[[Image:Water of Leith above Dean Village.jpg|thumb|250px|The Water of Leith, upriver from the [[Dean Village]], running through a wooded gorge past the ''[[Edinburgh#New Town|New Town]]''.]]
The '''Water of Leith''' (Scots Gaelic: Uisge Lìte) is the main [[river]] flowin throu [[Edinburgh]], [[Scotland]], tae the port o [[Leith]] whaur it tooms intae the [[Firth o Forth]].

{{unsoorced}}

A '''sauna''' is a smaw chaumer or hoose designed as a place tae expairience dry or weet heat sessions, or an estaiblishment wi ane or mair o thir an auxiliar faceelities. Thir faceelities derives frae the [[Finland|Finnish]] sauna. Sauna micht be uised as a verb describin the act o uisin a sauna an aw, or metaphorically for tae descrive a byordinar het or humid environment, e.g., "It feels like a sauna in here."

{{stub}}
A '''stane''' or '''stane wecht''' ({{lang-en|stone or stone weight}}) is a unit o mass in the Inglis and imperial system o wechts an measures uised in the [[Unitit Kinrick]], [[Ireland]]. A stane uises the symbol <nowiki>'''st'''</nowiki> an is equal tae 14 [[Pund|pund avoirdupois]] (aboot 6.35&nbsp;kg).<ref>{{Citation|title=Concise Oxford Dictionary|date=1964|contribution=stone|publisher=Oxford University Press}}.</ref> In [[SI|SI units]] it is equal tae 6.35 [[kilogram]]. The stane is aften uised in the Unitit Kinrick an Ireland whan speakin but wis prohibitit for purposes o commerce in the Unitit Kinrick bi the [[Weights and Measures Act of 1985]]<ref name="1985Act">{{Citation|title=Legislation.gov.uk|url=http://www.legislation.gov.uk|contribution=Weights and Measures Act 1985|contribution-url=http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1985/72/contents|accessdate=25 September 2014}}</ref> and in Ireland bi legislation in response tae the same [[EU directive]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1983/si/235/made/en/print|title=S.I. No. 235/1983 - European Communities ((Units of Measurement) Regulations, 1983.|last=|first=|date=|website=electronic Irish Statute Book|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=7 October 2020}}</ref>

{{italic title}}
{{taxobox
|name = Meidae spink
|image = Silene flos-cuculi flower - Niitvälja.jpg
|regnum = [[Plant]]ae
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Core eudicots]]
|ordo = [[Caryophyllales]]
|familia = [[Caryophyllaceae]]
|genus = ''[[Lychnis]]''
|species = '''''L. flos-cuculi'''''
|binomial = ''Lychnis flos-cuculi''
|binomial_authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]
|synonyms = ''Coronaria flos-cuculi'' <small>A.Braun (1843)</small><br>''Silene flos-cuculi'' <small>(L.) Greuter & Burdet (1982)</small>
}}
'''''Lychnis flos-cuculi''''', ('''meidae spink''', '''raggie-willie''', '''cock's kaim''', '''rags''', '''rag-a-tag''') is a yerbaceous perennial plant in the faimily [[Caryophyllaceae]].

sculptur "Research holding the torch of knowledge" (1896) bi [[Olin Levi Warner]]. Librar o Congress, Thomas Jefferson Biggin, Washington, D.C.]]
'''Resairch''' comprises "creative wirk unnertaken on a seestematic basis in order tae increase the stock o [[knawledge]], includin knawledge o humans, [[cultur]] an [[society]], an the uise o this stock o knawledge tae devise new applications."<ref>OECD (2002) Frascati Manual: proposed standard practice for surveys on research and experimental development, 6th edition. Retrieved 27 May 2012 from [http://www.oecd.org/sti/frascatimanual www.oecd.org/sti/frascatimanual].</ref>

{{coord|50.852|-1.222|display=title|region:GB_scale:50000}}
'''Catisfield''' is an aurie o [[Fareham]], [[Hampshire]], Ingland. Oreeginally a sma [[veelage]] in its awn richt, it haes nou mergit wi the wastren edge o the toun.

<small>''(The spirit of the arm is force on earth)''</small>
| anthem                  = <!--NO-->
| image_map               = Colima en México.svg
| map_caption             = State o Colima athin Mexico
| coor_pinpoint           =
| coordinates_footnotes   =
| subdivision_type        = [[Kintra]]
| subdivision_name        = [[Mexico]]
| subdivision_type1       = [[Caipital ceety|Caipital]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[Colima, Colima|Colima]]
| subdivision_type2       = [[Leet o ceeties in Mexico|Lairgest&nbsp;Ceety]]
| subdivision_name2       = [[Manzanillo, Colima|Manzanillo]]
| subdivision_type3       = [[Metropolitan auries of Mexico|Lairgest Metropolitan Aurie]]
| subdivision_name3       = [[Colima, Colima|Colima–]][[Villa de Álvarez]]
| established_title       = [[Sovereign state|Admission]]
| established_date        = 9 December 1856<ref>{{cite news| title =Portal Ciudadano de Baja California| url =http://www.bajacalifornia.gob.mx/portal/nuestro_estado/historia/efemerides/en-diciembre.jsp| language =Spanish| access-date =2012-05-04| archive-date =2011-09-07| archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20110907144539/http://www.bajacalifornia.gob.mx/portal/nuestro_estado/historia/efemerides/en-diciembre.jsp| url-status =dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| title =El Comentario| url =http://elcomentario.ucol.mx/Noticia.php?id=1260333428| language =Spanish| access-date =2012-05-04| archive-date =2010-08-10| archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20100810192803/http://elcomentario.ucol.mx/Noticia.php?id=1260333428| url-status =dead}}</ref>
| established_title2     = [[Territorial evolution o Mexico|Order]]
| established_date2      = [[Territorial evolution o Mexico|23rd]]
| founder                 =
| seat_type               =
| seat                    =
| government_footnotes    =
| leader_party            =
| leader_title            = [[Leet o Mexican state govrenors|Govrenor]]
| leader_name             = [[Mario Anguiano Moreno|Mario Anguiano]] |23px]]
| leader_title1           = [[Senate o Mexico|Senators]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Senadores por Colima LXI Legislatura |url=http://www.senado.gob.mx/index.php?ver=int&mn=4&sm=4&id=9 |publisher=Senado de la Republica |accessdate=October 20, 2010}}</ref>
| leader_name1            = [[Leticia Sosa|Leticia Sosa Govea]] <br />Jesús Dueñas <br />Rogelio Rueda 
|leader_title2           = [[Chamber o Deputies o Mexico|Deputies]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Listado de Diputados por Grupo Parlamentario del Estado de Colima |url=http://sitl.diputados.gob.mx/LXI_leg/listado_diputados_gpnp.php?tipot=Edo&edot=8 |publisher=Camara de Diputados |accessdate=October 20, 2010 |archive-date=2018-07-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180720054330/http://sitl.diputados.gob.mx/LXI_leg/listado_diputados_gpnp.php?tipot=Edo&edot=8 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|leader_name2            = {{Collapsible list
 |title       = [[Chamber of Deputies of Mexico|Federal Deputies]]
 |frame_style = border:none; padding: 0;
 |title_style = <!-- (optional) -->
 |list_style  = text-align:left;display:none;
 |1           = • [[Hilda Ceballos Llerenas]] 
 |2           = • [[Carlos Cruz Mendoza]] 
 |3           = • [[Yulenny Cortés León]] 
 |4           = • [[Alfonso Morán Sánchez]] 
 |5           = • [[Pedro Peralta Rivas]] 
 |6           = • [[Silva Indira Vizcaíno]] 
}}
| unit_pref               = Metric<!-- or US or UK -->
| area_footnotes          = <ref>{{Cite web |title=Resumen |url=http://cuentame.inegi.gob.mx/monografias/informacion/col/default.aspx?tema=me&e=06 |publisher=Cuentame INEGI |accessdate=October 20, 2010 |archive-date=2013-05-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130513000607/http://cuentame.inegi.gob.mx/monografias/informacion/col/default.aspx?tema=me&e=06 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| area_total_km2          = 5625
| area_land_km2           =
| area_water_km2          =
| area_water_percent      =
| area_note               = [[Leet o Mexican states bi aurie|Ranked 29t]]
| elevation_m             =
| elevation_max_footnotes =<ref>{{Cite web |title=Relieve |url=http://cuentame.inegi.gob.mx/monografias/informacion/col/territorio/relieve.aspx?tema=me&e=06 |publisher=Cuentame INEGI |accessdate=October 19, 2010 |archive-date=2011-07-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110723191839/http://cuentame.inegi.gob.mx/monografias/informacion/col/territorio/relieve.aspx?tema=me&e=06 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| elevation_max_m         = 3820
| elevation_max_ft        =
| elevation_min_m         =
| elevation_min_ft        =
| population_footnotes    = <ref>{{Cite web |title=Proyecciones de la población de México 2005-2050 |url=http://www.conapo.gob.mx/00cifras/proyecta50/06.xls |publisher=Consejo Nacional de Población |accessdate=August 10, 2010 |archive-date=2012-03-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120313064249/http://www.conapo.gob.mx/00cifras/proyecta50/06.xls |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| population_total        =  650,555
| population_as_of        = 2010
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_density_rank = [[Leet o Mexican states bi population density|9t]]
| population_demonym      = Colimense
| population_note         =
| population_rank         = [[Leet o Mexican states bi population|31st]]
| timezone1               = [[Central Staundart Time|CST]]
| utc_offset1             = −6
| timezone1_DST           = [[Central Daylicht Time|CDT]]
| utc_offset1_DST         = −5
| postal_code_type        = [[Postal codes in Mexico|Postal code]]
| postal_code             = 28
| area_code_type          = [[Aurie code]]
| area_code               = {{Collapsible list
|title       = [[Aurie codes in Mexico bi code (300-399)|Aurie codes]]
|frame_style = border:none; padding: 0;
|title_style = <!-- (optional) -->
|list_style  = text-align:left;display:none;
 |1           = • 312
 |2           = • 313
 |3           = • 314
}}
| iso_code                = MX-COL
| blank_name_sec1         = [[Human Development Index|HDI]]
| blank_info_sec1         = {{increase}} 0.852 <span style="color:#090">High</span> <small>[[List of Mexican states by HDI|Ranked 8th]]</small>
| blank_name_sec2         = [[GDP]]
| blank_info_sec2         = US$ 3,548,555.6 [[Million|mil]]{{Ref label|engfactobox|a|}}
| website                 = {{URL|http://www.colima-estado.gob.mx/|Official Web Site}}
| footnotes               =
{{note|engoffbox}}a. The state's GDP wis 45,421,512 million o [[Mexican peso|pesos]] in 2008,<ref>{{cite web |title=Colima. |url=http://www.inegi.org.mx/sistemas/bise/mexicocifras/default.aspx?ent=6 |year=2010 |accessdate=October 20, 2010}}</ref> amoont correspondin tae 3,548,555.6 millon o [[Dollar coin (Unitit States)|dollars]], being a dollar wirth 12.80 pesos (value o 3 Juin 2010).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Reporte: Jueves 3 de Junio del 2010. Cierre del peso mexicano. |url=http://www.pesomexicano.com.mx/archivo/2010/junio/03/reporte-jueves-3-de-junio-del-2010--cierre-del-peso-mexicano.htm#leermas |publisher=www.pesomexicano.com.mx |accessdate=August 10, 2010}}</ref>
}}

A '''spreet''' is a elf-like craitur sib tae a [[faery]].

| birth_place  = [[Ferentino|Ferentium]], [[Italia (Roman Empire)|Italy]]
| death_date   = {{death date and age|69|4|16|32|4|25|df=y}}
| death_place  = Roum
}}
'''Otho''' ({{lang-la|Marcus Salvius Otho Caesar Augustus}};<ref>In [[Clessical Laitin]], Otho's name would be inscribed as MARCVS SALVIVS OTHO CAESAR AVGVSTVS.</ref><ref>Rives, Otho Note 4, ''The Twelve Caesars'' translatit bi Robert Graves, revised an notes bi James B. Rives</ref> 28 Aprile 32<ref>Suetonius, ''Otho'' 3.2</ref> – 16 Aprile 69), wis [[Roman Emperor]] for three month, frae 15 Januar tae 16 Aprile 69. He wis the seicont emperor o the [[Year o the Fower Emperors]].

{{Speciesbox
|image = Mallow_January_2008-1.jpg
|image_caption = [[Type species]] for ''[[Malva]]'' L.
|genus = Malva
|species = sylvestris
|authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]
|synonyms = 
*''Malva ambigua'' <small>Guss.</small>
*''Malva mauritiana'' <small>L.</small>
*''Malva erecta'' <small>C.Presl</small>
*''Malva gymnoscarpa'' <small>Pomel</small>
| synonyms_ref = &nbsp;<ref name="rbge">{{cite web
 | url = http://rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk/cgi-bin/nph-readbtree.pl/feout?FAMILY_XREF=&GENUS_XREF=Malva&SPECIES_XREF=sylvestris
 | title = Flora Europaea Search Results
 | accessdate = 9 May 2008
 | work = Flora Europaea
 | publisher = [[Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh]]
}}</ref><ref name="apd">{{cite web
 |url        = http://www.ville-ge.ch/cjb/bd/africa/details.php?langue=an&id=81830
 |title      = ''Malva sylvestris'' L. record n° 81830
 |accessdate = 9 May 2008
 |work       = African Plants Database
 |publisher  = [[Natural History Museum of Geneva|South African National Biodiversity Institute, the Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève]] and Tela Botanica
}}{{dead link|date=January 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
}}
'''''Malva sylvestris''''' ('''maw(s)''') is a species o the [[genus]] ''[[Malva]]'' in the [[faimily (biology)|faimily]] o [[Malvaceae]] an is conseedert tae be the [[teep species]] for the genus.

|subdivision_type       = [[Leet o kintras|Kintra]]
|subdivision_name       = {{flag|Canadae}}
|subdivision_type1      = [[Provinces an territories o Canadae|Province]]
|subdivision_name1      = {{flag|Quebec}}
|subdivision_type2      = 
|subdivision_name2      = 
|subdivision_type3      = 
|subdivision_name3      = 
|subdivision_type4      = 
|subdivision_name4      = 
|established_title      =  <!-- Settled -->
|established_date       = 
|established_title2     =  <!-- Incorporated (town) -->
|established_date2      = 
|established_title3     =  <!-- Incorporated (city) -->
|established_date3      = 
|government_footnotes   =
|government_type        =
|leader_title           =
|leader_name            =
|leader_title1          =  <!-- for places with, say, both a mayor and a city manager -->
|leader_name1           =
|leader_title2          =
|leader_name2           =
|leader_title3          =
|leader_name3           =
|leader_title4          =
|leader_name4           =
|area_footnotes           = <ref name=mamrot>Ministère des Affaires municipales, des Régions et de l'Occupation du territoire</ref><ref name="cp2011">{{SCref |unit=er |2480}}</ref>
|area_magnitude         = 
|area_total_km2           = 300281.83
|area_land_km2            = 247633.94
|area_water_km2           = 
|area_water_percent       = 
|area_note                = Total aurie includes [[:en:Labrador#Boundary dispute|disputit land athin Labrador]]
|elevation_footnotes    =  <!--for references: use <ref> </ref> tags-->
|elevation_m            = 
|population_footnotes     = <ref name="cp2011"/>
|population_total         = 94766
|population_as_of         = 2011
|population_density_km2   = 0.4
|population_blank1_title  =
|population_blank1        =
|population_density_blank1_km2 = 
|population_note          = 
|timezone               = 
|utc_offset             = 
|timezone_DST           = 
|utc_offset_DST         = 
|postal_code_type       =  <!-- enter ZIP code, Postcode, Post code, Postal code... -->
|postal_code            =
|area_code              =
|blank_name             =
|blank_info             =
|blank1_name            =
|blank1_info            =
|website                = [http://www.cotenord.gouv.qc.ca/ www.cotenord.gouv.qc.ca]
|footnotes              = 
}}
[[Image:Barrage Daniel-Johnson2 edited.jpg|thumb|right|Barrage Daniel-Johnson, a hydroelectric dam on the [[Manicouagan River]].]]

{{Speciesbox
| taxon = Panthera onca
| name = Jaguar
| fossil_range = {{Fossil range|0.5|0}}<small>Middle [[Pleistocene]] – Recent</small>
| image =Jaguar (Panthera onca palustris) male Three Brothers River.JPG
| image_caption = Male [[Pantanal]] jaguar near [[Three Brothers River]] in [[Brazil]]
| status = NT
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| status_ref =<ref name=iucn>{{cite iucn |authors=Quigley, H.; Foster, R.; Petracca, L.; Payan, E.; Salom, R.; Harmsen, B. |title=''Panthera onca'' |journal=[[IUCN Red List of Threatened Species]] |page=e.T15953A123791436 |year=2017 |url=https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/15953/123791436 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS.T15953A50658693.en |accessdate=22 October 2018}}</ref>
| authority = ([[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], [[10t edeetion o Systema Naturae|1758]])
| range_map = Panthera onca distribution.svg
| range_map_caption = Jaguar range<br />Red: Current range<br />Bricht pink: Umwhile range
| synonyms = ''Felis onca'' <small>Linnaeus,&nbsp;1758</small>
}}
The '''jaguar''' (''Panthera onca'') is a [[big cat]], a [[felidae|feline]] in the ''[[Panthera]]'' [[genus]], an is the anerlie ''Panthera'' species foond in the [[Americas]]. The jaguar is the third-lairgest feline efter the [[tiger]] an the [[lion]], an the lairgest an maist pouerful feline in the [[Wastren Hemisphere]]. The jaguar's present range extends frae [[Mexico]] athort muckle o [[Central Americae]] an sooth tae [[Paraguay]] an northren [[Argentinae]]. Apairt frae a kent an possibly breedin population in [[Arizona]] (sootheast o [[Tucson, Arizona|Tucson]]), the cat haes lairgely been [[Local extinction|extirpatit]] frae the Unitit States since the early 1900s.

{{fixscots|date=Dizember 2020}}

'''Chocolate''' is a sweet tastin fuid, made frae [[cocoa beans]]. The maist common varieties is [[milk]], [[white chocolate|white]] an [[daurk chocolate|daurk]], but thare's a feck mair an aw.

{{fixscots|date=Dizember 2020}}

{{fixscots}}
{{Taxobox
|name = Solanales
|image = Solanum melongena ja02.jpg
|image_caption = ''[[Solanum melongena]]'' (Aubergine)
|regnum = [[Plantae]]
|divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Core eudicots]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Asterids]]
|ordo = '''Solanales'''
|ordo_authority = [[Antoine Laurent de Jussieu|Juss.]] ex [[Friedrich von Berchtold|Bercht.]] & [[Jan Svatopluk Presl|J.Presl]], 1820<ref name="apgiii">{{Citation |last=Angiosperm Phylogeny Group |year=2009 |title=An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III |journal=Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=161 |issue=2 |pages=105–121 |url=http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122630309/abstract |accessdate=2010–12–10 |doi=10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x |archive-date=2017-05-25 |archive-url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20170525104318/http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x/abstract |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last=Reveal|first=James L.|title=Summary of recent systems of angiosperm classiﬁcation|journal=Kew Bulletin|year=2011|volume=66|pages=5-48|publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew}}</ref><ref name=Reveal>{{cite web|last=Reveal|first=James L.|title=Indices Nominum Supragenericorum Plantarum Vascularium – S, Solanales|year=1998–onward|url=http://www.plantsystematics.org/reveal/pbio/fam/allspgfileS.html|work=Indices Nominum Supragenericorum Plantarum Vascularium  Alphabetical Listing by Genera of Validly Published Suprageneric Names|publisher=University of Maryland and Cornell University}}</ref>  
|subdivision_ranks = [[Faimily (biology)|Faimilies]]
|subdivision = 
*[[Convolvulaceae]]
*[[Hydroleaceae]]
*[[Montiniaceae]]
*[[Solanaceae]]
*[[Sphenocleaceae]]
}}
The '''Solanales''' are an [[order (biology)|order]] o [[flouerin plant]]s, includit in the asterid group o [[dicotyledon]]s.  Some aulder soorces uised the name '''Polemoniales''' for this order.

'''Nicolas Appert''' (17 November 1749 [[Châlons-en-Champagne]], [[Marne]]&ndash; 1 Juin 1841 Massy), wis the French inventor o airtight fuid preservation. He is kent as the "[[Leet o bodies considered faither or mither o a field|faither o]] [[cannin]]".<ref>Jean-Paul Barbier ''Nicolas Appert inventeur et humaniste'', Royer, 1994, Paris.</ref>

{{fixscots}}
'''European colonization''' often referred to as imperialism is a process which is said to have begun in 1492 when [[Christopher Columbus]] became the first European to leave a lasting impact or tangible records o his visit to the Americas.  Columbus was not the first case of a European visiting the Americas but the voyages of Erik Raude (Erik the Red) and Leif Erikson to present-day Newfoundland are usually ignored because they left very little lasting impact.  Spanish and Portuguese exploration of the Americas culminated with the conquests of Mexico City (Tenochtitlan) in 1521.  When no living successors to the Aztec throne could be found, upon the death of Cuauhtemoc in 1524, the Spanish colony of New Spain or Mexico was held until 1810.  Likewise, the Inca were conquered in 1530 by Francisco Pizarro.  Brazil remained a Portuguese possession from 1500 until independence was declared in 1820.  Simon Bolivar, known as the liberator, played a role in the nation building of Colombia, Peru, Ecuador, Venezuela, Bolivia, and Paraguay.  In the Americas, Spain and Portugal played the dominant role in colonization for the Sixteenth, Seventeenth, and Eighteenth Centuries.  Napoleon's attempt to conquer the European continent in the early Nineteenth Century led to the weakening of Spain and Portugal and also led to France asserting itself in the Americas with mixed success.  Haiti was lost due to a slave revolt led by Toussaint L'Ouverture, and Napoleon sold Louisiana to the United States of America in 1803.  The French-Speaking province of Quebec is today part of Canada.  The British Empire abolished slavery in 1807.  After boundaries were established in the Americas, European countries set their sights on Asia and Africa.

In [[economics]], '''inflation''' is a persistent increase in the general [[price level]] o guids an services in an [[economy]] ower a period o time.<ref>''See:''
* {{harvnb|Wyplosz|Burda|1997}} (Glossary);
* {{harvnb|Blanchard|2000}} (Glossary)
* {{harvnb|Barro|1997}} (Glossary)
* {{harvnb|Abel|Bernanke|1995}} (Glossary)</ref>

|Lageplan          = Nieby in SL.PNG
|Bundesland        = Schleswig-Holstein
|Kreis             = Schleswig-Flensburg
|Amt               = Geltinger Bucht
|Höhe              = 9
|Fläche            = 8.07
|Einwohner         = 224
|Stand             = 2006-12-31
|PLZ               = 24409
|Vorwahl           = 04643
|Kfz               = SL
|Gemeindeschlüssel = 01 0 59 147
|Adresse-Verband   = Süderholm 18<br />24395 Gelting
|Website           = [http://www.amt-gelting.de www.amt-gelting.de]
|Bürgermeister     = Renate Mielenz
}}

{{fixscots|date=Dizember 2020}}

| type = [[Sea]]
| inflow =
| outflow =
| catchment =
| basin_countries = [[Canadae]], [[Greenland]]
| length = c. {{convert|1000|km|0|abbr=on}}
| width = c. {{convert|900|km|0|abbr=on}}
| area = {{convert|841000|km2|-2|abbr=on}}
| depth = {{convert|1898|m|0|abbr=on}}
| max-depth = {{convert|4316|m|0|abbr=on}}
| reference =<ref name=bse>{{cite web|url=http://dic.academic.ru/dic.nsf/enc_geo/153/%D0%9B%D0%90%D0%91%D0%A0%D0%90%D0%94%D0%9E%D0%A0#%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%CC%81%D1%800|language=Russian|title=Labrador|publisher=[[Great Soviet Encyclopedia]]}}</ref><ref name=r1>{{cite journal|author1=Wilson, R. C. L|author2=London, Geological Society of|doi=10.1144/GSL.SP.2001.187.01.05|title=Non-volcanic rifting of continental margins: a comparison of evidence from land and sea|isbn=978-1-86239-091-1|year=2001|page=77|volume=187|journal=Geological Society, London, Special Publications|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=-bsvkxVBTasC&pg=PA77}}</ref>
}}
The '''Labrador Sea''' ([[French leid|French]]: ''mer du Labrador'') is an airm o the [[North Atlantic]] [[Ocean]] atween the [[Labrador Peninsula]] an [[Greenland]].

{{fixscots|date=Februar 2021}}

'''Fascism''' is a [[Poleetical radicalism|radical]] [[Authoritarianism|authoritarian]] [[Naitionalism|naitionalist]] poleetical [[ideology]].<ref>Turner, Henry Ashby, ''Reappraisals of Fascism''. New Viewpoints, 1975. p. 162. States fascism's "goals of radical and authoritarian nationalism".</ref><ref>Larsen, Stein Ugelvik, Bernt Hagtvet and Jan Petter Myklebust, ''Who were the Fascists: Social Roots of European Fascism'', p. 424, "organized form of integrative radical nationalist authoritarianism"</ref> Fascists seek tae rejuvenate thair [[naition]] based on commitment tae the naitional community as an organic entity, in which individuals are bund thegither in [[naitional identity]] bi suprapersonal connections o [[ancestry]], [[cultur]], an [[Heredity|bluid]].<ref name="Blamires, Cyprian 2006 pp. 140-141">Blamires, Cyprian, ''World Fascism: a Historical Encyclopedia, Volume 1'' (Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO, Inc., 2006) pp. 140-141.</ref> Tae achieve this, fascists purge forces, ideas, fowk, an seestems deemed tae be the cause o [[decadence]] an [[degeneration]].<ref name="Blamires, Cyprian 2006 pp. 140-141"/> Fascists advocate the creation o a [[Totalitarianism|totalitarian]] [[single-pairty state]] that seeks the mass mobilization o a naition throu [[indoctrination]], [[pheesical education]], [[discipline]] an faimily policy (sic as [[eugenics]]).<ref name=gj120>Grčić, Joseph. ''Ethics and Political Theory'' (Lanham, Maryland: University of America, Inc, 2000) p. 120</ref><ref>Blamires, Cyprian, ''World Fascism: a Historical Encyclopedia, Volume 1'' (Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO, Inc., 2006) p. 670.</ref> That state is led bi a [[supreme leader]] who exercises a [[dictatorship]] ower the fascist muivement, the government an ither state institutions.<ref>Bhushan, Vidya, ''Comparative Politics'', 3rd ed. (New Delhi, India: Atlantic Publishers, 2006) p. 208.</ref> Fascist governments forbid an suppress opposition.<ref>Kent, Allen, Harold Lancour and William Z. Nasri, ''Encyclopedia of Library and Information Science: Volume 62, Supplement 25, Automated Discourse Generation to the User-Centered Revolution: 1970–1995.'' (CRC Press, 1998) ISBN 978-0-8247-2062-9, p. 69.</ref>

{{fixscots|date=Januar 2021}}

</ref>
  | population_density=    
 | os_grid_reference=      HU474414
 | edinburgh_distance=    {{convert|300|mi|km}}
 | london_distance=       {{convert|600|mi|km}}
 | coordinates = {{coord|60.155|-1.145|display=inline,title}}
 | post_town=             SHETLAND
 | postcode_area=       ZE  
 | postcode_district=     ZE1
 | dial_code= 01595
 | constituency_westminster=   [[Orkney an Shetland (UK Parliament constituency)|Orkney an Shetland]]
 | civil_parish=          
 | unitary_scotland=      [[Shetland]]
 | lieutenancy_scotland=  [[Shetland]]
 | constituency_scottish_parliament=    [[Shetland (Scots Parliament constituency)|Shetland]] 
 | website=http://www.shetland.org               
}}
'''Lerook''' (cryed Lerrick in Scots outwith Shetland an Lerwick in Inglis) is the caipital and main port o the [[Shetland Islands]], [[Scotland]], located mair nor 100&nbsp;mile (160&nbsp;km) off the north coast o mainland [[Scotland]] on the east coast o the [[Shetland Mainland]]. Lerook is aboot {{convert|210|mi|km}} north o [[Aiberdeen]], {{convert|230|mi|km}} wast o [[Bergen]] in [[Norawa]] an {{convert|230|mi|km}} sooth east o [[Tórshavn]] in the [[Faroe Islands]].

[[Kinrick o Great Breetain|Breetish]] colonies on the east coast o [[North Americae]] issued a [[Unitit States Declaration o Unthirldom|Declaration o Unthirldom]] in 1776]]
'''Unthirldom''' ({{lang-en|Independence}}) is a condeetion o a [[naition]], [[kintra]], or [[Sovereign state|state]] in which its residents an population, or some portion thereof, exercise [[sel-govrenment]], an uisually [[sovereignty]], ower the territory.

{{taxobox
| name = Sweet Tattie
| image = Ipomoea batatas (Sweet Potato) Flower.jpg
| image2 = Ipomoea batatas 006.JPG
| image_width = frameless{{!}}upright=1.10
| image_caption = Sweet tattie in flouer in [[Hong Kong]], Cheenae
| image2_caption     = Sweet tattie ruits
| regnum = [[Plantae]]
| unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
| unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
| unranked_ordo = [[Asterids]]
| ordo = [[Solanales]]
| familia = [[Convolvulaceae]]
| genus = ''[[Ipomoea]]''
| species = '''''I. batatas'''''
| binomial = ''Ipomoea batatas''
| binomial_authority = ([[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]]) Lam.}}

{{fixscots}}
'''Glayva''' is a [[liqueur]] produced in [[Leith]], bi [[Whyte and Mackay Ltd]]. It is marketit wi the slogan 'baist liqueur in the warld'.

{{noscots}}
{{fixscots|date=Dizember 2020}}

{{Taxobox
| name = Broun beir
| status = LC
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| status_ref=<ref name=IUCN>{{IUCN2013.1|assessors=McLellan, B. N., Servheen, C. & Huber, D.|year=2008|id=41688|title=Ursus arctos|downloaded=2013-10-05}}</ref>
| image = Brown bear.jpg
| image_caption = Broun beir (''U. arctos'') in Hallo Bay, [[Katmai Naitional Pairk]], [[Alaska]]
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]]
| classis = [[Mammal]]ia
| ordo = [[Carnivora]]
| familia = [[Ursidae]]
| genus = ''[[Ursus (genus)|Ursus]]''
| species = '''''U. arctos'''''
| binomial = ''Ursus arctos''
| binomial_authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], [[10t edeetion o Systema Naturae|1758]]
| subdivision_ranks = [[Subspecies]]
| subdivision = 16
| range_map = Ursus arctos range map.svg
| range_map_caption = Brown bear range map
}}
The '''broun beir''' (''Ursus arctos'') is a lairge [[beir]] distributit athort much o northren [[Eurasie]] an [[North Americae]] an is the lairgest terrestrial [[carnivoran]].<ref name="boddington">{{cite book | title = Fair Chase in North America | author = Boddington, Craig; illustrations by Carlson, Ken | publisher = [[Boone and Crockett Club]] | year = 2004 | isbn = 0-940864-47-9| page = 45 | url = https://books.google.com/?id=Rri8xdwgdQ0C&pg=PA45}}</ref>

A '''seestem''' is a set o interactin or interdependent components.

{{Coord|8|31|15|S|179|11|55|E|display=title}}
 {{smaller|([[Tuvaluan language|Tuvaluan]])<br />"Tuvalu for the Awmichty"}}
|national_anthem = {{lang|tvl|''[[Tuvalu mo te Atua]]''}} {{smaller|(Tuvaluan)<br />''Tuvalu for the Awmichty''}}
|royal_anthem = ''[[God Save the Queen]]''
|official_languages = {{hlist |[[:en:Tuvaluan language|Tuvaluan]] |[[Inglis leid|Inglis]]}}
|religion = [[Christianity]] ([[:en:Church of Tuvalu|Kirk o Tuvalu]])
|demonym = Tuvaluan
|ethnic_groups = {{unbulleted list | 96% [[Polynesies|Polynesie]] | 4% [[Micronesie]] }}
|capital = [[:en:Funafuti|Funafuti]]
|coordinates = {{Coord|8|31|S|179|12|E|type:city}}
|largest_city =
|government_type = {{nowrap|[[Non-partisan democracy|Non-partisan]] [[Pairlamentary seestem|pairlamentar]]}} [[Representative democracy|democracy]] unner [[constitutional monarchy]]
|leader_title1 = [[:en:Monarchy of Tuvalu|Monarch]]
|leader_name1 = [[Charles III]]
|leader_title2 = [[:en:Govenor-General of Tuvalu|Govrenor-General]]
|leader_name2 = [[Tofiga Vaevalu Falani]]
|leader_title3 = [[:en:Prime Minister of Tuvalu|Prime Meenister]]
|leader_name3 = [[:en:Feleti Teo|Feleti Teo]]
|legislature = [[:en:Parliament of Tuvalu|Pairlament]]
|sovereignty_type = Unthirldom
|established_event1 = frae the [[Unitit Kinrick]]
|established_date1 = 1 October 1978
|area_rank = 192nd <!-- Should match [[List of countries and dependencies by area]] -->
|area_magnitude =
|area_km2 = 26
|area_sq_mi = 10 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]-->
|percent_water = negligible
|population_estimate = 
|population_estimate_rank = 
|population_estimate_year = 
|population_census = 10,645
|population_census_year =2017
|population_census_rank = 229t
|population_density_km2 = 475.88
|population_density_sq_mi = 1,142 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]-->
|population_density_rank = 27t
|GDP_PPP = $39 million<ref name=imf2/>
|GDP_PPP_rank = 226t <!--cia.gov-->
|GDP_PPP_year = 2016
|GDP_PPP_per_capita = $3,566<ref name=imf2/>
|GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 156t <!--cia.gov-->
|GDP_nominal_year = 2016
|GDP_nominal = $32 million<ref name=imf2>{{cite web|title= Tuvalu|url= http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2016/02/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=70&pr.y=8&sy=2016&ey=2021&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=869&s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC%2CLP&grp=0&a=|publisher= International Monetary Fund }}</ref>
|GDP_nominal_rank = 194th
|GDP_nominal_per_capita = $2,970<ref name=imf2/>
|GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 118t
|Gini_year = |Gini_change = <!--increase/decrease/steady--> |Gini = <!--number only--> |Gini_ref = |Gini_rank =
|HDI_year = |HDI_change = <!--increase/decrease/steady--> |HDI = <!--number only--> |HDI_ref =
|HDI_rank =
|currency = [[Tuvaluan dollar]] <br /> Australian dollar
|currency_code = AUD
|country_code = TV
|time_zone =
|utc_offset = +12
|time_zone_DST = |utc_offset_DST =
|drives_on = caur
|calling_code = [[+688]]
|cctld = [[.tv]]
}}
'''Tuvalu''' is a [[Polynesie]] [[island kintra]] locatit in the [[Paceefic Ocean]], situatit in [[Oceania]], aboot midwey atween [[Hawaii]] an [[Australie]]. It lees east-northeast o the [[Santa Cruz Islands]] (that belang tae the [[Solomon Islands]]), sootheast o [[Nauru]], sooth o [[Kiribati]], wast o [[Tokelau]], northwast o [[Samoa]] an [[Wallis an Futuna]], an north o [[Fiji]]. It comprises three [[reef]] islands an sax true [[atoll]]s spreid oot atween the [[latitude]] o [[5t parallel sooth|5°]] tae [[10t parallel sooth|10° sooth]] an [[longitude]] o [[176t meridian east|176°]] tae [[180t meridian|180°]], wast o the [[Internaitional Date Line]]. Tuvalu haes a population o 10,640 (2012 census).<ref name="1C2012">{{cite web |title=Population of communities in Tuvalu |publisher=world-statistics.org |date=11 April 2012 |url=http://tuvalu.popgis.spc.int/#l=en;i=ethnic.t_tuvaluan;v=map1;sid=39;z=717733,9074628,48863,33709;sly=eas_32760_xy_def_DR |accessdate=20 March 2016}}</ref><ref name="2C2012">{{cite web |title=Population of communities in Tuvalu |publisher=Thomas Brinkhoff |date=11 April 2012 |url=http://www.citypopulation.de/Tuvalu.html |accessdate=20 March 2016}}</ref> The tot laund aurie o the islands o Tuvalu is {{convert|26|km2|sqmi}}.

{{fixscots|date=Mairch 2021}}

'' [[bacteria]] magnified 10,000 times]]
A '''microorganism''' (frae the {{lang-el|μικρός}}, ''mikros'', "smaa" an {{lang|grc|ὀργανισμός}}, ''organismós'', "organism") is a [[Microscope|microscopic]] [[life|livin]] [[organism]], which mey be a [[unicellular organism|single cell]]<ref name=Brock>{{cite book | author = Madigan M, Martinko J (editors) | title = Brock Biology of Microorganisms | edition = 13th | publisher = Pearson Education | year = 2006 | isbn = 0-321-73551-X |page = 1096}}</ref> or a [[multicellular organism]].

{{unsoorced|date=August 2020}}

{{Year dab|1903}}
{{Year nav|1903}}
'''1903''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MCMIII]]''') wis a [[common year stairtin on Fuirsday]] (airtin will display calendar) o the [[Gregorian calendar]] an a [[common year stairtin on Wadensday]] o the 13-day slower [[Julian calendar]].

{{taxobox
|name = Lily Faimily
|fossil_range = 
|image = Lilium_Martagon%2C_Lai_Blau.jpg
|image_caption = ''Lilium martagon''
|regnum = [[Plantae]]
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Monocots]]
|ordo = [[Liliales]]
|familia = '''Liliaceae'''
|familia_authority = [[Antoine Laurent de Jussieu|Juss.]]<ref name=APGIII2009>{{Cite journal |last=Angiosperm Phylogeny Group |year=2009 |title=An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III |journal=Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=161 |issue=2 |pages=105–121 |url=http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122630309/abstract |format=PDF |accessdate=2013-06-26 |doi=10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x |archive-date=2017-05-25 |archive-url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20170525104318/http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x/abstract |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|subdivision_ranks = Genera
|subdivision = *'''subfamily''': [[Calochortoideae]]<br>
**''[[Calochortus]]''
**''[[Prosartes]]''
**''[[Scoliopus]]''
**''[[Streptopus]]''
**''[[Tricyrtis]]''
*'''subfamily''': [[Lilioideae]]
**''[[Cardiocrinum]]''
**''[[Erythronium]]''
**''[[Fritillaria]]''
**''[[Gagea]]''
**''[[Lilium]]''
**''[[Lloydia]]''
**''[[Nomocharis]]''
**''[[Notholirion]]''
**''[[Tulipa]]''
*'''subfamily''': [[Medeoloideae]]
**''[[Clintonia]]''
**''[[Medeola]]'' (e.g., [[Medeola virginiana]])
|}}

An '''incel''' ({{lang-en|inceldom}}) is a person wioot prospects for mairiage an luve.<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-intersect/wp/2015/10/07/incels-4chan-and-the-beta-uprising-making-sense-of-one-of-the-internets-most-reviled-subcultures/?utm_term=.fb9cc57e1fd0</ref> Incels hawp that ower than a community, 'incel' is a lee circumstance. <ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-05-23|title=Incel|url=https://incels.wiki/w/Incel|access-date=2021-05-26|website=Incel Wiki|language=en}}</ref> Th' word incel is an sassenach stylization o' th' original acronym invcel, whilk meant involuntary celibate.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2018-08-29|title=The woman who founded the 'incel' movement|language=en-GB|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-45284455|access-date=2021-05-26}}</ref> Th' average size o' incel oriented communities varies a lot, ranging fae less than a hundred tae a'maist thoosans. 

The '''Toyota Platz''' is a [[subcompact caur|subcompact]] automobile that wis manufactured in Japan bi [[Toyota]] frae 1999 throu tae 2005, when replaced bi the [[Toyota Belta]]. Designatit bi Toyota as the ''XP10'' series, the Platz wis sauld in export mercats as aither the '''Toyota Echo''' or '''Toyota Yaris'''. The "Echo" an "Yaris" names wur an aa gien tae the export version o the relatit Japanese mercat [[Toyota Vitz]] hatchback, frae which the Platz derives.

{{fixscots|date=August 2021}}

[[Image:Burroughs crater.jpg|300px|right]]

{{chembox
<!-- please see [[Polytetrafluoroethylene (data page)]] for the full transcluded template. -->
| Verifiedfields = changed
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 477171888
| ImageFile = Polytetrafluoroethylene.svg
| ImageSize = 130px
| ImageFile1 = Perfluorodecyl-chain-from-xtal-Mercury-3D-balls.png
| ImageSize1 = 250px
| IUPACName = poly(1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethylene)<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=53251 | title=poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (CHEBI:53251) | accessdate=July 12, 2012|work=ebi.ac.uk}}</ref>
| SystematicName =
| OtherNames = Syncolon, Fluon, Poly(tetrafluoroethene), Poly(difluoromethylene), Poly(tetrafluoroethylene)
|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
| Abbreviations = PTFE
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|changed|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = none
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|changed|EBI}}
| ChEBI = 53251
| PubChem =
| CASNo = 9002-84-0
| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|changed|kegg}}=
| KEGG = D08974}}
|Section2={{Chembox Properties
| Formula = (C<sub>2</sub>F<sub>4</sub>)<sub>n</sub>
| Density = 2200 kg/m<sup>3</sup>
| MeltingPt = 600&nbsp;[[Kelvin|K]]<br>327&nbsp;°[[Celsius|C]]
| ThermalConductivity = 0.25&nbsp;W/(m·K)
}}
|Section7={{Chembox Hazards
| NFPA-H = 1
| NFPA-F = 0
| NFPA-R = 0
}}
}}
'''Polytetrafluoroethylene''' ('''PTFE''') is a synthetic [[fluoropolymer]] o [[tetrafluoroethylene]] that haes numerous applications. The best kent brand name o PTFE-based formulas is '''Teflon''' bi [[Chemours]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web
| url = https://www.chemours.com/Teflon/en_US/
| title = Teflon ™{{!}} Chemours Teflon™ Nonstick Coatings and Additives
| website = www.chemours.com
| access-date = 2016-03-01
| archive-date = 2016-03-04
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160304202634/https://www.chemours.com/Teflon/en_US/
| url-status = dead
}}</ref>

The [[Yird]]'s '''atmosphere''' is makkit o the gases in the lift aboot the planet. Thir's hauden aboot the yird bi its gravity. It conteens aboot 78% [[nitrogen]] an 21% [[oxygen]], wi trace amoonts o ither gases. The atmosphere fends life on the yird bi absorbin ultraviolet [[Sun]] radiation an reducin temperatur differs atween the day an the nicht.
{{Commonscat|Planetary atmospheres}}

instead -->
| type                    = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment]]
| image_skyline           = Prefecture yvelines versailles.jpg
| image_alt               = 
| image_caption           = [[Prefecturs in Fraunce|Prefectur]] biggin o the Yvelines depairtment, in Versailles
| image_flag              =
| flag_alt                =
| image_shield            = Blason département fr Yvelines.svg
| shield_alt              =
| nickname                =
| motto                   =
| image_map               = Yvelines-Position.svg
| map_alt                 =
| map_caption             = Location o Yvelines in Fraunce
| pushpin_map             =
| pushpin_label_position  =
| pushpin_map_alt         =
| pushpin_map_caption     =
| coordinates             = {{coord|48|50|N|1|55|E|region:FR_type:adm2nd_scale:1000000|display=inline,title}}
| coor_pinpoint           =
| coordinates_footnotes   =
| subdivision_type        = [[Leet o sovereign states|Kintra]]
| subdivision_name        = [[Fraunce]]
| subdivision_type1       = [[Regions o Fraunce|Region]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[Île-de-France (region)|Île-de-France]]
| established_title       =
| established_date        =
| founder                 =
| seat_type               = [[Prefecturs in Fraunce|Prefectur]]
| seat                    = [[Versailles, Yvelines|Versailles]]
| parts_type              = [[Subprefecturs in Fraunce|Subprefecturs]]
| parts_style             = para
| p1                      = [[Mantes-la-Jolie]]<br>[[Rambouillet]]<br>[[Saint-Germain-en-Laye|Saint-Germain-<br>en-Laye]]
| government_footnotes    =
| leader_party            =
| leader_title            = [[Preses o the general cooncil|Preses o the General Cooncil]]
| leader_name             = [[Pierre Bédier]]
| unit_pref               = Metric<!-- or US or UK -->
| area_magnitude          =
| area_footnotes          = {{ref|area|1}}
| area_total_km2          = 2284
| area_note               =
| elevation_footnotes     =
| elevation_m             =
| elevation_min_m         =
| elevation_max_m         =
| population_footnotes    =
| population_total        = 1413635
| population_as_of        = 2011
| population_rank         = [[Leet o French depairtments bi population|9t]]
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_demonym      =
| population_note         =
| blank_name_sec1         = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment nummer]]
| blank_info_sec1         = 78
| blank_name_sec2         = [[Arrondissements o Fraunce|Arrondissements]]
| blank_info_sec2         = [[arrondissements o the Yvelines depairtment|4]]
| blank1_name_sec2        = [[Cantons in Fraunce|Cantons]]
| blank1_info_sec2        = [[cantons o the Yvelines depairtment|21]]
| blank2_name_sec2        = [[Communes in Fraunce|Communes]]
| blank2_info_sec2        = [[communes o the Yvelines depairtment|262]]
| timezone1               = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset1             = +1
| timezone1_DST           = [[Central European Simmer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset1_DST         = +2
| postal_code_type        =
| postal_code             =
| area_code_type          =
| area_code               =
| iso_code                =
| website                 =
| footnotes               = {{note|area|1}} French Land Register data, which exclude [[estuary|estuaries]], an lochs, ponds, an glaciers lairger nor 1 km<sup>2</sup>
}}
'''Yvelines''' ({{IPA-fr|ivlin}}) are a [[depairtments o Fraunce|French depairtment]] in the [[regions o Fraunce|admeenistrative region]] o [[Île-de-France (region)|Île-de-France]].

{{Italic title}}
{{Speciesbox
|name = 
|image = Feverfew.jpg
|taxon = Tanacetum parthenium
|authority = ([[L.]]) Sch. Bip.
|synonyms = {{species list
    |Chrysanthemum parthenium |(L.) Bernh.
    |Matricaria parthenium |L.
    |Pyrethrum parthenium |(L.) Sm.
    }}
}}
'''''Tanacetum parthenium''''', kent as '''flechy nellie''' or '''kill-the-flech''', is a [[flouerin plant]] in the daisy faimily [[Asteraceae]].

'''Cantopop''' ({{zh|粵語流行音樂}}) is a colloquialism for "[[Staundart Cantonese|Cantonese]] popular muisic". It is sometimes referred tae as '''HK-pop''', short for "[[Hong Kong]] popular muisic". It is categorisit as a [[genre|subgenre]] o [[Cheena|Cheenese]] [[popular muisic]] athin [[C-pop]]. Cantopop draws its influence no anerlie frae ither forms o [[Cheenese muisic]], but frae internaitional styles, includin [[jazz]], [[rock an roll]], [[rhythm an blues]], [[electronic muisic]], [[Wastren cultur|Wastren]] [[pop muisic]] an ithers. Cantopop sangs are amaist invariably performit in [[Cantonese leid|Cantonese]].  Boastin a multinaitional fanbase especially in [[Sootheast Asie]] kintras such as [[Malaysie]], [[Singapore]], [[Indonesie]], [[Thailand]], an in the [[Guangdong]] province o [[mainland Cheenae]], [[Hong Kong]] remains the maist significant hub o the genre.<ref name="CBM">China Briefing Media. [2004] (2004) Business Guide to the Greater Pearl River Delta. China Briefing Media Ltd. ISBN 988-98673-1-1</ref>

"[[Bridge of 33 Arches]]" ower the [[Zayandeh River]] is the epitome o [[Safavid dynasty]] (1502-1722) brig design. [[Esfahan]], [[Iran]].]]
" in [[Brisbane]], [[Australie]], biggit in 1940 wi modren materials, is an ensaumple o a [[steel]] [[cantilever brig]].]]

| area_total_km2          = {{Area Swedish municipality|type=total|municipality=Vara Municipality}}
| area_land_km2           = {{Area Swedish municipality|type=land|municipality=Vara Municipality}}
| area_water_km2          = {{Area Swedish municipality|type=water|municipality=Vara Municipality}}
| area_water_percent      = 
| area_note               = Aurie as o {{Area Swedish municipality|TXT=date}}.
| elevation_footnotes     = 
| elevation_m             = 
| population_footnotes    = {{Population Swedish municipality|TXT=ref}}
| population_total        = {{Population Swedish municipality|municipality=Vara Municipality}}
| population_as_of        = {{Population Swedish municipality|TXT=date}}
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_note         = 
| timezone1               = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset1             = +1
| timezone1_DST           = [[Central European Simmer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset1_DST         = +2
| blank_name_sec1         = [[Provinces o Swaden|Province]]
| blank_info_sec1         = [[Västergötland]]
| blank1_name_sec1        = [[Kommunkod|Municipal code]]
| blank1_info_sec1        = 1470
| postal_code_type        = [[Postal codes in Swaden|Postal code]]
| postal_code             = 
| area_code_type          = 
| area_code               = 
| iso_code                = [[ISO 3166-2:SE|SE<!--??-->]]
| website                 = [http://www.vara.se www.vara.se]<!-- {{URL|example.com}} -->
| footnotes               = 
}}

{{italic title}}
{{taxobox
|image =  Hibiscus flower TZ.jpg
|image_caption = ''[[Hibiscus rosa-sinensis]]''
|regnum = [[Plant]]ae
|divisio = [[Flouerin plant|Angiosperms]]
|classis = [[Eudicots]]
|ordo = [[Rosids]]
|ordo = [[Malvales]]
|familia = [[Malvaceae]]
|subfamilia = [[Malvoideae]]
|tribus=[[Hibisceae]]
|genus = '''''Hibiscus'''''
|genus_authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]
|synonyms = ''Bombycidendron'' <small>Zoll. & Moritzi</small><br/>
''Bombycodendron'' <small>Hassk.</small><br/>
''Brockmania'' <small>W.Fitzg.</small><br/>
''Pariti'' <small>Adans.</small><br/>
''Wilhelminia'' <small>Hochr.</small><ref name="GRIN">{{cite web |url=http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/genus.pl?5665 |title=Genus: ''Hibiscus'' L |work=Germplasm Resources Information Network |publisher=United States Department of Agriculture |date=2007-10-05 |accessdate=2010-02-16 |archive-date=2010-05-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100528145907/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/genus.pl?5665 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|subdivision_ranks = [[Species]]
|subdivision = [[#Species|232 species]]
|}}

or an [[ellipsoid]]. The lines frae pole tae pole is lines o constant [[longitude]], or '''meridians'''. The circles parallel tae the equator is lines o constant latitude, or '''parallels'''. The graticule determines the latitude an longitude o poseetion on the surface.]]
A '''geographic coordinate seestem''' is a [[coordinate seestem]] that enables ilka location on the Yird tae be specified bi a set o nummers or letters. The coordinates are aften chosen sae that ane o the nummers represents [[altitude|vertical poseetion]], an twa [[n-vector|or three]] o the nummers represent [[horizontal poseetion representation|horizontal poseetion]]. A common choice o coordinates is [[latitude]], [[longitude]] an [[elevation]].<ref name=OSGB>[http://www.ordnancesurvey.co.uk/oswebsite/gps/docs/A_Guide_to_Coordinate_Systems_in_Great_Britain.pdf A Guide to coordinate systems in Great Britain] v1.7 October 2007 D00659 accessed 14.4.2008</ref>

|birth_place = [[Gdańsk|Danzig]] (Gdańsk)
|death_date   = {{Death date and age|1860|9|21|1788|2|22|df=y}}
|death_place  = [[Frankfurt]], [[German Confederation]]
| nationality = [[German fowk|German]]
| residence   = [[Germany|Danzig, Hamburg an finally German Confederation]]
|work_institution = [[Varsity o Göttingen]], [[Varsity o Berlin]]
|school_tradition = [[Post-Kantian philosophie]]
|main_interests   = [[Metapheesics]], [[aesthetics]], [[ethics]], [[phenomenology (philosophie)|phenomenology]], [[morality]], [[psychology]]
|notable_ideas    = [[Will (philosophie)|Will]], [[Fowerfauld ruit o the sufficient principle o raison|Fowerfauld ruit o raison]], [[Hedgehog's dilemma]], [[philosophical pessimism]]
| influences       = [[Buddhism]]{{·}}[[Immanuel Kant|Kant]]{{·}}[[Plato]]{{·}}[[Upanishads]]
| influenced       = [[Samuel Beckett|Beckett]]{{·}}[[Jorge Luis Borges|Borges]]{{·}}[[Joseph Campbell|Campbell]]{{·}}[[Albert Einstein|Einstein]]{{·}}[[Sigmund Freud|Freud]]{{·}}[[John Gray (philosopher)|Gray]]<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/profiles/john-gray-forget-everything-you-know-641878.html |title=John Gray: Forget everything you know&nbsp;— Profiles, People |publisher=The Independent |date=3 September 2002 |accessdate=12 March 2010 |location=London |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100409072731/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/profiles/john-gray-forget-everything-you-know-641878.html |archivedate=2010-04-09 |deadurl=no |url-status=live }}</ref>{{·}}[[Max Horkheimer|Horkheimer]]{{·}}[[Carl Jung|Jung]]{{·}}[[Karl Kraus (writer)|Kraus]]{{·}}[[Thomas Mann|Mann]]{{·}}[[Karl Eugen Neumann|Neumann]]{{·}}[[Friedrich Nietzsche|Nietzsche]]{{·}}[[Gilbert Ryle|Ryle]]{{·}}[[George Santayana|Santayana]]{{·}}[[Erwin Schrödinger|Schrödinger]]{{·}}[[Leo Tolstoy|Tolstoy]]{{·}}[[Richard Wagner|Wagner]]{{·}}[[Otto Weininger|Weininger]]{{·}}[[Ludwig Wittgenstein|Wittgenstein]]{{·}}[[Peter Wessel Zapffe|Zapffe]]}}
'''Arthur Schopenhauer''' ({{IPA-de|ˈaʁtʊʁ ˈʃɔpənˌhaʊ̯ɐ|lang}}; 22 Februar 1788&nbsp;– 21 September 1860) wis a [[Germans|German]] [[philosopher]]. He is best kent for his 1818 wark ''[[The Warld as Will an Representation]]'' (wauxt in 1844), whaurin he chairacterises the [[Phenomenon|phenomenal]] warld as the product o a blinnd an stainchless [[Schopenhauer#The warld as will|metapheesical will]].<ref>{{cite book|title=Essays and Aphorisms|year=2004|publisher=Penguin Classics|isbn=978-0-14-044227-4|author=Arthur Schopenhauer|page=23}}</ref><ref>The Oxford Encyclopedic English Dictionary. 'Schopenhauer': Oxford University Press. 1991. p. 1298. {{ISBN|978-0-19-861248-3}}.</ref> Proceedin frae the [[transcendental idealism]] o [[Immanuel Kant]], Schopenhauer developit an [[atheistic]] metapheesical an ethical seestem that haes been descrived as an exemplar kythin o [[philosophical pessimism]],<ref>{{cite book|title=Essays and Aphorisms|year=2004|publisher=Penguin Classics|isbn=978-0-14-044227-4|author=Arthur Schopenhauer|pages=22–36|quote= …but there has been none who tried with so great a show of learning to demonstrate that the pessimistic outlook is ''justified'', that life itself is really bad. It is to this end that Schopenhauer’s metaphysic of will and idea exists.}}</ref><ref>''[http://librivox.org/studies-in-pessimism-by-arthur-schopenhauer/ Studies in Pessimism]'' – audiobeuk frae [[LibriVox]].</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Encyclopedia of Psychology and Religion, Volume 2|year=2009|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-0-387-71801-9|editor1=David A. Leeming |editor2=Kathryn Madden |editor3=Stanton Marlan |page=824|quote=A more accurate statement might be that for a German – rather than a French or British writer of that time – Schopenhauer was an honest and open atheist.}}<!--|accessdate=2 September 2012--></ref> rejectin the contemporaneous [[post-Kantian thocht|post-Kantian philosophies]] o [[German idealism]].<ref>Arthur Schopenhauer, The World as Will and Representation, Vol. 1, trans. E. Payne, (New York: Dover Publishing Inc., 1969), Vol. 2, Ch. 50.</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Schopenhauer, Philosophy and the Arts|year=2007|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-04406-6|editor=Dale Jacquette|page=162|quote=For Kant, the mathematical sublime, as seen for example in the starry heavens, suggests to imagination the infinite, which in turn leads by subtle turns of contemplation to the concept of God. Schopenhauer's atheism will have none of this, and he rightly observes that despite adopting Kant's distinction between the dynamical and mathematical sublime, his theory of the sublime, making reference to the struggles and sufferings of struggles and sufferings of Will, is unlike Kant's.}}<!--|accessdate=2 September 2012--></ref> Schopenhauer wis amang the first thinkers in [[Wastren philosophie]] tae skare an affirm signeeficant tenets o [[Eastren philosophie]] (e.g., [[asceticism]], the warld-as-[[appearance (philosophie)|appearance]]), haein ineetially arrived at seemilar conclusions as the eftercast o his ain philosophical wark.<ref>See the beuk-lenth study aboot oriental influences on the genesis o Schopenhauer's philosophie bi [[Urs App]]: ''Schopenhauer's Compass. An Introduction to Schopenhauer's Philosophy and its Origins''. Wil: UniversityMedia, 2014 ({{ISBN|978-3-906000-03-9}})</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=An Introduction to the History of Psychology|edition=6th|year=2009|publisher=Cengage Learning|isbn=978-0-495-50621-8|last=Hergenhahn |first=B. R.|page=216|quote=Although Schopenhauer was an atheist, he realized that his philosophy of denial had been part of several great religions; for example, Christianity, Hinduism, and Buddhism.}}<!--|accessdate=2 September 2012--></ref>

'''Leinster''' ({{lang-ga|Laighin}}) is ane o fower Erse stewartries, the ithers bein [[Munster]], [[Ulster]] an [[Connacht]]. Leinster haes the muckle maist population o the fower stewartries; 2,292,939 fowk. It is the stewartry wi the ceety o [[Dublin]].

{{Year dab|1869}}
{{Year nav|1869}}
{{C19 year in topic}}
'''1869''' is a year o the Gregorian Calendar.

| birth_place      = [[Düsseldorf]], [[Rhine Province]], [[Free State o Proushie|Proushie]], [[Weimar Republic|Germany]]
| region           = [[Wastren Philosophy]]
| era              = [[Contemporary philosophy]]
| school_tradition = {{hlist| [[Continental philosophy]] | [[Creetical theory]] }}
| alma_mater       = 
| main_interests   = {{hlist| [[Social theory]] | [[Epistemology]] | [[Poleetical theory]] | [[Pragmatics]] }}
| notable_ideas    = {{hlist| [[Communicative rationality]] | [[Post-metaphysical philosophy]] | [[Discoorse ethics]] | [[Deliberative democracy]] | [[Universal pragmatics]] | [[Communicative action]] | [[The Structural Transformation o the Public Sphere|The structural transformation o the public sphere]] | The seestem–[[lifewarld]] distinction | Creetique o subject-centred raison | [[Structuralism#Interpretations an general creeticisms|Creeticism o structuralism]] | [[Performative contradiction]] | [[Constitutional patriotism]] }}
| signature = Jürgen Habermas signature.jpg
| influences       = {{hlist| [[Max Weber|Weber]] | [[Émile Durkheim|Durkheim]] | [[George Herbert Mead|Mead]] | [[Karl Marx|Marx]] | [[Wilhelm Dilthey|Dilthey]] | [[Talcott Parsons|Parsons]] | [[Immanuel Kant|Kant]] | [[Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel|Hegel]] | [[Martin Heidegger|Heidegger]] | [[Jean Piaget|Piaget]] | [[Max Horkheimer|Horkheimer]] | [[Theodor W. Adorno|Adorno]] | [[Herbert Marcuse|Marcuse]] | [[Ludwig Wittgenstein|Wittgenstein]] | [[Charles Sanders Peirce|Peirce]] | [[J. L. Austin|Austin]] | [[Wolfgang Abendroth]] }}
| influenced       = {{hlist| [[Claus Offe|Offe]] | [[Axel Honneth|Honneth]] | [[Thomas A. McCarthy|McCarthy]] | [[Hans-Hermann Hoppe|Hoppe]] | [[Seyla Benhabib|Benhabib]] | [[Nancy Fraser|Fraser]] }}
| spouse = Ute Wesselhöft
}}
'''Jürgen Habermas''' ({{IPA-de|ˈjʏrɡn̩ ˈhaːbɐmaːs|lang}};<ref>Max Mangold and Dudenredaktion: ''Duden Aussprachewörterbuch.'' In: ''Der Duden in zwölf Bänden.'' Volume 6, 6th edition, Dudenverlag, Mannheim/Leipzig/Wien/Zürich 2005 ISBN 978-3-411-04066-7, "Jürgen" p. 446 and "Habermas" p. 383.</ref> born 18 Juin 1929) is a German [[sociology|sociologist]] an philosopher in the tradeetion o [[creetical theory]] an [[pragmatism]]. He is aiblins best kent for his theories on [[communicative raitionality]] an the [[public sphere]]. In 2014, [[Prospect (magazine)|Prospect]] readers waled Habermas as ane o thair favourites amang the "warld's leadin thinkers."<ref name="prospectmagazine.co.uk">{{cite news|url=http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/features/world-thinkers-2014-the-results|title=World thinkers 2014: The results|author=Serena Kutchinsky|date=23 April 2014|publisher=Prospect Magazine|quote=12. Jürgen Habermas, philosopher|access-date=2017-03-26|archive-date=2019-09-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190928151452/http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/features/world-thinkers-2014-the-results|url-status=dead}}</ref>

{{Chembox
| Watchedfields = changed
|  verifiedrevid = 464364488
|  ImageFile1 = Ammonia-dimensions-from-Greenwood&Earnshaw-2D.png
|   ImageSize1 = 200px
|   ImageName1 = Stereo structural formula o ammonia
|  ImageFileL1 = Ammonia-3D-balls-A.png
|   ImageSizeL1 = 125px
|   ImageNameL1 = Baw-an-stick model o the ammonia molecule
|  ImageFileR1 = Ammonia-3D-vdW.png
|   ImageSizeR1 = 125 px
|   ImageNameR1 = Space-fillin model o the ammonia molecule
| IUPACName = Azane
|  OtherNames = Hydrogen nitride<br />
Trihydrogen nitride<br />
Nitro-Sil
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
|  InChI = 1/H3N/h1H3
| InChIKey = QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYAF
| CASNo = 7664-41-7
|   CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
|  PubChem = 222
|   PubChem_Ref = {{Pubchemcite}}
| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEMBL = 1160819
|  ChemSpiderID = 217
|   ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
|  UNII = 5138Q19F1X
|   UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
|  EINECS = 231-635-3
|  UNNumber = 1005
|  KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}}
| KEGG = D02916
|  MeSHName = Ammonia
|  ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEBI = 16134
|  RTECS = BO0875000
|  SMILES = N
|  StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/H3N/h1H3
|  StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N
|  Beilstein = 3587154
|  Gmelin = 79
|  3DMet = B00004}}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
| Formula = NH<sub>3</sub>
| MolarMass = 17.031 g/mol
| Appearance = Colourless gas
| Odor = strong pungent odor
| Density = 0.86&nbsp;kg/m<sup>3</sup> (1.013 bar at boiling point)<br />0.73&nbsp;kg/m<sup>3</sup> (1.013 bar at 15&nbsp;°C)<br />681.9&nbsp;kg/m<sup>3</sup> at −33.3&nbsp;°C (liquid)<ref>{{cite book|url=http://books.google.com/?id=qPGzhL3Y50YC&pg=PA132|page=132|title=Systematic Inorganic Chemistry|author=Yost, Don M.|chapter=Ammonia and Liquid Ammonia Solutions|publisher=READ BOOKS|year=2007|isbn=1-4067-7302-6}}</ref><br />817&nbsp;kg/m<sup>3</sup> at −80&nbsp;°C (transparent solid)<ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1080/00337577508240819|title=On crystalline character of transparent solid ammonia|year=1975|author=Blum, Alexander|journal=Radiation Effects and Defects in Solids|volume=24|issue=4|page=277}}</ref>
| MeltingPtC = −77.73
| BoilingPtC = −33.34
| Solubility = 47% (0&nbsp;°C)<br />31% (25&nbsp;°C)<br />28% (50&nbsp;°C)<ref>{{cite book|url=http://books.google.com/?id=0fT4wfhF1AsC&pg=PA17|page=17|title=Handbook of inorganic compounds |author=Perry, Dale L.; Phillips, Sidney L.|publisher=CRC Press|year=1995|isbn=0-8493-8671-3}}</ref>
| SolubleOther = soluble in [[chloroform]], [[ether]], [[ethanol]], [[methanol]]
| Solvent =
| pKa = 32.5 (−33&nbsp;°C),<ref>Perrin, D. D., ''Ionisation Constants of Inorganic Acids and Bases in Aqueous Solution''; 2nd Ed., Pergamon Press: Oxford, '''1982'''.</ref> 10.5 (DMSO)
| pKb = 4.75
| RefractIndex = 1.3327
| Viscosity = 0.276 cP (-40 °C)
| VaporPressure = 8573 h Pa
}}
| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure
| MolShape = [[Trigonal pyramid (chemistry)|Trigonal pyramid]]
| Dipole = 1.42 [[Debye|D]]
}}
| Section4 = {{Chembox Thermochemistry
|   DeltaHf = −46&nbsp;kJ·mol<sup>−1</sup><ref name=b1>{{cite book| author = Zumdahl, Steven S.|title =Chemical Principles 6th Ed| url = https://archive.org/details/chemicalprincipl0000zumd_u9g0| publisher = Houghton Mifflin Company| year = 2009| isbn = 0-618-94690-X|page=A22}}</ref>
|   Entropy = 193&nbsp;J·mol<sup>−1</sup>·K<sup>−1</sup><ref name=b1/>
 }}
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards
|   GHSPictograms = {{GHSp|GHS04}}{{GHSp|GHS05}}{{GHSp|GHS06}}{{GHSp|GHS09}}<ref name="sigma">{{Sigma-Aldrich|id=294993|name=Ammonia|accessdate=2013-07-20}}</ref>
|   HPhrases = {{H-phrases|221|280|314|331|400}}<ref name="sigma" />
|   PPhrases = {{P-phrases|210|261|273|280|305+351+338|310}}<ref name="sigma" />
| External MSDS = [http://www.inchem.org/documents/icsc/icsc/eics0414.htm ICSC 0414] (anhydrous)
| EUIndex = 007-001-00-5 (anhydrous)<br />007-001-01-2 (solutions)
| EUClass = {{Hazchem T}} {{Hazchem C}} {{Hazchem N}}
| NFPA-H = 3
| NFPA-F = 1
| NFPA-R = 0
| NFPA-O =
| RPhrases = {{R10}}, {{R23}}, {{R34}}, {{R50}}
| SPhrases = {{S1/2}}, {{S9}}, {{S16}}, {{S26}}, {{S36/37/39}}, {{S45}}, {{S61}}
| FlashPt = flammable gas (''see text'')
| AutoignitionC = 651
| ExploLimits = 15–28%
| PEL = 50 ppm (25 ppm [[ACGIH]]- TLV; 35 ppm [[STEL]])
| LD50 = 0.015 mL/kg (human, oral)
}}
| Section8 = {{Chembox Related
| OtherAnions =
| OtherCations = [[Phosphine]]<br />[[Arsine]]<br />[[Stibine]]
| OtherFunctn = [[Hydrazine]]<br />[[Hydrazoic acid]]
| Function = nitrogen hydrides
| OtherCpds = [[Ammonium hydroxide]]
}}
}}
'''Ammonia''' or '''azane''' is a [[chemical compound|compoond]] o [[nitrogen]] an [[hydrogen]] wi the [[chemical formula|formula]] NH<sub>3</sub>. It is a colourless [[gas]] wi a characteristic [[pungent]] [[odor|smell]]. Ammonia contreibutes signeeficantly tae the [[nutreetion]]al needs o terrestrial organisms bi serving as a precursor tae [[fuid]] an [[fertilizer]]s. Ammonia, either directly or indirectly, is an aa a biggin-block for the synthesis o mony [[pharmaceuticals]] an is uised in mony commercial cleanin products. Altho in wide uise, ammonia is baith [[Caustic (substance)|caustic]] an [[hazard]]ous. The global industrial production o ammonia for 2012 wis anticipatit tae be 198 million tonnes,<ref name="ceresana1">{{cite web |author=Ceresana |url=http://www.ceresana.com/en/market-studies/chemicals/ammonia/ceresana-market-study-ammonia.html |title=Market Study Ammonia |publisher=Ceresana |date= |accessdate=2012-11-07 |archive-date=2019-10-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191009121132/https://www.ceresana.com/en/market-studies/chemicals/ammonia/ceresana-market-study-ammonia.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> a 35% increase ower the estimatit 2006 global output o 146.5 million tonnes.<ref name=Ullmann>{{cite book|author=Max Appl |title=Ammonia, in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry|year= 2006|publisher= Wiley-VCH|location= Weinheim|doi=10.1002/14356007.a02_143.pub2}}</ref>

{{fixscots}}{{Cloning error}}
{{Italic title}}
'''''The Economist''''' is an Inglis-leid weekly news an internaitional affairs publication owned bi The Economist Newspaper Ltd. an editit in offices in [[Lunnon]].<ref>"[http://www.economistgroup.com/contact/index.html Locations]." Economist Group. Retrieved 12 September 2009.</ref><ref name="Map">"[http://www.westminster.gov.uk/maps/ Maps] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110905100803/http://www.westminster.gov.uk/maps/ |date=2011-09-05 }}." Ceety o Wastmeenster. Retrieved 28 August 2009.</ref> Continuous publication stairtit unner foonder [[James Wilson (UK politeecian)|James Wilson]] in September 1843. For historical reasons, ''The Economist'' refers tae itsel as a newspaper, but ilka prent edition appears on sma glossy paper lik a news [[magazine]], an its [[YouTube]] chainel is cried EconomistMagazine.<ref>[http://www.youtube.com/user/EconomistMagazine EconomistMagazine] – ''The Economist'' YouTube feed</ref> In 2015, its average weekly circulation wis reportit tae be 1.5 million.<ref name=pgazette>{{cite web|url=http://www.pressgazette.co.uk/seriously-popular-economist-now-claims-reach-53m-readers-week-print-and-online |title=Seriously popular: The Economist now claims to reach 5.3m readers a week in print and online |publisher=pressgazette.co.uk |accessdate=22 June 2015}}</ref>

{{fixscots|date=Dizember 2020}}

| coordinates_footnotes = 
| region              = [[Piemont]]
| province            = [[Province o Turin|Turin]] (TO)
| frazioni            = 
| mayor_party         = 
| mayor               = Danilo Giovanni Chiuminatti
| area_footnotes      = 
| area_total_km2      = 28.6
| population_footnotes = <ref name="istat">All demographics and other statistics: Italian statistical institute [[Istituto Nazionale di Statistica|ISTAT]].</ref> 
population_total    = 415
| population_as_of    = 31 December 2010
| pop_density_footnotes = 
| population_demonym  = Salesi
| elevation_footnotes = 
| elevation_m         = 
| twin1               = 
| twin1_country       = 
| saint               = St. Sebastian
| day                 = 20 January
| postal_code         = 10080
| area_code           = 0124
| website             = {{official|http://www.castelnuovo-nigra.it}}
| footnotes           = 
}}
'''Castelnuovo Nigra''' is a ''[[comune]]'' (municipality) in the [[Province o Turin]] in the [[Italy|Italian]] region [[Piemont]], locatit aboot 40&nbsp;km north o [[Turin]]. 

{{automatic taxobox
| name = Pangolin
| fossil_range = {{Fossil range|Paleocene|Present}}
| image = Manidae.jpg
| image_caption =
| image_width = 250px
| parent_authority = [[Max Carl Wilhelm Weber|Weber]], 1904
| taxon = Manidae
| authority = [[John Edward Gray|Gray]], 1821
| display_parents = 2
| subdivision_ranks = Genera
| subdivision = {{Plainlist|
*''[[Manis]]''
*''[[Phataginus]]''
*''[[Smutsia]]''
}}
| range_map = Minus ranges.png
}}
'''Pangolins''' are mammals o the order '''Pholidota'''. The ane extant faimily, '''Manidae''', haes three genera: ''Manis'', which comprises fower species livin in [[Asie]], ''Phataginus'', which comprises twa species livin in [[Africae]], an ''Smutsia'', which comprises twa species an aa livin in Africae.<ref name="web2.utc.edu">{{cite journal|last1=Gaudin|first1=Timothy|title=The Phylogeny of Living and Extinct Pangolins (Mammalia, Pholidota) and Associated Taxa: A Morphology Based Analysis|journal=Journal of Mammalian Evolution|date=28 August 2009|volume=16|issue=4|pages=235–305|doi=10.1007/s10914-009-9119-9|url=http://web2.utc.edu/~gvv824/Gaudin%20et%20al%202009.pdf|accessdate=14 May 2015|archive-date=2015-09-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150925134257/http://web2.utc.edu/~gvv824/Gaudin%20et%20al%202009.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> Thir species range in size frae {{convert|30|to|100|cm}}. A nummer o extinct pangolin species are an aa kent.

'''Airchitectur''' is the [[airt]] an [[science]] o [[biggin]]s an structurs<ref>{{Cite web|title=architecture - Expression of technique {{!}} Britannica|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/architecture/Expression-of-technique|access-date=2022-11-16|website=www.britannica.com|language=en}}</ref> like [[yett]]s, [[brig]]s, an ither things that's biggit. Whiles, the pairts aboot the biggins, sic as [[pad]]s an [[gairden]]s, is includit in the design an aw.

{{taxobox
|name = lint
|image =Linum_usitatissimum_-_Köhler–s_Medizinal-Pflanzen-088.jpg
|image_caption = Lint plant
|regnum = [[Plant]]ae
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Rosids]]
|ordo = [[Malpighiales]]
|familia = [[Linaceae]]
|genus = ''[[Linum]]''
|species = '''''L. usitatissimum'''''
|binomial = ''Linum usitatissimum''
|binomial_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|Linnaeus]].
|}}
'''Lint''' (''Linum usitatissimum'') is growen baith for its seeds, kent as lint-bennels, an for its feebres. Sindry pairts o the plant haes been uised for tae mak linen, dye, paper, medicines, fishin nets, hair gels an saip. It is whiles growen as an ornamental plant in gairdens, the flouers bein kent as lint-bells.

|Lageplan          = Kronsgaard in SL.PNG
|Bundesland        = Schleswig-Holstein
|Kreis             = Schleswig-Flensburg
|Amt               = Geltinger Bucht
|Höhe              = 0
|Fläche            = 5.92
|Einwohner         = 254
|Stand             = 2006-12-31
|PLZ               = 24395
|Vorwahl           = 04643
|Kfz               = SL
|Gemeindeschlüssel = 01 0 59 136
|Adresse-Verband   = Holmlück 2<br />24972 Steinbergkirche
|Website           = [http://www.kronsgaard.de/ www.kronsgaard.de]
|Bürgermeister     = Hans-Walter Jens
|Partei            =
}}

{{Other uses}}

'''Capper''' is a [[Chemistry|chemical]] [[element]] in the periodic cairt that haes the seembol '''Cu''' ([[Laitin|L.:]] ''Cuprum'') an atomic nummer 29. It is a [[ductile]] metal wi vera heich thermal an electrical conductivity. A freshly exposed surface o pure capper has a [[Capper (colour)|reiddish-orange colour]]. Capper is uised as a conductor o heat an electricity, as a [[biggin material#Metal|biggin material]], an as a constituent o various metal [[alloy]]s, sic as [[sterling siller]] uised in [[jewelry]], [[cupronickel]] uised tae mak marine haurdware an [[cunyies]], an [[constantan]] uised in [[strain gauge]]s an [[thermocouples]] for temperatur meisurment.

| birth_place   = [[Siegen]], [[County of Nassau|Nassau-Dillenburg]] (nou [[North Rhine-Wastphalie]], Germany)
| death_date    = {{death date and age|df=yes|1640|5|30|1577|6|28}}
| death_place   = [[Antwerp]], [[Spainyie Netherlands]] (nou [[Belgium]])
| nationality   = Flemish
| field         = Pentin, [[Prentmakkin]]
| training      = [[Tobias Verhaecht]]<br />[[Adam van Noort]]<br />[[Otto van Veen]]
| movement      = [[Flemish Baroque pentin|Flemish Baroque]]<br />[[Baroque]]
| works         = 
| patrons       =
| signature     = File:Rubens autograph.png
| awards        = 
}}
'''Sir Peter Paul Rubens''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|r|uː|b|ən|z}};<ref>[http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/rubens "Rubens"]. ''[[Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary]]''.</ref> {{IPA-nl|ˈrybəns|lang}}; 28 Juin 1577 – 30 Mey 1640), wis a [[Flemish]] airtist. He is conseedert the maist influential airtist o [[Flemish Baroque pentin|Flemish Baroque]] tradeetion. Rubens' heichly chairged composeetions reference erudite aspects o clessical an Christian history. His unique an immensely popular Baroque style emphasized muivement, colour, an sensuality, that follaed the immediate, dramatic airtistic style promotit in the [[Coonter-Reformation]]. Rubens specialised in makkin altarpieces, portraits, laundscapes, an [[history pentin]]s o meethological an allegorical subjects.

'''Taiga''' ({{lang-rus|тайга́|p=tɐjˈɡa}}; frae [[Turkic leids|Turkic]]<ref>"taiga." ''Dictionary.com Unabridged (v 1.1)''. Random House, Inc. 12 Mar. 2008. [http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/taiga ''web link'']</ref>) an aa known as '''boreal forest''' or '''snowforest''', is a [[biome]] characterised bi [[pinophyta|coniferous]] [[forest]]s consistin maistly o [[pine]]s, [[spruce]]s an [[larch]]es.

'''Vegetation''' is general plant life an the [[grund cover]] providit bi plants.  Vegetation haes na parteecular taxa, life furms, structur, spatial extent, or ony ither specific botanical or geografic characteristics. It is broader nor ''[[Flora (plants)|flora]]'' which refers exclusively tae species composeetion. Aiblins the closest synonym is [[plant community]], but ''vegetation'' can, an eften daes, refer tae a wider range o spatial scales nor that term daes, includin scales as lairge as the global.  Primeval reidwid forests, coastal mangrove stands, sphagnum bogs, desert sile crusts, roadside weed patches, wheat fields, cultivatit gairdens an lawns; aw are encompassed bi the term ''vegetation''.

</ref>
| luster        = [[Vitreous lustre|Vitreous]]
| polish        =
| texture       = [[Smuith; glessy]]
| refractive    =
| opticalprop   = [[Leamin]]
| birefringence =
| dispersion    =
| pleochroism   =
| fluorescence  =
| absorption    =
| streak        =
| gravity       = ~2.4<ref>{{cite book|author=Geological Survey (U.S.)|title=Geological Survey (U.S.)|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=hQglAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA185|year=1981|publisher=The Survey|pages=185–}}</ref>
| density       =
| melt          =
| fusibility    =
| diagnostic    =
| solubility    =
| diaphaneity   =
| other         =
| references =<ref>[http://www.mindat.org/min-8519.html Obsidian]. Mindat.org</ref>
}}
'''Obsidian''' is a naiturally occurrin [[volcanic gless]] furmed as an [[extrusive]] [[igneous rock]].

{{Automatic taxobox
| taxon = Eudicots
| fossil_range = [[Early Cretaceous]] - Recent
| image = Primula aka.jpg
| image_caption = ''Primula hortensis'', a eudicot
| subdivision_ranks = Clades ([[APG III seestem|APG III]])
| subdivision = 
*Basal eudicots:
**[[Ranunculales]]
**[[Sabiaceae]]
**[[Proteales]]
**[[Trochodendrales]]
**[[Buxales]]
*Core eudicots:
**[[Gunnerales]]
**[[Dilleniaceae]] (unplaced)
**[[Saxifragales]]
**[[Rosids]] - 17 orders
**[[Berberidopsidales]]
**[[Santalales]]
**[[Caryophyllales]]
**[[Asterids]] - 13 orders
}}

| birth_place         = [[Marlton, New Jersey]], U.S.
| death_date          = {{Death date and age|mf=yes|2016|6|10|1994|3|12}}
| death_place         = [[Orlando, Florida]], U.S.
| genre               = {{hlist|[[contemporary R&B|R&B]]|[[soul muisic|soul]]|[[Pop (muisic)|pop]]}}
| occupation          = {{hlist|Sangster|songwriter|pianist}}
| instrument          = {{hlist|[[Sangin|Vocals]]|[[piano]]|[[guitar]]|[[Drum kit|drums]]}}
| years_active        = 2009{{ndash}}16
| label               = {{hlist|[[Creative Artists Agency]]|[[Island Records]]}}
| associated_acts     = {{hlist|[[Adam Levine]]|[[Before You Exit]]|[[Selena Gomez]]|[[Dove Cameron]]}}
| website             = {{Official website}}
}}
'''Christina Victoria Grimmie''' (Mairch 12, 1994 – Juin 10, 2016) wis an American sangster an sangwriter, kent for her pairteecipation in the [[NBC]] sangin competeetion ''[[The Voice (U.S. TV series)|The Voice]]'' an for her [[Cover version|covers]] o hit sangs bi contemporary pop muisickers.

{{infobox drug
| verifiedrevid =
| IUPAC_name = 1,3,7-Trimethylpurine-2,6-dione<!--Refs: Pubchem & IUPHAR ligand-->
| image = Koffein - Caffeine.svg
| image2 = Caffeine (1) 3D spacefill.png
| alt2 = Caffeine molecule
| width = 150px
| width2 = 150px

{{taxobox
|name = Tulip
|image = Tulipa suaveolens floriade to Canberra.jpg
|image_caption = Cultivated tulip – [[Floriade, Canberra|Floriade]] 2005, [[Canberra]]
|regnum = [[Plantae]]
|divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|cotyledons_classis = [[Monocots]]
|ordo = [[Liliales]]
|familia = [[Liliaceae]]
|subfamilia = [[Lilioideae]]
|genus = '''''Tulipa'''''
|subdivision_ranks =
|subdivision =
|}}

'''Nazism''' (''Nationalsozialismus'', '''Naitional Socialism'''; alternatively spelled '''Naziism''' wis the [[ideology]] an practice o the [[Nazi Party]] an o [[Nazi Germany]]. It wis a unique variety o [[fascism]] that involved [[Scientific racism|biological racism]] an [[antisemitism]]. Nazism presented itself as [[Syncretic politics|politically syncretic]], incorporating policies, tactics an philosophies frae [[Left–right politics|right- an left-wing]] ideologies; in practice, Nazism wis a [[Far-right politics|far right]] form o politics.

{{taxobox
|name = Dentylion
|image = DandelionFlower.jpg
|image2 = TaraxacumOfficinaleSeed.JPG
|image2_caption = A dandelion flouer heid componed o hundreds o smawer florets (tap) an seed heid (bottom)
|regnum = [[Plantae]]
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Asterids]]
|ordo = [[Asterales]]
|familia = [[Asteraceae]]
|tribus = [[Cichorieae]]
|genus = '''''Taraxacum'''''
|genus_authority = [[Alexandre Henri Gabriel de Cassini|Cass.]]
|subdivision_ranks = Species
|subdivision = See text
}}
'''''Taraxacum''''' {{IPAc-en|t|ə|ˈ|r|æ|k|s|ə|k|ʉ|m}} is a lairge genus o [[flouerin plant]]s in the faimily [[Asteraceae]]. Thay are native tae Eurasie an North an Sooth Americae, an twa species, ''[[Taraxacum officinale|T. officinale]]'' an ''[[Taraxacum erythrospermum|T. erythrospermum]]'', are foond as [[weed]]s warldwide.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=132314  | title = ''Taraxacum'' | work = [[Flora of North America]] }}</ref> Baith species are edible in thair entirety.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.motherearthnews.com/Real-Food/2008-04-01/Dandelion-Recipes.aspx?page=2 | title = Wild About Dandelions | work = Mother Earth News | access-date = 2013-07-05 | archive-date = 2012-12-13 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20121213173255/http://www.motherearthnews.com/Real-Food/2008-04-01/Dandelion-Recipes.aspx?page=2 | url-status = dead }}</ref> The common name '''dentyion''' is gien tae members o the [[genus]], an like ither members o the Asteraceae faimily, thay hae very smaa flouers collectit thegither intae a composite [[Heid (botany)|flouer heid]]. Each single flouer in a heid is cried a floret. Mony ''Taraxacum'' species produce seeds [[asexual reproduction|asexually]] bi [[apomixis]], whaur the seeds are produced wioot [[pollination]], resultin in affspring that are genetically identical tae the parent plant.

{{short description|American company}}

|Lageplan = Fulda in FD.svg
|Bundesland        = Hesse
|Regierungsbezirk  = Kassel
|Landkreis         = Fulda
|Höhe              = 261
|Fläche            = 104.04
|Gemeindeschlüssel = 06631009
|Einwohner         = 63958
|Stand             = 2005-12-31
|PLZ               = 36001–36043
|PLZ-alt           = 6400
|Vorwahl           = 0661
|Kfz               = FD
|Website           = [http://www.fulda.de/ www.fulda.de]
|Bürgermeister     = Gerhard Möller
|Bürgermeistertitel = Oberbürgermeister
|Partei            = CDU
|year              = 744
}}
'''Fulda''' ({{IPA-de|ˈfʊlda}}) is a ceety in [[Hessen]], [[Germany]]; it is locatit on the [[Fulda (river)|river Fulda]] an is the admeenistrative seat o the [[Fulda (destrict)|Fulda destrict]] (''Kreis''). In 1990, the toun hostit the 30t [[Hessentag]] state festival.

{{fixscots}}
{{unsoorced}}
{{italic title}}
{{Taxobox
| name = True Toads
| image = Bufo periglenes2.jpg
| image_width = 240px
| image_caption = [[Gowden toad|Gowden Toad]] (''Bufo periglenes'')
| regnum = [[Animalia]]
| phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]]
| classis = [[Amphibia]]
| ordo = [[Frog|Anura]]
| familia = [[Bufonidae]]
| genus = '''''Bufo'''''
| genus_authority = [[Joseph Nicolai Laurenti|Laurenti]], 1768
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision = 
See text.
}}

{{fixscots}}
{{taxobox
| name = ''Sedum telephium''
| image = Sedum telephium 240808e.jpg
| image_caption = ''S. telephium'' subsp. ''telephium''
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
| unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
| unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
| unranked_ordo = [[Core eudicots]]
| ordo = [[Saxifragales]]
| familia = [[Crassulaceae]]
| genus = ''[[Sedum]]''
| species = '''''S. telephium'''''
| binomial = ''Sedum telephium''
| binomial_authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]
|synonyms =
    {{Plainlist | style = margin-left: 1em; text-indent: -1em; |
*''Anacampseros albida'' <small>Haw. ex DC.</small>
*''Anacampseros arguta'' <small>Haw.</small>
*''Anacampseros aurigerana'' <small>Jord. & Fourr.</small>
*''Anacampseros beugesiaca'' <small>Jord. & Fourr.</small>
*''Anacampseros borderi'' <small>Jord. & Fourr.</small>
*''Anacampseros buxicola'' <small>Jord. & Fourr.</small>
*''Anacampseros conferta'' <small>Jord. & Fourr.</small>
*''Anacampseros convexa'' <small>Jord. & Fourr.</small>
*''Anacampseros dumeticola'' <small>Jord. & Fourr.</small>
*''Anacampseros julliana'' <small>Jord. & Fourr.</small>
*''Anacampseros lapidicola'' <small>Jord. & Fourr.</small>
*''Anacampseros lugdunensis'' <small>Jord. & Fourr.</small>
*''Anacampseros monticulorum'' <small>Jord. & Fourr.</small>
*''Anacampseros navieri'' <small>Jord. & Fourr.</small>
*''Anacampseros praecelsa'' <small>Jord. & Fourr.</small>
*''Anacampseros purpurea'' <small>Haw. ex DC.</small>
*''Anacampseros pycnantha'' <small>Jord. & Fourr.</small>
*''Anacampseros repens'' <small>Jord. & Fourr.</small>
*''Anacampseros rhodanensis'' <small>Jord. & Fourr.</small>
*''Anacampseros rubella'' <small>Jord. & Fourr.</small>
*''Anacampseros rupifraga'' <small>Jord. & Fourr.</small>
*''Anacampseros saxifraga'' <small>Jord. & Fourr.</small>
*''Anacampseros subalbida'' <small>Jord. & Fourr.</small>
*''Anacampseros triphylla'' <small>Haw.</small>
*''Anacampseros viridula'' <small>Jord. & Fourr.</small>
*''Anacampseros vogesiaca'' <small>Jord. & Fourr.</small>
*''Anacampseros vulgaris'' <small>Haw.</small>
*''Hylotelephium argutum'' <small>(Haw.) Holub</small>
*''Hylotelephium carpaticum'' <small>(G.Reuss) Soják</small>
*''Hylotelephium jullianum'' <small>(Boreau) Grulich</small>
*''Hylotelephium maritimum'' <small>(Bohuslav) Grulich</small>
*''Hylotelephium purpureum'' <small>(L.) Holub</small>
*''Hylotelephium sanguineum'' <small>(Ortega) Castrov. & Velayos</small>
*''Hylotelephium telephium'' <small>(L.) H.Ohba</small>
*''Hylotelephium triphyllum'' <small>(Haw.) Holub</small>
*''Hylotelephium vulgare'' <small>(Haw.) Holub</small>
*''Hylotelephium zhiguliense'' <small>Tzvelev</small>
*''Sedum argutum'' <small>(Haw.) Sweet</small>
*''Sedum carpaticum'' <small>G.Reuss</small>
*''Sedum fabaria'' <small>W.D.J.Koch</small> nom. illeg.
*''Sedum jullianum'' <small>Boreau</small>
*''Sedum maritimum'' <small>Bohuslav</small>
*''Sedum mugodscharicum'' <small>Boriss.</small>
*''Sedum purpurascens'' <small>W.D.J.Koch</small>
*''Sedum purpureum'' <small>(L.) Schult.</small>
*''Sedum sanguineum'' <small>Ortega</small>
*''Sedum triphyllum'' <small>(Haw.) Gray</small>
    }}
|synonyms_ref = <ref>{{citation
|url=http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2488984
|title=The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species
|accessdate=28 July 2016
|archive-date=2019-08-21
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190821005048/http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2488984
|url-status=dead
}}</ref>
}}
'''Orpie''', ''Sedum telephium'', eften cried ''Hylotelephium telephium'', is a [[succulent]] [[perennial plant|perennial]] [[grundkiver]]<ref name=mackensie>[https://books.google.com/books?id=u2MYhwxcVycC&pg=RA1-PA290&dq=witch's+moneybags ''Perennial ground covers''], [[David S. MacKenzie]], [[Timber Press]], 2002, p. 290, {{ISBN|978-0-88192-557-9}}</ref> o the faimily [[Crassulaceae]] native tae [[Eurasie]].

{{Taxobox
| name = Chinee pangolin
| image = Pangolin's tail.jpg
| status = CR
| status_system = iucn3.1
| status_ref = <ref name=iucn>{{IUCN | assessor =  Challender, D. | assessor2 =  Baillie, J. | assessor3 =  Ades, G. | assessor4 =  Kaspal, P. | assessor5 =  Chan, B. | assessor6 =  Khatiwada, A. | assessor7 =  Xu, L. | assessor8 =  Chin, S. | assessor9 =  KC, R. | assessor10 =  Nash, H. | display-assessors =  etal | assessment_year = 2014 | id = 12764| title = Manis pentadactyla | iucn_year = 2014 | version = 2014.2 | downloaded = 2014-07-29}}</ref>
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]]
| classis = [[Mammal]]ia
| ordo = [[Pholidota]]
| familia = [[Manidae]]
| genus = ''[[Manis]]''
| species = '''''M. pentadactyla'''''
| binomial = ''Manis pentadactyla''
| binomial_authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], [[10t edeetion o Systema Naturae|1758]] <ref>{{cite book|last=Linnæus|first=Carl|title=Systema naturæ per regna tria naturæ, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I|year=1758|publisher=Laurentius Salvius|location=Holmiæ|page=36|url=http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/80764#page/46/mode/1up|edition=10th|accessdate=23 November 2012|language=Latin}}</ref> 
| range_map = Chinese Pangolin area.png
| range_map_caption = Cheenese pangolin range
}}
The '''Chinee pangolin''' (''Manis pentadactyla'') is a [[pangolin]] hamelt in northren [[Indie]], [[Nepal]], [[Bhutan]], [[Bangladesh]], [[Myanmar]], northren [[Indocheenae|Indocheena]], throu maist o [[Taiwan]], an soothren [[Cheenae|Cheena]] (includin the islands o [[Hainan]]).<ref name=msw3>{{MSW3 Pholidota | id = 13900013 | page = 530}}</ref>

{{fixscots}}
{{unsoorced}}
{{taxobox
|image = Various grains.jpg
|image_width=250px
|image caption = Various cereals an thair products
|regnum = [[Plantae]]
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Monocots]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Commelinids]]
|ordo = [[Poales]]
|familia = [[Poaceae]]
}}
A '''cereal''' is a [[Poaceae|gress]], a member o the [[Monocotyledon|monocot]] faimily [[Poaceae]],<ref>The seeds o several ither plants, such as [[buckwheat]], are an aa used in the same manner as grains, but syne thay are nae grasses, thay cannae strictly be cried such</ref> cultivatit for the edible components o its [[fuid grain|grain]] (botanically, a teep o [[fruit]] cried a [[caryopsis]]), componed o the [[endosperm]], [[cereal germ|germ]], an [[bran]].

{{Year dab|1908}}
{{Year nav|1908}}
Year '''1908''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MCMVIII]]''') wis a [[leap year stairtin on Wadensday]] (airtin will display the full calendar) o the [[Gregorian calendar]] an a [[leap year stairtin on Tysday]] o the 13-day-slower [[Julian calendar]].

|birth_place      = [[Como]], [[Duchy o Milan]]
|death_date       = {{death date and age|df=yes|1689|8|12|1611|5|16}}
|death_place      = [[Roum]], [[Papal State]]
|other            = Innocent
|beatified_date   = 7 October 1956
|feast_day        = 12 August
|venerated        =
|saint_title      =
|beatified_place  =
|beatified_by     = [[Pape Pius XII]]
}}

{{fixscots|date=Julie 2021}}

'''Uranium''' is a [[chemical element]] wi seembol '''U''' an [[atomic nummer]]&nbsp;92. It is a sillery-white [[metal]] in the [[actinide]] series o the [[periodic table]]. A uranium atom haes 92 [[proton]]s an 92 [[electron]]s, o that 6 are [[valence electron]]s. Uranium is waikly [[radioactive decay|radioactive]] acause aw [[isotopes o uranium]] are unstable, wi [[hauf-lives]] varyin atween 159,200 year an 4.5 billion year lang. The maist common isotopes in [[naitural uranium]] are [[uranium-238]] (that haes 146 [[neutron]]s an accoonts for ower 99%) an [[uranium-235]] (that haes 143 neutrons). Uranium haes the heichest [[atomic wecht]] o the [[primordial nuclide|primordially]] occurrin elements. Its [[density]] is aboot 70% heicher than that o [[leid (element)|leid]], an slichtly lawer than that o [[gowd]] or [[tungsten]]. It occurs naiturally in law concentrations o a few [[Pairts-per notation#Parts-per expressions|pairts per million]] in syle, rock an watter, an is commercially [[uranium minin|extractit]] frae uranium-beirin [[mineral]]s sic as [[uraninite]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Uranium|url=https://www.britannica.com/science/uranium|website=Encyclopaedia Britannica|accessdate= 22 April 2017}}</ref>

UNAIDS|url=http://www.unaids.org/en/resources/presscentre/featurestories/2006/november/20061130redribbonen|website=www.unaids.org|publisher=UNAIDS Secretariat|accessdate=10 September 2017|archive-date=2017-09-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170910221331/http://www.unaids.org/en/resources/presscentre/featurestories/2006/november/20061130redribbonen|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| field           = [[Infectious disease (medical specialty)|Infectious disease]]
| synonyms        = HIV disease, HIV infection<ref name=AIDS2010GOV>{{cite web|title=What Are HIV and AIDS? {{!}} HIV.gov|url=https://www.hiv.gov/hiv-basics/overview/about-hiv-and-aids/what-are-hiv-and-aids|website=www.hiv.gov|publisher=U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS)|accessdate=10 September 2017|language=en}}</ref><ref name=M121>Mandell, Bennett, and Dolan (2010). Chapter 121.</ref><ref name=AETC-staging>{{cite web|title=HIV Classification: CDC and WHO Staging Systems {{!}} AIDS Education and Training Centers National Coordinating Resource Center (AETC NCRC)|url=https://aidsetc.org/guide/hiv-classification-cdc-and-who-staging-systems|website=aidsetc.org|publisher=AIDS Education and Training Center Program|accessdate=10 September 2017|language=en|archive-date=2017-10-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171018065658/https://aidsetc.org/guide/hiv-classification-cdc-and-who-staging-systems|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| symptoms        = '''Early''': flu lik illness<ref name=WHO2015Fact/><br />'''Later''': [[Lairge lymph nodes]], fiver, wecht loss<ref name=WHO2015Fact/>
| complications   = [[Opportunistic infection]]s, [[tumors]]<ref name=WHO2015Fact/>
| onset           = 
| duration        = Lang term<ref name=WHO2015Fact/>
| causes          = [[Human immunodeficiency virus]] (HIV)<ref name=WHO2015Fact/>
| risks           = Exposur tae bluid, breast milk, sex<ref name=WHO2015Fact/>
| diagnosis       = Bluid tests<ref name=WHO2015Fact/>
| differential    = 
| prevention      = [[Sauf sex]], [[needle exchynge]], [[male circumcision]]<ref name=WHO2015Fact/>
| treatment       = [[Antiretroviral therapy]]<ref name=WHO2015Fact/>
| medication      = 
| prognosis       = Near normal life expectancy wi treatment<ref name=CDC21015Bas/><ref name=UN2012Vac/>
| frequency       = 1.8 million new cases (2016)<ref name=UN2017/><br/>36.7 million living with HIV (2016)<ref name=UN2017>{{cite web|title=Global summary of the AIDS epidemic 2016|url=http://www.unaids.org/sites/default/files/media_asset/UNAIDS_2017_core-epidemiology-slides_en.pdf|website=UNAIDS|publisher=UNAIDS|accessdate=10 September 2017|date=June 2017|archive-date=2017-10-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171031070806/http://www.unaids.org/sites/default/files/media_asset/UNAIDS_2017_core-epidemiology-slides_en.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| deaths          = 1.0 million (2016)<ref name=UN2017/>
}}
<!--Defineetion an symptoms -->
'''Human immunodeficiency virus infection an acquired immune deficiency syndrome''' ('''HIV/AIDS''') is a spectrum o condeetions caused bi [[infection]] wi the [[HIV|human immunodeficiency virus]] (HIV).<ref name="pmid11396444">{{Cite journal|author=Sepkowitz KA|title=AIDS—the first 20 years|journal=N. Engl. J. Med.|volume=344|issue=23|pages=1764–72|date=June 2001|pmid=11396444|doi=10.1056/NEJM200106073442306}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=editors|first1=Alexander Krämer, Mirjam Kretzschmar, Klaus Krickeberg,|title=Modern infectious disease epidemiology concepts, methods, mathematical models, and public health|date=2010|publisher=Springer|location=New York|isbn=9780387938356|page=88|edition=Online-Ausg.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Di0_5x82HykC&pg=PA88|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924081609/https://books.google.com/books?id=Di0_5x82HykC&pg=PA88|archivedate=September 24, 2015|df=mdy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author1=Wilhelm Kirch|title=Encyclopedia of public health|date=2008|publisher=Springer|location=New York|isbn=9781402056130|pages=676–677|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eSPK7-CHw7oC&pg=PA676|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150911141720/https://books.google.com/books?id=eSPK7-CHw7oC&pg=PA676|archivedate=September 11, 2015|df=mdy-all}}</ref> Follaein ineetial infection, a person mey nae notice ony symptoms or mey experience a brief period o [[influenza-lik illness]].<ref name=WHO2015Fact/> Teepically, this is follaed bi a prolonged period wi na symptoms.<ref name=CDC21015Bas>{{cite web|title=About HIV/AIDS|url=https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/basics/whatishiv.html|website=CDC|accessdate=11 February 2016|date=December 6, 2015|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160224101946/http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/basics/whatishiv.html|archivedate=February 24, 2016|df=mdy-all}}</ref> As the infection progresses, it interferes mair wi the [[immune seestem]], increasin the risk o common infections lik [[tuberculosis]], as well as ither [[opportunistic infection]]s, an [[tumors]] that rarely affect fowk that hae wirkin immune seestems.<ref name=WHO2015Fact/> Thir late symptoms o infection are referred tae as acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).<ref name=CDC21015Bas/> This stage is eften an aa associatit wi [[wecht loss]].<ref name=CDC21015Bas/>

instead -->
| type                    = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment]]
| image_skyline           = FR-15-Aurillac21.JPG
| image_alt               = 
| image_caption           = [[Prefecturs in Fraunce|Prefectur]] biggin o the Cantal depairtment, in Aurillac
| image_flag              = Drapeau fr département Cantal.svg
| flag_alt                = 
| image_shield            = Blason département fr Cantal.svg
| shield_alt              = 
| nickname                = 
| motto                   = 
| image_map               = Cantal-Position.svg
| map_alt                 = 
| map_caption             = Location o Cantal in Fraunce
| pushpin_map             = 
| pushpin_label_position  = 
| pushpin_map_alt         = 
| pushpin_map_caption     = 
| coordinates             = {{coord|45|2|N|3|6|E|region:FR_type:adm2nd|display=inline,title}}
| coor_pinpoint           = 
| coordinates_footnotes   = 
| subdivision_type        = Kintra
| subdivision_name        = Fraunce
| subdivision_type1       = [[Regions o Fraunce|Region]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[Auvergne (region)|Auvergne]]
| established_title       = 
| established_date        = 
| founder                 = 
| seat_type               = [[Prefecturs in Fraunce|Prefectur]]
| seat                    = [[Aurillac]]
| parts_type              = [[Subprefecturs in Fraunce|Subprefecturs]]
| parts_style             = para
| p1                      = [[Mauriac, Cantal|Mauriac]]<br>[[Saint-Flour, Cantal|Saint-Flour]]
| government_footnotes    = 
| leader_party            = [[Union for a Popular Muivement|UMP]]
| leader_title            = [[Preses o the general cooncil|Preses o the General Cooncil]]
| leader_name             = [[Vincent Descoeur]]
| unit_pref               = Metric<!-- or US or UK -->
| area_magnitude          = 
| area_footnotes          = {{ref|area|1}}
| area_total_km2          = 5726
| area_note               = 
| elevation_footnotes     = 
| elevation_m             = 
| elevation_min_m         = 
| elevation_max_m         = 
| population_footnotes    = 
| population_total        = 150778
| population_as_of        = 1999
| population_rank         = [[Leet o French depairtments bi population|92nt]]
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_demonym      = 
| population_note         = 
| blank_name_sec1         = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment nummer]]
| blank_info_sec1         = 15
| blank_name_sec2         = [[Arrondissements o Fraunce|Arrondissements]]
| blank_info_sec2         = [[arrondissements o the Cantal depairtment|3]]
| blank1_name_sec2        = [[Cantons in Fraunce|Cantons]]
| blank1_info_sec2        = [[cantons o the Cantal depairtment|15]]
| blank2_name_sec2        = [[Communes in Fraunce|Communes]]
| blank2_info_sec2        = [[communes o the Cantal depairtment|260]]
| timezone1               = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset1             = +1
| timezone1_DST           = [[Central European Simmer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset1_DST         = +2
| postal_code_type        = 
| postal_code             = 
| area_code_type          = 
| area_code               = 
| iso_code                = 
| website                 = 
| footnotes               = {{note|area|1}} French Land Register data, which exclude [[estuary|estuaries]], an lochs, ponds, an glaciers lairger nor 1&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>
}}
'''Cantal''' ({{IPA-fr|kɑ̃.tal}}; {{lang-oc|Cantal, Cantau, Chantal, Chantau}}) is a [[depairtments o Fraunce|depairtment]] in sooth-central Fraunce.

: '''''Phone''' is a hamelt term for [[telephone]]''.

The '''GEOnet Names Server''' ('''GNS''') provides access tae the [[Naitional Geospatial-Intelligence Agency]]'s (NGA) an the [[U.S. Buird on Geografic Names]]'s (BGN) database o geografic featur names an locations for locations ootside the [[Unitit States]].

{{Royal house|
|surname       = Hoose o Windsor
|estate        = Unitit Kinrick, ither Commonweel realms
|coat of arms  = [[Image:Badge of the House of Windsor.svg|180px]]
|country ={{flagicon|Antigua and Barbuda}} [[Antigua an Barbuda]]<br />
{{flagicon|Australia}} [[Australie]]<br />
{{flagicon|Bahamas}} [[Bahamas]]<br />
{{flagicon|Barbados}} [[Barbados]]<br />
{{flagicon|Belize}} [[Belize]]<br />
{{flagicon|Canada}} [[Canadae]]<br />
{{flagicon|Grenada}} [[Grenada]]<br />
{{flagicon|Jamaica}} [[Jamaica]]<br />
{{flagicon|New Zealand}} [[New Zealand]]<br />
{{flagicon|Papua New Guinea}} [[Papua New Guinea]]<br />
{{flagicon|Saint Kitts and Nevis}} [[Saunt Kitts an Nevis]]<br />
{{flagicon|Saint Lucia}} [[Saunt Lucia]]<br />
{{flagicon|Saint Vincent and the Grenadines}} [[Saunt Vincent an the Grenadines]]<br />
{{flagicon|Solomon Islands}} [[Solomon Islands]]<br />
{{flagicon|Tuvalu}} [[Tuvalu]]<br />
{{flagicon|United Kingdom}} [[Unitit Kinrick]]
|parent house  = [[Hoose o Wettin|Wettin]] → [[Hoose o Saxe-Coburg an Gotha|Saxe-Coburg an Gotha]]
|titles        = ''[[Leet o teetles an honours o Queen Elizabeth II#Ryal teetles an styles|Various]]''
|current head   =[[Charles III]]
|founder       = [[George V]]
|founding year = 1917
}}
The '''Hoose o Windsor''' is the [[ryal hoose]] o the [[Unitit Kinrick]] an the ither [[Commonweel realm]]s.
{{authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Windsor, Hoose O}}
[[Category:Hoose o Windsor| ]]
[[Category:European ryal faimilies]]
[[Category:Monarchy]]

'''Aristotle''' (Aristoteles in [[auld griek]]) (384 BC – [[7 Mairch]] 322 BC) wis an auncient Greek [[philosophy|philosopher]], a student o [[Plato]] an a teacher o [[Alexander the Great]]. He wrat beuks on mony subjects, sic as physics. Aristotle, alang wi Plato an [[Socrates]], is aften thocht o as ane o the maist influential Greek philosophers. He turnt Greek philosophy intae the foonds o Wastren philosophy as we ken it.

|elevation m            = 36
|elevation min m        = 27
|elevation max m        = 88
|area km2               = 5.19
|population             = 439
|population date        = 2015
}}
'''Montsoreau''' ({{IPA-fr|mɔ̃soʁo}}), frae [[Laitin leid|Laitin]] ''mons sorelli'') is a commune o the [[Loire Valley]] in the [[Maine-et-Loire]] [[Depairtments o Fraunce|depairtment]]. Montsoreau is locatit in wastren [[Fraunce]] aboot 250 km (160 mi) sooth-wast o Paris.

|birth_place       = [[Los Angeles]], [[Californie]], U.S.
|death_date        = {{Death date and age|2008|5|15|1913|7|12}}
|death_place       = [[Tucson]], [[Arizona]], U.S.
|nationality       = Unitit States
|fields            = [[Physics]]
|workplaces        = [[Varsity o Arizona]]<br>[[Varsity o Oxford]]<br>[[Yale]]<br>[[Columbia Varsity|Columbia]]<br>[[Stanford]]
|alma_mater        = [[Varsity o Californie, Berkeley]]
|doctoral_advisor  = [[J. Robert Oppenheimer]] 
|academic_advisor  = 
|doctoral_students = [[Bernard T. Feld|Bernard Feld]] (1945)<br>[[Norman Myles Kroll|Norman Kroll]] (1948)<br>[[Theodore Maiman]] (1955)<br>[[Marlan Scully]] (1966)<br>[[Balázs László Győrffy]] (1966)<br>[[Frederick Hopf]]<br>[[Murray Sargent III]]<br>[[Stanley L. Kaufman]]<br>[[David Mader]]<br>[[Ralph Jacobs]]
|notable_students  = 
|known_for         = [[Lamb shift]]<br>[[laser|Laser Theory]]<br>[[Quantum Optics]]
|influences        = 
|influenced        = 
|awards            = {{nowrap|[[Nobel Prize in Physics]] (1955)  }}
}}
'''Willis Eugene Lamb Jr.''' (Julie 12, 1913 – Mey 15, 2008) wis an American [[physicist]] wha wan the [[Nobel Prize in Physics]] in 1955 "for his discoveries concernin the fine structur o the hydrogen spectrum."

{{fixscots}}

| birth_place = [[Bosco Marengo|Bosco]], [[Duchy o Milan]]
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1572|5|1|1504|1|17|df =y}}
| death_place = [[Roum]], [[Papal States]]
| previous_post = {{unbulleted list|[[Bishopric o Sutri an Nepi|Bishop o Sutri an Nepi]] (1556–1557)|[[Santa Maria sopra Minerva|Cardinal-Priest o Santa Maria sopra Minerva]] (1557–1561)|[[Santa Sabina|Cardinal-Priest o Santa Sabina]] (1561–1566)|Bishop o Mondovi (1560–1566)|Secretar o the [[Congregation for the Doctrine o the Faith|Supreme Saucrit Congregation o the Roman an Universal Inquiseetion]] (1564–1566)}}
| motto = ''Utinam dirigantur viæ meæ ad custodiendas justificationes tuas'' (O that ma weys mey be directit tae keep thy juistifications)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3evK2TwePkoC&pg=PA87&lpg=PA87&dq=Utinam+dirigantur+vi%C3%A6+me%C3%A6+ad+custodiendas+pius+v&source=bl&ots=o2g8j-CePS&sig=0p9_oE1g5ACGKTEAbADrQRnLF1c&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi-3K34tsjLAhVmt4MKHXg-AmgQ6AEINDAE#v=onepage&q=Utinam%20dirigantur%20vi%C3%A6%20me%C3%A6%20ad%20custodiendas%20pius%20v&f=false|title=Bullarium Canonicorum regularium Rhenanæ congregationis sanctissimi ... - Canonici regolari di sant'Agostino : Congregazione del santissimo Salvatore - Google Books|publisher=Google Books|accessdate=17 March 2016}}{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1_EwSwoiGNAC&pg=PA665&lpg=PA665&dq=Utinam+dirigantur+vi%C3%A6+me%C3%A6+ad+custodiendas+pius+v&source=bl&ots=J_n2kXr6ad&sig=mCicwjQtK6Wr_V33TbN0XEwoAEo&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi-3K34tsjLAhVmt4MKHXg-AmgQ6AEIKzAC#v=onepage&q=Utinam%20dirigantur%20vi%C3%A6%20me%C3%A6%20ad%20custodiendas%20pius%20v&f=false|title=R.P.D. Thomae Del Bene clerici regularis, ... De officio S. Inquisitionis ... - Google Books|publisher=Google Books|accessdate=17 March 2016}}{{cite web|url=https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=ps%20118%3A5&version=VULGATE;DRA|title=Ps 118:5 VULGATE;DRA - utinam dirigantur viae meae ad - Bible Gateway|publisher=Bible Gateway|accessdate=17 March 2016}}</ref></small>
| coat_of_arms = C o a Pius V.svg
| other = Pius
| feast_day = {{unbulleted list|30 Apryle ([[General Roman Calendar]])|5 Mey (1713–1969 Calendars)}}
| venerated = [[Catholic Kirk]]
| saint_title = 
| beatified_date = 1 May 1672
| beatified_place = 
| beatified_by = [[Pape Clement X]]
| canonized_date = 22 Mey 1712
| canonized_place = 
| canonized_by = [[Pape Clement XI]]
| attributes = {{unbulleted list|Dominican habit|Papal vestments|[[Papal tiara]]|[[Crucifix]]|[[Book]]}}
| patronage = {{unbulleted list|[[Valletta]], [[Maltae]]|Bosco Marengo, Italy|[[Pietrelcina]], Italy|[[Roccaforte Mondovi]]|[[Roman Catholic Diocese o Alessandria|Diocese o Alessandria]]}}
| shrine = 
}}
'''Saunt Pius V''', né '''Antonio Ghislieri''', fae 1518 cried '''Michele Ghislieri''' ([[17 Januar]], 1504 – [[1 Mey]], 1572) wis [[Pape]] fae 1566 tae 1572 an is a [[saunt]] o the [[Roman Catholic Kirk]]. Airlie on inrowed intae the [[Inquiseetion]], as Pape he wis a fell pursuer o heretics an [[Protestants]].

'''Ghat''' ({{lang-ar|غات}} {{transl|ar|''Ġāt''}}) is ceety an the caipital o the [[Ghat Destrict]] in remote sooth-wastren [[Libie]].

| coordinates_footnotes =
| region              = [[Veneto]]
| province            = [[province o Venice|Venice]] (VE)
| frazioni            = Chirignago, Favaro Veneto, [[Mestre]], [[Marghera]], [[Murano]], [[Burano]], [[Giudecca]], [[Lido di Venezia|Lido]], Zelarino
| mayor               = [[Luigi Brugnaro]]
| area_footnotes      =
| area_total_km2      = 414.57
| population_footnotes =
| population_total    = 270660
| population_as_of    = 2009-04-30
| pop_density_footnotes =
| population_demonym  = Venetians
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m         = 0
| twin1               =
| twin1_country       =
| saint               = [[Mark the Evangelist|St. Mark the Evangelist]]
| day                 = 25 Aprile
| postal_code         = 30100
| area_code           = 041
| website             = {{Official website|http://www.comune.venezia.it/}}
| footnotes           =
}}

'''Telly''', '''televeesion''' or '''TV''', is a [[telecommunication]] medium uised for transmittin muivin eemages in [[monochrome]] ([[black an white]]), or in colour, an in twa or [[3D televeesion|three dimensions]] an soond. The term can refer tae a telly itsel, a [[telly programme]] ("TV shaw"), or the medium o transmission for telly. The telly is a [[mass medium]] for divert, [[eddicational televeesion|eddication]], [[news]], politics, clavers an advertisin.

instead -->
| type                    = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment]]
| image_skyline           = FR-15-Aurillac21.JPG
| image_alt               = 
| image_caption           = [[Prefecturs in Fraunce|Prefectur]] biggin o the Cantal depairtment, in Aurillac
| image_flag              = Drapeau fr département Cantal.svg
| flag_alt                = 
| image_shield            = Blason département fr Cantal.svg
| shield_alt              = 
| nickname                = 
| motto                   = 
| image_map               = Cantal-Position.svg
| map_alt                 = 
| map_caption             = Location o Cantal in Fraunce
| pushpin_map             = 
| pushpin_label_position  = 
| pushpin_map_alt         = 
| pushpin_map_caption     = 
| coordinates             = {{coord|45|2|N|3|6|E|region:FR_type:adm2nd|display=inline,title}}
| coor_pinpoint           = 
| coordinates_footnotes   = 
| subdivision_type        = Kintra
| subdivision_name        = Fraunce
| subdivision_type1       = [[Regions o Fraunce|Region]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[Auvergne (region)|Auvergne]]
| established_title       = 
| established_date        = 
| founder                 = 
| seat_type               = [[Prefecturs in Fraunce|Prefectur]]
| seat                    = [[Aurillac]]
| parts_type              = [[Subprefecturs in Fraunce|Subprefecturs]]
| parts_style             = para
| p1                      = [[Mauriac, Cantal|Mauriac]]<br>[[Saint-Flour, Cantal|Saint-Flour]]
| government_footnotes    = 
| leader_party            = [[Union for a Popular Muivement|UMP]]
| leader_title            = [[Preses o the general cooncil|Preses o the General Cooncil]]
| leader_name             = [[Vincent Descoeur]]
| unit_pref               = Metric<!-- or US or UK -->
| area_magnitude          = 
| area_footnotes          = {{ref|area|1}}
| area_total_km2          = 5726
| area_note               = 
| elevation_footnotes     = 
| elevation_m             = 
| elevation_min_m         = 
| elevation_max_m         = 
| population_footnotes    = 
| population_total        = 150778
| population_as_of        = 1999
| population_rank         = [[Leet o French depairtments bi population|92nt]]
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_demonym      = 
| population_note         = 
| blank_name_sec1         = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment nummer]]
| blank_info_sec1         = 15
| blank_name_sec2         = [[Arrondissements o Fraunce|Arrondissements]]
| blank_info_sec2         = [[arrondissements o the Cantal depairtment|3]]
| blank1_name_sec2        = [[Cantons in Fraunce|Cantons]]
| blank1_info_sec2        = [[cantons o the Cantal depairtment|15]]
| blank2_name_sec2        = [[Communes in Fraunce|Communes]]
| blank2_info_sec2        = [[communes o the Cantal depairtment|260]]
| timezone1               = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset1             = +1
| timezone1_DST           = [[Central European Simmer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset1_DST         = +2
| postal_code_type        = 
| postal_code             = 
| area_code_type          = 
| area_code               = 
| iso_code                = 
| website                 = 
| footnotes               = {{note|area|1}} French Land Register data, which exclude [[estuary|estuaries]], an lochs, ponds, an glaciers lairger nor 1&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>
}}
'''Cantal''' ({{IPA-fr|kɑ̃.tal}}; {{lang-oc|Cantal, Cantau, Chantal, Chantau}}) is a [[depairtments o Fraunce|depairtment]] in sooth-central Fraunce.

| birth_place   = [[Keeng's College Hospital]], [[Lunnon]], [[Ingland]]
| religion      = [[Kirk o Ingland]]
}}
'''Queen Camilla o the Unitit Kinrick''' {{post-nominals|post-noms=[[Dame Grand Cross o the Ryal Victorian Order|GCVO]] [[Papua New Guinea honours seestem#Order o the Starn o Melanesie|CSM]]}} (Camilla Rosemary; ''née'' '''Shand''', previously '''Parker Bowles'''; born 17 Julie 1947),<ref name="Profile: Camilla Parker Bowles">{{cite web |url=http://www.biography.com/articles/Camilla-Parker-Bowles-9542218 |title=Camilla Parker Bowles Biography |publisher=Biography.com |date=17 July 1947 |accessdate=27 June 2010 |archive-date=2011-06-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110610124700/http://www.biography.com/articles/Camilla-Parker-Bowles-9542218 |url-status=dead }}</ref> is the seicont wife (an Consort) o King [[Charles III]], the eldest child an successor tae the late [[Elizabeth II|Queen Elizabeth II]].

| coordinates_footnotes = 
| region              = [[Piemont]]
| province            = [[Province o Turin|Turin]] (TO)
| frazioni            = 
| mayor_party         = 
| mayor               = Giuseppe Boggia
| area_footnotes      = 
| area_total_km2      = 16.7
| population_footnotes = 
| population_total    = 3743
| population_as_of    = Dec. 2004
| pop_density_footnotes = 
| population_demonym  = 
| elevation_footnotes = 
| elevation_m         = 584
| twin1               = 
| twin1_country       = 
| saint               = 
| day                 = 
| postal_code         = 10084
| area_code           = 0124
| website             = 
| footnotes           = 
}}
'''Forno Canavese''' is a ''[[comune]]'' (municipality) in the [[Province o Turin]] in the [[Italy|Italian]] region [[Piemont]], locatit aboot {{convert|35|km|mi}} northwast o [[Turin]]. As o 31 Dizember 2004, it haed a population o 3,743 an a aurie o {{convert|16.7|km2|mi2}}.<ref name="istat">All demographics and other statistics: Italian statistical institute [[Naitional Institute o Statistics (Italy)|Istat]].</ref>

staunds in the [[Garden of the Gods]] pairk in [[Colorado Springs]]]]
In [[geology]], a '''rock''' is a naiturally occurrin solit [[aggregate (composite)|aggregate]] o ane or mair [[meeneral]]s or [[meeneraloid]]s. For ensaumple, [[granite]], a common rock, is a combination of the meenerals [[quartz]], [[feldspar]] an [[biotite]]. The Yird's ooter solit layer, the [[lithosphere]], is made o rock.

, fair on {{mset|100}}, puir on {{mset|110}}
| fracture = Conchoidal
| tenacity = brittle
| mohs = 3.5 tae 4
| twinning = Rare, twin planes {{mset|{{overline|1}}01}}, {{mset|{{overline|1}}02}} or {{mset|001}}
| luster = Vitreous
| opticalprop = Biaxial (+)
| refractive = n<sub>α</sub> = 1.730 n<sub>β</sub> = 1.758 n<sub>γ</sub> = 1.838
| birefringence = δ = 0.108
| dispersion = relatively waik
| pleochroism = Veesible shades o blue
| 2V = Measured: 68°, calculated: 64°
| streak = Light blue
| gravity = 3.773 (meisurt), 3.78 (calculatit)
| melt =
| fusibility =
| diagnostic =
| solubility =
| diaphaneity = Transparent tae translucent
| references = <ref name=Handbook>[http://rruff.geo.arizona.edu/doclib/hom/azurite.pdf Handbook of Mineralogy]</ref><ref name=Mindat>[http://www.mindat.org/min-447.html Mindat.org]</ref><ref name=Webmin>[http://webmineral.com/data/Azurite.shtml Webmineral.com Webmineral Data]</ref>
}}
'''Azurite''' is a saft, deep blue [[capper]] [[mineral]] produced bi wathering o capper ure deposits.

[[Image:Mars symbol.svg|thumb|The symbol o the Roman god [[Maurs (meethology)|Maurs]] (god o war) is eften uised tae represent the male sex. It an aa staunds for the planet [[Maurs]] an is the [[alchemical seembol]] for [[airn]].]]
A '''male''' (♂) [[organism]] is the [[physiological|physiology]] [[sex]] that produces [[sperm]]. Ilka [[spermatozoon]] can fuse wi a lairger [[female]] gamete, or [[ovum]], in the process o [[fertilisation]].

| rr              = Seongnae-dong
| mr              = Seongnae-tong
| area_km2        = 1.96
| pop             = 73173
| popnote         = <ref name="encyber" />
| popyear         = 2001
| popden_km2      = 37333
| popdennote      = 
| divs            = 
| map             = 
|mapcaption       = 
}}

{{fixscots}}
|location_map_size=270px|location_map_caption=Location of Oldbury Nuclear Power Station in South Gloucestershire|country=Ingland, Unitit Kinrick|location=Sooth [[Gloucestershire]]|status=Closed|commissioned=1967|decommissioned=2012|owner=[[Nuclear Decommissioning Authority]]|operator=[[Magnox Ltd]]|ps_units_manu_model=[[Associated Electrical Industries]]<br>[[C. A. Parsons and Company]]|ps_units_decommissioned=2 X 217&nbsp;MW|ps_electrical_capacity=434 MW<br>626 MW (Planned)}}

|Lageplan          = Langballig in SL.PNG
|Bundesland        = Schleswig-Holstein
|Kreis             = Schleswig-Flensburg
|Amt               = Langballig
|Höhe              = 30
|Fläche            = 15.42
|Einwohner         = 1462
|Stand             = 2006-12-31
|PLZ               = 24977
|Vorwahl           = 04636
|Kfz               = SL
|Gemeindeschlüssel = 01 0 59 137
|NUTS              = DEF0C
|Adresse-Verband   = Süderende 1<br />24977 Langballig
|Website           = [http://www.langballig.de/ www.langballig.de]
|Bürgermeister     = Peter Dietrich Henningsen
|Partei            =
}}

A '''yerbaceous plant''' is a [[plant]] that haes [[leaf]]s an [[Plant stem|stems]] that die doun at the end o the [[growin saison]] tae the sile level.

|Lageplan          = Gross Rheide in SL.PNG
|Bundesland        = Schleswig-Holstein
|Kreis             = Schleswig-Flensburg
|Amt               = Kropp-Stapelholm
|Höhe              = 13
|Fläche            = 15.37
|Einwohner         = 1030
|Stand             = 2006-12-31
|PLZ               = 24872
|Vorwahl           = 04624
|Kfz               = SL
|Gemeindeschlüssel = 01 0 59 035
|NUTS              = DEF0C
|LOCODE            = DE GRX
|Adresse-Verband   = Am Markt 10<br />24848 Kropp
|Website           = [http://www.kropp.de/ www.kropp.de]
|Bürgermeister     = Werner Koch
|Partei            =
}}

The Bishop o Rome, whiles cried the '''Pape''', is the heid o the [[Roman Catholic Kirk]] an sovereign o [[Vatican Ceety]]. The Bishop is waled by Cairdinals in whit is kent as a [[Papal Conclave]]. The current Bishop is His Haliness [[Pape Frauncis]], wha succeedit [[Pape Benedict XVI]] efter his reteirement in Februar, 2013. The line o Bishop can be traced richt back tae the verra first Pape, [[St. Peter]], wha wis appyntit bi [[Jesus Christ]].
{{authority control}}
[[Category:Papes| ]]
[[Category:Ecclesiastical teetles]]
[[Category:Episcopacy in Roman Catholicism]]
[[Category:Haly See| ]]
[[Category:Releegious leadership roles]]

{{taxobox
| image              = Sweet_Rockets.png
| image_caption      = 
| regnum             = [[Plantae]]
| unranked_divisio   = [[Angiosperms]]
| unranked_classis   = [[Eudicots]]
| unranked_ordo      = [[Rosids]]
| ordo               = [[Brassicales]]
| familia            = [[Brassicaceae]]
| genus              = ''[[Hesperis]]''
| species            = '''''H. matronalis'''''
| binomial           = ''Hesperis matronalis''
| binomial_authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]
}}
'''''Hesperis matronalis''''' is an yerbaceous plant species in the [[Mustard plant|mustard]] faimily, [[Brassicaceae]].

'''Snap-dragon''' wis an [[Inglis]] spence gemm weel-likit fae aboot the saxteent tae nineteent centuries. Hit wis spieled in throu the wunter, in parteecular on [[Christenmas]] Eve (altho in soum variants o hit wis spielt at [[Hallae e'en]] insteid). Brandy wis het an stanced in a braid shauld bowl; raisins wis stanced in the [[brandy]] whilk wis syne set ableeze. For ordinar, lichts wis Oot quentit or blee'd tae eik tae the oorie effeck o the blue lowes birlin athort the strunt. The ettle o the gemme wis tae pouk the raisins oot o the brunin brandy an eat thaim, at the chynce o bein scaudert.

The '''East–Wast Schism''' is the break o [[communion (Christian)|communion]] atween whit is nou the [[Eastren Orthodox Kirk|Eastren Orthodox]] an [[Catholic Kirk|Roman Catholic]] Kirks which began in the 11t century.<ref>{{Citation | type = article | contribution = Great Schism | title = Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church | publisher = Oxford University Press | year = 2005 | isbn = 978-0-19-280290-3}}.</ref>

{{fixscots|date=September 2020}}
 is ane insaumple teep o radioactive decay, in whilk an atomic nucleus ootpits an [[alpha particle]], an tharebi transforms (or 'decays') intae an atom wi a [[mass nummer]] decreased bi 4 an [[atomic nummer]] decreased bi 2. Mony ither teeps o decays is possible.]]
'''Radioactive decay''', cried '''nuclear decay''' or '''radioactivity''' an aa, is the process bi whilk a [[atomic nucleus|nucleus]] o an unstable [[atom]] loses virr bi ootpittin pairticles o [[ionisin radiation]]. A material that spontaneously ootpits this kin o radiation—whilk includes the emission o energetic [[alpha pairticle]]s, [[beta pairticle]]s, an [[gamma ray]]s—is conseidered '''radioactive'''.  Certaint heichly excited short-lived nuclear states can decay throu [[neutron emission]], or mair rarely, [[proton emission]].

|elevation              =
|elevation_ft           =
|postal_code_type       =
|postal_code            = 3000
}}

A '''writin seestem''' is ony conventional method o veesually representin verbal [[communication]].  Whilk baith writin an [[spoken leid|speech]] are uisefu in conveyin [[message]]s, writin differs in an aa bein a reliable form o [[information]] [[recordin|storage]] an [[information transfer|transfer]].<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.omniglot.com/writing/definition.htm | title=Definitions of writing systems | publisher=www.omniglot.com | work=Omniglot: The Online Encyclopedia of Writing Systems and Languages | accessdate=2013-06-29}}</ref>

| archipelago      = Auckland Islands
| total islands    = 7
| major islands    = [[Auckland Island]], [[Adams Island (New Zealand)|Adams Island]], [[Enderby Island (New Zealand)|Enderby Island]], [[Disappointment Island]], [[Ewing Island, New Zealand|Ewing Island]], Dundas Island, Green Island
| area_km2         =
| highest mount    = Moont Dick
| elevation_m      = 660
| country          = {{flagu|New Zealand}}
| country admin divisions title = Aurie Ootside Territorial Authority
| country admin divisions = New Zealand Subantarctic Islands
| population       = 0 (2015)
}}
The '''Auckland Islands''' ([[Māori leid|Māori]]: ''Motu Maha'' or ''Maungahuka'')<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.doc.govt.nz/upload/documents/about-doc/role/policies-and-plans/subantarctic-islands-cms/subantarctic-cms-1.3-introduction.pdf |title=1.3 Kaupapa Atawhai |work=Conservation Management Strategy Subantarctic Islands 1998-2008 |publisher=Department of Conservation |accessdate=11 November 2011 }}{{Dead link|date=January 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> are an airchipelago o [[New Zealand]], lyin {{convert|465|km|-1}} sooth o the [[Sooth Island]].

{{italic title}}
{{taxobox
| name = 
| image = Conium.jpg
| image_caption = ''Conium maculatum'' in [[Californie]]
| regnum = [[Plantae]]
| unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
| unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
| unranked_ordo = [[Asterids]]
| ordo = [[Apiales]]
| familia = [[Apiaceae]]
| subfamilia = [[Apioideae]]
| genus = ''[[Conium]]''
| species  = '''''C. maculatum'''''
| binomial = ''Conium maculatum''
| binomial_authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]], 1753
|synonyms_ref=<ref name=PlantList>{{cite web | editors = Allkin, R.; Magill, R.; et al. | date = 2013 | title = ''Conium maculatum'' | work = The Plant List | version = vs. 1.1 | format = online database | via = theplantlist.org | location = St. Louis, MO | publisher = Missouri Botanical Garden | url = http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2734165 | access-date = January 23, 2017 | archive-date = 2020-09-19 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200919134743/http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2734165 | url-status = dead }}</ref>
|synonyms={{collapsible list|bullets = true
|''Cicuta major'' <small>Lam.</small>
|''Cicuta officinalis'' <small>Crantz</small>
|''Conium ceretanum'' <small>Sennen</small> 
|''Conium cicuta'' <small>(Crantz) Neck.</small>
|''Conium croaticum'' <small>Waldst. & Kit. ex Willd.</small>
|''Conium divaricatum'' <small>Boiss. & Orph.</small>
|''Conium leiocarpum'' <small>(Boiss.) Stapf</small>
|''Conium maculosum'' <small>Pall.</small>
|''Conium nodosum'' <small>Fisch. ex Steud.</small>
|''Conium pyrenaicum'' <small>Sennen & Elias</small> 
|''Conium sibiricum'' <small>Steud.</small>
|''Conium strictum'' <small>Tratt.</small>
|''Conium tenuifolium'' <small>Mill.</small>
|''Coriandrum cicuta'' <small>Crantz</small>
|''Coriandrum maculatum'' <small>(L.) Roth</small>
|''Selinum conium'' <small>(Vest) E.L. Krause</small> 
|''Sium conium'' <small>Vest</small>
}}}}
'''''Conium maculatum''''' ('''humlock''', '''hairy humlock''', '''hairy humlo''' or '''hech-howe''') is a heichly [[pushionous]] [[Biennial plant|biennial]] [[Yerbaceous plant|yerbaceous]] [[flouerin plant]] in the carrot faimily [[Apiaceae]], hamelt tae Europe an [[North Africae]].

{{fixscots|date=Mairch 2021}}

{{chembox
<!-- please see [[Polytetrafluoroethylene (data page)]] for the full transcluded template. -->
| Verifiedfields = changed
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 477171888
| ImageFile = Polytetrafluoroethylene.svg
| ImageSize = 130px
| ImageFile1 = Perfluorodecyl-chain-from-xtal-Mercury-3D-balls.png
| ImageSize1 = 250px
| IUPACName = poly(1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethylene)<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=53251 | title=poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (CHEBI:53251) | accessdate=July 12, 2012|work=ebi.ac.uk}}</ref>
| SystematicName =
| OtherNames = Syncolon, Fluon, Poly(tetrafluoroethene), Poly(difluoromethylene), Poly(tetrafluoroethylene)
|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
| Abbreviations = PTFE
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|changed|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = none
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|changed|EBI}}
| ChEBI = 53251
| PubChem =
| CASNo = 9002-84-0
| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|changed|kegg}}=
| KEGG = D08974}}
|Section2={{Chembox Properties
| Formula = (C<sub>2</sub>F<sub>4</sub>)<sub>n</sub>
| Density = 2200 kg/m<sup>3</sup>
| MeltingPt = 600&nbsp;[[Kelvin|K]]<br>327&nbsp;°[[Celsius|C]]
| ThermalConductivity = 0.25&nbsp;W/(m·K)
}}
|Section7={{Chembox Hazards
| NFPA-H = 1
| NFPA-F = 0
| NFPA-R = 0
}}
}}
'''Polytetrafluoroethylene''' ('''PTFE''') is a synthetic [[fluoropolymer]] o [[tetrafluoroethylene]] that haes numerous applications. The best kent brand name o PTFE-based formulas is '''Teflon''' bi [[Chemours]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web
| url = https://www.chemours.com/Teflon/en_US/
| title = Teflon ™{{!}} Chemours Teflon™ Nonstick Coatings and Additives
| website = www.chemours.com
| access-date = 2016-03-01
| archive-date = 2016-03-04
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160304202634/https://www.chemours.com/Teflon/en_US/
| url-status = dead
}}</ref>

'''Experience''' is the [[knawledge]] or maistery o an event or subject gained throu involvement in or exposur tae it.<ref>
Compare various contemporary defineetions gien in the [[Oxford English Dictionary|OED]] (2nt edeetion, 1989): "[...] 3. The actual [[observation]] of facts or events, considered as a source of knowledge.[...]  4. a. The fact of being consciously the subject of a state or condition, or of being consciously affected by an event. [...]  b. In religious use: A state of mind or feeling forming part of the inner religious life; the mental history (of a person) with regard to religious emotion. [...]  6. What has been experienced; the events that have taken place within the knowledge of an individual, a community, mankind at large, either during a particular period or generally. [...]  7. a. Knowledge resulting from actual observation or from what one has undergone. [...] 8. The state of having been occupied in any department of study or practice, in affairs generally, or in the intercourse of life; the extent to which, or the length of time during which, one has been so occupied; the aptitudes, skill, judgement, etc. thereby acquired."
</ref>

| commenced        = {{Start date|1950|12|7|df=yes}}
| ceased           = <!-- {{End date|YYYY|MM|DD}} -->
| aoc              = <!-- XNXN --> <!-- Alpha numeric pattern varies -->
| bases            = 
| hubs             = {{ubl|[[Aeroparque Jorge Newbery]]}}
| secondary_hubs   = {{ubl|[[Ministro Pistarini International Airport]]}}
| focus_cities     = {{ubl|[[Ingeniero Ambrosio L.V. Taravella International Airport]]}}
| frequent_flyer   = Aerolíneas Plus
| lounge           = Salón Cóndor<ref name="Aerolineas Argentinas begins flights to the new terminal at Ezeiza"/>
| alliance         = [[SkyTeam]]
| subsidiaries     = {{plainlist|
*Aerohandling
*Aerolíneas Argentinas Cargo
*[[Austral Líneas Aéreas]]
*JetPaq S.A.
*Optar S.A.
}}
| fleet_size       = 47
| destinations     = 56
| company_slogan   = Alta en el cielo<br/>{{nowrap|({{lang-en|Up high in the sky}})}}
| parent           = [[Argentine Govrenment]] (100%)
| headquarters     = [[Buenos Aires]], [[Argentinae]]
| key_people       = {{plainlist|
*Mariano Recalde (<small>[[Preses]] an [[General Manager]]</small>)
*Fabian Lombardo <small>([[Chief commercial officer|CCO]])</small>
}}
| revenue          = {{increase}} {{US$|1.918|link=yes}}&nbsp;billion <small>(FY 2013) (incl. all subsidiaries)</small><ref name=bherald>{{cite web|url=http://www.buenosairesherald.com/article/149894/aerol%C3%ADneas-halves-deficit-to-us$2471-million|title=Aerolíneas halves deficit to US$247.1 million|work=Buenos Aires Herald|date=17 January 2014|access-date=2014-06-28|archive-date=2014-07-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714153346/http://www.buenosairesherald.com/article/149894/aerol%C3%ADneas-halves-deficit-to-us$2471-million|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| operating_income = <!-- {{Increase/decrease/steady compared to previous year}} [[United States Dollar|US$]]XXX million <small>(''FY YYYY'')</small> -->
| net_income       = {{increase}} –{{US$|247}}&nbsp;million <small>(FY 2013) (incl. all subsidiaries)</small><ref name=bherald/>
| assets           = {{increase}} {{US$|1.627|link=yes}}&nbsp;billion <small>(FY 2012) (incl. all subsidiaries)</small><ref name=informe>{{cite web|url= http://www.aerolineas.com.ar/arg/files/popupsPDF/informe.pdf|title= Informe de gestión y Plan de Negocios|publisher= Aerolíneas Argentinas|language= Spanish|trans_title= Management Report and Business Plan|archiveurl= https://www.webcitation.org/6K17XYTvn?url=http://www.aerolineas.com.ar/arg/files/popupsPDF/informe.pdf|archivedate= 2013-09-30|access-date= 2014-06-28|url-status= live}}</ref>
| equity           = <!-- {{Increase/decrease/steady compared to previous year}} US$XXX million <small>(''FY YYYY'')</small> -->
| num_employees    = 11,515
| website          = {{URL|www.aerolineas.com}}
}}
'''Aerolíneas Argentinas''' ({{lang-en|'''[[Argentine]] Airlines'''}}), formally ''Aerolíneas Argentinas S.A.'',<ref name="Terms&Conditions"/> is Argentinae's [[banner carrier]] an lairgest [[airline]]. The airline wis creatit in 1949 frae the merger o fower companies, an stairtit operations in {{start date|df=yes|1950|12}}. A consortium led bi [[Iberia (airline)|Iberia]] teuk control o the airline in 1990, an [[Grupo Marsans]] acquired the company an its subsidiars in 2001, follaein a period o severe financial difficulties that put the airline on the brink o closur. The company haes been run bi the [[Argentine govrenment]] syne late 2008, when the kintra regained control o the airline efter it wis taken ower frae the Spainyie awners. {{As of|2013|10}}, Aerolíneas Argentinas is state-awned an serves as the kintra's banner carrier. It haes its heidquairters in [[Buenos Aires]].

A '''poleetical pairty''' is an organization o fowk that seeks for ti acquire an exercise poleetical pouer, in ordinar for ti provide some perceived guid for society. Aftentimes members hae mony common goals, houaniver this isna aye the case. Some pairties are formit wi only a single issue in mynd, ithers hae policies on a wide reenge o issues, formin a [[poleetical ideologie]].

{{fixscots}}
{{italic title}}
{{Taxobox
| name = ''Sorbus''
| image = Sorbus aucuparia aka rowan.jpg
| image_caption = European Rowan (''[[Sorbus aucuparia]]'') wi fruit
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
| unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
| unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
| unranked_ordo = [[Rosids]]
| ordo = [[Rosales]]
| familia = [[Rosaceae]]
| subfamilia = [[Amygdaloideae]]<ref name=Potter>{{cite journal |author=D. Potter, T. Eriksson, R. C. Evans, S. Oh, J. E. E. Smedmark, D. R. Morgan, M. Kerr, K. R. Robertson, M. Arsenault, T. A. Dickinson & C. S. Campbell |year=2007 |title=Phylogeny and classification of Rosaceae |journal=[[Plant Systematics and Evolution]] |volume=266 |issue=1–2 |pages=5–43 |url=http://biology.umaine.edu/Amelanchier/Rosaceae_2007.pdf |format=[[Portable Document Format|PDF]] |doi=10.1007/s00606-007-0539-9 }} Note that this publication pre-dates the 2011 International Botanical Congress which mandates that the combined subfamily referred to in the paper as Spiraeoideae [http://www.iapt-taxon.org/nomen/main.php?page=art19#Ex.5 must be called Amygdaloideae] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304043344/http://www.iapt-taxon.org/nomen/main.php?page=art19#Ex.5 |date=2016-03-04 }}.</ref>
| tribus = [[Maleae]]
| subtribus = [[Malinae]]
| genus = '''''Sorbus'''''
| genus_authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]
| subdivision_ranks = Subgenera
| subdivision = *''Sorbus''
*[[Whitebeam|''Aria'']]
*[[Sorbus alnifolia|''Micromeles'']]
*[[Sorbus domestica|''Cormus'']]
*[[Sorbus torminalis|''Torminaria'']]
*[[Sorbus chamaemespilus|''Chamaemespilus'']]
}}
'''''Sorbus''''' is a [[genus]] o aboot 100–200 species o [[tree]]s an [[shrub]]s in the rose [[faimily (biology)|faimily]] [[Rosaceae]].

{{coord|-16.712|-64.666|format=dms|region:BO|display=title}}

{{For|Tawse as a branch o [[Clan Farquharson]]|Sept (social)}}
. An exhibit in the [[Abbot Hoose, Dunfermline]]. The pentin is 'The Dominie Functions' (1826) bi [[George Harvey (painter)|George Harvey]] (1806-1876)]]
The '''tawse'''{{efn|Lang syne spelt '''taws''' whiles, the plural o Scots '''taw''' (thong o a whip)}} (kent as the '''[[Lochgelly]] tawse'''<ref>Phrase "Lochgelly tawse" uised:
*{{cite book |last1=Gray |first1=Alasdair |title=Old Men in Love: John Tunnock's Posthumous Papers: Introduced by Lady Sara Sim-Jaegar |date=2007 |publisher=Bloomsbury |isbn=978-0-7475-9353-9 |page=123 |url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=AZJlAAAAMAAJ |language=en}}
*{{cite book |last1=Clark |first1=Peter |title=The Lefties' Guide to Britain: From the Peasants' Revolt to the Granita Restaurant |date=2005 |publisher=Politico's |isbn=978-1-84275-144-2 |page=350 |url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=PuGfAAAAMAAJ |language=en}}
*{{cite book |last1=MacLeod |first1=Ken |title=The Execution Channel: Novel |date=2012 |publisher=Little, Brown Book Group |isbn=978-1-4055-1940-3 |page=44 |url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=61NxrlcIo7gC&pg=PT44 |language=en}}</ref> an aw, efter the Scots toun in whilk maist were craftit) wis an implement uised for [[corporal punishment]]. It wis maistlins uist in Scots [[schuil|schuils]] til the 1980s, whan it wis bannit acause o a judgment bi the European Court o Human Richt. The tawse wis o a strip o lether, wi yin end split intae several tails. The thickness o the lether an tails differed. 

The '''Iberie Peninsula''' ([[Asturian leid|Asturian]], [[Galician leid|Galician]], [[Leonese leid|Leonese]], [[Mirandese leid|Mirandese]], [[Portuguese leid|Portuguese]], an {{lang-es|Península Ibérica}}, {{lang-ca|Península Ibèrica}}, [[Aragonese leid|Aragonese]] an {{lang-oc|Peninsula Iberica}}, {{lang-fr|Péninsule Ibérique}}, {{lang-eu|Iberiar Penintsula}}), commonly cried '''Iberie''', is a [[peninsula]] locatit in the extreme sooth-wast o [[Europe]] an includes the modren-day [[sovereign state]]s o [[Spain]], [[Portugal]], [[Andorra]], an pairt o [[Fraunce]], as well as the [[Breetish Owerseas Territory]] o [[Gibraltar]].

|death_place= [[Roum]], [[Byzantine Empire]]
}}

{{Year dab|1911}}
{{Year nav|1911}}
Year '''1911''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MCMXI]]''') wis a [[common year stairtin on Sunday]] (airtin will display the full calendar) o the [[Gregorian calendar]] an a [[common year stairtin on Setturday]] o the 13-day-slower [[Julian calendar]].

{{Translation}}<br />
{{shortcut|[[WP:5P]]}}
Aw o [[Wikipedia]]'s [[Wikipedia:Policies and guidelines|offeecial policies an guidelines]] can be reduced tae thir '''''five pillars''''' that define Wikipedia's chairacter:
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{| style="background-color:transparent"
|-
| || '''Wikipedia is an [[encyclopedia]]''' incorporating elements o general encyclopedias, specialised encyclopedias, an almanacs. Aw articles maun follae oor [[Wikipedia:No oreeginal resairch|nae oreeginal resairch]] policy an strive fur [[Wikipedia:Verifiability|accuracy]]; Wikipedia isnae the place tae spurt personal blether, experiences, or argie-bargie. Forbye, [[Wikipedia:What Wikipedia is not|Wikipedia isnae]] an indiscriminate collection o information. Wikipedia isnae a [[Wikipedia:Trivia|trivia]] collection, a [[soapbox]], a [[Wikipedia:Vanity page|vanity]] furthsetter, an experiment in [[anarchy]] or [[democracy]], or a wab [[directory]]. Nor is Wikipedia a dictionar, a newspaper, or a collection o [[Wikipedia:Don't include copies of primary sources|soorce documents]]; thon kinds o content suid be contreibutit tae the sister projects, [[Wiktionary:Main page|Wiktionary]], [[Wikinews:Main Page|Wikinews]], an [[Wikisource:Main page|Wikisource]], respectively.
|-
|&nbsp;
|-
| || '''[[Wikipedia:Neutral point of view|Wikipedia haes a neutral pynt o view]]''', which means we aim fur articles that advocate nae single pynt o view.  While this requires representin multiple pynts o view; presentin each pynt o view accurately; providin context for ony gien pynt o view, sae that readers understand whose view the pynt represents; an presenting no ane pynt o view as "the truth" or "the best view". It means citing [[Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiable]], authoritative [[Wikipedia:Cite sources|soorces]] whaniver possible, espeicially on [[Wikipedia:Guidelines for controversial articles|controversial topics]]. Whan a conflict arises as tae whilk version is the maist neutral, declare a cuil-doun period an tag the airticle as disputed; hammer oot details on the [[Wikipedia:Collogue page|collogue page]] an follae [[Wikipedia:Dispute resolution|dispute resolution]]. 
|-
|&nbsp;
|-
| ||'''[[Wikipedia:Copyrights|Wikipedia is free content]]''' that onybody mey edit.  Aw text is available unner the [[GNU Free Documentation License|GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL)]] an mey be distributed or airtint accordingly. Recognise that [[Wikipedia:Ownership of articles|airticles can be changed bi anyone]] an nae individual controls ony specific article; therefore, ony writing ye contreebute can be mercilessly edited an redistributed at will bi the community. Dinnae submit [[Wikipedia:Copyrights|copyright]] infringements or wirks licensed in a wey incompatible wi the [[GNU Free Documentation License|GFDL]].
|-
|&nbsp;
|-
|  ||'''[[Wikipedia:Etiquette|Wikipedia haes a code o conduct]]''': Respect your fellae Wikipedians e'en whan ye mey nae agree wi them. Be [[Wikipedia:Civility|civil]]. Jouk makin [[Wikipedia:No personal attacks|personal attecks]] or sweepin generalisations. [[Wikipedia:Stay cool|Stay cuil]] whan the editing gets het; jouk [[Wikipedia:Edit war|edit wars]] bi follaein the [[Wikipedia:Three-revert rule|three-revert rule]]; remember that there ur {{NUMBEROFARTICLES}} articles on the Scots Wikipedia tae work on an discuss. Act in good faith, [[Wikipedia:Do not disrupt Wikipedia to illustrate a point|dinna disrupt Wikipedia tae illustrate a pynt]], an [[Wikipedia:Assume good faith|assume guid feth]] on the pairt o ithers. Be appen an walcomin.
|-
|&nbsp;
|-
| || '''[[Wikipedia:Ignore all rules|Wikipedia disnae hae firm rules]]''' asides the five general principles elucidated here. [[Wikipedia:Be bold|Be '''bold''' in editing, muivin, an modifying airticles]], acause the joy o editing is that awtho it suid be aimed fur, [[Wikipedia:Editing policy|perfection isnae required]]. An dinnae fash aboot messin up an thatat. Aw prior versions o airticles are kept, sae there is nae wey that ye can accidentally damage Wikipedia or irretrievably destroy content. But caw canny — white'er ye scrieve here will be preserved for posterity.
|}

</ref>
| luster        = [[Vitreous lustre|Vitreous]]
| polish        =
| texture       = [[Smuith; glessy]]
| refractive    =
| opticalprop   = [[Leamin]]
| birefringence =
| dispersion    =
| pleochroism   =
| fluorescence  =
| absorption    =
| streak        =
| gravity       = ~2.4<ref>{{cite book|author=Geological Survey (U.S.)|title=Geological Survey (U.S.)|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=hQglAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA185|year=1981|publisher=The Survey|pages=185–}}</ref>
| density       =
| melt          =
| fusibility    =
| diagnostic    =
| solubility    =
| diaphaneity   =
| other         =
| references =<ref>[http://www.mindat.org/min-8519.html Obsidian]. Mindat.org</ref>
}}
'''Obsidian''' is a naiturally occurrin [[volcanic gless]] furmed as an [[extrusive]] [[igneous rock]].

{{italic title}}
{{taxobox
|image =  Hibiscus flower TZ.jpg
|image_caption = ''[[Hibiscus rosa-sinensis]]''
|regnum = [[Plant]]ae
|divisio = [[Flouerin plant|Angiosperms]]
|classis = [[Eudicots]]
|ordo = [[Rosids]]
|ordo = [[Malvales]]
|familia = [[Malvaceae]]
|subfamilia = [[Malvoideae]]
|tribus=[[Hibisceae]]
|genus = '''''Hibiscus'''''
|genus_authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]
|synonyms = ''Bombycidendron'' <small>Zoll. & Moritzi</small><br/>
''Bombycodendron'' <small>Hassk.</small><br/>
''Brockmania'' <small>W.Fitzg.</small><br/>
''Pariti'' <small>Adans.</small><br/>
''Wilhelminia'' <small>Hochr.</small><ref name="GRIN">{{cite web |url=http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/genus.pl?5665 |title=Genus: ''Hibiscus'' L |work=Germplasm Resources Information Network |publisher=United States Department of Agriculture |date=2007-10-05 |accessdate=2010-02-16 |archive-date=2010-05-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100528145907/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/genus.pl?5665 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|subdivision_ranks = [[Species]]
|subdivision = [[#Species|232 species]]
|}}

</ref>
|population_note    = 
|population_total   = 117,225
|population_density_km2 = auto
|timezone           = [[Eastren European Time|EET]]
|utc_offset         = +2
|timezone_DST       = [[Eastren European Simmer Time|EEST]]
|utc_offset_DST     = +3
|coordinates        = {{coord|54|30|33|N|30|25|33|E|region:BY|display=inline,title}}
|elevation_m        = 192
|postal_code_type   = Postal code
|postal_code        = 211030, 211381 - 211394, 211396 - 211398
|area_code          = +375 216
|blank_name         = License plate 
|blank_info         = 2
|website            = [http://www.orshacity.vitebsk-region.gov.by/ Offeecial wabsteid]
|footnotes          = 
}}
'''Orša''' ({{lang-be|О́рша|italic=yes}}, ''Ворша''; {{lang-ru|О́рша}} {{IPA-ru|ˈorʂə}}) is a ceety in [[Belaroushie]] in [[Vitebsk Region]] on the fork o the [[Dnieper River|Dnieper]] an [[Arshytsa]] rivers.

{{automatic taxobox
|name=Life ([[Biota (taxonomy)|Biota]])
|image=Ruwenpflanzen.jpg
|image_upright=1.2
|image_caption=Plants in the [[Rwenzori Mountains]], [[Uganda]]
|subdivision_ranks=[[Domain (biology)|Domains]] an [[Kinrick (biology)#Kingdoms o the Eukaryota|Supergroups]]
|subdivision=Life on Yird:
* [[Non-cellular life]]<ref group="note">Infectious protein molecules [[prion]]s are nae conseedert livin organisms, but can be describit as "organism-comparable organic structurs".</ref>
** [[Virus]]es<ref group="note">Certain specific virus-dependent organic structures mey be conseedert [[subviral agents]], includin [[satellite (biology)|satellites]] an [[defective interferin pairticle]]s, baith o which require [[helper virus|anither virus]] for thair replication.</ref>
** [[Viroid]]s
* [[Cellular life]]
** Domain [[Bacteria]]
** Domain [[Archaea]]
** Domain [[Eukarya]]
*** [[Archaeplastida]]
*** [[SAR supergroup|SAR]]
*** [[Excavata]]
*** [[Amoebozoa]]
*** [[Opisthokont]]
}}
'''Life''' is a characteristic distinguishin [[pheesical body|objects]] havin [[biological process|signalin an self-sustainin processes]] frae those that dae nae,<ref name=Koshland>{{Cite journal |title=The Seven Pillars of Life |journal=Science |date=March 22, 2002 |first=Daniel E. |last=Koshland, Jr. |volume=295 |issue=5563 |pages=2215–2216 |doi= 10.1126/science.1068489 |url=http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/295/5563/2215 |accessdate=2009-05-25 |pmid=11910092}}</ref><ref name=AHDLife>The ''[[American Heritage Dictionary]]'' of the English Language, 4th edition, published by Houghton Mifflin Company, via [http://www.answers.com/topic/life Answers.com]:
* "The property or quality that distinguishes living organisms from dead organisms and inanimate matter, manifested in functions such as [[metabolism]], growth, reproduction, and response to stimuli or adaptation to the [[Environment (biophysical)|environment]] originating from within the organism."
* "The characteristic state or condition of a living organism."</ref> aither acause sic functions hae ceased ([[death]]), or acause thay lack sic functions an are clessifee'd as [[wikt:inanimate|inanimate]].<ref>[http://wordnetweb.princeton.edu/perl/webwn?s=inanimate Definition of ''inanimate''.] WordNet Search by Princeton University.</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/life |title=Merriam-Webster Dictionary |accessdate=2009-06-21 |publisher=Merriam-Webster Dictionary}}</ref>

{{fixscots}}
{{unsoorced}}
{{Italic title}}
{{Taxobox
| name = ''Liopleurodon''
| fossil_range = [[Middle Jurassic|Middle]]&ndash;[[Late Jurassic]], {{Fossil range|160|155}}
| image = Liopleurodon ferox Tubingen 2.JPG
| image_caption = ''L. ferox'' skeleton, Museum of Paleontology, Tuebingen
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]]
| classis = [[Reptile|Reptilia]]
| ordo = †[[Plesiosauria]]
| subordo = †[[Pliosaur]]oidea
| familia = †[[Pliosaur]]idae
| genus = [[extinction|†]]'''''Liopleurodon'''''
| genus_authority = [[Henri Émile Sauvage|Sauvage]], 1873
| subdivision_ranks = [[Species]]
| subdivision = 
*''L. ferox'' <small>Sauvage, 1873 ([[Teep species|teep]])</small>
*?''L. pachydeirus'' <small>(Seeley, 1869)</small>
|synonyms =
* ''Pliosaurus ferox'' <small>(Sauvage, 1873) Lydekker, 1888</small>
* ''Pliosaurus pachydeirus'' <small>Seeley, 1869</small>
* ?''Pliosaurus giganteus'' <small>Conybeare, 1824</small>
* ?''Ischyrodon meriani'' <small>von Meyer, 1838</small>
}}
'''''Liopleurodon''''' (meanin 'smuith-sidit teeth') is a genus o lairge, [[Carnivore|carnivorous]] [[marine reptile]] belangin tae the [[Pliosaur]]oidea, a [[clade]] o short-necked [[plesiosaur]]s.

The '''DAF 33''' is a compact saloon caur produced bi the [[DAF Trucks|DAF]] company o [[Eindhoven]], in the Netherlands atween 1967 an 1974. Outwardly an technically it differed little frae its predecessor, the [[DAF Daffodil]].

| coor_pinpoint           = 
| coordinates_footnotes   = 
| subdivision_type        = Kintra
| subdivision_name        = [[Greece]]
| subdivision_type1       = [[Modren regions o Greece|Region]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[Attica]]
| established_title       = 
| established_date        = 2011
| founder                 = 
| seat_type               = Caipital
| seat                    = [[Pallini]]
| government_footnotes    = 
| leader_party            = 
| leader_title            = 
| leader_name             = 
| unit_pref               = Metric
| area_footnotes          = 
| area_total_km2          = 1513
| area_land_km2           = 
| area_water_km2          = 
| area_water_percent      = 
| area_note               = 
| elevation_footnotes     = 
| elevation_m             = 
| population_footnotes    = 
| population_total        = 403918
| population_as_of        = 2001
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_demonym      = 
| population_note         = 
| time_zone               = [[Eastren European Time|EET]]
| utc_offset              = +2
| timezone1_DST           = [[EEST]]
| utc_offset1_DST         = +3
| postal_code_type        = [[Postal codes in Greece|Postal codes]] 
| postal_code             = 1xx xx
| area_code_type          = [[Telephone numbers in Greece|Aurie codes]]
| area_code               = 210, 229x0
| blank_name              = [[Vehicle registration plates o Greece|Caur plates]]
| blank_info              = ΖΧ
| iso_code                = GR-A2
| website                 = {{URL|www.atticaeast.gr}}
| footnotes               = 
}}
'''East Attica''' ({{lang-el|Περιφερειακή ενότητα Ανατολικής Αττικής}}) is ane o the [[regional units o Greece]]. It is pairt o the [[Modren regions o Greece|region]] o [[Attica]]. The caipital o the regional unit is the toun o [[Pallini]]. The regional unit covers the eastren pairt o the agglomeration o Athens, an the rural aurie tae its east an aw.

'''Scots Birds'''

affers the jar tae Epimetheus.]]
In [[Greek meethologie]], '''Epimetheus''' ({{IPAc-en|ɛ|p|ɨ|ˈ|m|iː|θ|iː|ə|s}}; [[Greek leid|Greek:]] {{lang|grc|Ἐπιμηθεύς}}, which micht mean "hindsicht", leeterally "efterthinker") wis the brither o [[Prometheus]] (tradeetionally interpreted as "foresicht", leeterally "fore-thinker"), a pair o [[Titan (meethologie)|Titan]]s who "actit  as representatives o mankind" (Kerenyi 1951, p 207). Thay war the sons o [[Iapetus (meethologie)|Iapetus]],<ref>[[Hesiod]], ''[[Theogony]]'' 511ff.</ref> who in ither contexts wis the faither o [[Atlas (meethologie)|Atlas]].

|Lageplan          = Wees in SL.PNG
|Bundesland        = Schleswig-Holstein
|Kreis             = Schleswig-Flensburg
|Amt               = Langballig
|Höhe              = 37
|Fläche            = 12.74
|Einwohner         = 2322
|Stand             = 2006-12-31
|PLZ               = 24999
|Vorwahl           = 04631
|Kfz               = SL
|Gemeindeschlüssel = 01 0 59 176
|Adresse-Verband   = Süderende 1<br />24977 Langballig
|Website           = [http://www.langballig.de/ www.langballig.de]
|Bürgermeister     = Gerd Voß
|Partei            = SSW
}}

| class        = Grand Tourer
| body_style   = {{ubl|2-door 4-seat [[hatchback]]|2-door 4-seat [[convertible (caur)|convertible]]|2-door 4-seat [[coupé]]}}
| engine       = {{ubl|{{convert|383|cid|L|1|abbr=on}} ''[[Chrysler B engine#383|Golden Commando]]'' [[V8 ingine|V8]] (1966-1971)|{{convert|440|cid|L|1|abbr=on}} ''[[Chrysler B engine#440|TNT]]'' V8 (1971-1976)|{{convert|360|cid|L|1|abbr=on}} ''[[Chrysler LA ingine#360 V8|LA]]'' V8 (S4)}}
| transmission = {{ubl|4 speed [[manual transmission|manual]]|3-speed ''[[Torqueflite]]'' A727 [[automatic transmission|automatic]]}}
| length       = {{convert|186|in|mm|1|abbr=on}}
| width        = {{convert|69|in|mm|1|abbr=on}}
| height       =  {{convert|53|in|mm|1|abbr=on}}<ref name=DlyExpressLonMoShoRev1966>{{cite book |last=Cardew|first=Basil |authorlink= |coauthors= |title=Daily Express Review of the 1966 Motor Show|year=1966 |publisher=Beaverbrook Newspapers Ltd |location=London |id=}}</ref>
| weight       =  {{convert|3500|lb|kg|0|abbr=on}}
| wheelbase    = {{convert|105|in|mm|1|abbr=on}}
| predecessor  = [[Jensen CV8]]
| layout       = [[FR layoot]]
| designer     = [[Carrozzeria Touring]]
| related      = [[Jensen FF]]
}}

{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Viola'' (plant)}}
{{taxobox
|image = Viola reichenbachiana 001.jpg
|image_caption = ''[[Viola reichenbachiana]]''
|regnum = [[Plant]]ae
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
|unranked_classis = [[Rosids]]
|ordo = [[Malpighiales]]
|familia = [[Violaceae]]
|subfamilia = [[Violoideae]]
|tribus = [[Violeae]]
|genus = '''''Viola'''''
|subdivision_ranks = Species
|subdivision = '''[[Leet o Viola speshies|Leet o ''Viola'' speshies]]'''
}}
'''''Viola''''' is a [[genus]] o [[flouerin plant]]s in the violet [[faimily (biology)|faimily]] Violaceae.

}}
{{Contains Chinese text}} 

{{chembox
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 464365162
| Name = Benzene
| ImageFileL1_Ref = {{chemboximage|correct|??}}
| ImageFileL1 = Benzene geometrie.svg
| ImageNameL1 = Skeletal formula detail o benzene
| ImageSizeL1 = 120px
| ImageFileR1 = Benzene-xtal-3D-vdW.png
| ImageNameR1 = Stack o benzene baw-an-stick model
| ImageSizeR1 = 150px
| ImageFile2 = Solid benzene.png
| ImageName2 = Frozen benzene
| ImageSize2 = 200px
| IUPACName = Benzene
| SystematicName = Cyclohexa-1,3,5-triene
| OtherNames = 1,3,5-Cyclohexatriene, Benzol, Phene
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
  | CASNo = 71-43-2
  | CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
  | PubChem = 241
  | ChemSpiderID = 236
  | ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
  | UNII = J64922108F
  | UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
  | KEGG = C01407
  | KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}}
  | ChEBI = 16716
  | ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
  | ChEMBL = 277500
  | ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
  | RTECS = CY1400000
  | SMILES = c1ccccc1
  | EINECS = 200-753-7
  | InChI = 1/C6H6/c1-2-4-6-5-3-1/h1-6H
  | InChIKey = UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYAH
  | StdInChI = 1S/C6H6/c1-2-4-6-5-3-1/h1-6H
  | StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
  | StdInChIKey = UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
  | StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
  }}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
  | C=6|H=6
  | Appearance = Colourless liquid
  | Odor = Aromatic, petrol-like
  | Density = 0.8765(20) g/cm<sup>3</sup><ref name="handbook13">{{RubberBible86th}}</ref>
  | Solubility = 1.53 g/L (0 °C)<br> 1.81 g/L (9 °C)<br> 1.79 g/L (15 °C)<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Arnold |first1=D. |last2=Plank |first2=C. |last3=Erickson |first3=E. |last4=Pike |first4=F. |title=Solubility of Benzene in Water |year=1958 |journal=Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Chemical & Engineering Data Series |volume=3 |issue=2 |page=253 |doi=10.1021/i460004a016}}</ref><!--1st ref is most comprehensive but is paywalled---><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Breslow |first1=R. |last2=Guo |first2=T. |title=Surface tension measurements show that chaotropic salting-in denaturants are not just water-structure breakers |year=1990 |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |volume=87 |issue=1 |pages=167–9 |pmid=2153285 |pmc=53221 |doi=10.1073/pnas.87.1.167|bibcode = 1990PNAS...87..167B }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Coker |first1=A. Kayode |last2=Ludwig |first2=Ernest E. |title=Ludwig's Applied Process Design for Chemical And Petrochemical Plants |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=N8RcH8juG_YC&pg=PA114 |accessdate=2012-05-31 |volume=1 |year=2007 |publisher=Elsevier |isbn=0-7506-7766-X |page=114}}</ref><br> 1.84 g/L (30 °C)<br> 2.26 g/L (61 °C)<br> 3.94 g/L (100 °C)<br> 21.7 g/kg (200 °C, 6.5 MPa)<br> 17.8 g/kg (200 °C, 40 MPa)<ref name=chemister>http://chemister.ru/Database/properties-en.php?dbid=1&id=644</ref>
  | SolubleOther = Soluble in [[alcohol]], [[chloroform|CHCl<sub>3</sub>]], [[carbon tetrachloride|CCl<sub>4</sub>]], [[diethyl ether]], [[acetone]], [[acetic acid]]<ref name=chemister />
| Solubility1 = 5.83 g/100 g (20 °C)<br> 6.61 g/100 g (40 °C)<br> 7.61 g/100 g (60 °C)<ref name=chemister />
| Solvent1 = ethanediol
| Solubility2 = 20 °C, solution in water:<br> 1.2 mL/L (20% v/v)<ref name=sioc>{{cite book|last = Seidell|first = Atherton|last2 = Linke|first2 = William F.|year = 1952|title = Solubilities of Inorganic and Organic Compounds|publisher = Van Nostrand|url = [http://books.google.com/books?id=k2e5AAAAIAAJ Google Books]|accessdate = 2014-05-29}}</ref>
| Solvent2 = ethanol
| Solubility3 = 20 °C, solution in water:<br> 7.69 mL/L (38.46% v/v)<br> 49.4 mL/L (62.5% v/v)<ref name=sioc />
| Solvent3 = acetone
| Solubility4 = 52 g/100 g (20 °C)<ref name=chemister />
| Solvent4 = diethylene glycol
  | MeltingPtC = 5.53
  | BoilingPtC = 80.1
  | Viscosity = 0.7528 [[Poise|cP]] (10 °C)<br> 0.6076 cP (25 °C)<br> 0.4965 cP (40 °C)<br> 0.3075 cP (80 °C)
  | LambdaMax = 255 nm
  | RefractIndex = 1.5011 (20 °C)<br> 1.4948 (30 °C)<ref name=chemister />
  | LogP = 2.13
  | MagSus = 54.8·10<sup>−6</sup> cm<sup>3</sup>/mol
| VaporPressure = 12.7 kPa (25 °C)<br> 24.4 kPa (40 °C)<br> 181 kPa (100 °C)<ref name=nist>{{nist|name=Benzene|id=C71432|accessdate=2014-05-29|mask=FFFF|units=SI}}</ref>
  }}
| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure
| MolShape = Tetrahedral
| Dipole = 0 [[Debye|D]]
 }}
| Section4 = {{Chembox Thermochemistry
  | DeltaHf = 48.7 kJ/mol
  | HeatCapacity = 134.8 J/mol·K
  | Entropy = 173.26 J/mol·K<ref name=nist />
| DeltaHc = 3267.6 kJ/mol<ref name=nist />
 }}
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards
  | ExternalMSDS = [http://www.hmdb.ca/system/metabolites/msds/000/001/365/original/HMDB01505.pdf?1358893540 HMDB]
|   GHSPictograms = {{GHS02}}{{GHS06}}{{GHS08}}<ref name="sigma">[[Sigma-Aldrich|Sigma-Aldrich Co.]], [http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/sial/401765 Benzene]. Retrieved on 2014-05-29.</ref>
| GHSSignalWord = Danger
|   HPhrases = {{H-phrases|225|304|315|319|340|350|372}}<ref name="sigma" />
|   PPhrases = {{P-phrases|201|210|301+310|305+351+338|308+313|331}}<ref name="sigma" />
  | FlashPtC = −11.63
  | AutoignitionPtC = 497.78
  | ExploLimits = 1.2–7.8%
  | EUClass = {{Hazchem F}} {{Hazchem T+}}<br> [[Carcinogen|Carc. Cat. 1]]<br> [[Mutagen|Muta. Cat. 2]]
  | NFPA-H = 3
  | NFPA-F = 3
  | NFPA-R = 0
  | RPhrases = {{R45}}, {{R46}}, {{R11}}, {{R16}}, {{R36/38}},{{R48/23/24/25}}, {{R65}}
  | SPhrases = {{S53}}, {{S45}}
  | LD50 = 930 mg/kg (rat, oral)
  }}
| Section8 = {{Chembox Related
  | OtherCpds = [[Toluene]]<br> [[Borazine]]
  }}
}}
'''Benzene''' is an [[organic compoond|organic]] [[chemical compoond]] wi the molecular formula [[Carbon|C]]<sub>6</sub>[[Hydrogen|H]]<sub>6</sub>. The benzene molecule is componed o sax caurbon atoms jynt in a ring wi ane hydrogen atom attached tae ilk. As it conteens anerly caurbon an hydrogen atoms, benzene is clessed as a [[hydrocaurbon]].

{{Year nav|1998}}

{{About|the biggin material|the saftware company|Adobe Inc.}}
, Spain.]]
'''Adobe''' ({{IPA-es|aˈðoβe|lang}}) is a biggin material made frae yird an ither organic materials.

instead -->
| type                    = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment]]
| image_skyline           = 
| image_alt               = 
| image_caption           = 
| image_flag              = 
| flag_alt                = 
| image_shield            = Proposition de blason pour le département du Val-de-Marne.svg
| shield_alt              = 
| nickname                = 
| motto                   = 
| image_map               = Val-de-Marne-Position.svg
| map_alt                 = 
| map_caption             = Location o Val-de-Marne in Fraunce
| pushpin_map             = 
| pushpin_label_position  = 
| pushpin_map_alt         = 
| pushpin_map_caption     = 
| coordinates             = {{coord|48|45|N|2|25|E|region:FR_type:adm2nd_scale:1000000_source:frwiki|display=inline}}
| coor_pinpoint           = 
| coordinates_footnotes   = 
| subdivision_type        = [[Leet o kintras|Kintra]]
| subdivision_name        = [[Fraunce]]
| subdivision_type1       = [[Regions o Fraunce|Region]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[Île-de-France (region)|Île-de-France]]
| established_title       = 
| established_date        = 
| founder                 = 
| seat_type               = [[Prefecturs in Fraunce|Prefectur]]
| seat                    = [[Créteil]]
| parts_type              = [[Subprefecturs in Fraunce|Subprefecturs]]
| parts_style             = para
| p1                      = [[L'Haÿ-les-Roses]]<br />[[Nogent-sur-Marne]]
| government_footnotes    = 
| leader_party            = [[French Communist Pairty|PCF]]
| leader_title            = [[Preses o the General Cooncil]]
| leader_name             = [[Christian Favier]]
| unit_pref               = Metric<!-- or US or UK -->
| area_magnitude          = 
| area_footnotes          = {{ref|area|1}}
| area_total_km2          = 245
| area_note               = 
| elevation_footnotes     = 
| elevation_m             = 
| elevation_min_m         = 
| elevation_max_m         = 
| population_footnotes    = 
| population_total        = 1298340
| population_as_of        = 2006
| population_rank         = [[Leet o French depairtments bi population|10t]]
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_demonym      = 
| population_note         = 
| blank_name_sec1         = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment number]]
| blank_info_sec1         = 94
| blank_name_sec2         = [[Arrondissements o Fraunce|Arrondissements]]
| blank_info_sec2         = [[arrondissements o the Val-de-Marne depairtment|3]]
| blank1_name_sec2        = [[Cantons in Fraunce|Cantons]]
| blank1_info_sec2        = [[cantons o the Val-de-Marne depairtment|49]]
| blank2_name_sec2        = [[Communes in Fraunce|Communes]]
| blank2_info_sec2        = [[communes o the Val-de-Marne depairtment|47]]
| timezone1               = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset1             = +1
| timezone1_DST           = [[Central European Simmer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset1_DST         = +2
| postal_code_type        = 
| postal_code             = 
| area_code_type          = 
| area_code               = 
| iso_code                = 
| website                 = 
| footnotes               = {{note|area|1}} French Land Register data, which exclude [[estuary|estuaries]], an lakes, ponds, an glaciers lairger than 1 km<sup>2</sup>
}}
'''Val-de-Marne''' ({{IPA-fr|val.də.maʁn}}) is a [[Fraunce|French]] [[depairtments o Fraunce|depairtment]], namit efter the [[Marne River]], locatit in the [[Île-de-France (region)|Île-de-France]] [[regions o Fraunce|region]]. The depairtment is situatit tae the sootheast o the ceety o [[Paris]].

{{fixscots}}
{{italic title}}
{{taxobox
|name = Lavender
|image = Single lavender flower02.jpg
|image_caption = Lavender flouers wi [[bracts]]
|regnum = [[Plant]]ae
|unranked_divisio = [[Flowering plant|Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Asterids]]
|ordo = [[Lamiales]]
|familia = [[Lamiaceae]]
|subfamilia = [[Nepetoideae]]
|tribus = [[Lavanduleae]]
|genus = '''''Lavandula'''''
|synonyms_ref=<ref>{{cite web|url=http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/synonomy.do?name_id=108966|title=World Checklist of Selected Plant Families: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew|work=kew.org}}</ref>
|synonyms=*''Stoechas'' <small>Mill.</small>
*''Fabricia'' <small>Adans.</small>
*''Styphonia'' <small>Medik.</small>
*''Chaetostachys'' <small>Benth.</small> 
*''Sabaudia'' <small>Buscal. & Muschl.</small>
*''Isinia'' <small>Rech.f.</small>
|type_species = ''[[Lavandula angustifolia|Lavandula spica]]''
|type_species_authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]
|}}
'''''Lavandula''''' (common name '''lavender''') is a [[genus]] o 47 kent species o [[flouerin plant]]s in the mint [[Faimily (biology)|faimily]], [[Lamiaceae]]. It is [[native plant|native]] tae the [[Auld Warld]] an is foond frae [[Cape Verde]] an the [[Canary Islands]], Europe across tae northren an eastren Africae, the Mediterranean, soothwast Asie tae sootheast Indie. Mony members o the genus are cultivatit extensively in [[temperate climate]]s as [[ornamental plant]]s for gairden an laundscape uise, for uise as [[culinar yerb]]s, an an aa commercially for the extraction o [[essential ile]]s. The maist widely cultivatit species, ''[[Lavandula angustifolia]]'', is eften referred tae as lavender, an thare is a [[lavender (colour)|colour]] named for the shade o the flouers o this species.

'''Benjamin Earl''' "'''Ben'''" '''King''' (born '''Benjamin Earl Nelson'''; September 28, 1938 &ndash; Apryle 30, 2015) wis an [[Americans|American]] [[Soul muisic|soul]] an [[R&B]] [[sangster]]. He wis best kent as the sangster an [[Componer|co-composer]] o "[[Stand by Me]]".

| archipelago          = Chatham Islands
| total islands        = 10
| major islands        = [[Chatham Island]], [[Pitt Island]]
| area_km2             = 966
| highest mount        = Maungatere Hill
| elevation_m          = 294
| country              = [[New Zealand]]
| country largest city = [[Waitangi, Chatham Islands|Waitangi]]
| population           = 600
| population as of     = 2013 census
| timezone1            = CHAST
| utc_offset1          = +12:45
| timezone1_DST        = CHADT
| utc_offset1_DST      = +13:45
| website              = 
| additional info      = 
}}
The '''Chatham Islands''' ([[Moriori leid|Moriori]]: ''Rēkohu'', [[Māori leid|Māori]]: ''Wharekauri'') form an [[airchipelago]] in the Paceefic Ocean aboot {{convert|680|km|0|abbr=out}} sootheast o mainland [[New Zealand]].
{{authority control}}
[[Category:Chatham Islands| ]]
[[Category:Ecoregions]]
[[Category:New Zealand]]
[[Category:Airchipelagoes]]
[[Category:Paceefic Ocean]]

|map_type= Scotland
 |static_image=
 |static_image_caption= Kirriemair, Peter Pan Statue
 |gaelic_name= Cearan Mhoire
 |unitary_scotland= [[Angus]]
 |lieutenancy_scotland= [[Angus]]
 |constituency_westminster= [[Angus (UK Pairlament constituency)|Angus]]
 |constituency_scottish_parliament= [[Angus Sooth (Scots Pairlament constituency)|Angus Sooth]]
 |post_town= KIRRIEMUIR|postcode_district = DD8
 |postcode_area= DD 
 |dial_code= 01575
 }}
'''Kirriemair''', sometimes cried '''Kirrie''', is a [[burgh]] in [[Angus]], [[Scotland]].

{{Year nav|2000}}

The '''brammle''' (''Rubus fruticosusis'') is a widespreid buss, an kenspeckle group o ower 375 speshies, o sib [[apomictic microspeshies]] that's hamelt aw ower the temperate Northren hemisphere an [[Sooth Americae]]. The brammle growes tae aboot 3 m in hicht. The plant tholes puir [[syle]] brawly. It is unco [[pervasive]]. It will growe fast, takkin ower unrived oot airts verra fast. The 

instead -->
| type                    = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment]]
| image_skyline           = Préfecture de la Haute-Vienne.jpg
| image_alt               =
| image_caption           = [[Prefecturs in Fraunce|Prefectur]] biggin o the Haute-Vienne depairtment, in Limoges
| image_flag              = 
| flag_alt                = 
| image_shield            = Blason département fr Haute-Vienne.svg
| shield_alt              = 
| nickname                = 
| motto                   = 
| image_map               = Haute-Vienne-Position.svg
| map_alt                 = 
| map_caption             = Location o Haute-Vienne in Fraunce
| pushpin_map             = 
| pushpin_label_position  = 
| pushpin_map_alt         = 
| pushpin_map_caption     = 
| coordinates             = {{coord|45|50|N|1|16|E|region:FR_type:adm2nd|display=inline,title}}
| coor_pinpoint           = 
| coordinates_footnotes   = 
| subdivision_type        = [[Leet o sovereign states|Kintra]]
| subdivision_name        = [[Fraunce]]
| subdivision_type1       = [[Regions o Fraunce|Region]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[Limousin (région)|Limousin]]
| established_title       = 
| established_date        = 
| founder                 = 
| seat_type               = [[Prefecturs in Fraunce|Prefectur]]
| seat                    = [[Limoges]]
| parts_type              = [[Subprefecturs in Fraunce|Subprefecturs]]
| parts_style             = para
| p1                      = [[Bellac]]<br>[[Rochechouart]]
| government_footnotes    = 
| leader_party            = [[Parti socialiste français|PS]]
| leader_title            = [[Preses o the general cooncil|Preses o the General Cooncil]]
| leader_name             = [[Marie-Françoise Pérol-Dumont]]
| unit_pref               = Metric<!-- or US or UK -->
| area_magnitude          = 
| area_footnotes          = {{ref|area|1}}
| area_total_km2          = 5520
| area_note               = 
| elevation_footnotes     = 
| elevation_m             = 
| elevation_min_m         = 
| elevation_max_m         = 
| population_footnotes    = 
| population_total        = 371102
| population_as_of        = 2007
| population_rank         = [[Leet o French depairtments bi population|62nt]]
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_demonym      = 
| population_note         = 
| blank_name_sec1         = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment nummer]]
| blank_info_sec1         = 87
| blank_name_sec2         = [[Arrondissements o Fraunce|Arrondissements]]
| blank_info_sec2         = [[arrondissements o the Haute-Vienne depairtment|3]]
| blank1_name_sec2        = [[Cantons in Fraunce|Cantons]]
| blank1_info_sec2        = [[cantons o the Haute-Vienne depairtment|21]]
| blank2_name_sec2        = [[Communes in Fraunce|Communes]]
| blank2_info_sec2        = [[communes o the Haute-Vienne depairtment|201]]
| timezone1               = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset1             = +1
| timezone1_DST           = [[Central European Simmer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset1_DST         = +2
| postal_code_type        = 
| postal_code             = 
| area_code_type          = 
| area_code               = 
| iso_code                = 
| website                 = 
| footnotes               = {{note|area|1}} French Land Register data, which exclude [[estuary|estuaries]], an lochs, ponds, an glaciers lairger nor 1 km<sup>2</sup>
}}
'''Haute-Vienne''' ({{IPA-fr|ot vjɛn}}) is a French [[depairtments o Fraunce|depairtment]] named efter the [[Vienne River]].

'''Human richts''' is "[[richt]]s an [[freedom (politeecal)|freedom]]s that aw humans is enteetelt tae".<ref>Houghton Mifflin Company (2006)</ref> Them that propones the concept for ordinar threaps that awbody is endoued wi certain enteetlements juist bi raison o bein [[human]] alane.<ref>{{Cite book
  | last = Feldman
  | first = David
  | title = Civil Liberties & Human Rights in England and Wales
  | publisher = Oxford University Press
  | date =
  | location =
  | page = 5
  | url =
  | doi =
  | id =
  | isbn = }}l</ref> Frae that human richts is conceived in a [[Universality (philosophy)|universalist]] an [[egalitarian]] mainer. Sic enteetlements can exist as shared norms o actual human moralities, as juistifee'd moral norms or [[naitural richts]] uphauden bi strang raisons, or as [[legal richts]] aither at a naitional level or athin [[internaitional law]].<ref>{{cite web
| last = Nickel
| first = James
| title = Human Rights
| year = 2009
| work = The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
| editor-last = Zalta
| editor-first = Edward N.
| url = http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2009/entries/rights-human/ }}</ref> Housomeiver, thare is nae consensus as tae the preceese naitur o whit in parteecular shoud or shoudna be regairdit as a human richt in ony o the aforegane senses, an the abstract concept o human richts haes been a subject o intense philosophical debate an creeticism.

{{Itheruises}}
)
 | map = 
 | status = [[Ceremonial coonties o Ingland|Ceremonial]] an (smawer) [[Metropolitan an nan-metropolitan coonties o Ingland|nan-metropolitan]] coonty
 | region = [[Sooth Wast Ingland]]
 | arearank = [[Leet o ceremonial coonties o Ingland bi aurie|Rankit 4t]]
 | area_km2 =6707
 | adminarearank = [[Leet o admeenistrative shire coonties o Ingland bi aurie|Rankit 3rd]]
 | adminarea_km2 = 6564
 | adminhq = [[Exeter]]
 | Largest City = [[Plymouth]]
 | iso = GB-DEV
 | ons = 18
 | nuts3 = UKK43
 | poprank = [[Leet o ceremonial coonties o Ingland bi population|Rankit {{English cerem counties|RNK=Devon}}]]
 | popestdate = {{English statistics year}}
 | pop = {{English cerem counties|POP=Devon}}
 | density_km2 = {{English cerem counties|DEN=Devon}}
 | adminpoprank = [[Leet o nan-metropolitan coonties o Ingland bi population|Rankit {{English admin counties|RNK=Devon}}]]
 | adminpop = {{English admin counties|POP=Devon}}
 | ethnicity = 98.7% White Breetish
 | council = <br>Devon County Council<br />http://www.devon.gov.uk
 | executive =
 | mps = * [[Ben Bradshaw]] [[Labour Pairty (UK)|(L)]]
* [[Oliver Colvile]] [[Conservative Pairty (UK)|(C)]]
* [[Geoffrey Cox]] [[Conservative Pairty (UK)|(C)]]
* [[Nick Harvey]] [[Leeberal Democrats|(LD)]]
* [[Anne-Marie Morris]] [[Conservative Pairty (UK)|(C)]]
* [[Neil Parish]] [[Conservative Pairty (UK)|(C)]]
* [[Adrian Sanders]] [[Leeberal Democrats|(LD)]]
* [[Alison Seabeck]] [[Labour Pairty (UK)|(L)]]
* [[Gary Streeter]] [[Conservative Pairty (UK)|(C)]]
* [[Mel Stride]] [[Conservative Pairty (UK)|(C)]]
* [[Hugo Swire]] [[Conservative Pairty (UK)|(C)]]
* [[Sarah Wollaston]] [[Conservative Pairty (UK)|(C)]]
 | subdivmap = 
 | subdivs =
#[[Exeter]]
#[[East Devon]]
#[[Mid Devon]]
#[[North Devon]]
#[[Torridge]]
#[[Wast Devon]]
#[[Sooth Hams]]
#[[Teignbridge]]
#[[Plymouth]] (Unitary)
#[[Torbay]] (Unitary)
}}

{{Fixscots}}</ref><br/>[[NUMMI]]<br/>[[Unitit Australian Automobile Industries|UAAI]]<br/>[[Toyota Motor Manufacturin Canadae|TMMC]]<br>[[Toyota Motor Manufacturin Mississippi|TMMMS]]
|production = 1966–present
|class = [[Subcompact]] (1966–1987)<br />[[Compact car|Compact]] (1988–present)
|predecessor = [[Toyota Publica]]
}}

A '''Zen gairden''', a [[Japan]]ese kynd o Karesansui 枯山水 stane gairden, is a shauld saundpit conteenin saund, grush, stanes, whiles girse or ither naitral elements. Thay are uised bi Japanese Zen monks in meditation.

'''Paleontology''' or '''palaeontology''' ({{IPAc-en|ˌ|p|eɪ|l|ɪ|ɒ|n|ˈ|t|ɒ|l|ə|dʒ|i}}, {{IPAc-en|ˌ|p|eɪ|l|ɪ|ə|n|ˈ|t|ɒ|l|ə|dʒ|i}} or {{IPAc-en|ˌ|p|æ|l|ɪ|ɒ|n|ˈ|t|ɒ|l|ə|dʒ|i}}, {{IPAc-en|ˌ|p|æ|l|ɪ|ə|n|ˈ|t|ɒ|l|ə|dʒ|i}}) is the scienteefic study o life existent prior tae, but whiles includin, the stairt o the Holocene Epoch.

, conteened in [[coffee]] an ither beverages, is the maist widely uised [[psychoactive drog]] in the warld. 90% o [[North American]] [[adults]] consume the substance on a daily basis.<ref name="New Scientist: Coffee: The demon drink?">{{cite web | url = http://www.newscientist.com/article/mg18725181.700 | title = Coffee: The demon drink? | accessdate = 2014-05-01 | author = Richard Lovett | date = 24 September 2005 }}</ref>]]
A '''drog''' is ony substance (ither nor [[fuid]] that provides nutreetional support) that, when [[insufflation (medicine)|inhaled]], [[drog injection|injectit]], [[smeukin|smeukit]], [[ingestion|consumed]], [[absorption (skin)|absorbed]] via a [[dermal patch|patch]] on the skin, or [[sublingual administration|dissolved unner the tongue]] causes a physiological chynge in the bouk.<ref name="diccom">{{cite dictionary |url=http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/drug |contribution=Drug |work=Dictionary.com Unabridged |version=v 1.1 |publisher=[[Random House]] |via=Dictionary.com |date=20 September 2007}}</ref><ref name="drugs.com: Drug Definition">{{cite web | url = http://www.drugs.com/dict/drug.html| title = Drug Definition |work=Stedman's Medical Dictionary |via=Drugs.com | accessdate = 2014-05-01 }}</ref>

| birth_place = [[Straubing]], [[Electorate o Bavarie]]
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1826|6|7|1787|3|6|df=yes}}
| death_place =  [[Munich]], [[German Confederation]]
}}
'''Joseph Ritter von Fraunhofer''' (6 Mairch 1787 – 7 Juin 1826) wis a [[Germany|German]] [[optician]].

{{fixscots|date=Mairch 2021}}

{{fixscots|date=Januar 2021}}

{{taxobox
|name = Asparagaceae
|image = Asperge_in_bloei_Asparagus_officinalis.jpg
|image_caption = ''Asparagus officinalis'' in flouer
|regnum = [[Plantae]]
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Monocots]]
|ordo = [[Asparagales]]
|familia = '''Asparagaceae'''
|familia_authority = [[Antoine Laurent de Jussieu|Juss.]]<ref name="APG3"/>
|subdivision_ranks = genera
|subdivision = See text
|}}

{{Year dab|1940}}
{{Year nav|1940}}
Year '''1940''' ('''MCMXL''' in [[Roman numerals]]) wis a leap year stairtin on Monanday o the [[Gregorian calendar]].

| death_place=[[Roum]], [[Papal States]], [[Haly Roman Empire]]
| previous_post={{unbulleted list|[[Cardinal-Bishop o Ostia]] (1078–88)|[[Cardinal-Bishop o Velletri]] (1080–88)|Legate in Germany (1084–85)}}
| feast_day=29 July
| venerated=[[Roman Catholic Kirk]]
| beatified_date=14 Julie 1881
| beatified_place=[[Roum]]
| beatified_by=[[Pape Leo XIII]]
| attributes = {{unbulleted list|Papal vestments|[[Papal tiara]]|Staff}}
| other=Urban}}
'''Pape Urban II''' ({{lang-la|Urbanus II}}; {{c.|1042}}&nbsp;– 29 Julie 1099), born '''Odo o Châtillon''' or '''Otho de Lagery''',{{sfn|Celli-Fraentzel|1932|p=97}}{{refn|Alternatively, '''Otto''', '''Odo''', or '''Eudes'''.}} wis [[pape]] frae 12 Mairch 1088 tae his daith in 1099. He is best kent for initiatin the [[First Crusade]] (1096–99) an settin up the modren-day [[Roman Curia]] in the manner o a ryal ecclesiastical coort tae help run the Kirk.{{sfn|McBrien|2000|p=182}}

{{cite web |url= http://www.statistik-portal.de/Statistik-Portal/de_zs01_he.asp |title= State population |work= Portal of the Federal Statistics Office Germany |accessdate= 2007-04-25 |archive-date= 2014-03-10 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140310014618/http://www.statistik-portal.de/Statistik-Portal/de_zs01_he.asp |url-status= dead }}</ref>
|pop_date = 2007-09-30
|GDP = 224.98
|GDP_year = 2010<ref>{{de icon}} {{cite web |url=http://vgrdl.de/Arbeitskreis_VGR/tbls/tab01.asp |title=Bruttoinlandsprodukt |publisher=Statistische Ämter des Bundes und der Länder |year=2011 |work=Volkswirtschaftliche Gesamtrechnungen |accessdate=22 May 2011 |archive-date=2012-03-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120324095947/http://vgrdl.de/Arbeitskreis_VGR/tbls/tab01.asp |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|GDP_per_capita = 37,045
|GDP_per_capita_year = 2010 
|GDP_percent = 
|Website = [http://www.hessen.de/ www.hessen.de]
|leader_title =
|leader = Volker Bouffier
|leader_party = CDU
|ruling_party1 = CDU
|ruling_party2 = FDP
|votes = 5
|NUTS = DE7
|iso region = DE-HE
|coordinates = {{coord|50|39|58|N|8|35|28|E|display=inline}}
|
|date=September 2010
}}

'''Agein''' is the process o becomin aulder.  In the narrae sense, the term refers tae [[Biology|biological]] agein o human beings, ainimals an ither organisms.

{{Taxobox
| status = EN
| status_system = iucn3.1
| image = 20110507 Metasequoia glyptostroboides.jpg
| image_width = 250px
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
| divisio = [[Pinophyta]]
| classis = [[Pinophyta|Pinopsida]]
| ordo = [[Pinales]]
| familia = [[Cupressaceae]]
| subfamilia = [[Sequoioideae]]
| genus = ''[[Metasequoia]]''
| species = '''''M. glyptostroboides'''''
| binomial = ''Metasequoia glyptostroboides''
| binomial_authority = [[Hu Xiansu|Hu]] an [[Wan Chun Cheng|W.C.Cheng]], 1948
}}
'''''Metasequoia glyptostroboides''''', the '''dawn reidwid''', is a fast-growin, endangered [[pinophyta|coniferous]] tree, the sole livin [[species]] o the [[genus]] ''[[Metasequoia]]'', ane o three species in the subfaimily [[Sequoioideae]].

[[Image:1938Jensen3.5litre.jpg|thumb|right|1938 Jensen 3.5 litre]]

</ref>
|pop_date = 2007-10-31
|GDP = 27.73
|GDP_year = 2010
|GDP_percent = 1.1
|Website = [http://www.bremen.de/ bremen.de]
|leader_title = [[Mayor o Bremen|Senate Preses]]
|leader = Jens Böhrnsen
|leader_party = SPD
|ruling_party1 = SPD
|ruling_party2 = Alliance '90/The Greens
|votes = 3
|NUTS = DE5
|Kfz = HB <small>(1906–1947; again since 1956)<br />BM (1947), AE (1947–1956)</small>
|divisions = 2 [[Urban destricts o Germany|urban destricts]]
|iso region = DE-HB
|coordinates = {{coord|53|4|33|N|8|48|27|E|display=inline}}
|date=August 2010
}}
The '''Free Hanseatic Ceety o Bremen''' ([[German leid|German]]: ''Freie Hansestadt Bremen'', {{IPA-de|ˈbʁeːmən|pron}}) is the smawest o Germany's 16 [[States o Germany|states]]. A mair informal name, but uised in some offeecial contexts, is ''Land Bremen'' ('State o Bremen').

{{fixscots|date=Januar 2020}}
{{Distinguish|Sermon on the Mount}}

|subdivision_type1      = [[Provinces o Turkey|Province]]
|subdivision_name1      = [[Hatay Province]]
|subdivision_type2      = [[Destricts o Turkey|Destrict]]
|subdivision_name2      = [[İskenderun]]
|subdivision_type3      = 
|subdivision_name3      =
|subdivision_type4      = 
|subdivision_name4      =
|leader_title           = 
|leader_name            =
|established_title      = 
|established_date       = 
|area_total_km2         = 
|population_as_of               =2011
|population_footnotes           =
|population_total               =7,816
|population_density_km2         =
|timezone=[[Eastren European Time|EET]]
|utc_offset=+2
|timezone_DST=[[Eastren European Simmer Time|EEST]]
|utc_offset_DST=+3
|coordinates            = {{coord|36|23|N|35|55|E|region:TR|display=inline}}
|N
|E
|elevation_footnotes    =  
|elevation_m            = 50
|elevation_ft           = 160
|website                = 
|postal_code            = 31270
|area_code              = 0326 
|governing_body         = Payas Municipality
|leader_name            = 
|leader_party           = 
|leader_title           = Mayor

{{Itheruises}}

{{Automatic taxobox
|taxon = Agave
|image = Agave americana R01.jpg
|image_width =
|image_caption = ''[[Agave americana]]''
|authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]]
|subdivision_ranks = [[Species]]
|subdivision = See text. See an aa [[Leet o Agave species|full leetin]].
|}}

{{infobox cadmium}}
'''Cadmium''' is a [[chemical element]] wi the seembol '''Cd''' an [[atomic nummer]] 48. This saft, bluish-white metal is chemically seemilar tae the twa ither stable metals in [[group 12 element|group 12]], [[zinc]] an [[mercur (element)|mercur]]. Lik zinc, it prefers [[oxidation state]] +2 in maist o its compoonds an lik mercur it shaws a law meltin pynt compared tae [[transeetion metal]]s. Cadmium an its [[Congener (chemistry)|congeners]] are nae always considered transeetion metals, in that thay dae nae hae pairtly filled d or f electron shells in the elemental or common oxidation states. The average concentration o cadmium in the Yird's crust is atween 0.1 an 0.5 pairts per million (ppm). It wis discovered in 1817 simultaneously bi [[Friedrich Stromeyer|Stromeyer]] an [[Karl Samuel Leberecht Hermann|Hermann]], baith in Germany, as an impurity in [[zinc carbonate]].

'''Cambrigshire''' ({{lang-en|'''Cambridgeshire'''|link=no}}, {{IPA-en|ˈkeɪmˌbɹɪdʒ.ʃə|}}, cutty '''''Cambs''''') is a coonty in [[Ingland]], mairchin Lincolnshire tae the north, Norfolk tae the nor-aest, Suffolk tae the aest, Essex an Hertfordshire tae the sooth, an Bedfordshire an Northamptonshire tae the wast. Cambrigshire conteens maist o the reegion kent as Silicon Fen. The coonty toun is [[Cambrig]].
{{Commonscat}}

{{For|Tawse as a branch o [[Clan Farquharson]]|Sept (social)}}
. An exhibit in the [[Abbot Hoose, Dunfermline]]. The pentin is 'The Dominie Functions' (1826) bi [[George Harvey (painter)|George Harvey]] (1806-1876)]]
The '''tawse'''{{efn|Lang syne spelt '''taws''' whiles, the plural o Scots '''taw''' (thong o a whip)}} (kent as the '''[[Lochgelly]] tawse'''<ref>Phrase "Lochgelly tawse" uised:
*{{cite book |last1=Gray |first1=Alasdair |title=Old Men in Love: John Tunnock's Posthumous Papers: Introduced by Lady Sara Sim-Jaegar |date=2007 |publisher=Bloomsbury |isbn=978-0-7475-9353-9 |page=123 |url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=AZJlAAAAMAAJ |language=en}}
*{{cite book |last1=Clark |first1=Peter |title=The Lefties' Guide to Britain: From the Peasants' Revolt to the Granita Restaurant |date=2005 |publisher=Politico's |isbn=978-1-84275-144-2 |page=350 |url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=PuGfAAAAMAAJ |language=en}}
*{{cite book |last1=MacLeod |first1=Ken |title=The Execution Channel: Novel |date=2012 |publisher=Little, Brown Book Group |isbn=978-1-4055-1940-3 |page=44 |url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=61NxrlcIo7gC&pg=PT44 |language=en}}</ref> an aw, efter the Scots toun in whilk maist were craftit) wis an implement uised for [[corporal punishment]]. It wis maistlins uist in Scots [[schuil|schuils]] til the 1980s, whan it wis bannit acause o a judgment bi the European Court o Human Richt. The tawse wis o a strip o lether, wi yin end split intae several tails. The thickness o the lether an tails differed. 

The '''Enlichtenment''', kent in French as the ''Siècle des Lumières'' (Century o Enlichtenment),  an in German as the ''Aufklärung'', wis a filosofical muivement which dominatit the warld o ideas in Europe in the 18t century.

{{itheruises}}
, [[Leet o Welsh principal auries bi population|Rankit {{Welsh council population|RNK=W06000011}}]]<br/>Urban aurie athin Unitar Authority: 169,880<br/>[[Swansea Urban Aurie|Wider Urban Aurie]]: 270,506
|population_urban        =
|population_density_km2  = 601
|population_blank1_title = [[Demonym]]
|population_blank1       =
|population_blank2_title = [[Ethnicity]]
|population_blank2       = 97.8% White<br/>1.2% S. Asie<br/>0.3% Afro-Caribbean<br/>0.3% Chinese
|timezone                = [[Greenwich Mean Time|GMT]]
|utc_offset              = 0
|timezone_DST            = [[Breetish Simmer Time|BST]]
|utc_offset_DST          = +1
|elevation_m             =
|postal_code_type        = Post codes
|postal_code             = [[SA postcode aurie|SA1-SA7]]
|area_code               = [[Leet o Wales dialling codes|01792]]
|blank_name             = [[Vehicle registration plates o the Unitit Kinrick#Current seestem|Vehicle aurie codes]]
|blank_info             = CP, CR, CS, CT, CU, CV
|blank_name              = [[ISO 3166-2:GB|ISO 3166-2]]
|blank_info              = GB-SWA
|blank1_name             = [[ONS coding seestem|ONS code]]
|blank1_info             = 00NX (ONS)<br />W06000011 (GSS)
|blank2_name             = [[Breetish naitional grid reference seestem|OS grid reference]]
|blank2_info             = {{gbmappingsmall|SS6593}}
|blank3_name             = [[Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics|NUTS]] 3
|blank3_info             = UKL18
|blank4_name             = Police Force
|blank4_info             = South Wales Police
|blank5_name             = Fire Service
|blank5_info             = [[Mid and West Wales Fire and Rescue Service]]
|blank6_name             = Ambulance Service
|blank6_info             = Welsh Ambulance Service
}}

A '''Zen gairden''', a [[Japan]]ese kynd o Karesansui 枯山水 stane gairden, is a shauld saundpit conteenin saund, grush, stanes, whiles girse or ither naitral elements. Thay are uised bi Japanese Zen monks in meditation.

{{taxobox
|image = Origanum vulgare - harilik pune.jpg
|image_caption = Flouerin oregano
|regnum = [[Plantae]]
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Asterids]]
|ordo = [[Lamiales]]
|familia = [[Lamiaceae]]
|genus = ''[[Origanum]]''
|species = '''''O. vulgare'''''
|binomial = ''Origanum vulgare''
|binomial_authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]
}}
'''Oregano''' (scienteefic name ''Origanum vulgare'') is a common species o ''[[Origanum]]'', a [[genus]] o the [[mint faimily]] (Lamiaceae).

{{Year dab|1945}}
{{Year nav|1945}}
'''1945''' wis a year stairtin on a Monanday.

The '''Fuirsday''' is the [[day]] o the [[week]] atween [[Wadensday]] an [[Fryday]]. The name Fuirsday comes fae the [[Auld Inglis]] Þunresdæg, meanin the day o [[Þunor]], forby kent in Inglis as [[Thor]].

{{Fixscots}}

{{fixscots|date=Dizember 2020}}

{{taxobox
|name = Plantain faimily
|image = Scoparia dulcis at Kadavoor.jpg
|image_caption = ''[[Scoparia dulcis]]''
|regnum = [[Plant]]ae
|unranked_divisio = [[Flouerin plant|Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Asterids]]
|ordo = [[Lamiales]]
|familia = '''Plantaginaceae'''
|familia_authority = [[Antoine Laurent de Jussieu|Juss.]]<ref name=APGIII2009>{{Cite journal |last=Angiosperm Phylogeny Group |year=2009 |title=An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III |journal=Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=161 |issue=2 |pages=105–121 |url=http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1046/j.1095-8339.2003.t01-1-00158.x/pdf | format= PDF |accessdate=2013-07-06 |doi=10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x }}</ref>
|subdivision_ranks = [[Tribe (biology)|Tribes]]
|subdivision =
* [[Angelonieae]]
*[[Antirrhineae]]
*[[Callitricheae]]
*[[Cheloneae]]
*[[Digitalideae]]
*[[Globularieae]]
*[[Gratioleae]]
*[[Hemiphragma|Hemiphragmeae]]
*[[Plantagineae]]
*[[Russelieae]]
*[[Sipthorpieae]]
*[[Veroniceae]]
|synonyms = Antirrhinaceae <small>Pers.</small><br>
Aragoaceae <small>D.Don</small><br>
Callitrichaceae <small>Link</small> nom. cons.<br>
Chelonaceae <small>Martinov</small><br>
Digitalaceae <small>Martinov</small><br>
Ellisiophyllaceae <small>Honda</small><br>
Globulariaceae <small>DC.</small> nom. cons.<br>
Gratiolaceae <small>Martinov</small><br>
Hippuridaceae <small>Vest</small> nom. cons.<br>
Littorellaceae <small>Gray</small><br>
Psylliaceae <small>Horan.</small><br>
Sibthorpiaceae <small>D.Don</small><br>
Veronicaceae <small>Cassel</small><ref name="GRIN">{{cite web |url=http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/family.pl?888 |title=Family: ''Plantaginaceae''  Juss., nom. cons. |work=Germplasm Resources Information Network |date=2003-01-17 |accessdate=2011-04-28 |archive-date=2008-10-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081012015256/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/family.pl?888 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|}}
'''Plantaginaceae''', the '''plantain faimily''', is a [[faimily (biology)|faimily]] o [[flouerin plants]] in the [[Order (biology)|order]] [[Lamiales]]. The teep genus is ''[[Plantago]]'' [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]].

| season = {{Scottish football updater|Rothes2}}
| position = {{Scottish football updater|Rothes3}}
| pattern_la1 = _macronunki1718obr
| pattern_b1 = _macronkimah1ob
| pattern_ra1 = _macronunki1718obr
| pattern_sh1 = _macrontempel1bo
| pattern_so1 = _band_black
| leftarm1 = FF7F00
| body1 = FF7F00
| rightarm1 = FF7F00
| shorts1 = 000000
| socks1 = FF5500
| pattern_la2 = _macron19wb
| pattern_b2 = _macronkimah1wb
| pattern_ra2 = _macron19wb
| pattern_sh2 = _macrontempel1wb
| pattern_so2 = _band_black
| leftarm2 = FFFFFF
| body2 = FFFFFF
| rightarm2 = FFFFFF
| shorts2 = 000000
| socks2 = FFFFFF
}}
'''Rothes F.C.''' is a [[fitbaw]] team that plays thair gemmes at Mackessack Park in [[Rothes]], near tae [[Elgin, Moray|Elgin]]. They play in the {{Scottish football updater|Rothes}}.

{{Infraspeciesbox
| name               = Shallot
| genus = Allium | species = cepa | variety = aggregatum
| image              = Shallots-Whole.jpg
| image_caption      = Whole shallots
| authority = [[George Don|G.Don]]
}}
The '''shallot''' (''Allium cepa'' var. ''aggregatum'', or the ''A. cepa'' Aggregatum Group) is a [[variety (botany)|botanical variety]] o the species ''[[Allium cepa]]'', tae which the [[multiplier ingan]] an aa belangs.<ref>{{cite book |last=Fritsch |first=R. M. |coauthors=N. Friesen |editor=H. D. Rabinowitch and L. Currah |title=Allium Crop Science: Recent Advances |url=https://archive.org/details/alliumcropscienc00curr |chapter=Chapter 1: Evolution, Domestication, and Taxonomy |year=2002 |publisher=CABI Publishing |location=Wallingford, UK |isbn=0-85199-510-1 |page=[https://archive.org/details/alliumcropscienc00curr/page/21 21]}}</ref> The shallot wis umwhile clessifee'd as a separate species, ''A. ascalonicum'', a name nou considered a [[synonym]] o the [[correct name (botany)|currently acceptit name]].<ref>{{cite web |title=''Allium ascalonicum'' information |url=http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?404738 |work=[[Germplasm Resources Information Network]] |publisher=[[USDA]] |accessdate=2010-08-20 |archive-date=2010-05-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100530025450/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?404738 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The genus ''Allium'', which includes ingans an garlic as well as shallots, is nou clessifee'd in the plant faimily [[Amaryllidaceae]], but wis umwhile considered tae belang tae the separate faumily Alliaceae.

{{fixscots|date=Mairch 2021}}

{{fixscots|date=August 2021}}

'''Aviation''' is the design, development, production, operation, an uise o [[aircraft]], especially hivier-nor-air aircraft. The wird "Aviation" wis coined bi French writer an umwhile naval afficer Gabriel La Landelle in 1863, frae the verb "avier" (synonymous fleein), itself derived frae the Laitin wird "avis" ("bird") an the suffix "-ation".<ref>{{cite book|language=fr|last=Vreizh|first=Skol|title=Dictionnaire d’histoire de Bretagne|year=2008|location=Morlaix|isbn=978-2-915623-45-1|pages=77}}</ref>

{{chembox
| Watchedfields = chynged
| verifiedrevid = 476994545
| ImageFile = Potassium carbonate.svg
| ImageFile1 = Potassium-carbonate-xtal-3D-SF.png
| ImageFile2 = Potassium carbonate.jpg
| ImageSize = 
| IUPACName = Potassium carbonate
| OtherNames = Potash, pearl ash
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
|   ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 10949
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = BQN1B9B9HA
| InChI = 1/CH2O3.2K/c2-1(3)4;;/h(H2,2,3,4);;/q;2*+1/p-2
| InChIKey = BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-NUQVWONBAS
| SMILES = C(=O)([O-])[O-].[K+].[K+]
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/CH2O3.2K/c2-1(3)4;;/h(H2,2,3,4);;/q;2*+1/p-2
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L
| CASNo = 584-08-7
|    CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
|   PubChem = 11430
|   RTECS = TS7750000
  }}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
|   Formula = K<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>
|   MolarMass = 138.205 g/mol
|   Appearance = white, [[hygroscopic]]  solid
|   Density = 2.43 g/cm<sup>3</sup>
|   MeltingPtC = 891
|   BoilingPt = decomposes
|   Solubility = 112 g/100 mL (20 °C) <br> 156 g/100 mL (100 °C)
|   SolubleOther = insoluble in [[alcohol]], [[acetone]]
  }}
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards
|   ExternalMSDS = [http://www.inchem.org/documents/icsc/icsc/eics1588.htm ICSC 1588]
|   EUIndex = Not listed
|   LD50 = 1870 mg/kg<sup>−1</sup>
|   MainHazards = Irritant
|   RPhrases = {{R22}} {{R36}} {{R37}} {{R38}}
|   SPhrases = 
|   NFPA-H = 1
|   NFPA-F = 0
|   NFPA-R = 0
|   NFPA-O = 
|   FlashPt = Non-flammable
|   LD50 = 1870 mg/kg (oral, rat)<ref>http://chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/rn/584-08-7</ref>
  }}
| Section8 = {{Chembox Related
|   OtherAnions = [[Potassium bicarbonate]]
|   OtherCations = [[Lithium carbonate]]<br/>[[Sodium carbonate]]<br/>[[Rubidium carbonate]]<br/>[[Caesium carbonate]]
|   OtherCpds = [[Ammonium carbonate]]
  }}
}}
'''Potassium carbonate''' ([[Potassium|K<sub>2</sub>]][[Carbonate|CO<sub>3</sub>]]) is a white saut, [[soluble]] in [[watter]] (insoluble in [[ethanol]]<ref>http://www.researchgate.net/publication/231535294_Solubility_of_Potassium_Carbonate_and_Potassium_Hydrocarbonate_in_Methanol</ref>), which forms a strangly [[alkaline]] solution.

in [[2007]]]]
'''Patrick Bartholomew "Bertie" Ahern''' (born 12 September 1951) wis a politeecian in the [[Republic o Ireland]]. He wis [[Taoiseach]] frae 26 Juin 1997 tae 7 Mey 2008. He wis a memmer o the Erse pairlament in Dublin, representin the pairty [[Fianna Fáil]] an wis chief o his pairty.

{{italic title}}
{{taxobox
|name = Guava
|image = Psidium guajava fruit2.jpg
|image_caption = Guava (''[[Psidium guajava]]'')
|regnum = [[Plantae]]
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
|unranked_subclassis = [[Rosids]]
|ordo = [[Myrtales]]
|familia = [[Myrtaceae]]
|subfamilia = [[Myrtoideae]]
|tribus = [[Myrteae]]
|genus = '''''Psidium'''''
|genus_authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]<ref name="GRIN">{{cite web |url=http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/genus.pl?10034 |title=Genus: ''Psidium'' L. |work=Germplasm Resources Information Network |publisher=United States Department of Agriculture |date=2009-01-27 |accessdate=2010-03-03 |archive-date=2009-01-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090114230718/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/genus.pl?10034 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|synonyms = * ''Calyptropsidium'' <small>O.Berg</small>
* ''Corynemyrtus'' <small>(Kiaersk.) Mattos</small>
* ''Cuiavus'' <small>Trew</small>
* ''Episyzygium'' <small>Suess. & A.Ludw.</small>
* ''Guajava'' <small>Mill.</small>
* ''Guayaba'' <small>Noronha</small>
* ''Mitropsidium'' <small>Burret</small>
|synonyms_ref = <ref>{{cite web|url=http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/synonomy.do?name_id=166596|title=World Checklist of Selected Plant Families}}</ref>
|}}
'''''Psidium''''' is a group o trees an shrubs in the myrtle faimily, descrived as a genus bi Linnaeus in 1753.<ref>[http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/358489#page/482/mode/1up Linnaeus, Carl von. 1753.  Species Plantarum 1: 470] in Latin</ref><ref>[http://www.tropicos.org/Name/40018772 Tropicos, ''Psidium'' L.]</ref> It is native tae wairmer pairts o the Wastren Hemisphere ([[Mexico]], [[Central Americae|Central]] an [[Sooth Americae]], the [[Wast Indies]], [[Galápagos]], an the soothren [[Unitit States]]).<ref name=s>[http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/namedetail.do?name_id=166596 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families]</ref><ref>Govaerts, R., Sobral, N., Ashton, P., Barrie, F., Holst, B.K., Landrum, L.L., Matsumoto, K., Fernanda Mazine, F., Nic Lughadha, E., Proença, C. & al. (2008). World Checklist of Myrtaceae: 1-455. Kew Publishing, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. </ref><ref>Davidse, G., M. Sousa Sánchez, S. Knapp & F. Chiang Cabrera. 2009. Cucurbitaceae a Polemoniaceae. 4(1): i–xvi, 1–855. In G. Davidse, M. Sousa Sánchez, S. Knapp & F. Chiang Cabrera (eds.) Flora Mesoamericana. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México. </ref><ref>Landrum, L. R. & M. L. Kawasaki. 1997. The genera of Myrtaceae in Brazil: an illustrated synoptic treatment and identification keys. Brittonia 49(4): 508–536. </ref><ref>Sánchez-Vindas, P. E. 1989. Flora de Nicaragua: Myrtaceae. Brenesia 31: 53–73. </ref><ref>Sánchez-Vindas, P. E. 2001. ''Calycolpus, Eugenia, Myrcia, Myrcianthes, Myrciaria, Pimenta, Plinia, Psidium, Syzygium, Ugni.'' En: Stevens, W.D., C. Ulloa, A. Pool & O.M. Montiel (eds.), Flora de Nicaragua. Monographs in systematic botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 85(2): 1566, 1570–1574, 1575–1580. </ref><ref>[http://bonap.net/NAPA/TaxonMaps/Genus/County/Psidium Biota of North America Program, 2013 county distribution maps, genus ''Psidium'']</ref>

{{taxobox
|image = Weihnachtsstern - groß.jpg
|regnum = [[Plant]]ae
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Rosids]]
|ordo = [[Malpighiales]]
|familia = [[Euphorbiaceae]]
|genus = ''[[Euphorbia]]''
|species = '''''E. pulcherrima'''''
|binomial = ''Euphorbia pulcherrima''
|binomial_authority = Willd. ex Klotzsch
|}}

instead -->
| type                    = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment]]
| image_skyline           = Tulle Préfecture.jpg
| image_alt               = 
| image_caption           = [[Prefecturs in Fraunce|Prefectur]] biggin o the Corrèze depairtment, in [[Tulle]]
| image_flag              = 
| flag_alt                = 
| image_shield            = Blason département fr Corrèze.svg
| shield_alt              = 
| nickname                = 
| motto                   = 
| image_map               = Corrèze-Position.svg
| map_alt                 = 
| map_caption             = Location o Corrèze in Fraunce
| pushpin_map             = 
| pushpin_label_position  = 
| pushpin_map_alt         = 
| pushpin_map_caption     = 
| coordinates             = {{coord|45|20|N|1|50|E|region:FR_type:adm2nd_scale:2000000|display=inline,title}}
| coor_pinpoint           = 
| coordinates_footnotes   = 
| subdivision_type        = Kintra
| subdivision_name        = Fraunce
| subdivision_type1       = [[Regions o Fraunce|Region]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[Limousin (region)|Limousin]]
| established_title       = 
| established_date        = 
| founder                 = 
| seat_type               = [[Prefecturs in Fraunce|Prefectur]]
| seat                    = [[Tulle]]
| parts_type              = [[Subprefecturs in Fraunce|Subprefecturs]]
| parts_style             = para
| p1                      = [[Brive-la-Gaillarde]]<br>[[Ussel, Corrèze|Ussel]]
| government_footnotes    = 
| leader_party            = [[Socialist Pairty (Fraunce)|PS]]
| leader_title            = [[Preses o the general cooncil|Preses o the General Cooncil]]
| leader_name             = Gérard Bonnet
| unit_pref               = Metric<!-- or US or UK -->
| area_magnitude          = 
| area_footnotes          = {{ref|area|1}}
| area_total_km2          = 5857
| area_note               = 
| elevation_footnotes     = 
| elevation_m             = 
| elevation_min_m         = 
| elevation_max_m         = 
| population_footnotes    = 
| population_total        = 242038
| population_as_of        = 2007
| population_rank         = [[Leet o French depairtments bi population|80t]]
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_demonym      = 
| population_note         = 
| blank_name_sec1         = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment nummer]]
| blank_info_sec1         = 19
| blank_name_sec2         = [[Arrondissements o Fraunce|Arrondissements]]
| blank_info_sec2         = [[arrondissements o the Corrèze depairtment|3]]
| blank1_name_sec2        = [[Cantons in Fraunce|Cantons]]
| blank1_info_sec2        = [[cantons o the Corrèze depairtment|19]]
| blank2_name_sec2        = [[Communes in Fraunce|Communes]]
| blank2_info_sec2        = [[communes o the Corrèze depairtment|286]]
| timezone1               = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset1             = +1
| timezone1_DST           = [[Central European Simmer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset1_DST         = +2
| postal_code_type        = 
| postal_code             = 
| area_code_type          = 
| area_code               = 
| iso_code                = 
| website                 = 
| footnotes               = {{note|area|1}} French Land Register data, which exclude [[estuary|estuaries]], an lochs, ponds, an glaciers lairger nor 1&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>
}}
'''Corrèze''' ({{IPA-fr|kɔ.ʁɛz}}; {{lang-oc|Corresa}}) is a [[depairtments o Fraunce|depairtment]] in sooth-wastren Fraunce, named efter the [[Corrèze River]].

instead -->
| type                    = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment]]
| image_skyline           = 
| image_alt               = 
| image_caption           = 
| image_flag              = 
| flag_alt                = 
| image_shield            = Blason département fr Maine-et-Loire.svg
| shield_alt              = 
| nickname                = 
| motto                   = 
| image_map               = Maine-et-Loire-Position.svg
| map_alt                 = 
| map_caption             = Location o Maine-et-Loire in Fraunce
| pushpin_map             = 
| pushpin_label_position  = 
| pushpin_map_alt         = 
| pushpin_map_caption     = 
| coordinates             = {{coord|47|27|N|0|36|E|region:FR_type:adm2nd|display=inline}}
| coor_pinpoint           = 
| coordinates_footnotes   = 
| subdivision_type        = [[Leet o kintras|Kintra]]
| subdivision_name        = [[France]]
| subdivision_type1       = [[Regions o Fraunce|Region]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[Pays de la Loire]]
| established_title       = 
| established_date        = 
| founder                 = 
| seat_type               = [[Prefecturs in Fraunce|Prefectur]]
| seat                    = [[Angers]]
| parts_type              = [[Subprefecturs in Fraunce|Subprefecturs]]
| parts_style             = para
| p1                      = [[Cholet]]<br>[[Saumur]]<br>[[Segré]]
| government_footnotes    = 
| leader_party            = [[Union for a Popular Muivement|UMP]]
| leader_title            = [[Preses o the general cooncil|Preses o the General Cooncil]]
| leader_name             = [[Christophe Béchu]]
| unit_pref               = Metric<!-- or US or UK -->
| area_magnitude          = 
| area_footnotes          = {{ref|area|1}}
| area_total_km2          = 7166
| area_note               = 
| elevation_footnotes     = 
| elevation_m             = 
| elevation_min_m         = 
| elevation_max_m         = 
| population_footnotes    = 
| population_total        = 732942
| population_as_of        = 1999
| population_rank         = [[Leet o French depairtments bi population|27t]]
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_demonym      = 
| population_note         = 
| blank_name_sec1         = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment number]]
| blank_info_sec1         = 49
| blank_name_sec2         = [[Arrondissements o Fraunce|Arrondissements]]
| blank_info_sec2         = [[arrondissements o the Maine-et-Loire depairtment|4]]
| blank1_name_sec2        = [[Cantons in Fraunce|Cantons]]
| blank1_info_sec2        = [[cantons o the Maine-et-Loire depairtment|41]]
| blank2_name_sec2        = [[Communes in Fraunce|Communes]]
| blank2_info_sec2        = [[communes o the Maine-et-Loire depairtment|363]]
| timezone1               = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset1             = +1
| timezone1_DST           = [[Central European Simmer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset1_DST         = +2
| postal_code_type        = 
| postal_code             = 
| area_code_type          = 
| area_code               = 
| iso_code                = 
| website                 = 
| footnotes               = {{note|area|1}} French Land Register data, which exclude [[estuary|estuaries]], an lakes, ponds, an glaciers lairger than 1 km<sup>2</sup>
}}
'''Maine-et-Loire''' ({{IPA-fr|mɛn.e.lwaʁ}}) is a [[depairtments o Fraunce|depairtment]] in wast-central [[Fraunce]], in the [[Pays de la Loire]] region.

{{fixscots|date=October 2020}}

{{automatic taxobox
| name = Eumetazoans
| fossil_range = [[Ediacaran]] - [[Holocene|Present]], {{fossil range|635|0}}
| image = Animalia_diversity.jpg
| image_upright = 1.15
| image_caption = Diversity o eumetazoans
| taxon = Eumetazoa
| authority = [[Otto Bütschli|Buetschli]], 1910
| subdivision_ranks = [[Phylum|Phyla]]
| subdivision =
* [[Ctenophora]]''' 
* [[extinction|†]] [[Trilobozoa]]
* '''[[ParaHoxozoa]]''' (unranked)
** [[Placozoa]]
** [[Cnidaria]]
** '''[[Bilateria]]''' (unranked)
*** [[Xenacoelomorpha]]
*** †[[Proarticulata]]
*** '''[[Nephrozoa]]''' (unranked)
**** '''Superphylum [[Deuterostomia]]'''
***** [[Chordata]]
***** "[[Ambulacraria]]"
****** [[Hemichordata]]
****** [[Echinoderm]]ata
**** '''[[Protostomia]] (unranked)'''
***** '''Superphylum [[Ecdysozoa]]'''
****** [[Kinorhyncha]]
****** [[Loricifera]]
****** [[Priapulida]]
****** [[Nematoda]]
****** [[Nematomorpha]]
****** [[Onychophora]]
****** [[Tardigrada]]
****** [[Arthropoda]]
***** '''[[Spiralia]]''' (unranked)
****** [[Orthonectida]]
****** [[Rhombozoa]]
****** [[Chaetognatha]]
****** '''Superphylum [[Platyzoa]]'''
******* [[Platyhelminthes]]
******* [[Gastrotricha]]
******* [[Rotifera]]
******* [[Acanthocephala]]
******* [[Gnathostomulida]]
******* [[Micrognathozoa]]
******* [[Cycliophora]]
****** '''Superphylum [[Lophotrochozoa]]'''
******* [[Hyolitha]][[extinction|†]]
******* [[Nemertea]]
******* [[Phoronida]]
******* [[Bryozoa]]
******* [[Entoprocta]]
******* [[Brachiopoda]]
******* [[Mollusca]]
******* [[Annelida]]

{{infobox UK place| 
|official_name= Kincairdin
|gaelic_name= Cinn Chàrdainn
|english_name= Kincardine
|local_name=    
|country= Scotland 
|population= 3,035
|population_ref= <ref>{{cite web|publisher=Scotland's Census Results Online|title=Comparative Population Profile: Kincardine Locality|url=http://www.scrol.gov.uk/scrol/browser/profile.jsp?profile=Population&mainLevel=Locality&mainText=Kincardine&mainTextExplicitMatch=true&compLevel=CountryProfile&compArea=Scotland&compText=&compTextExplicitMatch=null|date=2001-04-29|accessdate=2012-01-26|archive-date=2003-04-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030405115504/http://www.scrol.gov.uk/scrol/browser/profile.jsp?profile=population|url-status=dead}}</ref> ([[United Kingdom Census 2001|2001 census]])
|os_grid_reference=     
|coordinates = {{coord|56.069|-3.719|display=inline,title}}
|post_town= ALLOA
|postcode_area= FK
|postcode_district= FK10
|dial_code= 01259
|constituency_westminster= [[Dunfermline an Wast Fife (UK Pairliament constituency)|Dunfermline an Wast Fife]]
|unitary_scotland= [[Fife]]
|lieutenancy_scotland= [[Fife]]
|constituency_scottish_parliament= [[Dunfermline (Scots Pairliament constituency)|Dunfermline]]
}}
'''Kincairdin''' ([[Scots Gaelic|Gaelic]]: ''Cinn Chàrdainn''<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.scottish.parliament.uk/Gaelic/placenamesK-O.pdf| title=Placenames| author=Iain Mac an Tàilleir| publisher=Scottish Parliament|format=PDF| accessdate=28 November 2011}}</ref>) or '''Kincardine-on-Forth''' is a smaa toun locatit on the north shore o the [[Firth o Forth]], in [[Fife]], [[Scotland]].

for living persons, {{dirth date|YYYY|MM|DD}} for deceased -->
| birth_place      = [[Nola]], [[Kinrick o Naples]]
| death_date       = 17 February {{death year and age|1600|1548}}
| death_place      = [[Roum]], [[Papal States]]
| death_cause      = [[Daith bi burnin|Burned at the stake]]
| residence        = 
| nationality      = 
| religion         = 
| alma_mater       = 
| notable_works    = <!-- use "notable_works" in place of "books" parameter (deprecated) -->
| awards           = 
| signature        = 
| signature_size   = 
| signature_alt    = 
| era              = [[Renaissance filosofie]]
| region           = [[Wastren Filosofie]]
| school_tradition = [[Renaissance Humanism]]<br>[[Neoplatonism]]
| institutions     = 
| main_interests   = Filosofie, [[Cosmology]], an [[Mathematics]]
| notable_ideas    = 
| influences       = [[Averroes]],<ref>{{cite book|title=The Concept of Contraction in Giordano Bruno's Philosophy|publisher=Ashgate Pub.|isbn=9780754652618|author=Leo Catana|date=2005|quote=When Bruno states in De la causa that matter provides the extension of particulars, he follows Averroes.}}</ref> [[Nicolaus Copernicus]], [[Nicholas o Cusa|Nicolaus Cusanus]]
| influenced       = [[James Joyce]], [[Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz]], [[Molière]],<ref>{{cite book|last=Bouvet|first=Molière ; avec une notice sur le théâtre au XVIIe siècle, une biographie chronologique de Molière, une étude générale de son oeuvre, une analyse méthodique du "Malade", des notes, des questions par Alphonse|title=Le malade imaginaire ; L'amour médecin.|date=1973|publisher=Bordas|location=Paris|isbn=2-04-006776-0|page=23}}</ref> [[Arthur Schopenhauer]], [[Baruch Spinoza]]
}}
'''Giordano Bruno''' ({{IPA-it|dʒorˈdano ˈbruno|lang}}; {{lang-la|Iordanus Brunus Nolanus}}; Januar 1548 – 17 February 1600 CE), born '''Filippo Bruno''', wis an Italian [[Dominican Order|Dominican]] [[friar]], [[philosopher]], [[mathematician]], [[poet]], an [[astrologer]].<ref>Bruno wis a mathematician an philosopher, but is nae considered an astronomer bi the modren astronomical commonty as thare is no record o him carryin oot pheesical observations, as ye hae wi Brahe, Kepler, an Galileo. Pogge, Richard W. http://www.astronomy.ohio-state.edu/~pogge/Essays/Bruno.html 1999.</ref>

{{Navbox
|name=Xinjiang topics
|state = {{{state<includeonly>|collapsed</includeonly>}}}
|title=[[Xinjiang]] topics
|listclass = hlist
|above = [[Ürümqi]] ([[Leet o current an umwhile caipitals o subnaitional entities o Cheenae|caipital]])
|below = {{icon|category}} '''[[:Category:Xinjiang|Category]]'''&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; '''[[commons:Category:Xinjiang|Commons]]'''
|evenstyle = background:#F4F0EC

{{fixscots}}
{{unsourced}}
{{taxobox
|image = White campion close 700.jpg
|image_caption = ''[[Silene latifolia]]'' (white campion)
|regnum = [[Plant]]ae
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Core eudicots]]
|ordo = [[Caryophyllales]]
|familia = [[Caryophyllaceae]]
|subfamilia = [[Caryophylloideae]]
|tribus = [[Sileneae]]
|genus = '''''Silene'''''
|genus_authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]
|subdivision_ranks = Species
|subdivision = Aboot 300 species, see text.
}}
'''''Silene''''' is a [[genus]] o [[flouerin plant]]s in the [[faimily (biology)|faimily]] [[Caryophyllaceae]]. Common names include '''campion''' (which is shared wi the relatit genus ''[[Lychnis]]'') an '''catchflee'''.

| subdivision_type1       = [[Autonomous_commonties_o_Spain|Autonomous commonty]]
| subdivision_name1       = {{flag|Catalonie}}
| subdivision_type2       = [[Provinces o Spain|Province]]
| subdivision_name2       = [[Province o Tarragona|Tarragona]]
| seat_type               = [[Caipital ceety|Caipital]]
| seat                    = [[Tarragona]]
| parts_type              = Municipalities
| parts_style             = list
| p1                      = [[Altafulla]], [[La Canonja]], [[El Catllar]], [[Constantí]], [[Creixell]], [[El Morell]], [[La Nou de Gaià]], [[Els Pallaresos]], [[Perafort]], [[La Pobla de Mafumet]], [[La Pobla de Montornès]], [[Renau]], [[La Riera de Gaià]], [[Roda de Barà]], [[Salomó]], [[Salou]], [[La Secuita]], [[Tarragona]], [[Torredembarra]], [[Vespella de Gaià]], [[Vila-seca]], [[Vilallonga del Camp]]
| leader_party            = 
| leader_title            = 
| leader_name             = 
| area_footnotes          = 
| area_total_km2          = 317.1
| elevation_footnotes     = 
| elevation_m             = 
| population_footnotes    = 
| population_total        = 181374
| population_as_of        = 2001
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_demonym      = &nbsp;
| population_note         = 
| blank_name_sec1         = [[Leet o municipalities o Spain|Lairgest municipality]]
| blank_info_sec1         = [[Tarragona]]
| timezone1               = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset1             = +1
| timezone1_DST           = [[Central European Simmer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset1_DST         = +2
| postal_code_type        = [[Leet o postal codes in Spain|Postal code]]
| postal_code             = 
| area_code_type          = [[Telephone nummers in Spain|Dialin code]]
| area_code               = 
| website                 = 
| footnotes               = 
}}

{{Year dab|1895}}
{{Year nav|1895}}
Year '''1895''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MDCCCXCV]]''') wis a [[common year stairtin on Tysday]] (airtin will display full calendar) o the [[Gregorian calendar]] an a [[common year stairtin on Sunday]] o the 12-day-slower [[Julian calendar]].

|
| image_map = Klaipeda city in Lithuania.svg
| image_flag = Klaipeda City Flag.svg
| image_shield = Klaipeda City Arms.svg
| subdivision_type = [[Leet o kintras|Kintra]]
| subdivision_name = {{LTU}}
| subdivision_name1= [[Lithuania minor]]
| subdivision_type1= [[Regions o Lithuanie|Ethnographic&nbsp;region]]
| subdivision_name2= [[Klaipėda Coonty]]
| subdivision_type2= [[Coonties o Lithuanie|Coonty]]
| subdivision_name3= Klaipėda ceety municipality
| subdivision_type3= [[Leet o municipalities o Lithuanie|Municipality]]
| subdivision_type6= [[Caipital (poleetical)|Caipital o]]
| subdivision_name6= [[Klaipėda Coonty]] <br> Klaipėda ceety municipality
| parts_type       = [[Elderships o Lithuanie|Elderships]]
| p1               = Melnragė an Giruliai
| parts_style      = para
| established_date = 1252
| established_title= First mentioned
| established_date2= 1254
| established_title2=Grantit [[Magdeburg richts|ceety richts]]
| population_total = 161,300
| population_footnotes=
| population_as_of = 2011
| area_total_km2=110
|timezone=[[Eastren European Time|EET]]
|utc_offset=+2
|timezone_DST=[[Eastren European Simmer Time|EEST]]
|utc_offset_DST=+3
|website=http://www.klaipeda.lt
}}

{{speciesbox
| name = Corrydander
| image = Coriandrum sativum - Köhler–s Medizinal-Pflanzen-193.jpg
| image_caption = Illustration o corrydander pairts
| genus = Coriandrum
| species = sativum
| authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]
}}
'''Corrydander''' (''Coriandrum sativum'') is an [[annual plant|annual]] [[yerb]] in the faimily [[Apiaceae]].

{{Fix Scots|date=Januar 2021}}
<br>[[Brandenburg Gate]], [[Berlin Internaitional Film Festival]],<br>[[East Side Gallery]] ([[Berlin Waw]]), [[Alte Nationalgalerie]],<br>[[Reichstag bigin]] (Bundestag)
}}
|state_coa=Coat of arms of Berlin.svg
|coa_size=70px
|map=Berlin in Germany and EU.png
|map_size=270px
|map_text=Location within [[European Union]] an Germany
|flag=Flag_of_Berlin.svg
|area=891.85
|area_source=
|population=3562166
|pop_ref=<ref name="Population11">{{cite web|url=https://www.statistik-berlin-brandenburg.de/BasisZeitreiheGrafik/Bas-Einwohnerregister.asp?Ptyp=300&Sageb=12041&creg=BBB&anzwer=11|title=Amt für Statistik Berlin Brandenburg|work=[[Amt für Statistik Berlin-Brandenburg]]|year=2014|accessdate=5 March 2015|language=German}}</ref>
|pop_date=December 2014
| elevation = 34
| demonym       = Berliner
| GDP           = 94.7
| GDP_year      = 2010
|GDP_ref=<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.berlin.de/imperia/md/content/sen-wirtschaft/konjunkturdaten/a_03.pdf?start&ts=1272613011&file=a_03.pdf|title=Bruttoinlandsprodukt (nominal) in BERLIN seit 1995|language=German|date=30 March 2010|accessdate=15 May 2011|archive-date=2011-06-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110612112055/http://www.berlin.de/imperia/md/content/sen-wirtschaft/konjunkturdaten/a_03.pdf?start&ts=1272613011&file=a_03.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| Website       = [http://www.berlin.de/international/index.en.php berlin.de]
|leader_title=[[Govrenin Mayor o Berlin|Govrenin Mayor]]
|leader= Michael Müller
|leader_party= SPD
|ruling_party1=[[Social Democratic Pairty o Germany|SPD]]
|ruling_party2=[[Christian Democratic Union (Germany)|CDU]]
|votes=4
|divisions=12 [[Boroughs an localities o Berlin|boroughs]]
| NUTS          = DE3
| State         = Berlin
| Vorwahl       = 030
| Kfz           = B<small> (for earlier signs see note)</small><ref>Prefixes for vehicle registration wur introducit in 1906, but aften chyngit due tae the poleetical chynges efter 1945. Vehicles wur registered unner the follaein prefixes: "I A" (1906– Aprile 1945; devalidatit on 11 August 1945); no prefix, anerlie digits (syne Julie till August 1945), "БГ" (=BG; 1945–1946, for caurs, lorries an busses), "ГФ" (=GF; 1945–1946, for caurs, lorries an busses), "БМ" (=BM; 1945–1947, for motor bikes), "ГМ" (=GM; 1945–1947, for motor bikes), "KB" (i.e.: [[Allied Kommandatura|Kommandatura]] of Berlin; for aw o Berlin 1947–1948, continued for [[Wast Berlin]] till 1956), "GB" (i.e.: Greater Berlin, for [[East Berlin]] 1948–1953), "I" (for East Berlin, 1953–1990), "B" (for Wast Berlin as o 1 Julie 1956, continued for aw o Berlin syne 1990).</ref> 
| iso region    = DE-BE
| PLZ           = 10001–14199
|coordinates   = {{coord|52|30|2|N|13|23|56|E|display=inline,title}}
| date          = September 2010
}}
'''Berlin''' is the [[caipital|caipital city]] o [[Germany]] an is ane o the 16 [[states o Germany]]. Wi a population o 3.45&nbsp;million fowk, Berlin is Germany's maistmuckle city. It is the seicont maist populous ceety proper an the seivent maist populous urban airt in the [[European Union]].

{{colorbox|#000000}}
|affiliations   = [[Association Aéronautique et Astronautique de France|3AF]], [[Conference o the Directors o French Ingineerin Schuils|CDEFI]], [[Erasmus Programme|Erasmus]], [[Institut au service du spatial, de ses applications et technologies|ISSAT]]
|website= [http://www.ipsa.fr www.ipsa.fr] 
|footnotes      =
}}
The '''Institut Polytechnique des Sciences Avancées''' ('''IPSA''') is a [[Fraunce|French]] private [[postgraduate eddication|postgraduate schuil]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.onisep.fr/Ressources/Univers-Postbac/Postbac/Ile-de-France/Val-de-Marne/Institut-polytechnique-des-sciences-avancees |title=IPSA - Institut polytechnique des sciences avancées |publisher=onisep.fr |date= |accessdate=2012-06-05 |language=fr |archive-date=2016-03-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303222900/http://www.onisep.fr/Ressources/Univers-Postbac/Postbac/Ile-de-France/Val-de-Marne/Institut-polytechnique-des-sciences-avancees |url-status=dead }}</ref> in [[aerospace ingineerin]] locatit at [[Ivry-sur-Seine]], [[Lyon]], [[Marseille]] an [[Toulouse]], recognised bi the French state syne 2010,<ref name="Arrêté">{{cite web|url=http://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/affichTexte.do?cidTexte=JORFTEXT000022180464&d |title=Arrêté du 14 avril 2010 portant reconnaissance par l'Etat de l'Institut polytechnique des sciences avancées |language=French |publisher=[[Légifrance]]}}</ref> whose diploma haes been accreditit bi the French [[Commission des Titres d'Ingénieur]] syne 2011.<ref name="CTI">{{cite web |url=http://extranet.cti-commission.fr/recherche/ListFormationShow/formation/1006 |title=Ingénieur diplômé de l'Institut polytechnique des sciences avancées Formation initiale sous statut d'étudiant |language=French |publisher=[[Commission des Titres d'Ingénieur|CTI]] |access-date=2014-12-06 |archive-date=2017-01-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170104162512/http://extranet.cti-commission.fr/recherche/ListFormationShow/formation/1006 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

]]
The '''exosphere''' ({{lang-grc|ἔξω}} {{lang|grc-Latn|''éxō''}} "ootside, freemit, ayont", {{lang-grc|σφαῖρα}} {{lang|grc-Latn|''sphaĩra''}} "sphere") is a thin, atmosphere-lik volume surroondin a [[planet]] or [[naitural satellite]] whaur [[molecule]]s are gravitationally boond tae that bouk, but whaur the density is too law for them tae behave as a gas bi [[pairticle collision|collidin]] wi ilk ither.<ref name="NASA-20150817">{{cite web |last=Steigerwald |first=William |title=NASA's LADEE Spacecraft Finds Neon in Lunar Atmosphere |url=http://www.nasa.gov/content/goddard/ladee-lunar-neon |date=17 August 2015 |publisher=[[NASA]] |accessdate=18 August 2015 }}</ref>

{{Fixscots}}
{{Stub}}

{{Fixscots}}
{{Stub}}

|subdivision_name1  = [[Sofia Ceety Province|Sofia Ceety]]
|leader_title       = [[Leet o mayors o Sofia|Mayor o Sofia]]
|leader_name        = [[Yordanka Fandakova]]
|established_title  = Settled&nbsp;by&nbsp;[[Thracians]]
|established_date   = as&nbsp;[[History o Sofia|Serdica]]&nbsp;[[7t century BC]]
|area_magnitude     =
|area_total_km2     = 492
|area_land_km2      =
|area_water_km2     =
|area_metro_km2     =
|population_as_of   = Census 2011 (Ceety an Urban),<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.nsi.bg/EPDOCS/Census2011final.pdf |title=Census 2011 |access-date=2012-01-23 |archive-date=2013-07-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130727085038/http://www.nsi.bg/EPDOCS/Census2011final.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref><br />Forecast 2011 (Metro)<ref>[http://eurometrex.org/Docs/Meetings/Barcelona_2004/Presentations/Georgette_RAFAILOVA_Sofia.pdf eurometrex.org] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120402192611/http://eurometrex.org/Docs/Meetings/Barcelona_2004/Presentations/Georgette_RAFAILOVA_Sofia.pdf |date=2012-04-02 }}, Sofia Metro Aurie (1,280,000 in 2001 an 1,450,000 in 2020, equal tae 1,370,000 in 2011); Sofia Metro Region (1,435,000 in 2001 an 1,540,000 in 2020, equal tae 1,490,000 in 2011)</ref>
|population footnotes =
|population_note    =
|population_total   = 1,232,088 	
|population_density_km2 = 944
|population_urban   = 1,291,591 
|population_metro   = 1,370,000 (Metro aurie)
|timezone           = [[Eastren European Time|EET]]
|utc_offset         = +2
|timezone_DST       = [[Eastren European Simmer Time|EEST]]
|utc_offset_DST     = +3
|coordinates        = {{coord|42|42|N|23|20|E|region:BG|display=inline,title}}
|elevation_m        = 550
|postal_code_type   = Postal code
|postal_code        = 1000
|area_code          = (+359) 02
|website            = [http://www.sofia.bg/en/index_en.asp www.Sofia.bg]
|footnotes          =
|motto              = Расте, но не старее<br />(Grows but Does no Age)<ref>{{cite web
     |url = http://www.sofia.bg/en/display.asp?ime=sofia
     |title = Sofia Trough Centuries
     |publisher = Sofia Municipality
     |accessdate = 2009-10-16
     |archive-date = 2009-08-19
     |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090819151030/https://www.sofia.bg/en/display.asp?ime=sofia
     |url-status = dead
     }}</ref>}}

{{fixscots}}
{{taxobox
|name = Marjoram
|image = Origanum majorana.jpg
|regnum = [[Plant]]ae
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Asterids]]
|ordo = [[Lamiales]]
|familia = [[Lamiaceae]]
|genus = ''[[Origanum]]''
|species = '''''O. majorana'''''
|binomial = ''Origanum majorana''
|binomial_authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?25912 |title=Origanum majorana information from NPGS/GRIN |publisher=ars-grin.gov |accessdate=2008-03-08 |archive-date=2013-06-26 |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6HfXNu3ZL?url=http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?25912 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
}}
'''Marjoram''' ('''''[[Origanum]] majorana''''', syn. ''Majorana hortensis'' Moench, ''Majorana majorana'' (L.) H. Karst<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxgenform.pl?language=en |title=Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN) |accessdate=2011-11-23 |archive-date=2011-04-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110406094045/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxgenform.pl?language=en |url-status=dead }}</ref>) is a somwhit cauld-sensitive [[perennial plant|perennial]] [[yerb]] or unnershrub wi sweet [[pine]] an [[citrus]] flavours.

| term_start2   = Mairch 27, 1958
| term_end2     = October 14, 1964
| predecessor2  = [[Nikolai Bulganin]]
| successor2    = [[Alexei Kosygin]]
|birth_name=Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev
| birth_date    = {{birth date|1894|4|15|mf=y}}
| birth_place   = [[Kalinovka, Khomutovsky Destrict, Kursk Oblast|Kalinovka]], [[Dmitriyevsky Uyezd]], [[Kursk Govrenorate]], [[Roushie Empire]]
| death_date    = {{Death date and age|1971|9|11|1894|4|15|mf=y}}
| death_place   = [[Moscow]], [[Roushie SFSR]], [[Soviet Union]]
| alma_mater    = [[Industrial Academy (Moscow)|Industrial Academy]]
| spouse        =
  {{plainlist |
* Yefrosinia Khrushcheva (1916–1919, died)
* Marusia Khrushcheva (1922, separatit)
* [[Nina Petrovna Khrushcheva|Nina Kukharchuk (Khrushcheva)]] (1923–1971, survived as widow)
  }}
| children      =
  {{plainlist |
* Yulia (1915)
* [[Leonid Khrushchev|Leonid]] (1917)
* Rada (1929)
* [[Sergei Khrushchev|Sergei]] (1935)
* Elena (1937)
  }}
| party         = [[Communist Pairty o the Soviet Union]]
| signature     = Nikita Khrushchev Signature2.svg
| signature_alt = A scrawled "Н Хрущёв"
|allegiance = [[Soviet Union]]
|branch = [[Reid Airmy]]
|serviceyears = 1941–1945
|rank = [[Lieutenant General]]
|commands = [[Soviet Airmed Forces]]
|battles = [[Warld War II]]
|awards ={{Hero of the Soviet Union}}   <br>   <br>   <br>   
|footnotes =
}}
'''Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev'''{{efn
|name = pronunciation |
{{lang-ru|Ники́та Серге́евич Хрущёв}},
{{IPA-ru|nʲɪˈkʲitə sʲɪrˈɡʲejɪvʲɪtɕ xrʊˈɕːɵf||Ru-Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev.oga}}
}} ({{OldStyleDate|April 15|1894|April 3}}&nbsp;– September 11, 1971) wis a Roushie politeecian who led the [[Soviet Union]] during pairt o the [[Cauld War]] as the [[First Secretar o the Communist Pairty o the Soviet Union|First Secretar]] o the [[Communist Pairty o the Soviet Union]] frae 1953 tae 1964, an as [[Premier o the Soviet Union|Chairman]] o the [[Cooncil o Meenisters o the Soviet Union|Cooncil o Meenisters]], or Premier, from 1958 tae 1964. Khrushchev wis responsible for the [[de-Stalinisation]] o the Soviet Union, for backin the progress o the early [[Soviet space programme]], an for several relatively leeberal reforms in auries o domestic policy. Khrushchev's pairty colleagues remuived him from pouer in 1964, replacin him wi [[Leonid Brezhnev]] as First Secretar an [[Alexei Kosygin]] as Premier.

<br />1933: {{convert|2845|mm|in|1|abbr=on}}<br />1934: {{convert|2845|mm|in|1|abbr=on}}
| layout       = [[FR layout]]
| length       = 
| width        = 
| height       = 
| assembly     = see list below
| weight       = 
| aka          = 
| related      = [[Ford Model Y]]<br />[[Ford Köln]]<br />[[Ford Rheinland]]<br />[[GAZ-M1]]
| designer     = 
}}

'''Shamanism''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|ʃ|ɑː|m|ə|n}} {{respell|SHAH|mən}} or {{IPAc-en|ˈ|ʃ|eɪ|m|ə|n}} {{respell|SHAY|mən}}) is a practice that involves a practitioner reachin [[altered state o consciousness|altered states o consciousness]] in order tae encoonter an interact wi the spirit warld an channel these transcendental energies intae this warld.<ref>[[#Hop87|Hoppál 1987]].  p. 76.</ref>

{{Speciesbox
| image = Allium ursinum0.jpg
|image_caption='''''Allium ursinum'''''
|name= Bear garlic
| authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]
|synonyms=
{{collapsible list|bullets = true
|title=<small>Species synonymy</small>
|''[[Aglitheis ursina]]'' <small>(L.) Raf.</small>
|''[[Allium latifolium]]'' <small>Gilib.</small>
|''[[Allium longipetiolatum]]'' <small>St.-Lag.</small>
|''[[Allium nemorale]]'' <small>Salisb.</small>
|''[[Allium petiolatum]]'' <small>Lam.</small>
|''[[Allium ucrainicum]]'' <small>(Oksner & Kleopow) Bordz.</small>
|''[[Allium ursinoides]]'' <small>G.Don ex Sweet</small>
|''Allium ursinum'' subsp. ''ucrainicum'' <small>Oksner & Kleopow</small>
|''Allium ursinum'' var. ''ucrainicum'' <small>(Oksner & Kleopow) Soó</small>
|''Allium ursinum'' subsp. ''ucrainicum'' <small>Kleop. & Oxner</small>
|''[[Allium vincetoxicum]]'' <small>Pall. ex Ledeb.</small>
|''[[Cepa ursina]]'' <small>(L.) Bernh.</small>
|''[[Geboscon ursinum]]'' <small>(L.) Raf.</small>
|''[[Hylogeton ursinum]]'' <small>(L.) Salisb.</small>
|''[[Moly latifolium]]'' <small>(Gilib.) Gray</small>
|''[[Ophioscorodon ursinum]]'' (<small>L.) Wallr.</small>
}}
|synonyms_ref=<ref>[http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/synonomy.do?name_id=296893 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families]</ref>
}}
'''''Allium ursinum''''' ('''ramps''') is a wild relative o [[chives]] hamelt in [[Europe]] an [[Aisie]].<ref>[http://pgrc3.agr.ca/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?2413 GRIN-CA] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190112002519/http://pgrc3.agr.ca/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?2413 |date=2019-01-12 }}, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada</ref>

'''2016 Bafta awairds''' is the 69t insaumple o the [[Bafta awairds]]. It happent on the 14t o Feberweer 2016, gien awairds fur films oot in 2015. the [[Ryal Opera Hoose]] in [[London]] an [[Stephen Fry]] wis the promotor fur the 11t time. [[The Revenant (2015 film)|The Revenant]] won the prize fur Best Film an [[Brooklyn (2015 film)[Brooklyn]] won the prize fur Best British Film.

| birth_place	= [[Freihung|Schickenhof]], [[German Empire]]
| death_date	= {{death date and age|1957|6|21|1874|4|15|df=y}}
| death_place	= [[Traunstein]], [[West Germany]]
| nationality	= [[Germany]]
| field		= [[Pheesics]]
| workplaces    = [[Varsity o Göttingen]]<br>[[Leibniz Varsity o Hannover|Technische Hochschule, Hannover]]<br>[[RWTH Aachen|Technische Hochschule, Aachen]]<br>[[Varsity o Greifswald]]<br>[[Varsity o Würzburg]]
| alma_mater	=  [[Varsity o Munich]]
| doctoral_advisor =  [[Eugen von Lommel]]
| doctoral_students= <!--please insert-->
| known_for 	= [[Stark effect]]
| prizes	= [[Matteucci Medal]] <small>(1915)</small><br>[[Nobel Prize in Pheesics]] <small>(1919)</small>
}}
'''Johannes Stark''' ({{IPA-de|joˈhanəs ʃtaʁk}}, 15 Aprile 1874 – 21 Juin 1957) wis a [[German fowk|German]] [[pheesics|pheesicist]] an [[Nobel Prize in Pheesics|Pheesics Nobel Prize]] laureate, wha wis closely involved wi the ''[[Deutsche Physik]]'' muivement unner the [[Nazi regime]].

'''Kannada''' is a leid for [[Indie]] along wi [[Telugu leid|telugu]].

{{fixscots|date=Februar 2021}}

{{fixscots|date=Januar 2021}}

{{taxobox
|image = Yarrow (Achillea millefolium).jpg
|image_caption = Stainch-gress on [[Janče]] hill, [[Slovenia]]
|regnum = [[Plantae]]
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Asterids]]
|ordo = [[Asterales]]
|familia = [[Asteraceae]]
|genus = ''[[Achillea]]''
|species = '''''A. millefolium'''''
|binomial = ''Achillea millefolium''
|binomial_authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]
|synonyms_ref=
|synonyms={{collapsible list|bullets = true
|title=<small>Synonymy</small>
|''Achillea albida'' <small>Willd.</small>
|''Achillea alpicola'' <small>(Rydb.) Rydb.</small> 
|''Achillea ambigua'' <small>Boiss.</small>
|''Achillea ambigua'' <small>Pollini</small>
|''Achillea anethifolia'' <small>Fisch. ex Herder</small> 
|''Achillea angustissima'' <small>Rydb.</small>
|''Achillea arenicola'' <small>A.Heller</small>
|''Achillea bicolor'' <small>Wender.</small> 
|''Achillea borealis'' <small>Bong.</small>
|''Achillea californica'' <small>Pollard 	</small>
|''Achillea ceretanica'' <small>Sennen</small> 
|''Achillea compacta'' <small>Lam.</small>
|''Achillea coronopifolia'' <small>Willd.</small>
|''Achillea crassifolia'' <small>Colla</small>
|''Achillea cristata'' <small>Hort. ex DC.</small>
|''Achillea dentifera'' <small>Rchb.</small>
|''Achillea eradiata'' <small>Piper</small>
|''Achillea fusca'' <small>Rydb.</small>
|''Achillea gigantea'' <small>Pollard</small> 
|''Achillea gracilis'' <small>Raf.</small>
|''Achillea haenkeana'' <small>Tausch</small> 
|''Achillea intermedia'' <small>Schleich.</small>
|''Achillea lanata'' <small>Lam.</small>
|''Achillea lanulosa'' <small>Nutt.</small>
|''Achillea laxiflora'' <small>A.Nelson</small> 
|''Achillea laxiflora'' <small>Pollard & Cockerell</small> 
|''Achillea magna'' <small>All.</small> 
|''Achillea magna'' <small>L.</small>
|''Achillea magna'' <small>Haenke</small>
|''Achillea marginata'' <small>Turcz. ex Ledeb.</small>
|''Achillea nabelekii'' <small>Heimerl 	</small>
|''Achillea occidentalis'' <small>(DC.) Raf. ex Rydb.</small>
|''Achillea ochroleuca'' <small>Eichw.</small> 
|''Achillea ossica'' <small>K.Koch</small>
|''Achillea pacifica'' <small>Rydb.</small>
|''Achillea palmeri'' <small>Rydb.</small>
|''Achillea pecten-veneris'' <small>Pollard</small> 
|''Achillea pratensis'' <small>Saukel & R.Länger</small>
|''Achillea pseudo-tanacetifolia'' <small>Wierzb. ex Rchb.</small>
|''Achillea puberula'' <small>Rydb.|</small>
|''Achillea pumila'' <small>Schur</small>
|''Achillea rosea'' <small>Desf.</small>
|''Achillea setacea'' <small>Schwein.</small>
|''Achillea sordida'' <small>(W.D.J.Koch) Dalla Torre & Sarnth.</small>
|''Achillea subalpina'' <small>Greene</small>
|''Achillea submillefolium'' <small>Klokov & Krytzka</small>
|''Achillea sylvatica'' <small>Becker</small> 
|''Achillea tanacetifolia'' <small>Mill.</small>
|''Achillea tenuifolia'' <small>Salisb.</small> 
|''Achillea tenuis'' <small>Schur</small>
|''Achillea tomentosa'' <small>Pursh 1813 not L. 1753</small> 
|''Achillea virgata'' <small>Hort. ex DC.</small>
|''Achillios millefoliatus'' <small>St.-Lag.</small> 
|''Alitubus millefolium'' <small>(L.) Dulac</small>
|''Alitubus tomentosus'' <small>Dulac</small>
|''Chamaemelum millefolium'' <small>(L.) E.H.L.Krause</small>
|''Chamaemelum tanacetifolium'' <small>(All.) E.H.L.Krause</small> 
|''Chamaemelum tomentosum'' <small>(L.) E.H.L.Krause</small>
|plus mony mair names for subspecies, forms, an varieties
}}}}
'''''Achillea millefolium''''', commonly kent as '''stainch-gress''', '''dug-finkle''' or '''thoosand-leaft claver''', is a [[flouerin plant]] in the [[faimily (biology)|faimily]] [[Asteraceae]]. It is [[native plant|native]] tae [[temperateness|temperate]] regions o the Northren Hemisphere in Asie, Europe, an North Americae.<ref name="S&S">{{cite book|title=Simon & Schuster's Guide to Herbs and Spices |url=https://archive.org/details/simonschustersgu0000simo |editor=Stanley Schuler |isbn=0-671-73489-X |author =Gualtiero Simonetti |year=1990 |publisher=Simon & Schuster, Inc}}</ref>

{{taxobox
| name = Wasabi
| image = Wasabia_japonica_4.JPG
| image_caption = Wasabi
| regnum = [[Plantae]]
| unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
| unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
| unranked_ordo = [[Rosids]]
| ordo = [[Brassicales]]
| familia = [[Brassicaceae]]
| genus = '''''Wasabia'''''
| species = '''''W. japonica'''''
| binomial = ''Wasabia japonica''
| binomial_authority = [[Ninzo Matsumura|Matsum.]]
}}
{{nihongo|'''Wasabi'''|わさび（山葵）||oreeginally {{lang|ja|和佐比}}; ''Wasabia japonica'' or ''Eutrema japonica''}},<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?404759|title=Eutrema japonica (Miq.) Koidz.|publisher=Germplasm Resources Information Network, USDA|access-date=2014-04-28|archive-date=2013-05-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130512140237/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?404759#syn|url-status=dead}}</ref> is a member o the [[Brassicaceae]] faimily, that includes [[cabbitch]]es, [[reidcoll]], an [[Mustart plant|mustart]].

{{Fix Scots|date=August 2022}}

, an auncient volcanic plug aff the sooth-wast coast o [[Scotland]]]]
an island]]
An '''island''' (spelt '''iland''' or '''eiland''' anaw) ([[IPA|pronounced]]: [/ˈaɪlənd/]) or '''isle''' ([[IPA|pronounced]]: [/ˈaɪl/]) is onie bit o laund that is hailie surroondit by wattir in twa dimensions, abuin heich tyd, an isolate frae ither signeeficant laundmasses. Gey smaw islands sic as emergent laund featurs on [[atoll]]s is cried '''[[inch]]es'''. A '''quay''' or [[cay]] is anither name for a smaw island or islet. An island in a river or loch micht can be cried an [[ait|eyot]], ([[IPA|pronounced]]:[/ˈaɪət/]).
Thar's twa main kynds o islands: '''continental islands''' an '''oceanic islands'''. Thar's [[artifeecial island]]s anaw. A groupin o geograficalie an/or geologicalie sib islands is cried an [[archipelago]].

The '''Strait o Gibraltar''' ([[Arabic leid|Arabic]]: مضيق جبل طارق, {{lang-es|Estrecho de Gibraltar}}) is a narrae [[strait]] that connects the [[Atlantic Ocean]] tae the [[Mediterranean Sea]] an separates [[Gibraltar]] an [[Spain]] in [[Europe]] frae [[Morocco]] in [[Africae]].

</ref>
| founder =
| country =
| location_city = [[Whitley, Coventry]]
| location_country = Unitit Kinrick<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/holnus/006200806021860.htm|title=Tata completes JLR buyout; appoints David Smith as CEO|accessdate=10 March 2011|newspaper=The Hindu|date=2 June 2008|archive-date=2012-02-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120224041946/http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/holnus/006200806021860.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| key_people = Ralf Speth (CEO) <br />John Edwards (Global Brand Director)<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.media.landrover.com/php/biographies.php?biography_id=178 |title=Global Brand Director, Land Rover: John Edwards |publisher=media.landrover.com |accessdate=10 March 2011}}</ref>
| industry = [[Automotive]]
| products = Automobiles
| company_slogan =
| revenue =
| net_income
| operating_income =
| num_employees =
| owner = [[Tata Motors]]
| parent = [[Jaguar Land Rover]]
| homepage = {{URL|www.landrover.com}}
}}

|
| image_map = Klaipeda city in Lithuania.svg
| image_flag = Klaipeda City Flag.svg
| image_shield = Klaipeda City Arms.svg
| subdivision_type = [[Leet o kintras|Kintra]]
| subdivision_name = {{LTU}}
| subdivision_name1= [[Lithuania minor]]
| subdivision_type1= [[Regions o Lithuanie|Ethnographic&nbsp;region]]
| subdivision_name2= [[Klaipėda Coonty]]
| subdivision_type2= [[Coonties o Lithuanie|Coonty]]
| subdivision_name3= Klaipėda ceety municipality
| subdivision_type3= [[Leet o municipalities o Lithuanie|Municipality]]
| subdivision_type6= [[Caipital (poleetical)|Caipital o]]
| subdivision_name6= [[Klaipėda Coonty]] <br> Klaipėda ceety municipality
| parts_type       = [[Elderships o Lithuanie|Elderships]]
| p1               = Melnragė an Giruliai
| parts_style      = para
| established_date = 1252
| established_title= First mentioned
| established_date2= 1254
| established_title2=Grantit [[Magdeburg richts|ceety richts]]
| population_total = 161,300
| population_footnotes=
| population_as_of = 2011
| area_total_km2=110
|timezone=[[Eastren European Time|EET]]
|utc_offset=+2
|timezone_DST=[[Eastren European Simmer Time|EEST]]
|utc_offset_DST=+3
|website=http://www.klaipeda.lt
}}

{{stub/Ainimal}}

{{chembox
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 464365162
| Name = Benzene
| ImageFileL1_Ref = {{chemboximage|correct|??}}
| ImageFileL1 = Benzene geometrie.svg
| ImageNameL1 = Skeletal formula detail o benzene
| ImageSizeL1 = 120px
| ImageFileR1 = Benzene-xtal-3D-vdW.png
| ImageNameR1 = Stack o benzene baw-an-stick model
| ImageSizeR1 = 150px
| ImageFile2 = Solid benzene.png
| ImageName2 = Frozen benzene
| ImageSize2 = 200px
| IUPACName = Benzene
| SystematicName = Cyclohexa-1,3,5-triene
| OtherNames = 1,3,5-Cyclohexatriene, Benzol, Phene
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
  | CASNo = 71-43-2
  | CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
  | PubChem = 241
  | ChemSpiderID = 236
  | ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
  | UNII = J64922108F
  | UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
  | KEGG = C01407
  | KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}}
  | ChEBI = 16716
  | ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
  | ChEMBL = 277500
  | ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
  | RTECS = CY1400000
  | SMILES = c1ccccc1
  | EINECS = 200-753-7
  | InChI = 1/C6H6/c1-2-4-6-5-3-1/h1-6H
  | InChIKey = UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYAH
  | StdInChI = 1S/C6H6/c1-2-4-6-5-3-1/h1-6H
  | StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
  | StdInChIKey = UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
  | StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
  }}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
  | C=6|H=6
  | Appearance = Colourless liquid
  | Odor = Aromatic, petrol-like
  | Density = 0.8765(20) g/cm<sup>3</sup><ref name="handbook13">{{RubberBible86th}}</ref>
  | Solubility = 1.53 g/L (0 °C)<br> 1.81 g/L (9 °C)<br> 1.79 g/L (15 °C)<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Arnold |first1=D. |last2=Plank |first2=C. |last3=Erickson |first3=E. |last4=Pike |first4=F. |title=Solubility of Benzene in Water |year=1958 |journal=Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Chemical & Engineering Data Series |volume=3 |issue=2 |page=253 |doi=10.1021/i460004a016}}</ref><!--1st ref is most comprehensive but is paywalled---><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Breslow |first1=R. |last2=Guo |first2=T. |title=Surface tension measurements show that chaotropic salting-in denaturants are not just water-structure breakers |year=1990 |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |volume=87 |issue=1 |pages=167–9 |pmid=2153285 |pmc=53221 |doi=10.1073/pnas.87.1.167|bibcode = 1990PNAS...87..167B }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Coker |first1=A. Kayode |last2=Ludwig |first2=Ernest E. |title=Ludwig's Applied Process Design for Chemical And Petrochemical Plants |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=N8RcH8juG_YC&pg=PA114 |accessdate=2012-05-31 |volume=1 |year=2007 |publisher=Elsevier |isbn=0-7506-7766-X |page=114}}</ref><br> 1.84 g/L (30 °C)<br> 2.26 g/L (61 °C)<br> 3.94 g/L (100 °C)<br> 21.7 g/kg (200 °C, 6.5 MPa)<br> 17.8 g/kg (200 °C, 40 MPa)<ref name=chemister>http://chemister.ru/Database/properties-en.php?dbid=1&id=644</ref>
  | SolubleOther = Soluble in [[alcohol]], [[chloroform|CHCl<sub>3</sub>]], [[carbon tetrachloride|CCl<sub>4</sub>]], [[diethyl ether]], [[acetone]], [[acetic acid]]<ref name=chemister />
| Solubility1 = 5.83 g/100 g (20 °C)<br> 6.61 g/100 g (40 °C)<br> 7.61 g/100 g (60 °C)<ref name=chemister />
| Solvent1 = ethanediol
| Solubility2 = 20 °C, solution in water:<br> 1.2 mL/L (20% v/v)<ref name=sioc>{{cite book|last = Seidell|first = Atherton|last2 = Linke|first2 = William F.|year = 1952|title = Solubilities of Inorganic and Organic Compounds|publisher = Van Nostrand|url = [http://books.google.com/books?id=k2e5AAAAIAAJ Google Books]|accessdate = 2014-05-29}}</ref>
| Solvent2 = ethanol
| Solubility3 = 20 °C, solution in water:<br> 7.69 mL/L (38.46% v/v)<br> 49.4 mL/L (62.5% v/v)<ref name=sioc />
| Solvent3 = acetone
| Solubility4 = 52 g/100 g (20 °C)<ref name=chemister />
| Solvent4 = diethylene glycol
  | MeltingPtC = 5.53
  | BoilingPtC = 80.1
  | Viscosity = 0.7528 [[Poise|cP]] (10 °C)<br> 0.6076 cP (25 °C)<br> 0.4965 cP (40 °C)<br> 0.3075 cP (80 °C)
  | LambdaMax = 255 nm
  | RefractIndex = 1.5011 (20 °C)<br> 1.4948 (30 °C)<ref name=chemister />
  | LogP = 2.13
  | MagSus = 54.8·10<sup>−6</sup> cm<sup>3</sup>/mol
| VaporPressure = 12.7 kPa (25 °C)<br> 24.4 kPa (40 °C)<br> 181 kPa (100 °C)<ref name=nist>{{nist|name=Benzene|id=C71432|accessdate=2014-05-29|mask=FFFF|units=SI}}</ref>
  }}
| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure
| MolShape = Tetrahedral
| Dipole = 0 [[Debye|D]]
 }}
| Section4 = {{Chembox Thermochemistry
  | DeltaHf = 48.7 kJ/mol
  | HeatCapacity = 134.8 J/mol·K
  | Entropy = 173.26 J/mol·K<ref name=nist />
| DeltaHc = 3267.6 kJ/mol<ref name=nist />
 }}
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards
  | ExternalMSDS = [http://www.hmdb.ca/system/metabolites/msds/000/001/365/original/HMDB01505.pdf?1358893540 HMDB]
|   GHSPictograms = {{GHS02}}{{GHS06}}{{GHS08}}<ref name="sigma">[[Sigma-Aldrich|Sigma-Aldrich Co.]], [http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/sial/401765 Benzene]. Retrieved on 2014-05-29.</ref>
| GHSSignalWord = Danger
|   HPhrases = {{H-phrases|225|304|315|319|340|350|372}}<ref name="sigma" />
|   PPhrases = {{P-phrases|201|210|301+310|305+351+338|308+313|331}}<ref name="sigma" />
  | FlashPtC = −11.63
  | AutoignitionPtC = 497.78
  | ExploLimits = 1.2–7.8%
  | EUClass = {{Hazchem F}} {{Hazchem T+}}<br> [[Carcinogen|Carc. Cat. 1]]<br> [[Mutagen|Muta. Cat. 2]]
  | NFPA-H = 3
  | NFPA-F = 3
  | NFPA-R = 0
  | RPhrases = {{R45}}, {{R46}}, {{R11}}, {{R16}}, {{R36/38}},{{R48/23/24/25}}, {{R65}}
  | SPhrases = {{S53}}, {{S45}}
  | LD50 = 930 mg/kg (rat, oral)
  }}
| Section8 = {{Chembox Related
  | OtherCpds = [[Toluene]]<br> [[Borazine]]
  }}
}}
'''Benzene''' is an [[organic compoond|organic]] [[chemical compoond]] wi the molecular formula [[Carbon|C]]<sub>6</sub>[[Hydrogen|H]]<sub>6</sub>. The benzene molecule is componed o sax caurbon atoms jynt in a ring wi ane hydrogen atom attached tae ilk. As it conteens anerly caurbon an hydrogen atoms, benzene is clessed as a [[hydrocaurbon]].

'''Apulia'''<ref>From [[Greek leid|Greek]] Ἀπουλία; in {{lang-it|Puglia}} {{IPA-it|ˈpuʎʎa|pron}} (Demonym: ''Pugliese'').</ref> is a region in [[Soothren Italy]] borderin the [[Adriatic Sea]] in the east, the [[Ionian Sea]] tae the sootheast, an the [[Strait o Otranto]] an [[Gulf o Taranto]] in the sooth.  Its maist soothren portion, kent as [[Salento]] peninsulae, forms a heich heel on the "buit" o [[Italy]].  The region comprises {{convert|19345|sqkm|sqmi|0}}, an its population is aboot 4.1 million.  It is bordered bi the ither Italian regions o [[Molise]] tae the north, [[Campanie]] tae the wast, an [[Basilicata]] tae the soothwast.  It neighbours [[Greece]] an [[Albanie]], athort the Ionian an Adriatic Seas, respectively.  The region extends as far north as [[Monte Gargano]], an wis the scene o the last stages in the [[Seicont Punic War]].

{{fixscots|date=October 2020}}

'''Laird''' is a teetle wi monie meanins. It can denote a [[prince]] or a feudal superior (specially a feudal tenant that hauds direct fae the king, i.e., a [[baron]]). The teetle the day is for ordinar uised thegither wi the [[peerage o the Unitit Kinrick]] or its fore-gaun kintras, altho some uisers o the teetle disna thaimsels haud peerages, an uise it 'bi courtesy'. The teetle micht  be uised an aw thegither wi ithers for tae denote a superior beirer o an itherwice generic teetle, in sic combinations as "[[Laird Mayor]]" or "[[Laird Chief Juistice]]". The teetle is by men an weemen—the [[Laird o Mann]] an female Laird Mayors is ensaumples o weemen that's styled 'laird'.

Plants that growes in the sea. Aften kent as [[dilse]], [[slake]], [[tang]], [[Ware (plaunt)|ware]] an [[wrack]].<gallery>
File:Ascophyllum nodosum.jpg|alt=Yellae tang|Yellae tang
File:Chorda filum (laisse marine).JPG|alt=Mardrew|Mardrew
File:Palmaria palmata.jpg|alt=Dilse|Dilse
File:Pelvetia canaliculata.jpg|alt=Cowe-tang|Cowe-tang
File:Ulva lactuca.jpeg|alt=Slake kail|Slake kail
File:Eelgrass (Zostera marina) - iNaturalist.org(1).jpg|alt=Sea-ware|Sea-ware
File:FMIB 52412 Enteromorpha intestinalis.jpeg|alt=Watter puddins|Watter puddins
File:Red algae (Gracilaria sp.) (48737220543).jpg|alt=Reid-slake|Reid-slake
</gallery>

|coronation=16 Januar 1547
|cor-type=[[Coronation o the Roushie monarch|Coronation]]
|successor=[[Feodor I o Roushie|Feodor I]]
|succession1=[[Grand Prince o Moscow]]
|reign1=3 December 1533 – {{nowrap|16 January 1547}}
|predecessor1 = [[Vasili III o Roushie|Vasili III]]
|spouse-type  = Spouses
|spouse       = {{List collapsed|title=''See leet''|1=[[Anastasia Romanovna]]<br />[[Maria Temryukovna]]<br />[[Marfa Sobakina]]<br />[[Anna Koltovskaya]]<br />[[Anna Vasilchikova]]<br />[[Vasilisa Melentyeva]]<br />[[Maria Dolgorukaya]]<br />[[Maria Nagaya]]}}
|issue        = {{List collapsed|title=''See leet''|1=[[Tsarevich Dmitry Ivanovich o Roushie (1552–1553)|Dmitry Ivanovich]]<br />[[Tsarevich Ivan Ivanovich o Roushie|Ivan Ivanovich]]<br />[[Feodor I o Roushie]]<br />[[Tsarevich Dmitry Ivanovich o Roushie (born 1582)|Dmitry Ivanovich]]}}
|issue-link   = #Childer
|issue-pipe   = more...
|full name    = Ivan Vasilyevich
|house        = [[Rurik Dynasty|Rurik]]
|house-type   = Dynasty
|father       = [[Vasili III o Roushie]]
|mother       = [[Elena Glinskaya]]
|birth_date   = {{OldStyleDate|3 September|1530|25 August}}
|birth_place  = [[Kolomenskoye]], [[Grand Duchy o Moscow|Roushie]]
|death_date   = {{OldStyleDate|28 March|1584|18 March}} <br />(aged 53)
|death_place  = [[Moscow]], [[Tsardom o Roushie|Roushie]]
|burial_date  =
|burial_place = [[Cathedral o the Airchangel]], Moscow
|religion     = [[Roushie Orthodox Kirk|Roushie Orthodox]]
|}}
'''Ivan IV Vasilyevich''' ({{lang-rus|Ива́н Васи́льевич|Ivan Vasilevich||pron}}; {{OldStyleDate|3 September|1530|25 August}} – {{OldStyleDate|28 Mairch|1584|18 Mairch}}),<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20091022145717/http://geocities.com/quermaz/history/h4mar/h4mar28.html 28 March: This Date in History]. Webcitation.org. Retrieved 2011-12-07</ref> commonly kent as '''Ivan the Terrible''' ({{audio-ru|Ива́н Гро́зный|Ru-Ivan Grozny.ogg}}, ''Ivan Grozny''), wis the [[Grand Prince o Moscow]] frae 1533 tae 1547 an [[Leet o Roushie rulers|Tsar o Aw the Roushies]] frae 1547 till his daith.

{{italic title}}
{{taxobox
 | name                = 
 | image               = Sunflower sky backdrop.jpg
 | regnum              = [[Plantae]]
 | unranked_divisio    = [[Flouerin plant|Angiosperms]]
 | unranked_classis    = [[Eudicots]]
 | unranked_ordo       = [[Asterids]]
 | ordo                = [[Asterales]]
 | familia             = [[Asteraceae]]
 | subfamilia          = [[Helianthoideae]]
 | tribus              = [[Heliantheae]]
 | genus               = ''[[Helianthus]]''
 | species             = '''''H. annuus'''''
 | binomial            = ''Helianthus annuus''
 | binomial_authority  = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]
 | synonyms_ref        = <ref>[http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/gcc-44475 The Plant List, ''Helianthus annuus'' L. ]</ref>
 | synonyms            = {{collapsible list|bullets = true
|title=<small>Synonymy</small>
|''Helianthus aridus'' <small>Rydb.</small>
|''Helianthus erythrocarpus'' <small>Bartl.</small>
|''Helianthus indicus'' <small>L.</small>
|''Helianthus jaegeri'' <small>Heiser</small>
|''Helianthus lenticularis'' <small>Douglas</small>
|''Helianthus macrocarpus'' <small>DC. & A.DC.</small>
|''Helianthus multiflorus'' <small>Hook.</small>
|''Helianthus ovatus'' <small>Lehm.</small>
|''Helianthus platycephalus'' <small>Cass.</small>
|''Helianthus tubaeformis'' <small>Nutt.</small>
}}}}
'''''Helianthus annuus'''''<!--wad the common name be "sunflouer"?--> is a lairge [[annual plant|annual]] [[forb]] o the genus ''[[Helianthus]]'' growed as a crop for its edible ile an edible fruits.

(goddess o love) is eften uised tae represent the female sex an is the [[alchemical seembol]] for copper.]]
'''Female''' (♀) is the [[sex]] o an [[organism]], or a pairt o an organism, that produces non-mobile [[ovum|ova]] (egg cells). Maist female [[mammal]]s, includin female humans, hae twa [[X chromosome]]s.
{{see also|Female reproductive seestem|female genital mittlin}}
{{authority control}}
[[Category:Females| ]]
[[Category:Gender]]
[[Category:Sex]]
[[Category:Weemen]]

{{fixscots}}
{{unsoorced}}
{{Stub/Sport}}

{{fixscots}}
{{unsoorced}}
{{taxobox
|image = Various grains.jpg
|image_width=250px
|image caption = Various cereals an thair products
|regnum = [[Plantae]]
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Monocots]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Commelinids]]
|ordo = [[Poales]]
|familia = [[Poaceae]]
}}
A '''cereal''' is a [[Poaceae|gress]], a member o the [[Monocotyledon|monocot]] faimily [[Poaceae]],<ref>The seeds o several ither plants, such as [[buckwheat]], are an aa used in the same manner as grains, but syne thay are nae grasses, thay cannae strictly be cried such</ref> cultivatit for the edible components o its [[fuid grain|grain]] (botanically, a teep o [[fruit]] cried a [[caryopsis]]), componed o the [[endosperm]], [[cereal germ|germ]], an [[bran]].

The ''' vyce''' consists o [[soond]] [[Vyce production|made]] bi a [[human bein]] uisin the [[vocal folds]] for [[Speech|talkin]], [[Readin (process)|readin]], [[sangin]], [[Laughter|laughin]], [[cryin]], [[screamin]], [[shoutin]], [[yellin]] etc.

|image_map=
|map_caption=
|map_label_position=right
|image_coa=Coat of Arms of Izhevsk (Udmurtia).svg
|coa_caption=
|image_flag=Flag of Izhevsk (Udmurtia).svg
|flag_caption=
|anthem=
|anthem_ref=
|holiday=June&nbsp;12
|holiday_ref=
|federal_subject=[[Udmurtie]]
|federal_subject_ref=
|adm_data_as_of=
|adm_district_jur=
|adm_district_jur_ref=
|capital_of=Udmurtie
|capital_of_ref=
|adm_ctr_of=
|adm_ctr_of_ref=
|inhabloc_cat=Ceety
|inhabloc_cat_ref=
|inhabloc_type=
|inhabloc_type_ref=
|mun_data_as_of=
|urban_okrug_jur=Izhevsk Urban Okrug
|urban_okrug_jur_ref=
|mun_admctr_of=
|mun_admctr_of_ref=
|leader_title=Head
|leader_title_ref=
|leader_name=Alexander Ushakov
|leader_name_ref=<ref>[http://www.izh.ru/izh/info/i00382.html Izhevsk website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120217230332/http://izh.ru/izh/info/i00382.html |date=2012-02-17 }}, (in Russian).</ref>
|representative_body=[[Ceety Duma o Izhevsk|Ceety Duma]]
|representative_body_ref=
|area_of_what=
|area_as_of=
|area_km2=316.66
|area_km2_ref=
|pop_2010census=628116
|pop_2010census_rank=19t
|pop_2010census_ref=<ref name="2010Census">{{ru-pop-ref|2010Census_prelim}}</ref>
|pop_2002census=632140
|pop_2002census_ref=<ref name="PopCensus">{{ru-pop-ref|2002Census}}</ref>
|pop_2002census_rank=20th
|pop_density=
|pop_density_as_of=
|pop_density_ref=
|pop_latest=
|pop_latest_date=
|pop_latest_ref=
|established_date=10 Aprile 1760
|established_title=
|established_date_ref=
|current_cat_date=
|current_cat_date_ref=
|prev_name1=Ustinov
|prev_name1_date=1987
|prev_name1_ref=
|prev_name2=
|prev_name2_date=
|prev_name2_ref=
|postal_codes=426xxx
|postal_codes_ref=
|dialing_codes=3412
|dialing_codes_ref=
|website=http://www.izh.ru/
|website_ref=
|date=April 2010
}}
'''Izhevsk''' ({{lang-rus|Иже́вск|p=ɪˈʐɛfsk}}; {{lang-udm|Иж, Ижкар}}, ''Iž, Ižkar'') is the [[caipital ceety|caipital]] [[types o inhabitit localities in Roushie|ceety]] o the [[Udmurt Republic]], [[Roushie]], situatit on the [[Izh River]] in the Wastren [[Ural Muntains|Urals]]. Population: {{ru-census|p2010_prelim=628,116|p2002=632,140|p1989=635,109}}

|Lageplan          = Wanderup in SL.PNG
|Bundesland        = Schleswig-Holstein
|Kreis             = Schleswig-Flensburg
|Amt               = Eggebek
|Höhe              = 24
|Fläche            = 28.64
|Einwohner         = 2235
|Stand             = 2006-12-31
|PLZ               = 24997
|Vorwahl           = 04606
|Kfz               = SL
|Gemeindeschlüssel = 01 0 59 174
|Adresse-Verband   = Hauptstraße 2<br />24852 Eggebek
|Website           = [http://www.amt-eggebek.de/ www.amt-eggebek.de]
|Bürgermeister     = Ulrike Carstens
}}

{{Automatic taxobox
| fossil_range= {{fossil range|earliest=511|Cambrian|Present|ref=<ref name="GastropodaPonder&Lindberg2008">{{cite book |last1=Aktipis |first1=S.W. |last2=Giribet |first2=G. |last3=Lindberg |first3=D.R. |last4=W.F. |first4=Ponder |editor1-last=Ponder |editor1-first=W. |editor2-last=Lindberg |editor2-first=D.R. |title=Phylogeny and evolution of the Mollusca |date=2008 |publisher=University of California Press |isbn=978-0-520-25092-5 |pages=201-238 |chapter=Gastropoda}}</ref>}}
| image = Grapevinesnail 01a.jpg
| image_caption = Air-breithin laund gastropod ''[[Helix pomatia]]'', the Roman snail
| taxon = Gastropoda
| authority = [[Georges Cuvier|Cuvier]], 1795<ref name="Cuvier 1795">{{fr icon}} [[Georges Cuvier|Cuvier G.]] (1795). "Second mémoire sur l'organisation et les rapports des animaux à sang blanc, dans lequel on traite de la structure des Mollusques et de leur division en ordres, lu à la Société d'histoire naturelle de Paris, le 11 Prairial, an III". ''Magazin Encyclopédique, ou Journal des Sciences, des Lettres et des Arts'' '''2''': 433-449. [https://archive.org/stream/magazinencyclop12pari#page/448/mode/1up page 448].</ref>
| diversity = 65,000 tae 80,000 species<ref name="Bouchet">Bouchet P. & Rocroi J.-P. (Ed.); Frýda J., Hausdorf B., Ponder W., Valdes A. & Warén A. 2005. ''Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families''. Malacologia: International Journal of Malacology, 47(1-2). ConchBooks: Hackenheim, Germany. {{ISBN|3-925919-72-4}}. 397 pp. [http://www.vliz.be/Vmdcdata/imis2/ref.php?refid=78278 vliz.be]</ref><ref name="Solem">{{cite web|last1=Solem|first1=A.G.|title=Gastropod|url=https://global.britannica.com/animal/gastropod|website=Encyclopaedia Britannica|publisher=Encyclopaedia Britannica Inc.|accessdate=6 March 2017|archive-date=2016-03-08|archive-url=https://archive.today/20160308013014/http://global.britannica.com/animal/gastropod|url-status=dead}}</ref>
}}
The '''Gastropoda''' or '''gastropods''', better kent as '''[[snail]]s an [[slug]]s''', is a muckle [[Taxonomy (biology)|taxonomic]] [[class (taxonomy)|cless]] athin the [[phylum]] [[Mollusca]].

'''Post-Impressionism''' (also spelled '''Postimpressionism''') is a predominantly French [[airt muivement]] that developed roughly atween 1886 an 1905; frae the last Impressionist exhibeetion tae the birth o [[Fauvism]].

'''Sigmund Freud''' ([[6 Mey]] [[1856]] – [[23 September]] [[1939]]) wis an [[Austrick|Austrian]] Jewish psychotherapist an the foonder o the [[psychoanalytic schuil]] o psychotherapy a group that popularised the theory that [[unconscious]] motives taks chairge the feck o behaviour. He becam interestit in [[hypnotism]] an whit wey it coud be uised for tae holp the [[mental illness|mentally ill]]. Later on he drappit hypnotism in favour o [[free association (psychology)|free association]] an [[dream analysis]] in developin the traitment nou kent as "the talking cure." Thir elements becam the kernel o [[psychoanalysis]]. Freud wis byordinar interestit in [[hysteria]] as it wis cried at thon time—it is cried [[conversion syndrome]] the nou.

'''Jubba Airways''' is an [[airline]] based in [[Somalie]]. It wis foondit in [[1998]] bi twa [[Calgary]]-based [[Somali fowk|Somali]] entrepreneurs, Said Nur Qailie an Abdi Hashi Dalel.<ref>[http://www.africaintelligence.com/ION/detail/detail_articles/p_detail.asp?DOC_I_ID=12301915&context=HIS&contextinfos=&codeaffilie=A_INDIGO&Service=EVE The Top Ten businessmen in Mogadishu]{{Dead link|date=December 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} - The Indian Ocean Newsletter</ref>

{{Chembox
| Verifiedfields = 
| Watchedfields =
| verifiedrevid = 455316358
| ImageFile = Cornstarch_mixed_with_water.jpg
| ImageSize =
| ImageName = Cornstairch bein mixed wi watter
| IUPACName =
| OtherNames =
|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
| CASNo = 9005-25-8
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| EC_number = 232-679-6
| RTECS = GM5090000
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|changed|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = none
  }}
|Section2={{Chembox Properties
| Formula = ({{chem|C|6|H|10|O|5|)|''n''</sub> -{{Sp}}|(|H|2|O|)}}
| MolarMass = Variable
| Appearance = White pouder
| Density = Variable<ref>{{cite book | title = Starch: Chemistry and Technology | editor1 = Roy L. Whistler|editor2=James N. BeMiller|editor3=Eugene F. Paschall | publisher = Academic Press | date = 2012 | page = 220 | quote = Starch has variable density depending on botanical origin, prior treatment, and method of measurement }}</ref>
| Solubility = insoluble (see [[starch gelatinization]])
| MeltingPt = decomposes
  }}
| Section4 = {{Chembox Thermochemistry
| Thermochemistry_ref =
| HeatCapacity = 
| Entropy = 
| DeltaHf = 
| DeltaGf =
| DeltaHc ={{convert|4.1788|kcal/g|kJ/g}}<ref name=CRC>''[[CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics]]'', 49th edition, 1968-1969, p. D-188.</ref> ([[Heicher heatin vailyie]])
  }}
|Section7={{Chembox Hazards
| ExternalSDS = [http://www.inchem.org/documents/icsc/icsc/eics1553.htm ICSC 1553]
| AutoignitionPtC = 410
| PEL = TWA 15 mg/m<sup>3</sup> (total) TWA 5 mg/m<sup>3</sup> (resp)<ref>{{PGCH|0567}}</ref>
  }}
}}
'''Stairch''' or '''amylum''' is a [[carbohydrate]] consistin o a muckle nummer o [[glucose]] units jyned bi [[glycosidic bond]]s. This [[polysaccharide]] is produced bi maist green [[plant]]s as energy storage. It is the maist common carbohydrate in human diets an is conteened in muckle amoonts in [[staple fuid]]s lik [[tattie]]s, [[wheat]], [[maize]] (corn), [[rice]], an [[cassava]].

{{taxobox
|name = Rye
|image = Ear_of_rye.jpg
|regnum = [[Plant]]ae
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Monocotyledons]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Commelinids]]
|ordo = [[Poales]]
|familia = [[Poaceae]]
|subfamilia = [[Pooideae]]
|tribus = [[Triticeae]]
|genus = [[Secale]]
|species = '''''S. cereale'''''
|binomial = ''Secale cereale''
|binomial_authority = [[Linnaeus|L.]]
| synonyms =
''Secale fragile'' [[M.Bieb.]]
|}}

A '''calendar''' is a seestem o organisin days for social, releegious, commercial or admeenistrative purposes. This is duin bi giein names tae periods o [[time]], teepically [[day]]s, [[week]]s, [[month]]s, an [[year]]s. A [[calendar date|date]] is the designation o a single, specific day within such a seestem. A calendar is an aa a pheesical record (eften paper) o such a seestem. A calendar can an aa mean a leet o planned events, such as a [[coort calendar]] or a pairtly or fully chronological leet o documents, such as a calendar o wills.

In [[phonetics]], a '''diphthong''' ([[Greek leid|Greek]] ''δίφθογγος'', 
"diphthongos", meanin ''wi twa soonds'') is a the gaun-thegither o twa [[vouel]]s, for ordinar wi a swith but sliddery muivement fae the tae 
vouel tae the tither, aft interpret bi listeners as a single vouel soond or [[phonemes|phoneme]].
Altho "pure" vouels, or ''[[monophthong]]s'', is hauden tae hae the ae tairget tongue poseetion, diphthongs haes a muivin tongue.
Pure vouels is pitten ower in the [[Internaitional Phonetic ABC]] wi the ae seembol.
For example the &lt;i&gt; in ''whit'' <span style="font-family:arial unicode MS, Everson Mono Unicode, Lucida Sans Unicode, Unicode;">[ʍɪt] or [ʍʌt]</span>

'''Inductive raisonin''' is a [[method o raisonin]] in thatthe [[premise]]s are viewed as supplyin ''some'' evidence for the truth o the conclusion; this is in contrast tae [[Deductive raisonin|''deductive'' raisonin]].

[[Image:Triumph TR3A.jpg|right|250px|Triumph TR3A]]

{{Year dab|1911}}
{{Year nav|1911}}
Year '''1911''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MCMXI]]''') wis a [[common year stairtin on Sunday]] (airtin will display the full calendar) o the [[Gregorian calendar]] an a [[common year stairtin on Setturday]] o the 13-day-slower [[Julian calendar]].

{{fixscots}}

'''Steading''' (alsae cryed steadin, stedding, steeding an stidden) is the name gien tae biggins on a [[ferm]] uised in sindry weys, gif for beast, vehicles, machinery, craps, or a fermhouse.<ref>https://www.dsl.ac.uk/entry/snd/steading</ref> Historically a steading wis kent as a fermtoun.<ref>https://scotsroots.wordpress.com/tag/ferm-touns/</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://sites.scran.ac.uk/kestrel3d/settlements/settlements.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2020-09-14 |archive-date=2021-01-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210117192550/https://sites.scran.ac.uk/kestrel3d/settlements/settlements.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>

{{Taxobox
| image = Eolophus roseicapilla -Wamboin, NSW, Australia -adult-8-2cp.jpg
| image_caption = [[Galah]] in Austrailie
| image_alt = Cockatoo perchin on a branch. Its plumage on the tap o its heid abuin its ees is white an it has a horn-coloured beak. The rest o its heid, its neck, an maist o its front are pink. Its wings an tail are grey.
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]]
| classis = [[Bird|Aves]]
| ordo = [[Psittaciformes]]
| superfamilia = '''Cacatuoidea'''
| familia = '''Cacatuidae'''
| familia_authority = [[George Robert Gray|G. R. Gray]] 1840
| type_genus = ''[[Cacatua]]'' <small>[[Vieillot]] 1817<ref name="ICZN">{{Cite journal|author=ICZN|year=2000|title=Opinion 1949. ''Cacatua'' Vieillot, 1817 and Cacatuinae Gray, 1840 (Aves, Psittaciformes): conserved.|url=http://biodiversitylibrary.org/item/45022#80|journal=Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature|pages=66–67}}</ref></small>
| synonyms =
*Plyctolophinae <small>[[Nicholas Aylward Vigors|Vigors]] 1825<ref>Suppressed by the [[International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature]] in Opinion 1949 (2000). {{Cite journal|author=ICZN|year=2000|title=Opinion 1949. ''Cacatua'' Vieillot, 1817 and Cacatuinae Gray, 1840 (Aves, Psittaciformes): conserved.|url=http://biodiversitylibrary.org/item/45022#80|journal=Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature|pages=66–67}}</ref></small>
| subdivision_ranks = Genera
| subdivision =''[[Probosciger]]''<br />
''[[Callocephalon]]''<br />
''[[Nymphicus]]''<br />
''[[Calyptorhynchus]]''<br />
''[[Eolophus]]''<br />
''[[Lophochroa]]''<br />
''[[Cacatua]]''
|range_map=Cockatoo range.png
|range_map_alt=Cairt shawin sootheastren Asie, Australie, Melanesie, an New Zealand. Islands in the Philippines an the Sunda Islands are colored reid, east tae the Solomon Islands, as is Australie wi Tasmanie. New Caledon is colored blue.
|range_map_caption=Current range o cockatoos&nbsp;– red<br />Finds o recent fossils&nbsp;– blue
}}
A '''cockatoo''' is ony o the 21 [[species]] belangin tae the bird [[faimily (biology)|faimily]] '''Cacatuidae''', the anly faimily in the superfaimily Cacatuoidea.

{{Other uses}}
<small>''Unidos En El Tiempo, En El Esfuerzo, En La Justicia y En La Esperanza''</small>{{-}}<small>''(Unitit in time, effort, juistice an howp)''</small>
| anthem                  = Himno al Estado de Puebla
| image_map               = Puebla en Mexico.PNG
| map_caption             = State o Puebla athin Mexico
| coordinates             = {{coord|19|00|13|N|97|53|18|W|region:MX-PUE_type:adm1st|display=inline}}
| coor_pinpoint           = 
| coordinates_footnotes   = 
| subdivision_type        = [[Kintra]]
| subdivision_name        = [[Mexico]]
| subdivision_type1       = [[Caipital Ceety|Caipital]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[Puebla, Puebla|Puebla]]
| subdivision_type2       = [[Leet o ceeties in Mexico|Lairgest&nbsp;Ceety]]
| subdivision_name2       = [[Puebla, Puebla|Puebla]]
| subdivision_type3       = [[Municipalities o Mexico|Municipalities]]
| subdivision_name3       = [[Municipalities o Puebla|217]]
| established_title       = [[Sovereign state|Admission]]
| established_date        = 21 December 1823<ref>{{cite news | title=Las Diputaciones Provinciales| url =http://biblio.juridicas.unam.mx/libros/6/2920/11.pdf|page=15 |language =Spanish}}</ref>
| established_title2     = [[Territorial evolution o Mexico|Order]]
| established_date2      = [[Territorial evolution o Mexico|4t]]
| founder                 = 
| seat_type               = 
| seat                    = 
| government_footnotes    = 
| leader_party            = 
| leader_title            = [[Leet o Mexican state govrenors|Govrenor]]
| leader_name             = [[Rafael Moreno Valle Rosas|Rafael Moreno Valle]] |23px]]
| leader_title1           = [[Senate o Mexico|Senators]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Senadores por Puebla LXI Legislatura |url=http://www.senado.gob.mx/index.php?ver=int&mn=4&sm=4&id=22 |publisher=Senado de la Republica |accessdate=April 5, 2011}}</ref>
| leader_name1            = [[María del Rosario Leticia Jasso Valencia|Leticia Jasso Valencia]] '''([[Independent (politeecian)|I]])'''<br />[[Marco Humberto Aguilar Coronado|Humberto Aguilar]] <br />[[Melquiades Morales Flores|Melquiades Morales]] 
|leader_title2           = [[Chamber o Deputies o Mexico|Deputies]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Listado de Diputados por Grupo Parlamentario del Estado de Puebla |url=http://sitl.diputados.gob.mx/LXI_leg/listado_diputados_gpnp.php?tipot=Edo&edot=21 |publisher=Camara de Diputados |accessdate=April 5, 2011 |archive-date=2018-07-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180720055930/http://sitl.diputados.gob.mx/LXI_leg/listado_diputados_gpnp.php?tipot=Edo&edot=21 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|leader_name2            = {{Collapsible list
 |title       = [[Chamber o Deputies o Mexico|Federal Deputies]]
 |frame_style = border:none; padding: 0;
 |title_style = <!-- (optional) -->
 |list_style  = text-align:left;display:none;
 |1           = • [[José Óscar Aguilar González|Óscar Aguilar]] 
 |2           = • [[José Alberto González Morales|Alberto González]] 
 |3           = • [[Janet Graciela González Tostado|Janet González Tostado]] 
 |4           = • [[María del Carmen Izaguirre Francos|María Izaguirre]] 
 |5           = • [[Juan Pablo Jiménez Concha|Juan Pablo Jiménez]] 
 |6           = • [[Blanca Estela Jiménez Hernández|Estela Jiménez]] 
 |7           = • [[Francisco Alberto Jiménez Merino|Alberto Jiménez]] 
 |8           = • [[Jorge Alberto Juraidini Rumilla|Alberto Juraidini]] 
 |9           = • [[Juan Carlos Lastiri Quirós|Juan Carlos Lastiri]] 
 |10          = • [[Julieta Octavia Marín Torres|Julieta Marín]] 
 |11          = • [[María Isabel Merlo Talavera|María Isabel Merlo]] 
 |12          = • [[Fernando Morales Martínez|Fernando Morales]] 
 |13          = • [[Francisco Ramos Montaño|Francisco Ramos]] 
 |14          = • [[Leobardo Soto Martínez|Leobardo Soto]] 
 |15          = • [[Ricardo Urzúa Rivera|Ricardo Urzúa]] 
 |16          = • [[Augusta Valentina Díaz de Rivera Hernández|Valentina Díaz de Rivera]] 
 |17          = • [[María del Carmen Guzmán Lozano|Carmen Guzmán]] 
 |18          = • [[Juan Carlos Natale López|Juan Carlos Natale]]  
 }}
| unit_pref               = Metric<!-- or US or UK -->
| area_footnotes          = <ref>{{Cite web |title=Resumen |url=http://cuentame.inegi.gob.mx/monografias/informacion/pue/default.aspx?tema=me&e=21 |publisher=Cuentame INEGI |accessdate=April 5, 2011 |archive-date=2014-09-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140922042355/http://cuentame.inegi.gob.mx/monografias/informacion/pue/default.aspx?tema=me&e=21 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| area_total_km2          = 34290 
| area_land_km2           = 
| area_water_km2          = 
| area_water_percent      =
| area_note               = [[Leet o Mexican states bi aurie|Ranked 21st]]
| elevation_m             =
| elevation_max_footnotes =<ref>{{Cite web |title=Relieve |url=http://cuentame.inegi.gob.mx/monografias/informacion/pue/territorio/relieve.aspx?tema=me&e=21 |publisher=Cuentame INEGI |accessdate=April 5, 2011 |archive-date=2014-07-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140720174510/http://cuentame.inegi.gob.mx/monografias/informacion/pue/territorio/relieve.aspx?tema=me&e=21 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| elevation_max_m         = 5610
| elevation_max_ft        =
| elevation_min_m         = 
| elevation_min_ft        =
| population_footnotes    = <ref>{{Cite web |title=Mexico en Cifras |url=http://www.inegi.org.mx/sistemas/mexicocifras/default.aspx?ent=21|publisher=INEGI |accessdate=April 5, 2011}}</ref>
| population_total        = 5779829
| population_as_of        = 2010
| population_rank         = [[Leet o Mexican states bi population|5t]]
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_density_rank = [[Leet o Mexican states bi population density|6t]]
| population_demonym      = Poblano (a)
| population_note         = 
| timezone1               = [[Central Time Zone|CST]]
| utc_offset1             = −6
| timezone1_DST           = [[Central Daylicht Time|CDT]]
| utc_offset1_DST         = −5
| postal_code_type        = [[Postal codes in Mexico|Postal code]]
| postal_code             = 72-75
| area_code_type          = [[Aurie code]]
| area_code               = {{Collapsible list
|title       = [[Aurie codes in Mexico bi code (900-999)|Aurie codes]]
|frame_style = border:none; padding: 0;
|title_style = <!-- (optional) -->
|list_style  = text-align:left;display:none;
 |1           = • [[Aurie codes in Mexico bi code (200-299)|1]]
 |2           = • [[Aurie codes in Mexico bi code (700-799)|2]]
 |3           = • [[Aurie codes in Mexico bi code (900-999)|3]]
}}
| iso_code                = MX-PUE
| blank_name_sec1         = [[Human Development Index|HDI]]
| blank_info_sec1         = {{increase}} 0.791 <span style="color:#fc0">medium</span> <small>[[Leet o Mexican states bi HDI|Ranked 28t]]</small>
| blank_name_sec2         = [[GDP]]
| blank_info_sec2         = US$ 23,525,310.625 [[Million|mil]]{{Ref label|engfactobox|a|}}
| website                 = {{URL|http://www.puebla.gob.mx/|Official Website}}
| footnotes               = 
{{note|engoffbox}}a. The state's GDP wis 301,123,976 million o [[Mexican peso|pesos]] in 2008,<ref>{{cite web |title=Jalisco. |url=http://www.inegi.org.mx/sistemas/mexicocifras/default.aspx?ent=21|year=2010 |accessdate=April 5, 2011}}</ref> amount correspondin tae 23,525,310.625 millon o [[Dollar coin (Unitit States)|dollars]], being a dollar worth 12.80 pesos (value o 3 Juin  2010).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Reporte: Jueves 3 de Junio del 2010. Cierre del peso mexicano. |url=http://www.pesomexicano.com.mx/archivo/2010/junio/03/reporte-jueves-3-de-junio-del-2010--cierre-del-peso-mexicano.htm#leermas |publisher=www.pesomexicano.com.mx |accessdate=August 10, 2010 |archive-date=2010-06-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100608173515/http://www.pesomexicano.com.mx/archivo/2010/junio/03/reporte-jueves-3-de-junio-del-2010--cierre-del-peso-mexicano.htm#leermas |url-status=dead }}</ref><br />
}}

]]
{{unreferenced}}
A '''byleid''', whiles cryed a '''dialect''' an aa, is a variety o a [[leid]]. It is the name gien tae a variety o spaek that isna conseidert tae differ eneuch frae the "staundart" variety o a leid for tae be cryed a leid o its ain.

'''Learin''' is the process o acquirin new, or modifyin existin, [[knawledge]], [[behaviour]]s, [[skill]]s, [[vailyie (personal an cultural)|vailyie]]s, or [[preference]]s.<ref>Richard Gross, [https://books.google.com/books?id=Cle1Fcr_6_QC&pg=PT335 Psychology: The Science of Mind and Behaviour] 6E, Hachette UK, {{ISBN|9781444164367}}.</ref>

'''Human sexual activity''', '''human sexual practice''' ir '''human sexual behaviour''' is the mainer in whilk humans experience an express thair [[Human sexuality|sexuality]]. Fowk engage in aw teeps o sexual acts, fae acteevities duin alane (e.g., [[masturbation]]) tae acts wi anither body (e.g., [[sexual intercoorse]], [[non-thirle sex]], [[mooth sex]], etc.) at different times, fir mony different raisons. Sexual acteevity maist aften leads tae [[Sexual aroosal|sexual pleisur]] an physiological chynges in the body bein pleisur't, sum o whilk are obvious while ithers are mair suttle. Sexual acteevity micht include behaviour an acteevities whilk are ettelt tae raise the the sexual interest o anither ir impruive the [[Sex life|sex life]] o anither, sic as weys tae find ir attract pairtners ([[Coortship|coortship]] an [[Kythe (zoology)|kythe]] behaviour), ir personal connection atween fowk (ex. [[Foreplay|foreplay]] ir [[BDSM]]).

The '''Naitional Pantheon o the Heroes''' ({{lang-es|Panteón Nacional de los Héroes}}) is a buildin an landmark o [[Asunción]], [[Paraguay]], an a naitional monument o Paraguay.  It is customary in Asuncion that when somethin heestoric happens (such as the victory o Preses Lugo in the [[Paraguayan general election, 2008|2008 elections]]) fowk flock wi their flags tae the street in front o it an celebrate the event.

| birth_place      = [[Düsseldorf]], [[Rhine Province]], [[Free State o Proushie|Proushie]], [[Weimar Republic|Germany]]
| region           = [[Wastren Philosophy]]
| era              = [[Contemporary philosophy]]
| school_tradition = {{hlist| [[Continental philosophy]] | [[Creetical theory]] }}
| alma_mater       = 
| main_interests   = {{hlist| [[Social theory]] | [[Epistemology]] | [[Poleetical theory]] | [[Pragmatics]] }}
| notable_ideas    = {{hlist| [[Communicative rationality]] | [[Post-metaphysical philosophy]] | [[Discoorse ethics]] | [[Deliberative democracy]] | [[Universal pragmatics]] | [[Communicative action]] | [[The Structural Transformation o the Public Sphere|The structural transformation o the public sphere]] | The seestem–[[lifewarld]] distinction | Creetique o subject-centred raison | [[Structuralism#Interpretations an general creeticisms|Creeticism o structuralism]] | [[Performative contradiction]] | [[Constitutional patriotism]] }}
| signature = Jürgen Habermas signature.jpg
| influences       = {{hlist| [[Max Weber|Weber]] | [[Émile Durkheim|Durkheim]] | [[George Herbert Mead|Mead]] | [[Karl Marx|Marx]] | [[Wilhelm Dilthey|Dilthey]] | [[Talcott Parsons|Parsons]] | [[Immanuel Kant|Kant]] | [[Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel|Hegel]] | [[Martin Heidegger|Heidegger]] | [[Jean Piaget|Piaget]] | [[Max Horkheimer|Horkheimer]] | [[Theodor W. Adorno|Adorno]] | [[Herbert Marcuse|Marcuse]] | [[Ludwig Wittgenstein|Wittgenstein]] | [[Charles Sanders Peirce|Peirce]] | [[J. L. Austin|Austin]] | [[Wolfgang Abendroth]] }}
| influenced       = {{hlist| [[Claus Offe|Offe]] | [[Axel Honneth|Honneth]] | [[Thomas A. McCarthy|McCarthy]] | [[Hans-Hermann Hoppe|Hoppe]] | [[Seyla Benhabib|Benhabib]] | [[Nancy Fraser|Fraser]] }}
| spouse = Ute Wesselhöft
}}
'''Jürgen Habermas''' ({{IPA-de|ˈjʏrɡn̩ ˈhaːbɐmaːs|lang}};<ref>Max Mangold and Dudenredaktion: ''Duden Aussprachewörterbuch.'' In: ''Der Duden in zwölf Bänden.'' Volume 6, 6th edition, Dudenverlag, Mannheim/Leipzig/Wien/Zürich 2005 ISBN 978-3-411-04066-7, "Jürgen" p. 446 and "Habermas" p. 383.</ref> born 18 Juin 1929) is a German [[sociology|sociologist]] an philosopher in the tradeetion o [[creetical theory]] an [[pragmatism]]. He is aiblins best kent for his theories on [[communicative raitionality]] an the [[public sphere]]. In 2014, [[Prospect (magazine)|Prospect]] readers waled Habermas as ane o thair favourites amang the "warld's leadin thinkers."<ref name="prospectmagazine.co.uk">{{cite news|url=http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/features/world-thinkers-2014-the-results|title=World thinkers 2014: The results|author=Serena Kutchinsky|date=23 April 2014|publisher=Prospect Magazine|quote=12. Jürgen Habermas, philosopher|access-date=2017-03-26|archive-date=2019-09-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190928151452/http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/features/world-thinkers-2014-the-results|url-status=dead}}</ref>

|birth_place=[[Dublin]], Ireland|alias=Magda Davitt<br />Shuhada' Sadaqat<ref name="Allmusicbio">{{Cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/sinéad-oconnor-mn0000756180/biography|title=Sinéad O'Connor – Artist Biography|last=Ankeny|first=Jason|website=AllMusic|access-date=11 June 2021|archive-date=11 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210611123915/https://www.allmusic.com/artist/sin%C3%A9ad-oconnor-mn0000756180/biography|url-status=live}}</ref>|death_date={{Death date and age|2023|07|26|1966|12|8|df=yes}}|death_place=[[London]], England|partner={{plainlist |
* [[Peter Gabriel]] (1992–1993)<ref name=":1">{{cite web |last1=Chilton |first1=Louis |title=Sinead O'Connor describes past romance with Peter Gabriel: 'I was basically weekend p***y' |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/news/sinead-oconnor-peter-gabriel-affair-b1856288.html |website=Independent |access-date=2 June 2021 |date=29 May 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=1993-05-21 |title=Gabriel's ready for love — Big Time! |pages=17 |work=[[Evening Herald]] |url=https://prnt.sc/ZwrkiKOdCvE4 |access-date=2023-07-27}}</ref>
* Richard Heslop (1994–1995)
* John Waters (1995–1996)
* Dónal Lunny (2004)
* Frank Bonadio (2006–2007)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sinead and Bonadio split up: 'There's no space for my needs' – The Sinead O'Connor Site |url=https://www.sinead-oconnor.com/home/index.php/news/127-thanks-to-louise-e-farragher |access-date=3 March 2023 |website=www.sinead-oconnor.com}}</ref>
}}|spouse={{plainlist |
* {{marriage|John Reynolds|1989|1991|reason=divorced}}<ref>{{Cite news |date=18 March 1989 |title="Rocker Sinead is wed" |pages=3 |work=[[Irish Independent]] |url=https://prnt.sc/3Oyz59tYleIq |access-date=27 July 2023}}</ref>
* {{marriage|Nick Sommerlad|2001|2002|reason=divorced}}
* {{marriage|Steve Cooney|2010|2011|reason=divorced}}<ref name=":2">{{cite news |url=http://www.rte.ie/ten/2010/0723/oconnors.html |title=Sinéad O'Connor marries for third time |date=23 July 2010 |work=RTÉ ten |publisher=[[Raidió Teilifís Éireann]] |access-date=22 July 2010 |archive-date=23 July 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100723131933/http://www.rte.ie/ten/2010/0723/oconnors.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
* {{marriage|Barry Herridge|2011|2011|reason=divorced}}<ref name=":3">{{Citation | url = http://www.independent.ie/lifestyle/independent-woman/celebrity-news-gossip/nothing-compares-to-you-after-all-sinead-orsquoconnor-reunites-with-4th-husband-of-16-days-2979887.html | title = Nothing compares to you after all: Sinead O'Connor reunites with 4th husband of 16 days | newspaper = Irish Independent | date = 4 January 2012 | access-date = 5 January 2012 | archive-date = 8 January 2012 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120108091027/http://www.independent.ie/lifestyle/independent-woman/celebrity-news-gossip/nothing-compares-to-you-after-all-sinead-orsquoconnor-reunites-with-4th-husband-of-16-days-2979887.html | url-status = live }}</ref>
}}|children=4|relatives=Joseph O'Connor (brother)|module=
| occupation        = {{hlist|Sangstress|muisicker|sangwriter}}
| years_active      = 1986–2023
| instrument        = {{hlist|Vocals|guitar}}
| label             = {{hlist|Ensign Records|Chrysalis Records|Vanguard|Chocolate and Vanilla|One Little Independent Records|Nettwerk}}
| website           = {{URL|sineadoconnor.com}}
}}}}
[[Category:Articles with hCards]]

|subdivision_name1 = [[Zhytomyr Oblast]]
|established_title = Foondit 
|established_date = 9t century
|established_title1 =
|established_date1 = 
|leader_title = [[Mayor]]
|leader_name = Volodymyr Deboi
|area_magnitude = 
|area_total_km2 = 65
|area_land_km2 = 
|area_water_km2 = 
|population_as_of = 2013
|population_note = 
|population_total = 271172|population_footnotes=
|population_metro =| 
population_density_km2 = 4172|pushpin_map            =Ukraine
|pushpin_label_position = <!-- the position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none -->
|pushpin_map_caption    =Location o Zhytomyr
|pushpin_mapsize        =
|coordinates      = {{coord|50|15|0|N|28|40|0|E|region:UA|display=inline,title}}
|elevation_m = 221
||postal_code_type=[[Postal code]]
|postal_code = 10000 — 10036
|area_code = +380 412
|blank_info = 
|blank1_info = 
|website = [http://zt-rada.gov.ua/index.php Zhytomyr]
|footnotes = 
}}

[[Image:BerwickshireTraditional.png|230px|right]]

{{automatic taxobox
|taxon = Hydrangea
|image = Bauernhortensie Wochenmarkt.jpg
|image_caption = ''Hydrangea macrophylla''
|authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]
|subdivision_ranks = Species
|subdivision = 
|}}
'''''Hydrangea''''' (common name '''hydrangea''') is a [[genus]] o 70–75 species o [[flouerin plant]]s [[native plant|native]] tae soothren an eastren Asie (Cheenae, Japan, Korea, the Himalayas, an Indonesie) an Americae. Bi far the greatest species diversity is in eastren Asie, notably Cheenae, Japan, an Korea. Maist are [[shrub]]s 1 tae 3 meters taw, but some are smaw [[tree]]s, an ithers [[liana]]s reachin up tae {{convert|30|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} bi climbin up trees. Thay can be either [[deciduous]] or [[evergreen]], tho the widely cultivatit temperate species are aw deciduous.<ref>{{cite web|title=The United States National Arboretum: Hydrangea FAQ|url=http://www.usna.usda.gov/Gardens/faqs/hydrangeafaq2.html|access-date=2017-03-20|archive-date=2013-05-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130516083220/http://www.usna.usda.gov/Gardens/faqs/hydrangeafaq2.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>

{{fixscots}}

| birth_name       = Pharrell Lanscilo Williams<ref name="birth">Virginia, Birth Records, 1864–2014</ref>
| birth_date       = {{birth date and age|mf=yes|1973|4|5}}
| birth_place      = [[Virginia Beach, Virginia]], U.S.
| genre            = {{flatlist|
* [[Hip hop muisic|Hip hop]]
* [[Contemporar R&B|R&B]]
* [[funk]]
* [[Pop muisic|pop]]
}}
| occupation       = {{flatlist|
* Record producer
* rapper
* sangster
* sangwriter
* fashion designer
* entrepreneur
}}
| associated_acts     = {{flatlist|
* [[Child Rebel Soldier]]
* [[N.E.R.D.]]
* [[The Neptunes]]
* [[Gwen Stefani]]
* [[Jay-Z]]
* [[Kelis]]
* [[Pusha T]]
* [[Robin Thicke]]
* [[Snoop Dogg]]
* [[T.I.]]
* [[Teddy Riley]]
* [[Tyler, The Creator|Tyler, the Creator]]
* [[Heitor Pereira]]
* [[Clipse]]
* [[Daft Punk]]
* [[Leah LaBelle]]
* [[The Game (rapper)|The Game]]
* [[Conor Maynard]]
* [[Fam-Lay]]
* [[Jared Evan]]
* [[Cris Cab]]
* [[Buddy (rapper)|Buddy]]
* [[Swedish House Mafia]]
* [[Uffie]]
* [[Teriyaki Boyz]]
* [[Watch the Duck]]
* [[Gesaffelstein]]
}}
| instrument       = Vocals
| years_active     = 1992–present
| label            = {{flatlist|
* [[Virgin Records|Virgin]]
* [[Star Trak Entertainment|Star Trak]]
* [[Arista Records|Arista]]
* [[Interscope Records|Interscope]]
* [[i am OTHER]]
* [[Columbia Records|Columbia]]
}}
| website          = {{URL|pharrellwilliams.com}}
}}

| location = 
| key_people = Katsuhiko Okumura ([[Chairman]])<br />Koichi Ina ([[Preses]])
| industry = [[Automotive industry|Automotive]]
| products = 
| revenue = 1,348 billion USD (2006)
| net_income = 4 billion USD (2006)
| num_employees = 11,873
| parent = [[Toyota Group]] (51.2%)
| homepage = [http://www.daihatsu.com Daihatsu.com]
}}

{{fixscots}}
{{Stub}}

{{stub}}
'''Egalitarianism''' ({{ety|fr|égal|equal}})—or, rarely, '''equalitarianism'''<ref>{{cite web|title=Definition of ''equalitarianism''|work=The Free Dictionary|publisher=Houghton Mifflin Company|year=2009|url=http://www.thefreedictionary.com/equalitarianism}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Definition of ''equalitarianism''|work=Dictionary.com|publisher=Dictionary.com, LLC|year=2012|url=http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/equalitarianism}}</ref> or '''equalism'''<ref>{{cite web|title=A scientist's view: why I'm an equalist and not a feminist|work=The Guardian|publisher=The Guardian|year=2013|url=http://www.theguardian.com/higher-education-network/blog/2013/jul/12/scientist-equalist-not-feminist}}</ref>—is a trend o thocht that favors [[Social equality|equality]] for aw fowk.<ref>http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/egalitarian</ref>

'''GN-z11''' is a galaxie in the [[Muckle beir]] constellation. It is the faurthest fae the Yird an the auldest galaxie in the universe. (fae whit fowk ken awready). It is thareby 32 million [[licht yeir]] fae the Yird.

{{Coord|46|07|N|14|49|E|display=title}}

{{chembox
| Verifiedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 477497006
| Name = Lactose (Milk succar)
| ImageFile_Ref = {{chemboximage|correct|??}}
| ImageFile = Beta-D-Lactose.svg
|   ImageSize = 300px
| IUPACName = β-<small>D</small>-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-<small>D</small>-glucose
|   OtherNames = Milk succar<br/>4-''O''-β-<small>D</small>-galactopyranosyl-<small>D</small>-glucose
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
|   ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 5904
| InChI = 1/C12H22O11/c13-1-3-5(15)6(16)9(19)12(22-3)23-10-4(2-14)21-11(20)8(18)7(10)17/h3-20H,1-2H2/t3-,4-,5+,6+,7-,8-,9-,10-,11-,12+/m1/s1
| InChIKey = GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-DCSYEGIMBP
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/C12H22O11/c13-1-3-5(15)6(16)9(19)12(22-3)23-10-4(2-14)21-11(20)8(18)7(10)17/h3-20H,1-2H2/t3-,4-,5+,6+,7-,8-,9-,10-,11-,12+/m1/s1
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-DCSYEGIMSA-N
| CASNo = 63-42-3
|    CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
|   EC-number = 200-559-2
|   PubChem = 6134
| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|changed|EBI}}
| ChEMBL = 417016
|   UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = J2B2A4N98G
| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEBI = 36218
| SMILES = C([C@@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H](O1)O[C@@H]2[C@H](O[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]2O)O)O)CO)O)O)O)O
}}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
|   Formula = C<sub>12</sub>H<sub>22</sub>O<sub>11</sub>
|   MolarMass = 342.30 g/mol
|   Appearance = white solid
|   Density = 1.525 g/cm<sup>3</sup>
|   MeltingPt = 202.8&nbsp;°C<ref name=Ald>Anonymous. Sigma Aldrich. Lactose Product. https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/US/en/product/sial/17814 St. Louis MO.</ref>
|   BoilingPt = 668.9&nbsp;°C<ref name=Ald/>
|   Solubility = 21.6 g/100 mL<ref>The solubility of lactose in water is 18.9049&nbsp;g at 25&nbsp;°C, 25.1484&nbsp;g at 40&nbsp;°C and 37.2149&nbsp;g at 60&nbsp;°C per 100&nbsp;g solution. Its solubility in [[ethanol]] is 0.0111&nbsp;g at 40&nbsp;°C and 0.0270&nbsp;g at 60&nbsp;°C per 100&nbsp;g solution.{{citation | year = 2001 | last1 = Machado | first1 = José J. B. | first2 = João A. | last2 = Coutinho | first3 = Eugénia A. | last3 = Macedo | title = Solid–liquid equilibrium of α-lactose in ethanol/water | url = http://path.web.ua.pt/file/FPE%20(2000)%20173%20121.pdf | journal = Fluid Phase Equilibria | volume = 173 | issue = 1 | pages = 121–34 | doi = 10.1016/S0378-3812(00)00388-5}}.
ds</ref>
  }}
| Section4 = {{Chembox Thermochemistry| DeltaHc = 5652 kJ/mol, 1351 kcal/mol, 16.5 kJ/g, 3.94 kcal/g}}
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards
|   EUIndex = nae leetit
|   FlashPt = 357.8&nbsp;°C<ref name="Ald"/>
|   Autoignition =
|  NFPA-H = 1
|  NFPA-F = 0
|  NFPA-R = 0
  }}
}}

{{fixscots|date=Januar 2021}}

| rr              = Sang am dong
| mr              = Sang am dong
| area_km2        = 8.38
| pop             = 19535
| popnote         = <ref name="Sangam office" />
| popyear         = 2008
| popden_km2      = 
| popdennote      = 
| divs            = 
| map             = 
|mapcaption       = 
}}

in the [[Danube Bend]] near [[Visegrád]], [[Hungary]]]]

{{fixscots}}
{{unsoorced}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| name = Hyraxes
| fossil_range = 
| image = Yellow-spotted Rock Hyrax.jpg
| image_width =
| image_caption = Yellae-spottit hyrax (''[[Heterohyrax brucei]]'')
| taxon = Hyracoidea
| authority = [[Thomas Henry Huxley|Huxley]], 1869
| display parents = 3
| subdivision_ranks = [[Faimily (biology)|Faimilies]]
| subdivision =
* {{extinct}}[[Pliohyracidae]]
* '''Procaviidae'''
}}
A '''hyrax''' (frae Greek {{lang|grc|ὕραξ}} "shrewmouse") is ony [[species]] o fairly smaa, thickset, herbivorous [[mammal]]s in the [[Order (biology)|order]] '''Hyracoidea'''. The [[rock hyrax]] ''Procavia capensis'', the [[Yellae-spottit Rock Hyrax|yellae-spottit rock hyrax]] ''Heterohyrax brucei'', the [[Wastren Tree Hyrax|wastren tree hyrax]] ''Dendrohyrax dorsalis'', an the [[Soothren Tree Hyrax|soothren tree hyrax]], ''Dendrohyrax arboreus'' live in [[Africae]] an the [[Middle East]].

[[Image:AlexanderHenderson.jpg|thumb|260px|Alexander Henderson]]
'''Alexander Henderson''' ({{circa|1583}}{{snd}}19 August 1646) wis a Scots theologian, an an important ecclesiastical statesman o his period. He is conseedert the seicont foonder o the [[Reformed Kirk]] in Scotland, an its Presbyterian kirks are lairgely indebtit tae him for the forms o their dogmas an organisation.

{{fixscots|date=Januar 2021}}

</ref>
|scots_name= Stranrawer<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.scotslanguage.com/books/view/1/823/Names%20in%20Scots%20-%20Places%20in%20Scotland |title=Scots Language Centre: Scottish Place Names in Scots |access-date=2020-03-20 |archive-date=2020-03-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200319215057/http://www.scotslanguage.com/books/view/1/823/Names%20in%20Scots%20-%20Places%20in%20Scotland |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|population= 10,851
|population_ref= ([[United Kingdom Census 2001|2001 Census]])
|os_grid_reference= NX059606
|coordinates = {{coord|54.902|-5.027|display=inline,title}}
|unitary_scotland= [[Dumfries an Gallowa]]
|lieutenancy_scotland= [[Wigtounshire|Wigtoun]]
|constituency_westminster= [[Dumfries and Galloway (UK Parliament constituency)|Dumfries and Galloway]]
|constituency_scottish_parliament= [[Galloway and West Dumfries (Scottish Parliament constituency)|Galloway and West Dumfries]]
|post_town= STRANRAER
|postcode_district= DG9 
|postcode_area= DG   
|edinburgh_distance_mi = 102
|london_distance = {{convert|310|mi|km|abbr=on|0}}
|dial_code= 01776
}}

|unitary_scotland = [[Politics o Glesga|Glesga Ceety Cooncil]]
 |lieutenancy_scotland = Glesga
|constituency_westminster= [[Glesga North Wast (UK Pairlament constituency)|Glesgow North Wast]]
|constituency_scottish_parliament= [[Glesga Kelvin (Scots Pairlament constituency)|Glesga Kelvin]]
|post_town= GLASGOW
|postcode_district = G11
|postcode_area= G
|dial_code= 0141
|edinburgh_distance=
|london_distance=
}}
'''Pairtick''' ({{lang-gd|Pàrtaig}}, {{lang-en|Partick}}) is an aurie o [[Glesga]] on the north bank o the [[River Clyde]], juist athort frae [[Gouan]].

|timezone = [[Eastren European Time|EET]]
 |utc_offset = +2
 |map_caption = Location o Kayseri athin Turkey.
 |timezone_DST = [[Eastren European Simmer Time|EEST]]
 |utc_offset_DST = +3
 |official_name = Kayseri
 |image_skyline = Kayseri Turkey.jpg
 |image_caption = A view frae central Kayseri
 |image_blank_emblem = 
 |blank_emblem_type = 
 | subdivision_type1 = [[Regions o Turkey|Region]]|
subdivision_name1 = [[Central Anatolie Region|Central Anatolie]]
 |subdivision_type2 = [[Provinces o Turkey|Province]]|
subdivision_name2 = Kayseri
 | population_metro =  1.064.164
 |population_urban =
 |population_as_of = 2010
 |population_footnotes = <ref name=ks2010>http://report.tuik.gov.tr/reports/rwservlet?adnks {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111004070203/http://report.tuik.gov.tr/reports/rwservlet?adnks |date=2011-10-04 }} = &report = turkiye_il_koy_sehir.RDF&p_kod = 1&desformat = html&ENVID = adnksEnv (TÜİK)</ref>
 |population_density_km2 = 
 |area_total_km2 = 
 |elevation_m = 1050
 |pushpin_map = Turkey
 |pushpin_label_position = <!-- the position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none -->
 |pushpin_map_caption = Location o Kayseri, Turkey
 |pushpin_mapsize = 
 |coordinates = {{coord|38|44|N|35|29|E|region:TR|display=inline}}
 |postal_code_type = [[Postal code]]|
postal_code = 38x xx
 |blank_info = 38|blank_name = [[Turkis caur number plates|Licence&nbsp;plate]]|
 area_code = (+90) 352
 |leader_title = Mayor
 |leader_name = Mehmet Özhaseki ([[Juistice an Development Pairty (Turkey)|AKP]]) 
 |website = [http://www.kayseri.bel.tr www.kayseri.bel.tr] <br>[http://www.kayseri.gov.tr www.kayseri.gov.tr]
}}

|birth_place = [[Vienna]], [[Austrick-Hungary]]
|death_date = {{Death date and age|1958|12|15|1900|4|25|df=yes}}
|death_place = [[Zurich]], [[Swisserland]]
|citizenship = [[Swisserland]]
|nationality = [[Austrick]]
|fields = [[Physics]]
|workplaces = [[Varsity o Göttingen]]<br/> [[Varsity o Copenhagen]]<br/> [[Varsity o Hamburg]]<br/> [[ETH Zurich]]<br/> [[Institute for Advanced Study]]
|alma_mater = [[Ludwig-Maximilians Varsity]]
|doctoral_advisor = [[Arnold Sommerfeld]]
|academic_advisors = [[Max Born]] 
|doctoral_students = [[Nicholas Kemmer]]<br/> [[Felix Villars]]<!--<br/> [[Alexander Rusterholz]]<br/> [[Paul Güttinger]]<br/> [[Andreas Valkó]]<br/> [[Max Schafroth]]<br/> [[Saleh Selim-Younis]]<br/> [[Jean-Pierre Blaser]]<br/> [[Beat Troesch]]<br/> [[Hans Aeppli]]<br/> 	
[[Armin Thellung]]<br/> [[Philippe Choquard]]<br/> [[Charles Enz]]-->	
|notable_students = [[Markus Fierz]]<br/>[[Sigurd Zienau]]<br/>[[Hans Frauenfelder]]
|known_for = '''[[Pauli exclusion principle]]'''<br/> [[Pauli–Villars regularization]]<br/> [[Pauli matrices]]<br/> [[Pauli effect]]<br/> [[Pauli equation]]<br/> [[Pauli group]]<br/> [[Pauli repulsion]]<br/> [[Pauli–Lubanski pseudovector]] <br/> [[Nae even wrang|Coinin 'nae even wrang']]
|influences = [[Ernst Mach]]<br/> [[Carl Jung]]
|influenced = [[Ralph Kronig]]
|awards = [[Lorentz Medal]] (1931)<br>{{nowrap|[[Nobel Prize in Physics]] (1945)}}<br> [[Matteucci Medal]] (1956)<br> [[Max Planck Medal]] (1958)
|religion = [[Deist]]
|signature = 
|footnotes = His godfaither wis [[Ernst Mach]]. He is nae to be confused wi [[Wolfgang Paul]], whom Pauli cried his "imaginary part",<ref>Gerald E. Brown and Chang-Hwan Lee (2006): ''Hans Bethe and His Physics'', World Scientific, ISBN 981-256-610-4, [http://books.google.ie/books?id=HaL-NNHBmM0C&pg=PA47 p. 338]</ref> a pun wi the [[imaginary unit]] ''i''.
}}
'''Wolfgang Ernst Pauli''' (25 Apryle 1900 – 15 December 1958) wis an [[Austrick]]-born [[Swiss]] [[theoretical physicist]] an ane o the pioneers o [[quantum mechanics|quantum physics]]. In 1945, efter haein been nominatit bi [[Albert Einstein]],<ref>{{cite web|title=Nomination Database: Wolfgang Pauli |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/nomination/archive/show_people.php?id=7042|publisher=Nobelprize.org|accessdate=2015-11-17}}</ref> Pauli received the [[Nobel Prize in Physics]] for his "decisive contreibution throu his diskivery o a new law o Naitur, the exclusion principle or [[Pauli exclusion principle|Pauli principle]]". The diskivery involved [[spin (physics)|spin theory]], that is the basis o a theory o the [[Maiter#Structur|structur o maiter]].

{{Centurybox|20}}
The '''20t century''' wis the period atween 1 Januar 1901<ref>"[http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive-free/pdf?res=9800E7D6133DEE32A25752C0A9679C946097D6CF Twentieth Century's Triumphant Entry]". The New York Times. January 1, 1901</ref> an 31 December 2000,<ref>"[http://www.rmg.co.uk/explore/astronomy-and-time/time-facts/faqs/new-millennium-where-when-why When and where did the new Millennium officially start, and why?] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120620022252/http://www.rmg.co.uk/explore/astronomy-and-time/time-facts/faqs/new-millennium-where-when-why |date=2012-06-20 }}".  Royal Observatory Greenwich</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://aa.usno.navy.mil/faq/docs/millennium.php|title=The 21st Century and the 3rd Millennium When Did They Begin?|publisher=United States Naval Observatory|accessdate=2013-06-07|archive-date=2019-10-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191002112920/https://aa.usno.navy.mil/faq/docs/millennium.php|url-status=dead}}</ref> inclusive. It wis the tent an last century o the [[2nt millennium]]. It is distinct frae the century kent as the '''1900s''' (whiles written 19XX<!--redirect target-->), that began on 1 Januar 1900 an endit 31 December 1999.

'''Atomism''' (frae [[Auncient Greek|Greek]] {{lang|grc|ἄτομον}}, ''atomon'', i.e. "uncuttable", "indiveesible"<ref>{{LSJ|a)/tomos|ἄτομον|ref}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=atom|url=http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=atom&allowed_in_frame=0|publisher=[[Online Etymology Dictionary]]}}</ref><ref>The term 'atomism' is recordit in Inglis syne 1670–80 (''[[Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary]]'', 2001, "atomism").</ref>) is a [[naitural filosofie]] that developed in several auncient tradeetions.

--[[==========================================================================]]
--[[                      Case sensitive conf/map table                       ]]
--[[==========================================================================]]

|Lageplan          = Maasholm in SL.PNG
|Bundesland        = Schleswig-Holstein
|Kreis             = Schleswig-Flensburg
|Amt               = Geltinger Bucht
|Höhe              = 0
|Fläche            = 8.4
|Einwohner         = 662
|Stand             = 2006-12-31
|PLZ               = 24404
|Vorwahl           = 04642
|Kfz               = SL
|Gemeindeschlüssel = 01 0 59 142
|Adresse-Verband   = Holmlück 2<br />24972 Steinbergkirche
|Website           = [http://www.amt-steinbergkirche.de/ www.amt-<br />steinbergkirche.de]
|Bürgermeister     = Kay-Uwe Andresen
|Partei            =
}}

The '''Ford Focus''' is a [[compact caur]] ([[C-segment]] in Europe) manufactured bi the [[Ford Motor Company]] syne 1998. Ford began sales o the Focus tae Europe in Julie 1998 an in North Americae durin 1999 for the 2000 [[model year]].

The '''Seicont Punic War''', forby referred tae as '''The Hannibalic War''', (bi the Romans) '''The War Against Hannibal''', or "The Carthaginian War", lasted frae 218 tae 201 BC<ref>Bagnell, p. vii.</ref> an involved combatants in the wastren an eastren [[Mediterranean]].

'''Invertebrates''' is ony [[animal]] species that disnae hae nor develop a [[vertebral column]], derived frae the [[notochord]]. Exemples o invertebrates incluid the [[Mollusca|molluscs]], sic as seechs an snails, [[Arthropod|arthropods]], consistin o [[Arachnid|arachnids]], [[Crustacean|crustaceans]] an [[Insect|insects]], an [[Cnidaria|cnidarians]] lik [[coral]] an [[loch-livers]], amang mony mair [[Taxon|taxa]].

{{fixscots|date=Februar 2021}}

{{Automatic taxobox
| fossil_range        = {{fossil range|3.6|0|[[Pliocene]]–Recent|ref=<ref>{{cite web|url=http://fossilworks.org/bridge.pl?a=taxonInfo&taxon_no=42521|title=Fossilworks: Camelus|website=fossilworks.org|access-date=2019-07-13|archive-date=2021-03-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303131212/http://fossilworks.org/bridge.pl?a=taxonInfo&taxon_no=42521|url-status=dead}}</ref>}}
| name = Caumel
| image = 07. Camel Profile, near Silverton, NSW, 07.07.2007.jpg
| image_alt = A ane-humped caumel
| image_caption = [[Dromedary]]<br> (''Camelus dromedarius'')
| image2 = Bactrian Camel.jpg
| image2_alt = A shaggy twa-humped caumel
| image2_caption = [[Bactrian camel]]<br> (''Camelus bactrianus'')
| taxon = Camelus
| authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], [[10t edeetion o Systema Naturae|1758]]
<!--| range_map = need combined range map of all three camel species-->
<!--| range_map_caption = Global range of camels-->
| subdivision_ranks = Speshies
| subdivision =
''[[Camelus bactrianus]]''<br />
''[[Camelus dromedarius]]''<br />
''[[Camelus ferus]]''<br />
†''[[Camelus gigas]]'' (fossil)<ref>{{cite web|publisher=BayScience Foundation, Inc|title=Camelus gigas|url=http://zipcodezoo.com/index.php/Camelus_gigas|work=ZipcodeZoo|accessdate=17 April 2016|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160508075718/http://zipcodezoo.com/index.php/Camelus_gigas|archivedate=8 May 2016|df=dmy-all}}</ref><br />
†''[[Camelus moreli]]'' (fossil)<br />
†''[[Camelus sivalensis]]'' (fossil)<ref>{{cite book| publisher = R. Hardwicke| last = Falconer| first = Hugh| title = Palæontological Memoirs and Notes of the Late Hugh Falconer: Fauna antiqua sivalensis| year = 1868| page = 231| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=hb4wAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA231| deadurl = no| archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20160511033140/https://books.google.com/books?id=hb4wAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA231| archivedate = 2016-05-11| df = }}</ref>
| synonyms = {{collapsible list|Title=List
|''Camellus'' <small>[[Juan Ignacio Molina|Molina]], 1782</small>
|''Dromedarius'' <small>[[C. L. Gloger|Gloger]], 1841</small>
}}
}}
A '''caumel''' is an [[even-taed ungulate]] within the genus '''''Camelus''''', bearin distinctive fatty deposits kent as "humps" on its back.

{{fixscots|date=Januar 2021}}

{{fixscots}}

{{fixscots|September 2020}}

'''Fascism''' is a [[Poleetical radicalism|radical]] [[Authoritarianism|authoritarian]] [[Naitionalism|naitionalist]] poleetical [[ideology]].<ref>Turner, Henry Ashby, ''Reappraisals of Fascism''. New Viewpoints, 1975. p. 162. States fascism's "goals of radical and authoritarian nationalism".</ref><ref>Larsen, Stein Ugelvik, Bernt Hagtvet and Jan Petter Myklebust, ''Who were the Fascists: Social Roots of European Fascism'', p. 424, "organized form of integrative radical nationalist authoritarianism"</ref> Fascists seek tae rejuvenate thair [[naition]] based on commitment tae the naitional community as an organic entity, in which individuals are bund thegither in [[naitional identity]] bi suprapersonal connections o [[ancestry]], [[cultur]], an [[Heredity|bluid]].<ref name="Blamires, Cyprian 2006 pp. 140-141">Blamires, Cyprian, ''World Fascism: a Historical Encyclopedia, Volume 1'' (Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO, Inc., 2006) pp. 140-141.</ref> Tae achieve this, fascists purge forces, ideas, fowk, an seestems deemed tae be the cause o [[decadence]] an [[degeneration]].<ref name="Blamires, Cyprian 2006 pp. 140-141"/> Fascists advocate the creation o a [[Totalitarianism|totalitarian]] [[single-pairty state]] that seeks the mass mobilization o a naition throu [[indoctrination]], [[pheesical education]], [[discipline]] an faimily policy (sic as [[eugenics]]).<ref name=gj120>Grčić, Joseph. ''Ethics and Political Theory'' (Lanham, Maryland: University of America, Inc, 2000) p. 120</ref><ref>Blamires, Cyprian, ''World Fascism: a Historical Encyclopedia, Volume 1'' (Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO, Inc., 2006) p. 670.</ref> That state is led bi a [[supreme leader]] who exercises a [[dictatorship]] ower the fascist muivement, the government an ither state institutions.<ref>Bhushan, Vidya, ''Comparative Politics'', 3rd ed. (New Delhi, India: Atlantic Publishers, 2006) p. 208.</ref> Fascist governments forbid an suppress opposition.<ref>Kent, Allen, Harold Lancour and William Z. Nasri, ''Encyclopedia of Library and Information Science: Volume 62, Supplement 25, Automated Discourse Generation to the User-Centered Revolution: 1970–1995.'' (CRC Press, 1998) ISBN 978-0-8247-2062-9, p. 69.</ref>

| term_end    = 
| predecessor = [[Salar Kamangar]]
|birth_name   = Susan Diane Wojcicki
|birth_date   = {{Birth date and age|1968|07|05|mf=yes}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.familytreelegends.com/records/39461?c=search&first=Susan&last=Wojcicki |title=California Births, 1905 - 1995 |publisher=Familytreelegends.com |date= |access-date=March 15, 2014 |archive-date=2013-06-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130604041118/http://www.familytreelegends.com/records/39461?c=search&first=Susan&last=Wojcicki |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|birth_place  = [[Santa Clara Coonty, Californie]], U.S.
|death_date   = 
|death_place  = 
|citizenship  = [[Unitit States]]<br>[[Poland]]
|education    = [[Gunn High School]]
|alma_mater   = [[Harvard College]] <small>([[Bachelor o Airts|B.A.]])</small><br />[[Varsity o Californie, Santa Cruz]] <small>([[Master o Science|M.S.]])</small><br />[[UCLA Anderson School o Management]] <small>([[Master o Business Admeenistration|M.B.A.]])</small>
|years_active = 1999–present
|salary       = 
|party        = 
|boards       = 
|spouse       = {{marriage|Dennis Troper|1998}}
|children     = 5
|parents      = [[Stanley Wojcicki]]<br />[[Esther Wojcicki]]
|relatives    = [[Anne Wojcicki]] (sister)<br>[[Sergey Brin]] (brither-in-law, 2007–2015)
}}
'''Susan Diane Wojcicki''' ({{IPAc-en|v|uː|j|ˈ|tʃ|ɪ|s|k|i}} {{respell|vooy|CHIS|kee}}, {{IPA-pl|vujˈt͡ɕit͡skʲi|lang}};<ref>{{YouTube|a07s88y7f-k|"#DearMe: Susan Wojcicki, CEO of YouTube"}}</ref> born 5 Julie 1968) is a [[Pols Americans|Pols-American]] technology executive. She haes been the [[Chief executive officer|CEO]] o [[YouTube]] syne Februar 2014.<ref>{{cite news|last=Orescovic|first=Alexi|title=Google taps longtime executive Wojcicki to head YouTube|url=http://in.reuters.com/article/2014/02/05/us-google-youtube-idINBREA141Y420140205|work=Reuters|date=February 5, 2014|access-date=2019-02-23|archive-date=2015-07-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150721213513/http://in.reuters.com/article/2014/02/05/us-google-youtube-idINBREA141Y420140205|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Gustin|first=Sam|title=Google Ad Chief Susan Wojcicki: 'The Book Isn't Finished'|url=https://www.wired.com/epicenter/2011/05/susan-wojcicki/|access-date=10 September 2011|newspaper=Wired.com|date=3 May 2011}}</ref>

The '''[[Austrick]] preses election 2016''' wis on on the 24t Apryle 2016 (first roun) an the 22t Mey 2016 (first saicont roun) an 4t o December 2016 (saicont time daein the saicont roun). The first saicont roun wis atween [[Alexander Van der Bellen]], wanthirlt candidate that is pairt o the [[Green pairty o Austrick|Greens]] (the winner) an [[Norbert Hofer]] o the [[FPÖ]]. The election wis eminent fur twa things: first, it wis the saicont Green preses in the warld, an the first in Austrick an, seicont, baith the feckmaist pairties o Austrick (the Social Democratic Pairty an the Fowk Pairty) wis out o the election fae the first roun. On the 1t o Julie, the constitutional court decides there eneuch irregularities (but nae cheaterie) that the fowk maun redae the election. In the redaein o the election, Van der Bellen bears the gree again, wi a muckler distance aheid o Hofer (53% agin 47%).

| native_name             = {{lower|0.1em|{{nobold|은평구}}}}
| native_name_lang        = ko
| official_name           = {{lang|ko|{{nobold|은평구 · 恩平區}}}}
| settlement_type         = [[Leet o destricts o Seoul|Destrict]]
<!-- images, nickname, motto --->
| image_skyline           = Eunpyeong-gu Office 20201009 001.jpg
| imagesize               =
| image_alt               =
| image_caption           = Eunpyeong-gu Office
| image_flag              = 
| flag_alt                =
| image_seal              = 
| seal_alt                =
| image_shield            =
| shield_alt              =
| image_blank_emblem      = 
| nickname                =
| motto                   =
<!-- maps and coordinates ------>
| image_map               = Seoul Eunpyeong-gu.svg
| map_alt                 =
| map_caption             = Location of Eunpyeong-gu in [[Seoul]]
| image_dot_map           =
| dot_mapsize             =
| dot_map_base_alt        =
| dot_map_alt             =
| dot_map_caption         =
| dot_x = |dot_y =
| pushpin_map             = 
| pushpin_label_position  = <!-- position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none -->
| pushpin_map_alt         =
| pushpin_map_caption     = &nbsp;
| coordinates             = 
| coor_pinpoint           = <!-- to specify exact location of coordinates (was coor_type) -->
| coordinates_footnotes   = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
<!-- location ------------------>
| subdivision_type        = [[Leet o kintras|Kintra]]
| subdivision_name        = [[Sooth Korea]]
| subdivision_type1       = [[Leet o regions o Korea|Region]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[Seoul Naitional Caipital Aurie|Sudogwon]]
| subdivision_type2       = [[Direct-controlled municipality#Sooth Korea|Special Ceety]]
| subdivision_name2       = [[Seoul]]
| subdivision_type3       = Admeenistrative dong
| subdivision_name3       = 20
<!-- established --------------->
| established_title       = <!-- Settled -->
| established_date        =
| founder                 =
| named_for               =
<!-- seat, smaller parts ------->
| seat_type               = <!-- defaults to: Seat -->
| seat                    =
<!-- government type, leaders -->
| government_footnotes    = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| leader_party            = 
| leader_title            = Mayor
| leader_name             = Uyeong KIM
| leader_title1           =
| leader_name1            = <!-- etc., up to leader_title4 / leader_name4 -->
<!-- display settings  --------->
| total_type              = <!-- to set a non-standard label for total area and population rows -->
| unit_pref               = <!-- enter: Imperial, to display imperial before metric -->
<!-- area ---------------------->
| area_magnitude          = <!-- use only to set a special wikilink -->
| area_footnotes          = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| area_total_km2          = 29.7
| area_total_sq_mi        = <!-- see table @ Template:Infobox settlement for details -->
| area_land_km2           =
| area_land_sq_mi         =
| area_water_km2          =
| area_water_sq_mi        =
| area_water_percent      =
| area_note               =
<!-- elevation ----------------->
| elevation_footnotes     = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| elevation_m             =
| elevation_ft            =
<!-- population ---------------->
| population_footnotes    = 
| population_total        = 450,583
| population_as_of        = 2010<ref name="kosispop">[http://kosis.kr/abroad/abroad_01List.jsp?parentId=A Korean Statistical Information Service (Korean) > Population and Household > Census Result (2010) > Population by Administrative district, Sex and Age / Alien by Administrative district and Sex], Retrieved 2010-06-02.</ref>
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_density_sq_mi=
| population_est          =
| pop_est_as_of           =
| population_demonym      = <!-- demonym, ie. Liverpudlian for someone from Liverpool -->
| population_note         = 
<!-- time zone(s) -------------->
| timezone1               = [[Korea Staundart Time]]
| utc_offset1             = +9
| timezone1_DST           =
| utc_offset1_DST         =
<!-- postal codes, area code --->
| postal_code_type        =  <!-- enter ZIP code, Postcode, Post code, Postal code... -->
| postal_code             =
| area_code_type          = <!-- defaults to: Area code(s) -->
| area_code               =
<!-- website, footnotes -------->
| website                 = [http://www.eunpyeong.seoul.kr/en/ Eunpyeong-gu official website]
| footnotes               =
}}

'' bi [[Johannes Vermeer]]]]
An '''astronomer''' is a scientist in the field o [[astronomy]] wha concentrates thair studies on a speceefic quaisten or field ootside o the scope o [[Yird]].

{{Taxobox
| name = Blackie, Merl(e), Lintoo
| status = LC
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| status_ref = <ref name="IUCN">{{IUCN2006|assessors=BirdLife International |year=2004 |id=51596|title=Turdus merula|downloaded=2007-12-06}} Database entry includes justification for why this species is of least concern</ref>
| image = Kos Turdus merulaRB.jpg
| image_width = 230px
| image_caption = An adult male
| image2= Common Blackbird (Turdus merula) (W1CDR0001425 BD22).ogg
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]]
| classis = [[bird|Aves]]
| ordo = [[Passerine|Passeriformes]]
| familia = [[Turdidae]]
| genus = '''Turdus'''
| binomial = ''Turdus merula''
| binomial_authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], 1758
| range_map = Turdus merula distribution2.jpg
| range_map_width = 230px
| range_map_caption =Approximate scowth gien in grey}}

wrate the best kent fictional biographie o the Middle Ages wi ''[[Le Morte d'Arthur]]'' anent the life o [[Keeng Arthur]].]]

is an [[emulsion|emulsified]] colloid o liquid [[butterfat]] globules dispersed within a [[watter]]-based solution.]]
A '''colloid''' is a substance in which microscopically dispersed insoluble pairticles are suspendit throughoot anither substance.

{{fixscots|date=Dizember 2020}}

, Aztec goddess o growthiness, life, daith an rebirth]]
A '''growthiness deity''' is a god or goddess in [[meethologie]] associatit wi [[growthiness]], [[pregnancy]], an [[birth]]. In some cases these deities are directly associatit wi [[sexual intercourse|sex]], an in ithers they simply embody relatit attributes.  The follaein is a leet o growthiness deities.

]]
'''Jules Shungu Wembadio Pene Kikunba''', kent as '''Papa Wemba''' ([[14 Juin]] [[1949]] à Lubefu in the [[Belgian Congo]] (thir days in East Kasai in the [[Democratic Republic o the Congo]]) an deid [[24 Aprile]] [[2016]] at [[Abidjan]] in [[Côte d'Ivoire]]) wis a Congolese muisicker, sangster an actor. He played maist aften muisic genres fae Congo itsel: [[Congolese rumba]], [[soukous]], [[ndombolo]].

| area_total_km2          = {{Area Swedish municipality|type=total|municipality=Tibro Municipality}}
| area_land_km2           = {{Area Swedish municipality|type=land|municipality=Tibro Municipality}}
| area_water_km2          = {{Area Swedish municipality|type=water|municipality=Tibro Municipality}}
| area_water_percent      = 
| area_note               = Aurie as o {{Area Swedish municipality|TXT=date}}.
| elevation_footnotes     = 
| elevation_m             = 
| population_footnotes    = {{Population Swedish municipality|TXT=ref}}
| population_total        = {{Population Swedish municipality|municipality=Tibro Municipality}}
| population_as_of        = {{Population Swedish municipality|TXT=date}}
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_note         = 
| timezone1               = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset1             = +1
| timezone1_DST           = [[Central European Simmer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset1_DST         = +2
| blank_name_sec1         = [[Provinces o Swaden|Province]]
| blank_info_sec1         = [[Västergötland]]
| blank1_name_sec1        = [[Kommunkod|Municipal code]]
| blank1_info_sec1        = 1472
| postal_code_type        = [[Postal codes in Swaden|Postal code]]
| postal_code             = 
| area_code_type          = 
| area_code               = 
| iso_code                = [[ISO 3166-2:SE|SE<!--??-->]]
| website                 = [http://www.tibro.se www.tibro.se]<!-- {{URL|example.com}} -->
| footnotes               = 
}}

{{Unsoorced}}

{{Subspeciesbox
 | name = Chicken
 | status = DOM
 | image = Male and female chicken sitting together.jpg
 | image_caption = A [[cock]] (left) an hen (richt)
 | genus = Gallus
 | species = gallus
 | species_link = Reid junglefoul
 | subspecies = domesticus
 | authority =([[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], [[10t edeetion o Systema Naturae|1758]])
}}
The '''chicken''' (''Gallus gallus'', whiles ''G. gallus domesticus''), aft kent as a '''teukie''' frae the ''teuk teuk'' soond it maks, is a caif foul. Evidence newlin foond mynts that domestication o the chicken wis unner wey in [[Vietnam]] ower 10,000 year syne. Afore this discovery, conventional wit haudit that the chicken wis domesticatit in [[Indie]].
A '''poullie''' is a young chicken for bylin in a pat.
{{Commonscat|Chickens}}

</ref>
| name                      = Ludwig Wittgenstein
| image                     =36. Portrait of Ludwig Wittgenstein, 1930.jpg 
| image_size                = 180px
| alt                       = photograph
| caption                   = Ludwig Wittgenstein (1930)
| birth_date                = {{Birth date|df=y|1889|04|26}}
| birth_place               = [[Vienna]], [[Austrick-Hungary]]
| death_date                = {{Death date and age|df=y|1951|04|29|1889|04|26}}
| death_place               = [[Cambridge]], Ingland
| death_cause               = [[Prostate cancer]]
| resting_place             = [[Ascension Parish Burial Grund, Cambridge|Ascension Parish Burial Grund]], Cambridge
| resting_place_coordinates = {{Coord|52.2176|N|0.1001|E|type:landmark_region:GB|display=title}}
main_interests = [[Logic]], [[Metapheesics]], [[Filosofie o leid]], [[Filosofie o mathematics]], [[Filosofie o mind]], [[Epistemology]]
| influences = [[Gottlob Frege]], [[Johann Wolfgang von Goethe]], [[Søren Kierkegaard]], [[G. E. Moore]], [[Oswald Spengler]], [[Ludwig Boltzmann]], [[Karl Kraus]], [[Adolf Loos]], [[Piero Sraffa]], [[Otto Weininger]], [[Bertrand Russell]], [[Arthur Schopenhauer]], [[Baruch Spinoza]], [[Leo Tolstoy]], [[Heinrich Hertz]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://faculty.education.illinois.edu/burbules/syllabi/Materials/Wittgenstein_as_Engineer.html |title="Wittgenstein As Engineer" |access-date=2015-03-28 |archive-date=2018-02-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180210153804/http://faculty.education.illinois.edu/burbules/syllabi/Materials/Wittgenstein_as_Engineer.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Hermann von Helmholtz]]<ref>Patton, Lydia, 2009, "Signs, Toy Models, and the A Priori: from Helmholtz to Wittgenstein," ''Studies in the History and Philosophy of Science'', '''40''' (3): 281–289.</ref>
| influenced = [[Bertrand Russell]], [[G.E. Moore]], [[Frank P. Ramsey]], [[Vienna Circle]], [[Rudolf Carnap]], [[Alan Turing]], [[G.E.M. Anscombe]], [[Peter Geach]], [[Anthony Kenny]], [[Barry Stroud]], [[Gilbert Ryle]], [[Saul Kripke]],  [[John Searle]], [[John McDowell]], [[Hans Sluga]], [[Peter Hacker]], [[Stephen Toulmin]], [[Hannah Ginsborg]]
| website                   = [http://wab.aksis.uib.no/index.page The Wittgenstein Archives at the University of Bergen]<br>[http://www.wittgen-cam.ac.uk/cgi-bin/forms/home.cgi The Cambridge Wittgenstein Archive]
| signature                 = 
}}
'''Ludwig Josef Johann Wittgenstein''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|v|ɪ|t|g|ən|ˌ|s|t|aɪ|n}};<ref>[http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/wittgenstein "Wittgenstein"]. ''[[Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary]]''.</ref> {{IPA-de|ˈvɪtgənˌʃtaɪn|lang}}; 26 Aprile 1889 – 29 Aprile 1951) wis an Austrick-Breetish filosofer who wirked primarily in [[logic]], the [[filosofie o mathematics]], the [[filosofie o mind]], an the [[filosofie o leid]].<ref name="Time">{{cite news|title=LUDWIG WITTGENSTEIN: Philosopher (subscription required)&nbsp;— Time 100: Scientists and Thinkers issue|work=Time Magazine Online|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,990616,00.html|date=29 March 1999|last=Dennett|first=Daniel|accessdate=29 November 2011|archive-date=2013-08-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130826120239/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,990616,00.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>

'''Stepanakert''' (Armenian: Ստեփանակերտ, romanised: Step'anakert, Eastren pronunciation: [stɛpʰɑnɑˈkɛɾt]) or '''Khankendi''' (Azerbaijani: Xankəndi, pronunced [xɑnkænˈdi]) is a city in the Nagorno-Karabakh airt o Azerbaijan. The city wis unner the haudin an the caipital city o the brakaff Republic o Artsakh afore the 2023 Azerbaijani offensive in the airt. The city is locate in a valley on the eastren slopes o the Karabakh muntain reeng, on the left baunk o the Qarqarçay (Karkar) river.

|elevation_m            = 64
|area_code              = 021
|website                =
}}

|birth_place     = [[Saint-Germain-en-Laye|Saint Germain en Laye]], Fraunce
|death_date      = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1715|9|1|1638|9|5}}
|death_place     = [[Palace o Versailles]], [[Versailles (ceety)|Versailles]], Fraunce
|place of burial = [[Saunt Denis Basilica|Ryal Basilica]], [[Saint-Denis|Saint Denis]], Fraunce
|religion        = [[Catholicism]]
 | full name = Louis Dieudonné de France
|signature       = Louis XIV Signature.svg
}}
'''Louis XIV''' (5 September 1638{{spaced ndash}}1 September 1715), kent as '''Louis the Great''' (''Louis le Grand'') or the '''Sun King''' (''le Roi-Soleil''), wis a monarch o the [[Hoose o Bourbon]] who ruled as [[Leet o French monarchs|Keeng o Fraunce]] an [[Kinrick o Navarre|Navarre]] frae 1643 till his daith.<ref>''See'' [[Leet o Navarrese monarchs]] an [[Keengs o Navarre faimily tree|thair faimily tree]].</ref> His reign o 72 year an 110 days is the [[Leet o langest-reignin monarchs|langest]] o monarchs o major kintras in [[European history]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761572792/Louis_XIV.html|title=Louis XIV|publisher=MSN Encarta|year=2008|accessdate=20 January 2008|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5kx6kxUSq?url=http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761572792/Louis_XIV.html|archivedate=2009-11-01|url-status=dead}}</ref> He weas succeeded bi [[Louis XV o Fraunce|Louis XV]], but Louis' nephew an son-in-law [[Philippe, Duke o Orléans, Regent o Fraunce|Philippe d'Orléans, Duke o Orléans]] acted as [[regent]] till the young king became o age in 1723.

The '''Beach Ballroom''' is an art deco<ref>{{Cite web|date=2010-07-28|title=Brintons recreates art deco design for ballroom|url=https://www.kidderminstershuttle.co.uk/news/business_daily/8292559.brintons-recreates-art-deco-design-for-ballroom/|access-date=2023-10-19|website=Kidderminster Shuttle|language=en}}</ref> biggin on the beach boulevard o [[Aiberdeen]], Scotland. It haes een o Scotland's maist fine dance fleers – weel-kent fur its bounce – that flots on 1400 siccar steel springs.<ref>{{Cite news|last=The Newsroom|date=6 May 2019|title=Remembering 90 years of the good times at Aberdeen Beach Ballroom|work=The Scotsman|url=https://www.scotsman.com/heritage-and-retro/heritage/remembering-90-years-of-the-good-times-at-aberdeen-beach-ballroom-547171|url-status=live}}</ref> It was biggit, designit bi Thomas, Roberts & Hume, aifter a compeetion an costit £50,000. It wis opent wi a masked baw on 3 Mey 1926,<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|last=Drysdale|first=Neil|date=2022-03-09|title=Aberdeen's Beach Ballroom: Do you remember 'the place where boy met girl'?|url=https://www.pressandjournal.co.uk/fp/past-times/4028639/aberdeens-beach-ballroom/|access-date=2023-10-19|website=Press and Journal|language=en-GB}}</ref> and is a Categerie B leestit biggin.<ref>{{Cite web|title=THE ESPLANADE, BEACH BALLROOM (LB20314)|url=https://portal.historicenvironment.scot/designation/LB20314|access-date=2023-10-19|website=portal.historicenvironment.scot}}</ref> It wis usit bi the militar throu [[Warld War II]], wi sodgers sleepin on beds in the dancefleer.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Aberdeenshire Council Historic Environment Record - Aberdeen City - NJ90NE0173 - BEACH BALLROOM|url=https://online.aberdeenshire.gov.uk/smrpub/master/detail.aspx?tab=main&refno=NJ90NE0173|access-date=2023-10-19|website=online.aberdeenshire.gov.uk}}</ref> Dancin frae the Jazz era an tae Big Bands siclik Joe Loss an Victor Sylvester an in the 1960s, [[The Beatles]] playit for £45 afore their rise tae fame.<ref name=":2" />

{{chembox
| verifiedrevid = 477513893
|   ImageFileL1 = Propylene skeletal.svg
|   ImageNameL1 = Skeletal formula o propene
|   ImageFileR1 = Propene-2D-flat.png
|   ImageFileL2 = Propylene-3D-vdW.png
|   ImageFileR2 = Propylene-3D-balls.png
|   ImageNameR2 = Propylene
|   IUPACName = Propene
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
|   SMILES = C=CC
| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEMBL = 117213
|   CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| CASNo = 115-07-1
| UNNumber = [[Leet o UN Numbers 1001 tae 1100|1077]]<br/>''In [[Liquefied petroleum gas]]: ''[[Leet o UN Nummers 1001 tae 1100|1075]]
|   RTECS = UC6740000
| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}}
| KEGG = C11505
|  ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEBI = 16052
| PubChem = 8252
|  ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 7954
|  SMILES = CC=C
|  InChI = 1/C3H6/c1-3-2/h3H,1H2,2H3
|  InChIKey = QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYAA
|  StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/C3H6/c1-3-2/h3H,1H2,2H3
|  StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N
  }}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
|   C=3|H=6
|   Appearance = Colourless gas
|   Density = 1.81 kg/m<sup>3</sup>, gas (1.013 bar, 15 °C)<br>613.9 kg/m<sup>3</sup>, liquid
|   Solubility = 0.61 g/m<sup>3</sup>
|   BoilingPtC = − 47.6
|   MeltingPtC = − 185.2
|   Viscosity = 8.34 [[pascal second|µPa·s]] at 16.7 °C
  }}
| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure
|   Dipole = 0.366 [[Debye|D]] (gas)
  }}
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards
|   ExternalMSDS = [http://msds.chem.ox.ac.uk/PR/propene.html External MSDS]
|   MainHazards = Heichly flammable,<br />Asphyxiant
|   NFPA-H = 1
|   NFPA-F = 4
|   NFPA-R = 1
|   FlashPtC = −108
|   RPhrases = 12
|   SPhrases = 9-16-33
  }}
| Section8 = {{Chembox Related
|   Function = [[alkene]]s
|   OtherFunctn = [[Ethylene]]<br />[[Isomers o Butylene]]
|   OtherCpds = [[Propane]], [[Propyne]]<br />[[Propadiene]], [[1-Propanol]]<br />[[Isopropyl alcohol|2-Propanol]]
|   Function = groups
|   OtherFunctn = [[Allyl]], [[Propenyl]]}}
}}
'''Propene''', forby kent as '''propylene''' or '''methylethylene''', is an [[Unsaturatit compoond|unsaturatit]] [[organic compoond]] haein the [[chemical formula]] [[Carbon|C]]<sub>3</sub>[[Hydrogen|H]]<sub>6</sub>.

'''Brest''' mey refer tae:

The '''Tampereen Pyrintö''' are a Finnish professional basketbaw team based in [[Tampere]], [[Finland]]. Pyrintö plays the heichest level an is a Finnish Champion 2010, 2011 an 2014.<ref>http://pyrinto.fi/seura/</ref>

</ref>
|pop_date = 2008-12-31
|GDP = 48
|GDP_year = 2005
|GDP_percent = 2.1
|Website = [http://www.brandenburg.de/ brandenburg.de]
|leader_title =
|leader = Matthias Platzeck
|leader_party = SPD
|ruling_party1 = SPD
|ruling_party2 = [[The Left (Germany)|The Left]]
|votes = 4
|iso region = DE-BB
|Kfz = formerly: BP<small> (1945–1947)</small>, SB<small> (1948–1953)<ref>BP = Brandenburg Province, SB = Soviet Zone, Brandenburg. With the abolition of states in East Germany in 1952 vehicle registration followed the new Bezirk subdivisions. Since 1991 distinct prefixes are specified for each district.</ref></small>
|NUTS = DE4
|coordinates = {{coord|52|21|43|N|13|0|29|E|display=inline}}
|date=September 2010
}}
'''Brandenburg''' ({{Audio|De-Brandenburg.ogg|<small>listen</small>}}; [[Lawer Sorbian leid|Lawer Sorbian]]: ''Bramborska''; [[Upper Sorbian leid|Upper Sorbian]]: ''Braniborska'') is ane o the saxteen [[states o Germany|federal-states]] o [[Germany]]. It lees in the east o the kintra an is ane o the new federal states that wur re-creatit in 1990 upon the reunification o the umwhile [[Wast Germany]] an [[East Germany]]. The caipital is [[Potsdam]]. Brandenburg surroonds but does no include the naitional caipital an ceety-state o [[Berlin]].

In [[geology]], '''beryl''' is a [[meeneral]] componed o [[beryllium]] [[aluminium]] [[Silicate meenerals#Cyclosilicates|cyclosilicate]] wi the [[chemical formula]] Be<sub>3</sub>Al<sub>2</sub>(SiO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>6</sub>. The [[Hexagonal crystal seestem|hexagonal]] [[crystal]]s o beryl mey be vera smaa or range tae several meters in size. [[Terminated crystal]]s is relatively rare. Pure beryl is colourless, but it is frequently tintit bi impurities; possible colours are green, blae, yellae, reid, an white.

instead -->
| type                    = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment]]
| image_skyline           = 
| image_alt               = 
| image_caption           = 
| image_flag              = 
| flag_alt                = 
| image_shield            = Blason département fr Drôme.svg
| shield_alt              = 
| nickname                = 
| motto                   = 
| image_map               = Drôme-Position.svg
| map_alt                 = 
| map_caption             = Location o Drôme in Fraunce
| pushpin_map             = 
| pushpin_label_position  = 
| pushpin_map_alt         = 
| pushpin_map_caption     = 
| coordinates             = {{coord|44|45|N|05|10|E|region:FR_type:adm2nd_scale:2000000|display=inline}}
| coor_pinpoint           = 
| coordinates_footnotes   = 
| subdivision_type        = [[Leet o kintras|Kintra]]
| subdivision_name        = [[Fraunce]]
| subdivision_type1       = [[Regions o Fraunce|Region]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[Rhône-Alpes]]
| established_title       = 
| established_date        = 
| founder                 = 
| seat_type               = [[Prefecturs in Fraunce|Prefectur]]
| seat                    = [[Valence, Drôme|Valence]]
| parts_type              = [[Subprefecturs in Fraunce|Subprefecturs]]
| parts_style             = para
| p1                      = [[Die, Drôme|Die]]<br>[[Nyons]]
| government_footnotes    = 
| leader_party            = [[The Republicans (Fraunce)|The Republicans]]
| leader_title            = [[Preses o the general cooncil|Preses o the General Cooncil]]
| leader_name             = [[Patrick Labaune]]
| unit_pref               = Metric<!-- or US or UK -->
| area_magnitude          = 
| area_footnotes          = {{ref|area|1}}
| area_total_km2          = 6530
| area_note               = 
| elevation_footnotes     = 
| elevation_m             = 
| elevation_min_m         = 
| elevation_max_m         = 
| population_footnotes    = 
| population_total        = 473427
| population_as_of        = 2007
| population_rank         = [[Leet o French depairtments bi population|53rd]]
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_demonym      = 
| population_note         = 
| blank_name_sec1         = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment number]]
| blank_info_sec1         = 26
| blank_name_sec2         = [[Arrondissements o Fraunce|Arrondissements]]
| blank_info_sec2         = [[arrondissements o the Drôme depairtment|3]]
| blank1_name_sec2        = [[Cantons in Fraunce|Cantons]]
| blank1_info_sec2        = [[cantons o the Drôme depairtment|36]]
| blank2_name_sec2        = [[Communes in Fraunce|Communes]]
| blank2_info_sec2        = [[communes o the Drôme depairtment|369]]
| timezone1               = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset1             = +1
| timezone1_DST           = [[Central European Simmer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset1_DST         = +2
| postal_code_type        = 
| postal_code             = 
| area_code_type          = 
| area_code               = 
| iso_code                = 
| website                 = 
| footnotes               = {{note|area|1}} French Land Register data, which exclude [[estuar]]s, an lakes, ponds, an glaciers lairger than 1 km<sup>2</sup>
}}

The '''Mitsubishi Cordia''' is a [[compact caur|compact]] [[hatchback]]-[[coupé]] that wis biggit bi [[Mitsubishi Motors]] frae 1982 tae 1990. Its name is supposedly an amalgam o "cordorite" (a lustrous mineral) an "diamonds" frae Mitsubishi's ''Three Diamonds'' logo. Alongside the [[Mitsubishi Tredia|Tredia]] an [[Mitsubishi Starion|Starion]], it wis ane o the first caurs importit an sauld tae [[Unitit States|Americae]] bi the company athoot the involvement o its then pairtner, the [[Chrysler|Chrysler Corporation]].

{{other uses}}
</small><br /><small>{{lang|ko|現代}}</small>
|logo = 
|image = 
|image_caption =
|type = 
|fate         = Breuken up 
|foundation = 1947
|founder    = [[Chung Ju-yung]] 
|location = [[Seoul]], [[Sooth Korea]]
|area_served = Warldwide
|industry = Sevice business
||homepage = http://www.hyundaigroup.com
}}
{{Contains Korean text}}

{{fixscots|date=Dizember 2020}}

'''Taiga''' ({{lang-rus|тайга́|p=tɐjˈɡa}}; frae [[Turkic leids|Turkic]]<ref>"taiga." ''Dictionary.com Unabridged (v 1.1)''. Random House, Inc. 12 Mar. 2008. [http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/taiga ''web link'']</ref>) an aa known as '''boreal forest''' or '''snowforest''', is a [[biome]] characterised bi [[pinophyta|coniferous]] [[forest]]s consistin maistly o [[pine]]s, [[spruce]]s an [[larch]]es.

an [[Rubin vase]] can be perceived in mair nor ane wey.]]
'''Perception''' (frae the [[Laitin]] ''perceptio, percipio'') is the organisation, identification, an interpretation o [[Sensory seestem|sensory]] [[information]] in order tae represent an unnerstaund the environment.<ref>{{cite book |last=Schacter|first=Daniel|title=Psychology|url=https://archive.org/details/psychology0000scha_p3k2|year=2011|publisher=Worth Publishers}}</ref>

haed the slogan emblazoned on the ribbons in 15 leids spoken in the [[Republics o the Soviet Union|republics]].]] 
The [[poleetical slogan]] "'''Wirkers o the world, unite!'''" ({{lang-de|Proletarier aller Länder vereinigt Euch!}}, leeterally "''[[Proletariat|Proletarians]] o aw kintras, unite!''") is ane o the maist famous rallyin cries o [[communism]], foond in ''[[The Communist Manifesto]]'' (1848), bi [[Karl Marx]] an [[Friedrich Engels]]. A variation ("Wirkers o aw lands, unite") is an aa inscribit on Marx's tombstane.

{{Year nav|1924}}
Year '''1924''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MCMXXIV]]''') wis a [[leap year stairtin on Tysday]] (airtin will display the full calendar) o the [[Gregorian calendar]] an a [[leap year stairtin on Monanday]] o the [[Julian calendar]].

'''Invertebrates''' is ony [[animal]] species that disnae hae nor develop a [[vertebral column]], derived frae the [[notochord]]. Exemples o invertebrates incluid the [[Mollusca|molluscs]], sic as seechs an snails, [[Arthropod|arthropods]], consistin o [[Arachnid|arachnids]], [[Crustacean|crustaceans]] an [[Insect|insects]], an [[Cnidaria|cnidarians]] lik [[coral]] an [[loch-livers]], amang mony mair [[Taxon|taxa]].

|birth_place      = [[Rymanów]], [[Kinrick o Galicie an Lodomerie|Galicie]], [[Austrick-Hungary]] (the day Poland)
|citizenship      = [[Unitit States naitionality law|Unitit States]]
|death_date       = {{death date and age|1988|1|11|1898|7|29|df=y}}
|death_place      = [[New York Ceety]], [[New York (state)|New York]], U.S.
|field            = [[Pheesics]]
|workplaces       = [[Columbia Varsity]]<br/>[[Massachusetts Institute of Technology|MIT]]
|alma_mater       = [[Cornell Varsity]]<br/>[[Columbia Varsity]]
|doctoral_advisor = [[Albert Potter Wills]]
|doctoral_students= {{hlist|[[Julian Schwinger]]|[[Norman F. Ramsey]]|[[Martin L. Perl]]}}
|known_for        = [[Nuclear magnetic resonance]]<br/>[[Rabi cycle]]<br/>[[Rabi problem]]
|prizes           = {{ubl|[[Newcomb Cleveland Prize]] (1939)|[[Elliott Cresson Medal]] (1942)|[[Nobel Prize in Pheesics]] (1944)|[[Medal for Merit]] (1948)|[[Barnard Medal for Meritorious Service tae Science|Barnard Medal]] {{small|(1960)}}|[[Atoms for Peace Awaird]] (1967)|[[Oersted Medal]] (1982)|[[Public Welfare Medal]] (1985)|[[Vannevar Bush Awaird]] (1986)}}
|signature        = I._I._Rabi_signature.jpg
}}
'''Isidor Isaac Rabi''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|r|ɑː|b|i}}; born '''Israel Isaac Rabi''', 29 Julie 1898&nbsp;– 11 Januar 1988)  wis an American [[pheesicist]] an [[Nobel laureate]], recognised in 1944 for his discovery o [[nuclear magnetic resonance]], which is uised in [[magnetic resonance eemagin]]. He wis an aa ane o the first scientists in the US tae wirk on the [[cavity magnetron]], which is uised in [[microwave radar]] an [[microwave oven]]s.

'''Fauna''' is aw o the [[ainimal]] life o ony pairticular region or time.

{{Itheruises}}

{{Taxobox
|name = Reefort
|image = Radish 3371103037 4ab07db0bf o.jpg
|image_caption = Reeforts
|regnum = [[Plantae]]
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Rosids]]
|ordo = [[Brassicales]]
|familia = [[Brassicaceae]]
|genus = ''[[Raphanus]]''
|species = '''''R. sativus'''''
|binomial = ''Raphanus sativus''
|binomial_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]]
|}}
The '''reefort''' (''Raphanus sativus'') is an edible ruit crap o the [[Brassicaceae]] faimily, grawn in Europe sin afore the risin o the Roman Empire, an nou grawn an etten aa ower the warld.

'''Continental climates''' are defined in the [[Köppen climate clessification]] as haein a cauldest month mean temperature ablo -3&nbsp;°C (26.6&nbsp;°F), or 0&nbsp;°C (32&nbsp;°F), dependin on the isotherm that is uised for the cauldest month, an for the fower month abuin 10&nbsp;°C.

''<br/>(Wirk an Progress)
|national_anthem = Vers l'avenir
|capital     = [[Boma, Democratic Republic o the Congo|Boma]] |latd=5 |latm=51 |latNS=S |longd=13 |longm=3 |longEW= E
|leader1      = [[Leopold II o Belgium]]
|year_leader1=1885-1908
|title_leader = Sovereign
|representative1=Francis Walter de Winton <small>(first)</small>
|year_representative1=1885–1886
|representative2=[[Théophile Wahis]] <small>(last)</small>
|year_representative2=1900-1908
|title_representative=[[Leet o colonial heids o Congo|Govrenor-general]]
|currency=[[Congolese franc]]
}}
The '''Congo Free State''' ({{lang-fr|État indépendant du Congo}}) wis a lairge aurie in [[Central Africae]] that wis privately controlled bi [[Leopold II o Belgium|Leopold II, Keeng o the Belgians]]. Even thouch he niver visitit the Congo Free State (an also [[Africae]]), it wis his personal property an he rulit as a [[dictator]]. He amassit a huge fortune throuch massive [[sclavery|sclave labour]] which causit the deaths o millions o Congolese.

{{taxobox
|name = ''Rosmarinus officinalis''<br>Rosemary
|image = Rosemary bush.jpg
|image_caption = Rosemary in flouer
|regnum = [[Plant]]ae
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Asterids]]
|ordo = [[Lamiales]]
|familia = [[Lamiaceae]]
|genus = ''[[Rosmarinus]]''
|species = '''''R. officinalis'''''
|binomial = ''Rosmarinus officinalis''
|binomial_authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?32207 |title=''Rosmarinus officinalis'' information from NPGS/GRIN |publisher=www.ars-grin.gov |accessdate=2008-03-03 |archive-date=2008-10-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081029062642/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?32207 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
}}
'''''Rosmarinus officinalis''''', commonly kent as '''rosemary''', is a widdy, [[perennial plant|perennial]] [[yerb]] wi fragrant, [[evergreen]], needle-lik leafs an white, pink, purpie, or blae flouers, [[native plant|native]] tae the Mediterranean region.

{{infobox tellurium}}
'''Tellurium''' is a [[chemical element]] wi seembol&nbsp;'''Te''' an [[atomic nummer]]&nbsp;52. A brickle, mildly toxic, rare, siller-white [[metalloid]] that looks seemilar tae [[tin]], tellurium is chemically relatit tae [[selenium]] an [[sulphur]]. It is occasionally foond in native furm, as elemental crystals. Tellurium is far mair common in the universe as a hale nor it is on Yird. Its extreme [[abundance o the chemical elements|rarity]] in the Yird's crust, comparable tae that o [[platinum]], is pairtly due tae its heich atomic nummer, but it's forbye due tae its furmation o a volatile [[hydride]] that caused the element tae be lost tae space as a gas in the het nebular formation o the planet.

'''Marcus Tullius Cicero'''{{refn|group=n|The name is infrequently [[anglicised]] as '''Tully'''<ref>E.g., in H. Jones, ''Master Tully: Cicero in Tudor England'' (Nieuwkoop: De Graaf, 1998).</ref>}} ({{IPA-la|ˈmaːr.kʊs ˈtʊl.lɪ.ʊs ˈkɪ.kɛ.roː|classical}}; 3 Januar 106&nbsp;BC&nbsp;– 7 December 43&nbsp;BC) wis a [[Auncient Roum|Roman]] statesman, orator, lawer an filosofer, that served as [[Roman consul|consul]] in the year 63 BC. He cam frae a walthy [[Municipium|municipal]] faimily o the [[Roman equestrian order]], an is conseedert ane o Roum's greatest orators an prose stylists.<ref>[[Elizabeth Rawson|Rawson, E.]]: ''Cicero, a portrait'' (1975) p. 303</ref><ref>Haskell, H.J.: ''This was Cicero'' (1964) pp. 300–01</ref>

{{Coord|52|N|20|E|type:country_region:PL|display=title}}

instead -->
| type                    = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment]]
| image_skyline           = 
| image_alt               = 
| image_caption           = 
| image_flag              = Comte de Nice flag.svg
| flag_alt                = 
| image_shield            = Arms of Nice.svg
| shield_alt              = 
| nickname                = 
| motto                   = 
| image_map               = Alpes-Maritimes-Position.svg
| map_alt                 = 
| map_caption             = Location o Alpes-Maritimes in Fraunce
| pushpin_map             = 
| pushpin_label_position  = 
| pushpin_map_alt         = 
| pushpin_map_caption     = 
| coordinates             = {{coord|43|50|N|7|10|E|region:FR_type:adm2nd|display=inline}}
| coor_pinpoint           = 
| coordinates_footnotes   = 
| subdivision_type        = Kintra
| subdivision_name        = Fraunce
| subdivision_type1       = [[Regions o Fraunce|Region]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur]]
| established_title       = 
| established_date        = 
| founder                 = 
| seat_type               = [[Prefecturs in Fraunce|Prefectur]]
| seat                    = [[Nice, Fraunce|Nice]]
| parts_type              = [[Subprefecturs in Fraunce|Subprefecturs]]
| parts_style             = para
| p1                      = [[Grasse]]
| government_footnotes    = 
| leader_party            = [[Union for a popular muivement|UMP]]
| leader_title            = [[Preses o the general cooncil|Preses o the General Cooncil]]
| leader_name             = [[Éric Ciotti]]
| unit_pref               = Metric<!-- or US or UK -->
| area_magnitude          = 
| area_footnotes          = {{ref|area|1}}
| area_total_km2          = 4299
| area_note               = 
| elevation_footnotes     = 
| elevation_m             = 
| elevation_min_m         = 
| elevation_max_m         = 
| population_footnotes    = 
| population_total        = 1082465
| population_as_of        = 2006
| population_rank         = [[Leet o French depairtments bi population|18t]]
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_demonym      = 
| population_note         = 
| blank_name_sec1         = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment number]]
| blank_info_sec1         = 06
| blank_name_sec2         = [[Arrondissements o Fraunce|Arrondissements]]
| blank_info_sec2         = [[arrondissements o the Alpes-Maritimes depairtment|2]]
| blank1_name_sec2        = [[Cantons in Fraunce|Cantons]]
| blank1_info_sec2        = [[cantons o the Alpes-Maritimes depairtment|52]]
| blank2_name_sec2        = [[Communes in Fraunce|Communes]]
| blank2_info_sec2        = [[communes o the Alpes-Maritimes depairtment|163]]
| timezone1               = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset1             = +1
| timezone1_DST           = [[Central European Simmer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset1_DST         = +2
| postal_code_type        = 
| postal_code             = 
| area_code_type          = 
| area_code               = 
| iso_code                = 
| website                 = 
| footnotes               = {{note|area|1}} French Land Register data, which exclude [[estuary|estuaries]], an lakes, ponds, an glaciers lairger than 1 km<sup>2</sup>
}}

The '''Battle o Pinkie Cleugh,''' whiles kent as the '''Battle o Pinkie''',<ref>{{IPA-sco|kl(j)ux|[[Scots leid|Scots]]:}}</ref> teuk place on 10 September 1547 on the banks o the [[River Esk, Lowden|River Esk]] near [[Musselburrae]], [[Scotland]].

</ref>
| legal_status =
| dependency_liability = 8–10% (Relatively low risk of tolerance)<ref>{{cite journal|title=The Facts On Marijuana |author=Marlowe, Douglas B. |publisher=[[National Association of Drug Court Professionals|NADCP]] |date=December 2010 |quote=Based upon several nationwide epidemiological studies, marijuana’s dependence liability has been reliably determined to be 8 to 10 percent.}}</ref>
| routes_of_administration = Orally, local/topical, transdermal, sublingual, inhaled
<!--Pharmacokinetic data-->
| bioavailability   = 10–35% (inhalation), 6–20% (oral)<ref name="pmid12648025">{{cite journal|author=Grotenhermen, F |title=Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of cannabinoids |journal=Clin Pharmacokinet |volume=42 |issue=4 |pages=327–60 |year=2003 |pmid=12648025 |doi=10.2165/00003088-200342040-00003 |subscription=yes}}</ref>
| protein_bound     = 97–99%<ref name="pmid12648025" /><ref name = Martindale>{{cite book|chapter=Cannabis |title=Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference: Single User |author=The Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain |editor=Sean C. Sweetman |publisher=Pharmaceutical Press |edition=35th |isbn=978-0-85369-703-9 |date=30 November 2006}}{{page needed|date=January 2014}}</ref><!--I'm not the original editor; but this appears to be a copy of http://books.google.com/books?id=5T8AGQAACAAJ--><ref>{{cite web|title=Tetrahydrocannabinol – Compound Summary |url=http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=16078&loc=ec_rcs#x332 |work=National Center for Biotechnology Information |publisher=PubChem |accessdate=12 January 2014 |quote=Dronabinol has a large apparent volume of distribution, approximately 10 L/kg, because of its lipid solubility. The plasma protein binding of dronabinol and its metabolites is approximately 97%.}}</ref>
| metabolism        = Maistly hepatic by CYP2C<ref name="pmid12648025" />
| elimination_half-life = 1.6–59 h,<ref name="pmid12648025" /> 25–36 h (orally administered dronabinol)
| excretion         = 65–80% (feces), 20–35% (urine) as acid metabolites<ref name="pmid12648025" />
<!--Identifiers-->
| CAS_number_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}}
| CAS_number        = 1972-08-3
| ATC_prefix        = A04
| ATC_suffix        = AD10
| PubChem           = 16078
| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|changed|EBI}}
| ChEBI             = 66964
| IUPHAR_ligand     = 2424
| DrugBank_Ref = {{drugbankcite|correct|drugbank}}
| DrugBank          = DB00470
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID      = 15266
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII              = 7J8897W37S
| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEMBL            = 465
<!--Chemical data-->
| C=21 | H=30 | O=2
| molecular_weight  = 314.469 g/mol
| smiles            = CCCCCc1cc(c2c(c1)OC([C@H]3[C@H]2C=C(CC3)C)(C)C)O
| InChI             = 1/C21H30O2/c1-5-6-7-8-15-12-18(22)20-16-11-14(2)9-10-17(16)21(3,4)23-19(20)13-15/h11-13,16-17,22H,5-10H2,1-4H3/t16-,17-/m1/s1
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI          = 1S/C21H30O2/c1-5-6-7-8-15-12-18(22)20-16-11-14(2)9-10-17(16)21(3,4)23-19(20)13-15/h11-13,16-17,22H,5-10H2,1-4H3/t16-,17-/m1/s1
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey       = CYQFCXCEBYINGO-IAGOWNOFSA-N
| synonyms          = Dronabinol
| boiling_point     = 157
| boiling_notes     =<ref>{{cite journal |author=McPartland JM, Russo EB |year=2001 |title=Cannabis and cannabis extracts: greater than the sum of their parts? |journal=Journal of Cannabis Therapeutics |volume=1 |issue=3/4 |pages=103–132 |doi=10.1300/J175v01n03_08 |url=http://www.cannabis-med.org/data/pdf/2001-03-04-7.pdf |access-date=2015-11-09 |archive-date=2017-06-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170622203721/http://www.cannabis-med.org/data/pdf/2001-03-04-7.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| solubility        = 0.0028,<ref name='Garrett1974'>{{cite journal | author = Garrett ER, Hunt CA | title = Physicochemical properties, solubility, and protein binding of Δ<sup>9</sup>-tetrahydrocannabinol | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-pharmaceutical-sciences_1974-07_63_7/page/1056 | journal = J. Pharm. Sci. | volume = 63 | issue = 7 | pages = 1056–64 | date = July 1974 | pmid = 4853640 | doi = 10.1002/jps.2600630705 }}</ref> (23 °C)
| specific_rotation = -152° (ethanol)
| LogP = ~6000
}}
'''Tetrahydrocannabinol''' ('''THC'''), or mair precisely its main isomer '''(−)-''trans''-Δ<sup>9</sup>-tetrahydrocannabinol''' ({{hsp}}(6aR,10aR)-delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol), is the principal [[psychoactive drug|psychoactive]] constituent (or [[cannabinoid]]) o [[cannabis (drog)|cannabis]].

or an [[ellipsoid]]. The lines frae pole tae pole is lines o constant [[longitude]], or '''meridians'''. The circles parallel tae the equator is lines o constant latitude, or '''parallels'''. The graticule determines the latitude an longitude o poseetion on the surface.]]
A '''geographic coordinate seestem''' is a [[coordinate seestem]] that enables ilka location on the Yird tae be specified bi a set o nummers or letters. The coordinates are aften chosen sae that ane o the nummers represents [[altitude|vertical poseetion]], an twa [[n-vector|or three]] o the nummers represent [[horizontal poseetion representation|horizontal poseetion]]. A common choice o coordinates is [[latitude]], [[longitude]] an [[elevation]].<ref name=OSGB>[http://www.ordnancesurvey.co.uk/oswebsite/gps/docs/A_Guide_to_Coordinate_Systems_in_Great_Britain.pdf A Guide to coordinate systems in Great Britain] v1.7 October 2007 D00659 accessed 14.4.2008</ref>

|other            = Leo}}
'''Pape Leo XIII''', born '''Vincenzo Gioacchino Raffaele Luigi Pecci''' ([[2 Mairch]] 1810 – [[20 Julie]] 1903), wis [[Pape]] o the [[Roman Catholic Kirk|Roman Catholic Kirk]], haein cam aifter [[Pape Pius IX]] on Februar 20, 1878 an ringin till his ain daith. Born in [[Carpineto Romano]], [[Italy]], Pecci frist got roonit tent as the faur ben an seilfu Archbishop o Perugia, that led tae his trystin as a Cardinal in 1853.

{{fixscots}}
{{taxobox
|name = Sumac
|image = SumacFruit.JPG
|image_caption = Sumac fruit in faw
|regnum = [[Plant]]ae
|unranked_divisio = [[Flouerin plant|Angiosperms]] 
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Rosids]]
|ordo = [[Sapindales]]
|familia = [[Anacardiaceae]]
|subfamilia = [[Anacardioideae]]
|genus = '''''Rhus (syn. Searsia)'''''
|genus_authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]<ref name="GRIN">{{cite web |url=http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/genus.pl?10433 |title=''Rhus'' L. |work=Germplasm Resources Information Network |publisher=United States Department of Agriculture |date=2009-11-23 |accessdate=2010-02-09 |archive-date=2012-05-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120509182305/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/genus.pl?10433 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|type_species = ''[[Rhus coriaria]]''
|type_species_authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]<!--1753--><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tropicos.org/Name/40025260 |title=''Rhus'' L. |work=TROPICOS |publisher=Missouri Botanical Garden |accessdate=2010-02-09}}</ref>
|subdivision_ranks = Species
|subdivision = Aboot 35 species; see text
|}}
'''Sumac''' ([[Assirian Neo-Aramaic|Assirian]]:ܣܘܼܡܵܩܵܐ "'''Sumaq'''" ''reid-reid shift-turnin reid''; an aa spelled '''sumach''') is ony ane o aboot 35 species o [[flouerin plant]]s in the [[genus]] '''''Rhus''''' an relatit genera, in the faimily [[Anacardiaceae]].

The '''Strathmartine Draigon''' is ane o the maist kenspeckle craiters fae the fowk tales o [[Dundee]] an thereaboots. The Draigon is commemoratit baith in aye-telt fowk tales, an in poetry, sculpture an in the nemmes o placies an biggins an aa.

'''Socialism''' is the name gien tae sindrie poleitical ideas. Socialists believes in evenlyness, solidarity, an social juistice. Monie fowk haes unalike conceits anent whit socialism means. Monie socialists thinks the guvrenment or the state shuid be aucht the "commandin hichts" o [[industry]]. Ithers thinks that warkers shuid be aucht the industries that thay wirk in. The'r ithers that says that the ettle shoud be that fowk shuid be mair equal, but this shoud be gotten unner a [[reform]]ed [[capitalism]].

o [[Argentinae]]]]
A '''laundform''' in the [[yird sciences]] comprises a [[geomorphologie|geomorphological]] unit, an is lairgely defined bi its surface form an location in the laundscape. as pairt o the [[terrain]], an as sic, is teepically an element o [[topografie]]. Laundform elements include [[seascape]] an oceanic [[waterbody]] interface featurs such as [[bay]]s, [[peninsula]]s, [[sea]]s an so fort an aw, includin sub-aqueous terrain featurs ic as [[mid-ocean ridge]]s, [[volcano]]es, an the great [[ocean basin]]s.

|image_coa=Coat of Arms of Kabardino-Balkaria.svg
|coa_caption=[[Coat o airms o Kabardino-Balkarie]]
|image_flag=Flag of Kabardino-Balkaria.svg
|flag_caption=[[Flag o Kabardino-Balkarie]]
|anthem=[[Naitional Anthem o the Kabardino-Balkar Republic]]
|anthem_ref
|holiday
|holiday_ref
|political_status=Republic
|political_status_link=Republics o Roushie
|federal_district=[[North Caucasian Federal Destrict|North Caucasian]]
|economic_region=[[North Caucasus economic region|North Caucasus]]
|adm_ctr_type=Caipital
|adm_ctr_name=[[Nalchik]]
|adm_ctr_ref=<ref>http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/country_profiles/4338292.stm BBC:Country profile</ref>
|official_lang_list=[[Kabardian language|Kabardian]], [[Karachay-Balkar language|Balkar]]
|official_lang_ref=<ref name="Languages">Constitution, Article&nbsp;76.1</ref>
|pop_2010census=859939
|pop_2010census_rank=59t
|urban_pop_2010census=54.5%
|rural_pop_2010census=45.5%
|pop_2010census_ref=<ref name="2010Census" />
|pop_density
|pop_density_as_of
|pop_density_ref
|pop_latest
|pop_latest_date
|pop_latest_ref
|area_km2=12500
|area_km2_rank=78t
|area_km2_ref
|established_date=5 Januar 1936
|established_date_ref
|license_plates=07
|ISO=RU-KB
|gov_as_of=March 2011
|leader_title=[[Preses o Kabardino-Balkarie|Preses]]
|leader_title_ref=<ref name="HeadLegis">Constitution, Article&nbsp;11.1</ref>
|leader_name=[[Arsen Kanokov]]
|leader_name_ref=<ref name="President">Official website of the President of the Kabardino-Balkar Republic. [http://president-kbr.ru/president/biography.html Biography] {{ru icon}}</ref>
|legislature=[[Parliament o Kabardino-Balkarie|Parliament]]
|legislature_ref=<ref name="HeadLegis" />
|website=Nane
|website_ref
|date=August 2010
}}

The '''Patriarch o Moscow an aw Rus' ''' is a teetle in the [[Eastren Orthodox kirk]] that means the buddy is the heid o the [[Roushian Orthodox kirk]] that haes his heidquarters in [[Moscow]].

{{Coord|7|N|65|W|display=title}}
}}
|common_name = Venezuela
|native_name = {{unbulleted list|item_style=font-size:88%;
 |{{native name|es|República Bolivariana de Venezuela}}}}
|image_flag = Flag of Venezuela (state).svg <!-- DO NOT REPLACE THE STATE FLAG WITH THE PRE-CHAVEZ FLAG. THIS IS THE OFFICIAL FLAG OF VENEZUELA, SEE TALK PAGE. --> 
|image_coat = File:Escudo de Armas de Venezuela 2006.png <!-- Please ensure the widely-circulated "Venezuela coat of arms.svg file has been fixed (says "Republica de Venezu'''a'''la at the bottom) before putting the .svg back up -->
|national_motto =
|national_anthem = ''[[Gloria al Bravo Pueblo]]''<br />{{small|({{lang-sco|"Glory tae the Brave Fowk"}})}}<br /><center></center>
|image_map = Venezuela (orthographic projection).svg
|capital = [[Caracas]]
|coordinates  = {{Coord|10|30|N|66|55|W|type:city}}
|largest_city = [[Caracas]]
|official_languages = [[Spaingie leid|Spaingie]]<sup>b</sup>
|ethnic_groups =
 {{unbulleted list
  | 51.6% [[Mestizo]]
  | 43.6% [[Venezuelan o European strynd|White]]
  | 2.9% [[Afro-Venezuelan|Black]]
  | 1.2%  ithers
  | 0.7% <small>[[Afro-American fowks o the Americas|Afrostryndant]]</small>
 }}
|ethnic_groups_year = 2011<ref name="Census-ethnics">{{cite web |url=http://www.ine.gob.ve/documentos/Demografia/CensodePoblacionyVivienda/pdf/nacional.pdf |title=Resultado Básico del XIV Censo Nacional de Población y Vivienda 2011 (Mayo 2014) |page=29 |publisher=Ine.gov.ve |accessdate=8 September 2014 |archive-date=2019-08-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190805193838/http://www.ine.gob.ve/documentos/Demografia/CensodePoblacionyVivienda/pdf/nacional.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|religion = {{nowrap|71% [[Roman Catholicism|Catholic]]<br/>17% [[Protestant]]<br/>8% [[Agnostic]]/[[Atheist]]<br/>3% Ither releegion<br/>1% No answer<ref name="grumilla">{{cite news|last1=Aguire|first1=Jesus Maria|language=Spanish|title=Informe Sociográfico sobre la religión en Venezuela|url=http://www.gumilla.org/biblioteca/bases/biblo/texto/SIC2012745_211-222.pdf|accessdate=5 April 2015|publisher=El Centro Gumilla|date=June 2012|archive-date=2015-09-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924024236/http://www.gumilla.org/biblioteca/bases/biblo/texto/SIC2012745_211-222.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>}} 
|demonym = [[Venezuelans|Venezuelan]]
|government_type = [[Federal state|Federal]] [[Presidential seestem|presidential]]
 [[constitutional republic]]<!--[Federal state|Federal]] -
 | DO NOT CHANGE THE POLITICAL STRUCTURE! VENEZUELA HAS YET TO DECIDE THE ASSEMBLY -->
|leader_title1 = [[Preses o Venezuela|Preses]]
| leader_name1 = *[[Nicolás Maduro]]<br /><small>([[2019 Venezuelan presidential creesis|pairtially recognisit]])</small>{{refn|group="n"|Recognized as President by [[2017 Constituent National Assembly|Naitional Constituent Assembly]] an the [[Supreme Tribunal o Justice (Venezuela)|Supreme Tribunal o Justice]].}}
*[[Juan Guaidó]]<br><small>(pairtially recognisit)</small>{{refn|group="n"|Recognisit as Preses bi [[Naitional Assembly (Venezuela)|National Assembly]] an the [[Supreme Tribunal o Justice o Venezuela in exile|Supreme Tribunal in Exile]].}} <!--Please read discussion on talk page before editing-->
| leader_title2 = [[Vice Preses o Venezuela|Vice Preses]]
| leader_name2 = [[Delcy Rodríguez]] (constitutional poseetion [[2019 Venezuelan presidential creesis|disputit]]) <!--Please read discussion on talk page before editing-->
<!--THE FOLLOWING INFO IS HIDDEN FOR NOW AS THE STATUS IS UNCLEAR-->
<!--| leader_title3 = [[Preses o the Naitional Assembly o Venezuela|Preses o the Naitional Assembly]]     
| leader_name3 = [[Juan Guaidó]]
| leader_title4 = [[2017 Constituent Assembly o Venezuela|President o Constituent Assembly]]
| leader_name4 = [[Diosdado Cabello]]-->
| legislature = [[Naitional Assembly (Venezuela)|Naitional Assembly]]<br>[[Constituent Assembly o Venezuela|Constituent Assembly]] (disputit)
|sovereignty_type = [[Unthirldom]]
|established_event1 = frae [[Spain]]
|established_date1 = 5 Julie 1811
|established_event2 = {{nowrap|frae [[Gran Colombia]]}}
|established_date2 = 13 Januar 1830
|established_event3 = Recognised
|established_date3 = 30 Mairch 1845
|area_km2 = 916,445
|area_rank = 33rd
|area_sq_mi = 353,841
|percent_water = 0.32{{ref label|area|d|none}}
|population_census =  31,775,371<ref name="imf2">{{cite web |url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2017/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=70&pr.y=8&sy=2017&ey=2017&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=299&s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC%2CLP&grp=0&a=|title=Venezuela |publisher=International Monetary Fund}}</ref>
|population_census_year = 2016 estimate
|population_census_rank = 44t
|population_density_km2 = 33.75
|population_density_sq_mi = 87.42
|population_density_rank = 181st
|GDP_PPP = $404.109 billion<ref name="imf2" />
|GDP_PPP_year = 2017
|GDP_PPP_rank =
|GDP_PPP_per_capita = $12,859<ref name="imf2" />
|GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank =
|GDP_nominal = $251.589 billion<ref name="imf2" />
|GDP_nominal_year = 2017
|GDP_nominal_rank =
|GDP_nominal_per_capita = $8,004<ref name="imf2" />
|GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank =
|Gini = 44.8 <!--number only-->
|Gini_year = 2013
|Gini_change = decrease<!--increase/decrease/steady-->
|Gini_ref = <ref>{{cite web |title=Income Gini coefficient |url=http://hdr.undp.org/en/content/income-gini-coefficient |website=[[United Nations Development Programme]] |publisher=[[United Nations]] |accessdate=21 September 2015 |archive-date=2020-05-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200516205245/http://hdr.undp.org/en/content/income-gini-coefficient |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|Gini_rank =
|HDI = 0.767 <!--number only-->
|HDI_year = 2015<!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year-->
|HDI_change = decrease<!--increase/decrease/steady-->
|HDI_ref = <ref name="HDI">{{cite web |url=http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/2016_human_development_report.pdf |title=2016 Human Development Report |year=2016 |accessdate=25 March 2017 |publisher=United Nations Development Programme}}</ref>
|HDI_rank = 71st
|currency = [[Venezuelan bolívar|Bolívar Soberano]]{{ref label|currency|e|none}}
|currency_code = VEF
|time_zone = [[Time in Venezuela|VET]]
|utc_offset = –4
|utc_offset_DST =
|time_zone_DST = 
|date_format = dd/mm/yyyy ([[Common Era|CE]])
|drives_on = right
|calling_code = [[+58]]
|cctld = [[.ve]]
|footnote_a = {{note label|name|a|none}} The "Bolivarian Republic o Venezuela" haes been the full offeecial teetle syne the adoption o the new [[Constitution o Venezuela|Constitution o 1999]], whan the state wis renamed in honour o [[Simón Bolívar]].
|footnote_b = {{note label|languages|b|none}} The Constitution an aa recognises aw [[indigenous leids o the Americas|indigenous leids]] spoken in the kintra.
|footnote_c = {{note label|groups|c|none}} Some important subgroups include thae o [[Spaingie Venezuelan|Spaingie]], [[Italo-Venezuelans|Italian]], [[Indigenous fowks in Venezuela|Amerindian]], [[Afro-Venezuelan|African]], [[Portuguese Venezuelan|Portuguese]], [[Arab Venezuelan|Arab]] an [[German Venezuelan|German]] strynd.
|footnote_d = {{note label|area|d|none}} Aurie tots include anerly Venezuelan-admeenistered territory.
|footnote_e = {{note label|currency|e|none}} On 1 Januar 2008, a new bolivar wis introduced, the ''bolívar fuerte'' (ISO 4217 code VEF) worth 1,000 VEB.
|recognized_regional_languages = [[Leids o Venezuela#Indigenous leids|Indigenous leids]]
|area_magnitude = 1 E11
|country_code =
}}

in the [[Danube Bend]] near [[Visegrád]], [[Hungary]]]]

[[Image:Folio 108r - Hell.jpg|thumb|Hell]]

is made frae ice, itself resultin frae [[snaw]] accumulation.]]

<ref>{{cite web|url=http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1917/barkla-bio.html|title=Charles Glover Barkla - Biographical|publisher=nobelprize.org}}</ref>
| birth_place = [[Widnes]], [[Lancashire]], [[Ingland]]
| death_date  = {{death date and age|1944|10|23|1877|6|7|df=y}}
| death_place = [[Edinburgh]], [[Scotland]]
| nationality = [[Unitit Kinrick]]
| field       = [[Pheesics]]
| workplaces  = [[Varsity o Cambridge]]<br>[[Varsity o Liverpuil]]<br> [[King's College London]]<br> [[Varsity o Edinburgh]]
| alma_mater  = [[University College Liverpool]]<br>[[Trinity College, Cambridge]]<br>[[King's College, Cambridge]]
| academic_advisors = [[J. J. Thomson]]<br>[[Oliver Lodge]]
| academic_students =
| known_for   = [[X-ray scatterin]] <br> [[X-ray spectroscopy]]
| prizes      = [[Nobel Prize in Pheesics]] (1917)<br> [[Hughes Medal]] o the Ryal Society
}}
'''Charles Glover Barkla''' [[Fellae o the Ryal Society|FRS]]<ref name="frs">{{Cite journal | last1 = Allen | first1 = H. S. | title = Charles Glover Barkla. 1877-1944 | doi = 10.1098/rsbm.1947.0004 | journal = [[Obituary Notices of Fellows of the Royal Society]] | volume = 5 | issue = 15 | pages = 341 | year = 1947 | jstor = 769087| pmid =  | pmc = }}</ref> [[Ryal Society o Edinburgh|FRSE]] (7 Juin 1877 – 23 October 1944) wis a [[Unitit Kinrick|Breetish]] [[pheesics|pheesicist]], an the winner o the [[Nobel Prize in Pheesics]] in 1917 for his wirk in [[X-ray spectroscopy]] an relatit auries in the study o [[X-ray]]s ([[Roentgen rays]]).<ref>{{Cite journal 
| last1 = Shampo | first1 = M. A. 
| last2 = Kyle | first2 = R. A. 
| title = Charles Barkla--Nobel Laureate 
| journal = Mayo Clinic proceedings. Mayo Clinic 
| volume = 68 
| issue = 12 
| pages = 1176 
| year = 1993 
| pmid = 8246619
 | doi=10.1016/s0025-6196(12)60068-8
}}</ref>

{{Unsoorced}}[[Image:Onopordum acanthium.jpg|thumb|The Scots thristle]] 

{{fixscots}}
{{unsoorced|date=August 2020}}

'''Thermodynamics''' is a branch o [[pheesics]] concerned wi [[heat]] an [[temperatur]] an thair relation tae [[energy]] an [[Wirk (thermodynamics)|wirk]].
== External links ==
{{Wikibooks|Engineering Thermodynamics}}
{{wikiquote|Thermodynamics}}
* {{cite EB1911 |first=Hugh Longbourne |last=Callendar |wstitle=Thermodynamics |volume=26 |pages=808–814 |short=x}}
* [http://tigger.uic.edu/~mansoori/Thermodynamic.Data.and.Property_html  Thermodynamics Data & Property Calculation Websites] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140211122258/http://tigger.uic.edu/~mansoori/Thermodynamic.Data.and.Property_html |date=2014-02-11 }}
* [http://tigger.uic.edu/~mansoori/Thermodynamics.Educational.Sites_html Thermodynamics Educational Websites] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150614003926/http://tigger.uic.edu/~mansoori/Thermodynamics.Educational.Sites_html |date=2015-06-14 }}
* [http://scienceworld.wolfram.com/physics/topics/Thermodynamics.html Thermodynamics at ''ScienceWorld'']
* [http://www.wiley.com/legacy/college/boyer/0470003790/reviews/thermo/thermo_intro.htm Biochemistry Thermodynamics]
* [http://farside.ph.utexas.edu/teaching/sm1/lectures/lectures.html Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090430200028/http://www.ent.ohiou.edu/~thermo/ Engineering Thermodynamics – A Graphical Approach]
* [http://farside.ph.utexas.edu/teaching/sm1/statmech.pdf Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics] by Richard Fitzpatrick

{{Unreferenced|date=Apryle 2019}}
An '''ideology''' is a set o conscious an/or [[unconscious mind|unconscious]] [[idea]]s which constitute ane's goals, [[expectation (epistemic)|expectation]]s, an [[action theory (filosofie)|actions]].

The '''Gaza–Israel war''' is a localised pairt o the Israeli–Palestinian conflick beginnin in 1948, whan 200,000 Palestinians flichtit or wis herried oot frae thair hames, sattlin i the [[Gaza Strip]] as refugees. Sin syne, Israel hes focht 15<ref name="fifteenwars">{{Cite news|last=[[Jean-Pierre Filiu]]|title=French historian: Israel destroyed 4,000-year-old culture in Gaza|publisher=[[Al Jazeera Media Network|Al-Jazeera]]|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/program/the-bottom-line/2024/1/11/french-historian-israel-destroyed-4000-year-old-culture-in-gaza}}</ref> wars agin the Gaza Strip. The nummer o Gazans killt i the maist racent 2023-2024 war — 27,000 — is heicher nor the deith toll o aw ither wars o the Arab-Israeli conflict.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Stack|first=Liam|date=21 December 2023|title=Gaza Deaths Surpass Any Arab Loss in Wars With Israel in Past 40 Years|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/12/21/world/middleeast/gaza-death-toll-palestinians.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=2024-02-05|title=Live updates {{!}} Israeli strikes raise Gaza death toll as Blinken heads to Mideast|language=en-US|work=The Hill|agency=Associated Press|url=https://thehill.com/homenews/ap/ap-international/ap-live-updates-israeli-strikes-raise-gaza-death-toll-as-blinken-heads-to-mideast/|access-date=2024-02-05}}</ref>

'''Intelligence''' haes been defined in mony different ways includin ane's capacity for [[logic]], [[abstraction|abstract thought]], [[unnerstaundin]], [[sel-awareness]], [[communication]], [[learnin]], emotional [[knawledge]], [[memory]], [[plan]]nin, [[creativity]] an [[problem solvin]].

{{fixscots}}

'''Brak''' (whiles written '''Biraq'''<ref>In [[Googlemaps]]; see [http://www.maplandia.com/libya/ash-shati/birak/]</ref> or '''Birak'''<ref>[[:es:Wadi Al Shatii|Spaingie]], [[:it:Birak|Italian]], [[:pl:Wadi asz-Szati|Pols]] an [[:pt:Birak|Portuguese]] wikipedias an in [http://www.maplandia.com/libya/ash-shati/birak/ English] too.</ref>) ({{lang-ar|براك}}) is a toun in the [[Wadi Al Shatii Destrict]] in wast-central [[Libie]]. It is the admeenistrative centre o the destrict.

{{Automatic Taxobox
|fossil_range = {{fossil range|Eocene|Present|earliest=65}} <small>Possible [[Cretaceous]] record</small>
|image = Thalassarche bulleri in flight 3 - SE Tasmania.jpg
|image_caption = [[Buller's albatross]] (''Thalassarche bulleri'')
|taxon = Procellariiformes
|authority = [[Max Fürbringer|Fürbringer]], 1888<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://sn2000.taxonomy.nl/Parker/1982/Classification/51469.htm | title=Systema Naturae 2000 / Classification – Parker (1982) | accessdate=12 February 2009 | last=Brands | first=Sheila | date=August 14, 2008 | work=Project: The Taxonomicon | deadurl=yes | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100614111930/http://sn2000.taxonomy.nl/Parker/1982/Classification/51469.htm | archivedate=14 June 2010 | df= }}</ref>
|diversity = 4 Extant Faimilies, 23 Genera, 125 Speshies
|diversity_link = Leet o Procellariiformes
|subdivision_ranks = [[Faimily (biology)|Faimilies]]
|subdivision =
†[[Diomedeoididae]] <br>
[[Procellariidae]] <br>
[[Diomedeidae]] <br>
[[Hydrobatidae]] <br>
[[Oceanitidae]] 
}}
'''Procellariiformes''' is an [[order (biology)|order]] o [[seabird]]s that comprises fower [[faimily (biology)|faimilies]]: the [[albatross]]es, [[Procellariidae|petrels an shearwaters]], [[storm petrel]]s, an [[divin petrel]]s. Umwhile cried '''Tubinares''' an still cried '''tubenoses''' in Inglis, thay are eften referred tae collectively as the '''[[petrel]]s''', a term that haes been applied tae aw Procellariiformes,<ref name ="war">Warham, J. (1996). ''The Behaviour, Population, Biology and Physiology of the Petrels''. London: Academic Press, ISBN 0-12-735415-8</ref> or mair commonly aw the faimilies except the albatrosses.<ref name = "Brooke">Brooke, 2004.</ref> Thay are almaist exclusively [[pelagic]] (feedin in the open ocean), an hae a [[cosmopolitan distribution]] athort the warld's oceans, wi the heichest [[species diversity|diversity]] bein aroond [[New Zealand]].

'''Weirless''' or '''Radio''' is a [[communications]] [[invention]] uisin [[electromagnetic]] [[waw]]s for tae get [[electronics|electronic]] [[information]] frae ae place tae anither athoot [[weir (metal)|weir]]s. A [[transmitter]] sends the [[seegnal]]s that's turnt intae [[soonds]] bi a [[Radio receiver|receiver]]. The device is aften cried a "radio". It wis oreeginally uised for tae communicate atween twa fowks, but they nou uise it for tae listen tae [[muisic]], [[news]] an [[collogue]].

| ICD9_mult =
 | MeshID = D002944
 | OPS301 =
 | OtherCodes =
 | MedlinePlus = 002998
 | eMedicine = 1015820
}}
 by country, according to sources from Circumcision Reference and Commentary Service:<ref name=WHO_2015>{{cite web |title=Male circumcision: Global trends and determinants of prevalence, safety and acceptability |year=2015|publisher=Circumcision Reference and Commentary Service |url=http://beyondcircumcision.blogspot.com/p/worldwide-circumcision-statistics-and.html |format=HTML}}</ref>]]

| birth_place = [[Amsterdam]], [[Dutch Republic]]
| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1677|2|21|1632|11|24}}
| death_place = [[The Hague]], [[Dutch Republic]]
| residence = Netherlands
| nationality = [[Dutch fowk|Dutch]]
| school_tradition = [[Rationalism]], foonder o [[Spinozism]]
| main_interests = Ethics, [[Epistemology]], [[Metaphysics]], Ebreu Grammar
| influences = [[René Descartes|Descartes]], [[Stoicism|Stoics]], [[Maimonides]], [[Abraham ibn Ezra]], [[Avicenna]], [[Averroes]],<ref>Scruton 1986 (2002 ed.), ch. 2: "Through the works of Moses Maimonides and the commentaries of the Arab Averroës, Spinoza would have become acquainted with Aristotle."</ref> [[Aristotle]], [[Democritus]], [[Lucretius]], [[Epicurus]], [[Niccolo Machiavelli]], [[Thomas Hobbes]], [[Giordano Bruno]], [[Franciscus van den Enden]]
| influenced = [[Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel|Hegel]], [[Arne Næss|Næss]], [[Karl Heinrich Marx|Marx]],<ref name=tws908/> [[Gabriel Wagner|G. Wagner]], [[Donald Davidson (philosopher)|Davidson]], [[Gilles Deleuze|Deleuze]], [[Albert Einstein|Einstein]], [[George Eliot]], [[Fichte]], [[Novalis]], [[Gottfried Leibniz|Leibniz]], [[Johann Wolfgang von Goethe|Goethe]],<ref name=tws908/> [[Friedrich Nietzsche|Nietzsche]], [[Ludwig Wittgenstein|Wittgenstein]], [[Sigmund Freud|Freud]], [[Louis Althusser|Althusser]], [[Michael Hardt|Hardt]], [[Antonio Negri|Negri]], [[George Santayana|Santayana]], [[Samuel Taylor Coleridge|Coleridge]], [[Leo Strauss]], [[Georges Bataille]]
| notable_ideas = [[Pantheism]], [[determinism]], [[neutral monism]], [[intellectual freedom|intellectual]] an [[Freedom o releegion|releegious freedom]], [[separation o kirk an state]], creeticism o [[Moses|Mosaic]] authorship o some beuks o the [[Ebreu Bible]], [[Govrenment|poleetical society]] derived frae [[Pouer (sociology)|pouer]], nae [[Social contract|contract]]
}}
'''Baruch Spinoza''' ({{IPA-nl|baːˈrux spɪˈnoːzaː|lang}}; born '''Benedito de Espinosa''', {{IPA-pt|benɨˈðitu ðɨ iʃpɨˈnozɐ}}; 24 November 1632 – 21 Februar 1677, later '''Benedict de Spinoza''') wis a [[Netherlands|Dutch]] philosopher o [[Sephardi]] [[Portugal|Portuguese]] oreegin.<ref name=tws908>{{cite news | author=Anthony Gottlieb | title = God Exists, Philosophically (review of "Spinoza: A Life" by Steven Nadler) | publisher=The New York Times, Books. 18 July 1999 | url = http://www.nytimes.com/books/99/07/18/reviews/990718.18gottlit.html | accessdate =7 September 2009}}</ref> Ane o the early thinkers o the [[Age o Enlichtment|Enlichtment]]<ref name=tws9907>{{cite news |title=The Spinoza Problem |first=Irvin |last=Yalom |work=The Washington Post |date=21 February 2012 |url=https://articles.washingtonpost.com/2012-02-21/entertainment/35442915_1_history-teacher-novel-theories |accessdate=7 March 2013 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131112073417/http://articles.washingtonpost.com/2012-02-21/entertainment/35442915_1_history-teacher-novel-theories |archivedate=12 November 2013 |df=dmy-all }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131112073417/http://articles.washingtonpost.com/2012-02-21/entertainment/35442915_1_history-teacher-novel-theories |date=2013-11-12 }}</ref> an modren [[biblical creeticism]],<ref>Yovel, Yirmiyahu, ''Spinoza and Other Heretics: The Adventures of Immanence'' ([[Princeton University Press]], 1992), p. 3</ref> includin modren conceptions o the sel an the universe,<ref name=tws9906>{{cite news | title = Destroyer and Builder |work=[[The New Republic]] | date = 3 May 2012 | url = https://newrepublic.com/book/review/book-forged-hell-spinoza-treatise-steven-nadler | accessdate =7 March 2013}}</ref> he cam tae be conseedert ane o the great [[raitionalism|raitionalists]] o [[17t-century philosophie]].{{sfn|Scruton|2002|p=26}} Inspired bi the grundbrakin ideas o [[René Descartes]], Spinoza becam a leadin philosophical feegur of the [[Dutch Gowden Age]]. Spinoza's gien name, that means "Blessed", varies amang different leids. In Ebreu, it is written {{Hebrew|ברוך שפינוזה}}. His Portuguese name is {{lang|pt|Benedito "Bento" de Espinosa}} or {{Lang|pt|d'Espinosa}}. In his Laitin warks, he uised {{lang-la|Benedictus de Spinoza|links=no}}.

{{fixscots}}

{{Taxobox
| name = Agile wallaby<ref name=MSW3>{{MSW3 Groves|pages=63}}</ref>
| status = LC
| status_system = iucn3.1
| status_ref = <ref name=iucn>{{IUCN2008|assessor=Aplin, K.|assessor2=Dickman, C.|assessor3=Salas, L.|assessor4=Woinarski, J.|assessor5=Winter, J.|last-assessor-amp=yes|year=2008|id=40560|title=Macropus agilis|downloaded=28 December 2008}}</ref>
| image = Macropus agilis.jpg
| image_width = 225px
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]]
| classis = [[Mammal]]ia
| infraclassis = [[Marsupialia]]
| ordo = [[Diprotodontia]]
| familia = [[Macropodidae]]
| genus = ''[[Macropus]]''
| species = '''''M. agilis'''''
| binomial = ''Macropus agilis''
| binomial_authority = ([[John Gould|Gould]], 1842)
A| range_map = Agile Wallaby area.png
| range_map_caption = Agile wallaby range
}}

'''Adverteesin''' in [[business]] is a form o mercatin communication uised tae encourage, perswad, or maneepulate an audience (viewers, readers or listeners; whiles a speceefic group) tae tak or conteena tae tak some action.

An '''independent''' or '''nonpartisan politeecian''' is an individual [[politeecian]] nae affiliatti wi ony [[poleetical pairty]].

{{Other uses|Ursus (disambiguation)}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| fossil_range = [[Pliocene]]–[[Holocene]], {{Fossil range|5.333|0}}
| image = TE-Collage Ursus-v2.png
| image_caption = Frae tap tae bottom: [[broun beir]], [[American black beir]], [[polar beir]], [[Asie black beir]].
| taxon = Ursus
| authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], [[10t edeetion o Systema Naturae|1758]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Ursus/classification/|title=ADW: Ursus: CLASSIFICATION|author=|date=|website=animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu|accessdate=4 April 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.departments.bucknell.edu/biology/resources/msw3/browse.asp?id=14000952|title=Mammal Species of the World - Browse: Ursus|author=|date=24 December 2013|website=archive.org|accessdate=4 April 2018|archive-date=2013-12-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131224202903/http://www.departments.bucknell.edu/biology/resources/msw3/browse.asp?id=14000952|url-status=bot: unknown}}</ref>
| display_parents = 2
| subdivision_ranks = [[Species]]
| subdivision = 
:''[[broun beir|Ursus arctos]]''
:''[[American black beir|Ursus americanus]]''
:''[[polar beir|Ursus maritimus]]''
:''[[Asiatic black beir|Ursus thibetanus]]''
:''[[cave beir|Ursus spelaeus]]'' (extinct)
}}
'''''Ursus''''' is a [[genus]] in the faimily [[Ursidae]] ([[beir]]s) that includes the widely distributit [[broun beir]]s,<ref>http://library.sandiegozoo.org/factsheets/brown_bear/brown_bear.html {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180216163856/http://library.sandiegozoo.org/factsheets/brown_bear/brown_bear.html |date=2018-02-16 }}</ref> the [[polar beir]],<ref>http://library.sandiegozoo.org/factsheets/polar_bear/polar.htm {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160424043402/http://library.sandiegozoo.org/factsheets/polar_bear/polar.htm |date=2016-04-24 }}</ref> and [[American black beir|black beir]]s.

{{fixscots|date=Februar 2021}}

{{Aboot|the present-day region o Belgium an aw kent as Flanders|a wider context|Flanders}}
</ref>
| population_total        = {{Metadata Population BE|02000}}
| population_as_of        = {{Metadata Population BE||STAND}}
| demographics_type1      = Demographics
| demographics1_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| demographics1_title1    = Leids
| demographics1_info1     = [[Dutch leid|Dutch]]
| timezone1               = 
| utc_offset1             = 
| timezone1_DST           = 
| utc_offset1_DST         = 
| iso_code                = BE-VLG
| anthem                  = [[De Vlaamse Leeuw]]
| blank_name_sec1         = Celebration Day
| blank_info_sec1         = 11 Julie
| website                 = [http://www.flanders.be/ www.flanders.be]
| footnotes               = 
}}
The '''Flemish Region''' ([[Dutch leid|Dutch]]: {{Audio|Nl-Vlaams Gewest.ogg|''Vlaams Gewest''}}) is ane o the three offeecial [[Communities an regions o Belgium|regions]] o the Kinrick o [[Belgium]]—alangside the [[Wallonie]] an the [[Brussels]]-Caipital Region. Colloquially, it is uisually simply referred tae as [[Flanders]], o which it is the institutional incarnation athin the context o the Belgian poleetical seestem. It occupees the northren pairt o Belgium an haes a surface aurie o 13,522&nbsp;km² (44.29% o Belgium). It is ane o the maist densely populatit regions o Europe wi aroond 455 indwallers per square kilometer.

{{Automatic taxobox
| taxon = Myrtales
| image = Lumnitzera littorea.jpg
| image_caption = ''[[Lumnitzera]] littorea''
| authority = [[Antoine Laurent de Jussieu|Juss.]] ''ex'' [[Friedrich von Berchtold|Bercht.]] & [[Jan Svatopluk Presl|J.Presl]]<ref name="apgiii">{{Citation |last=Angiosperm Phylogeny Group |year=2009 |title=An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III |journal=Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=161 |issue=2 |pages=105–121 |url=http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122630309/abstract |accessdate=2010-12-10 |doi=10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x |archive-date=2017-05-25 |archive-url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20170525104318/http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x/abstract |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| subdivision_ranks = Families
| subdivision = 
* [[Alzateaceae]]
* [[Combretaceae]]
* [[Crypteroniaceae]]
* [[Lythraceae]]
* [[Melastomataceae]]
* [[Myrtaceae]]
* [[Onagraceae]]
* [[Penaeaceae]]
* [[Vochysiaceae]]
}}
The '''Myrtales''' are an order o [[flouerin plant]]s placed as a sister tae the [[eurosids II]] clade as o the publishin o the ''Eucalyptus grandis'' genome in Juin 2014.<ref name=Myburg>{{cite journal | last1 = Myburg | first1 = A.A. | last2 = Grattapaglia | first2 = D. | last3 = Tuskan | first3 = G.A. | last4 = Hellsten | first4 = U. | last5 = Hayes | first5 = R.D. | last6 = Grimwood | first6 = J. | last7 = Jenkins | first7 = J. | last8 = Lindquist | first8 = E. | last9 = Tice | first9 = H. | last10 = Bauer | first10 = D. | display-authors = etal   | year = 2014 | title = The genome of Eucalyptus grandis | url = | journal = Nature | volume = 510 | issue = | page = 356 }}</ref>

{{fixscots|date=Dizember 2020}}

'''Chess''' is a twa-player [[Abstract strategy gemme|strategy]] [[board gemme]] played on a [[chessboord]], a checkered gameboard wi 64&nbsp;squares arranged in an aicht-bi-aicht grid. It is ane o the warld's maist popular gemmes, played bi millions o fowk warldwide at home, in [[chess club|clubs]], online, bi [[correspondence chess|correspondence]], an in [[leet o chess terms#Toornament|toornaments]].

{| border=1 align="right" cellpadding=2 cellspacing=0 style="margin: 0 0 1em 1em; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;"
|-
! bgcolor="#ccccff" style="padding:0 0 0 50px;" | [[Dagestan|Republic o Dagestan]], [[Roushie]]
| width="50px" | 
|-
| colspan=2 align="center"|<small>'''Caipital:''' [[Makhachkala]]</small>
|-
| colspan=2 align="center"|<small>As o 2010:<ref name="OKATO">{{OKATOReference|82}}</ref></small>
|-
| '''# o [[raion|destrict]]s'''<br />(районы)|| 41
|-
| '''# o ceeties/touns'''<br />(города)|| 10
|-
| '''# o [[urban-teep dounset]]s'''<br />(посёлки городского типа)|| 19
|-
| '''# o [[selsovet]]s'''<br />(сельсоветы)|| 363
|-
| colspan=2 align="center"|<small>As o 2002:<ref name="Census">Results o the 2002 [[Russian Census (2002)|Russian Population Census]]-[http://perepis2002.ru/ct/html/TOM_01_03.htm Territory, number of districts, inhabited localities, and rural administrations of the Russian Federation by federal subject] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928181511/http://perepis2002.ru/ct/html/TOM_01_03.htm |date=2011-09-28 }}</ref></small>
|-
| '''# o landwart localities'''<br />(сельские населённые пункты)|| 1,605
|-
| '''# o uninhabited rural localities'''<br />(сельские населённые пункты без населения)|| 46
|-
|}
{{Location map|Russia Dagestan|label=Makhachkala|caption=Map o Dagestan an its caipital, Makhachkala|lat_deg=42|lat_min=58|lon_deg=47|lon_min=30|position=left}}

[[Image:Capitole Toulouse - Salle des Illustres - Toulouse coopérant à la défense nationale 1897 - Jean-André Rixens.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Ceilin pentin, bi [[Jean-André Rixens]]. Salle des Illustres, Le Capitole, [[Toulouse|Toulouse, Fraunce]].]]
A '''mural''' is ony piece o airtwirk pentit or applied directly on a waw, ceilin or ither muckle permanent surface.

| birth_place = [[Ljubljana]], [[Socialist Republic o Slovenie|PR Slovenie]],<br/>[[Socialist Federal Republic o Yugoslavie|FPR Yugoslavie]]
| region = [[Wastren philosophy]]
| era = {{nowrap|[[20t-century philosophy|20t-]]/[[21st-century philosophy]]}}
| school_tradition = {{unbulleted list|style= white-space:nowrap; |[[Continental philosophy]]  |[[Ljubljana school of psychoanalysis]] |[[Lacanian psychoanalysis]] |[[Post-Hegelianism]]<ref>Bostjan Nedoh (ed.), ''Lacan and Deleuze: A Disjunctive Synthesis'', Edinburgh University Press, 2016, p. 193: "Žižek is convinced that post-Hegelian psychoanalytic drive theory is both compatible with and even integral to a Hegelianism reinvented for the twenty-first century."</ref> |[[Freudo-Marxism]]}}
| main_interests = {{hlist |[[Ideology]] |[[Marxism]] |[[ontology]] |[[poleetical theory]] |[[psychoanalysis]] |[[cultural studies]] |[[film theory]] |[[theology]] |[[German idealism]] | [[dialectic]]}}
| education = {{unbulleted list | [[Varsity o Ljubljana]] <small>([[Bachelor o Airts|B.A.]], [[Master o Airts|M.A.]], [[Doctor o Airts|D.A.]])</small>| [[Varsity o Paris VIII]] <small>([[Ph.D.]])</small>}}
| institutions = {{unbulleted list |[[Varsity o Ljubljana]] | [[New York Varsity]] | [[Birkbeck, Varsity o Lunnon]]}}
| notable_ideas = [[Interpassivity]]<br />[[Subversive affirmation|Over-identification]]<br />Ideology as an [[Unconscious mynd|unconscious]] fantasie that structurs reality<br />Revival o [[dialectical materialism]]
| influences = {{hlist | [[Baruch Spinoza|Spinoza]] | [[Louis Althusser|Althusser]] | [[Theodor Adorno|Adorno]] | [[Alain Badiou|Badiou]] | [[Walter Benjamin|Benjamin]] | [[Étienne Balibar|Balibar]]|[[G.K. Chesterton|Chesterton]] | [[Božidar Debenjak|Debenjak]] |[[Sigmund Freud|Freud]]|[[Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel|Hegel]]|[[Martin Heidegger|Heidegger]]| [[Fredric Jameson|Jameson]]|[[Jacques Lacan|Lacan]]|[[Ernesto Laclau|Laclau]] |[[Karl Marx|Marx]] |[[Immanuel Kant|Kant]] |[[Jacques Rancière|Rancière]]| [[Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling|Schelling]] |[[Carl Schmitt|Schmitt]]|[[Alenka Zupančič|Zupančič]]}}
| influenced = {{hlist |[[Jodi Dean]] | [[Mark Fisher (theorist)|Mark Fisher]] | [[Eric Santner]]<ref>{{cite journal |last= Kotsko |first= Adam |author-link= Adam Kotsko |year= 2008 |title= Politics and Perversion: Situating Žižek's Paul |url= http://www.jcrt.org/archives/09.2/kotsko.pdf |journal= Journal for Cultural and Religious Theory |volume= 9 |issue= 2 |page= 48 |issn= 1530-5228 |access-date= 19 December 2018}}</ref> | [[Alenka Zupančič]]}}
}}
'''Slavoj Žižek''' ({{IPA-sl|ˈslaʋɔj ˈʒiʒɛk|lang}}; born 21 Mairch 1949) is a Slovenie philosopher.

'''Agnosticism''' is the view that the [[truth value]] o certaint claims—especially claims aboot the existence or non-existence o ony [[deity]], but an' a' ither releegious an [[Metaphysics|metaphysical]] claims—is unkent or unkenable.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://skepdic.com/agnosticism.html|title=agnosticism|last=Carroll|first=Robert|date=2009-02-22|work=The Skeptic's Dictionary|publisher=skepdic.com|accessdate=2009-10-17}}</ref> Agnosticism can be defined in various ways, an is whiles uised tae indicate doubt or a [[Skepticism|skeptical]] approach tae questions. In some senses, agnosticism is a stance aboot the similarities or differences atween [[belief]] an [[knawledge]], rather than aboot ony specific claim or belief.

In common uisage, '''thift''' is the takin o anither person's [[property]] wioot that person's permission or [[consent]] wi the intent tae deprive the richtfu awner o it.<ref name="Webster">{{cite web|title=Theft|publisher=''[[Merriam-Webster]]''|accessdate=October 12, 2011|url=http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/theft}}</ref><ref name="legal-dictionary">{{cite web|title=Theft|publisher=legal-dictionary.The freedictionary.com|accessdate=October 12, 2011|url=http://legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/theft}}</ref>

A '''flouer''', whiles cried a bluim, is a pairt o a [[plaunt]]. Whiles a flouer micht can hae a [[Plaunt stem|stem]] – a thin 'pipe' – for tae support the flouer. Flouers haena got ony [[petal]]s. The wird "flouer" is for ordinar anerly uised for tae descrieve the pairt that maks [[seed]]s.

{{fixscots}}
{{taxobox
|name = Violaceae
|image = Viola hedercea01.jpg
|image_caption = ''[[Viola banksii]]''
|regnum = [[Plantae]]
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Rosids]]
|ordo = [[Malpighiales]]
|familia = '''Violaceae'''
|familia_authority = [[August Batsch|Batsch]]
|}}
'''Violaceae''' is a [[faimily (biology)|faimily]] o [[flouerin plant]]s mad up wi 806 species in 25 genera.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.theplantlist.org/1.1/browse/A/Violaceae/ |title=The Plant List: Violaceae |publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew and Missouri Botanic Garden |accessdate=20 November 2016 |archive-date=2017-06-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170617204132/http://www.theplantlist.org/1.1/browse/A/Violaceae/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> It taks its name frae the [[genus]] ''[[Violet (plant)|Viola]]'',  the violets an [[pansy|pansies]].

|elevation              =
|elevation_ft           =
|postal_code_type       =
|postal_code            =
|area_code              = 12
|website                =
|footnotes              =
}}

'''Espionage''' or '''spyin''' involves a govrenment or individual obtainin information considered [[secrecy|secret]] or [[confidential]] athoot the permission o the hauder o the information.<ref>{{cite web|title=WHAT IS ESPIONAGE?|url=https://www.mi5.gov.uk/home/the-threats/espionage/what-is-espionage.html|access-date=2014-07-04|archive-date=2013-11-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131101174455/https://www.mi5.gov.uk/home/the-threats/espionage/what-is-espionage.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>

|Lageplan          = Huerup in SL.PNG
|Bundesland        = Schleswig-Holstein
|Kreis             = Schleswig-Flensburg
|Amt               = Hürup
|Höhe              = 43
|Fläche            = 16.19
|Einwohner         = 1205
|Stand             = 2006-12-31
|PLZ               = 24975
|Vorwahl           = 04634
|Kfz               = SL
|Gemeindeschlüssel = 01 0 59 126
|NUTS              = DEF0C
|Adresse-Verband   = Schulstraße 1<br />24975 Hürup
|Website           = [http://www.amthuerup.de/ www.amthuerup.de]
|Bürgermeister     = Jan-Nils Klindt
|Partei            = 
}}

{{Geobox|Desert
|name = Namib Desert
|native_name =
|other_name =
|category =
|image = Namib desert MODIS.jpg|300px
|image_caption = An image o the Namib Desert bi the [[MODIS]] instrument
|image_size =
|official_name =
|etymology =
|motto =
|nickname =
|flag =
|symbol =
|country = Namibie
|country1 = Sooth Africae
|country2 = Angolae
|state_type =
|state =
|state1 =
|state2 =
|state3 =
|state4 =
|state5 =
|state6 =
|region_type =
|region =
|district1 =
|district2 =
|district3 =
|municipality =
|parent =
|range =
|coordinates =
|border =
|part =
|city =
|landmark = Namib-Naukluft Naitional Pairk
|landmark1 = Naukluft Moontains
|landmark2 = Skeleton Coast
|landmark3 = Spitzkoppe
|landmark4 = Sossusvlei
|landmark5 = Deadvlei
|landmark6 = Sperrgebiet
|building =
|river = Swakop River
|river1 = Kuiseb River
|river2 = Cunene River
|river3 = Orange River
|river4 = [[Olifants River (Wastren Cape)|Olifants River]]
|river5 = Tsauchab
|highest = [[Brandberg Moontain]] {{convert|2606|m|abbr=on}}
|highest_location = [[Erongo]]
|highest_region =
|highest_state = Namibie
|highest_elevation_imperial =
|highest_coordinates = {{coord|21|07|S|14|33|E|display=inline}}
|lowest = [[Atlantic Ocean]] {{convert|0|m|abbr=on}}
|lowest_location =
|lowest_region =
|lowest_country =
|lowest_elevation_imperial =
|length = 2000
|length_orientation = N/S
|width = 200
|width_orientation = E/W
|area = 81000
|area_land  =
|area_water =
|area_urban =
|area_metro =
|population =
|population_date =
|population_urban =
|population_metro =
|population_density =
|population_density_urban =
|population_density_metro =
|geology =
|orogeny =
|period =
|biome = [[Desert]]
|map = LocationNamib.png
|map_caption = Approximate boondaries o the Namib Desert
|map_background =
|map_locator =
|commons =
|statistics =
|website =
|footnotes =
}}

{{Fixscots}}
{{Stub}}

|subdivision_type2 = [[Amalgamation o Toronto|Destricts]]
|subdivision_name2 = [[East York]], [[Etobicoke]], [[North York]], [[Old Toronto]], [[Scarborough, Ontario|Scarborough]], [[York, Ontario|York]]
|leader_title = [[Mayor o Toronto|Mayor]]
|leader_name =  [[Rob Ford]]
|leader_title1 = Cooncil
|leader_name1 = [[Toronto City Council]]
|leader_title2 = [[Member o Parliament (Canadae)|MPs]]
|leader_name2 ={{Collapsible list
|title = Leet o MPs
|frame_style = border:none; padding: 0;
|title_style =
|list_style = text-align:left;display:none;
|1=[[Mark Adler]]
|2=[[Carolyn Bennett]]
|3=[[John Carmichael (politeecian)|John Carmichael]]
|4=[[Andrew Cash]]
|5=[[Corneliu Chisu]]
|6=[[Olivia Chow]]
|7=[[Joe Daniel]]
|8=[[Kirsty Duncan]]
|9=[[Dan Harris (politeecian)|Dan Harris]]
|10=[[Roxanne James]]
|11=[[Jim Karygiannis]]
|12=[[Matthew Kellway]]
|13=[[Chungsen Leung]]
|14=[[John McKay (politeecian)|John McKay]]
|15=[[Peggy Nash]]
|16=[[Joe Oliver (politeecian)|Joe Oliver]]
|17=[[Ted Opitz]]
|18=[[Bob Rae]]
|19=[[Craig Scott (politeecian)|Craig Scott]]
|20=[[Judy Sgro]]
|21=[[Rathika Sitsabaiesan]]
|22=[[Mike Sullivan (Canadian politeecian)|Mike Sullivan]]
|23=[[Bernard Trottier]]
}}
|leader_title3 = [[Member o Provincial Parliament (Ontario)|MPPs]]
|leader_name3 ={{Collapsible list
|title = Leet o MPPs
|frame_style = border:none; padding: 0;
|title_style = <!-- (optional) -->
|list_style = text-align:left;display:none;
|1=[[Laura Albanese]]
|2=[[Bas Balkissoon]]
|3=[[Lorenzo Berardinetti]]
|4=[[Margarett Best]]
|5=[[Laurel Broten]]
|6=[[Donna Cansfield]]
|7=[[David Caplan]]
|8=[[Michael Colle|Mike Colle]]
|9=[[Cheri DiNovo]]
|10=[[Brad Duguid]]
|11=[[Eric Hoskins]]
|12=[[Monte Kwinter]]
|13=[[Rosario Marchese]]
|14=[[Glen Murray (politeecian)|Glen Murray]]
|15=[[Gerry Phillips]]
|16=[[Michael Prue]]
|17=[[Shafiq Qaadri]]
|18=[[Tony Ruprecht]]
|19=[[Mario Sergio (politeecian)|Mario Sergio]]
|20=[[Peter Tabuns]]
|21=[[Kathleen Wynne]]
|22=[[David Zimmer]]
}}
|settled_title = Settled
|settled_date = 1750 (as [[Fort Rouillé]])<ref>{{cite web |url=http://geonames.nrcan.gc.ca/education/toronto_e.php |title=The real story of how Toronto got its name &#124; Earth Sciences |publisher=Geonames.nrcan.gc.ca |date=September 18, 2007 |accessdate=February 10, 2012 |archive-date=2011-12-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111209114921/http://geonames.nrcan.gc.ca/education/toronto_e.php |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|established_title = Established
|established_date = 27 August 1793 (as [[York, Upper Canadae|York]])
|established_title1 = [[Municipal corporation|Incorporatit]]
|established_date1 = 6 Mairch 1834 (as Toronto)
|established_title2 = [[Merger (politics)|Amalgamated]]
|established_date2 = 1 Januar 1998 (frae [[Metropolitan Toronto]])
|area_magnitude =
|unit_pref = Metric
|area_magnitude =
|area_total_km2 = 630
|area_metro_km2 = 7125
|area_urban_km2 = 1749
|elevation_m = 76
|area_footnotes =<ref name="SC2011cd">{{SCref |unit=cd |3520}}</ref>
|population_note =
|population_footnotes =
|population_as_of = 2011
|population_total = 2,615,060<!-- Do not change this figure until the 2016 census is released --> ([[List of the 100 largest municipalities in Canada by population|1st]])
|population_density_km2 = 4149
|population_metro = 5,583,064 ([[List of the 100 largest metropolitan areas in Canada|1st]])<!-- Do not change this figure until the 2016 census is released -->
|population_urban = 5,132,794 ([[List of the 100 largest urban areas in Canada|1st]])<!-- Do not change this figure until the 2016 census is released -->
|population_blank1_title = [[Demonym]]
|population_blank1 = Torontonian
|population_footnotes =<ref name="SC2011cd" />
|timezone = [[Eastren Time Zone|EST]]
|utc_offset = -5
|timezone_DST = [[Eastren Daylicht Time|EDT]]
|utc_offset_DST = -4
|postal_code_type = Postal code span
|postal_code = [[Leet o M postal codes o Canadae|M]]
|area_code = [[Aurie codes 416, 647 an 437|416, 647]]
|website = {{URL|http://www.toronto.ca/}}
|coordinates = {{coord|43|42|59.72|N|79|20|26.47|W|region:CA-ON|display=inline,title}}
|blank_name = [[National Topographic System|NTS]] Map
|blank_info = 030M11
|blank1_name = [[Geographical Names Board of Canada|GNBC]] Code
|blank1_info = FEUZB
}}

{{Linkrot}}
{{infobox Scotland county|
   |County=     Lanrik
   |Image=      Lanarkshire - Scotland.svg
   |SizeRank=   11t
   |Size=       879
   |Water=      ?
   |CountyTown= [[Lanrik]] (historic)<br>[[Hamiltoun, Sooth Lanrikshire|Hamiltoun]] (modren)
   |ChapmanCode=LKS
 }}
'''Lanrikshire''', offeecially the '''Coonty o Lanrik''' ({{lang-en|Lanarkshire}}; {{lang-gd|Siorrachd Lannraig}}) is a [[Lieutenancy areas o Scotland|Lieutenancy area]], [[registration coonty]] an umwhile local govrenment [[Coonties o Scotland|coonty]] in the [[central Lawlands]] o [[Scotland]]. [[Glesga]], the neighbouring major ceety, wis umwhile includit as pairt o Lanrikshire for admeenistrative purposes an remains pairt o the registration coonty.

{{fixscots|date=Februar 2021}}

'''Current''' is the wird that's uised for the flow o [[electric charge]] meisured in [[Amperes]].

|birth_place      = [[Canino]], [[Latium|Lazio]], [[Papal States]]
|death_date       = {{death date and age|1549|11|10|1468|2|29|df=y}}
|death_place      = [[Roum]], [[Papal States]]
|previous_post={{unbulleted list|[[Santi Cosma e Damiano|Cardinal-Deacon o Santi Cosma e Damiano]] (1493-1503)|[[Bishop o Corneto an Montefiascone]] (1499-1509)|[[Sant'Eustachio|Cardinal-Deacon o Sant'Eustachio]] (1503-1519)|Airchpriest o the Airchbasilica o Saunt John Lateran (1508-1534)|[[Roman Catholic Diocese o Parma|Bishop o Parma]] (1509-1534)|[[Protodeacon|Protodeacon o the College o Cardinals]] (1516-1519)|[[Cardinal-Bishop o Frascati]] (1519-1523)|[[Cardinal-Bishop o Palestrina]] (1523)|[[Cardinal-Bishop of Sabina]] (1523-1524)|[[Cardinal-Bishop o Porto]] (1524)|[[Cardinal-Bishop o Ostia]] (1524-1534)|Vice-Dean o the College o Cardinals (1524)}}
|other            = Paul
|children         = [[Pier Luigi Farnese, Duke o Parma|Pier Luigi II Farnese]]<br>Paul Farnese<br>[[Ranuccio Farnese (1509-1529)|Ranuccio Farnese]]<br>[[Constanza Farnese]]<br>Lucrezia Farnese
|partner           = Silvia Ruffini (Mistress)
|coat_of_arms     = Coat of arms of Pope Paul III.svg
}}
'''Pape Paul III''' ({{lang-la|Paulus III}}; 29 Februar 1468&nbsp;– 10 November 1549), born '''Alessandro Farnese''', wis [[Pape]] frae 13 October 1534 tae his daith in 1549. He wis the faither o [[Pier Luigi Farnese, Duke o Parma]].

{{Automatic taxobox
|fossil_range= [[Triassic]]&ndash;[[Holocene|present]] {{fossilrange|235|0|ref=<ref name="Ronquist2012">{{cite journal | last1 = Ronquist | first1 = Fredrik | last2 = Klopfstein | first2 = Seraina | last3 = Vilhelmsen | first3 = Lars | last4 = Schulmeister | first4 = Susanne | last5 = Murray | first5 = Debra L. | last6 = Rasnitsyn | first6 = Alexandr P. | date = December 2012 | title = A Total-Evidence Approach to Dating with Fossils, Applied to the Early Radiation of the Hymenoptera | journal = Systematic Biology | volume = 61 | issue = 6 | pages = 973–999 | doi = 10.1093/sysbio/sys058 | pmid=22723471 | pmc=3478566}}</ref>}}
| image = Netelia sp. (43703889135).jpg
| image_caption = female ''[[Tryphoninae|Netelia]] sp.''
| taxon = Hymenoptera
| authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], [[Systema Naturae|1758]]
| subdivision_ranks = [[Suborders]]
| subdivision = 
[[Apocrita]]<br />
[[Sawfly|Symphyta]]
}}

|death_place = [[Paris]], [[Fraunce]]
|alma_mater       = [[Varsity o Paris]] (BA/MA)
|institutions     = [[Varsity o Paris VIII]]
|school_tradition  = [[Continental philosophie]]<br>[[Post-structuralism]]<ref>Claire Colebrook, ''Philosophy and Post-structuralist Theory: From Kant to Deleuze'', Edinburgh University Press, 2005.</ref>
|main_interests    = [[Aesthetics]], [[history o Wastren philosophie]], [[metaphilosofie]], [[metapheesics]]
|notable_ideas     = [[Affect (philosophie)|Affect]], [[Assemblage (philosophie)|assemblage]], [[bouk withoot organs]], [[deterritorialization]], [[line o flicht]], [[Minority (philosophie)|minority]], [[plane o immanence]], [[Rhizome (philosophie)|rhizome]], [[schizoanalysis]], [[transcendental empiricism]],<ref>Gilles Deleuze, ''[[Difference and Repetition]]'', A&C Black, 2004[1968], pp. 56 and 143.</ref><ref>Adrian Parr (ed.), ''The Deleuze Dictionary (Revised Edition)'', Edinburgh University Press, 2010, p. 289: "Unlike Kant, Deleuze does not conceive of [...] unthought conditions as abstract or necessary philosophical entities, but as contingent tendencies beyond the reach of empirical consciousness."</ref> [[univocity o bein]], the [[Virtuality (philosophie)|Virtual]]
|influences        = [[Gregory Bateson|Bateson]], [[Henri Bergson|Bergson]], [[Samuel Beckett|Beckett]], [[Jorge Luis Borges|Borges]], [[William S. Burroughs|Burroughs]],<ref>Michael A. Peters, ''Poststructuralism, Marxism, and Neoliberalism: Between Theory and Politics'', Rowman & Littlefield, 2001, p. 103.</ref> [[David Hume|Hume]], [[Baruch Spinoza|Spinoza]], [[Friedrich Nietzsche|Nietzsche]], [[Duns Scotus|Scotus]], [[Karl Marx|Marx]], [[Gottfried Leibniz|Leibniz]], [[Marcel Proust|Proust]], [[Gilbert Simondon|Simondon]], [[Immanuel Kant|Kant]], [[Sigmund Freud|Freud]], [[Jean-Paul Sartre|Sartre]], [[Jacques Lacan|Lacan]], [[Louis Althusser|Althusser]], [[Michel Foucault|Foucault]], [[Pierre Klossowski|Klossowski]], [[Georges Canguilhem|Canguilhem]], [[Jean Hyppolite|Hyppolite]], [[Ferdinand Alquié|Alquié]], [[Maurice de Gandillac|Gandillac]], [[Jakob von Uexküll]],<ref name="Agamben 39">[[Giorgio Agamben]], ''The Open: Man and Animal'', trans. Kevin Attell (Stanford University Press, 2004), p. 39.</ref> [[Alfred North Whitehead|Whitehead]],<ref>Gilles Deleuze and Claire Parnet, ''Dialogues II'', Columbia University Press, 2007, p. vii.</ref> [[Charles Sanders Peirce|Peirce]],<ref>Gilles Deleuze, ''[[Cinema 1: The Movement Image|Cinema 1: The Movement-Image]]'', A&C Black, 2001, p. 69.</ref> [[Jean Wahl|Wahl]]<ref>Gilles Deleuze and Claire Parnet, ''Dialogues II'', Columbia University Press, 2007, pp. 57–8, trans. Hugh Tomlinson and Barbara Habberjam: "Apart from Sartre, the most important philosopher in France was Jean Wahl." Deleuze goes on to credit Wahl for introducing him to English and American thought. Wahl was among the very first to write about [[Alfred North Whitehead]] and [[William James]]—both arguably very important to Deleuze—in French. The idea of Anglo-American pluralism in Deleuze's work shows influence of Jean Wahl (see also Mary Frances Zamberlin, ''Rhizosphere'' (New York: Routledge, 2006, p. 47) and Simone Bignall, Sean Bowden, Paul Patton (eds.), ''Deleuze and Pragmatism'', Routledge, 2014, p. 2).</ref>
|influenced        = [[Félix Guattari|Guattari]], [[Michel Foucault|Foucault]], [[Antonio Negri|Negri]], [[Michael Hardt|Hardt]], [[Brian Massumi|Massumi]], [[Manuel DeLanda|DeLanda]], [[Luis Alberto Spinetta|Spinetta]],  [[Rosi Braidotti|Braidotti]], [[Peter Sloterdijk|Sloterdijk]], [[Levi Bryant|Bryant]], [[Bernard Stiegler|Stiegler]], [[Michael J. Shapiro|Shapiro]], [[Bryan Reynolds|Reynolds]], [[Giorgio Agamben|Agamben]]
}}
'''Gilles Deleuze''' ({{IPA-fr|ʒil dəløz|lang}}; 18 Januar 1925&nbsp;– 4 November 1995) wis a French [[philosopher]] who, frae the early 1960s till his daith, wrote on [[philosophie]], [[leeteratur]], [[film]], an [[fine airt]]. His maist popular warks war the twa volumes o ''[[Capitalism and Schizophrenia]]'': ''[[Anti-Oedipus]]'' (1972) an ''[[A Thousand Plateaus]]'' (1980), baith co-written wi psychoanalyst [[Félix Guattari]]. His metapheesical treatise ''[[Difference and Repetition]]'' (1968) is conseedert bi mony scholars tae be his [[Masterpiece|magnum opus]].<ref name=SEP>{{cite web|title=Gilles Deleuze|url=http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/deleuze/|work=Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy|accessdate=17 February 2011}} See also: "''Difference and Repetition'' is definitely the most important work published by Deleuze." (Edouard Morot-Sir, from the back cover of the first edition of the English translation), or James Williams' judgment: "It is nothing less than a revolution in philosophy and stands out as one of the great philosophical works of the twentieth century" (James Williams, ''Gilles Deleuze's Difference and Repetition: A Critical Introduction and Guide'' [Edinburgh UP, 2003], p. 1).</ref> [[A. W. Moore (philosopher)|A. W. Moore]], citin [[Bernard Williams]]'s criteria for a great thinker, ranks Deleuze amang the "greatest philosophers".<ref name="Moore" >[[A. W. Moore (philosopher)|A. W. Moore]], [https://books.google.it/books?id=vo-ZLmfwe_oC&pg=PA543  ''The Evolution of Modern Metaphysics: Making Sense of Things''], Cambridge University Press, 2012, p. 543: 'intellectual power and depth; a grasp of the sciences; a sense of the political, and of human destructiveness as well as creativity; a broad range and a fertile imagination; an unwillingness to settle for the superficially reassuring; and, in an unusually lucky case, the gifts of a great writer.'</ref> His wark haes influenced a variety o disciplines athort philosophie an airt, includin [[leeterar theory]], [[post-structuralism]] an [[postmodrenism]].<ref name="See 1991">See, for example, [[Steven Best]] an [[Douglas Kellner]], ''Postmodern Theory'' (Guilford Press, 1991), which devotes a chapter to Deleuze and Guattari.</ref>

'''Scots Plants'''

|subdivision_type1      = [[Admeenistrative diveesions o Ukraine|Oblast]]
|subdivision_name1      = [[Rivne Oblast]]
|subdivision_type2      = Raion
|subdivision_name2      = [[Rivne Raion]]
|subdivision_type3      = 
|subdivision_name3      = 
<!-- Smaller parts (e.g. boroughs of a city) and seat of government -->
|seat_type              =
|seat                   =
|parts_type             =
|parts_style            = <!-- =list (for list), coll (for collapsed list), para (for paragraph format)
                               Default is list if up to 5 items, coll if more than 5-->
|parts                  = <!-- parts text, or header for parts list -->
|p1                     =
|p2                     = <!-- etc. up to p50: for separate parts to be listed--> 
<!-- Politics ----------------->
|government_footnotes   =
|government_type        =
|leader_title           =Mayor
|leader_name            =Volodymyr Khomko
|leader_title1          =  <!-- for places with, say, both a mayor and a city manager -->
|leader_name1           =
|established_title      =  <!-- Settled -->
|established_date       = 
<!-- Area    --------------------->
|area_magnitude         = 
|unit_pref                = <!--Enter: Imperial, to display imperial  before metric-->
|area_footnotes           =
|area_total_km2           =58.24 <!-- ALL fields with measurements are subject to automatic unit conversion-->
|area_land_km2            = <!--See table @ Template:Infobox Settlement for details on unit conversion-->
|area_water_km2           =
|area_total_sq_mi         =
|area_land_sq_mi          =
|area_water_sq_mi         =
|area_water_percent       =
<!-- Elevation -------------------------->
|elevation_footnotes    =  <!--for references: use <ref> </ref> tags-->
|elevation_m            = 
|elevation_ft           =
|elevation_max_m            = 
|elevation_max_ft           =
|elevation_min_m            = 
|elevation_min_ft           =
<!-- Population   ----------------------->
|population_as_of               =2010
|population_footnotes           =
|population_note                =
|population_total               =256,774
|population_density_km2         =4274 <!--For automatic calculation, any density field may contain: auto -->
|population_density_sq_mi       =
<!-- General information  --------------->
|timezone               = [[Eastren European Time|CET]]
|utc_offset             = +2
|timezone_DST           = [[Eastren European Simmer Time|CEST]]
|utc_offset_DST         = +3
|coor_type              = <!-- can be used to specify what the coordinates refer to -->
|coordinates            = {{coord|50|37|N|26|15|E|region:UA|display=inline,title}}
|postal_code_type       = <!--  Postal code -->
|postal_code            =
|area_code              =
|website                = [http://www.city-adm.rv.ua/ www.city-adm.rv.ua/]
|blank_name             =<!-- [[License plate|License plate]] -->
|blank_info             =
|blank1_name            =
|blank1_info            =
|footnotes              = 
}}
'''Rivne''' ({{lang-uk|Рівне}}, {{lang-ru|Ровно, ''Rovno}}; {{lang-pl|Równe}}) is a heestoric [[ceety]] in wastren [[Ukraine]] an the historical region o [[Volhynia]].

| coordinates_footnotes = <!-- for references; use <ref> tags -->
| image_map = Malacca in Malaysia.svg
| mapsize = 285px <!--no larger, please, for sake of smaller windows/screens-->
| map_caption = <center>{{Legend inline|#C41E3A|outline=silver}} '''Malacca''' in {{Legend inline|#FDF9D2|outline=silver}} '''[[Malaysie]]'''</center>
| seat_type = [[Leet o naitional caipitals|Caipital]]
| seat = [[Malacca Ceety]]
| parts_type = Ryal caipital
| parts_style = list | p1 = 
| leader_title = [[Leet o Yang di-Pertua Negeri o Malacca|Yang di-Pertua Negeri]]
| leader_name = [[Mohd Khalil Yaakob]]
| leader_title1 = [[Leet o Chief Meenisters o Malacca|Chief Meenister]]
| leader_name1 = [[Adly Zahari]] (Amanah)
| government_footnotes = <!-- for references; use <ref> tags -->
| area_total_km2 = 1664
| area_water_km2 = 
| area_footnotes = <ref name="Laporan Kiraan Permulaan 2010">{{cite web |url=http://www.statistics.gov.my/ccount12/click.php?id=2127 |title=Laporan Kiraan Permulaan 2010 |publisher=Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia |page=27 |accessdate=24 January 2011 |archive-date=2010-12-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101227065717/http://www.statistics.gov.my/ccount12/click.php?id=2127 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| population_total = 830900
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_footnotes = <ref name="melaka.gov.my">{{cite web|url=http://www.melaka.gov.my/en/tentang-kami/fakta-nombor|title=Fact & Number|work=melaka.gov.my|access-date=2015-09-28|archive-date=2015-06-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150601123629/http://www.melaka.gov.my/en/tentang-kami/fakta-nombor/|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| demographics_type1 = [[Human Development Index|HDI]]
| demographics1_title1 = 2010
| demographics1_info1 = 0.742 (<span style="color:#090;">high</span>) ([[States an federal territories o Malaysie|4t]])
| demographics1_footnotes = <!-- for references; use <ref> tags -->
| postal_code_type = [[Leet o postal codes in Malaysie|Postal code]]
| postal_code = 75xxx to 78xxx
| area_code_type = [[Telephone nummers in Malaysie|Cawin code]]
| area_code = 06
| registration_plate = [[Malaysian vehicle license plates|M]]
| blank_name_sec2 = [[Malacca Sultanate]]
| blank_info_sec2 = 15t century
| blank1_name_sec2 = Portuguese control
| blank1_info_sec2 = 24 August 1511
| blank2_name_sec2 = Dutch control
| blank2_info_sec2 = 14 Januar 1641
| blank3_name_sec2 = [[Anglo-Dutch Treaty o 1824|Breetish control]]
| blank3_info_sec2 = 17 March 1824
| blank4_name_sec2 = [[Japanese occupation o Malaya|Japanese occupation]]
| blank4_info_sec2 = 15 Januar 1942
| blank5_name_sec2 = Accession intae the [[Federation o Malaya]]
| blank5_info_sec2 = 1948
| blank6_name_sec2 = Unthirldom as pairt o the Federation o Malaya
| blank6_info_sec2 = 31 August 1957
| website = [http://www.melaka.gov.my www.melaka.gov.my]
| footnotes = 
}}
'''Malacca''' ({{lang-ms|Melaka}}), dubbed "The Historic State", is a state in [[Malaysie]] an locatit in the soothren region o the [[Malay Peninsula]], next tae the [[Strait o Malacca|Straits o Malacca]].

'''Anarchist communism'''<ref>{{cite book |title=The Spanish Civil War: revolution and counterrevolution |last=Bolloten |first= Burnett|year= 1991 |publisher=UNC Press Books |location= |isbn=978-0-8078-1906-7|page=65 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-VarDLHA3_YC&pg=PA65&dq=%22libertarian+communism%22#v=onepage&q=%22libertarian%20communism%22&f=false |accessdate=2011-03-25}}</ref> (also known as  '''anarcho-communism''', '''free communism''', '''libertarian communism''',<ref>According to anarchist historian [[Max Nettlau]], the first use of the term "libertarian communism" was in November 1880, when a French anarchist congress employed it to more clearly identify its doctrines."{{Cite book |title=A Short History of Anarchism |last=Nettlau |first=Max |authorlink=Max Nettlau |year=1996 |publisher=Freedom Press |isbn=0-900384-89-1 |page=145}}</ref><ref>"Anarchist communism is also known as anarcho-communism, communist anarchism, or, sometimes, libertarian communism."[http://libcom.org/thought/anarchist-communism-an-introduction "Anarchist communism - an introduction" by Libcom.org]"</ref><ref>The terms libertarian communism and anarchist communism thus became synonymous within the international anarchist movement as a result of the close connection they had in Spain (with libertarian communism becoming the prevalent term)."[http://www.fdca.it/fdcaen/historical/vault/ancom-libcom.htm "Anarchist Communism & Libertarian Communism" by Gruppo Comunista Anarchico di Firenze. from "L'informatore di parte", No.4, October 1979, quarterly journal of the Gruppo Comunista Anarchico di Firenze]</ref><ref>"The 'Manifesto of Libertarian Communism' was written in 1953 by Georges Fontenis for the Federation Communiste Libertaire of France. It is one of the key texts of the anarchist-communist current." [http://libcom.org/library/manifesto-of-libertarian-communism-georges-fontenis "Manifesto of Libertarian Communism" by Georges Fontenis]</ref><ref>"In 1926 a group of exiled Russian anarchists in France, the Delo Truda (Workers' Cause) group, published this pamphlet. It arose not from some academic study but from their experiences in the 1917 Russian revolution." [http://www.nestormakhno.info/english/platform/org_plat.htm "The Organizational Platform of the Libertarian Communists"] by Delo Truda</ref> and '''communist anarchism'''<ref>[http://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/wendy-mcelroy-the-schism-between-individualist-and-communist-anarchism "The Schism Between Individualist and Communist Anarchism" by Wendy McElroy]</ref><ref>"Anarchist communism is also known as anarcho-communism, communist anarchism, or, sometimes, libertarian communism." ''Anarchist communism - an introduction'' by Jacques Roux</ref>) is a theory of [[anarchism]] which advocates the abolition of the [[State (polity)|state]], [[caipitalism|capitalism]], [[wage labour]], and [[private property]] (while retaining respect for [[personal property]]),<ref>"The revolution abolishes private ownership of the means of production and distribution, and with it goes capitalistic business. Personal possession remains only in the things you use. Thus, your watch is your own, but the watch factory belongs to the people." [[Alexander Berkman]]. "[[Now and After|What Is Communist Anarchism?]]" [http://www.theanarchistlibrary.org/HTML/Alexander_Berkman__What_Is_Communist_Anarchism_.html]</ref> and in favour of [[common ainership|common ownership]] of the [[means o production|means of production]],<ref name=Mayne>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/?id=6MkTz6Rq7wUC&pg=PA131&dq=Communist+anarchism+belives+in+collective+ownership |title=From Politics Past to Politics Future: An Integrated Analysis of Current and Emergent Paradigms Alan James Mayne Published 1999 Greenwood Publishing Group 316 pages ISBN 0-275-96151-6 |publisher=Books.google.com |date= |accessdate=2010-09-20|isbn=978-0-275-96151-0|year=1999}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/?id=jeiudz5sBV4C&pg=PA14&dq=Communist+anarchism+believes+in+common+ownership#PPA13,M1 |title=Anarchism for Know-It-Alls By Know-It-Alls For Know-It-Alls, For Know-It-Alls |publisher=Filiquarian Publishing, LLC. |date=January 2008 |accessdate=2010-09-20 |isbn=978-1-59986-218-7 }}{{Dead link|date=August 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> [[direct democracy]], and a horizontal network of [[voluntary association]]s and [[wirkers' cooncil|workers' council]]s that will produce based on the guiding principle: "[[frae each accordin tae his ability, tae each accordin tae his need|From each according to his ability, to each accordin to his need]]".<ref>Fabbri, Luigi. "Anarchism and Communism." Northeastern Anarchist #4. 1922. 13 October 2002. [http://dwardmac.pitzer.edu/anarchist_archives/worldwidemovements/fabbrianarandcom.html]</ref><ref>Makhno, Mett, Arshinov, Valevski, Linski (Dielo Trouda). "The Organizational Platform of the Libertarian Communists". 1926. Constructive Section: available [http://www.nestormakhno.info/english/platform/constructive.htm here]</ref>

</ref>
|chiefs title   = 30t Hereditary Chief Clan MacLeod [[Chief o the Name an Airms]] o MacLeod
|chiefs gaelic title= 
|seat           = [[Dunvegan Castle]]<ref name="Coventry">Coventry, Martin. (2008). ''Castles of the Clans: The Strongholds and Seats of 750 Scottish Families and Clans''. pp. 390 - 392. ISBN 978-1-899874-36-1.</ref>
|historic seat  = [[Dunvegan Castle]]<ref name="Coventry"/>
|branches       = [[Chiefs o Clan MacLeod|MacLeod o MacLeod]] (chiefs)<br>[[Clan MacLeod o Lewis]]
|Allied clans   = [[Clan Maclean]]
|Rival clans    = [[Clan MacDonald o Sleat]]
|kindreds       = [[MacCrimmon (pipin faimily)]]<br>[[Beaton medical kindred]]
}}
'''Clan MacLeod''' ({{lang-gd|Clann Mhic Leòid}}; {{IPA-gd|ˈkʰl̪ˠan̪ˠ viʰkʲ ˈlɔːtʲ}}) is a [[Scots Hielands|Hieland]] [[Scots clan]] associatit wi the [[Isle o Skye]].

{{taxobox
|image = Rumex X patientia Sturm55.jpg
|image_caption = '''Patience dock'''<br/>(''[[Rumex patientia]]'')
|regnum = [[Plant]]ae
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Core eudicots]]
|ordo = [[Caryophyllales]]
|familia = [[Polygonaceae]]
|genus = '''''Rumex'''''
|genus_authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]] [[Species Plantarum|1753]]
|type_species = ''[[Rumex patientia]]'' L.
|subdivision_ranks = Species
|subdivision = Aboot 200
|synonyms = ''Lapathum'' [[Mill.]]<br/>
''Bucephalophora''  [[Pau]]<br/>
Sources: ING,<ref name="ing">{{cite web
 | url = http://botany.si.edu/ing/INGsearch.cfm?searchword=Rumex
 | title = ''Rumex'' 
 | accessdate = 2008-07-01
 | date = 2006-02-20
 | work = Index Nominum Genericorum
 | publisher = [[International Association for Plant Taxonomy]]
}}</ref> UniProt,<ref name="UniProt">{{UniProt Taxonomy
| name = Genus Rumex
| id = 3618
| accessdate = 2008-07-01
}}</ref> ITIS,<ref name="ITIS">{{ITIS |id=20961 |taxon=''Rumex graminifolius'' J.H. Rudolphi ex Lamb. |accessdate=1 July 2008}}</ref> IPNI,<ref name="IPNI">{{IPNI
 | id = 328551-2
 | date = 2008-07-01
}}</ref> GRIN<ref name="GRIN">{{cite web
 | url = http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/genus.pl?10584
 | title = Genus: ''Rumex'' L.
 | accessdate = 2008-07-02
 | author = Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN)
 | authorlink = Germplasm Resources Information Network
 | date = 2005-08-04
 | work = Taxonomy for Plants
 | publisher = [[United States Department of Agriculture|USDA]], [[Agricultural Research Service|ARS]], National Genetic Resources Program, National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland
 | archive-date = 2009-01-15
 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090115063708/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/genus.pl?10584
 | url-status = dead
 }}</ref>
|}}
{{nutritional value | name=Dock, raw (Rumex spp.)
| kJ=92
| protein=2 g
| fat=0.7 g
| carbs=3.2 g
| fiber=2.9 g
| calcium_mg=44
| iron_mg=2.4
| magnesium_mg=103
| phosphorus_mg=63
| potassium_mg=390
| zinc_mg=0.2
| manganese_mg=0.349
| vitC_mg=48
| thiamin_mg=0.04
| riboflavin_mg=0.1
| niacin_mg=0.5
| vitB6_mg=0.122
| folate_ug=13
| vitA_ug=200
| source_usda = 1
| note=[http://ndb.nal.usda.gov/ndb/search/list?qlookup=11616&format=Full Link to USDA Database entry]
}}

|birth_place = [[Königsberg]], [[Kinrick o Proushie]]<br /><small>(nou [[Kaliningrad]], [[Roushie]])</small>
|death_date  = {{nowrap|{{death date and age|df=yes|1804|02|12|1724|04|22}}}}
|death_place = [[Königsberg]], Kinrick o Proushie
|residence   = Kinrick o Proushie
|nationality = [[Germans|German]]
|school_tradition = [[Kantianism]]<br />[[Age o Enlichtenment|Enlichtenment filosofie]]
|main_interests = {{nowrap|[[Epistemology]]{{·}}[[Metapheesics]]<br />[[Ethics]]}}
|notable_ideas = {{nowrap|[[Categorical imperative]]<br />[[Transcendental idealism]]<br />[[Analytic-synthetic distinction|Synthetic ''a priori'']]<br />[[Noumenon]]{{·}}''[[Sapere aude]]''<br />[[Nebular hypothesis]]}}
|influences = [[Christian Wolff (filosopher)|Wolff]], [[Alexander Baumgarten|Baumgarten]], [[Plato]], [[Aristotle]], [[Sextus Empiricus|Empiricus]], [[David Hume|Hume]], [[René Descartes|Descartes]], [[Baruch Spinoza|Spinoza]], [[Gottfried Leibniz|Leibniz]], [[John Locke|Locke]], [[Isaac Newton|Newton]], [[Emanuel Swedenborg]]
|influenced = Virtually aw subsequent [[Wastren filosofie|Wastren filosofers]], includin: [[Johann Gottlieb Fichte|Fichte]], [[Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling|Schelling]], [[Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi|Jacobi]], [[Karl Leonhard Reinhold|Reinhold]], [[Karl Wilhelm Friedrich Schlegel|F. Schlegel]], [[August Wilhelm Schlegel|A. Schlegel]], [[Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel|Hegel]], [[Arthur Schopenhauer|Schopenhauer]], [[Friedrich Nietzsche|Nietzsche]], [[Charles Sanders Peirce|Peirce]], [[Edmund Husserl|Husserl]], [[Martin Heidegger|Heidegger]], [[Ernst Cassirer|Cassirer]], [[Jürgen Habermas|Habermas]], [[John Rawls|Rawls]], [[Noam Chomsky|Chomsky]], [[Jean Piaget|Piaget]], [[Søren Kierkegaard|Kierkegaard]], [[David Hilbert|Hilbert]], [[Michel Foucault|Foucault]], [[Max Weber|Weber]], [[P. F. Strawson|Strawson]], [[Leo Strauss|Strauss]], [[John McDowell|McDowell]], [[Georg Simmel|Simmel]], [[Paul Guyer|Guyer]], [[T. K. Seung|Seung]]
|signature = Immanuel Kant signature.svg
}}
'''Immanuel Kant''' ({{IPA-de|ɪˈmaːnu̯eːl kant|lang}}; 22 Aprile 1724 – 12 Februar 1804) wis a German filosopher that  is widely conseedert tae be a central feegur o [[modren filosofie]]. In his doctrine o [[transcendental idealism]], he argied that [[space]], [[time]], an [[Causality|causation]] are mere [[Sensibility|sensibilities]]; "[[Thing-in-itsel|things-in-themsels]]" exist, but thair naitur is unkenable.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Durant|first1=Will|last2=Durant|first2=Ariel|title=The Story of Civilization: Rousseau and Revolution|date=1967|publisher=MJF Books|url=https://books.google.com/books/about/Rousseau_and_Revolution.html?id=Cq2ffQUf1GIC|isbn=978-1-56731-021-4|pages=571, 574}}</ref><ref name=Warburton>{{cite book|title=A little history of philosophy|author=Nigel Warburton|publisher=Yale University Press|chapter-url={{Google books|SGL4QPwDTVsC|page=|keywords=|text=|plainurl=yes}}|page=134|chapter=Chapter 19: Rose-tinted reality: Immanuel Kant|isbn=978-0-300-15208-1|year=2011}}</ref> In his view, the mind shapes an structures experience, wi aw human experience sharin certain structural featurs. He drew a parallel tae the [[Copernican Revolution#Immanuel Kant|Copernican revolution]] in his proposition that warldly objects can be intuitit ''[[A priori and a posteriori|a priori]]'' ('aforehaund'), an that [[intueetion]] is tharefore independent frae [[Objectivity (filosofie)|objective reality]].<ref>"We here propose to do just what [[Copernicus]] did in attempting to explain the celestial movements. When he found that he could make no progress by assuming that all the heavenly bodies revolved round the spectator, he reversed the process, and tried the experiment of assuming that the spectator revolved.... We may make the same experiment with regard to the intuition of objects. If the intuition must conform to the nature of the objects, I do not see how we can know anything of them ''a priori''. If, on the other hand, the object conforms to the nature of our faculty of intuition, I can then easily conceive the possibility of such an ''a priori'' knowledge." Kant, Immanuel. Translatit tae Inglis bi [[John Meiklejohn|J.M.D. Meiklejohn]], ''Critique of Pure Reason''.</ref> Kant believed that [[raison]] is the soorce o [[morality]], an that [[aesthetics]] arise frae a faculty o disinterestit juidgment. Kant's views conteena tae hae a major influence on contemporary filosofie, especially the fields o [[epistemology]], [[ethics]], [[poleetical theory]], an [[Aesthetics#Post-modren aesthetics an psychoanalysis|post-modren aesthetics]].

<ref>{{cite web|title=IUPAC International Chemical Identifier Project Page|url=http://www.iupac.org/home/projects/project-db/project-details.html?tx_wfqbe_pi1%5bproject_nr%5d=2000-025-1-800|work=IUPAC|accessdate=5 December 2012|archive-date=2012-05-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120527162256/http://www.iupac.org/home/projects/project-db/project-details.html?tx_wfqbe_pi1%5Bproject_nr%5D=2000-025-1-800|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Heller | first1 = S. | last2 = McNaught | first2 = A. | last3 = Stein | first3 = S. | last4 = Tchekhovskoi | first4 = D. | last5 = Pletnev | first5 = I. | title = InChI - the worldwide chemical structure identifier standard | doi = 10.1186/1758-2946-5-7 | journal = Journal of Cheminformatics | volume = 5 | issue = 1 | pages = 7 | year = 2013 | pmid =  23343401| pmc =3599061 }}</ref>
| discontinued           = 
| latest release version = 1.05
| latest release date    = {{Start date and age|2017|03}}
| latest preview version = 
| latest preview date    = <!-- {{Start date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|df=yes/no}} -->
| programming language   = 
| operating system       = [[Microsoft Windows]] an [[Unix-lik]]
| platform               = [[IA-32]] an [[x86-64]]
| size                   = 4.3&nbsp;[[Megabyte|MB]]
| language               = [[Inglish leid|Inglis]]
| language count         = <!-- DO NOT include this parameter unless you know what it does -->
| language footnote      = 
| status                 = Active
| genre                  = 
| license                = IUPAC / InChI Trust Licence
| alexa                  = 
| website                = [http://www.iupac.org/home/publications/e-resources/inchi.html http://www.iupac.org/home/publications/e-resources/inchi.html]
}}
The [[Internaitional Union o Pure an Applee'd Chemistry|IUPAC]] '''Internaitional Chemical Identifier''' ('''InChI''') is a textual [[identifier]] for [[chemical substance]]s, designed tae provide a staundart wey tae encode [[molecular]] information an tae facilitate the sairch for sic [[information]] in [[database]]s an on the wab.

[[Image:Zeus Typhon Staatliche Antikensammlungen 596.jpg|thumb|right|280px|[[Zeus]] throwin his thunnerbolt at Typhon, Chalcidian black-figurt [[hydria]], c. 550 BC, [[Staatliche Antikensammlungen]] (Inv. 596)]]
'''Typhon''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|t|aɪ|f|ɒ|n|,_|-|f|ən}}; {{lang-el|Τυφῶν}}, ''Tuphōn'' {{IPA-el|typʰɔ̂ːn|}}), an aa '''Typhoeus''' ({{IPAc-en|t|aɪ|ˈ|f|iː|ə|s}}; {{lang|el|Τυφωεύς}}, ''Tuphōeus''), '''Typhaon''' ({{lang|el|Τυφάων}}, ''Tuphaōn'') or '''Typhos''' ({{lang|el|Τυφώς}}, ''Tuphōs'') wis the maist fearsome monster o [[Greek meethology]]. The last son o [[Gaia (meethology)|Gaia]], faithered bi [[Tartarus]], Typhon wis, wi his mate [[Echidna (mythology)|Echidna]], the faither o mony famous monsters.

{{Subspeciesbox
| name = Sooth African cheetah<ref name=MSW3/>
| image = Cheetah Umfolozi SouthAfrica MWegmann.jpg
| image_upright = 1.2
| image_caption = A Sooth African cheetah at the [[Hluhluwe–iMfolozi Park]], [[Sooth Africae]].
| status = VU
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| status_ref = <ref name=iucn/>
| genus = Acinonyx
| species = jubatus
| subspecies = jubatus
| authority = ([[Johann Christian Daniel von Schreber|Schreber]], 1775)
| synonyms = ''Acinonyx jubatus guttata''<br><small>([[Johann Hermann|Hermann]], 1804)</small><br>''Acinonyx jubatus lanea''<br><small>([[Philip Lutley Sclater|Sclater]], 1877)</small><br>''Acinonyx jubatus obergi''<br><small>(Hilzheimer, 1913)</small><br>''Acinonyx jubatus rex''<br><small>([[Reginald Innes Pocock|Pocock]], 1927)</small>
| range_map = Acinonyx jubatus subspecies range.png
| range_map_upright = 1.2
| range_map_caption = ''A. j. jubatus'' range (blue)
}}

|birth_place = [[Honfleur]], Fraunce
|death_date  = {{death date and age|df=y|1925|07|01|1866|05|17}}
|death_place = [[Paris]], Fraunce
|occupation  = Pianist, componer
|partner     = [[Suzanne Valadon]]
}}
'''Éric Alfred Leslie Satie''' ({{IPA-fr|eʁik sati|lang}}; 17 Mey 1866{{spaced ndash}}1 Julie 1925) – he signed his name '''Erik Satie''' efter 1884 – wis a French componer an pianist. Satie wis a colourfu figur in the early 20t century Parisian [[avant-garde]]. His wirk wis a precursor tae later airteestic movements such as [[minimalism]], [[repetitive muisic]], an the [[Theatre o the Absurd]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.gresham.ac.uk/lectures-and-events/erik-satie-his-music-the-vision-his-legacy |title=Archived copy |access-date=2015-06-29 |archive-date=2013-01-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130102053914/http://www.gresham.ac.uk/lectures-and-events/erik-satie-his-music-the-vision-his-legacy |url-status=dead }}</ref>

'''Leucippus''' ({{IPAc-en|l|uː|ˈ|s|ɪ|p|ə|s}}; {{lang-el|Λεύκιππος}}, ''Leukippos''; fl. 5t century BCE) is reportit in some auncient soorces tae hae been a filosofer who wis the earliest Greek tae develop the theory o [[atomism]] — the idea that everything is componed entirely o various imperishable, indivisible elements cried [[atom]]s.

</ref>
| name                      = Ludwig Wittgenstein
| image                     =36. Portrait of Ludwig Wittgenstein, 1930.jpg 
| image_size                = 180px
| alt                       = photograph
| caption                   = Ludwig Wittgenstein (1930)
| birth_date                = {{Birth date|df=y|1889|04|26}}
| birth_place               = [[Vienna]], [[Austrick-Hungary]]
| death_date                = {{Death date and age|df=y|1951|04|29|1889|04|26}}
| death_place               = [[Cambridge]], Ingland
| death_cause               = [[Prostate cancer]]
| resting_place             = [[Ascension Parish Burial Grund, Cambridge|Ascension Parish Burial Grund]], Cambridge
| resting_place_coordinates = {{Coord|52.2176|N|0.1001|E|type:landmark_region:GB|display=title}}
main_interests = [[Logic]], [[Metapheesics]], [[Filosofie o leid]], [[Filosofie o mathematics]], [[Filosofie o mind]], [[Epistemology]]
| influences = [[Gottlob Frege]], [[Johann Wolfgang von Goethe]], [[Søren Kierkegaard]], [[G. E. Moore]], [[Oswald Spengler]], [[Ludwig Boltzmann]], [[Karl Kraus]], [[Adolf Loos]], [[Piero Sraffa]], [[Otto Weininger]], [[Bertrand Russell]], [[Arthur Schopenhauer]], [[Baruch Spinoza]], [[Leo Tolstoy]], [[Heinrich Hertz]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://faculty.education.illinois.edu/burbules/syllabi/Materials/Wittgenstein_as_Engineer.html |title="Wittgenstein As Engineer" |access-date=2015-03-28 |archive-date=2018-02-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180210153804/http://faculty.education.illinois.edu/burbules/syllabi/Materials/Wittgenstein_as_Engineer.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Hermann von Helmholtz]]<ref>Patton, Lydia, 2009, "Signs, Toy Models, and the A Priori: from Helmholtz to Wittgenstein," ''Studies in the History and Philosophy of Science'', '''40''' (3): 281–289.</ref>
| influenced = [[Bertrand Russell]], [[G.E. Moore]], [[Frank P. Ramsey]], [[Vienna Circle]], [[Rudolf Carnap]], [[Alan Turing]], [[G.E.M. Anscombe]], [[Peter Geach]], [[Anthony Kenny]], [[Barry Stroud]], [[Gilbert Ryle]], [[Saul Kripke]],  [[John Searle]], [[John McDowell]], [[Hans Sluga]], [[Peter Hacker]], [[Stephen Toulmin]], [[Hannah Ginsborg]]
| website                   = [http://wab.aksis.uib.no/index.page The Wittgenstein Archives at the University of Bergen]<br>[http://www.wittgen-cam.ac.uk/cgi-bin/forms/home.cgi The Cambridge Wittgenstein Archive]
| signature                 = 
}}
'''Ludwig Josef Johann Wittgenstein''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|v|ɪ|t|g|ən|ˌ|s|t|aɪ|n}};<ref>[http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/wittgenstein "Wittgenstein"]. ''[[Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary]]''.</ref> {{IPA-de|ˈvɪtgənˌʃtaɪn|lang}}; 26 Aprile 1889 – 29 Aprile 1951) wis an Austrick-Breetish filosofer who wirked primarily in [[logic]], the [[filosofie o mathematics]], the [[filosofie o mind]], an the [[filosofie o leid]].<ref name="Time">{{cite news|title=LUDWIG WITTGENSTEIN: Philosopher (subscription required)&nbsp;— Time 100: Scientists and Thinkers issue|work=Time Magazine Online|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,990616,00.html|date=29 March 1999|last=Dennett|first=Daniel|accessdate=29 November 2011|archive-date=2013-08-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130826120239/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,990616,00.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>

</ref>
|unitary_england          = [[Wiltshire Council|Wiltshire]]
|lieutenancy_england      = [[Wiltshire]]
|region                   = Sooth Wast Ingland
|constituency_westminster = [[Salisbury (UK Pairlament constituency)|Salisbury]]
|post_town                = SALISBURY
|postcode_district        = SP1, SP2
|postcode_area            = SP
|dial_code                = 01722
|os_grid_reference        = SU145305
|coordinates              = {{coord|51.0740|-1.7936|display=inline,title}}
|label_position           = left
|static_image             = 
|static_image_caption     = [[Salisbury Cathedral]] frae Harnham Hill
|london_distance          = {{convert|85|mi|km}}
}}
'''Salisbury''' (various pronunciations, but locally {{IPAc-en|ˈ|s|ɔː|z|b|r|i}}, {{respell|SAWZ|bree}}) is a cathedral ceety in [[Wiltshire]], Ingland, an the anerly [[ceety status in the Unitit Kinrick|ceety]] athin the coonty.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Salisbury|url=http://www.insidewiltshire.co.uk/explore-wiltshire/salisbury/|access-date=2023-03-23|website=Inside Wiltshire|language=en}}</ref> It is the third-lairgest dounset in the coonty, efter [[Swindon]] an Chippenham, wi a population o 41,682.<ref name=2011census>{{cite web | url=http://www.intelligencenetwork.org.uk/EasysiteWeb/getresource.axd?AssetID=55535&type=full&servicetype=Attachment | title=Salisbury Census 2011 Selected Statistics Profile | work=Wiltshire Census 2011 results | publisher=intelligencenetwork.org.uk | format=PDF}}</ref>

'''Industrie''' (or '''industry''') includes aw kynds o [[economics|economic]] activitie. It can be sindert intil fower sectors lippenin on the naitur o the activitie.

The '''Ford Escort''' is a [[small family car]] manufactured bi the [[Ford o Europe|Ford Motor Company]]'s European division atween 1968 an 2003. The Escort name wis an aa applee'd tae several different designs in [[North Americae]] ower the years (see [[Ford Escort (North Americae)]]).

{{Unsoorced}}

}}<br />{{nowrap|(Scots: Sicweys Ayeweys tae Teerants)}}<ref name=factpack>{{cite web |url=http://legis.state.va.us/1_cap_class/class_media/4_5_pdfs/factpack-1.pdf |title=Factpack |publisher=[[Virginia General Assembly]] |date=January 11, 2007 |accessdate=October 14, 2008 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081028193205/http://legis.state.va.us/1_cap_class/class_media/4_5_pdfs/factpack-1.pdf |archivedate=October 28, 2008 |df= }} {{Cite web |url=http://legis.state.va.us/1_cap_class/class_media/4_5_pdfs/factpack-1.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2013-03-11 |archive-date=2008-10-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081028193205/http://legis.state.va.us/1_cap_class/class_media/4_5_pdfs/factpack-1.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|image_map = Virginia in United States.svg
|OfficialLang = English
|Languages = {{plainlist|
*English 86%
*Spanish 6%
*Other 8%}}
|population_demonym = Virginian
|LargestCity = [[Virginia Beach, Virginie|Virginia Beach]]
|seat = [[Richmond, Virginie|Richmond]]
|LargestMetro = [[Washington metropolitan aurie|Washington-Arlington-Alexandria]]
|area_rank = 35t
|area_total_sq_mi = 42,774.2
|area_total_km2 = 110,785.67
|width_mi = 200
|width_km = 320
|length_mi = 430
|length_km = 690
|area_water_percent = 7.4
|Latitude = 36°&nbsp;32′&nbsp;N tae 39°&nbsp;28′&nbsp;N
|Longitude = 75°&nbsp;15′&nbsp;W tae 83°&nbsp;41′&nbsp;W
|population_rank = 12t
|population_as_of = 2019
|2010Pop = 8,535,519
|MedianHouseholdIncome = $71,535<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.kff.org/other/state-indicator/median-annual-income/?currentTimeframe=0&selectedRows=%7B%22states%22:%7B%22virginia%22:%7B%7D%7D%7D&sortModel=%7B%22colId%22:%22Location%22,%22sort%22:%22asc%22%7D|website=The Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation|title=Median Annual Household Income|year=2017|accessdate=March 16, 2019}}</ref>
|2000DensityUS = 206.7
|2000Density = 79.8
|population_density_rank = 14t
|IncomeRank = 10t
|elevation_max_point = [[Munt Rogers (Virginie)|Munt Rogers]]<ref name=mtrogers>{{harvnb|Burnham|Burnham|2018|pp=277}}</ref>
|elevation_max_ft = 5,729
|elevation_max_m = 1746
|elevation_ft = 950
|elevation_m = 290
|elevation_min_point = [[Atlantic Ocean]]
|elevation_min_m = 0
|elevation_min_ft = 0
|Former = Colony o Virginie
|AdmittanceDate = 25 Juin 1788
|AdmittanceOrder = 10t
|Governor = {{nowrap|[[Ralph Northam]] ([[Democratic Pairty (Unitit States)|D]])}}
|Lieutenant Governor = {{nowrap|[[Justin Fairfax]] (D)}}
|Legislature = [[Virginie General Assemmly|General Assemmly]]
|Upperhouse = [[Senate o Virginie|Senate]]
|Lowerhouse = [[Virginie Hoose o Delegates|Hoose o Delegates]]
|Judiciary = [[Supreme Coort o Virginie]]
|Senators = {{plainlist|
*{{nowrap|[[Mark Warner]] (D)}}
*{{nowrap|[[Tim Kaine]] (D)}}}}
|Representative = {{plainlist|
*7 Democrats
*4 Republicans}}
|timezone1 = [[Eastren Time Zone|Eastern]]
|utc_offset1 = −05:00
|timezone1_DST = [[Eastren Daylicht Time|EDT]]
|utc_offset1_DST = −04:00
|iso_code = US-VA
|postal_code = VA
|TradAbbreviation = Va.
|website = www.virginia.gov
|LargestCounty = [[Fairfax Coonty, Virginie|Fairfax Coonty]]
|ElectoralVotes = 13
|SecededDate = 17 Apryle  1861
|ReadmittanceDate = 26 Januar 1870
}}
'''Virginie''' ({{lang-en|Virginia}}), offeecially the '''Commonweel o Virginie''', is a [[U.S. state]] locatit in the [[Sooth Atlantic States|Sooth Atlantic region]] o the [[Unitit States]]. Virginia is nicknamit the "Old Dominion" an whiles the "Mother o Presidents" efter the [[:en:Lists of United States Presidents by place of birth#By state of birth|aicht U.S. preses]] born thare. The geography an climate o the Commonwalth are shapit bi the [[Blue Ridge Mountains]] an the [[Chesapeake Bay]], which provide habitat for hintle o its flora an fauna. The caipital o the [[Commonwalth (U.S. state)|Commonwalth]] is [[Richmond, Virginie|Richmond]]; an [[Virginia Beach, Virginie|Virginia Beach]] is the maist muckle ceety. [[Fairfax Coonty, Virginie|Fairfax Coonty]] is the maist populous poleetical subdiveesion. The Commonwalth's population is ower aicht million.

{{Year dab|1905}}
{{Year nav|1905}}
Year '''1905''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MCMV]]''') wis a [[common year stairtin on Sunday]] (airtin will display full calendar) o the [[Gregorian calendar]] an a [[common year stairtin on Setturday]] o the 13-day-slower [[Julian calendar]].

{{Coord|33|N|44|E|display=title}}
|{{native name|ku|كۆماريى عێراق|italics=off}}}}
| common_name              = Iraq
| image_flag               = Flag of Iraq.svg
| image_coat               = Coat of arms of Iraq.svg
| image_map                = Iraq (orthographic projection).svg
| image_map2               = Iraq - Location Map (2013) - IRQ - UNOCHA.svg
| national_motto           = {{native phrase|ar|الله أكبر|italics=off}}<br />"[[Takbir|Allahu Akbar]]"&nbsp;{{small|([[transleeteration]])<br />"[[God in Islam|God]] is the Greatest"}}
|national_anthem = "''[[Mawtini]]''"<br />{{lang|ar|"موطني"}}<br />"{{small|My Homeland}}"<br />{{center|}}<!--<br />''[[Ardh Alforatain]]''{{nbsp|2}}{{small|(previous)}}-->
| capital                  = [[Baghdad]]
| coordinates              = {{Coord|33|20|N|44|26|E|type:city}}
| largest_city             = caipital
| official_languages       = {{hlist |[[Modren Standard Arabic|Arabic]]|[[Kurdish leids|Kurdish]]}}
| religion                 = [[Islam]]
| demonym                  = Iraqi
| government_type          = [[Federation|Federal]] [[Pairlamentary seestem|pairlamentary]] [[republic]]
| leader_title1            = [[Preses o Iraq|Preses]]
| leader_name1             = [[Barham Salih]]
| leader_title2            = [[Prime Meenister o Iraq|Prime Meenister]]
| leader_name2             =  [[Mustafa Al-Kadhimi]] 
| legislature              = [[Cooncil o Representatives o Iraq|Cooncil o Representatives]]
| area_rank                = 59t
| area_magnitude           = 1 E11
| area_km2                 = 437,072
| area_sq_mi               = 169,234 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]-->
| percent_water            = 1.1
| population_estimate      = 38,146,025<ref>[http://www.mofamission.gov.iq/ Embassies overseas of Republic of İraq] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140208014232/http://www.mofamission.gov.iq/ |date=2014-02-08 }}: [http://www.mofamission.gov.iq/nld/ab/articledisplay.aspx?gid=1&id=14075 جريدة الصباح تنشر احصائية وزارة التخطيط لعدد نفوس سكان العراق لسنة] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140208014232/http://www.mofamission.gov.iq/ |date=February 8, 2014 }}</ref><ref name=cia>{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/iz.html |title=Iraq |work=[[CIA Factbook]] |access-date=2017-05-11 |archive-date=2018-12-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181224211125/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/iz.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| population_estimate_rank = 36t
| population_estimate_year = 2016
| population_census        =
| population_census_year   =
| population_density_km2   = 82.7
| population_density_sq_mi = 183.9 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]-->
| population_density_rank  = 125t
| GDP_PPP                  = $612 billion<ref name=imf2>{{cite web |url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2016/02/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=41&pr.y=12&sy=2014&ey=2021&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=433&s=NGDP_R%2CNGDP_RPCH%2CNGDP%2CNGDPD%2CNGDP_D%2CNGDPRPC%2CNGDPPC%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC%2CPPPSH%2CPPPEX%2CNGSD_NGDP%2CPCPI%2CPCPIPCH%2CPCPIE%2CPCPIEPCH%2CLP%2CGGR%2CGGR_NGDP%2CGGX%2CGGX_NGDP%2CGGXCNL%2CGGXCNL_NGDP%2CGGXONLB%2CGGXONLB_NGDP%2CGGXWDG%2CGGXWDG_NGDP%2CNGDP_FY%2CBCA%2CBCA_NGDPD&grp=0&a= |title=Iraq |publisher=International Monetary Fund}}</ref>
| GDP_PPP_rank             = 34t
| GDP_PPP_year             = 2017
| GDP_PPP_per_capita       = $16,551<ref name=imf2/>
| GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank  = 71st
| GDP_nominal_year         = 2015
| GDP_nominal              = $240.006 billion<ref name=imf2/>
| GDP_nominal_rank         = 47t
| GDP_nominal_per_capita   = $6,491<ref name=imf2/>
| GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 88t
| sovereignty_type         = [[Unthirldom]] {{nobold|frae the [[Unitit Kinrick]]}}
| established_event2       = [[Kinrick o Iraq|Kingdom]]
| established_date2        = {{start date|1932|10|03|df=y}}
| established_event3       = [[1958 Iraqi coup d'état|Republic declared]]
| established_date3        = 14 July 1958
| established_event4       = [[Constitution o Iraq|Current constitution]]
| established_date4        = 15 October 2005
| Gini_year                = 2012
| Gini_change              = <!--increase/decrease/steady-->
| Gini                     = 29.5 <!--number only-->
| Gini_ref                 = <ref>{{cite web|url=http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI/ |title=World Bank GINI index |publisher=Data.worldbank.org |accessdate=2016-08-17 }}</ref>
| Gini_rank                =
| HDI_year                 = 2014<!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year-->
| HDI_change               = increase<!--increase/decrease/steady-->
| HDI                      = 0.654 <!--number only-->
| HDI_ref                  = <ref>{{cite web|url=http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr_2015_statistical_annex.pdf |title=2015 Human Development Report Statistical Annex |date=2015 |accessdate=December 14, 2015 |publisher=United Nations Development Programme | page=9}}</ref>
| HDI_rank                 = 121st
| currency                 = [[Iraqi dinar]]
| currency_code            = IQD
| country_code             = IRQ
| time_zone                = [[Arabie Staundart Time|AST]]
| utc_offset               = +3
| drives_on                = right
| calling_code             = [[Telephone nummers in Iraq|+964]]
| cctld                    = [[.iq]]
| footnote_a               = Constitution o Iraq, Airticle 4 (1st).
}}

{{fixscots}}
{{taxobox
|name = ''Artemisia dracunculus''<br>Tarragon
|image = Estragon 1511.jpg
|image_width = 250px
|regnum = [[Plant]]ae
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Asterids]]
|ordo = [[Asterales]]
|familia = [[Asteraceae]]
|genus = ''[[Artemisia (genus)|Artemisia]]''
|species = '''''A. dracunculus'''''
|binomial = ''Artemisia dracunculus''
|binomial_authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]<ref name=grin>''Artemisia dracunculus'' was described in Linnaeus's ''[[Species Plantarum]]'' 2:849. 1753. {{cite web |url=http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?4282 |title=''Artemisia dracunculus'' information from NPGS/GRIN |author=[[Germplasm Resources Information Network|GRIN]] |work=Taxonomy for Plants |date=June 20, 2008 |access-date=2014-04-29 |archive-date=2004-11-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041117171802/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?4282 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
}}
'''Tarragon''' ('''''Artemisia dracunculus''''') is a species o [[perennial plant|perennial]] [[yerb]] in the faimily [[Asteraceae]].

'''"A [[leid]] is a [[dialect]] wi an [[airmy]] an a [[navy|fleet]]!"'''  (''A shprakh iz a dialekt mit an armey un flot!'') is a weel-kent quote fae the [[Yiddish leid|Yiddish]] linguist [[Max Weinreich]].

'''Rhyolite''' is an [[igneous rock|igneous]], [[volcanic rock]], o [[felsic]] ([[silica]]-rich) composeetion (teepically > 69% SiO<sub>2</sub>—see the [[TAS classification]]). It mey hae ony texture frae [[glassy]] tae [[aphanitic]] tae [[porphyritic]]. The [[mineral]] assemblage is uisually [[quartz]], [[alkali feldspar]] an [[plagioclase]] (in a ratio > 1:2—see the [[QAPF diagram]]). [[Biotite]] an [[hornblende]] are common accessory minerals.

[[Image:Lactose.svg|thumb|right|310px|[[Lactose]] is a [[disaccharide]] foond in [[milk]]. It consists o a molecule o [[galactose|D-galactose]] an a molecule o [[glucose|D-glucose]] bondit bi beta-1-4 [[glycosidic linkage]]. It haes a formula o C<sub>12</sub>H<sub>22</sub>O<sub>11</sub>.]]

{{fixscots|date=Mairch 2021}}

| founder          = [[Friedrich Bayer]],<br> [[Johann Friedrich Weskott]]
| foundation       =  August 1 1863 <ref name="bayer1">[http://www.bayer.com/en/1863-1881.aspx Bayer: 150 years - The early years (1863–1881)]</ref>
| location         = [[Leverkusen]], Germany
| key_people = {{Plainlist|
* [[Werner Baumann]] {{small|(CEO)}}
* Werner Wenning {{small|(Chairman o the [[supervisory buird]])}}
}}
| revenue = {{increase}} [[Euro|€]]43.545 billion (2019)<ref name="AR2019">{{cite web |url=https://www.bayer.com/en/bayer-ag-annual-report-2019.pdfx?forced=true |title=Bayer AG Annual Report 2019 |accessdate=27 April 2020 |publisher=Bayer AG |archive-date=2020-05-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200519232648/https://www.bayer.com/en/bayer-ag-annual-report-2019.pdfx?forced=true |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| operating_income = {{increase}} €4.189 billion (2019)<ref name="AR2019"/>
| net_income = {{increase}} €4.091 billion (2019)<ref name="AR2019"/>
| assets = {{decrease}} €126.258 billion (end 2019)<ref name="AR2019"/>
| equity = {{increase}} €47.517 billion (end 2019)<ref name="AR2019"/>
| num_employees = 103,824 ([[full-time equivalent|FTE]], end 2019)<ref name="AR2019"/>
| industry         = [[Pharmaceutical company|Pharmaceuticals]], [[Chemical substance|chemicals]]
| products         = [[Veterinary medicine|Veterinary]] drugs,<br> [[Medical imagin|diagnostic imagin]],<br> general an specialty medicines,<br> [[weemen's heal]] products,<br> [[ower-the-coonter drug]]s,<br> [[diabetes]] care, [[pesticides]],<br> [[Plant breedin|plant biotechnology]],<br> [[polymer]]s, [[coatin]]s, [[adhesive]]s
| homepage         = [http://www.bayer.com/ www.bayer.com]
| subsid           = [[Bayer MaterialScience]], [[Bayer USA]],<br> [[Bayer Schering Pharma]],<br> [[Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals]],<br> [[#Bayer CropScience|Bayer CropScience]]
| intl             = yes
}}
'''Bayer AG''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|b|aɪ|ər}}; {{IPA-de|ˈbaɪ̯ɐ}}) is a [[Germany|German]] [[chemical industry|chemical]] an [[pharmaceutical company]] foondit in [[Barmen]] (the day a pairt o [[Wuppertal]]), Germany in 1863. It is heidquartered in [[Leverkusen]], [[North Rhine-Westphalia]], Germany an weel kent for its oreeginal brand o [[aspirin]]. Bayer mercatit [[heroin]] in 1895 an inventit aspirin in 1897. The company {{show by date|2013|8|1|will be|was}} 150 year auld on 1 August 2013.<ref name="bayer1"/>

'''Satyagraha''' ({{IPAc-en|ˌ|s|æ|t|ɪ|ə|ˈ|ɡ|r|ɑː|h|ɑː}}; {{lang-sa|सत्याग्रह}} ''satyāgraha''), loosely translatit as "insistence on truth" (''satya'' "truth"; ''agraha'' "insistence") or ''haulding ontae truth''<ref>http://www.gandhifoundation.net/about%20gandhi6.htm “Truth (satya) implies love, and firmness (agraha) engenders and therefore serves as a synonym for force. I thus began to call the Indian movement Satyagraha, that is to say, the Force which is born of Truth and Love or nonviolence, and gave up the use of the phrase “passive resistance”, in connection with it, so much so that even in English writing we often avoided it and used instead the word “satyagraha” itself or some other equivalent English phrase.”</ref> or ''truth force'', is a pairteecular filosofie an practice within the broader oweraw category generally kent as [[nonviolent resistance]] or [[ceevil resistance]]. The term ''satyagraha'' wis coined an developed bi [[Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi|Mahatma Gandhi]].<ref name="Majmudar p38">{{cite book|author=Uma Majmudar|title=Gandhi's pilgrimage of faith: from darkness to light|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=xM4paHEq5oQC&pg=PA138|year=2005|publisher=SUNY Press|page=138|isbn=9780791464052}}</ref>

A '''yerbaceous plant''' is a [[plant]] that haes [[leaf]]s an [[Plant stem|stems]] that die doun at the end o the [[growin saison]] tae the sile level.

{{Taxobox
| name = African saucrit ibis
| status = LC
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| status_ref = <ref>{{IUCN|id=106003794 |title=''Threskiornis aethiopicus'' |assessors=[[BirdLife International]] |version=2012.1 |year=2012 |accessdate=16 July 2012}}</ref>
| image = Threskiornis aethiopicus -Mida Creek mud flats, Kenya-8.jpg
| image_caption=Foragin in Mida Creek mud flats, Kenyae
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]]
| classis = [[Bird|Aves]]
| ordo = [[Pelecaniformes]]
| familia = [[Threskiornithidae]]
| subfamilia = [[Threskiornithinae]]
| familia = [[Threskiornithidae]]
| genus = ''[[Threskiornis]]''
| species = '''''T. aethiopicus'''''
| binomial = ''Threskiornis aethiopicus''
| binomial_authority = ([[John Latham (ornithologist)|Latham]], 1790)
}}

{{fixscots}}

'''Réunion''' ({{lang-fr|La Réunion}}, {{IPA-fr|la 'ʁeynjɔ̃|IPA|Lareunion.ogg}}; previously ''Île Bourbon'') is a [[Fraunce|French]] island wi a population o aboot 800,000 locatit in the [[Indie Ocean]], east o [[Madagascar]], aboot {{convert|200|km|mi}} sooth wast o [[Mauritius]], the nearest island.

'''David Hume''' ([[7 Mey]] (New Style)/[[26 Aprile|26 Apryle]] (Auld Style) [[1711]] – [[25 August]] [[1776]]) wis a [[Scotland|Scots]] economist, historian, author an [[philosophy|philosopher]]. He wis verra important in Wastren Philosophy.

{{Fixscots}}
In [[physics]], the '''fine-structure constant''', kent as '''Sommerfeld's constant''' anaw, commonly [[Scrievin|scrieved]] by {{Math|''α''}} (the [[Greek alphabet|Greek letter]] ''[[alpha]]''), is a [[dimensionless physical constant]] chairacterisin the strenth of the [[Electromagnetism|electromagnetic interaction]] atween [[Elementary pairticle|elementary]] [[Electric chairge|chairged]] [[Pairticle|pairticles]]. It is relatit tae the [[elementary chairge]] {{Math|''e''}}, that chairacterises the strenth o couplin o an elementary chairged pairticle wi tha [[electromagnetic field]], bi the formula {{Math|1=4π''ε''<sub>0</sub>''ħcα'' = ''e''<sup>2</sup>}}. Being a [[dimensionless quantity]], it hae the sel an same [[Nummer|nummerical vailyie]] in aw [[Seestem o units|seestems o units]], that is approximately {{Sfrac|137}} .

|native_name            = 
|native_name_lang       = 
|nickname               = 
|settlement_type        = Ceety
|motto                  = 
|image_skyline          = Alvar Aalto-centrum i Östermyra, sommaren 2003.jpg
|imagesize              = 
|image_caption          = Lakeuden Risti Kirk
|image_flag             = 
|flag_size              = 
|image_seal             = 
|seal_size              = 
|image_shield           = Seinäjoki.vaakuna.svg
|shield_size            = 
|image_blank_emblem     = 
|blank_emblem_type      = 
|blank_emblem_size      = 
|image_map              = Seinäjoki.sijainti.suomi.2009.svg
|mapsize                = 
|map_caption            = Location of Seinäjoki in [[Finland]]
|image_dot_map          = 
|dot_mapsize            = 
|dot_map_caption        = 
|dot_x =  |dot_y = 
|pushpin_map            = <!-- name of a location map as per Template:Location_map -->
|pushpin_label_position = <!-- position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none -->
|pushpin_map_caption    = 
|pushpin_mapsize        = 
|province               = 
|region                 = [[Soothren Ostrobothnie]]
|subregion              = Seinäjoki sub-region
|leader_title           = [[Ceety manager]]
|leader_name            = Jorma Rasinmäki
|leader_title1          = 
|leader_name1           = 
|leader_title2          = 
|leader_name2           = 
|leader_title3          = 
|leader_name3           = 
|established_title      = [[Charter]]
|established_date       = [[1868]]
|established_title2     = [[Köping|Market town]]
|established_date2      = [[1931]]
|established_title3     = [[City rights|Town]]
|established_date3      = [[1960]]
|extinct_title          = 
|extinct_date           = 
|area_urban_km2         = 
|area_metro_km2         = 
|population_metro       = 
|population_blank1_title  = 
|population_blank1        = 
|population_density_metro_km2 = 
|population_urban       = 
|population_density_urban_km2 = 
|population_note        = 
|finnish_official       = 1
|swedish_official       = 
|sami_official          = 
|urbanisation           = 
|unemployment           = 
|blank1_name            = 
|blank1_info            = 
|blank2_name            = 
|blank2_info            = 
|blank3_name            = 
|blank3_info            = 
|blank4_name            = 
|blank4_info            = 
|coordinates_type       = 
|coordinates            = {{coord|62|47.5|N|022|50.5|E|display=inline,title}}
|elevation_m            = 
|postal_code            = 
|website                = [http://www.seinajoki.fi/ www.seinajoki.fi]
|footnotes              = 
}}

An '''actress''' (alternatively '''actor''' faer a male) is a [[bodie]] portrayin a character in a dramatic or comic production; she or he performs i: [[film]], [[telly]], [[theatre]], or radio.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.lexico.com/en/definition/actor |title=Definition of actor |website=Lexico |access-date=27 November 2019 |archive-date=2020-06-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200627150830/https://www.lexico.com/en/definition/actor |url-status=dead }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200627150830/https://www.lexico.com/en/definition/actor |date=2020-06-27 }}</ref>

The wirds '''Celt''' an '''Celtic''' haes mony meanins an can be said in twa weys.

{|border
 |caption=A [[French Air Force]] Dassault Rafale at [[RIAT]] in 2009
 |alt=
}})<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dassault-aviation.com/wp-content/blogs.dir/1/files/2015/07/2015.06_DASSAULT_AVIATION_Communique_financier_EN.pdf|title=2015 first half-year results|work=Dassault Aviation|date=23 July 2015|accessdate=26 November 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dassault-aviation.com/wp-content/blogs.dir/2/files/2015/09/2015.06_Press-conference.pdf|title=Press conference - July, 23rd 2015|work=Dassault Aviation|date=23 July 2015|accessdate=26 November 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dassault-aviation.com/wp-content/blogs.dir/1/files/2015/07/DASSAULT-AVIATION_2015-first-half-year-financial-report.pdf|title=2015 - 1st Half-Year Financial report|work=Dassault Aviation|accessdate=26 November 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite press release |url=http://www.dassault-aviation.com/wp-content/blogs.dir/2/files/2014/10/EN-Rafale-Navy-F1-F3.pdf |title=The French defense procurement agency (DGA) takes delivery of its 1st retrofitted Rafale "Marine" from Dassault Aviation |publisher=Dassault Aviation |date=7 October 2014 |accessdate=25 October 2014}}</ref><ref name=25_July_2014_press_release>{{Cite press release |url=http://www.dassault-aviation.com/wp-content/blogs.dir/1/files/2014/07/EN-Dassault-Aviation-_-H1-_-07-25-2014.pdf |title=2014 first half-year results |publisher=Dassault Aviation |date=25 July 2014 |accessdate=4 October 2014}}</ref><!--<ref>{{Cite web |url= http://www.defense.gouv.fr/dga/actualite/lancement-du-nouveau-standard-du-programme-rafale |title= Lancement du nouveau standard du programme Rafale |trans_title= Launch of the Rafale program new standard |date= 10 January 2014 |place= FR |publisher= Défense |language= French}} {{Wayback|url=http://www.defense.gouv.fr/dga/actualite/lancement-du-nouveau-standard-du-programme-rafale|date =20140110233852}}</ref>--><ref>{{cite web|last=Cabirol|first=Michel|url=http://www.latribune.fr/entreprises-finance/industrie/aeronautique-defense/exportation-du-rafale-les-inquietudes-de-l-armee-de-l-air-482410.html |title=Exportation du Rafale : les inquiétudes de l'armée de l'air |work=La Tribune |date=15 August 2015 |accessdate=29 October 2015}}</ref>
 |program cost= €45.9 billion <small>(as o FY2013)</small><ref name=Francebudget2013>{{cite web |url=http://www.senat.fr/rap/a13-158-8/a13-158-813.html#toc178 |title=Projet de loi de finances pour 2014 : Défense : équipement des forces et excellence technologique des industries de défense |language=French |publisher=Senate of France |date=21 November 2013 |accessdate=2 July 2014 |quote= Avant prise en compte du projet de LPM, le coût total du programme pour l'Etat était de 45,9 Mds €2013. Le coût unitaire (hors coût de développement) de 74 M€2013 pour le Rafale B (pour 110 avions) de 68,8 M€2013 pour le Rafale C (pour 118 avions) et de 79 M€2011 pour le Rafale M (pour 58 avions)."<br>'''Translatit:''' Afore takin intae accopnt the draft Trademark Law, the tot cost o the progremme for the state wis 45.9 billion € 2013. Unit cost (excludin development costs) of €74M 2013 for the Rafale B (110 aircraft) €68.8M 2013 for the Rafale C (for 118 aircraft) an 79 M € 2011 for the Rafale M (58 aircraft).}}</ref> (US$62.7&nbsp;billion)
 |unit cost=Rafale B: €74m, $101m ([[flrraway cost]], FY2013)<ref name=Francebudget2013 /> <br />Rafale C: €68.8m, $94m (fleeaway cost, FY2013)<ref name=Francebudget2013 /> <br />Rafale M: €79m, $108m (flrraway cost, 2011)<ref name=Francebudget2013 />
 |developed from=
 |variants with their own articles=
}}
|}
The '''Dassault Rafale''' ({{IPA-fr|ʁafal}}, leeterally meanin "gust o wind",<ref>{{plainlist|* {{cite web|url=http://www.wordreference.com/fren/rafale|title=rafale|work=WordReference|accessdate=26 November 2015}}
* {{cite web|url=http://www.wordreference.com/enfr/gust%20of%20wind|title=gust of wind|work=WordReference|accessdate=26 November 2015}}}}</ref> an "burst of fire" in a mair militar sense)<ref>Langenscheidt Taschenwörterbuch Englisch-Französisch p471</ref> is a French [[Twinjet|twin-ingine]], [[Canard (aeronautics)|canard]] [[delta weeng]], [[Multirole combat aircraft|multirole]] [[fechter aircraft]] designed an biggit bi [[Dassault Aviation]].

A '''municipality''' is for ordinar a urban [[admeenistrative diveesion|admienistrative diviesion]] haein corporate status an aften haes pouers o sel-guvernment. The term ''municipality'' is uised tae mean the guvernin body o a municipality.<ref>{{cite web
  |url=http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/municipality?show=0&t=1310881057
  |title=Municipality
  |publisher=[[Merriam-Webster]]
}}</ref> A municipality is a general-purpose admienistrative subdiviesion, as fornent a [[special-purpose destrict]].  The term comes frae French "municipalité" an Laitin "municipalis".<ref>{{cite web
  |url=http://www.yourdictionary.com/municipality
  |title=municipality definition
  |publisher=Yourdictionary.com
}}</ref>

{{fixscots}}

]]
'''Ṣalāt''' ("prayer", {{lang-ar|[[Wikt:صلاة|صلاة]]}} ''{{transl|ar|DIN|ṣalāh}}'' or [[genitive case#Arabic|{{smallcaps|'''gen'''}}]]: ''{{transl|ar|DIN|ṣalāt}}''; pl. {{lang|ar|صلوات}} ''{{transl|ar|DIN|ṣalawāt}}'') is the practice o ritualistic prayer in [[Islam]] as opponed tae [[dua]], which is the Arabic wird for [[supplication]].

'''Clan Macdonald o Sleat''', whiles kent as '''Clan Donald North''' an in [[Gaelic leid|Gaelic]] '''''Clann Ùisdein''''' {{IPA-gd|klˠ̪aNˈuːʃtʲɛɲ|}}, is a [[Scots clan]] an a branch o [[Clan Donald]] — ane o the lairgest Scots clans. The foonder o the Macdonalds o Sleat is Ùisdean, 6t  ieroe o [[Somerled|Somhairle]], a 12t century [[Lord o the Isles|Rì Innse Gall]]. The clan kin forbye be kent in  Gaelic as ''Clann Ùisdein'' ("children of Ùisdein"), an its chief's Gaelic designation is ''Mac Ùisdein'' ("son of Ùisdean"), in reference tae the clan's foonder. Baith the clan an its [[Scots clan chief|clan chief]] are recognised by the [[Lord Lyon Keeng o Airms]], who is the [[Scottish heraldry|heraldic authority in Scotland]].

instead -->
| type                    = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment]]
| image_skyline           = FR-15-Aurillac21.JPG
| image_alt               = 
| image_caption           = [[Prefecturs in Fraunce|Prefectur]] biggin o the Cantal depairtment, in Aurillac
| image_flag              = Drapeau fr département Cantal.svg
| flag_alt                = 
| image_shield            = Blason département fr Cantal.svg
| shield_alt              = 
| nickname                = 
| motto                   = 
| image_map               = Cantal-Position.svg
| map_alt                 = 
| map_caption             = Location o Cantal in Fraunce
| pushpin_map             = 
| pushpin_label_position  = 
| pushpin_map_alt         = 
| pushpin_map_caption     = 
| coordinates             = {{coord|45|2|N|3|6|E|region:FR_type:adm2nd|display=inline,title}}
| coor_pinpoint           = 
| coordinates_footnotes   = 
| subdivision_type        = Kintra
| subdivision_name        = Fraunce
| subdivision_type1       = [[Regions o Fraunce|Region]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[Auvergne (region)|Auvergne]]
| established_title       = 
| established_date        = 
| founder                 = 
| seat_type               = [[Prefecturs in Fraunce|Prefectur]]
| seat                    = [[Aurillac]]
| parts_type              = [[Subprefecturs in Fraunce|Subprefecturs]]
| parts_style             = para
| p1                      = [[Mauriac, Cantal|Mauriac]]<br>[[Saint-Flour, Cantal|Saint-Flour]]
| government_footnotes    = 
| leader_party            = [[Union for a Popular Muivement|UMP]]
| leader_title            = [[Preses o the general cooncil|Preses o the General Cooncil]]
| leader_name             = [[Vincent Descoeur]]
| unit_pref               = Metric<!-- or US or UK -->
| area_magnitude          = 
| area_footnotes          = {{ref|area|1}}
| area_total_km2          = 5726
| area_note               = 
| elevation_footnotes     = 
| elevation_m             = 
| elevation_min_m         = 
| elevation_max_m         = 
| population_footnotes    = 
| population_total        = 150778
| population_as_of        = 1999
| population_rank         = [[Leet o French depairtments bi population|92nt]]
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_demonym      = 
| population_note         = 
| blank_name_sec1         = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment nummer]]
| blank_info_sec1         = 15
| blank_name_sec2         = [[Arrondissements o Fraunce|Arrondissements]]
| blank_info_sec2         = [[arrondissements o the Cantal depairtment|3]]
| blank1_name_sec2        = [[Cantons in Fraunce|Cantons]]
| blank1_info_sec2        = [[cantons o the Cantal depairtment|15]]
| blank2_name_sec2        = [[Communes in Fraunce|Communes]]
| blank2_info_sec2        = [[communes o the Cantal depairtment|260]]
| timezone1               = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset1             = +1
| timezone1_DST           = [[Central European Simmer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset1_DST         = +2
| postal_code_type        = 
| postal_code             = 
| area_code_type          = 
| area_code               = 
| iso_code                = 
| website                 = 
| footnotes               = {{note|area|1}} French Land Register data, which exclude [[estuary|estuaries]], an lochs, ponds, an glaciers lairger nor 1&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>
}}
'''Cantal''' ({{IPA-fr|kɑ̃.tal}}; {{lang-oc|Cantal, Cantau, Chantal, Chantau}}) is a [[depairtments o Fraunce|depairtment]] in sooth-central Fraunce.

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|platforms =  2
|years     = {{start date|1988|10|03|df=y}}
|events    = Station opened
|original  = [[British Rail]]
|gridref   = NT331716
}}
'''Musselburgh railwey station''' is a [[railwey station]] servin the toun o [[Musselburrae]], [[East Lowden]] near [[Edinburgh]] in [[Scotland]].

{{short description|Japanese Go player}}
'''Miori Shimosaka''' (下坂美織) is a Japanese [[perfaision]]al [[Go]] player at [[Nihon Ki-in]]<ref name="sen">[https://senseis.xmp.net/?ShimosakaMiori Miori Shimosaka at Sensei's Library]</ref><ref name="gr">[https://www.goratings.org/en/players/1191.html Miori Shimosaka at Go Ratings]</ref>. She wis born at [[Hokkaido]].
==Records==
{|class="wikitable"
!Year||Notes<ref name="sen"/><ref name="gr"/>
|-
|1998
|5t place in the U12 championship ([[:ja:少年少女囲碁大会]]<ref name="youth">Many Japanese perfaisionals have experiencit this tournament.</ref>)
|-
|1999
|Winner at the [[Hokkaido]] ladies championship (全道女流囲碁選手権, she is the youngest champion at this tournament). She wis an aw Qualifiit tae the main tournament at the U12 championship<ref name="youth"/>.
|-
|2000
|Winner at the Hokkaido amateur championship (アミノアップ杯争奪全道アマ本因坊戦). She wis an aw Qualifiit tae the main tournament o the Junior High School Championship<ref name="youth"/>.
|-
|2001
|Winner at the Hokkaido ladies championship. She wis an aw Qualifiit tae the main tournament o the Junior High School Championship<ref name="youth"/> an the Aw Japan Weemen's Amateur Championship<ref name="ladies">In Japan, there are many [[female]] perfaisional players who have experiencit/participatit this tournament.</ref>. 
|-
|2002
|Qualifiit tae the main tournament o the Junior High School Championship<ref name="youth"/>.
|-
|2003
|Winner at the High School Championship<ref name="youth"/> an the Aw Japan Weemen's Amateur Championship<ref name="ladies"/>.
|-
|2004
|Winner at the High School Championship<ref name="youth"/>.
|-
|2005
|Finalist at the High School Championship<ref name="youth"/>.
|-
|2006
|Enterit [[Waseda Varsity]]. She wis an aw the finalist at the Female Student Go Tournament ([[:ja:全日本女子学生本因坊決定戦]]) an 6t place at the Aw Japan Student's Best 10 (全日本学生囲碁十傑戦).
|-
|2007
|She contributit tae the Waseda Team's veectory at the Aw Japan Varsity Go Championship ([[:ja:全日本大学囲碁選手権]]). 7t place at the Aw Japan Weemen's Amateur Championship<ref name="ladies"/>.
|-
|2008
|Finalist at the Aw Japan Weemen's Amateur Championship<ref name="ladies"/>. She wis an aw 3rd place at the Female Student Go Tournament.
|-
|2009
|Obtainit professional status. She is the 1st heich schuil champion an 1st female player frae Hokkaido<ref>Before her, there were many perfaisional players frae Hokkaido. For example there are Norimoto Yoda ([[Sachiko Hara]]'s [[husband]]) and Koichi Kobayashi (Husband o [[Reiko Kobayashi]] and Father o [[Izumi Kobayashi]]).</ref> tae obtain this status. She wis an aw qualifiit tae the main tournament o the Rookie Championship (新人王戦<ref name="age">This tournament has an age restriction.</ref>).
|-
|2010
|Assistant at [[NHK]] Cup TV Go Tournament<ref name="nhk">This is a program at the NHK Eddicational TV.</ref>.
|-
|2011 an 2012
|Qualifiit tae the main tournament o the Weemen's Buird Master's title (女流棋聖戦)
|-
|2012
|Qualifiit tae the main tournament o the Rookie Championship<ref name="age"/>. She an aw representit [[Japan]] at the Warld's Ladies Go Championship (兵聖杯世界女子囲碁選手権).
|-
|2012-2014
|Personality at the [[NHK]] Cup TV Go Tournament<ref name="nhk"/>.
|}

| birth_place = [[Kouarfa]], [[French Dahomey]]
| spouse = 
| party = [[Fowk's Revolutionary Pairty o Benin]] (1975–1990)
| religion = [[Evangelicalism|Evangelical Christianity]]
}}
'''Mathieu Kérékou''', (born 2 September 1933<ref name="Pouvoir">[http://www.irinnews.org/Report.aspx?ReportId=69248 "Après 29 ans de pouvoir, le Président Kérékou tire sa révérence"], IRIN, 6 April 2006 {{fr icon}}.</ref>; died 14 October 2015) wis [[Leet o Preses o Benin|Preses]] o [[Benin]] frae 1972 tae 1991 an again frae 1996 tae 2006. Efter seizin pouer in a militar coup, he ruled the kintra for 17 years, for maist o that time unner an offeecially [[Marxist-Leninist]] ideology, afore he wis stripped o his pouers bi the Naitional Conference o 1990. He wis defeatit in the [[Beninese presidential election, 1991|1991 presidential election]], but wis returned tae the presidency in the [[Beninese presidential election, 1996|1996 election]] an controversially [[Beninese presidential election, 2001|re-electit in 2001]].

{{fixscots}}
</ref> It sees itsel in the tradeetion o [[Deutsche Luft Hansa|Deutsche Lufthansa]], the umwhile German naitional airline that wis foondit in 1926 an liquidatit in 1951, whose name an logo it acquired in 1954.<ref name=lex>{{cite book|last=Klussmann|first=Niels|title=Lexikon der Luftfahrt|year=2007|publisher=Springer|location=Heidelberg|pages=396–397|url=http://books.google.de/books?id=kPlnjmHolcsC&pg=PA396&dq=luftag+1953&hl=de&sa=X&ei=OMdxUbi4GqHh4QTdo4DwCA&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=luftag%201953&f=false}}</ref> Therefore, Lufthansa frequently gies "1926" as its foondin date, tho frae the legal point o view, it is no the [[Assignment (law)|assignee]] o the earlier airline.<ref name=DLHhistory>{{cite web|title=As Time Flies By|url=http://www.lufthansagroup.com/en/company/history.html|publisher=Lufthansa|accessdate=19 April 2013}}</ref>|group="note"}}
|commenced = 1955
|headquarters = [[Cologne]], [[Germany]]<!--HQ info cited in "Headquarters" section!-->
|key_people = Carsten Spohr <small>(Chairman & CEO)<ref>https://ph.news.yahoo.com/lufthansa-ceo-oversees-network-airline-brands-170145075--sector.html</ref></small>
|destinations = 220
| revenue          = {{increase}} [[Euro|€]]32.056&nbsp;billion <small>(2015)<ref name="ReferenceA"/>
| operating_income = {{increase}} €1.676&nbsp;billion <small>(2015)<ref name="ReferenceA"/>
| net_income       = {{increase}} €1.698&nbsp;billion <small>(2015)<ref name="ReferenceA"/>
| assets           = {{increase}} €32.462&nbsp;billion <small>(2015)<ref name="ReferenceA"/>
| equity           = {{increase}} €5.845&nbsp;billion <small>(2015)<ref name="ReferenceA"/>
| num_employees    = 120,262 <small>(2015)<ref name="ReferenceA">{{cite web|url=http://investor-relations.lufthansagroup.com/en/finanzberichte/annual-report/2015.html|title=2015 - Annual Report - Lufthansa Group|first=COMKOM° GmbH,|last=Germany|publisher=|access-date=2017-07-09|archive-date=2016-07-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160718171414/http://investor-relations.lufthansagroup.com/en/finanzberichte/annual-report/2015.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|company_slogan = 'Nonstop you'
|website = [http://www.lufthansa.com/ lufthansa.com]
|hubs =
* [[Düsseldorf Airport]]
* [[Frankfurt Airport]]
* [[Munich Airport]]
{{#tag:ref|Lufthansa coonts [[Vienna Internaitional Airport]] an [[Zurich Airport]] as its hubs an aw.<ref name=LHhubs>{{cite web|title=Our hubs in Frankfurt, Munich, Dusseldorf, Zurich and Vienna|url=http://www.lufthansa.com/de/en/Our-hubs-in-Frankfurt-Munich-Dusseldorf-Zurich-and-Vienna|publisher=Lufthansa|accessdate=30 October 2013}}</ref> They are no leetit here acause they are hame for Lufthansa's subsidiaries [[Austrian Airlines]] an [[Swiss International Air Lines]], respectively. For the same raison, [[Germanwings]] bases are omittit.|group="note"}}
|focus_cities = <!--As of 5 March 2014 all former focus cities have been transferred to Germanwings-->
|frequent_flyer = [[Miles & More]]
|lounge = 
* First Class Lounge
* Senator Lounge
* Business Lounge
|alliance = [[Star Alliance]]
|parent   = Private Investors (88.52%)
|subsidiaries   = 
<!--DO NOT ADD AUSTRIAN MYHOLIDAY. THIS IS JUST A TRADING BRAND OF AUSTRIAN AND NO INDEPENDENT COMPANY.-->
* [[Austrian Airlines]]
** [[Tyrolean Airways]]
* [[Swiss International Air Lines]]
** [[Swiss European Air Lines]]
** [[Edelweiss Air]]
* [[Lufthansa Regional]]
** [[Air Dolomiti]]
** [[Eurowings]]<!--DO NOT ADD ANY COMMENTS HERE-->
** [[Lufthansa CityLine]]
* [[Germanwings]]
* [[Lufthansa Cargo]]
* [[LSG Sky Chefs]]
* [[Lufthansa Consulting]]
* [[Lufthansa Flight Training]]
* [[Lufthansa Systems]]
* [[Lufthansa Technik]]
* Delvag
* [[Global Load Control]]
* [[AeroLogic]] (50%)
* [[SunExpress]] (50%)
|fleet_size = 281
}}

[[Image:Samochod (GAZ) Lublin-51.jpg|thumb|200px|Lublin-51, a license biggit GAZ-51.]]

| subdivision_type1               = [[Provinces an territories o Canada|Province]]
| subdivision_name1               = {{flag|Quebec}}
| subdivision_type2               = [[Region (Quebec)|Region]]
| subdivision_name2               = [[Montreal (region)|Montreal]]
| subdivision_type3               = [[Regional coonty municipality|RCM]]
| subdivision_name3               = Nane
| established_title               = Foondit
| established_date                = 1642
| established_title1              = Constitutit
| established_date1               = 1 Januar 2002
| established_title2              = 
| established_date2               = 
| parts_type                      = Burghs
| parts_style                     = <!-- =list (for list), coll (for collapsed list), para (for paragraph format)
Default is list if up to 5 items, coll if more than 5-->
| parts                           = <!-- parts text, or header for parts list -->
| p1                              = [[Ahuntsic-Cartierville]]
| p2                              = [[Anjou, Quebec|Anjou]]
| p3                              = [[Côte-des-Neiges–Notre-Dame-de-Grâce]]
| p4                              = [[L'Île-Bizard–Sainte-Geneviève]]
| p5                              = [[LaSalle, Quebec|LaSalle]]
| p6                              = [[Lachine, Quebec|Lachine]]
| p7                              = [[Le Plateau-Mont-Royal]]
| p8                              = [[Le Sud-Ouest]]
| p9                              = [[Mercier–Hochelaga-Maisonneuve]]
| p10                             = [[Montréal-Nord]]
| p11                             = [[Outremont, Quebec|Outremont]]
| p12                             = [[Pierrefonds-Roxboro]]
| p13                             = [[Rivière-des-Prairies–Pointe-aux-Trembles]]
| p14                             = [[Rosemont–La Petite-Patrie]]
| p15                             = [[Saint-Laurent, Quebec|Saint-Laurent]]
| p16                             = [[St. Leonard, Quebec|Saint-Léonard]]
| p17                             = [[Verdun, Quebec|Verdun]]
| p18                             = [[Ville-Marie, Montreal|Ville-Marie]]
| p19                             = [[Villeray–Saint-Michel–Parc-Extension]]
| government_footnotes            = <ref name="mamrot">{{mamrot |type=municipalite |66023}}</ref>
| government_type                 = [[Montreal City Council]]
| leader_title                    = Mayor
| leader_name                     = [[Valérie Plante]]
| leader_title1                   = [[Leet o Canadian federal electoral destricts|Federal ridin]]
| leader_name1                    = {{Collapsible list
|title       = List
|frame_style = border:none; padding: 0;
|list_style  = text-align:left;display:none;
|1           = [[Ahuntsic (electoral destrict)|Ahuntsic]]
|2           = [[Bourassa (electoral destrict)|Bourassa]]
|3           = [[Hochelaga (electoral destrict)|Hochelaga]]
|4           = [[Honoré-Mercier (electoral destrict)|Honoré-Mercier]]
|5           = [[Jeanne-Le Ber]]
|6           = [[La Pointe-de-l'Île]]
|7           = [[Lac-Saint-Louis (electoral destrict)|Lac-Saint-Louis]]
|8           = [[LaSalle—Émard]]
|9           = [[Laurier—Sainte-Marie]]
|10          = [[Mount Royal (electoral destrict)|Mount Royal]]
|11          = [[Notre-Dame-de-Grâce—Lachine]]
|12          = [[Outremont (electoral destrict)|Outremont]]
|13          = [[Papineau (electoral destrict)|Papineau]]
|14          = [[Pierrefonds—Dollard]]
|15          = [[Rosemont—La Petite-Patrie]]
|16          = [[Saint-Laurent—Cartierville]]
|17          = [[Saint-Léonard—Saint-Michel]]
|18          = [[Westmount—Ville-Marie]]
}}
| leader_title2                   = [[Leet o Quebec provincial electoral destricts|Prov. ridin]]
| leader_name2                    = {{Collapsible list
|title       = List
|frame_style = border:none; padding: 0;
|list_style  = text-align:left;display:none;
|1           = [[Acadie (provincial electoral destrict)|Acadie]]
|2           = [[Anjou (provincial electoral destrict)|Anjou]]
|3           = [[Bourassa-Sauvé (provincial electoral destrict)|Bourassa-Sauvé]]
|4           = [[Bourget (provincial electoral destrict)|Bourget]]
|5           = [[Crémazie (provincial electoral destrict)|Crémazie]]
|6           = [[D'Arcy-McGee (provincial electoral destrict)|D'Arcy-McGee]]
|7           = [[Gouin (provincial electoral destrict)|Gouin]]
|8           = [[Hochelaga-Maisonneuve (provincial electoral destrict)|Hochelaga-Maisonneuve]]
|9           = [[Jeanne-Mance–Viger (provincial electoral destrict)|Jeanne-Mance–Viger]]
|10          = [[LaFontaine (provincial electoral destrict)|LaFontaine]]
|11          = [[Laurier-Dorion (provincial electoral destrict)|Laurier-Dorion]]
|12          = [[Marguerite-Bourgeoys (provincial electoral destrict)|Marguerite-Bourgeoys]]
|13          = [[Marquette (provincial electoral destrict)|Marquette]]
|14          = [[Mercier (provincial electoral destrict)|Mercier]]
|15          = [[Mont-Royal (provincial electoral destrict)|Mont-Royal]]
|16          = [[Nelligan (provincial electoral destrict)|Nelligan]]
|17          = [[Notre-Dame-de-Grâce (provincial electoral destrict)|Notre-Dame-de-Grâce]]
|18          = [[Outremont (provincial electoral destrict)|Outremont]]
|19          = [[Pointe-aux-Trembles (provincial electoral destrict)|Pointe-aux-Trembles]]
|20          = [[Robert-Baldwin (provincial electoral destrict)|Robert-Baldwin]]
|21          = [[Rosemont (provincial electoral destrict)|Rosemont]]
|22          = [[Saint-Henri–Sainte-Anne (provincial electoral destrict)|Saint-Henri–Sainte-Anne]]
|23          = [[Saint-Laurent (provincial electoral destrict)|Saint-Laurent]]
|24          = [[Sainte-Marie–Saint-Jacques (provincial electoral destrict)|Sainte-Marie–Saint-Jacques]]
|25          = [[Verdun (provincial electoral destrict)|Verdun]]
|26          = [[Viau (provincial electoral destrict)|Viau]]
|27          = [[Westmount–Saint-Louis (provincial electoral destrict)|Westmount–Saint-Louis]]
}}
| area_footnotes                  = <ref name="mamrot"/><ref name="cp2011">{{SCref |unit=csd |code=2466023}}</ref>
| area_magnitude                  = 1 E8
| area_total_km2                  = 431.50
| area_land_km2                   = 365.13
| area_water_km2                  = 
| area_water_percent              = 
| area_urban_footnotes            = <ref name="cp2011-PC">{{SCref |unit=popc |code=0547}}</ref>
| area_urban_km2                  = 1545.30
| area_metro_footnotes            = <ref name="cp2011-CA">{{SCref |unit=cma |code=462}}</ref>
| area_metro_km2                  = 4258.31
| elevation_footnotes             = 
| elevation_m                     = 
| elevation_max_m                 = 233
| elevation_min_m                 = 6
| population_footnotes            = <ref name="cp2011"/>
| population_total                = 1649519
| population_as_of                = 2011
| population_density_km2          = 4517.6
| population_urban_footnotes      = <ref name="cp2011-PC"/>
| population_urban                = 3407963
| population_density_urban_km2    = 2205.4
| population_metro_footnotes      = <ref name="cp2011-CA"/>
| population_metro                = 3,824,221 ([[Leet o the 100 lairgest metropolitan auries in Canadae|2nt]])
| population_density_metro_km2    = 898.1
| population_blank1_title         = Chynge&nbsp;<small>(2006–11)</small>
| population_blank1               = {{increase}}1.8%
| population_blank2_title         = Dwellins
| population_blank2               = 813819
| population_demonym              = Montrealer
| population_note                 = 
| timezone                        = [[Eastren Time Zone|EST]]
| utc_offset                      = −5
| timezone_DST                    = [[Eastren Daylicht Time|EDT]]
| utc_offset_DST                  = −4
| postal_code_type                = [[Canadian postal code|Postal code(s)]]
| postal_code                     = [[Leet o H postal codes o Canadae|H]]
| area_code                       = [[Aurie codes 514 an 438|514 an 438]]
| website                         = {{URL|www.ville.montreal.qc.ca}}
| footnotes                       = 
}}
'''Montreal''' ({{IPA-en|ˌmʌntɹiːˈɒl}}; {{lang-fr|Montréal}}<ref>It is maist common tae omit the acute accent in Inglis-leid uisage (Montreal), unless ane is uisin a proper name whaur the context requires the uise o the accent (e.g. ''Le Journal de Montréal'', as compared tae the ''Montreal Gazette''), an tae keep the accent in French-leid uisage (Montréal). This is an aa the approach favoured bi ''The Canadian Press Style Book'' (ISBN 0-920009-32-8, at p. 234) an ''The Globe and Mail Style Book'' (ISBN 0-7710-5685-0, at p. 249). According to ''The Canadian Style'' (ISBN 1-55002-276-8, at pp. 263–4), the official style guide of the Government of Canada, the name of the city is to be written with an accent in all government materials.</ref>;  {{IPA-fr|mɔ̃ʁeal||Montreal1.ogg|}}, {{IPA-frdia|mõʁeal|Canadian French:}}) is the [[Leet o lairgest ceeties an seicont lairgest ceeties bi kintra|seicont-lairgest]] [[Leet o the 100 lairgest municipalities in Canadae bi population|ceety in Canadae]] an the lairgest ceety in the [[Provinces an territories o Canadae|province]] o [[Quebec]]. Oreeginally cawed ''[[Fort Ville-Marie|Ville-Marie]]'', or "Ceety o Mary",<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.vieux.montreal.qc.ca/histoire/eng/v_mara.htm|title=Old Montréal / Centuries of History|date=2000-04|accessdate=2009-03-26}}</ref> the ceety takes its present name frae [[Mont-Royal]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://montreal.about.com/od/montrealparks/a/mount_royal_park_parc_du_mont_royal.htm |title=Mount Royal Park - Montreal's Mount Royal Park or Parc du Mont-Royal |publisher=Montreal.about.com |date= |accessdate=2010-11-16 |archive-date=2011-04-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110430052115/http://montreal.about.com/od/montrealparks/a/mount_royal_park_parc_du_mont_royal.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> the triple-peaked hill locatit in the hert o the ceety, whose name wis an aa initially gien tae the [[Island o Montréal|island]] on which the ceety is locatit,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://geonames.nrcan.gc.ca/education/montreal_e.php |title=Island of Montreal |accessdate=07-02-2008 |publisher=Natural Resources Canada |archive-date=2008-05-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080531042123/http://geonames.nrcan.gc.ca/education/montreal_e.php |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite document
 | last = Poirier
 | first = Jean
 | contribution = Commission de toponymie du Québec
 | year = 1979
 | title = Île de Montréal
 | volume = 5
 | issue = 1
 | pages = 6–8
 | place = Quebec
 | publisher = Canoma
 | postscript = <!--None--> }}</ref> or ''Mont Réal'' as it wis spelled in [[Middle French]],<ref>{{cite web|date=2007-10-10|title=real|publisher=[[Merriam-Webster's Dictionary]] of Law|url=http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/real|accessdate=2009-03-23}}</ref> (''Mont Royal'' in present French).

in the [[Louvre]]]]
'''Drawin''' is a form o [[veesual airt]] in which a person uises sindry drawin instruments tae mark paper or anither twa-dimensional medium. Instruments include [[graphite]] [[pincil]]s, [[pen an ink]], [[ink]]ed [[brush]]es, wax [[colour pincil]]s, [[crayon]]s, [[charcoal]], [[chalk]], [[pastel]]s, sindry kinds o [[erasers]], [[Merker pen|merkers]], [[stylus]]es, sindry metals (such as [[sillerpynt]]), an electronic drawin.

'''Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni''' ([[6 Mairch]], [[1475]] - [[18 Februar]], [[1564]]) wis an [[airtist]], [[airchitect]] an [[writer]]. Ane o his best kent warks is the ''[[Michelangelo's David|Dauvit]]''. He bade in [[Italy]] in [[Renaissance]] times. He coud pent wi baith haunds. Whan the ae haund wis forfochen, he uised the tither haund.

{{automatic taxobox
|image = Origanum-vulgare.JPG
|image_caption = ''[[Oregano|Origanum vulgare]]''
|taxon = Origanum
|authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]<ref name="GRIN">{{cite web|url=http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/genus.pl?8562|title=Genus: ''Origanum'' L.|work=Germplasm Resources Information Network|publisher=[[United States Department of Agriculture]]|date=2004-09-10|accessdate=2012-01-05|archive-date=2012-03-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120308193705/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/genus.pl?8562|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|synonyms_ref = <ref name=m>[http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/namedetail.do?name_id=143731 Kew World Checklist of Selected  Plant Families]</ref>
|synonyms = *''Amaracus'' <small>Gled.</small>
*''Majorana'' <small>Mill.</small>
*''×Origanomajorana'' <small>Domin</small>
*''Dictamnus'' <small>Mill. 1754 not L. 1753 nor Zinn 1757</small>
*''Dictamnus'' <small>Zinn 1757 not L. 1753 nor Mill. 1754</small> 
*''Marum'' <small>Mill.</small>
*''Hofmannia'' <small>Heist. ex Fabr.</small>
*''Beltokon'' <small>Raf.</small>
*''Onites'' <small>Raf.</small>
*''Oroga'' <small>Raf.</small>
*''Zatarendia'' <small>Raf.</small>
*''Schizocalyx'' <small>Scheele rejected name</small>
*×''Majoranamaracus'' <small>Rech.f.</small>
}}
'''''Origanum''''' is a genus o aboot 20 species o [[yerbaceous plant|yerbaceous]] [[perennial plant|perennial]]s an [[subshrub]]s in the [[faimily (biology)|faimily]] [[Lamiaceae]], native tae the Mediterranean an sooth eastren Asie, whaur thay are foond in open or muntainous habitats.

{{Coord|1|25|N|173|00|E|display=title}}

<br />1737 - [[Gian Gastone de' Medici, Grand Duke o Tuscany|Gian Gastone de' Medici]] died wioot issue
| cadet branches =
| ethnicity      = 
}}
The '''Hoose o Medici''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|m|ɛ|d|ɨ|tʃ|i}} {{respell|MED|i-chee}}; {{IPA-it|de ˈmɛːditʃi}}) wis an Italian [[bankin]] faimily, [[poleetical dynasty]] an later [[ryal hoose]] that first began tae gather prominence unner [[Cosimo de' Medici]] in the [[Republic o Florence]] during the late 14t century.

{{Fixscots}}</ref><br/>[[NUMMI]]<br/>[[Unitit Australian Automobile Industries|UAAI]]<br/>[[Toyota Motor Manufacturin Canadae|TMMC]]<br>[[Toyota Motor Manufacturin Mississippi|TMMMS]]
|production = 1966–present
|class = [[Subcompact]] (1966–1987)<br />[[Compact car|Compact]] (1988–present)
|predecessor = [[Toyota Publica]]
}}

'''Pythagoras o Samos''' ({{IPAc-en|p|ɪ|ˈ|θ|æ|g|ə|r|ə|s}}; {{lang-grc|Πυθαγόρας ὁ Σάμιος|Pythagóras ho Sámios|Pythagoras the [[Samos|Samian]]}}, or simply {{lang|grc|Πυθαγόρας}}; Πυθαγόρης in [[Ionian Greek]]; c. 570 BC – c. 495 BC)<ref>"The dates of his life cannot be fixed exactly, but assuming the approximate correctness of the statement of Aristoxenus (ap. Porph. ''V.P.'' 9) that he left Samos to escape the tyranny of Polycrates at the age of forty, we may put his birth round about 570 BC, or a few years earlier. The length of his life was variously estimated in antiquity, but it is agreed that he lived to a fairly ripe old age, and most probably he died at about seventy-five or eighty." [[William Keith Chambers Guthrie]], (1978), ''A history of Greek philosophy, Volume 1: The earlier Presocratics and the Pythagoreans'', page 173. Cambridge University Press</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Biographies/Pythagoras.html |title=Biographies |access-date=2014-02-05 |archive-date=2012-07-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120730155649/http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Biographies/Pythagoras.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>  was an [[Ionians|Ionian]] [[Auncient Greeks|Greek]] philosopher of possible [[Sirie|Syrian]]<ref>[https://books.google.ae/books?id=mM7N_v0xcmQC&lpg=PP1&pg=PA271#v=onepage&q=Pythagoras%20was%20a%20Syrian&f=false]</ref>origin,  [[mathematician|cult leader(honestly i would defenetly join bc it sounds fun)]], an foonder o the releegious movement cried [[Pythagoreanism]].

{{distinguish|Chizu Kobayashi}}
'''Reiko Kobayashi''' (1939-1996, 小林禮子) is a Japanese [[female]] 7-[[dan]]<ref>She wis promotit tae 7-dan in occasion o her daith.</ref> [[perfaision]]al [[Go (gemme)|Go]] player at [[Nihon Ki-in]]<ref name="base">[https://gobase.org/information/players/?pp=Kobayashi+Reiko Reiko Kobayashi at GoBase]</ref><ref name="jga">[http://www.nihonkiin.or.jp/player/htm/ki000112.html Official profile at Nihon Ki-in]</ref>.
==Achievements==
{|  class="wikitable"
!Year || Notes<ref name="base"/><ref name="jga"/>
|-
|1973 and 1975
|Obtainit the female master title (女流名人)
|-
|1967, 1968, 1970, 1980 and 1982
|Receivit the female MVP (棋道賞女流賞)
|}
==Notable faimily members==
Reiko Kobayashi has several players in her [[faimily]]<ref name="base"/><ref name="jga"/>.

{{Automatic taxobox
| name = Pinales
| image = Pinchot Trail (6) (8413101824).jpg
| image_caption = 
| taxon = Pinales
| authority = [[Ivan Nikolaevich Gorozhankin|Gorozh.]]<ref name=Christenhusz>{{cite journal|last1=Christenhusz|first1=Maarten J.M.|last2=Reveal|first2=James L.|last3=Farjon|first3=Aljos|last4=Gardner|first4=Martin F.|last5=Mill|first5=Robert R.|last6=Chase|first6=Mark W.|title=A new classification and linear sequence of extant gymnosperms|journal=Phytotaxa|year=2011|volume=19|pages=55–70|url=https://helda.helsinki.fi/bitstream/handle/10138/28041/Christenhusz_2011_et_al_Phytotaxa19_Gymnosperms_55_70.pdf?sequence=2}}</ref> 
| subdivision_ranks = Faimilies
| subdivision = 
*[[Araucariaceae]], <small> araucaria faimily (41)</small>
*†[[Arctopityaceae]]<small> (fossils anerly)</small>
*[[Cephalotaxaceae]],<small> plum-yew faimily (20)</small>
*†[[Cheirolepidiaceae]] <small>(fossils anerly)</small>
*[[Cupressaceae]], <small> cypress faimily (130-140)</small>
*[[Pinaceae]], <small> pine faimily (220-250)</small>
*[[Podocarpaceae]], <small>yellow-wood family (170-200)</small>
*[[Sciadopitys|Sciadopityaceae]], <small> umbrella-pine family (1)</small>
*[[Taxaceae]], <small> yew faimily (12-30)</small>
<small>(approximate nummer o speshies in parentheses)</small>
}}
The order '''Pinales''' in the diveesion [[Pinophyta]], class [[Pinophyta|Pinopsida]] comprises aw the [[Extant taxon|extant]] [[conifer]]s.

{{fixscots}}
{{taxobox
|name = Wineberry
|image = Ribes rubrum 1.jpg
|image_caption = Cultivatit wineberry
|regnum = [[Plant]]ae
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Core eudicots]]
|ordo = [[Saxifragales]]
|familia = [[Grossulariaceae]]
|genus = ''[[Ribes]]''
|species = '''''R. rubrum'''''
|binomial = ''Ribes rubrum''
|binomial_authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]] 1753 nae Torr. & A. Gray 1840 nor Hook. f. & Thomson 1858
|synonyms_ref=<ref>[http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2426658 The Plant List, ''Ribes rubrum'' L. ]</ref>
|synonyms={{collapsible list|bullets = true
|''Grossularia rubra'' <small>(L.) Scop.</small>
|''Ribes rubrum'' var. ''scandicum'' <small>Jancz.</small>
|''Ribes rubrum'' var. ''sylvestre'' <small>DC. ex Berland.</small>
|''Ribes spicatum'' subsp. ''scandicum'' <small>Hyl.</small>
|''Ribes sylvestre'' <small>(Lam.) Mert. & Koch</small> 
|''Ribes vulgare'' <small>Lam.</small>
|''Ribes vulgare'' var. ''sylvestre'' <small>Lam.</small>
|''Ribesium rubrum'' <small>Medik.</small>
|''Ribes triste'' var. ''alaskanum'' <small>Berger</small>
}}}}
The '''wineberry''' (''Ribes rubrum'') is a member o the genus ''[[Ribes]]'' in the [[Grossulariaceae|guissberry faimily]]. It is [[Indigenous (ecology)|native tae]] pairts o [[wastren Europe]] ([[Belgium]], [[Great Breetain]], [[Fraunce]], [[Norawa]], [[Swaden]], [[Germany]], [[Netherlands]], northren [[Italy]], northren [[Spain]], [[Portugal]], [[Poland]], an [[Croatie]]).<ref>[http://luirig.altervista.org/flora/taxa/index1.php?scientific-name=ribes+rubrum Altervista Flora Italiana, ''Ribes rubrum'' L.] includes photos and European distribution map</ref> The species is widely cultivatit an haes escaped intae the wild in mony regions.<ref>[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=220011643 Flora of North America, ''Ribes rubrum'' Linnaeus, 1753.  Red garden currant, groseillier rouge ]</ref><ref name=s>[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=220011643 Flora of China, ''Ribes rubrum'' Linnaeus, 1753.  <big>红茶藨子</big> hong cha biao zi ]</ref>

|Lageplan          = Alt Bennebek in SL.PNG
|Bundesland        = Schleswig-Holstein
|Kreis             = Schleswig-Flensburg
|Amt               = Kropp-Stapelholm
|Höhe              = 2
|Fläche            = 14.09
|Einwohner         = 356
|Stand             = 2006-12-31
|PLZ               = 24848
|Vorwahl           = 04624
|Kfz               = SL
|Gemeindeschlüssel = 01 0 59 001
|NUTS              = DEF0C
|Adresse-Verband   = Am Markt 10<br />24848 Kropp
|Website           = [http://www.kropp.de/ www.kropp.de]
|Bürgermeister     = Armin Falkenhorst
|Partei            = 
}}

|birth_place      =[[Champaign-Urbana]], [[Illinois]], [[Unitit States|U.S.]]
|residence        =[[Unitit States]]
|nationality      =[[Unitit States|American]]
|field            =[[Pheesics]]
|work_institution =[[UC Berkeley]]/[[LBNL]]
|alma_mater       =[[Harvard]] (AB)<br> [[UC Berkeley]] (PhD)
|doctoral_advisor =[[Richard A. Muller]]<ref name="Goldhaber09">{{cite journal |last=Goldhaber |first=Gerson |authorlink=Gerson Goldhaber |title=The Acceleration of the Expansion of the Universe: A Brief Early History of the Supernova Cosmology Project (SCP) |journal=Proceedings of the 8th UCLA Dark Matter Symposium |location=[[Marina del Rey, California|Marina del Rey]]|arxiv=0907.3526 |accessdate=2009-07-21 |bibcode = 2009AIPC.1166...53G |doi=10.1063/1.3232196}}</ref>
|doctoral_students=<!--please insert-->
|known_for        =[[Acceleratin universe]] / [[Dark energy]]
|prizes           =[[Ernest Orlando Lawrence Awaird]] (2002)<br>[[Shaw Prize|Shaw Prize in Astronomy]] (2006)<br>[[Gruber Prize in Cosmology]] (2007)<br>[[Nobel Prize in Pheesics]] (2011)
|spouse=Laura Nelson (1 child)
}}

| birth_place      = [[Roum]]
| death_date       = {{death date and age|180|3|17|121|4|26|df=y}}
| death_place      = [[Vindobona]] or [[Sirmium]]
| place of burial  = [[Castel Sant'Angelo|Hadrian's Mausoleum]]
|}}
'''Marcus Aurelius''' ({{IPAc-en|ɔː|ˈ|r|iː|l|i|ə|s}}; {{lang-la|Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Augustus}};<ref>In [[Clessical Laitin]], Aurelius' name would be inscribed as MARCVS AVRELIVS ANTONINVS AVGVSTVS.</ref>{{#tag:ref|He wis originally named Marcus Annius Catilius Severus (or perhaps Marcus Catilius Severus).<ref>Dio 69.21.1; ''HA Marcus'' 1.9; McLynn, 24.</ref> When he married he teuk the name Marcus Annius Verus,<ref>Dio 69.21.1; ''HA Marcus'' 1.10; McLynn, 24.</ref> an when he wis named emperor, he wis given the name Marcus Aurelius Antoninus.|group=notes}} 26 Aprile 121 AD – 17 Mairch 180 AD) wis a [[Roman Emperor]] frae 161 tae 180. He ruled wi [[Lucius Verus]] as co-emperor frae 161 till Verus' daith in 169. He wis the last o the [[Nerva–Antonine dynasty#Five Guid Emperors|Five Guid Emperors]], an is an aa considered ane o the maist important [[stoicism|Stoic]] philosophers.

'''Staffordshire''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|s|t|æ|f|ər|d|ʃ|ɪər}} or {{IPAc-en|icon|ˈ|s|t|æ|f|ər|d|ʃ|aɪər}}; abbreviatit '''Staffs''') is a landlockit [[coonties o Ingland|coonty]] in the [[Wast Midlands (region)|Wast Midlands]] region o England. Pairt o the [[National Forest, Ingland|National Forest]] lees athin its borders. It adjoins the [[ceremonial coonties o Ingland|ceremonial coonties]] o [[Cheshire]] (tae the north wast), [[Derbyshire]] (tae the east), [[Leicestershire]] (tae the east), [[Warwickshire]] (tae the sooth east), [[Wast Midlands (coonty)|Wast Midlands]] (to the sooth), [[Worcestershire]] (tae the sooth), an [[Shropshire]] (tae the wast).

|native_name = {{lower|0.1em|{{nobold|{{lang|zh-hans|潮安区}}}}}}
|official_name = 
|other_name = 
|settlement_type = [[Destricts o Cheenae|Destrict]]
|image_skyline = 
|image_map = 
|map_caption = Location o the county
|subdivision_type = Kintra
|subdivision_name = [[Cheenae]]
|subdivision_type1 = [[Provinces o Cheenae|Province]]
|subdivision_name1 = [[Guangdong]]
|subdivision_type2 = [[Prefectur-level ceety|Prefectur]]
|subdivision_name2 = [[Chaozhou]]
|area_total_km2 = 1238.77
|population = 
|population_as_of = 
|population_density_km2 = auto
|population_total = 1076500
|elevation_ft = 
|elevation_m = 
|timezone = [[Cheenae Staundart Time|Cheenae Staundart]]
|utc_offset = +8
|website = {{url|www.chaoan.gov.cn/}}
}}

The first roun o the '''[[Comorian]] preses election 2016''' wis on on the 21t Febriweer 2016 an the saicont roun will be on the 10t Apryle 2016. Acause the Comorian constitution propaled in 2001 stipulates that the preses chynges island ilka fower year (the term o a preses), aw the candidates this year is fae [[Ngazidja]].

'''The Auld Testament''' is the name gien tae the ingaitherin o beuks that maks up the first pairt o the [[Christianity|Christian]] [[Bible]]. Forby Christians, [[Judaism|Jews]] haud the beuks tae be haly an aw; thay cry thaim the ''Tanakh''. Scholars for ordinar uise the term ''The Ebrue Bible''.

A '''saison''' is a pairt o the [[yeir]]. In maist pairts o the [[warld]] we say thar ar fower saisons in a yeir: [[ware (saison)|ware]], [[simmer]], [[hairst]], an [[winter]].

{{automatic taxobox
|taxon = Hydrangea
|image = Bauernhortensie Wochenmarkt.jpg
|image_caption = ''Hydrangea macrophylla''
|authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]
|subdivision_ranks = Species
|subdivision = 
|}}
'''''Hydrangea''''' (common name '''hydrangea''') is a [[genus]] o 70–75 species o [[flouerin plant]]s [[native plant|native]] tae soothren an eastren Asie (Cheenae, Japan, Korea, the Himalayas, an Indonesie) an Americae. Bi far the greatest species diversity is in eastren Asie, notably Cheenae, Japan, an Korea. Maist are [[shrub]]s 1 tae 3 meters taw, but some are smaw [[tree]]s, an ithers [[liana]]s reachin up tae {{convert|30|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} bi climbin up trees. Thay can be either [[deciduous]] or [[evergreen]], tho the widely cultivatit temperate species are aw deciduous.<ref>{{cite web|title=The United States National Arboretum: Hydrangea FAQ|url=http://www.usna.usda.gov/Gardens/faqs/hydrangeafaq2.html|access-date=2017-03-20|archive-date=2013-05-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130516083220/http://www.usna.usda.gov/Gardens/faqs/hydrangeafaq2.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>

{{infobox nobility
|name         =Fadrique Álvarez de Toledo y Enríquez de Guzmán
|title        = (4t) [[Duke o Alba]]
|image        =Fadrique Álvarez de Toledo.png
|caption      =
|noble family =[[Hoose o Álvarez de Toledo|Álvarez de Toledo]]
|father       =[[García Álvarez de Toledo y Carrillo de Toledo, 1st Duke o Alba]]
|mother       = María Enríquez de Quiñones
|spouse       = Isabel de Zúñiga y Pimentel

A '''historian''' is a bodie whilk studies an writes aboot the past an is regardit as an authority on it.<ref name="wordnetprinceton">{{cite web |url=http://wordnetweb.princeton.edu/perl/webwn?s=Historian |title= Historian |publisher=Wordnetweb.princeton.edu |date= |accessdate=June 28, 2008}}</ref> Historians is concerned wi the conteenous, methodical narrative an resairch o past events as relatin tae the human race; as weel as the study o aw history in time. Gif the individual is concerned wi events precedin written history, the individual is a historian o [[prehistory]]. Tho "historian" can be uised tae descrive amateur an professional historians alik, it is reserved mair recently for thaim that haes acquired [[Academic degree|graduate degree]]s in the discipline.  Some historians, tho, is recognised bi publications or trainin an experience.<ref name="HermanAM">Herman, A. M. (1998). Occupational outlook handbook: 1998-99 edition. Indianapolis: JIST Works. Page 525.</ref>  "Historian" became a professional thrift in the late nineteent century as resairch varsities wis kythin in Germany an itherwhaur.

"'''Mantra'''" ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|m|æ|n|t|r|ə|,_|ˈ|m|ɑː|n|-|,_|ˈ|m|ʌ|n|-}};<ref>[http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/mantra "mantra"]. ''[[Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary]]''.</ref> [[Sanskrit]]: मंत्र) means a saucrit utterance, [[numinous]] soond, or a syllable, wird, phonemes, or group o wirds believed bi some tae hae psychological an spiritual pouer.<ref name=jgtim>[[Jan Gonda]] (1963), The Indian Mantra, Oriens, Vol. 16, pages 244-297</ref><ref name=gfeu>Feuerstein, G. (2003), ''The Deeper Dimension of Yoga''. Shambala Publications, Boston, MA</ref>

</ref>
| Demonym = Missourian
| Governor = [[Eric Greitens]] (R)
| Lieutenant Governor = [[Mike Parson]] (R)
| Legislature = [[Missouri General Assembly|General Assembly]]
| Upperhouse = [[Missouri Senate|Senate]]
| Lowerhouse = [[Missouri Hoose o Representatives|Hoose o Representatives]]
| Senators = [[Claire McCaskill]] (D)<br />[[Roy Blunt]] (R)
| Representative = 6 Republicans, 3 Democrats
| PostalAbbreviation = MO
| OfficialLang = Nane
| AreaRank = 21st
| TotalAreaUS = 69,704
| TotalArea = 180,533
| LandAreaUS = 68,886
| LandArea = 178,455
| WaterAreaUS = 818
| WaterArea = 2,119
| PCWater = 1.17
| PopRank = 18t
| 2000Pop = 6,010,688 (2011 est) <ref name="PopEstUS">{{cite web|url=http://www.census.gov/popest/data/state/totals/2015/tables/NST-EST2015-01.csv|format=CSV|title=Table 1. Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for the United States, Regions, States, and Puerto Rico: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2015|date=December 24, 2015|publisher=[[U.S. Census Bureau]]|accessdate=December 24, 2015}}</ref>
| DensityRank = 30t
| 2010DensityUS = 87.1
| 2000Density = 33.7
| HumanDevelopmentIndex = 0.912
| MedianHouseholdIncome = $46,867
| IncomeRank = 35t
| AdmittanceOrder = 24t
| AdmittanceDate = 10 August 1821
| TimeZone = [[Central Time Zone (North Americae)|Central]]: [[Coordinatit Universal Time|UTC]][[Central Staundart Time|-6]]/[[Central Daylicht Time|-5]]
| Latitude = [[36t parallel north|36° N]] tae 40° 37′ N
| Longitude = 89° 6′ W tae 95° 46′ W
| WidthUS = 240
| Width = 385
| LengthUS = 300
| Length = 480
| HighestPoint = [[Taum Sauk Mountain]]<ref name=USGS>{{cite web|url=http://egsc.usgs.gov/isb/pubs/booklets/elvadist/elvadist.html|title=Elevations and Distances in the United States|publisher=[[United States Geological Survey]]|year=2001|accessdate=October 24, 2011|archive-date=2011-10-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111015012701/http://egsc.usgs.gov/isb/pubs/booklets/elvadist/elvadist.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=NAVD88>Elevation adjusted to [[North American Vertical Datum of 1988]].</ref>
| HighestElevUS = 1,772
| HighestElev = 540
| MeanElevUS = 800
| MeanElev = 240
| LowestPoint = [[Saint Francis River]] at soothren [[Arkansas]] border<ref name=USGS/><ref name=NAVD88/>
| LowestElevUS = 230
| LowestElev = 70
| ISOCode = US-MO
| Website = www.mo.gov
}}
'''Missouri''' ({{IPAc-en|m|ə|ˈ|z|ʊər|i}}, {{IPAc-en||m|ə|ˈ|z|ʊər|ə}},<ref>[[Oxford English Dictionary]]</ref> {{IPAc-en|m|ə|ˈ|z|ɜr|i}}, or {{IPAc-en||m|ə|ˈ|z|ɜr|ə}},<ref>http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/missouri</ref> amang ithers<ref name="lance2003">{{cite journal | url=http://missourifolkloresociety.truman.edu/Missouri%20Folklore%20Studies/THE%20PRONONCIATION%20OF%20MISSOURI.htm | title=The Pronunciation of Missouri: Variation and Change in American English | author=Lance, Donald M. | journal=American Speech | date=Fall 2003 | volume=78 | issue=3 | pages=255–284 | doi=10.1215/00031283-78-3-255 | access-date=2017-02-09 | archive-date=2008-04-09 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080409214810/http://missourifolkloresociety.truman.edu/Missouri%20Folklore%20Studies/THE%20PRONONCIATION%20OF%20MISSOURI.htm | url-status=dead }}</ref>) (elk-name ''The Show Me State'') is a U.S. state locatit in the [[Midwastren Unitit States]].<ref>http://www.census.gov/const/regionmap.pdf</ref> Missouri is the [[Leet o U.S. states an territories bi aurie|21st maist extensive]] an the [[Leet o U.S. states an territories bi population|18t maist populous]] o the [[U.S. State|50 Unitit States]]. Missouri comprises [[Leet o coonties in Missouri|114 coonties]] an the [[unthirlt ceety]] o [[St. Louis]]. 

광역시
| translit_lang1_type2 = Hanja
| translit_lang1_info2 = 大田廣域市
| translit_lang1_type3 = {{nowrap|Revised Romanization}}
| translit_lang1_info3 = Daejeon-gwangyeoksi
| translit_lang1_type4 = {{nowrap|McCune-Reischauer}}
| translit_lang1_info4 = Taejŏn-kwangyŏksi
| settlement_type      = [[Direct-controlled municipality#Republic o Korea|Metropolitan Ceety]]
| leader_name          = Yeom Hong-chul
| leader_title         = Mayor
| subdivision_type       = Kintra
| subdivision_name       = {{flag|Sooth Korea}}
| subdivision_type1      = [[Regions o Korea|Region]]
| subdivision_name1      = [[Hoseo]]
| population_blank1_title = Dialect
| population_blank1    = [[Chungcheong dialect|Chungcheong]]
| area_total_km2       = 539.85
<!-- AreaRank             = 6t   doesn't seem to fit into settlement template -->
| population_as_of     = 2012
| population_total     = 1,537,324 <!-- population_rank      = 5th -->
| population_density_km2   = auto
| parts_type           = Destricts
| parts                = 5
<!-- Counties             = 1 -->
| website              = [http://www.daejeon.go.kr/language/english/index.html Daejeon Metro City] {{en icon}}
| blank_name           = Flower
| blank_info           = [[Magnolia|White magnolia]]
| blank1_name          = Tree
| blank1_info          = [[Pine]]
| blank2_name          = Bird
| blank2_info          = [[Korean magpie]]
| image_flag           = Flag of Daejeon, South Korea (1993–2011).png
| image_blank_emblem   = 
| blank_emblem_type    =  Seal
| image_map            = South Korea-Daejeon.svg
| mapsize              = 250px
| image_skyline        = Daejeon montage.png
| imagesize            = 250px
| image_caption        = '''Tap''':Panorama view o Expo Gwahakgongwon Pairk an Dunsandong ceety centre aurie, '''Middle left''':Hanbit Touer in Daejeon Expo Science Park, '''Middle richt''':Daejeon Government Complex aurie in Jung-gu, '''Bottom''':Expo Dari Brig
}}

'''Fort Charlotte''' in the centre o [[Lerook]], [[Shetland]], is a five-sidit artillery fort, wi [[bastions]] on ilk corner.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nls.uk/maps/military/record.cfm?id=318 |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2008-12-26 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070611093125/http://www.nls.uk/maps/military/record.cfm?id=318 |archivedate=11 June 2007 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>

| birth_place     = near [[Kirovohrad|Yelizavetgrad]], [[Kherson Governorate]], [[Roushie Empire]]
| death_date      = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1940|8|21|1879|11|7}} 
| death_place     = [[Coyoacán]], [[Mexico Ceety|DF]], [[Mexico]]
| party           = [[Roushie Social Democratic Labour Pairty|RSDLP]], [[Social Democratic Pairty o Swisserland|SDPS]], [[Communist Pairty o the Soviet Union]], [[Left Opposition]], [[IV International]]
| spouse          = [[Aleksandra Sokolovskaya]], [[Natalia Sedova]]
| religion        = Nane ([[atheist]])<ref>[[Robert Service (historian)|Robert Service]] (2009). ''Trotsky: A Biography''. Cambridge, Massachusetts: [[Harvard University Press]]. pp. 199–201. ISBN 0-674-03615-8</ref>
| citizenship     = [[Soviet Union|Soviet]]
| smallimage      =
| order           = [[:en:Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Soviet Union)|Fowkcommissar o Foreign Affairs o the RSFSR]]
| term_start      = 8 November 1917
| term_end        = 13 Mairch 1918
| premier         = [[Vladimir Lenin]]
| predecessor     = [[Mikhail Tereshchenko]]
| successor       = [[Georgy Chicherin]]
| order2          = [[Meenister o Defence (Soviet Union)|Fowkcommissar o Militar an Naval Affairs o the Soviet Union]]
| term_start2     = 29 August 1919 
| term_end2       = 15 Januar 1925
| premier2        = Vladimir Lenin<br>[[Alexey Rykov]]
| predecessor2    = [[Lev Kamenev]]
| successor2      = [[Mikhail Frunze]]
| order3          = [[Chairman|Preses]] o the [[Petrograd Soviet]]
| term_start3     = 8 October 1917
| term_end3       = 8 November 1917
| signature       = Leon Trotsky Signature.svg
}}
'''Leon Trotsky''' ([[Roushie leid|Roushie]]: {{Audio|ru-Leon Trotsky.ogg|Лев Дави́дович Тро́цкий}}, {{lang-uk|Лев Дави́дович Тро́цький}} (''Lev Davidovich Trotsky'', an aa transliteratit ''Lyev'', ''Trotski'', ''Trotskij'', ''Trockij'' an ''Trotzky''); {{OldStyleDate|7 November|1879|26 October}} – 21 August 1940), born '''Lev Davidovich Bronstein''' ({{lang-ru|Лев Дави́дович Бронште́йн}}), wis a Roushie [[Marxist]] revolutionary an theorist, Soviet politeecian, an the foonder an first leader o the [[Red Airmy]].

<br>{{lang-la|Constantinopolis}}
 |alternate_name = Byzantion (earlier Greek name), Miklagard/Miklagarth ([[Old Norse]]), Tsarigrad ([[Slavs|Slavic]]), Basileuousa ("Queen of Cities"), Megalopolis ("the Great City")
 |image          = Byzantine Constantinople-en.png
 |alt =
 |caption        = Map o Constantinople, correspondin tae the modren-day [[Fatih]] destrict o [[Istanbul]]
 |map_type       = 
 |map_alt =
 |map_size       = 270
 |coordinates    = {{coord|41|00|50|N|28|57|20|E|type:city_region:TR|display=inline,title}}
 |location       = [[Istanbul]], [[Istanbul Province]], [[Turkey]]
 |region         = [[Thrace]]
 |type           = Imperial ceety
 |part_of =
 |length =
 |width =
 |area           = {{convert|6|km2|abbr=on}} enclosed within Constantinian Walls
{{convert|14|km2|abbr=on}} enclosed within Theodosian Walls
<!-- find good source for this claim and discuss in article's text -->
 |height =
 |builder        = [[Constantine the Great]]
 |material =
 |built          = 11 Mey 330
 |abandoned =
 |epochs         = [[Late antiquity]] tae [[Late Middle Ages]]
 |cultures       = [[Auncient Roum|Roman]], [[Byzantine Greeks|Byzantine]] <!-- please add the rest -->
 |dependency_of =
 |occupants =
|}}

{{For|Tawse as a branch o [[Clan Farquharson]]|Sept (social)}}
. An exhibit in the [[Abbot Hoose, Dunfermline]]. The pentin is 'The Dominie Functions' (1826) bi [[George Harvey (painter)|George Harvey]] (1806-1876)]]
The '''tawse'''{{efn|Lang syne spelt '''taws''' whiles, the plural o Scots '''taw''' (thong o a whip)}} (kent as the '''[[Lochgelly]] tawse'''<ref>Phrase "Lochgelly tawse" uised:
*{{cite book |last1=Gray |first1=Alasdair |title=Old Men in Love: John Tunnock's Posthumous Papers: Introduced by Lady Sara Sim-Jaegar |date=2007 |publisher=Bloomsbury |isbn=978-0-7475-9353-9 |page=123 |url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=AZJlAAAAMAAJ |language=en}}
*{{cite book |last1=Clark |first1=Peter |title=The Lefties' Guide to Britain: From the Peasants' Revolt to the Granita Restaurant |date=2005 |publisher=Politico's |isbn=978-1-84275-144-2 |page=350 |url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=PuGfAAAAMAAJ |language=en}}
*{{cite book |last1=MacLeod |first1=Ken |title=The Execution Channel: Novel |date=2012 |publisher=Little, Brown Book Group |isbn=978-1-4055-1940-3 |page=44 |url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=61NxrlcIo7gC&pg=PT44 |language=en}}</ref> an aw, efter the Scots toun in whilk maist were craftit) wis an implement uised for [[corporal punishment]]. It wis maistlins uist in Scots [[schuil|schuils]] til the 1980s, whan it wis bannit acause o a judgment bi the European Court o Human Richt. The tawse wis o a strip o lether, wi yin end split intae several tails. The thickness o the lether an tails differed. 

'''Pressur''' (symbol: ''p'' or ''P'') is the [[force]] applee'd perpendicular tae the surface o an object per unit [[aurie]] ower which that force is distributit. An auld unit o pressur is the [[pund]] per square [[inch]].

|region                 = Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
|department             = Bouches-du-Rhône
|arrondissement         = Marseille
|canton                 =
|mayor                  = Jean-Claude Gaudin
|party                  = [[Union for a Popular Muivement|UMP]]
|term                   = since 1995
|area km2               = 240.62
|population             = 851420
|population ranking     = 2nt efter Paris
|population date        = 2008
|urban area km2         = 90
|urban area date        = 2006
|urban pop              = 1,420,000
|urban pop date         = 2010
|metro area km2         = 2830.2
|metro area date        = 1999
|metro area pop         = 1,604,550
|metro area pop date    = 2007
|intercom details       = [[Urban Community o Marseille Provence Métropole]]
|postal code            = 13001-13016
|INSEE                  = 13055
|dialling code          = 0491 or 0496
|website                = [http://www.marseille.fr/sitevdm/jsp/site/Portal.jsp?page_id=687 marseille.fr]
}}

'''Learin''' is the process o acquirin new, or modifyin existin, [[knawledge]], [[behaviour]]s, [[skill]]s, [[vailyie (personal an cultural)|vailyie]]s, or [[preference]]s.<ref>Richard Gross, [https://books.google.com/books?id=Cle1Fcr_6_QC&pg=PT335 Psychology: The Science of Mind and Behaviour] 6E, Hachette UK, {{ISBN|9781444164367}}.</ref>

'''La Cruz Brae''' (in Spaingie: ''Cerro La Cruz'') is a wee brae locatit in [[Pichilemu]], [[Chile]]. It is the tawest pynt o the ceety. The brae is named efter a cross locatit at its tap.

'''Ghadames''' or '''Ghadamis''' ({{lang-ar|<big>غدامس</big>}}, [[Berber leids|Berber]]: ''ghdams'' / ''ɛadēməs''; [[Libyan vernacular]]: ġdāməs) is an oasis toun in the wast o [[Libie]]. It lies roughly 549&nbsp;km in the soothwast o [[Tripoli]], near the borders wi [[Algerie]] an [[Tunisie]].

(Wi Him on the munt)<br>{{lang|la|''In nomine Domini''}} (In the name o the Lord)
|birth_name       = Giovanni Battista Enrico Antonio Maria Montini
|term_start       = 21 Juin 1963
|term_end         = 6 August 1978
|predecessor      = [[Pape John XXIII|John XXIII]]
|successor        = [[Pape John Paul I|John Paul I]]
|ordination       = 29 Mey 1920
|ordained_by      = [[Giacinto Gaggia]]
|consecration     = 12 December 1954
|consecrated_by   = [[Eugène Tisserant]]
|cardinal         = 15 December 1958
|created_cardinal_by = [[Pape John XXIII|John XXIII]]
|rank                =
|birth_date          = {{birth date|df =yes|1897|9|26}}
|birth_place         = [[Concesio]], [[Brescia]], [[Kinrick o Italy (1861–1946)|Kinrick o Italy]]
|death_date          = {{death date and age|df =yes|1978|8|6|1897|9|26}}
|death_place         = [[Castel Gandolfo]], Italy
|other               = Paul
|previous_post       = {{unbulleted list|[[Secretariat o State (Holy See)|Substitute for General Affairs]] (1937-1953)|[[Airchbishop o Milan]] (1954–1963)|[[San Martino ai Monti|Cardinal-Priest o Ss. Silvestro e Martino ai Monti]] (1958–63)}}
<!---------- Sainthood ---------->
| feast_day        = 
| venerated        = 
| saint_title      = Venerable
| beatified_date   = 
| beatified_place  = 
| beatified_by     = 
| canonized_date   = 
| canonized_place  = 
| canonized_by     = 
| attributes       = 
| patronage        = 
| shrine           = 
| suppressed_date  = 
}}
'''Pape Paul VI''' ({{lang-la|Paulus VI}}), born '''Giovanni Battista Enrico Antonio Maria Montini'''  (26 September 1897 – 6 August 1978), wis the [[Pape|heid]] o the [[Roman Catholic Kirk]] frae 21 Juin 1963 tae his daith in 1978.  Succeedin [[Pape John XXIII]], he continued the [[Seicont Vatican Cooncil]] which he closed in late 1965, an fostered improved ecumenical relations wi [[Eastren Orthodox Christianity|Orthodox]] an [[Protestant kirks|Protestants]], which resultit in mony historic meetins an agreements.

{{fixscots}}
{{unsourced}}
{{Taxobox
|name = Saxifragaceae
|image = Saxifraga bryoides a1.jpg
|image_caption = 
|regnum = [[Plant]]ae
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Core eudicots]]
|ordo = [[Saxifragales]]
|familia = '''Saxifragaceae'''
|familia_authority = [[Antoine Laurent de Jussieu|Juss.]]
|subdivision_ranks = [[Genus|Genera]]
|subdivision = ''Mony, see text.''
|}}

'''Crowdie''' is a Scots saft [[cheese]] that is semilar wi the 'cottage cheese'. Whiles Scots fowk cry 'cottage cheese' crowdie or ense 'crowds'. It is makkit fae skimmed milk sae it disna hae ower muckle bit fet in it.

{{short description|Japanese Go player}}
'''Kumiko Yashiro''' is a Japanese [[perfaision]]al [[Go (gemme)|Go]] player at [[Nihon Ki-in]].<ref name="base">[https://gobase.org/information/players/?pp=Yashiro%20Kumiko Kumiko Yashiro at GoBase]</ref><ref name="sensei">[https://senseis.xmp.net/?YashiroKumiko Kumiko Yashiro at Sensei's Library]</ref><ref name="pro">[https://www.nihonkiin.or.jp/player/htm/ki000332.htm Official profile]</ref> Her [[husband]] is an aw a perfaisional Go player.
==Records==
{| class="wikitable"
!Year || Notes<ref name="base"/><ref name="sensei"/><ref name="pro"/>
|-
|1994
|Obtainit perfaisional status
|-
|1999
|Finalist at the Weemen's Champion title (女流最強位)
|-
|2002
|Promotit tae 5 dan
|-
|2003
|Challenger at the Weemen's Honinbo title (女流本因坊). She an aw obtainit 200 career wins.
|-
|2005 & 2006
|Obtainit the Weemen's Honinbo title. She defeatit [[Kaori Chinen]] in 2005. She kept the title until her lose tae [[Xie Yimin]] in 2007.
|-
|2005
|Receivit the female MVP (棋道賞女流賞)
|-
|2007
|[[Teacher]] at [[NHK]] Go programs
|-
|2011
|Qualifiit tae the challenger determination league at the Weemen's Grand Master title (女流名人)
|-
|2013
|Promotit tae 6 dan
|-
|2018
|Finalist at the Weemen's Grand Master title. Her opponent wis [[Rina Fujisawa]].
|}
==References==
{{reflist}}

{{fixscots}}
|country=Ingland|location=[[Hinkley Point]], [[Somerset]], [[Sooth Wast Ingland]]|status=Decommissioned|construction_began=1957|commissioned=1965|decommissioned=2000|owner=[[Central Electricity Generating Board]]<br>(''1965–1989'')<br>[[Nuclear Electric]]<br>(''1989–1996'')<br>[[Magnox Electric]] <br>(''1996-2005'')<br>[[Nuclear Decommissioning Authority]]<br>(''2005-Present'')|operator=[[Magnox Ltd]]|ps_units_manu_model=[[English Electric]]|ps_units_decommissioned=2 x 250 [[MWe]] (Net. 235 [[MWe]]) <ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.iaea.org/pris/CountryStatistics/ReactorDetails.aspx?current=271| title = IAEA PRIS| accessdate = 14 Oct 2014| archive-date = 2018-01-12| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180112160341/https://www.iaea.org/pris/CountryStatistics/ReactorDetails.aspx?current=271| url-status = dead}}</ref>|ps_electrical_capacity=500 [[MWe]]|ps_thermal_capacity=2 x 960 [[MWt]] (Gross)|ps_annual_generation=3,261 GW·h (1994)|website={{URL|http://www.magnoxsites.co.uk/site/hinkley-point-a/}}|extra={{gbmapping|ST211460}}}}

.]]
In [[social psychology]], a '''stereoteep''' is a thocht that can be adoptit aboot speceefic teeps o individuals or certaint ways o daein things.<ref name="McGarty Yzerbyt et al. (2002)">{{cite book |last1= McGarty |first1= Craig |authorlink1=  |last2= Yzerbyt |first2= Vincent Y. |authorlink2=  |last3= Spears |first3= Russel |editor1-link=  |others=  |title= Stereotypes as explanations: The formation of meaningful beliefs about social groups |url=  |edition=  |volume=  |year= 2002 |publisher= [[Cambridge University Press]] |location= Cambridge |isbn= 978-0-521-80047-1 |page=  |pages= 1&ndash;15 |chapter= Social, cultural and cognitive factors in stereotype formation |chapterurl= http://catdir.loc.gov/catdir/samples/cam033/2002073438.pdf |access-date= 2016-05-19 |archive-date= 2017-02-11 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170211121334/http://catdir.loc.gov/catdir/samples/cam033/2002073438.pdf |url-status= dead }}</ref>  Thir thochts or beliefs mey or mey nae accurately reflect [[reality]].<ref name="Judd et al. (1993)">{{cite journal |last1= Judd |first1= Charles M. |last2= Park |first2= Bernadette |year= 1993 |title= Definition and assessment of accuracy in social stereotypes |journal= [[Psychological Review]] |volume= 100 |issue= 1 |pages= 109&ndash;128 |publisher= |doi= 10.1037/0033-295X.100.1.109 |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_psychological-review_1993-01_100_1/page/109|accessdate=}}</ref><ref name="Cox et al. (2012)">{{cite journal |last1= Cox |first1= William T. L. |last2= Abramson |first2= Lyn Y. |last3= Devine |first3= Patricia G. |last4= Hollon |first4= Steven D. |year= 2012 |title= Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Depression: The Integrated Perspective |journal= [[Perspectives on Psychological Science]] |volume= 7 |issue= 5 |pages= 427&ndash;449 |publisher=  |doi= 10.1177/1745691612455204 |url= http://www.archpsychological.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/deprejudice-txng-dep-n-prejudice-w-tx-for-other.pdf |accessdate=  |archive-date= 2013-12-03 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20131203003741/http://www.archpsychological.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/deprejudice-txng-dep-n-prejudice-w-tx-for-other.pdf |url-status= dead }}</ref> Houever, this is anly a fundamental psychological defineetion o a stereoteep.<ref name="Cox et al. (2012)"/> Within psychology an spannin athort ither disciplines, thare are different conceptualizations an theories o stereoteepin that provide thair ain expandit defineetion. Some o thir definitions share commonalities, thou ilka ane mey an aa harbor unique aspects that mey contradict the ithers.

'''Democracie''' (or '''democracy''') is a poleetical form o govrenment in which governin pouer is derived frae the fowk, aither bi direct referendum ([[direct democracie]]) or bi means o electit representatives o the fowk ([[representative democracie]]).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.innertemple.org.uk/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=250&Itemid=198 |title=Democracy Conference |publisher=Innertemple.org.uk |date= |accessdate=2010-08-22}}</ref>  The term comes frae the {{lang-el|δημοκρατία}} – (''dēmokratía'') "rule o the fowk",<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0057:entry%3d%2324422 |title=Demokratia, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, "A Greek-English Lexicon", at Perseus |access-date=2007-09-14 |archive-date=2007-09-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070914202111/http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0057:entry%3d%2324422 |url-status=live }}</ref> which wis coined frae δῆμος (''dêmos'') "fowk" an κράτος (''Kratos'') "pouer", in the middle o the 5t-4t centurie BC tae denote the [[poleetical seestems]] then existin in some Greek ceetie-states, notablie [[Classical Athens|Athens]] follaein a popular uprisin in [[508 BC]].<ref name="BBC1">Democracy is people who rule the government directly.[http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/ancient/greeks/greekdemocracy_01.shtml BBC History of democracy]</ref>
Even tho thare is nae specific, universallie acceptit definition o 'democracie',<ref>[http://www.economist.com/markets/rankings/displaystory.cfm?story_id=8908438 Liberty and justice for some] at [[The Economist|Economist.com]]</ref> equalitie an freedom hae been identified as important characteristics o democracie syne ancient times.<ref name="AristotlePol1317b">{{cite web|url=http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0058%3Abook%3D6%3Asection%3D1317b |title=Aristotle, Politics.1317b (Book 6, Part II) |publisher=Perseus.tufts.edu |date= |accessdate=2010-08-22}}</ref> Thir principles are reflectit in aw ceetizens bein [[Equalitie afore the law|equal afore the law]] an haein equal access tae pouer. For ensaumple, in a representative democracie, iverie vote haes equal wecht, nae restrictions can apply tae onyane wantin tae acome a representative, an the freedom o its ceetizens is secured bi legitimized richts an liberties which are generallie protectit bi a constitution.<ref name="BKMIT">R. Alan Dahl, I. Shapiro, J. A. Cheibub, ''The Democracy Sourcebook'', MIT Press 2003, ISBN 0262541475, [http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=B8THIuSkiqgC Google Books link]</ref><ref name="BKHenaff">M. Hénaff, T. B. Strong, ''Public Space and Democracy'', University of Minnesota Press, ISBN 0816633878</ref>

{{Speciesbox
| status = LC
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| status_ref = <ref>{{Cite journal | author = BirdLife International | title = ''Sternula albifrons'' | journal = [[The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species]] | volume = 2016 | page = e.T22694656A86737634 | publisher = [[IUCN]] | date = 2016 | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/22694656/0 | doi = 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22694656A86737634.en | access-date = 14 January 2018}}</ref>
| image = Sternula albifrons 2 - Little Swanport.jpg
| image_caption = Adult ''S. a. sinensis'' in breedin plumage, Australie
| genus = Sternula
| species = albifrons
| authority = ([[Peter Simon Pallas|Pallas]], 1764)
| synonyms =
*''Sterna albifrons'' {{small|Pallas,&nbsp;1764}}
*''Sterna minuta'' {{small|Linnaeus,&nbsp;1766}}
|synonyms_ref =
}}

|image_skyline          =LIMERICKCOLLAGE.jpg
|image_caption          = A montage o Limerick. Frae tap, left tae richt: [[Keeng John's Castle (Limerick)|Keeng John's Castle]], [[St_Mary's_Cathedral,_Limerick|St. Mary's Cathedral]], [[Clarion Hottle, Limerick|The Clayton Hottle]], [[Thomond Park]] an the Schuil o Medicine at the [[Varsity o Limerick]].
|image_flag             =
|image_shield           = IRL COA Limerick.svg
|motto                  = ''Urbs Antiqua Fuit<br/> Studiisque Asperrima Belli''{{spaces|2}}<small>([[Laitin leid|Latin]])</small><br>"Thare wis an auncient ceety<br/> vera fierce in the skills o war"<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.limerick.com/limerickcitymotto.html |title=Limerick City Motto |publisher=Limerick.com |date= |accessdate=2010-08-12 |archive-date=2010-11-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101108133611/http://www.limerick.com/limerickcitymotto.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|pushpin_map            = Ireland
|coordinates_display    = 
|coordinates_type       = dim:100000_region:IE 
|coordinates            = {{coord|52.6653|-8.6238|dim:12500_region:IE|display=inline,title}}
|subdivision_type       = [[Leet o kintras|Kintra]]
|subdivision_name       = [[Republic o Ireland|Ireland]]
|subdivision_type1      = [[Provinces o Ireland|Province]]
|subdivision_name1      = [[Munster]]
|subdivision_type2      = [[Coonties o Ireland|Coonty]]
|subdivision_name2      = [[Coonty Limerick|Limerick]]
|government_type        = [[Limerick City Council|City Council]]
|leader_title           = [[Mayor o Limerick|Mayor]]
|leader_name            = [[Gerry McLoughlin]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.limerickleader.ie/news/local/rugby-hero-mcloughlin-elected-mayor-of-limerick-1-3988315|title=Archived copy|access-date=2012-08-28|archive-date=2012-09-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120916224137/http://www.limerickleader.ie/news/local/rugby-hero-mcloughlin-elected-mayor-of-limerick-1-3988315|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|leader_title1           = [[Local electoral aurie|LEAs]]
|leader_name1            = 3
|leader_title2           =[[Dáil Éireann]]
|leader_name2            =[[Limerick City (Dáil Éireann constituency)|Limerick City]], [[Limerick (Dáil Éireann constituency)|Limerick]]
|leader_title3           =[[European Pairlament]]
|leader_name3            =[[Sooth (European Pairlament constituency)|Sooth]]
|established_title      = Foondit
|established_date       = <small>[[Anno Domini|AD]]</small> 812
|elevation_m            = 10
|area_total_km2         = 51.3
|population_as_of       = 2016
|population_urban       = 
|population_density_km2       = 1836
|population_blank1_title = Ceety
|population_blank1       = 94,192<ref>{{cite web |title=Census of Population 2016 |work=Profile 1 – Geographical distribution |publisher=Central Statistics Office |date=6 April 2017 |page=15 
|url=http://cso.ie/en/media/csoie/releasespublications/documents/population/2017/Chapter_2_Geographical_distribution.pdf |accessdate=6 April 2017 }}</ref>
|population_rank         = [[Leet o urban auries in the Republic o Ireland bi population|3rd]]
|population_blank2_title = [[Metropolitan aurie|Metro]]
|population_blank2       = 162,413<ref name="Eurostat">{{cite web|url=http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/cities/data/database|title=Database – Eurostat|publisher=Europa (web portal)}}</ref>
|population_demonym     = Limerickman, Shannonsider
|timezone               = [[Wastren European Time|WET]]
|utc_offset             = 0
|timezone_DST           = [[Erse Staundart Time|IST]]
|utc_offset_DST         = +1
|area_code              = (+353) 61
|website                = [http://www.limerickcity.ie/ www.LimerickCity.ie]
|blank_name             = [[Vehicle registration plates o Ireland|Caur plates]]
|blank_info             = L
}}
'''Limerick''' ({{IPA-en|ˈlɪm(ə)ɹɪk}}; {{lang-ga|Luimneach}}, {{IPA-ga|ˈl̪imʲɨnʲəx|}}<ref>Frae ''loimeanach'' {{IPA-ga|ˈl̪imʲənəx|}} meanin "bare mairsh" or "bare place o the horse", a name that is [[Roman Empire|Roman]] an is oreeginally applee'd tae pairt o the shoreland o the Shannon immediately belaw the present ceety.</ref>) is a ceety in [[Republic o Ireland|Ireland]]. It is locatit in the [[Mid-Wast Region, Ireland|Mid-Wast Region]] an is pairt o the [[Provinces o Ireland|province]] o [[Munster]] an aw. [[Limerick City Council]] is the [[Local govrenment in the Republic o Ireland|local authority]] for the ceety. The ceety is biggit on several curves an islands o the [[River Shannon]], which spreads intae an [[Shannon Estuary|estuary]] shortly dounriver frae Limerick. It is the third maist muckle ceety in the state an is the first tae receive the designation o [[Ceety o Cultur]].

The '''discography o [[Sepultura]]''', a Brazilian [[hivy metal]] baund, consists o twal studio albums, twa live albums, three compilation albums, fower EPs, five video albums, thirteen singles, an fifteen muisic videos.

{{Year dab|1894}}
{{Year nav|1894}}
Year '''1894''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MDCCCXCIV]]''') wis a [[common year stairtin on Monanday]] (airtin will display the full calendar) o the [[Gregorian calendar]] an a [[common year stairting on Setturday]] o the 12-day slower [[Julian calendar]].

'''Baptists''' is Christians wha staun in a "Radical" tradeetion. Wi regairds tae the main doctrines they gree wi the ither kirks, but wi regairds their ain kirk they hae their ain insichts. They believe that the kirk is made o believers, bodies wha lippen an trou [[Jesus Christ]]. Sae they believe Baptism shoud be gien tae fowks wha ken they believe, nae tae bairns. They believe in the "Priesthuid o aw believers". They believe that the kirk shoud be independent o the steit an ilka local kirk free tae rule its ain affairs athoot meddlin frae the steit, beeshops's Presbyteries or Kirk Cooncils. Baptist kirks hauld meetins o aw their members for tae govern their affairs. Maist Baptist kirks haes a commattee o Deacons or Elders wha leuk efter the weel-bein o the kirk wi the meenister gif they hae ane. 

A '''millennium''' (plural '''millennia''') is a period o time equal tae 1000 year.

{{fixscots}}

|map_type= Scotland
|population= 5784
|os_grid_reference= NT471288
|unitary_scotland= [[Scots Borders]]
|lieutenancy_scotland= [[Roxburgh, Ettrick an Lauderdale]]
|constituency_westminster= [[Berwickshire, Roxburgh an Selkirk (UK Pairlament constituency)|Berwickshire, Roxburgh an Selkirk]]
|constituency_scottish_parliament= [[Ettrick, Roxburgh and Berwickshire (Scots Pairlament constituency)|Ettrick, Roxburgh an Berwickshire]]
|post_town= SELKIRK
|postcode_district = TD7
|postcode_area= TD
|dial_code= 01750
|static_image=File:Selkirk, Scottish Borders - geograph.org.uk - 735944.jpg}}
The [[Ryal Burgh]] o '''Selkirk'''<ref>https://d3lmsxlb5aor5x.cloudfront.net/library/document/Map_of_Scotland_in_Scots-Guide_and_gazetteer.pdf</ref> is a toun in the [[Scots Borders]] Cooncil destrict o sootheastren [[Scotland]].

| birth_place  = [[Neunkirchen, Saarland|Neunkirchen]], [[German Empire]]
| death_date   = {{death date and age|df=yes|1994|5|29|1912|8|25}}
| death_place  = [[Santiago, Chile|Santiago]], [[Chile]]
| spouse       = {{Marriage|Charlotte Schanuel|1945|1947|reason=died}}<br>{{Marriage|Edith Baumann|1950|1953|reason=divorced}}<br />{{Marriage|[[Margot Honecker|Margot Feist]]|1953}}
| party        = [[Communist Pairty o Germany|KPD]] (1922–1946)<br>[[Socialist Unity Pairty o Germany|SED]] (1946–1989)<br> [[Communist Pairty o Germany (1990)|KPD]] (1990–1994)
| profession   = [[Politeecian]]
| order2       = [[Leadership o East Germany|Chairman o the State Cooncil o the German Democratic Republic]]
| term_start2  = 29 October 1976
| term_end2    = 18 October 1989
| predecessor2 = [[Willi Stoph]]
| successor2   = [[Egon Krenz]]
| order3       = [[Leadership o East Germany|Chairman o the Naitional Defense Cooncil o East Germany]]
| term_start3  = 1971
| term_end3    = 1989
| predecessor3 = [[Walter Ulbricht]]
| successor3   = [[Egon Krenz]]
| signature    = Erich Honecker Signature.svg
| children     = 2
|religion = [[atheists]]
}}
'''Erich Honecker''' ({{IPA-de|ˈeːʁɪç ˈhɔnɛkɐ|lang}}; 25 August 1912 – 29 Mey 1994) wis a German [[politeecian]] who, as the General Secretar o the [[Socialist Unity Pairty o Germany|Socialist Unity Pairty]], led the [[East Germany|German Democratic Republic]] frae 1971 till the weeks precedin the faw o the [[Berlin Waw]] in 1989.

{{Speciesbox
|name = White rhinoceros<ref>{{MSW3 Perissodactyla|id=14100050|pages=634–635}}</ref>
|status = NT
|status_system = IUCN3.1
|status_ref =<ref name=IUCN>Emslie, R. (2012). ''Ceratotherium simum''. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species {{doi|10.2305/IUCN.UK.2012.RLTS.T4185A16980466.en}}</ref>
|image = Waterberg Nashorn3.jpg
|image_caption = [[Soothren white rhinoceros]] in [[Namibia]].
|genus = Ceratotherium
|parent_authority = [[John Edward Gray|Gray]], 1867
|species = simum
|authority = ([[William John Burchell|Burchell]], 1817)
|range_map = Mapa distribuicao original white rhino.png
|range_map_caption = White rhinoceros oreeginal range [orange: northren (''C. s. cottoni''), green: soothren (''C. s. simum'')].
|range_map2 = White Rhinoceros area.png
|range_map2_caption = White rhinoceros current range<br/>(broun – native, magenta – reintroduced, reid – introduced)
|subdivision_ranks = [[Subspeshies]]
|subdivision =
''[[Ceratotherium simum cottoni]]'' (northren)<br>
''[[Ceratotherium simum simum]]'' (soothren)
| synonyms =
* ''Rhinoceros simum'' <small> (''Burchell,1817'')
}}
The '''white rhinoceros''' or '''square-lipped rhinoceros''' (''Ceratotherium simum'') is the lairgest an maist numerous species o [[rhinoceros]] that exists. It haes a wide muith uised for grazin an is the maist social o aw rhino species. The white rhinoceros consists o twa [[subspecies]]: the [[soothren white rhinoceros]], wi an estimatit 17,460 wild-livin ainimals at the end o 2007 (IUCN 2008), an the much rarer [[northren white rhinoceros]]. The northren subspecies haes very few remainin, wi seven confirmed individuals left, wi anly fower still able tae reproduce (Includin those in captivity).

A '''spermatozoon''' (pronoonced {{IPAc-en|ˌ|s|p|ɜr|m|æ|t|ə|ˈ|z|oʊ|ə|n}}, alternate spellin '''spermatozoön'''; plural '''spermatozoa'''; frae {{lang-grc|σπέρμα}} "seed" an {{lang-grc|ζῷον}} "livin bein") is a motile [[sperm]] [[Cell (biology)|cell]], or muivin form o the [[ploidy|haploid]] [[cell (biology)|cell]] that is the male [[gamete]].

A '''lawer''', accordin tae ''[[Black's Law Dictionary]]'' , is "a person learned in the [[law]]; as an [[Attorney at law|attorney]], [[counsel]] or [[solicitor]]; a bodie that is [[Practice o law|practicin law]]."<ref>[[Henry Campbell Black]], ''[[Black's Law Dictionary]]'', 5th ed. ([[Saint Paul, Minnesota|St. Paul]]: [[Thomson West|West Publishing Co.]], 1979), 799.</ref>

{{fixscots|date=October 2020}}

| birth_place      = Lunnon, Ingland
 | death_date       = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1832|06|06|1748|02|15}}
 | death_place      = Lunnon, Ingland
 | school_tradition = [[Utilitarianism]], [[legal positivism]], [[liberalism]]
 | main_interests   = Poleetical filosofie, filosofie o law, ethics, economics
 | influences       = [[Protagoras]]{{·}} [[Epicurus]]{{·}} [[John Locke]]{{·}} [[David Hume]]{{·}} [[Baron de Montesquieu|Montesquieu]]{{·}} [[Claude Adrien Helvétius|Helvétius]]{{·}} [[Thomas Hobbes|Hobbes]]{{·}} [[Cesare Beccaria|Beccaria]]{{·}}[[Adam Smith]]
 | influenced       = [[John Stuart Mill]]{{·}} [[Henry Sidgwick]]{{·}} [[Michel Foucault]]{{·}} [[Peter Singer]]{{·}} [[John Austin (legal filosofie)|John Austin]]{{·}} [[Robert Owen]]{{·}} [[David Pearce (philosopher)|David Pearce]] {{·}} [[H. L. A. Hart]] {{·}} [[Iain King]] {{·}} [[Francis Y. Edgeworth]]
 | notable_ideas    = [[Greatest happiness principle]]
 | signature        = Jeremy Bentham signature.jpg
}}
'''Jeremy Bentham''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|b|ɛ|n|θ|əm}}; 15 Februar 1748 [O.S. 4 Februar 1747]<ref>[http://sites.google.com/site/countyhistorian/ancestry-of-jeremy-bentham W. Johnson, "Ancestry of Jeremy Bentham" (2012).]</ref> – 6 Juin 1832) was a Breetish [[philosopher]], [[jurist]], an [[social reformer]]. He is regairdit as the foonder o modren [[utilitarianism]].

[[Image:Chapeaux en peau de castor.jpg|thumb|upright|220px|A collection o 18t an 19t century men's beaver felt hats]]
A '''hat''' is a heid coverin which is worn for various raisons, includin pertection against the elements, ceremonial raisons such as varsity graduation, releegious reasons, saufetie, or as a [[fashion accessory]].<ref>{{cite web |author=Pauline Thomas |url=http://www.fashion-era.com/hats-hair/hats_hair_1_wearing_hats_fashion_history.htm |title=The Wearing of Hats Fashion History |publisher=Fashion-era.com |date=2007-09-08 |accessdate=2011-07-02 |archive-date=2018-05-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180524002101/http://www.fashion-era.com/hats-hair/hats_hair_1_wearing_hats_fashion_history.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref>

|death_place= [[Roum]], [[Byzantine Empire]]
|feast_day=2 June
|other=Eugene}}

{{Punctuation marks|…<!-- U+2026 is the most proper way of representing ellipsis, not three periods (they only imitate a proper typographical ligature, which should be used here as a completely accurate reference); see Talk:Ellipsis#The_huge_symbol_in_the_table -->|Ellipsis
|variant1=…|caption1=Precomposed ellipsis<!--
-->|variant2=.&nbsp;.&nbsp;.|caption2=Spaced 3&nbsp;periods<!--
-->|variant3=⋯|caption3=Mid-line ellipsis}}
{{wiktionary}}
'''Ellipsis''' (plural '''ellipses'''; frae the {{lang-grc|ἔλλειψις}}, ''élleipsis'', "omission" or "[[wikt:ellipsis|fawin short]]") is a series o dots that uisually indicates an intentional omission o a wird, sentence, or whole section frae a text wioot alterin its oreeginal meanin.<ref>[http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ellipsis thefreedictionary.com]</ref> Dependin on thair context and placement in a sentence, ellipses can an aa indicate an unfinished thocht, a leadin statement, a slicht pause, a mysterious, echoin vyce, or a nervous or awkward silence.  [[Aposiopesis]] is the use of an ellipsis tae trail off intae silence—for example: "But I thocht he wis {{j|. . ."}}  When placed at the beginnin or end o a sentence, the ellipsis can an aa inspire a feelin o melancholy or langin.

[[Image:Narcissus.jpg|thumb|Lilies]] 

==Spellin==
Here at Wikipaedia it's recommendit that fowk uises 'traditional' pan-dialect spellins, anes that hae a guid history o uiss. Awtho this isna sae strict as in English we ettle tae come up wi writin that's easy tae read an can be soondit oot bi readers in thair ain dialect.

{{unsoorced}}
Thare is mony furms o '''transport''' reengin frae traivelin on the grund tae ower watter or throu the air. Transport is a term remittin tae the muivement o, mainly, fowk an guids. Housomeiver, it remitts tae the muivement o information an aw, for ensaumple, the wab. The term comes frae the [[Laitin]] ''trans'' (athort) an ''portare'' (tae cairy).

<br />Ramadan
|type =
|longtype = [[Islam|Releegious]]
|image = Welcome Ramadhan.jpg
|image_size=250px
|caption = A crescent muin can be seen ower paum trees at sunset in [[Manama]], merkin the beginnin o the Islamic month o Ramadan in [[Bahrain]]
|official_name =
|observedby = [[Muslim]]s
|begins = 1 [[Ramadan (calendar month)|Ramadan]]
|ends = 29, or 30 [[Ramadan (calendar month)|Ramadan]]
|date = Variable (follaes the [[Islamic calendar|Islamic lunar calendar]])
|date2017 = 27 Mey&nbsp;– 24 Juin (''[[Islamic calendar#Saudi Arabia.27s Umm al-Qura calendar|Umm al-Qura]]'')<ref name="ummalqura">{{cite web|url=http://www.staff.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/islam/ummalqura.htm|title=The Umm al-Qura Calendar of Saudi Arabia|publisher=|access-date=7 March 2017}}</ref><ref name="AlJazeera">{{cite web|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2017/04/ramadan-fasting-start-date-170427062743037.html|title=Ramadan to start May 27 or May 28|publisher=|accessdate=27 April 2017}}</ref>
|date2018 = 16 Mey – 14 Juin<ref name="ummalqura"/>
|date2019 = 6 Mey – 3 Juin<ref name="ummalqura"/>
|celebrations = Commonty [[iftar]]s an Commonty prayers
|observances =
* [[sawm]] (fastin)
* [[zakat]] an [[sadaqah]] (aums giein)
* [[taraweeh]] prayer
* readin the [[Quran]]
* absteenin frae aw bad deeds an stayin hummle
|relatedto = [[Eid al-Fitr]], [[Laylat al-Qadr]]
|frequency=ivery 12 muins (lunar months)
}}
'''Ramadan''' ({{lang-ar|رمضان}} ''{{transl|ar|DIN|Ramaḍān}}'', {{IPA-ar|ramaˈdˤaːn|IPA}};<ref group="note">In Arabic phonology, it can be {{IPA|[rɑmɑˈdˤɑːn, ramadˤɑːn, ræmæˈdˤɑːn]}}, dependin on the region.</ref> an aa [[romanisation o Arabic|romanised]] as '''Ramazan''', '''Ramadhan''', or '''Ramathan''') is the [[Ramadan (calendar month)|nint month]] o the [[Islamic calendar]],<ref>[[BBC]] – [http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/islam/practices/ramadan_1.shtml ''Religions''] Retrieved 25 Julie 2012</ref> an is observed bi [[Muslim]]s warldwide as a month o [[fastin]] ([[Sawm]]) tae commemorate the [[Muhammad's first revelation|first revelation o the Quran tae Muhammad]] accordin tae Islamic belief.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.globaltimes.cn/content/722486.shtml | title= Muslims worldwide start to observe Ramadan |work= The Global Times Online | year= 2012 |access-date= 28 July 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= http://newsfeedresearcher.com/data/articles_w30_3/ramadan-muslims-fasting.html |title= The Muslim World Observes Ramadan |work= Power Text Solutions |year= 2012 |accessdate= 28 July 2012 |archive-date= 2021-02-11 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210211042928/https://newsfeedresearcher.com/ |url-status= dead }}</ref>

{{Italic title}}
The '''''Frankfurter Rundschau''''' is a [[Germany|German]] daily wittins blad foondit in [[Frankfurt]]. Its published ilka day but Sunday as a ceety, twa regional an ae kintrawide blads an haes a online edeetion an a e-paper an aw. Local major competitors is the ''[[Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung]]'', the local edeetion o the conservative tabloid ''[[Bild-Zeitung]]'', an the smawer local ''[[Frankfurter Neue Presse]]''. The publisher o the ''Rundschau'', ''Druck und Verlagshaus Frankfurt am Main'' (''DUV'') GmbH, is awned bi the independent publisher ''DuMont Schauberg'' (50 percent an ae share), DDVG (40 percent) an the Karl-Gerold-Foundation (10 percent o the shares). It wis first published in 1 August 1945.

{{About|the U.S. state o Hawaii|the island for which it is named|Hawaii (island)}}
{{Coord|21|18|41|N|157|47|47|W|type:adm1st_scale:3000000_region:US-HI|display=title}}
āina o Hawai{{okina}}i}}}}
|Othername = Moku{{okina}}āina o Hawai{{okina}}i
|Flag = Flag of Hawaii.svg
|Flaglink = [[Banner o Hawaii|Banner]]
|Seal = Seal of the State of Hawaii.svg
|Seallink = [[Seal o Hawaii|Seal]]
|Coat of Arms = Coat of Arms of the Kingdom of Hawaii.svg
|Former = Territory o Hawaii
|Map = Hawaii in United States (zoom) (US50) (-grid).svg
|Nickname = The [[Aloha]] State (offeecial), Paradise o the Paceefic,<ref name="The Bookmark Book">{{cite book |url={{google books |plainurl=y|id=tYMxBX7jlkkC|page=81}} |title=The Bookmark Book |first1=Carolyn S |last1=Brodie |first2=Debra |last2=Goodrich |first3=Paula Kay |last3=Montgomery |location=Englewood, Colo. |publisher=Libraries Unlimited |year=1996 |oclc=34164045 |isbn=9781563083006 |accessdate=August 5, 2015}}</ref> The Islands o Aloha
|Motto = [[Ua Mau ke Ea o ka ʻĀina i ka Pono]]<br />("The Life o the Laund is Perpetuatit in Richteousness")<ref>{{cite web|title=Haw. Rev. Stat. § 5–9 (State motto)|author=Hawaii State Legislature|url=http://www.capitol.hawaii.gov/hrscurrent/Vol01_Ch0001-0042F/HRS0005/HRS_0005-0009.htm|accessdate=December 9, 2013}}</ref>
|StateAnthem = ''[[Hawaiʻi Ponoʻī|Hawai{{okina}}i Pono{{okina}}ī]]''<br />(Hawai{{okina}}i's Ain True Sons)<ref name="State Song">{{cite web|title=Haw. Rev. Stat. § 5–10 (State song) |author=Hawaii State Legislature |url=http://www.capitol.hawaii.gov/hrscurrent/Vol01_Ch0001-0042F/HRS0005/HRS_0005-0010.htm |accessdate=December 9, 2013 }}{{dead link|date=September 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
|MottoEnglish = The Life o the Laund is Perpetuatit in Richteousness
|Capital = [[Honolulu]]
|LargestCity = capital
|LargestMetro = [[Oahu|Oahu metropolitan aurie]]
|OfficialLang = [[Inglis leid|Inglis]], [[Hawaiian leid|Hawaiian]]
|Demonym = Hawaiian{{efn|Local uisage generally reserves ''Hawaiian'' as an [[ethnonym]] referrin tae [[Hamespun Hawaiians]]. ''Hawaii resident'' is the preferred local form tae refer tae state residents in general regairdless o ethnicity. ''Hawaii'' mey an aa be uised adjectivally. The ''[[Associated Press Stylebook]]'', 42nt ed. (2007), an aa prescribes this uisage (p. 112).}}
|Governor = [[David Ige]] ([[Democratic Pairty (Unitit States)|D]])
|Lieutenant Governor = [[Shan Tsutsui]] ([[Democratic Pairty (Unitit States)|D]])
|Legislature = [[Hawaii State Legislature|State Legislature]]
|Upperhouse = [[Hawaii Senate|Senate]]
|Lowerhouse = [[Hawaii Hoose o Representatives|Hoose o Representatives]]
|Senators = [[Brian Schatz]] ([[Democratic Pairty (Unitit States)|D]])<br />[[Mazie Hirono]] ([[Democratic Pairty (Unitit States)|D]])
|Representative = [[Hawaii's 1st congressional destrict|1]]: [[Colleen Hanabusa]] ([[Democratic Pairty (Unitit States)|D]])<br />[[Hawaii's 2nt congressional destrict|2]]: [[Tulsi Gabbard]] (D)
|PostalAbbreviation = HI
|AreaRank = {{ordinal|43}}
|TotalAreaUS = 10,931
|TotalArea = 28,311
|LandAreaUS = 6,423
|LandArea = 16,638
|WaterAreaUS = 4,507
|WaterArea = 11,672
|PCWater = 41.2
|PopRank = {{ordinal|40}}
|2010Pop = 1,431,603 (2015 est)<ref name="PopEstUS">{{cite web|url=http://www.census.gov/popest/data/state/totals/2015/tables/NST-EST2015-01.csv|format=CSV|title=Table 1. Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for the United States, Regions, States, and Puerto Rico: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2015|date=December 26, 2015|publisher=[[U.S. Census Bureau]]|accessdate=December 26, 2015}}</ref>
|DensityRank = {{ordinal|13}}
|2000Density = 82.6
|2000DensityUS = 214
|MedianHouseholdIncome = $64,514<ref>{{cite web|url=http://kff.org/other/state-indicator/median-annual-income/?currentTimeframe=0|work=The Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation|title=Median Annual Household Income|accessdate=December 9, 2016}}</ref>
|IncomeRank = 12th
|AdmittanceOrder = {{ordinal|50}}
|AdmittanceDate = August 21, 1959
|TimeZone = [[Hawaii-Aleutian Time Zone|Hawaii]]: [[Coordinatit Universal Time|UTC]] [[Hawaii-Aleutian Standard Time|−10]]<br />(na [[daylicht savin time|DST]])
|Longitude = 154° 48′ W tae 178° 22′ W
|Latitude = 18° 55′ N tae 28° 27′ N
|LengthUS = 1,522
|WidthUS = n/a
|Width = n/a
|Length = 2,450
|HighestPoint = [[Mauna Kea]]<ref>{{cite ngs|id=TU2314|designation=Summit USGS 1977|accessdate=October 20, 2011}}</ref><ref name=USGS>{{cite web|url=http://egsc.usgs.gov/isb/pubs/booklets/elvadist/elvadist.html |title=Elevations and Distances in the United States |publisher=[[United States Geological Survey]] |year=2001 |accessdate=October 21, 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111015012701/http://egsc.usgs.gov/isb/pubs/booklets/elvadist/elvadist.html |archivedate=October 15, 2011 }}</ref><ref name=NAVD88>Elevation adjuistit tae [[North American Vertical Datum o 1988]].</ref><ref>The summit o [[Mauna Kea]] is the heichest pynt in [[Oceania]]. Mauna Kea is an aa the tawest moontain on Yird when measured frae base tae summit. The [[shield volcano]] sits on the fluir o the Paceefic Ocean at a depth o {{convert|5998|m|ft|0|sp=us}} for a tot hicht o {{convert|10205.3|m|ft|0|sp=us}}</ref>
|HighestElevUS = 13,796
|HighestElev = 4205.0
|MeanElevUS = 3,030
|MeanElev = 920
|LowestPoint = [[Paceefic Ocean]]<ref name=USGS/>
|LowestElevUS = 0
|LowestElev = 0
|ISOCode = US-HI
|Website = www.hawaii.gov
}}
'''Hawaii''' ({{lang-haw|Hawaiʻi|italic=no}}) is the airchipelago o the Hawaiian Islands in the [[Paceefic Ocean]]. Acceptit on [[21 August]], [[1959]], Hawaii constitutes the 50t state o the [[Unitit States]]. As o the 2010 U.S. Census it haes 1.4 million indwallers. [[Honolulu]] is the lairgest ceety an the state caipital. It was an independent kinrick frae [[1819]] tae [[1893]].

| area_total_km2          = {{Area Swedish municipality|type=total|municipality=Grästorp Municipality}}
| area_land_km2           = {{Area Swedish municipality|type=land|municipality=Grästorp Municipality}}
| area_water_km2          = {{Area Swedish municipality|type=water|municipality=Grästorp Municipality}}
| area_water_percent      = 
| area_note               = Aurie as o {{Area Swedish municipality|TXT=date}}.
| elevation_footnotes     = 
| elevation_m             = 
| population_footnotes    = {{Population Swedish municipality|TXT=ref}}
| population_total        = {{Population Swedish municipality|municipality=Grästorp Municipality}}
| population_as_of        = {{Population Swedish municipality|TXT=date}}
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_note         = 
| timezone1               = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset1             = +1
| timezone1_DST           = [[Central European Simmer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset1_DST         = +2
| blank_name_sec1         = [[Provinces o Swaden|Province]]
| blank_info_sec1         = [[Västergötland]]
| blank1_name_sec1        = [[Kommunkod|Municipal code]]
| blank1_info_sec1        = 1444
| postal_code_type        = [[Postal codes in Swaden|Postal code]]
| postal_code             = 
| area_code_type          = 
| area_code               = 
| iso_code                = [[ISO 3166-2:SE|SE<!--??-->]]
| website                 = [http://www.grastorp.se www.grastorp.se]<!-- {{URL|example.com}} -->
| footnotes               = Density is calculatit uisin land aurie anerlie.
}}