21.1; ''HA Marcus'' 1.10; McLynn, 24.</ref> an when he wis named emperor, he wis given the name Marcus Aurelius Antoninus.|group=notes}} 26 Aprile 121 AD – 17 Mairch 180 AD) wis a [[Roman Emperor]] frae 161 tae 180. He ruled wi [[Lucius Verus]] as co-emperor frae 161 till Verus' daith in 169. He wis the last o the [[Nerva–Antonine dynasty#Five Guid Emperors|Five Guid Emperors]], an is an aa considered ane o the maist important [[stoicism|Stoic]] philosophers.

typeface, based on the letter forms o capitalis monumentalis or [[Roman square caipitals]], as uised for the inscription at the base o [[Trajan's Column]] frae which the typeface taks its name]]
'''Typografie''' (frae the [[Greek leid|Greek]] wirds τύπος ''typos'' "form" an γράφειν ''graphein'' "tae write") is the airt an technique o [[typesettin|arrangin type]] tae mak [[written leid]] maist appealin tae learnin an recogneetion.

{{Italic title}}
{{speciesbox
|name = 
|image = (MHNT) Cruciata laevipes - Inflorescence.jpg
|image_caption = ''Cruciata laevipes''
|taxon = Cruciata laevipes
|authority = [[Philipp Maximilian Opiz|Opiz]]
|synonyms_ref = <ref name="reneepappini">[http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/namedetail.do?name_id=51752 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families ''Cruciata laevipes'']</ref>
|synonyms = *''Valantia cruciata'' <small>L.</small>
*''Galium cruciata'' <small>(L.) Scop.</small>
*''Galium cruciata'' var. ''laevipes'' <small>(Opiz) W.D.J.Koch</small>
*''Rubia cruciata'' <small>(L.) Baill.</small>
*''Valantia hirsuta'' <small>Gilib.</small>
*''Aparine latifolia'' <small>Moench</small>
*''Galium valantia'' <small>G.Gaertn., B.Mey. & Scherb.</small>
*''Valantia ciliata'' <small>Opiz ex J.Presl & C.Presl</small>
*''Galium glabrifolium'' <small>Rochel</small>
*''Galium cruciata'' var. ''mucronata'' <small>Peterm.</small>
*''Cruciata ciliata'' <small>Opiz</small>
*''Cruciata hirsuta'' <small>Fourr.</small>
*''Galium luteocruciatum'' <small>St.-Lag.</small>
*''Valantia crucialis'' <small>Bubani</small>
}}
'''''Cruciata laevipes''''' is a [[speshies]] o [[flouerin plant]] in the [[Faimily (biology)|faimily]] [[Rubiaceae]].

'''Rhyolite''' is an [[igneous rock|igneous]], [[volcanic rock]], o [[felsic]] ([[silica]]-rich) composeetion (teepically > 69% SiO<sub>2</sub>—see the [[TAS classification]]). It mey hae ony texture frae [[glassy]] tae [[aphanitic]] tae [[porphyritic]]. The [[mineral]] assemblage is uisually [[quartz]], [[alkali feldspar]] an [[plagioclase]] (in a ratio > 1:2—see the [[QAPF diagram]]). [[Biotite]] an [[hornblende]] are common accessory minerals.

'''Abkhazia''' IPA: /æbˈkeɪʒə/ or /æbˈkɑziə/ ([[Abkhaz leid|Abkhaz]]: ''Аҧсны Apsny'', [[Georgie leid|Georgie]]: ''აფხაზეთი Apkhazeti'', or ''Abkhazeti'', [[Roushie leid|Roushie]]: ''Абха́зия Abhazia'') is a "de facto" independent republic situate on the east coast o the [[Black Sea]].

{{Speciesbox
|image = Flower April 2011-3.jpg
|taxon = Argyranthemum frutescens
|authority = ([[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]) [[Sch.Bip.]]
|synonyms_ref=<ref name=h>[http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/gcc-38385 The Plant List ''Argyranthemum frutescens'' (L.) Sch.Bip. ]</ref>
|synonyms = {{collapsible list|bullets = true
|title=<small>Synonymy</small>
|''Anthemis frutescens'' <small>Voss</small>
|''Chrysanthemum floridum'' <small>Salisb.</small>
|''Chrysanthemum foliosum'' <small>Brouss. ex DC.</small>
|''Chrysanthemum frutescens'' <small>L.</small>
|''Chrysanthemum fruticosum'' <small>Buch</small>
|''Matricaria frutescens'' <small>Desr</small>
|''Pyrethrum frutescens'' <small>(L.) Gaertn.</small>
|''Pyrethrum frutescens'' <small>(L.) Willd.</small>
}}}}
'''''Argyranthemum frutescens''''', kent as '''Peggie birlie''' or '''white gowan''', is a perennial [[plant]] kent for its flouers.

'''Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald''' is a [[Destricts o Germany|destrict]] (''Kreis'') in the sooth o [[Baden-Württemberg]], [[Germany]]. Neebourin destricts are [[Emmendingen (destrict)|Emmendingen]], [[Schwarzwald-Baar]], [[Waldshut (destrict)|Waldshut]], [[Lörrach (destrict)|Lörrach]] an the [[Fraunce|French]] ''[[département]]s'' o the [[Haut-Rhin]] an the [[Bas-Rhin]]. The destrict-free ceety o [[Freiburg]] is surroondit bi the destrict. The destrict is namit efter the [[Breisgau]], a historical territory, an the heich pairts o the [[Black Forest]] (''Hochschwarzwald'').

'''Leeteratur''' is leiterally "an acquent wi [[letter]]s" (frae the [[Latin leid|Latin]] ''littera'' meanin "the ae written chairacter ([[letter]])"). The term haes maistly come til identifee a collection o [[text]]s. The wird "leeteratur" as a common noon can refer til onie kin o writin, sic as essays; "Leeteratur" as a proper noon refers til a hail bodie o leiterar wark, global or anent the ae cultur. Monie a time there's confusion on the actual defineition o leeteratur an Leeteratur. The wird "leeteratur" can be baith singular an plural, juist like "Literatur". Sayin that, "leeteraturs" is plural forby. Houaniver "Leeteratur", wi emphasis on uppercase L, is a subset o the mair wide-reengin "leeteratur". "Leeteratur" is uised for onie written wark o byordinar intellectual calibre, whiles "leeteratur" can be oniething written. Sae, ''[[War and Peace]]'' bi [[Leo Tolstoy|Tolstoy]] is "Leeteratur" (singular) as weel as "leeteratur" (singular), but [[Charles Dickens]]'s wark is pairt o "Leeteratur" (plural) as weel as "leeteratur" (plural). Mairanower a [[Harry Potter]] novel will be thocht on as "leeteratur" (singular) but nae as "Leeteratur" (singular) sith maist fowk wadna deem the beuks as intellectual or meaninfu eneuch at an academic level. Likewice the Harry Potter collection bi [[J. K. Rowling]] will be thocht on as "leeteratur" (plural) but nae as "Leeteratur" (plural). What is intellectual an meaninfu is subjective an aften controversial or dubious, but it daesna interfere wi the defineition abuin.
{{authority control}}
{{Commonscat|Literature}}

The '''New York Stock Exchynge''' ({{lang-en|New York Stock Exchange}}, ''NYSE'') is the lairgest stock excambion in the warld, althou it's tradin bouk wis owregaed bi that o [[NASDAQ]] in throu the 1990s. Tot mercat capitalisation o the NYSE is five tymes that o NASDAQ. The NYSE is nou a for-fore ploy syne mellin wi the fully electronic stock excambion Archipelago Exchange in late [[Aprile]] [[2005]]. New York Stock Exchange, Inc haes its heid biggin situate at 18 Broad Street, at the neuk o [[Wall Street]], on the sooth side o Wall Street, in [[New York Ceety]], [[Unitit States]].
{{Commonscat|New York Stock Exchange}}

'''Fascism''' is a [[Poleetical radicalism|radical]] [[Authoritarianism|authoritarian]] [[Naitionalism|naitionalist]] poleetical [[ideology]].<ref>Turner, Henry Ashby, ''Reappraisals of Fascism''. New Viewpoints, 1975. p. 162. States fascism's "goals of radical and authoritarian nationalism".</ref><ref>Larsen, Stein Ugelvik, Bernt Hagtvet and Jan Petter Myklebust, ''Who were the Fascists: Social Roots of European Fascism'', p. 424, "organized form of integrative radical nationalist authoritarianism"</ref> Fascists seek tae rejuvenate thair [[naition]] based on commitment tae the naitional community as an organic entity, in which individuals are bund thegither in [[naitional identity]] bi suprapersonal connections o [[ancestry]], [[cultur]], an [[Heredity|bluid]].<ref name="Blamires, Cyprian 2006 pp. 140-141">Blamires, Cyprian, ''World Fascism: a Historical Encyclopedia, Volume 1'' (Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO, Inc., 2006) pp. 140-141.</ref> Tae achieve this, fascists purge forces, ideas, fowk, an seestems deemed tae be the cause o [[decadence]] an [[degeneration]].<ref name="Blamires, Cyprian 2006 pp. 140-141"/> Fascists advocate the creation o a [[Totalitarianism|totalitarian]] [[single-pairty state]] that seeks the mass mobilization o a naition throu [[indoctrination]], [[pheesical education]], [[discipline]] an faimily policy (sic as [[eugenics]]).<ref name=gj120>Grčić, Joseph. ''Ethics and Political Theory'' (Lanham, Maryland: University of America, Inc, 2000) p. 120</ref><ref>Blamires, Cyprian, ''World Fascism: a Historical Encyclopedia, Volume 1'' (Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO, Inc., 2006) p. 670.</ref> That state is led bi a [[supreme leader]] who exercises a [[dictatorship]] ower the fascist muivement, the government an ither state institutions.<ref>Bhushan, Vidya, ''Comparative Politics'', 3rd ed. (New Delhi, India: Atlantic Publishers, 2006) p. 208.</ref> Fascist governments forbid an suppress opposition.<ref>Kent, Allen, Harold Lancour and William Z. Nasri, ''Encyclopedia of Library and Information Science: Volume 62, Supplement 25, Automated Discourse Generation to the User-Centered Revolution: 1970–1995.'' (CRC Press, 1998) ISBN 978-0-8247-2062-9, p. 69.</ref>

| coor_pinpoint           = Dispur
| coordinates_footnotes   =
| subdivision_type        = Kintra
| subdivision_name        = {{flag|Indie}}
| subdivision_type1       = [[Regions o Indie|Region]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[Northeast Indie]]
| established_title       = Established
| established_date        = {{Start date and years ago|df=yes|1947|8|15}}
| parts_type              = [[Leet o Indie destricts|Districts]]
| parts_style             = para
| p1                      = 27
| seat_type               = Caipital
| seat                    = [[Dispur]]
| seat1_type              = Lairgest ceety
| seat1                   = [[Guwahati]]
| government_footnotes    = {{ref|leg|[*]}}
| leader_title            = [[Govrenors o Assam|Govrenor]]
| leader_name             = [[Janaki Ballabh Patnaik|J B Patnaik]]
| leader_title1           = [[Chief Meenisters o Assam|Chief&nbsp;Meenister]]
| leader_name1            = [[Tarun Gogoi]] ([[Indie Naitional Congress|INC]])
| leader_title2           = [[Legislatur o Assam|Legislature]]
| leader_name2            = [[Unicameral]] (126 seats)
| leader_title3           = [[14t Lok Sabha|Pairlamentar constituency]]
| leader_name3            = 14
| leader_title4           = [[Heich Courts o Indie|Heich Court]]
| leader_name4            = [[Gauhati Heich Court]]
| unit_pref               = Metric<!-- or US or UK -->
| area_footnotes          =
| area_total_km2          = 78550
| area_note               =
| area_rank               = 16th
| elevation_footnotes     =
| elevation_m             =
| population_footnotes    =
| population_total        = 31169272
| population_as_of        = 2011
| population_rank         = 14t
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_note         =
| timezone1               = [[Indie Staundart Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1             = +05:30
| iso_code                = [[ISO 3166-2:IN|IN-AS]]
| blank_name_sec1         = [[Human Development Index|HDI]]
| blank_info_sec1         = {{increase}} 0.534 (middlin)
| blank1_name_sec1        = HDI rank
| blank1_info_sec1        = 22nd (2005)
| blank_name_sec2         = [[Leeteracy in Indie|Leeteracy]]
| blank_info_sec2         = 73.18% (26t)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.census2011.co.in/census/state/assam.html |title=Assam Population Sex Ratio in Assam Literacy rate data |publisher=Census2011.co.in |date= |accessdate=2012-09-22}}</ref>
| blank1_name_sec2        = Offeecial leids
| blank1_info_sec2        =  [[Assamese leid|Assamese]],<br/> [[Bengali leid|Bengali]] ''{{nowrap|(in [[Barak Glen]])}}'',<br/> [[Bodo leid|Bodo]] ''{{nowrap|(in [[Bodoland Territorial Aurie Destricts|Bodoland]])}}''
| website                 = [http://assam.gov.in/ assam.gov.in]
| footnotes               = {{note|leg|[*]}} Assam haes haed a legislatur syne 1937
{{note|leg|[*]}} Assam is ane o the oreeginal provinces o Breetish Indie
}}

|birth_place = [[Geneva]], [[Canton o Geneva#History|Republic o Geneva]]
|death_date  = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1778|7|2|1712|6|28}}
|death_place = [[Ermenonville]], [[Kinrick o Fraunce]]
|school_tradition = [[Social contract theory]]<br>[[Romanticism]]
|main_interests = [[Poleetical philosophy]], muisic,<br> eddication, leeteratur,<br> autobiografie
|signature=
|influences = [[Aristotle]], [[Niccolò Machiavelli]],<br> [[Michel De Montaigne]], [[Hugo Grotius]],<br> [[Samuel von Pufendorf]], [[Thomas Hobbes]],<br> [[John Locke]], [[Jean Barbeyrac]],<br> [[Jean-Jacques Burlamaqui]], [[Denis Diderot]]
|influenced = [[Immanuel Kant|Kant]], [[The French Revolution]],<br> [[Robespierre]], [[Louis de Saint-Just]],<br> [[The Counter-Enlightenment]],<br> [[Johann Gottlieb Fichte|Fichte]], [[Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel|Hegel]], [[Johann Wolfgang von Goethe|Goethe]],<br> [[Alexis de Tocqueville]], [[Friedrich Nietzsche]],<br> [[Romanticism]], [[Thomas Paine|Paine]],<br> [[Auguste Comte|Comte]], [[Simón Bolívar|Bolívar]], [[Karl Marx|Marx]],<br> [[Friedrich Engels|Engels]], [[Jacques Derrida|Derrida]], [[Paul de Man]],<br> [[Benedetto Croce]], [[Galvano Della Volpe]],<br> [[Claude Lévi-Strauss]], [[Leo Strauss]],<br> [[Mary Shelley]], [[Émile Durkheim]],<br> [[Mikhail Bakunin]], [[Maria Montessori]],<br> [[Leo Tolstoy]], [[John Rawls]],<br> [[Juan José Castelli]], [[Mustafa Kemal Atatürk]]<br>
|notable_ideas = [[General will]], [[amour-propre]],<br> [[Human natur#State o natur|moral simplicity o humanity]],<br> [[child-centered learnin]],<br> [[ceevil releegion]], [[popular sovereignty]],<br> [[positive leeberty]]
}}

{{Year dab|1919}}
{{Year nav|1919}}
Year '''1919''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MCMXIX]]''') wis a [[common year stairtin on Wadensday]] (airtin will display the full calendar) o the [[Gregorian calendar]] an a [[common year stairtin on Tysday]] o the 13-day-slower [[Julian calendar]].

'''Setturday''' is the [[day]] o the [[week]] atween [[Friday]] an [[Sunday]]. Its name is the anerly yin amang the names o days thit comes fae the Roman god Saturn, while the ither sax names is derived fae [[Saxon]] gods.<ref>{{Cite web|last=published|first=Robert Coolman|date=2014-05-07|title=Keeping Time: Origins of the Days of the Week|url=https://www.livescience.com/45432-days-of-the-week.html|access-date=2023-01-23|website=livescience.com|language=en}}</ref>

| birth_place        = [[Vancouver]], [[British Columbia]], Canada
| death_date         = {{Death date and age|mf=yes|2005|7|20|1920|3|3}}
| death_place        = [[Redmond, Washington]], U.S.
| resting_place      = [[Puget Sound]], Washington
| education          = 
| alma_mater         = [[Neighborhood Playhouse]]
| television         = ''[[Star Trek]]''
| known_for          = [[Scotty (Star Trek)|Montgomery "Scotty" Scott]]
| other_names        = Jimmy Doohan
| occupation         = {{hlist|Actor|vyce artist|writer}}
| years_active       = 1952–2005
| spouse             = {{ubl
  | {{marriage|Janet Young|1949|1964|end=div}}
  | {{marriage|Anita Yagel|1967|1972|end=div}}
  | {{marriage|Wende Braunberger|1974}}
  }}
| children           = 7, includin [[Chris Doohan]]
| website            = 
}}
'''James Montgomery Doohan''' (Mairch 3, 1920 – July 20, 2005) wis a Canadian actor, vyce actor, author an sodger best kent fur playin the chairacter [[Scotty (Star Trek)|Montgomery "Scotty" Scott]] in the televeision an fillum series [[Star Trek]].
Doohan's characterisation o the Scottish [[Chief Engineer]] o the [[Starship Enterprise|Starship ''Enterprise'']] wis ane o the maist kenspeckle elements in the ''Star Trek'' franchise, an inspired mony fans tae gang intae the engineerin an ither technical fields.<ref name=bbc050720>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/1493093.stm|title=Obituary: James Doohan|work=[[BBC News]]|date=July 20, 2005|access-date=April 29, 2007}}</ref> He forby makkit contributions ahint the scenes, like the initial development o the [[Klingon language|Klingon]] and [[Vulcan language|Vulcan]] languages.

</ref>
|introduced = Approx. 10t century BC (earliest written records)<ref name="encarta">{{cite encyclopedia|url=http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761563182/Tea.html|title=Tea|publisher=[[Encarta]]|accessdate=23 July 2008|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080308234307/http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761563182/Tea.html|archivedate=2008-03-08|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|color =
}}
'''Tea''' is a caffeine-conteenin drink, an infusion makkit bi steepin the kistit <!-- boxed? --> [[leafs]] or the wee [[flouers]] o the [[buss]] ''[[Camellia sinensis]]'' in het watter for a few meenits. Forby, tea micht include ither [[yerb]]s, spices, or fruit gusts.

In [[human anatomy]], the '''perineum''' ({{IPAc-en|p|ɛr|ə|ˈ|n|iː|əm}};<ref>''[[OED]]'' 2nd edition, 1989 as {{IPA|/pɛrɪˈniːəm/}} and {{IPA|/pɛrɪˈniːəl/}}.</ref> Late Laitin, frae [[Greek leid|Greek]] περίνεος - ''perineos''<ref>[http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3Dperi%2Fneos περίνεος], Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, ''A Greek-English Lexicon'', on Perseus</ref>) is a region o the body includin the perineal {{IPAc-en|p|ɛr|ə|ˈ|n|iː|əl}} body an surroondin structurs. Thare is some variability in hou the boondaries are defined.<ref name="Терминологий1998">{{cite book|author=Федеративе Коммиттее он Анатомикал Терминологий|title=Terminologia anatomica: international anatomical terminology|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UnMBKPalTeoC&pg=PA268|accessdate=25 August 2010|year=1998|publisher=Thieme|isbn=978-3-13-114361-7|pages=268–}}</ref> Accordin tae some definitions, in females it is locatit atween the vagina an anus an in males atween the scrotum an anus.

{{fixscots|date=Februar 2021}}

{{Coord|10|S|76|W|display=title}}

instead -->
| type                    = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment]]
| image_skyline           = Prefecture-Region-Poitiers-86.jpg
| image_alt               =
| image_caption           = [[Prefecturs in Fraunce|Prefectur]] biggin o the Vienne depairtment, in Poitiers
| image_flag              =
| flag_alt                =
| image_shield            = Blason_département_fr_Vienne.svg
| shield_alt              =
| nickname                =
| motto                   =
| image_map               = Vienne-Position.svg
| map_alt                 =
| map_caption             = Location o Vienne in Fraunce
| pushpin_map             =
| pushpin_label_position  =
| pushpin_map_alt         =
| pushpin_map_caption     =
| coordinates             = {{coord|46|30|N|00|30|E|region:FR_type:adm2nd_scale:2000000_source:frwiki|display=inline,title}}
| coor_pinpoint           =
| coordinates_footnotes   =
| subdivision_type        = [[Leet o sovereign states|Kintra]]
| subdivision_name        = [[Fraunce]]
| subdivision_type1       = [[Regions o Fraunce|Region]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[Poitou-Charentes]]
| established_title       =
| established_date        =
| founder                 =
| seat_type               = [[Prefecturs in Fraunce|Prefectur]]
| seat                    = [[Poitiers]]
| parts_type              = [[Subprefecturs in Fraunce|Subprefecturs]]
| parts_style             = para
| p1                      = [[Châtellerault]]<br>[[Montmorillon]]
| government_footnotes    =
| leader_party            =
| leader_title            = [[Preses o the general cooncil|Preses o the General Cooncil]]
| leader_name             = [[Claude Bertaud]]
| unit_pref               = Metric<!-- or US or UK -->
| area_magnitude          =
| area_footnotes          = {{ref|area|1}}
| area_total_km2          = 6990
| area_note               =
| elevation_footnotes     =
| elevation_m             =
| elevation_min_m         =
| elevation_max_m         =
| population_footnotes    =
| population_total        = 421891
| population_as_of        = 2007
| population_rank         = [[Leet o French depairtments bi population|56t]]
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_demonym      =
| population_note         =
| blank_name_sec1         = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment nummer]]
| blank_info_sec1         = 86
| blank_name_sec2         = [[Arrondissements o Fraunce|Arrondissements]]
| blank_info_sec2         = [[arrondissements o the Vienne depairtment|3]]
| blank1_name_sec2        = [[Cantons in Fraunce|Cantons]]
| blank1_info_sec2        = [[cantons o the Vienne depairtment|19]]
| blank2_name_sec2        = [[Communes in Fraunce|Communes]]
| blank2_info_sec2        = [[communes o the Vienne depairtment|281]]
| timezone1               = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset1             = +1
| timezone1_DST           = [[Central European Simmer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset1_DST         = +2
| postal_code_type        =
| postal_code             =
| area_code_type          =
| area_code               =
| iso_code                =
| website                 =
| footnotes               = {{note|area|1}} French Land Register data, which exclude [[estuary|estuaries]], an lochs, ponds, an glaciers lairger nor 1 km<sup>2</sup>
}}
'''Vienne''' ({{IPA-fr|vjɛn}}) is a [[Depairtments o Fraunce|depairtment]] in the [[Poitou-Charentes]] [[Regions o Fraunce|region]] o [[Fraunce]] named efter the river [[Vienne (river)|Vienne]].

{{Automatic taxobox
| fossil_range = {{fossil range|80|0}}[[Late Cretaceous]] – Recent
| image = Haeckel Orchidae.jpg
| image_caption = Colour plate frae [[Ernst Haeckel]]'s ''{{lang|de|[[Kunstformen der Natur]]}}'', 1906
| taxon = Orchidaceae
| authority = [[Antoine Laurent de Jussieu|Juss.]]<ref name=APGIII2009>{{Cite journal |last=Angiosperm Phylogeny Group |year=2009 |title=An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III |journal=Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=161 |issue=2 |pages=105–121 |url=http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122630309/abstract |archive-url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20170525104318/http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x/abstract |dead-url=yes |archive-date=25 May 2017 |format=PDF |accessdate=26 June 2013 |doi=10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x }} {{Cite web |url=http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x/abstract |title=Archived copy |access-date=2019-07-17 |archive-date=2017-05-25 |archive-url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20170525104318/http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x/abstract |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref>
| type_genus = ''[[Orchis]]''
| type_genus_authority = [[Tourn.]] ''ex'' [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]
| subdivision_ranks = Subfaimilies
| subdivision =
* [[Apostasioideae]] <small>Horaninov</small>
* [[Cypripedioideae]] <small>Kosteletzky</small>
* [[Epidendroideae]] <small>Kosteletzky</small>
* [[Orchidoideae]] <small>Eaton</small>
* [[Vanilloideae]] <small>Szlachetko</small>
| range_map = Orchidaceae.png
| range_map_caption = Distribution range o faimily Orchidaceae
}}
'''Orchidaceae''' is a diverse an widespread  [[faimily (biology)|faimily]] o flouerin plants wi blooms that are eften colourfu an eften fragrant, commonly kent as the '''orchid faimily'''. Alang wi the [[Asteraceae]], thay are ane o the twa lairgest faimilies o flouerin plants, wi atween 21,950 an 26,049 currently acceptit [[species]], foond in 880 [[genus|genera]].<ref name="Stevens">{{cite web |author=P. F. Stevens |date=2001 onwards |title=Angiosperm Phylogeny Website Version 9 |date=June 2008 |url=http://www.mobot.org/mobot/research/apweb/welcome.html |publisher=[[Missouri Botanical Garden]] |accessdate=26 May 2013}}</ref><ref name=WCSP>{{cite web|url=http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/|title=WCSP |work= World Checklist of Selected Plant Families|accessdate=2010}}</ref> Selecting which of the two families is larger is still under debate, as concrete numbers on such enormous families are constantly in flux. Regardless, the nummer o orchid species equals mair nor twice the nummer o [[bird]] species, an aboot fower times the nummer o [[mammal]] species. The faimily an aa encompasses aboot 6–11% o aw [[seed plants]].<ref>{{cite journal |author=Yohan Pillon & Mark W. Chase |year=2007 |title=Taxonomic exaggeration and its effects on orchid conservation |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_conservation-biology_2007-02_21_1/page/263 |journal=[[Conservation Biology (journal)|Conservation Biology]] |volume=21 |issue=1 |pages=263–265 |doi=10.1111/j.1523-1739.2006.00573.x |pmid=17298532}}</ref> The lairgest genera are ''[[Bulbophyllum]]'' (2,000 species), ''[[Epidendrum]]'' (1,500 species), ''[[Dendrobium]]'' (1,400 species) an ''[[Pleurothallis]]'' (1,000 species).

'''{{Audio|zh-Jiangsu.ogg|Jiangsu}}''' ({{zh|s=[[wikt:江苏|江苏]]|t=江[[wikt:蘇|蘇]]|p=Jiāngsū |w=Chiang-su}}; [[Chinese Postal Map Romanization|Postal map spellin]]: ''Kiangsu'') is an [[East Cheenae|eastern]] coastal [[Provinces o the Fowkrepublic o Cheenae|province]] o the [[Fowkrepublic o Cheenae]]. The name comes frae ''jiang'', short for the ceety o Jiangning (nou [[Nanjing]]), an ''su'', for the ceety o [[Suzhou]]. The abbreviation for this province is "[[wikt:苏|苏]]" (sū), the seicont character o its name.<ref>{{zh icon}} [http://www.people.com.cn/GB/shenghuo/1090/2435218.html Origin of the Names of China's Provinces] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160427100058/http://www.people.com.cn/GB/shenghuo/1090/2435218.html |date=2016-04-27 }}, [[People's Daily Online]].</ref>  It is the province wi the heichest population density in Cheenae, though the provincial-level municipalities o [[Shanghai]], [[Beijing]], an [[Tianjin]] hae a heicher density.

("The wirk o justice [shall be] peace" [Is. 32: 17])
|birth_name       = Eugenio Maria Giuseppe Giovanni Pacelli
|term_start       = 2 Mairch 1939
|term_end         = 9 October 1958
|predecessor      = [[Pape Pius XI|Pius XI]]
|successor        = [[Pape John XXIII|John XXIII]]
|ordination       = 2 Aprile 1899
|ordinated_by     = 
|consecration     = 13 Mey 1917
|consecrated_by   = [[Pape Benedict XV]]
|cardinal         = 16 December 1929
|created_cardinal_by = [[Pape Pius XI]]
|birth_date       = {{Birth date|1876|3|2|df=y}}
|birth_place      = [[Roum]], [[Kinrick o Italy (1861–1946)|Kinrick o Italy]]
|dead             = dead
|death_date       = {{death date and age|1958|10|9|1876|3|2|df=y}}
|death_place      = [[Castel Gandolfo]], [[Italy]]
|previous_post    = {{unbulleted list|[[Section for Relations wi States (Roman Curia)|Pro-Secretar o the Congregation for Extraordinar Ecclesiastical Affairs]] (1912–1914)|Secretar o the Congregation for Extraordinar Ecclesiastical Affairs (1914–1917)|Apostolic Nuncio tae Germany (1917–1930)|[[Santi Giovanni e Paolo, Roum|Cardinal-Priest o Santi Giovanni e Paolo]] (1929–1939)|[[St. Peter's Basilica|Airchpriest o Saunt Peter's Basilica]] (1930–1939)|[[Apostolic Chamber|Camerlengo o the Apostolic Chamber]] (1935–1939)}}
|signature        = Signature of Pope Pius XII.svg
|other            = Pius
<!---------- Sainthood ---------->
| feast_day        = 
| venerated        = 
| saint_title      = Venerable
| beatified_date   = 
| beatified_place  = 
| beatified_by     = 
| canonized_date   = 
| canonized_place  = 
| canonized_by     = 
| attributes       = 
| patronage        = 
| shrine           = 
| suppressed_date  = 
}}
'''Pape Pius XII''', born '''Eugenio Maria Giuseppe Giovanni Pacelli''' ({{IPA-it|euˈdʒɛnjo maˈria dʒuˈzɛppe dʒoˈvanni paˈtʃɛlli}}; 2 Mairch 1876&nbsp;– 9 October 1958), wis the [[Pape|heid]] o the [[Roman Catholic Kirk|Roman Catholic Church]]  frae 2 Mairch 1939 tae his daith in 1958. He is the maist recent pape tae tak the pontifical name o "Pius" upon his election. His pontificate coincided wi the [[Seicont Warld War]] an the commencement o the [[Cauld War]].

'''Steading''' (alsae cryed steadin, stedding, steeding an stidden) is the name gien tae biggins on a [[ferm]] uised in sindry weys, gif for beast, vehicles, machinery, craps, or a fermhouse.<ref>https://www.dsl.ac.uk/entry/snd/steading</ref> Historically a steading wis kent as a fermtoun.<ref>https://scotsroots.wordpress.com/tag/ferm-touns/</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://sites.scran.ac.uk/kestrel3d/settlements/settlements.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2020-09-14 |archive-date=2021-01-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210117192550/https://sites.scran.ac.uk/kestrel3d/settlements/settlements.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>

{{Other uses}}

{{Year dab|1869}}
{{Year nav|1869}}
{{C19 year in topic}}
'''1869''' is a year o the Gregorian Calendar.

The '''Abernethy biscuit''' wis foremaist makkit by doctor John Abernethy<ref>{{Cite book|last=Davidson|first=Alan|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/70775741|title=The Oxford companion to food|date=2006|publisher=Oxford University Press|others=Tom Jaine|isbn=0-19-280681-5|edition=2nd ed|location=Oxford|pages=78|oclc=70775741}}</ref> in the 18t yearhunner<ref name=Rinsky>{{cite book |author1=Laura Halpin Rinsky|author2=Glenn Rinsky |title=The Pastry Chef's Companion: A Comprehensive Resource Guide for the Baking and Pastry Professional |url=https://archive.org/details/pastrychefscompa00rins|url-access=limited|publisher=John Wiley & Sons |location=Chichester |year=2009 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/pastrychefscompa00rins/page/n10 1] |isbn=0-470-00955-1 |oclc=173182689}}</ref> fur tae impruive disgeestion<ref>{{Cite web|title=Foods of England - Abernethy Biscuits|url=http://www.foodsofengland.co.uk/Abernethy_Biscuits.htm|access-date=2022-11-15|website=www.foodsofengland.co.uk}}</ref> an syne helpin halth.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Montagné|first=Prosper|url=http://archive.org/details/laroussegastrono00mont|title=Larousse gastronomique; the encyclopedia of food, wine & cookery|last2=Turgeon|first2=Charlotte|last3=Froud|first3=Nina|date=1961|publisher=New York, Crown Publishers|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-517-50333-1}}</ref> Ithir doctors hid makit disgeestion biscuits (Bath Oliver, Graham Cracker).<ref>{{Cite web|last=Foodie|first=The Old|title=The Surgeon's Biscuit.|url=http://www.theoldfoodie.com/2006/04/surgeons-biscuit.html|access-date=2022-11-15|language=en}}</ref>

An '''incel''' ({{lang-en|inceldom}}) is a person wioot prospects for mairiage an luve.<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-intersect/wp/2015/10/07/incels-4chan-and-the-beta-uprising-making-sense-of-one-of-the-internets-most-reviled-subcultures/?utm_term=.fb9cc57e1fd0</ref> Incels hawp that ower than a community, 'incel' is a lee circumstance. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-05-23|title=Incel|url=https://incels.wiki/w/Incel|access-date=2021-05-26|website=Incel Wiki|language=en}}</ref> Th' word incel is an sassenach stylization o' th' original acronym invcel, whilk meant involuntary celibate.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2018-08-29|title=The woman who founded the 'incel' movement|language=en-GB|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-45284455|access-date=2021-05-26}}</ref> Th' average size o' incel oriented communities varies a lot, ranging fae less than a hundred tae a'maist thoosans. 

{{fixscots|date=Dizember 2020}}

| subdivision_type1       = [[Constituent kintra]]
| subdivision_name1       = {{flag|Ingland}}
| subdivision_type2       = [[Regions o Ingland|Region]]
| subdivision_name2       = [[Wast Midlands (region)|Wast Midlands]]
| subdivision_type3       = [[Ceremonial coonties o Ingland|Ceremonial coonty]]
| subdivision_name3       = [[Wast Midlands (coonty)|Wast Midlands]]
| subdivision_type4       = Admeen HQ
| subdivision_name4       = Wolverhampton Civic Centre
| government_type         = [[Metropolitan borough]]
| leader_title            = Govrenin body
| leader_name             = Wolverhampton Ceety Cooncil
| leader_name1            = [[Rob Marris]] ([[Labour Pairty (UK)|L]])<br />[[Pat McFadden (Breetish politeecian)|Pat McFadden]] ([[Labour Pairty (UK)|L]])<br />[[Ken Purchase]] ([[Labour Pairty (UK)|L]])
| established_title       = Foondit
| established_date        = 985
| founder                 = [[Wulfrun]]
| named_for               = [[Wulfrun]]
| area_total_km2          = 69.44
| coordinates             = {{coord|52|35|N|2|08|W|region:GB|display=inline}}
| population_as_of        = 2006 est.
| population_total        = {{EnglishDistrictPopulation|ONS=00CW}} ([[List of English districts by population|Ranked {{EnglishDistrictRank|ONS=00CW}}]])
| population_density_km2  = 3407
| population_blank1_title = [[Wast Midlands conurbation|Conurbation]]
| population_blank1_name  = 2,284,903
| population_blank2_title = Ethnicity<br><small>(United Kingdom Estimate 2005)</small><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadTableView.do?a=3&b=276806&c=wolverhampton&d=13&e=13&g=378049&i=1001x1003x1004&m=0&r=1&s=1206389717666&enc=1&dsFamilyId=1812 |title=Resident Population Estimates by Ethnic Group (Percentages) |publisher=Office for Neighbourhood Statistics |accessdate=2008-06-17 |archive-date=2009-01-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090108234738/http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadTableView.do?a=3&b=276806&c=wolverhampton&d=13&e=13&g=378049&i=1001x1003x1004&m=0&r=1&s=1206389717666&enc=1&dsFamilyId=1812 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| population_blank2       = 76.5% White<br />14.7% S.Asie<br />4.8% Black<br />1.1% Cheenese or other<br />2.9% Mixed Race
| timezone                = [[Greenwich Mean Time]]
| utc_offset              = +0
| timezone_DST            = [[Breetish Simmer Time]]
| utc_offset_DST          = +1
| postal_code_type        = Postcode
| postal_code             = [[WV postcode aurie|WV]]
| area_code               = 01902
| blank_name              = [[ISO 3166-2:GB|ISO 3166-2]]
| blank_info              = GB-WLV
| blank1_name             = [[ONS codin seestem|ONS code]]
| blank1_info             = 00CW
| blank2_name             = [[Breetish naitional grid reference seestem|OS grid reference]]
| blank2_info             = {{gbmappingsmall|SO915985}}
| blank3_name             = [[Nomenclatur o Territorial Units for Statistics|NUTS]] 3
| blank3_info             = UKG35
| website                 = [http://www.wolverhampton.gov.uk/ www.wolverhampton.gov.uk]
| image_skyline           = Wolverhampton.jpg
| image_size              = 280
| image_caption           = 
}}

{{Year nav|1957}}
'''1957''' is a year o the Gregorian calendar.

There is no way tae speak generally aboot belief. Ane such attempt at speakin generally states that '''belief''' is a [[mental representation]] o a [[Sentience|sentient bein]]'s [[Intentionality|attitude toward]] the [[likelihuid]] or [[truth]] o something.<ref>{{citation |last=Schwitzgebel |first=Eric |editor-last=Zalta |editor-first=Edward |contribution=Belief |title=The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy |publisher=The Metaphysics Research Lab |location=Stanford, CA |year=2006 |url= http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/belief/ |accessdate=2008-09-19}}</ref>

{{fixscots|date=September 2020}}
<!--{{two ither uises|the operatin seestem which uises the Linux kirnel|the kirnel itself|Linux (kirnel)}}

A '''Targat''' is a baw-shapit bunch o fankle threids fae whilk at ae eyn protrudes a smaa towe on whilk the targat is hingit, an whilk micht hae lowse, danglin threids at the ither eyn. Targat is a warldlike decorement, an as sic bodies aft finds thaim steekit, for ordinar alang the laggin hem, tae garments, curtains, or ither hingins; an tae mortarbuirds.

| pop1 = 700,000<ref name=TheEconomist>{{cite journal|year=2009|title=The Economist|volume=390|issue=8618–8624|page=49|publisher=Economist Newspaper Ltd.|url=http://books.google.com/?id=ub8aAQAAMAAJ&q=%22The+Druze+are+an+ancient+sect+within+Islam.+The+Golan+ones+are+part+of+a+Syrian+Druze+community+that+numbers+700000.+Another+250000+live+in+Lebanon+and+about+100000+in+Israel+proper%22&dq=%22The+Druze+are+an+ancient+sect+within+Islam.+The+Golan+ones+are+part+of+a+Syrian+Druze+community+that+numbers+700000.+Another+250000+live+in+Lebanon+and+about+100000+in+Israel+proper%22|accessdate=14 April 2011}}</ref>
| region2={{flag|Lebanon}}
| pop2 = 400,000<ref name=TheEconomist/>
| region3={{flag|Israel}}
| pop3 = 100,000<ref name=TheEconomist/>
| region4={{flag|Jordan}}
| pop4 = 20,000<ref>[[US State Department]] [http://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/irf/2005/51602.htm International Religious Freedom Report 2005]</ref>
| region5=Ootside the Middle East
| pop5=100,000
| region6= {{flag|Unitit States}}
| pop6 = 20,000<ref>Institute of Druze Studies - [https://web.archive.org/web/20090114032929/http://www.druzestudies.org/Druzes.html Druze Traditions]</ref>
| region7= {{flag|Canadae}}
| pop7= 10,000
| region8= {{flag|Venezuela}}
| pop8= 5,000
| region9= {{flag|Australie}}
| pop9 = 3,000<ref>{{cite web|title=Druze Population of Australia by Place of Usual Residence (2006)|url=http://www.abs.gov.au/CDataOnline|publisher=Australian Bureau of Statistics|accessdate=27 July 2010}}</ref>
| region10= {{flag|Colombie}}
| pop10 = 3,000
| region11= {{flag|Unitit Kinrick}}
| pop11 = <1,000
|rels = Unitarian Druze
| scrips = [[Qur'an]], [[Rasa'il al-hikmah]] (''Epistles of Wisdom'')
| langs = [[Arabic]]<br />[[Inglis leid|Inglis]]<br />[[Ebreu]] <small>(in [[Israel]])</small><br />[[French leid|French]] <small>(in [[Lebanon]] an [[Sirie]])</small>
[[Spaingie leid|Spaingie]] <small>(in [[Colombie]] an [[Venezuela]])</small>
}}

{{Aboot|the releegious figur}}

'''Contrails''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|k|ɒ|n|t|r|eɪ|l|z}}; short for "condensation trails") or '''vapor trails''' are lang, thin airtifeecial [[cloods]] that sometimes form behind [[aircraft]].  Thair formation is maist eften triggered bi the watter vapor in the exhaust o aircraft ingines, but can an aa be triggered bi chynges in air pressure in [[weengtip vortices]] or in the air ower the entire weeng surface.<ref>{{cite web|title=vapour trail|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/623212/vapour-trail|work=Encyclopædia Britannica|publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica Inc.|accessdate=17 April 2012|year=2012}}</ref> Contrails are made o watter in the form o a [[Suspension (chemistry)|suspension]] o billions o liquid droplets or ice crystals.

{{fixscots}}
{{Taxobox
| image = Eurasian Curlew.jpg
| image_width = 240px
| image2= Eurasian Curlew (Numenius arquata) (W1CDR0001389 BD26).ogg
| status = NT
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| status_ref = <ref>{{IUCN|id=22693190 |title=''Numenius arquata'' |assessors=[[BirdLife International]] |version=2013.2 |year=2012 |accessdate=26 November 2013}}</ref>
| regnum = [[Animalia]]
| phylum = [[Chordata]]
| classis = [[Aves]]
| subclassis = [[Neornithes]]
| infraclassis = [[Neognathae]]
| superordo = [[Neoaves]]
| ordo = [[Charadriiformes]]
| subordo = Scolopaci<!-- monotypic - don't link -->
| familia = [[Scolopacidae]]
| genus = ''[[Curlew|Numenius]]''
| species = '''''N. arquata'''''
| binomial = ''Numenius arquata''
| binomial_authority = ([[Carolus Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], 1758)
}}
The '''Whaup''' (''Numenius arquata'') is a [[wader]] in the muckle [[faimily (biology)|faimily]] [[Scolopacidae]].

{{taxobox
| name = Sweet Tattie
| image = Ipomoea batatas (Sweet Potato) Flower.jpg
| image2 = Ipomoea batatas 006.JPG
| image_width = frameless{{!}}upright=1.10
| image_caption = Sweet tattie in flouer in [[Hong Kong]], Cheenae
| image2_caption     = Sweet tattie ruits
| regnum = [[Plantae]]
| unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
| unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
| unranked_ordo = [[Asterids]]
| ordo = [[Solanales]]
| familia = [[Convolvulaceae]]
| genus = ''[[Ipomoea]]''
| species = '''''I. batatas'''''
| binomial = ''Ipomoea batatas''
| binomial_authority = ([[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]]) Lam.}}

'''LIGO''' (dockie form o '''Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory''') is a observator makkit fur tae airt oot [[gravitational waw]]s. There twa deteckors, baith in Americae: ane in [[Livingston, Louisiana]] an anither in [[Richland, Washington]].

|subdivision_type1      = Province
|subdivision_name1      = [[Chubut]]
|seat_type              =Caipital
|seat                   =  [[Tecka]]
|population_as_of =2001
|population_total               =  3017
|population_density_km2         = 0.1
|postal_code_type       = Post Code
|postal_code            =  U9201
|established_title = Foondit
|established_date =  11 Juin 1921 
|coordinates            = {{coord|43|28|S|70|47|W|region:AR|display=inline}}
|area_total_km2= 15339 
|website=  
|}}

A '''verb''', frae  the Laitin ''verbum'' meanin ''wird'', is a [[wird]] ([[pairt o speech]]) that in [[syntax]] conveys an action (''bring'', ''read'', ''walk'', ''run'', ''learn''), an occurrence (''happen'', ''become''), or a state o bein (''be'', ''exist'', ''staund'').  In the uisual descrievin o [[Inglis leid|Inglis]], the basic form, wi or wioot the [[Grammatical pairticle|pairticle]] ''tae'', is the [[infinitive]]. 

'''Management'''  in [[businesses]] an [[organisations]] is the function that coordinates the efforts o fowk tae accomplish goals an [[Goal|objectives]] bi uisin available resoorces efficiently an effectively.

{{itheruises}}

[[Image:Folio 108r - Hell.jpg|thumb|Hell]]

'''Pantone LLC''' is a corporation heidquartert in [[Carlstadt, New Jersey|Carlstadt]], [[New Jersey]].<ref>Horyn, Cathy. [http://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/20/fashion/20COLOR.html "Pantone's Color of the Year Is... "], ''[[The New York Times]]'', December 20, 2007. Accessed September 8, 2008. "Nonetheless, Pantone’s choice of blue iris, or No. 18-3943, got some news media attention last week, which seemed to be partly the objective of the company, which is based in Carlstadt, N.J." {{en}}</ref> The company is baist kent for its '''Pantone Matching seestem''' ('''PMS'''), a proprietary [[colour space]] uised in a variety o industries, primarily prentin, tho whiles in the manufactur o coloured pent, fabric, an plastics.

Spainyie pimentón]]
'''Paprika''' is a [[spice]] made frae air-dried fruits o the [[chili pepper]] faimily o the species ''[[Capsicum annuum]]''.

{{fixscots|date=Dizember 2020}}

| coor_pinpoint      = Thiruvananthapuram
| coordinates_footnotes =
| subdivision_type   = Kintra
| subdivision_name   = {{flag|Indie}}
| subdivision_type1  = [[Regions o Indie|Region]]
| subdivision_name1  = [[Sooth Indie]]
| established_title  = Established
| established_date   = 1 November 1956
| parts_type         = [[Leet o Indie destricts|Destricts]]
| parts_style        = para
| p1                 = [[Destricts o Kerala|14]]
| seat_type          = Caipital
| seat               = [[Thiruvananthapuram]]
| seat1_type         = Lairgest ceety<br />Lairgest [[Urban Agglomeration]]
| seat1              = [[Thiruvananthapuram]]<br />[[Kochi]]
| seat2_type         = Ither major ceeties
| seat2              = Kozhikode, Kollam, Trissur, Kannur, Malappuram and Kottayam
| government_footnotes =
| governing_body     = [[Govrenment o Indie]], [[Govrenment o Kerala]]
| leader_title       = [[Govrenors o Kerala|Govrenor]]
| leader_name        = [[Hansraj Bhardwaj]]
| leader_title1      = [[Chief Meenisters o Kerala|Chief&nbsp;Meenister]]
| leader_name1       = [[Pinarayi Vijayan]] ([[CPI]])
| leader_title2      = [[Legislatur o and Kerala|Legislature]]
| leader_name2       = [[Unicameral]] (141{{ref|leg|*}} seats)
| leader_title3      = [[14t Lok Sabha|Pairlamentar constituency]]
| leader_name3       = 20
| leader_title4      = [[Heich Courts o Indie|Heich Court]]
| leader_name4       = [[Kerala Heich Court]]
<!--
| unit_pref          = Metric<!-- or US or UK -->
| area_footnotes     =
| area_total_km2     = 38863
| area_note          =
| area_rank          = 21st
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m        =
| population_footnotes    = <ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/ Census of India], 2011. Census Data Online, Population.</ref>
| population_total   = 33387677
| population_as_of   = 2011
| population_rank    = 12t
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_note    =
| timezone1          = [[Indie Staundart Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1        = +05:30
| iso_code           = [[ISO 3166-2:IN|IN-KL]]
| blank_name_sec1    = [[Human Development Index|HDI]]
| blank_info_sec1    = {{increase}} 0.920<ref name="IDHR 2011" >{{cite web |title=India Human Development Report 2011: Towards Social Inclusion |url=http://www.pratirodh.com/pdf/human_development_report2011.pdf |publisher=Institute of Applied Manpower Research, [[Planning Commission (India)|Planning Commission]], [[Government of India]] |accessdate=17 October 2012 |archive-date=2013-11-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131106031556/http://www.pratirodh.com/pdf/human_development_report2011.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> (<span style="color:#090">very high</span>)
| blank1_name_sec1   = HDI rank
| blank1_info_sec1   = 1st (2011)
| blank_name_sec2    = [[Literacy in India|Literacy]]
| blank_info_sec2    = 93.91% (ranked 1st in India)<ref>http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/kerala/9-litercy-26-30.pdf</ref>
| blank1_name_sec2   = Offeecial leids
| blank1_info_sec2   = [[Malayalam leid|Malayalam]], [[Inglis leid|Inglis]]
| website            = [http://kerala.gov.in/ kerala.gov.in]
| footnotes          = {{note|leg|*}} 140 electit, 1 nominatit
}}

|lats
|longs
|map_label_position=right
|image_coa=Coat of Arms of Lytkarino (Moscow oblast).png
|coa_caption=
|image_flag=
|flag_caption=
|anthem=
|anthem_ref=
|holiday=
|holiday_ref=
|federal_subject=[[Moscow Oblast]]
|federal_subject_ref=<ref name="Ref113" />
|adm_data_as_of=July 2010
|adm_city_jur=Lytkarino [[Ceety o federal subject significance|Toun Unner Oblast Jurisdiction]]
|adm_city_jur_ref=<ref name="Ref113" />
|adm_ctr_of=Lytkarino Toun Unner Oblast Jurisdiction
|adm_ctr_of_ref=<ref name="Ref113" />
|inhabloc_cat=Town
|inhabloc_cat_ref=<ref name="Ref113" />
|mun_data_as_of=June 2009
|urban_okrug_jur=Lytkarino Urban Okrug
|urban_okrug_jur_ref=<ref name="Ref792" />
|mun_admctr_of=Lytkarino Urban Okrug
|mun_admctr_of_ref=<ref name="Ref792" />
|leader_title=
|leader_title_ref=
|leader_name=
|leader_name_ref=
|representative_body=
|representative_body_ref=
|area_of_what=
|area_as_of=
|area_km2=
|area_km2_ref=
|pop_2010census=55237
|pop_2010census_rank=301st
|pop_2010census_ref=<ref name="2010Census">{{ru-pop-ref|2010Census}}</ref>
|pop_density=
|pop_density_as_of=
|pop_density_ref=
|pop_latest=
|pop_latest_date=
|pop_latest_ref=
|established_date=first hauf o<br />the 15t century
|established_title=
|established_date_ref=
|current_cat_date=1957
|current_cat_date_ref=
|prev_name1=
|prev_name1_date=
|prev_name1_ref=
|postal_codes=
|postal_codes_ref=
|dialing_codes=
|dialing_codes_ref=
|website=
|website_ref=
|commonscat=
|date=February 2012
}}
'''Lytkarino''' ({{lang-ru|Лытка́рино}}) is a [[teeps o inhabitit localities in Roushie|toun]] in [[Moscow Oblast]], [[Roushie]], locatit on the left bank o the [[Moskva River]] {{convert|30|km|sp=us}} sootheast o [[Moscow]]. Population: {{ru-census|p2010=55,237|p2002=50,798|p1989=50,968}}

]]
'''Jules Shungu Wembadio Pene Kikunba''', kent as '''Papa Wemba''' ([[14 Juin]] [[1949]] à Lubefu in the [[Belgian Congo]] (thir days in East Kasai in the [[Democratic Republic o the Congo]]) an deid [[24 Aprile]] [[2016]] at [[Abidjan]] in [[Côte d'Ivoire]]) wis a Congolese muisicker, sangster an actor. He played maist aften muisic genres fae Congo itsel: [[Congolese rumba]], [[soukous]], [[ndombolo]].

<!--This looks 100% like cassia, not cinnamon (despite what the name of the file is-->

inscribed ''Sappho o Eressos,'' Roman copy o a Greek oreeginal o the 5t century BC]]
'''Sappho''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|s|æ|f|oʊ}}; [[Attic Greek]] {{lang|grc|Σαπφώ}} {{IPA-el|sapːʰɔ̌ː|}}, [[Aeolic Greek]] {{lang|grc|Ψάπφω}}, ''Psappho'' {{IPA-el|psápːʰɔː|}}) wis a [[Greek leeric poet]], born on the island o [[Lesbos]]. The [[Alexandrian schuil|Alexandrians]] includit her in the leet o [[nine lyric poets]]. Her birth wis sometime atween 630 an 612 BC, an it is said that she died aroond 570 BC, but little is kent for certain aboot her life. The bulk o her poetry, which wis well-kent an greatly admired through much o antiquity, haes been lost, but her immense reputation haes endured through survivin fragments.

{{fixscots}}

: [[cab unit]], [[huid unit]] an [[boxcab|box cab]]. Thri locomotives are operatit bi [[Pacific National]] in [[Australie]].]]
A '''locomotive''' or '''ingine''' is a [[rail transport]] [[vehicle]] that provides the [[motive pouer]] for a [[train]].

'''Paleontology''' or '''palaeontology''' ({{IPAc-en|ˌ|p|eɪ|l|ɪ|ɒ|n|ˈ|t|ɒ|l|ə|dʒ|i}}, {{IPAc-en|ˌ|p|eɪ|l|ɪ|ə|n|ˈ|t|ɒ|l|ə|dʒ|i}} or {{IPAc-en|ˌ|p|æ|l|ɪ|ɒ|n|ˈ|t|ɒ|l|ə|dʒ|i}}, {{IPAc-en|ˌ|p|æ|l|ɪ|ə|n|ˈ|t|ɒ|l|ə|dʒ|i}}) is the scienteefic study o life existent prior tae, but whiles includin, the stairt o the Holocene Epoch.

{{Chembox
| Verifiedfields = 
| Watchedfields =
| verifiedrevid = 455316358
| ImageFile = Cornstarch_mixed_with_water.jpg
| ImageSize =
| ImageName = Cornstairch bein mixed wi watter
| IUPACName =
| OtherNames =
|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
| CASNo = 9005-25-8
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| EC_number = 232-679-6
| RTECS = GM5090000
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|changed|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = none
  }}
|Section2={{Chembox Properties
| Formula = ({{chem|C|6|H|10|O|5|)|''n''</sub> -{{Sp}}|(|H|2|O|)}}
| MolarMass = Variable
| Appearance = White pouder
| Density = Variable<ref>{{cite book | title = Starch: Chemistry and Technology | editor1 = Roy L. Whistler|editor2=James N. BeMiller|editor3=Eugene F. Paschall | publisher = Academic Press | date = 2012 | page = 220 | quote = Starch has variable density depending on botanical origin, prior treatment, and method of measurement }}</ref>
| Solubility = insoluble (see [[starch gelatinization]])
| MeltingPt = decomposes
  }}
| Section4 = {{Chembox Thermochemistry
| Thermochemistry_ref =
| HeatCapacity = 
| Entropy = 
| DeltaHf = 
| DeltaGf =
| DeltaHc ={{convert|4.1788|kcal/g|kJ/g}}<ref name=CRC>''[[CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics]]'', 49th edition, 1968-1969, p. D-188.</ref> ([[Heicher heatin vailyie]])
  }}
|Section7={{Chembox Hazards
| ExternalSDS = [http://www.inchem.org/documents/icsc/icsc/eics1553.htm ICSC 1553]
| AutoignitionPtC = 410
| PEL = TWA 15 mg/m<sup>3</sup> (total) TWA 5 mg/m<sup>3</sup> (resp)<ref>{{PGCH|0567}}</ref>
  }}
}}
'''Stairch''' or '''amylum''' is a [[carbohydrate]] consistin o a muckle nummer o [[glucose]] units jyned bi [[glycosidic bond]]s. This [[polysaccharide]] is produced bi maist green [[plant]]s as energy storage. It is the maist common carbohydrate in human diets an is conteened in muckle amoonts in [[staple fuid]]s lik [[tattie]]s, [[wheat]], [[maize]] (corn), [[rice]], an [[cassava]].

{{fixscots|date=Dizember 2020}}

A '''caunle''', '''cannle''' or '''candle''' is a solid block o [[waux]] wi an embeddit week that is luntit ti provide [[licht]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=CANDLE {{!}} meaning in the Cambridge English Dictionary|url=https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/candle|access-date=2021-01-17|website=dictionary.cambridge.org|language=en}}</ref> Whiles it is uised for gien heat or keepin time.<ref>{{Cite web|title=A Brief History of Time Measurement|url=https://nrich.maths.org/6070|access-date=2021-01-17|website=nrich.maths.org}}</ref>

|map_label_position=top
|image_coa=Kgd gerb.png
|coa_caption=
|image_flag=Flag of Kaliningrad.png
|flag_caption=
|anthem=
|anthem_ref=
|holiday=July&nbsp;4; observit on the first Seturday o Julie
|holiday_ref=
|federal_subject=[[Kaliningrad Oblast]]
|federal_subject_ref=
|adm_data_as_of=November 2011
|adm_city_jur=[[ceety o federal subject significance|ceety o oblast significance]] o Kaliningrad
|adm_city_jur_ref=<ref name="Ref648">Resolution #640</ref>
|adm_ctr_of1=[[Kaliningrad Oblast]]
|adm_ctr_of1_ref=<ref name="Ref253">Law #463</ref>
|adm_ctr_of2=ceety o oblast significance o Kaliningrad
|adm_ctr_of2_ref=<ref name="Ref648" />
|inhabloc_cat=Ceety
|inhabloc_cat_ref=
|inhabloc_type=
|inhabloc_type_ref=
|mun_data_as_of=July 2009
|urban_okrug_jur=Kaliningrad Urban Okrug
|urban_okrug_jur_ref=<ref name="Ref719">Law #397</ref>
|mun_admctr_of=Kaliningrad Urban Okrug
|mun_admctr_of_ref=<ref name="Ref719" />
|leader_title=Head
|leader_title_ref=
|leader_name=Alexander Yaroshuk
|leader_name_ref=
|representative_body=[[Ceety Cooncil o Deputies o Kaliningrad|Ceety Cooncil o Deputies]]
|representative_body_ref=
|area_of_what=urban okrug
|area_as_of=February 2012
|area_km2=223.03
|area_km2_ref=<ref name="Passport">Offeecial wabsteid o Kaliningrad. [http://www.klgd.ru/useful/passport.zip Passport o Kaliningrad Urban Okrug]. {{ru icon}}</ref>
|pop_2010census=431402
|pop_2010census_rank=40th
|pop_2010census_ref=<ref name="2010Census">{{ru-pop-ref|2010Census}}</ref>
|pop_density=1900
|pop_density_as_of=Februar 2012
|pop_density_ref=<ref name="Passport" />
|pop_latest=
|pop_latest_date=
|pop_latest_ref=
|established_date=1255
|established_title=
|established_date_ref=
|current_cat_date=
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|prev_name1=
|prev_name1_date=
|prev_name1_ref=
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|prev_name2_date=
|prev_name2_ref=
|postal_codes=236000
|postal_codes_ref=
|dialing_codes=4012
|dialing_codes_ref=
|website=http://www.klgd.ru/
|website_ref=
|commonscat=Kaliningrad
|date=May 2010
}}

'''Calabrie''' ({{IPA-it|kaˈlaːbrja|pron}}; in Calabrie dialect: Calabbria or Calavria, {{lang-el|Καλαβρία}}, {{lang-it|Calabria}}), in [[classical antiquity|antiquity]] kent as '''Bruttium''', is a [[Regions o Italy|region]] in [[Soothren Italy|soothren]] [[Italy]], sooth o [[Naples]], locatit at the "toe" o the Italian peninsula. It is bundit tae the north bi the region o [[Basilicata]], tae the sooth-wast bi the region o [[Sicily]], tae the wast bi the [[Tyrrhenian Sea]], an tae the east bi the [[Ionian Sea]]. The region covers 15,079 km2 (5,822 sq mi) an haes a population o juist ower 2 million. The [[demonym]] o Calabrie in  Scots is Calabrie (Italian: ''calabrese'').

section in a [[Brazi]]lian supermercat]]
A '''supermercat''', a muckle form o the tradeetional [[grocery store]], is a [[sel-service]] [[Retail#Teeps o ootlets|shop]] offerin a wide variety o [[fuid]] an hoosehauld products, organised intae aisles.

'''Yairn''' is a lang conteenual lenth o interlocked [[feebre]]s, suitable for uise in the production o [[textile]]s, [[shewin]], [[crochet]]in, [[knittin]], [[weavin]], [[embroidery]], an [[raip]]makkin.<ref name=definition>{{cite web| url= http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/yarn|title=Yarn|publisher=Merriam-Webster|accessdate=2012-05-25}}</ref>

{{Italic title}}{{taxobox
| name = ''Petasites hybridus''
| image = Petasites hybridus inflorescence - Keila.jpg
| image_caption = Inflorescence
| image2 = Petasites hybridus leaf.JPG
| image2_caption = Foliage
| regnum = [[Plantae]]
| unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
| unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
| unranked_ordo = [[Asterids]]
| ordo = [[Asterales]]
| familia = [[Asteraceae]]
| tribus = [[Senecioneae]]
| genus = ''[[Petasites]]''
| species = '''''P. hybridus'''''
| binomial = ''Petasites hybridus''
| binomial_authority = ([[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]) [[Gottfried Gaertner|G.Gaertn.]], [[Bernhard Meyer|B.Mey.]] & [[Johannes Scherbius|Scherb.]]
| synonyms =
*''Tussilago hybrida'' <small>L.</small>
*''Petasites vulgaris'' <small>Desf.</small>
}}
'''''Petasites hybridus''''', ('''puddock's rhubar(u)b''', '''wild rhubar(u)b''', '''flotter baw''', '''tushilaigae''', '''eldin docken'''), is a yerbaceous perennial [[flouerin plant]] in the daisie faimily [[Asteraceae]], native tae [[Europe]] an northren [[Asie]].

instead -->
| type                    = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment]]
| image_skyline           = 
| image_alt               = 
| image_caption           = 
| image_flag              = Drapeau fr département Bouches-du-Rhône.svg
| flag_alt                = 
| image_shield            = Blason département fr Bouches-du-Rhône.svg
| shield_alt              = 
| nickname                = 
| motto                   = 
| image_map               = Bouches-du-Rhône-Position.svg
| map_alt                 = 
| map_caption             = Location of Bouches-du-Rhône in Fraunce
| pushpin_map             = 
| pushpin_label_position  = 
| pushpin_map_alt         = 
| pushpin_map_caption     = 
| coordinates             = {{coord|43|30|N|5|5|E|region:FR_type:adm2nd|display=inline}}
| coor_pinpoint           = 
| coordinates_footnotes   = 
| subdivision_type        = Kintra
| subdivision_name        = France
| subdivision_type1       = [[Regions o Fraunce|Region]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur|Provence-Alpes-<br />Côte d'Azur]]
| established_title       = 
| established_date        = 
| founder                 = 
| seat_type               = [[Prefecturs in Fraunce|Prefectur]]
| seat                    = [[Marseille]]
| parts_type              = [[Subprefecturs in Fraunce|Subprefecturs]]
| parts_style             = para
| p1                      = [[Aix-en-Provence]]<br />[[Arles]]<br />[[Istres]]
| government_footnotes    = 
| leader_party            = [[Socialist Pairty (Fraunce)|PS]]
| leader_title            = [[Preses o the general cooncil|Preses o the General Cooncil]]
| leader_name             = [[:Image:Jean-Noel Guerini Marseille Chutes Lavie JD23022008.jpg|Jean-Noël Guérini]]
| unit_pref               = Metric<!-- or US or UK -->
| area_magnitude          = 
| area_footnotes          = {{ref|area|1}}
| area_total_km2          = 5087
| area_note               = 
| elevation_footnotes     = 
| elevation_m             = 
| elevation_min_m         = 
| elevation_max_m         = 
| population_footnotes    = 
| population_total        = 1958926
| population_as_of        = 2007
| population_rank         = [[Leet o French depairtments bi population|3rd]]
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_demonym      = 
| population_note         = 
| blank_name_sec1         = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment number]]
| blank_info_sec1         = 13
| blank_name_sec2         = [[Arrondissements o Fraunce|Arrondissements]]
| blank_info_sec2         = [[arrondissements o the Bouches-du-Rhône department|4]]
| blank1_name_sec2        = [[Cantons in France|Cantons]]
| blank1_info_sec2        = [[cantons o the Bouches-du-Rhône depairtment|57]]
| blank2_name_sec2        = [[Communes in Fraunce|Communes]]
| blank2_info_sec2        = [[communes o the Bouches-du-Rhône depairtment|119]]
| timezone1               = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset1             = +1
| timezone1_DST           = [[Central European Simmer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset1_DST         = +2
| postal_code_type        = 
| postal_code             = 
| area_code_type          = 
| area_code               = 
| iso_code                = 
| website                 = 
| footnotes               = {{note|area|1}} French Land Register data, which exclude [[estuary|estuaries]], an lakes, ponds, an glaciers lairger than 1&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>
}}

The '''Seicont Punic War''', forby referred tae as '''The Hannibalic War''', (bi the Romans) '''The War Against Hannibal''', or "The Carthaginian War", lasted frae 218 tae 201 BC<ref>Bagnell, p. vii.</ref> an involved combatants in the wastren an eastren [[Mediterranean]].

| birth_place       = [[Wooster, Ohio|Wooster]], [[Ohio]], Unitit States
| death_date        = {{death date and age|mf=yes|1962|3|15|1892|9|10}}
| death_place       = [[Berkeley, Californie|Berkeley]], [[Californie]], Unitit States
| nationality       = [[Americans|American]]
| field             = [[Pheesics]]
| work_institution  = [[Washington Varsity in St. Louis]]<br />[[Varsity o Chicago]]<br />[[Varsity o Minnesota]]
| alma_mater        = [[College of Wooster]]<br />[[Princeton Varsity]]
| doctoral_advisor  = Hereward L. Cooke
| doctoral_students = [[Luis Walter Alvarez]]<br />[[Winston H. Bostick]]<br />[[Robert S. Shankland]] <br /> Joyce A. Bearden<br />[[Wu Youxun]]
| known_for         = [[Compton scatterin]]<br />[[Compton wavelenth]]
| prizes            = [[Nobel Prize for Pheesics]] <small>(1927)</small><br>[[Matteucci Medal]] <small>(1930)</small><br>[[Franklin Medal]] <small>(1940)</small><br>[[Hughes Medal]] <small>(1940)</small>
| spouse            = Betty Charity McCloskey
| children          = Arthur Alan<br />John Joseph
| footnotes         = Brither o [[Wilson Martindale Compton|Wilson Compton]] an [[Karl Taylor Compton|Karl Compton]]
| signature         = Arthur Compton signature.png
}}
'''Arthur Holly Compton''' (September 10, 1892&nbsp;– Mairch 15, 1962) wis an American pheesicist wha wan the [[Nobel Prize in Pheesics]] in 1927 for his 1923 discovery o the [[Compton effect]], which demonstratit the [[pairticle pheesics|pairticle]] naitur o [[electromagnetic radiation]]. It wis a sensational discovery at the time: the wave naitur o licht haed been well-demonstratit, but the idea that licht had baith wave an pairticle properties wisna easily acceptit. He is an aa kent for his leadership o the [[Manhattan Project]]'s [[Metallurgical Laboratory]], an served as Chancellor o [[Washington Varsity in St. Louis]] frae 1945 tae 1953.

[[Image:Islamabad Capital Territory in Pakistan (claims hatched).svg|thumb]]

| common_name = Estonie
| national_anthem =
 {{unbulleted list
  | ''[[Mu isamaa, mu õnn ja rõõm]]''
  | {{small|''Ma Faitherland, Ma Happiness an Joy''}}
  | <center></center>
 }}
| image_flag = Flag of Estonia.svg
| image_coat = Coat of arms of Estonia.svg
| image_map = EU-Estonia.svg
| map_caption = {{map_caption |location_color=dark green |region=Europe |region_color=dark grey |subregion=the [[European Union]] |subregion_color=green |legend=EU-Estonia.svg}}
| capital = {{Coat of arms|Tallinn}}
| coordinates = {{Coord|59|25|N|24|45|E|type:city}}
| largest_city = caipital
| official_languages = [[Estonie leid|Estonie]]<sup>a</sup>
| regional_languages = {{flatlist|{{unbulleted list |[[Võro leid|Võro]] |[[Setu leid|Setu]]}}}}
| ethnic_groups =
 {{unbulleted list
  | 69.1% [[Estonies]]<sup>b</sup>
  | 24.8% [[Roushues in Estonie|Roushies]]
  |  1.7% [[Ukrainians]]
  |  1.0% [[Belaroushies]]
  |  0.6% [[Finns]]
  |  0.2% [[Jews]]
  |  0.2% [[Latvies]]
  |  0.1% [[Germans]]
  |  2.7% [[Demographics o Estonie|Ithers]]
 }}
| ethnic_groups_year = 2014<ref>{{cite web|title=Population and housing census&nbsp;– Population and Housing Census 2011&nbsp;– Preliminary data|url=http://www.stat.ee/sdb-update?db_update_id=13545|work=Database Update 17|publisher=Statistics Estonia|accessdate=16 January 2013|archive-date=2014-11-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141115012253/http://www.stat.ee/sdb-update?db_update_id=13545|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| demonym = Estonian
| government_type = [[Parilamentary republic]]
| leader_title1 = [[Preses o Estonie|Preses]]
| leader_name1 =  [[Alar Karis]]
| leader_title2 = [[Prime Meenister o Estonie|Prime Meenister]]
| leader_name2 = [[Kaja Kallas]]
| legislature = ''[[Riigikogu]]''
| sovereignty_type = [[History o Estonie|Unthirldom]]
| established_event4 = {{nowrap|[[Autonomous Govrenorate o Estonie|Autonomy declared]]}}
| established_date4 = 12 Aprile 1917
| established_event5 = {{nowrap|[[Estonian Declaration o Unthirldom|Unthirldom declared]]<br/>then [[History o Estonie#Road tae Republic|recognised]]}}
| established_date5 = 24 Februar 1918<br/>2 Februar 1920
| established_event6 = {{nowrap|[[Occupation o the Baltic states|Foreign occupation]]}}
| established_date6 = 1940–1991
| established_event7 = {{nowrap|[[History o Estonie#Regainin unthirldom|Unthirldom restored]]}}
| established_date7 = 20 August 1991
| area_km2 = 45,227
| area_sq_mi = 17,413<!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]-->
| area_rank = 132nt
| percent_water = 4.45%
| population_estimate = 1,315,819<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.stat.ee/34277 |title=Statistics Estonia |publisher=Stat.ee |date=1 January 2014 |access-date=2015-02-03 |archive-date=2016-04-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160404162352/http://www.stat.ee/34277 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| population_estimate_year = 2014
| population_estimate_rank = 154t
| population_census = 1,294,486<ref>{{cite web|title=PHC 2011 RESULTS|url=http://www.stat.ee/phc2011|publisher=Statistics Estonia|accessdate=16 January 2011|archive-date=2016-10-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161010065115/http://www.stat.ee/phc2011|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| population_census_year = 2011
| population_density_km2 = 29
| population_density_sq_mi = 75 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]-->
| population_density_rank = 181st
| GDP_PPP_year = 2015
| GDP_PPP = {{nowrap|$36.947 billion<ref name=imf2>{{cite web |url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2014/02/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=73&pr.y=7&sy=2012&ey=2019&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=946%2C964%2C939%2C941&s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a= |title=Estonia |publisher=International Monetary Fund |accessdate= January 2015}}</ref>}}
| GDP_PPP_rank =
| GDP_PPP_per_capita = $27,729<ref name=imf2/>
| GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 
| GDP_nominal = $27.410 billion<ref name=imf2/>
| GDP_nominal_rank =
| GDP_nominal_year = 2015
| GDP_nominal_per_capita = $20,571<ref name=imf2/>
| GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 
| Gini_year = 2013
| Gini_change = increase <!--increase/decrease/steady-->
| Gini = 32.9 <!--number only-->
| Gini_ref =<ref name=eurogini>{{cite web|title=Gini coefficient of equivalised disposable income (source: SILC)|url=http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=ilc_di12|publisher=Eurostat Data Explorer|accessdate=5 January 2014|archive-date=2016-03-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304045123/http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=ilc_di12|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| Gini_rank =
| HDI_year = 2013<!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year-->
| HDI_change = steady <!--increase/decrease/steady-->
| HDI = 0.840 <!--number only-->
|HDI_ref = <ref name="HDI">{{cite web |url=http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr14-summary-en.pdf |title=2014 Human Development Report Summary |date=2014 |accessdate=27 July 2014 |publisher=United Nations Development Programme | pages=21–25}}</ref>
| HDI_rank = 33rd
| currency = [[Euro]] ([[Euro sign|€]])<sup>e</sup>
| currency_code = EUR
| time_zone = [[Eastren European Time|EET]]
| utc_offset = +2
| time_zone_DST = [[Eastren European Simmer Time|EEST]]
| utc_offset_DST = +3
| drives_on = right
| calling_code = [[Telephone nummers in Estonie|+372]]
| ISO_3166-1_alpha2 = EE
| ISO_3166-1_alpha3 = EST
| ISO_3166-1_numeric = ?
| alt_sport_code = EST
| vehicle_code = EST
| aircraft_code = EST
| cctld = [[.ee]]<sup>f</sup>
}}

"[[Bridge of 33 Arches]]" ower the [[Zayandeh River]] is the epitome o [[Safavid dynasty]] (1502-1722) brig design. [[Esfahan]], [[Iran]].]]
" in [[Brisbane]], [[Australie]], biggit in 1940 wi modren materials, is an ensaumple o a [[steel]] [[cantilever brig]].]]

'''Income''' is the consumption an savins opportunity gained bi an entity within a specified timeframe, which is generally expressed in monetar terms.<ref name="Barr">Barr, N. (2004). Problems and definition of measurement. In ''Economics of the welfare state''. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 121-124</ref> Houiver, for hoosehaulds an individuals, "income is the sum o aw the wages, salaries, profits, interests payments, rents, an ither forms of earnins received... in a gien period o time."<ref name="Case & Fair">Case, K. & Fair, R. (2007). ''Principles of Economics''. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education. p. 54.</ref>

<br /><small>("Strength frae Mony Fowks")</small>
| OfficialLang = [[Inglis leid|Inglis]] an [[French leid|French]] (Inglis predominates)
| Demonym = Saskatchewanian, Saskatchewanese, Saskie, Saskatchewaner<ref>''Saskatchewanian'' is the prevalent demonym, and is [http://www.gov.sk.ca/Default.aspx?DN=ec59e326-4224-4f8d-ab8c-907089fe1094&c=all&q=Saskatchewanians used by the Government of Saskatchewan] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110807071307/http://www.gov.sk.ca/Default.aspx?DN=ec59e326-4224-4f8d-ab8c-907089fe1094&c=all&q=Saskatchewanians |date=2011-08-07 }}. According to the ''Oxford Guide to Canadian English Usage'' (ISBN 0-19-541619-8; p. 335), ''Saskatchewaner'' is also in use.</ref>
| Flower = [[Wastren Red Lily]]
| Tree = [[Paper Birch]]
| Bird = [[Sharp-tailed Grouse]]
| Capital = [[Regina, Saskatchewan|Regina]]
| LargestCity = [[Saskatoon]]
| LargestMetro = [[Saskatoon metropolitan aurie|Saskatoon]]
| Premier = [[Scott Moe]]
| PremierParty = [[Saskatchewan Pairty]]
| Viceroy = Russell Mirasty
| ViceroyType = Lieutenant-Govrenor
| Legislature = Legislative Assembly o Saskatchewan
| PostalAbbreviation = SK
| PostalCodePrefix = [[Leet o S Postal Codes o Canadae|S]]
| AreaRank = 7th
| TotalArea_km2 = 651900
| LandArea_km2 = 591670
| WaterArea_km2 = 59366
| PercentWater = 9.1
| PopulationRank = 6t
| Population = 1033381 	
| PopulationRef = <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www12.statcan.ca/census-recensement/2011/dp-pd/hlt-fst/pd-pl/Table-Tableau.cfm?LANG=Eng&T=101&S=50&O=A |title=Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, 2011 and 2006 censuses |publisher=Statcan.gc.ca |date=February 8, 2012 |accessdate=February 8, 2012 |archive-date=2018-12-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226132943/https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2011/dp-pd/hlt-fst/pd-pl/Table-Tableau.cfm?LANG=Eng&T=101&S=50&O=A |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| PopulationYear = 2011
| DensityRank = 9t
| Density_km2 = 1.67
| GDP_year = 2009
| GDP_total = C$56.553&nbsp;billion<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www40.statcan.ca/l01/cst01/econ15.htm |title=Statistics Canada Gross domestic product, expenditure-based, by province and territory |publisher=0.statcan.ca |date=November 4, 2010 |accessdate=February 23, 2011 |archive-date=2008-04-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080420144936/http://www40.statcan.ca/l01/cst01/econ15.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| GDP_rank = 6t
| GDP_per_capita = C$45,718
| GDP_per_capita_rank = 5t
| AdmittanceOrder = 10t
| AdmittanceDate = 1 September 1905 (Split frae [[Northwast Territories|NWT]])
| TimeZone = [[Coordinatit Universal Time|UTC]]−6 (although geographically in UTC-7 so technically on daylicht savin time year roond) [[Lloydminster]] an vicinity: UTC−7 an ''does'' observe DST
| HouseSeats = 14
| SenateSeats = 6
| ISOCode = CA-SK
| Website = www.gov.sk.ca
}}
'''Saskatchewan''' ({{IPA-endia|səˈskæt͡ʃəwən|Inglis pronunciation:}}, {{IPA-endia|səˈskæt͡ʃəˌwɑːn|}}) is a [[provinces o Canadae|prairie province]] in [[Canadae]], which haes an aurie o {{convert|588276|km2|-2}}. Saskatchewan is bordered on the wast bi [[Alberta]], on the north bi the [[Northwast Territories]], on the east bi [[Manitoba]], an on the sooth bi the U.S. states o [[Montana]] an [[North Dakota]].

{{fixscots|date=Mairch 2021}}

{{unsoorced}}
A '''planned''' or '''constructit leid''' is a [[leid]] whose [[phonology]], [[grammar]], an [[vocabulary]] hae been consciously devised for human or human-lik communication, insteid o havin developed [[naitural leid|naiturally]]. Weel-kent ensaumples o international leids include: [[Esperanto]], [[Interlingua]], [[Ido leid|Ido]] and [[Interslavic leid|Interslavic]]. [[Klingon leid|Klingon]] and [[Dothraki leid|Dothraki]] are ensaumples o leids creautit for airtistic ettles.

The '''harn''' is an [[organ (anatomy)|organ]] that serves as the centre o the [[nervous seestem]] in aw [[vertebrate]] an maist [[invertebrate]] ainimals. Anly a few invertebrates sic as [[sponge]]s, [[cnidaria|jellyfish]], adult [[tunicate|sea squirts]] an [[echinoderm|starnfish]] dinna hae a harn; diffuise or localised [[nerve net]]s are present insteid. The harn is locatit in the heid, uisually close tae the primary sensory organs for sic [[sense]]s as [[Veesual perception|veesion]], [[hearin]], [[Balance (ability)|balance]], [[taste]], an [[Olfaction|smell]]. The harn is the maist complex organ in a vertebrate's bouk. In a teepical bouk, the [[cerebral cortex]] (the lairgest pairt) is estimatit tae conteen 15–33 billion [[neuron]]s,<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Pelvig |first=DP |last2=Pakkenberg |first2=H |last3=Stark |first3=AK |last4=Pakkenberg |first4=B |title=Neocortical glial cell numbers in human brains |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_neurobiology-of-aging_2008-11_29_11/page/1754 |journal=Neurobiology of Aging |year=2008 |volume=29 |pages=1754–1762 |pmid=17544173 |doi=10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2007.04.013 |issue=11}}</ref> each connectit bi [[synapse]]s tae several thoosand ither neurons. Thir neurons communicate wi ane anither bi means o lang [[protoplasm]]ic fibers cried [[axon]]s, which cairy trains o signal pulses cried [[action potential]]s tae distant pairts o the harn or bouk targetin speceefic recipient cells.

The '''Easter Seas''' or '''Baltic Sea''' is a [[saut|brackish]] inlaund sea locatit in [[Northren Europe]], frae 53°N tae 66°N [[latitude]] an frae 20°E tae 26°E [[longitude]]. It is boonded by the [[scandinavie|Scandinavian Hauf-island]], the mainlaund o [[Europe]], an the [[Denmark|Dens]] islands.
{{Commonscat|Baltic Sea}}

{{fixscots|date=Mairch 2021}}

</ref> (as Sony Ericsson)<br />February 16, 2012 (as Sony Mobile)
| location         = [[Minato, Tokyo|Minato]], [[Tokyo]], [[Japan]]<ref name="HQXperiaBlog">{{cite web|url=http://www.xperiablog.net/2012/07/05/sony-mobile-moving-hq-from-sweden-to-tokyo-on-october-1st/|title=Sony Mobile moving HQ from Sweden to Tokyo on October 1st|publisher=Sony Xperia Blog|date=July 5, 2012|accessdate=August 13, 2012}}</ref>
| area_served      = Warldwide
| key_people       = Hiroki Totoki<br />({{small|[[Preses]] an [[Chief executive officer|CEO]]}})<br />Bob Ishida<br />({{small|[[Executive Vice Preses|EVP]] an Deputy CEO}})
| industry         = [[Telecommunications equipment|Telecoms equipment]]
| products         = [[Smartphone]]s<br />[[Wearable computer|Wearables]]<br />[[Wireless|Wireless seestems]]<br />[[Wireless|Wireless vyce devices]]
| revenue          = 
| operating_income = 
| net_income       = 
| owner            = 
| num_employees    = 7,100 (as o September 2014)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.polygon.com/2014/9/18/6377971/sony-financial-results-mobile-2014|title=Sony rethinks mobile business, expects 1,000 layoffs after projecting $2.1B loss this year|accessdate=January 7, 2015}}</ref>
| parent           = [[Sony|Sony Corporation]]
| predecessor      = [[Ericsson Mobile Communications]] (1994-2001) <br /> Sony Ericsson (2001-2012)
| divisions        = 
| subsid           = 
| homepage         = {{URL|www.sonymobile.com}}
| footnotes        = 
| intl             = Yes
}}
'''Sony Mobile Communications Inc.''' (umwhile '''Sony Ericsson''') is a [[Multinaitional corporation|multinaitional]] [[mobile phone]] manufacturin company jyntly heidquartert in [[Tokyo]], [[Japan]], an [[Lund]], [[Swaden]], an is a wholly ained bi Younus Appakkadan.

{{unsoorced|date=2020}}
A '''free mercat''' is a [[mercat economy]] seestem in which the prices for guids an services are set freely  bi consent atween [[sales management|vendors]] an [[consumer]]s, in which the laws an forces o [[supply an demand]] are free frae ony intervention bi a [[govrenment]], price-setting monopoly, or ither authority.

{{coord|32|-6|scale:5000000_type:country_region:MA|display=title}}
|{{native name|ar|المملكة المغربية|italics=off}}}}
|image_flag = Flag of Morocco.svg
|image_coat = Coat of arms of Morocco.svg
|national_motto =
   <div style="padding-top:0.2em;padding-bottom:0.5em;">{{native phrase|ar|{{lower|0.1em|لله، الوطن، الملك&nbsp;}}|italics=off|nolink=on}}<br/>''{{transl|ar|Allah, Al Watan, Al Malik}}''</div>''{{native phrase|ber|ⴰⴽⵓⵛ, ⴰⵎⵓⵔ, ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ}}''</div><br/>{{small|"God, Hameland, Keeng"}}
|national_anthem = <br/>{{native phrase|ar|{{lower|0.1em|النشيد الوطني المغربي&nbsp;}}|italics=off|nolink=on}}<br/>{{native phrase|ber|{{lower|0.1em|ⵉⵣⵍⵉ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ&nbsp;}}|italics=off|nolink=on}}<br/>{{small|''[[Cherifian Anthem]]''}}<br />{{center|}}
|image_map = Morocco WS-included (orthographic projection).svg
|map_caption =
|capital = [[Rabat]]
|coordinates = {{Coord|34|02|N|6|51|W|type:city}}
|largest_city = [[Casablanca]]<br>{{small|{{coord|33|32|N|7|35|W|display=inline}}}}
|official_languages = {{hlist |[[Modern Standard Arabic|Arabic]] |[[Standard Moroccan Berber|Berber]]}}
|languages_type = Native laeids
|languages = {{ublist|class=nowrap |[[Moroccan dialect|Moroccan Arabic]]|[[Berber leids|Berber]]|[[Hassaniya Arabic]]|}}
|languages2_type = Ither leids
|languages2 = [[French leid|French]]<ref group="Notes" name="French">[[French leid|French]] is an aa uised in offeecial govrenment documents an bi the business commonty, awtho it haes na offeecial status: "French (often the language of business, government, and diplomacy)..." [https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/mo.html] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226055346/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/mo.html%20 |date=2018-12-26 }} – See [[French leid in Morocco]] for forder information</ref>
|ethnic_groups = <!--The following is sourced (see ethnic_groups_year above), so please do not change it without also replacing that source:-->{{ublist|Arab-Berber 99%|other 1%}}
|ethnic_groups_year = 2014{{lower|0.2em|<ref name=CIA>{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/mo.html |title=Morocco |work=World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |access-date=2010-10-10 |archive-date=2018-12-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226055346/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/mo.html%20 |url-status=dead }}</ref>}}
|demonym = [[Moroccan fowk|Moroccan]]
|government_type = [[Unitar state|Unitar]] [[Pairlamentar seestem|pairlamentar]]<br/>{{raise|0.25em|[[constitutional monarchy]]<ref name="Const1">{{cite web |url=http://www.maroc.ma/NR/rdonlyres/2298ADD6-703C-471E-B924-A5E4F396FEA2/0/Texteint%C3%A9gralduprojetdenouvelleConstitution.pdf |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120518075239/http://www.maroc.ma/NR/rdonlyres/2298ADD6-703C-471E-B924-A5E4F396FEA2/0/Texteint%C3%A9gralduprojetdenouvelleConstitution.pdf |archivedate=18 May 2012 |title=Constitution of the Kingdom of Morocco, I-1 |format=PDF |accessdate=9 January 2013}}</ref>}}
|leader_title1 = [[Keeng o Morocco|Keeng]]
|leader_name1 = [[Mohammed VI o Morocco|Mohammed VI]] (محمد السادس, ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵚⴹⵉⵚ)
|leader_title2 = [[Prime Meenister o Morocco|Prime Meenister]]
|leader_name2 = [[Aziz Akhannouch]] (عزيز أخنوش, ⵄⴰⵣⵉⵣ ⴰⵅⵏⵓⵛ)
|legislature = [[Pairlament o Morocco|Pairlament]]
|upper_house = [[Hoose o Cooncillors (Morocco)|Hoose o Cooncillors]]
|lower_house = {{nowrap|[[Hoose o Representatives (Morocco)|Hoose o Representatives]]}}
|sovereignty_type = [[History o Morocco|Moroccan stateheid]]
|established_event1 = {{nowrap|[[Idrisid dynasty]] {{small|(first)}}}}
|established_date1 = 789
|established_event2 = {{nowrap|[[Alaouite dynasty]] {{small|(current)}}}}
|established_date2 = 1666
|established_event3 = {{nowrap|[[History o Morocco#European influence|Pertectorate established]]}}
|established_date3 = 30 March 1912
|established_event4 = {{nowrap|[[History o Morocco#Independent Morocco: syne 1956|Unthirldom]]}}
|established_date4 = 7 April 1956
|area_km2 = 710,850
|area_footnote = {{nowrap|<br/>{{raise|0.15em|or 446,550 km{{sup|2}}{{ref label|Territory|b|}}}}}}
|area_rank = 40t or 58t
|area_sq_mi = 274,460 sq mi<!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]-->{{nowrap|<br/>{{raise|0.15em|or 172,413 {{ref label|Territory|b|}}}}}}
|percent_water = {{nowrap|0.056 {{small|(250 km{{sup|2}})}}}}
|population_census = 33,848,242<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hcp.ma/Note-sur-les-premiers-resultats-du-Recensement-General-de-la-Population-et-de-l-Habitat-2014_a1516.html |title=Note sur les premiers résultats du Recensement Général de la Population et de l’Habitat 2014 |year=2015 |publisher=[[Haut Commissariat au Plan|HCP]] |accessdate=22 December 2015}}</ref>
|population_census_year = 1 September 2014
|population_density_km2 = 73.1
|population_density_sq_mi = 189.3 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]-->
|population_density_rank = 
|GDP_PPP = $274.53&nbsp;billion<ref>{{cite web|url=http://knoema.com/atlas/Morocco/GDP-PPP-based|title=Morocco – GDP (PPP based)|work=Knoema}}</ref> <!--Do not edit!-->
|GDP_PPP_year = 2015
|GDP_PPP_rank = 
|GDP_PPP_per_capita = $8,194<ref>{{cite web|url=http://knoema.com/atlas/Morocco/GDP-per-capita-PPP-based|title=Morocco – GDP per capita (PPP based)|work=Knoema}}</ref> <!--Do not edit!-->
|GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 
|GDP_nominal = $103.08&nbsp;billion<ref>{{cite web|url=http://knoema.com/atlas/Morocco/GDP|title=Morocco – GDP|work=Knoema}}</ref> <!--Do not edit!-->
|GDP_nominal_year = 2015
|GDP_nominal_rank = 
|GDP_nominal_per_capita = $3,077<ref>{{cite web|url=http://knoema.com/atlas/Morocco/GDP-per-capita|title=Morocco – GDP per capita|work=Knoema}}</ref><!--Do not edit!-->
|GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 
|Gini = 40.9 <!--number only-->
|Gini_year = 2007
|Gini_ref = <ref>{{cite web|url=http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI/|title=World Bank GINI index}}</ref>
|HDI = 0.628 <!--number only-->
|HDI_year = 2014<!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year-->
|HDI_change = increase <!--increase/decrease/steady-->
|HDI_ref = <ref name="HDI">{{cite web |url=http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr_2015_statistical_annex.pdf |title=2015 Human Development Report  |year=2015 |accessdate=15 December 2015 |publisher=United Nations Development Programme }}</ref>
|HDI_rank = 126t
|currency = [[Moroccan dirham]]
|currency_code = MAD
|time_zone = [[Greenwich Mean Time|GMT]]<ref>[http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites.aspx?id=395 L'horaire d'été (GMT+1) maintenu jusqu'au 27 octobre 2013] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202002138/http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites.aspx?id=395 |date=2017-02-02 }}, Ministère de la Fonction Publique et de la Modernisation de l'Administration. Retrieved 20 January 2017.</ref>
|utc_offset = &#8203;<!--NOTE: Please do not remove. This is a blank character entity so that the infobox displays "UTC" without a specified offset.-->
|utc_offset_DST = +1
|time_zone_DST = [[Greenwich Mean Time|GMT]]+1
|drives_on = right
|calling_code = [[+212]]
|cctld = [[.ma]]
|footnote_a = {{note|Offeecial releegion}} [[State releegion|Offeecial releegion]].
|footnote_b = {{note|Territory}} The area {{convert|446550|km2|abbr=on}} excludes aw disputit territories, while {{convert|710850|km2|abbr=on}} includes the Moroccan-admeenistered pairts o [[Wastren Sahara]] (claimed as the [[Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic]] bi the [[Polisario Front]]).
|religion = [[Sunni Islam]]{{ref label|Offeecial releegion|a|}} (offeecial)<ref>{{cite web|title=Morocco in CIA World Factbook|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/mo.html|website=CIA.gov|access-date=2010-10-10|archive-date=2018-12-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226055346/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/mo.html%20|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|area_magnitude = 1_E10
|population_rank = 
}}

{{automatic taxobox
| name = Salamanders 
| fossil_range = <br>[[Late Jurassic]] – [[Holocene|Present]],<ref name=anderson>{{cite journal|doi=10.1073/pnas.1202491109|title=Fossils, molecules, divergence times, and the origin of Salamandroidea|journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences|volume=109|issue=15|pages=5557–5558|year=2012|last1=Anderson|first1=J. S.|pmid=22460794|pmc=3326514}}</ref> {{Fossil range|160|0|earliest=168}}
| image = SpottedSalamander.jpg
| image_caption = [[Spottit salamander]], ''Ambystoma maculatum''
| taxon = Urodela
| authority = [[André Marie Constant Duméril|Duméril]], 1806
| range_map = Cypron-Range Caudata.svg
| range_map_caption = Native distribution o salamanders (in green)
| subdivision_ranks = Suborders
| subdivision =
[[Cryptobranchoidea]]<br>
[[Salamandroidea]]<br>
}}
'''Salamanders''' are ony o approximately 550 extant species o [[amphibian]]s within the [[Order (biology)|order]] '''Caudata'''.<ref name=Blackburn2011>{{cite journal| author=Blackburn, D.C.; Wake, D.B.| title=Class Amphibia Gray, 1825. In: Zhang, Z.-Q. (Ed.) Animal biodiversity: An outline of higher-level classification and survey of taxonomic richness | journal=Zootaxa| volume=3148| year=2011| pages=39–55| url=http://mapress.com/zootaxa/2011/f/zt03148p055.pdf}}</ref> Thay are typically characterized bi a superficially [[lizard]]-lik appearance, wi slender bodies, short noses, an lang tails. Aw kent fossil salamanders an aw extinct species faw unner the order '''Caudata''', while sometimes the extant species are grouped thegither as the '''Urodela'''.<ref name="larson">{{Cite journal| author = Larson, A.; Dimmick, W. | year = 1993| title = Phylogenetic relationships of the salamander families: an analysis of the congruence among morphological and molecular characters| periodical = Herpetological Monographs|  volume =7| issue = 7| pages = 77–93| doi =10.2307/1466953|  jstor =1466953}}</ref> Salamanders hae never mair nor fower taes on thair front legs an five on thair rear legs, but some species hae fewer. Thair moist skin uisually maks them reliant on habitats in or near watter, or unner some pertection (e.g., moist grund), eften in a [[wetland]]. Some salamander species are fully aquatic throughoot life, some tak tae the watter intermittently, an some are entirely terrestrial as adults. Unique amang [[vertebrate]]s, thay are capable o [[regeneration (biology)|regeneratin]] lost limbs, as well as ither body pairts. Mony o the members o the [[Faimily (biology)|faimily]] [[Salamandridae]] are kent as [[esk]]s.

|timezone = [[Eastren European Time|EET]]
 |utc_offset = +2
 |map_caption = Location o Kayseri athin Turkey.
 |timezone_DST = [[Eastren European Simmer Time|EEST]]
 |utc_offset_DST = +3
 |official_name = Kayseri
 |image_skyline = Kayseri Turkey.jpg
 |image_caption = A view frae central Kayseri
 |image_blank_emblem = 
 |blank_emblem_type = 
 | subdivision_type1 = [[Regions o Turkey|Region]]|
subdivision_name1 = [[Central Anatolie Region|Central Anatolie]]
 |subdivision_type2 = [[Provinces o Turkey|Province]]|
subdivision_name2 = Kayseri
 | population_metro =  1.064.164
 |population_urban =
 |population_as_of = 2010
 |population_footnotes = <ref name=ks2010>http://report.tuik.gov.tr/reports/rwservlet?adnks {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111004070203/http://report.tuik.gov.tr/reports/rwservlet?adnks |date=2011-10-04 }} = &report = turkiye_il_koy_sehir.RDF&p_kod = 1&desformat = html&ENVID = adnksEnv (TÜİK)</ref>
 |population_density_km2 = 
 |area_total_km2 = 
 |elevation_m = 1050
 |pushpin_map = Turkey
 |pushpin_label_position = <!-- the position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none -->
 |pushpin_map_caption = Location o Kayseri, Turkey
 |pushpin_mapsize = 
 |coordinates = {{coord|38|44|N|35|29|E|region:TR|display=inline}}
 |postal_code_type = [[Postal code]]|
postal_code = 38x xx
 |blank_info = 38|blank_name = [[Turkis caur number plates|Licence&nbsp;plate]]|
 area_code = (+90) 352
 |leader_title = Mayor
 |leader_name = Mehmet Özhaseki ([[Juistice an Development Pairty (Turkey)|AKP]]) 
 |website = [http://www.kayseri.bel.tr www.kayseri.bel.tr] <br>[http://www.kayseri.gov.tr www.kayseri.gov.tr]
}}

{{Fixscots}}

{{fixscots}}

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|capital_of=Republic o Dagestan
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|adm_ctr_of1=Ceety o Derbent
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{{fixscots}}{{stub}}'''Mao Zedong Thought''' ({{zh|t=毛澤東思想|s=毛泽东思想|p=Máo Zédōng Sīxiǎng}}), or '''Maoism''', is a [[poleetical]] theory derived frae the teachins o the [[Cheenae|Cheenese]] poleetical leader [[Mao Zedong]] (1893–1976). Developed frae the 1950s till the [[Deng Xiaoping]] reforms in the 1970s, it wis widely applied as the guidin poleetical an militar ideology o the [[Communist Pairty o Cheenae]] (CPC), an as theory guidin revolutionary muivements aroond the warld. The essential difference atween Maoism an ither forms o [[Marxism]] is that Mao claimed that peasants should be the essential revolutionary cless in Cheenae, acause, contrar tae thair industrial wirkin "comrades," thay war mair suitit tae establishin a successfu revolution an socialist society in Cheenae.

'''Popov Island''' ([[Roushie leid|Roushie]]: ''Остров Попова'', {{Coord|42|57|N|131|43|E}}) is a ane o [[island]]s in [[Eugénie de Montijo Archipelago]] in [[Peter the Great Gulf]] in 20 km tae the sooth o [[Zolotoy Rog]] atween [[Reyneke Island|Reyneke]] an [[Russky Island]]s. It is named efter admiral [[Andrey Alexandrovich Popov]]. Aurie is 12,4 sq.km. Population: 1316 (2005) in twa settlements (''Stark'' an ''Popova''). Admeenistratively the island is unner [[Vladivostok]]'s jurisdiction.

A '''navy''' is the brainch o a kintra's airmed-forces that is reponsible for naval an amphibious warfare. It is componed o surface ships, ampheebious ships, submarines an seaborne aviation, asweel as communications an logeestics amang ither things. The ettle o a navy is tae project force ayont a nation's shores an tae stap ither kintras attackin bi sea. It micht incorporate a kintra's nuclear deterrence throu the uiss o nucelar wappens an aw.

instead -->
| type                    = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment]]
| image_skyline           =
| image_alt               =
| image_caption           =
| image_flag              =
| flag_alt                =
| image_shield            = Coat of Arms of Corsica.svg
| shield_alt              =
| nickname                =
| motto                   =
| image_map               = Corse-du-Sud-Position.svg
| map_alt                 =
| map_caption             = Location o Corse-du-Sud in Fraunce
| pushpin_map             =
| pushpin_label_position  =
| pushpin_map_alt         =
| pushpin_map_caption     =
| coordinates             = {{coord|41|51|N|9|2|E|type:adm2nd_region:FR|display=inline,title}}
| coor_pinpoint           =
| coordinates_footnotes   =
| subdivision_type        = Kintra
| subdivision_name        = Fraunce
| subdivision_type1       = [[Regions o Fraunce|Region]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[Corsicae]]
| established_title       =
| established_date        =
| founder                 =
| seat_type               = [[Prefecturs in Fraunce|Prefectur]]
| seat                    = [[Ajaccio]]
| parts_type              = [[Subprefecturs in Fraunce|Subprefecturs]]
| parts_style             = para
| p1                      = [[Sartène]]
| government_footnotes    =
| leader_party            = [[Miscellaneous richt|DVD]]
| leader_title            = [[Preses o the general cooncil|Preses o the Depairtemental Cooncil]]
| leader_name             = Pierre-Jean Luciani
| unit_pref               = Metric<!-- or US or UK -->
| area_magnitude          =
| area_footnotes          = {{ref|area|1}}
| area_total_km2          = 4014
| area_note               =
| elevation_footnotes     =
| elevation_m             =
| elevation_min_m         =
| elevation_max_m         =
| population_footnotes    =
| population_total        = 145846
| population_as_of        = 2011
| population_rank         = [[List of French departments by population|99th]]
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_demonym      =
| population_note         =
| blank_name_sec1         = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment nummer]]
| blank_info_sec1         = 2A
| blank_name_sec2         = [[Arrondissements o Fraunce|Arrondissements]]
| blank_info_sec2         = [[arrondissements o the Corse-du-Sud depairtment|2]]
| blank1_name_sec2        = [[Cantons in Fraunce|Cantons]]
| blank1_info_sec2        = [[cantons o the Corse-du-Sud depairtment|11]]
| blank2_name_sec2        = [[Communes in Fraunce|Communes]]
| blank2_info_sec2        = [[communes o the Corse-du-Sud depairtment|124]]
| timezone1               = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset1             = +1
| timezone1_DST           = [[Central European Simmer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset1_DST         = +2
| postal_code_type        =
| postal_code             =
| area_code_type          =
| area_code               =
| iso_code                =
| website                 =
| footnotes               = {{note|area|1}} French Land Register data, which exclude [[estuary|estuaries]], an lochs, ponds, an glaciers lairger nor 1&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>
}}
'''Corse-du-Sud''' ({{IPA-fr|kɔʁs.dy.syd}}; {{lang-co|Corsica suttana}} or {{lang|co|Pumonte}}) ({{lang-sco|Soothren Corsicae}}) is a [[Depairtments o Fraunce|depairtment]] o [[Fraunce]] componit o the soothren pairt o the island o [[Corsicae]].

{{Chembox
| Verifiedfields = chynged
| Watchedfields = chynged
| verifiedrevid = 477238786
| ImageFile3 = Acetic acid.jpg
| ImageFile3_Ref = {{chemboximage|correct|??}}
| ImageSize3 = 244
| ImageName3 = Sample o acetic acid in a reagent bottle
| ImageFileL1 = Acetic-acid-2D-skeletal.svg
| ImageFileL1_Ref = {{chemboximage|correct|??}}
| ImageNameL1 = Skeletal formula o acetic acid
| ImageFileR1 = Acetic-acid-CRC-GED-3D-vdW-B.png
| ImageFileR1_Ref = {{chemboximage|correct|??}}
| ImageNameR1 = Spacefill model o acetic acid
| ImageFileL2 =Acetic-acid-2D-flat.png
| ImageFileL2_Ref = {{chemboximage|correct|??}}
| ImageNameL2 = Skeletal formula o acetic acid wi aw explicit hydogens addit
| ImageFileR2 = Acetic-acid-CRC-GED-3D-balls-B.png
| ImageFileR2_Ref = {{chemboximage|correct|??}}
| ImageNameR2 = Baw an stick model o acetic acid
| IUPACName = Acetic acid<ref>{{cite book | title=A Guide to IUPAC Nomenclature of Organic Compounds (Recommendations 1993) | publisher=Blackwell Scientific publications | author=IUPAC, Commission on Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry | year=1993 | chapter=Table 28(a) Carboxylic acids and related groups. Unsubstituted parent structures | url=http://www.acdlabs.eu/iupac/nomenclature/93/r93_705.htm | isbn=0-632-03488-2 | access-date=2014-04-28 | archive-date=2018-12-25 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225011608/http://www.acdlabs.eu/iupac/nomenclature/93/r93_705.htm%20 | url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url = http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=176|title = Acetic Acid - PubChem Public Chemical Database|work = The PubChem Project|location = USA|publisher = National Center for Biotechnology Information}}</ref>
| SystematicName = Ethanoic acid<ref name="BB-prs310305">IUPAC Provisional Recommendations 2004 [http://old.iupac.org/reports/provisional/abstract04/BB-prs310305/Chapter1.pdf Chapter P-12.1; page 4]</ref>
| OtherNames = Methanecarboxylic acid<ref>{{cite book|title=Scientific literature reviews on generally recognized as safe (GRAS) food ingredients|publisher=National Technical Information Service|year=1974|page=1}}</ref><ref>"Chemistry", volume 5, Encyclopedia Britannica, 1961, page 374</ref>
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
|  Abbreviations = AcOH
|  CASNo = 64-19-7
|  CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
|  PubChem = 176
|  PubChem_Ref = {{Pubchemcite|correct|pubchem}}
|  ChemSpiderID = 171
|  ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
|  UNII = Q40Q9N063P
|  UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
|  EINECS = 200-580-7
|  UNNumber = 2789
|  DrugBank_Ref = {{drugbankcite|correct|drugbank}}
| DrugBank = DB03166
|  KEGG = D00010
|  KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|changed|kegg}}
|  MeSHName = Acetic+acid
|  ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEBI = 15366
|  ChEMBL = 539
|  ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
|  IUPHAR_ligand = 1058
|  RTECS = AF1225000
|  ATCCode_prefix = G01
|  ATCCode_suffix = AD02
|  ATC_Supplemental = {{ATC|S02|AA10}}
|  Beilstein = 506007
|  Gmelin = 1380
|  3DMet = B00009
|  RTECS = AF1225000
|  SMILES = CC(O)=O
|  StdInChI = 1S/C2H4O2/c1-2(3)4/h1H3,(H,3,4)
|  StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
|  StdInChIKey = QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N
|  StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
}}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
|  C = 2
|  H = 4
|  O = 2
|  ExactMass = 60.021129372 g mol<sup>-1</sup>
|  Appearance = Colourless liquid
|  Odor = vinegar-like
|  Density = 1.049 g cm<sup>-3</sup>
|  Solubility = [[Miscible]]
|  MeltingPtK = 289
|  MeltingPtKH = 290
|  BoilingPtK = 391
|  BoilingPtKH = 392
|  LogP = -0.322
|  pKa = 4.76
|  pKb = 9.198
|  Viscosity = 1.22 mPa s
|  RefractIndex = 1.371
|  Dipole = 1.74 D
}}
| Section4 = {{Chembox Thermochemistry
|  DeltaHf = -483.88--483.16 kJ mol<sup>-1</sup>
|  DeltaHc = -875.50--874.82 kJ mol<sup>-1</sup>
|  Entropy = 158.0 J K<sup>-1</sup> mol<sup>-1</sup>
|  HeatCapacity = 123.1 J K<sup>-1</sup> mol<sup>-1</sup>
}}
| Section5 = {{Chembox Hazards
|  GHSPictograms = {{GHS02}} {{GHS05}}
|  GHSSignalWord = Danger
|  HPhrases = {{H-phrases|226|314}}
|  PPhrases = {{P-phrases|280|305+351+338|310}}
|  EUIndex = 607-002-00-6
|  EUClass = {{Hazchem C}}
|  RPhrases = {{R10}}, {{R35}}
|  SPhrases = {{S1/2}}, {{S23}}, {{S26}}, {{S45}}
|  NFPA-F = 2
|  NFPA-H = 3
|  NFPA-R = 0
|  FlashPtC = 40
|  AutoignitionC = 427
|  LD50 = 3.31 g kg<sup>-1</sup>, oral (rat)
|  ExploLimits = 4-16%
}}
| Section6 = {{Chembox Related
|  Function = [[carboxylic acid]]s
|  OtherFunctn = [[Formic acid]]<br />[[Propionic acid]]
|  OtherCpds = [[Acetaldehyde]]<br />
[[Acetamide]]<br />
[[Acetic anhydride]]<br />
[[Acetonitrile]]<br />
[[Acetyl chloride]]<br />
[[Ethanol]]<br />
[[Ethyl acetate]]<br />
[[Potassium acetate]]<br />
[[Sodium acetate]]<br />
[[Thioacetic acid]]
}}
}}
'''Acetic acid''' {{IPAc-en|ə|ˈ|s|iː|t|ɨ|k}} (seestematically named '''ethanoic acid''' {{IPAc-en|ˌ|ɛ|θ|ə|ˈ|n|oʊ|ɨ|k}}) is an [[organic compoond]] wi the [[chemical formula]] CH<sub>3</sub>COOH (an aa written as CH<sub>3</sub>CO<sub>2</sub>H or C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub>O<sub>2</sub>).

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| frequently updated     = yes <!-- DO NOT include this parameter unless you know what it does -->
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| language count         = <!-- DO NOT include this parameter unless you know what it does -->
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| website                = {{URL|mediawiki.org}}
| standard               = 
| AsOf                   = 
}}
'''MediaWiki''' is the name o the saftware that gars aw Wikimedia projects rin. MediaWiki wis stairtit in [[2003]]. The saftware is liecensed throw the [[GFDL|Gnu]] General Public Liecense.

{{unsoorced}}
[[Image:Portencross from the pier.jpg|thumb|300px|Portencross viewed frae its pier]]
'''Portencross''' ({{lang-gd|Port na Crois}}) is a [[clachan]] near Farland Heid in [[North Ayrshire]], Scotland.

{{infobox cadmium}}
'''Cadmium''' is a [[chemical element]] wi the seembol '''Cd''' an [[atomic nummer]] 48. This saft, bluish-white metal is chemically seemilar tae the twa ither stable metals in [[group 12 element|group 12]], [[zinc]] an [[mercur (element)|mercur]]. Lik zinc, it prefers [[oxidation state]] +2 in maist o its compoonds an lik mercur it shaws a law meltin pynt compared tae [[transeetion metal]]s. Cadmium an its [[Congener (chemistry)|congeners]] are nae always considered transeetion metals, in that thay dae nae hae pairtly filled d or f electron shells in the elemental or common oxidation states. The average concentration o cadmium in the Yird's crust is atween 0.1 an 0.5 pairts per million (ppm). It wis discovered in 1817 simultaneously bi [[Friedrich Stromeyer|Stromeyer]] an [[Karl Samuel Leberecht Hermann|Hermann]], baith in Germany, as an impurity in [[zinc carbonate]].

]]
The '''exosphere''' ({{lang-grc|ἔξω}} {{lang|grc-Latn|''éxō''}} "ootside, freemit, ayont", {{lang-grc|σφαῖρα}} {{lang|grc-Latn|''sphaĩra''}} "sphere") is a thin, atmosphere-lik volume surroondin a [[planet]] or [[naitural satellite]] whaur [[molecule]]s are gravitationally boond tae that bouk, but whaur the density is too law for them tae behave as a gas bi [[pairticle collision|collidin]] wi ilk ither.<ref name="NASA-20150817">{{cite web |last=Steigerwald |first=William |title=NASA's LADEE Spacecraft Finds Neon in Lunar Atmosphere |url=http://www.nasa.gov/content/goddard/ladee-lunar-neon |date=17 August 2015 |publisher=[[NASA]] |accessdate=18 August 2015 }}</ref>

{{taxobox
|image = Grote weegbree bloeiwijze Plantago major subsp. major.jpg
|regnum = [[Plantae]]
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Asterids]]
|ordo = [[Lamiales]]
|familia = [[Plantaginaceae]]
|genus = ''[[Plantago]]''
|species = '''''P. major'''''
|binomial = ''Plantago major''
|binomial_authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]
}}
'''''Plantago major''''', kent bi siccan names as '''curl-doddy <ref>{{cite web |title=Dictionary of the Scots Language:: SND :: curldoddy |url=https://dsl.ac.uk/entry/snd/curldoddy |access-date=2020-09-14 |archive-date=2021-05-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210515105110/https://www.dsl.ac.uk/entry/snd/curldoddy |url-status=dead }}</ref>''', '''healin-blade'''<ref>{{cite web |title=Dictionary of the Scots Language:: SND :: healing blade |url=https://dsl.ac.uk/entry/snd/healing_blade |access-date=2020-09-14 |archive-date=2021-09-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210926044900/https://dsl.ac.uk/entry/snd/healing_blade |url-status=dead }}</ref>, or '''wayburn-leaf'''<ref>{{cite web |title=Dictionary of the Scots Language:: SND :: wayburnleaf |url=https://dsl.ac.uk/entry/snd/wayburnleaf |access-date=2020-09-14 |archive-date=2021-09-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210926031618/https://dsl.ac.uk/entry/snd/wayburnleaf |url-status=dead }}</ref> is a species o [[flouerin plant]] in the plantain faimily [[Plantaginaceae]]. The plant is native tae maist o [[Europe]] an northren an central [[Asie]],<ref name=nhm>Natural History Museum: [http://internt.nhm.ac.uk/jobj/java/runjava.jobj?java=ctol.CTOLServer&method=printNamePage&accountref=987&NAMEID=8213 ''Plantago major''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080211181336/http://internt.nhm.ac.uk/jobj/java/runjava.jobj?java=ctol.CTOLServer&method=printNamePage&accountref=987&NAMEID=8213 |date=2008-02-11 }}</ref><ref name=flora>''Flora Europaea'': [http://rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk/cgi-bin/nph-readbtree.pl/feout?FAMILY_XREF=&GENUS_XREF=Plantago&SPECIES_XREF=major&TAXON_NAME_XREF=&RANK= ''Plantago major'']</ref><ref name=pakistan>''Flora of Pakistan'': [http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=5&taxon_id=200022050 ''Plantago major'']</ref> but haes settelt in a guid mony ither pairts o the warld.<ref name=nhm/><ref name=grin>Germplasm Resources Information Network: [http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?28788 ''Plantago major''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090528051749/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?28788 |date=2009-05-28 }}</ref>

{{Taxobox
| name = Plants
| fossil_range = {{long fossil range|Mesoproterozoic|present}}
| image = Diversity of plants image version 5.png
| image_caption =
| domain = [[Eukaryota]]
| unranked_regnum = [[Archaeplastida]]
| regnum = '''Plantae'''
| regnum_authority = ''sensu'' Copeland, 1956
| subdivision_ranks = Divisions
| subdivision =
* [[extinction|†]]'''[[Nematophytes]]''' (?)
* '''[[Chlorophyta]]'''
** [[Palmophyllales]]
** [[Prasinophyceae]]
** [[Nephroselmidophyceae]]
** [[Pseudoscourfieldiales]]
** [[Pyramimonadophyceae]]
** [[Mamiellophyceae]]
** [[Scourfieldiales]]
** [[Pedinophyceae]]
** [[Chlorodendrophyceae]]
** [[Trebouxiophyceae]]
** [[Ulvophyceae]]
** [[Chlorophyceae]]
*'''[[Streptophyta]]''' s.l.
** [[Chlorokybophyceae|Chlorokybophyta]]
** [[Mesostigmatophyceae|Mesostigmatophyta]]
** [[Klebsormidiophyceae|Klebsormidiophyta]]
** [[Charophyta]] (stoneworts)
** [[Chaetosphaeridiales]]
** [[Coleochaetophyceae|Coleochaetophyta]]
** [[Zygnematophyceae|Zygnematophyta]]
** [[Embryophyta]] (land plants)
| synonyms=
* [[Viridiplantae]] <small>Cavalier-Smith 1981</small><ref name=CavalierSmith1981>{{cite journal |first=T. |last=Cavalier-Smith|date=1981|title=Eukaryote kingdoms: Seven or nine?|journal=BioSystems|volume=14|issue=3–4|pages=461–481|doi=10.1016/0303-2647(81)90050-2|pmid=7337818}}</ref>
* Chlorobionta <small>Jeffrey 1982, emend. Bremer 1985, emend. Lewis and McCourt 2004</small><ref name=LewisMcCourt>{{cite journal|last1=Lewis|first1=L.A.|first2=R.M.|last2=McCourt|date=2004|title=Green algae and the origin of land plants|journal=American Journal of Botany|volume=91|pages=1535–1556|doi=10.3732/ajb.91.10.1535|pmid=21652308}}</ref>
* Chlorobiota <small>Kenrick and Crane 1997</small><ref name=KenrickCrane1997>{{cite book |last1=Kenrick|first1=Paul|last2=Crane|first2=Peter R.|date=1997|title=The origin and early diversification of land plants: A cladistic study|url=https://archive.org/details/originearlydiver0000kenr|location=Washington, D. C.|publisher=Smithsonian Institution Press|isbn=1-56098-730-8}}</ref>
* Chloroplastida <small>Adl et al., 2005 </small><ref name=Adl>{{cite journal|authors=Adl, S.M.| date=2005|title=The new higher level classification of eukaryotes with emphasis on the taxonomy of protists|journal=Journal of Eukaryote Microbiology|volume= 52|pages=399–451|doi=10.1111/j.1550-7408.2005.00053.x |display-authors=etal|pmid=16248873}}</ref>
* Phyta Barkley 1939 emed. Holt & Uidica 2007
* Cormophyta Endlicher, 1836
* Cormobionta Rothmaler, 1948
* Euplanta Barkley, 1949
* Telomobionta Takhtajan, 1964
* Embryobionta Cronquist et al., 1966
* Metaphyta Whittaker, 1969
}}
'''Plants''' (an aa spelled "'''plaunts'''") are ane o five big groups ([[Kinrick (biology)|kinricks]]) o leevin things. Thay are [[autotroph]]ic [[eukaryote]]s; that means thay hae complex [[cell (biology)|cells]], an mak thair ain fuid. For ordinar, thay canna muive.

{{taxobox
|name = Persel
|image = Petroselinum crispum 003.JPG
|image_caption = Persel leafs, neapolitanum group
|regnum = [[Plantae]]
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Asterids]]
|ordo = [[Apiales]]
|familia = [[Apiaceae]]
|genus = ''[[Petroselinum]]''
|species = '''''P. crispum'''''
|binomial = ''Petroselinum crispum''
|binomial_authority = ([[Philip Miller|Mill.]]) [[Johann Mihály Fuss|Fuss]]
|synonyms = ''Apium crispum'' Mill.<br />
''Apium petroselinum'' [[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]] <br />
''Petroselinum hortense'' Hoffm.
|}}
'''Persel''' (''Petroselinum crispum'') is a plant for ordinar uised as a [[yerb]].
{{Commonscat|Petroselinum crispum}}

A '''paper clip''' (or whiles '''paperclip''') is an instrument uised tae hauld sheets o paper thegither, uisually made o [[steel]] [[weir (metal)|weir]] bent tae a luiped shape.

'''Basilicata'''({{IPA-it|baziliˈkaːta}}), kent as '''[[Lucania]]''' an aw, is a region in the sooth o [[Italy]], borderin on [[Campanie]] tae the wast, [[Apulie]] (Puglie) tae the north an east, an [[Calabrie]] tae the sooth, haein ane short soothwastren coastline on the [[Tyrrhenian Sea]] atween [[Campanie]] in the northwast an [[Calabrie]] in the soothwast, an a langer ane tae the sootheast on the [[Gulf o Taranto]] on the [[Ionian Sea]] atween Calabrie in the soothwast an [[Apulia]] in the northeast. The region can be thocht o as the "instep" o Italy, wi Calabrie functionin as the "toe" an Apulie the "heel". The region covers aboot 10,000&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup> an in 2010 haed a population o aboot 600,000. The regional caipital is [[Potenza]]. The region is dividit intae twa provinces: [[Province o Potenza|Potenza]] an [[Province o Matera|Matera]].

{{Chembox|Watchedfields=chynged|verifiedrevid=477167214|ImageFile=Ethylene-CRC-MW-dimensions-2D.png|ImageSize=160px|ImageFileL1=Ethylene-CRC-MW-3D-balls.png|ImageFileR1=Ethylene-3D-vdW.png|IUPACName=Ethene|OtherNames=|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = 91GW059KN7
| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}}
| KEGG = C06547
| InChIKey = VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYAE
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/C2H4/c1-2/h1-2H2
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N
| CASNo = 74-85-1
| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEMBL = 117822
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| PubChem = 6325
| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEBI = 18153
| SMILES = C=C
| InChI=1/C2H4/c1-2/h1-2H2
| EC_number = 200-815-3
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 6085
  }}|Section2={{Chembox Properties
| Formula = {{chem|C|2|H|4}}
| MolarMass = 28.05 g/mol
| Appearance = colourless gas
| Density = 1.178&nbsp;kg/m<sup>3</sup> at 15&nbsp;°C, gas<ref name="GESTIS">{{GESTIS|ZVG=12710|Name=Ethylene|Date=25 October 2007}}</ref>
| MeltingPtC = -169.2
| BoilingPtC = -103.7
| Solubility = 3.5&nbsp;mg/100 mL (17&nbsp;°C);{{Citation needed|date=May 2011}} 2.9&nbsp;mg/L<ref name="neilands">Neiland, O. Ya. (1990) ''Органическая химия: Учебник для хим. спец. вузов''. Moscow. Vysshaya Shkola. p. 128.</ref>
| Solubility1 = 4.22&nbsp;mg/L<ref name="neilands" />
| Solvent1 = ethanol
| Solubility2 = guid<ref name="neilands" />
| Solvent2 = diethyl ether
| pKa = 44
| ConjugateAcid = [[Ethenium]]
| MagSus = -15.30·10<sup>−6</sup> cm<sup>3</sup>/mol  }}|Section3={{Chembox Structure
| MolShape = D<sub>2h</sub>
| Dipole = zero
  }}|Section4={{Chembox Thermochemistry
| DeltaHf = +52.47 kJ/mol
| DeltaHc =
| Entropy = 219.32 J·K<sup>−1</sup>·mol<sup>−1</sup>
| HeatCapacity =
  }}|Section7={{Chembox Hazards
| ExternalSDS = [http://www.inchem.org/documents/icsc/icsc/eics0475.htm ICSC 0475]
| EUClass = {{Hazchem F+}}
| RPhrases = {{R12}} {{R67}}
| SPhrases = {{(S2)}} {{S9}} {{S16}} {{S33}} {{S46}}
| NFPA-H = 2
| NFPA-F = 4
| NFPA-R = 2
| NFPA-S =
| FlashPtC = -136
| AutoignitionPtC = 542.8
  }}<ref>[http://cameochemicals.noaa.gov/chemical/8655 ETHYLENE | CAMEO Chemicals | NOAA]. Cameochemicals.noaa.gov. Retrieved on 2016-04-24.</ref>|Section8={{Chembox Related
| OtherFunction =
| OtherFunction_label =
| OtherCompounds = [[Ethane]]<br />[[Acetylene]] <br />[[Propene]]
  }}||}}

{| class="infobox" style="border-collapse: collapse; ="1" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0" style="width:300px;"
|+ <big>'''Hampshire'''</big>
|-
| colspan=2 style="text-align: center; background: white:" | <br /> Banner o Hampshire
|-
| colspan=2 style="text-align: center; background: white;" |  
|-
| colspan=2 style="background: #f0f0f0; font-weight: bolder;" | Geography
|-
! width="45%" | Status
||[[Ceremonial coonties o Ingland|Ceremonial]] an (smawer) [[Metropolitan an nan-metropolitan coonties o Ingland|nan-metropolitan]] coonty
|-
!Region:
|[[Sooth East Ingland]]
|-
! style="font-weight: normal;" | '''[[Surface aurie|Aurie]]'''<br />- Tot<br />- Admin. council<br />- Admin. aurie
|[[Leet o ceremonial coonties o Ingland bi aurie|Rankit 9t]]<br />3,769&nbsp;km² (1,455&nbsp;sq&nbsp;mi) <br />[[Leet o admeenistrative shire coonties o Ingland bi aurie|Rankit 8t]]<br />3,679&nbsp;km² (1,420&nbsp;sq&nbsp;mi)
|-
!Admin HQ:
|[[Winchester]] 
|-
!Coonty Flouer:
|[[Tudor Rose]]
|-
![[ISO 3166-2:GB|ISO 3166-2]]:
|GB-HAM
|-
![[ONS codin seestem|ONS code]]:
|24
|-
![[Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics|NUTS]] 3:
|UKJ33
|-
| colspan=2 style="background: #f0f0f0; font-weight: bolder;" " | Demographics
|-
! style="font-weight: normal;" | '''Population'''<br />- Tot ({{English statistics year}})<br />- [[Population density|Density]]<br />- Admin. cooncil<br />- Admin. pop.
|[[Leet o ceremonial coonties o Ingland bi population|Rankit {{English cerem counties|RNK=Hampshire}}]]<br />{{English cerem counties|POP=Hampshire}}<br />{{convert|{{English cerem counties|DEN=Hampshire}}|PD/km2|PD/sqmi|abbr=on}}<br />[[Leet o nan-metropolitan coonties o Ingland bi population|Ranked {{English admin counties|RNK=Hampshire}}]]<br />{{English admin counties|POP=Hampshire}}
|-
!Ethnicity:
|96.7% White<br />1.3% S. Asian <br />0.8% Mixed <br /> 1.2% Ither
|-
| colspan=2 style="background: #f0f0f0; font-weight: bolder;" " | Politics
|-
|colspan=2 align=center|[[Hampshire County Council]]<br />http://www.hampshire.gov.uk {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060427072727/http://www.hampshire.gov.uk/ |date=2006-04-27 }}
|-
!Executive
|{{English county control|CTY=Hampshire}}
|-
! [[MPs elected in the UK general election, 2005|Members o Parliament]]
|
* [[James Arbuthnot]] [[Conservative Pairty (UK)|(C)]]
* [[Steve Brine]] [[Conservative Pairty (UK)|(C)]]
* [[John Yorke Denham|John Denham]] [[Labour Pairty (UK)|(L)]]
* [[Caroline Dinenage]] [[Conservative Pairty (UK)|(C)]]
* [[Mike Hancock (UK politeecian)|Mike Hancock]] [[Leeberal Democrats (UK)|(LD)]]
* [[Damian Hinds]] [[Conservative Pairty (UK)|(C)]]
* [[Mark Hoban]] [[Conservative Pairty (UK)|(C)]]
* [[George Hollingbery]] [[Conservative Pairty (UK)|(C)]]
* [[Gerald Howarth]] [[Conservative Pairty (UK)|(C)]]
* [[Chris Huhne]] [[Leeberal Democrats (UK)|(LD)]]
* [[Julian Lewis]] [[Conservative Pairty (UK)|(C)]]
* [[Maria Miller]] [[Conservative Pairty (UK)|(C)]]
* [[Penny Mordaunt]] [[Conservative Pairty (UK)|(C)]]
* [[Caroline Nokes]] [[Conservative Pairty (UK)|(C)]]
* [[Desmond Swayne]] [[Conservative Pairty (UK)|(C)]]
* [[Alan Whitehead]] [[Labour Pairty (UK)|(L)]]
* [[David Willetts]] [[Conservative Pairty (UK)|(C)]]
* [[Sir George Young, 6t Baronet|Sir George Young]] [[Conservative Pairty (UK)|(C)]]
|-
| colspan=2 style="background: #f0f0f0; font-weight: bolder;" " | Destricts
|-
|colspan=2|{{center|}}
#[[Gosport]]
#[[Borough of Fareham|Fareham]]
#[[City of Winchester|Winchester]]
#[[Borough of Havant|Havant]]
#[[East Hampshire]]
#[[Hart, Hampshire|Hart]]
#[[Rushmoor]]
#[[Basingstoke an Deane]]
#[[Test Valley]]
#[[Borough of Eastleigh|Eastleigh]]
#[[New Forest Destrict|New Forest]]
#[[Soothampton]] (Unitary)
#[[Portsmouth]] (Unitary)
|}
'''Hampshire''' ({{IPA-en|ˈhæmpʃ(ɪ)ə|}}; abbreviatit '''Hants''') is a [[Coonties o Ingland|coonty]] on the soothren coast o Ingland in the Unitit Kinrick. The [[coonty toun]] o Hampshire is [[Winchester]], the umwhile caipital ceety o Ingland. Hampshire is the maist populous [[ceremonial coonty]] in the [[Unitit Kinrick]] an if excludin newly formit metropolitan coonties such as the [[Wast Midlands (coonty)|Wast Midlands]], Hampshire wad be the maist populous coonty in the whole o the Unitit Kinrick. Hampshire is notable for hoosin the birthplaces o the [[Ryal Navy]], [[Breetish Airmy]], an [[Ryal Air Force]]. The ceremonial coonty borders [[Dorset]] tae the wast, [[Wiltshire]] tae the north-wast, [[Berkshire]] tae the north, [[Surrey]] tae the north-east, an [[Wast Sussex]] tae the east. The soothren boondary is the coastline o the [[Inglis Channel]] an the [[Solent]], facin the [[Isle o Wight]].

'''Gallium''' is a [[chemical element]] wi seembol&nbsp;'''Ga''' an [[atomic nummer]]&nbsp;31. Elemental gallium disnae occur in free furm in naitur, but as the gallium(III) compoonds that is in trace amoonts in [[zinc]] ores an in  [[bauxite]]. Gallium is a saft sillery metal, an elemental gallium is a brickle solit at law temperaturs. Gif it is held in the human haund lang eneuch, gallium will melt, syne it melts at the temperatur o aboot {{convert|29.76|°C|°F}} (slichtly abuin [[ruim temperatur]]). The  meltin pynt o gallium is uised as a temperatur reference pynt. The alloy [[galinstan]] (68.5% gallium, 21.5% [[indium]], an 10% [[tin]]) haes the even lawer meltin pynt o {{convert|-19|°C|°F}}, weel ablo the freezin pynt o watter. Beginnin wi its discovery in 1875 throu the era o [[semiconductor]]s, gallium wis uised primarily as an agent tae mak [[alloy]]s that melt at law temperaturs. Then, gallium became uiseful in semiconductors, includin as a [[dopant]].

{{fixscots}}
{{unsoorced}}
{{taxobox
|image = Various grains.jpg
|image_width=250px
|image caption = Various cereals an thair products
|regnum = [[Plantae]]
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Monocots]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Commelinids]]
|ordo = [[Poales]]
|familia = [[Poaceae]]
}}
A '''cereal''' is a [[Poaceae|gress]], a member o the [[Monocotyledon|monocot]] faimily [[Poaceae]],<ref>The seeds o several ither plants, such as [[buckwheat]], are an aa used in the same manner as grains, but syne thay are nae grasses, thay cannae strictly be cried such</ref> cultivatit for the edible components o its [[fuid grain|grain]] (botanically, a teep o [[fruit]] cried a [[caryopsis]]), componed o the [[endosperm]], [[cereal germ|germ]], an [[bran]].

| birth_place = [[Hamburg]], [[German Empire]]
| nationality = German
| citizenship = Germany<br />Unitit States
| death_date  = {{death date and age|1964|5|21|1882|8|26|df=y}}
| death_place = [[Göttingen]], [[Wast Germany]]
| field       = [[Pheesics]]
| workplaces  = [[Humboldt Varsity o Berlin|Varsity o Berlin]]<br />[[Varsity o Göttingen]]<br />[[Johns Hopkins Varsity]]<br />[[Varsity o Chicago]]<br />[[Metallurgical Laboratory]]
| alma_mater  = [[Varsity o Heidelberg]]<br />[[Humboldt Varsity o Berlin|Varsity o Berlin]]
| doctoral_advisor  = [[Emil Gabriel Warburg]]
| thesis_title      = Über die Beweglichkeit der Ladungsträger der Spitzenentladung
| thesis_year       = 1906
| doctoral_students = [[Wilhelm Hanle]]<br />[[Arthur R. von Hippel]]<br />[[Theodore Puck]]
| known_for   = [[Franck–Condon principle]]<br />[[Franck–Hertz experiment]]<br />[[Franck Report]]
| prizes      = {{Plainlist|
* [[Airn Cross|Iron Cross, 2nt Cless]] (1915)
* [[Hanseatic Cross]] (1916)
* [[Airn Cross|Iron Cross, 1st Cless]] (1918)
* [[Nobel Prize for Pheesics]] (1925)
* [[Max Planck Medal]] (1951)
* [[Rumford Prize]] (1955)
* [[Fellae o the Ryal Society]] (1964)
}}
}}
'''James Franck''' (26 August 1882 – 21 Mey 1964) wis a German [[pheesicist]] wha wan the 1925 [[Nobel Prize for Pheesics]] wi [[Gustav Hertz]] "for thair discovery o the laws govrenin the impact o an electron upon an atom".<ref name="Nobel Prize">{{cite web |url=http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1925/ |title=The Nobel Prize in Physics 1925 |publisher=The Nobel Foundation |accessdate=16 June 2015 }}</ref>

{{US state
|Name                        = Maine
|Fullname                    = State o Maine<br />{{native name|fr|État du Maine}}
|Flag                        = Flag of Maine.svg
|Flaglink                    = [[Banner o Maine|Banner]]
|Seal                        = Seal of Maine.svg
|Map                         = Maine in United States.svg
|Nickname                    = "The Pine Tree State"<br />"Vacationland"<ref>{{Cite news | url = http://traveltips.usatoday.com/maine-vacation-57068.html | title = Maine for Vacation | newspaper = USA Today | accessdate = August 5, 2013 | quote = There's a reason it's called "Vacationland..."}}</ref>
|Demonym                     = Mainer<ref name="mainer_definition">{{cite web|title=Dictionary.com - definition of "Mainer"|url=http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/mainer|work=Dictionary.com|accessdate=July 21, 2010}}</ref>
|Motto                       = "[[Dirigo]]"<br />(Laitin for "I leid", "I guide", or "I airt")
|Former                      = [[District o Maine]] ([[Massachusetts]])  
|State number                = 23rd state
|Capital                     = [[Augusta, Maine|Augusta]]
|LargestCity                 = [[Portland, Maine|Portland]]
|LargestMetro                = [[Portland, Maine metropolitan aurie|Portland-South Portland-Biddeford]]
|Governor                    = [[Janet Mills]] ([[Maine Democratic Pairty|D]])
|Lieutenant Governor         = [[Troy Jackson]] (D)<ref>In the event o a vacancy in the office o Governor, the Preses o the [[Maine Senate|State Senate]] is first in line for succession.</ref>
|Lieutenant Governor_alt     = Preses o the Senate
|Legislature                 = [[Maine Legislatur]]
|Upperhouse                  = [[Maine Senate|Senate]]
|Lowerhouse                  = [[Maine Hoose o Representatives|Hoose o Representatives]]
|Senators                    = [[Susan Collins]] ([[Republican Pairty (Unitit States)|R]])<br />[[Angus King]] ([[Independent politeecian|I]])
|Representative              = [[Chellie Pingree]] ([[Democratic Pairty (Unitit States)|D]])<br />[[Jared Golden]] (D)
|PostalAbbreviation          = ME
|OfficialLang                = None<ref name=language>{{cite web|title=Maine History, Language and Culture|url=http://www.worldtravelguide.net/united-states-america/maine/history-language-culture|website=worldtravelguide.net|accessdate=30 April 2015}}</ref>
|Languages                   = Inglis (92%), French (5%), Ither (3%)
|AreaRank                    = 39t
|TotalAreaUS                 = 35,385
|TotalArea                   = 91,646
|LandAreaUS                  = 30,862
|LandArea                    = 80,005
|WaterAreaUS                 = 4,523
|WaterArea                   = 11,724
|PCWater                     = 13.5
|PopRank                     = 42nt
|2010Pop                     = 1,329,328 (2015 est)<ref name="PopEstUS">{{cite web|url=http://www.census.gov/popest/data/state/totals/2015/tables/NST-EST2015-01.csv|format=CSV|title=Table 1. Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for the United States, Regions, States, and Puerto Rico: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2015|date=December 26, 2015|publisher=[[U.S. Census Bureau]]|accessdate=December 26, 2015}}</ref>
|DensityRank                 = 38t
|2000DensityUS               = 43.0
|2000Density                 = 16.6
|MedianHouseholdIncome=$50,756<ref>{{cite web|url=http://kff.org/other/state-indicator/median-annual-income/?currentTimeframe=0|work=The Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation|title=Median Annual Household Income|accessdate=December 9, 2016}}</ref>
|IncomeRank=40th
|AdmittanceOrder             = 23rd
|AdmittanceDate              = Mairch 15, 1820
|TimeZone                    = [[Eastren Time Zone (North America)|Eastern]]: [[Coordinatit Universal Time|UTC]] [[Eastren Time Zone|−5]]/[[Eastren Daylicht Time|−4]]
|Longitude                   = 66° 57′ W tae 71° 5′ W
|Latitude                    = 42° 58′ N tae 47° 28′ N
|WidthUS                     = 210
|Width                       = 338
|LengthUS                    = 320
|Length                      = 515
|HighestPoint                = [[Moont Katahdin]]<ref>{{cite ngs|id=QG1451|designation=Katahdin 2|accessdate= October 20, 2011}}</ref><ref name=USGS>{{cite web|url=http://egsc.usgs.gov/isb/pubs/booklets/elvadist/elvadist.html |title=Elevations and Distances in the United States |publisher=[[United States Geological Survey]] |year=2001 |accessdate=October 21, 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111015012701/http://egsc.usgs.gov/isb/pubs/booklets/elvadist/elvadist.html |archivedate=October 15, 2011 }}</ref><ref name=NAVD88>Elevation adjusted to [[North American Vertical Datum of 1988]].</ref>
|HighestElevUS               = 5,270
|HighestElev                 = 1606.4
|MeanElevUS                  = 600
|MeanElev                    = 180
|LowestPoint                 = [[Atlantic Ocean]]<ref name=USGS />
|LowestElevUS                = 0
|LowestElev                  = 0
|ISOCode                     = US-ME
|Website                     = www.maine.gov
|ElectoralVotes              = 4
}}
'''Maine''' is a U.S. state in the [[New Ingland]] region o the [[northeastren United States|northeastren]] [[Unitit States]]. Maine is the [[Leet o U.S. states an territories by aurie|12t smawest bi aurie]], the [[Leet o U.S. states an territories bi population|9t least populous]], an the [[Leet o U.S. states bi population density|38t maist densely populatit]] o the [[Leet o states an territories o the Unitit States|50 U.S. states]]. It is mairchit bi [[New Hampshire]] tae the west, the [[Atlantic Ocean]] tae the sootheast, an the [[Provinces an territories o Canada|Canadian provinces]] o [[New Brunswick]] an [[Quebec]] tae the northeast an northwast respectively. Maine is the eastrenmaist state in the [[contiguous Unitit States]], an the northrenmaist east o the [[Great Lochs]]. It is kent for its jaggit, rocky coastline; law, rowin muntains; hivily forestit interior; an picturesque watterweys, as weel as its seafuid cuisine, especially [[American lapster|lapster]] an [[clams]]. Thare is a [[humid continental climate]] ootthrou the state, even in coastal auries sic as its maist populous ceety o [[Portland, Maine|Portland]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather-summary.php3?s=60627&cityname=Portland%2C+Maine%2C+United+States+of+America&units=|title=Portland, Maine Climate Summary|publisher=Weatherbase|accessdate=29 December 2014}}</ref> The caipital is [[Augusta, Maine|Augusta]].

|conventional_long_name = Austrick Empire
|common_name            = Austrick
|
|image_flag             = Flag of the Habsburg Monarchy.svg
|flag                   = Banner o Austrick
|image_coat             = Imperial Coat of Arms of the Empire of Austria (1815).svg
|symbol                 = Coat o airms o Austrick
|symbol_type            = Imperial Coat o airms
|image_map              = Austrian Empire (1815).svg
|image_map_caption      = The Austrick Empire in 1815.
|
| continent              = Europe
| region                 = Central Europe
| country                = Austrick
| era                    = [[Modren history|Modren era]]
| status                 = [[States o the German Confederation|State]] o the [[German Confederation]]<br/><small>(pairtly, 1815–1866)</small>
| status_text            = 
| government_type        = [[Absolute monarchy]]
|
|stat_year1             = 1804
|stat_area1             = 698700
|stat_pop1              = 21200000
|stat_year2             = 1918
|stat_area2             = 681727
|stat_pop2              = 52000000
|year_start             = 1804
|year_end               = 1867
|
|event_start            = [[Proclamation]]
|date_start             = 11 August
|event_end              = [[Austro-Hungarian Compromise o 1867|Compromise o 1867]]
|date_end               = 30 Mairch
|event1 = [[Dissolution o the Haly Roman Empire]]
|date_event1 = 6 August 1806
|event2                 = [[Congress o Vienna]]
|date_event2            = 8 Juin 1815
|event3                 = [[October Diploma|Constitution adoptit]]
|date_event3            = 20 October 1860
|event4                 = [[Austro-Proushie War]]
|date_event4            = 14 Juin 1866
|event5                 = [[Peace o Prague (1866)|Peace o Prague]]
|date_event5            = 23 August 1866
|
|p1      = Airchduchy o Austrick
|flag_p1 = Flag of Austria.svg
|p2      = Kinrick o Bohemie
|flag_p2 = Flag of Bohemia.svg
|p3      = Kinrick o Croatie (Habsburg)
|flag_p3 = Flag of the Kingdom of Croatia (Habsburg).svg
|p4      = Kinrick o Hungary (1526–1867)
|flag_p4 = Flag of the Habsburg Monarchy.svg
|
|s1      = Austrick-Hungary
|flag_s1 = Flag of Austria-Hungary 1869-1918.svg
|s2      = Kinrick o Italy
|flag_s2 = Flag of Italy (1861-1946) crowned.svg
|
|national_motto   = ''{{lang|de|[[A.E.I.O.U.|Alles Erdreich ist Österreich untertan]]}}''<br /><small>"{{lang|sco|Aw the warld is subject tae Austrick}}"</small>
|national_anthem  = ''{{lang|de|[[Gott erhalte Franz den Kaiser]]}}''<br /><small>"{{lang|sco|God Save Emperor Francis}}"</small>
|common_languages = [[German leid|German]], [[Hungarian leid|Hungarian]], [[Czech leid|Czech]], [[Slovak leid|Slovak]], [[Pols leid|Pols]], [[Ruthenian leid|Ruthenian]], [[Slovene leid|Slovene]], [[Croatie leid|Croatie]], [[Serbie leid|Serbie]], [[Romanie leid|Romanie]], [[Italian leid|Italian]]
|religion         = [[Catholic Kirk|Roman Catholic]]
|currency         = [[Thaler]],<br/><small>(1804–1857)</small><br/>[[Vereinsthaler]]<br/><small>(1857–1867)</small>
|
|capital      = [[Vienna]]
|latd=48|latm=12|latNS=N|longd=16|longm=21|longEW=E
|largest_city = [[Vienna]]
|title_leader = [[Emperor o Austrick|Emperor]]
|leader1      = [[Francis II, Haly Roman Emperor|Francis I]]
|year_leader1 = 1804–1835
|leader2      = [[Ferdinand I o Austrick|Ferdinand I]]
|year_leader2 = 1835–1848
|leader3      = [[Franz Joseph I o Austrick|Franz Joseph I]]
|year_leader3 = 1848–1867
|title_deputy = [[Leet o Meenisters-Preses o Austrick|Meenister-Preses]]
|deputy1      = [[Klemens von Metternich|Klemens Wenzel]] <small>(first)</small>
|year_deputy1 = 1821–1848
|deputy2      = [[Coont Friedrich Ferdinand von Beust|Friedrich Ferdinand]] <small>(last)</small>
|year_deputy2 = 1867
|legislature  = [[Imperial Cooncil (Austrick)|Imperial Cooncil]]
|house1       = [[Imperial Cooncil (Austrick)#Hoose o Lairds|Herrenhaus]]
|house2       = [[Imperial Cooncil (Austrick)#Hoose o Representatives|Abgeordnetenhaus]]
|today        = {{plainlist}}
* {{flag|Austrick}}
* {{flag|Croatie}}
* {{flag|Czech Republic}}
* {{flag|Hungary}}
* {{flag|Italy}}
* {{flag|Montenegro}}
* {{flag|Poland}}
* {{flag|Romanie}}
* {{flag|Serbie}}
* {{flag|Slovakie}}
* {{flag|Slovenie}}
* {{flag|Ukraine}}
{{endplainlist}}
}}
The '''Austrick Empire''' ({{lang-de-AT|Kaiserthum Oesterreich}}, modren spellin ''{{lang|de|Kaiserthum Österreich}}'') wis creatit oot o the [[Habsburg Monarchy|realms o the Habsburgs]] bi proclamation in 1804.

'''Ignatius o Loyola''' ({{lang-eu|Ignazio Loiolakoa}}, {{lang-es|Ignacio de Loyola}}) ({{c.|October 23, 1491}}<ref name="RGV">{{cite book|title=San Ignacio de Loyola: Nueva biografía | last=García Villoslada | first=Ricardo | year=1986 |publisher=La Editorial Católica | isbn=84-220-1267-7| language=Spanish | url=http://books.google.com/?id=MmRvpVZQrEAC&printsec=frontcover|quote=We deduct that, (...), Iñigo de Loyola should have been born before October 23, 1491.}}</ref> – Julie 31, 1556) wis a [[Spaingie fowk|Spaingie]] knicht frae a [[Basque fowk|local Basque]] noble faimily, [[hermit]], [[Priesthuid (Catholic Kirk)|priest]] syne 1537, an [[Theology|theologian]], who foondit the [[Society o Jesus]] Christ (Jesuits) an, on 19 Aprile 1541, acame its first [[Superior General o the Society o Jesus|Superior General]].<ref name="Idig">{{cite book|last=Idígoras Tellechea|first=José Ignacio| title=Ignatius of Loyola: The Pilgrim Saint|chapter= When was he born? His nurse's account|publisher=Loyola University Press|location=Chicago|year=1994|isbn=0-8294-0779-0| page=45|url=http://books.google.com/?id=mWO8ZeN8D5sC&printsec=frontcover#PPA45,M1}}</ref>

instead -->
| type                    = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment]]
| image_skyline           = Tulle Préfecture.jpg
| image_alt               = 
| image_caption           = [[Prefecturs in Fraunce|Prefectur]] biggin o the Corrèze depairtment, in [[Tulle]]
| image_flag              = 
| flag_alt                = 
| image_shield            = Blason département fr Corrèze.svg
| shield_alt              = 
| nickname                = 
| motto                   = 
| image_map               = Corrèze-Position.svg
| map_alt                 = 
| map_caption             = Location o Corrèze in Fraunce
| pushpin_map             = 
| pushpin_label_position  = 
| pushpin_map_alt         = 
| pushpin_map_caption     = 
| coordinates             = {{coord|45|20|N|1|50|E|region:FR_type:adm2nd_scale:2000000|display=inline,title}}
| coor_pinpoint           = 
| coordinates_footnotes   = 
| subdivision_type        = Kintra
| subdivision_name        = Fraunce
| subdivision_type1       = [[Regions o Fraunce|Region]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[Limousin (region)|Limousin]]
| established_title       = 
| established_date        = 
| founder                 = 
| seat_type               = [[Prefecturs in Fraunce|Prefectur]]
| seat                    = [[Tulle]]
| parts_type              = [[Subprefecturs in Fraunce|Subprefecturs]]
| parts_style             = para
| p1                      = [[Brive-la-Gaillarde]]<br>[[Ussel, Corrèze|Ussel]]
| government_footnotes    = 
| leader_party            = [[Socialist Pairty (Fraunce)|PS]]
| leader_title            = [[Preses o the general cooncil|Preses o the General Cooncil]]
| leader_name             = Gérard Bonnet
| unit_pref               = Metric<!-- or US or UK -->
| area_magnitude          = 
| area_footnotes          = {{ref|area|1}}
| area_total_km2          = 5857
| area_note               = 
| elevation_footnotes     = 
| elevation_m             = 
| elevation_min_m         = 
| elevation_max_m         = 
| population_footnotes    = 
| population_total        = 242038
| population_as_of        = 2007
| population_rank         = [[Leet o French depairtments bi population|80t]]
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_demonym      = 
| population_note         = 
| blank_name_sec1         = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment nummer]]
| blank_info_sec1         = 19
| blank_name_sec2         = [[Arrondissements o Fraunce|Arrondissements]]
| blank_info_sec2         = [[arrondissements o the Corrèze depairtment|3]]
| blank1_name_sec2        = [[Cantons in Fraunce|Cantons]]
| blank1_info_sec2        = [[cantons o the Corrèze depairtment|19]]
| blank2_name_sec2        = [[Communes in Fraunce|Communes]]
| blank2_info_sec2        = [[communes o the Corrèze depairtment|286]]
| timezone1               = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset1             = +1
| timezone1_DST           = [[Central European Simmer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset1_DST         = +2
| postal_code_type        = 
| postal_code             = 
| area_code_type          = 
| area_code               = 
| iso_code                = 
| website                 = 
| footnotes               = {{note|area|1}} French Land Register data, which exclude [[estuary|estuaries]], an lochs, ponds, an glaciers lairger nor 1&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>
}}
'''Corrèze''' ({{IPA-fr|kɔ.ʁɛz}}; {{lang-oc|Corresa}}) is a [[depairtments o Fraunce|depairtment]] in sooth-wastren Fraunce, named efter the [[Corrèze River]].

{{fixscots|date=October 2020}}

{{Other uses|Melon (disambiguation)}}
[[Image:Cantaloupe and canary melon.jpg|thumb|Canary Melon an cantaloupe]]
, Roushie]]
A '''melon''' is ony o various plants o the faimily [[Cucurbitaceae]] wi edible, fleshy [[fruit]]. The wird "melon" can refer tae either the plant or specifically tae the fruit. Mony different [[cultivars]] hae been producit, pairticularly o [[muskmelon]]s.

|birth_place      = [[Milan]], [[Duchy o Milan]]
|death_date       = {{Death date and age|1565|12|9|1499|3|31|df=y}}
|death_place      = [[Roum]], [[Papal States]]
|previous_post    = {{unbulleted list|[[Airchbishop o Ragusa]] (1545-1553)|[[Santa Pudenziana|Cardinal-Priest o Santa Pudenziana]] (1549-1550)|[[Basilica di Sant'Anastasia al Palatino|Cardinal-Priest o Santa Anastasia]] (1550-1552)|Apostolic Administrator o Cassano all'Jonio (1553-1556)|Cardinal-Priest o San Stefano al Monte Celio (1553-1557)|[[Bishop o Foligno]] (1556-1557)|[[Santa Prisca|Cardinal-Priest o Santa Prisca]] (1557-1559)|Apostolic Admeenistrator o Milan (1559-1560)}}
|other            = Pius
|coat_of_arms     = Pius IV Coat of Arms.svg
}}
'''Pape Pius IV''' (31 Mairch 1499 – 9 December 1565), born '''Giovanni Angelo Medici''', wis [[Pape]] frae 25 December 1559 tae his daith in 1565.<ref>[http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12272b.htm "The List of Popes."] ''[[The Catholic Encyclopedia]]''. Vol. 12. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1911. 4 Sept. 2014</ref>

The '''Barony A Frame''' is a hained umwhile pit-heid frame in [[East Ayrshire]], [[Scotland]], locate {{Convert|2|km}} wastlins o [[Auchinleck]]. It wis biggit in 1954 as pairt o the Barony Colliery, that first sank a pit in 1907.<ref name="gaz"></ref>

[[Image:Morris Major Elite 1962.jpg|thumb|250px|Morris Major Elite]]
The '''Morris Major''' an '''Austin Lancer''' ar passenger caur models produced bi the [[British Motor Corporation (Australie)|British Motor Corporation o Australie (BMC)]] atween 1958 an 1964. The Morris Major name haed been uised afore bi [[Morris Motor Company|Morris Motors]] in Ingland, first appearin atween 1931 an 1933.

| birth_place   = Paris, Fraunce
| death_date    = {{Death date and age|1941|1|4|1859|10|18|df=y}}
| death_place   = Paris, Fraunce
| alma_mater       = [[École Normale Supérieure]]
| institutions     = [[Collège de France]]
| school_tradition = [[Continental filosofie]]<br>French [[Spiritualism (filosofie)|Spiritualism]]
| main_interests   = [[Metapheesics]], [[epistemology]], [[philosophy o leid]],<br /> [[filosofie o mathematics]]
| influences    = [[Immanuel Kant|Kant]]{{·}} [[William James|James]]{{·}} [[Charles Darwin|Darwin]]{{·}} [[Felix Ravaisson-Mollien|Ravaisson]]{{·}} [[Herbert Spencer|Spencer]]{{·}} [[Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz|Leibniz]]{{·}} [[Maine de Biran|Biran]]{{·}} [[Plotinus]]<ref>
{{cite conference
| url           = https://books.google.com/books?id=1PwTZPW1ohQC&printsec=frontcover
| title         = The Influence of Plotinus on Berson's Critique of Empirical Science
| first         = Curtis L.
| last          = Hancock
| authorlink    =
|date=May 1995
| conference    = Congress of the [[International Society for Neoplatonic Studies]] held in May 1995 at Vanderbilt University
| editor        = R. Baine Harris
| others        = [[International Society for Neoplatonic Studies]]
| volume        = 10
| edition       =
| booktitle     = Neoplatonism and Contemporary Thought
| publisher     = State University of New York Press
| location      = Albany
| isbn          = 978-0-7914-5275-2
| accessdate    = 2010-05-10
| quote         = That the philosophy of Henri Bergson is significantly influenced by the doctrines of Plotinus is indicated by the many years Bergson devoted to teaching Plotinus and the many parallels in their respective philosophies. This influence has been discussed at some length by Bergson's contemporaries, such as Emile Bréhier and Rose-Marie Rossé-Bastide. [...]
| page          = 139ff
}}
</ref>
| influenced    = [[Gilles Deleuze|Deleuze]]{{·}} [[Vladimir Jankélévitch|Jankélévitch]]{{·}}[[Nikos Kazantzakis|Kazantzakis]]{{·}}[[Gabriel Marcel|Marcel]]{{·}}[[Maurice Merleau-Ponty|Merleau-Ponty]]{{·}} [[Jean-Paul Sartre|Sartre]]{{·}} [[Marcel Proust|Proust]]{{·}}[[Alfred North Whitehead|Whitehead]]{{·}} [[Émile Bréhier|Bréhier]]{{·}} [[Édouard Le Roy|Le Roy]]{{·}} [[Necip Fazıl Kısakürek|Kısakürek]]{{·}} [[Anna-Teresa Tymieniecka|Tymieniecka]]{{·}} [[Muhammad Iqbal|Iqbal]]{{·}} [[Michel Aflaq|Aflaq]]
| notable_ideas = [[Duration (philosophy)|Duration]], [[Intuition (Bergson)|intuition]], [[élan vital]], [[open society]]
| awards        = [[Nobel Prize in Leeteratur]] (1927)
}}
'''Henri-Louis Bergson''' ({{IPA-fr|bɛʁksɔn|lang}}; 18 October 1859 &ndash; 4 Januar 1941) wis a major [[French filosofie|French filosofer]], influential especially in the first hauf o the 20t century.

'''David Hume''' ([[7 Mey]] (New Style)/[[26 Aprile|26 Apryle]] (Auld Style) [[1711]] – [[25 August]] [[1776]]) wis a [[Scotland|Scots]] economist, historian, author an [[philosophy|philosopher]]. He wis verra important in Wastren Philosophy.

{{fixscots}}
[[Image:1-12 Political Color Map World.png|thumb|400px|2011 cairt shawin kintras wi full recogneetion an ane [[Leet o states wi leemitit recogneetion|UN non-member state]]; some [[Leet o territorial disputes|disputed territories]] are nae shawn]]
A '''kintra''' is a region that is identifee'd as a distinct naitional entity in [[poleetical geografie]].

{{infobox Scotland council area
| Council        = {{ubl|Midlowden|''{{lang|en|Midlothian}}''|''{{lang|gd|Meadhan Lodainn}}''}}
| Image          = 
| SizeRank       = {{Scottish council populations|ARK=S12000019}}
| Size           = {{Scottish council populations|ARE=S12000019}}
| AdminHQ        = [[Dawkeith]]
| ISO            = GB-MLN
| ONS            = S12000019
| CouncilDetails = [[Midlowden Cooncil]]
| website        = {{url|http://www.midlothian.gov.uk/}}
| Control        = <!-- Edit (with refs per WP:VERIFY) at [[Template:Scottish council control]] -->
| MPs            = 
* [[Danielle Rowley]], Labour
| MSPs           = 
* [[Colin Beattie]], SNP
* [[Christine Grahame]], SNP
|coordinates    = {{coord|55|53|39|N|3|04|07|W|type:adm2nd_region:GB|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
}}
'''Midlowden''' ({{lang-en|Midlothian}}, {{lang-gd|Meadhan Lodainn}}) is ane o the 32 [[Cooncil areas o Scotland|cooncil areas]] o [[Scotland]], an a [[Lieutenancie areas o Scotland|lieutenancie area]] anaw. It haes mairches wi [[East Lowden]], [[Ceety o Edinburgh|Ceitie o Edinburgh]] an [[The Mairches]] cooncil areas.

'''Creauteevity''' is a phenomenon whaurby something new an somehou valuable is formed. The creatit item mey be intangible (such as an [[idea]], a [[scienteefic theory]], a [[muisical composeetion]], or a [[joke]]) or a pheesical object (such as an [[invention]], a [[Leeteratur|leeterar wark]], or a [[pentin]]).

{{infobox UK place
|country = Scotland
|static_image_name =File:Annan.jpg
 |official_name= Annan
 |gaelic_name= Inbhir Anainn <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ainmean-aite.org/database.asp?intent=details&id=826/ |title=''Ainmean-Àite na h-Alba ~ Gaelic Place-names of Scotland'' |access-date=2014-03-10 |archive-date=2022-06-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220625230508/http://www.ainmean-aite.org/database.asp?intent=details&id=826/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>
 |scots_name= Annan
 |os_grid_reference= NY19466
 |coordinates = {{coord|54.983|-3.266|display=inline,title}}
 |population= 8,389
 |population_ref=<ref>[http://www.scrol.gov.uk/scrol/browser/profile.jsp?profile=Population&mainArea=annan&mainLevel=Locality Browser Population] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120213144401/http://www.scrol.gov.uk/scrol/browser/profile.jsp?profile=Population&mainArea=annan&mainLevel=Locality |date=2012-02-13 }}. Scrol.gov.uk. Retrieved on 2013-05-05.</ref> ([[United Kingdom Census 2001|2001 Census]])<br>
est. 8,480<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090211091545/http://www.gro-scotland.gov.uk/statistics/publications-and-data/ Publications and Data]. General Register office for Scotland.</ref> (2006)
 |unitary_scotland= [[Dumfries an Gallowa]]
 |lieutenancy_scotland= [[Dumfries]]
 |post_town= ANNAN
 |postcode_district = DG12
 |postcode_area= DG
 |dial_code= 01461
 |constituency_westminster= [[Dumfriesshire, Clydesdale an Tweeddale (UK Pairliament constituency)|Dumfriesshire, Clydesdale an Tweeddale]]
 |constituency_scottish_parliament= [[Dumfriesshire (Scots Pairliament constituency)|Dumfriesshire]]
}}
'''Annan'''  is a toun an umwhile [[ryal burgh]] in [[Dumfries an Gallowa]], soothwast [[Scotland]]. Historically pairt o [[Dumfriesshire]], its public biggins includes [[Annan Academy]], o whit the scriever [[Thomas Carlyle]] wis a scholart, an a [[Georgian airchitectur|Georgian]] biggin noo kent as "Bridge House". The Toun Hoose wis biggit in [[Victorian airchitectur|Victorian]] style in 1878, uisin the local [[saundstane]]. Annan featurs a Historic Resources Centre an aw. In Port Street, some o the windaes remeens blockit up tae avyde payin the [[windae tax]].

{{infobox English county
|official_name           = Wiltshire
|flag_image              = 
|flag_link               = Banner o Wiltshire
|locator_map             =  
|coordinates             = {{coord|51|20|N|1|55|W|region:GB_type:adm1st|display=title, inline}}
|region                  = [[Sooth Wast Ingland|Sooth Wast]]
|established_date        = [[Historic coonties o Ingland|Auncient]]
|lord_lieutenant_office  = Laird Lieutenant o Wiltshire
|lord_lieutenant_name    = [[Sarah Troughton]]
|high_sheriff_office     = Heich Shirra o Wiltshire
|high_sheriff_name       = Nicola Alberry (2018–19) 
|area_total_km2          = 3485
|area_total_rank         = 14t
|ethnicity               = 2011 Census, excludin Swindon: 
93.4% White Breetish<br/>1.3% Asie<br/> 1.2% Mixed Race<br/> 0.6% Black<br/> 0.2% Ither 
|unitary_council         = [[Wiltshire Cooncil]]
|admin_hq                = [[Trowbridge]]
|iso_code                = GB-WIL
|ons_code                = 00HY
|gss_code                = E06000054
|nuts_code               = UKK15
|districts_map           = [[Image:Wiltshire Ceremonial Numbered 2009.png|150px]]
|districts_key           = {{Colorsample|#FFFF99}} Unitar
|districts_list          = 
#Wiltshire ([[Wiltshire Cooncil]])
#[[Burgh o Swindon|Swindon]] ([[Swindon Borough Cooncil]])
|MPs                     = [[Leet o Pairlamentar constituencies in Wiltshire|Leet o MPs]]
|police                  = [[Wiltshire Police]]
|website                 = {{URL|www.wiltshire.gov.uk}}<br>{{URL|www.swindon.gov.uk}}
}}
'''Wiltshire''' ({{IPAc-en|icon|ˈ|w|ɪ|l|tʃ|ər}} or {{IPAc-en|ˈ|w|ɪ|l|tʃ|ɪər}}, formerly {{IPAc-en|ˈ|w|ɪ|l|ʃ|ər}}; or the '''County of Wilts''') is a [[Landlockit kintra|landlockit]] [[Ceremonial coonties o Ingland|ceremonial coonty]] in [[Sooth Wast Ingland]]. It contains the [[unitary authority]] o [[Borough of Swindon|Swindon]] an covers {{convert|3485|km2|sqmi|abbr=in}}.<ref>http://www.wiltshire.gov.uk/lca-5{{Dead link|date=January 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} December-chapter-7.pdf</ref> The auncient [[coonty toun]] wis [[Wilton, Wiltshire|Wilton]], but syne 1930 [[Wiltshire County Council]] an its successor [[Wiltshire Council]] (frae 2009) hae been based at [[Trowbridge]].  

| native_name             = {{lower|0.1em|{{nobold|서대문구}}}}
| native_name_lang        = ko
| official_name           = {{lang|ko|{{nobold|서대문구 · 西大門區}}}}
| settlement_type         = [[Leet o destricts o Seoul|Destrict]]
<!-- images, nickname, motto --->
| image_skyline           = Seoul-Sinchon-01.jpg
| imagesize               =
| image_alt               =
| image_caption           = A street at nicht in [[Sinchon-dong]]
| image_flag              = 
| flag_alt                =
| image_seal              =
| seal_alt                =
| image_shield            =
| shield_alt              =
| image_blank_emblem      = 
| nickname                =
| motto                   =
<!-- maps and coordinates ------>
| image_map               = Seoul Seodaemun-gu.svg
| map_alt                 =
| map_caption             = Location o Seodaemun-gu in [[Seoul]]
| image_dot_map           =
| dot_mapsize             =
| dot_map_base_alt        =
| dot_map_alt             =
| dot_map_caption         =
| dot_x = |dot_y =
| pushpin_map             = 
| pushpin_label_position  = <!-- position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none -->
| pushpin_map_alt         =
| pushpin_map_caption     = &nbsp;
| coordinates             = 
| coor_pinpoint           = <!-- to specify exact location of coordinates (was coor_type) -->
| coordinates_footnotes   = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
<!-- location ------------------>
| subdivision_type        = Kintra
| subdivision_name        = [[Sooth Korea]]
| subdivision_type1       = [[Leet o regions o Korea|Region]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[Seoul Naitional Caipital Aurie|Sudogwon]]
| subdivision_type2       = [[Direct-controlled municipality#Sooth Korea|Special Ceety]]
| subdivision_name2       = [[Seoul]]
| subdivision_type3       = Admeenistrative dong
| subdivision_name3       = 14
<!-- established --------------->
| established_title       = <!-- Settled -->
| established_date        =
| founder                 =
| named_for               =
<!-- seat, smaller parts ------->
| seat_type               = <!-- defaults to: Seat -->
| seat                    =
<!-- government type, leaders -->
| government_footnotes    = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| leader_party            = [[Democratic Unitit Pairty|Democratic Unitit]]
| leader_title            = Mayor
| leader_name   = Moon Seok-Jin
| leader_title1 = Cooncil
| leader_name1 = [[Seodaemun Destrict Cooncil]]
| leader_title2 = Members o the [[Seoul Metropolitan Cooncil]]
| leader_name2 = 신원철<br />([[Democratic Unitit Pairty|Democratic Unitit]])<br />1st Electoral District<br />박운기<br />([[Democratic Unitit Pairty|Democratic Unitit]])<br />2nd Electoral District<br />김태희<br />([[Democratic Unitit Pairty|Democratic Unitit]])<br />3rd Electoral District<br />조상호<br />([[Democratic Unitit Pairty|Democratic Unitit]])<br />4th Electoral District<ref name="Seoul Metropolitan Council">{{cite web|title=Members of Council|url=http://www.smc.seoul.kr/program/cmember/cmem_01_02.jsp?menuID=001002001002|accessdate=6 April 2012|archive-date=2013-06-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130618035436/http://www.smc.seoul.kr/program/cmember/cmem_01_02.jsp?menuID=001002001002|url-status=dead}}</ref> 
| leader_title3 = Members o the [[Naitional Assembly o Sooth Korea|Naitional Assembly]]
| leader_name3 = [[Sung Hun Lee]]<br />([[Saenuri Pairty|Saenuri]])<br />Seodaemun-gu Gap district<br />[[Doo-Un Chung]]<br />([[Saenuri Pairty|Saenuri]])<br />Seodaemun-gu Eul district<ref name="National Assembly">{{cite web|title=Assembly Members|url=http://www.assembly.go.kr/renew10/mem/mem/mem_search.jsp|accessdate=6 April 2012}}</ref> 
<!-- display settings  --------->
| total_type              = <!-- to set a non-standard label for total area and population rows -->
| unit_pref               = <!-- enter: Imperial, to display imperial before metric -->
<!-- area ---------------------->
| area_magnitude          = <!-- use only to set a special wikilink -->
| area_footnotes          = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| area_total_km2          = 17.61
| area_total_sq_mi        = <!-- see table @ Template:Infobox settlement for details -->
| area_land_km2           =
| area_land_sq_mi         =
| area_water_km2          =
| area_water_sq_mi        =
| area_water_percent      =
| area_note               =
<!-- elevation ----------------->
| elevation_footnotes     = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| elevation_m             =
| elevation_ft            =
<!-- population ---------------->
| population_footnotes    = 
| population_total        = 313,814
| population_as_of        = 2010<ref name="kosispop">[http://kosis.kr/abroad/abroad_01List.jsp?parentId=A Korean Statistical Information Service (Korean) > Population and Household > Census Result (2010) > Population by Administrative district, Sex and Age / Alien by Administrative district and Sex] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130826055149/http://kosis.kr/abroad/abroad_01List.jsp?parentId=A |date=2013-08-26 }}, Retrieved 2010-06-02.</ref>
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_density_sq_mi=
| population_est          =
| pop_est_as_of           =
| population_demonym      = 서대문구민 (Seodaemun gumin)
| population_note         = 
<!-- time zone(s) -------------->
| timezone1               = [[Korea Staundart Time]]
| utc_offset1             = +9
| timezone1_DST           =
| utc_offset1_DST         =
<!-- postal codes, area code --->
| postal_code_type        =  <!-- enter ZIP code, Postcode, Post code, Postal code... -->
| postal_code             =
| area_code_type          = <!-- defaults to: Area code(s) -->
| area_code               =
<!-- website, footnotes -------->
|blank_name             =Flower
|blank_info             = [[Rose]]
|blank1_name            =Tree
|blank1_info            = [[Pine Tree]]
|blank2_name            =Bird
|blank2_info            = [[Korean Magpie]]
| website                 = [http://eng.sdm.go.kr/intro/intro02_e.php?m=4&sub=4 Seodaemun-gu official website]
| footnotes               =
}}

{{Dablink|For ither uises see [[Arkona]]}}
[[Image:Kap Arkona2.jpg|thumb|280px|View o Cape Arkona]]
[[Image:Bishop Absalon topples the god Svantevit at Arkona.PNG|280px|thumb|right|Bishop Absalon topples the god [[Svantevit]] at Arkona in [[1169]]]]
'''Cape Arkona''' ({{Lang-de|Kap Arkona}}) is a [[Heidlands an bays|cape]] on the island o [[Rügen]] in [[Mecklenburg-Vorpommern]], [[Germany]]. Cape Arkona is the tip o the [[Wittow]] peninsula, juist a few kilometres north o the [[Jasmund National Park]].

{{fixscots}}
{{stub/Science}}

|birth_date={{Birth date|1414|7|21|df=y}}
|birth_place=[[Celle Ligure]], [[Republic o Genoa]]
|death_date={{death date and age|1484|8|12|1414|7|21|df=y}}
|death_place=[[Roum]], [[Papal States]]
|other=Sixtus}}
'''Pape Sixtus IV''' (21 Julie 1414&nbsp;– 12 August 1484), born '''Francesco [[Hoose o della Rovere|della Rovere]]''', wis [[Pape]] frae 9 August 1471 tae his daith in 1484. His accomplishments as pape includit biggin the [[Sistine Chaipel]] an the creaution o the [[Vatican Leebrar|Vatican Airchives]].
{{Authority control}}

'''Staffordshire''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|s|t|æ|f|ər|d|ʃ|ɪər}} or {{IPAc-en|icon|ˈ|s|t|æ|f|ər|d|ʃ|aɪər}}; abbreviatit '''Staffs''') is a landlockit [[coonties o Ingland|coonty]] in the [[Wast Midlands (region)|Wast Midlands]] region o England. Pairt o the [[National Forest, Ingland|National Forest]] lees athin its borders. It adjoins the [[ceremonial coonties o Ingland|ceremonial coonties]] o [[Cheshire]] (tae the north wast), [[Derbyshire]] (tae the east), [[Leicestershire]] (tae the east), [[Warwickshire]] (tae the sooth east), [[Wast Midlands (coonty)|Wast Midlands]] (to the sooth), [[Worcestershire]] (tae the sooth), an [[Shropshire]] (tae the wast).

{{aboot|the caipital o Libie|ither uises|Tripoli (disambiguation)}}
 (requires [[Adobe Flash Player]]). ''[[Der Spiegel]]''. Retrieved 31 August 2011.</ref>
|population_total = 1.8 million
|population_density_km2 = 4500
|timezone = [[Eastren European Time|EET]]
|utc_offset = +2
|timezone_DST = 
|utc_offset_DST = 
|elevation_m = 81
|elevation_ft = 266
|area_code = 21
|coordinates = {{coord|32|54|8|N|13|11|9|E|region:LY|display=inline}}
}}

{{Taxobox
| name = Anacardiaceae
| image = Anacardium occidentalis Blanco1.116-cropped.jpg
| image_caption = [[Cashew]]
|regnum = [[Plantae]]
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Rosids]]
|ordo = [[Sapindales]]
| familia = '''Anacardiaceae'''
| familia_authority = ([[Robert Brown (Scots botanist frae Montrose)|R.Br.]]) [[John Lindley|Lindl.]]
| type_genus = ''[[Anacardium]]''
| subdivision_ranks = Genera
| subdivision = See text.
}}
The '''Anacardiaceae''' (the '''cashew''' or '''sumac faimily''') are a [[Faimily (biology)|faimily]] o [[flouerin plant]]s bearin [[fruit]]s that are [[drupe]]s and in some cases producin [[urushiol]], an [[Irritation|irritant]].

'''Guro-gu''' is a destrict o [[Seoul]], [[Sooth Korea]], which wis separatit frae [[Yeongdeungpo-gu]] on 1 Aprile 1980. Locatit in the southwastren pairt o the ceety, Guro-gu haes an important position as a transport link frae the rest o Seoul tae the sooth o the kintra. The name Guro oreeginates frae the legend that nine ({{lang-ko|gu}}) auld men (Korean: ''ro'') enjoyed langevity in the destrict.

[[Image:Sankt Petersburg Winterpalast 2005 e.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Yetts tae big hooses often haes fantoush [[airnwark]].]]

[[Image:'80-'84 Pontiac Phoenix 5-Door.jpg|thumb|250px|Pontiac Phoenix 5-Door]]

The '''speed o licht''' is the speed o aw [[electromagnetic waw]]s in a [[vaccuum]]. This is 299,792,458 [[metre]] per seicont (or awmaist 186,282.397 [[mile]] per seicont). A [[photon]] (pairticle o [[licht]]) traivels at this speed in a vaccuum.

A '''Mediterranean climate''' is a [[climate]] that is alike tae the climate o the launds aboot the [[Mediterranean Sea]]. Ootby the Mediterranean, ane can find this climate anerlie in raither smaa auries. For ordinar, ane can find it on the waster coasts o continental laundmasses, aboot atween latitudes 30° tae 45° north an sooth o the [[Equator]].

| location       = Mit Rahina, [[Cairo Govrenorate]], [[Egyp]]
| region         = [[Lawer Egyp]]
| type           = Settlement
| part_of        = 
| length         = 
| width          = 
| area           = 
| height         = 
| builder        = Unkent, wis already in existence during [[Iry-Hor]]'s reign<ref name="talle">P. Tallet, D. Laisnay: ''Iry-Hor et Narmer au Sud-Sinaï (Ouadi 'Ameyra), un complément à la chronologie des expéditios minière égyptiene'', in: BIFAO 112 (2012), 381-395, [http://www.academia.edu/3844520/_Iry-Hor_et_Narmer_au_Sud-Sinai_ouadi_Ameyra_ available online]</ref>
| material       = 
| built          = Possibly 31st century BC
| abandoned      = 7t century AD
| epochs         = [[Early Dynastic Period o Egyp|Early Dynastic Period]] tae [[Early Middle Ages]]
| cultures       = 
| dependency_of  = 
| occupants      = 
| event          = 
| excavations    = 
| archaeologists = 
| condition      = 
| ownership      = 
| management     = 
| public_access  = 
| website        = <!-- {{URL|example.com}} -->
| notes          = 
| designation1            = WHS
| designation1_offname    = Memphis an its Necropolis – the Pyramid Fields frae [[Giza Necropolis|Giza]] tae [[Dahshur]]
| designation1_type       = Cultural
| designation1_criteria   = i, iii, vi
| designation1_date       = 1979 (3rd [[Warld Heritage Committee|session]])
| designation1_number     = [http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/86 86]
| designation1_free1name  = Region
| designation1_free1value = [[Leet o Warld Heritage Steids in the Arab States|Arab States]]
}}
'''Memphis''' ({{lang-ar|منف}} ''{{transl|arz|Manf}}''&nbsp; {{IPA-arz|mænf|pron}}; {{lang-el|Μέμφις}}) wis the auncient caipital o [[Aneb-Hetch]], the first [[Nome (Egyp)|nome]] o [[Lawer Egyp]]. Its ruins are locatit near the toun o [[Mit Rahina]], 20 km (12 mi) sooth o [[Cairo]].

{{fixscots|date=September 2020}}

{{Chembox
| Verifiedfields = changed
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 477004235
| ImageFile1 = Carbon-dioxide-2D-dimensions.svg
| ImageFile1_Ref = {{Chemboximage|rect|??}}
| ImageSize1 = 170
| ImageName1 = Structural formula o carbon dioxide wi bond length
| ImageFileL1 = Carbon dioxide 3D ball.png
| ImageFileL1_Ref = {{Chemboximage|correct|??}}
| ImageSizeL1 = 121
| ImageNameL1 = Ball-an-stick model o carbon dioxide
| ImageFileR1 = Carbon dioxide 3D spacefill.png
| ImageFileR1_Ref = {{Chemboximage|correct|??}}
| ImageSizeR1 = 121
| ImageNameR1 = Space-fillin model o carbon dioxide
| OtherNames = Carbonic acid gas<br />Carbonic anhydride<br />Carbonic oxide<br />Carbon oxide<br />Carbon(IV) oxide<br />Dry ice (solid phase)
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
| CASNo = 124-38-9
|  CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| PubChem = 280
|  PubChem_Ref = {{Pubchemcite|correct|PubChem}}
| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|changed|EBI}}
| ChEMBL = 1231871
| ChemSpiderID = 274
|  ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| UNII = 142M471B3J
|  UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| EINECS = 204-696-9
| UNNumber = 1013
| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}}
| KEGG = D00004
| MeSHName = Carbon+dioxide
| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEBI = 16526
| RTECS = FF6400000
| ATCCode_prefix = V03
| ATCCode_suffix = AN02
| Beilstein = 1900390
| Gmelin = 989
| 3DMet = B01131
| SMILES = O=C=O
| SMILES1 = C(=O)=O
| StdInChI = 1S/CO2/c2-1-3
|  StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| InChI = 1/CO2/c2-1-3
| StdInChIKey = CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
|  StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| InChIKey = CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYAO}}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
| C = 1
| O = 2
| Appearance = Colorless gas
| Odor = Odorless
| Density = 1562 kg/m<sup>3</sup> <small>(solid at 1&nbsp;atm an −78.5&nbsp;°C)</small><br />770 kg/m<sup>3</sup> <small>(liquid at 56&nbsp;atm an 20&nbsp;°C)</small><br />1.977&nbsp;kg/m<sup>3</sup> <small>(gas at 1&nbsp;atm an 0&nbsp;°C)</small>
| Solubility = 1.45 g/L at 25&nbsp;°C, 100 kPa
| BoilingPtK = 216.6
| Boiling_notes = at 5.185&nbsp;bar
| MeltingPtK = 194.7
| Melting_notes = ''[[Sublimation (chemistry)|subl.]]''
| pKa = 6.35, 10.33
| RefractIndex = 1.1120
| Viscosity = 0.07 [[Poise|cP]] at −78.5&nbsp;°C
| VaporPressure = 5.73 MPa (20 °C)
| Dipole = 0 D
| pKa = 6.35, 10.33
}}
| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure
| CrystalStruct = trigonal
| MolShape = [[Linear (chemistry)|linear]]
}}
| Section4 = {{Chembox Thermochemistry
|   DeltaHf = −393.5&nbsp;kJ·mol<sup>−1</sup>
|   HeatCapacity = 37.135 J/K mol
|   Entropy = 214&nbsp;J·mol<sup>−1</sup>·K<sup>−1</sup>
 }}
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards
| ExternalMSDS = [http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/MSDS/MSDS/DisplayMSDSPage.do?country=PL&language=EN-generic&productNumber=295108&brand=ALDRICH&PageToGoToURL=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sigmaaldrich.com%2Fcatalog%2Fproduct%2Faldrich%2F295108%3Flang%3Dpl Sigma-Aldrich]
| NFPA-H = 1
| NFPA-F = 0
| NFPA-R = 0
| NFPA-S = SA
}}
| Section8 = {{Chembox Related
| OtherAnions = [[Caurbon disulfide]]<br />[[Caurbon diselenide]]
| OtherCations = [[Silicon dioxide]]<br />[[Germanium dioxide]]<br />[[Tin dioxide]]<br />[[Lead dioxide]]
| Function = [[caurbon]] [[oxide]]s
| OtherFunctn = [[Caurbon monoxide]]<br />[[Caurbon suboxide]]<br />[[Dicaurbon monoxide]]<br />[[Caurbon trioxide]]
| OtherCpds = [[Caurbonic acid]]<br />[[Caurbonyl sulfide]]
}}
}}
'''Caurbon dioxide''' ([[chemical formula]] '''CO<sub>2</sub>''') is a naiturally occurrin [[chemical compound]] componed o twa [[oxygen]] [[atom]]s [[covalent bond|covalently bonded]] tae a single [[caurbon]] atom. It is a [[gas]] at [[staundart temperatur an pressur]] an exists in [[Yird's atmosphere]] in this state, as a [[trace gas]] at a concentration o 0.039 per cent bi volume.<ref name=NOAA>[http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/ccgg/trends/#mlo National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) – Earth System Research Laboratory (ESRL), Trends in Carbon Dioxide] Values gien are dry air [[mole fraction]]s expressed in parts per million ([[Parts per million|ppm]]). For an [[ideal gas]] mixture this is equivalent to parts per million by volume (ppmv).</ref>

{{Year nav|1996}}

{{coord|09|10|S|171|50|W|region:TK_type:adm1st|display=title}}
 {{small|([[Tokelauan leid|Tokelauan]])<br/>"Tokelau for the Almichty"}}
|national_anthem = ''[[God Save the Queen]]''
|demonym = Tokelauan
|capital = [[Atafu]] {{small|(unoffeecial)}}&nbsp;<sup>a</sup>
|largest_city = [[Fakaofo]] {{small|(offeecial)}}
|languages_type = [[Offeecial leid|Offeecial<br/>leid]]s<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tokelau-info.tk/ |title=Tokelau Info |publisher=Tokelau-info.tk |date= |accessdate=2011-12-30}}</ref>
|official_languages = {{unbulleted list |[[Tokelauan leid|Tokelauan]] |[[Inglis leid|Inglis]] |[[Samoan leid|Samoan]]}}{{citation needed|date=March 2013}}
|government_type = {{nowrap|[[Constitutional monarchy]]}}
|leader_title1 = [[Monarchy in the Cook Islands|Monarch]]
|leader_name1 = [[Elizabeth II o New Zealand|Elizabeth II]]
|leader_title2 = [[Admeenistrators o Tokelau|Admeenistrator]]
|leader_name2 = [[Jonathan Kings]]<sup>b</sup>
|leader_title3 = {{nowrap|[[Heids o Govrenment o Tokelau|Heid o Govrenment]]}}
|leader_name3 = [[Keli Hiano Kalolo]]<sup>c</sup>
|sovereignty_type = {{nowrap|[[New Zealand]] territory}}
|established_event1 = [[#Govrenment|Tokelau Act]]
|established_date1 = 1948
|area_rank = 233rd
|area_magnitude = 1 E7
|area_km2 = 10
|area_sq_mi = 3.86
|percent_water = negligible
|population_census = 1,411<sup>d</sup>
|population_census_year = October 2011
|population_census_rank = 237t
|population_density_km2 = 115
|population_density_sq_mi = 298
|population_density_rank = 86t
|GDP_PPP_year = 1993
|GDP_PPP = $1.5 million
|GDP_PPP_rank = 227t
|GDP_PPP_per_capita = $1,035
|GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = {{small|nae ranked}}
|Gini_year = |Gini_change =  <!--increase/decrease/steady--> |Gini =  <!--number only--> |Gini_ref = |Gini_rank =
|HDI_year = |HDI_change =  <!--increase/decrease/steady--> |HDI =  <!--number only--> |HDI_ref = |HDI_rank =
|currency = [[New Zealand dollar]]
|currency_code = NZD
|time_zone =
|utc_offset = +13<ref>[http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/tokelau-wrong-time.html Tokelau: Wrong local time for over 100 years]</ref>
|time_zone_DST = |utc_offset_DST =
|drives_on = left
|calling_code = [[+690]]
|cctld = [[.tk]]
|footnote_a = Each atoll haes its ain admeenistrative centre, but Atafu will host the [[General Fono]] in 2012.<!--ITS2013NOW..-->
|footnote_b = Syne Februar 2011.
|footnote_c = Syne 2012.
|footnote_d = [http://stats.govt.nz/browse_for_stats/people_and_communities/pacific_peoples/2011-tokelau-census-landing-page/final-count-2011-tokelau-census.aspx Final count for 2011 Tokelau Census of Population and Dwellings], Statistics New Zealand. The Census population figure of 1,411 includes 268 usual residents of Tokelau who were absent on census night.
|footnotes = Some data frae the [[Warld Factbeuk]] (2004).
}}
'''Tokelau''' {{IPAc-en|ˈ|t|oʊ|k|ə|l|aʊ}} is a territory o [[New Zealand]] in the Sooth [[Paceefic Ocean]] that consists o three tropical coral [[atolls]] (frae the northwast [[Atafu]], [[Nukunonu]] an [[Fakaofo]]) wi a combined [[land aurie]] o {{convert|10|km²|0|abbr=on}} an a [[population]] o approximately 1,400. Its [[Caipital ceety|caipital]] rotates yearly atween the three atolls.<ref>{{cite web |title=Welcome to sunny Tokelau, an untouched Pacific Paradise. |url=http://www.tokelau.org.nz/}}</ref>

{{fixscots|date=Januar 2021}}

|birth_place       = [[Budapest]], [[Austrick-Hungary]]
|death_date        = {{death date and age|mf=yes|1995|1|1|1902|11|17}}
|death_place       = [[Princeton, New Jersey]], US
|citizenship       = American (post-1937)<br/>Hungarian (pre-1937)
|nationality       = 
|ethnicity         = [[Hungarian Jewish]]
|fields            = [[Theoretical pheesics]]<br/>[[Atomic pheesics]]<br/>[[Nuclear pheesics]]<br/>[[Solit-state pheesics]]
|workplaces        = [[Varsity o Göttingen]]<br/>[[Varsity o Wisconsin–Madison]]<br/>[[Princeton Varsity]]<br/>[[Manhattan Project]]
|alma_mater        = [[Technical Varsity o Berlin]]
|doctoral_advisor  = [[Michael Polanyi]]
|academic_advisors = [[László Rátz]]<br/>[[Richard Becker (pheesicist)|Richard Becker]]
|doctoral_students = [[John Bardeen]]<br/>[[Victor Frederick Weisskopf]]<br/>[[Marcos Moshinsky]]<br/>[[Abner Shimony]]<br />[[Edwin Thompson Jaynes]]<br/>[[Frederick Seitz]]<br/>[[Conyers Herring]]<br/>[[Fred Tappert|Frederick Tappert]]<br/>[[Joseph O. Hirschfelder|J O Hirschfelder]]
|notable_students  = 
|known_for         = [[Bargmann–Wigner equations]]<br/>[[Conservation law (pheesics)|Law o conservation o]] [[parity (pheesics)|parity]]<br/>[[Wigner D-matrix]]<br/>[[Wigner–Eckart theorem]]<br/>[[Wigner's friend]] <br/>[[Wigner semicircle distribution]]<br/>[[Wigner's clessification]]<br/>[[Wigner distribution function]]<br/>{{nowrap|[[Wigner quasi-probability distribution]]}}<br/>[[Wigner crystal]]<br/>[[Wigner effect]]<br/>[[Wigner energy]]<br/>[[Wigner lattice]]<br/>[[Relativistic Breit–Wigner distribution]]<br/>{{nowrap|[[Modified Wigner distribution function]]}}<br/>[[Wigner–d'Espagnat inequality]]<br/>[[Gabor–Wigner transform]]<br/>[[Wigner's theorem]]<br/>[[Jordan–Wigner transformation]]<br/>[[Newton–Wigner localisation]]<br/>[[Wigner-Inonu contraction]]<br/>[[Wigner–Seitz cell]]<br/>[[Wigner–Seitz radius]]<br/>[[Thomas-Wigner rotation]]<br/>[[Wigner–Weyl transform]]<br/>[[Wigner-Wilkins Spectra]]<br/>[[6-j seembol]]<br/>[[9-j seembol]]
|awards            = [[Medal for Merit]] (1946)<br/>[[Franklin Medal]] (1950)<br/>[[Enrico Fermi Awaird]] (1958)<br/>[[Atoms for Peace Awaird]] (1959)<br/>[[Max Planck Medal]] (1961)<br/>[[Nobel Prize in Pheesics]] (1963)<br/>[[Naitional Medal o Science]] (1969)<br/>[[Albert Einstein Awaird]] (1972)<br/>[[Wigner Medal]] (1978)
|signature         = eugene_wigner_sig.jpg
|footnotes         = 
|spouse=Amelia Frank (1936–1937; her daith)<br/>Mary Annette Wheeler (1941–1977; her daith; 2 bairns)<br/>Eileen Clare-Patton Hamilton (1 bairn) (died November 21, 2010)
}}
'''Eugene Paul''' "'''E. P.'''" '''Wigner''' ({{lang-hu|Wigner Jenő Pál}}; November 17, 1902 – Januar 1, 1995), wis a Hungarian-American [[theoretical pheesicist]], [[ingineer]] an mathematician. He received hauf o the [[Nobel Prize in Pheesics]] in 1963 "for his contreibutions tae the theory o the [[atomic nucleus]] an the [[elementary pairticles]], pairteecularly throu the discovery an application o fundamental symmetry principles".<ref name="Prize">{{cite web |url=http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1963/ |title=The Nobel Prize in Physics 1963 |accessdate=May 19, 2015 |publisher=Nobel Foundation}}</ref> His brither-in-law wis [[Paul Dirac]], whose wife wis Wigner's sister.<ref>[[George Gamow]]'', Thirty Years That Shook Physics'' (1985 Dover Publications paperback reprint o a beuk first publisht in 1966 bi Doubleday), pp. 120-121: "Several years later Dirac married 'Wigner's sister,' so called because she was the sister of the noted Hungarian theoretical physicist Eugene Wigner."</ref>

''
|common_name = Guam
|image_flag = Flag of Guam.svg
|image_coat = Seal of Guam.svg
|symbol_type = Seal
|image_map = Guam on the globe (small islands magnified) (Polynesia centered).svg
|map_caption = 
|image_map2 = Guam - Location Map (2013) - GUM - UNOCHA.svg
|national_motto = 
|national_anthem =  "[[Stand Ye Guamanians|Fanohge Chamoru]]"<br><small>"Stand Ye Guamanians"</small><br>"[[The Starn-Spangled Banner]]"
| status = {{nowrap|[[Unincorporatit territories o the Unitit States|Unincorporatit an organised territory]]}}
|demonym = [[Guamanian]]
|official_languages = {{unbulleted list|[[Inglis leid|Inglis]]|[[Chamorro leid|Chamorro]]}}
|ethnic_groups = 
{{unbulleted list
 | 37.3% [[Chamorro fowk|Chamorro]]
 | 26.3% [[Filipino fowk|Filipino]]
 | 7.1% [[White fowk|White]]
 | 7% [[Chuukese fowk|Chuukese]]
 | 2.2% [[Korean fowk|Korean]]
 | 2.1% Ither
 | 2% [[Paceefic Islander|Paceefic]]
}}
|ethnic_groups_year = 2015<ref name="CIA Factbook"/>
|capital = [[Hagåtña, Guam|Hagåtña]]
|largest_settlement_type = veelage
|largest_settlement = [[Dededo]]
|membership_type = [[Sovereign&nbsp;state]]
|membership = [[Unitit States]]
|government_type = [[Unincorporatit territories o the Unitit States|Territorial]] [[Presidential seestem|presidential]] [[Republic|constitutional republic]]
|leader_title1 = [[Preses o the Unitit States|Preses]]
|leader_name1 = {{nowrap|[[Donald Trump]] ([[Republican Pairty (Unitit States)|R]])}}
|leader_title2 = [[Leet o Govrenors o Guam|Govrenor]]
|leader_name2 = {{nowrap|[[Eddie Calvo]] ([[Republican Pairty o Guam|R]])}}
|leader_title3 = [[Lieutenant Govrenor o Guam|Lt. Govrenor]]
|leader_name3 = {{nowrap|[[Ray Tenorio|Raymond Tenorio]] ([[Republican Pairty o Guam|R]])}}
|leader_title4 = [[Delegate (Unitit States Congress)|Delegate]]
|leader_name4 = {{nowrap|[[Madeleine Bordallo]] ([[Democratic Pairty o Guam|D]])}}
|legislature = [[Legislatur o Guam]]
|area_rank = n/a
|area_magnitude = 1 E8
|area_sq_mi = 210
|area_km2 = 544
|percent_water = negligible
|population_estimate = 161,785<ref name="CIA Factbook">{{cite web |title=Australia-Oceania :: Guam (Territory of the US) |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/gq.html |website=The World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |accessdate=26 August 2015 |archive-date=2013-12-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203005453/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/gq.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|population_estimate_year = 2015
|population_estimate_rank = n/a
|population_census = 159,358<ref name="CIA Factbook"/>
|population_census_year = 2010
|population_density_sq_mi = 770
|population_density_km2 = 297
|population_density_rank = n/a
|GDP_PPP = $4.88 billion<ref name="CIA Factbook"/>
|GDP_PPP_rank = n/a
|GDP_PPP_year = 2013
|GDP_PPP_per_capita = $30,500<ref name="CIA Factbook"/>
|GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = n/a
|HDI_year = 2008
|HDI_change = increase <!--increase/decrease/steady-->
|HDI = 0.901<!--number only-->
|HDI_ref = <ref>[http://www.unescap.org/pdd/publications/workingpaper/wp_09_02.pdf Filling Gaps in the Human Development Index] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111005100501/http://www.unescap.org/pdd/publications/workingpaper/wp_09_02.pdf |date=2011-10-05 }}, United Nations ESCAP, February 2009</ref>
|HDI_rank = 
|currency = [[Unitit States dollar]]
|currency_code = USD
|country_code = 1
|time_zone = [[Chamorro Staundart Time]]
|utc_offset = +10
|calling_code = [[+1-671]]
|cctld = [[.gu]]
|official_website = [http://www.guam.gov/ Guam.gov]
}}
'''Guam'''  ([[Chamorro leid|Chamorro]]: ''{{lang|cha|Guåhån}}''; formally the '''Territory o Guam''') is an [[Unincorporatit territories o the Unitit States|unincorporatit an organised territory o the Unitit States]].

{{Speciesbox
| image               = Matricaria February 2008-1.jpg
| taxon            = Matricaria chamomilla
| authority  = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]
| synonyms            = ''Chamomilla chamomilla'' <small>(L.) Rydb.</small><br />
''Chamomilla recutita'' <small>(L.) Rauschert</small><br />
''Matricaria recutita'' <small>L.</small><br />
''Matricaria suaveolens'' <small>L.</small><br />
Sources: NRCS,<ref name="NRCS">{{PLANTS
| taxon = Matricaria chamomilla
| symbol = MARE6
| accessdate = 15 June 2008
}}</ref> ITIS<ref name="ITIS">{{ITIS |id=38079 |taxon=Matricaria recutita |accessdate=15 June 2008}}</ref>
}}
'''''Matricaria chamomilla''''' (synonym: ''Matricaria recutita''), whiles kent as '''deil’s aipleringie''' is an [[annual plant]] o the composite faimily [[Asteraceae]].

{{chembox
| verifiedrevid = 477513893
|   ImageFileL1 = Propylene skeletal.svg
|   ImageNameL1 = Skeletal formula o propene
|   ImageFileR1 = Propene-2D-flat.png
|   ImageFileL2 = Propylene-3D-vdW.png
|   ImageFileR2 = Propylene-3D-balls.png
|   ImageNameR2 = Propylene
|   IUPACName = Propene
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
|   SMILES = C=CC
| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEMBL = 117213
|   CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| CASNo = 115-07-1
| UNNumber = [[Leet o UN Numbers 1001 tae 1100|1077]]<br/>''In [[Liquefied petroleum gas]]: ''[[Leet o UN Nummers 1001 tae 1100|1075]]
|   RTECS = UC6740000
| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}}
| KEGG = C11505
|  ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEBI = 16052
| PubChem = 8252
|  ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 7954
|  SMILES = CC=C
|  InChI = 1/C3H6/c1-3-2/h3H,1H2,2H3
|  InChIKey = QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYAA
|  StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/C3H6/c1-3-2/h3H,1H2,2H3
|  StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N
  }}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
|   C=3|H=6
|   Appearance = Colourless gas
|   Density = 1.81 kg/m<sup>3</sup>, gas (1.013 bar, 15 °C)<br>613.9 kg/m<sup>3</sup>, liquid
|   Solubility = 0.61 g/m<sup>3</sup>
|   BoilingPtC = − 47.6
|   MeltingPtC = − 185.2
|   Viscosity = 8.34 [[pascal second|µPa·s]] at 16.7 °C
  }}
| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure
|   Dipole = 0.366 [[Debye|D]] (gas)
  }}
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards
|   ExternalMSDS = [http://msds.chem.ox.ac.uk/PR/propene.html External MSDS]
|   MainHazards = Heichly flammable,<br />Asphyxiant
|   NFPA-H = 1
|   NFPA-F = 4
|   NFPA-R = 1
|   FlashPtC = −108
|   RPhrases = 12
|   SPhrases = 9-16-33
  }}
| Section8 = {{Chembox Related
|   Function = [[alkene]]s
|   OtherFunctn = [[Ethylene]]<br />[[Isomers o Butylene]]
|   OtherCpds = [[Propane]], [[Propyne]]<br />[[Propadiene]], [[1-Propanol]]<br />[[Isopropyl alcohol|2-Propanol]]
|   Function = groups
|   OtherFunctn = [[Allyl]], [[Propenyl]]}}
}}
'''Propene''', forby kent as '''propylene''' or '''methylethylene''', is an [[Unsaturatit compoond|unsaturatit]] [[organic compoond]] haein the [[chemical formula]] [[Carbon|C]]<sub>3</sub>[[Hydrogen|H]]<sub>6</sub>.

[[Image:Renovated_Moskvitch_400.jpg|thumb|right|Renovatit Moskvitch 400 seen on the streets o [[Bishkek]]]]
The '''Moskvitch 400 / 420''' wis a [[automobile|caur]] frae [[Soviet]] manufacturer [[Moskvitch]] introduced in 1947.

A '''muisicker''' is a person who plays a muisical instrument, especially as a [[profession|perfaison]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Musician|url=http://oxforddictionaries.com/definition/musician?q=musician|publisher=Oxford Dictionary}}{{Dead link|date=September 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> It mey or mey no be the person's perfasion. Muisickers can be clessifeed bi their roles in performin [[muisic]] an writin muisic. It's a person who maks muisic a profession an aw, onyane (perfaisional or no) who's skilled in makkin muisic or performin muisic creatively, or ane who composes, conducts, or performs muisic (especially instrumental muisic).<ref>{{cite web|title=Musician|url=http://www.macmillandictionary.com/dictionary/british/musician|publisher=MacMillan Dictionary}}</ref> 

| area_total_km2          = {{Area Swedish municipality|type=total|municipality=Essunga Municipality}}
| area_land_km2           = {{Area Swedish municipality|type=land|municipality=Essunga Municipality}}
| area_water_km2          = {{Area Swedish municipality|type=water|municipality=Essunga Municipality}}
| area_water_percent      = 
| area_note               = Aurie as o {{Area Swedish municipality|TXT=date}}.
| elevation_footnotes     = 
| elevation_m             = 
| population_footnotes    = {{Population Swedish municipality|TXT=ref}}
| population_total        = {{Population Swedish municipality|municipality=Essunga Municipality}}
| population_as_of        = {{Population Swedish municipality|TXT=date}}
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_note         = 
| timezone1               = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset1             = +1
| timezone1_DST           = [[Central European Simmer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset1_DST         = +2
| blank_name_sec1         = [[Provinces o Swaden|Province]]
| blank_info_sec1         = [[Västergötland]]
| blank1_name_sec1        = [[Kommunkod|Municipal code]]
| blank1_info_sec1        = 1445
| postal_code_type        = [[Postal codes in Swaden|Postal code]]
| postal_code             = 
| area_code_type          = 
| area_code               = 
| iso_code                = [[ISO 3166-2:SE|SE<!--??-->]]
| website                 = [http://www.essunga.se www.essunga.se]<!-- {{URL|example.com}} -->
| footnotes               = Density is calculated using land area only.
}}

{{Fix Scots|date=October 2020}}

'''Wind''' is the flowe o gases on a muckle scale. On the surface o the Yird, wind consists o the bouk muivement o air. In [[ooter space]], [[solar wind]] is the muivement o gases or chairged pairticles frae the [[sun]] throu space, while [[planetary wind]] is the [[ootgassin]] o licht [[chemical element]]s frae a planet's atmosphere intae space. Winds are commonly clessifee'd bi thair [[scale (spatial)|spatial scale]], thair [[speed]], the teeps o forces that cause them, the regions in that thay occur, an thair effect. The strangest observed winds on a planet in oor [[solar seestem]] occur on [[Neptune]] an [[Saturn]].

{{fixscots|date=Mairch 2021}}

instead -->
| type                    = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment]]
| image_skyline           = Perpignan - Préfecture 2.jpg
| image_alt               = 
| image_caption           = [[Prefecturs in Fraunce|Prefectur]] biggin o the Pyrénées-Orientales depairtment, in Perpignan
| image_flag              = 
| flag_alt                = 
| image_shield            = Aragon arms.svg
| shield_alt              = 
| nickname                = 
| motto                   = 
| image_map               = Pyrénées-Orientales-Position.svg
| map_alt                 = 
| map_caption             = Location o Pyrénées-Orientales in Fraunce
| pushpin_map             = 
| pushpin_label_position  = 
| pushpin_map_alt         = 
| pushpin_map_caption     = 
| coordinates             = {{coord|42|30|N|2|45|E|region:FR_type:adm2nd|display=inline,title}}
| coor_pinpoint           = 
| coordinates_footnotes   = 
| subdivision_type        = [[Leet o sovereign states|Kintra]]
| subdivision_name        = [[Fraunce]]
| subdivision_type1       = [[Regions o Fraunce|Region]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[Languedoc-Roussillon]]
| established_title       = 
| established_date        = 
| founder                 = 
| seat_type               = [[Prefecturs in Fraunce|Prefectur]]
| seat                    = [[Perpignan]]
| parts_type              = [[Subprefecturs in Fraunce|Subprefecturs]]
| parts_style             = para
| p1                      = [[Céret]]<br>[[Prades (Pyrénées-Orientales)|Prades]]
| government_footnotes    = 
| leader_party            = 
| leader_title            = [[Preses o the general cooncil|Preses o the General Cooncil]]
| leader_name             = [[Hermeline Malherbe-Laurent]]
| unit_pref               = Metric<!-- or US or UK -->
| area_magnitude          = 
| area_footnotes          = {{ref|area|1}}
| area_total_km2          = 4116
| area_note               = 
| elevation_footnotes     = 
| elevation_m             = 
| elevation_min_m         = 
| elevation_max_m         = 
| population_footnotes    = 
| population_total        = 437157
| population_as_of        = 2007
| population_rank         = [[Leet o French depairtments bi population|57t]]
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_demonym      = 
| population_note         = Minority leids: [[Catalan leid|Catalan]] an [[Occitan]]
| blank_name_sec1         = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Department nummer]]
| blank_info_sec1         = 66
| blank_name_sec2         = [[Arrondissements o Fraunce|Arrondissements]]
| blank_info_sec2         = [[arrondissements o the Pyrénées-Orientales depairtment|3]]
| blank1_name_sec2        = [[Cantons in Fraunce|Cantons]]
| blank1_info_sec2        = [[cantons o the Pyrénées-Orientales depairtment|17]]
| blank2_name_sec2        = [[Communes in Fraunce|Communes]]
| blank2_info_sec2        = [[communes o the Pyrénées-Orientales depairtment|226]]
| timezone1               = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset1             = +1
| timezone1_DST           = [[Central European Simmer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset1_DST         = +2
| postal_code_type        = 
| postal_code             = 
| area_code_type          = 
| area_code               = 
| iso_code                = 
| website                 = 
| footnotes               = {{note|area|1}} French Land Register data, which exclude [[estuary|estuaries]], an lochs, ponds, an glaciers lairger nor 1 km<sup>2</sup>
}}
'''Pyrénées-Orientales''' ({{IPA-fr|piʁene(z)ɔʁjɑ̃tal}}; {{lang-ca|Pirineus Orientals}}; {{lang-oc|Pirenèus Orientals}}, {{IPA-oc|piɾeˈnɛwz uɾjenˈtals|}}; {{lang-sco|Eastren Pyrenees|link=yes}}) are a [[depairtments o Fraunce|depairtment]] o soothren [[Fraunce]] adjacent tae the northren [[Spain|Spaingie]] frontier an the [[Mediterranean Sea]].

{{fixscots}}
</ref> It sees itsel in the tradeetion o [[Deutsche Luft Hansa|Deutsche Lufthansa]], the umwhile German naitional airline that wis foondit in 1926 an liquidatit in 1951, whose name an logo it acquired in 1954.<ref name=lex>{{cite book|last=Klussmann|first=Niels|title=Lexikon der Luftfahrt|year=2007|publisher=Springer|location=Heidelberg|pages=396–397|url=http://books.google.de/books?id=kPlnjmHolcsC&pg=PA396&dq=luftag+1953&hl=de&sa=X&ei=OMdxUbi4GqHh4QTdo4DwCA&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=luftag%201953&f=false}}</ref> Therefore, Lufthansa frequently gies "1926" as its foondin date, tho frae the legal point o view, it is no the [[Assignment (law)|assignee]] o the earlier airline.<ref name=DLHhistory>{{cite web|title=As Time Flies By|url=http://www.lufthansagroup.com/en/company/history.html|publisher=Lufthansa|accessdate=19 April 2013}}</ref>|group="note"}}
|commenced = 1955
|headquarters = [[Cologne]], [[Germany]]<!--HQ info cited in "Headquarters" section!-->
|key_people = Carsten Spohr <small>(Chairman & CEO)<ref>https://ph.news.yahoo.com/lufthansa-ceo-oversees-network-airline-brands-170145075--sector.html</ref></small>
|destinations = 220
| revenue          = {{increase}} [[Euro|€]]32.056&nbsp;billion <small>(2015)<ref name="ReferenceA"/>
| operating_income = {{increase}} €1.676&nbsp;billion <small>(2015)<ref name="ReferenceA"/>
| net_income       = {{increase}} €1.698&nbsp;billion <small>(2015)<ref name="ReferenceA"/>
| assets           = {{increase}} €32.462&nbsp;billion <small>(2015)<ref name="ReferenceA"/>
| equity           = {{increase}} €5.845&nbsp;billion <small>(2015)<ref name="ReferenceA"/>
| num_employees    = 120,262 <small>(2015)<ref name="ReferenceA">{{cite web|url=http://investor-relations.lufthansagroup.com/en/finanzberichte/annual-report/2015.html|title=2015 - Annual Report - Lufthansa Group|first=COMKOM° GmbH,|last=Germany|publisher=|access-date=2017-07-09|archive-date=2016-07-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160718171414/http://investor-relations.lufthansagroup.com/en/finanzberichte/annual-report/2015.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|company_slogan = 'Nonstop you'
|website = [http://www.lufthansa.com/ lufthansa.com]
|hubs =
* [[Düsseldorf Airport]]
* [[Frankfurt Airport]]
* [[Munich Airport]]
{{#tag:ref|Lufthansa coonts [[Vienna Internaitional Airport]] an [[Zurich Airport]] as its hubs an aw.<ref name=LHhubs>{{cite web|title=Our hubs in Frankfurt, Munich, Dusseldorf, Zurich and Vienna|url=http://www.lufthansa.com/de/en/Our-hubs-in-Frankfurt-Munich-Dusseldorf-Zurich-and-Vienna|publisher=Lufthansa|accessdate=30 October 2013}}</ref> They are no leetit here acause they are hame for Lufthansa's subsidiaries [[Austrian Airlines]] an [[Swiss International Air Lines]], respectively. For the same raison, [[Germanwings]] bases are omittit.|group="note"}}
|focus_cities = <!--As of 5 March 2014 all former focus cities have been transferred to Germanwings-->
|frequent_flyer = [[Miles & More]]
|lounge = 
* First Class Lounge
* Senator Lounge
* Business Lounge
|alliance = [[Star Alliance]]
|parent   = Private Investors (88.52%)
|subsidiaries   = 
<!--DO NOT ADD AUSTRIAN MYHOLIDAY. THIS IS JUST A TRADING BRAND OF AUSTRIAN AND NO INDEPENDENT COMPANY.-->
* [[Austrian Airlines]]
** [[Tyrolean Airways]]
* [[Swiss International Air Lines]]
** [[Swiss European Air Lines]]
** [[Edelweiss Air]]
* [[Lufthansa Regional]]
** [[Air Dolomiti]]
** [[Eurowings]]<!--DO NOT ADD ANY COMMENTS HERE-->
** [[Lufthansa CityLine]]
* [[Germanwings]]
* [[Lufthansa Cargo]]
* [[LSG Sky Chefs]]
* [[Lufthansa Consulting]]
* [[Lufthansa Flight Training]]
* [[Lufthansa Systems]]
* [[Lufthansa Technik]]
* Delvag
* [[Global Load Control]]
* [[AeroLogic]] (50%)
* [[SunExpress]] (50%)
|fleet_size = 281
}}

{{Subspeciesbox
| name = Domestic dugs
| fossil_range = At least 14,200 years aby – present<ref name=Thalmann2018>{{cite book|doi = 10.1007/13836_2018_27|chapter = Paleogenomic Inferences of Dog Domestication|title = Paleogenomics|pages = 273–306|series = Population Genomics|year = 2018|last1 = Thalmann|first1 = Olaf|last2 = Perri|first2 = Angela R.|publisher=Springer, Cham|editor1-last=Lindqvist|editor1-first=C.|editor2-last=Rajora|editor2-first=O.|isbn = 978-3-030-04752-8}}</ref>
| status = DOM
| image = Collage of Nine Dogs.jpg <!-- Please do not change lead image without discussion -->
| image_upright = 1.2
| image_caption = Selection o the different [[dug breed|breeds o dug]]
| genus = Canis
| species = lupus
| species_link = Gray wouf
| subspecies = familiaris<ref name=wozencraft2005>{{MSW3 Wozencraft|id=14000751|pages=575–577}} url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JgAMbNSt8ikC&pg=PA576</ref>
| authority =  [[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], 1758
| synonyms = ''Canis familiaris'' <small>[[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], 1758<ref name=linnaeus1758>{{cite book|last=Linnæus|first=Carl|title=Systema naturæ per regna tria naturæ, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I|year=1758|publisher=Laurentius Salvius|location=Holmiæ (Stockholm)|pages=38–40|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/80764#page/48/mode/1up|edition=10|accessdate=11 February 2017|language=Latin}}</ref><ref name=iczn1926>{{cite journal|title=Opinions and Declarations Rendered by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature – Opinion 91|journal=Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections |year=1926|chapter=|volume=73|issue=4|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/35815#page/173/mode/1up}}</ref></small>
}}
The '''domestic dug''' (''Canis lupus familiaris'' or ''Canis familiaris'') is a usually furry, [[carnivore|carnivorous]]<ref>{{cite journal|journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution|volume=10|issue=2|year=1998|pages=210–220|url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1055790398905139|
title=The complete nucleotide sequence of the domestic dog (''Canis familiaris'') mitochondrial genome|author=Kim, K.S., Lee,S.E., Jeong, H.W. and Ha, J.H.|doi=10.1006/mpev.1998.0513}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|title=Origin, genetic diversity, and genome structure of the domestic dog.|author=Wayne, R.K. and Ostrander, E.A.|journal=BioEssays|volume=21|pages=247–257|url=http://parkinson.cos.ucf.edu/Courses/PCB6677/pdf/bioassay_dog.pdf|year=1999|doi=10.1002/(sici)1521-1878(199903)21:3<247::aid-bies9>3.0.co;2-z|access-date=2015-03-23|archive-date=2015-02-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150204020501/http://parkinson.cos.ucf.edu/Courses/PCB6677/pdf/bioassay_dog.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|journal=Zoo Biology|volume=29|issue=6|pages=687–704|url=http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/zoo.20302/abstract;jsessionid=383ABB2CBFFC1A66659DC86E211048B2.f04t02?deniedAccessCustomisedMessage=&userIsAuthenticated=false|author=Clauss, M., Kleffner, H. and Kienzle, E.|title=Carnivorous mammals: nutrient digestibility and energy evaluation.|doi=10.1002/zoo.20302}}</ref> [[Canidae|canid]] [[carnivora]]n [[mammal]].  The dug, thit is sib tae the [[wouf]], wis [[Domestication o the dog|the first domesticatit beast]]<ref>Nikolai D. Ovodov, Susan J. Crockford, Yaroslav V. Kuzmin, Thomas F. G. Higham, Gregory W. L. Hodgins, Johannes van der Plicht. (2011). ''A 33,000-Year-Old Incipient Dog from the Altai Mountains of Siberia: Evidence of the Earliest Domestication Disrupted by the Last Glacial Maximum''. Published: 28 July, 2011DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0022821. Page 1 [http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0022821 online here OCT14]</ref><ref>Greger Larson, Elinor K. Karlsson, Angela Perri, Matthew T. Webster, Simon Y. W. Ho, Joris Peters, Peter W. Stahl, Philip J. Piper, Frode Lingaas, Merete Fredholm, Kenine E. Comstock, Jaime F. Modiano, Claude Schelling, Alexander I. Agoulnik, Peter A. Leegwater, Keith Dobney, Jean-Denis Vignes, Carles Vilàt, Leif Anderssond, and Kerstin Lindblad-Toh; Edited by Joachim Burger. (2012). ''Rethinking dog domestication by integrating genetics, archeology, and biogeography''. vol. 109 no. 23 > Greger Larson,  8878–8883, doi: 10.1073/pnas.1203005109. Page 1 [http://www.pnas.org/content/109/23/8878.full online here OCT14] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141101062522/http://www.pnas.org/content/109/23/8878.full |date=2014-11-01 }}</ref> an haes been widely kept as a [[wirkin dug|wirkin]], [[huntin dug|huntin]], an [[pet]] companion. It is estimatit thare are atween 700 million an ane billion domestic dugs, makin them the maist abundant member o order [[Carnivora]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Hughes |first1=Joelene |last2=Macdonald |first2=David W. |year=2013 |title=A review of the interactions between free-roaming domestic dogs and wildlife |journal=Biological Conservation |volume=157 |pages=341–351 |doi=10.1016/j.biocon.2012.07.005}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Gompper |first=Matthew E. |year=2013 |chapter=The dog–human–wildlife interface: assessing the scope of the problem |title=Free-Ranging Dogs and Wildlife Conservation |editor-last=Gompper |editor-first=Matthew E. |publisher=Oxford University Press |pages=9–54}}</ref>

|birth_place       = [[Wrocław|Breslau]], [[German Empire]]
|death_date        = {{death date and age|df=yes|1970|1|5|1882|12|11}}
|death_place       = [[Göttingen]], [[Wast Germany]]
|residence         = Göttingen, Wast Germany 
|citizenship       = German, Breetish
|fields            = [[Pheesics]]
|workplaces        = [[Johann Wolfgang Goethe Varsity o Frankfurt am Main|Varsity o Frankfurt am Main]]<br/>[[Varsity o Göttingen]]<br/>[[Varsity o Edinburgh]]
|alma_mater        = [[Varsity o Göttingen]]
|doctoral_advisor  = [[Carl Runge]]
|academic_advisors = [[Woldemar Voigt]]<br/>[[Karl Schwarzschild]]<br/>[[Joseph Larmor]]<br/>[[J. J. Thomson]]
|doctoral_students = [[Victor Frederick Weisskopf]]<br/>[[J. Robert Oppenheimer]]<br/>[[Lothar Wolfgang Nordheim]]<br/>[[Max Delbrück]]  <br/>[[Walter Elsasser]]<br/>[[Friedrich Hund]]<br/>[[Pascual Jordan]]<br/>[[Maria Goeppert-Mayer]]  <br/>[[Herbert S. Green]]<br/>[[Cheng Kaijia]]<br/>[[Siegfried Flügge]] <br/>[[Edgar Krahn]]<br/>[[Maurice Pryce]]<br/>Antonio Rodríguez<br/>[[Bertha Swirles]]<br/>Paul Weiss<br/>[[Peng Huanwu]]<ref name="mathgene">{{MathGenealogy|id=18245}}</ref>
|notable_students  = [[Emil Wolf]]
|known_for         = [[Born–Haber cycle]]<br/>[[Born rigidity]]<br/>[[Born coordinates]]<br/>[[Born approximation]]<br/>[[Born probability]]<br/>[[Born–Infeld theory]]<br/>{{nowrap|[[Born–Oppenheimer approximation]]}}<br/>[[Born's Rule]]<br/>[[Born–Landé equation]]<br/>[[Born–Huang approximation]]<br/>[[Born–von Karman boundary condition]]<br/>[[Born equation]]
|awards            = {{nowrap|[[Nobel Prize in Pheesics]] (1954)}}<br>[[Hughes Medal]] (1950)<br>[[Max Planck Medal]] (1948)<br>[[Fellae o the Ryal Society]] (1939)
|signature         = Max Born signature.svg
|spouse=Hedwig (Hedi) Ehrenberg (m. 1913-1970; his daith; 3 bairns)
}}
'''Max Born''' ({{IPA-de|bɔɐ̯n|lang}}; 11 December 1882&nbsp;– 5 Januar 1970) wis a German-Jewish-Scots [[pheesicist]] an [[mathematician]] who wis instrumental in the development o [[quantum mechanics]] an wis awairdit the [[Nobel Prize for Pheesics]] in 1954. He moved to [[Ingland]] in 1933 as a refugee frae [[Nazi Germany]], an tae [[Scotland]] in 1936. Frae 1936 tae his retirement in 1953 he wis a professor at the [[Varsity o Edinburgh]].<ref>https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1954/born/biographical/</ref> His granddochter is the Australien singer [[Olivia Newton-John]].

Formally, in [[lingueestics]], a '''lexicon''' is a leid's inventory o [[lexeme]]s.

|birth_place=[[Innerness]], [[Scotland]]
|education=[[Italia Conti Academy of Theatre Arts]]
|occupation=Actress
|years_active=2006–present
|spouse={{marriage|Nick Kocher|May 2022}}
|relatives=[[Caitlin Blackwood]] (cousin)
|signature=Karen Gillan signature.svg}}
[[Category:Biography with signature]]
[[Category:Articles with hCards]]

{{Italic title}}
{{speciesbox
| status        = LC
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| status_ref    = <ref>{{IUCN|id=22696894 |title=''Phalacrocorax aristotelis'' |assessor=BirdLife International |assessor-link=BirdLife International |version=2013.2 |year=2012 |accessdate=26 November 2013}}</ref>
| image         = Shag Phalacrocorax aristotelis.jpg
| image_caption = Scart on a rock
| genus         = Phalacrocorax
| species       = aristotelis
| authority     = ([[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], 1761)
}}

{{fixscots|date=October 2020}}

{{Taxobox
| name = Ranunculaceae
| fossil_range = [[Cretaceous]]–[[Recent]]<ref name="pigg2005">{{citation | doi = 10.3732/ajb.92.10.1650 | title = ''Paleoactaea'' gen. nov. (Ranunculaceae) fruits from the Paleogene of North Dakota and the London Clay | author = Kathleen B. Pigg and Melanie L. DeVore | journal = American Journal of Botany | year = 2005 | volume = 92 | pages = 1650–1659 }}</ref>
| image = Ranunculus_auricomis.jpg
| image_width = 220px
| image_caption = ''Ranunculus auricomus'' ([[type species]])
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
| unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
| unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
| ordo = [[Ranunculales]]
| familia = '''Ranunculaceae'''
| familia_authority = [[Antoine Laurent de Jussieu|Juss.]]
| subdivision_ranks = Subfaimilies
| subdivision =
*[[Hydrastis|Hydrastidoideae]]
*[[Glaucidium (plant)|Glaucidioideae]]
*[[Coptoideae]]
*[[Thalictroideae]]
*[[Ranunculoideae]]
}}

'''''Downtown''''' is a term primarily uised in [[North Americae]] bi [[Inglis leid|Inglis]] speakers tae refer tae a ceety's core (or center) or [[central business destrict]] (CBD), aften in a geografical, commercial, or communal sense. The term is no generally uised in [[Breetish Inglis]], whose speakers insteid uise the term '''[[ceety centre]]'''.

The first roun o the '''Niger general election 2016''' on the 21t o Febriweer 2016 an the seicont roun on the 20t Mairch 2016 fur tae elect the preses an the memmers o the Naitional Assembly.

{{Taxobox
| name = Nymphalidae
| image = NovaraExpZoologischeTheilLepidopteraAtlasTaf53.jpg
| image_caption = 
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| phylum = [[Arthropod]]a
| classis = [[Insect]]a
| ordo = [[Lepidoptera]]
| superfamilia = [[Papilionoidea]]
| familia = '''Nymphalidae'''
| familia_authority = [[Constantine Samuel Rafinesque|Rafinesque]], 1815
| diversity = Ower 600 genera<br/>Aboot 5,700 species
| diversity_link = Lepidopteran diversity
| subdivision_ranks = [[Faimily (biology)|Subfaimilies]]
| subdivision =
*[[Apaturinae]]
*[[Biblidinae]]
*[[Calinaginae]]
*[[Charaxinae]]
*[[Cyrestinae]]
*[[Danainae]]
*[[Heliconiinae]]
*[[Libytheinae]]
*[[Limenitidinae]]
*[[Morphinae]]
*[[Nymphalinae]]
*[[Satyrinae]]
and see [[#Systematics_an_phylogeny|airticle text]]
}}

<imagemap>
File:1980s replacement montage02.PNG|thumb|400px|Frae left, clockwise: The first [[Space Shuttle]], ''[[Space Shuttle Columbia|Columbia]]'', liftit off in 1981; American preses [[Ronald Reagan]] an [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] [[General Secretar o the Communist Pairty o the Soviet Union|leader]] [[Mikhail Gorbachev]] eased tensions atween the twa superpouers, leadin tae the end o the [[Cauld War]]; The [[Berlin Waw#The Faw|faw o the Berlin Waw]] in 1989 is considered tae be the maist momentous event o the 1980s; In 1981, the [[IBM Personal Computer]] is released; In 1985, the [[Live Aid]] concert wis held in order tae fund relief efforts for the [[1984–1985 faimin in Ethiopie|faimin in Ethiopie]] during the time [[Mengistu Haile Mariam]] ruled the kintra; [[Ukraine]] an much o the warld is filled wi radioactive debris frae the 1986 [[Chernobyl disaster]]; The [[Iran–Iraq War]] leads tae ower ane million dead and $1 trillion spent.
rect 2 3 199 169 [[Space Shuttle Columbia]]
rect 201 1 497 171 [[Cauld War (1985–1991)|End o the Cauld War]]
rect 1 172 241 336 [[Iran–Iraq War]]
rect 246 173 506 336 [[Faw o the Berlin Waw]]
rect 123 337 323 525 [[Live Aid]]
rect 326 338 510 536 [[IBM Personal Computer]]
rect 0 339 121 515 [[Chernobyl disaster]]
</imagemap>
{{Decadebox|198}}
The '''1980s''' (pronoonced "nineteen-aichties", commonly abbreviatit as the "'''Aixhties'''") wis a [[decade]] o the [[Gregorian calendar]] that began on Januar 1, 1980, an endit on December 31, 1989.
{{Commons category}}

'''''Go, Dog. Go!''''' is a 1961 childer's beuk written an illustrated bi [[P. D. Eastman]]. It describes the actions an interactions o a group o heichly mobile [[dugs]], wha operate [[automobiles]] an ither conveyances in pursuit o wirk, play, an a final mysterious goal: a dug party.

'''Logic''' (frae [[Greek]] [[wiktionary:λογική|λογική]], ''logike'')<ref name="argumentative">"possessed of reason, intellectual, dialectical, argumentative", also related to [[wiktionary:λόγος|λόγος]] (''logos''), "word, thought, idea, argument, account, reason, or principle" (Liddell & Scott 1999; Online Etymology Dictionary 2001).</ref>  oreeginally meanin ''the wird'', or ''whit is spoken'', (but comin tae mean ''thocht'' or ''raison'')  is generally held tae conseest o the seestematic study o the form o valid arguments.

| coordinates_footnotes = 
| region              = [[Piemont]]
| province            = [[Province o Turin|Turin]] (TO)
| frazioni            = 
| mayor_party         = 
| mayor               = Salvatore Diglio
| area_footnotes      = 
| area_total_km2      = 41.4
| population_footnotes = 
| population_total    = 3406
| population_as_of    = 30 November 2010<ref name="istat">All demographics and other statistics: Italian statistical institute [[National Institute of Statistics (Italy)|Istat]].</ref>
| pop_density_footnotes = 
| population_demonym  = Coriesi
| elevation_footnotes = 
| elevation_m         = 625
| twin1               = 
| twin1_country       = 
| saint               = 
| day                 = 
| postal_code         = 10070
| area_code           = 011
| website             = www.comune.corio.to.it
| footnotes           = 
}}

'''Multimedia'''  refers tae [[content (media an publishin)|content]] that uises a combination o different [[content format|content forms]].
{{see also|Media}}
[[Category:Multimedia| ]]
[[Category:Communication design]]
[[Category:Design]]
[[Category:Film an video terminology]]
[[Category:Film production]]

o a super[[volcano]]]]

| coor_pinpoint           = 
| coordinates_footnotes   = 
| subdivision_type        = [[Libie]]
| subdivision_name        = {{flag|Libie}}
| subdivision_type1       = Region
| subdivision_name1       = [[Cyrenaica]]
| subdivision_type2       = [[Destricts o Libie|Destrict]]
| subdivision_name2       = [[Marj Destrict|Marj]]
| area_total_km2          = 
| elevation_footnotes     = <ref name="wolframalpha"/>
| elevation_m             = 333
| population_footnotes    = <ref name="wolframalpha">[http://www.wolframalpha.com/input/?i=Al+Marj Wolfram Alpha]</ref>
| population_total        = 85315
| population_as_of        = 2004
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_note         = 
| timezone               = [[Eastren European Time|EET]]
| utc_offset             = +2
| postal_code_type        = 
| postal_code             = 
| area_code_type          = 
| area_code               = 
| iso_code                = 
| website                 =
| footnotes               = 
}}

The '''Mitsubishi Proudia''' is a [[luxury caur]] manufactured bi [[Mitsubishi Motors]] frae late 1999, poseetioned juist belaw the flagship [[Mitsubishi Dignity]] [[limousine]] in the company's range. Its name is a [[portmanteau]] derived frae the Inglis wird "proud", an "diamond" (referrin tae the company's logo) as a "fittin epithet for Mitsubishi Motors' ultimate luxury caur",<ref name="proudia-dignity">[http://media.mitsubishi-motors.com/pressrelease/e/products/detail522.html "Luxury sedan and limousine models"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090813123759/http://media.mitsubishi-motors.com/pressrelease/e/products/detail522.html |date=2009-08-13 }}, Mitsubishi Motors press release, December 20, 1999</ref> The entire Proudia/Dignity range wis designed bi [[Mitsubishi Motors]] an co-manufactured wi [[Hyundai Motor Company|Hyundai]] o [[Republic o Korea|Sooth Korea]], who mercatit thair awn version as the [[Hyundai Equus]].<ref name="yamaguchi">[http://www.sae.org/automag/globalview_03-00/04.htm "Mitsubishi's new flagships"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090427092556/http://www.sae.org/automag/globalview_03-00/04.htm |date=2009-04-27 }}, Jack Yamaguchi, Automotive Engineering International Online, March 2000</ref>

'''Hokkaido''' ([[Japanese leid|Japanese]]: 北海道, romanizit ''Hokkaidō'') is the noorthrenmaist island o the [[Japanese Airchipelago]]. Japan's lairgest island, [[Honshu]], is sooth o Hokkaido thorter the [[Tsugaru Strait]], but the unnerwatter [[Seikan Tunnel]] jynes the twa islands. It's caipital an lairgest ceety is [[Sapporo]]. Ainerly aboot 5.6 million indwallers bide yon, even wi the 103 million o Honshu.
{{Commonscat|Hokkaido prefecture}}

'''Current''' is the wird that's uised for the flow o [[electric charge]] meisured in [[Amperes]].

The '''Mitsubishi Cordia''' is a [[compact caur|compact]] [[hatchback]]-[[coupé]] that wis biggit bi [[Mitsubishi Motors]] frae 1982 tae 1990. Its name is supposedly an amalgam o "cordorite" (a lustrous mineral) an "diamonds" frae Mitsubishi's ''Three Diamonds'' logo. Alongside the [[Mitsubishi Tredia|Tredia]] an [[Mitsubishi Starion|Starion]], it wis ane o the first caurs importit an sauld tae [[Unitit States|Americae]] bi the company athoot the involvement o its then pairtner, the [[Chrysler|Chrysler Corporation]].

'''Jaklin Çarkçı''' (born 1958) is a [[mezzo-soprano]] o the [[Turkis State Opera an Ballet|Istanbul State Opera]] in [[Turkey]].<ref name="Çarkçı'ya İtalya'dan ödül">{{cite news|title=Çarkçı'ya İtalya'dan ödül|url=http://hurarsiv.hurriyet.com.tr/goster/ShowNew.aspx?id=3739761|accessdate=9 January 2013|newspaper=Hurriyet|language=Turkish}}</ref><ref name="Artistic and erotic mezzo-soprano of the Carmen Opera">{{cite news|last=ZİFLİOĞLU|first=VERCİHAN|title=Artistic and erotic mezzo-soprano of the Carmen Opera|url=http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/default.aspx?pageid=438&n=artistic-and-erotic-mezzo-soprano-of-the-carmen-opera-2007-07-14|accessdate=9 January 2013|newspaper=Hurriyet Daily News|date=2007-07-14|archive-date=2016-06-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160611063422/http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/default.aspx?pageid=438&n=artistic-and-erotic-mezzo-soprano-of-the-carmen-opera-2007-07-14|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=pars>{{cite book|last=(Witherspoon)|first=Hilda Ekmekciyan|title=Pars Tuğlacı'nın 50 yıllık çok yönlü faaliyet kronolojisi|year=2006|publisher=Pars Yayın ve Tic. Ttd. Şti.|location=İstanbul|isbn=9789757423072}}</ref>

'''Gharyan''' ({{lang-ar|غريان}})  is a toun in northwastren [[Libie]] an the caipital o [[Al Jabal al Gharbi Destrict]].  Prior tae 2007 it wis the admeenistrative seat o the [[Gharyan Destrict]]. Gharyan is ane o the lairgest touns in the [[Nafusa Muntains]], an aurie populatit bi maistly [[Arabized Berber]]s.

{{fixscots}}{{unsoorced}}
'''Robert Garioch Sutherland''', (9 Mey 1909 &ndash; 26 Aprile 1981), wis a [[Scotland|Scots]] [[poet]] an [[translator]]. His poetry wis written awmaist exclusively in the [[Scots leid]], he wis a key member in the leeterar revival o the leid in the mid-20t century. Houever, his biggest influences war the 18t-century poet [[Robert Fergusson]] an the [[Italy|Italian]] [[dialect]] sonneteer [[Giuseppe Gioachino Belli]].

A '''guddock ''' is a furm o wird puzzle designed tae test a body's ingenuity in arriving tae its solution.

{{fixscots|date=October 2020}}

[[Image:Milton paradise.jpg|thumb|250px|right|[[Teetle page]] o [[John Milton]]'s ''[[Paradise Lost]]'']]

|subdivision_type1      = [[Administrative divisions of Azerbaijan|Rayon]]
|subdivision_name1      =[[Naftalan, Azerbaijan|Naftalan]]
|leader_title           = 
|leader_name            = 
|established_title      =
|established_date       = 
|area_total_km2           = 
|area_footnotes           = 
|population_as_of         =2010
|population_total =7,800
|population_footnotes=<ref>[http://www.azstat.org/statinfo/demoqraphic/az/011.shtml#s10 The state statistical committee of the Azerbaijan Republic]</ref>
|population_density_km2   =
|timezone =[[Azerbaijan Time|AZT]]
|utc_offset             = +4
|timezone_DST           =[[Azerbaijan Time|AZT]] 
|utc_offset_DST         = +5
|coordinates            = {{coord|40|30|24|N|46|49|30|E|region:AZ|display=inline}}
|elevation_m            = 
|area_code              = 
|website                = 
}}
[[Image:Naftalan - 20.07.17 - 4.jpg|thumb|250px|right|Naftalan]]
'''Naftalan''' is a [[Admeenistrative diveesions o Azerbaijan|sahar]] (ceety) in [[Azerbaijan]], surroondit bi the [[raion|rayon]] o [[Goranboy Rayon|Goranboy]]. It is on an agricultural plain near the Lesser [[Caucasus Muntains]]. The wird ''naftalan'' means a petroleum product an aw, ane that can be obtained thare.

|elevation_footnotes    =  <!--for references: use <ref> </ref> tags-->
|elevation_m            = 
|elevation_ft           =
<!-- Area/postal codes & others -------->
|postal_code_type       = Postal code <!-- enter ZIP code, Postcode, Post code, Postal code... -->
|postal_code            = 39000
|area_code              = 747
|blank_name             =
|blank_info             =
|blank1_name            =
|blank1_info            =
|website                = [http://www.chilpancingo.gob.mx chilpancingo.gob.mx]
|footnotes              = 
}}

{{fixscots|date=October 2020}}

{{Needs Mair Soorces}}
| coor_pinpoint           = 
| coordinates_footnotes   = 
| subdivision_type        = [[Leet o kintras|Kintra]]
| subdivision_name        = {{flag|Brazil}}
| established_title       = 
| established_date        = 
| founder                 = 
| seat_type               = [[Caipital ceety|Caipital]] an Lairgest Ceety
| seat                    = [[João Pessoa]]
| government_footnotes    = 
| leader_party            = 
| leader_title            = [[Govrenor (Brazil)|Govrenor]]
| leader_name             = [[Ricardo Coutinho]]
| leader_title1           = Vice Govrenor
| leader_name1            = Rômulo Gouveia
| unit_pref               = Metric<!-- or US or UK -->
| area_footnotes          = 
| area_magnitude          = 1 E10
| area_total_km2          = 56584.6
| area_rank               = [[Leet o Brazilian states bi aurie|21st]]
| elevation_footnotes     = 
| elevation_m             = 
| population_footnotes    = <ref>[http://www.ibge.gov.br/home/presidencia/noticias/noticia_visualiza.php?id_noticia=1766&id_pagina=1 Censo 2010: população do Brasil é de 190.732.694 pessoas]</ref>
| population_total        = 3,766,834
| population_as_of        = 2010 census
| population_est          = 
| pop_est_as_of           = 
| population_rank         = [[Leet o Brazilian states bi population|13t]]
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_density_rank = [[Leet o Brazilian states bi population densitie|8t]]
| population_demonym      = Paraibano
| population_note         = 
| demographics_type1      = [[Gross domestic product|GDP]]
| demographics1_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| demographics1_title1    = Year
| demographics1_info1     =2006&nbsp;estimate
| demographics1_title2    = Total
| demographics1_info2     = R$ 19,953,000,000 ([[Leet o Brazilian states bi gross domestic product|19t]])
| demographics1_title3    = Per caipita
| demographics1_info3     = R$ 5,507 ([[Leet o Brazilian states bi gross domestic product|24t]])
| demographics_type2      = [[Human Development Index|HDI]]
| demographics2_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| demographics2_title1    = Year
| demographics2_info1     =2005
| demographics2_title2    = Category
| demographics2_info2     = 0.718 &ndash; <span style="color:#fc0">medium</span> ([[Leet o Brazilian states bi Human Development Index|24t]])
| timezone1               = [[Time in Brazil|BRT]] 
| utc_offset1             = -3
| timezone1_DST           = [[Time in Brazil|Brasília Summer]]
| utc_offset1_DST         = -02
| postal_code_type        = Postal Code
| postal_code             = 58000-000 tae 58990-000
| iso_code                = [[ISO 3166-2:BR|BR-PB]]
| website                 = [http://www.pb.gov.br/ pb.gov.br]
| footnotes               = 
}}
'''Paraíba''' ([[Tupi leid|Tupi]]: ''pa'ra a'íba'': "bad tae navigation"; [[Brazilian Portuguese]] pronunciation: ({{IPA-pt|paɾaˈiba|}}) is a [[States o Brazil|state]] o [[Brazil]]. It is locatit in the [[Brazilian Northeast]], an is bordered bi [[Rio Grande do Norte]] tae the north, [[Ceará]] tae the wast, [[Pernambuco]] tae the sooth an the [[Atlantic Ocean]] tae the east. Paraíba is the third maist densely populatit state o the Northeast; [[João Pessoa]], the sea-bordered state caipital, an [[Campina Grande]], in the interior, rank amang the fifteen-lairgest [[Municipalities o Brazil|municipalities]] in the Northeast o Brazil.{{Citation needed}}

{{fixscots}}
{{taxobox
|image = Sorghum.jpg
|regnum = [[Plantae]]
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Monocots]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Commelinids]]
|ordo = [[Poales]]
|familia = [[Poaceae]]
|subfamilia = [[Panicoideae]]
|tribus = [[Andropogoneae]]
|genus = '''''Sorghum'''''
|genus_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]]
|subdivision_ranks = Species
|subdivision = Aboot 30 species, see text
|}}

{{infobox anatomy
| Name     = Human body
| Width    = 300
| Image    = Human Body.jpg
| Latin    = corpus humanum
}}
The '''human body''' includes the entire structur o a [[Human|human bein]] an comprises a [[human heid|heid]], [[neck]], [[Trunk (anatomy)|trunk]] (which includes the [[thorax]] an [[abdomen]]), [[airm]]s an [[hand]]s, [[human leg|legs]] an [[Fit (body pairt)|feet]].

{{fixscots|date=Dizember 2020}}

{{Linkrot}}

; nearly aw are single valves o [[bivalve]] [[mollusc]]s, maistly o ''[[Mactra corallina]]'']]
A '''seashell''' or '''sea shell''', kent simply as a '''shell''' an aw, is a haurd, pertective ooter layer creatit bi an ainimal that leeves in the sea. The shell is pairt o the bouk o the ainimal. Empie seashells are eften foond washed up on [[beach]]es bi [[beachcombin|beachcombers]]. The shells are empie acause the ainimal haes dee'd an the saft pairts hae been eaten bi anither ainimal or hae [[decomposeetion|rotted oot]].

{{taxobox
|name = Solanaceae
|image = brugmansia_lg.jpg
|image_caption = A flouerin ''[[Brugmansia]] suaveolens'' <br>frae the [[US Botanic Gairden]]
|regnum = [[Plantae]]
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Asterids]]
|ordo = [[Solanales]]
|familia = '''Solanaceae'''
|familia_authority = [[Antoine Laurent de Jussieu|Juss.]]
|subdivision_ranks = [[Family (biology)|Subfamilies]]
|subdivision =[[Cestroideae]]<br>
[[Goetzeoideae]]<br>
[[Nicotianoideae]]<br>
[[Petunioideae]]<br>
[[Schizanthoideae]]<br>
[[Schwenckioideae]]<br>
[[Solanoideae]]<ref name="GRIN">{{cite web |url=http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/family.pl?1043 |title=''Solanaceae'' Juss., nom. cons. |work=[[Germplasm Resources Information Network]] |publisher=[[United States Department of Agriculture]] |date=2007-04-12 |accessdate=2009-04-16 |archive-date=2009-05-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090506183213/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/family.pl?1043 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|}}

| birth_place = [[Landshut]], [[Electorate o Bavarie|Bavarie]]
| death_date = {{death date and age|1872|9|13|1804|7|28}}
| death_place = Rechenberg near [[Nuremberg]], [[German Empire|Imperial Germany]]
| school_tradition = [[Materialism]], [[Humanism]]
| main_interests = Releegion, [[Christianity]]
| influences = [[Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel|Hegel]], [[Karl Daub]], [[Friedrich Schleiermacher]], [[Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi]]
| influenced = [[Karl Marx]], [[Friedrich Engels]], [[Max Stirner]], [[Martin Buber]], [[Bruno Bauer]], [[Richard Wagner]]
| notable_ideas = Releegion as the ootward projection o human inner naitur
}}
'''Ludwig Andreas von Feuerbach''' (Julie 28, 1804 – September 13, 1872) wis a German [[philosopher]] an [[anthropologist]] best kent for his beuk ''[[The Essence o Christianity]]'', which provided a [[critique o Christianity]] which strangly influenced generations o later thinkers, includin baith [[Karl Marx]] an [[Frederich Engels]].

[[Image:Mars topography (MOLA dataset) with poles HiRes.jpg|thumb|right|340px|High resolution topographic map of Mars based on ''[[Mars Global Surveyor]]'' data.]]

| native_name             = {{lower|0.1em|{{nobold|관악구}}}}
| native_name_lang        = ko
| official_name           = {{lang|ko|{{nobold|관악구 · 冠岳區}}}}
| settlement_type         = [[Leet o destricts o Seoul|Destrict]]
<!-- images, nickname, motto --->
| image_skyline           = SNUMoA2007.jpg
| imagesize               =
| image_alt               =
| image_caption           =  [[Seoul Naitional Varsity Museum o Airt]]
| image_flag              = 
| flag_alt                =
| image_seal              = 
| seal_alt                =
| image_shield            =
| shield_alt              =
| image_blank_emblem      = 
| nickname                =
| motto                   =
<!-- maps and coordinates ------>
| image_map               = Seoul Gwanak-gu.svg
| map_alt                 =
| map_caption             = Location o Gwanak-gu in [[Seoul]]
| image_dot_map           =
| dot_mapsize             =
| dot_map_base_alt        =
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| dot_x = |dot_y =
| pushpin_map             = 
| pushpin_label_position  = <!-- position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none -->
| pushpin_map_alt         =
| pushpin_map_caption     = &nbsp;
| coordinates             = 
| coor_pinpoint           = <!-- to specify exact location of coordinates (was coor_type) -->
| coordinates_footnotes   = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
<!-- location ------------------>
| subdivision_type        = [[Leet o kintras|Kintra]]
| subdivision_name        = [[Sooth Korea]]
| subdivision_type1       = [[Leet o regions o Korea|Region]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[Seoul Naitional Caipital Aurie|Sudogwon]]
| subdivision_type2       = [[Direct-controlled municipality#Sooth Korea|Special Ceety]]
| subdivision_name2       = [[Seoul]]
| subdivision_type3       = Admeenistrative dong
| subdivision_name3       = 21
<!-- established --------------->
| established_title       = <!-- Settled -->
| established_date        =
| founder                 =
| named_for               =
<!-- seat, smaller parts ------->
| seat_type               = <!-- defaults to: Seat -->
| seat                    =
<!-- government type, leaders -->
| government_footnotes    = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| leader_party            = 
| leader_title            = 
| leader_name             = 
| leader_title1           =
| leader_name1            = <!-- etc., up to leader_title4 / leader_name4 -->
<!-- display settings  --------->
| total_type              = <!-- to set a non-standard label for total area and population rows -->
| unit_pref               = <!-- enter: Imperial, to display imperial before metric -->
<!-- area ---------------------->
| area_magnitude          = <!-- use only to set a special wikilink -->
| area_footnotes          = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| area_total_km2          = 29.57
| area_total_sq_mi        = <!-- see table @ Template:Infobox settlement for details -->
| area_land_km2           =
| area_land_sq_mi         =
| area_water_km2          =
| area_water_sq_mi        =
| area_water_percent      =
| area_note               =
<!-- elevation ----------------->
| elevation_footnotes     = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| elevation_m             =
| elevation_ft            =
<!-- population ---------------->
| population_footnotes    = 
| population_total        = 520,849
| population_as_of        = 2010<ref name="kosispop">[http://kosis.kr/abroad/abroad_01List.jsp?parentId=A Korean Statistical Information Service (Korean) > Population and Household > Census Result (2010) > Population by Administrative district, Sex and Age / Alien by Administrative district and Sex] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130826055149/http://kosis.kr/abroad/abroad_01List.jsp?parentId=A |date=2013-08-26 }}, Retrieved 2010-06-02.</ref>
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_density_sq_mi=
| population_est          =
| pop_est_as_of           =
| population_demonym      = <!-- demonym, ie. Liverpudlian for someone from Liverpool -->
| population_note         = 
<!-- time zone(s) -------------->
| timezone1               = [[Korea Staundart Time]]
| utc_offset1             = +9
| timezone1_DST           =
| utc_offset1_DST         =
<!-- postal codes, area code --->
| postal_code_type        =  <!-- enter ZIP code, Postcode, Post code, Postal code... -->
| postal_code             =
| area_code_type          = <!-- defaults to: Area code(s) -->
| area_code               =
<!-- website, footnotes -------->
| website                 = [http://www.gwanak.go.kr:8080/english/index.jsp Gwanak-gu offeecial wabsteid]
| footnotes               =
}}

|image_coa=Coat of Arms of Karachay-Cherkessia.svg
|coa_caption=[[Coat o airms o Karachay–Cherkessie]]
|image_flag=Flag of Karachay-Cherkessia.svg
|flag_caption=[[Flag o Karachay–Cherkessie]]
|anthem=[[Naitional Anthem o Karachay–Cherkessie]]
|anthem_ref
|holiday
|holiday_ref
|political_status=Republic
|political_status_link=Republics o Roushie
|federal_district=[[North Caucasian Federal Destrict|North Caucasian]]
|economic_region=[[North Caucasus economic region|North Caucasus]]
|adm_ctr_type=Caipital
|adm_ctr_name=[[Cherkessk]]
|adm_ctr_ref
|official_lang_list=[[Abaza leid|Abaza]], [[Kabardian leid|Cherkess]], [[Karachay-Balkar leid|Karachay]], [[Nogai leid|Nogai]]
|official_lang_ref=<ref name="Languages">Constitution, Article&nbsp;11.1</ref>
|pop_2010census=477859
|pop_2010census_rank=73rd
|urban_pop_2010census=43.4%
|rural_pop_2010census=56.6%
|pop_2010census_ref=<ref name="2010Census" />
|pop_density
|pop_density_as_of
|pop_density_ref
|pop_latest
|pop_latest_date
|pop_latest_ref
|area_km2=14100
|area_km2_rank=77t
|area_km2_ref
|established_date=9 Januar 1957
|established_date_ref=<ref name="DateEstablished">{{Cite Soviet law
 |ru_entity=Президиум Верховного Совета СССР
 |ru_type=Указ
 |ru_date=9 февраля 1957 г.
 |ru_title=О преобразовании Черкесской автономной области в Карачаево-Черкесскую автономную область
 |en_entity=[[Presidium of the Supreme Soviet]] of the USSR
 |en_type=Decree
 |en_date=9 Februar 1957
 |en_title=On Transformation of Cherkess Autonomous Oblast into Karachay–Cherkess Autonomous Oblast
}}</ref>
|license_plates=09
|ISO=RU-KC
|gov_as_of=Mairch 2011
|leader_title=[[Preses o Karachay–Cherkessie|Preses]]
|leader_title_ref=<ref name="HeadLegis">Constitution, Article&nbsp;4</ref>
|leader_name=[[Rashid Temrezov]]
|leader_name_ref=<ref name="President">[http://kremlin.ru/news/10447 Дмитрий Медведев подписал Указ «О досрочном прекращении полномочий Президента Карачаево-Черкесской Республики»] {{ru icon}}</ref>
|legislature=[[Fowkassembly o Karachay–Cherkessie|Fowkassembly (Parliament)]]
|legislature_ref=<ref name="HeadLegis" />
|website=http://www.kchr.info/
|website_ref
|date=August 2010
}}
[[Image:Karachay Cherkess03.png|thumb|250px|right]]
The '''Karachay–Cherkess Republic''' (or ''Karachay–Circassian Republic'') ({{lang-ru|Карача́ево-Черке́сская Респу́блика}}, ''Karachayevo-Cherkesskaya Respublika''; [[Karachay-Balkar leid|Karachay-Balkar]]: Къарачай-Черкес Республика; [[Kabardian leid|Kabardian]]: Къэрэшей-Шэрджэс Республикэ), or '''Karachay–Cherkessie''' (or ''Karachay–Circassia'') ({{lang|ru|Карача́ево-Черке́ссия}}, ''Karachayevo-Cherkessiya'') is a [[federal subjects o Roushie|federal subject]] o [[Roushie]] (a [[republics o Roushie|republic]]). Population: 477,859 ([[Roushie Census (2010)|2010 Census]]).<ref name="2010Census">{{ru-pop-ref|2010Census}}</ref>

The '''Hoose o Balliol''' (de Bailleul) wis a [[Picardy|Picard]] an [[Anglo-Picard]] faimily oreeginatin frae [[Bailleul, Somme|Bailleul]] who began tae rule some estates in Ingland in the reign o [[William Rufus]]. In the late 13t an  14t centuries, twa members o the hoose war keengs o Scotland.

{{Fixscots}}
{{infobox UK place
 |country = Scotland
 |official_name= Mulguy
 |gaelic_name= Muileann-Gaidh
 |english_name= Milngavie
 |os_grid_reference= NS553744
 |coordinates = {{coord|55.9421|-4.3137|display=inline,title}}
 |population= 12,795
 |unitary_scotland= [[East Dunbartonshire]]
 |lieutenancy_scotland= [[Dunbartonshire]]
 |post_town= GLASGOW <ref>{{cite web|author=Evox Facilities |url=http://www.evoxfacilities.co.uk/evoxptn.html |title=List of UK post towns |publisher=Evox Facilities |date= |accessdate=2012-02-22 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120219123813/http://www.evoxfacilities.co.uk/evoxptn.html |archivedate=2012-02-19 |df= }}</ref>
 |postcode_district = G62
 |postcode_area= G
 |dial_code= 0141
 |constituency_westminster= [[East Dunbartonshire (UK Pairlament constituency)|East Dunbartonshire]]
 |constituency_scottish_parliament= [[Clydebank an Milgey (Scots Pairlament constituency)|Clydebank an Mulguy]]
 |static_image_name=Friendship House, Milngavie - geograph.org.uk - 620887.jpg
 |static_image_caption=Friendship House, Milngavie St. Andrew's Episcopal Church
 |edinburgh_distance=
 |london_distance=
 }}
'''Mulguy''' ({{lang-gd|Muileann Dhaibhidh}}) is a toun in [[East Dunbartonshire]], [[Scotland]]. It is oan the Allander Watter, at the nor'wastern edge o Muckle [[Glesga]], an aboot {{convert|11.5|km}} frae the city centur. It lies next tae [[Bearsden]].

{{Itheruises}}
]]
 | popestdate = {{English statistics year}}
 | pop = {{English cerem counties|POP=Cheshire}}
 | density_km2 = {{English cerem counties|DEN=Cheshire}}
 | ethnicity = 97.3% White, 2.7% Other.
 | council = ''no county council''
 | mps = *[[Graham Evans]] [[Conservative Party (UK)|(C)]]
*[[Helen Jones]] [[Labour Party (UK)|(L)]]
*[[Andrew Miller (politeecian)|Andrew Miller]] [[Labour Party (UK)|(L)]]
*[[Stephen O'Brien]] [[Conservative Party (UK)|(C)]]
*[[George Osborne]] [[Conservative Party (UK)|(C)]]
*[[Stephen Mosley]] [[Conservative Party (UK)|(C)]]
*[[David Mowat]] [[Conservative Party (UK)|(C)]]
*[[Edward Timpson]] [[Conservative Party (UK)|(C)]]
*[[Derek Twigg]] [[Labour Party (UK)|(L)]]
*[[Fiona Bruce (politeecian)|Fiona Bruce]] [[Conservative Party (UK)|(C)]]
*[[David Rutley]] [[Conservative Party (UK)|(C)]]
 | subdivmap = 
 | subdivs =
#[[Cheshire West and Chester]] (Unitary)
#[[Cheshire East]] (Unitary)
#[[Warrington]] (Unitary)
#[[Halton (borough)|Halton]] (Unitary)
}}
'''Cheshire''' ({{IPAc-en|icon|ˈ|tʃ|ɛ|ʃ|ər}} or {{IPAc-en|ˈ|tʃ|ɛ|ʃ|ɪər}}; kent as the '''Coonty Palatine o Chester''', an airchaically, as the '''Coonty o Chester''' an aw;<ref>{{cite web | title = Relationships / unit history of Cheshire | work=A Vision of Britain through Time website | url = http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/relationships.jsp?u_id=10193850 | accessdate = 2007-03-05}}</ref> abbreviatit '''Ches.''') is a [[Ceremonial coonties o Ingland|ceremonial coonty]] in [[North Wast Ingland]]. Cheshire's [[coonty toun]] is the [[Ceety status in the Unitit Kinrick|ceety]] o [[Chester]],<ref>{{cite web | title = Cheshire County Council | work = Cheshire County Council website | url = http://www.cheshire.gov.uk/ | accessdate = 2007-03-05 | archive-date = 2007-02-27 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070227152139/http://www.cheshire.gov.uk/ | url-status = dead }}</ref> although the mucklest toun syne coonty bundary chynges in 1974 is [[Warrington]] (moved from [[Lancashire]] for admeenistrative purposes in 1974). Ither major touns include [[Widnes]] (muivit frae Lancashire in 1974), [[Congleton]], [[Crewe]], [[Ellesmere Port]], [[Runcorn]], [[Macclesfield]], [[Winsford]], [[Northwich]], an [[Wilmslow]].<ref>{{cite web | title = Cheshire County Council Map | work = Cheshire County Council | url = http://www.cheshire.gov.uk/NR/rdonlyres/947210D0-96BD-429E-898D-3E952A4C8925/0/CheshireCountyMapforWeb.pdf | accessdate = 2007-03-05 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20070605061858/http://www.cheshire.gov.uk/NR/rdonlyres/947210D0-96BD-429E-898D-3E952A4C8925/0/CheshireCountyMapforWeb.pdf | archivedate = 2007-06-05 | url-status = dead }}{{Cite web |url=http://www.cheshire.gov.uk/NR/rdonlyres/947210D0-96BD-429E-898D-3E952A4C8925/0/CheshireCountyMapforWeb.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2012-07-10 |archive-date=2007-06-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070605061858/http://www.cheshire.gov.uk/NR/rdonlyres/947210D0-96BD-429E-898D-3E952A4C8925/0/CheshireCountyMapforWeb.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> Historically the coonty contained the [[Wirral Peninsulae|Wirral]], [[Stockport]], [[Altrincham]] an ither touns. The coonty is bordered bi [[Merseyside]] an [[Greater Manchester]] tae the north, [[Derbyshire]] tae the east, [[Staffordshire]] an [[Shropshire]] tae the sooth, an [[Flintshire]] an [[Wrexham Coonty Burgh|Wrexham]] in Wales tae the wast. The coonty is a pairt o the [[Welsh Mairches]].

{{fixscots|date=Januar 2021}}

{{Contains Chinese text}}
'''Cheenese''' can refer tae:
* Something o, frae, or relatit tae [[Cheenae]]
* [[Cheenese fowk]], fowk o Cheenese naitionality, or ane o several Cheenese ethnicities
** ''[[Zhonghua minzu]]''（中華民族, the supra-ethnic Cheenese naitionality 
** [[Han Cheenese]], the dominant ethnic group in Cheenae, Taiwan, Singapore an Malaysie
** [[Ethnic minorities in Cheenae]], the nan-Han Cheenese population in Cheena
** [[Owerseas Cheenese]], fowk o Cheenese ancestry who live outside Cheenae an Taiwan

'''Rutland''' ({{IPAc-en|icon|ˈ|r|ʌ|t|l|ə|n|d}}) is a landlocked [[Coonties o Ingland|coonty]] in central [[Ingland]], bundit on the wast an north bi [[Leicestershire]], northeast bi [[Lincolnshire]] an sootheast bi [[Peterborough]] (a [[unitary authority]] ceremonially in [[Cambridgeshire]]) an [[Northamptonshire]].

[[Kinrick o Great Breetain|Breetish]] colonies on the east coast o [[North Americae]] issued a [[Unitit States Declaration o Unthirldom|Declaration o Unthirldom]] in 1776]]
'''Unthirldom''' ({{lang-en|Independence}}) is a condeetion o a [[naition]], [[kintra]], or [[Sovereign state|state]] in which its residents an population, or some portion thereof, exercise [[sel-govrenment]], an uisually [[sovereignty]], ower the territory.

| birth_place	= [[Freihung|Schickenhof]], [[German Empire]]
| death_date	= {{death date and age|1957|6|21|1874|4|15|df=y}}
| death_place	= [[Traunstein]], [[West Germany]]
| nationality	= [[Germany]]
| field		= [[Pheesics]]
| workplaces    = [[Varsity o Göttingen]]<br>[[Leibniz Varsity o Hannover|Technische Hochschule, Hannover]]<br>[[RWTH Aachen|Technische Hochschule, Aachen]]<br>[[Varsity o Greifswald]]<br>[[Varsity o Würzburg]]
| alma_mater	=  [[Varsity o Munich]]
| doctoral_advisor =  [[Eugen von Lommel]]
| doctoral_students= <!--please insert-->
| known_for 	= [[Stark effect]]
| prizes	= [[Matteucci Medal]] <small>(1915)</small><br>[[Nobel Prize in Pheesics]] <small>(1919)</small>
}}
'''Johannes Stark''' ({{IPA-de|joˈhanəs ʃtaʁk}}, 15 Aprile 1874 – 21 Juin 1957) wis a [[German fowk|German]] [[pheesics|pheesicist]] an [[Nobel Prize in Pheesics|Pheesics Nobel Prize]] laureate, wha wis closely involved wi the ''[[Deutsche Physik]]'' muivement unner the [[Nazi regime]].

'''Experience''' is the [[knawledge]] or maistery o an event or subject gained throu involvement in or exposur tae it.<ref>
Compare various contemporary defineetions gien in the [[Oxford English Dictionary|OED]] (2nt edeetion, 1989): "[...] 3. The actual [[observation]] of facts or events, considered as a source of knowledge.[...]  4. a. The fact of being consciously the subject of a state or condition, or of being consciously affected by an event. [...]  b. In religious use: A state of mind or feeling forming part of the inner religious life; the mental history (of a person) with regard to religious emotion. [...]  6. What has been experienced; the events that have taken place within the knowledge of an individual, a community, mankind at large, either during a particular period or generally. [...]  7. a. Knowledge resulting from actual observation or from what one has undergone. [...] 8. The state of having been occupied in any department of study or practice, in affairs generally, or in the intercourse of life; the extent to which, or the length of time during which, one has been so occupied; the aptitudes, skill, judgement, etc. thereby acquired."
</ref>

'''Johnnie Walker''' is a brand o [[Whisky|Scotch whisky]] nou awned bi [[Diageo]] that oreeginatit in the toun o  [[Kilmarnock]],  [[Ayrshire]].

[[Image:Narcissus-Caravaggio (1594-96) edited.jpg|thumb|''Narcissus'' (1590s) bi [[Caravaggio]] ([[Galleria Nazionale d'Arte Antica]], Roum)]]
'''Narcissism''' is the pursuit o gratification frae [[vainity]] or [[egoteestic]] admiration o ane's ain attributes. The term oreeginatit frae [[Greek meethology]], whaur the young [[Narcissus (meethology)|Narcissus]] fell in luve wi his ain eemage reflectit in a puil o watter.

{{taxobox
|image = Wiesensalbei 1.jpg
|image_caption = Meadow Sage (''[[Salvia pratensis|S. pratensis]]'')
|regnum = [[Plant]]ae
|unranked_divisio = [[Flouerin plant|Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Asterids]]
|ordo = [[Lamiales]]
|familia = [[Lamiaceae]]
|subfamilia = [[Nepetoideae]] 
|tribus = [[Mentheae]]
|genus = '''''Salvia'''''
|genus_authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]<ref name="GRIN">{{cite web |url=http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/genus.pl?10674 |title=''Salvia'' L. |work=Germplasm Resources Information Network |publisher=United States Department of Agriculture |date=2004-09-10 |accessdate=2009-12-15 |archive-date=2009-08-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826233128/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/genus.pl?10674 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|subdivision_ranks = Species
|subdivision = see [[Leet o Salvia species|Leet o ''Salvia'' species]]
|}}
'''''Salvia''''' is the lairgest [[genus]] o plants in the [[Mentha|mint]] faimily, [[Lamiaceae]], wi nearly 1000 species o  [[shrub]]s, [[yerbaceous plant|yerbaceous]] [[perennial plant|perennials]], an [[annual plant|annuals]].<ref name="Walker">{{cite journal |last1=Walker |first1=J. B. |last2=Sytsma |first2=K. J. |last3=Treutlein |first3=J. |last4=Wink |first4=M. |title=Salvia (Lamiaceae) is not monophyletic: implications for the systematics, radiation, and ecological specializations of Salvia and tribe Mentheae |journal=American Journal of Botany |volume=91 |pages=1115–25 |year=2004 |doi=10.3732/ajb.91.7.1115 |pmid=21653467 |issue=7}}</ref><ref name="Sutton">{{cite book|last=Sutton|first=John|title=The Gardener's Guide to Growing Salvias|publisher=Workman Publishing Company|year=2004|page=17|isbn=978-0-88192-671-2}}</ref><ref name="Clebsch">{{cite book|last1=Clebsch|first1=Betsy|last2=Barner|first2=Carol D.|title=The New Book of Salvias|publisher=Timber Press|year=2003|page=18|isbn=978-0-88192-560-9|url=http://books.google.com/?id=NM0iwB8GrQYC&pg=PA18}}</ref>

{{Taxobox
| name = Northren white rhinoceros
| status = CR <!-- !DO NOT CHANGE IT BEFORE RECLASSIFIED BY IUCN ! IF YOU ARE UNABLE TO RESIST CHANGING IT, DISCUSS FIRST AT THE TALK PAGE-->
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| status_ref = <ref name=iucn>{{cite journal | authors =Emslie, R. | title = ''Ceratotherium simum ssp. cottoni'' | journal = [[IUCN Red Leet o Threatened Species]] | volume=2011 | page =e.T4183A10575517| publisher = [[IUCN]] | year =2011 | url =  http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2011-2.RLTS.T4183A10575517.en| accessdate = 25 November 2015}}</ref>
| image=Northern_White_Rhinoceros_Angalifu.jpg
| image_caption = [[Angalifu (rhinoceros)|Angalifu]], a male northren white rhinoceros at the [[San Diego Zoo Safari Park]].  Angalifu dee'd 14 Dizember 2014<ref name="washingtonpost1">{{cite news|title=A northern white rhino has died. There are now five left in the entire world.|url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/news/speaking-of-science/wp/2014/12/15/a-northern-white-rhino-has-died-there-are-now-five-left-in-the-entire-world/|work=The Washington Post|date=15 December 2014}}</ref>
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]]
| classis = [[Mammal]]ia
| ordo = [[Perissodactyla]]
| familia = [[Rhinocerotidae]]
| genus = ''[[Ceratotherium]]''
| species = ''[[White rhinoceros|C. simum]]''
| subspecies = '''''C. s. cottoni'''''
| range_map=Mapa distribuicao original white rhino.png
| range_map_caption= Orange = Northren white rhino range, Green = Soothren white rhino range
| trinomial = ''Ceratotherium simum cottoni''
| trinomial_authority = ([[Richard Lydekker|Lydekker]], 1908) 
}}

The '''Weemen's Tennis Association''' ('''WTA'''), foondit in 1973 bi [[Billie Jean King]], is the principal organizin body o [[weemen]]'s professional [[tennis]]. It govrens the '''WTA Tour''' which is the warldwide professional tennis tour for weemen. Its coonterpairt organisation in the men's professional gemme is the [[Association o Tennis Professionals]] (ATP).

{{Automatic Taxobox
| name = Mustelidae
| image = WEASEL.JPG
| image_caption = [[Lang-tailed wheasel]] (''Mustela frenata'')
| fossil_range = {{Fossil range|15|0}}<small>Early [[Miocene]] – Recent</small>
| taxon = Mustelidae
| authority = [[Johann Fischer von Waldheim|G. Fischer de Waldheim]], 1817
| type_genus = ''[[Weasel|Mustela]]''
| type_genus_authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], 1758
| subdivision_ranks = [[Family (biology)|Subfamilies]]
| subdivision =
*[[Guloninae]] ([[mairten]]s, [[wolverine]]s)
*[[ferret-badger|Helictidinae]] ([[ferret-brock]]s)
*[[Ictonychinae]] ([[grison]]s, [[Ictonyx|African polecat]]s)
*[[Otter|Lutrinae]] (otters)
*[[Badger (animal)|Melinae]] (Eurasian brocks)
*[[Ratel|Mellivorinae]] (hinnie brocks)
*[[Mustelinae]] (wheasels)
*[[American badger|Taxidiinae]] (American brocks)
*'''Incertae sedis'''
**''{{extinct}}[[Hoplictis]]''}}
The '''Mustelidae''' (frae Laitin ''mustela'', weasel) are a faimily o [[carnivora|carnivorous]] [[mammal]]s, includin the [[otter]], [[badger]], [[weasel]], [[marten]], [[foumart]], [[mink]] an [[wolverine]].

'''Leeteratur''' is leiterally "an acquent wi [[letter]]s" (frae the [[Latin leid|Latin]] ''littera'' meanin "the ae written chairacter ([[letter]])"). The term haes maistly come til identifee a collection o [[text]]s. The wird "leeteratur" as a common noon can refer til onie kin o writin, sic as essays; "Leeteratur" as a proper noon refers til a hail bodie o leiterar wark, global or anent the ae cultur. Monie a time there's confusion on the actual defineition o leeteratur an Leeteratur. The wird "leeteratur" can be baith singular an plural, juist like "Literatur". Sayin that, "leeteraturs" is plural forby. Houaniver "Leeteratur", wi emphasis on uppercase L, is a subset o the mair wide-reengin "leeteratur". "Leeteratur" is uised for onie written wark o byordinar intellectual calibre, whiles "leeteratur" can be oniething written. Sae, ''[[War and Peace]]'' bi [[Leo Tolstoy|Tolstoy]] is "Leeteratur" (singular) as weel as "leeteratur" (singular), but [[Charles Dickens]]'s wark is pairt o "Leeteratur" (plural) as weel as "leeteratur" (plural). Mairanower a [[Harry Potter]] novel will be thocht on as "leeteratur" (singular) but nae as "Leeteratur" (singular) sith maist fowk wadna deem the beuks as intellectual or meaninfu eneuch at an academic level. Likewice the Harry Potter collection bi [[J. K. Rowling]] will be thocht on as "leeteratur" (plural) but nae as "Leeteratur" (plural). What is intellectual an meaninfu is subjective an aften controversial or dubious, but it daesna interfere wi the defineition abuin.
{{authority control}}
{{Commonscat|Literature}}

}}
| image      = Tan Son Nhat International Airport at night (12088245464).jpg
| image-width= 200
| IATA= SGN
| ICAO= VVTS
| type= Public
| owner= [[Govrenment o Vietnam|Vietnamese govrenment]]
| operator= [[Airports Corporation o Vietnam]]
| city-served= [[Ho Chi Minh Ceety]], Vietnam
| location= [[Tan Binh Destrict]]
| hub=
<div>
* [[Jetstar Pacific Airlines]]
* [[Vietnam Air Service Company|VASCO]]
* [[VietJet Air]]
* [[Vietnam Airlines]]
</div>
| metric-elev = y
| elevation-m = 10
| coordinates = {{coord|10|49|08|N|106|39|07|E|region:VN-SG|display=inline,title}}
| website= [http://en.vietnamairport.vn/ Airports Corporation o Vietnam]
| pushpin_map            = Vietnam
| pushpin_map_caption    = Location o the airport in Vietnam
| pushpin_label          = '''SGN'''
| pushpin_label_position = top
| metric-rwy = y
| r1-number  = 07L/25R
| r1-length-m= 3,050
| r1-surface = Concrete
| r2-number  = 07R/25L
| r2-length-m= 3,800
| r2-surface = Concrete
| stat-year   = 2013
| stat1-header= Passenger movements
| stat1-data  = 20,034,980<ref>{{cite web|title=Cảng HKQT TSN đón nhận danh hiệu đơn vị đứng đầu trong ngành GTVT năm 2013|url=http://vietnamairport.vn/page/876/hoat-dong-acv/cang-hkqt-tsn-don-nhan-danh-hieu-don-vi-dung-dau-trong-nganh-gtvt-nam-2013|publisher=Airports Corporation of Vietnam|accessdate=30 April 2014|archive-date=2016-03-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160312174856/http://vietnamairport.vn/page/876/hoat-dong-acv/cang-hkqt-tsn-don-nhan-danh-hieu-don-vi-dung-dau-trong-nganh-gtvt-nam-2013|url-status=dead}}</ref> 
| stat2-header= Airfreicht movements in tonnes
| stat2-data  = 375,822
| footnotes   = Soorces: GCM,<ref name="GCM">{{GCM|SGN}}</ref> STV<ref name="STV">{{STV|1904593|Tân Sơn Nhất Internaitional Airport}}</ref>
}}
'''Tan Son Nhat Airport''' is an airport in [[Ho Chi Minh Ceety]], [[Vietnam]], 1730&nbsp;km sooth [[Hanoi]], 6&nbsp;km north [[Ho Chi Minh Ceety]]. It haes runway 3800 m x 45 m.
Ho Chi Minh ceiti haes the thrangest airport in Vietnam.

[[Image:DAF 44.jpg|right|250px|DAF 44]]

]]

| birth_place      = Lunnon, Ingland
 | death_date       = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1832|06|06|1748|02|15}}
 | death_place      = Lunnon, Ingland
 | school_tradition = [[Utilitarianism]], [[legal positivism]], [[liberalism]]
 | main_interests   = Poleetical filosofie, filosofie o law, ethics, economics
 | influences       = [[Protagoras]]{{·}} [[Epicurus]]{{·}} [[John Locke]]{{·}} [[David Hume]]{{·}} [[Baron de Montesquieu|Montesquieu]]{{·}} [[Claude Adrien Helvétius|Helvétius]]{{·}} [[Thomas Hobbes|Hobbes]]{{·}} [[Cesare Beccaria|Beccaria]]{{·}}[[Adam Smith]]
 | influenced       = [[John Stuart Mill]]{{·}} [[Henry Sidgwick]]{{·}} [[Michel Foucault]]{{·}} [[Peter Singer]]{{·}} [[John Austin (legal filosofie)|John Austin]]{{·}} [[Robert Owen]]{{·}} [[David Pearce (philosopher)|David Pearce]] {{·}} [[H. L. A. Hart]] {{·}} [[Iain King]] {{·}} [[Francis Y. Edgeworth]]
 | notable_ideas    = [[Greatest happiness principle]]
 | signature        = Jeremy Bentham signature.jpg
}}
'''Jeremy Bentham''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|b|ɛ|n|θ|əm}}; 15 Februar 1748 [O.S. 4 Februar 1747]<ref>[http://sites.google.com/site/countyhistorian/ancestry-of-jeremy-bentham W. Johnson, "Ancestry of Jeremy Bentham" (2012).]</ref> – 6 Juin 1832) was a Breetish [[philosopher]], [[jurist]], an [[social reformer]]. He is regairdit as the foonder o modren [[utilitarianism]].

| subdivision_type1       = [[Autonomous commonties o Spain|Autonomous commonty]]
| subdivision_name1       = {{flag|Catalonie}}
| subdivision_type2       = [[Provinces o Spain|Province]]
| subdivision_name2       = [[Province o Barcelona|Barcelona]]
| seat_type               = [[Caipital ceety|Capital]]
| seat                    = [[Sabadell]] an [[Terrassa]]
| parts_type              = Municipalities
| parts_style             = list
| p1                      = [[Barberà del Vallès]], [[Castellar del Vallès]], [[Castellbisbal]], [[Cerdanyola del Vallès]], [[Gallifa]], [[Matadepera]], [[Montcada i Reixac]], [[Palau-solità i Plegamans]], [[Polinyà]], [[Rellinars]], [[Ripollet]], [[Rubí, Barcelona|Rubí]], [[Sabadell]], [[Sant Cugat del Vallès]], [[Sant Llorenç Savall]], [[Sant Quirze del Vallès]], [[Santa Perpètua de Mogoda]], [[Sentmenat]], [[Terrassa]], [[Ullastrell]], [[Vacarisses]], [[Viladecavalls]]
| leader_party            = 
| leader_title            = 
| leader_name             = 
| area_footnotes          = 
| area_total_km2          =  585.2
| elevation_footnotes     = 
| elevation_m             = 
| population_footnotes    = 
| population_total        = 715181
| population_as_of        = 2002
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_demonym      = &nbsp;
| population_note         = 
| blank_name_sec1         = [[Leet o municipalities o Spain|Lairgest municipality]]
| blank_info_sec1         = [[Sabadell]]
| timezone1               = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset1             = +1
| timezone1_DST           = [[Central European Simmer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset1_DST         = +2
| postal_code_type        = [[Leet o postal codes in Spain|Postal code]]
| postal_code             = 
| area_code_type          = [[Telephone nummers in Spain|Dialin code]]
| area_code               = 
| website                 = 
| footnotes               = 
}}

[[Image:Prostaglandin E1.svg|thumb|right|[[Alprostadil|E<sub>1</sub> - Alprostadil]]]]
The '''prostaglandins''' (PG) are a group o [[physiology|physiologically]] active [[lipid]] compoonds havin diverse [[hormone]]-lik effects in ainimals.

{{Automatic taxobox
| taxon = Malpighiales
| fossil_range= Mid [[Cretaceous]] – Recent {{fossilrange|100|0}}
| image =Starr_010309-0546_Calophyllum_inophyllum.jpg
| image_caption = Flouer o ''[[Calophyllum inophyllum]]'' ([[Calophyllaceae]])
| authority = [[Antoine Laurent de Jussieu|Juss.]] ''ex'' [[Friedrich von Berchtold|Bercht.]] & [[Jan Svatopluk Presl|J.Presl]]<ref name="apgiii"/>
| subdivision_ranks = Faimilies
| subdivision =
*[[Achariaceae]]
*[[Balanopaceae]]
*[[Bonnetiaceae]]
*[[Calophyllaceae]]
*[[Caryocaraceae]]
*[[Centroplacaceae]]
*[[Chrysobalanaceae]]
*[[Clusiaceae]]
*[[Ctenolophonaceae]]
*[[Dichapetalaceae]]
*[[Elatinaceae]]
*[[Erythroxylaceae]]
*[[Euphorbiaceae]]
*[[Euphroniaceae]]
*[[Goupiaceae]]
*[[Humiriaceae]]
*[[Hypericaceae]]
*[[Irvingiaceae]]
*[[Ixonanthaceae]]
*[[Lacistemataceae]]
*[[Linaceae]]
*[[Lophopyxidaceae]]
*[[Malpighiaceae]]
*[[Ochnaceae]]
*[[Pandaceae]]
*[[Passifloraceae]]
*[[Peraceae]]
*[[Phyllanthaceae]]
*[[Picrodendraceae]]
*[[Podostemaceae]]
*[[Putranjivaceae]]
*[[Rafflesiaceae]]
*[[Rhizophoraceae]]
*[[Salicaceae]]
*[[Trigoniaceae]]
*[[Violaceae]]
| synonyms = Rhizophorales
}}
'''Malpighiales''' is ane o the lairgest [[Order (biology)|orders]] o [[flouerin plant]]s, containin aboot 16000 [[species]], approximately 7.8% o the [[eudicots]].<ref name="malpighiales">Peter F. Stevens (2001 onwards). [http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/Research/APweb/orders/malpighialesweb.htm#Malpighiales Malpighiales] At: [http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/Research/APweb/welcome.html Angiosperm Phylogeny Website] At: [http://www.mobot.org Missouri Botanical Garden Website]</ref> The order is very diverse, containin plants as different as the willow, violet, ''[[Poinsettia]]'' an coca plant, an haird tae recognize except wi [[molecular phylogenetic]] evidence. It is nae pairt o ony o the [[Systematics|classification]] seestems that are based anly on [[plant morphology]].

an a "Roushie cigarette" pastry stuffed wi [[cottage cheese]]]]
'''Cuikin''' or '''cuikery''' is the airt o preparin [[fuid]] for consumption wi the uise o heat. Cuikin techniques an ingredients vary widely athort the warld, reflectin unique environmental, economic, an cultural tradeetions an trends. The wey that cuikin taks place depends on the skill an kin o trainin an individual cuik haes. Cuiking can occur throu chemical reactions wioot the presence o heat, maist kenspeckle is wi sushi that uises a chemical reaction atween fish an the acid content o rice glazed wi veinegar. A seimilar fuid is [[Ceviche]], a tradeetional Sooth American dish, whaur fish is cuiked wi the acids in leemon or lime juice.

{{fixscots}}
{{Automatic_taxobox
| name = Pine tree
| image = Pinus densiflora Kumgangsan.jpg
| image_caption = [[Japanese reid pine]] (''Pinus densiflora''), [[North Korea]]
| taxon = Pinus
| authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]
| subdivision_ranks = Subgenera
| subdivision =
| range_map = Pinus range.png
| range_map_caption = Range o ''Pinus''
}}
A '''pine''' is ony [[Pinophyta|conifer]] in the [[genus]] '''''Pinus,''''' o the [[faimily (biology)|faimily]] [[Pinaceae]]. ''Pinus'' is the sole genus in the [[subfaimily]] '''Pinoideae'''. The Plant List compiled bi the [[Ryal Botanic Gairdens, Kew]] an [[Missouri Botanical Gairden]] accepts 126 speshies names o pines as current, thegether wi 35 unresolved speshies an mony mair synonyms.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/search?q=pinus |title=The Plant List Version 1.1 |accessdate=15 December 2015 |archive-date=2019-06-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190601230909/http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/search?q=Pinus |url-status=dead }}</ref>

{{fixscots}}
'''Reality''', frae [[Latin leid|Latin]] "res, rerum", meanin "the hing", is a philosophical conceipt that introduces the notion o reality, truith, suith. The opposite notion is "virtuality".

A '''calendar''' is a seestem o organisin days for social, releegious, commercial or admeenistrative purposes. This is duin bi giein names tae periods o [[time]], teepically [[day]]s, [[week]]s, [[month]]s, an [[year]]s. A [[calendar date|date]] is the designation o a single, specific day within such a seestem. A calendar is an aa a pheesical record (eften paper) o such a seestem. A calendar can an aa mean a leet o planned events, such as a [[coort calendar]] or a pairtly or fully chronological leet o documents, such as a calendar o wills.

</ref>
|pop_date = 2011-11-30
|GDP = 30.06
|GDP_year = 2010
|GDP_percent = 1.2
|Website = [http://www.saarland.de/ saarland.de]
|leader_title =
|leader = Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer
|leader_party = CDU
|ruling_party1 = CDU
|ruling_party2 = SPD
|ruling_party3 = 
|votes = 3
|NUTS = DEC
|iso region = DE-SL
|coordinates = {{coord|49|22|59|N|6|49|59|E|display=inline}}
|date=August 2010
}}
'''Saarland''' ({{IPA-de|ˈzaːɐlant}}; {{lang-fr|Sarre}}, {{IPA-fr|saʁ|IPA}}) is ane o the saxteen  [[States o Germany|states]] o [[Germany]]. The caipital is [[Saarbrücken]]. It haes an aurie o 2570&nbsp;km² an 1,045,000 indwellers. In baith aurie an population, it is the smawest state in Germany ither than the [[ceety-state]]s ([[Berlin]], [[Bremen (state)|Bremen]] an [[Hamburgh]]). Its location on the mairch atween Fraunce an Germany haes gien Saarland a unique history.

{{automatic taxobox
| taxon = Zingiber officinale
| image = Koeh-146-no_text.jpg
| image_caption = 1896 color plate frae<br>''[[Köhler's Medicinal Plants]]''
| binomial = ''Zingiber officinale''
| binomial_authority = [[William Roscoe|Roscoe]] 1807<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?42254
|title=Zingiber officinale information from NPGS/GRIN
|publisher=ars-grin.gov
|accessdate=3 March 2008
|archive-date=2015-10-01
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151001171854/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?42254
|url-status=dead
}}</ref>
}}
'''Ginge''' or '''ginge root''' is the [[rhizome]] o the plant ''[[Zingiber]] officinale'', consumed as a [[delicacy]], [[medicine]], or [[spice]].

'''Semantics''' (frae {{lang-grc|[[wikt:σημαντικός|σημαντικός]]}} ''sēmantikós'', "signeeficant")<ref>{{LSJ|shmantiko/s|σημαντικός|ref}}</ref><ref>The wird is derived frae the [[Auncient Greek]] wird {{lang|grc|σημαντικός}} (''semantikos''), "relatit tae meanin, signeeficant", frae {{lang|grc|σημαίνω}} ''semaino'', "tae signify, tae indicate", which is frae {{lang|grc|σῆμα}} ''sema'', "sign, mark, token". The plural is uised in analogy wi wirds seemilar tae ''pheesics'', which wis in the neuter plural in Auncient Greek an meant "things relatin tae naitur".</ref> is the study o [[meanin (lingueestics)|meanin]].

'''Rhineland-Palatinate''' is ane o the 16 [[States o Germany|states]] o the [[Germany|Federal Republic o Germany]]. It haes an aurie o 19,846 square kilometre (7,663 sq mi) an thareaboot fower million inhabitant. The caipital is [[Mainz]]. It is forby commonly refert tae bi its [[German leid|German]] name, '''Rheinland-Pfalz'''.

{{speciesbox
| name = Wild horse
| status = EN
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| status_ref =<ref>{{IUCN2011.2|assessor=Boyd, L.|assessor2=King, S. R. B.|last-assessor-amp=yes|year=2011|id=41763|title=Equus ferus|downloaded=18 January 2012}}</ref>
| image = Equus ferus (wild horse) gallery.jpg
| image_upright = 1.3
| image_caption = Tap left: ''[[Equus ferus caballus]]'' (horse)<br />Tap richt: ''[[Equus ferus przewalskii]]'' (Przewalski's horse)<br />
Below left: ''[[Equus ferus ferus]]'' (tarpan)<br />
Below right: ''Equus ferus'' fossil frae 9100 BC
| parent = Equus (Equus)
| taxon = Equus ferus
| authority = [[Pieter Boddaert|Boddaert]], 1785
| subdivision_ranks = [[Subspecies]]
| subdivision =
*[[extinction|†]]''[[Equus ferus ferus]]''
*''[[Equus ferus przewalskii]]''
*''[[Equus ferus caballus]]''
| range_map =
| range_map_caption =
}}
The '''wild horse''' (''Equus ferus'') is a [[species]] o the [[genus]] [[Equus (genus)|''Equus'']], that includes as [[subspecies]] the modren [[domesticatit]] [[horse]] (''Equus ferus caballus'') as well as the undomesticatit [[tarpan]] (''Equus ferus ferus'', nou extinct), an the [[Endangered species|endangered]] [[Przewalski's horse]] (''Equus ferus przewalskii'').<ref name=MSW3>{{MSW3 Perissodactyla | id = 14100015 | page = 630–631}}</ref>

{{infobox europium}}
'''Europium''' is a [[chemical element]] wi the seembol '''Eu''' an [[atomic nummer]] 63. It is named efter the continent [[Europe]]. It is a moderately haird, sillery [[metal]] whilk readily oxidizes in air an [[watter]]. Bein a teepical member o the [[lanthanide]] series, europium uisually assumes the [[oxidation state]] +3, but the oxidation state +2 is common an aa: aw europium compoonds wi oxidation state +2 are slichtly [[redox|reducing]]. Europium haes na signeeficant biological role an is relatively non-toxic compared tae ither [[Hivy metal (chemistry)|hivy metals]]. Maist applications o europium exploit the phosphorescence o europium compoonds.

{{fixscots}}

An '''emperor''' (throu [[Auld French]] ''empereor'' frae {{lang-la|[[imperator]]}}<ref>{{OEtymD|emperor|accessdate=2010-08-30}}</ref>) or '''[[Define:Cazard|cazard]]''' (frae [[Laitin]] ''Caesar'') is a [[monarch]], uisually the [[sovereign]] ruler o an [[empire]] or anither teep o imperial realm.

{{infobox drug
| verifiedrevid =
| IUPAC_name = 1,3,7-Trimethylpurine-2,6-dione<!--Refs: Pubchem & IUPHAR ligand-->
| image = Koffein - Caffeine.svg
| image2 = Caffeine (1) 3D spacefill.png
| alt2 = Caffeine molecule
| width = 150px
| width2 = 150px

, a member o ane o the twa domains o prokaryotic life]]
A '''prokaryote''' is a [[unicellular|single-celled]] [[organism]] that lacks a membrane-boond [[cell nucleus|nucleus]] (karyon), [[mitochondrion|mitochondria]], or ony ither membrane-boond [[organelle]]s.<ref name=NCSU>{{cite web|url=http://www.ncsu.edu/project/bio183de/Black/prokaryote/prokaryote1.html|title=Prokaryotes: Single-celled Organisms|author=NC State University}}</ref>

|founder=<!-- or: | founders = -->|founding_location=[[Warsaw]], [[Poland]]|extinction=<!-- or: | dissolved = -->   <!--e.g. use {{end date and age|YYYY|MM|DD}}-->|merger=<!-- Other organizations (if any) merged to constitute the organization -->|type=<!-- e.g. [[Governmental organization]], [[Non-governmental organization|NGO]], etc -->|status=<!-- Organization's legal status and/or description (company, charity, foundation, etc) -->|purpose=<!-- or: | focus = -->       <!--(humanitarian, activism, peacekeeping, etc)-->|professional_title=<!-- for professional associations -->|headquarters=|location=|coordinates=<!-- location's {{coord}}s -->|region=<!-- or: | region_served = --> <!--Any particular region or regions associated with or served by the organization-->|services=|membership=<!-- Usually the number of members -->|membership_year=<!-- Year to which membership number/data apply -->|language=<!-- or: | languages = --> <!--Any official language or languages used by the organization-->|sec_gen=<!-- Name of the organization's Secretary General (if post exists) or gen_sec for General Secretary -->|leader_title=<!-- defaults to "Leader" -->|leader_name=[[Krzysztof Stanowski (civic leader)|Krzysztof Stanowski]]|leader_title2=|leader_name2=|leader_title3=|leader_name3=|leader_title4=|leader_name4=|board_of_directors=|key_people=|main_organ=<!-- or: | publication = --> <!--Organization's principal body (assembly, committee, board, etc) or publication-->|parent_organization=<!-- or: | parent_organisation = -->|subsidiaries=|secessions=|affiliations=|volunteers=<!-- Numbers and/or types of volunteers -->|volunteers_year=<!-- Year to which volunteer numbers/data apply -->|website={{URL|http://solidarnosczukraina.pl|SolidarnoscZUkraina.PL}}|remarks=|formerly=<!-- Any former names by which the organization known -->|footnotes=}}

{{fixscots|date=October 2020}}

</ref><ref name = OED>Oxford English Dictionary</ref><ref name = Islam>{{cite web| last =Khalifa| first =Rashad (trans)| title =Sura 76, The Human (Al-Insaan)| work =Quran The Final Testament| url =http://www.masjidtucson.org/quran/noframes/ch76.html#21| accessdate = 2007-11-30 }}</ref>
| r= 0 |g= 128 |b= 0 |rgbspace=[[sRGB color space|sRGB]]
| source=sRGB approximation<br> tae {{nobr|NCS S 2060-G}}<ref>The sRGB values are takken bi convertin the NCS color {{nobr|2060-G}} uisin the "NCS Navigator" tuil at [http://www.ncscolour.com/ the NCS wabsteid].</ref>}}

|birth_place      = [[Albisola]], [[Republic o Genoa]]
|death_date       = {{death date and age|1513|2|21|1443|12|5|df=y}}
|death_place      = [[Roum]], [[Papal States]]
|buried           = [[San Pietro in Vincoli]], [[Roum]]
|parents          = Rafaello della Rovere an Theodora Manerola
|children         = [[Felice della Rovere]]
|other            = Julius 
|coat_of_arms     = C o a popes Della Rovere.svg
}}
'''Pope Julius II''' ({{lang-it|Papa Giulio II}}; {{lang-la|Iulius II}}) (5 December 1443 – 21 Februar 1513),  born '''Giuliano [[Hoose o della Rovere|della Rovere]]''', an nicknamed "The Fearsome Pape"<ref>{{cite book|last=Blech|first=Benjamin|author2=Doliner, Roy.|title=The Sistene Secrets|url=https://archive.org/details/sistinesecretsmi00blec|publisher=HarperCollins Publishers|location=New York, NY|year=2008|page=[https://archive.org/details/sistinesecretsmi00blec/page/106 106]|isbn=978-0-06-146904-6}} The term 'terrible' was first applied by Julius himself to Michaelangelo, and only later to the Pope by others: Pastor, VI, pp. 214–215.</ref> an "The Warrior Pope". In his nine-year pontificate his militar an diplomatic interventions avertit a tak-ower bi Fraunce o the Italian States (includin the Papal States).

'''Peter Wishart''' (born [[9 Mairch]] [[1962]]) is a [[Scotland|Scots]] politeecian, an a member o the [[Unitit Kinrick]] pairlament at Wastmeenster, representin the [[Scots National Pairty]]. He represents the Pairth an North Pairthshire consteetuency in the [[Hoose o Commons o the Unitit Kinrick|Hoose o Commons]], and is ane o the langest servin Scots MPs.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Bussey|first=Katrine|title=Wishart steps aside in SNP depute leadership contest|language=en|url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/wishart-steps-aside-in-snp-depute-leadership-contest-v8vppsbb9|access-date=2022-05-12|issn=0140-0460}}</ref>

|INSEE   =33063
|region   =New Aquitaine
|department  =Gironde
|arrondissement =Bordeaux
|canton   =
 |mayor              = Nicolas Florian
 |party              = [[The Republicans (France)|LR]]
|term   =2008–2014
|area km2  =49.36
 |population         = {{France metadata Wikidata|population_total}}
 |population date    = {{France metadata Wikidata|population_as_of}}
 |population footnotes  = {{France metadata Wikidata|population_footnotes}}
|population ranking=[[Leet o communes in Fraunce wi ower 20,000 inhabitants (2006 census)|9t in Fraunce]]
|communes   =191
|urban area km2  =1057
|urban area date =2008&nbsp;estimate
|urban pop   =832,605
|urban pop date  =2008&nbsp;estimate
|metro area km2  =3875.2
|metro area date =2008&nbsp;estimate
|metro area pop  =1,105,000 (6t in Fraunce)
|metro area pop date=2008&nbsp;estimate
|intercom details =[[Urban Commonty o Bordeaux|Bordeaux]]
|website  = {{URL|www.bordeaux.fr}}
}}

'''Hinnie''' is a solit or liquid [[fuid]] that is makkit by [[skep-bee]]s by chyngin [[nectar]] frae [[flouer]]s. Than thay pit the hinnie intae a [[hinniekaim]]. Hinnie is [[sweet]] an can be uised insteid o [[succar]].
Hinnie is first mentiont in the Beuk o [[Exodus]], an is aften associate wi bien, couthie an seilfu things. "Laund o milk an hinnie".

{{chembox
| Name = Calcium oxide
| ImageFile = Calcium-oxide-3D-vdW.png
| ImageSize = 200px
| ImageName = Calcium oxide
| IUPACName = Calcium oxide
| OtherNames = Quicklime, burnt lime, unslaked lime
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
| ChemSpiderID = 14095
| UNII = C7X2M0VVNH
| InChI = 1/Ca.O/rCaO/c1-2
| SMILES = [Ca]=O
| InChIKey = ODINCKMPIJJUCX-BFMVISLHAU
| CASNo = 1305-78-8
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite}}
| PubChem = 14778
| RTECS = EW3100000
| UNNumber = 1910
| ATCvet = yes
| ATCCode_prefix = P53
| ATCCode_suffix = AX18
}}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
| Formula = CaO
| MolarMass = 56.0774 g/mol
| ExactMass = 55.957506
| Appearance = White tae fauch yellae/broun pouder
| Odor = odorless
| Density = 3.34 g/cm<sup>3</sup><ref name=crc/>
| Solubility = 1.19 g/L (25 °C), 0.57 g/L (100 °C), exothermic reaction<ref>{{cite book|url=http://www.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=159&page=20|page=20|title=Water Chemicals Codex|author=Committee on Water Treatment Chemicals, Food and Nutrition Board, Assembly of Life Sciences, National Research Council|year=1982|isbn=0-309-07368-5}}</ref>
| MeltingPt = 2613 °C, 2886 K, 4735 °F<ref name=crc>{{RubberBible92nd|page=4.55}}</ref>
| BoilingPt = 2850 °C, 3123 K (100 [[hPa]])<ref>[http://gestis.itrust.de/nxt/gateway.dll/gestis_de/001200.xml?f=templates$fn=default.htm$3.0 Calciumoxid] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131230232501/http://gestis.itrust.de/nxt/gateway.dll/gestis_de/001200.xml?f=templates%24fn%3Ddefault.htm%243.0 |date=2013-12-30 }}. GESTIS database</ref>
| pKa = 12.8
| Solvent1 = acids
| Solubility1 = soluble (an aa in [[glycerol]], [[succar|succar solution]])
| Solvent2 = methanol
| Solubility2 = insoluble (an aa in [[diethyl ether]], [[1-Nonanol|n-octanol]])
}}
| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure
| Structure = [[Sodium chloride|NaCl]]
}}
| Section4 = {{Chembox Thermochemistry
|   DeltaHf = −635&nbsp;kJ·mol<sup>−1</sup><ref name=b1>{{cite book| author = Zumdahl, Steven S.|title =Chemical Principles 6th Ed.| url = https://archive.org/details/chemicalprincipl0000zumd_u9g0| publisher = Houghton Mifflin Company| year = 2009| isbn = 0-618-94690-X|page=A21}}</ref>
|   Entropy = 40&nbsp;J·mol<sup>−1</sup>·K<sup>−1</sup><ref name=b1 />
 }}
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards
| ExternalMSDS = [http://hazard.com/msds/mf/baker/baker/files/c0462.htm]
| EUClass =
| EUIndex = Nae leetit
| RPhrases =
| SPhrases =
| NFPA-H = 3
| NFPA-F = 0
| NFPA-R = 2
| NFPA-O =
| FlashPt = Non-flammable
}}
| Section8 = {{Chembox Related
| OtherAnions = [[Calcium sulfide]]<br/>[[Calcium hydroxide]]
| OtherCations = [[Beryllium oxide]]<br/>[[Magnesium oxide]]<br/>[[Strontium oxide]]<br/>[[Barium oxide]]
}}
}}

'' bi [[Johannes Vermeer]]]]
An '''astronomer''' is a scientist in the field o [[astronomy]] wha concentrates thair studies on a speceefic quaisten or field ootside o the scope o [[Yird]].

{{fixscots|date=Dizember 2020}}

{{Taxobox
| name = '''''Characiformes'''''
| image = Schmucksalmler (1).jpg
| image_width = 250px
| image_caption = ''[[Hyphessobrycon bentosi]]''
| fossil_range = 
| regnum = [[Animalia]]
| phylum = [[Chordata]]
| classis = [[Actinopterygii]]
| superordo = [[Ostariophysi]]
| ordo = '''Characiformes'''
| ordo_authority = [[Charles Tate Regan|Regan]], 1911
| subdivision_ranks = [[Faimily (biology)|Faimilies]]
| subdivision =
[[Acestrorhynchidae]]<br>
[[Alestidae]]<br>
[[Anostomidae]]<br>
[[Characidae]]<br>
[[Chilodontidae (fishes)|Chilodontidae]]<br>
[[Citharinidae]]<br>
[[Crenuchidae]]<br>
[[Ctenoluciidae]]<br>
[[Curimatidae]]<br>
[[Cynodontidae]]<br>
[[Distichodontidae]]<br>
[[Erythrinidae]]<br>
[[Gasteropelecidae]]<br>
[[Hemiodontidae]]<br>
[[Hepsetidae]]<br>
[[Lebiasinidae]]<br>
[[Parodontidae]]<br>
[[Prochilodontidae]]<br>
[[Serrasalmidae]]<br>
[[Triporthidae]]<br>
[[Salminopsidae]]&nbsp;[[extinction|†]]<br>
[[Sorbinicharacidae]]&nbsp;[[extinction|†]]
}}

The '''Jamaican general election 2016''' wis fur tae wale the fowk that be in the [[parliament o Jamaica]]. It wis on the 25t Febriweer 2016.

Museum Leebrar.]]
'''Nasreddin''' or '''Nasreddin Hodja'''<ref>{{lang-tr|Nasreddin Hoca}}, {{lang-ota|نصر الدين خواجه}}, ''{{lang|ota-Latn|Nasreddīn Hodja}}'', {{lang-fa|خواجه نصرالدین}}, {{lang-ps|ملا نصرالدین}}, {{lang-ar|نصرالدین جحا}} / [[ALA-LC]]: ''{{transl|ar|ALA-LC|Naṣraddīn Juḥā}}'', {{lang-ur|{{Nastaliq|ملا نصر الدین}}}} / [[ALA-LC]]: ''{{transl|ur|ALA-LC|Mullā Naṣru l-dīn}}'', {{lang-uz|Nosiriddin Xo'ja}}, {{lang-bs|Nasrudin Hodža}}, {{lang-sq|Nastradin Hoxha, Nastradini}}, {{lang-ro|Nastratin Hogea}}</ref> wis a [[Seljuq Empire|Seljuq]] [[satirical]] [[Sufi]], born in Hortu Veelage in [[Sivrihisar]], [[Eskişehir Province]], present-day [[Turkey]] an dee'd in 13t century in [[Akşehir]], near [[Konya]], a caipital o the [[Sultanate o Rum|Seljuk Sultanate o Rum]], in the day's [[Turkey]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.pitt.edu/~dash/hodja.html#nasreddin|title=Nasreddin Hodja|website=www.pitt.edu|access-date=2016-09-10}}</ref> He is conseedert a [[Populism|populist]] filosofer an wise man, remembered for his funny stories an [[anecdote]]s.<ref name=nasruddin>The outrageous Wisdom of Nasruddin, ''[http://www.nasruddin.org/ Mullah Nasruddin]''; accessed 19 February 2007.</ref><ref name="Nasreddin Hoca">{{cite web
 | title = Nasreddin Hoca
 | publisher=Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism
 | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D3138DF7C92FCA5B4D0584F186FD0FCCD518
 | accessdate =28 December 2006
}}</ref> He appears in thoosands o stories, whiles witty, whiles wise, but eften, too, a fuil or the butt o a joke. A Nasreddin story uisually haes a subtle humour an a [[moral|pedagogic naitur]].<ref name=iranica>{{cite web
|last=Javadi
|first=Hasan
|title=MOLLA NASREDDIN i. THE PERSON
|url=http://iranicaonline.org/articles/molla-nasreddin-i-the-person
|work=Encyclopaedia Iranica
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151117054414/http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/molla-nasreddin-i-the-person
|archive-date=17 November 2015
|accessdate=2015-12-07}}</ref> 
The Internaitional Nasreddin Hodja fest is celebratit btween 5 an 10 Julie in his hametoun every year.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aksehir.bel.tr/portal/index.php/nasreddin-hoca/nasreddin-hoca-senligi|title=Akşehir Belediyesi - Nasreddin Hoca Şenliği|work=aksehir.bel.tr|access-date=2017-04-16|archive-date=2011-08-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110817042611/http://www.aksehir.bel.tr/portal/index.php/nasreddin-hoca/nasreddin-hoca-senligi|url-status=dead}}</ref>

, Retrieved 2010-06-02.</ref>
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_density_sq_mi=
| population_est          =
| pop_est_as_of           =
| population_demonym      = <!-- demonym, ie. Liverpudlian for someone from Liverpool -->
| population_note         = 
<!-- time zone(s) -------------->
| timezone1               = [[Korea Staundart Time]]
| utc_offset1             = +9
| timezone1_DST           =
| utc_offset1_DST         =
<!-- postal codes, area code --->
| postal_code_type        =  <!-- enter ZIP code, Postcode, Post code, Postal code... -->
| postal_code             =
| area_code_type          = <!-- defaults to: Area code(s) -->
| area_code               =
<!-- website, footnotes -------->
| website                 = [http://yongsan.go.kr/eng/ Yongsan-gu offeecial wabsteid]
| footnotes               =
}}

'''Anna Komnene''' ({{lang-grc-gre|Ἄννα Κομνηνή}}, ''Ánna Komnēnḗ''; 1 December 1083 – 1153), commonly [[Laitinisation o names|laitinised]] as '''Anna Comnena''',{{sfnp|EB|1878}} wis a [[Byzantine]] princess, scholart, [[physeecian]], [[hospital admeenistrator]], an historian.

{{fixscots|date=October 2020}}

The '''Irish general election 2016''' haupint on the 26t o Febriweer 2016. The main ootcome is the loss o votes fur the twa pairties in pouer an the gain fur ither pairties. There wis a lang process o govrenment formation whaur the end ootcome wis the umwhile mucklemaist pairty, Fine Gael, takkin the heid o the govrenment alang wi a puckle o independents. This wis makkit oot acause o the Fianna Fail owerseein the new govrenment.

]]
{{Nobel}} '''Pablo Neruda''' ({{IPA-es|ˈpaβ̞lo̞ ne̞ˈɾuð̞a|lang}}; [[12 Julie]] [[1904]] – [[23 September]] [[1973]]) wis the pen name an, later, legal name o the [[Chile]]an poet, diplomat an politician '''Neftali Ricardo Reyes Basoalto'''.  He chose his pen name efter [[Czechs|Czech]] poet [[Jan Neruda]]. In 1971 Neruda wan the [[Nobel Prize for Leeteratur]].

'''Supilinn''' ([[Estonie leid|Estonie]] for ''"Soup toun"'') is a neebourheid o [[Tartu]], [[Estonie]]. It's locatit juist north o the [[Kesklinn, Tartu|ceety centre]], on the richt bank o [[Emajõgi]] River. Supilinn haes a population o 1,790 (as o 31 Dizember 2011).<ref name=tartu2011/> Wi a aurie o {{convert|0.48|km2|mi2|abbr=on}} it's the smawest neebourheid o Tartu.<ref name=tartu2011>{{cite web|title=Statistiline ülevaade Tartu 2011|url=http://www.tartu.ee/data/tartu_stat_aastaraamat_2011_veeb.pdf|publisher=Tartu linn|page=27|language=Estonian|year=2012|access-date=2013-07-19|archive-date=2013-04-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130413134620/http://www.tartu.ee/data/tartu_stat_aastaraamat_2011_veeb.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> Supilinn is especially famous for bein a umwhile [[slum]], maistly consistin o 1–2 floored firthen apairtment biggins.

|image_map=
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|inhabloc_cat=City
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|leader_name=Alexander Fomin
|leader_name_ref=<ref name="LeaderName">Official website of the Administration of Ivanovo. [http://www.ivgoradm.ru/mayors/mayor.htm Alexander Germanovich Fomin, Head of the City] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060615073603/http://ivgoradm.ru/mayors/mayor.htm |date=2006-06-15 }} {{ru icon}}</ref>
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The '''Buick Apollo''' is a [[compact caur]] based on the [[GM X platform]] an manufactured frae 1973 tae 1975, meanin it shared its platform wi the [[Oldsmobile Omega]], [[Chevrolet Nova]], an the [[Pontiac Ventura]]. The caur wis named for the Roman god [[Apollo]] who wis recognised as a god o licht an the sun; truth an prophecy; archery; medicine, healin an plague; muisic, poetry, an the airts. He an aa drove his sun-chariot, the [[Quadriga]] athort the sky.

{{Taxobox
| name = Moontain zebra
| status = VU | status_system = IUCN3.1
| status_ref = <ref name=iucn>{{IUCN2008|assessors=Novellie, P.|year=2008|id=7960|title=Equus zebra|downloaded=10 April 2009}} Database entry includes a brief justification of why this species is vulnerable.</ref>
| image = Hartmann zebra hobatere S.jpg
| image_caption = Hartmann's muntain zebra (''E. zebra hartmannae'')
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| phylum = [[Chordata]]
| classis = [[Mammal]]ia
| ordo = [[Perissodactyla]]
| familia = [[Equidae]]
| genus = ''[[Equus (genus)|Equus]]''
| subgenus = ''[[Zebra|Hippotigris]]''
| species = '''''E. zebra'''''
| binomial = ''Equus zebra''
| binomial_authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], [[10t edeetion o Systema Naturae|1758]]
| range_map = Mountain Zebra area.png
| range_map_caption = Muntain zebra range
| subdivision_ranks = [[Subspecies]]
| subdivision=
*''E. z. zebra''
*''E. z. hartmannae''
see [[#Taxonomy|text]]
}}
The '''moontain zebra''' (''Equus zebra'') is a threatened species o [[Equidae|equid]] native tae sooth-wastren [[Angolae]], [[Namibie]] an [[Sooth Africae]]. It haes twa [[subspecies]], the [[Cape muntain zebra]] (''E. z. zebra'') an [[Hartmann's muntain zebra]] (''E. z. hartmannae''), tho it haes been suggestit these should be considered separate species.

|birth_place      = [[Milan]], [[Duchy o Milan]]
|death_date       = {{Death date and age|1565|12|9|1499|3|31|df=y}}
|death_place      = [[Roum]], [[Papal States]]
|previous_post    = {{unbulleted list|[[Airchbishop o Ragusa]] (1545-1553)|[[Santa Pudenziana|Cardinal-Priest o Santa Pudenziana]] (1549-1550)|[[Basilica di Sant'Anastasia al Palatino|Cardinal-Priest o Santa Anastasia]] (1550-1552)|Apostolic Administrator o Cassano all'Jonio (1553-1556)|Cardinal-Priest o San Stefano al Monte Celio (1553-1557)|[[Bishop o Foligno]] (1556-1557)|[[Santa Prisca|Cardinal-Priest o Santa Prisca]] (1557-1559)|Apostolic Admeenistrator o Milan (1559-1560)}}
|other            = Pius
|coat_of_arms     = Pius IV Coat of Arms.svg
}}
'''Pape Pius IV''' (31 Mairch 1499 – 9 December 1565), born '''Giovanni Angelo Medici''', wis [[Pape]] frae 25 December 1559 tae his daith in 1565.<ref>[http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12272b.htm "The List of Popes."] ''[[The Catholic Encyclopedia]]''. Vol. 12. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1911. 4 Sept. 2014</ref>

{{Speciesbox
| name = European bison
| status = VU
| status_system = iucn3.1
| status_ref =<ref name=iucn>{{IUCN2008|assessor= Olech, W.|assessor2= IUCN SSC Bison Specialist Group|year=2008|id=2814|title=Bison bonasus|downloaded=14 January 2009}}</ref>
| image = European bisons .jpg
| image_caption = Wisent in a French wildlife reserve
| image_width = 250px
| taxon = Bison bonasus
| authority = ([[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], [[10t edeetion o Systema Naturae|1758]])
| subdivision_ranks = Subspecies
| subdivision = *''Bison bonasus bonasus'' (Linnaeus, 1758)
*†''[[Carpathie wisent|Bison bonasus hungarorum]]''
*†''[[Caucasie wisent|Bison bonasus caucasicus]]''
| range_map = Bison bonasus distribution.svg
| range_map_caption = 
}}
The '''European bison''' (''Bison bonasus''), kent as '''wisent''' or the '''European firth bison''', is a [[Eurasie]] [[species]] o [[bison]]. It is ane o twa extant species o bison, alangside the [[American bison]]. Three subspecies existit in the recent past, but anerly ane survives the day. The species is stryndit frae a hybrid, a cross atween a female [[Aurochs]], the extinct wild ancestor o modren cattle, an a male [[Steppe bison]]; the oreeginal hybrid is kent informally as the '''Higgs bison'''.<ref>{{citation |url=https://www.adelaide.edu.au/news/news88542.html |title=The Higgs Bison - mystery species hidden in cave art |date=19 October 2016 |publisher=The University of Adelaide |accessdate=13 January 2017}}</ref><ref name="Soubrier2016">{{cite journal |last1=Soubrier |first1=J. |last2=Gower |first2=G. |last3=Chen |first3=K. |last4=Richards |first4=S. M. |last5=Llamas |first5=B. |last6=Mitchell |first6=K. J. |last7=Ho |first7=S. Y. W. |last8=Kosintsev |first8=P. |last9=Lee |first9=M. S. Y. |last10=Baryshnikov |first10= G. |last11=Bollongino |first11=R. |last12=Bover |first12=P. |last13=Burger |first13=J. |last14=Chivall |first14=D. |last15=Crégut-Bonnoure |first15=E. |last16=Decker |first16=J. E. |last17=Doronichev |first17=V. B. |last18=Douka |first18=K. |last19=Fordham |first19=D. A. |last20=Fontana |first20=F. |last21=Fritz |first21=C. |last22=Glimmerveen |first22=J. |last23=Golovanova |first23=L. V. |last24=Groves |first24= C. |last25=Guerreschi |first25= A. |last26=Haak |first26=W. |last27=Higham |first27=T. |last28=Hofman-Kamińska |first28= E. |last29=Immel |first29=A. |last30=Julien |first30=M.-A. |last31=Krause |first31= J. |last32=Krotova |first32= O. |last33=Langbein |first33= F. |last34=Larson |first34=G. |last35=Rohrlach |first35=A. |last36=Scheu |first36=A. |last37=Schnabel |first37=R. D. |last38=Taylor |first38=J. F. |last39=Tokarska |first39=M. |last40=Tosello |first40=G. |last41=van der Plicht |first41=J. |last42=van Loenen |first42= A. |last43=Vigne |first43=J.-D. |last44=Wooley |first44= O. |last45=Orlando |first45=L. |last46=Kowalczyk |first46= R. |last47=Shapiro |first47= B. |last48=Cooper |first48=A. |title=Early cave art and ancient DNA record the origin of European bison |journal=Nature Communications |url=http://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms13158 |volume=7 |issue=13158 |date=18 October 2016 |doi=10.1038/ncomms13158 |access-date=2016-11-26 |pmid=27754477 |pmc=5071849}}</ref>

|spouse=[[Caroline o Brunswick]]
|issue           =[[Princess Charlotte o Wales]]
|full name       =George Augustus Frederick
|house           =[[Hoose o Hanover]]
|father          =[[George III o the Unitit Kinrick|George III]]
|mother          =[[Charlotte o Mecklenburg-Strelitz]]
|birth_date      ={{Birth date|1762|8|12|df=y}}
|birth_place     =[[St James's Palace]], [[Lunnon]]
|death_date      ={{Death date and age|1830|06|26|1762|08|12|df=yes}}
|death_place     =[[Windsor Castle]], [[Berkshire]]
|date of burial  =15 Julie 1830
|place of burial =[[St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle]]
|religion        =[[Kirk o Ingland|Anglican]]
|signature       =George IV Signature.svg
}}
'''George IV''' (George Augustus Frederick; 12 August 1762 – 26 Juin 1830) wis [[Leet o Breetish monarchs|Keeng]] o the [[Unitit Kinrick o Great Breetain an Ireland]] an o [[Kinrick o Hanover|Hanover]] follaein the daith o his faither, [[George III o the Unitit Kinrick|George III]], on 29 Januar 1820, till his ain daith ten year later. Frae 1811 till his accession, he sert as [[Prince regent#Prince regent in the Unitit Kinrick|Prince Regent]] in his faither's feenal mental illness.

{{fixscots|date=Februar 2021}}

483 BCE
|term_end = {{circa}} 475 BCE
|monarch = [[Xerxes I]]<ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1454354?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents| title=The Religious Policy of Xerxes and the "Book of Esther" | publisher=The Jewish Quarterly Review | author=Robert J. Littman | date=January 1975}}</ref>
|birth_date = c. 520 BCE
|birth_place = Achaemenid Empire
|death_date = c. 475 BCE (aged 44–45)
|death_place = Achaemenid Empire
|spouse = [[Zeresh]]
|children = Parshandatha<br>Dalphon<br>Aspatha<br>Poratha<br>Adalia<br>Aridatha<br>Parmashta<br>Arisai<br>Aridai<br>Vaizatha
|parents = [[Leet o Biblical names stairtin wi H|Hammedatha]] (faither)<br>Amathlai (mither)
}}
'''Haman''' (an aw known as '''Haman the [[Agagite]]''' המן האגגי, or '''Haman the iil''' המן הרשע) is the main antagonist in the [[Beuk o Esther]], that, accordin tae the [[Ebreu Bible]], wis a [[vizier]] in the [[Achaemenid Empire|Persie empire]] unner King [[Ahasuerus#Beuk o Esther|Ahasuerus]], tradeetionally identifee'd as [[Xerxes I]].<ref name="Hosch">Jacob Hoschander, ''The Book of Esther in the Light of History'', Oxford University Press, 1923</ref>

{{Taxobox
| name = Soapberry family
| image = Lychee.jpg
| image_caption = ''[[Lychee|Litchi chinensis]]'' leafs an fruit
|regnum = [[Plantae]]
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Rosids]]
|ordo = [[Sapindales]]
|familia = '''Sapindaceae'''
|familia_authority = [[Antoine Laurent de Jussieu|Juss.]]
| diversity_link = Leet o Sapindaceae genera
| diversity = 1,900+ species in ca. 140 genera
|subdivision_ranks = [[Faimily (biology)|Subfaimilies]]
|subdivision = [[Dodonaeoideae]]<br>
[[Hippocastanoideae]]<br>
[[Sapindoideae]]<br>
[[Xanthoceras|Xanthoceroideae]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/family.pl?999 |title=Sapindaceae  Juss., nom. cons. |work=[[Germplasm Resources Information Network]] |publisher=[[United States Department of Agriculture]] |date=2003-01-17 |accessdate=2009-04-11 |archive-date=2013-07-16 |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6I9HPEmeS?url=http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/family.pl?999 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| range_map = Sapindaceae Distribution.svg
| range_map_caption = The range o Sapindaceae.
}}

{{Punctuation marks|@}}
The '''at-sign''', ''@'', normally read alood as "at", an aa commonly cried the '''at seembol''' or '''commercial at''', an less commonly a wide range o ither terms (sic as the strudel<ref name=FOLDOC-strudel>{{cite web |publisher= FOLDOC |url= http://foldoc.org/strudel |title=strudel |accessdate= 2014-11-21 }}</ref>), is oreeginally an [[accoontin]] an commercial [[invyce]] abbreviation meanin "at a rate o" (e.g. 7 [[Widget (economics)|widgets]] @ [[Poond sign|£]]2 = £14). 
It wis nae includit on the keybuird o the earliest commercially successfu typewriters, but wis on at least ane 1889 model<ref name=shady>[http://www.shadycharacters.co.uk/2011/08/the-symbol-part-2-of-2/ "The @-symbol, part 2 of 2"], ''[http://www.shadycharacters.co.uk/ Shady Characters &#x2302; The secret life of punctuation]''</ref> an the very successfu [[Underwood Typewriter Company|Underwood]] models frae the "Underwood No. 5" in 1900 onward. It is nou universally includit on [[computer keybuird]]s. The merk is encodit at {{unichar|0040|Commercial AT|nlink=At sign|html=}}.

{{Fixscots}}

{{fixscots|date=Julie 2021}}

{{fixscots|date=October 2020}}

instead -->
| type                    = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment]]
| image_skyline           = Guéret - Préfecture de la Creuse.jpg
| image_alt               = 
| image_caption           = [[Prefecturs in Fraunce|Prefectur]] biggin o the Creuse depairtment, in Guéret
| image_flag              = Drapeau fr département Creuse.svg
| flag_alt                = 
|logo       = Logo 23 Creuse 2010.png
| image_shield            = Blason Bourbon-La Marche.svg
| shield_alt              = 
| nickname                = 
| motto                   = 
| image_map               = Creuse-Position.svg
| map_alt                 = 
| map_caption             = Location o Creuse in Fraunce
| pushpin_map             = 
| pushpin_label_position  = 
| pushpin_map_alt         = 
| pushpin_map_caption     = 
| coordinates             = {{coord|46|35|N|2|3|E|region:FR_type:adm2nd_scale:2000000|display=inline,title}}
| coor_pinpoint           = 
| coordinates_footnotes   = 
| subdivision_type        = Kintra
| subdivision_name        = Fraunce
| subdivision_type1       = [[Regions o France|Region]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[Limousin (région)|Limousin]]
| established_title       = 
| established_date        = 
| founder                 = 
| seat_type               = [[Prefecturs in Fraunce|Prefectur]]
| seat                    = [[Guéret]]
| parts_type              = [[Subprefecturs in Fraunce|Subprefecturs]]
| parts_style             = para
| p1                      = [[Aubusson, Creuse|Aubusson]]
| government_footnotes    = 
| leader_party            = [[Parti socialiste (Fraunce)|PS]]
| leader_title            = [[Preses o the general cooncil|Preses o the General Cooncil]]
| leader_name             = [[Jean-Jacques Lozach]]
| unit_pref               = Metric<!-- or US or UK -->
| area_magnitude          = 
| area_footnotes          = {{ref|area|1}}
| area_total_km2          = 5565
| area_note               = 
| elevation_footnotes     = 
| elevation_m             = 
| elevation_min_m         = 
| elevation_max_m         = 
| population_footnotes    = 
| population_total        = 123861
| population_as_of        = 2007
| population_rank         = [[Leet o French depairtments bi population|99t]]
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_demonym      = 
| population_note         = 
| blank_name_sec1         = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment nummer]]
| blank_info_sec1         = 23
| blank_name_sec2         = [[Arrondissements o Fraunce|Arrondissements]]
| blank_info_sec2         = [[arrondissements o the Creuse depairtment|2]]
| blank1_name_sec2        = [[Cantons in Fraunce|Cantons]]
| blank1_info_sec2        = [[cantons o the Creuse depairtment|15]]
| blank2_name_sec2        = [[Communes in Fraunce|Communes]]
| blank2_info_sec2        = [[communes o the Creuse depairtment|260]]
| timezone1               = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset1             = +1
| timezone1_DST           = [[Central European Simmer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset1_DST         = +2
| postal_code_type        = 
| postal_code             = 
| area_code_type          = 
| area_code               = 
| iso_code                = 
| website                 = 
| footnotes               = {{note|area|1}} French Land Register data, which exclude [[estuary|estuaries]], an lochs, ponds, an glaciers lairger nor 1&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>
}}
'''Creuse''' ({{IPA-fr|kʁøz}}; {{lang-oc|Cruesa}}) is a [[depairtments o Fraunce|depairtment]] in central Fraunce named efter the [[Creuse River]].

instead -->
| type                    = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment]]
| image_skyline           = Vannes - préfecture (1).JPG
| image_alt               = 
| image_caption           = [[Prefecturs in Fraunce|Prefectur]] biggin o the Morbihan depairtment, in Vannes
| image_flag              = 
| flag_alt                = 
| image_shield            = Blason département fr Morbihan.svg
| shield_alt              = 
| nickname                = 
| motto                   = 
| image_map               = Morbihan-Position.svg
| map_alt                 = 
| map_caption             = Location o Morbihan in Fraunce
| pushpin_map             = 
| pushpin_label_position  = 
| pushpin_map_alt         = 
| pushpin_map_caption     = 
| coordinates             = {{coord|47|50|N|02|50|W|region:FR_type:adm2nd_scale:2000000_source:frwiki|display=inline,title}}
| coor_pinpoint           = 
| coordinates_footnotes   = 
| subdivision_type        = [[Leet o sovereign states|Kintra]]
| subdivision_name        = [[Fraunce]]
| subdivision_type1       = [[Regions o Fraunce|Region]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[Brittany (admeenistrative region)|Brittany]]
| established_title       = 
| established_date        = 
| founder                 = 
| seat_type               = [[Prefecturs in Fraunce|Prefectur]]
| seat                    = [[Vannes]]
| parts_type              = [[Subprefecturs in Fraunce|Subprefecturs]]
| parts_style             = para
| p1                      = [[Lorient]]<br>[[Pontivy]]
| government_footnotes    = 
| leader_party            = 
| leader_title            = [[Preses o the general cooncil|Preses o the General Cooncil]]
| leader_name             = [[François Goulard]]
| unit_pref               = Metric<!-- or US or UK -->
| area_magnitude          = 
| area_footnotes          = {{ref|area|1}}
| area_total_km2          = 6823
| area_note               = 
| elevation_footnotes     = 
| elevation_m             = 
| elevation_min_m         = 
| elevation_max_m         = 
| population_footnotes    = 
| population_total        = 702487
| population_as_of        = 2007
| population_rank         = [[Leet o French depairtments bi population|32nt]]
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_demonym      = 
| population_note         = 
| blank_name_sec1         = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment nummer]]
| blank_info_sec1         = 56
| blank_name_sec2         = [[Arrondissements o Fraunce|Arrondissements]]
| blank_info_sec2         = [[arrondissements o the Morbihan depairtment|3]]
| blank1_name_sec2        = [[Cantons in Fraunce|Cantons]]
| blank1_info_sec2        = [[cantons o the Morbihan depairtment|21]]
| blank2_name_sec2        = [[Communes in Fraunce|Communes]]
| blank2_info_sec2        = [[communes o the Morbihan depairtment|261]]
| timezone1               = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset1             = +1
| timezone1_DST           = [[Central European Simmer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset1_DST         = +2
| postal_code_type        = 
| postal_code             = 
| area_code_type          = 
| area_code               = 
| iso_code                = 
| website                 = 
| footnotes               = {{note|area|1}} French Land Register data, which exclude [[estuary|estuaries]], an lochs, ponds, an glaciers lairger nor 1 km<sup>2</sup>
}}
'''Morbihan''' ({{IPA-fr|mɔʁbi.ɑ̃}}; {{lang-br|Mor-Bihan}}, {{IPA-br|morˈbiˑãn}}) is a [[depairtments o Fraunce|depairtment]] in [[Brittany (admeenistrative region)|Brittany]], situated in the northwast o Fraunce.

feeds on smaa invertebrates that itherwise hae potential tae harm the [[sea anemone]], an the fecal matter frae the clownfish provides nutrients tae the sea anemone.  The clounfish is addeetionally pertectit frae predators bi the anemone's stingin cells, tae which the clownfish is immune.  An aa, the clownfish emits a heich pitched soond that deters butterfly fish, which wad otherwise eat the anemone.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Miller|first1=Allie|title=Intricate Relationship Allows the Other to Flourish: the Sea Anemone and the Clownfish|url=http://www.asknature.org/strategy/fb410d8500af30a5daf5b647954b7fa5|website=AskNature|publisher=The Biomimicry Institute|accessdate=15 February 2015}}</ref>]]
'''Symbiosis''' (frae [[Auncient Greek|Greek]] σύν "thegither" an βίωσις "[[life|livin]]")<ref>{{LSJ|su/n|σύν}}, {{LSJ|bi/wsis|βίωσις|ref}}</ref> is close an eften lang-term interaction atween twa or mair different biological [[species]].

{{Year dab|1917}}
{{Year nav|1917}}
Year '''1917''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MCMXVII]]''') wis a [[common year stairtin on Monanday]] (airtin will display the full calendar) o the [[Gregorian calendar]] an a [[common year stairtin on Sunday]] o the [[Julian calendar]].

|birth_date       = {{Birth date|1906|10|14|df=yes}}
 |birth_place      = [[Linden-Limmer|Linden]], [[Province of Hanover|Prussian Hanover]], [[German Empire]]<br/>(present-day [[Hanover]], [[Germany]])
 |death_date       = {{Death date and age|1975|12|4|1906|10|14|df=yes}}
 |death_place      = [[New York Ceety]], [[Unitit States]]
 |nationality      = {{Plainlist}}
* [[Germany|German]] (till 1937)
* [[Statelessness|Stateless]]
* Unitit States (frae 1951)
 |region           = Wastren philosophy
 |era              = [[20t-century philosophy]]
 |school_tradition = {{Plainlist}}
* [[Continental philosophy]]
* [[Exeestential phenomenology]]<ref>Wayne Allen, [http://psc.sagepub.com/content/9/2/170.abstract "Hannah Arendt: Existential Phenomenology and Political Freedom"], ''Philosophy & Social Criticism'', July 1982, '''9'''(2), pp. 170–190.</ref>
* [[Philosophy o life]]<ref>Patricia Bowen-Moore, ''Hannah Arendt’s Philosophy of Natality'', Springer, 1989, p. 119; [[Julia Kristeva]], ''Hannah Arendt: Life is a Narrative'', University of Toronto Press, 2001, p. 48.</ref>
* [[Republicanism]]
{{Endplainlist}}
 |alma_mater       = {{Plainlist}}
* [[Varsity o Marburg]]
* [[Varsity o Heidelberg]]<br/>(PhD, 1929)
{{Endplainlist}}
 |main_interests   = [[Poleetical theory]], [[modrenity]], [[philosophy o history]]
 |notable_ideas    = {{Plainlist}}
* ''{{lang|la|[[Homo faber]], animal laborans}}''
* the labour–wirk distinction
* [[the banality o evil]]
* distinction atween ''{{lang|la|[[The Human Condeetion (beuk)|vita activa]]}}'' an ''{{lang|la|vita contemplativa}}''; ''[[praxis (process)|praxis]]'' as the heichest level o the ''{{lang|la|vita activa}}''<ref name="women-philosophers.com">Fry, Karin, [http://www.women-philosophers.com/Arendt.html "Arendt, Hannah"] in Women-philosophers.com.</ref>
* ''{{lang|la|[[auctoritas#Hannah Arendt|auctoritas]]}}'', natality<ref>[http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/arendt/#AreTheAct "Arendt" entry in the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Section 4]</ref>
 |influences       = [[Socrates]], {{lang|fr|[[Bernard Lazare]]}}, [[Augustine o Hippo|Saint Augustine]], {{lang|de|[[Immanuel Kant|Kant]]}}, {{lang|de|[[Martin Heidegger|Heidegger]]}}, {{lang|de|[[Karl Jaspers|Jaspers]]}}, {{lang|de|[[Walter Benjamin|Benjamin]]}}
 |influenced       = {{lang|it|[[Giorgio Agamben]]}}, {{lang|tr|[[Seyla Benhabib]]}}, {{lang|it|[[Giannina Braschi]]}}, [[Elisabeth Young-Bruehl]], {{lang|hr|[[Mario Kopić]]}}, {{lang|bg-Latn|[[Julia Kristeva]]}}, {{lang|it|[[Adriana Cavarero]]}}
 |website          = {{URL|http://www.hannaharendtcenter.org/}}
}}
'''Johanna''' "'''Hannah'''" '''Arendt'''<ref>{{cite web|author=Kelsey Wood (Pulaski Technical College)|url=http://www.litencyc.com/php/speople.php?rec=true&UID=143 |title=Hannah Arendt bio at Literary Encyclopedia|publisher=Litencyc.com|accessdate=24 September 2012}}</ref> ({{IPA-de|ˈaːʀənt|lang}};<ref>[http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/arendt "Arendt"]. ''[[Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary]]''.</ref> 14 October 1906 – 4 December 1975) wis a [[Germany|German]]-born [[Jewish]] [[Americans|American]] [[poleetical theory|poleetical theorist]]. Tho aft descrieved as a philsopher, she rejectit that label on the grunds that philosophy is concerned wi "man in the singular" an insteid descrieved hersel as a poleetical theorist acause her wark centres on the fact that "men, nae Man, live on the yird an inhabit the warld."<ref>Arendt, Hannah. ''The Human Condition''. 2nd ed. Chicago: University of Chicago, 1998.<!-- isbn needed --></ref>

{{Speciesbox
| name               = Chives<br>''Allium schoenoprasum''
| taxon              = Allium schoenoprasum
| image              = Illustration Allium schoenoprasum and Allium cepa0 clean.jpg
| authority          = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]
}}

{{fixscots|date=Dizember 2020}}

, [[Chico Marx|Chico]], an [[Harpo Marx]], o the [[Marx Brithers]], in 1948]]
A '''brither''' is a [[male]] [[siblin]]. Awtho the term teepically refers to the consanguineal relationship, it is whiles uised endearinly tae refer tae non-consanguineal relationships.<ref>Mufwene, Salikoko S. "For example Beau is brother to Serge as they have the same mother and father." ''The pragmatics of kinship terms in Kituba.'' (1988): 441-454.</ref>

|birth_name = Herbert Marshall McLuhan
|birth_date = {{birth date|1911|7|21|mf=y}}
|birth_place = [[Edmonton]], [[Alberta]], Canadae
|death_date = {{Death date and age|1980|12|31|1911|7|21|mf=y}}
|death_place = [[Toronto]], [[Ontario]], Canadae
|school_tradition = [[Media theory]], [[Toronto School of communication theory]]
|main_interests = [[Media (communication)|Media]], [[mass media]], [[sensorium]], [[New Creeticism]]
|notable_ideas = "[[The medium is the message]]", [[global veelage (term)|global veelage]], [[Feegur an grund (media)|feegur an grund media]], [[tetrad o media effects]], "het" an "cuil" media
|influences = [[Harold Innis]], [[Eric A. Havelock]], [[Thomas Nashe]], [[G. K. Chesterton]], [[I. A. Richards]], [[F. R. Leavis]], [[Wyndham Lewis]], [[James Joyce]], [[Marcel Duchamp]]
|influenced = [[Walter J. Ong]], [[Neil Postman]], [[Timothy Leary]], [[Terence McKenna]], ''[[Wired (magazine)|Wired]]'', [[William Irwin Thompson]], [[Paul Levinson]], [[Douglas Rushkoff]], [[Douglas Coupland]], [[Jean Baudrillard]], [[Abbie Hoffman]], [[Ann Nocenti]]
|signature =
}}
'''Herbert Marshall McLuhan''', {{Post-nominals|country=CAN|CC}} (Julie 21, 1911&nbsp;– December 31, 1980) wis a Canadian professor, philosopher, an [[public intellectual]]. His wark is viewed as ane o the cornerstones o the study o [[media studies|media theory]], as well as haein practical applications in the advertisin an telly industries.<ref name="time101367">{{cite news|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,837382,00.html|title=Programming: Getting the Message|date=October 13, 1967|work=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|accessdate=3 March 2011|archive-date=2013-08-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130821062605/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,837382,00.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="time052570">{{cite news|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,909291,00.html#ixzz0zAieWZWT|title=Television: Dann v. Klein: The Best Game in Town|date=May 25, 1970|work=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|accessdate=3 March 2011|archive-date=2013-08-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130822174831/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,909291,00.html#ixzz0zAieWZWT|url-status=dead}}</ref>

{{fixscots}}
'''King Zhou''' ({{zh|t=紂王|p=Zhòu Wáng}}) wis the pejorative [[posthumous name]] gien tae '''Di Xin''' ({{zh|c=帝辛|p=Dì Xīn}}), the last king o the [[Shang dynasty]] o auncient Cheenae.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Wu|first=Kuo-Cheng|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/7197395|title=The Chinese heritage|date=1982|isbn=0-517-54475-X|edition=First edition|location=New York|pages=220|oclc=7197395}}</ref> H

'''Scots Plants'''

<imagemap>File:2000s decade montage3.png|Frae left, clockwise: The [[Warld Trade Center (1973-2001)|Warld Trade Center]] an the [[Statue o Liberty]] during the [[9/11 attacks]]; the [[euro]] enters intae European siller in 2002; a statue o [[Saddam Hussein]] bein toppled during the [[Iraq War]]; U.S. truips heidin toward an airmy helicopter during the [[War on Terror]]; [[social media]] throu the Internet spreads athort the warld; a Cheenese soldier gazes at the [[2008 Simmer Olympics]] commencin; an [[Financial crisis of 2007–2010|economic crisis]], the lairgest since the [[Great Depression]], hits the warld in 2008; [[2004 Indian Ocean yirdquauk an tsunami|a tsunami frae the Indian Ocean]] follaein a yirdquauk kills ower 250,000 on [[Boxin Day]], 2004.|420px|thumb
rect 1 1 234 178 [[September 11 attacks]]
rect 236 1 371 178 [[Euro]]
rect 374 1 495 181 [[Iraq War]]
rect 244 181 495 326 [[War on Terror]]
rect 327 330 494 486 [[Social media]]
rect 165 330 324 487 [[2008 Simmer Olympics]]
rect 1 331 163 487 [[Financial crisis o 2007–08]]
rect 3 181 241 327 [[2004 Indian Ocean yirdquauk an tsunami]]
desc bottom-left
</imagemap>
{{Decadebox|200}}
The '''2000s''' (pronoonced "twa-thoosands") wis a [[decade]] o the [[Gregorian calendar]] that began on Januar 1, 2000, an endit on December 31, 2009.

| birth_place = [[Kovno]], [[Roushie Empire]]
| death_date = {{death date and age|1940|5|14|1869|6|7}}
| death_place = [[Toronto]], Ontario, Canadae
| school_tradition = {{hlist |[[Anarchism]] |[[Anarcha-feminism]]  |[[Anarcho-communism]]}}
| influences = {{hlist |[[Friedrich Nietzsche]] |[[Johann Most]] |[[Henry David Thoreau]] |[[Ralph Waldo Emerson]] |[[Peter Kropotkin]] |[[Mikhail Bakunin]] |[[Mary Wollstonecraft]]|[[Nikolay Chernyshevsky]] |[[Oscar Wilde]] |[[Max Stirner]]}}
| influenced = {{hlist |[[Roger Nash Baldwin]] |[[Ba Jin]] |[[Noe Ito]]<ref>{{cite book|last=Diggs|first=Nancy Brown|title=Steel Butterflies: Japanese Women and the American Experience|url=https://archive.org/details/steelbutterflies0000digg|year=1998|publisher=State Univ. of New York Press|location=Albany|isbn=0791436233|page=[https://archive.org/details/steelbutterflies0000digg/page/99 99]|quote=Like other radicals of the time, Noe Itō was most influenced by none other than Emma Goldman.}}</ref> |[[Margaret Sanger]]}}
}}
'''Emma Goldman''' ({{OldStyleDateNY|Juin 27|Juin 15}}, 1869{{spaced ndash}}Mey 14, 1940) wis an [[anarchism|anarchist]] kent for her poleetical activism, writin, an speeches. She played a pivotal role in the development o [[anarchist poleetical filosofie]] in North Americae an Europe in the first hauf o the 20t century.

</ref><ref name="JSUOF">{{cite web|url=http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/mv031|title=Broccoli—Brassica oleracea L. (Italica group)|last=Stephens|first=James|publisher=University of Florida|page=1|accessdate=14 May 2009}}</ref>}}'''Broccoli''' is a fuid [[plant]], ''[[Brassica oleracea]]'', etten as a vegatable. A [[vegetable]]-like [[cabbitch]], the broccoli haes lairge [[green]] [[flouer]] heids an a shank an aw. The wird ''broccoli'' comes frae the [[Italian leid|Italian]] plural o ''{{lang|it|broccolo}}'', that means "the flouerin tap o a cabbitch", and is the diminutive form o ''{{lang|it|brocco}}'', meanin "wee nail" or "sproot".<ref>{{cite dictionary|title=broccoli|encyclopedia=Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary|edition=11th|page=[https://archive.org/details/merriamwebstersc00merr_6/page/156 156]|isbn=978-0-87779-809-5|url=https://archive.org/details/merriamwebstersc00merr_6/page/156|accessdate=9 April 2014|url-access=registration|year=2004}}</ref>

{{fixscots|date=Dizember 2020}}

{{fixscots}}
{{italic title}}
{{taxobox
|name = Lavender
|image = Single lavender flower02.jpg
|image_caption = Lavender flouers wi [[bracts]]
|regnum = [[Plant]]ae
|unranked_divisio = [[Flowering plant|Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Asterids]]
|ordo = [[Lamiales]]
|familia = [[Lamiaceae]]
|subfamilia = [[Nepetoideae]]
|tribus = [[Lavanduleae]]
|genus = '''''Lavandula'''''
|synonyms_ref=<ref>{{cite web|url=http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/synonomy.do?name_id=108966|title=World Checklist of Selected Plant Families: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew|work=kew.org}}</ref>
|synonyms=*''Stoechas'' <small>Mill.</small>
*''Fabricia'' <small>Adans.</small>
*''Styphonia'' <small>Medik.</small>
*''Chaetostachys'' <small>Benth.</small> 
*''Sabaudia'' <small>Buscal. & Muschl.</small>
*''Isinia'' <small>Rech.f.</small>
|type_species = ''[[Lavandula angustifolia|Lavandula spica]]''
|type_species_authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]
|}}
'''''Lavandula''''' (common name '''lavender''') is a [[genus]] o 47 kent species o [[flouerin plant]]s in the mint [[Faimily (biology)|faimily]], [[Lamiaceae]]. It is [[native plant|native]] tae the [[Auld Warld]] an is foond frae [[Cape Verde]] an the [[Canary Islands]], Europe across tae northren an eastren Africae, the Mediterranean, soothwast Asie tae sootheast Indie. Mony members o the genus are cultivatit extensively in [[temperate climate]]s as [[ornamental plant]]s for gairden an laundscape uise, for uise as [[culinar yerb]]s, an an aa commercially for the extraction o [[essential ile]]s. The maist widely cultivatit species, ''[[Lavandula angustifolia]]'', is eften referred tae as lavender, an thare is a [[lavender (colour)|colour]] named for the shade o the flouers o this species.

'''Modrenism''' is an art movement from the 21st century that expands on the interest in Modernism while honoring traditions and artwork from the Renaissance. Rightfully named for the involvement of new ideas while keeping a traditional foundation. Modrenism was first named to distinguished abstract and contemporary art from thoroughly  researched paintings by Dylan Lombardo. This endeavor of rediscovering lost techniques of the old masters was reborn with a modern touch of spontaneity and pre-planned coloration. 

{{fixscots|date=October 2020}}

On Wikipedia, the noun '''Babel''' (in reference tae the [[Touer o Babel]]) refers tae the '''uiser leid templates''' helpin multilingual communication by makin it aesier tae contact a bodie that spiks anither leid. The idea stairted oot on the [[commons:Commons:Babel|Wikimedia Commons]] an haes been pit in place on [[meta:Meta:Babel templates|Meta-Wiki]] an a puckle ither Wikipedias, tae some degree or ither. Tae parteecipate, ye can eik the Babel template tae yer uiser page by follaein the instructions ablo:

<br />''{{transl|ar|DIN|al-Qāhira}}''
| settlement_type         = Ceety
|image_skyline            = Cairo Montage.png
|image_caption            = Top left: [[Cairo Ceety Centre]]; top richt: [[Ibn Tulun Mosque]]; Middle: [[Cairo Citadel]]; Bottom left: [[Nile]] [[Felucca]]; Bottom middle: [[Cairo Touer]]; Bottom richt: [[Muizz Street]]
| image_flag              = Flag_of_Cairo.svg|thumb|
| image_shield            = |thumb|
| nickname                = The Ceety o a Thoosan Minarets, Caipital o the Arab Warld
| pushpin_map             = Egypt
| pushpin_mapsize         = 300
| map_caption             = [[Egyp]]: Steid o Cairo (top center)
| subdivision_type        = Kintra
| subdivision_name        = {{Flag|Egyp}}
| subdivision_type1       = [[Govrenorates o Egyp|Govrenorate]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[Cairo Govrenorate|Cairo]]
| leader_title            = Govrenor
| leader_name             = Abdel Qawi Khalifa
| area_magnitude          =
| area_total_km2          = 453
| area_urban_km2          = 6,640
| area_metro_km2          = 86,369
| area_land_km2           =
| area_water_km2          =
| population_as_of        = 2006
| population_note         =
| population_total        = 11.6 million
| population_urban        = 17,290,000
| population_metro        = 19,439,541
| population_density_km2  = 17190
| timezone                = [[Eastren European Time|EET]]
| utc_offset              = +2
| timezone_DST            =
| utc_offset_DST          =
| coordinates             = {{coord|30|3|29|N|31|13|44|E|region:EG|display=inline,title}}
| elevation_m             = 23
| elevation_ft            =
| postal_code_type        =
| postal_code             =
| area_code               = 2
| website                 = [http://www.cairo.gov.eg/default.aspx www.cairo.gov.eg]
| footnotes               =
| population_blank1_title = [[Demonym]]
| population_blank1 = Cairene
}}

{{fixscots|date=October 2020}}

{{Italic title}}
{{taxobox
|image = File:Glechoma hederacea, Hondsdraf (1).jpg
|regnum = [[Plantae]]
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Asterids]]
|ordo = [[Lamiales]]
|familia = [[Lamiaceae]]
|genus = ''[[Glechoma]]''
|species = '''''G. hederacea'''''
|binomial = ''Glechoma hederacea''
|binomial_authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]
}}
'''''Glechoma hederacea''''' ([[synonymy|syn.]] ''Nepeta glechoma'' [[Benth.]], ''Nepeta hederacea'' ([[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]) [[Trevir.]]), kent as '''grund eevy''', is an [[Aroma compoond|aromatic]], [[Perennial plant|perennial]], [[evergreen]] [[Parthenocissus|creeper]] o the mint faimily [[Lamiaceae]].

{{fixscots|date=Januar 2021}}

'''Gallium''' is a [[chemical element]] wi seembol&nbsp;'''Ga''' an [[atomic nummer]]&nbsp;31. Elemental gallium disnae occur in free furm in naitur, but as the gallium(III) compoonds that is in trace amoonts in [[zinc]] ores an in  [[bauxite]]. Gallium is a saft sillery metal, an elemental gallium is a brickle solit at law temperaturs. Gif it is held in the human haund lang eneuch, gallium will melt, syne it melts at the temperatur o aboot {{convert|29.76|°C|°F}} (slichtly abuin [[ruim temperatur]]). The  meltin pynt o gallium is uised as a temperatur reference pynt. The alloy [[galinstan]] (68.5% gallium, 21.5% [[indium]], an 10% [[tin]]) haes the even lawer meltin pynt o {{convert|-19|°C|°F}}, weel ablo the freezin pynt o watter. Beginnin wi its discovery in 1875 throu the era o [[semiconductor]]s, gallium wis uised primarily as an agent tae mak [[alloy]]s that melt at law temperaturs. Then, gallium became uiseful in semiconductors, includin as a [[dopant]].

'''New Talent Singing Awards''' ([[Tradeetional Cheenese Character|Tradeetional Cheenese]]: 新秀歌唱大賽) or ''NTSA'' for short, later re-organisit intae '''New Talent Singing Awards International Finals''' ([[Tradeetional Cheenese Character|Tradeetional Cheenese]]: 全球華人新秀歌唱大賽) or ''NTSA International Finals'' for short), an maist currently renamit '''TVB8 International Chinese New Talent Singing Championship''' ([[Tradeetional Cheenese Character|Tradeetional Cheenese]]: TVB8全球華人新秀歌唱大賽) is an annual singin competition organisit bi [[TVB]] that searches oot new sangsters tae enter the Asie muisic industrie.

[[Image:PIA02405.jpg|390px|right]]

'''Hydro-power''' or '''watter pouer''' is [[pouer (pheesics)|pouer]] derived frae the [[energy]] o fallin watter an runnin watter, which mey be harnessed for uisefu purposes. its preety braw 

{{Automatic Taxobox
| name = Salamandridae<br>True salamanders an esks
| fossil_range = {{fossilrange|89|0}} [[Cretaceous]]–recent<ref>{{cite web|title=Family Salamandridae Gray 1825 (newt)|website=fossilworks.org|url=http://fossilworks.org/bridge.pl?a=taxonInfo&taxon_no=37393|access-date=2019-07-17|archive-date=2019-09-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190901215817/http://fossilworks.org/bridge.pl?a=taxonInfo&taxon_no=37393|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| image =Notophthalmus viridescensPCCA20040816-3983A.jpg
| image_caption =''[[Notophthalmus viridescens]]'' frae North Americae
| image_width = 250px
| taxon = Salamandridae
| authority = [[Georg August Goldfuss|Goldfuss]], 1820
| subdivision_ranks = [[Genus|Genera]]
| subdivision = 
&nbsp;&nbsp;''[[Calotriton]]'' <br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;''[[Chioglossa]]'' <br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;''[[Cynops]]'' <br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;''[[Echinotriton]]'' <br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;''[[Euproctus]]'' <br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;''[[Ichthyosaura]]'' <br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;''[[Lissotriton]]'' <br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;''[[Lyciasalamandra]]'' <br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;''[[Mertensiella]]'' <br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;''[[Neurergus]]'' <br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;''[[Notophthalmus]]'' <br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;''[[Ommatotriton]]'' <br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;''[[Pachytriton]]'' <br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;''[[Paramesotriton]]'' <br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;''[[Pleurodeles]]'' <br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;''[[Salamandra]]'' <br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;''[[Salamandrina]]'' <br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;''[[Taricha]]'' <br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;''[[Triturus]]'' <br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;''[[Tylototriton]]''
}}
'''Salamandridae''' is a [[Faimily (biology)|faimily]] o [[salamander]]s conseestin o '''true salamanders''' an '''[[esk]]s'''. Currently, 74 [[species]] (wi mair expectit) hae been identifee'd in the Northren Hemisphere - [[Europe]], [[Asie]], the northren tip o [[Africae]], an [[North Americae]].

{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2020}}

|subdivision_type1      = [[Provinces an territories o Canadae|Province]]
|subdivision_name1      = {{Flag|Quebec}} 
<!-- government type, leaders -->
<!-- area ---------------------->
|area_footnotes           = <ref name="SC2011">{{SCref |unit=er |2475}}</ref>
|area_total_km2           = 98,710.11
<!-- elevation ----------------->
<!-- population ---------------->
|population_footnotes           = <ref name="SC2011"/>
|population_total               = 274880
|population_as_of               = [[Canada 2011 Census|2011]]
|population_density_km2         = auto
<!-- time zone(s) -------------->
|timezone               = [[Eastren Time Zone|EST]]
|utc_offset             = −5
|timezone_DST           = [[Eastren Daylicht Time|EDT]]
|utc_offset_DST         = −4
<!-- postal codes, area code --->
|website                = [http://www.saguenaylacsaintjean.gouv.qc.ca/ Portail de la Région du Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean]
}}

A '''computer''' is a device that can be [[Computer programmin|instructit]] tae cairy oot arbitrar sequences o [[arithmetic]] or [[Boolean algebra|logical]] operations automatically. The abeelity o computers tae follae generalised sets o operations, cried ''[[Computer program|programs]]'', enables them tae perform an extremely wide range o tasks.

{{Automatic taxobox
|name = Dinosaurs
|fossil_range = {{fossilrange|233.23|0|[[Late Triassic]]–[[Holocene|Present]], 233.23 – 0 Mya| | earliest=247}} (Possible Middle Triassic record)
|image = Various_dinosaurs2.png
|image_width = 285px
|image_caption = A collection o fossil dinosaur skeletons. Clockwise frae tap left: ''Microraptor gui'' (a winged [[theropod]]), ''Apatosaurus louisae'' (a giant [[sauropod]]), ''Stegosaurus stenops'' (a platit [[stegosaur]]), ''Triceratops horridus'' (a horned [[ceratopsian]]), ''Edmontosaurus regalis'' (a duck-billed [[ornithopod]]), ''Gastonia burgei'' (an armored [[ankylosaur]]).
|authority = [[Richard Owen|Owen]], 1842
|subdivision_ranks = Major groups
|subdivision =
* {{extinct}}'''[[Ornithischia]]'''
** {{extinct}}[[Stegosauria]]
** {{extinct}}[[Ankylosauria]]
** {{extinct}}[[Ornithopoda]]
** {{extinct}}[[Ceratopsia]]
* '''[[Saurischia]]'''
** {{extinct}}[[Sauropodomorpha]]
** [[Theropoda]]
}}
'''Dinosaurs''' are a diverse group o reptiles o the [[clade]] '''Dinosauria'''.<!--They first appeared during the Triassic period, between 243 and 233.23 million years ago, although the exact origin and timing of the evolution of dinosaurs is the subject of active research. They became the dominant terrestrial vertebrates after the Triassic–Jurassic extinction event 201.3 million years ago; their dominance continued throughout the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods. The fossil record shows that birds are modern feathered dinosaurs, having evolved from earlier theropods during the Late Jurassic epoch, and are the only dinosaur lineage to survive the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event approximately 66 million years ago. Dinosaurs can therefore be divided into avian dinosaurs, or birds; and the extinct non-avian dinosaurs, which are all dinosaurs other than birds.

| birth_place = [[Örebro]], [[Swaden]]
| nationality = [[Swadish fowk|Swadish]]
| death_date  = {{death date and age|1978|9|26|1886|12|3|df=y}}
| death_place = [[Stockholm]], [[Swaden]]
| field       = [[Physics]]
| workplaces  = [[Varsity o Lund]]<br>[[Varsity o Uppsala]]<br> [[Varsity o Stockholm]]
| alma_mater  = [[Varsity o Lund]]
| known_for   = [[X-ray spectroscopy]]
| prizes      = {{Plainlist|
* [[Nobel Prize for Pheesics]] {{small|(1924)}}
* [[Hughes Medal]] {{small|(1934)}}
* [[Rumford Medal]] {{small|(1940)}}
* [[Fellae o the Ryal Society|ForMemRS]] {{small|(1954)}}<ref name="frs"/>
* [[Duddell Medal an Prize]] <small>(1948)</small>}}
| spouse            = Karin Högbom
| children          = 
{{Plainlist |
* [[Bo Siegbahn|Bo]]
* [[Kai Siegbahn|Kai]]
}}
| footnotes   = He is the faither o Nobel laureate [[Kai Siegbahn]].
}}
'''Karl Manne Georg Siegbahn''' {{post-nominals|post-noms=[[Foreign Member o the Ryal Society|ForMemRS]]}}<ref name="frs">{{Cite journal | last1 = Atterling | first1 = H. | doi = 10.1098/rsbm.1991.0022 | title = Karl Manne Georg Siegbahn. 3 December 1886-24 September 1978 | journal = [[Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society]] | volume = 37 | pages = 428–426 | year = 1991 | pmid =  | pmc = }}</ref> (3 December 1886 – 26 September 1978)<ref>[http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1924/siegbahn-bio.html Biography from the Nobel foundation website]</ref> wis a [[Swaden|Swadish]] [[pheesicist]] wha wis awairdit the [[Nobel Prize in Pheesics]] in 1924 "for his discoveries an resairch in the field o [[X-ray spectroscopy]]".<ref>[http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1924/index.html Nobel prize citation]</ref><ref>{{Cite journal 
| last1 = Shampo | first1 = M. A. 
| last2 = Kyle | first2 = R. A. 
| title = Manne Siegbahn--Nobel Prize for x-ray spectroscopy 
| journal = Mayo Clinic proceedings. Mayo Clinic 
| volume = 73 
| issue = 3 
| pages = 249 
| year = 1998 
| pmid = 9511784
 | doi=10.1016/S0025-6196(11)64468-6
}}</ref><ref>[http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1924/ Siegbahn Biography on Nobel prize website]</ref>

[[Image:ALEKO_M-2141S_(front_view).jpg|thumb|250px|Moskvitch 2141S "Aleko"]]

's ''History o the Keengs o Breetain''.]]
The '''white draigon''' ({{Lang-cy|Y Ddraig Wen}}, {{Lang-ang|Hwīt Draca}}) is a seembol associate in Welsh mythologie wi the [[Anglo-Saxons]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=Northwest Wales|url=http://downloads.bbc.co.uk/wales/archive/bbc-north-west-wales-celts.pdf|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=September 1, 2017|website=|language=en-gb}}</ref>

|map_label_position=left
|image_coa=Coat of Arms of Sochi (Krasnodar krai).svg
|coa_caption=
|image_flag=Flag of Sochi (Krasnodar krai).svg
|flag_caption=
|federal_subject=[[Krasnodar Krai]]
|federal_subject_ref=
|adm_data_as_of=May 2013
|adm_city_jur=[[Ceety o federal subject signeeficance|Ceety]] o Sochi
|adm_city_jur_ref=<ref name="Ref1481">''Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Units of Krasnodar Krai''</ref>
|adm_ctr_of=Ceety o Sochi
|adm_ctr_of_ref=<ref name="Ref1481" />
|inhabloc_cat=Ceety
|inhabloc_cat_ref=<ref name="Ref1481" />
|inhabloc_type=
|inhabloc_type_ref=
|mun_data_as_of=June 2009
|urban_okrug_jur=Sochi Urban Okrug
|urban_okrug_jur_ref=<ref name="Ref753">Law #679-KZ</ref>
|mun_admctr_of=Sochi Urban Okrug
|mun_admctr_of_ref=<ref name="Ref753"/>
|leader_title=Head
|leader_title_ref=<ref name="Head">[http://www.sochiru.ru/ Official website of Sochi] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030420111047/http://www.sochiru.ru/ |date=2003-04-20 }} {{ru icon}}</ref>
|leader_name=[[Anatoly Pakhomov]]
|leader_name_ref=<ref name="Head" />
|representative_body=[[Ceety Assembly o Sochi|Ceety Assembly]]
|representative_body_ref=
|area_of_what=ceety
|area_as_of=January 2008
|area_km2=176.77
|area_km2_ref=<ref name="Area">{{Cite Russian law
|ru_entity=Городское Собрание Сочи
|ru_type=Решение
|ru_number=89
|ru_date=14 июля 2009 г.
|ru_title=Об утверждении генерального плана городского округа города Сочи
|ru_effective_date=со дня опубликования
|ru_published_in=
|ru_published_date=
|ru_url=http://www.gs-sochi.ru/upload/iblock/e47/wxdqimw%20waziohbbow%20kuxyhwww%20ktjo%20jd%2014_07_2009%20N%2089%20%20mn%20kzkq.pdf
|en_entity=City Assembly of Sochi
|en_type=Decision
|en_number=89
|en_date=July&nbsp;14, 2009
|en_title=On the Adoption of the General Plan of the Urban Okrug of the City of Sochi
|en_effective_date=the publication date
}}</ref>
|pop_2010census=343334
|pop_2010census_rank=52nd
|pop_2010census_ref=<ref name="2010Census"/>
|pop_density=
|pop_density_as_of=
|pop_density_ref=
|pop_latest=
|pop_latest_date=
|pop_latest_ref=
|established_date=1838
|established_title=
|established_date_ref=<ref name=mus>Exposition of the Historical Museum of Sochi, partly reflected in Russian in [https://web.archive.org/web/20101011234131/http://www.sochiadm.ru/content/section/35/detail/31/ История Сочи] (History of Sochi) at the official cite of the city</ref><ref name="GSE">[[Great Soviet Encyclopedia]]. [http://bse.sci-lib.com/article104967.html Entry on Sochi] {{ru icon}}</ref>
|current_cat_date=
|current_cat_date_ref=
|prev_name1=Dakhovsky
|prev_name1_date=1896
|prev_name1_ref=<ref name=bse>[http://bse.sci-lib.com/article104967.html Сочи] in the [[Great Soviet Encyclopedia]] {{ru icon}}</ref>
|prev_name2=
|prev_name2_date=
|prev_name2_ref=
|prev_name3=
|prev_name3_date=
|prev_name3_ref=
|postal_codes=354000, 354002–354004, 354008–354010, 354013, 354014, 354018, 354019, 354022, 354024, 354025, 354030, 354031, 354033, 354036, 354037, 354039, 354053–354055, 354057, 354059, 354061, 354065–354068, 354071, 354073, 354084, 354099, 354200, 354202–354214, 354216–354218, 354220, 354226, 354231, 354233, 354299, 354340, 354346, 354348, 354349, 354354, 354355, 354364, 354380, 354382, 354383, 354399, 993501
|postal_codes_ref=
|dialing_codes=8622
|dialing_codes_ref=
|website=http://www.sochiadm.ru/
|website_ref=
|commonscat=Sochi
|date=May 2010
}}
]]

{{taxobox
|image = Koeh-170.jpg
|regnum = [[Plantae]]
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Rosids]]
|ordo = [[Brassicales]]
|familia = [[Brassicaceae]]
|genus = ''[[Brassica]]''
|species = '''''B. nigra'''''
|binomial = ''Brassica nigra''
|binomial_authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]
|}}
'''''Brassica nigra''''' ('''black mustard''') is an [[annual plant|annual]] plant cultivatit for its seeds, which are commonly uised as a [[spice]].

<br />Wallonische Region {{de icon}}
| native_name_lang        = <!-- ISO 639-2 code e.g. "fr" for French. If more than one, use {{lang}} instead -->
| settlement_type         = [[Regions o Belgium|Region o Belgium]]
| image_flag              = Flag of Wallonia.svg
| flag_size               = 125px
| image_shield            = Coat of arms of Wallonia.svg
| shield_size             = 95px
| image_map               = Walloon Region in Belgium and Europe.svg
| mapsize                 = 
| image_map1              = WalloniëProvincies.png
| subdivision_type        = [[Leet o kintras|Kintra]]
| subdivision_name        = Belgium
| established_date        = 1993
| seat_type               = Caipital
| seat                    = [[Namur (ceety)|Namur]]
| leader_title            = Meenister-Preses
| leader_name             = [[Rudy Demotte]]
| area_footnotes          = 
| area_total_km2          = 16844
| population_footnotes    = 
| population_total        = 3456775
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_as_of        = 1 Januar 2008
| demographics_type1      = Demographics
| demographics1_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| demographics1_title1    = Leids
| demographics1_info1     = [[French leid|French]], [[German leid|German]] (an aw [[Dutch leid|Dutch]] in [[Municipalities wi leid facilities]])<ref>[http://brussel.vlaanderen.be/wetgeving.html Law of 1966 about language in Belgium] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110812221156/http://brussel.vlaanderen.be/wetgeving.html |date=2011-08-12 }}</ref>
| timezone1               = 
| utc_offset1             = 
| timezone1_DST           = 
| utc_offset1_DST         = 
| iso_code                = BE-WAL
| anthem                  = "[[Le Chant des Wallons]]"
| blank_name_sec1         = Celebration Day
| blank_info_sec1         = 3rd Sunday o September
| website                 = [http://www.wallonie.be/ www.wallonie.be]
| footnotes               = 
}}
'''Wallonie''' ({{IPA-fr|walɔni}}; {{lang-de|Wallonie(n)}}; {{lang-nl|Wallonië}}, {{IPA-nl|wɐˈloːnɪə||Nl-Wallonië.ogg}} or {{IPA-nl|ʋɑˈloːnijə|}}; {{lang-wa|Waloneye}}) is the predominantly French-speakin soothren region o [[Belgium]]. It is govrened as the '''Walloon Region''', which maks up 55% o the territory o Belgium but wi anerlie a third o its population. Contrary tae the situation in [[Flanders]], the Walloon Region wis no mergit wi the [[French Community of Belgium]], a political level responsible for matters relatit mainly tae cultur an education. The sma German-speakin minority in the east forms the [[German-speakin Community o Belgium]], which haes its awn govrenment an parliament for cultur-relatit issues.

'''Friday''' is the [[day]] o the [[week]] atween [[Fuirsday]] an [[Setturday]]. Its name comes fae the goddess Frige o Germanic mythologie.

{{For|the municipality in the province o Valencia|Vallés, Valencia}}

| birth_place = [[New Taipei]], [[Taiwan]]
| residence = [[Taipei]], Taiwan
| occupation = {{flat list|
* Sangster-sangwriter
* dancer
* actress
}}
| years_active = 1999–present
| module = 
}}

The '''DAF 33''' is a compact saloon caur produced bi the [[DAF Trucks|DAF]] company o [[Eindhoven]], in the Netherlands atween 1967 an 1974. Outwardly an technically it differed little frae its predecessor, the [[DAF Daffodil]].

}}
{{legend|#0077FF|[[tropical monsoon climate|Am]]}}
{{legend|#46A9FA|[[tropical savanna climate|Aw]]}}
| width=5 |
|
{{legend|#FE0000|[[het desert climate|BWh]]}}
{{legend|#FE9695|[[cauld desert climate|BWk]]}}
{{legend|#F5A301|[[het semi-arid climate|BSh]]}}
{{legend|#FFDB63|[[cauld semi-arid climate|BSk]]}}
| width=5 |
|
{{legend|#FFFF00|[[het-simmer Mediterranean climate|Csa]]}}
{{legend|#C6C700|[[wairm-simmer Mediterranean climate|Csb]]}}
| width=5 |
|
{{legend|#96FF96|[[humid subtropical climate|Cwa]]}}
{{legend|#63C764|[[subtropical heichland climate|Cwb]]}}
{{legend|#63C764|[[subtropical heichland climate|Cwc]]}}
| width=5 |
|
{{legend|#C6FF4E|[[humid subtropical climate|Cfa]]}}
{{legend|#66FF33|[[oceanic climate|Cfb]]}}
{{legend|#33C701|[[subpolar oceanic climate|Cfc]]}}
| width=5 |
|
{{legend|#FF00FE|[[continental Mediterranean climate|Dsa]]}}
{{legend|#C600C7|[[continental Mediterranean climate|Dsb]]}}
{{legend|#963295|[[subarctic climate|Dsc]]}}
{{legend|#966495|[[subarctic climate|Dsd]]}}
| width=5 |
|
{{legend|#ABB1FF|[[humid continental climate|Dwa]]}}
{{legend|#5A77DB|[[humid continental climate|Dwb]]}}
{{legend|#4C51B5|[[subarctic climate|Dwc]]}}
{{legend|#320087|[[subarctic climate|Dwd]]}}
| width=5 |
|
{{legend|#00FFFF|[[humid continental climate|Dfa]]}}
{{legend|#38C7FF|[[humid continental climate|Dfb]]}}
{{legend|#007E7D|[[subarctic climate|Dfc]]}}
{{legend|#00455E|[[subarctic climate|Dfd]]}}
| width=5 |
|
{{legend|#B2B2B2|[[tundra climate|ET]]}}
{{legend|#686868|[[ice cap climate|EF]]}}
|}
]]

[[Image:Perodua Rusa (first generation, first facelift) (front), Kajang.jpg|thumb|250px|A late-1990s/early 2000s Perodua Rusa (the oreeginal Rusa van).]]

'''Bristol''' is an [[Ingland|Inglis]] [[ceity]] an [[coonty]] an ane o the twa admeenistrative centres o Sooth Wast [[Ingland]] (the ither bein Plymouth). Frae its earliest days, its sonse haes been linkit tae that o the Port o Bristol, the commercial port that origeenatit in the ceity centre, but that haes nou flittit tae the Bristol Lade coast. Bristol raxes tae this coast an includes Avonmouth, whaur maist o the current port is situate. Kenspeckle airts in an aboot the ceity includes Clifton, [[Filton]] an Patchwey. (Thir last twa airts is ootwi the praisent ceity mairch, in Sooth Gloucestershire.)

|birth_place      = [[Canino]], [[Latium|Lazio]], [[Papal States]]
|death_date       = {{death date and age|1549|11|10|1468|2|29|df=y}}
|death_place      = [[Roum]], [[Papal States]]
|previous_post={{unbulleted list|[[Santi Cosma e Damiano|Cardinal-Deacon o Santi Cosma e Damiano]] (1493-1503)|[[Bishop o Corneto an Montefiascone]] (1499-1509)|[[Sant'Eustachio|Cardinal-Deacon o Sant'Eustachio]] (1503-1519)|Airchpriest o the Airchbasilica o Saunt John Lateran (1508-1534)|[[Roman Catholic Diocese o Parma|Bishop o Parma]] (1509-1534)|[[Protodeacon|Protodeacon o the College o Cardinals]] (1516-1519)|[[Cardinal-Bishop o Frascati]] (1519-1523)|[[Cardinal-Bishop o Palestrina]] (1523)|[[Cardinal-Bishop of Sabina]] (1523-1524)|[[Cardinal-Bishop o Porto]] (1524)|[[Cardinal-Bishop o Ostia]] (1524-1534)|Vice-Dean o the College o Cardinals (1524)}}
|other            = Paul
|children         = [[Pier Luigi Farnese, Duke o Parma|Pier Luigi II Farnese]]<br>Paul Farnese<br>[[Ranuccio Farnese (1509-1529)|Ranuccio Farnese]]<br>[[Constanza Farnese]]<br>Lucrezia Farnese
|partner           = Silvia Ruffini (Mistress)
|coat_of_arms     = Coat of arms of Pope Paul III.svg
}}
'''Pape Paul III''' ({{lang-la|Paulus III}}; 29 Februar 1468&nbsp;– 10 November 1549), born '''Alessandro Farnese''', wis [[Pape]] frae 13 October 1534 tae his daith in 1549. He wis the faither o [[Pier Luigi Farnese, Duke o Parma]].

{{Redirect|Pushkin|the city|Pushkin, Saunt Petersburg}}

'''Wikipedians''' are fowk who write an eedit the pages for [[Wikipaedia]], unlik [[WP:Reader|readers]] wha simply read the airticles.  Onybuddy can be a Wikipaedian—includin ye.  Juist click the eedit airtin at the tap o ony page, or at the beginnin o each section.

<br />{{native name|zh|新加坡共和国|italics=off}}<br />{{native name|ta|சிங்கப்பூர் குடியரசு|italics=off}}<!--end nobold:-->}}}}
| image_flag = Flag of Singapore.svg
| image_coat = Coat of arms of Singapore.svg
| national_motto = <br />{{native phrase|ms|"Majulah Singapura"|italics=off|nolink=on}}<br />{{small|(Scots: "Onwart, Singapore")}}
| national_anthem = ''[[Majulah Singapura]]''<br />{{small|(Scots: "Onwart, Singapore")}}<br /><center></center>
| image_map = Singapore in its region (zoom).svg
| map_caption = {{map caption |location_color=red}}
| capital = '''Singapore''' ([[ceety-state]])
| coordinates = {{Coord|1|17|N|103|50|E|type:city}}
| largest_settlement = [[Bedok]]<ref name=singstat>{{cite web|title=Singapore Residents by Planning Area/Subzone, Age Group and Sex, June 2000 – 2015|url=http://www.singstat.gov.sg/docs/default-source/default-document-library/statistics/browse_by_theme/population/statistical_tables/tablea12-2000-2015.xls|publisher=Statistics Singapore|accessdate=7 January 2016|format=XLS|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160130111952/http://www.singstat.gov.sg/docs/default-source/default-document-library/statistics/browse_by_theme/population/statistical_tables/tablea12-2000-2015.xls|archivedate=30 January 2016|df=dmy-all}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225165833/https://www.singstat.gov.sg/docs/default-source/default-document-library/statistics/browse_by_theme/population/statistical_tables/tablea12-2000-2015.xls%20 |date=2018-12-25 }}</ref><br />{{small|{{coord|1|19|24.97|N|103|55|38.43|E|display=inline}}}}
| largest_settlement_type = [[Plannin Auries o Singapore|PA]]
| official_languages = {{hlist|[[Inglis leid|Inglis]]|[[Malay leid|Malay]] |[[Staundart Cheenese|Mandarin]] |[[Tamil leid|Tamil]]}}
| languages_type = [[Offeecial script]]s
| languages = {{hlist |[[Laitin script|Roman (Laitin)]] |[[Semplifee'd Cheenese chairacters|Semplifee'd Cheenese]] |[[Tamil script|Tamil]]}}
| ethnic_groups = {{ublist|list_style=line-height:1.3em; |class=nowrap | 74.3% [[Cheenese Singaporeans|Cheenese]]<ref name="Singapore Census 2015">Statistics Singapore: [http://www.singstat.gov.sg/publications/publications-and-papers/GHS/ghs2015content 2015 General Household Survey] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180212081901/http://www.singstat.gov.sg/publications/publications-and-papers/GHS/ghs2015content |date=2018-02-12 }}. [http://www.singstat.gov.sg/docs/default-source/default-document-library/publications/publications_and_papers/GHS/ghs2015/excel/t43-48.xls Religion data] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160409100146/http://www.singstat.gov.sg/docs/default-source/default-document-library/publications/publications_and_papers/GHS/ghs2015/excel/t43-48.xls |date=2016-04-09 }}</ref> |13.3% [[Malay Singaporeans|Malay]] |9.1% [[Indie Singaporeans|Indie]] |3.3% Others }}
| ethnic_groups_year = 
| religion = {{ublist|list_style=line-height:1.3em; |class=nowrap | 33.2% [[Buddhism in Singapore|Buddhism]] |18.8% [[Christianity in Singapore|Christianity]] |18.5% No religion |14.0% [[Islam in Singapore|Islam]] |10.0% [[Taoism]] and<br>[[Chinese folk religion|folk religion]] |5.0% [[Hinduism in Singapore|Hinduism]] |0.6% [[Religion in Singapore|Others]] }}
| demonym = [[Singaporean]]
| government_type = [[Unitar state|Unitar]] [[Dominant-pairty system|dominant-pairty]] [[Pairlamentary seestem|pairlamentary]] [[republic]]
| leader_title1 = [[Preses o Singapore|Preses]]
| leader_name1 = [[Tharman Shanmugaratnam]]
| leader_title2 = [[Prime Meenister o Singapore|Prime Meenister]]
| leader_name2 = [[Lee Hsien Loong]]
| leader_title3 = [[Chief Justice o Sooth Africae|Chief Justice]]
| leader_name3 = [[Sundaresh Menon]]                                   
| legislature = [[Pairlament o Singapore|Pairlament]]
| upper_house = 
| lower_house = 
| area_km2 = 719.9
| area_footnote = <ref name=singstat2015pop&land>{{cite web |url=http://www.singstat.gov.sg/statistics/latest-data |title=Population & Land Area (Mid-Year Estimates) |date=June 2014 |publisher=Statistics Singapore |accessdate=25 September 2014 |archive-date=2015-11-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151129094649/http://www.singstat.gov.sg/statistics/latest-data#14 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| area_rank = 176th
| population_estimate = 5,607,300
| population_estimate_year = 2016<ref name="singstat2015pop&land"/>
| population_estimate_rank = 113t
| population_density_km2 = 7,797
| population_density_sq_mi = 20,194
| population_density_rank = 3rd
| GDP_PPP = $537.447 billion
| GDP_PPP_year = 2018<ref name=imf>{{cite web |url=https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2017/02/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=53&pr.y=10&sy=2018&ey=2018&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=576&s=NGDPD%2CPPPGDP%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a= |title=Singapore |publisher=[[International Monetary Fund]] }}</ref>
| GDP_PPP_rank = 39th
| GDP_PPP_per_capita = $93,678
| GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 3rd
| GDP_nominal = $316.872 billion
| GDP_nominal_year = 2018<ref name=imf/>
| GDP_nominal_rank = 41st
| GDP_nominal_per_capita = $55,231
| GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 10t
| Gini = 46.4 <!--number only-->
| Gini_year = 2014
| Gini_change = increase <!--increase/decrease/steady-->
| Gini_ref = <ref name="CIA">{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/fields/2172.html#sn |title=Distribution of family income – Gini Index |year=2015 |publisher=CIA |accessdate=30 September 2015 |archive-date=2018-12-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225165827/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/fields/2172.html#sn |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| Gini_rank = 30t
| HDI = 0.925 <!--number only-->
| HDI_year = 2015<!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year-->
| HDI_change = increase <!--increase/decrease/steady-->
| HDI_ref = <ref name="HDI">{{cite web |url=http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/2016_human_development_report.pdf |title=2016 Human Development Report |year=2016 |accessdate=23 March 2017 |publisher=United Nations Development Programme}}</ref>
| HDI_rank = 5t
| currency = [[Singapore dollar]]
| currency_code = SGD
| time_zone = [[Singapore Staundart Time|SST]]
| utc_offset = +8
| antipodes = 
| date_format = {{nowrap|dd-mm-yyyy}}
| drives_on = caur
| calling_code = [[+65]]
| iso3166code = SG
| cctld = {{hlist|[[.sg]]|[[.新加坡]]|[[.சிங்கப்பூர்]]}}
}}

| birth_place  = [[Zonnemaire]], Netherlands
| death_date   = {{death date and age|mf=yes|1943|10|9|1865|5|25|df=y}}
| death_place  = [[Amsterdam]], Netherlands
| nationality  = Netherlands
| field        = [[Physics]]
| work_places  = [[Varsity o Amsterdam]]
| alma_mater   = [[Varsity o Leiden]]
| doctoral_advisor = [[Heike Kamerlingh Onnes]]
| doctoral_students = <!--please insert-->
| known_for    = [[Zeeman effect]]
| spouse       = {{marriage|Johanna Elisabeth Lebret|1895|1943}}
| prizes       = {{nowrap|[[Nobel Prize for Physics]] (1902)<br />[[Matteucci Medal]] (1912)<br />[[Henry Draper Medal]] (1921)<br />[[Rumford Medal]] (1922)<br />[[Franklin Medal]] (1925)}}
}}
'''Pieter Zeeman''' ({{IPA-nl|ˈzeːmɑn|lang}}; 25 Mey 1865 – 9 October 1943) wis a Dutch [[physics|physicist]] who shared the 1902 [[Nobel Prize]] in [[Physics]] wi [[Hendrik Lorentz]] for his discovery o the [[Zeeman effect]].

{{speciesbox
|image = ArtemisiaVulgaris.jpg
|genus = Artemisia
|species = vulgaris
|authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]] 1753 nae C.B. Clarke 1882 nor Mattf. 1926
|synonyms_ref = <ref>[http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/gcc-77033 The Plant List, ''Artemisia vulgaris'' L. ]</ref>
|synonyms = {{collapsible list|bullets = true
|title=<small>Synonymy</small>
|''Absinthium spicatum'' <small>(Wulfen ex Jacq.) Baumg.</small>
|''Artemisia affinis'' <small>Hassk.</small>
|''Artemisia apetala'' <small>hort.pest. ex Steud.</small>
|''Artemisia cannabifolia'' <small>H.Lév.</small>
|''Artemisia coarctata'' <small>Forselles</small>
|''Artemisia discolor'' <small>Douglas ex DC.</small>
|''Artemisia eriophora'' <small>Ledeb.</small>
|''Artemisia flodmanii'' <small>Rydb.</small> 
|''Artemisia glabrata'' <small>DC.</small>
|''Artemisia heribaudii'' <small>(Sennen) Sennen </small>
|''Artemisia heyneana'' <small>Wall.</small>
|''Artemisia hispanica'' <small>Stechm. ex Besser</small>
|''Artemisia javanica'' <small>Pamp.</small>
|''Artemisia leptophylla'' <small>D.Don</small>
|''Artemisia leptostachya'' <small>D.Don</small> 
|''Artemisia leucophylla'' <small>(Ledeb.) Turcz. ex Pavlov 1929 nae C.B. Clarke 1876</small>
|''Artemisia longiflora'' <small>Pamp.</small>
|''Artemisia ludoviciana'' <small>Besser 1834 not Nutt. 1818</small>
|''Artemisia michauxii'' <small>Besser</small>
|''Artemisia officinalis'' <small>Gaterau</small>
|''Artemisia opulenta'' <small>Pamp.</small>
|''Artemisia paniculiformis'' <small>DC.</small>
|''Artemisia parviflora'' <small>Wight</small> 
|''Artemisia rubriflora'' <small>Turcz. ex Besser</small>
|''Artemisia ruderalis'' <small>Salisb.</small>
|''Artemisia samamisica'' <small>Besser</small>
|''Artemisia selengensis'' <small>Turcz. ex Besser</small> 
|''Artemisia superba'' <small>Pamp</small>
|''Artemisia tongtchouanensis'' <small>H.Lév.</small>
|''Artemisia violacea'' <small>Desf.</small>
|''Artemisia virens'' <small>Moench 	</small>
|''Artemisia vulgaris'' <small>Burm.f. 1768 not L. 1753</small>
|''Artemisia wallichiana'' <small>Besser</small>
}}}}
'''''Artemisia vulgaris''''' ('''mugwort''', '''muggart''', '''muggins''', '''muggart kail''', or '''bowlocks''') is ane o several species in the genus ''[[Artemisia (genus)|Artemisia]]''.

|death_date = {{death date and age|1992|1|1|1906|12|9}}
|birth_place=[[New York Ceety]], [[New York]], U.S.
|death_place=[[Arlington]], [[Virginie]], U.S.
|placeofburial=[[Arlington Naitional Seemetry]]
|placeofburial_label= Place o burial
|image=Commodore Grace M. Hopper, USN (covered).jpg
|caption=Hopper in Januar 1984
|nickname="Amazing Grace"
|allegiance= {{flagu|Unitit States o Americae}}
|serviceyears=1943–1966, 1967–1971, 1972–1986
|rank=  [[Rear Admiral (Unitit States)|Rear Admiral (lawer hauf)]]
|branch={{flag|Unitit States Navy}}
|commands=
|awards= [[Defense Distinguished Service Medal]]<br/> [[Legion o Merit]]<br /> [[Meritorious Service Medal (USA)|Meritorious Service Medal]]<br /> [[American Campaign Medal]]<br /> [[Warld War II Victory Medal]]<br /> [[Naitional Defense Service Medal]]<br />[[Armed Forces Reserve Medal]] wi twa [[Oorglass Device]]s<br /> [[Naval Reserve Medal]]
|relations=
|laterwork=
}}
'''Grace Murray Hopper''' (December 9, 1906{{spaced ndash}}Januar 1, 1992) wis an American [[computer scientist]] an [[Unitit States Navy]] [[Rear admiral (Unitit States)|Rear Admiral]]. A pioneer in the field, she wis ane o the first programmers o the [[Harvard Mark I]] computer, an developed the first [[compiler]] for a computer programmin leid.<ref name="Wexelblat81">{{cite book |author= Richard L. Wexelblat, ed. |title= History of Programming Languages |url= https://archive.org/details/historyofprogram0000hist |year= 1981 |location= New York |publisher= Academic Press |isbn= 0-12-745040-8}}</ref><ref name="Spencer85">{{cite book |author= Donald D. Spencer |title= Computers and Information Processing |url= https://archive.org/details/computerinformat0000unse_n4p5 |year= 1985 |publisher= C.E. Merrill Publishing Co |isbn= 978-0-675-20290-9}}</ref><ref name="Laplante01">{{cite book |author= Phillip A. Laplante |title= Dictionary of computer science, engineering, and technology |year= 2001 |publisher= CRC Press |isbn= 978-0-8493-2691-2}}</ref><ref name="Bunch93">{{cite book |author= Bryan H. Bunch, Alexander Hellemans |title= The Timetables of Technology: A Chronology of the Most Important People and Events in the History of Technology |url= https://archive.org/details/timetablesoftech00brya |year= 1993 |publisher= Simon & Schuster |isbn= 978-0-671-76918-5}}</ref><ref name="Booss03">{{cite book |author= Bernhelm Booss-Bavnbek, Jens Høyrup |title= Mathematics and War |year= 2003 |publisher= Birkhäuser Verlag |isbn= 978-3-7643-1634-1}}</ref> She conceptualized the idea o machine-independent programmin leids, which led tae the development o [[COBOL]], ane o the first [[heich-level programmin leid|modren programmin leid]]s.  She is credited wi popularizing the term "debuggin" for fixin computer glitches (inspired bi an actual [[moch]] removed frae the computer). Owin tae the breadth o her accomplishments an her naval rank, she is whiles referred tae as "Amazing Grace".<ref name="urlCyber Heroes of the past: Amazing Grace Hopper">{{cite web
|url=http://wvegter.hivemind.net/abacus/CyberHeroes/Hopper.htm
|title=Cyber Heroes of the past: "Amazing Grace" Hopper
|accessdate=December 12, 2013
}}</ref><ref name="urlGrace Murray Hopper">{{cite web
|url=http://www.agnesscott.edu/lriddle/women/hopper.htm
|title=Grace Murray Hopper
|accessdate=December 12, 2012
}}</ref> The U.S. Navy destroyer [[USS Hopper (DDG-70)|USS ''Hopper'' (DDG-70)]] is named for her, as wis the [[Cray XE6]] "Hopper" supercomputer at [[NERSC]].

instead -->
| type                    = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment]]
| image_skyline           = Prefecture-Region-Poitiers-86.jpg
| image_alt               =
| image_caption           = [[Prefecturs in Fraunce|Prefectur]] biggin o the Vienne depairtment, in Poitiers
| image_flag              =
| flag_alt                =
| image_shield            = Blason_département_fr_Vienne.svg
| shield_alt              =
| nickname                =
| motto                   =
| image_map               = Vienne-Position.svg
| map_alt                 =
| map_caption             = Location o Vienne in Fraunce
| pushpin_map             =
| pushpin_label_position  =
| pushpin_map_alt         =
| pushpin_map_caption     =
| coordinates             = {{coord|46|30|N|00|30|E|region:FR_type:adm2nd_scale:2000000_source:frwiki|display=inline,title}}
| coor_pinpoint           =
| coordinates_footnotes   =
| subdivision_type        = [[Leet o sovereign states|Kintra]]
| subdivision_name        = [[Fraunce]]
| subdivision_type1       = [[Regions o Fraunce|Region]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[Poitou-Charentes]]
| established_title       =
| established_date        =
| founder                 =
| seat_type               = [[Prefecturs in Fraunce|Prefectur]]
| seat                    = [[Poitiers]]
| parts_type              = [[Subprefecturs in Fraunce|Subprefecturs]]
| parts_style             = para
| p1                      = [[Châtellerault]]<br>[[Montmorillon]]
| government_footnotes    =
| leader_party            =
| leader_title            = [[Preses o the general cooncil|Preses o the General Cooncil]]
| leader_name             = [[Claude Bertaud]]
| unit_pref               = Metric<!-- or US or UK -->
| area_magnitude          =
| area_footnotes          = {{ref|area|1}}
| area_total_km2          = 6990
| area_note               =
| elevation_footnotes     =
| elevation_m             =
| elevation_min_m         =
| elevation_max_m         =
| population_footnotes    =
| population_total        = 421891
| population_as_of        = 2007
| population_rank         = [[Leet o French depairtments bi population|56t]]
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_demonym      =
| population_note         =
| blank_name_sec1         = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment nummer]]
| blank_info_sec1         = 86
| blank_name_sec2         = [[Arrondissements o Fraunce|Arrondissements]]
| blank_info_sec2         = [[arrondissements o the Vienne depairtment|3]]
| blank1_name_sec2        = [[Cantons in Fraunce|Cantons]]
| blank1_info_sec2        = [[cantons o the Vienne depairtment|19]]
| blank2_name_sec2        = [[Communes in Fraunce|Communes]]
| blank2_info_sec2        = [[communes o the Vienne depairtment|281]]
| timezone1               = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset1             = +1
| timezone1_DST           = [[Central European Simmer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset1_DST         = +2
| postal_code_type        =
| postal_code             =
| area_code_type          =
| area_code               =
| iso_code                =
| website                 =
| footnotes               = {{note|area|1}} French Land Register data, which exclude [[estuary|estuaries]], an lochs, ponds, an glaciers lairger nor 1 km<sup>2</sup>
}}
'''Vienne''' ({{IPA-fr|vjɛn}}) is a [[Depairtments o Fraunce|depairtment]] in the [[Poitou-Charentes]] [[Regions o Fraunce|region]] o [[Fraunce]] named efter the river [[Vienne (river)|Vienne]].

'''David Hume''' ([[7 Mey]] (New Style)/[[26 Aprile|26 Apryle]] (Auld Style) [[1711]] – [[25 August]] [[1776]]) wis a [[Scotland|Scots]] economist, historian, author an [[philosophy|philosopher]]. He wis verra important in Wastren Philosophy.

{{Unreferenced|date=Apryle 2019}}
An '''ideology''' is a set o conscious an/or [[unconscious mind|unconscious]] [[idea]]s which constitute ane's goals, [[expectation (epistemic)|expectation]]s, an [[action theory (filosofie)|actions]].

'''Endurance''' is a [[dunt crater]] on [[Maurs]] that wis veesitit bi the [[Opportunity Rinaboot]] frae [[Mey]] until [[December]] o [[2004]]. Meession scientists cried the crater efter the Gailey ''[[Endurance]]'' that sailed tae the [[Antarctic]] in an sploration vaige organized bi [[Ernest Shackleton]].

|birth_place =[[Gentofte Municipality|Gentofte]], Denmark<ref name="rollingstone">{{cite journal|last=Scaggs profile|first=Austin|date=2 September 2004|title=Lars Ulrich profile|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_rolling-stone_2004-09-02_956/page/64|journal=Rolling Stone|issue=956|page=64|publisher=Straight Arrow Publishers|issn=0035-791X}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.metallica.com/band/band-bio-lars.asp|title=Lars Ulrich profile|publisher=Metallica.com|accessdate=4 August 2014|archive-date=2015-10-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151018162541/http://www.metallica.com/band/band-bio-lars.asp|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| genre = {{flatlist|
* [[Hivy metal muisic|Hivy metal]]
* [[thrash metal]]
* [[haurd rock]]
* [[speed metal]]
}}
| instrument = Drums, percussion 
| occupation = Muisicker, sangwriter, producer, actor
| years_active = 1980–present
| associated_acts = [[Metallica]], [[Mercyful Fate]] 
| website = {{url|metallica.com}}
| notable_instruments = [[Tama Drums]]
[[Zildjian Cymbals]]
}}
'''Lars Ulrich''' ({{IPA-da|lɑːs ˈulˀʁæɡ̊|lang|}}; born December 26, 1963) is a Dens drummer an ane o the foondin members o the American [[Hivy metal muisic|hivy metal]] baund [[Metallica]].

{| border=1 align="right" cellpadding=2 cellspacing=0 style="margin: 0 0 1em 1em; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;"
|-
! bgcolor="#ccccff" style="padding:0 0 0 50px;" | [[Dagestan|Republic o Dagestan]], [[Roushie]]
| width="50px" | 
|-
| colspan=2 align="center"|<small>'''Caipital:''' [[Makhachkala]]</small>
|-
| colspan=2 align="center"|<small>As o 2010:<ref name="OKATO">{{OKATOReference|82}}</ref></small>
|-
| '''# o [[raion|destrict]]s'''<br />(районы)|| 41
|-
| '''# o ceeties/touns'''<br />(города)|| 10
|-
| '''# o [[urban-teep dounset]]s'''<br />(посёлки городского типа)|| 19
|-
| '''# o [[selsovet]]s'''<br />(сельсоветы)|| 363
|-
| colspan=2 align="center"|<small>As o 2002:<ref name="Census">Results o the 2002 [[Russian Census (2002)|Russian Population Census]]-[http://perepis2002.ru/ct/html/TOM_01_03.htm Territory, number of districts, inhabited localities, and rural administrations of the Russian Federation by federal subject] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928181511/http://perepis2002.ru/ct/html/TOM_01_03.htm |date=2011-09-28 }}</ref></small>
|-
| '''# o landwart localities'''<br />(сельские населённые пункты)|| 1,605
|-
| '''# o uninhabited rural localities'''<br />(сельские населённые пункты без населения)|| 46
|-
|}
{{Location map|Russia Dagestan|label=Makhachkala|caption=Map o Dagestan an its caipital, Makhachkala|lat_deg=42|lat_min=58|lon_deg=47|lon_min=30|position=left}}

'''Archimedes''' (287 B.C. – 212 B.C.) wis a [[Greece|Greek]] [[philosophy|philosopher]], [[astronomy|astronomer]], [[Naitural philosophy|pheesicist]], [[Ingineerin|ingineer]] an a fine [[Mathematics|mathemateecian]] born in the Greek seaport colonie o Syracuse. He is conseedert bi some maths historians tae be ane o history's bestest mathemateecians, alang wi the likes o [[Isaac Newton|Newton]], [[Carl Friedrich Gauss|Gauss]], an [[Leonhard Euler|Euler]].

{{fixscots}}

{{Unsoorced}}[[Image:Onopordum acanthium.jpg|thumb|The Scots thristle]] 

'''Pythagoras o Samos''' ({{IPAc-en|p|ɪ|ˈ|θ|æ|g|ə|r|ə|s}}; {{lang-grc|Πυθαγόρας ὁ Σάμιος|Pythagóras ho Sámios|Pythagoras the [[Samos|Samian]]}}, or simply {{lang|grc|Πυθαγόρας}}; Πυθαγόρης in [[Ionian Greek]]; c. 570 BC – c. 495 BC)<ref>"The dates of his life cannot be fixed exactly, but assuming the approximate correctness of the statement of Aristoxenus (ap. Porph. ''V.P.'' 9) that he left Samos to escape the tyranny of Polycrates at the age of forty, we may put his birth round about 570 BC, or a few years earlier. The length of his life was variously estimated in antiquity, but it is agreed that he lived to a fairly ripe old age, and most probably he died at about seventy-five or eighty." [[William Keith Chambers Guthrie]], (1978), ''A history of Greek philosophy, Volume 1: The earlier Presocratics and the Pythagoreans'', page 173. Cambridge University Press</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Biographies/Pythagoras.html |title=Biographies |access-date=2014-02-05 |archive-date=2012-07-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120730155649/http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Biographies/Pythagoras.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>  was an [[Ionians|Ionian]] [[Auncient Greeks|Greek]] philosopher of possible [[Sirie|Syrian]]<ref>[https://books.google.ae/books?id=mM7N_v0xcmQC&lpg=PP1&pg=PA271#v=onepage&q=Pythagoras%20was%20a%20Syrian&f=false]</ref>origin,  [[mathematician|cult leader(honestly i would defenetly join bc it sounds fun)]], an foonder o the releegious movement cried [[Pythagoreanism]].

border
|caption      = Official Senate portrait of Sanders, 2007
|alongside    = [[Patrick Leahy]]
|jr/sr        = Unitit States Senator
|predecessor  = [[Jim Jeffords]]
|successor    =
|signature    = Bernie Sanders signature.svg
|district2    = {{ushr|VT|AL|at-lairge}}
|predecessor2 = [[Peter Plympton Smith]]
|state        = [[Vermont]]
|successor2   = [[Peter Welch]]
|party        = [[Liberty Union Party|Liberty Union]] {{small|(Afore 1979)}}<br/>[[Independent politeecian|Independent]] {{small|(1979–2015)}}<br/>[[Democratic Pairty (Unitit States)|Democratic]] {{small|(2015–present)}}[[#Pairty affiliation syne 2015|<sup>†</sup>]]
|office1      = Chairman o the [[United States Senate Committee on Veterans' Affairs|Senate Committee on Veterans' Affairs]]
|predecessor1 = [[Patty Murray]]
|successor1   = [[Johnny Isakson]]
|state2       = [[Vermont]]
|birth_name   = Bernard Sanders
|birth_date   = {{birth date and age|1941|9|8}}
|birth_place  = {{nowrap|[[Brooklyn]], [[New York Ceety]], U.S.}}
|death_date   = 
|spouse       = Deborah Shiling {{small|(1964–1966)}}<br/>[[Jane O'Meara Sanders|Jane O’Meara]] {{small|(1988–present)}}
|partner      = Susan Mott {{small|(1969)}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3155396/Bernie-Sanders-1960s-love-life-revealed-wife-woman-son-sugar-shack-home-lived-revolutionary.html |title=Democratic presidential candidate Bernie Sanders' 1960s love life revealed |date=Julie 9, 2015 |work=Mail Online}}</ref>
|children     = 1; 3 step-bairns
|residence    = [[Burlington, Vermont]], U.S.
|alma_mater   = [[Brooklyn College]] {{small|(1959–60)}}<br/>[[Varsity o Chicago]] {{small|(1960–64)}}
|website      = {{url|sanders.senate.gov|Senate wabsteid}}<br/>{{url|berniesanders.com|Campaign wabsteid}}
|term_start   = 3 Januar 2007
|term_end     =
|term_start1  = 3 Januar 2013
|term_end1    = 3 Januar 2015
|term_start2  = 3 Januar 1991
|term_end2    = 3 Januar 2007
|office3      = 37t [[Leet o mayors o Burlington, Vermont|Mayor]] o [[Burlington, Vermont|Burlington]]
|term_start3  = 6 Apryle 1981
|term_end3    = 4 Apryle 1989
|predecessor3 = Gordon Paquette
|successor3   = [[Peter Clavelle]]
|death_place  = 
}}
'''Bernard '''"'''Bernie'''"''' Sanders''' (born 8 September 1941) is an [[Americans|American]] politeecian. He is a [[Unitit States Senate|United States Senator]] frae [[Vermont]].  Afore servin in the Senate, he representit [[Vermont's at-lairge congressional destrict]] in the [[Unitit States Hoose o Representatives]] an servit as mayor o [[Burlington, Vermont]].

A '''habby''' is a acteevity duin for pleisur. Whit can be ae bodies's wark can be anither bodie's habby. For ensaumple, a body micht [[gowf]] for thair perfaission, but anither body micht [[gowf]] in thair free time, an this wad be a habby.
{{Commonscat|Hobbies}}
{{stub}}

{{Year dab|1895}}
{{Year nav|1895}}
Year '''1895''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MDCCCXCV]]''') wis a [[common year stairtin on Tysday]] (airtin will display full calendar) o the [[Gregorian calendar]] an a [[common year stairtin on Sunday]] o the 12-day-slower [[Julian calendar]].

'''Moskvitch G1''' wis a [[sports caur]] frae [[Moskvitch]] produced in 1951 bi the ingineer I. Gladilin. It wis the first Moskvitch specially developed for racin. It haed aluminium coachwirk an wis pouered bi a 1100 cc ingine givin 70&nbsp;hp (52 kw) an a top speed o 190&nbsp;km/h (118&nbsp;mph). The ingine wis derived frae the ingine uised in the [[Moskvitch 405]], but wis later replaced wi an ingine based on the ingine in the newer [[Moskvitch 407]]. Tae increase the pouer it was fittit wi fower carburettors frae the motorcycle  Izh-49. The total weight wis 670&nbsp;kg (1,477&nbsp;lb). The G1 woud be the base for later racin caurs such as the [[Moskvitch G2]].

|Lageplan          = Dollerup in SL.PNG
|Bundesland        = Schleswig-Holstein
|Kreis             = Schleswig-Flensburg
|Amt               = Langballig
|Höhe              = 35
|Fläche            = 13.08
|Einwohner         = 1041
|Stand             = 2006-12-31
|PLZ               = 24989
|Vorwahl           = 04636
|Kfz               = SL
|Gemeindeschlüssel = 01 0 59 106
|Adresse-Verband   = Süderende 1<br />24977 Langballig
|Website           = [http://www.langballig.de/ www.langballig.de]
|Bürgermeister     = Peter-Wilhelm Jacobsen
|Partei            =
}}

The '''soul''', in mony releegious, philosophical an meethological tradeetions, is the [[incorporeality|incorporeal]] an, in mony conceptions, [[immortality o the soul|immortal]] essence o a livin thing.<ref>"soul."Encyclopædia Britannica. 2010. Encyclopædia Britannica 2006 CD. 13 July 2010.</ref>

| commercial     = Na
| type           = wiki
| language       = multilingual
| registration   = Optional
| slogan         = the free encyclopaedia
| owner          = [[Wikimedia Foondation]]
| launch date    = {{start date|2001|01|15}}
| current status = Active
| alexa          = {{Increase}} 13 ({{as of|2020|11|18|alt=November 2020}})<ref name="alexa">{{cite web |url= https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org |title= Wikipedia.org Site Info |publisher= [[Alexa Internet]] |accessdate= 2020-11-18 |archive-date= 2020-08-25 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200825070245/https://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/wikipedia.org |url-status= dead }}</ref>
}}

{{Taxobox
| name = Blackie, Merl(e), Lintoo
| status = LC
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| status_ref = <ref name="IUCN">{{IUCN2006|assessors=BirdLife International |year=2004 |id=51596|title=Turdus merula|downloaded=2007-12-06}} Database entry includes justification for why this species is of least concern</ref>
| image = Kos Turdus merulaRB.jpg
| image_width = 230px
| image_caption = An adult male
| image2= Common Blackbird (Turdus merula) (W1CDR0001425 BD22).ogg
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]]
| classis = [[bird|Aves]]
| ordo = [[Passerine|Passeriformes]]
| familia = [[Turdidae]]
| genus = '''Turdus'''
| binomial = ''Turdus merula''
| binomial_authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], 1758
| range_map = Turdus merula distribution2.jpg
| range_map_width = 230px
| range_map_caption =Approximate scowth gien in grey}}

|map_type= Scotland
 |static_image=
 |static_image_caption= Kirriemair, Peter Pan Statue
 |gaelic_name= Cearan Mhoire
 |unitary_scotland= [[Angus]]
 |lieutenancy_scotland= [[Angus]]
 |constituency_westminster= [[Angus (UK Pairlament constituency)|Angus]]
 |constituency_scottish_parliament= [[Angus Sooth (Scots Pairlament constituency)|Angus Sooth]]
 |post_town= KIRRIEMUIR|postcode_district = DD8
 |postcode_area= DD 
 |dial_code= 01575
 }}
'''Kirriemair''', sometimes cried '''Kirrie''', is a [[burgh]] in [[Angus]], [[Scotland]].

| birth_place      = Lunnon, Ingland
 | death_date       = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1832|06|06|1748|02|15}}
 | death_place      = Lunnon, Ingland
 | school_tradition = [[Utilitarianism]], [[legal positivism]], [[liberalism]]
 | main_interests   = Poleetical filosofie, filosofie o law, ethics, economics
 | influences       = [[Protagoras]]{{·}} [[Epicurus]]{{·}} [[John Locke]]{{·}} [[David Hume]]{{·}} [[Baron de Montesquieu|Montesquieu]]{{·}} [[Claude Adrien Helvétius|Helvétius]]{{·}} [[Thomas Hobbes|Hobbes]]{{·}} [[Cesare Beccaria|Beccaria]]{{·}}[[Adam Smith]]
 | influenced       = [[John Stuart Mill]]{{·}} [[Henry Sidgwick]]{{·}} [[Michel Foucault]]{{·}} [[Peter Singer]]{{·}} [[John Austin (legal filosofie)|John Austin]]{{·}} [[Robert Owen]]{{·}} [[David Pearce (philosopher)|David Pearce]] {{·}} [[H. L. A. Hart]] {{·}} [[Iain King]] {{·}} [[Francis Y. Edgeworth]]
 | notable_ideas    = [[Greatest happiness principle]]
 | signature        = Jeremy Bentham signature.jpg
}}
'''Jeremy Bentham''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|b|ɛ|n|θ|əm}}; 15 Februar 1748 [O.S. 4 Februar 1747]<ref>[http://sites.google.com/site/countyhistorian/ancestry-of-jeremy-bentham W. Johnson, "Ancestry of Jeremy Bentham" (2012).]</ref> – 6 Juin 1832) was a Breetish [[philosopher]], [[jurist]], an [[social reformer]]. He is regairdit as the foonder o modren [[utilitarianism]].

instead -->
| type                    = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment]]
| image_skyline           = 
| image_alt               = 
| image_caption           = 
| image_flag              = 
| flag_alt                = 
| image_shield            = Pas de Calais Arms.svg
| shield_alt              = 
| nickname                = 
| motto                   = 
| image_map               = Pas-de-Calais-Position.svg
| map_alt                 = 
| map_caption             = Location o Pas-de-Calais in Fraunce
| pushpin_map             = 
| pushpin_label_position  = 
| pushpin_map_alt         = 
| pushpin_map_caption     = 
| coordinates             = {{coord|50|57|N|1|51|E|region:FR_type:adm2nd|display=inline}}
| coor_pinpoint           = 
| coordinates_footnotes   = 
| subdivision_type        = [[Leet o kintras|Kintra]]
| subdivision_name        = [[Fraunce]]
| subdivision_type1       = [[Regions o Fraunce|Region]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[Nord-Pas-de-Calais]]
| established_title       = 
| established_date        = 
| founder                 = 
| seat_type               = [[Prefecturs in Fraunce|Prefectur]]
| seat                    = [[Arras]]
| parts_type              = [[Subprefecturs in Fraunce|Subprefecturs]]
| parts_style             = para
| p1                      = [[Béthune]]<br>
[[Boulogne-sur-Mer]]<br>
[[Calais]]<br>
[[Lens, Pas-de-Calais|Lens]]<br>
[[Montreuil, Pas-de-Calais|Montreuil]]<br>
[[Saint-OmerSaint-Omer]]
| government_footnotes    = 
| leader_party            = 
| leader_title            = [[Preses o the General Cooncil]]
| leader_name             = Dominique Dupilet
| unit_pref               = Metric<!-- or US or UK -->
| area_magnitude          = 
| area_footnotes          = {{ref|area|1}}
| area_total_km2          = 6671
| area_note               = 
| elevation_footnotes     = 
| elevation_m             = 
| elevation_min_m         = 
| elevation_max_m         = 
| population_footnotes    = 
| population_total        = 1453387
| population_as_of        = 2006
| population_rank         = [[Leet o French depairtments bi population|7t]]
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_demonym      = 
| population_note         = 
| blank_name_sec1         = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment number]]
| blank_info_sec1         = 62
| blank_name_sec2         = [[Arrondissements o Fraunce|Arrondissements]]
| blank_info_sec2         = [[arrondissements o the Pas-de-Calais depairtment|7]]
| blank1_name_sec2        = [[Cantons in Fraunce|Cantons]]
| blank1_info_sec2        = [[cantons o the Pas-de-Calais depairtment|77]]
| blank2_name_sec2        = [[Communes in Fraunce|Communes]]
| blank2_info_sec2        = [[communes o the Pas-de-Calais depairtment|894]]
| timezone1               = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset1             = +1
| timezone1_DST           = [[Central European Simmer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset1_DST         = +2
| postal_code_type        = 
| postal_code             = 
| area_code_type          = 
| area_code               = 
| iso_code                = 
| website                 = 
| footnotes               = {{note|area|1}} French Land Register data, which exclude [[estuary|estuaries]], an lakes, ponds, an glaciers lairger than 1 km<sup>2</sup>
}}
'''Pas-de-Calais''' ({{IPA-fr|pɑ d(ə) kalɛ}}) is a [[Depairtments o Fraunce|depairtment]] in northren [[Fraunce]]. Its name is the [[French leid|French]] equivalent o the [[Strait o Dover]], which it borders.

'''Sepultura''' ([[Portuguese leid|Portuguese]] for "[[Grave (burial)|grave]]") is a [[Brazil]]ian [[hivy metal]] baund frae [[Belo Horizonte]], [[Brazil]], formit in 1984. The baund wis a major force in the [[daith metal]], [[thrash metal]] an ultimately [[groove metal]] genres durin the late 1980s an early 1990s, wi their later experiments meldin [[nu metal]], [[hardcore punk]], [[industrial muisic]] an [[extreme metal]].

| birth_place      = [[Düsseldorf]], [[Rhine Province]], [[Free State o Proushie|Proushie]], [[Weimar Republic|Germany]]
| region           = [[Wastren Philosophy]]
| era              = [[Contemporary philosophy]]
| school_tradition = {{hlist| [[Continental philosophy]] | [[Creetical theory]] }}
| alma_mater       = 
| main_interests   = {{hlist| [[Social theory]] | [[Epistemology]] | [[Poleetical theory]] | [[Pragmatics]] }}
| notable_ideas    = {{hlist| [[Communicative rationality]] | [[Post-metaphysical philosophy]] | [[Discoorse ethics]] | [[Deliberative democracy]] | [[Universal pragmatics]] | [[Communicative action]] | [[The Structural Transformation o the Public Sphere|The structural transformation o the public sphere]] | The seestem–[[lifewarld]] distinction | Creetique o subject-centred raison | [[Structuralism#Interpretations an general creeticisms|Creeticism o structuralism]] | [[Performative contradiction]] | [[Constitutional patriotism]] }}
| signature = Jürgen Habermas signature.jpg
| influences       = {{hlist| [[Max Weber|Weber]] | [[Émile Durkheim|Durkheim]] | [[George Herbert Mead|Mead]] | [[Karl Marx|Marx]] | [[Wilhelm Dilthey|Dilthey]] | [[Talcott Parsons|Parsons]] | [[Immanuel Kant|Kant]] | [[Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel|Hegel]] | [[Martin Heidegger|Heidegger]] | [[Jean Piaget|Piaget]] | [[Max Horkheimer|Horkheimer]] | [[Theodor W. Adorno|Adorno]] | [[Herbert Marcuse|Marcuse]] | [[Ludwig Wittgenstein|Wittgenstein]] | [[Charles Sanders Peirce|Peirce]] | [[J. L. Austin|Austin]] | [[Wolfgang Abendroth]] }}
| influenced       = {{hlist| [[Claus Offe|Offe]] | [[Axel Honneth|Honneth]] | [[Thomas A. McCarthy|McCarthy]] | [[Hans-Hermann Hoppe|Hoppe]] | [[Seyla Benhabib|Benhabib]] | [[Nancy Fraser|Fraser]] }}
| spouse = Ute Wesselhöft
}}
'''Jürgen Habermas''' ({{IPA-de|ˈjʏrɡn̩ ˈhaːbɐmaːs|lang}};<ref>Max Mangold and Dudenredaktion: ''Duden Aussprachewörterbuch.'' In: ''Der Duden in zwölf Bänden.'' Volume 6, 6th edition, Dudenverlag, Mannheim/Leipzig/Wien/Zürich 2005 ISBN 978-3-411-04066-7, "Jürgen" p. 446 and "Habermas" p. 383.</ref> born 18 Juin 1929) is a German [[sociology|sociologist]] an philosopher in the tradeetion o [[creetical theory]] an [[pragmatism]]. He is aiblins best kent for his theories on [[communicative raitionality]] an the [[public sphere]]. In 2014, [[Prospect (magazine)|Prospect]] readers waled Habermas as ane o thair favourites amang the "warld's leadin thinkers."<ref name="prospectmagazine.co.uk">{{cite news|url=http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/features/world-thinkers-2014-the-results|title=World thinkers 2014: The results|author=Serena Kutchinsky|date=23 April 2014|publisher=Prospect Magazine|quote=12. Jürgen Habermas, philosopher|access-date=2017-03-26|archive-date=2019-09-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190928151452/http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/features/world-thinkers-2014-the-results|url-status=dead}}</ref>

<!-- established --------------->
| established_title       = Established
| established_date        = 27 Aprile 1994
<!-- seat, smaller parts ------->
| seat_type               = Caipital
| seat                    = [[Johannesburg]]
| parts_type              = [[Destricts o Sooth Africae|Destricts]]
| p1                      = [[City of Johannesburg Metropolitan Municipality|City of Johannesburg]]
| p2                      = [[City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality|City of Tshwane]]
| p3                      = [[Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality|Ekurhuleni]]
| p4                      = [[Sedibeng District Municipality|Sedibeng]]
| p5                      = [[Metsweding District Municipality|Metsweding]]
| p6                      = [[West Rand District Municipality|West Rand]]
<!-- government type, leaders -->
| government_footnotes    = <!-- for references: use<ref> tags -->
| government_type         = [[Pairlamentary seestem]]
| leader_party            = [[African Naitional Congress|ANC]]
| leader_title            = [[Premier o Gauteng|Premier]]
| leader_name             = [[Nomvula Mokonyane]]
<!-- area ---------------------->
| area_footnotes          =<ref>{{cite book |title=Stats in Brief, 2010 |url=http://www.statssa.gov.za/publications/StatsInBrief/StatsInBrief2010.pdf |publisher=Statistics South Africa |location=Pretoria |year=2010 |isbn=978-0-621-39563-1 |page=3}}</ref>
| area_total_km2          = 18178
| area_rank               = [[Leet o Sooth African provinces bi aurie|9t in Sooth Africae]]
<!-- elevation ----------------->
| elevation_max_footnotes = <!-- for references: use<ref> tags -->
| elevation_max_m         = 1913
| elevation_min_footnotes = <!-- for references: use<ref> tags -->
| elevation_min_m         =
<!-- population ---------------->
| population_footnotes    =<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.statssa.gov.za/publications/CS2007Basic/CS2007Basic.pdf |format=PDF |title=Community Survey 2007: Basic results |page=2 |publisher=Statistics South Africa |accessdate=14 January 2011 |archive-date=2011-02-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110221195700/http://www.statssa.gov.za/Publications/CS2007Basic/CS2007Basic.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>2007 population figure adjusted to account for the transfer of [[Merafong City Local Municipality|Merafong City]] from [[North West (South African province)|North West]] to Gauteng.</ref><ref>{{Cite report |title=Mid-year population estimates, 2011 |url=http://www.statssa.gov.za/publications/P0302/P03022011.pdf |year=2011 |publisher=Statistics South Africa |accessdate=1 March 2012}}</ref>
| population_total        = 10667578
| population_as_of        = 2007
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_est          = 11328203
| pop_est_as_of           = 2011
| population_rank         = [[Leet o Sooth African provinces bi population|1st in Sooth Africae]]
| population_density_rank = [[Leet o Sooth African provinces bi population density|1st in Sooth Africae]]
| population_demonym      = <!-- demonym, ie. Liverpudlian for someone from Liverpool -->
| population_note         =
<!-- demographics (section 1) -->
| demographics_type1      = Population groups
| demographics1_footnotes =<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.statssa.gov.za/publications/P0301/P0301.pdf |format=PDF |title=Statistical release P0301: Community Survey, 2007 (Revised version) |publisher=Statistics South Africa |page=25 |accessdate=7 October 2009}}</ref>
| demographics1_title1    = [[Black fowk|Black African]]
| demographics1_info1     = 75.2%
| demographics1_title2    = [[White Sooth African|White]]
| demographics1_info2     = 18.4%
| demographics1_title3    = [[Coloured]]
| demographics1_info3     = 3.7%
| demographics1_title4    = [[Indie Sooth African|Indie]] or [[Asie Sooth African|Asie]]
| demographics1_info4     = 2.7%
<!-- demographics (section 2) -->
| demographics_type2      = Leids
| demographics2_footnotes =<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.statssa.gov.za/timeseriesdata/pxweb2006/Dialog/varval.asp?ma=Language%20by%20province&ti=Table%3A+Census+2001+by+province%2C+language%2C+population+group+and++gender%2E&path=../Database/South%20Africa/Population%20Census/Census%202001%20-%20NEW%20Demarcation%20boundaries%20as%20at%209%20December%202005/Provincial%20level%20-%20Persons/&lang=1 |title=Table: Census 2001 by province, language, population group and gender. |work=Census 2001 Interactive Tables |publisher=Statistics South Africa |accessdate=28 January 2010 |archive-date=2012-06-03 |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/688NEi6bD?url=http://www.statssa.gov.za/timeseriesdata/pxweb2006/Dialog/varval.asp?ma=Language%20by%20province |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| demographics2_title1    = [[Zulu leid|Zulu]]
| demographics2_info1     = 21.1%
| demographics2_title2    = [[Afrikaans leid|Afrikaans]]
| demographics2_info2     = 13.6%
| demographics2_title3    = [[Sotho leid|Sotho]]
| demographics2_info3     = 12.6%
| demographics2_title4    = [[Sooth African Inglis|Inglis]]
| demographics2_info4     = 12.0%
| demographics2_title5    = [[Northren Sotho leid|Northren Sotho]]
| demographics2_info5     = 11.2%
| demographics2_title6    = [[Xitsonga leid|Xitsonga]]
| demographics2_info6     = 5.2%
| demographics2_title7    = [[Tshivenda leid|Tshivenda]]
| demographics2_info7     = 4.2%

{{infobox cadmium}}
'''Cadmium''' is a [[chemical element]] wi the seembol '''Cd''' an [[atomic nummer]] 48. This saft, bluish-white metal is chemically seemilar tae the twa ither stable metals in [[group 12 element|group 12]], [[zinc]] an [[mercur (element)|mercur]]. Lik zinc, it prefers [[oxidation state]] +2 in maist o its compoonds an lik mercur it shaws a law meltin pynt compared tae [[transeetion metal]]s. Cadmium an its [[Congener (chemistry)|congeners]] are nae always considered transeetion metals, in that thay dae nae hae pairtly filled d or f electron shells in the elemental or common oxidation states. The average concentration o cadmium in the Yird's crust is atween 0.1 an 0.5 pairts per million (ppm). It wis discovered in 1817 simultaneously bi [[Friedrich Stromeyer|Stromeyer]] an [[Karl Samuel Leberecht Hermann|Hermann]], baith in Germany, as an impurity in [[zinc carbonate]].

{{aboot|the Philippine province}}

|Lageplan          = Doerphof in RD.png
|Bundesland        = Schleswig-Holstein
|Kreis             = Rendsburg-Eckernförde
|Amt               = Schlei-Ostsee
|Höhe              = 7
|Fläche            = 15.02
|Einwohner         = 744
|Stand             = 2006-12-31
|PLZ               = 24398
|Vorwahl           = 04644
|Kfz               = RD
|Gemeindeschlüssel = 01 0 58 042
|NUTS              = DEF0B
|Adresse-Verband   = Wulfsteert 45<br />24340 Eckernförde
|Website           = [http://www.amt-schlei-ostsee.de www.amt-schlei-<br />ostsee.de]
|Bürgermeister     = Hans-Peter Thomsen
}}

{{fixscots}}
'''Inveresk Lodge Garden''' is a [[gairden]] in the care o the [[National Trust for Scotland]], in the veelage o [[Inveresk]], [[East Lothian]], sooth o [[Musselburgh]].

A '''hormone''' (frae [[Greek leid|Greek]] {{lang|grc|ὁρμή}}, "impetus") is ony member o a cless o signalin molecules produced bi [[gland]]s in [[multicellular organism]]s that are transportit bi the [[circulatory system]] tae target distant organs tae regulate physiology and behaviour. Hormones hae diverse chemical structurs, mainly o 3 clesses: [[eicosanoid]]s, [[steroid]]s, an [[amino acid]]/[[protein]] derivatives ([[amine]]s, [[peptide]]s, an [[protein]]s). The glands that secrete hormones comprise the [[endocrine system|endocrine seegnalin system]]. The term hormone is whiles extendit tae include chemicals produced bi cells that affect the same cell ([[autocrine signaling|autocrine]] or [[intracrine|intracrine seegnallin]]) or nearbi cells ([[paracrine seegnallin]]).

{{Year dab|1932}}
{{Year nav|1932}}
Year '''1932''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MCMXXXII]]''') wis a [[leap year]] stairtin on a [[Friday]] o the [[Gregorian calendar]].

The wirds '''Celt''' an '''Celtic''' haes mony meanins an can be said in twa weys.

{{Chembox
| Verifiedfields = 
| Watchedfields =
| verifiedrevid = 455316358
| ImageFile = Cornstarch_mixed_with_water.jpg
| ImageSize =
| ImageName = Cornstairch bein mixed wi watter
| IUPACName =
| OtherNames =
|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
| CASNo = 9005-25-8
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| EC_number = 232-679-6
| RTECS = GM5090000
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|changed|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = none
  }}
|Section2={{Chembox Properties
| Formula = ({{chem|C|6|H|10|O|5|)|''n''</sub> -{{Sp}}|(|H|2|O|)}}
| MolarMass = Variable
| Appearance = White pouder
| Density = Variable<ref>{{cite book | title = Starch: Chemistry and Technology | editor1 = Roy L. Whistler|editor2=James N. BeMiller|editor3=Eugene F. Paschall | publisher = Academic Press | date = 2012 | page = 220 | quote = Starch has variable density depending on botanical origin, prior treatment, and method of measurement }}</ref>
| Solubility = insoluble (see [[starch gelatinization]])
| MeltingPt = decomposes
  }}
| Section4 = {{Chembox Thermochemistry
| Thermochemistry_ref =
| HeatCapacity = 
| Entropy = 
| DeltaHf = 
| DeltaGf =
| DeltaHc ={{convert|4.1788|kcal/g|kJ/g}}<ref name=CRC>''[[CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics]]'', 49th edition, 1968-1969, p. D-188.</ref> ([[Heicher heatin vailyie]])
  }}
|Section7={{Chembox Hazards
| ExternalSDS = [http://www.inchem.org/documents/icsc/icsc/eics1553.htm ICSC 1553]
| AutoignitionPtC = 410
| PEL = TWA 15 mg/m<sup>3</sup> (total) TWA 5 mg/m<sup>3</sup> (resp)<ref>{{PGCH|0567}}</ref>
  }}
}}
'''Stairch''' or '''amylum''' is a [[carbohydrate]] consistin o a muckle nummer o [[glucose]] units jyned bi [[glycosidic bond]]s. This [[polysaccharide]] is produced bi maist green [[plant]]s as energy storage. It is the maist common carbohydrate in human diets an is conteened in muckle amoonts in [[staple fuid]]s lik [[tattie]]s, [[wheat]], [[maize]] (corn), [[rice]], an [[cassava]].

[[Image:Apostol-Andrey-Pervozvannyj.jpg|thumb|250px|right|[[Saunt Andra]] is the patron saunt o Scotland.]]

{{short description|Japanese varsity}}

The '''halogens''' or '''halogen elements''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|h|æ|l|ɵ|dʒ|ɨ|n}}) are a [[group (periodic table)|group]] in the [[periodic table]] consistin o five chemically relatit [[chemical element|elements]], [[fluorine]] (F), [[chlorine]] (Cl), [[bromine]] (Br), [[iodine]] (I), an [[astatine]] (At). The airtifeecially creatit element 117 ([[ununseptium]]) mey an aa be a halogen. In the modren [[IUPAC]] nomenclatur, this group is kent as '''group 17'''.

'''Réunion''' ({{lang-fr|La Réunion}}, {{IPA-fr|la 'ʁeynjɔ̃|IPA|Lareunion.ogg}}; previously ''Île Bourbon'') is a [[Fraunce|French]] island wi a population o aboot 800,000 locatit in the [[Indie Ocean]], east o [[Madagascar]], aboot {{convert|200|km|mi}} sooth wast o [[Mauritius]], the nearest island.

diagram o a [[micelle]] o ile in aqueous suspension, such as micht occur in an [[emulsion]] o ile in watter. In this example the surfactant molecules' ile-soluble tails project intae the ile, while the watter-soluble ends remain in contact wi the watter phase]]
'''Surfactants''' are compoonds that lawer the [[surface tension]] (or interfacial tension) atween twa liquids or atween a liquid an a solit. Surfactants mey act as [[detergent]]s, [[wettin]] agents, [[emulsion#Emulsifiers|emulsifiers]], [[foamin agent]]s, an [[dispersant]]s.

{{fixscots}}
{{taxobox
|image =Starr_020323-0062_Solanum_seaforthianum.jpg
|image_width = 240px
|image_caption = Brazilian Nichtshade (''[[Solanum seaforthianum]]'')
|regnum = [[Plant]]ae
|unranked_divisio = [[Flouerin plant|Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Asterids]]
|ordo = [[Solanales]]
|familia = [[Solanaceae]]
|subfamilia = [[Solanoideae]] 
|tribus = [[Solaneae]]
|genus = '''''Solanum'''''
|genus_authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]<ref name=grin>{{cite web | url = http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/genus.pl?11264 | title = ''Solanum'' L. | work = Germplasm Resources Information Network | publisher = United States Department of Agriculture | date = 2009-09-01 | accessdate = 2013-07-15 | archive-date = 2013-10-30 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131030153342/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/genus.pl?11264 | url-status = dead }}</ref>
|subdivision_ranks = [[Subgenera]]
|subdivision = ''Bassovia''<br />
''Leptostemonum''<br />
''Lyciosolanum''<br />
''Solanum''<br />
(but see text)
|synonyms = ''Androcera'' <small>Nutt.</small><br />
''Aquartia'' <small>Jacq.</small><br />
''Artorhiza'' <small>Raf.</small><br />
''Bassovia'' <small>Aubl.</small><br />
''Battata'' <small>Hill</small><br />
''Bosleria'' <small>A.Nelson</small><br />
''Ceranthera'' <small>Raf.</small><br />
''Cliocarpus'' <small>Miers</small><br />
''[[Cyphomandra]]'' <small>Mart. ex Sendtn.</small><br />
''Diamonon'' <small>Raf.</small><br />
''Dulcamara'' <small>Moench</small><br />
''[[Lycopersicon]]'' <small>Mill.</small><br />
''Melongena'' <small>Mill.</small><br />
''Normania'' <small>Lowe</small><br />
''Nycterium'' <small>Vent.</small><br />
''Ovaria'' <small>Fabr.</small><br />
''Parmentiera'' <small>Raf. (''non'' DC.: [[Parmentiera|preoccupied]])</small><br />
''Petagnia'' <small>Raf.</small><br />
''Pheliandra'' <small>Werderm.</small><br />
''Pseudocapsicum'' <small>Medik.</small><br />
''Scubulus'' <small>Raf.</small><br />
''Solanastrum'' <small>Fabr.</small><br />
''Solanocharis'' <small>Bitter</small><br />
''Solanopsis'' <small>Bitter</small><br />
''Triguera'' <small>Cav.</small>
|}}

'''Militar''' haes twa braid meanin. Firstlins it forordnar refers ti sodgers an sodgerin. Seicont it refers ti airmed forces as a hail. Ower the yeirs, militar units haes cum in aw shapes an sizes. Thay hae been as wee as a gowpen mediaeval peasants baundit thegither for battil unner thair feudal laird or as mukkil as the invasion force creatit in 1944 for [[D-Day]]. Thay can be organised sae stieve as the impis o Shaka Zulu or naur-haund autonomous lyk the Knichts Templar durin the [[Crusades]]. Sum states - for ensaumple, [[Spartae]] or mair recent [[Proushae]] - haes e'en pitten militar pouer at the hert o govrenment. The fifteetwoo Lolawnd volentrees ar alsu called the o "6 SCOTS".
{{Commonscat}}

{{taxobox
|name = Tulip
|image = Tulipa suaveolens floriade to Canberra.jpg
|image_caption = Cultivated tulip – [[Floriade, Canberra|Floriade]] 2005, [[Canberra]]
|regnum = [[Plantae]]
|divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|cotyledons_classis = [[Monocots]]
|ordo = [[Liliales]]
|familia = [[Liliaceae]]
|subfamilia = [[Lilioideae]]
|genus = '''''Tulipa'''''
|subdivision_ranks =
|subdivision =
|}}

'''Temple Balsall''' ({{gbmapping|SP207760}}) is a hamlet athin the [[Metropolitan Borough of Solihull]] in the [[Ingland|Inglis]] [[Wast Midlands (coonty)|West Midlands]], situatit atween the lairge veelages o [[Knowle]] an [[Balsall Common]]. It wis umwhile in [[Warwickshire]].

| native_name             = {{lower|0.1em|{{nobold|제주도}}}}
| native_name_lang        = ko
| settlement_type         = [[Provinces o Sooth Korea|Special Admeenistrative Province]]
| translit_lang1          = Korean
| translit_lang1_type     = Hangul
| translit_lang1_info     = {{linktext|제|주|특|별|자|치|도}}
| translit_lang1_type1    = Hanja
| translit_lang1_info1    = {{lang|ko|{{linktext|濟|州|特|別|自|治|道}}}}
| translit_lang1_type2    = McCune‑Reischauer
| translit_lang1_info2    = Cheju T'ŭkpyŏl Chach'ido
| translit_lang1_type3    = Revised&nbsp;Romanization
| translit_lang1_info3    = Jeju Teukbyeoljachi-do
| image_flag = Flag of Jeju (1969–2009).svg
| image_blank_emblem      = Seal of Jeju.svg
| image_map               = Jeju-teukbyeoljachi-do in South Korea.svg
| coordinates             = 
| subdivision_type        = Kintra
| subdivision_name        = [[Sooth Korea]]
| subdivision_type1       = Region
| subdivision_name1       = Jeju
| seat_type               = [[Leet o caipitals in Sooth Korea|Caipital]]
| seat                    = [[Jeju Ceety]]
| parts_type              = Subdiveesions
| parts_style             = <!-- list, coll (collapsed list), para (paragraph format) -->
| parts                   = 2 ceeties; 0 coonties
| leader_title            = Govrenor
| leader_name             = [[Won Hee-ryong|Won Hui-ryong]] ([[Bareun Party|Bareun]])
| area_total_km2          = 1,849
| area_rank               = 9t
| population_footnotes    = 
| population_total        = 604,771
| population_as_of        = October, 2014
| population_rank         = 9t
| population_density_km2  = 327.1
| demographics_type1      = Metropolitan Seembols
| demographics1_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| demographics1_title1    = Flouer
| demographics1_info1     = [[Rhododendron]]
| demographics1_title2    = Tree
| demographics1_info2     = [[Cinnamomum camphora]]
| demographics1_title3    = Bird
| demographics1_info3     = [[Widpecker]]
| demographics1_title4    = Jeju
| demographics1_info4     = 
| demographics1_title5    = 
| demographics1_info5     = 
| blank_name_sec1         = Dialect
| blank_info_sec1         = [[Jeju dialect|Jeju]]
| website                 = [http://english.jeju.go.kr/ Offeecial Wabsteid]
| footnotes               =
| postal_code        = 690-000~699-999
| area_code          = +82-64-7xx
}}

'''Nazism''' (''Nationalsozialismus'', '''Naitional Socialism'''; alternatively spelled '''Naziism''' wis the [[ideology]] an practice o the [[Nazi Party]] an o [[Nazi Germany]]. It wis a unique variety o [[fascism]] that involved [[Scientific racism|biological racism]] an [[antisemitism]]. Nazism presented itself as [[Syncretic politics|politically syncretic]], incorporating policies, tactics an philosophies frae [[Left–right politics|right- an left-wing]] ideologies; in practice, Nazism wis a [[Far-right politics|far right]] form o politics.

|Lageplan          = Stangheck in SL.PNG
|Bundesland        = Schleswig-Holstein
|Kreis             = Schleswig-Flensburg
|Amt               = Geltinger Bucht
|Höhe              = 33
|Fläche            = 10.00
|Einwohner         = 244
|Stand             = 2006-12-31
|PLZ               = 24395
|Vorwahl           = 04643
|Kfz               = SL
|Gemeindeschlüssel = 01 0 59 163
|NUTS              = DEF0C
|Adresse-Verband   = Holmlück 2<br />24972 Steinbergkirche
|Website           = [http://www.amt-steinbergkirche.de/ www.amt-<br />steinbergkirche.de]
|Bürgermeister     = Helmut Erichsen
|Partei            =
}}

{{short description|Japanese Go player}}

</ref>
 | map = 
 | status = [[Ceremonial coonties o Ingland|Ceremonial]] an [[Metropolitan an nan-metropolitan coonties o Ingland|nan-metropolitan]] coonty
 | region = [[Sooth East Ingland]]
 | arearank = [[Leet o ceremonial coonties o Ingland bi aurie|Rankit 22nt]]
 | area_km2 = 2605
 | adminarearank = [[Leet o admeenistrative shire coonties o Ingland bi aurie|Rankit 19t]]
 | adminhq = [[Oxford]]
 | iso = GB-OXF
 | ons = 38
 | nutscode =
 | nuts3 = UKJ14
 | poprank = [[Leet o ceremonial coonties o Ingland bi population|Rankit {{English cerem counties|RNK=Oxfordshire}}]]
 | popestdate =
 | pop = {{English cerem counties|POP=Oxfordshire}}
 | density_km2 = {{English cerem counties|DEN=Oxfordshire}}
 | adminpoprank = [[Leet o nan-metropolitan coonties o Ingland bi population|Rankit {{English admin counties|RNK=Oxfordshire}}]]
 | adminpop =
 | ethnicity = 95.1% White<br />1.7% S. Asie
 | council = <br />Oxfordshire County Council<br />http://www.oxfordshire.gov.uk
 | mps =
* [[Tony Baldry]] [[Conservative Pairty (UK)|(C)]]
* [[David Cameron]] [[Conservative Pairty (UK)|(C)]]
* [[Nicola Blackwood]] [[Conservative Pairty (UK)|(C)]]
* [[John Howell (politeecian)|John Howell]] [[Conservative Pairty (UK)|(C)]]
* [[Andrew Smith (politeecian)|Andrew Smith]] [[Labour Pairty (UK)|(L)]]
* [[Ed Vaizey]] [[Conservative Party (UK)|(C)]]
 | subdivname =
 | subdivmap = [[Image:OxfordshireNumbered.png]]
 | subdivs =
# [[Oxford]]
# [[Cherwell (destrict)|Cherwell]]
# [[South Oxfordshire]]
# [[Vale of White Horse]]
# [[West Oxfordshire]]
}}

|birth_place      = [[Cherbourg-Octeville|Cherbourg]], [[Fraunce]]
|death_date       = {{Death date and age|1980|3|26|1915|11|12|df=yes}}
|death_place      = [[Paris]], [[Fraunce]]
|alma_mater       = [[Varsity o Paris]] (MA, 1941)
|school_tradition = [[Structuralism]]<br/>[[Semiotics]]<br/>[[Post-structuralism]]
|main_interests   = [[Semiotics]]<br/>[[Literary theory]]<br/>[[Narratology]]<br/>[[Lingueestics]]
|notable_ideas    = Structural analysis o [[narrative]]s<ref>Roland Barthes, [http://www.persee.fr/doc/comm_0588-8018_1966_num_8_1_1113 "Introduction à l'analyse structurale des récits"], ''Communications'', '''8'''(1), 1966, pp. 1–27, translated as "Introduction to the Structural Analysis of Narratives", in: Roland Barthes, ''Image–Music–Text'', essays selected and translated by Stephen Heath, New York 1977, pp. 79–124.</ref><br/>[[Daith o the author]]<br/>[[Writin degree zero]]<br/>[[Effect o reality]]
|influences       = [[Ferdinand de Saussure|Saussure]] · [[Karl Marx|Marx]] · [[Friedrich Nietzsche|Nietzsche]]<ref>Réda Bensmaïa, ''The Barthes Effect: The Essay as Reflective Text'', University of Minnesota Press, 1987, p. 112 n. 74: "On all these pages [of ''Le plaisir du texte''], Barthes refers directly to Nietzsche whom he quotes, mentions, or "translates" freely.."</ref> · [[Sigmund Freud|Freud]] · [[Jacques Lacan|Lacan]] · [[Jean-Paul Sartre|Sartre]] · [[Georges Bataille|Bataille]] · [[Jules Michelet|Michelet]] · [[Paul Valéry|Valéry]]
|influenced       = [[Michel Foucault]] · [[Julia Kristeva]] · [[James Wood (critic)|James Wood]] · [[Eric de Kuyper]] · [[Philippe-Joseph Salazar]] · [[Gérard Genette]] · [[Susan Sontag]] · [[Benoît Peeters]]
|signature        = Roland Barthes signature.svg
}}
'''Roland Gérard Barthes''' ({{IPA-fr|ʁɔlɑ̃ baʁt|lang}}; 12 November 1915 – 26 March<ref>Roland A. Champagne, [https://books.google.com/books?id=6gJ-8LjAZvAC&dq= ''Literary History in the Wake of Roland Barthes: Re-Defining the Myths of Reading''], Summa Publications, Inc., 1984, p. vii.</ref><!--Britannica Online Encyclopedia gives 25 March--> 1980) wis a [[Fraunce|French]] literary theorist, [[philosopher]], [[Linguistics|linguist]], [[critic]], an [[Semiotics|semiotician]]. Barthes' ideas explored a diverse range o fields an he influenced the development o schuils o theory includin [[structuralism]], [[semiotics]], social theory, design theory, [[anthropology]] an post-structuralism.

| birth_place  = [[Soho]], Lunnon, Great Breetain
| death_date   = {{death date and age|df=yes|1827|08|12|1757|11|28}}
| death_place  = [[Charing Cross]], Lunnon, Great Breetain<ref name="death">{{cite web|title=Blake & London|url=http://www.blakesociety.org/about-blake/blake-london/|publisher=The Blake Society|accessdate=15 August 2014|date=28 March 2008|archive-date=2015-09-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150915004604/http://www.blakesociety.org/about-blake/blake-london/|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| occupation   = [[Poet]], [[Painter|painter]], [[prentmakker]]
| spouse       = [[Catherine Blake|Catherine Boucher]] (1782–1827, his daith)
| movement     = [[Romanticism]]
| genre        = Veesionary, poetry
| notableworks = ''[[Sangs o Innocence an o Experience]]'', ''[[The Marriage o Hiven an Hell]]'', ''[[Vala, or The Fower Zoas|The Fower Zoas]]'', ''[[Jerusalem: The Emanation o the Giant Albion|Jerusalem]]'', ''[[Milton: A Poem in Twa Beuks|Milton]]'', ''[[An did those feet in auncient time]]''
|[[John Gardner]], [[Clive Barker]], [[Kenzaburō Ōe]], [[Paulo Coelho]], [[Jim Morrison]], [[Aldous Huxley]], [[Bob Dylan]], [[Ben Okri]], [[Pete Doherty]], [[E. P. Thompson]], [[Cardiacs]], [[Alan Moore]], [[Jim Jarmusch]]
| signature    = William Blake signature.svg
}}
'''William Blake''' (28 November 1757&nbsp;– 12 August 1827) wis an Inglis poet, penter, an prentmakker. Lairgely unrecognised in his lifetime, Blake is nou conseedert a seminal feegur in the history o the [[poetry]] an veesual airts o the [[Romanticism|Romantic Age]]. Whit he cried his [[William Blake's prophetic beuks|prophetic warks]] war said bi 20t-century creetic [[Northrop Frye]] tae form "whit is in proportion tae its meerits the least read bouk o poetry in the Inglis leid".<ref>Frye, Northrop and Denham, Robert D. ''Collected Works of Northrop Frye''. 2006, pp 11–12.</ref> His veesual airtistry led 21st-century creetic [[Jonathan Jones (jurnalist)|Jonathan Jones]] tae proclaim him "faur an awey the greatest airtist Breetain haes iver produced".<ref>{{cite web | author=Jones, Jonathan| title= Blake's heaven |work=The Guardian |location=UK | url=https://www.theguardian.com/arts/critic/feature/0,1169,1469584,00.html |date=25 April 2005}}</ref> In 2002, Blake was placed at number 38 in the BBC's poll of the [[100 Greatest Britons]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/programmes/greatbritons/list.shtml/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20021204214727/http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/programmes/greatbritons/list.shtml/|archivedate=4 December 2002|title=BBC – Great Britons – Top 100|work=[[Internet Archive]]|accessdate=12 April 2013}}</ref> While he lived in Lunnon his entire life, except for three years spent in [[Felpham]],<ref>Thomas, Edward. ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=bilDAAAAIAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=A+Literary+Pilgrim+in+England A Literary Pilgrim in England]''. 1917, p. 3.</ref> he produced a diverse an seembolically rich ''[[wark o airt|œuvre]]'', that embraced the eemagination as "the bouk o God"<ref>[[W. B. Yeats|Yeats, W. B.]] ''The Collected Works of W. B. Yeats''. 2007, p. 85.</ref> or "human existence itself".<ref>Wilson, Mona. ''The Life of William Blake''. The Nonesuch Press, 1927. p. 167.</ref>

| birth_place = [[Grenoble]], Fraunce
| death_date = {{death date and age|1842|3|23|1783|1|23|df=y}}
| death_place = Paris, Fraunce
| occupation = Writer
| buried = [[Cimetière de Montmartre]]
| movement = [[Realism (airts)|Realism]]
| influences = [[William Shakespeare]], [[William Hazlitt]], [[Encyclopédistes]]
| influenced = [[Friedrich Nietzsche]], [[Mihail Sebastian]], [[Saul Bellow]], [[Doris Lessing]], [[Marcel Proust]], [[John Dos Passos]], [[Émile Zola]], [[Leo Tolstoy]], [[Carlos Fuentes]], [[Alice Munro]], [[James Joyce]],<ref>"Passion was his raison d'être, and that surely is the religion of all romantics—exaltation through the passions... Stendhal was a product of the Napoleonic age, when the French saw themselves as world conquerors, and his attitude was such. But putting that aside one must admit that La Chartreuse is a good book in the romantic tradition... few men have conveyed passion with such intensity as he has... [examples] His description of their emotional frenzy is magnificent... Stendhal never became sentimental and soft the way Thackeray did, especially over women; in his greatest extravagance he remains hard and glittering... but Thackeray has something which Stendhal did not have: humour." [http://www.saylor.org/site/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/James-Joyce-Literary-Tastes.pdf]</ref> [[Grigol Robakidze]]
| website =
}}
'''Marie-Henri Beyle''' ({{IPA-fr|bɛl|lang}}; 23 Januar 1783 – 23 Mairch 1842), better kent bi his [[pen name]] '''Stendhal''' ({{IPA-fr|stɛ̃dal|lang}} or {{IPA-fr|stɑ̃dal|}};<ref>The pronunciation {{IPA-fr|stɛ̃dal|}} is the maist common in Fraunce the day, as shawn bi the entry "stendhalien" ({{IPA-fr|stɛ̃daljɛ̃|}}) in the Petit Robert dictionary an bi the pronunciation recordit on the authoritative wabsteid [http://www.rightpronunciation.com/details.asp?id=3491&id2=30 Pronny the pronouncer] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160308151457/http://rightpronunciation.com/details.asp?id=3491&id2=30 |date=2016-03-08 }}, which is run bi a professor o lingueestics an records the pronunciations o heichly eddicated native speakers. The pronunciation {{IPA-fr|stɑ̃dal|}} is less common in Fraunce the day, but wis presumably the maist common ane in 19t-century Fraunce an perhaps the ane preferred bi Stendhal, as shawn bi the at the time well-kent phrase "Stendhal, c'est un scandale" as explained on page 88 o [https://books.google.com/books?hl=fr&id=KjC041e87qkC&dq=stendhal+pronunciation&q=scandale#v=snippet&q=scandale&f=false Stendhal: The Red and the Black] bi Stirling Haig. On the ither haund, mony obituaries uised the spellin "Styndal", which clearly indicates that the pronunciation {{IPA-fr|stɛ̃dal|}} wis an aa already common at the time o his daith (see [https://books.google.com/books?ei=eb0gUrP_BqOs4ATCj4GICQ&hl=fr&id=PNcqAAAAMAAJ&dq=stendhal+prononciation+stendal&q=stendal#search_anchor Literaturblatt für germanische und romanische Philologie, Volumes 57 tae 58] [in German], p. 175). Syne Stendhal haed lived an traiveled extensively in Germany, it is o coorse an aa possible that he in fact pronoonced his name as the German ceety {{IPA-de|ˈʃtɛndaːl|}} uisin {{IPA|/ɛn/}} instead o {{IPA|/ɛ̃/}} (an perhaps an aa wi {{IPA|/ʃ/}} instead o {{IPA|/s/}}) an that some French speakers approximatit this but that maist uised ane o the twa common French pronunciations o the spellin "en" ({{IPA-fr|ɑ̃|}} an {{IPA-fr|ɛ̃|}}).</ref>), wis a 19t-century French writer. Best kent for the novelles ''Le Rouge et le Noir'' (''[[The Reid an the Black]]'', 1830) an ''La Chartreuse de Parme'' (''[[The Chairterhoose o Parma]]'', 1839), he is heichly regairdit for the acute analysis o his chairacters' psychology an conseedert ane o the earliest an foremaist practeetioners o [[realism (airts)|realism]].

{{chembox
<!-- please see [[Polytetrafluoroethylene (data page)]] for the full transcluded template. -->
| Verifiedfields = changed
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 477171888
| ImageFile = Polytetrafluoroethylene.svg
| ImageSize = 130px
| ImageFile1 = Perfluorodecyl-chain-from-xtal-Mercury-3D-balls.png
| ImageSize1 = 250px
| IUPACName = poly(1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethylene)<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=53251 | title=poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (CHEBI:53251) | accessdate=July 12, 2012|work=ebi.ac.uk}}</ref>
| SystematicName =
| OtherNames = Syncolon, Fluon, Poly(tetrafluoroethene), Poly(difluoromethylene), Poly(tetrafluoroethylene)
|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
| Abbreviations = PTFE
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|changed|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = none
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|changed|EBI}}
| ChEBI = 53251
| PubChem =
| CASNo = 9002-84-0
| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|changed|kegg}}=
| KEGG = D08974}}
|Section2={{Chembox Properties
| Formula = (C<sub>2</sub>F<sub>4</sub>)<sub>n</sub>
| Density = 2200 kg/m<sup>3</sup>
| MeltingPt = 600&nbsp;[[Kelvin|K]]<br>327&nbsp;°[[Celsius|C]]
| ThermalConductivity = 0.25&nbsp;W/(m·K)
}}
|Section7={{Chembox Hazards
| NFPA-H = 1
| NFPA-F = 0
| NFPA-R = 0
}}
}}
'''Polytetrafluoroethylene''' ('''PTFE''') is a synthetic [[fluoropolymer]] o [[tetrafluoroethylene]] that haes numerous applications. The best kent brand name o PTFE-based formulas is '''Teflon''' bi [[Chemours]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web
| url = https://www.chemours.com/Teflon/en_US/
| title = Teflon ™{{!}} Chemours Teflon™ Nonstick Coatings and Additives
| website = www.chemours.com
| access-date = 2016-03-01
| archive-date = 2016-03-04
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160304202634/https://www.chemours.com/Teflon/en_US/
| url-status = dead
}}</ref>

{{Unsoorced}}

instead -->
| type                    = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment]]
| image_skyline           = Préfecture de la Marne (51).jpg
| image_alt               = 
| image_caption           = [[Prefecturs in Fraunce|Prefectur]] biggin o the Marne depairtment, in Châlons-en-Champagne
| image_flag              = 
| flag_alt                = 
| image_shield            = Blason département fr Marne.svg
| shield_alt              = 
| nickname                = 
| motto                   = 
| image_map               = Marne-Position.svg
| map_alt                 = 
| map_caption             = Location o Marne in Fraunce
| pushpin_map             = 
| pushpin_label_position  = 
| pushpin_map_alt         = 
| pushpin_map_caption     = 
| coordinates             = {{coord|49|00|N|04|15|E|region:FR_type:adm2nd_scale:2000000|display=inline,title}}
| coor_pinpoint           = 
| coordinates_footnotes   = 
| subdivision_type        = [[Leet o sovereign states|Kintra]]
| subdivision_name        = [[Fraunce]]
| subdivision_type1       = [[Regions o Fraunce|Region]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[Champagne-Ardenne]]
| established_title       = 
| established_date        = 
| founder                 = 
| seat_type               = [[Prefecturs in Fraunce|Prefectur]]
| seat                    = [[Châlons-en-Champagne]]
| parts_type              = [[Subprefecturs in Fraunce|Subprefecturs]]
| parts_style             = para
| p1                      = [[Épernay]]<br>[[Reims]]<br>[[Sainte-Menehould]]<br>[[Vitry-le-François]]
| government_footnotes    = 
| leader_party            = 
| leader_title            = [[Preses o the general cooncil|Preses o the General Cooncil]]
| leader_name             = [[René-Paul Savary]]
| unit_pref               = Metric<!-- or US or UK -->
| area_magnitude          = 
| area_footnotes          = {{ref|area|1}}
| area_total_km2          = 8162
| area_note               = 
| elevation_footnotes     = 
| elevation_m             = 
| elevation_min_m         = 
| elevation_max_m         = 
| population_footnotes    = 
| population_total        = 568750
| population_as_of        = 2012
| population_rank         = [[Leet o French depairtments bi population|45t]]
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_demonym      = 
| population_note         = 
| blank_name_sec1         = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment nummer]]
| blank_info_sec1         = 51
| blank_name_sec2         = [[Arrondissements o Fraunce|Arrondissements]]
| blank_info_sec2         = [[arrondissements o the Marne depairtment|5]]
| blank1_name_sec2        = [[Cantons in Fraunce|Cantons]]
| blank1_info_sec2        = [[cantons o the Marne depairtment|44]]
| blank2_name_sec2        = [[Communes in Fraunce|Communes]]
| blank2_info_sec2        = [[communes o the Marne depairtment|620]]
| timezone1               = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset1             = +1
| timezone1_DST           = [[Central European Simmer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset1_DST         = +2
| postal_code_type        = 
| postal_code             = 
| area_code_type          = 
| area_code               = 
| iso_code                = 
| website                 = 
| footnotes               = {{note|area|1}} French Land Register data, which exclude [[estuary|estuaries]], an lochs, ponds, an glaciers lairger nor 1 km<sup>2</sup>
}}
'''Marne''' ({{IPA-fr|maʁn}}) is a [[depairtments o Fraunce|depairtment]] in north-eastren [[Fraunce]] named efter the river [[Marne (river)|Marne]] (''Matrona'' in Roman times) at fleets throuch the depairtment.

(goddess o love) is eften uised tae represent the female sex an is the [[alchemical seembol]] for copper.]]
'''Female''' (♀) is the [[sex]] o an [[organism]], or a pairt o an organism, that produces non-mobile [[ovum|ova]] (egg cells). Maist female [[mammal]]s, includin female humans, hae twa [[X chromosome]]s.
{{see also|Female reproductive seestem|female genital mittlin}}
{{authority control}}
[[Category:Females| ]]
[[Category:Gender]]
[[Category:Sex]]
[[Category:Weemen]]

{{unsoorced}}'''Neo-Nazism''' consists o post-Warld War II social or politeecal movements seekin tae revive Nazism or some variant thereo. The term neo-Nazism can an aa refer tae the ideology o thae movements.

{{infobox UK place
| country = Scotland
| official_name= Dumbarton
| gaelic_name= Dùn Breatann<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.gaelicplacenames.org/databasedetails.php?id=785 |title=Ainmean-Àite na h-Alba ~ Gaelic Place-Names of Scotland |publisher=Gaelicplacenames.org |date= |accessdate=2014-05-30 |archive-date=2015-09-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924020533/http://www.gaelicplacenames.org/databasedetails.php?id=785 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| scots_name= Dumbarton
| population = 20,527
| population_ref =<ref>{{cite web|publisher=Scotland's Census Results Online|title=Comparative Population Profile: Dumbarton Locality|url=http://www.scrol.gov.uk/scrol/browser/profile.jsp?profile=Population&mainArea=dumbarton&mainLevel=Locality|date=2001-04-29|accessdate=2008-09-02|archive-date=2009-03-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090329002533/http://www.scrol.gov.uk/scrol/browser/profile.jsp?profile=Population&mainArea=dumbarton&mainLevel=Locality|url-status=dead}}</ref> ([[United Kingdom Census 2001|2001 census]])<br />
est. 19,990<ref name="gro">{{cite web|url=http://www.gro-scotland.gov.uk/statistics/publications-and-data|title=Publications and Data|publisher=General Record Office for Scotland|access-date=2011-09-12|archive-date=2008-09-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080930182334/http://www.gro-scotland.gov.uk/statistics/publications-and-data|url-status=dead}}</ref> (2006)
| os_grid_reference= NS397759
| coordinates = {{coord|55.95|-4.566667|display=inline,title}}
| unitary_scotland= [[Wast Dunbartonshire]]
| lieutenancy_scotland= [[Dunbartonshire]]
| constituency_westminster= [[Wast Dunbairtonshire (UK Pairlament constituency)|West Dunbairtonshire]]
| constituency_scottish_parliament= [[Dumbairton (Scots Pairlament constituency)|Dumbairton]]
| post_town= DUMBARTON
| postcode_district = G82
| postcode_area= G
| dial_code= 01389
| edinburgh_distance= 54&nbsp;mi&nbsp;(87&nbsp;km)&nbsp;[[Boxin the compass|E]]
| london_distance= 356&nbsp;mi&nbsp;(574&nbsp;km)&nbsp;[[Boxin the compass|SSE]]
| static_image=
| static_image_caption=
 }}

'''Musselburrae Racecoorse''' is a [[horse racin]] venue locatit in the Millhill aurie o [[Musselburrae]], [[East Lowden]], [[Scotland]], [[UK]], close tae the [[River Esk, Lowden|River Esk]].

{{fixscots}}
{{taxobox
|image = Sorghum.jpg
|regnum = [[Plantae]]
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Monocots]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Commelinids]]
|ordo = [[Poales]]
|familia = [[Poaceae]]
|subfamilia = [[Panicoideae]]
|tribus = [[Andropogoneae]]
|genus = '''''Sorghum'''''
|genus_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]]
|subdivision_ranks = Species
|subdivision = Aboot 30 species, see text
|}}

}} ([[Khmer leid|Khmer]]) |''Preăh Réachéanachâk Kâmpŭchéa''}}
| image_flag = Flag of Cambodia.svg
| image_coat = Royal Arms of Cambodia.svg
| symbol_type = Ryal Airms
| national_motto = <br />{{lang|km|ជាតិ សាសនា ព្រះមហាក្សត្រ}}<br />"Nation, Religion, King"
| national_anthem = <br />''[[Nokor Reach]]''<br />{{small|''Majestic Kinrick''}} <center></center>
| image_map = Location Cambodia ASEAN.svg
| map_caption = {{map caption |location_color=green |region=[[ASEAN]] |region_color=dark grey |legend=Location Cambodia ASEAN.svg}}
| capital = [[Phnom Penh]]
| coordinates = {{Coord|11|33|N|104|55|E|type:city|display=inline,title}}
| largest_city = capital
| official_languages = [[Khmer leid|Khmer]]
| languages_type = Spoken leids
| languages = {{hlist|[[Cham leid|Cham]] | [[French leid|French]]}}
| languages2_type = Offeecial script
| languages2 = [[Khmer script]]
| ethnic_groups = {{unbulleted list
  | 97.6% [[Khmer fowk|Khmer]]
  | 1.2% [[Chams]]
  | 0.1% [[Vietnamese Cambodian|Vietnamese]]
  | 0.1% [[Cheenese fowk|Cheenese]]
  | 0.9% Ither
 }}
| ethnic_groups_year = 2013<ref name="CIACB">[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/cb.html Cambodia] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101229001224/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/cb.html |date=2010-12-29 }}. CIA World FactBook.</ref>
| demonym = Cambodian, Kampuchean
| government_type = [[Unitar state|Unitar]] [[dominant-party state|dominant-pairty]] [[Pairlamentar seestem|pairlamentar]] [[Elective monarchy|elective]] [[constitutional monarchy]]
| leader_title1 = [[Monarchy o Cambodie|Keeng]]
| leader_name1 = [[Norodom Sihamoni]]
| leader_title2 = [[Prime Meenister o Cambodie|Prime Meenister]]
| leader_name2 = [[Hun Manet]]
| leader_title3 = [[Leet o Preses o the Senate o Cambodie|Preses o the Senate]]
| leader_name3 = [[Say Chhum]]
| leader_title4 = [[Leet o Preses o the Naitional Assemmly o Cambodie|Preses o the Naitional Assemmly]]
| leader_name4 = [[Heng Samrin]]
| legislature = [[Pairlament o Cambodie|Pairlament]]
| upper_house = [[Senate o Cambodie|Senate]]
| lower_house = [[Naitional Assemmly o Cambodie|Naitional Assemmly]]
| sovereignty_type = [[History o Cambodie|Formation]]
| established_event1 = [[Funan (Sootheast Asie)|Kinrick o Funan]]
| established_date1 = 68–550
| established_event2 = [[Chenla|Kinrick o Chenla]]
| established_date2 = 550–706
| established_event3 = [[Khmer Empire]]
| established_date3 = 802–1431
| established_event4 = {{nowrap|[[Kinrick o Cambodie (1953–70)|Unthirldom]]<br />(frae [[Fraunce]])}}
| established_date4 = 9 November 1953
| established_event5 = {{nowrap|[[1991 Paris Peace Accords|Paris Peace Accords]]}}
| established_date5 = 23 October 1991
| established_event6 = {{nowrap|[[Modren Cambodie|Monarchy restored]]}}
| established_date6 = 24 September 1993
| established_event7 = [[ASEAN Declaration]]
| established_date7 = 30 Apryle 1999
| area_km2 = 181,035
| area_rank = 88t
| area_sq_mi = 69,898 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]-->
| percent_water = 2.5
| population_estimate = {{UN_Population|Cambodia}}{{UN_Population|ref}}
| population_census = 13,395,682<ref>[http://www.nis.gov.kh/ Cambodian National Institute of Statistics], accessed 6 June 2012.</ref>
| population_estimate_year = {{UN_Population|Year}}
| population_estimate_rank = 65t
| population_census_year = 2008
| population_density_km2 = 81.8
| population_density_sq_mi = 211.8 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]-->
| population_density_rank = 118t
| GDP_PPP = $64.405&nbsp;billion<ref name=imf2>{{cite web |url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2017/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=2017&ey=2022&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=522&s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a=&pr.x=43&pr.y=15 |title=Cambodia |publisher=International Monetary Fund }}</ref>
| GDP_PPP_year = 2017
| GDP_PPP_rank = 
| GDP_PPP_per_capita = $4,022<ref name=imf2/>
| GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 
| GDP_nominal = $20.953&nbsp;billion<ref name=imf2/>
| GDP_nominal_year = 2017
| GDP_nominal_rank = 
| GDP_nominal_per_capita = $1,308<ref name=imf2/>
| GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 
| Gini = 31.8 <!--number only-->
| Gini_year = 2011
| Gini_change = <!--increase/decrease/steady-->
| Gini_ref = <ref>{{cite web |url=http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI |title=GINI Index |work=Gini Index |publisher=World Bank |accessdate=29 August 2015}}</ref>
| HDI = 0.563 <!--number only-->
| HDI_year = 2015<!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year-->
| HDI_change = increase <!--increase/decrease/steady-->
| HDI_ref = <ref>{{cite web|url=http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/2016_human_development_report.pdf|title=2016 Human Development Report |publisher=United Nations|accessdate=21 March 2017}}</ref>
| HDI_rank = 143rd
| currency = [[Cambodie riel|Riel]]
| currency_code = KHR
| time_zone = [[Krasnoyarsk Time|KRAT]]/[[UTC+7|
ICT]]
| utc_offset = +07:00
| date_format = dd/mm/yyyy
| drives_on = right
| calling_code = [[Telephone nummers in Cambodie|+855]]
| cctld = [[.kh]]
| religion = {{small|Offeecial:}}<br />[[Buddhism|Theravada Buddhism]]<br />{{small|Ither releegions:}}<br />{{hlist|[[Islam]]|[[Christianity]]|ither}}
| area_magnitude = 
}}

'''Communism''' is a [[sociopolitical]] muivement that aims for a [[classless]] [[society]] [[Base an superstructure|structured]] upon communal awnership o the [[means o production]] an the end o [[wage labour]] an [[private property]].<ref name="columbia">{{Cite encyclopedia|title=[http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/communism.aspx Communism]|encyclopedia = Columbia Encyclopedia| year = 2008|accessdate = 29 November 2009}}</ref> The exact definition o communism varies an it is aften mistakenly uised interchangeably wi [[socialism]], howsomeivver, communist theory contends that socialism is juist a transitional stage on the wey tae communism.

{{aboot|the ceety|the province|Batangas}}
<!-- Infobox begins -->

A leet o places athort the hale o [[Scotland]].

The '''Gaza–Israel war''' is a localised pairt o the Israeli–Palestinian conflick beginnin in 1948, whan 200,000 Palestinians flichtit or wis herried oot frae thair hames, sattlin i the [[Gaza Strip]] as refugees. Sin syne, Israel hes focht 15<ref name="fifteenwars">{{Cite news|last=[[Jean-Pierre Filiu]]|title=French historian: Israel destroyed 4,000-year-old culture in Gaza|publisher=[[Al Jazeera Media Network|Al-Jazeera]]|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/program/the-bottom-line/2024/1/11/french-historian-israel-destroyed-4000-year-old-culture-in-gaza}}</ref> wars agin the Gaza Strip. The nummer o Gazans killt i the maist racent 2023-2024 war — 27,000 — is heicher nor the deith toll o aw ither wars o the Arab-Israeli conflict.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Stack|first=Liam|date=21 December 2023|title=Gaza Deaths Surpass Any Arab Loss in Wars With Israel in Past 40 Years|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/12/21/world/middleeast/gaza-death-toll-palestinians.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=2024-02-05|title=Live updates {{!}} Israeli strikes raise Gaza death toll as Blinken heads to Mideast|language=en-US|work=The Hill|agency=Associated Press|url=https://thehill.com/homenews/ap/ap-international/ap-live-updates-israeli-strikes-raise-gaza-death-toll-as-blinken-heads-to-mideast/|access-date=2024-02-05}}</ref>

== Scots ==
=== Noun ===
{{sco-noun}}
# Something that is postulatit tae hae occurred or tae be correct.

A '''biotope''' is an area o stieve environmental conditions giein scowth tae ae kynd o menyie o [[flora (plants)|plants]] an [[fauna (ainimals)|beasts]].

instead -->
| type                    = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment]]
| image_skyline           = Prefecture yvelines versailles.jpg
| image_alt               = 
| image_caption           = [[Prefecturs in Fraunce|Prefectur]] biggin o the Yvelines depairtment, in Versailles
| image_flag              =
| flag_alt                =
| image_shield            = Blason département fr Yvelines.svg
| shield_alt              =
| nickname                =
| motto                   =
| image_map               = Yvelines-Position.svg
| map_alt                 =
| map_caption             = Location o Yvelines in Fraunce
| pushpin_map             =
| pushpin_label_position  =
| pushpin_map_alt         =
| pushpin_map_caption     =
| coordinates             = {{coord|48|50|N|1|55|E|region:FR_type:adm2nd_scale:1000000|display=inline,title}}
| coor_pinpoint           =
| coordinates_footnotes   =
| subdivision_type        = [[Leet o sovereign states|Kintra]]
| subdivision_name        = [[Fraunce]]
| subdivision_type1       = [[Regions o Fraunce|Region]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[Île-de-France (region)|Île-de-France]]
| established_title       =
| established_date        =
| founder                 =
| seat_type               = [[Prefecturs in Fraunce|Prefectur]]
| seat                    = [[Versailles, Yvelines|Versailles]]
| parts_type              = [[Subprefecturs in Fraunce|Subprefecturs]]
| parts_style             = para
| p1                      = [[Mantes-la-Jolie]]<br>[[Rambouillet]]<br>[[Saint-Germain-en-Laye|Saint-Germain-<br>en-Laye]]
| government_footnotes    =
| leader_party            =
| leader_title            = [[Preses o the general cooncil|Preses o the General Cooncil]]
| leader_name             = [[Pierre Bédier]]
| unit_pref               = Metric<!-- or US or UK -->
| area_magnitude          =
| area_footnotes          = {{ref|area|1}}
| area_total_km2          = 2284
| area_note               =
| elevation_footnotes     =
| elevation_m             =
| elevation_min_m         =
| elevation_max_m         =
| population_footnotes    =
| population_total        = 1413635
| population_as_of        = 2011
| population_rank         = [[Leet o French depairtments bi population|9t]]
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_demonym      =
| population_note         =
| blank_name_sec1         = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment nummer]]
| blank_info_sec1         = 78
| blank_name_sec2         = [[Arrondissements o Fraunce|Arrondissements]]
| blank_info_sec2         = [[arrondissements o the Yvelines depairtment|4]]
| blank1_name_sec2        = [[Cantons in Fraunce|Cantons]]
| blank1_info_sec2        = [[cantons o the Yvelines depairtment|21]]
| blank2_name_sec2        = [[Communes in Fraunce|Communes]]
| blank2_info_sec2        = [[communes o the Yvelines depairtment|262]]
| timezone1               = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset1             = +1
| timezone1_DST           = [[Central European Simmer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset1_DST         = +2
| postal_code_type        =
| postal_code             =
| area_code_type          =
| area_code               =
| iso_code                =
| website                 =
| footnotes               = {{note|area|1}} French Land Register data, which exclude [[estuary|estuaries]], an lochs, ponds, an glaciers lairger nor 1 km<sup>2</sup>
}}
'''Yvelines''' ({{IPA-fr|ivlin}}) are a [[depairtments o Fraunce|French depairtment]] in the [[regions o Fraunce|admeenistrative region]] o [[Île-de-France (region)|Île-de-France]].

{{fixscots|date=Juin 2021}}

'''Anno Domini''' is [[Laitin]] for "''In the year o oor Laird''". It is pitten efter a year sae as no tae be rivet wi the years [[BC]].

{{italic title}}
{{taxobox
|name = Ribwort Plantain
|image = Ribwort 600.jpg
|regnum = [[Plantae]]
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Asterids]]
|ordo = [[Lamiales]]
|familia = [[Plantaginaceae]]
|genus = ''[[Plantago]]''
|species = '''''P. lanceolata'''''
|binomial = ''Plantago lanceolata''
|binomial_authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]
}}
'''''Plantago lanceolata''''', '''Johnsmas-flouer''', is a species o [[flouerin plant]] in the plantain faimily [[Plantaginaceae]].

in the [[Swiss Alps]] ([[Swiss Naitional Pairk|Naitional Pairk]])]]
A '''forest''', an aa referred tae as a '''wid''' or the '''wids''', is an aurie wi a heich density o [[trees]]. As wi ceeties, dependin on various cultural defineetions, what is considered a forest mey vary signeeficantly in size an hae different classifications accordin tae hou an o whit the forest is componed.<ref>Lund, H. Gyde (coord.) 2006. 'Definitions of Forest, Deforestation, Afforestation, and Reforestation'. Gainesville, VA: Forest Information Services. Available from: [http://home.comcast.net/~gyde/DEFpaper.htm ComcastNet-gyde].</ref>  A forest is uisually an aurie filled wi trees but ony taw densely packed aurie o vegetation mey be considered a forest, even unnerwatter vegetation sic as [[kelp forest]]s, or non-vegetation sic as [[fungi]],<ref>{{Cite book
  | last = Stamets
  | first = Paul
  | authorlink = Paul_Stamets
  | title = Mycelium Running
  | url = https://archive.org/details/myceliumrunningh00stam_0
  | publisher = Ten Speed Press
  | year = 2005
  | page = [https://archive.org/details/myceliumrunningh00stam_0/page/35 35]
  | isbn = 1-58008-579-2}}</ref> an [[bacteria]].  Tree forests kiver approximately 9.4 percent o the [[Yird]]'s surface (or 30 percent o tot land aurie), tho thay ance covered much mair (aboot 50 percent o tot land aurie).  Thay function as [[habitat (ecology)|habitat]]s for organisms, [[watter cycle|hydrologic flow]] [[modulator]]s, an [[syle]] conservers, constitutin ane o the maist important aspects o the [[biosphere]].

| birth_place   = [[Oxford]], Ingland
|death_date        = {{death date and age|2018|3|14|1942|1|8|df=dmy}}
|death_place       = [[Cambridge]], Ingland
| residence     = Unitit Kinrick
| nationality   = Breetish
| fields        =
  {{plainlist |
* [[General relativity]]
* [[Quantum gravity]]
  }}
| workplaces    =
  {{plainlist |
* [[Varsity o Cambridge]]
* [[Californie Institute of Technology]]
* [[Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Pheesics]]
  }}
| alma_mater    =
  {{plainlist |
* [[Varsity o Oxford]] (BA)
* [[Varsity o Cambridge]] (PhD)<ref name="whoswho">{{Who's Who | surname = HAWKING | othernames = Prof. Stephen William | id = U19510  | volume = 2015 | edition = online [[Oxford University Press]]}} {{subscription required}}</ref>
  }}
| doctoral_advisor = [[Dennis William Sciama|Dennis Sciama]]<ref name="mathgene">{{MathGenealogy|id=78459}}</ref>
| thesis_title  = Properties o Expandin Universes
| thesis_url    = http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/62793673
| thesis_year   = 1965<ref name="hawkingphd">{{cite thesis |degree=PhD |first=Stephen |last=Hawking |title=Properties of Expanding Universes |publisher=University of Cambridge |year=1966 |url=http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/62793673 |authorlink=Stephen Hawking}} {{OCLC|62793673}}</ref>
| academic_advisors = Robert Berman{{citation needed|date=February 2014}}
| doctoral_students = {{plainlist |
* [[Bruce Allen (pheesicist)|Bruce Allen]]<ref name="mathgene" /><ref name="allenphd">{{cite thesis |degree=PhD |first=Bruce |last=Allen |title=Vacuum energy and general relativity |publisher=University of Cambridge |year=1983 |url=http://ulmss-newton.lib.cam.ac.uk/vwebv/holdingsInfo?bibId=5544 |authorlink=Bruce Allen (physicist) |access-date=2015-08-29 |archive-date=2016-01-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160125092707/http://ulmss-newton.lib.cam.ac.uk/vwebv/holdingsInfo?bibId=5544 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* [[Raphael Bousso]]<ref name="mathgene" /><ref name="boussophd">{{cite thesis |degree=PhD |first=Raphael |last=Bousso |title=Pair creation of black holes in cosmology |publisher=University of Cambridge |year=1997 |url=http://ulmss-newton.lib.cam.ac.uk/vwebv/holdingsInfo?bibId=18697 |authorlink=Raphael Bousso |access-date=2015-08-29 |archive-date=2016-01-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160125092707/http://ulmss-newton.lib.cam.ac.uk/vwebv/holdingsInfo?bibId=18697 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* [[Bernard Carr]]<ref name="mathgene" /><ref name="carrphd">{{cite thesis |degree=PhD |first=Bernard John |last=Carr |title=Primordial black holes |publisher=University of Cambridge |year=1976 |url=http://ulmss-newton.lib.cam.ac.uk/vwebv/holdingsInfo?bibId=6798 |authorlink=Bernard Carr |access-date=2015-08-29 |archive-date=2016-01-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160125092707/http://ulmss-newton.lib.cam.ac.uk/vwebv/holdingsInfo?bibId=6798 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* [[Fay Dowker]]<ref name="mathgene" /<ref name="dowkerphd">{{cite thesis |degree=PhD |first=Helen Fay |last=Dowker |title=Space-time wormholes |publisher=University of Cambridge |year=1991 |url=http://ulmss-newton.lib.cam.ac.uk/vwebv/holdingsInfo?bibId=7858 |authorlink=Fay Dowker |access-date=2015-08-29 |archive-date=2016-01-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160125092707/http://ulmss-newton.lib.cam.ac.uk/vwebv/holdingsInfo?bibId=7858 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* [[:fr:Christophe Galfard|Christophe Galfard]]<ref name="galfardphd">{{cite thesis |degree=PhD |first=Christophe Georges Gunnar Sven |last=Galfard |title=Black hole information & branes |publisher=University of Cambridge |year=2006 |url=http://ulmss-newton.lib.cam.ac.uk/vwebv/holdingsInfo?bibId=28782 |access-date=2015-08-29 |archive-date=2016-01-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160125092707/http://ulmss-newton.lib.cam.ac.uk/vwebv/holdingsInfo?bibId=28782 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* [[Gary Gibbons]]<ref name="mathgene" /><ref name="gibbonsphd">{{cite thesis |degree=PhD |first=Gary William |last=Gibbons |title=Some aspects of gravitational radiation and gravitational collapse |publisher=University of Cambridge |year=1973 |url=http://ulmss-newton.lib.cam.ac.uk/vwebv/holdingsInfo?bibId=8671 |authorlink=Gary Gibbons |access-date=2015-08-29 |archive-date=2016-01-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160125092707/http://ulmss-newton.lib.cam.ac.uk/vwebv/holdingsInfo?bibId=8671 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* [[:nl:Thomas Hertog|Thomas Hertog]]<ref name="mathgene" /><ref name="hertogphd">{{cite thesis |degree=PhD |first=Thomas |last=Hertog |title=The origin of inflation |publisher=University of Cambridge |year=2002 |url=http://ulmss-newton.lib.cam.ac.uk/vwebv/holdingsInfo?bibId=23554 |access-date=2015-08-29 |archive-date=2016-01-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160125092707/http://ulmss-newton.lib.cam.ac.uk/vwebv/holdingsInfo?bibId=23554 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* [[Raymond Laflamme]]<ref name="mathgene" /><ref name="laflammephd">{{cite thesis |degree=PhD |first=Raymond |last=Laflamme |title=Time and quantum cosmology |publisher=University of Cambridge |year=1988 |url=http://ulmss-newton.lib.cam.ac.uk/vwebv/holdingsInfo?bibId=10575 |authorlink=Raymond Laflamme |access-date=2015-08-29 |archive-date=2016-01-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160125092707/http://ulmss-newton.lib.cam.ac.uk/vwebv/holdingsInfo?bibId=10575 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* [[Don Page (pheesicist)|Don Page]]<ref name="mathgene" /><ref name="pagephd">{{cite thesis |degree=PhD |first=Don Nelson |last=Page |title=Accretion into and emission from black holes |publisher=California Institute of Technology |year=1976 |url=http://thesis.library.caltech.edu/7179/ |authorlink=Don Page (physicist)}}</ref>
* [[Malcolm Perry (pheesicist)|Malcolm Perry]]<ref name="mathgene" /><ref name="perryphd">{{cite thesis |degree=PhD |first=Malcolm John |last=Perry |title=Black holes and quantum mechanics |publisher=University of Cambridge |year=1978 |url=http://ulmss-newton.lib.cam.ac.uk/vwebv/holdingsInfo?bibId=12538 |access-date=2015-08-29 |archive-date=2016-01-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160125092707/http://ulmss-newton.lib.cam.ac.uk/vwebv/holdingsInfo?bibId=12538 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* [[:zh:吴忠超|Wu Zhongchao]]<ref name="mathgene" /><ref name="wuphd">{{cite thesis |degree=PhD |first=Zhongchao |last=Wu |title=Cosmological models and the inflationary universe |publisher=University of Cambridge |year=1984 |url=http://ulmss-newton.lib.cam.ac.uk/vwebv/holdingsInfo?bibId=15549 |access-date=2015-08-29 |archive-date=2016-01-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160125092707/http://ulmss-newton.lib.cam.ac.uk/vwebv/holdingsInfo?bibId=15549 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
  }}
| known_for     =
  {{plainlist |
* [[Hawking radiation]]
* [[Penrose–Hawking singularity theorems|Penrose–Hawking theorems]]
* ''[[A Brief History o Time]]'' (1988)
  }}
| awards        =
  {{plainlist | style = white-space: nowrap; |
* [[Adams Prize]] (1966)
* [[Fellae o the Ryal Society|FRS]] (1974)<ref name="royal">{{cite web |url=http://royalsociety.org/DServe/dserve.exe?dsqIni=Dserve.ini&dsqApp=Archive&dsqDb=Catalog&dsqCmd=show.tcl&dsqSearch=(RefNo==%27EC%2F1974%2F12%27) |title=Certificate of election: Hawking, Stephen, EC/1974/12 |publisher=The Royal Society |archivedate=2014-02-04 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6N82r0VCh?url=http://royalsociety.org/DServe/dserve.exe?dsqIni=Dserve.ini |location=London |access-date=2015-08-29 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[Eddington Medal]] (1975)
* [[Maxwell Medal an Prize]] (1976)
* [[Dannie Heineman Prize for Mathematical Pheesics|Heineman Prize]] (1976)
* [[Hughes Medal]] (1976)
* [[Albert Einstein Awaird]] (1978)
* [[Order o the Breetish Empire|CBE]] (1982)
* [[Gowd Medal o the Ryal Astronomical Society|RAS Gowd Medal]] (1985)
* [[Dirac Prize#Paul Dirac Medal an Prize|Dirac Medal]] (1987)
* [[Wolf Prize]] (1988)
* [[Order o the Companions o Honour|CH]] (1989)
* [[Prince o Asturias Awairds|Prince o Asturias Awaird]] (1989)
* [[Andrew Gemant Awaird]] (1998)
* [[Naylor Prize an Lectureship]] (1999)
* [[Lilienfeld Prize]] (1999)
* [[Albert Medal (Ryal Society o Airts)]] (1999)
* [[Copley Medal]] (2006)
* [[Presidential Medal of Freedom]] (2009)
* [[Fundamental Pheesics Prize]] (2012)
* [[Ryal Society o Airts|FRSA]]
  }}
| spouse        =
  {{plainlist |
* {{marriage|[[Jane Wilde Hawking]] | 1965|1995|end=divorced}}
* {{marriage|Elaine Mason|1995|2006|end=divorced}}}}
| children      =
  {{plainlist |
* Robert {{b.|1967}}
* [[Lucy Hawking|Lucy]] {{b.|1970}}
* Timothy {{b.|1979}}
}}
| religion      = None [[Atheist]]<ref name="Auto2J-1">{{cite web |url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/09/25/stephen-hawking-atheist_n_5882860.html |title=Stephen Hawking Says 'There Is No God,' Confirms He's An Atheist |date=25 September 2014 |work=The Huffington Post |accessdate=26 October 2014}}</ref>
| website       = {{URL|hawking.org.uk}}
}}
'''Stephen William Hawking''' {{post-nominals|country=GBR|CH|CBE|FRS|FRSA|commas=true}} {{nobr|1=({{IPAc-en|audio=Stephen Hawking Pronunciation.ogg|ˈ|s|t|iː|v|ə|n|_|ˈ|h|ɔː|k|ɪ|ŋ}};}} 8 Januar 1942 – 14 Mairch 2018) wis an Inglis [[theoretical physics|theoretical pheesicist]], cosmologist, author an Director o Research at the Centre for Theoretical Cosmology within the [[Varsity o Cambridge]].<ref name="Auto2J-2">{{cite web |url=http://www.ctc.cam.ac.uk/outreach/stephen_hawking.php |title=Centre for Theoretical Cosmology: Outreach Stephen Hawking |publisher=Ctc.cam.ac.uk |accessdate=23 June 2013}}</ref><ref name="Auto2J-3">{{cite web |url=http://www.hawking.org.uk/about-stephen.html |title=About Stephen&nbsp;– Stephen Hawking |publisher=Hawking.org.uk |date=8 January 1942 |accessdate=23 June 2013}}</ref> He wis born on the 300t anniversary o the daith o [[Galileo Galilei]] an died on [[Albert Einstein]]'s birthday ([[14 Mairch]]).

'''War''' is typically an organised and often prolonged conflict that is carried atween [[State (polity)|states]] or [[non-state actor]]s.

| birth_place = [[Pyongyang|Mangyŏngdae]], [[Sooth Pyongan|Heian-nandō]], [[Korea unner Japanese rule|Japanese Korea]]
| death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|1994|7|8|1912|4|15}}
| death_place = [[Pyongyang]], [[North Korea|Democratic Fowkrepublic o Korea]]
| resting_place = [[Kumsusan Palace o the Sun]], [[Pyongyang]], [[North Korea|Democratic Fowkrepublic o Korea]]
| nationality = [[North Korean]]
| party = [[Wirkers’ Pairty o Korea]]
| spouse = [[Kim Jong-suk]] (d. 1949)<br />[[Kim Song-ae]]
| relations =
| children = [[Kim Jong-il]]<br /> [[Kim Man-il]]<br /> [[Kim Kyong-hui]]<br /> Kim Kyong-jin<br /> [[Kim Pyong-il]]<br /> Kim Yong-il
| residence = Pyongyang, Democratic Fowkrepublic o Korea
| alma_mater =
| occupation = [[Eternal Preses o the Republic]]
| profession = [[Preses o North Korea]]
| Religion = Atheism
| allegiance   = {{flag|Soviet Union|1922}} <br> {{flagicon|North Korea}} [[North Korea|Democratic Fowkrepublic o Korea]]
| branch       = [[Soviet Airmed Forces]]<br>[[Korean Fowk's Airmy]]
| serviceyears = 1941–1945 <br> 1948–1994
| rank         = [[Dae wonsu]] (Grand Marshal)
| commands     = ''All'' ([[Supreme Commander o the Korean Fowk's Airmy|supreme commander]])
| battles      = [[Warld War II]] <br> [[Korean War]]
| awards       = 
| signature = Kim Il Sung Signature.svg
| website =
| footnotes =
}}

{{speciesbox
|name = Soor docken
|image = (MHNT) Rumex acetosa - Habit.jpg
|genus = Rumex
|species = acetosa
|authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]
|synonyms =
    {{Plainlist | style = margin-left: 1em; text-indent: -1em; |
*''Acetosa agrestis'' <small>Raf.</small>
*''Acetosa amplexicaulis'' <small>Raf.</small>
*''Acetosa angustata'' <small>Raf.</small>
*''Acetosa bidentula'' <small>Raf.</small>
*''Acetosa fontanopaludosa'' <small>(Kalela) Holub</small>
*''Acetosa hastifolia'' <small>Schur</small>
*''Acetosa hastulata'' <small>Raf.</small>
*''Acetosa magna'' <small>Gilib.</small>
*''Acetosa officinalis'' <small>Gueldenst. ex Ledeb.</small>
*''Acetosa olitoria'' <small>Raf.</small>
*''Acetosa pratensis'' <small>Garsault</small> nom. inval.
*''Acetosa pratensis'' <small>Mill.</small>
*''Acetosa subalpina'' <small>Schur</small>
*''Rumex biformis'' <small>Lange</small>
*''Rumex fontanopaludosus'' <small>Kalela</small>
    }}
|synonyms_ref = <ref>{{citation
|url=http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2424198
|title=The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species
|website=Theplantlist.org
|accessdate=10 May 2016
|archive-date=2019-04-01
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190401142235/http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2424198
|url-status=dead
}}</ref>
}}
'''''Rumex acetosa''''', whiles cried '''soor dock(en)''', '''soor leek''' an '''soorock''', is a [[perennial plant|perennial]] [[yerbaceous plant|yerb]] in the faimily [[Polygonaceae]].

}}<br />{{nowrap|(Scots: Sicweys Ayeweys tae Teerants)}}<ref name=factpack>{{cite web |url=http://legis.state.va.us/1_cap_class/class_media/4_5_pdfs/factpack-1.pdf |title=Factpack |publisher=[[Virginia General Assembly]] |date=January 11, 2007 |accessdate=October 14, 2008 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081028193205/http://legis.state.va.us/1_cap_class/class_media/4_5_pdfs/factpack-1.pdf |archivedate=October 28, 2008 |df= }} {{Cite web |url=http://legis.state.va.us/1_cap_class/class_media/4_5_pdfs/factpack-1.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2013-03-11 |archive-date=2008-10-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081028193205/http://legis.state.va.us/1_cap_class/class_media/4_5_pdfs/factpack-1.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|image_map = Virginia in United States.svg
|OfficialLang = English
|Languages = {{plainlist|
*English 86%
*Spanish 6%
*Other 8%}}
|population_demonym = Virginian
|LargestCity = [[Virginia Beach, Virginie|Virginia Beach]]
|seat = [[Richmond, Virginie|Richmond]]
|LargestMetro = [[Washington metropolitan aurie|Washington-Arlington-Alexandria]]
|area_rank = 35t
|area_total_sq_mi = 42,774.2
|area_total_km2 = 110,785.67
|width_mi = 200
|width_km = 320
|length_mi = 430
|length_km = 690
|area_water_percent = 7.4
|Latitude = 36°&nbsp;32′&nbsp;N tae 39°&nbsp;28′&nbsp;N
|Longitude = 75°&nbsp;15′&nbsp;W tae 83°&nbsp;41′&nbsp;W
|population_rank = 12t
|population_as_of = 2019
|2010Pop = 8,535,519
|MedianHouseholdIncome = $71,535<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.kff.org/other/state-indicator/median-annual-income/?currentTimeframe=0&selectedRows=%7B%22states%22:%7B%22virginia%22:%7B%7D%7D%7D&sortModel=%7B%22colId%22:%22Location%22,%22sort%22:%22asc%22%7D|website=The Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation|title=Median Annual Household Income|year=2017|accessdate=March 16, 2019}}</ref>
|2000DensityUS = 206.7
|2000Density = 79.8
|population_density_rank = 14t
|IncomeRank = 10t
|elevation_max_point = [[Munt Rogers (Virginie)|Munt Rogers]]<ref name=mtrogers>{{harvnb|Burnham|Burnham|2018|pp=277}}</ref>
|elevation_max_ft = 5,729
|elevation_max_m = 1746
|elevation_ft = 950
|elevation_m = 290
|elevation_min_point = [[Atlantic Ocean]]
|elevation_min_m = 0
|elevation_min_ft = 0
|Former = Colony o Virginie
|AdmittanceDate = 25 Juin 1788
|AdmittanceOrder = 10t
|Governor = {{nowrap|[[Ralph Northam]] ([[Democratic Pairty (Unitit States)|D]])}}
|Lieutenant Governor = {{nowrap|[[Justin Fairfax]] (D)}}
|Legislature = [[Virginie General Assemmly|General Assemmly]]
|Upperhouse = [[Senate o Virginie|Senate]]
|Lowerhouse = [[Virginie Hoose o Delegates|Hoose o Delegates]]
|Judiciary = [[Supreme Coort o Virginie]]
|Senators = {{plainlist|
*{{nowrap|[[Mark Warner]] (D)}}
*{{nowrap|[[Tim Kaine]] (D)}}}}
|Representative = {{plainlist|
*7 Democrats
*4 Republicans}}
|timezone1 = [[Eastren Time Zone|Eastern]]
|utc_offset1 = −05:00
|timezone1_DST = [[Eastren Daylicht Time|EDT]]
|utc_offset1_DST = −04:00
|iso_code = US-VA
|postal_code = VA
|TradAbbreviation = Va.
|website = www.virginia.gov
|LargestCounty = [[Fairfax Coonty, Virginie|Fairfax Coonty]]
|ElectoralVotes = 13
|SecededDate = 17 Apryle  1861
|ReadmittanceDate = 26 Januar 1870
}}
'''Virginie''' ({{lang-en|Virginia}}), offeecially the '''Commonweel o Virginie''', is a [[U.S. state]] locatit in the [[Sooth Atlantic States|Sooth Atlantic region]] o the [[Unitit States]]. Virginia is nicknamit the "Old Dominion" an whiles the "Mother o Presidents" efter the [[:en:Lists of United States Presidents by place of birth#By state of birth|aicht U.S. preses]] born thare. The geography an climate o the Commonwalth are shapit bi the [[Blue Ridge Mountains]] an the [[Chesapeake Bay]], which provide habitat for hintle o its flora an fauna. The caipital o the [[Commonwalth (U.S. state)|Commonwalth]] is [[Richmond, Virginie|Richmond]]; an [[Virginia Beach, Virginie|Virginia Beach]] is the maist muckle ceety. [[Fairfax Coonty, Virginie|Fairfax Coonty]] is the maist populous poleetical subdiveesion. The Commonwalth's population is ower aicht million.

| birth_place = [[Amsterdam]], [[Dutch Republic]]
| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1677|2|21|1632|11|24}}
| death_place = [[The Hague]], [[Dutch Republic]]
| residence = Netherlands
| nationality = [[Dutch fowk|Dutch]]
| school_tradition = [[Rationalism]], foonder o [[Spinozism]]
| main_interests = Ethics, [[Epistemology]], [[Metaphysics]], Ebreu Grammar
| influences = [[René Descartes|Descartes]], [[Stoicism|Stoics]], [[Maimonides]], [[Abraham ibn Ezra]], [[Avicenna]], [[Averroes]],<ref>Scruton 1986 (2002 ed.), ch. 2: "Through the works of Moses Maimonides and the commentaries of the Arab Averroës, Spinoza would have become acquainted with Aristotle."</ref> [[Aristotle]], [[Democritus]], [[Lucretius]], [[Epicurus]], [[Niccolo Machiavelli]], [[Thomas Hobbes]], [[Giordano Bruno]], [[Franciscus van den Enden]]
| influenced = [[Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel|Hegel]], [[Arne Næss|Næss]], [[Karl Heinrich Marx|Marx]],<ref name=tws908/> [[Gabriel Wagner|G. Wagner]], [[Donald Davidson (philosopher)|Davidson]], [[Gilles Deleuze|Deleuze]], [[Albert Einstein|Einstein]], [[George Eliot]], [[Fichte]], [[Novalis]], [[Gottfried Leibniz|Leibniz]], [[Johann Wolfgang von Goethe|Goethe]],<ref name=tws908/> [[Friedrich Nietzsche|Nietzsche]], [[Ludwig Wittgenstein|Wittgenstein]], [[Sigmund Freud|Freud]], [[Louis Althusser|Althusser]], [[Michael Hardt|Hardt]], [[Antonio Negri|Negri]], [[George Santayana|Santayana]], [[Samuel Taylor Coleridge|Coleridge]], [[Leo Strauss]], [[Georges Bataille]]
| notable_ideas = [[Pantheism]], [[determinism]], [[neutral monism]], [[intellectual freedom|intellectual]] an [[Freedom o releegion|releegious freedom]], [[separation o kirk an state]], creeticism o [[Moses|Mosaic]] authorship o some beuks o the [[Ebreu Bible]], [[Govrenment|poleetical society]] derived frae [[Pouer (sociology)|pouer]], nae [[Social contract|contract]]
}}
'''Baruch Spinoza''' ({{IPA-nl|baːˈrux spɪˈnoːzaː|lang}}; born '''Benedito de Espinosa''', {{IPA-pt|benɨˈðitu ðɨ iʃpɨˈnozɐ}}; 24 November 1632 – 21 Februar 1677, later '''Benedict de Spinoza''') wis a [[Netherlands|Dutch]] philosopher o [[Sephardi]] [[Portugal|Portuguese]] oreegin.<ref name=tws908>{{cite news | author=Anthony Gottlieb | title = God Exists, Philosophically (review of "Spinoza: A Life" by Steven Nadler) | publisher=The New York Times, Books. 18 July 1999 | url = http://www.nytimes.com/books/99/07/18/reviews/990718.18gottlit.html | accessdate =7 September 2009}}</ref> Ane o the early thinkers o the [[Age o Enlichtment|Enlichtment]]<ref name=tws9907>{{cite news |title=The Spinoza Problem |first=Irvin |last=Yalom |work=The Washington Post |date=21 February 2012 |url=https://articles.washingtonpost.com/2012-02-21/entertainment/35442915_1_history-teacher-novel-theories |accessdate=7 March 2013 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131112073417/http://articles.washingtonpost.com/2012-02-21/entertainment/35442915_1_history-teacher-novel-theories |archivedate=12 November 2013 |df=dmy-all }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131112073417/http://articles.washingtonpost.com/2012-02-21/entertainment/35442915_1_history-teacher-novel-theories |date=2013-11-12 }}</ref> an modren [[biblical creeticism]],<ref>Yovel, Yirmiyahu, ''Spinoza and Other Heretics: The Adventures of Immanence'' ([[Princeton University Press]], 1992), p. 3</ref> includin modren conceptions o the sel an the universe,<ref name=tws9906>{{cite news | title = Destroyer and Builder |work=[[The New Republic]] | date = 3 May 2012 | url = https://newrepublic.com/book/review/book-forged-hell-spinoza-treatise-steven-nadler | accessdate =7 March 2013}}</ref> he cam tae be conseedert ane o the great [[raitionalism|raitionalists]] o [[17t-century philosophie]].{{sfn|Scruton|2002|p=26}} Inspired bi the grundbrakin ideas o [[René Descartes]], Spinoza becam a leadin philosophical feegur of the [[Dutch Gowden Age]]. Spinoza's gien name, that means "Blessed", varies amang different leids. In Ebreu, it is written {{Hebrew|ברוך שפינוזה}}. His Portuguese name is {{lang|pt|Benedito "Bento" de Espinosa}} or {{Lang|pt|d'Espinosa}}. In his Laitin warks, he uised {{lang-la|Benedictus de Spinoza|links=no}}.

{{speciesbox
|name = Hairy davie
|image = Apple_Mint.jpg
|genus = Mentha
|species = suaveolens
|authority = [[Jakob Friedrich Ehrhart|Ehrh.]]
}}
'''''Mentha suaveolens''''', the '''hairy davie''' ([[Synonym (taxonomy)|synonyms]] ''M. rotundifolia'', ''Mentha macrostachya'', ''Mentha insularis''),<ref>{{cite book |last=Quattrocchi |first=Umberto |title=CRC World dictionary of plant names: Common names, Scientific Names, Eponyms, Sonyonyms, and Etymology |volume=III M-Q |year=1999 |publisher=CRC Press |page=1659}}</ref><ref name=BSBI07>{{cite web|title=BSBI List 2007 |publisher=Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland |url=http://www.bsbi.org.uk/BSBIList2007.xls |format=xls |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6VqJ46atN?url=http://www.bsbi.org.uk/BSBIList2007.xls |archive-date=2015-01-25 |accessdate=2014-10-17 |deadurl=yes |df= }}</ref> is a member o the mint faimily [[Lamiaceae]].

meisurs the wecht o an object]]
In the [[pheesical science]]s, the '''wecht''' o an object is the magnitude, W, o the [[Poust (naitural philosophy)|poust]] that maun be applee'd tae an object for tae support it (i.e. hauden it at rest) in a gravitational field. The wecht o an object equals the magnitude o the gravitational poust actin on the object, less the eftercome o its buoyancy in ony fluid in whilk it micht be doukit in.<ref name="Canada">The National Standard of Canada, CAN/CSA-Z234.1-89 Canadian Metric
Practice Guide, January 1989:'''5.7.3''' A queer lot o confuision exists in the uise o the term "wecht." In commercial an ilkaday uise, the term "wecht" naurhaund aye means mass. In science an technology "wecht" haes maistlins meant a poust due tae gravity. In scientific an technical work, the term "wecht" shoud be replaced by the term "mass" or "poust," depending on the application.
'''5.7.4''' The uise o the verb "tae wecht" meanin "tae determine the mass o", e.g., "A wecht this object an determined its mass tae be 5&nbsp;kg," is richt. </ref> Naur the surface o the [[Yird]], the [[Yird's gravity|acceleration due tae gravity]] is aboot constant; this means that an object's wecht naurhaund tae the surface o the Yird is rochly proportional tae its [[mass]].

|Lageplan          = Munkbrarup in SL.PNG
|Bundesland        = Schleswig-Holstein
|Kreis             = Schleswig-Flensburg
|Amt               = Langballig
|Höhe              = 42
|Fläche            = 13.26
|Einwohner         = 1068
|Stand             = 2006-12-31
|PLZ               = 24960
|Vorwahl           = 04631
|Kfz               = SL
|Gemeindeschlüssel = 01 0 59 145
|Adresse-Verband   = Süderende 1<br />24977 Langballig
|Website           = [http://www.langballig.de/ www.langballig.de]
|Bürgermeister     = Margrit Jebsen
|Partei            =
}}

A '''biotope''' is an area o stieve environmental conditions giein scowth tae ae kynd o menyie o [[flora (plants)|plants]] an [[fauna (ainimals)|beasts]].

{{fixscots|date=Mairch 2021}}

{{Year dab|1947}}
{{Year nav|1947}}
Year '''1947''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MCMXLVII]]''') wis a [[common year stairtin on Wadensday]] (airtin will display the full calendar) o the [[Gregorian calendar]].

A '''spermatozoon''' (pronoonced {{IPAc-en|ˌ|s|p|ɜr|m|æ|t|ə|ˈ|z|oʊ|ə|n}}, alternate spellin '''spermatozoön'''; plural '''spermatozoa'''; frae {{lang-grc|σπέρμα}} "seed" an {{lang-grc|ζῷον}} "livin bein") is a motile [[sperm]] [[Cell (biology)|cell]], or muivin form o the [[ploidy|haploid]] [[cell (biology)|cell]] that is the male [[gamete]].

| birth_place = [[Los Toldos]], Argentinae
| death_date = {{death date and age|1952|7|26|1919|5|17|df=y}}
| death_cause = 
| death_place = [[Buenos Aires]], Argentinae
| party = [[Justicialist Pairty]]<br />[[Weemen in Argentinae|Weemen's Peronist Pairty]]
| restingplace = [[La Recoleta Seemetry]]
| spouse = {{marriage|[[Juan Perón]]|18 October 1945}}
| signature = Eva Peron Signature.svg
}}
'''María Eva Duarte de Perón''' ({{IPA-es|maˈɾi.a ˈeβa ˈðwarte ðe peˈɾon}}; 7 Mey 1919 – 26 Julie 1952) wis the seicont wife o [[Preses o Argentinae|Preses]] [[Juan Perón]] (1895–1974) an served as the [[First Lady]] o [[Argentinae]] frae 1946 till her daith in 1952. She is aften referred tae as simply '''Eva Perón''', or bi the affectionate [[Diminutive#Spaingie|Spaingie leid diminutive]] '''Evita''', which literally translates intae Inglis as "Little Eva".

</ref>
|territory  =  [[Medellin]], [[The Metropolitan Aurie o the Aburrá Valley|its aurie]] an aw [[Antioquia Depairtment]]
|ethnicity  = [[Colombies|Colombie]]
|membership = 
|activities = [[Drog trokin]], [[extortion]], [[murther]], [[money launderin]], [[Colombie conflict (1964present)|terrorism]], [[Smugglin|buitleggin]] an [[gun-runnin]]
|allies     = [[Los Zetas]], [[Los Rastrojos]], [[:en:Paramilitarism in Colombia|Colombie paramilitar drog groups]]
|rivals     = The [[Usuga Clan]]
}}
'''La Oficina de Envigado''' ({{lang-sco|The Office o Envigado}}) is a drog cairtel operatin oot o the ceety o [[Envigado]], [[Colombie]]. 

instead -->
| type                    = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment]]
| image_skyline           = Rodez-Hôtel Le Normant d'Ayssènes-20140622.jpg
| image_alt               = 
| image_caption           = [[Prefecturs in Fraunce|Prefectur]] biggin o the Aveyron depairtment, in Rodez
| image_flag              = Flag of Rouergue.svg
| flag_alt                = 
| image_shield            = Blason Rouergue.svg
| shield_alt              = 
| nickname                = 
| motto                   = 
| image_map               = Aveyron-Position.svg
| map_alt                 = 
| map_caption             = Location o Aveyron in Fraunce
| pushpin_map             = 
| pushpin_label_position  = 
| pushpin_map_alt         = 
| pushpin_map_caption     = 
| coordinates             = {{coord|44|15|N|02|42|E|region:FR_type:adm2nd|display=inline,title}}
| coor_pinpoint           = 
| coordinates_footnotes   = 
| subdivision_type        = Kintra
| subdivision_name        = France
| subdivision_type1       = [[Regions o Fraunce|Region]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[Midi-Pyrénées]]
| established_title       = 
| established_date        = 
| founder                 = 
| seat_type               = [[Prefecturs in Fraunce|Prefectur]]
| seat                    = [[Rodez]]
| parts_type              = [[Subprefecturs in Fraunce|Subprefecturs]]
| parts_style             = para
| p1                      = [[Millau]]<br>[[Villefranche-de-Rouergue]]
| government_footnotes    = 
| leader_party            = [[Union for a Popular Movement|UMP]]
| leader_title            = [[Preses o the general cooncil|Preses o the General Cooncil]]
| leader_name             = Jean-Claude Luche
| unit_pref               = Metric<!-- or US or UK -->
| area_magnitude          = 
| area_footnotes          = {{ref|area|1}}
| area_total_km2          = 8735
| area_note               = 
| elevation_footnotes     = 
| elevation_m             = 
| elevation_min_m         = 
| elevation_max_m         = 
| population_footnotes    = 
| population_total        = 277,048
| population_as_of        = 2009
| population_rank         = [[Leet o French depairtments bi population|78t]]
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_demonym      = 
| population_note         = 
| blank_name_sec1         = [[Departments o Fraunce|Depairtment nummer]]
| blank_info_sec1         = 12
| blank_name_sec2         = [[Arrondissements o Fraunce|Arrondissements]]
| blank_info_sec2         = [[arrondissements o the Aveyron depairtment|3]]
| blank1_name_sec2        = [[Cantons in Fraunce|Cantons]]
| blank1_info_sec2        = [[cantons o the Aveyron depairtment|23]]
| blank2_name_sec2        = [[Communes in Fraunce|Communes]]
| blank2_info_sec2        = [[communes o the Aveyron depairtment|304]]
| timezone1               = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset1             = +1
| timezone1_DST           = [[Central European Simmer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset1_DST         = +2
| postal_code_type        = 
| postal_code             = 
| area_code_type          = 
| area_code               = 
| iso_code                = 
| website                 = 
| footnotes               = {{note|area|1}} French Laund Register data, which exclude [[estuary|estuaries]], an lochs, ponds, an glaciers larger nor 1&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>
}}
'''Aveyron''' ({{IPA-fr|avɛʁɔ̃}}; {{lang-oc|Avairon}} {{IPA-oc|avajˈɾu|}}) is a [[Depairtments o Fraunce|department]] locatit in the north-east o the [[Midi-Pyrenees]] region o soothren Fraunce named efter the [[Aveyron River]].

)]]
The term '''metropolitan area''' refers tae a region consistin o a densely populatit urban core an its less-populatit surroondin territories, sharin [[industry]], [[infrastructur]], an [[house|hoosin]].<ref>Squires, G. Ed. Urban Sprawl: Causes, Consequences, & Policy Responses. The Urban Institute Press (2002)</ref> A metropolitan area uisually encompasses multiple [[jurisdiction]]s an [[Municipality|municipalities]]: [[neighborhuid]]s, [[tounship]]s, [[Ceety|ceeties]], [[suburb]]s, [[exurb]]s, [[Coonty|coonties]], an even [[State (polity)|state]]s. As social, economic an poleetical institutions hae chyngit, metropolitan areas hae become key economic an poleetical regions.<ref>Mark, M., Katz, B., Rahman, S., and Warren, D. MetroPolicy: Shaping A New Federal Partnership for a Metropolitan Nation. Brookings Institution: Metropolitan Policy Program Report. (2008). 4-103.</ref>

{{taxobox
|name = Beech family
|image = Quercus ilex rotundifolia.jpg
|image_caption = Holm aik (''Quercus ilex'' subsp. ''rotundifolia'')
|regnum = [[Plant]]ae
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Rosids]]
|ordo = [[Fagales]]
|familia = '''Fagaceae'''
|familia_authority = [[Barthélemy Charles Joseph du Mortier|Dumort.]]<ref name=APGIII2009>{{Cite journal |last=Angiosperm Phylogeny Group |year=2009 |title=An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III |journal=Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=161 |issue=2 |pages=105–121 |url=http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122630309/abstract |format=PDF |accessdate=2013-06-26 |doi=10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x |archive-date=2017-05-25 |archive-url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20170525104318/http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x/abstract |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|subdivision_ranks = [[Genus|Genera]]
|subdivision = ''[[Castanea]]'' - chestanes<br/>
''[[Castanopsis]]'' <br/>
''[[Chrysolepis]]'' - gowden chinkapin<br/>
''[[Colombobalanus]]'' <br/>
''[[beech|Fagus]]'' - beeches<br/>
''[[Formanodendron]]'' <br/>
''[[Lithocarpus]]'' - stane aiks<br/>
''[[aik|Quercus]]'' - aiks<br/>
''[[Trigonobalanus]]''
| range_map = Fagaceae Distribution.svg
| range_map_caption = The range of= Fagaceae.
}}
The faimily '''Fagaceae''', or '''beech faimily''', comprises aboot 600 species o baith [[evergreen]] an [[deciduous]] trees an scrogs, that is characterised bi alternate simple [[leafs]] wi pinnate venation, unisexual [[flouer]]s in the form o [[catkin]]s, an fruit in the form o tass-lik ([[Calybium an cupule|cupule]]) nits.

The '''assassination attempt on Ronald Reagan''' happenit on Monday, 30 Mairch, 1981. 69 days efter acomin Preses, [[Ronald Reagan]] wis leavin efter a speakin engagement at the [[Washington Hilton|Washington Hilton Hotel]] in [[Washington, D.C.]].<ref name="wapshott2007">{{cite book|last=Wapshott|first=Nicholas|title=Ronald Reagan and Margaret Thatcher: A Political Marriage|year=2007|publisher=Sentinel|location=New York, NY|isbn=978-1-101-21787-0|pages=167|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=Ru5CKP3pcXMC&lpg=PT168&dq=reagan%20assassination%20ford's%20theatre%20%22curious%20sensation%22&pg=PT168#v=onepage&q=reagan%20assassination%20ford's%20theatre%20%22curious%20sensation%22&f=false}}</ref> Shots war firit bi [[John Hinckley, Jr.]] as he left tae enter the presestial limo. The assassination attempt stairtit concern aboot gun control.

]]
 | popestdate = {{English statistics year}}
 | pop = {{English cerem counties|POP=Warwickshire}}
 | density_km2 = {{English cerem counties|DEN=Warwickshire}}
 | adminpoprank = [[Leet o nan-metropolitan coonties o Ingland bi population|Rankit {{English admin counties|RNK=Warwickshire}}]]
 | adminpop = 536,100N
 | ethnicity = 95.6% White<br />2.8% S. Asian
 | council =  /Warwickshire County Council<br />http://www.warwickshire.gov.uk
 | exec = {{English county control|CTY=Warwickshire}}
 | mps = *[[Daniel Byles]] [[Conservative Party (UK)|(C)]]
*[[Marcus Jones (UK politeecian)|Marcus Jones]] [[Conservative Pairty (UK)|(C)]]
*[[Mark Pawsey]] [[Conservative Pairty (UK)|(C)]]
*[[Chris White (politeecian)|Chris White]] [[Conservative Pairty (UK)|(C)]]
*[[Jeremy Wright (politeecian)|Jeremy Wright]] [[Conservative Pairty (UK)|(C)]]
*[[Nadhim Zahawi]] [[Conservative Party (UK)|(C)]]
 | subdivmap = [[Image:Warwickshire Numbered.png]]
 | subdivs = #[[North Warwickshire]]
#[[Nuneaton an Bedworth]]
#[[Borough of Rugby|Rugby]]
#[[Stratford-on-Avon Destrict|Stratford-on-Avon]]
#[[Warwick Destrict|Warwick]]
}}
'''Warwickshire''' ({{IPAc-en|audio=En-warwickshire.ogg|ˈ|w|ɒr|
ɪ
|k|ʃ|ər}} or {{IPAc-en|ˈ|w|ɒr|
ɪ
|k|ʃ|ɪər}}) is a [[landlockit]] [[nan-metropolitan coonty]] in the [[Wast Midlands (region)|Wast Midlands region]] o [[Ingland]]. The [[coonty toun]] is [[Warwick]], although the lairgest toun is [[Nuneaton]]. The coonty is famous for being the birthplace o [[William Shakespeare]] an [[George Eliot]]. Commonly uised abbreviations for the coonty are '''Warks''' or '''Warwicks'''.

| founded              = {{start date and age|1998|12}} (as [[Confinity]])
| dissolved            = <!-- {{start date and age|year|month|day}} -->
| predecessor          = [[Confinity]]
| successor            = 
| location             = 2211 North First Street, [[San Jose, Californie]]
| country              = United States 95131
| country of origin    = 
| locations            = 
| area served          = Warldwide
| founder              = [[Max Levchin]]<br/>[[Peter Thiel]]<br/>[[Luke Nosek]]<br/>[[Ken Howery]]
| key people           = [[John Donahoe]] (Chairman)<br>[[Dan Schulman|Daniel Schulman]] (CEO)
| industry             = [[Financial Services]]
| products             = Credit Cards, [[payment seestem]]s 
| services             = 
| revenue              = {{increase}} {{USD|9.24 billion}} (2015)<ref name=10K>{{cite web |url=http://www.google.com/finance?q=NASDAQ%3APYPL&fstype=ii&ei=eluzVrmEMNGKuQTBqIOYDg |title=2015 Form 10-K, Visa Inc. |publisher=United States Securities and Exchange Commission}}</ref>
| operating income     = {{increase}} {{USD|1.46 billion}} (2015)<ref name=10K/>
| international        = yes
| assets               = {{increase}} {{USD|28.88 billion}} (2015)<ref name=10K/>
| equity               = {{increase}} {{USD|13.75 billion}} (2015)<ref name=10K/>
| employees            = 15,800 (2015)<ref name=10K/>
| parent               = [[eBay]] (2002–2014)
| divisions            = 
| subsidiaries         = [[Braintree (company)|Braintree]]<br/>[[Paydiant]]<br/>[[Venmo]]<br/>[[PayPal Credit]]<br/>[[Xoom Corporation]]
| slogan               = 
| url                  = {{URL|https://www.paypal.com}}
| programming language = [[C++]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.lextrait.com/Vincent/implementations.html |title=The Programming Languages Beacon, v10.0 |first=Vincent |last =Lextrait |date=January 2010 |accessdate=14 March 2010}}</ref> [[JavaScript]] (as [[Node.js]]),<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.paypal-engineering.com/2013/11/22/node-js-at-paypal/|title=Node.js at PayPal|author=Jeff Harrell |work=Paypal-engineering.com|accessdate=September 6, 2011}}</ref> [[Python (programmin leid)|Python]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.paypal-engineering.com/2014/12/10/10-myths-of-enterprise-python/ |title=10 Myths of Enterprise Python |first=Mahmoud |last =Hashemi |date=December 2014 |accessdate=7 November 2015}}</ref>
| ipv6                 = 
| alexa                = {{Decrease}} 45 ({{as of|2016|08|14|alt=August 2016}})<ref name="alexa">{{cite web |url=http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/paypal.com |title=Paypal.com Site Overview |publisher=[[Alexa Internet]] |accessdate=August 14, 2016 |archive-date=2017-06-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170611230657/http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/paypal.com |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| website type         = 
| advertising          = No
| registration         = Yes
| users                = {{increase}} 173 million {{small|(2015)}}
| language             = Multilingual
| launched             = {{start date|1998|12}}
| current status       = Active
| native clients       = [[iOS]]<br/>[[Android (operatin seestem)|Android]]<br/>[[Microsoft Windows|Windows]]
| footnotes            = 
| coordinates          = {{coord|37.3770|-121.9226|type:landmark_region:US-CA|display=inline,title}}
| net_income           = {{increase}} {{USD|1.22 billion}} (2015)<ref name=10K/>
}}
'''PayPal Holdings, Inc.''' is an American company operatin a warldwide online payments seestem. [[Online money transfers]] serve as electronic alternatives tae tradeetional paper methods lik [[cheque|checks]] an [[money order]]s. PayPal is ane o the warld's lairgest [[Internet]] payment companies.<ref name=forbeslede>{{cite web|url=http://www.forbes.com/sites/mfonobongnsehe/2014/06/17/paypal-extends-payment-services-to-nigeria-9-other-countries/| title=PayPal Extends Payment Services To Nigeria, 9 Other Countries| author=Mfonobong Nsehe| date=17 June 2014| publisher=Forbes| accessdate=23 November 2014}}</ref> The company operates as a payment processor for online vendors, [[unction]] steids an ither commercial uisers, for which it chairges a fee.

{{fixscots|date=Mairch 2021}}

A '''centurie''' or '''century''' (frae the [[Laitin]] ''centum'', meinin ae hunder), whyls cried a '''yeirhunder''' (a newlins clekit collocation unkent in tradeetional Scots tho Aulder Scots haes the collocation ''hunder ȝere'' for a centurie), is [[Hunder|ae hunder]] consecutive [[yeir]]s. 
Centuries ar nummer'd [[nummers#Ordinal nummers|ordinalie]] (e.g. "the [[7t century|seivint centurie AD]]").

|subdivision_type1= [[Voivodeships o Poland|Voivodeship]]
|subdivision_name1=  [[Podkarpackie Voivodeship|Podkarpackie]]
|subdivision_type2= [[Powiat|Coonty]]
|subdivision_name2=  [[Ropczyce-Sędziszów Coonty|Ropczyce-Sędziszów]]
|subdivision_type3= [[Gmina]]
|subdivision_name3=  [[Gmina Ropczyce|Ropczyce]]
|leader_title  =Mayor
|leader_name   =Bolesław Bujak
|established_title= Foondit
|established_date=13t century
|established_title2=Ceety richts
|established_date2= 1362
|area_total_km2 =47.03
|population_as_of=2007
|population_total=26059
|population_density_km2= auto
|timezone= [[Central European Time|CET]]
|utc_offset= +1
|timezone_DST= [[Central European Simmer Time|CEST]]
|utc_offset_DST= +2
|coordinates      = {{coord|50|5|10|N|21|38|0|E|region:PL|display=inline}}
|postal_code_type= Postal code
|postal_code= 39–100
|blank_name= [[Vehicle registration plates o Poland|Caur plates]]
|blank_info= RRS
|website= http://www.ropczyce.umig.gov.pl}}

A '''magnet''' is a material or object that produces a [[magnetic field]]. This magnetic field is inveesible but is responsible for the maist notable property o a magnet: a force that pulls on ither [[ferromagnetic material]]s, sic as [[airn]], an attracts or repels ither magnets. 

'''Tacitus''' ({{lang-la|Marcus Claudius Tacitus Augustus}};<ref>In [[Clessical Laitin]], Tacitus' name would be inscribed as MARCVS CLAVDIVS TACITVS AVGVSTVS.</ref><ref name="Jones, pg. 873">Jones, pg. 873</ref> ca. 200 – Juin 276), wis [[Roman Emperor]] frae 275 tae 276. Durin his short reign he campaigned against the [[Goths]] an the [[Heruli]], for which he receivit the title ''Gothicus Maximus''.

]]
The '''sea''', the '''warld ocean,''' or simply the [[ocean]], is the connectit [[bouk o watter|bouk]] o [[seawatter|sauty watter]] that kivers ower 70 percent o the Yird's surface. It moderates the Yird's climate and is an important pairt o the [[watter cycle]], [[carbon cycle]], an [[nitrogen cycle]].  Awtho the sea haes been traivelt and explored sin auncient times, the scienteefic study o the sea—[[oceanografie]]—dates broadly frae the voyages o Captain [[James Cook]] who explored the [[Pacific Ocean]] atween 1768 an 1779. In [[geografie|geography]], "sea" is uised in the names o smawer, pairtly laundlocked sections o the ocean, for ensaumple the [[Erse Sea]], while "ocean" is uised in the names o [[Ocean#Diveesions|the five lairgest sections]], sic as the Pacific Ocean.

'''Industrie''' (or '''industry''') includes aw kynds o [[economics|economic]] activitie. It can be sindert intil fower sectors lippenin on the naitur o the activitie.

{{for|the veelage in Iran|Kahla, Iran}}

'''Tchai-Ovna''' (kent as '''The Tchai-Ovna House of Tea''' an aa) wis a tea room an [[muisic venue]] locatit in [[Glesga]], [[Scotland]]. It wis foondit in 2000 bi twa brithers fae [[Glesga Varsity]], the Fell brithers.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Tchai-Ovna – who we are |url=https://www.tchaiovna.com/2020/05/04/tchainsta/ |website=Tchai-Ovna |access-date=7 September 2020 |archive-date=2020-09-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200929205700/https://www.tchaiovna.com/2020/05/04/tchainsta/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> As a wee seated venue it wis seen as a steppin stane fir amateur sangsters an musicians.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Hibbett |first1=Mark |title=Glasgow |url=https://www.mjhibbett.com/blog/showblog.php?blogid=551 |website=MJ Hibbett and the Validators |access-date=7 September 2020}}</ref> It wis shut doon in Julie 2023, efter mair nor 23 year.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Carmichael |first1=Morgan |title=Glasgow tea room Tchai-Ovna House Of Tea announces shock closure |url=https://www.glasgowtimes.co.uk/news/scottish-news/23602169.glasgow-tea-room-tchai-ovna-house-tea-announces-shock-closure/ |access-date=16 October 2023 |work=Glasgow Times |date=20 June 2023 |language=en}}</ref>

section in a [[Brazi]]lian supermercat]]
A '''supermercat''', a muckle form o the tradeetional [[grocery store]], is a [[sel-service]] [[Retail#Teeps o ootlets|shop]] offerin a wide variety o [[fuid]] an hoosehauld products, organised intae aisles.

| birth_place = [[Amsterdam]], [[Dutch Republic]]
| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1677|2|21|1632|11|24}}
| death_place = [[The Hague]], [[Dutch Republic]]
| residence = Netherlands
| nationality = [[Dutch fowk|Dutch]]
| school_tradition = [[Rationalism]], foonder o [[Spinozism]]
| main_interests = Ethics, [[Epistemology]], [[Metaphysics]], Ebreu Grammar
| influences = [[René Descartes|Descartes]], [[Stoicism|Stoics]], [[Maimonides]], [[Abraham ibn Ezra]], [[Avicenna]], [[Averroes]],<ref>Scruton 1986 (2002 ed.), ch. 2: "Through the works of Moses Maimonides and the commentaries of the Arab Averroës, Spinoza would have become acquainted with Aristotle."</ref> [[Aristotle]], [[Democritus]], [[Lucretius]], [[Epicurus]], [[Niccolo Machiavelli]], [[Thomas Hobbes]], [[Giordano Bruno]], [[Franciscus van den Enden]]
| influenced = [[Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel|Hegel]], [[Arne Næss|Næss]], [[Karl Heinrich Marx|Marx]],<ref name=tws908/> [[Gabriel Wagner|G. Wagner]], [[Donald Davidson (philosopher)|Davidson]], [[Gilles Deleuze|Deleuze]], [[Albert Einstein|Einstein]], [[George Eliot]], [[Fichte]], [[Novalis]], [[Gottfried Leibniz|Leibniz]], [[Johann Wolfgang von Goethe|Goethe]],<ref name=tws908/> [[Friedrich Nietzsche|Nietzsche]], [[Ludwig Wittgenstein|Wittgenstein]], [[Sigmund Freud|Freud]], [[Louis Althusser|Althusser]], [[Michael Hardt|Hardt]], [[Antonio Negri|Negri]], [[George Santayana|Santayana]], [[Samuel Taylor Coleridge|Coleridge]], [[Leo Strauss]], [[Georges Bataille]]
| notable_ideas = [[Pantheism]], [[determinism]], [[neutral monism]], [[intellectual freedom|intellectual]] an [[Freedom o releegion|releegious freedom]], [[separation o kirk an state]], creeticism o [[Moses|Mosaic]] authorship o some beuks o the [[Ebreu Bible]], [[Govrenment|poleetical society]] derived frae [[Pouer (sociology)|pouer]], nae [[Social contract|contract]]
}}
'''Baruch Spinoza''' ({{IPA-nl|baːˈrux spɪˈnoːzaː|lang}}; born '''Benedito de Espinosa''', {{IPA-pt|benɨˈðitu ðɨ iʃpɨˈnozɐ}}; 24 November 1632 – 21 Februar 1677, later '''Benedict de Spinoza''') wis a [[Netherlands|Dutch]] philosopher o [[Sephardi]] [[Portugal|Portuguese]] oreegin.<ref name=tws908>{{cite news | author=Anthony Gottlieb | title = God Exists, Philosophically (review of "Spinoza: A Life" by Steven Nadler) | publisher=The New York Times, Books. 18 July 1999 | url = http://www.nytimes.com/books/99/07/18/reviews/990718.18gottlit.html | accessdate =7 September 2009}}</ref> Ane o the early thinkers o the [[Age o Enlichtment|Enlichtment]]<ref name=tws9907>{{cite news |title=The Spinoza Problem |first=Irvin |last=Yalom |work=The Washington Post |date=21 February 2012 |url=https://articles.washingtonpost.com/2012-02-21/entertainment/35442915_1_history-teacher-novel-theories |accessdate=7 March 2013 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131112073417/http://articles.washingtonpost.com/2012-02-21/entertainment/35442915_1_history-teacher-novel-theories |archivedate=12 November 2013 |df=dmy-all }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131112073417/http://articles.washingtonpost.com/2012-02-21/entertainment/35442915_1_history-teacher-novel-theories |date=2013-11-12 }}</ref> an modren [[biblical creeticism]],<ref>Yovel, Yirmiyahu, ''Spinoza and Other Heretics: The Adventures of Immanence'' ([[Princeton University Press]], 1992), p. 3</ref> includin modren conceptions o the sel an the universe,<ref name=tws9906>{{cite news | title = Destroyer and Builder |work=[[The New Republic]] | date = 3 May 2012 | url = https://newrepublic.com/book/review/book-forged-hell-spinoza-treatise-steven-nadler | accessdate =7 March 2013}}</ref> he cam tae be conseedert ane o the great [[raitionalism|raitionalists]] o [[17t-century philosophie]].{{sfn|Scruton|2002|p=26}} Inspired bi the grundbrakin ideas o [[René Descartes]], Spinoza becam a leadin philosophical feegur of the [[Dutch Gowden Age]]. Spinoza's gien name, that means "Blessed", varies amang different leids. In Ebreu, it is written {{Hebrew|ברוך שפינוזה}}. His Portuguese name is {{lang|pt|Benedito "Bento" de Espinosa}} or {{Lang|pt|d'Espinosa}}. In his Laitin warks, he uised {{lang-la|Benedictus de Spinoza|links=no}}.

{{Coord|39|N|32|E|display=title}}
 (within the rectangle) in reference tae the [[Europe|European continent]]. Anatolie corresponds aboot tae the [[Asie]] pairt o Turkey.]]

|subdivision_type1      = [[Admeenistrative diveesions o Mexico|State]]
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'''Apep''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|æ|p|ɛ|p}} or {{IPAc-en|ˈ|ɑː|p|ɛ|p}}) or '''Apophis''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|æ|p|ə|f|ɨ|s}}; {{lang-grc|Άποφις}}; an aa spelled Apepi or Aapep) wis an [[evil]] [[Deity|god]] in [[auncient Egyptian releegion]] depictit as a snake/serpent an a dragon, the deification o [[darkness]] an [[Chaos (cosmogony)|chaos]] (''[[Isfet (Egyptian mythology)|ı͗zft]]'' in Egyptian), an sicweys opponent o licht an [[Ma'at]] (order/[[truth]]), whose existence wis believed frae the 8t Dynasty (mentioned at Moalla) onwards. His name is reconstructit bi Egyptologists as *{{unicode|ʻAʼpāpī}}, as it wis written ''{{unicode|ꜥꜣpp(y)}}'' an survived in later [[Coptic leid|Coptic]] as {{coptic|Ⲁⲫⲱⲫ}} ''Aphōph''.<ref name="Wörterbuch">[[Adolf Erman|Erman, Adolf]], and [[Hermann Grapow]], eds. 1926&ndash;1953. ''Wörterbuch der aegyptischen Sprache im Auftrage der deutschen Akademien''. 6 vols. Leipzig: J. C. Hinrichs'schen Buchhandlungen. (Reprinted Berlin: Akademie-Verlag GmbH, 1971).</ref>

{{fixscots|date=October 2020}}

A '''wetland''' is a land aurie that is [[Aquifer|saturatit]] wi [[watter]], aither permanently or saisonally, sic that it taks on the characteristics o a distinct [[ecoseestem]].<ref>{{cite web | title = Department of Environmental Protection State of Florida Glossary | publisher = State of Florida| accessdate = 2011-09-25 | url = http://www.dep.state.fl.us/evergladesforever/about/glossary.htm#}}</ref> Primarily, the factor that distinguishes wetlands frae ither laund furms or watter bodies is the characteristic [[vegetation]] that is adaptit tae its unique sile condeetions: Wetlands conseest primarily o [[hydric soil]], which supports [[aquatic plants]].<ref name="Official Macquarie Dictionary">{{cite book
|editor= Butler S.
|title=Macquarie Concise Dictionary
|edition=5th
|year=2010
|publisher=Macquarie Dictionary Publishers Ltd
|location=Sydney Australia
|isbn=978-1-876429-85-0}}
</ref><ref name="ramsar">{{cite web | title = Official page of the Ramsar Convention| accessdate = 2011-09-25 | url = http://www.ramsar.org/cda/en/ramsar-pubs/main/ramsar/1-30_4000_0__}}</ref>

{{Linkrot}}

'''Lundy''' is a smaa island in the [[Bristol Channel]], aboot 12 mile frae the nortren shore o [[Devon]]. It is aboot 3.5 mile long an ½ mile wide. Aboot 30 fawk live on the island, an 17,000&ndash;20,000 [[Tourism|tourists]] visit it in one year.<ref name="The Independent">{{cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/travel/news-and-advice/lundy-island-off-the-coast-of-devon-offers-the-chance-to-get-away-from-it-all-9821084.html|title=Forget far-away lands: Lundy Island, off the coast of Devon, offers the chance to 'get away from it all|accessdate=7 May 2019|magazine=The Independent|date=October 27, 2014|archive-date=2019-05-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190507125039/https://www.independent.co.uk/travel/news-and-advice/lundy-island-off-the-coast-of-devon-offers-the-chance-to-get-away-from-it-all-9821084.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="The Guardian">{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2009/jan/05/lundy-island|title= Welcome to Lundy, where it feels like the 1950s - and Britain is still booming|accessdate=7 May 2019|magazine=The Guardian|date=January 5, 2009}}</ref>

|date = 2017
|familycolor = Indo-European
|fam2 = [[Italic leids|Italic]]
|fam3 = [[Romance leids|Romance]]
|fam4 = [[Wastren Romance leids|Wastren]]
|fam5 = [[Gallo-Romance leids|Gallo-Romance]]
|fam6 = [[Oïl leids|Oïl]]
| ancestor = [[Auld Norman]]
|dia1 = [[Auregnais]]
|dia2 = [[Guernésiais]]
|dia3 = [[Jèrriais]]
|dia4 = [[Sercquiais]]
|dia5 = [[Augeron]]
|dia6 = [[Cauchois byleid|Cauchois]]
|dia7 = [[Cotentinais]]
|dia8 = 
|script = [[Latin script|Latin]] ([[French orthography]])
|iso3=nrf
|iso3comment=(partial:  [[Guernésiais]] & [[Jèrriais]])
|ietf={{wikidata|property|references|P305}}
|glotto=norm1245
|glottoname=Normand
|lingua=51-AAA-hc & 51-AAA-hd
|map=Langue normande.png
|mapcaption=Airts whaur the Norman leid is strangest the day include Jersey, Guernsey, the Cotentin an the Pays de Caux.
}}

A '''macromolecule''' is a very muckle [[molecule]] commonly creatit bi [[polymerization]] o smawer subunits.

porcelain vase datit tae 1403–1424]]
A '''ceramic''' is an [[inorganic]], nonmetallic [[solit]] comprisin [[metal]], [[nonmetal]] or [[metalloid]] atoms primarily held in [[ionic bondin|ionic]] an [[Covalent Bond|covalent]] bonds.

{{Chembox
| Watchedfields = chynged
| verifiedrevid = 451527415
| ImageFile1 = File:Ozone-1,3-dipole.png
| ImageFile1_Ref = {{chemboximage|correct|??}}
| ImageName1 = Skeletal formula o ozone wi pairtial chairges shawn
| ImageFileR2 = Ozone-CRC-MW-3D-vdW.png
| ImageFileR2_Ref = {{chemboximage|correct|??}}
| ImageNameR2 = Spacefill model o ozone
| ImageFileL2 = Ozone-CRC-MW-3D-balls.png
| ImageFileL2_Ref = {{chemboximage|correct|??}}
| ImageNameL2 = Baw an stick model o ozone
| IUPACName = Trioxygen
|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
| IUPHAR_ligand = 6297
| CASNo = 10028-15-6
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| PubChem = 24823
| ChemSpiderID = 23208
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| UNII = 66H7ZZK23N
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| EINECS = 233–069–2
| MeSHName = Ozone
| RTECS = RS8225000
| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEBI = 25812
| Gmelin = 1101
| SMILES = [O-][O+]=O
| SMILES1 = [O-][O+][O-]
| StdInChI = 1S/O3/c1-3-2
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| InChI = 1/O3/c1-3-2
| StdInChIKey = CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| InChIKey = CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYAY
}}
|Section2={{Chembox Properties
| Solvent =
| O=3
| Appearance = colourless tae pale blue gas<ref name=PGCH/>
| Odor = pungent<ref name=PGCH/>
| Density = 2.144 mg cm<sup>−3</sup> (at 0&nbsp;°C)
| Solubility = 1.05 g L<sup>−1</sup> (at 0&nbsp;°C)
| SolubleOther = very soluble in [[carbon tetrachloride|CCl<sub>4</sub>]], [[sulfuric acid]]
| MeltingPtK = 81
| BoilingPtK = 161
| RefractIndex = 1.2226 (liquid), 1.00052 (gas, STP, 546 nm&nbsp;— note heich dispersion)<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Cuthbertson|first1=Clive|last2=Cuthbertson|first2=Maude|title=On the Refraction and Dispersion of the Halogens, Halogen Acids, Ozone, Steam Oxides of Nitrogen, and Ammonia|journal=[[Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A]]|date=1914|volume=213|pages=1–26|doi=10.1098/rsta.1914.0001|url=https://archive.org/stream/philtrans08506476/08506476#page/n17/mode/1up|accessdate=4 February 2016|bibcode = 1914RSPTA.213....1C }}</ref>
| VaporPressure = >1 atm (20&nbsp;°C)<ref name=PGCH/>
}}
|Section3={{Chembox Structure
| SpaceGroup = C<sub>2v</sub>
| Coordination = Digonal
| MolShape = Dihedral
| OrbitalHybridisation = ''sp''<sup>2</sup> for O1
| Dipole = 0.53 D
}}
|Section4={{Chembox Thermochemistry
| DeltaHf = 142.67 kJ mol<sup>−1</sup>
| Entropy = 238.92 J K<sup>−1</sup> mol<sup>−1</sup>
}}
|Section5={{Chembox Hazards
| EUClass = {{Hazchem O}}{{Hazchem Xi}}
| NFPA-H = 2
| NFPA-F = 0
| NFPA-R = 4
| NFPA-S = Ox
| IDLH = 5 ppm<ref name=PGCH>{{PGCH|0476}}</ref>
| REL = C 0.1 ppm (0.2 mg/m<sup>3</sup>)<ref name=PGCH/>
| PEL = TWA 0.1 ppm (0.2 mg/m<sup>3</sup>)<ref name=PGCH/>
| LCLo = 12.6 ppm (mouse, 3 hr)<br/>50 ppm (human, 30 min)<br/>36 ppm (rabbit, 3 hr)<br/>21 ppm (mouse, 3 hr)<br/>21.8 ppm (rat, 3 hr)<br/>24.8 ppm (guinea pig, 3 hr)<br/>4.8 ppm (rat, 4 hr)<ref>{{IDLH|10028156|Ozone}}</ref>
}}
|Section8={{Chembox Related
| OtherCompounds = [[Sulfur dioxide]]<br />[[Trisulfur]]<br />[[Disulfur monoxide]]<br />[[Cyclic ozone]]
}}
}}
'''Ozone''' (seestematically named '''1λ<sup>1</sup>,3λ<sup>1</sup>-trioxidane''' an '''''catena''-trioxygen'''), or '''trioxygen''', is an inorganic molecule wi the [[chemical formula]] '''{{Chem|O|3|}}'''. It is a pale blue gas wi a distinctively pungent smell. It is an [[allotrope]] o [[oxygen]] that is much less stable nor the [[diatomic]] allotrope {{Chem|O|2}}, breakin doun in the lawer atmosphere tae normal [[dioxygen]]. Ozone is formed frae dioxygen bi the action o [[ultraviolet]] licht an an aa atmospheric electrical discharges, an is present in law concentrations throuoot the [[Yird's atmosphere]] (stratosphere). In tot, ozone maks up anly {{val|0.6|ul=ppm}} o the atmosphere.

{{Automatic taxobox
| name          = Grasses
| fossil_range  = [[Early Cretaceous]]<ref name=NSR>{{Cite journal|author1=Yan Wu |author2=Hai-Lu You |author3=Xiao-Qiang Li |year=2018 |title=Dinosaur-associated Poaceae epidermis and phytoliths from the Early Cretaceous of China |journal=National Science Review |volume=5 |issue=5 |pages=721–727 |doi=10.1093/nsr/nwx145}}</ref> – recent, {{fossilrange|Barremian|0}}
| image         = Meadow Foxtail head.jpg
| image_caption = Flouering heid o meadow foxtail (''[[Alopecurus pratensis]]''), wi stamens exertit at anthesis
| taxon         = Poaceae
| authority     = [[John Hendley Barnhart|Barnhart]]<ref name="APGIII2009">{{Cite journal |last=Angiosperm Phylogeny Group |year=2009 |title=An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III |journal=Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=161 |issue=2 |pages=105–121 |url=http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122630309/abstract |archive-url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20170525104318/http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x/abstract |dead-url=yes |archive-date=2017-05-25 |format=PDF |accessdate=2013-06-26 |doi=10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x }} {{Webarchive|url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20170525104318/http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x/abstract |date=2017-05-25 }}</ref>
| synonyms      = Gramineae&nbsp;<small>[[Juss.]]</small>
| synonyms_ref  = <ref>{{cite journal|last1=HASTON|first1=ELSPETH|last2=RICHARDSON|first2=JAMES E.|last3=STEVENS|first3=PETER F.|last4=CHASE|first4=MARK W.|last5=HARRIS|first5=DAVID J.|title=The Linear Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (LAPG) III: a linear sequence of the families in APG III|journal=Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society|date=October 2009|volume=161|issue=2|pages=128–131|doi=10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.01000.x}}</ref>
| type_genus    = ''[[Poa]]''
| type_genus_authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]
| subdivision_ranks = Subfaimilies
| subdivision   =
* [[Anomochlooideae]]
* [[Aristideae|Aristidoideae]]
* [[Arundinoideae]]
* [[Bambusoideae]]
* [[Chloridoideae]]
* [[Danthonieae|Danthonioideae]]
* [[Ehrhartoideae]]
* [[Micrairoideae]]
* [[Panicoideae]]
* [[Pharoideae]]
* [[Pooideae]]
* [[Puelioideae]]
}}

{{Automatic taxobox
| taxon = Malpighiales
| fossil_range= Mid [[Cretaceous]] – Recent {{fossilrange|100|0}}
| image =Starr_010309-0546_Calophyllum_inophyllum.jpg
| image_caption = Flouer o ''[[Calophyllum inophyllum]]'' ([[Calophyllaceae]])
| authority = [[Antoine Laurent de Jussieu|Juss.]] ''ex'' [[Friedrich von Berchtold|Bercht.]] & [[Jan Svatopluk Presl|J.Presl]]<ref name="apgiii"/>
| subdivision_ranks = Faimilies
| subdivision =
*[[Achariaceae]]
*[[Balanopaceae]]
*[[Bonnetiaceae]]
*[[Calophyllaceae]]
*[[Caryocaraceae]]
*[[Centroplacaceae]]
*[[Chrysobalanaceae]]
*[[Clusiaceae]]
*[[Ctenolophonaceae]]
*[[Dichapetalaceae]]
*[[Elatinaceae]]
*[[Erythroxylaceae]]
*[[Euphorbiaceae]]
*[[Euphroniaceae]]
*[[Goupiaceae]]
*[[Humiriaceae]]
*[[Hypericaceae]]
*[[Irvingiaceae]]
*[[Ixonanthaceae]]
*[[Lacistemataceae]]
*[[Linaceae]]
*[[Lophopyxidaceae]]
*[[Malpighiaceae]]
*[[Ochnaceae]]
*[[Pandaceae]]
*[[Passifloraceae]]
*[[Peraceae]]
*[[Phyllanthaceae]]
*[[Picrodendraceae]]
*[[Podostemaceae]]
*[[Putranjivaceae]]
*[[Rafflesiaceae]]
*[[Rhizophoraceae]]
*[[Salicaceae]]
*[[Trigoniaceae]]
*[[Violaceae]]
| synonyms = Rhizophorales
}}
'''Malpighiales''' is ane o the lairgest [[Order (biology)|orders]] o [[flouerin plant]]s, containin aboot 16000 [[species]], approximately 7.8% o the [[eudicots]].<ref name="malpighiales">Peter F. Stevens (2001 onwards). [http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/Research/APweb/orders/malpighialesweb.htm#Malpighiales Malpighiales] At: [http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/Research/APweb/welcome.html Angiosperm Phylogeny Website] At: [http://www.mobot.org Missouri Botanical Garden Website]</ref> The order is very diverse, containin plants as different as the willow, violet, ''[[Poinsettia]]'' an coca plant, an haird tae recognize except wi [[molecular phylogenetic]] evidence. It is nae pairt o ony o the [[Systematics|classification]] seestems that are based anly on [[plant morphology]].

{{fixscots}}
{{Taxobox
| name = ''Betta''
| image = Betta_albimarginata_060311_8.jpg
| image_width = 250px
| image_caption = ''[[Betta albimarginata]]''
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]]
| classis = [[Actinopterygii]]
| ordo = [[Perciform]]es
| familia = [[Osphronemidae]]
| genus = '''''Betta'''''
| genus_authority = [[Pieter Bleeker|Bleeker]], 1850
| subdivision_ranks = [[Species]]
| subdivision =
''[[Betta persephone|B. persephone]]'' <br />
''[[Betta picta|B. picta]]'' - spotted betta<br />
''[[Betta pugnax|B. pugnax]]'' - Penang betta<br />
''[[Betta splendens|B. splendens]]'' - Siamese fighting fish<br />
<center>''and others (see text)''</center>
}}
'''Betta''' {{IPAc-en|ˈ|b|ɛ|t|ə}} is a lairge genus o smaa, eften colourfu, [[freshwatter]] ray-finned fishes in the gourami [[faimily (biology)|faimily]] (Osphronemidae). The type species is ''B. picta,'' the spottit betta.<ref name="fishbase">{{FishBase_genus|genus=Betta|month=March|year=2006}}</ref>
Bi far the best kent ''Betta'' species, houevir, is ''B. splendens,'' the Siamese fichtin fish.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-01-26|title=The Only Betta Fish Care Guide You Will Need {{!}} Fish Keeping Advice|url=https://fishkeepingadvice.com/betta-fish-care/|access-date=2023-03-20|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Learn Everything You Need to Know About Betta Fish|url=https://www.thesprucepets.com/siamese-fighting-fish-bettas-1378308|access-date=2023-03-20|website=The Spruce Pets|language=en}}</ref>

instead -->
| type                    = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment]]
| image_skyline           = Macon - Prefecture.JPG
| image_alt               = 
| image_caption           = [[Prefecturs in Fraunce|Prefectur]] biggin o the Saône-et-Loire depairtment, in Mâcon
| image_flag              = 
| flag_alt                = 
| image_shield            = Blason département fr Saône-et-Loire.svg
| shield_alt              = 
| nickname                = 
| motto                   = 
| image_map               = Saône-et-Loire-Position.svg
| map_alt                 = 
| map_caption             = Location o Saône-et-Loire in Fraunce
| pushpin_map             = 
| pushpin_label_position  = 
| pushpin_map_alt         = 
| pushpin_map_caption     = 
| coordinates             = {{coord|46|40|N|04|42|E|region:FR_type:adm2nd_scale:1000000_source:frwiki|display=inline}}
| coor_pinpoint           = 
| coordinates_footnotes   = 
| subdivision_type        = [[Leet o kintras|Kintra]]
| subdivision_name        = [[Fraunce]]
| subdivision_type1       = [[Regions o Fraunce|Region]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[Burgundy]]
| established_title       = 
| established_date        = 
| founder                 = 
| seat_type               = [[Prefecturs in Fraunce|Prefectur]]
| seat                    = [[Mâcon]]
| parts_type              = [[Subprefecturs in Fraunce|Subprefecturs]]
| parts_style             = para
| p1                      = [[Autun]]<br>[[Chalon-sur-Saône]]<br>[[Charolles]]<br>[[Louhans]]
| government_footnotes    = 
| leader_party            = 
| leader_title            = [[Preses o the general cooncil|Preses o the General Cooncil]]
| leader_name             = [[Arnaud Montebourg]]
| unit_pref               = Metric<!-- or US or UK -->
| area_magnitude          = 
| area_footnotes          = {{ref|area|1}}
| area_total_km2          = 8575
| area_note               = 
| elevation_footnotes     = 
| elevation_m             = 
| elevation_min_m         = 
| elevation_max_m         = 
| population_footnotes    = 
| population_total        = 571193
| population_as_of        = 2007
| population_rank         = [[Leet o French depairtments bi population|43nd]]
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_demonym      = 
| population_note         = 
| blank_name_sec1         = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment nummer]]
| blank_info_sec1         = 71
| blank_name_sec2         = [[Arrondissements o Fraunce|Arrondissements]]
| blank_info_sec2         = [[arrondissements o the Saône-et-Loire depairtment|5]]
| blank1_name_sec2        = [[Cantons in Fraunce|Cantons]]
| blank1_info_sec2        = [[cantons o the Saône-et-Loire depairtment|57]]
| blank2_name_sec2        = [[Communes in Fraunce|Communes]]
| blank2_info_sec2        = [[communes o the Saône-et-Loire depairtment|573]]
| timezone1               = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset1             = +1
| timezone1_DST           = [[Central European Simmer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset1_DST         = +2
| postal_code_type        = 
| postal_code             = 
| area_code_type          = 
| area_code               = 
| iso_code                = 
| website                 = 
| footnotes               = {{note|area|1}} French Land Register data, which exclude [[estuar]]s, an lochs, ponds, an glaciers lairger than 1 km<sup>2</sup>
}}
'''Saône-et-Loire''' ({{IPA-fr|soː.n‿e.lwaʁ}}; [[Arpitan]]: ''Sona-et-Lêre'') is a [[France|French]] [[depairtments o Fraunce|depairtment]], namit efter the [[Saône]] an the [[Loire]] rivers atween which it lees.

{{Automatic taxobox
| taxon = Liliales
| fossil_range = {{fossil range|120|0}}[[Early Cretaceous]]- Recent
| image = Lilium martagon 250605a.jpg
| image_caption = ''[[Lilium martagon]]'' (Martagon lily)
| authority = [[Karl Julius Perleb|Perleb]] (1826){{sfn|APG III|2009}}
| subdivision_ranks = Faimilies
| subdivision = [[Alstroemeriaceae]]<br/>
[[Campynemataceae]]<br/>
[[Colchicaceae]]<br/>
[[Corsiaceae]]<br/>
[[Liliaceae]]<br/>
[[Melanthiaceae]]<br/>
[[Petermannia]]ceae<br/>
[[Philesiaceae]]<br/>
[[Ripogonaceae]]<br/>
[[Smilacaceae]]
| type_species=''[[Lilium candidum]]'' <small>[[L.]]</small>
}}
'''Liliales''' is an order o [[monocotyledon]]ous [[flouerin plant]]s. This order o necessity includes the faimily [[Liliaceae]], but baith the faimily an the order hae haed a widely disputit history, wi the circumscription varyin greatly frae ane taxonomist tae another. Weel kent plants frae the order include ''[[Lilium]]'' (lily), [[tulip]], the North American wildflouer ''[[Trillium]]'', an [[Smilax|greenbrier]].

[[Image:Gaz69-2.jpg|300px|right|thumb|GAZ-69]]
'''GAZ-69''' wis a [[fower wheel drive]] licht truck, produced bi [[GAZ]] (ГАЗ, or ''Gorkovskij Awtomobilnyj Zavod'') atween [[1953]] an [[1955]]. Frae [[1954]] till [[1972]] it wis produced bi [[UAZ]], as '''UAZ-69''', though they wur commonly kent as GAZ-69s as well. 

{{Year nav|2000}}

{{Fix Scots|date=September 2021}}

|Bundesland         = Baden-Württemberg
|Regierungsbezirk   = Stuttgart
|Landkreis          = Rems-Murr-Kreis
|Höhe               = 291
|Fläche             = 71.13
|Einwohner          = 14264<!-- Bitte nicht per Hand aktualisieren: [[Wikipedia:WikiProjekt_Kommunen_und_Landkreise_in_Deutschland/Einwohnerzahlen]] -->
|Stand              = 2006-12-31
|PLZ                = 71540
|PLZ-alt            = 7157
|Vorwahl            = 07192<br />(07184 in the Ceety Destrict o Kirchenkirnberg)
|Kfz                = WN (umwhile BK)
|Gemeindeschlüssel  = 08 1 19 044
|LOCODE             = DE MHT
|Gliederung         = 3 [[Stadtbezirk]]e
|Straße             = Marktplatz 10
|Website            = [http://www.murrhardt.de/ www.murrhardt.de]
|Bürgermeister      = Armin Mößner
}}
'''Murrhardt''' is a toun in the [[Rems-Murr-Kreis]], in [[Baden-Württemberg]], [[Germany]]. It is locatit 12&nbsp;km east o [[Backnang]], an 18&nbsp;km soothwast o [[Schwäbisch Hall]]. The source o the [[Murr (river)|Murr]] is situated in Murrhardt.

{{taxobox
|name = Kerse
|image = Watercress (2).JPG
|image_caption = ''Nasturtium officinale''
|regnum = [[Plantae]]
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Rosids]]
|ordo = [[Brassicales]]
|familia = [[Brassicaceae]]
|genus = ''[[Nasturtium (genus)|Nasturtium]]''
|species = '''''N. officinale'''''
|binomial = ''Nasturtium officinale''
|binomial_authority = [[W.T. Aiton]]
|synonyms = 
''Nasturtium nasturtium-aquaticum'' <small>([[L.]]) [[H. Karst.]]</small><br />
''Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum''  <small>(L.) Hayek</small><br />
''Sisymbrium nasturtium-aquaticum'' <small>L.</small>
}}
'''Kerses''' is fast-growin, watter or naur-watter, perennial plants, an ane o the auldest kent leaf vegetables etten by fowk. Thir plants is members o the Faimily ''Brassicaceae'' an is sib tae [[kail]] an [[skelloch]] — aw wi a merkit snell, peppery gust.

{{fixscots}}

The '''Oort clood''' {{IPAc-en|ˈ|ɔr|t}}<ref>{{OED|Oort}}</ref> (named efter the [[Dutch fowk|Dutch]] astronomer [[Jan Oort]]), or '''Öpik–Oort clood''',<ref name = "Whipple">{{Cite journal | last = Whipple | first = F. L.  | authorlink = Fred Lawrence Whipple | coauthors = Turner, G.; McDonnell, J. A. M.; Wallis, M. K. | title = A Review of Cometary Sciences | url = http://rsta.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/323/1572/339.short | journal = [[Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A]] | volume = 323 | issue = 1572 | pages = 339–347 [341] | publisher = [[Royal Society Publishing]] | date = 1987-09-30 | bibcode = 1987RSPTA.323..339W | doi = 10.1098/rsta.1987.0090}}</ref> is a [[hypothesis|hypothesized]] spherical clood o predominantly [[volatiles|icy]] [[planetesimal]]s that mey lie roughly 50,000 [[astronomical unit|AU]], or nearly a [[licht-year]], frae the [[Sun]].<ref name="Morbidelli2006">{{cite arxiv |author=Alessandro Morbidelli |year=2006 |title=Origin and dynamical evolution of comets and their reservoirs of water ammonia and methane. |class=astro-ph |eprint=astro-ph/0512256}}</ref> This places the clood at nearly a quarter o the distance tae [[Proxima Centauri]], the nearest [[starn]] tae the Sun.

{{Chembox|Watchedfields=chynged|verifiedrevid=477167214|ImageFile=Ethylene-CRC-MW-dimensions-2D.png|ImageSize=160px|ImageFileL1=Ethylene-CRC-MW-3D-balls.png|ImageFileR1=Ethylene-3D-vdW.png|IUPACName=Ethene|OtherNames=|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = 91GW059KN7
| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}}
| KEGG = C06547
| InChIKey = VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYAE
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/C2H4/c1-2/h1-2H2
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N
| CASNo = 74-85-1
| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEMBL = 117822
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| PubChem = 6325
| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEBI = 18153
| SMILES = C=C
| InChI=1/C2H4/c1-2/h1-2H2
| EC_number = 200-815-3
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 6085
  }}|Section2={{Chembox Properties
| Formula = {{chem|C|2|H|4}}
| MolarMass = 28.05 g/mol
| Appearance = colourless gas
| Density = 1.178&nbsp;kg/m<sup>3</sup> at 15&nbsp;°C, gas<ref name="GESTIS">{{GESTIS|ZVG=12710|Name=Ethylene|Date=25 October 2007}}</ref>
| MeltingPtC = -169.2
| BoilingPtC = -103.7
| Solubility = 3.5&nbsp;mg/100 mL (17&nbsp;°C);{{Citation needed|date=May 2011}} 2.9&nbsp;mg/L<ref name="neilands">Neiland, O. Ya. (1990) ''Органическая химия: Учебник для хим. спец. вузов''. Moscow. Vysshaya Shkola. p. 128.</ref>
| Solubility1 = 4.22&nbsp;mg/L<ref name="neilands" />
| Solvent1 = ethanol
| Solubility2 = guid<ref name="neilands" />
| Solvent2 = diethyl ether
| pKa = 44
| ConjugateAcid = [[Ethenium]]
| MagSus = -15.30·10<sup>−6</sup> cm<sup>3</sup>/mol  }}|Section3={{Chembox Structure
| MolShape = D<sub>2h</sub>
| Dipole = zero
  }}|Section4={{Chembox Thermochemistry
| DeltaHf = +52.47 kJ/mol
| DeltaHc =
| Entropy = 219.32 J·K<sup>−1</sup>·mol<sup>−1</sup>
| HeatCapacity =
  }}|Section7={{Chembox Hazards
| ExternalSDS = [http://www.inchem.org/documents/icsc/icsc/eics0475.htm ICSC 0475]
| EUClass = {{Hazchem F+}}
| RPhrases = {{R12}} {{R67}}
| SPhrases = {{(S2)}} {{S9}} {{S16}} {{S33}} {{S46}}
| NFPA-H = 2
| NFPA-F = 4
| NFPA-R = 2
| NFPA-S =
| FlashPtC = -136
| AutoignitionPtC = 542.8
  }}<ref>[http://cameochemicals.noaa.gov/chemical/8655 ETHYLENE | CAMEO Chemicals | NOAA]. Cameochemicals.noaa.gov. Retrieved on 2016-04-24.</ref>|Section8={{Chembox Related
| OtherFunction =
| OtherFunction_label =
| OtherCompounds = [[Ethane]]<br />[[Acetylene]] <br />[[Propene]]
  }}||}}

{{Fixscots}}

{| class="infobox" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse:collapse; clear:right; width:260px;"
|+ <big>'''Isle o Anglesey'''<br>'''Ynys Môn'''<br></big>
|-
| colspan=2 style="text-align: center; background: white;"|
|-
| colspan=2 style="background: #f0f0f0; font-weight: bolder;"|Geography
|-
! style="font-weight: normal;" | '''[[Surface aurie|Aurie]]'''<br />- Total<br />- % Watter
| [[Leet o Welsh principal auries bi aurie|Ranked 9t]]<br />714&nbsp;km² (276&nbsp;sq&nbsp;mi)<br />0.7%
|-
! Admeen HQ
| [[Llangefni]]
|-
! Lairgest toun
| [[Holyhead]]
|-
! [[ISO 3166-2:GB|ISO 3166-2]]
| GB-AGY
|-
! [[ONS codin seestem|ONS code]]
| 00NA
|-
| colspan=2 style="background: #f0f0f0; font-weight: bolder;"|Demographics
|-
! style="font-weight: normal;" | '''[[Population]]''':<br />- Total ({{Welsh council population|TXT=Year}})<br />- [[Densitie]]<br />&nbsp;
|[[Leet o Welsh principal auries bi population|Ranked {{Welsh council population|RNK=00NA}}]]<br />{{Welsh council population|POP=00NA}}<br />[[Leet o Welsh principal auries bi population density|Ranked {{Welsh council population|DRK=00NA}}]]<br />{{Welsh council population|DEN=00NA}} / km² (251/sq&nbsp;mi)
|-
! Ethnicity
| 98.1% White
|-
! style="font-weight: normal;" | '''[[Welsh leid]]'''<br />- Ony skills
| [[Leet o Welsh principal auries bi percentage Welsh leid|Ranked 2nt]]<br />70.4%
|-
| colspan=2 style="background: #f0f0f0; font-weight: bolder;"|Politics
|-
| colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"|[[Isle o Anglesey Coonty Cooncil]]<br />http://www.anglesey.gov.uk
|-
! Control
|{{Welsh council control|ONS=00NA}}
|-
! [[MPs electit in the UK general election, 2010|Member o Parliament]]
|
*[[Albert Owen]]
|-
![[Members o the National Assembly for Wales|Assembly Members]]
|
*[[Ieuan Wyn Jones]]<br />(Constituency)
*[[North Wales (Naitional Assembly for Wales electoral region)|North Wales]]<br />(Regional)
|-
!'''[[Member o the European Parliament|MEPs]]'''||[[European Parliament election, 2004 (UK)#Wales|Wales]]
|}

{{About|the place Karayılan|the Turkis Kurdish guerrilla|Murat Karayılan}}

{{Coord|20|S|175|W|display=title}}

{{fixscots|date=October 2020}}

{{infobox nobility
|name=Diane Adélaïde de Mailly
|title=Duchess o Lauraguais
|image=Diane Adélaïde de Mailly-Nesle.jpg
|caption= Diane Adélaïde de Mailly bi Nattier.
|full name= Diane Adélaïde de Mailly
|spouse=Louis de Brancas, Duke o Lauraguais
|father=[[Louis de Mailly, Marquis o Nesle]]
|mother=[[Armande Félice de La Porte]]
|birth_date=Mairch 1714
|birth_place=[[Paris]], [[Fraunce]]
|death_place= Paris, Fraunce
|death_date =30 November 1769 (aged 55)
}}

{{Itheruises|the ainimal|the airticle aboot roads (an it's auld farrant spellin gait)|Gate}}
{{subspeciesbox
| name = Domestic gait
| fossil_range = {{Fossil range|.01|0}} [[Neolithic]] – Recent
| status = DOM
| image = Hausziege 04.jpg
| image_caption = A [[pygmy gait]] on a [[Tree stump|stump]]
| genus = Capra
| species = aegagrus
| species_link = Wild gait
| subspecies = hircus
| authority = ([[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], [[10t edeetion o Systema Naturae|1758]])
| synonyms = ''Capra hircus'' {{small|Linnaeus,&nbsp;1758}}<br/>
''Capra depressa'' {{small|Linnaeus,&nbsp;1758}}<br/>
''Capra mambrica'' {{small|Linnaeus,&nbsp;1758}}<br/>
''Capra reversa'' {{small|Linnaeus,&nbsp;1758}}
}}
The '''gait''' (''Capra aegagrus hircus'') is for ordinar kent as a hamelt breed o the wild gait frae soothwast [[Asie]] an Eastren [[Europe]]. The gait is aucht the ''Bovidae'' faimlie an is gey sib tae the sheep, baith bein pairt o the gait an antelope subfaimlie ''Caprinae''.
{{Commonscat|Capra aegagrus hircus}}

'''Dorothy J. Jackson''' (1892 - 1973) wis a Scots entomologist best kent for her wark on the [[naitural history]] an heirskip o flichtitness in [[water clocks]].<ref name="Latissimus">{{cite journal |last1=McLachlan |first1=Jack R |title=Dorothy J. Jackson FRES FLS, Scottish Entomologist: A Bibliography |journal=Latissimus |date=2018 |volume=42 |pages=10-13 |doi=10.13140/RG.2.2.15183.12960}}</ref> Wi thrift that raxt ower aicht decades, she furthset mair nor 70 scientific airticles on sindry aspects o entomology, maistlins anent [[clocks]] an [[butterflies]].<ref name="Latissimus" />

In [[Cheenese filosofie]], '''yin & yang''', aften shortened tae "yin-yang" or "yin yang", is concepts uised tae describe hou forces that seems tae be opposites o ither is actually complementary things that connects an lippens til ither in the naitural warld, an hou thay gie rise tae ither as thay interrelate tae ane anither.

in the [[Swiss Alps]] ([[Swiss Naitional Pairk|Naitional Pairk]])]]
A '''forest''', an aa referred tae as a '''wid''' or the '''wids''', is an aurie wi a heich density o [[trees]]. As wi ceeties, dependin on various cultural defineetions, what is considered a forest mey vary signeeficantly in size an hae different classifications accordin tae hou an o whit the forest is componed.<ref>Lund, H. Gyde (coord.) 2006. 'Definitions of Forest, Deforestation, Afforestation, and Reforestation'. Gainesville, VA: Forest Information Services. Available from: [http://home.comcast.net/~gyde/DEFpaper.htm ComcastNet-gyde].</ref>  A forest is uisually an aurie filled wi trees but ony taw densely packed aurie o vegetation mey be considered a forest, even unnerwatter vegetation sic as [[kelp forest]]s, or non-vegetation sic as [[fungi]],<ref>{{Cite book
  | last = Stamets
  | first = Paul
  | authorlink = Paul_Stamets
  | title = Mycelium Running
  | url = https://archive.org/details/myceliumrunningh00stam_0
  | publisher = Ten Speed Press
  | year = 2005
  | page = [https://archive.org/details/myceliumrunningh00stam_0/page/35 35]
  | isbn = 1-58008-579-2}}</ref> an [[bacteria]].  Tree forests kiver approximately 9.4 percent o the [[Yird]]'s surface (or 30 percent o tot land aurie), tho thay ance covered much mair (aboot 50 percent o tot land aurie).  Thay function as [[habitat (ecology)|habitat]]s for organisms, [[watter cycle|hydrologic flow]] [[modulator]]s, an [[syle]] conservers, constitutin ane o the maist important aspects o the [[biosphere]].

{{fixscots}}
{{taxobox
| name = ''Sedum telephium''
| image = Sedum telephium 240808e.jpg
| image_caption = ''S. telephium'' subsp. ''telephium''
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
| unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
| unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
| unranked_ordo = [[Core eudicots]]
| ordo = [[Saxifragales]]
| familia = [[Crassulaceae]]
| genus = ''[[Sedum]]''
| species = '''''S. telephium'''''
| binomial = ''Sedum telephium''
| binomial_authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]
|synonyms =
    {{Plainlist | style = margin-left: 1em; text-indent: -1em; |
*''Anacampseros albida'' <small>Haw. ex DC.</small>
*''Anacampseros arguta'' <small>Haw.</small>
*''Anacampseros aurigerana'' <small>Jord. & Fourr.</small>
*''Anacampseros beugesiaca'' <small>Jord. & Fourr.</small>
*''Anacampseros borderi'' <small>Jord. & Fourr.</small>
*''Anacampseros buxicola'' <small>Jord. & Fourr.</small>
*''Anacampseros conferta'' <small>Jord. & Fourr.</small>
*''Anacampseros convexa'' <small>Jord. & Fourr.</small>
*''Anacampseros dumeticola'' <small>Jord. & Fourr.</small>
*''Anacampseros julliana'' <small>Jord. & Fourr.</small>
*''Anacampseros lapidicola'' <small>Jord. & Fourr.</small>
*''Anacampseros lugdunensis'' <small>Jord. & Fourr.</small>
*''Anacampseros monticulorum'' <small>Jord. & Fourr.</small>
*''Anacampseros navieri'' <small>Jord. & Fourr.</small>
*''Anacampseros praecelsa'' <small>Jord. & Fourr.</small>
*''Anacampseros purpurea'' <small>Haw. ex DC.</small>
*''Anacampseros pycnantha'' <small>Jord. & Fourr.</small>
*''Anacampseros repens'' <small>Jord. & Fourr.</small>
*''Anacampseros rhodanensis'' <small>Jord. & Fourr.</small>
*''Anacampseros rubella'' <small>Jord. & Fourr.</small>
*''Anacampseros rupifraga'' <small>Jord. & Fourr.</small>
*''Anacampseros saxifraga'' <small>Jord. & Fourr.</small>
*''Anacampseros subalbida'' <small>Jord. & Fourr.</small>
*''Anacampseros triphylla'' <small>Haw.</small>
*''Anacampseros viridula'' <small>Jord. & Fourr.</small>
*''Anacampseros vogesiaca'' <small>Jord. & Fourr.</small>
*''Anacampseros vulgaris'' <small>Haw.</small>
*''Hylotelephium argutum'' <small>(Haw.) Holub</small>
*''Hylotelephium carpaticum'' <small>(G.Reuss) Soják</small>
*''Hylotelephium jullianum'' <small>(Boreau) Grulich</small>
*''Hylotelephium maritimum'' <small>(Bohuslav) Grulich</small>
*''Hylotelephium purpureum'' <small>(L.) Holub</small>
*''Hylotelephium sanguineum'' <small>(Ortega) Castrov. & Velayos</small>
*''Hylotelephium telephium'' <small>(L.) H.Ohba</small>
*''Hylotelephium triphyllum'' <small>(Haw.) Holub</small>
*''Hylotelephium vulgare'' <small>(Haw.) Holub</small>
*''Hylotelephium zhiguliense'' <small>Tzvelev</small>
*''Sedum argutum'' <small>(Haw.) Sweet</small>
*''Sedum carpaticum'' <small>G.Reuss</small>
*''Sedum fabaria'' <small>W.D.J.Koch</small> nom. illeg.
*''Sedum jullianum'' <small>Boreau</small>
*''Sedum maritimum'' <small>Bohuslav</small>
*''Sedum mugodscharicum'' <small>Boriss.</small>
*''Sedum purpurascens'' <small>W.D.J.Koch</small>
*''Sedum purpureum'' <small>(L.) Schult.</small>
*''Sedum sanguineum'' <small>Ortega</small>
*''Sedum triphyllum'' <small>(Haw.) Gray</small>
    }}
|synonyms_ref = <ref>{{citation
|url=http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2488984
|title=The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species
|accessdate=28 July 2016
|archive-date=2019-08-21
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190821005048/http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2488984
|url-status=dead
}}</ref>
}}
'''Orpie''', ''Sedum telephium'', eften cried ''Hylotelephium telephium'', is a [[succulent]] [[perennial plant|perennial]] [[grundkiver]]<ref name=mackensie>[https://books.google.com/books?id=u2MYhwxcVycC&pg=RA1-PA290&dq=witch's+moneybags ''Perennial ground covers''], [[David S. MacKenzie]], [[Timber Press]], 2002, p. 290, {{ISBN|978-0-88192-557-9}}</ref> o the faimily [[Crassulaceae]] native tae [[Eurasie]].

'''Parwān''' ([[Persie leid|Persie]]: پروان), an aw spelled '''Parvān''', ance an aw the name o an auncient toun in the [[Hindu Kush]] muntains,<ref name="EI">[[Richard Nelson Frye|Frye, Richard Nelson]] (1999). "Farwan (also Parwan)". ''[[Encyclopaedia of Islam]]'' CD-ROM Edition v. 1.0. Leiden, The Netherlands: Koninklijke Brill NV. Retrieved on 2007-12-18.</ref> is the day an admeenistrative province in northren [[Afghanistan]], directly north o [[Kabul Province]]. Its caipital is [[Charikar]].

{{fixscots}}
{{unsoorced}}

{{unsourced}}
{{stub}}

| rr              = Amsa-dong
| mr              = Amsa-tong
| area_km2        = 4.7
| pop             = 73377
| popnote         = <ref name="encyber" />
| popyear         = 2001
| popden_km2      = 15612
| popdennote      = 
| divs            = 
| map             = 
|mapcaption       = 
}}

This is a leet o the maist populous ceeties in the warld defined accordin tae a concept o [[ceety proper]] (an urban locality wioot its suburbs). A ceety proper is a locality defined accordin tae legal or poleetical boundaries an an admeenistratively recognised urban status that is uisually characterized bi some fairm o local govrenment.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://esa.un.org/unup/index.asp?panel=6 |title=World Urbanization Prospects: The 2007 Revision Population Database |publisher=Esa.un.org |date= |accessdate=2010-07-26 |archive-date=2010-08-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100822053414/http://esa.un.org/unup/index.asp?panel=6 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://millenniumindicators.un.org/unsd/demographic/sconcerns/densurb/densurbanNotes.htm |title=United Nations Statistics Division - Demographic and Social Statistics |publisher=Millenniumindicators.un.org |date= |accessdate=2010-07-26 |archive-date=2011-06-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110623192351/http://millenniumindicators.un.org/unsd/demographic/sconcerns/densurb/densurbanNotes.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Demographic Yearbook 2005, Volume 57 |year=2008 |publisher=United Nations |isbn=92-1-051099-2 |page=756 |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=OwfGJtkpCbwC&pg=PA241&lpg=PA241& |accessdate=2010-07-19 }}{{Dead link|date=August 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>

'''Prayer''' (frae the [[Laitin]] ''precari'' "ask earnestly, beg, entreat")<ref>{{cite web|last1=Harper|first1=Douglas|title=pray (v.)|url=http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=pray|website=etymonline.com|publisher=Online Etymology Dictionary|accessdate=30 December 2014}}</ref> is an [[invocation]] or act that seeks tae activate a [[rapport]] wi an object of[[worship]] through deliberate communication.

|type=Honorary title
|eligibility=Soviet an foreign ceetizens
|for= heroic feats in service tae the Soviet state an society
|campaign=
|status=No langer awairdit
|description=
|clasps=
|established=Aprile 16, 1934
|first_award=Aprile 20, 1934
|last_award=December 24, 1991
|total=12,775 
|posthumous=
|recipients=
|individual=
|higher=none
|same=
|lower=[[Order o Lenin]]
|related=[[Hero o the Roushie Federation]]
|image2=
|caption2=
}}
The title '''Hero o the Soviet Union''' ({{lang-ru|Герой Советского Союза|italic=yes}}) wis the heichest distinction in the [[Soviet Union]], awairdit personally or collectively for heroic feats in service tae the Soviet state an society.<ref name=GSEncy>{{Cite book  | last = Prokhorov  | first = Aleksandr Mikhaĭlovich | authorlink = Aleksandr Mikhailovich Prokhorov | title = Great Soviet Encyclopedia, Volume 6 | publisher = Macmillan | year = 1982 | location = New York  | pages = 594 | url =  | doi =  | id =  | isbn =  | oclc = 810278 }}</ref>

'''Pichilemu''' is a smaa toun in cenral [[Chile]]. It is the caipital o a [[gmina]] athin Cardenal Caro. It haes 12,392 indwallers, as o [[2002]].
{{Commonscat}}

|birth_place      = [[Desio]], [[Kinrick o Lombardy-Venetia|Lombardy-Venetia]], [[Austrick Empire]]
|dead             = dead
|death_date       = {{death date and age|1939|2|10|1857|5|31|df=y}}
|death_place      = [[Apostolic Palace]], [[Vatican Ceety]]
|other            = Pius
|previous_post    = {{unbulleted list|Titular Airchbishop o Naupactus (1919-1921)|Apostolic Nuncio tae Poland (1919-1921)|Titular Airchbishop o Adana (1921)|[[Airchbishop o Milan]] (1921–1922)|[[San Martino ai Monti|Cardinal-Priest o Santi Silvestro e Martino ai Monti]] (1921-1922)}}
|motto =  ''Raptim Transit'' (It gangs bi swiftly Job 6:15) <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.araldicavaticana.com/ratti_ambrogio_damiano_achille.htm |title=Ratti Ambrogio Damiano Achille |publisher=Araldicavaticana.com |date= |accessdate=2013-06-23}}</ref><br>''Pax Christi in Regno Christi'' (The Peace o Christ in the Realm o Christ)<ref name="Metzler">{{cite web|last=Metzler|first=Josef|title=The legacy of Pius XI|url=http://www.thefreelibrary.com/The+legacy+of+Pius+XI.-a014377467|work=International Bulletin of Missionary Research|accessdate=9 March 2013|date=Apr 1, 1993}}</ref>
|coat_of_arms     =  C o a Pio XI.svg
}}
'''Pape Pius XI''', born '''Ambrogio Damiano Achille Ratti''' ({{IPA-it|amˈbrɔdʒo daˈmjano aˈkille ˈratti}}; 31 Mey 1857 – 10 Februar 1939), wis the [[Pape|heid]] o the [[Roman Catholic Kirk|Roman Catholic Church]]  frae 6 Februar 1922 tae his daith in 1939. He wis the first [[sovereignty|sovereign]] o [[Vatican Ceety]] frae its creation as an independent state on 11 Februar 1929. He teuk as his papal motto, "Pax Christi in Regno Christi," translatit "The Peace o Christ in the Kinrick o Christ."

{{fixscots}}
{{Year dab|1914}}
{{Year nav|1914}}
'''1914''' is a year o the XXt century o the Gregorian calendar. Its equivalent is the year 1332 o the Islamic calendar.

The '''GEOnet Names Server''' ('''GNS''') provides access tae the [[Naitional Geospatial-Intelligence Agency]]'s (NGA) an the [[U.S. Buird on Geografic Names]]'s (BGN) database o geografic featur names an locations for locations ootside the [[Unitit States]].

{{fixscots|date=December 2020}}

'''Vegetation''' is general plant life an the [[grund cover]] providit bi plants.  Vegetation haes na parteecular taxa, life furms, structur, spatial extent, or ony ither specific botanical or geografic characteristics. It is broader nor ''[[Flora (plants)|flora]]'' which refers exclusively tae species composeetion. Aiblins the closest synonym is [[plant community]], but ''vegetation'' can, an eften daes, refer tae a wider range o spatial scales nor that term daes, includin scales as lairge as the global.  Primeval reidwid forests, coastal mangrove stands, sphagnum bogs, desert sile crusts, roadside weed patches, wheat fields, cultivatit gairdens an lawns; aw are encompassed bi the term ''vegetation''.

.]]
The '''French Republican Calendar''' ({{lang-fr|calendrier républicain français}}) or '''French Revolutionary Calendar''' (''calendrier révolutionnaire français'') wis a [[calendar]] creatit an implementit during the [[French Revolution]], an uised bi the French govrenment for aboot 12 years frae late 1793 tae 1805, an for 18 days bi the [[Paris Commune]] in 1871.
{{authority control}}
[[Category:French Republican Calendar| ]]
[[Category:Calendars]]
[[Category:Republicanism in Fraunce]]
[[Category:1792]]
[[Category:18t century in Europe]]

{{fixscots|date=Januar 2021}}

'''Donetsk Fowkrepublic''' or "'''DPR'''" an "'''DNR'''" ([[Ukrainian leid|ukr.]] ''Донецька Народна Республіка''; [[Russian language|rus.]] ''Донецкая Народная Республика'') is a [[separatism|secessionist]] [[govrenment]] controlling pairt o the eastren area o [[Donetsk]] [[Ukraine]].

'''Deveronvale''' plays thair gemmes at Princes Royal Park in [[Bamff]].

{{italic title}}
{{taxobox
|image =  Hibiscus flower TZ.jpg
|image_caption = ''[[Hibiscus rosa-sinensis]]''
|regnum = [[Plant]]ae
|divisio = [[Flouerin plant|Angiosperms]]
|classis = [[Eudicots]]
|ordo = [[Rosids]]
|ordo = [[Malvales]]
|familia = [[Malvaceae]]
|subfamilia = [[Malvoideae]]
|tribus=[[Hibisceae]]
|genus = '''''Hibiscus'''''
|genus_authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]
|synonyms = ''Bombycidendron'' <small>Zoll. & Moritzi</small><br/>
''Bombycodendron'' <small>Hassk.</small><br/>
''Brockmania'' <small>W.Fitzg.</small><br/>
''Pariti'' <small>Adans.</small><br/>
''Wilhelminia'' <small>Hochr.</small><ref name="GRIN">{{cite web |url=http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/genus.pl?5665 |title=Genus: ''Hibiscus'' L |work=Germplasm Resources Information Network |publisher=United States Department of Agriculture |date=2007-10-05 |accessdate=2010-02-16 |archive-date=2010-05-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100528145907/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/genus.pl?5665 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|subdivision_ranks = [[Species]]
|subdivision = [[#Species|232 species]]
|}}

'''Tha Yird''' is tha thrid [[planet]] oot frae tha [[Sun]]. It is tha mukkilest o tha [[solar seestem]]'s fower stanie planets, an tha ae bodie that modren syense kens ti haud lyf. Tha planet cam thegither aboot 4.57 thoosan million yeir syn. Nae lang eftir (4.533 thoosan million yeir syn) it wis jyn'd bi [[the Muin|tha Muin]]. Tha solar seestem is made up o echt planets.

{{automatic taxobox
|name = Grebes
|fossil_range = [[Oligocene]]-[[Holocene]], {{fossilrange|25|0}}
|image = Podiceps nigricollis 001.jpg
|image_caption = [[Black-necked grebe]] (''Podiceps nigricollis nigricollis''), in non-breedin plumage
|display_parents = 3
|taxon = Podicipedidae
|parent_authority = [[Max Fürbringer|Fürbringer]], 1888
|authority = [[Charles Lucien Jules Laurent Bonaparte|Bonaparte]], 1831
|subdivision_ranks = Genera
|subdivision =
* †''[[Miobaptus]]''
* †''[[Miodytes]]''
* †''[[Pliolymbus]]''
* †''[[Thiornis]]''
*''[[Aechmophorus]]''
* ''[[Podicephorus]]''
*''[[Podiceps]]''
*''[[Podilymbus]]''
*''[[Poliocephalus (bird)|Poliocephalus]]''
*''[[Rollandia (bird)|Rollandia]]''
*''[[Tachybaptus]]''
}}
A '''grebe''' {{IPAc-en|ˈ|ɡ|r|iː|b}} is a member o the '''Podicipediformes''' [[order (biology)|order]], a widely distributit order o freshwatter divin [[Aves|bird]]s, some o which veesit the sea when [[Bird migration|migratin]] an in winter. This order contains anly a single [[faimily (biology)|family]], the '''Podicipedidae''', containin 22 [[species]] in 6 extant [[genus|genera]].

{{fixscots}}

{{fixscots|September 2020}}
{{stub}}

, the dictator o [[Chile]] frae [[11 September]] [[1973]] tae [[11 Mairch]] [[1990]].]]
 dictator [[Julius Caesar]].]]
A '''dictator''' is a ruler who daes nae rule through [[Democracy|democratic]] means.

shuit shawin three successive years o retained leafs.]]

</ref><ref name=Scragg>{{cite book |last1=Scragg |first1=D. G. |title=A History of English Spelling |date=1974 |publisher=Manchester University Press |isbn=978-0-7190-0553-4 |page=6 |url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=oeNRAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA6 |language=en}}</ref>
|dia2=[[Mercian dialect|Mercian]]<ref name=Campbell /><ref name=Scragg />
|dia3=[[Northumbrian dialect|Northumbrian]]<ref name=Campbell /><ref name=Scragg />
|dia4=[[Wast Saxon dialect (Auld Inglis)|Wast Saxon]]<ref name=Campbell /><ref name=Scragg />
|notice=
}}

{{Itheruises}}
{{Coord|33|50|N|35|50|E|display=title}}
 ([[Modren Staundart Arabic|Arabic]])<br /><small>{{transl|ar|''al-Jumhūrīyah al-Lubnānīyah''}}</small>
 | image_flag                  = Flag of Lebanon.svg
 | image_coat                  = Coat of Arms of Lebanon.svg
 | national_anthem             = {{unbulleted list |{{lower|0.1em|{{big|[[Lebanese Naitional Anthem|كلّنا للوطن]]}}}} |{{transl|ar|ISO|''Kulluna lil-watan''}} |{{small|''Aw O Us, For the Kintra!''}}}} <center></center>
 | image_map                   = Lebanon (orthographic projection).svg
 | image_map2                  = Lebanon - Location Map (2012) - LBN - UNOCHA.svg
 | capital                     = [[Beirut]]
 | coordinates                 = {{Coord|33|54|N|35|32|E|type:city}}
 | largest_city                = [[Beirut]]
 | official_languages    = [[Arabic leid|Arabic]]<ref group="nb">Airticle 11 o the [[Constitution o Lebanon]] states: "Arabic is the offeecial naitional leid. A law shall determine the cases in that the French leid can be used." See: [[French leid in Lebanon]]</ref>
 | demonym                     = [[Lebanese fowk|Lebanese]]
 | government_type = [[Unitar state|Unitar]] [[Pairlamentar seestem|pairlamentar]]<br>[[Confessionalism (politics)|multi-confessionalist]] [[republic]]<ref name="constitution">{{cite web |title=The Lebanese Constitution |publisher=Presidency of Lebanon |url=http://presidency.gov.lb/English/LebaneseSystem/Documents/Lebanese%20Constitution.pdf |format=PDF |accessdate=20 August 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120119201440/http://presidency.gov.lb/English/LebaneseSystem/Documents/Lebanese%20Constitution.pdf |archivedate=19 January 2012 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
 | leader_title1      = [[Leet o Preses o Lebanon|Preses]]
 | leader_name1       = [[Michel Aoun]] (ميشال عون)<ref name="Aoun">{{cite web|title=Results of 2nd round of Lebanon presidential election: Michel Aoun – 83 (winner); blank votes – 36; others/cancelled – 8|url=http://www.dailystar.com.lb/News/Lebanon-News/2016/Oct-31/378975-michel-aoun-secures-vote-majority-to-win-lebanon-presidency.ashx|website=The Daily Star|accessdate=October 31, 2016}}</ref>
 | leader_title2      = [[Prime Meenister o Lebanon|Prime Meenister]]
 | leader_name2       = [[Najib Mikati]] (نجيب ميقاتي)
 | leader_title3      = [[Leet o Speakers o the Pairlament o Lebanon|Speaker o the Pairlament]]
 | leader_name3       = [[Nabih Berri]] (نبيه برّي)
 | legislature        = [[Pairlament o Lebanon|Pairlament]]
 | established_event1 = [[Greater Lebanon]]
 | established_date1  = 1 September 1920
 | established_event2 = Constitution
 | established_date2  = 23 Mey 1926
 | established_event3 = Unthirldom declared
 | established_date3  = 22 November 1943
 | established_event4 = Unthirldom (Jyned UN / French Mandate endit)
 | established_date4  = 24 October 1945
 | established_event5 = Widrawal o [[Allies o Warld War II|French forces]]
 | established_date5  = 31 December 1946
 | area_km2                    =  10452
 | area_label                  = Tot
 | area_rank                   = 166t
 | area_sq_mi                  = 4036
 | percent_water               = 1.8
 | population_estimate         = 6,184,701<ref name="un">{{cite web|url=http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/DVD/|title=2015 Revision of World Population Prospects|work=[[United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html|title=The World Factbook 2015|work=CIA|access-date=2017-09-01|archive-date=2011-09-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927165947/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
 | population_estimate_year    = 2015
 | population_estimate_rank    = 112t
 | population_density_km2      =  560
 | population_density_sq_mi    = 1,450
 | population_density_rank     = 21st
 | GDP_PPP                     = $88.786&nbsp;billion<ref name=imf2>{{cite web |url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2017/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=2015&ey=2022&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&pr1.x=26&pr1.y=13&c=446&s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a=|title=Lebanon |publisher=[[International Monetary Fund]] |accessdate=25 July 2017}}</ref>
 | GDP_PPP_year                = 2017
 | GDP_PPP_rank                = 88t
 | GDP_PPP_per_capita          = $19,128<ref name=imf2/>
 | GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank     = 80t
 | GDP_nominal                 = $53.915&nbsp;billion<ref name=imf2/>
 | GDP_nominal_year            = 2017
 | GDP_nominal_rank            = 86t
 | GDP_nominal_per_capita      = $11,615<ref name=imf2/>
 | GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 71st
 |Gini = <!--number only--> 
| Gini_year                   = 
|Gini_change = <!--increase/decrease/steady--> 
|Gini_ref = 
|Gini_rank =
 | HDI                         = 0.763 <!--number only-->
 | HDI_year                    = 2015<!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year-->
 | HDI_change                  = decrease<!--increase/decrease/steady-->
 | HDI_ref                     = <ref name="HDI">{{cite web |url=http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/2016_human_development_report.pdf |title=2016 Human Development Report |year=2016 |accessdate=23 March 2017 |publisher=United Nations Development Programme}}</ref>
 | HDI_rank                    = 76th
 | currency                    = [[Lebanese poond]]
 | currency_code               = LBP
 | time_zone                   = [[Eastren European Time|EET]]
 | utc_offset                  = +2
 | utc_offset_DST              = +3
 | time_zone_DST               = [[Eastren European Simmer Time|EEST]]
 | drives_on                   = Richt<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.adcidl.com/Driving-in-Lebanon.html |title=Driving in Lebanon |publisher=adcidl.com |accessdate=17 January 2013 |archive-date=2013-01-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130117000049/http://www.adcidl.com/Driving-in-Lebanon.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>
 | calling_code                = [[Telephone nummers in Lebanon|+961]]<ref name="cia">{{CIA World Factbook link|le|Lebanon}}</ref>
 | cctld                       = [[.lb]]
 | area_magnitude              = 1 E10
 }}

{{Drugbox
| Verifiedfields = chynged
| Watchedfields = chynged
| verifiedrevid = 464366483
| IUPAC_name = (11β)-11,17,21-trihydroxypregn-4-ene-3,20-dione
| image = Cortisol2.svg
| width = 225
| image2 = Cortisol-3D-balls.png
<!--Clinical data -->
| pregnancy_AU = A
| pregnancy_US = C
| legal_US = OTC for topical admeenistration; Rx-anly for oral tablets , rectal uise an intravenous therapy
| legal_UK = POM
| legal_AU = Pharmacist anly
| routes_of_administration = Oral tablets, intravenous, topical, rectal
| Drugs.com = {{drugs.com|monograph|hydrocortisone}}
| MedlinePlus = a682206
| licence_US = Hydrocortisone
<!--Identifiers -->
| CAS_number_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}}
| CAS_number = 50-23-7
| ATC_prefix = A01
| ATC_suffix = AC03
| ATC_supplemental = {{ATC|A07|EA02}} {{ATC|C05|AA01}} {{ATC|D07|AA02}} {{ATC|H02|AB09}} {{ATC|S01|BA02}} {{ATC|S02|BA01}}
| PubChem = 5754
| DrugBank_Ref = {{drugbankcite|changed|drugbank}}
| DrugBank = DB00741
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 5551
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = WI4X0X7BPJ
| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}}
| KEGG = D00088
| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEBI = 17650
| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEMBL = 389621
<!--Chemical data -->
| C=21 | H=30 | O=5
| molecular_weight = 362.460 g/mol
| smiles = O=C4\C=C2/[C@]([C@H]1[C@@H](O)C[C@@]3([C@@](O)(C(=O)CO)CC[C@H]3[C@@H]1CC2)C)(C)CC4
| InChI = 1/C21H30O5/c1-19-7-5-13(23)9-12(19)3-4-14-15-6-8-21(26,17(25)11-22)20(15,2)10-16(24)18(14)19/h9,14-16,18,22,24,26H,3-8,10-11H2,1-2H3/t14-,15-,16-,18+,19-,20-,21-/m0/s1
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/C21H30O5/c1-19-7-5-13(23)9-12(19)3-4-14-15-6-8-21(26,17(25)11-22)20(15,2)10-16(24)18(14)19/h9,14-16,18,22,24,26H,3-8,10-11H2,1-2H3/t14-,15-,16-,18+,19-,20-,21-/m0/s1
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = JYGXADMDTFJGBT-VWUMJDOOSA-N
}}
'''Cortisol''' is a [[steroid hormone]], in the [[glucocorticoid]] cless o hormones, an is produced in humans bi the [[zona fasciculata]] o the [[adrenal cortex]] within the [[adrenal gland]].<ref name=About>{{cite web | author = Scott E | url = http://stress.about.com/od/stresshealth/a/cortisol.htm | title = Cortisol and Stress: How to Stay Healthy | publisher = About.com | date = 2011-09-22 | accessdate = 2011-11-29 | archive-date = 2012-11-01 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20121101171556/http://stress.about.com/od/stresshealth/a/cortisol.htm | url-status = dead }}{{better source|date=November 2012}}</ref>