'''Probus''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|p|r|oʊ|b|ə|s}}; {{lang-la|Marcus Aurelius Probus Augustus}};<ref>In [[Clessical Laitin]], Probus' name would be inscribed as MARCVS AVRELIVS PROBVS AVGVSTVS.</ref><ref>Jones, pg. 736</ref> c. 19 August 232 – September/October 282), wis [[Roman Emperor]] frae 276 tae 282.

{{Unsoorced}}

'''Lapis lazuli''' {{IPAc-en|ˈ|l|æ|p|ɪ|s|_|l|ə|ˈ|z|uː|l|iː}} or {{IPAc-en|-|ˈ|l|æ|ʒ|uː|l|aɪ}} (whiles abbreviate tae '''lapis''') is a deep blae [[Gemstane|semi-precious stane]] that haes been prized syne [[auncient history|antiquity]] for its intense colour.

| rr              = Ahyeon-dong
| mr              = Ahyeon-tong
| area_km2        = 0.79
| pop             = 36519
| popnote         = <ref name="encyber" />
| popyear         = 2001
| popden_km2      = 
| popdennote      = 
| divs            = 
| map             = 
|mapcaption       = 
}}

{{Taxobox
| name               = Olive
| image              = Olivesfromjordan.jpg
| image_caption      = ''Olea europaea'', near the [[Deid Sea]], [[Jordan]]
| regnum             = [[Plantae]]
| ordo               = [[Lamiales]]
| familia            = [[Oleaceae]]
| genus              = ''[[Olea]]''
| species            = '''''O. europaea'''''
| binomial           = ''Olea europaea''
| binomial_authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]
| range_map = Olea europaea range.svg
| range_map_caption = Distribution map
| fossil_range = Late [[Pleistocene]] tae [[Recent]], {{Fossil range|0.06|0}}
| unranked_divisio   = [[Angiosperms]]
| unranked_classis   = [[Eudicots]]
| unranked_ordo      = [[Asterids]]
}}
The '''olive''', kent bi the botanical name '''''Olea europaea''''', meanin "European olive", is a [[species]] o smaw [[tree]] in the [[faimily (biology)|faimily]] [[Oleaceae]], foond in the [[Mediterranean Basin]] frae [[Portugal]] tae the [[Levant]], the [[Arabian Peninsula]], an soothren [[Asie]] as far east as [[Cheenae]], as well as the [[Canary Islands]], [[Mauritius]], an [[Réunion]].

{{TOC right}}
{{nutshell|title='E Scots Leid Editathon Dizember 2020
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{{Taxobox
| image = Eolophus roseicapilla -Wamboin, NSW, Australia -adult-8-2cp.jpg
| image_caption = [[Galah]] in Austrailie
| image_alt = Cockatoo perchin on a branch. Its plumage on the tap o its heid abuin its ees is white an it has a horn-coloured beak. The rest o its heid, its neck, an maist o its front are pink. Its wings an tail are grey.
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]]
| classis = [[Bird|Aves]]
| ordo = [[Psittaciformes]]
| superfamilia = '''Cacatuoidea'''
| familia = '''Cacatuidae'''
| familia_authority = [[George Robert Gray|G. R. Gray]] 1840
| type_genus = ''[[Cacatua]]'' <small>[[Vieillot]] 1817<ref name="ICZN">{{Cite journal|author=ICZN|year=2000|title=Opinion 1949. ''Cacatua'' Vieillot, 1817 and Cacatuinae Gray, 1840 (Aves, Psittaciformes): conserved.|url=http://biodiversitylibrary.org/item/45022#80|journal=Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature|pages=66–67}}</ref></small>
| synonyms =
*Plyctolophinae <small>[[Nicholas Aylward Vigors|Vigors]] 1825<ref>Suppressed by the [[International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature]] in Opinion 1949 (2000). {{Cite journal|author=ICZN|year=2000|title=Opinion 1949. ''Cacatua'' Vieillot, 1817 and Cacatuinae Gray, 1840 (Aves, Psittaciformes): conserved.|url=http://biodiversitylibrary.org/item/45022#80|journal=Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature|pages=66–67}}</ref></small>
| subdivision_ranks = Genera
| subdivision =''[[Probosciger]]''<br />
''[[Callocephalon]]''<br />
''[[Nymphicus]]''<br />
''[[Calyptorhynchus]]''<br />
''[[Eolophus]]''<br />
''[[Lophochroa]]''<br />
''[[Cacatua]]''
|range_map=Cockatoo range.png
|range_map_alt=Cairt shawin sootheastren Asie, Australie, Melanesie, an New Zealand. Islands in the Philippines an the Sunda Islands are colored reid, east tae the Solomon Islands, as is Australie wi Tasmanie. New Caledon is colored blue.
|range_map_caption=Current range o cockatoos&nbsp;– red<br />Finds o recent fossils&nbsp;– blue
}}
A '''cockatoo''' is ony o the 21 [[species]] belangin tae the bird [[faimily (biology)|faimily]] '''Cacatuidae''', the anly faimily in the superfaimily Cacatuoidea.

{{taxobox
|image = Wheat close-up.JPG
|image_width=250px
|regnum = [[Plantae]]
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Monocots]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Commelinids]]
|ordo = [[Poales]]
|familia = [[Poaceae]]
|subfamilia = [[Pooideae]]
|tribus = [[Triticeae]]
|genus = '''''Triticum'''''
|genus_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]]
|subdivision_ranks = Species
|subdivision = {{div col}}
''[[Triticum aestivum|T. aestivum]]''<br />
''[[Triticum aethiopicum|T. aethiopicum]]''<br />
''[[Triticum araraticum|T. araraticum]]''<br />
''[[Triticum boeoticum|T. boeoticum]]''<br />
''[[Triticum carthlicum|T. carthlicum]]''<br />
''[[Triticum compactum|T. compactum]]''<br />
''[[Emmer|T. dicoccoides]]''<br />
''[[Triticum dicoccon|T. dicoccon]]''<br />
''[[Triticum durum|T. durum]]''<br />
''[[Triticum ispahanicum|T. ispahanicum]]''<br />
''[[Triticum karamyschevii|T. karamyschevii]]''<br />
''[[Triticum macha|T. macha]]''<br />
''[[Triticum militinae|T. militinae]]''<br />
''[[Triticum monococcum|T. monococcum]]''<br />
''[[Triticum polonicum|T. polonicum]]''<br />
''[[Triticum spelta|T. spelta]]''<br />
''[[Triticum sphaerococcum|T. sphaerococcum]]''<br />
''[[Triticum timopheevii|T. timopheevii]]''<br />
''[[Triticum turanicum|T. turanicum]]''<br />
''[[Triticum turgidum|T. turgidum]]''<br />
''[[Triticum urartu|T. urartu]]''<br />
''[[Triticum vavilovii|T. vavilovii]]''<br />
''[[Triticum zhukovskyi|T. zhukovskyi]]''<br />
{{div col end}}
<small>References:<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;[http://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=42236&print_version=PRT&source=to_print Serial No. 42236] [[Integrated Taxonomic Information System|ITIS]] 2002-09-22</small>
|}}
'''Wheat''' (''Triticum'' spp.) or '''white-corn''' is a cultivatit gress oreeginally frae the Fertile Crescent region o the Near East that is nou grown athort the warld.

{{fixscots|date=Mairch 2021}}

{{About|the ceety in the U.S. state o Texas}}

{{fixscots|date=Mairch 2021}}

]]

{{Year dab|1946}}
{{Year nav|1946}}
Year '''1946''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MCMXLVI]]''') wis a [[common year stairtin on Tysday]] (airtin will display the full calendar) o the [[Gregorian calendar]].

'''Leeteratur''' is leiterally "an acquent wi [[letter]]s" (frae the [[Latin leid|Latin]] ''littera'' meanin "the ae written chairacter ([[letter]])"). The term haes maistly come til identifee a collection o [[text]]s. The wird "leeteratur" as a common noon can refer til onie kin o writin, sic as essays; "Leeteratur" as a proper noon refers til a hail bodie o leiterar wark, global or anent the ae cultur. Monie a time there's confusion on the actual defineition o leeteratur an Leeteratur. The wird "leeteratur" can be baith singular an plural, juist like "Literatur". Sayin that, "leeteraturs" is plural forby. Houaniver "Leeteratur", wi emphasis on uppercase L, is a subset o the mair wide-reengin "leeteratur". "Leeteratur" is uised for onie written wark o byordinar intellectual calibre, whiles "leeteratur" can be oniething written. Sae, ''[[War and Peace]]'' bi [[Leo Tolstoy|Tolstoy]] is "Leeteratur" (singular) as weel as "leeteratur" (singular), but [[Charles Dickens]]'s wark is pairt o "Leeteratur" (plural) as weel as "leeteratur" (plural). Mairanower a [[Harry Potter]] novel will be thocht on as "leeteratur" (singular) but nae as "Leeteratur" (singular) sith maist fowk wadna deem the beuks as intellectual or meaninfu eneuch at an academic level. Likewice the Harry Potter collection bi [[J. K. Rowling]] will be thocht on as "leeteratur" (plural) but nae as "Leeteratur" (plural). What is intellectual an meaninfu is subjective an aften controversial or dubious, but it daesna interfere wi the defineition abuin.
{{authority control}}
{{Commonscat|Literature}}

'''Feudalism''' wis a combination o legal an militar customs in [[medieval Europe]] that flourished atween the 9t an 15t centuries. Braidly defined, it wis a wey o structurin society aroond relationships derived frae the hauldin o laund in exchynge for service or labour. Awtho derived frae the Latin wird ''feodum'' or ''feudum'' (fief),<ref>''feodum'' – see [https://books.google.com/books?id=KfgUAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA365 ''The Cyclopedic Dictionary of Law''], bi Walter A. Shumaker, George Foster Longsdorf, pg. 365, 1901.</ref> then in uise, the term ''feudalism'' an the seestem it descrives war nae conceived o as a formal [[poleetical seestem]] bi the fowk leevin in the Middle Ages.<ref>{{cite book | last = Noble | first = Thomas | title = The foundations of Western civilization | url = https://archive.org/details/foundationsofwes04nobl | publisher = Teaching Co | location = Chantilly, VA | year = 2002 |chapter-format=36| isbn = 978-1565856370 }}</ref> In its clessic defineetion, bi [[François-Louis Ganshof]] (1944),<ref name=ganshof>[[François Louis Ganshof]] (1944). ''Qu'est-ce que la féodalité''.  Translatit intae Inglis bi [[Philip Grierson]] as ''Feudalism'', wi a forewird bi [[F. M. Stenton]], 1st ed.: New York an Lunnon, 1952; 2nt ed: 1961; 3rd ed: 1976.</ref> ''feudalism'' descrives a set o reciprocal legal an militar obligations amang the warrior nobility revolvin aroond the three key concepts o [[laird]]s, [[vassal]]s an [[fief]]s.<ref name=ganshof/>

<includeonly>{{replace|
{{#if:{{{1|}}} 
|<!-- Has a non-empty parameter: -->
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{{#ifeq: {{lc: {{{1|}}} }} | mag |
  [[Yirdquauk magnitude|Mag.]]
<!-- 
  [[Yirdquauk#Magnitude|{{h:title|Earthquake magnitude|Mag.|dotted=no}}]]
H:title doesn't work in sortable tables.
  -->
  {{Main other|[[Category:M_mag]]}}
 |<!-- else: -->

In [[geometry]], the '''major axis''' o an [[ellipse]] is its langest diameter: a [[line segment]] that runs throu the centre an baith [[focus (geometry)|foci]], wi ends at the widest pynts o the [[perimeter]]. The '''semi-major axis''' is ane hauf o the major axis, an thus runs frae the centre, throu a [[focus (geometry)|focus]], an tae the perimeter. Essentially, it is the radius o an orbit at the orbit's twa maist distant pynts. For the special case o a circle, the semi-major axis is the radius. Ane can think o the semi-major axis as an ellipse's ''lang radius''.

{{taxobox
|name = Dentylion
|image = DandelionFlower.jpg
|image2 = TaraxacumOfficinaleSeed.JPG
|image2_caption = A dandelion flouer heid componed o hundreds o smawer florets (tap) an seed heid (bottom)
|regnum = [[Plantae]]
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Asterids]]
|ordo = [[Asterales]]
|familia = [[Asteraceae]]
|tribus = [[Cichorieae]]
|genus = '''''Taraxacum'''''
|genus_authority = [[Alexandre Henri Gabriel de Cassini|Cass.]]
|subdivision_ranks = Species
|subdivision = See text
}}
'''''Taraxacum''''' {{IPAc-en|t|ə|ˈ|r|æ|k|s|ə|k|ʉ|m}} is a lairge genus o [[flouerin plant]]s in the faimily [[Asteraceae]]. Thay are native tae Eurasie an North an Sooth Americae, an twa species, ''[[Taraxacum officinale|T. officinale]]'' an ''[[Taraxacum erythrospermum|T. erythrospermum]]'', are foond as [[weed]]s warldwide.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=132314  | title = ''Taraxacum'' | work = [[Flora of North America]] }}</ref> Baith species are edible in thair entirety.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.motherearthnews.com/Real-Food/2008-04-01/Dandelion-Recipes.aspx?page=2 | title = Wild About Dandelions | work = Mother Earth News | access-date = 2013-07-05 | archive-date = 2012-12-13 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20121213173255/http://www.motherearthnews.com/Real-Food/2008-04-01/Dandelion-Recipes.aspx?page=2 | url-status = dead }}</ref> The common name '''dentyion''' is gien tae members o the [[genus]], an like ither members o the Asteraceae faimily, thay hae very smaa flouers collectit thegither intae a composite [[Heid (botany)|flouer heid]]. Each single flouer in a heid is cried a floret. Mony ''Taraxacum'' species produce seeds [[asexual reproduction|asexually]] bi [[apomixis]], whaur the seeds are produced wioot [[pollination]], resultin in affspring that are genetically identical tae the parent plant.

The '''assassination attempt on Ronald Reagan''' happenit on Monday, 30 Mairch, 1981. 69 days efter acomin Preses, [[Ronald Reagan]] wis leavin efter a speakin engagement at the [[Washington Hilton|Washington Hilton Hotel]] in [[Washington, D.C.]].<ref name="wapshott2007">{{cite book|last=Wapshott|first=Nicholas|title=Ronald Reagan and Margaret Thatcher: A Political Marriage|year=2007|publisher=Sentinel|location=New York, NY|isbn=978-1-101-21787-0|pages=167|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=Ru5CKP3pcXMC&lpg=PT168&dq=reagan%20assassination%20ford's%20theatre%20%22curious%20sensation%22&pg=PT168#v=onepage&q=reagan%20assassination%20ford's%20theatre%20%22curious%20sensation%22&f=false}}</ref> Shots war firit bi [[John Hinckley, Jr.]] as he left tae enter the presestial limo. The assassination attempt stairtit concern aboot gun control.

}}
'''Abyar''' ('''al-Abyā''') ({{lang-ar|الأبيار}} ''{{transl|ar|Al Abyār}}'') is a toun in the [[Al Marj Destrict]],<ref>[http://gpco.gov.ly/online/shabyat.php ''شعبيات الجماهيرية العظمى'' – Sha'biyat of Great Jamahiriya] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090207003234/http://gpco.gov.ly/online/shabyat.php |date=2009-02-07 }}, accessed 25 Mey 2009, in Arabic</ref> [[Libit]], roughly 50 km tae the east o the ceety o [[Benghazi]] an 42 km soothwast o the ceety o [[Al Marj]]. As o 2010, its estimatit population wis 32,563.<ref name="WG" />

'''Abenomask''' is a Japanese political wird namit after [[Shinzo Abe]]. It is usit i [[Japan]] for twa meanings:<ref>{{Cite news |title=Japan's Coronavirus Mask Handout Tainted by Gripes Over Mould, Stains, Insects |newspaper=The [[New York Times]] |date=2020-04-22 |language=en |url=https://www.nytimes.com/reuters/2020/04/22/world/asia/22reuters-health-coronavirus-japan-masks.html |accessdate=2020-04-23 |archive-date=2020-04-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200424160907/https://www.nytimes.com/reuters/2020/04/22/world/asia/22reuters-health-coronavirus-japan-masks.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Abe faces calls for decisive action after 'Abenomask' blunder |newspaper=nikkei asia reviews |date=2020-04-03|language=en |url=https://asia.nikkei.com/Spotlight/Coronavirus/Abe-faces-calls-for-decisive-action-after-Abenomask-blunder|accessdate=2020-04-23}}</ref><ref>[https://www.wsj.com/articles/japans-abe-taken-to-task-over-itsy-bitsy-masks-11587469588 Japan’s Abe Taken to Task Over Itsy-Bitsy Masks] (''The Wall Street Journal'', 2020.4.21); [https://www.cnn.com/2020/04/02/asia/japan-coronavirus-shinzo-abe-masks-hnk-intl/index.html Anger as Japanese Prime Minister offers two cloth masks per family while refusing to declare coronavirus emergency] ([[CNN]], 2020.4.2); [https://www.scmp.com/news/asia/east-asia/article/3078113/coronavirus-japan-pm-gets-social-media-roasting-offering-free Coronavirus: Japan PM gets social media roasting for offering free cloth masks] (''South China Morning Post'', 2020.4.2); [https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-japan-masks/two-masks-no-lockdown-japan-pms-latest-coronavirus-step-riles-social-media-idUSKBN21K0CQ Two masks, no lockdown: Japan PM's latest coronavirus step riles social media] ([[Reuters]], 2020.4.2)</ref><ref>[https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-04-02/from-abenomics-to-abenomask-japan-mask-plan-meets-with-derision From Abenomics to Abenomask: Japan Mask Plan Meets With Derision] (Bloomberg, 2020.4.2); [https://www.france24.com/en/20200417-you-ve-got-mail-abenomask-distribution-starts-in-japan You've got mail: 'Abenomask' distribution starts in Japan] (France 24, 2020.4.17); [https://www.foxnews.com/world/coronavirus-japan-abenomask-april-fools-joke-outbreak-mask-per-home Coronavirus measure in Japan of 2 masks per home taken as April Fool's joke, mocked as 'Abenomask'] ([[Fox News]], 2020.4.2)</ref>

{{fixscots|date=October 2020}}

{{fixscots|date=Dizember 2020}}

{{fixscots}}
{{automatic taxobox
|image = English Primrose.JPG
|image_caption = ''[[Primula vulgaris]]'' (primrose)
|taxon = Primulaceae
|authority = [[August Batsch|Batsch]] ex [[Moritz Balthasar Borkhausen|Borkh.]]<ref name=APGIII2009>{{Cite journal |last=Angiosperm Phylogeny Group |year=2009 |title=An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III |journal=Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=161 |issue=2 |pages=105–121 |url=http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1046/j.1095-8339.2003.t01-1-00158.x/pdf | format= PDF |accessdate=2013-07-06 |doi=10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x }}</ref>
|subdivision_ranks = Genera
|subdivision = See text
|}}
The '''Primulaceae''' are a [[faimily (biology)|faimily]] o [[yerbaceous plant|yerbaceous]] [[flouerin plant]]s<ref>{{Cite web|title=Primulaceae {{!}} Description, Characteristics, Genera, Species, & Facts {{!}} Britannica|url=https://www.britannica.com/plant/Primulaceae|access-date=2023-03-20|website=www.britannica.com|language=en}}</ref> wi aboot 24 genera, includin some favorite gairden plants an wildflouers, commonly kent as the primrose faimily.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Primrose Family - Tree Guide UK Primrose|url=https://www.treeguideuk.co.uk/primrose-family/|access-date=2023-03-20|website=www.treeguideuk.co.uk}}</ref>

{{Needs Mair Soorces}}{{short description|Tradeetional province in the wast o Ireland}}

| ground   = [[Vicarage Road]]
| capacity = 21,577<ref name="expansion 2">{{cite web |url=http://www.watfordfc.com/news/article/150608-vicarage-road-stadium-north-east-corner-2486084.aspx |title=Stadium Update: North-East Corner Transformation To Begin |publisher=Watford F.C. |date=9 June 2015 |accessdate=10 June 2015 |archive-date=2015-06-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150609230138/http://www.watfordfc.com/news/article/150608-vicarage-road-stadium-north-east-corner-2486084.aspx |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| main sponsor = Burrda<ref>Smith, Frank (20 May 2010). [http://www.watfordobserver.co.uk/sport/8177270.Watford_announce_new_shirt_deal/ "Watford announce new shirt deal"]. ''Watford Observer.'' Retrieved 19 April 2012.</ref>
| owner = [[Gino Pozzo]]<ref name=ownership>{{cite news |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/18646398 |title=Udinese's Pozzo family complete Watford takeover |newspaper=BBC Sport. |date=29 June 2012 |access-date=14 July 2012}}</ref>
| chairman = Raffaele Riva<ref>Smith, Frank (5 July 2012). [http://www.watfordobserver.co.uk/sport/9800892.Riva_is_Watford_s_new_chairman/ "Riva is Watford's new chairman"]. ''Watford Observer''. Retrieved 12 August 2012.</ref>
| mgrtitle = Head coach
| manager = [[Quique Sánchez Flores]]<ref>[http://www.watfordfc.com/news/article/150530-quique-flores-appointed-watford-fc-head-coach-2475764.aspx "OFFICIAL CONFIRMATION: Flores Installed as New Watford FC Head Coach"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160128221730/http://www.watfordfc.com/news/article/150530-quique-flores-appointed-watford-fc-head-coach-2475764.aspx |date=2016-01-28 }}. ''watfordfc.com''. Retrieved 5 June 2015.</ref>
| league   = {{English football updater|Watford}}
| season   = {{English football updater|Watford2}}
| position = {{English football updater|Watford3}}
| pattern_la1 = _watford1920h
| pattern_b1 = _watford1920h
| pattern_ra1 = _watford1920h
| pattern_sh1 = _adidasred
| pattern_so1 = _3_stripes_red
| leftarm1 = 000000
| body1 = 
| rightarm1 = 000000
| shorts1 = 000000
| socks1 = FAD300
| pattern_la2 = _watford1920a
| pattern_b2 = _watford1920a
| pattern_ra2 = _watford1920a
| pattern_sh2 = _adidaswhite
| pattern_so2 = _3_stripes_white
| leftarm2 = 084B8A
| body2 = 084B8A
| rightarm2 = 084B8A
| shorts2 = 084B8A
| socks2 = 084B8A
| website  = http://www.watfordfc.com/
|}}

The '''furry fandom''' is a [[subcultur]] interestit in feectional [[anthropomorphism|anthropomorphic]] ainimal chairacters wi human personalities an chairactereestics.<ref name="IOF">{{cite news|first=Rob|last=Staeger|url=http://www.furryfandom.info/furries.htm|title=Invasion of the Furries|newspaper=The Wayne Suburban|date=July 26, 2001|accessdate=2009-05-20}}</ref>

'''Lapis lazuli''' {{IPAc-en|ˈ|l|æ|p|ɪ|s|_|l|ə|ˈ|z|uː|l|iː}} or {{IPAc-en|-|ˈ|l|æ|ʒ|uː|l|aɪ}} (whiles abbreviate tae '''lapis''') is a deep blae [[Gemstane|semi-precious stane]] that haes been prized syne [[auncient history|antiquity]] for its intense colour.

{{Taxobox
| image = Common Murre Uria aalge.jpg
| image_caption =
| image2= Common Guillemot (Uria aalge) (W1CDR0001424 BD6).ogg
| status = LC
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| status_ref = <ref name=IUCN>{{IUCN|id=22694841 |title=''Uria aalge'' |assessors=[[BirdLife International]] |version=2013.2 |year=2012 |accessdate=26 November 2013}}</ref>
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| phylum = [[chordate|Chordata]]
| classis = [[Bird|Aves]]
| ordo = [[Charadriiformes]]
| familia = [[Alcidae]]
| genus = ''[[Uria]]''
| species = '''''U. aalge'''''
| binomial = ''Uria aalge''
| binomial_authority = ([[Erik Pontoppidan|Pontoppidan]], 1763)
| synonyms =
''Colymbus aalge'' <small>Pontoppidan, 1763</small>
}}

{{Chembox
| Watchedfields = chynged
| verifiedrevid = 451527415
| ImageFile1 = File:Ozone-1,3-dipole.png
| ImageFile1_Ref = {{chemboximage|correct|??}}
| ImageName1 = Skeletal formula o ozone wi pairtial chairges shawn
| ImageFileR2 = Ozone-CRC-MW-3D-vdW.png
| ImageFileR2_Ref = {{chemboximage|correct|??}}
| ImageNameR2 = Spacefill model o ozone
| ImageFileL2 = Ozone-CRC-MW-3D-balls.png
| ImageFileL2_Ref = {{chemboximage|correct|??}}
| ImageNameL2 = Baw an stick model o ozone
| IUPACName = Trioxygen
|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
| IUPHAR_ligand = 6297
| CASNo = 10028-15-6
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| PubChem = 24823
| ChemSpiderID = 23208
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| UNII = 66H7ZZK23N
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| EINECS = 233–069–2
| MeSHName = Ozone
| RTECS = RS8225000
| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEBI = 25812
| Gmelin = 1101
| SMILES = [O-][O+]=O
| SMILES1 = [O-][O+][O-]
| StdInChI = 1S/O3/c1-3-2
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| InChI = 1/O3/c1-3-2
| StdInChIKey = CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| InChIKey = CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYAY
}}
|Section2={{Chembox Properties
| Solvent =
| O=3
| Appearance = colourless tae pale blue gas<ref name=PGCH/>
| Odor = pungent<ref name=PGCH/>
| Density = 2.144 mg cm<sup>−3</sup> (at 0&nbsp;°C)
| Solubility = 1.05 g L<sup>−1</sup> (at 0&nbsp;°C)
| SolubleOther = very soluble in [[carbon tetrachloride|CCl<sub>4</sub>]], [[sulfuric acid]]
| MeltingPtK = 81
| BoilingPtK = 161
| RefractIndex = 1.2226 (liquid), 1.00052 (gas, STP, 546 nm&nbsp;— note heich dispersion)<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Cuthbertson|first1=Clive|last2=Cuthbertson|first2=Maude|title=On the Refraction and Dispersion of the Halogens, Halogen Acids, Ozone, Steam Oxides of Nitrogen, and Ammonia|journal=[[Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A]]|date=1914|volume=213|pages=1–26|doi=10.1098/rsta.1914.0001|url=https://archive.org/stream/philtrans08506476/08506476#page/n17/mode/1up|accessdate=4 February 2016|bibcode = 1914RSPTA.213....1C }}</ref>
| VaporPressure = >1 atm (20&nbsp;°C)<ref name=PGCH/>
}}
|Section3={{Chembox Structure
| SpaceGroup = C<sub>2v</sub>
| Coordination = Digonal
| MolShape = Dihedral
| OrbitalHybridisation = ''sp''<sup>2</sup> for O1
| Dipole = 0.53 D
}}
|Section4={{Chembox Thermochemistry
| DeltaHf = 142.67 kJ mol<sup>−1</sup>
| Entropy = 238.92 J K<sup>−1</sup> mol<sup>−1</sup>
}}
|Section5={{Chembox Hazards
| EUClass = {{Hazchem O}}{{Hazchem Xi}}
| NFPA-H = 2
| NFPA-F = 0
| NFPA-R = 4
| NFPA-S = Ox
| IDLH = 5 ppm<ref name=PGCH>{{PGCH|0476}}</ref>
| REL = C 0.1 ppm (0.2 mg/m<sup>3</sup>)<ref name=PGCH/>
| PEL = TWA 0.1 ppm (0.2 mg/m<sup>3</sup>)<ref name=PGCH/>
| LCLo = 12.6 ppm (mouse, 3 hr)<br/>50 ppm (human, 30 min)<br/>36 ppm (rabbit, 3 hr)<br/>21 ppm (mouse, 3 hr)<br/>21.8 ppm (rat, 3 hr)<br/>24.8 ppm (guinea pig, 3 hr)<br/>4.8 ppm (rat, 4 hr)<ref>{{IDLH|10028156|Ozone}}</ref>
}}
|Section8={{Chembox Related
| OtherCompounds = [[Sulfur dioxide]]<br />[[Trisulfur]]<br />[[Disulfur monoxide]]<br />[[Cyclic ozone]]
}}
}}
'''Ozone''' (seestematically named '''1λ<sup>1</sup>,3λ<sup>1</sup>-trioxidane''' an '''''catena''-trioxygen'''), or '''trioxygen''', is an inorganic molecule wi the [[chemical formula]] '''{{Chem|O|3|}}'''. It is a pale blue gas wi a distinctively pungent smell. It is an [[allotrope]] o [[oxygen]] that is much less stable nor the [[diatomic]] allotrope {{Chem|O|2}}, breakin doun in the lawer atmosphere tae normal [[dioxygen]]. Ozone is formed frae dioxygen bi the action o [[ultraviolet]] licht an an aa atmospheric electrical discharges, an is present in law concentrations throuoot the [[Yird's atmosphere]] (stratosphere). In tot, ozone maks up anly {{val|0.6|ul=ppm}} o the atmosphere.

{{taxobox
|name = Neep
|image = Rutabaga, variety nadmorska.JPG
|regnum = [[Plantae]]
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Rosids]]
|ordo = [[Brassicales]]
|familia = [[Brassicaceae]]
|genus = ''[[Brassica]]''
|species = '''''B. napobrassica'''''
|binomial = ''Brassica napobrassica''
|binomial_authority = ([[L.]]) [[Philip Miller|Mill.]]
|}}

gemme]]
A '''[[gemme]]''' is a structurt or semi-structurt acteevity, for ordinar unnertaen for enjoyment an whiles uised as an [[eddication]]al tuil.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Definition of GAME|url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/game|access-date=2022-01-21|website=www.merriam-webster.com|language=en}}</ref> (The term "gemme" is uised for tae descrieve simulation o sindry acteevities e.g., for the purposes o trainin, analysis or predeection, etc. Gemmes is for ordinar distinct frae wark that's for ordinar cairiet oot for remuneration, an frae [[airt]] that's mair adae wi the expression o thochts. Housomeiver, the disteenction isna clear-cut, an mony gemmes micht be conseedered wark an/or airt an aw. Key components o gemmes is dales, rules, chailenge, an interacteevity. Gemmes for ordinar involves mental or pheesical stimulation, an aften baith. Mony gemmes helps upbig practical skeels, sers as a form o exercise, or itherwice performs an eddicational, simulational or psychological role.

{{fixscots}}
{{unsoorced}}

.]]

'''Buirdsports''' are sports that are played wi some sort o buird as the primary equipment.    These sports tak place on a variety o terrain, frae pavit flat-grund an snaw covered hills tae watter an air.  Maist buirdsports are considered action sports or extreme sports, an thus aften appeal tae youth.  A lairge proportion o youth pairtakin in these sports, thegither wi aesthetic damage tae property frae sports like skatebuirdin, haes led tae mony buird sports being marginalized bi the greater warld o sports in the past. Housomeivver, many buird sports are iver-mair frequently gainin mainstream recognition, an wi this recognition hae enjoyed wider broadcast, sponsorship an inclusion in institutional sportin events, includin the [[Olympic Gemmes]].<ref>http://www.tackyworld.com/skateboard/article/?id=107551 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716183518/http://www.tackyworld.com/skateboard/article/?id=107551 |date=2011-07-16 }}</ref>

'''Guro-gu''' is a destrict o [[Seoul]], [[Sooth Korea]], which wis separatit frae [[Yeongdeungpo-gu]] on 1 Aprile 1980. Locatit in the southwastren pairt o the ceety, Guro-gu haes an important position as a transport link frae the rest o Seoul tae the sooth o the kintra. The name Guro oreeginates frae the legend that nine ({{lang-ko|gu}}) auld men (Korean: ''ro'') enjoyed langevity in the destrict.

<ref>[[Wikisource:Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/Pope Benedict XIII]]</ref>
|birth_place      = [[Gravina in Puglia]], [[Kinrick o Naples]]
|death_date       = {{death date and age|1730|2|21|1649|2|2|df=y}}
|death_place      = [[Roum]], [[Lazio]], [[Papal States]]
|coat_of_arms     = C_o_a_Benedetto_XIII.svg
|previous_post    = {{unbulleted list|[[San Sisto Vecchio|Cardinal-Priest o San Sisto]] (1672-1701)|[[Roman Catholic Airchdiocese o Manfredonia-Vieste-S. Giovanni Rotondo|Airchbishop o Manfredonia]] (1675-1680)|[[Roman Catholic Diocese o Cesena-Sarsina|Airchbishop o Cesena]] (1680-1686)|[[Roman Catholic Airchdiocese o Benevento|Airchbishop o Benevento]] (1686-1730)|Apostolic Admeenistrator o Benevento (1686-1330)|[[Roman Catholic Suburbicarian Diocese o Frascati|Cardinal-Bishop o Frascati]] (1701-1715)|[[Roman Catholic Suburbicarian Diocese o Porto-Santa Rufina|Cardinal-Bishop o Porto e Santa Rufina]] (1715-1724)|Vice-Dean o the College of Cardinals (1715-1724)}}
|other            = Benedict
<!---------- Sainthood ---------->
| feast_day        = 
| venerated        = [[Roman Catholic Kirk]]
| saint_title      = [[Servant o God]]
| beatified_date   = 
| beatified_place  = 
| beatified_by     = 
| canonized_date   = 
| canonized_place  = 
| canonized_by     = 
| attributes       = 
| patronage        = 
| shrine           = 
| suppressed_date  = 
}}
{{Ordination
| ordained priest by   = [[Clement X]]
| date of priestly ordination = 24 Februar 1671
| place of priestly ordination =
| consecrated by       = [[Paluzzo Paluzzi Altieri degli Albertoni|Paluzzo Card. Paluzzi]] ([[Cardinal-Nephew|Card. Nep.]])
| date of consecration = 3 Februar 1675
| co-consecrators      = [[Stefano Brancaccio]] ([[Roman Catholic Diocese o Viterbo|Vit. & Tusc.]])<br />[[Costanzo Zani]] ([[Roman Catholic Diocese o Imola|Imola]])
| elevated by          = Clement X
| date of elevation    = 22 Februar 1672
| bishop 1             = [[Tiberio Muscettola]]
| consecration date 1  = 19 Mey 1680
| bishop 2             = [[Domenico Diez de Aux]]
| consecration date 2  = 13 November 1689
| bishop 3             = [[Fabrizio Cianci]]
| consecration date 3  = 30 November 1689
| bishop 4             = [[Marcello Cavalieri]]
| consecration date 4  = 15 Januar 1690
| bishop 5             = [[Giuseppe Rosa]]
| consecration date 5  = 22 Januar 1690
| bishop 6             = [[Giuseppe Ponzi]]
| consecration date 6  = 22 Januar 1690
| bishop 7             = [[Pietro Vecchia]]
| consecration date 7  = 12 Mairch 1690
| bishop 8             = [[Benedict XIV]]
| consecration date 8  = 16 Julie 1724
}}
'''Pape Benedict XIII''' ({{lang-la|Benedictus XIII}}; 2 Februar 1649 – 21 Februar 1730), born '''Pietro Francesco Orsini''', [[Order o Preachers|O.P.]], wis [[pape]] frae 29 Mey 1724 tae his daith in 1730.<ref>Pape Benedict X is nou considered an [[antipape]]. At the time, houever, this status wis nae recognised an so the man the Roman Catholic Kirk offeecially considers the tent true Pape Benedict teuk the offeecial nummer XI, rather nor X. This haes advanced the nummerin o aw subsequent Papes Benedict bi ane. Papes Benedict XI-XVI are, frae an offeecial pynt o view, the tent throu fifteent papes bi that name.</ref>

'''Cley''', '''clabber''' or '''glaur''' is a kynd o [[syle]] that is slairgy tae the titch. It is aften uised in the makkin o [[gairdenin]] [[pat]]s. Dependin on the kynd, it whiles haes a shairp textur, an is whiles gey mingin. Cleys are complex materials containin mony different kynds o atoms, houaniver, aw cleys conteen muckle nummers o [[silicon]] (Si) an [[oxygen]] (O) atoms, jyned thegether for tae mak [[silicate]]. Thay furm whan stanes are brak doun or wathered. For tae mak [[laim]], cley is moolded in shape, dried, an than fired in a furnace or [[kil]] for tae mak it haird.
{{Commonscat|Clay}}

{{Fixscots}}

|subdivision_type1      = Oblast
|subdivision_name1      = [[Chernivtsi Oblast]]
|subdivision_type2      = 
|subdivision_name2      =
|subdivision_type3      = 
|subdivision_name3      =
<!-- Politics ----------------->
|government_footnotes   =
|government_type        =
|leader_title           = 
|leader_name            =
|established_title      =  <!-- Settled -->
|established_date       = 
<!-- Area    --------------------->
|area_magnitude         = 
|unit_pref                =Imperial <!--Enter: Imperial, if Imperial (metric) is desired-->
|area_footnotes           =
|area_total_km2           = <!-- ALL fields dealing with a measurements are subject to automatic unit conversion-->
|area_land_km2            = <!--See table @ Template:Infobox Settlement for details on automatic unit conversion-->
|area_metro_km2           =
<!-- Population   ----------------------->
|population_as_of               = 
|population_footnotes           =
|population_note                =
|population_total               = 
|population_density_km2         =
<!-- General information  --------------->
|timezone               = [[Eastren European Time|EET]]
|utc_offset             =+2
|timezone_DST         =[[Eastren European Summer Time|EEST]]
|utc_offset_DST         =+3
|coordinates            = {{coord|48|13|N|26|16|E|region:MD_type:city|display=inline,title}}
|elevation_footnotes    =  <!--for references: use <ref> </ref> tags-->
|elevation_m            = 
|elevation_ft           =
<!-- Area/postal codes & others -------->
|postal_code_type       =  <!-- enter ZIP code, Postcode, Post code, Postal code... -->
|postal_code            =
|area_code              =
|blank_name             =
|blank_info             =
|blank1_name            =
|blank1_info            =
|website                = 
|footnotes              = 
}}

{{fixscots|date=Dizember 2020}}

{{italic title}}
{{taxobox
|name = Edelweiss
|image = Alpen Edelweiß, Leontopodium alpinum 2.JPG
|regnum = [[Plantae]]
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Asterids]]
|ordo = [[Asterales]]
|familia = [[Asteraceae]]
|tribus = [[Gnaphalieae]]<ref>{{cite journal | url = http://www.amjbot.org/cgi/content/full/87/2/259 | title = Phylogeny of South African Gnaphalieae (Asteraceae) based on two noncoding chloroplast sequences | author = Randall J. Bayer, Christopher F. Puttock, and Scot A. Kelchner | journal = [[American Journal of Botany]] | year = 2000 | volume = 87 | pages = 259–272 | doi = 10.2307/2656914 | pmid = 10675314 | issue = 2 | jstor = 2656914 | access-date = 2016-03-28 | archive-date = 2011-01-27 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110127132549/http://www.amjbot.org/cgi/content/full/87/2/259 | url-status = dead }}</ref>
|genus = ''[[Leontopodium]]''
|species = '''''L. alpinum'''''
|binomial = ''Leontopodium alpinum''
|binomial_authority = [[Alexandre de Cassini|Cass.]], 1822
|}}
'''''Leontopodium alpinum''''', commonly cried '''edelweiss''', is a weel-kent [[alpine plant|moontain flouer]], belangin tae the [[Asteraceae]] (the daisy or sunflouer faimily).

| coordinates_footnotes = 
| region              = [[Piemont]]
| province            = [[Province o Turin|Turin]] (TO)
| frazioni            = 
| mayor_party         = 
| mayor               = Renzo Bruno Mattiet
| area_footnotes      = 
| area_total_km2      = 100.0
| population_footnotes = <ref name="istat">All demographics and other statistics: Italian statistical institute [[National Institute of Statistics (Italy)|Istat]].</ref>
| population_total    = 164
| population_as_of    =  31 December 2010
| pop_density_footnotes = 
| population_demonym  = 
| elevation_footnotes = 
| elevation_m         = 1620
| twin1               = 
| twin1_country       = 
| saint               = 
| day                 = 
| postal_code         = 10080
| area_code           = 0124
| website             = 
| footnotes           = 
}}
'''Ceresole Reale''' is a ''[[comune]]'' (municipality) in the [[Province o Turin]] in the [[Italy|Italian]] region [[Piemont]], locatit aboot {{convert|50|km|mi}} northwast o [[Turin]] in the [[Orco Valley]], on the border wi Fraunce.

{{stub}}
[[Image:Logo of the Church of England.svg|thumb]]
The '''Kirk o England''' ({{lang-en|Church of England}}) is the state kirk o [[Ingland]].<ref name=Eberle>{{cite book|title=Church and State in Western Society|first=Edward J.|last=Eberle|publisher=[[Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.]]|year=2011|isbn=978-1-4094-0792-8|page=2|accessdate=9 November 2012|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oYkzkVc_sG0C&pg=PA2&dq=%22church%20of%20england%22%20official%20state%20religion#v=onepage|quote=The Church of England later became the official state Protestant church, with the monarch supervising church functions.}}</ref><ref name=Fox>{{cite book|title=A World Survey of Religion and the State|first=Jonathan|last=Fox|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]|year=2008|isbn=978-0-521-88131-9|page=120|accessdate=9 November 2012|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rE0NcgxNaKEC&pg=PA120&dq=%22church%20of%20england%22%20official%20state%20religion#v=onepage|quote=The Church of England (Anglican) and the Church of Scotland (Presbyterian) are the official religions of the UK.}}</ref><ref name=Ferrante>{{cite book|title=Sociology: A Global Perspective|first=Joan|last=Ferrante|publisher=[[Cengage Learning]]|year=2010|isbn=978-0-8400-3204-1|page=408|accessdate=9 November 2012|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AwnIIXI6y38C&pg=PA408&dq=%22church%20of%20england%22%20official%20state%20religion#v=onepage&q=%22church%20of%20england%22%20official%20state%20religion|quote=the Church of England [Anglican], which remains the official state church}}</ref> The [[Monarchy o the Unitit Kinrick|Monarch o the Unitit Kinrik]] is it's supreme governor, an the [[Airchbishop o Canterbury]] is it's maist senior cleric.

{{fixscots|date=October 2020}}

("The wirk o justice [shall be] peace" [Is. 32: 17])
|birth_name       = Eugenio Maria Giuseppe Giovanni Pacelli
|term_start       = 2 Mairch 1939
|term_end         = 9 October 1958
|predecessor      = [[Pape Pius XI|Pius XI]]
|successor        = [[Pape John XXIII|John XXIII]]
|ordination       = 2 Aprile 1899
|ordinated_by     = 
|consecration     = 13 Mey 1917
|consecrated_by   = [[Pape Benedict XV]]
|cardinal         = 16 December 1929
|created_cardinal_by = [[Pape Pius XI]]
|birth_date       = {{Birth date|1876|3|2|df=y}}
|birth_place      = [[Roum]], [[Kinrick o Italy (1861–1946)|Kinrick o Italy]]
|dead             = dead
|death_date       = {{death date and age|1958|10|9|1876|3|2|df=y}}
|death_place      = [[Castel Gandolfo]], [[Italy]]
|previous_post    = {{unbulleted list|[[Section for Relations wi States (Roman Curia)|Pro-Secretar o the Congregation for Extraordinar Ecclesiastical Affairs]] (1912–1914)|Secretar o the Congregation for Extraordinar Ecclesiastical Affairs (1914–1917)|Apostolic Nuncio tae Germany (1917–1930)|[[Santi Giovanni e Paolo, Roum|Cardinal-Priest o Santi Giovanni e Paolo]] (1929–1939)|[[St. Peter's Basilica|Airchpriest o Saunt Peter's Basilica]] (1930–1939)|[[Apostolic Chamber|Camerlengo o the Apostolic Chamber]] (1935–1939)}}
|signature        = Signature of Pope Pius XII.svg
|other            = Pius
<!---------- Sainthood ---------->
| feast_day        = 
| venerated        = 
| saint_title      = Venerable
| beatified_date   = 
| beatified_place  = 
| beatified_by     = 
| canonized_date   = 
| canonized_place  = 
| canonized_by     = 
| attributes       = 
| patronage        = 
| shrine           = 
| suppressed_date  = 
}}
'''Pape Pius XII''', born '''Eugenio Maria Giuseppe Giovanni Pacelli''' ({{IPA-it|euˈdʒɛnjo maˈria dʒuˈzɛppe dʒoˈvanni paˈtʃɛlli}}; 2 Mairch 1876&nbsp;– 9 October 1958), wis the [[Pape|heid]] o the [[Roman Catholic Kirk|Roman Catholic Church]]  frae 2 Mairch 1939 tae his daith in 1958. He is the maist recent pape tae tak the pontifical name o "Pius" upon his election. His pontificate coincided wi the [[Seicont Warld War]] an the commencement o the [[Cauld War]].

The '''Gallowa Hills''' are pairt o the [[Soothren Uplands]] o [[Scotland]], an form the northren boondary o wastren [[Gallowa]].

'''Sara María Aldrete''' (born September 6, 1964 in [[Matamoros, Tamaulipas]], [[Mexico]]) is a [[Mexico|Mexican]] serial killer kent as "La Madrina". She attendit heich schuil in [[Brownsville, Texas]], [[Unitit States]], while still livin sooth o [[US-Mexico border|the border]], an gained [[Alien (law)|resident alien]] status so she coud attend [[Texas Southmost College]]. She wis kent amang her peers as a guid student. She is {{convert|6|ft|1|in|m|abbr=on}} taw an studiet [[physical education]], preparin tae transfer tae a university tae earn a pheesical education teachin certification.

| pop1 = 700,000<ref name=TheEconomist>{{cite journal|year=2009|title=The Economist|volume=390|issue=8618–8624|page=49|publisher=Economist Newspaper Ltd.|url=http://books.google.com/?id=ub8aAQAAMAAJ&q=%22The+Druze+are+an+ancient+sect+within+Islam.+The+Golan+ones+are+part+of+a+Syrian+Druze+community+that+numbers+700000.+Another+250000+live+in+Lebanon+and+about+100000+in+Israel+proper%22&dq=%22The+Druze+are+an+ancient+sect+within+Islam.+The+Golan+ones+are+part+of+a+Syrian+Druze+community+that+numbers+700000.+Another+250000+live+in+Lebanon+and+about+100000+in+Israel+proper%22|accessdate=14 April 2011}}</ref>
| region2={{flag|Lebanon}}
| pop2 = 400,000<ref name=TheEconomist/>
| region3={{flag|Israel}}
| pop3 = 100,000<ref name=TheEconomist/>
| region4={{flag|Jordan}}
| pop4 = 20,000<ref>[[US State Department]] [http://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/irf/2005/51602.htm International Religious Freedom Report 2005]</ref>
| region5=Ootside the Middle East
| pop5=100,000
| region6= {{flag|Unitit States}}
| pop6 = 20,000<ref>Institute of Druze Studies - [https://web.archive.org/web/20090114032929/http://www.druzestudies.org/Druzes.html Druze Traditions]</ref>
| region7= {{flag|Canadae}}
| pop7= 10,000
| region8= {{flag|Venezuela}}
| pop8= 5,000
| region9= {{flag|Australie}}
| pop9 = 3,000<ref>{{cite web|title=Druze Population of Australia by Place of Usual Residence (2006)|url=http://www.abs.gov.au/CDataOnline|publisher=Australian Bureau of Statistics|accessdate=27 July 2010}}</ref>
| region10= {{flag|Colombie}}
| pop10 = 3,000
| region11= {{flag|Unitit Kinrick}}
| pop11 = <1,000
|rels = Unitarian Druze
| scrips = [[Qur'an]], [[Rasa'il al-hikmah]] (''Epistles of Wisdom'')
| langs = [[Arabic]]<br />[[Inglis leid|Inglis]]<br />[[Ebreu]] <small>(in [[Israel]])</small><br />[[French leid|French]] <small>(in [[Lebanon]] an [[Sirie]])</small>
[[Spaingie leid|Spaingie]] <small>(in [[Colombie]] an [[Venezuela]])</small>
}}

{{fixscots|date=Mairch 2021}}

{{Fixscots}}
A '''wiki''' ({{IPAc-en|audio=en-us-wiki.ogg|ˈ|w|ɪ|k|i}} {{respell|WIK|ee}}) is uisually a [[wab application]] which allaes fowk tae add, modify, or delete content in [[Collaborative saftware|collaboration]] wi ithers.

{{About|the biggin material|the saftware company|Adobe Inc.}}
, Spain.]]
'''Adobe''' ({{IPA-es|aˈðoβe|lang}}) is a biggin material made frae yird an ither organic materials.

|Lageplan          = Langstedt in SL.PNG
|Bundesland        = Schleswig-Holstein
|Kreis             = Schleswig-Flensburg
|Amt               = Eggebek
|Höhe              = 16
|Fläche            = 13.19
|Einwohner         = 1035
|Stand             = 2006-12-31
|PLZ               = 24852
|Vorwahl           = 04609
|Kfz               = SL
|Gemeindeschlüssel = 01 0 59 138
|Adresse-Verband   = Hauptstraße 2<br />24852 Eggebek
|Website           = [http://www.amt-eggebek.de/ www.amt-eggebek.de]
|Bürgermeister     = Jacob Bundtzen
|Partei            =
}}

'' bi [[Ford Madox Brown]], depictin emigrants leavin Ingland]]

{{automatic taxobox
| fossil_range = [[Late Cretaceous]], {{fossil range|97|93.5|earliest=97|latest=93.5}}
| image = Argentinosaurus skeleton, PLoS ONE.png
| image_upright = 
| image_caption = Reconstructit skelet, [[Museo Carmen Funes|Museo Municipal Carmen Funes]], [[Plaza Huincul]], [[Argentinae]]
| taxon = Argentinosaurus
| authority = [[José F. Bonaparte|Bonaparte]] & [[Rodolfo Coria|Coria]], 1993
| type_species = '''''Argentinosaurus huinculensis'''''
| type_species_authority = [[José F. Bonaparte|Bonaparte]] & [[Rodolfo Coria|Coria]], 1993
}}
'''''Argentinosaurus''''' (meanin "Argentein lizard"<ref name="haines2007">{{cite book|last1=Haines|first1=T.|last2=Chambers|first2=P.|year=2007|title=The Complete Guide to Prehistoric Life|location=Italy|publisher=Firefly Books Ltd.|pages=118–119|isbn=1-55407-181-X}}</ref>) is a [[genus]] of [[titanosaur]] [[sauropod]] [[dinosaur]] first discovered bi Guillermo Heredia in [[Argenteinie]].

{{fixscots|date=Januar 2021}}

instead -->
| type                    = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment]]
| image_skyline           = Châteauroux - Préfecture - 1.jpg
| image_alt               = 
| image_caption           = [[Prefecturs in Fraunce|Prefectur]] biggin o the Indre depairtment, in Châteauroux
| image_flag              = 
| flag_alt                = 
| image_shield            = Blason_département_fr_Indre.svg
| shield_alt              = 
| nickname                = 
| motto                   = 
| image_map               = Indre-Position.svg
| map_alt                 = 
| map_caption             = Location o Indre in Fraunce
| pushpin_map             = 
| pushpin_label_position  = 
| pushpin_map_alt         = 
| pushpin_map_caption     = 
| coordinates             = {{coord|46|46|N|1|36|E|region:FR_type:adm2nd_scale:1000000|display=inline,title}}
| coor_pinpoint           = 
| coordinates_footnotes   = 
| subdivision_type        = Kintra
| subdivision_name        = Fraunce
| subdivision_type1       = [[Regions o France|Region]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[Centre-Val de Loire]]
| established_title       = 
| established_date        = 
| founder                 = 
| seat_type               = [[Prefecturs in Fraunce|Prefectur]]
| seat                    = [[Châteauroux]]
| parts_type              = [[Subprefecturs in Fraunce|Subprefecturs]]
| parts_style             = para
| p1                      = [[Le Blanc]]<br>[[La Châtre]]<br>[[Issoudun]]
| government_footnotes    = 
| leader_party            = 
| leader_title            = [[Preses o the general cooncil]]
| leader_name             = [[Louis Pinton]]
| unit_pref               = Metric<!-- or US or UK -->
| area_magnitude          = 
| area_footnotes          = {{ref|area|1}}
| area_total_km2          = 6791
| area_note               = 
| elevation_footnotes     = 
| elevation_m             = 
| elevation_min_m         = 
| elevation_max_m         = 
| population_footnotes    = 
| population_total        = 231139
| population_as_of        = 1999
| population_rank         = [[Leet o French depairtments bi population|81st]]
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_demonym      = 
| population_note         = 
| blank_name_sec1         = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment nummer]]
| blank_info_sec1         = 36
| blank_name_sec2         = [[Arrondissements o Fraunce|Arrondissements]]
| blank_info_sec2         = [[arrondissements o the Indre depairtment|4]]
| blank1_name_sec2        = [[Cantons in Fraunce|Cantons]]
| blank1_info_sec2        = [[cantons o the Indre depairtment|13]]
| blank2_name_sec2        = [[Communes in Fraunce|Communes]]
| blank2_info_sec2        = [[communes o the Indre depairtment|247]]
| timezone1               = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset1             = +1
| timezone1_DST           = [[Central European Simmer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset1_DST         = +2
| postal_code_type        = 
| postal_code             = 
| area_code_type          = 
| area_code               = 
| iso_code                = 
| website                 = 
| footnotes               = {{note|area|1}} French Land Register data, which exclude [[estuary|estuaries]], an lochs, ponds, an glaciers lairger nor 1 km<sup>2</sup>
}}
'''Indre''' ({{IPA-fr|ɛ̃dʁ}}) is a [[depairtments o Fraunce|depairtment]] in the centre o Fraunce namit efter the river [[Indre (river)|Indre]].

{{Italic title}}
'''''Habeas corpus''''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|h|eɪ|b|i|ə|s|_|ˈ|k|ɔr|p|ə|s}}; [[Medieval Laitin]] translatin roughly tae "Ye should hae the body")<ref>{{cite web|title=habeas corpus|url=http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/habeas%20corpus|website=Merriam-Webster|accessdate=22 April 2015}}</ref> is a [[Legal recoorse|recoorse in law]] whaurbi a person can report an [[arbitrary arrest an detention|unlawfu detention or imprisonment]] afore a [[court]], uisually throu a prison offeecial.<ref name=lect>{{cite web|url=http://www.lectlaw.com/def/h001.htm|title=Habeas Corpus Defined and Explained|work=lectlaw.com|access-date=2015-10-28|archive-date=2010-08-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100804004538/http://www.lectlaw.com/def/h001.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref>

{{Italic title}}
{{Speciesbox
| name = 
| image = Polygonia c-album qtl2.jpg
| image_caption = Dorsal view
| image2 = Nymphalidae - Polygonia c-album.JPG
| image2_caption = Ventral view o the ''hutchinsoni'' form shawin licht-coloured weeng unnersides
| taxon = Polygonia c-album
| authority = ([[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], [[Lepidoptera in the 10t edeetion o Systema Naturae|1758]])
| synonyms = ''Nymphalis c-album''
| subdivision_ranks = Subspeshies
| subdivision = Aicht
}}
'''''Polygonia c-album''''' is a fuid generalist ([[Leet o feedin behaviours#Clessification|polyphagous]]) butterflee spesgies belangin tae the faimily [[Nymphalidae]].

'''Cley''', '''clabber''' or '''glaur''' is a kynd o [[syle]] that is slairgy tae the titch. It is aften uised in the makkin o [[gairdenin]] [[pat]]s. Dependin on the kynd, it whiles haes a shairp textur, an is whiles gey mingin. Cleys are complex materials containin mony different kynds o atoms, houaniver, aw cleys conteen muckle nummers o [[silicon]] (Si) an [[oxygen]] (O) atoms, jyned thegether for tae mak [[silicate]]. Thay furm whan stanes are brak doun or wathered. For tae mak [[laim]], cley is moolded in shape, dried, an than fired in a furnace or [[kil]] for tae mak it haird.
{{Commonscat|Clay}}

A '''fire-flaucht''' (kent forbye as '''foudrie''', or '''lichtnin''') is a pouerfu naitural electrostatic dischairge that kythes in throu a [[thunnerstorm]]. The lichtnin's suddent electric delash comes alang wi the emeesion o veesible [[licht]] an ither furms o [[electromagnetic radiation]]. In a suddenty the flowe o electric [[current]] gaun throu the fire-flaucht hets an chynges the air intae a [[plasma (pheesics)|plasma]]. This gars the air pairt an come dunnerin back thegither, the affcome bein the soond o thunner fae the [[oam]] <!-- Ma dictionar seys oam is yett a guid wird for "atmosphere" an while lift shuid wirk jyst as weel gin thare is a airt 'lang wi hit nobodie can git confused -->.
{{Commonscat|Lightning}}

{{fixscots|date=Februar 2021}}

{{fixscots}}
 instead -->
| type                    = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment]]
| image_skyline           = 
| image_alt               = 
| image_caption           = 
| image_flag              = 
| flag_alt                = 
| image_shield            = Blason département fr Hauts-de-Seine.svg
| shield_alt              = 
| nickname                = 
| motto                   = 
| image_map               = Hauts-de-Seine-Position.svg
| map_alt                 = 
| map_caption             = Location o Hauts-de-Seine in Fraunce
| pushpin_map             = 
| pushpin_label_position  = 
| pushpin_map_alt         = 
| pushpin_map_caption     = 
| coordinates             = {{coord|48|50|N|02|12|E|region:FR_type:adm2nd|display=inline}}
| coor_pinpoint           = 
| coordinates_footnotes   = 
| subdivision_type        = [[Leet o kintras|Kintra]]
| subdivision_name        = [[Fraunce]]
| subdivision_type1       = [[Regions o Fraunce|Region]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[Île-de-France (region)|Île-de-France]]
| established_title       = 
| established_date        = 
| founder                 = 
| seat_type               = [[Prefecturs in Fraunce|Prefectur]]
| seat                    = [[Nanterre]]
| parts_type              = [[Subprefecturs in Fraunce|Subprefecturs]]
| parts_style             = para
| p1                      = [[Antony, Hauts-de-Seine|Antony]]<br />[[Boulogne-Billancourt|Boulogne-<br />Billancourt]]
| government_footnotes    = 
| leader_party            = [[Union for a Popular Muivement|UMP]]
| leader_title            = [[Preses o the general cooncil|Preses o the General Cooncil]]
| leader_name             = [[Patrick Devedjian]]
| unit_pref               = Metric<!-- or US or UK -->
| area_magnitude          = 
| area_footnotes          = {{ref|area|1}}
| area_total_km2          = 176
| area_note               = 
| elevation_footnotes     = 
| elevation_m             = 
| elevation_min_m         = 
| elevation_max_m         = 
| population_footnotes    = 
| population_total        = 1536100
| population_as_of        = 1 Jan 2006 estimate
| population_rank         = [[Leet o French depairtments bi population|5t]]
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_demonym      = 
| population_note         = 
| blank_name_sec1         = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment number]]
| blank_info_sec1         = 92
| blank_name_sec2         = [[Arrondissements o Fraunce|Arrondissements]]
| blank_info_sec2         = [[arrondissements o the Hauts-de-Seine depairtment|3]]
| blank1_name_sec2        = [[Cantons in France|Cantons]]
| blank1_info_sec2        = [[cantons o the Hauts-de-Seine depairtment|45]]
| blank2_name_sec2        = [[Communes in Fraunce|Communes]]
| blank2_info_sec2        = [[communes o the Hauts-de-Seine deparitment|36]]
| timezone1               = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset1             = +1
| timezone1_DST           = [[Central European Simmer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset1_DST         = +2
| postal_code_type        = 
| postal_code             = 
| area_code_type          = 
| area_code               = 
| iso_code                = 
| website                 = 
| footnotes               = {{note|area|1}} French Land Register data, which exclude [[estuary|estuaries]], an lakes, ponds, an glaciers lairger than 1 km<sup>2</sup>
}}

In [[physics]], '''pouer''' (seembol: ''P'') is the rate that [[mechanical wirk|wirk]] is duin or [[energy (physics)|energy]] is transmitted, or the amoont o energy needit or uised for a gien unit o time. As a rate o chynge o wirk duin or the energy o a subseestem, pouer is:
:<math>
P = \frac{W}{t}\,
</math> 

| founder          = [[Friedrich Bayer]],<br> [[Johann Friedrich Weskott]]
| foundation       =  August 1 1863 <ref name="bayer1">[http://www.bayer.com/en/1863-1881.aspx Bayer: 150 years - The early years (1863–1881)]</ref>
| location         = [[Leverkusen]], Germany
| key_people = {{Plainlist|
* [[Werner Baumann]] {{small|(CEO)}}
* Werner Wenning {{small|(Chairman o the [[supervisory buird]])}}
}}
| revenue = {{increase}} [[Euro|€]]43.545 billion (2019)<ref name="AR2019">{{cite web |url=https://www.bayer.com/en/bayer-ag-annual-report-2019.pdfx?forced=true |title=Bayer AG Annual Report 2019 |accessdate=27 April 2020 |publisher=Bayer AG |archive-date=2020-05-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200519232648/https://www.bayer.com/en/bayer-ag-annual-report-2019.pdfx?forced=true |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| operating_income = {{increase}} €4.189 billion (2019)<ref name="AR2019"/>
| net_income = {{increase}} €4.091 billion (2019)<ref name="AR2019"/>
| assets = {{decrease}} €126.258 billion (end 2019)<ref name="AR2019"/>
| equity = {{increase}} €47.517 billion (end 2019)<ref name="AR2019"/>
| num_employees = 103,824 ([[full-time equivalent|FTE]], end 2019)<ref name="AR2019"/>
| industry         = [[Pharmaceutical company|Pharmaceuticals]], [[Chemical substance|chemicals]]
| products         = [[Veterinary medicine|Veterinary]] drugs,<br> [[Medical imagin|diagnostic imagin]],<br> general an specialty medicines,<br> [[weemen's heal]] products,<br> [[ower-the-coonter drug]]s,<br> [[diabetes]] care, [[pesticides]],<br> [[Plant breedin|plant biotechnology]],<br> [[polymer]]s, [[coatin]]s, [[adhesive]]s
| homepage         = [http://www.bayer.com/ www.bayer.com]
| subsid           = [[Bayer MaterialScience]], [[Bayer USA]],<br> [[Bayer Schering Pharma]],<br> [[Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals]],<br> [[#Bayer CropScience|Bayer CropScience]]
| intl             = yes
}}
'''Bayer AG''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|b|aɪ|ər}}; {{IPA-de|ˈbaɪ̯ɐ}}) is a [[Germany|German]] [[chemical industry|chemical]] an [[pharmaceutical company]] foondit in [[Barmen]] (the day a pairt o [[Wuppertal]]), Germany in 1863. It is heidquartered in [[Leverkusen]], [[North Rhine-Westphalia]], Germany an weel kent for its oreeginal brand o [[aspirin]]. Bayer mercatit [[heroin]] in 1895 an inventit aspirin in 1897. The company {{show by date|2013|8|1|will be|was}} 150 year auld on 1 August 2013.<ref name="bayer1"/>

{{Punctuation marks|:|
| caption      = Colon
| variant-size = 500%
| variant1     = ː
| caption1     = [[IPA]] triangular colon
| variant2     = ：
| caption2     = [[Fullwidth form|Fullwidth]] colon
| variant3     = ∶
| caption3     = [[Ratio]]
}}

{{fixscots|date=Dizember 2020}}

'''Magnesium''' is a [[chemical element]] wi seembol&nbsp;'''Mg''' an [[atomic nummer]]&nbsp;12. It is a shiny gray solit which bears a close pheesical resemblance tae the ither five elements in the seicont column (Group 2, or [[alkaline yird metals]]) o the [[periodic cairt]]: thay each hae the same [[electron]] confeeguration in thair ooter electron shell producin a seemilar crystal structur.

{{fixscots|date=Mairch 2021}}

{{fixscots|date=Mairch 2021}}

'''Atomism''' (frae [[Auncient Greek|Greek]] {{lang|grc|ἄτομον}}, ''atomon'', i.e. "uncuttable", "indiveesible"<ref>{{LSJ|a)/tomos|ἄτομον|ref}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=atom|url=http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=atom&allowed_in_frame=0|publisher=[[Online Etymology Dictionary]]}}</ref><ref>The term 'atomism' is recordit in Inglis syne 1670–80 (''[[Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary]]'', 2001, "atomism").</ref>) is a [[naitural filosofie]] that developed in several auncient tradeetions.

{{fixscots|date=Januar 2021}}

{{Automatic taxobox
| name = 
| image =
| image_caption = ''[[Araucaria araucana]]'' in [[Sooth Americae]]
| taxon = Araucariaceae
| authority = [[Johann Baptist Henkel|Henkel]] & W. Hochstetter
| type_genus=''[[Araucaria]]''
| type_genus_authority=[[Antoine Laurent de Jussieu|Juss.]]
| subdivision_ranks = Genera
| subdivision =
*''[[Agathis]]''
*''[[Araucaria]]''
*''[[Wollemia]]''
*†''[[Araucarioxylon]]''
*†''[[Araucarites]]''
*†''[[Brachyphyllum]]''
*†''[[Pagiophyllum]]''
*†''[[Protodammara]]''
}}
The '''Araucariaceae''', commonly referred tae as '''araucarians''', are a very auncient faimily o [[conifer]]ous trees.

'''Cryptozoologie''''s the study o ainimals that's rumored or doutit ti exist, but for which concluisive pruif's yet missin. This includes baests that is consithert extinct but yet whiles reportit. Yon wha vizzie or sairch for sic ainimals is cried cryptozoologists, an the hypothetical craitur thay study is cried "cryptids", a term coined bi John Wall in 1983.

{{fixscots}}
'''Nuclear winter''' is a fell an streekit [[Anti-greenhoose effect|warldwide climatic cuilin]] effect hypothesised tae occur efter widespreid [[Firestorm|firestorms]] follaein a [[Nuclear warfare|nuclear war]]. The hypothesis is based on the fact that sic fires can pit suit intae the [[Stratosphere|stratosphere]], whaur hit can block sum [[Blaand sky radiation|direct sunlicht]] fae reakin the surface o the Yird. Hit is jaloused that the cuilin woud lead tae widespreid crap failyie an faimin. Whan makkin computer models o nuclear winters, resairchers uise the [[Bombin o Hamburgh in Warld War II|bombin o Hamburgh]], an the [[Atomic bombins o Hiroshima an Nagasaki|Hiroshima]] firestorm in [[Warld War II]] as exemple cases whaur suit micht hae bin pit intae the stratosphere, alangside modren observes o naitural, muckle-airt [[Wildfire|wildfire]]-firestorms.

|elevation_m =
|elevation_ft =
|latitude = 33°53' N
|longitude = 35°30' E
|website = [http://www.beirut.gov.lb/ Ceety o Beirut]
|footnotes =
}}

{{fixscots|date=August 2021}}

]]
The '''Berlin Waw''' ([[Germany|German]]: ''Berliner Mauer'') separatit the ceety o [[Berlin]] in [[Germany]] frae 1961 tae 1989. It separatit the eastren hauf frae the wastren hauf. Mony fowk thocht it wis a [[seembol]] o the [[Cauld War]]. The Berlin Waw wis taen doun on [[9 November]] [[1989]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,959058,00.html |title=Freedom! The Berlin Wall - TIME |work=time.com |year=2011 |accessdate=19 February 2011 |archive-date=2013-08-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130825012437/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,959058,00.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="Future.state">{{cite web |url=http://future.state.gov/when/timeline/1969_detente/fall_of_communism.html |title=Fall of Communism |work=future.state.gov |year=2011 |accessdate=19 February 2011 |archive-date=2015-07-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150706093109/http://future.state.gov/when/timeline/1969_detente/fall_of_communism.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> The Berlin Waw wis aboot 168&nbsp;km (104 mile) lang.<ref>Berlin illustrated Newspaper of 3rd October 1990 (special edition), p. 113</ref> It wis biggit tae stap fowk frae escapin frae the eastren hauf o Berlin.

</ref>
|Motto                   = Industrie
|Former                  = Utah Territory
|Capital                 = [[Salt Lake City]]
|LargestCity             = caipital
|LargestCounty           = [[Salt Lake Coonty, Utah|Salt Lake Coonty]]
|LargestMetro            = [[Salt Lake City metropolitan aurie|Salt Lake City]]
|Governor                = [[Gary Herbert]] (R)
|Lieutenant Governor     = [[Spencer Cox (politeecian)|Spencer J. Cox]] (R)
|President of the Senate = [[Wayne Niederhauser]]
|Speaker of the House    = [[Greg Hughes]]
|Legislature             = [[Utah State Legislatur|State Legislatur]]
|Upperhouse              = [[Utah State Senate|State Senate]]
|Lowerhouse              = [[Utah Hoose o Representatives|Hoose o Representatives]]
|Senators                = [[Mitt Romney]] (R)<br />[[Mike Lee (Utah politeecian)|Mike Lee]] (R)
|Representative          = 
*[[Utah's 1st congressional destrict|1]]: [[Rob Bishop]] (R)
*[[Utah's 2nt congressional destrict|2]]: [[Chris Stewart (politeecian)|Chris Stewart]] (R)
*[[Utah's 3rd congressional destrict|3]]: [[Jason Chaffetz]] (R)
*[[Utah's 4t congressional destrict|4]]: [[Mia Love]] (R)
|PostalAbbreviation  = UT
|TradAbbreviation   = Ut.
|OfficialLang        = Inglis
|AreaRank            = 13t
|TotalAreaUS         = 84,899
|TotalArea           = 219,653
|LandAreaUS          = 82,144
|LandArea            = 212,761
|WaterAreaUA         = 2,755
|WaterArea           = 7,136
|PCWater             = 3.25
|PopRank             = 31st
|2010Pop             = 3,051,217 (2016 est)<ref name=PopEstUS>{{cite web|url=http://www.census.gov/data/tables/2016/demo/popest/state-total.html|format=CSV|title=Table 1. Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for the United States, Regions, States, and Puerto Rico: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2016|date=December 20, 2016|publisher=[[U.S. Census Bureau]]|accessdate=December 20, 2016}}</ref>
|DensityRank         = 41st
|2000DensityUS   = 37.15
|2000Density     = 14.34
|MedianHouseholdIncome = $66,258<ref>{{cite web|url=http://kff.org/other/state-indicator/median-annual-income/?currentTimeframe=0|work=The Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation|title=Median Annual Household Income|accessdate=December 9, 2016}}</ref>
|IncomeRank          = 11t
|AdmittanceOrder     = 45t
|AdmittanceDate      = Januar 4, 1896
|TimeZone            = [[Moontain Time Zone|Mountain]]: [[Coordinatit Universal Time|UTC]] [[Moontain Staundart Time|−7]]/[[Moontain Daylicht Time|−6]]
|Longitude           = 109° 3′ W tae 114° 3′ W
|Latitude            = [[37t parallel north|37° N]] tae [[42nt parallel north|42° N]]
|WidthUS             = 270
|Width               = 435
|LengthUS            = 350
|Length              = 560
|HighestPoint        = [[Kings Peak (Utah)|Kings Peak]]<ref>{{cite ngs |id= LO1058 |designation= Kings Peak Target |accessdate= October 24, 2011 }}</ref><ref name= USGS>{{cite web |url= http://egsc.usgs.gov/isb/pubs/booklets/elvadist/elvadist.html |title= Elevations and Distances in the United States |publisher= [[United States Geological Survey]] |year= 2001 |accessdate = October 24, 2011 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20131109183109/http://egsc.usgs.gov/isb//pubs/booklets/elvadist/elvadist.html |archive-date= November 9, 2013 |dead-url= yes }}</ref><ref name=NAVD88>Elevation adjusted to [[North American Vertical Datum of 1988]].</ref>
|HighestElevUS       = 13,518
|HighestElev         = 4,120.3
|MeanElevUS          = 6,100
|MeanElev            = 1,860
|LowestPoint         = [[Beaver Dam Wash]] at {{nobreak|[[Arizona]] border}}<ref name=USGS/><ref name=NAVD88/><ref>{{cite news|last=Arave |first=Lynn |title=Utah's basement—Beaver Dam Wash is state's lowest elevation |newspaper=Deseret Morning News |date=August 31, 2006 |url=http://www.deseretnews.com/article/645197370/Utahs-basement--Beaver-Dam-Wash-is-states-lowest-elevation.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150122192400/http://www.deseretnews.com/ |archivedate=January 22, 2015 |deadurl=no |df=mdy-all }}</ref>
|LowestElevUS        = 2,180
|LowestElev          = 664.4
|ISOCode             = US-UT
|Website             = utah.gov
}}
'''Utah''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|juː|t|ɔː}} or {{IPAc-en|audio=en-us-Utah.ogg|ˈ|juː|t|ɑː}}) is a [[U.S. state|state]] in the [[Wastren Unitit States]]. It wis the [[Leet o U.S. states bi date o statehuid|45t state]] admit tae the [[Unitit States|Union]], on 4 Januar 1896.  Aboot 80% o Utah's 2,763,885 fowk live alang the [[Wasatch Front]], centerin on [[Salt Lake Ceety]]. This leaves vast expanses o the state near uninhabitit, makkin the population the saxt maist urbanized in the U.S. The name "Utah" is derived frae the name o the [[Ute tribe]] an means "fowk o the muntains" in the [[Ute leid]]. Utah haes mairches wi [[Arizona]] soothlins, [[Colorado]] eastlins, [[Wyoming]] northeastlins, [[Idaho]] northlins an [[Nevada]] wastlins. It touches [[Fower Corners|a corner]] o [[New Mexico]] an aa.

{{fixscots|date=October 2020}}

{{italic title}}
{{taxobox
|name = Guava
|image = Psidium guajava fruit2.jpg
|image_caption = Guava (''[[Psidium guajava]]'')
|regnum = [[Plantae]]
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
|unranked_subclassis = [[Rosids]]
|ordo = [[Myrtales]]
|familia = [[Myrtaceae]]
|subfamilia = [[Myrtoideae]]
|tribus = [[Myrteae]]
|genus = '''''Psidium'''''
|genus_authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]<ref name="GRIN">{{cite web |url=http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/genus.pl?10034 |title=Genus: ''Psidium'' L. |work=Germplasm Resources Information Network |publisher=United States Department of Agriculture |date=2009-01-27 |accessdate=2010-03-03 |archive-date=2009-01-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090114230718/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/genus.pl?10034 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|synonyms = * ''Calyptropsidium'' <small>O.Berg</small>
* ''Corynemyrtus'' <small>(Kiaersk.) Mattos</small>
* ''Cuiavus'' <small>Trew</small>
* ''Episyzygium'' <small>Suess. & A.Ludw.</small>
* ''Guajava'' <small>Mill.</small>
* ''Guayaba'' <small>Noronha</small>
* ''Mitropsidium'' <small>Burret</small>
|synonyms_ref = <ref>{{cite web|url=http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/synonomy.do?name_id=166596|title=World Checklist of Selected Plant Families}}</ref>
|}}
'''''Psidium''''' is a group o trees an shrubs in the myrtle faimily, descrived as a genus bi Linnaeus in 1753.<ref>[http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/358489#page/482/mode/1up Linnaeus, Carl von. 1753.  Species Plantarum 1: 470] in Latin</ref><ref>[http://www.tropicos.org/Name/40018772 Tropicos, ''Psidium'' L.]</ref> It is native tae wairmer pairts o the Wastren Hemisphere ([[Mexico]], [[Central Americae|Central]] an [[Sooth Americae]], the [[Wast Indies]], [[Galápagos]], an the soothren [[Unitit States]]).<ref name=s>[http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/namedetail.do?name_id=166596 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families]</ref><ref>Govaerts, R., Sobral, N., Ashton, P., Barrie, F., Holst, B.K., Landrum, L.L., Matsumoto, K., Fernanda Mazine, F., Nic Lughadha, E., Proença, C. & al. (2008). World Checklist of Myrtaceae: 1-455. Kew Publishing, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. </ref><ref>Davidse, G., M. Sousa Sánchez, S. Knapp & F. Chiang Cabrera. 2009. Cucurbitaceae a Polemoniaceae. 4(1): i–xvi, 1–855. In G. Davidse, M. Sousa Sánchez, S. Knapp & F. Chiang Cabrera (eds.) Flora Mesoamericana. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México. </ref><ref>Landrum, L. R. & M. L. Kawasaki. 1997. The genera of Myrtaceae in Brazil: an illustrated synoptic treatment and identification keys. Brittonia 49(4): 508–536. </ref><ref>Sánchez-Vindas, P. E. 1989. Flora de Nicaragua: Myrtaceae. Brenesia 31: 53–73. </ref><ref>Sánchez-Vindas, P. E. 2001. ''Calycolpus, Eugenia, Myrcia, Myrcianthes, Myrciaria, Pimenta, Plinia, Psidium, Syzygium, Ugni.'' En: Stevens, W.D., C. Ulloa, A. Pool & O.M. Montiel (eds.), Flora de Nicaragua. Monographs in systematic botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 85(2): 1566, 1570–1574, 1575–1580. </ref><ref>[http://bonap.net/NAPA/TaxonMaps/Genus/County/Psidium Biota of North America Program, 2013 county distribution maps, genus ''Psidium'']</ref>

{{fixscots|date=Mairch 2021}}

|birth_place      = [[Como]], [[Duchy o Milan]]
|death_date       = {{death date and age|df=yes|1689|8|12|1611|5|16}}
|death_place      = [[Roum]], [[Papal State]]
|other            = Innocent
|beatified_date   = 7 October 1956
|feast_day        = 12 August
|venerated        =
|saint_title      =
|beatified_place  =
|beatified_by     = [[Pape Pius XII]]
}}

, 2009]]
'''Petroleum''' ([[Laitin|L.]] ''petroleum'', frae [[Greek leid|Greek]]: ''πέτρα'' (rock) + {{lang-la|oleum}} (ile)<ref>"Petroleum". ''[[Concise Oxford English Dictionary]]''</ref><ref>The [[Laitin]] wird ''petra'' is a [[loanword]] frae [[Greek leid|Greek]] ''πέτρα''.</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://alternativefuels.about.com/od/thedifferenttypes/a/gasolineorigins.htm |title=Gasoline as Fuel – History of Word Gasoline – Gasoline and Petroleum Origins |publisher=Alternativefuels.about.com |date=2013-07-12 |accessdate=2013-08-27 |archive-date=2008-09-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080926031507/http://alternativefuels.about.com/od/thedifferenttypes/a/gasolineorigins.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref>) is a naiturally occurrin, yellae-tae-black [[liquid]] foond in [[Formation (stratigraphy)|geologic formations]] beneath the [[Yird|Yird's]] surface, which is commonly refined intae sindry types o fuels. It consists o [[hydrocarbon]]s o sindry molecular wichts an ither liquid [[organic compoond]]s.<ref>[http://www.eia.gov/KIDS/energy.cfm?page=oil_home-basics-k.cfm EIA Energy Kids - Oil (petroleum)]. Eia.gov. Retrieved on 2013-11-26.</ref>

{{fixscots}}
{{Coord|35|N|136|E|display=title}}
}} |''Nippon-koku'' |''Nihon-koku''}}
|image_flag = Flag of Japan.svg
|alt_flag = Centered reid circle on a white rectangle.
|common_name = Japan
|linking_name = Japan
|image_coat = Imperial Seal of Japan.svg
|alt_coat = Gowden circle subdividit bi gowden wedges wi roondit ooter edges an thin black ootlines.
|symbol_type = Imperial Seal
|other_symbol_type = [[Govrenment Seal o Japan]]
|other_symbol = {{unbulleted list | |{{larger|{{Nihongo|五七桐|''Go-Shichi no Kiri''}}}}}}
|image_map = Japan (orthographic projection).svg
|map_width = 220px
|national_anthem = {{unbulleted list|"''[[Kimigayo]]''"|{{lower|0.25em|"{{big|{{Nihongo|君が代}}}}"}}}}<br/><center></center>
|official_languages = None<ref>{{cite web |url=http://houseikyoku.sangiin.go.jp/column/column068.htm |title=法制執務コラム集「法律と国語・日本語」 |publisher=Legislative Bureau of the House of Councillors |accessdate=January 19, 2009 |language=Japanese}}</ref>
|languages_type = [[Naitional leid]]
|languages = [[Japanese leid|Japanese]]
|regional_languages =
 {{unbulleted list|li_style=font-size:95%;
  | [[Ainu leid|Aynu itak]]
  | {{nowrap|[[Ryukyuan leids]]}}
  | [[Eastren Japanese]]
  | [[Wastren Japanese]]
  | {{longitem|style=line-height:1.1em; |{{smaller|several ither [[Japanese dialects]]}}}}
 }}
|demonym = Japanese
|ethnic_groups =
 {{unbulleted list
  | 98.5% [[Japanese fowk|Japanese]]
  |  0.5% [[Koreans in Japan|Korean]]
  |  0.4% [[Cheenese fowk in Japan|Cheenese]]
  |  0.6% ither
 }}
|ethnic_groups_year = 2011{{lower|0.4em|<ref name="cia">{{cite web|title=World Factbook: Japan|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ja.html|publisher=[[CIA]]|accessdate=January 15, 2011|archive-date=2015-12-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151220044055/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ja.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>}}
|capital = [[Tokyo]]
|coordinates = {{Coord|35|41|N|139|46|E|type:city}}
|government_type = [[Unitary state|Unitary]] [[Pairlamentary seestem|parliamentary]] [[constitutional monarchy]]
|leader_title1 = [[Emperor o Japan|Emperor]]
|leader_name1 = [[Naruhito]] (徳仁)
|leader_title2 = [[Prime Meenister o Japan|Prime Meenister]]
|leader_name2 = [[Fumio Kishida]] (岸田 文雄)
|legislature = [[Naitional Diet]]
|upper_house = [[Hoose o Cooncillors]]
|lower_house = [[Hoose o Representatives (Japan)|Hoose o Representatives]]
|area_footnote = <ref>{{cite web |title=Japan Statistical Yearbook 2010 |publisher=Statistics Bureau |accessdate=January 15, 2011 |url=http://www.stat.go.jp/data/nenkan/pdf/yhyou01.pdf |page=17 |archive-date=2015-09-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150922153823/http://www.stat.go.jp/data/nenkan/pdf/yhyou01.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|area_rank = 62nt
|area_km2 = 377,975
|area_sq_mi = {{convert|377975|km2|sqmi|disp=output number only}}<!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]-->
|percent_water = 1.4
|population_estimate = 125,360,000<ref>{{cite web|title=Population Estimates Monthly Report July 2021)|url=https://www.stat.go.jp/english/data/jinsui/tsuki/index.html|publisher=[[Statistics Bureau (Japan)|Statistics Bureau of Japan]]|date=July 20, 2021}}</ref>
|population_estimate_year = 2021
|population_estimate_rank = 11t
|population_census = 126,226,568<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.e-stat.go.jp/en/stat-search/files?page=1&layout=datalist&toukei=00200521&tstat=000001136464&cycle=0&year=20200&month=24101210&tclass1=000001136465&tclass2=000001154388&tclass3val=0|title=2020 Population Census Preliminary Tabulation|accessdate=June 26, 2021|publisher=[[Statistics Bureau (Japan)|Statistics Bureau of Japan]]}}</ref>
|population_census_year = 2020
|population_density_km2 = 334
|population_densitymi2 = 873.1 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]-->
|population_density_rank = 36t
|GDP_PPP_year = 2019
|GDP_PPP = $5.586 trillion <ref name="IMFWEOJP">{{cite web|url=https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2021/April/weo-report?c=158,&s=NGDP_RPCH,NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,&sy=2019&ey=2026&ssm=0&scsm=1&scc=0&ssd=1&ssc=0&sic=0&sort=country&ds=.&br=1|title=World Economic Outlook database: April 2021|publisher=[[International Monetary Fund]]|date=April 2021}}</ref>
|GDP_PPP_rank = 4t
|GDP_PPP_per_capita = $44,585
|GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 27st
|GDP_nominal = $5.378 trillion
|GDP_nominal_rank = 3rd
|GDP_nominal_year = 2021
|GDP_nominal_per_capita = $42,928
|GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 23rd
|Gini_year = 2018
|Gini_change = <!--increase/decrease/steady-->
|Gini = 33.4 <!--number only-->
|Gini_ref = <ref name="cia"/>
|Gini_rank = 78th
|sovereignty_type = [[History o Japan|Formation]]
|established_event1 = [[Naitional Foundation Day]]
|established_date1 = 11 Februar 660&nbsp;BC<ref>Accordin tae legend, Japan wis foondit on this date bi [[Emperor Jimmu]], the kintra's first emperor.</ref>
|established_event2 = [[Meiji Constitution]]
|established_date2 = November 29, 1890
|established_event3 = {{nowrap|[[Constitution o Japan|Current constitution]]}}
|established_date3 = Mey 3, 1947
|established_event4 = {{nowrap|[[Treaty o San Francisco|San Francisco<br/>Peace Treaty]]}}
|established_date4 = Aprile 28, 1952
|Gini_year = 2018
|Gini_change =  <!--increase/decrease/steady-->
|Gini = 37.6 <!--number only-->
|Gini_ref = <ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://data.oecd.org/inequality/income-inequality.htm|title=Inequality - Income inequality - OECD Data|publisher=[[Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development|OECD]]|access-date=25 July 2021}}</ref>
|Gini_rank = 78t
|HDI_year = 2019
|HDI_change = increase <!--increase/decrease/steady-->
|HDI = 0.919 <!--number only-->
|HDI_ref = <ref name="UNHDR">{{cite web|url=http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr2020.pdf|title=Human Development Report 2020|language=en|publisher=[[United Nations Development Programme]]|date=December 15, 2020|accessdate=December 15, 2020}}</ref>
|HDI_rank = 10th
|currency = [[Japanese yen|Yen]] (¥){{\}}{{transl|ja|''En''}} {{lang|ja|円}}
|currency_code = JPY
|time_zone = [[Japan Staundart Time|JST]]
|utc_offset = +9
|time_zone_DST = nae observed
|utc_offset_DST = +9
|date_format = {{unbulleted list |yyyy-mm-dd |yyyy年m月d日 |{{nowrap|[[Japanese era name|Era]]&nbsp;yy年m月d日 {{small|([[Common Era|CE]]−1988)}}}}}}
|drives_on = [[Richt- an left-hand traffic#Japan|left]]
|calling_code = [[Telephone nummers in Japan|+81]]
|cctld = [[.jp]]
|official_website = [http://www.japan.go.jp www.japan.go.jp]
}}
'''Japan''' ({{lang-ja|日本}} ''Nippon'' {{IPA-ja|nip̚põ̞ɴ|}} or ''Nihon'' {{IPA-ja|nihõ̞ɴ|}}; formally {{nihongo2|日本国}} ''{{audio|help=no|Ja-nippon_nihonkoku.ogg|Nippon-koku}}'' or ''Nihon-koku'', meanin "State o Japan") is a sovereign island naition in Eastren Asie. Locatit in the [[Paceefic Ocean]], it lies off the eastren coast o the Asie Mainland (east o [[Cheenae]], [[Korea]], [[Roushie]]) an stretches frae the [[Sea o Okhotsk]] in the north tae the East Cheenae Sea an [[Taiwan]] in the soothwast.

{{Automatic taxobox
 | image = Royal Spoonbill444.jpg
 | image_caption = [[Royal spoonbill]]
 | taxon = Threskiornithidae
 | authority = [[Charles Wallace Richmond|Richmond]], 1917
 | subdivision_ranks = Subfaimilies
 | subdivision = 
*[[Ibis|Threskiornithinae]]
*[[Spoonbill|Plataleinae]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/classification/Threskiornithidae.html |first=P. R. |last=Myers |author2=C. S. Parr |author3=T. Jones |author4=G. S. Hammond |author5= T. A. Dewey  |title=Family Threskiornithidae (ibises and spoonbills) |work=Animal Diversity Web |publisher=University of Michigan |accessdate=2009-09-09}}</ref>
}}
The [[faimily (biology)|faimily]] '''Threskiornithidae''' includes 34 species o lairge wadin birds. The faimily haes been tradeetionally classified intae twa subfaimilies, the '''[[ibis]]es''' an the '''[[spoonbill]]s''', houever recent genetic studies are castin doubt on the arrangement, an revealin the spuinbills tae be nestit within the auld warld ibises, an the new warld ibises as an early affshuit.

The Bishop o Rome, whiles cried the '''Pape''', is the heid o the [[Roman Catholic Kirk]] an sovereign o [[Vatican Ceety]]. The Bishop is waled by Cairdinals in whit is kent as a [[Papal Conclave]]. The current Bishop is His Haliness [[Pape Frauncis]], wha succeedit [[Pape Benedict XVI]] efter his reteirement in Februar, 2013. The line o Bishop can be traced richt back tae the verra first Pape, [[St. Peter]], wha wis appyntit bi [[Jesus Christ]].
{{authority control}}
[[Category:Papes| ]]
[[Category:Ecclesiastical teetles]]
[[Category:Episcopacy in Roman Catholicism]]
[[Category:Haly See| ]]
[[Category:Releegious leadership roles]]

{{fixscots|date=Mairch 2021}}

{{Subspeciesbox
| name = Domestic dugs
| fossil_range = At least 14,200 years aby – present<ref name=Thalmann2018>{{cite book|doi = 10.1007/13836_2018_27|chapter = Paleogenomic Inferences of Dog Domestication|title = Paleogenomics|pages = 273–306|series = Population Genomics|year = 2018|last1 = Thalmann|first1 = Olaf|last2 = Perri|first2 = Angela R.|publisher=Springer, Cham|editor1-last=Lindqvist|editor1-first=C.|editor2-last=Rajora|editor2-first=O.|isbn = 978-3-030-04752-8}}</ref>
| status = DOM
| image = Collage of Nine Dogs.jpg <!-- Please do not change lead image without discussion -->
| image_upright = 1.2
| image_caption = Selection o the different [[dug breed|breeds o dug]]
| genus = Canis
| species = lupus
| species_link = Gray wouf
| subspecies = familiaris<ref name=wozencraft2005>{{MSW3 Wozencraft|id=14000751|pages=575–577}} url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JgAMbNSt8ikC&pg=PA576</ref>
| authority =  [[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], 1758
| synonyms = ''Canis familiaris'' <small>[[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], 1758<ref name=linnaeus1758>{{cite book|last=Linnæus|first=Carl|title=Systema naturæ per regna tria naturæ, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I|year=1758|publisher=Laurentius Salvius|location=Holmiæ (Stockholm)|pages=38–40|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/80764#page/48/mode/1up|edition=10|accessdate=11 February 2017|language=Latin}}</ref><ref name=iczn1926>{{cite journal|title=Opinions and Declarations Rendered by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature – Opinion 91|journal=Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections |year=1926|chapter=|volume=73|issue=4|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/35815#page/173/mode/1up}}</ref></small>
}}
The '''domestic dug''' (''Canis lupus familiaris'' or ''Canis familiaris'') is a usually furry, [[carnivore|carnivorous]]<ref>{{cite journal|journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution|volume=10|issue=2|year=1998|pages=210–220|url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1055790398905139|
title=The complete nucleotide sequence of the domestic dog (''Canis familiaris'') mitochondrial genome|author=Kim, K.S., Lee,S.E., Jeong, H.W. and Ha, J.H.|doi=10.1006/mpev.1998.0513}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|title=Origin, genetic diversity, and genome structure of the domestic dog.|author=Wayne, R.K. and Ostrander, E.A.|journal=BioEssays|volume=21|pages=247–257|url=http://parkinson.cos.ucf.edu/Courses/PCB6677/pdf/bioassay_dog.pdf|year=1999|doi=10.1002/(sici)1521-1878(199903)21:3<247::aid-bies9>3.0.co;2-z|access-date=2015-03-23|archive-date=2015-02-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150204020501/http://parkinson.cos.ucf.edu/Courses/PCB6677/pdf/bioassay_dog.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|journal=Zoo Biology|volume=29|issue=6|pages=687–704|url=http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/zoo.20302/abstract;jsessionid=383ABB2CBFFC1A66659DC86E211048B2.f04t02?deniedAccessCustomisedMessage=&userIsAuthenticated=false|author=Clauss, M., Kleffner, H. and Kienzle, E.|title=Carnivorous mammals: nutrient digestibility and energy evaluation.|doi=10.1002/zoo.20302}}</ref> [[Canidae|canid]] [[carnivora]]n [[mammal]].  The dug, thit is sib tae the [[wouf]], wis [[Domestication o the dog|the first domesticatit beast]]<ref>Nikolai D. Ovodov, Susan J. Crockford, Yaroslav V. Kuzmin, Thomas F. G. Higham, Gregory W. L. Hodgins, Johannes van der Plicht. (2011). ''A 33,000-Year-Old Incipient Dog from the Altai Mountains of Siberia: Evidence of the Earliest Domestication Disrupted by the Last Glacial Maximum''. Published: 28 July, 2011DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0022821. Page 1 [http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0022821 online here OCT14]</ref><ref>Greger Larson, Elinor K. Karlsson, Angela Perri, Matthew T. Webster, Simon Y. W. Ho, Joris Peters, Peter W. Stahl, Philip J. Piper, Frode Lingaas, Merete Fredholm, Kenine E. Comstock, Jaime F. Modiano, Claude Schelling, Alexander I. Agoulnik, Peter A. Leegwater, Keith Dobney, Jean-Denis Vignes, Carles Vilàt, Leif Anderssond, and Kerstin Lindblad-Toh; Edited by Joachim Burger. (2012). ''Rethinking dog domestication by integrating genetics, archeology, and biogeography''. vol. 109 no. 23 > Greger Larson,  8878–8883, doi: 10.1073/pnas.1203005109. Page 1 [http://www.pnas.org/content/109/23/8878.full online here OCT14] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141101062522/http://www.pnas.org/content/109/23/8878.full |date=2014-11-01 }}</ref> an haes been widely kept as a [[wirkin dug|wirkin]], [[huntin dug|huntin]], an [[pet]] companion. It is estimatit thare are atween 700 million an ane billion domestic dugs, makin them the maist abundant member o order [[Carnivora]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Hughes |first1=Joelene |last2=Macdonald |first2=David W. |year=2013 |title=A review of the interactions between free-roaming domestic dogs and wildlife |journal=Biological Conservation |volume=157 |pages=341–351 |doi=10.1016/j.biocon.2012.07.005}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Gompper |first=Matthew E. |year=2013 |chapter=The dog–human–wildlife interface: assessing the scope of the problem |title=Free-Ranging Dogs and Wildlife Conservation |editor-last=Gompper |editor-first=Matthew E. |publisher=Oxford University Press |pages=9–54}}</ref>

{{unsoorced}}
'''Laissez-faire''' is short for, "laissez-faire, laissez-passer," a French phrase meanin idiomatically "leave tae dae, leave tae pass" or mair accurate "lat things abee, lat thaim pass". First uised bi the aichteent century Physiocrats as an injunction agin govrenment interficherin wi tred an troke, it is nou uised as a synonym for strict free mercat economics. Laissez-faire economic policy is in direct contrast tae statist economic policy. [[Adam Smith]] played a lairge role in popularizin laissez-faire economic theories in Inglis-speakin kintras, thou he wis tuithie o a nummer o aspects o whit is currently thocht o as laissez-faire (sic as want o govrenment regulation o business practices).

durin the [[Arab Revolt]] against the [[Ottoman Empire]] in [[World War I]]. 

{{fixscots|date=Mairch 2021}}

'''Arab fowk''', kent as '''Arabs''' an aw ({{lang-ar|<big>عرب</big>}}, ''ʿarab''), are a [[panethnicity]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hgm2011.org/ghazi_tadmouri_-_abstract.html |title=Ghazi Tadmouri - Abstract |publisher=Hgm2011.org |date=2011-03-15 |accessdate=2011-07-18 |archive-date=2011-07-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110726145940/http://www.hgm2011.org/ghazi_tadmouri_-_abstract.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><!--Hiding the large list of references: <ref>http://histclo.com/country/cou-mea.html</ref><ref>http://books.google.com/books?id=40Zv8DC4g38C&pg=PA99&lpg=PA99&dq=arabs+panethnicity&source=bl&ots=h7x2ODT1_I&sig=kGTXpQAttO1BebQcOq2ZmOQXqv4&hl=en&ei=V4ZpTfCzK8mxhAeR-IihDw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CBIQ6AEwADgU#v=onepage&q&f=false</ref><ref>http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/journal_of_latin_american_geography/summary/v007/7.2.miyares.html</ref><ref>http://books.google.com/books?id=iAPLHidx8MkC&pg=PA405&lpg=PA405#v=onepage&q&f=false</ref>--> primarily livin in the [[Arab warld]] which is locatit in [[Wastren Asie]] an [[North Africae]]. Thay are [[identity (social science)|identified]] as such on ane or mair o [[genealogy|genealogical]], [[natural leid|linguistic]], or [[cultur]]al grunds,<ref name=Deng>Francis Mading Deng [http://books.google.com/books?id=iAPLHidx8MkC&pg=PA405 War of visions: conflict of identities in the Sudan], Brookings Institution Press, 1995, ISBN 0-8157-1793-8 p. 405</ref> wi tribal affiliations, an intra-tribal relationships playin an important pairt o Arab identity in tracin strynd o a naitional frae an [[Arab League|Arab state]].<ref>Nicholas S. Hopkins, Saad Eddin Ibrahim eds., ''Arab society: class, gender, power, and development'', American University in Cairo Press, 1997, p.6</ref>

{{chinese name|Mo}}

{{double image|right|Bay of Fundy High Tide.jpg|200|Bay of Fundy Low Tide.jpg|200|Heich tide, [[Alma, New Brunswick|Alma]], [[New Brunswick]] in the [[Bay o Fundy]], 1972|Law tide at the same fishin port in [[Bay o Fundy]], 1972|Photae o boat in watter next tae a dock|Photo o boat restin on bottom next tae dock}}
'''Tides''' is the risin an fawin o [[sea]] levels caused by the gravitational forces o the [[muin]], the [[sun]] an the birlin o the [[yird]] wirkin thegither.

{{fixscots}}{{Linkrot}}
</ref>
|area_total_km2 = 450
|area_land_km2 =
|area_water_km2 = 14.5
|area_water_percent = 3.2
|area_urban_km2 = 203.67
|area_metro_km2 = 3717
|population_as_of = 2011 (urban: 2010)
|population_footnotes =<ref name="scb"/><ref>[http://www.scb.se/Pages/TableAndChart____228191.aspx Statistics Sweden: Folkmängd i riket, län och kommuner 30 juni 2011 och befolkningsförändringar 1 januari - 30 juni 2011]</ref>
|population_total = 519,399
|population_density_km2 = auto
|population_metro = 933,560
|population_density_metro_km2 = auto
|population_urban = 549,839
|population_density_urban_km2 = auto
|timezone = [[Central European Time|CET]]
|utc_offset = +1
|timezone_DST = [[Central European Simmer Time|CEST]]
|utc_offset_DST = +2
|coordinates       = {{coord|57|42|N|11|58|E|region:SE|display=inline,title}}
|website = [http://www.goteborg.se/ www.goteborg.se]
}}

|birth_place       = [[Los Angeles]], [[Californie]], U.S.
|death_date        = {{Death date and age|2008|5|15|1913|7|12}}
|death_place       = [[Tucson]], [[Arizona]], U.S.
|nationality       = Unitit States
|fields            = [[Physics]]
|workplaces        = [[Varsity o Arizona]]<br>[[Varsity o Oxford]]<br>[[Yale]]<br>[[Columbia Varsity|Columbia]]<br>[[Stanford]]
|alma_mater        = [[Varsity o Californie, Berkeley]]
|doctoral_advisor  = [[J. Robert Oppenheimer]] 
|academic_advisor  = 
|doctoral_students = [[Bernard T. Feld|Bernard Feld]] (1945)<br>[[Norman Myles Kroll|Norman Kroll]] (1948)<br>[[Theodore Maiman]] (1955)<br>[[Marlan Scully]] (1966)<br>[[Balázs László Győrffy]] (1966)<br>[[Frederick Hopf]]<br>[[Murray Sargent III]]<br>[[Stanley L. Kaufman]]<br>[[David Mader]]<br>[[Ralph Jacobs]]
|notable_students  = 
|known_for         = [[Lamb shift]]<br>[[laser|Laser Theory]]<br>[[Quantum Optics]]
|influences        = 
|influenced        = 
|awards            = {{nowrap|[[Nobel Prize in Physics]] (1955)  }}
}}
'''Willis Eugene Lamb Jr.''' (Julie 12, 1913 – Mey 15, 2008) wis an American [[physicist]] wha wan the [[Nobel Prize in Physics]] in 1955 "for his discoveries concernin the fine structur o the hydrogen spectrum."

{{Automatic taxobox
| name = ''Garrulus''
| image = Cyprus jay (Garrulus glandarius glaszneri).jpg
| image_caption = ''G. glandarius glaszneri'', [[Cyprus]]'' 
| taxon = Garrulus
| authority = [[Mathurin Jacques Brisson|Brisson]], 1760
| type_species = ''[[Jay pyot|Corvus glandarius]]''
| type_species_authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], 1758
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision = * ''Garrulus glandarius''
* ''Garrulus lanceolatus''
* ''Garrulus lidthi''
}}

{{italic title}}
{{taxobox
 | name                = ''Dahlia''
 | image               = Dahlia flower - colour.jpg
 | image_caption       = 
 | regnum              = [[Plant]]ae
 | unranked_divisio    = [[Flouerin plant|Angiosperms]]
 | unranked_classis    = [[Eudicots]]
 | unranked_ordo       = [[Asterids]]
 | ordo                = [[Asterales]]
 | familia             = [[Asteraceae]]
 | subfamilia          = [[Asteroideae]]
 | supertribus         = [[Helianthodae]] 
 | tribus              = [[Coreopsideae]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.uniprot.org/taxonomy/41562 |title=Genus '''Dahlia''' |work=Taxonomy |publisher=UniProt |accessdate=2009-10-15}}</ref>
 | genus               = '''''Dahlia'''''
 | genus_authority     = [[Antonio José Cavanilles|Cav.]]<ref name=Cavanilles>Cavanilles, A. J. 1791. Icones et Descriptiones Plantarum 1: 57. Madrid</ref>
 | type_species        = ''[[Dahlia pinnata]]'' Cav.<ref name=Cavanilles/>
 | synonyms            = ''Georgina'' <small>[[Carl Ludwig Willdenow|Willd.]]</small><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/genus.pl?3362 |title=''Dahlia'' Cav. |work=Germplasm Resources Information Network |publisher=United States Department of Agriculture |date=1996-09-17 |accessdate=2009-10-15 |archive-date=2009-05-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090506222455/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/genus.pl?3362 |url-status=dead }}</ref> nom. illeg.
 | subdivision_ranks   = [[Section (botany)|Sections]]
 | subdivision         = 
* ''Dahlia''
* ''Entemophyllon''
* ''Epiphytum''
* ''Pseudodendron''
}}
'''''Dahlia''''' is a [[genus]] o bushy, [[tuberous ruit|tuberous]], [[herbaceous]] [[perennial plant]]s hamelt tae Mexico an [[Central Americae]].<!--It is a memmer of the [[Asteraceae]] family, alang wi sunflowers, daisy, chrysanthemum, and zinnia. There is 42 species o dahlia, with hybrids commonly grown as garden plants. Flower forms are variable, with one head per stem; these can be as small as 5 cm (2 in) diameter or up to 30 cm (1 ft) ("dinner plate"). This great variety results from dahlias being octoploids—that is, they have eight sets of homologous chromosomes, whereas most plants have only two. In addition, dahlias also contain many transposons—genetic pieces that move from place to place upon an allele—which contributes to their manifesting such great diversity.

|type          = Sports organisation
|headquarters  = [[Nyon]], Swisserland
|coords        = {{Coord|46.371009|6.23103|region:CH-VD_type:landmark}}
|region_served = Europe
|membership    = [[:en:List of men's national association football teams#UEFA (Europe)|54 full member associations]]
|language      = Inglis, French, German
|leader_title  = [[:en:List of Presidents of UEFA|Preses]]
|leader_name   = [[Aleksander Čeferin]]<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.uefa.org/about-uefa/organisation/congress/news/newsid=2403250.html|title=Čeferin elected as UEFA President|publisher=UEFA|accessdate=2016-09-14}}</ref>
|leader_title2 = Vice-preses
|leader_name2  = [[Reinhard Grindel]]<br>[[Hryhoriy Surkis]]<br>[[Fernando Gomes (fitbaw admeenistrator)|Fernando Gomes]]<br>[[Michele Uva]] 
|leader_title3 = General Secretar
|leader_name3  = [[Theodore Theodoridis]] 
|leader_title4 = Honorary President
|leader_name4  = [[Lennart Johansson]]
|main_organ    = UEFA Congress
|parent_organization = [[FIFA]]
|website       = [http://www.uefa.com/ www.UEFA.com]
}}
'''Union o European Fitbaa Associations''' ('''UEFA''', [[Inglis leid|Inglis]]:''Union of European Football Associations'', [[French leid|French]]: ''L'Union des Associations Européennes de Football'') is the controllin boady o [[fitbaw]] in [[Europe]]. It wis formit in 1954 atween the [[Fraunce|French]], [[Italy|Italian]] an [[Belgium|Belgian]] fitbaw associations. It's heid-quarters wis in [[Paris]] afore movin tae [[Bern (ceety)|Bern]] an is no basit in [[Nyon]], [[Swisserland]]. It haes 52 member kintras sam o wheich are pairt o [[Asie]] includin [[Turkey]] an [[Israel]]. UEFA runs the [[UEFA Champions League]], the [[UEFA Europa League]] asweel as the [[European Championships]].

| coordinates_footnotes = 
| region              = [[Piemont]]
| province            = [[Province o Turin|Turin]] (TO)
| frazioni            = 
| mayor_party         = 
| mayor               = Salvatore Diglio
| area_footnotes      = 
| area_total_km2      = 41.4
| population_footnotes = 
| population_total    = 3406
| population_as_of    = 30 November 2010<ref name="istat">All demographics and other statistics: Italian statistical institute [[National Institute of Statistics (Italy)|Istat]].</ref>
| pop_density_footnotes = 
| population_demonym  = Coriesi
| elevation_footnotes = 
| elevation_m         = 625
| twin1               = 
| twin1_country       = 
| saint               = 
| day                 = 
| postal_code         = 10070
| area_code           = 011
| website             = www.comune.corio.to.it
| footnotes           = 
}}

{{Itheruises}}
Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave''
| native_name_lang        =
| settlement_type         = [[Poleetical diveesions o Mexico|State]]
| image_flag              = Flag of Veracruz.svg
| flag_size               = 160px
| flag_alt                =
| image_seal              = Coat of arms of Veracruz.svg
| seal_size               = 75px
| nickname                =
| motto                   =''Plus Ultra''{{-}}<small>''(Beyond)''</small>
| anthem                  = Himno Veracruzano
| image_map               = Veracruz en México.svg
| map_caption             = State o Veracruz athin Mexico
| coordinates             = {{coord|19|26|05|N|96|22|59|W|region:MX-VER_type:adm1st|display=inline}}
| coor_pinpoint           =
| coordinates_footnotes   =
| subdivision_type        = [[Kintra]]
| subdivision_name        = [[Mexico]]
| subdivision_type1       = [[Caipital ceety|Caipital]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[Xalapa|Xalapa-Enríquez]]
| subdivision_type2       = [[Leet o ceeties in Mexico|Lairgest&nbsp;Ceety]]
| subdivision_name2       = [[Veracruz, Veracruz|Veracruz]]
| subdivision_type3       = [[Metropolitan auries o Mexico|Largest Metro Aurie]]
| subdivision_name3       = [[Tampico]] (pairt o Tamaulipas an aw)
| established_title       = [[Sovereign state|Admission]]
| established_date        = 22 December 1823<ref>{{cite news | title=Las Diputaciones Provinciales| url =http://biblio.juridicas.unam.mx/libros/6/2920/11.pdf|page=15 |language =Spanish}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author1=Nettie Lee Benson|author2=Colegio de México. Centro de Estudios Históricos|author3=Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México|title=La diputación provincial y el federalismo mexicano|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=i_GK_-6deKIC&pg=PA227|accessdate=20 February 2011|year=1994|publisher=UNAM|isbn=978-968-12-0586-7|pages=227–}}</ref>
| established_title2     = [[Territorial evolution o Mexico|Order]]
| established_date2      = [[Territorial evolution o Mexico|7t]]
| founder                 =
| seat_type               =
| seat                    =
| government_footnotes    =
| leader_party            =
| leader_title            = [[Leet o Mexican state govrenors|Govrenor]]
| leader_name             = [[Javier Duarte de Ochoa|Javier Duarte]] |23px]]
| leader_title1           = [[Senate of Mexico|Senators]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Senadores por Veracruz LXI Legislatura |url=http://www.senado.gob.mx/index.php?ver=int&mn=4&sm=4&id=31 |publisher=Senado de la Republica |accessdate=April 9, 2010}}</ref>
| leader_name1            = [[Dante Delgado Rannauro|Dante Delgado]] <br />[[Arturo Herviz Reyes]] <br />[[Juan Bueno Torio]] 
|leader_title2           = [[Chamber o Deputies o Mexico|Deputies]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Listado de Diputados por Grupo Parlamentario del Estado de Veracruz |url=http://sitl.diputados.gob.mx/LXI_leg/listado_diputados_gpnp.php?tipot=Edo&edot=30 |publisher=Camara de Diputados |accessdate=April 9, 2010 |archive-date=2018-12-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226130731/http://sitl.diputados.gob.mx/LXI_leg/listado_diputados_gpnp.php?tipot=Edo&edot=30%20 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|leader_name2            = {{Collapsible list
 |title       = [[Chamber o Deputies o Mexico|Federal Deputies]]
 |frame_style = border:none; padding: 0;
 |title_style = <!-- (optional) -->
 |list_style  = text-align:left;display:none;
 |1           = • [[Ricardo Ahued Bardahuil|Ricardo Ahued]] 
 |2           = • [[José Luis Álvarez Martínez|José Luis Álvarez]] 
 |3           = • [[Antonio Benítez Lucho]] 
 |4           = • [[Juan Nicolás Callejas Arroyo|Nicolás Callejas]] 
 |5           = • [[Patricio Chirinos del Ángel|Patricio Chirinos]] 
 |6           = • [[Felipe Amadeo Flores Espinosa|Felipe Flores Espinosa]] 
 |7           = • [[Víctor Félix Flores Morales|Víctor Flores Morales]] 
 |8           = • [[Francisco Herrera Jiménez|Francisco Herrera]] 
 |9           = • [[Fidel Kuri Grajales]] 
 |10          = • [[Silvio Lagos Galindo|Silvio Lagos]] 
 |11          = • [[Luis Antonio Martínez Armengol|Luis Antonio Martínez]] 
 |12          = • [[Genaro Mejía de la Merced|Genaro Mejía]] 
 |13          = • [[Nely Edith Miranda Herrera|Nely Edith Miranda]] 
 |14          = • [[Daniela Nadal Riquelme|Daniela Nadal]] 
 |15          = • [[María Isabel Pérez Santos|María Isabel Pérez]] 
 |16          = • [[Sergio Lorenzo Quiroz Cruz|Sergio Quiroz Cruz]] 
 |17          = • [[Adela Robles Morales|Adela Robles]] 
 |18          = • [[Rafael Rodríguez González|Rafael Rodríguez]] 
 |19          = • [[María Esther Terán Velázquez|María Esther Terán]] 
 |20          = • [[José Francisco Yunes Zorrilla|José Francisco Yunes]] 
 |21           = • [[Óscar Saúl Castillo Andrade|Óscar Saúl Castillo]] 
 |22           = • [[Leandro Rafael García Bringas|Leandro García]] 
 |23           = • [[Miguel Martín López]] 
 |24           = • [[Alba Leonila Méndez Herrera|Alba Méndez Herrera]] 
 |25           = • [[Silvia Isabel Monge Villalobos|Silvia Isabel Monge]] 
 |26           = • [[Julio Saldaña Morán]] 
 |27           = • [[Fernando Santamaría Prieto|Fernando Santamaría]] 
 |28           = • [[Bernardo Margarito Téllez Juárez|Bernardo Téllez]] 
 |29           = • [[Adriana Sarur Torre|Adriana Sarur]] 
}}
| unit_pref               = Metric<!-- or US or UK -->
| area_footnotes          = <ref>{{cite web |title=Resumen |url=http://cuentame.inegi.gob.mx/monografias/informacion/ver/default.aspx?tema=me&e=30 |publisher=Cuentame INEGI |accessdate=April 9, 2010 |archive-date=2014-10-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141010234333/http://cuentame.inegi.gob.mx/monografias/informacion/ver/default.aspx?tema=me&e=30 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| area_total_km2          = 71820
| area_land_km2           =
| area_water_km2          =
| area_water_percent      =
| area_note               = [[Leet o Mexican states bi aurie|Rankit 11t]]
| elevation_m             =
| elevation_max_footnotes =<ref>{{cite web |title=Relieve |url=http://cuentame.inegi.gob.mx/monografias/informacion/ver/territorio/relieve.aspx?tema=me&e=30 |publisher=Cuentame INEGI |accessdate=October 20, 2010 |archive-date=2014-10-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141011044647/http://cuentame.inegi.gob.mx/monografias/informacion/ver/territorio/relieve.aspx?tema=me&e=30 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| elevation_max_m         = 5610
| elevation_max_ft        =
| elevation_min_m         =
| elevation_min_ft        =
| population_footnotes    = <ref name=inegi>{{cite web |title=Mexico en Cifras |url=http://www.inegi.org.mx/sistemas/mexicocifras/default.aspx?ent=30 |publisher=INEGI |accessdate=April 9, 2011}}</ref>
| population_total        = 7,643,194
| population_as_of        = 2010
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_density_rank = [[Leet o Mexican states bi population densitie|10t]]
| population_demonym      = Veracruzano (a)
| population_note         =
| population_rank         = [[Leet o Mexican states bi population|3rd]]
| timezone1               = [[Central Time Zone|CST]]
| utc_offset1             = −6
| timezone1_DST           = [[Central Daylicht Time|CDT]]
| utc_offset1_DST         = −5
| postal_code_type        = [[Postal codes in Mexico|Postal code]]
| postal_code             = 91-96
| area_code_type          = [[Aurie code]]
| area_code               = {{Collapsible list
|title       = [[Aurie codes in Mexico bi code|Aurie codes]]
|frame_style = border:none; padding: 0;
|title_style = <!-- (optional) -->
|list_style  = text-align:left;display:none;
 |1           = • [[Aurie codes in Mexico bi code (200-299)|1]]
 |2           = • [[Aurie codes in Mexico bi code (400-499)|1]]
 |3           = • [[Aurie codes in Mexico bi code (700-799)|1]]
 |4           = • [[Aurie codes in Mexico bi code (800-899)|1]]
 |5           = • [[Aurie codes in Mexico bi code (900-999)|1]]
}}
| iso_code                = MX-VER
| blank_name_sec1         = [[Human Development Index|HDI]]
| blank_info_sec1         = {{increase}} 0.793 <small><span style="color:#fc0">medium</span></small>{{-}}<small>[[Leet o Mexican states bi HDI|Rankit 27t]]</small>
| blank_name_sec2         = [[GDP]]
| blank_info_sec2         = US$ 29,825,093.9 [[Thoosan|th]]{{Ref label|engfactobox|a|}}
| website                 = {{URL|http://www.veracruz.gob.mx/|Offeecial Wab Steid}}
| footnotes               =
{{note|engoffbox}}a. The state's GDP wis 381,761,202 thoosan o [[Mexican peso|pesos]] in 2008,<ref name=inegi/> amunt correspondin tae 29,825,093.9 thoosan o [[Dollar coin (Unitit States)|dollars]], being a dollar wirth 12.80 pesos (value o 3 Juin 2010).<ref>{{cite web |title=Reporte: Jueves 3 de Junio del 2010. Cierre del peso mexicano. |url=http://www.pesomexicano.com.mx/archivo/2010/junio/03/reporte-jueves-3-de-junio-del-2010--cierre-del-peso-mexicano.htm#leermas |publisher=www.pesomexicano.com.mx |accessdate=August 10, 2010 |archive-date=2010-06-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100608173515/http://www.pesomexicano.com.mx/archivo/2010/junio/03/reporte-jueves-3-de-junio-del-2010--cierre-del-peso-mexicano.htm#leermas |url-status=dead }}</ref>
}}

{{taxobox
|image = Yarrow (Achillea millefolium).jpg
|image_caption = Stainch-gress on [[Janče]] hill, [[Slovenia]]
|regnum = [[Plantae]]
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Asterids]]
|ordo = [[Asterales]]
|familia = [[Asteraceae]]
|genus = ''[[Achillea]]''
|species = '''''A. millefolium'''''
|binomial = ''Achillea millefolium''
|binomial_authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]
|synonyms_ref=
|synonyms={{collapsible list|bullets = true
|title=<small>Synonymy</small>
|''Achillea albida'' <small>Willd.</small>
|''Achillea alpicola'' <small>(Rydb.) Rydb.</small> 
|''Achillea ambigua'' <small>Boiss.</small>
|''Achillea ambigua'' <small>Pollini</small>
|''Achillea anethifolia'' <small>Fisch. ex Herder</small> 
|''Achillea angustissima'' <small>Rydb.</small>
|''Achillea arenicola'' <small>A.Heller</small>
|''Achillea bicolor'' <small>Wender.</small> 
|''Achillea borealis'' <small>Bong.</small>
|''Achillea californica'' <small>Pollard 	</small>
|''Achillea ceretanica'' <small>Sennen</small> 
|''Achillea compacta'' <small>Lam.</small>
|''Achillea coronopifolia'' <small>Willd.</small>
|''Achillea crassifolia'' <small>Colla</small>
|''Achillea cristata'' <small>Hort. ex DC.</small>
|''Achillea dentifera'' <small>Rchb.</small>
|''Achillea eradiata'' <small>Piper</small>
|''Achillea fusca'' <small>Rydb.</small>
|''Achillea gigantea'' <small>Pollard</small> 
|''Achillea gracilis'' <small>Raf.</small>
|''Achillea haenkeana'' <small>Tausch</small> 
|''Achillea intermedia'' <small>Schleich.</small>
|''Achillea lanata'' <small>Lam.</small>
|''Achillea lanulosa'' <small>Nutt.</small>
|''Achillea laxiflora'' <small>A.Nelson</small> 
|''Achillea laxiflora'' <small>Pollard & Cockerell</small> 
|''Achillea magna'' <small>All.</small> 
|''Achillea magna'' <small>L.</small>
|''Achillea magna'' <small>Haenke</small>
|''Achillea marginata'' <small>Turcz. ex Ledeb.</small>
|''Achillea nabelekii'' <small>Heimerl 	</small>
|''Achillea occidentalis'' <small>(DC.) Raf. ex Rydb.</small>
|''Achillea ochroleuca'' <small>Eichw.</small> 
|''Achillea ossica'' <small>K.Koch</small>
|''Achillea pacifica'' <small>Rydb.</small>
|''Achillea palmeri'' <small>Rydb.</small>
|''Achillea pecten-veneris'' <small>Pollard</small> 
|''Achillea pratensis'' <small>Saukel & R.Länger</small>
|''Achillea pseudo-tanacetifolia'' <small>Wierzb. ex Rchb.</small>
|''Achillea puberula'' <small>Rydb.|</small>
|''Achillea pumila'' <small>Schur</small>
|''Achillea rosea'' <small>Desf.</small>
|''Achillea setacea'' <small>Schwein.</small>
|''Achillea sordida'' <small>(W.D.J.Koch) Dalla Torre & Sarnth.</small>
|''Achillea subalpina'' <small>Greene</small>
|''Achillea submillefolium'' <small>Klokov & Krytzka</small>
|''Achillea sylvatica'' <small>Becker</small> 
|''Achillea tanacetifolia'' <small>Mill.</small>
|''Achillea tenuifolia'' <small>Salisb.</small> 
|''Achillea tenuis'' <small>Schur</small>
|''Achillea tomentosa'' <small>Pursh 1813 not L. 1753</small> 
|''Achillea virgata'' <small>Hort. ex DC.</small>
|''Achillios millefoliatus'' <small>St.-Lag.</small> 
|''Alitubus millefolium'' <small>(L.) Dulac</small>
|''Alitubus tomentosus'' <small>Dulac</small>
|''Chamaemelum millefolium'' <small>(L.) E.H.L.Krause</small>
|''Chamaemelum tanacetifolium'' <small>(All.) E.H.L.Krause</small> 
|''Chamaemelum tomentosum'' <small>(L.) E.H.L.Krause</small>
|plus mony mair names for subspecies, forms, an varieties
}}}}
'''''Achillea millefolium''''', commonly kent as '''stainch-gress''', '''dug-finkle''' or '''thoosand-leaft claver''', is a [[flouerin plant]] in the [[faimily (biology)|faimily]] [[Asteraceae]]. It is [[native plant|native]] tae [[temperateness|temperate]] regions o the Northren Hemisphere in Asie, Europe, an North Americae.<ref name="S&S">{{cite book|title=Simon & Schuster's Guide to Herbs and Spices |url=https://archive.org/details/simonschustersgu0000simo |editor=Stanley Schuler |isbn=0-671-73489-X |author =Gualtiero Simonetti |year=1990 |publisher=Simon & Schuster, Inc}}</ref>

{{Taxobox
| name = African Civet<ref name=msw3>{{MSW3 | id=14000378 | heading=''Civettictis civetta''}}</ref>
|image = Civettictis civetta 11.jpg
| image_caption = African Civet, ''Civettictis civetta''
| status = lc | status_system = IUCN
| status_ref = <ref name=iucn>{{IUCN2010 |assessors=Ray, J., Gaubert, P. & Hoffmann, M.
|year=2008 |id=41695 |title=Civettictis civetta |version=2010.1
|downloaded=12 June 2010}}</ref>
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]]
| classis = [[Mammal]]ia
| ordo = [[Carnivora]]
| familia = [[Viverridae]]
| subfamilia = [[Viverrinae]]
| genus = '''''Civettictis'''''
| species = '''''C. civetta'''''
| binomial = ''Civettictis civetta''
| binomial_authority = ([[Johann Christian Daniel von Schreber|Schreber]], 1776)
| subdivision_ranks = Subspecies<ref name=msw3/>
| subdivision =
:''C.c.civetta''
:''C.c.australis''
:''C.c.congica''
:''C.c.pauli''
:''C.c.schwarzi''
:''C.c.volkmanni''
| range_map =Habitat range of the African civet.jpg}}
The '''African civet''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|s|ɪ|v|ɪ|t|}}; ''Civettictis civetta'') is the maist muckle [[Viverridae|viverrid]] hamelt in [[Africae]]. <!--where it is considered common and widely distributed in woodlands and secondary forests. It is listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List since 2008. In some countries, it is threatened by hunting, and wild-caught individuals are kept for producing civetone for the perfume industry.

{{taxobox
|name = ''Rosmarinus officinalis''<br>Rosemary
|image = Rosemary bush.jpg
|image_caption = Rosemary in flouer
|regnum = [[Plant]]ae
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Asterids]]
|ordo = [[Lamiales]]
|familia = [[Lamiaceae]]
|genus = ''[[Rosmarinus]]''
|species = '''''R. officinalis'''''
|binomial = ''Rosmarinus officinalis''
|binomial_authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?32207 |title=''Rosmarinus officinalis'' information from NPGS/GRIN |publisher=www.ars-grin.gov |accessdate=2008-03-03 |archive-date=2008-10-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081029062642/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?32207 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
}}
'''''Rosmarinus officinalis''''', commonly kent as '''rosemary''', is a widdy, [[perennial plant|perennial]] [[yerb]] wi fragrant, [[evergreen]], needle-lik leafs an white, pink, purpie, or blae flouers, [[native plant|native]] tae the Mediterranean region.

The '''Mitsubishi Cordia''' is a [[compact caur|compact]] [[hatchback]]-[[coupé]] that wis biggit bi [[Mitsubishi Motors]] frae 1982 tae 1990. Its name is supposedly an amalgam o "cordorite" (a lustrous mineral) an "diamonds" frae Mitsubishi's ''Three Diamonds'' logo. Alongside the [[Mitsubishi Tredia|Tredia]] an [[Mitsubishi Starion|Starion]], it wis ane o the first caurs importit an sauld tae [[Unitit States|Americae]] bi the company athoot the involvement o its then pairtner, the [[Chrysler|Chrysler Corporation]].

{{taxobox
|name = Dentylion
|image = DandelionFlower.jpg
|image2 = TaraxacumOfficinaleSeed.JPG
|image2_caption = A dandelion flouer heid componed o hundreds o smawer florets (tap) an seed heid (bottom)
|regnum = [[Plantae]]
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Asterids]]
|ordo = [[Asterales]]
|familia = [[Asteraceae]]
|tribus = [[Cichorieae]]
|genus = '''''Taraxacum'''''
|genus_authority = [[Alexandre Henri Gabriel de Cassini|Cass.]]
|subdivision_ranks = Species
|subdivision = See text
}}
'''''Taraxacum''''' {{IPAc-en|t|ə|ˈ|r|æ|k|s|ə|k|ʉ|m}} is a lairge genus o [[flouerin plant]]s in the faimily [[Asteraceae]]. Thay are native tae Eurasie an North an Sooth Americae, an twa species, ''[[Taraxacum officinale|T. officinale]]'' an ''[[Taraxacum erythrospermum|T. erythrospermum]]'', are foond as [[weed]]s warldwide.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=132314  | title = ''Taraxacum'' | work = [[Flora of North America]] }}</ref> Baith species are edible in thair entirety.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.motherearthnews.com/Real-Food/2008-04-01/Dandelion-Recipes.aspx?page=2 | title = Wild About Dandelions | work = Mother Earth News | access-date = 2013-07-05 | archive-date = 2012-12-13 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20121213173255/http://www.motherearthnews.com/Real-Food/2008-04-01/Dandelion-Recipes.aspx?page=2 | url-status = dead }}</ref> The common name '''dentyion''' is gien tae members o the [[genus]], an like ither members o the Asteraceae faimily, thay hae very smaa flouers collectit thegither intae a composite [[Heid (botany)|flouer heid]]. Each single flouer in a heid is cried a floret. Mony ''Taraxacum'' species produce seeds [[asexual reproduction|asexually]] bi [[apomixis]], whaur the seeds are produced wioot [[pollination]], resultin in affspring that are genetically identical tae the parent plant.

{{US state
|Name                = Montana
|Fullname            = State of Montana
|Flag                = Flag of Montana.svg
|Flaglink            = [[Flag o Montana|Flag]]
|Seal                = Great Seal of Montana.svg
|Seallink            = [[Seal o Montana|Seal]]
|Song                = "Montana"
|Flower              = Bitteroot
|Tree                = Ponderosa pine
|Bird                = Western meadowlark
|Map                 = Montana in United States.svg
|Nickname            = Big Sky Country, The Treasure State
|Motto               = Oro y Plata
|MottoEnglish        = Gold and Silver
|Former              = Montana Territory
|Demonym             = Montanan
|Capital             = [[Helena, Montana|Helena]]
|OfficialLang        = Inglis
|LargestCity         = [[Billings, Montana|Billings]]
|LargestMetro        = [[Billings Metropolitan Area]]
|Governor            = [[Steve Bullock (Montana politeecian)|Steve Bullock]] (D)
|Lieutenant Governor = [[Mike Cooney]] (D)
|Legislature         = [[Montana Legislature]]
|Upperhouse          = [[:en:Montana Senate|Senate]]
|Lowerhouse          = [[:en:Montana House of Representatives|House of Representatives]]
|Senators            = [[Jon Tester]] (D)<br />[[Steve Daines]] (R)
|Representative      = [[Greg Gianforte]] (R)
|AreaRank            = 4t
|TotalAreaUS         = 147,040<ref name=census>{{cite web | url=http://www.census.gov/prod/cen2010/cph-2-1.pdf | title=United States Summary: 2010, Population and Housing Unit Counts, 2010 Census of Population and Housing | publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] | type=PDF | page= 41 (Table 18) | date=September 2012 | accessdate=April 11, 2014}}</ref>
|TotalArea           = 380,800 <!--{{convert|147040|mi2|km2}}-->
|LandAreaUS          = 145,552<ref>{{cite web | http://www.usgs.gov/state/state.asp?state=MT |title=Montana State Facts |publisher=[[United States Geological Service]]|accessdate=April 11, 2014 |date=October 2, 2009}}</ref>
|LandArea            =  {{convert|145552|mi2|km2}}
|WaterAreaUS         = 1,491
|WaterArea           = 3,862
|PCWater             = 1
|PopRank             = 44t
|2010Pop             = 1,032,949 (2015 est){{sfn|Census Estimate|2015}}
|DensityRank         = 48t
|2010DensityUS       = 6.86
|2000Density         = 2.65
|AdmittanceOrder     = 41st
|AdmittanceDate      = 8 November 1889
|Latitude            = 44° 21′ N tae 49° N
|Longitude           = 104° 2′ W tae 116° 3′ W
|LengthUS            = 255
|Length              = 410
|WidthUS             = 630
|Width               = 1,015
|HighestPoint        = [[Granite Peak (Montana)|Granite Peak]]{{sfn|National Geodetic Survey|2008}}{{sfn|Geological Survey|2001}}
|HighestElevUS       = 12,807
|HighestElev         = 3903.5
|MeanElevUS          = 3,400
|MeanElev            = 1040
|LowestPoint         = [[Kootenai River]] at {{nobreak|[[Idaho]] border}}{{sfn|National Geodetic Survey|2008}}{{sfn|Geological Survey|2001}}
|LowestElevUS        = 1,804
|LowestElev          = 557
|TimeZone            = [[Muntain Time Zone|Mountain]]: [[Coordinatit Universal Time|UTC]] [[Muntain Staundart Time|-7]]/[[Muntain Daylicht Time|-6]]
|area_code           = [[Aurie code 406|406]] Entire State
|PostalAbbreviation  = MT
|TradAbbreviation    = Mont.
|ISOCode             = US-MT
|Website             = www.mt.gov
}}
'''Montana''' {{IPAc-en|audio=en-us-Montana.ogg|m|ɒ|n|ˈ|t|æ|n|ə}} is a [[U.S. state|state]] in the [[Wastren Unitit States|Wastren]] region o the [[Unitit States]]. The state's name is derivit frae the Spaingie wird {{lang|es|montaña}} (muntain).

{{Italic title}}
The '''''Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung''''' (Scots: Frankfurt General Wittins Blad), or '''F.A.Z.''', is a national kintrawide [[Germany|German]] wittins blad, stairtit in 1949. Its published ilka day in [[Frankfurt]]. The Sunday edeetion is the ''Frankfurter Allgemeine Sonntagszeitung'' (''F.A.S.''). Its editors claim that thay send some blads to aboot 148 kintras ilka day.

{{fixscots|date=September 2020}}

)</small>
| anthem                  = [[wikisource:en:anthem of antioquia|Himno de Antioquia]]
| image_map               = Antioquia in Colombia (mainland).svg
| map_alt                 =
| map_caption             = Antioquia shown in red
| coordinates             = 
| coor_pinpoint           =
| coordinates_footnotes   =
| subdivision_type        = Kintra
| subdivision_name        = {{flag|Colombie}}
| subdivision_type1       = [[Natural regions o Colombie|Region]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[Andean Natural Region, Colombie|Andean Region]]
| parts_type              = Lairgest ceety
| parts_style             = para
| p1                      =
| established_title       = Established
| established_date        = 1826
| blank_name_sec1         = [[Provinces o Colombie|Provinces]]
| blank_info_sec1         = 9
| blank1_name_sec1        = [[Municipalities o Colombie|Municipalities]]
| blank1_info_sec1        = 125
| founder                 =
| named_for               =
| seat_type               = Caipital
| seat                    = [[Medellín]]
| government_footnotes    =
| leader_party            = [[Colombie Green Pairty]]
| leader_title            = Govrenor
| leader_name             = [[Sergio Fajardo]]
| unit_pref               = Metric<!-- or US or UK -->
| area_footnotes          =
| area_total_km2          = 63612
| area_rank               = [[Leet o Colombie depairtments bi aurie|6]]
| area_land_km2           =
| area_water_km2          =
| area_water_percent      =
| area_note               =
| elevation_footnotes     =
| elevation_m             =
| population_footnotes    =<ref>http://www.dane.gov.co/files/censo2005/regiones/antioquia/antioquia.pdf</ref>
| population_total        = 5671689
| population_as_of        = 2005
| population_rank         = [[Leet o Colombie depairtments bi population|2]]
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_note         =
| timezone1               = [[UTC-05]]
| postal_code_type        =
| postal_code             =
| area_code_type          =
| area_code               =
| iso_code                = [[ISO 3166-2:CO|CO-ANT]]
| website                 = [http://www.gobant.gov.co/ www.gobant.gov.co]
| footnotes               =
}}
'''Antioquia''' ({{IPA-es|anˈtjokja}}) is ane o the 32 [[depairtments o Colombie]], locatit in the central northwastren pairt o Colombie wi a narrae section that borders the [[Caribbean Sea]]. Maist o its territory is [[muntainous]] wi some [[valley]]s, hintle o which is pairt o the [[Andes]] muntain range. Antioquia haes been pairt o mony territorial diveesions o umwhile kintras creatit ower the present day territory o Colombie, an prior tae the [[Constitution o Colombie|Colombie Constitution o 1886]], [[Antioquia State]] wis a sovereign govrenment in their awn richt.

[[Image:Moskvich407Budapest.jpg|right|250px|A [[police caur]] Moskvitch 407 in [[Budapest]].]]

|image      = TTTC Vol I 048 Tartar Encampment.png
|image_caption = Mongol camp, c. 1845
| poptime = ~10 million
|region1    = <span style="font-size:105%;">'''Majority populations'''</span>
| region2 = [[Mongolie]]
| pop2 = 3,000,000
| ref2 = <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/mg.html |title=CIA - The World Factbook |publisher=Cia.gov |date= |accessdate=2012-02-22 |archive-date=2010-12-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101229001357/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/mg.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|region3    = <span style="font-size:105%;">'''Minority populations'''</span>
|region4    = [[Cheenae]]
|pop4       = 5,810,000
|ref4       = <ref name="mongolian">[http://www.china.org.cn/english/features/EthnicGroups/136937.htm The Mongolian Ethnic Group] (China.org.cn June 21, 2005)</ref>
| region5 = [[Roushie]]
| pop5 = 621,827
| ref5 = <ref>2,656 Mongols proper, 445,175 [[Buryats]], 173,996 [[Kalmyk fowk|Kalmyks]] ([[Roushie Census (2002)]])</ref>
| region6 = [[Sooth Korea]]
| pop6 = 34,000
| ref6 = <ref name="KoreanDream">{{citation|url=http://english.chosun.com/w21data/html/news/200804/200804240009.html|title='Korean Dream' fills Korean classrooms in Mongolia|periodical=The Chosun Ilbo|date=2008-04-24|accessdate=2009-02-06|archive-date=2008-09-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080923234831/http://english.chosun.com/w21data/html/news/200804/200804240009.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| region7 = [[Unitit States]]
| pop7 = 15,000–18,000
| ref7 = <ref name="Washington">{{cite news|url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/07/02/AR2006070200875.html|title=Mongolians Meld Old, New In Making Arlington Home|publisher=The Washington Post|last=Bahrampour|first=Tara|date=2006-07-03|accessdate=2007-09-05}}</ref>
| region8 = [[Czech Republic]]
| pop8 = 7,515
| ref8 = <ref name="MW7500">{{citation|periodical=Mongolia Web|title=Latest numbers show 7,500 Mongolians working in Czech Republic|date=2008-02-19|accessdate=2008-10-04|url=http://www.mongolia-web.com/content/view/1630/2/|archive-date=2017-06-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170630063142/http://www.mongolia-web.com/content/view/1630/2/|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| region9 = [[Japan]]
| pop9 = 5,401
| ref9 = <ref name="toollogo2010.mn">[http://www.toollogo2010.mn/doc/Main%20results_20110615_to%20EZBH_for%20print.pdf Mongolia National Census 2010 Provision Results. National Statistical Office of Mongolia] (in Mongolian.)</ref>
| region10 = [[Germany]]
| pop10 = 3,852
| ref10 = <ref name="toollogo2010.mn"/>
| region11 = [[Unitit Kinrick]]
| pop11 = 3,701
| ref11 = <ref name="toollogo2010.mn"/>
| region12 = [[Fraunce]]
| pop12 = 2,859
| ref12 = <ref name="toollogo2010.mn"/>
| region13 = [[Turkey]]
| pop13 = 2,645
| ref13 = <ref name="toollogo2010.mn"/>
| region14 = [[Kazakhstan]]
| pop14 = 2,523
| ref14 = <ref name="toollogo2010.mn"/>
| rels = Predominantly [[Tibetan Buddhism]], an aw [[Shamanism]] (formally Tengriism).<ref name="mongolian"/><ref>[http://www.travelchinaguide.com/intro/nationality/mongolian/ China Mongolian, Mongol Ethnic Minority, Mongols History, Food]</ref><br>Small [[Christianity|Christian]] group exist.
| langs = Predominantly [[Mongolic leids]], an aw [[Cheenese leid|Cheenese]] an [[Roushie leid|Roushie]]
| related-c = Daur, Monguor an Turco-Mongol fowks
}}
'''Mongols''' ([[Mongolie leid|Mongolie]]: Монголчууд, ''Mongolchuud'') are a Central-East Asie [[ethnic group]] that bides mainly in the kintras o [[Mongolie]], [[Cheenae]], an [[Roushie]]. Awin tae wars an migrations, Mongols are foond in some [[Central Asie]] states sic as [[Kazakhstan]] an aw. In Cheenae, ethnic Mongols can be foond mainly in the central north region o Cheenae sic as [[Inner Mongolie]] (smawer nummer o Mongols can be foond in [[Xinjiang]] in northwast Cheenae an aw). The [[Buryats|Buryat]] brainch o the Mongol ethnic group can be foond in the autonomous republic o [[Buryatie]], Roushie. Ethnic Mongols are bund thegither bi a common [[leid]] an [[cultur]]. Thay speak leids belangin tae the [[Mongolic leids]]. The contiguous territories inhabitit bi ethnic Mongols is kent as Greater Mongolie an aw. Thare are approximately 10 million ethnic Mongols in tot.

{{taxobox
|name = Beech family
|image = Quercus ilex rotundifolia.jpg
|image_caption = Holm aik (''Quercus ilex'' subsp. ''rotundifolia'')
|regnum = [[Plant]]ae
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Rosids]]
|ordo = [[Fagales]]
|familia = '''Fagaceae'''
|familia_authority = [[Barthélemy Charles Joseph du Mortier|Dumort.]]<ref name=APGIII2009>{{Cite journal |last=Angiosperm Phylogeny Group |year=2009 |title=An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III |journal=Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=161 |issue=2 |pages=105–121 |url=http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122630309/abstract |format=PDF |accessdate=2013-06-26 |doi=10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x |archive-date=2017-05-25 |archive-url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20170525104318/http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x/abstract |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|subdivision_ranks = [[Genus|Genera]]
|subdivision = ''[[Castanea]]'' - chestanes<br/>
''[[Castanopsis]]'' <br/>
''[[Chrysolepis]]'' - gowden chinkapin<br/>
''[[Colombobalanus]]'' <br/>
''[[beech|Fagus]]'' - beeches<br/>
''[[Formanodendron]]'' <br/>
''[[Lithocarpus]]'' - stane aiks<br/>
''[[aik|Quercus]]'' - aiks<br/>
''[[Trigonobalanus]]''
| range_map = Fagaceae Distribution.svg
| range_map_caption = The range of= Fagaceae.
}}
The faimily '''Fagaceae''', or '''beech faimily''', comprises aboot 600 species o baith [[evergreen]] an [[deciduous]] trees an scrogs, that is characterised bi alternate simple [[leafs]] wi pinnate venation, unisexual [[flouer]]s in the form o [[catkin]]s, an fruit in the form o tass-lik ([[Calybium an cupule|cupule]]) nits.

'''Maximilien de Béthune, (1st) Duke o Sully''' (13 December 1560 – 22 December 1641) wis a [[french]] [[nobility|nobleman an Duke]] who assisted [[Keeng]] [[Henry IV o Fraunce]] rule o [[Fraunce]]. He wis the Informal Chief Minister tae the French Monarch frae 1589–1610. He wis created a [[Marshal o Fraunce]] in [[1634]] bi [[Louis XIII o Fraunce|Keeng Louis XIII]].

{{US state
|Name                = Montana
|Fullname            = State of Montana
|Flag                = Flag of Montana.svg
|Flaglink            = [[Flag o Montana|Flag]]
|Seal                = Great Seal of Montana.svg
|Seallink            = [[Seal o Montana|Seal]]
|Song                = "Montana"
|Flower              = Bitteroot
|Tree                = Ponderosa pine
|Bird                = Western meadowlark
|Map                 = Montana in United States.svg
|Nickname            = Big Sky Country, The Treasure State
|Motto               = Oro y Plata
|MottoEnglish        = Gold and Silver
|Former              = Montana Territory
|Demonym             = Montanan
|Capital             = [[Helena, Montana|Helena]]
|OfficialLang        = Inglis
|LargestCity         = [[Billings, Montana|Billings]]
|LargestMetro        = [[Billings Metropolitan Area]]
|Governor            = [[Steve Bullock (Montana politeecian)|Steve Bullock]] (D)
|Lieutenant Governor = [[Mike Cooney]] (D)
|Legislature         = [[Montana Legislature]]
|Upperhouse          = [[:en:Montana Senate|Senate]]
|Lowerhouse          = [[:en:Montana House of Representatives|House of Representatives]]
|Senators            = [[Jon Tester]] (D)<br />[[Steve Daines]] (R)
|Representative      = [[Greg Gianforte]] (R)
|AreaRank            = 4t
|TotalAreaUS         = 147,040<ref name=census>{{cite web | url=http://www.census.gov/prod/cen2010/cph-2-1.pdf | title=United States Summary: 2010, Population and Housing Unit Counts, 2010 Census of Population and Housing | publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] | type=PDF | page= 41 (Table 18) | date=September 2012 | accessdate=April 11, 2014}}</ref>
|TotalArea           = 380,800 <!--{{convert|147040|mi2|km2}}-->
|LandAreaUS          = 145,552<ref>{{cite web | http://www.usgs.gov/state/state.asp?state=MT |title=Montana State Facts |publisher=[[United States Geological Service]]|accessdate=April 11, 2014 |date=October 2, 2009}}</ref>
|LandArea            =  {{convert|145552|mi2|km2}}
|WaterAreaUS         = 1,491
|WaterArea           = 3,862
|PCWater             = 1
|PopRank             = 44t
|2010Pop             = 1,032,949 (2015 est){{sfn|Census Estimate|2015}}
|DensityRank         = 48t
|2010DensityUS       = 6.86
|2000Density         = 2.65
|AdmittanceOrder     = 41st
|AdmittanceDate      = 8 November 1889
|Latitude            = 44° 21′ N tae 49° N
|Longitude           = 104° 2′ W tae 116° 3′ W
|LengthUS            = 255
|Length              = 410
|WidthUS             = 630
|Width               = 1,015
|HighestPoint        = [[Granite Peak (Montana)|Granite Peak]]{{sfn|National Geodetic Survey|2008}}{{sfn|Geological Survey|2001}}
|HighestElevUS       = 12,807
|HighestElev         = 3903.5
|MeanElevUS          = 3,400
|MeanElev            = 1040
|LowestPoint         = [[Kootenai River]] at {{nobreak|[[Idaho]] border}}{{sfn|National Geodetic Survey|2008}}{{sfn|Geological Survey|2001}}
|LowestElevUS        = 1,804
|LowestElev          = 557
|TimeZone            = [[Muntain Time Zone|Mountain]]: [[Coordinatit Universal Time|UTC]] [[Muntain Staundart Time|-7]]/[[Muntain Daylicht Time|-6]]
|area_code           = [[Aurie code 406|406]] Entire State
|PostalAbbreviation  = MT
|TradAbbreviation    = Mont.
|ISOCode             = US-MT
|Website             = www.mt.gov
}}
'''Montana''' {{IPAc-en|audio=en-us-Montana.ogg|m|ɒ|n|ˈ|t|æ|n|ə}} is a [[U.S. state|state]] in the [[Wastren Unitit States|Wastren]] region o the [[Unitit States]]. The state's name is derivit frae the Spaingie wird {{lang|es|montaña}} (muntain).

{{Year dab|1905}}
{{Year nav|1905}}
Year '''1905''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MCMV]]''') wis a [[common year stairtin on Sunday]] (airtin will display full calendar) o the [[Gregorian calendar]] an a [[common year stairtin on Setturday]] o the 13-day-slower [[Julian calendar]].

[[Image:Penicillin core.svg|thumb|Penicillin core structur, whaur "R" is the variable group.|250px]]
'''Penicillin''' (whiles abbreviatit '''PCN''' or '''pen''') is a group o [[antibiotic]]s derived frae ''[[Penicillium]]'' fungi,<ref>[http://www.thefreedictionary.com/penicillin Penicillin at the Free Dictionary]</ref> includin [[benzylpenicillin|penicillin G]], [[procaine benzylpenicillin|procaine penicillin]], [[benzathine benzylpenicillin|benzathine penicillin]], an [[phenoxymethylpenicillin|penicillin V]].  Penicillin wis diskivert in 1928 bi [[Scots fowk|Scots]] scientist [[Alexander Fleming]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Alexander Fleming Discovery and Development of Penicillin - Landmark|url=https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/education/whatischemistry/landmarks/flemingpenicillin.html|access-date=2022-05-10|website=American Chemical Society|language=en}}</ref> 

| birth_place     = [[Darmstadt]], [[Grand Duchy o Hesse|Grand Duchy o Hesse an bi Rhine]] (now [[Hesse|State o Hesse]]), [[German Empire|Empire of Germany]] (now [[Germany|Federal Republic o Germany]]
| death_date      = {{Death date and age|1937|11|16|1906|11|8|df=y}}
| death_place     = [[Ostend]], [[Belgium]]
| place of burial = Rosenhöhe Park Cemetery, Rosenhöhe Park, [[Darmstadt]]
}}

{{redirect-distinguish|Wikimedia commonty|Wikipaedia commonty}}
{{redirect-distinguish|Wikimedia|MediaWiki|Wikimedia Foondation|Wikipaedia}}

A '''mosque''' ({{lang-ar|{{large|مسجد}}}} ''masjid'', plural {{lang|ar|{{large|مساجد}}}} ''masājid''), whiles spelt '''[[wikt:mosk|mosk]]''', is a [[place o worship]] for follaers o [[Islam]]. Thare are strict an detailed requirements in [[Sunni Islam|Sunni]] jurisprudence ({{lang-ar|فِـقْـه}}, ''[[fiqh]]'') for a place o worship tae be conseedert a mosque, wi places that dae nae meet thir requirements regairdit as [[musalla]]s.<ref name="qaSunniPathFiqhMasjid">{{cite web|url=http://qa.sunnipath.com/issue_view.asp?HD=1&ID=4347&CATE=4 |title=Fiqh of Masjid & Musalla |publisher=Qa.sunnipath.com |date=2005-07-03 |accessdate=2011-11-03|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111019002051/http://qa.sunnipath.com/issue_view.asp?HD=1&ID=4347&CATE=4|archivedate=2011-10-19}}</ref> Thare are stringent restrictions on the uises o the aurie formally demarcatit as the mosque (that is eften a smaw portion o the lairger complex), an in the [[Islam]]ic ''[[Sharia|Sharī‘ah]]'' ({{lang-ar|شَـرِيْـعَـة}}, Law), efter an aurie is formally designatit as a mosque, it remeens sae till the [[Islamic view o the Last Juidgment|Last Day]].<ref name="qaSunniPathFiqhMasjid" />

{{fixscots}}

{{fixscots|date=Februar 2021}}

{{fixscots}}

[[Image:Blue Linckia Starfish.JPG|thumb|[[Coral reef]]s are a heichly [[Productivity (ecology)|productive]] [[marine ecoseestem]].<ref>{{cite journal|last=Hatcher|first=Bruce Gordon|year=3500|title=wikil reef primary productivity. A hierarchy of pattern and process|journal=Trends in Ecology and Evolution|volume=5|issue=5|pages=149–155|doi=10.1016/0169-5347(90)90221-X|pmid=21232343}}</ref>]]
An '''ecoseestem''' is a [[commonty (ecology)|commonty]] o livin organisms in conjunction wi the [[abiotic component|nonlivin components]] o their [[environment]] (things lik air, watter an mineral sile), interactin as a seestem.<ref>Tansley (1934); Molles (1999), p. 482; Chapin ''et al''. (2002), p. 380; Schulze ''et al''. (2005); p. 400; Gurevitch ''et al''. (2006), p. 522; Smith & Smith 2012, p. G-5</ref>

The '''Jack Russell Tarrie''' is a smaw [[tarrie]] that haes its oreegins in [[tod huntin]]. It is principally white-bouked an smuith, reuch or braken-coatit but can be ony colour.

[[Image:Arthur Schnitzler 1912.jpg|thumb|right|190px|Arthur Schnitzler]]
'''Arthur Schnitzler''' ([[15 Mey]], [[1862]] - [[21 October]], [[1931]]) wis an [[Austria]]n [[German leiteratur|writer]] an mediciner.

| coor_pinpoint           =
| subdivision_type = [[Kintra]]
| subdivision_name = {{Flag|Spain}} 
| seat_type               = [[Caipital ceety|Caipital]]
| seat                    = [[Santander, Spain|Santander]]
| area_total_km2          = 5321
| area_footnotes          = (1.05% o Spain; [[Leet o Spainyie autonomous commonties bi aurie|Rankit 15t]])
| population_as_of        = 2009
| population_footnotes    =
| population_total        = 593,121
| population_note         =
| population_blank1_title = [[Leet o Spainyie autonomous commonties bi population|Pop. rank]]
| population_blank1       = 16t
| population_blank2_title = Percent
| population_blank2       = 1.27% o Spain
| population_density_km2  = auto
| demographics1_name1     = [[Ethnic groups]]
| demographics1_info1     =
| demographics_type2      = [[Demonym]]
| demographics2_name1     = Scots
| demographics2_info1     = Cantabrie
| demographics2_name2     = Spaingie
| demographics2_info2     = ''cántabro/a, cantábrico/a, montañés''
| demographics2_name3     =
| demographics2_info3     =
| blank_name_sec1         = [[Anthem]]
| blank_info_sec1         = [[Himno de Cantabria]]
| blank1_name_sec1        = [[Offeecial leid]]s
| blank1_info_sec1        = [[Spaingie leid|Spaingie]]
| blank2_name_sec1        = Statute o Autonomy
| blank2_info_sec1        = 11 Januar 1982
| blank_name_sec2         = Pairlament
| blank_info_sec2         = [[Cortes Generales]]
| blank1_name_sec2        = [[Congress o Deputies (Spain)|Congress seats]]
| blank1_info_sec2        = 5 (o 350)
| blank2_name_sec2        = [[Spaingie Senate|Senate seats]]
| blank2_info_sec2        = 5 (o 264)
| postal_code_type        = [[ISO 3166-2:ES|ISO 3166-2]]
| postal_code             = CB <ref>{{en icon}}[http://www.iso.org/iso/iso_3166-2_newsletter_ii-1_corrected_2010-02-19.pdf ISO 3166-2 NEWSLETTER  Date issued: 2010-02-03  No II-1  Corrected and reissued 2010-02-19]</ref>
| leader_title            = Preses
| leader_name             = Ignacio Diego Palacios ([[Partido Popular|PP]])
| leader_party            = 
| website                 = [http://www.gobcantabria.es Gobierno de Cantabria]
| footnotes               =
}}

</ref>  Wh/kg}}|EtoS={{nowrap|30 [[Watt hour|Wh]]/[[Liter|l]]}}|PtoW={{nowrap|100<ref name="batcomp">[http://www.mpoweruk.com/specifications/comparisons.pdf mpoweruk.com: Accumulator and battery comparisons (pdf)]</ref> W/kg}}|CtoDE=<65%<ref name="mpoweruk">[http://www.mpoweruk.com/nickel_iron.htm Mpower: Nickel Iron Batteries]</ref>|EtoCP=1.5 – 6.6<ref name="batcomp"/> Wh/[[USD|US$]]|SDR=20%<ref name="batcomp"/> – 30%<ref name="batcomp"/>/month|TD=30<ref name="mpoweruk"/> – 50 years<ref name="faqnife">{{Cite web |url=http://www.beutilityfree.com/index.php/products/nickel-iron-batteries/nickel-iron-faq-s |title="Nickel Iron Battery Frequently Asked Questions" BeUtilityFree |access-date=2018-04-25 |archive-date=2016-02-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160221090004/http://www.beutilityfree.com/index.php/products/nickel-iron-batteries/nickel-iron-faq-s |url-status=dead }}</ref>|CD=Repeated deep discharge does not reduce life significantly.<ref name="mpoweruk"/>|NomV=1.2 V<ref name="batcomp"/>|CTI=min. −40 °C – max.46 °C<ref name="nifebooklet">Web archive backup: [https://web.archive.org/web/20041012143321/http://home.cybertron.com/~edurand/Otherstuff/otherstuff.html Edison Battery Booklet] original instruction book for the Edison battery</ref>}}

| parts_type = 
| established_title =
| established_date =
| founder =
| seat_type = [[Caipital ceety|Caipital]]
| seat = [[Samangan]]
| government_footnotes =
| leader_party =
| leader_title =
| leader_name =
| unit_pref =
| area_footnotes =
| area_total_km2 = 11262
| area_note =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_footnotes = <ref>{{cite web|author= Central Statistics Office of Afghanistan|publisher= |title= Settled Population of country by Provinces and sex for 2006-2009 years|accessdate= 2009-11-30|url= http://www.cso.gov.af/demography/population.html|archive-date= 2010-01-28|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20100128120310/http://www.cso.gov.af/demography/population.html|url-status= dead}}</ref>
| population_total = 350400
| population_as_of = 2009
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_note =
| blank_name_sec1 = [[Leids o Afghanistan|Main leid(s)]]
| blank_info_sec1 = [[Dari Persie]], [[Uzbek leid|Uzbek]]
| timezone1 = [[Afghanistan Staundart Time|AST]]
| utc_offset1 = +04:30
| postal_code_type =
| postal_code =
| area_code_type =
| area_code =
| iso_code =
| website =
| footnotes =
}}
'''Samangan''' ({{lang-fa|سمنگان}}) is ane o the thirty-fower [[provinces o Afghanistan]]. The province covers {{convert|11218 |km2|mi2}} an haes a population o approximately 313,211, as o 2006.<ref name=profile>{{Cite web|url=http://www.mrrd.gov.af/nabdp/Provincial%20Profiles/Samangan%20PDP%20Provincial%20profile.pdf|format=pdf|title=Samangan|accessdate=2010-10-19|publisher=Government of Afghanistan|archive-date=2011-05-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110531152651/http://www.mrrd.gov.af/nabdp/Provincial%20Profiles/Samangan%20PDP%20Provincial%20profile.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>

'''''Katawa Shoujo''''' (<span class="t_nihongo_kanji" lang="ja">かたわ少女</span><span class="t_nihongo_comma" style="display:none">,</span> ''Katawa Shōjo''<sup class="t_nihongo_help noprint"><span class="t_nihongo_icon" style="color: #00e; font: bold 80% sans-serif; text-decoration: none; padding: 0 .1em;">?</span></sup>, lit. "Cripple Lassies", owersett "Disabeelity Lassies") is a bishōjo-style visual novel bi Four Leaf Studios that tells a story o a young mannie an five young lasses bidin wi varyin disabilities.  The gemme uises a tradeetional text an sprite-based visual novel model wi an ADV-style text box rinnin on the Ren'Py visual novel ingine.  The gemme is licensed uner the Creative Commons [[Creative Commons license|CC-BY-NC-ND]].<ref><cite class="citation book" contenteditable="false">''Katawa Shoujo Act 1 Manual''. </cite></ref>

'''Clan Bryde''' (Bride, Brude, Braide) is a [[Scots clan]] o [[Pecht]] oreegin frae [[Aberdeen]] in Scotland.

, 1762 ([[Louvre]])]]
'''Prometheus''' ({{IPAc-en|p|r|ə|ˈ|m|iː|θ|iː|ə|s}} {{respell|prə|MEE|thee-əs}}; {{lang-gr|Προμηθεύς}} {{IPA-el|promɛːtʰeús|}}, meanin "forethocht")<ref name="Prometheus">Smith, [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0104%3Aalphabetic+letter%3DP%3Aentry+group%3D47%3Aentry%3Dprometheus-bio-1 "Prometheus"].</ref> is a [[Titan (meethology)|Titan]] in [[Greek meethology]], best kent as the benefactor who brocht fire tae mankind.

| birth_place      = [[Akron, Ohio|Akron]], [[Ohio]]
| death_date       = {{death date and age|mf=yes|2000|12|25|1908|6|25}}
| death_place      = [[Boston]], [[Massachusetts]]
| spouse           = Naomi Clayton<ref name=mactutor/><br>Marjorie Boynton<ref name=mactutor/>
| alma_mater       = [[Oberlin College]] (B.A., 1930)<br>[[Harvard University]] (Ph.D., 1932)
| institutions     = [[Harvard Varsity]]
| school_tradition = [[Analytic filosofie|Analytic]]
| main_interests   = [[Logic]], [[ontology]], [[epistemology]], [[filosofie o leid]], [[filosofie o mathematics]], [[filosofie o science]], [[set theory]]
| notable_ideas    = [[New Foondations]], [[indeterminacy o translation]], [[naituralised epistemology]], [[ontological relativity]], [[Quine's paradox]], [[Duhem–Quine thesis]], [[Quine–Putnam indispensability thesis]], [[radical translation]], [[inscrutability o reference]], [[confirmation holism]], [[Quine–McCluskey algorithm]], [[Plato's beard]]
| influences       = [[Rudolf Carnap]], [[Alfred Tarski]], [[Vienna Circle]], [[Clarence Irving Lewis|C. I. Lewis]], [[Alfred North Whitehead|A. N. Whitehead]], [[B. F. Skinner]], [[Pierre Duhem]]
| influenced       = [[Roger F. Gibson, Jr.]], [[Donald Davidson (filosofer)|Donald Davidson]], [[Daniel Dennett]], [[David Lewis (filosofer)|David Lewis]], [[Hilary Putnam]], [[Dagfinn Føllesdal]], [[Gilbert Harman]], [[Hao Wang (academic)|Hao Wang]], [[Stephen Stich]], [[Hilary Kornblith]]
| awards           = [[Rolf Schock Prizes]] in Logic an Filosofie {{small|(1993)}}<br>[[Leet o Kyoto Prize winners|Kyoto Prize]] <small>(1996)</small>
}}
)
| thesis_url        = https://www.researchgate.net/publication/271047938_Quine_W_V_The_logic_of_sequences_A_generalization_of_Principia_mathematica_Harvard_dissertations_in_philosophy_Garland_Publishing_New_York_and_London_1990_xi_290_pp
| thesis_year       = 1932
| doctoral_advisor  = [[Alfred North Whitehead]]
| doctoral_students = [[Donald Davidson (filosofer)|Donald Davidson]], [[Hubert Dreyfus]], [[David Lewis (filosofer)|David Lewis]], [[Daniel Dennett]], [[Gilbert Harman]], [[Dagfinn Føllesdal]], [[Hao Wang (academic)|Hao Wang]]
}}

|birth_place      =[[Yukon, Florida]], Unitit States
|residence        =Fraunce
|nationality      =American
|field            =[[Physics]]
|work_institution =[[UC Berkeley]]/[[Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory]]/[[Université Sorbone Paris Cité]]/[[Hong Kong Varsity o Science an Technology]]
|alma_mater       =[[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]]
|doctoral_advisor =[[David H. Frisch]]<ref>{{cite news | author=Katherine Bourzac | title=Nobel Causes | url=http://www.technologyreview.com/article/17926/ | work=Technology Review | date=12 January 2007 | quote=And Smoot himself can still vividly recall playing a practical joke on his graduate thesis advisor, MIT physics professor David Frisch. | accessdate=2007-09-05 | archive-date=2012-01-29 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120129172243/http://www.technologyreview.com/article/17926/ | url-status=dead }}</ref>
|doctoral_students=<!--please insert-->
|known_for        =[[Cosmic microwave backgrund radiation]]
|prizes           =[[NASA Medal for Exceptional Scienteefic Achievement]] <small>(1992)</small><br>[[Kilby Awaird]] <small>(1993)</small><br>American [[Academy o Achievement]] Gowden Plate Awaird <small>(1994)</small><br>[[Ernest Orlando Lawrence Awaird|E. O. Lawrence Awaird]] <small>(1994)</small><br>[[Albert Einstein Medal]] <small>(2003)</small><br>[[Nobel Prize in Pheesics]] <small>(2006)</small><br>[[Gruber Prize]] <small>(2006)</small><br>[[Daniel Chalonge Medal]] <small>(2006)</small><br>[[Oersted Medal]] <small>(2009)</small>
}}
'''George Fitzgerald Smoot III''' (born Februar 20, 1945) is an [[Unitit States|American]] [[astropheeics|astropheesicist]], [[cosmology|cosmologist]], Nobel laureate, an ane o twa contestants tae win the {{usd}}1 million preeze on ''[[Are You Smarter than a 5th Grader? (U.S. gemme shaw)|Are You Smarter than a 5th Grader?]]''. He wan the [[Nobel Prize in Pheesics]] in 2006 fa his wirk on the [[Cosmic Background Explorer]] wi [[John C. Mather]] that led tae the "discovery o the [[black bouk]] form an [[anisotropy]] o the [[cosmic microwave backgrund radiation]]".

{{fixscots|date=October 2020}}

| birth_place   = [[Arezzo]], [[Italy]]
| death_date    = {{Death date and age|1374|7|19|1304|7|20}}
| death_place   = [[Arquà Petrarca|Arquà]], [[Italy]]
| resting_place = 
| occupation    = Scholar, poet
| language      = 
| nationality   = [[Italians|Italian]]
| ethnicity     = 
| citizenship   = 
| education     = 
| alma_mater    = 
| period        = [[Early Renaissance]]
| genre         = 
| subject       = 
| movement      = [[Renaissance humanism]]
| notableworks  = 
| spouse        = 
| partner       = 
| children      = Giovanni (1337–1361)<br /> Francesca (born in 1343)
| relatives     = Eletta Canigiani (mither)<br />[[Ser Petracco]] (faither)
| awards        = 
| signature     = 
| signature_alt = 
| module        =
| portaldisp    = 
}}
'''Francesco Petrarca''' ({{IPA-it|franˈtʃesko peˈtrarka}}; 20 Julie 1304 – 19 Julie 1374), commonly [[anglicised]] as '''Petrarch''', wis an [[Italians|Italian]] scholar an [[poet]] in [[Italian Renaissance|Renaissance Italy]], an ane o the earliest [[Renaissance humanism|humanists]]. His rediskivery o [[Cicero]]'s letters is eften creditit wi ineetiatin the 14t-century [[Renaissance]]. Petrarch is eften conseedert the foonder o [[Renaissance humanism|Humanism]].<ref>This designation appears, for instance, in a recent [http://www.press.umich.edu/titleDetailDesc.do?id=15299 review] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121025064803/http://www.press.umich.edu/titleDetailDesc.do?id=15299 |date=2012-10-25 }} o Carol Quillen's ''Rereading the Renaissance.''</ref> In the 16t century, [[Pietro Bembo]] creatit the model for the modren [[Italian leid]] based on Petrarch's warks, as weel as thae o [[Giovanni Boccaccio]], an, tae a lesser extent, [[Dante Alighieri]].<ref>In the [http://it.wikisource.org/wiki/Prose_della_volgar_lingua/Libro_primo/XIX Prose della volgar lingua], Bembo propones Petrarch an Boccaccio as models o Italian style, while expressin reservations aboot emulatin Dante's uissage.</ref> Petrarch wad be later endorsed as a model for Italian style bi the [[Accademia della Crusca]].

{{Speciesbox
| image = Anthriscus sylvestris - Mets-harakputk.jpg
| genus = Anthriscus
 |species = sylvestris
| authority = ([[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]) [[George Franz Hoffmann|Hoffm.]]
| synonyms =
    {{Plainlist | style = margin-left: 1em; text-indent: -1em; |
*''Anthriscus alpina'' <small>(Vill.) Jord.</small>
*''Anthriscus candollei'' <small>Rouy & E.G.Camus</small>
*''Anthriscus chaerophyllea'' <small>(Lam.) Druce</small>
*''Anthriscus dissectus'' <small>C.H.Wright</small>
*''Anthriscus elatior'' <small>Besser</small>
*''Anthriscus intermedia'' <small>Schur</small>
*''Anthriscus keniensis'' <small>H.Wolff</small>
*''Anthriscus laevigata'' <small>Griseb.</small>
*''Anthriscus nemorosa'' <small>Baker & S.Moore</small> nom. illeg.
*''Anthriscus pilosa'' <small>Schur</small>
*''Anthriscus procera'' <small>Besser</small>
*''Anthriscus torquata'' <small>Duby</small>
*''Anthriscus yunnanensis'' <small>W.W.Sm.</small>
*''Carum sylvestre'' <small>(L.) Baill.</small>
*''Caucalis aequicolorum'' <small>All.</small>
*''Cerefolium sylvestre'' <small>(L.) Bubani</small>
*''Cerefolium tenuifolium'' <small>Beck</small>
*''Chaerefolium sylvestre'' <small>(L.) Schinz</small>
*''Chaerophyllum affine'' <small>Steud. ex A.Rich.</small>
*''Chaerophyllum alpinum'' <small>Vill.</small>
*''Chaerophyllum angulatum'' <small>Kit. ex Spreng.</small>
*''Chaerophyllum ateanum'' <small>(Pau) Pau</small>
*''Chaerophyllum cadonense'' <small>Schult. ex Steud.</small>
*''Chaerophyllum ghilanicum'' <small>Stapf & Wettst.</small>
*''Chaerophyllum infestum'' <small>Salisb.</small>
*''Chaerophyllum lactescens'' <small>Rochel ex Steud.</small>
*''Chaerophyllum sylvestre'' <small>L.</small>
*''Chaerophyllum tumidum'' <small>Gilib.</small> nom. inval.
*''Myrrhis chaerophylloides'' <small>Hance</small>
*''Myrrhis sylvestris'' <small>(L.) Spreng.</small>
*''Oreochorte yunnanensis'' <small>(W.W. Sm.) Koso-Pol.</small>
*''Peucedanum dissectum'' <small>(C.H. Wright) Dawe</small>
    }}
| synonyms_ref = <ref>{{citation
|url=http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2641868
|title=The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species
|accessdate=20 December 2015}}</ref>
}}
'''''Anthriscus sylvestris''''', known as '''deil's meal''' or '''dug's carvie''' is a [[yerbaceous]] [[biennial plant|biennial]] or short-leeved [[perennial plant]] in the faimily [[Apiaceae]] ([[Umbelliferae]]),<ref>Webb, D.A., Parnell, J. an Doogue, D. 1996. ''An Irish Flora.'' Dundalgan Press Ltd, Dundalk. {{ISBN|0-85221-131-7}}</ref> genus ''[[Anthriscus]]''.

'''"Coulter's Candy"''', also cried '''"Ally Bally"''' or '''"Ally Bally Bee"'''<ref name="Scotsman">{{cite web|url=https://www.scotsman.com/whats-on/arts-and-entertainment/15-famous-songs-every-scot-will-know-1456133|title=15 famous songs every Scot will know|website=Scotsman.com|accessdate=30 August 2020}}</ref>, is a [[Scots leid|Scots]] [[fowk sang]].

| norse name    = Hjaltland
| meaning of name = '[[Hilt]]land'
| island group  = [[Northren Isles]]
| area          = {{convert|1466|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
| area rank     =
| highest elevation = [[Ronas Hill]] 450 m (1,480 ft)
| Population    = 23,210 (2012)
| population density = 15/km<sup>2</sup> (40/sq mi)
| population rank    =
| main settlement    = [[Lerwick]]
| local authority    = [[Shetland Islands Cooncil]]
| references         =
}}
'''Shetland''' (aulder spellin: '''Zetland''', frae ''[[Yoch|Ȝetland]]''; [[Auld Norse]] ''{{lang|non|Hjaltland}}''; [[Scots Gaelic leid|Gaelic]]: Sealtainn) is an [[archipelago]] aff the northeast coast o mainlaund [[Scotland]]. The islands lees tae the northeast o [[Orkney]], 280&nbsp;km (170&nbsp;mi) frae the [[Faroe Islands]] an mak up pairt o the diveesion atween the [[Atlantic Ocean]] tae the wast an the [[German Ocean]] tae the east. The hail area is aboot 1,466 km² (566 sq&nbsp;mi). Shetland is ane o the 32 [[Cooncil areas o Scotland|cooncil areas]] o Scotland. The islands' admeenistrative centre an anely [[burgh]] is [[Lerwick]].

|type            = [[Public varsity|Public]]
|endowment       = 576,1 million EUR (2010)
|city            = [[Solna Municipality|Solna]]
|province        = [[Stockholm Coonty]]
|country         = [[Swaden]] {{flagicon|Sweden}}
|coor = {{Coord|59|20|56|N|18|01|36|E|display=inline,title|region:SE_type:edu_source:dewiki}}
|colors          = {{color box|#870052}} [[Plum (colour)|KI Plum]]
|enrollment      =
|students     = 5,978 ([[full-time equivalent|FTE]], 2014)<ref name=rapport>{{cite web|url=http://ki.se/en/about/ki-in-brief|title=KI in brief|access-date=2016-08-19|archive-date=2019-01-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190109223359/https://ki.se/en/about/karolinska-institutet-in-brief|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|doctoral        = 2,071 (2014)<ref name=rapport/>
|staff           = 4,976 (2014)<ref name=rapport/>
|budget = [[Swadish krona|SEK]] 6.2 billion<ref name=rapport/>
|vice_chancellor       =Karin Dahlman-Wright <ref name="Hamsten_resignation">{{cite web|title=Anders Hamsten steps down as Vice-Chancellor of Karolinska Institutet|url=http://ki.se/en/news/anders-hamsten-steps-down-as-vice-chancellor-of-karolinska-institutet|website=Karolinska Institutet|accessdate=13 February 2016|date=12 February 2016|archive-date=2016-08-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160806061111/http://ki.se/en/news/anders-hamsten-steps-down-as-vice-chancellor-of-karolinska-institutet|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|campus          = [[Solna]] (Main) an [[Huddinge]]
|website         = {{URL|www.ki.se}}
| logo    = 
| former_names = ''Kongl. Carolinska Medico Chirurgiska Institutet'' <br/>  (1817-1968)
}}
'''Karolinska Institutet''' ('''KI''', unoffeecially kent as the '''Karolinska Institute'''<ref>Karolinska Institutets Varumärkesplattform (Swedish) Revised Nov 2014, Page 20 https://internwebben.ki.se/sites/default/files/regler_vmplattform_nov2014_4_0.pdf {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303233214/https://internwebben.ki.se/sites/default/files/regler_vmplattform_nov2014_4_0.pdf |date=2016-03-03 }}</ref> an in aulder texts as the '''Ryal Caroline Institute''') is a [[Medical schuil|medical varsity]] in [[Solna Municipality|Solna]] within the [[Stockholm urban aurie]], [[Swaden]], an ane o the lairgest an maist prestigious [[medical varsities]] in the warld.

[[Image:ALEKO_M-2141S_(front_view).jpg|thumb|250px|Moskvitch 2141S "Aleko"]]

{{fixscots}}
{{unsoorced}}
{{taxobox
|image = Various grains.jpg
|image_width=250px
|image caption = Various cereals an thair products
|regnum = [[Plantae]]
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Monocots]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Commelinids]]
|ordo = [[Poales]]
|familia = [[Poaceae]]
}}
A '''cereal''' is a [[Poaceae|gress]], a member o the [[Monocotyledon|monocot]] faimily [[Poaceae]],<ref>The seeds o several ither plants, such as [[buckwheat]], are an aa used in the same manner as grains, but syne thay are nae grasses, thay cannae strictly be cried such</ref> cultivatit for the edible components o its [[fuid grain|grain]] (botanically, a teep o [[fruit]] cried a [[caryopsis]]), componed o the [[endosperm]], [[cereal germ|germ]], an [[bran]].

{{Fixscots}}

'''Grindcore''' is an extreme genre o muisic that stairtit in the early- tae mid-1980s. It draws inspiration frae some o the maist abrasive muisic genres – includin [[daith metal]], [[industrial muisic]], [[Noise muisic|noise]] an the mair extreme varieties o [[hardcore punk]].

</ref><ref name=GSJapOnly>{{cite web|last=Makuch |first=Eddie |url=http://www.gamespot.com/articles/wii-discontinuation-in-japan-won-t-affect-availability-in-united-states/1100-6415717/ |title=Wii discontinuation in Japan won't affect availability in United States |publisher=GameSpot |date=October 22, 2013 |accessdate=October 24, 2013}}</ref>}}
'''Wii (original model)'''{{vgrelease|NA|October 2011|EU|November 2011|AUS|Bigblacksmellycheesywetslipperydoormat2011|JP|October 20, 2013}}
'''Wii Family Edition'''{{vgrelease|EU|October 20, 2013<ref name="mcvuk1">{{cite web|last=Parfitt |first=Ben |url=http://www.mcvuk.com/news/read/time-also-called-on-wii-in-europe/0123162 |title=Time also called on Wii in Europe &#124; Games industry news &#124; MCV |publisher=Mcvuk.com |date=October 24, 2013 |accessdate=October 25, 2013}}</ref>}}
| media        = {{collapsible list|titlestyle=font-weight:normal;background:transparent;text-align:left|title=Pheesical an digital|
* [[Wii Optical Disc]]
* [[GameCube Game Disc]]
* [[Digital distribution in video gemmes|Digital distribution]] <small>([[Wii Shop Channel]])</small>
}}
| os           = [[Wii seestem software]]
| cpu          = 729&nbsp;MHz [[IBM]] [[PowerPC]] "[[Broadway (microprocessor)|Broadway]]"<ref name="Wii: The Total Story">{{cite web|url=http://wii.ign.com/launchguide/hardware1.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20061218073811/http://wii.ign.com/launchguide/hardware1.html|archivedate=December 18, 2006|title=Wii: The Total Story|accessdate=November 20, 2006|publisher=IGN}} {{Cite web |url=http://wii.ign.com/launchguide/hardware1.html |title=Archived copy |access-date=2014-06-01 |archive-date=2006-10-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061028073931/http://wii.ign.com/launchguide/hardware1.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| memory       = 88&nbsp;[[Megabyte|MB]] (total), 24&nbsp;MB MoSys 1T-SRAM, 324&nbsp;MHz, 2.7GB/s bandwidth
| storage      = 512&nbsp;MB Internal [[flash memory]]
| memory card  = [[Secure Digital|SD]]/[[SDHC]] card<br />[[GameCube Memory Card]]
| display      = {{collapsible list| title=Video output formats|
* [[Composite video]] <small>([[480i]], [[576i]]&nbsp;(PAL))</small>
* [[S-Video]] <small>(480i&nbsp;(NTSC consoles anerly))</small>
* RGB&nbsp;[[SCART]] <small>(576i&nbsp;(PAL consoles anerly))</small>
* [[Component video]] ([[YPbPr|{{YPbPr}}]]) <small>(480i, 576i&nbsp;(PAL), [[480p]])</small>
}}
| controllers  = [[Wii Remote]] ([[Wii Remote Plus|Plus]]), [[Wii Balance Board]], [[Nintendo GameCube controller]], [[Nintendo DS]]<ref name="connectivity returns">{{cite web|last=Gantayat|first=Anoop|date=June 7, 2006|url=http://wii.ign.com/articles/711/711657p1.html|title=Connectivity Returns|publisher=IGN|accessdate=June 7, 2006|archive-date=2012-08-04|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/69fwCYFLF?url=http://wii.ign.com/articles/711/711657p1.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| connectivity = [[Wi-Fi]] [[IEEE 802.11]] [[IEEE 802.11b-1999|b]]/[[IEEE 802.11g-2003|g]]<br />[[Bluetooth]]<br />2 × [[Universal Serial Bus|USB 2.0]]<ref name=1upspec>{{cite web|url=http://www.1up.com/do/feature?cId=3154939|title=Wii Get It Now: Technical Specs from 1UP.com|publisher=1up.com|accessdate=May 2, 2008|last=McDonough|first=Amy|archive-date=2016-05-22|archive-url=http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20160522225319/http://www.1up.com/do/feature?cId=3154939|url-status=dead}}</ref><br />[[Local area network|LAN]] Adapter (via USB)
| compatibility= [[GameCube]] <small>(first model anerly)</small> <!-- Hardware compatibility only. Do not list Virtual Console as "compatible". Actual compatibility is with physical media, not emulated software. -->
| predecessor  = GameCube<!-- Stop linking this. It is already linked above. See [[WP:MOS]] for more info. -->
| successor    = [[Wii U]]
| title        = Wii
| releasedate  = {{collapsible list| title=November 19, 2006|
'''Wii'''
{{vgrelease|NA|November 19, 2006<ref name=NArelease>{{cite web|first1=Kathleen|last1=Sanders|first2=Matt|last2=Casamassina|url=http://ign.com/articles/2006/09/14/us-wii-price-launch-date-revealed|title=US Wii Price, Launch Date Revealed|publisher=IGN|date=September 13, 2006|accessdate=January 17, 2015}}</ref>|JP|December 2, 2006<ref name=JPrelease>{{cite web|last1=Sanders|first1=Kathleen|title=Japanese Wii Price, Release Date Revealed|url=http://ign.com/articles/2006/09/14/japanese-wii-price-release-date-revealed|website=IGN|accessdate=January 17, 2015|date=September 13, 2006}}</ref>|AUS|December 7, 2006<ref name=AUSrelease>{{cite web|author1=Nintendo Australia|title=Wii Australian Details|url=http://www.nintendoworldreport.com/pr/12068/wii-australian-details|website=Nintendo World Report|accessdate=January 17, 2015|date=September 15, 2006}}</ref>|EU|December 8, 2006<ref name=EUrelease>{{cite web|author1=Nintendo of Europe|title=Europe Gets Wii Last|url=http://www.nintendoworldreport.com/pr/12069/europe-gets-wii-last|website=Nintendo World Report|accessdate=January 17, 2015|date=September 15, 2006}}</ref>}}
'''[[#Family Edition|Wii Family Edition]]'''
{{vgrelease|NA|October 23, 2011<ref>{{cite web |title=New black Wii bundle includes Mario CD |url=http://www.officialnintendomagazine.co.uk/31328/newsnew-black-wii-bundle-includes-mario-cd/ |work=[[Nintendo]] |accessdate=November 23, 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111114130448/http://www.officialnintendomagazine.co.uk/31328/newsnew-black-wii-bundle-includes-mario-cd/ |archivedate=2011-11-14 |df= |url-status=dead }}</ref>|EU|November 4, 2011<ref>{{cite web|title=Nintendo launches Wii Family Edition on 4th November and Wii Fit Plus bundle on 2nd December|url=https://www.nintendo.co.uk/NOE/en_GB/news/2011/45337.html|work=[[Nintendo]]|accessdate=November 23, 2011}}</ref>|AUS|November 11, 2011}}
'''[[#Wii Mini|Wii Mini]]'''
{{vgrelease|CAN|December 7, 2012<ref name="NinWiiMini">{{cite web|url=https://www.nintendo.com/whatsnew/detail/ONIEEqvK1pbPyTbW2lWO6QnPUiqqvuuI|title=Nintendo introduces Wii Mini that's all about games|publisher=Nintendo of Canada|date=November 22, 2012|accessdate=November 27, 2012|archive-date=2018-08-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180810074012/https://www.nintendo.com/whatsnew/detail/ONIEEqvK1pbPyTbW2lWO6QnPUiqqvuuI|url-status=dead}}</ref>|EU|March 22, 2013<ref name=EUmini>{{cite web|last1=Reynolds|first1=Matthew|title=Wii Mini confirmed for Europe, launching next month|url=http://www.digitalspy.com.au/gaming/news/a461694/wii-mini-confirmed-for-europe-launching-next-month.html|website=Digital Spy|accessdate=January 17, 2015|date=February 26, 2013|archive-date=2015-09-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907235732/http://www.digitalspy.com.au/gaming/news/a461694/wii-mini-confirmed-for-europe-launching-next-month.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>|USA|November 17, 2013<ref name="USmini">{{cite web|title=Wii mini Official Site - Buy Now|url=https://www.nintendo.com/wiimini/buynow/|publisher=Nintendo|accessdate=November 7, 2013|archive-date=2013-11-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131107012351/https://www.nintendo.com/wiimini/buynow/|url-status=dead}}</ref>}}
}}
| price        = {{ubl|[[Unitit States dollar|US$]]249.99|[[Japanese yen|JP¥]]25,000|[[Poond sterling|£]]179.99|[[Australie dollar|AU$]]399.95}}<small>([[Wii launch#Release dates an pricin|details]])</small>
| unitssold    = Warldwide: 101.63&nbsp;million <small>({{as of|2016|03|31|lc=y|df=US}})</small><!--<ref name="nintendosales"/>--><!-- SEE DISCUSSION PAGE ON SALES NUMBER --> <small>([[Wii#Seestem Sales|details]])</small>
| unitsshipped = 
| GPU          = 243&nbsp;MHz [[ATI Technologies|ATI]] [[Hollywood (graphics chip)|"Hollywood"]]<ref name="Wii: The Total Story" />
| service      = [[Nintendo Wi-Fi Connection]] <small>(closed Mey 20, 2014)</small>,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nintendo.com/consumer/network/en_na/network_status.jsp|title=- Nintendo - Current Network Status| accessdate=December 5, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nintendo.com/whatsnew/detail/vyWpoM6CBIe6FjW8NIY7bvzOrgBURhzw|title=Nintendo|work=Nintendo.com|accessdate=December 5, 2014|archive-date=2019-01-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190119041342/https://www.nintendo.com/whatsnew/detail/vyWpoM6CBIe6FjW8NIY7bvzOrgBURhzw|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[WiiConnect24]] <small>(closed Juin 28, 2013)</small>,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nintendolife.com/news/2013/04/nintendo_to_pull_the_plug_on_several_online_wii_channels|title=Nintendo to Pull the Plug on Several Online Wii Channels|author=Nintendo Life|work=Nintendo Life|accessdate=December 5, 2014}}</ref> [[Wii Shop Channel]]<!-- As quoted by Iwata, "Using a design called WiiConnect24, the console automatically enters standby mode without the fan running, but still operating key functions." This does not at all say that the online service itself is WiiConnect24. -->
| topgame      = ''[[Wii Sports]]'' <small>([[Pack-in gemme|pack-in]], except in Japan an Sooth Korea)</small> 82.78&nbsp;million <small>({{as of|2016|03|31|lc=y|df=US}})</small><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nintendo.co.jp/ir/en/sales/software/wii.html|title=IR Information : Sales Data - Top Selling Software Sales Units - Wii Software|work=Nintendo Co., Ltd.}}</ref><br /> ''[[Mario Kart Wii]]'', 36.75&nbsp;million <small>({{as of|2016|03|31|lc=y|df=US}})</small><ref name=wiim15>{{cite web |url=https://www.nintendo.co.jp/ir/en/sales/software/wii.html |title=Top Selling Software Sales Units|date=March 31, 2015 |publisher=Nintendo Co., Ltd. |accessdate=May 24, 2015}}</ref>
}}

{{fixscots}}
{{unsoorced}}
{{taxobox
|image = Dianthus caryophyllus L (Clove pink).JPG
|image_caption = ''Dianthus caryophyllus'' flouer
|regnum = [[Plant]]ae
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Core eudicots]]
|ordo = [[Caryophyllales]]
|familia = [[Caryophyllaceae]]
|genus = '''''Dianthus'''''
|genus_authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]
|subdivision_ranks = Teep species
|subdivision = ''[[Dianthus caryophyllus]]''
|}}
'''''Dianthus''''' is a [[genus]] o aboot 300 [[species]] o [[flouerin plant]]s in the [[faimily (biology)|faimily]] Caryophyllaceae, [[native plant|native]] mainly tae Europe an Asie, wi a few species extendin sooth tae north Africae, an ane species (''D. repens'') in airctic North Americae.

{{Chembox
| Watchedfields = changed
|  verifiedrevid = 464364488
|  ImageFile1 = Ammonia-dimensions-from-Greenwood&Earnshaw-2D.png
|   ImageSize1 = 200px
|   ImageName1 = Stereo structural formula o ammonia
|  ImageFileL1 = Ammonia-3D-balls-A.png
|   ImageSizeL1 = 125px
|   ImageNameL1 = Baw-an-stick model o the ammonia molecule
|  ImageFileR1 = Ammonia-3D-vdW.png
|   ImageSizeR1 = 125 px
|   ImageNameR1 = Space-fillin model o the ammonia molecule
| IUPACName = Azane
|  OtherNames = Hydrogen nitride<br />
Trihydrogen nitride<br />
Nitro-Sil
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
|  InChI = 1/H3N/h1H3
| InChIKey = QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYAF
| CASNo = 7664-41-7
|   CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
|  PubChem = 222
|   PubChem_Ref = {{Pubchemcite}}
| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEMBL = 1160819
|  ChemSpiderID = 217
|   ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
|  UNII = 5138Q19F1X
|   UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
|  EINECS = 231-635-3
|  UNNumber = 1005
|  KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}}
| KEGG = D02916
|  MeSHName = Ammonia
|  ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEBI = 16134
|  RTECS = BO0875000
|  SMILES = N
|  StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/H3N/h1H3
|  StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N
|  Beilstein = 3587154
|  Gmelin = 79
|  3DMet = B00004}}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
| Formula = NH<sub>3</sub>
| MolarMass = 17.031 g/mol
| Appearance = Colourless gas
| Odor = strong pungent odor
| Density = 0.86&nbsp;kg/m<sup>3</sup> (1.013 bar at boiling point)<br />0.73&nbsp;kg/m<sup>3</sup> (1.013 bar at 15&nbsp;°C)<br />681.9&nbsp;kg/m<sup>3</sup> at −33.3&nbsp;°C (liquid)<ref>{{cite book|url=http://books.google.com/?id=qPGzhL3Y50YC&pg=PA132|page=132|title=Systematic Inorganic Chemistry|author=Yost, Don M.|chapter=Ammonia and Liquid Ammonia Solutions|publisher=READ BOOKS|year=2007|isbn=1-4067-7302-6}}</ref><br />817&nbsp;kg/m<sup>3</sup> at −80&nbsp;°C (transparent solid)<ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1080/00337577508240819|title=On crystalline character of transparent solid ammonia|year=1975|author=Blum, Alexander|journal=Radiation Effects and Defects in Solids|volume=24|issue=4|page=277}}</ref>
| MeltingPtC = −77.73
| BoilingPtC = −33.34
| Solubility = 47% (0&nbsp;°C)<br />31% (25&nbsp;°C)<br />28% (50&nbsp;°C)<ref>{{cite book|url=http://books.google.com/?id=0fT4wfhF1AsC&pg=PA17|page=17|title=Handbook of inorganic compounds |author=Perry, Dale L.; Phillips, Sidney L.|publisher=CRC Press|year=1995|isbn=0-8493-8671-3}}</ref>
| SolubleOther = soluble in [[chloroform]], [[ether]], [[ethanol]], [[methanol]]
| Solvent =
| pKa = 32.5 (−33&nbsp;°C),<ref>Perrin, D. D., ''Ionisation Constants of Inorganic Acids and Bases in Aqueous Solution''; 2nd Ed., Pergamon Press: Oxford, '''1982'''.</ref> 10.5 (DMSO)
| pKb = 4.75
| RefractIndex = 1.3327
| Viscosity = 0.276 cP (-40 °C)
| VaporPressure = 8573 h Pa
}}
| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure
| MolShape = [[Trigonal pyramid (chemistry)|Trigonal pyramid]]
| Dipole = 1.42 [[Debye|D]]
}}
| Section4 = {{Chembox Thermochemistry
|   DeltaHf = −46&nbsp;kJ·mol<sup>−1</sup><ref name=b1>{{cite book| author = Zumdahl, Steven S.|title =Chemical Principles 6th Ed| url = https://archive.org/details/chemicalprincipl0000zumd_u9g0| publisher = Houghton Mifflin Company| year = 2009| isbn = 0-618-94690-X|page=A22}}</ref>
|   Entropy = 193&nbsp;J·mol<sup>−1</sup>·K<sup>−1</sup><ref name=b1/>
 }}
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards
|   GHSPictograms = {{GHSp|GHS04}}{{GHSp|GHS05}}{{GHSp|GHS06}}{{GHSp|GHS09}}<ref name="sigma">{{Sigma-Aldrich|id=294993|name=Ammonia|accessdate=2013-07-20}}</ref>
|   HPhrases = {{H-phrases|221|280|314|331|400}}<ref name="sigma" />
|   PPhrases = {{P-phrases|210|261|273|280|305+351+338|310}}<ref name="sigma" />
| External MSDS = [http://www.inchem.org/documents/icsc/icsc/eics0414.htm ICSC 0414] (anhydrous)
| EUIndex = 007-001-00-5 (anhydrous)<br />007-001-01-2 (solutions)
| EUClass = {{Hazchem T}} {{Hazchem C}} {{Hazchem N}}
| NFPA-H = 3
| NFPA-F = 1
| NFPA-R = 0
| NFPA-O =
| RPhrases = {{R10}}, {{R23}}, {{R34}}, {{R50}}
| SPhrases = {{S1/2}}, {{S9}}, {{S16}}, {{S26}}, {{S36/37/39}}, {{S45}}, {{S61}}
| FlashPt = flammable gas (''see text'')
| AutoignitionC = 651
| ExploLimits = 15–28%
| PEL = 50 ppm (25 ppm [[ACGIH]]- TLV; 35 ppm [[STEL]])
| LD50 = 0.015 mL/kg (human, oral)
}}
| Section8 = {{Chembox Related
| OtherAnions =
| OtherCations = [[Phosphine]]<br />[[Arsine]]<br />[[Stibine]]
| OtherFunctn = [[Hydrazine]]<br />[[Hydrazoic acid]]
| Function = nitrogen hydrides
| OtherCpds = [[Ammonium hydroxide]]
}}
}}
'''Ammonia''' or '''azane''' is a [[chemical compound|compoond]] o [[nitrogen]] an [[hydrogen]] wi the [[chemical formula|formula]] NH<sub>3</sub>. It is a colourless [[gas]] wi a characteristic [[pungent]] [[odor|smell]]. Ammonia contreibutes signeeficantly tae the [[nutreetion]]al needs o terrestrial organisms bi serving as a precursor tae [[fuid]] an [[fertilizer]]s. Ammonia, either directly or indirectly, is an aa a biggin-block for the synthesis o mony [[pharmaceuticals]] an is uised in mony commercial cleanin products. Altho in wide uise, ammonia is baith [[Caustic (substance)|caustic]] an [[hazard]]ous. The global industrial production o ammonia for 2012 wis anticipatit tae be 198 million tonnes,<ref name="ceresana1">{{cite web |author=Ceresana |url=http://www.ceresana.com/en/market-studies/chemicals/ammonia/ceresana-market-study-ammonia.html |title=Market Study Ammonia |publisher=Ceresana |date= |accessdate=2012-11-07 |archive-date=2019-10-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191009121132/https://www.ceresana.com/en/market-studies/chemicals/ammonia/ceresana-market-study-ammonia.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> a 35% increase ower the estimatit 2006 global output o 146.5 million tonnes.<ref name=Ullmann>{{cite book|author=Max Appl |title=Ammonia, in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry|year= 2006|publisher= Wiley-VCH|location= Weinheim|doi=10.1002/14356007.a02_143.pub2}}</ref>

{{Biological classification}}
In [[biology]], a '''species''' (plural: species) is ane o the basic units o [[biological classification]] an a [[taxonomic rank]]. A species is aften defined as the lairgest group o [[organisms]] that can [[interbreed]] an [[reproduction|producin]] [[fertile]] [[affspring]]. While, in mony cases, this defineetion is adequate, the difficulty o definin species is kent as the [[species problem]]. Differin measures is aften uised, lik similarity o DNA, morphology, or ecological niche. Presence o specific locally adaptit traits mey forder subdivide species intae "[[infraspecific taxa]]" lik [[subspecies]] (an in [[botany]] ither [[taxa]] is uised, lik [[Variety (botany)|varieties]], subvarieties, an [[Furm (botany)|formae]]).

</ref>
| pop_date = 2007-09-30
| GDP = 75.63
| GDP_year = 2010
| GDP_percent = 3.1
| GDP_ref =<ref name=Hgov>{{cite web |url=http://www.schleswig-holstein.de/ |title=Schleswig-Holstein: Schleswig-Holstein Portal |publisher=Schleswig-holstein.de |date= |accessdate=2010-04-14 |archive-date=2015-04-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150416175314/http://www.schleswig-holstein.de/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| Website=[http://www.schleswig-holstein.de/ schleswig-holstein.de]
| leader_title =
| leader = Peter Harry Carstensen
| leader_party = CDU
| ruling_party1 = CDU
| ruling_party2 = [[Free Democratic Pairty (Germany)|FDP]]
| votes = 4
| Kfz = formerly: S<small> (1945–1947)</small>, SH<small> (1947)</small>, BS<small> (1948–1956)</small><ref>By the federal vehicle registration reform of 1 July 1956 distinct prefixes were given for every district.</ref>
| NUTS = DEF
| iso region = DE-SH
| coordinates = {{coord|54|28|12|N|9|30|50|E|display=inline}}
|
}}

]]
The '''Qibla'''  ({{lang-ar|{{script|Arab|قبلة|}}}}, "direction"), an aa transliteratit as '''Qiblah''', '''Qibleh''', '''Kiblah''', '''Kıble''' or '''Kibla''', is the direction that should be faced when a [[Muslim]] [[prayer|prays]] durin ''[[salat]]''.

'''Leucippus''' ({{IPAc-en|l|uː|ˈ|s|ɪ|p|ə|s}}; {{lang-el|Λεύκιππος}}, ''Leukippos''; fl. 5t century BCE) is reportit in some auncient soorces tae hae been a filosofer who wis the earliest Greek tae develop the theory o [[atomism]] — the idea that everything is componed entirely o various imperishable, indivisible elements cried [[atom]]s.

Spainyie pimentón]]
'''Paprika''' is a [[spice]] made frae air-dried fruits o the [[chili pepper]] faimily o the species ''[[Capsicum annuum]]''.

'''Rhyolite''' is an [[igneous rock|igneous]], [[volcanic rock]], o [[felsic]] ([[silica]]-rich) composeetion (teepically > 69% SiO<sub>2</sub>—see the [[TAS classification]]). It mey hae ony texture frae [[glassy]] tae [[aphanitic]] tae [[porphyritic]]. The [[mineral]] assemblage is uisually [[quartz]], [[alkali feldspar]] an [[plagioclase]] (in a ratio > 1:2—see the [[QAPF diagram]]). [[Biotite]] an [[hornblende]] are common accessory minerals.

| area_total_km2          = {{Area Swedish municipality|type=total|municipality=Lidköping Municipality}}
| area_land_km2           = {{Area Swedish municipality|type=land|municipality=Lidköping Municipality}}
| area_water_km2          = {{Area Swedish municipality|type=water|municipality=Lidköping Municipality}}
| area_water_percent      = 
| area_note               = Aurie as o {{Area Swedish municipality|TXT=date}}.
| elevation_footnotes     = 
| elevation_m             = 
| population_footnotes    = {{Population Swedish municipality|TXT=ref}}
| population_total        = {{Population Swedish municipality|municipality=Lidköping Municipality}}
| population_as_of        = {{Population Swedish municipality|TXT=date}}
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_note         = 
| timezone1               = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset1             = +1
| timezone1_DST           = [[Central European Simmer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset1_DST         = +2
| blank_name_sec1         = [[Provinces o Swaden|Province]]
| blank_info_sec1         = [[Västergötland]]
| blank1_name_sec1        = [[Kommunkod|Municipal code]]
| blank1_info_sec1        = 1494
| postal_code_type        = [[Postal codes in Swaden|Postal code]]
| postal_code             = 
| area_code_type          = 
| area_code               = 
| iso_code                = [[ISO 3166-2:SE|SE<!--??-->]]
| website                 = [http://www.lidkoping.se www.lidkoping.se]<!-- {{URL|example.com}} -->
| footnotes               = 
}}

| death_place = [[Hildesheim]], [[Wast Germany]]
| resting_place = [[Moont Zion]] Catholic Cemetery<br>[[Jerusalem]], [[Israel]]
| resting_place_coordinates = {{coord|31.770164|N|35.230423|E|type:landmark_region:IL}}
| occupation = Industrialist
| spouse = {{marriage |[[Emilie Schindler]] |6 March 1928 |}}
| parents = {{plainlist |
* Hans Schindler
* Franziska Luser
}}
| children = Emily Schlegel, Oskar Jr. Schlegel
| religion = [[Roman Catholicism]]
| party = {{plainlist |
* [[Sudeten German Pairty]] (SdP) (1935–1939)
* [[Naitional Socialist German Wirkers Pairty]] (NSDAP) (1939–1945)
}}
| website = {{url|http://www.oskarschindler.com/}}
}}
'''Oskar Schindler''' (28 Aprile 1908 –  9 October 1974) wis an ethnic German [[industrialist]], [[spy]], an member o the [[Nazi Pairty]] who is creditit wi savin the lives o 1,200 Jews during [[the Holocaust]] bi employin them in his [[enamelware]] an [[ammunition]]s factories, which war locatit in [[occupied Poland]] an the [[Pertectorate o Bohemie an Moravie]].<ref>[https://www.yadvashem.org/righteous/stories/schindler.html Oskar Schindler] - [https://www.yadvashem.org/ Yad Vashem] official site {{en}}</ref>

|map_label_position=right
|image_coa=Coat of Arms of Kazan (Tatarstan) (2004).png
|coa_caption=
|image_flag=Flag of Kazan (Tatarstan).png
|flag_caption=
|anthem=
|anthem_ref=
|holiday=August&nbsp;30
|holiday_ref=<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://kgmu.kcn.ru/english/about_kazan.html |title=Archived copy |access-date=2012-12-19 |archive-date=2009-12-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091208013913/http://kgmu.kcn.ru/english/about_kazan.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|federal_subject=[[Tatarstan]]
|federal_subject_ref=<ref name="Ref247" />
|adm_data_as_of=December 2011
|adm_city_jur=[[ceity o federal subject significance|ceity o republic significance]] o Kazan
|adm_city_jur_ref=<ref name="Ref247" />
|capital_of=Republic o Tatarstan
|capital_of_ref=
|adm_ctr_of=ceity o republic significance o Kazan
|adm_ctr_of_ref=<ref name="Ref247" />
|inhabloc_cat=Ceity
|inhabloc_cat_ref=<ref name="Ref247" />
|inhabloc_type=Ceity o republic significance
|inhabloc_type_ref=<ref name="Ref247" />
|mun_data_as_of=Januar 2012
|urban_okrug_jur=Kazan Urban Okrug
|urban_okrug_jur_ref=<ref name="Ref894" />
|mun_admctr_of=Kazan Urban Okrug
|mun_admctr_of_ref=<ref name="Ref894" />
|leader_title=Mayor
|leader_title_ref=<ref name="Mayor">[http://www.metshin.ru/ Official website of the Mayor of Kazan] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110903062131/http://www.metshin.ru/ |date=2011-09-03 }} {{ru icon}}</ref>
|leader_name=[[Ilsur Metshin]]
|leader_name_ref=<ref name="Mayor" />
|representative_body=[[Kazan Ceity Duma|Ceity Duma]]
|representative_body_ref=<ref name="RepBody">Official website of Kazan. [http://www.kzn.ru/gorduma Kazan City Duma] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120304073318/http://kzn.ru/gorduma |date=2012-03-04 }} {{ru icon}}</ref>
|area_of_what=
|area_as_of=
|area_km2=
|area_km2_ref=
|pop_2010census=1143535
|pop_2010census_rank=8t
|pop_2010census_ref=<ref name="2010Census">{{ru-pop-ref|2010Census}}</ref>
|pop_density=
|pop_density_as_of=
|pop_density_ref=
|pop_latest=
|pop_latest_date=
|pop_latest_ref=
|established_date=1005
|established_title=
|established_date_ref=<ref name="Foundation" /> (see text)
|current_cat_date=
|current_cat_date_ref=
|prev_name1=
|prev_name1_date=
|prev_name1_ref=
|postal_codes=420xxx
|postal_codes_ref=<ref>[http://aboutkazan.com/ Kazan Russia — a thousand-year Russian city]</ref>
|dialing_codes=843
|dialing_codes_ref=<ref>[http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=354 Current local time in Kazan]</ref>
|website=http://www.kzn.ru/
|website_ref=
|commonscat=Kazan
|date=April 2010
}}

{{stub}}
 at the Unitit States Naitional Arboretum]]
{{Nihongo|'''Bonsai'''|盆栽||lit. ''plantins in tray'', frae ''bon'', a tray or law-sidit pot an ''sai'', a plantin or plantins, {{Audio|Ja-Bonsai.oga|pronunciation}}}}<ref name="Miniature Bonsai">{{cite book | author= Gustafson, Herbert L. | title=Miniature Bonsai | url= https://archive.org/details/miniaturebonsai00gust | publisher=Sterling Publishing Company, Inc. | year=1995| isbn=0-8069-0982-X | page=[https://archive.org/details/miniaturebonsai00gust/page/9 9]}}</ref> is a Japanese airt furm uisin miniatur trees grown in containers. Seemilar practices exist in ither culturs, includin the Cheenese tradeetion o ''[[penjing]]'' frae which the airt oreeginatit, an the miniature livin landscapes o Vietnamese [[Hòn Non Bộ|''hòn non bộ'']]. The Japanese tradeetion dates back ower a thoosand years, an haes its ain aesthetics an terminology.

The '''assassination attempt on Ronald Reagan''' happenit on Monday, 30 Mairch, 1981. 69 days efter acomin Preses, [[Ronald Reagan]] wis leavin efter a speakin engagement at the [[Washington Hilton|Washington Hilton Hotel]] in [[Washington, D.C.]].<ref name="wapshott2007">{{cite book|last=Wapshott|first=Nicholas|title=Ronald Reagan and Margaret Thatcher: A Political Marriage|year=2007|publisher=Sentinel|location=New York, NY|isbn=978-1-101-21787-0|pages=167|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=Ru5CKP3pcXMC&lpg=PT168&dq=reagan%20assassination%20ford's%20theatre%20%22curious%20sensation%22&pg=PT168#v=onepage&q=reagan%20assassination%20ford's%20theatre%20%22curious%20sensation%22&f=false}}</ref> Shots war firit bi [[John Hinckley, Jr.]] as he left tae enter the presestial limo. The assassination attempt stairtit concern aboot gun control.

|elevation m            = 36
|elevation min m        = 27
|elevation max m        = 88
|area km2               = 5.19
|population             = 439
|population date        = 2015
}}
'''Montsoreau''' ({{IPA-fr|mɔ̃soʁo}}), frae [[Laitin leid|Laitin]] ''mons sorelli'') is a commune o the [[Loire Valley]] in the [[Maine-et-Loire]] [[Depairtments o Fraunce|depairtment]]. Montsoreau is locatit in wastren [[Fraunce]] aboot 250 km (160 mi) sooth-wast o Paris.

| full name      = Louis Charles de France
| coronation     =
| predecessor    = [[Louis XVI o Fraunce|Louis XVI]]
| successor      = [[Napoleon I o Fraunce|Napoleon I]]<br>{{small|''as Emperor o the French''}}<br/>[[Louis XVIII o Fraunce|Louis XVIII]]<br>{{small|''as Keeng o Fraunce an Navarre''}}
| house          = [[Hoose o Bourbon|Bourbons o Fraunce]]
| father         = [[Louis XVI o Fraunce]]
| mother         = [[Marie Antoinette]]
| religion       = [[Catholic Kirk|Roman Catholic]]
| birth_date     = {{Birth date|1785|3|27|df=y}}
| birth_place    = [[Palace o Versailles]], [[Kinrick o Fraunce|Fraunce]]
| death_date     = {{Death date and age|1795|6|8|1785|3|27|df=y}}
| death_place    = [[Temple (Paris)|Paris Temple]], [[French First Republic|Fraunce]]
| burial_place   = [[Saunt Denis Basilica|Ryal Basilica]], [[Fraunce]] ''(anly heart )''
|
}}
'''Louis XVII''' (27 Mairch 1785 in [[Palace o Versailles|Versailles]] – 8 Juin 1795 in Paris), frae birth tae 1789 kent as '''Louis Charles, Duke o Normandy'''; then frae 1789 tae 1791 as '''Louis Charles, [[Dauphin o Fraunce]]'''; an frae 1791 tae 1792 as '''Louis Charles, Prince Ryal o Fraunce''', wis the younger son o King [[Louis XVI o Fraunce]] an Queen [[Marie Antoinette]].

{{fixscots|date=October 2020}}

An '''audience''' is a group o [[person|fowk]] who participate in a [[Performance|shaw]] or encoonter a [[wirk o airt]], [[leeteratur]] (in which thay are cried "readers"), [[theatre]], [[muisic]] (in which thay are cried "listeners"), [[video gemme]]s (in which thay are cried "players"), or [[academic]]s in ony [[Media (arts)|medium]].

'''Biologie''' is the [[science]] o [[life]] (frae the [[Greek leid|Greek]] wirds ''βιos'' meanin "life" an ''λoγos'', meanin "raesoned accoont"). It is concernt wi the chairacteristics an laits o aw craiturs, the wey speshie an individuals comes til exeest, leeve, an the interactions thay hae wi ilk ither an wi the [[environ]]s. Biologie encompasses a braid spectrum o academic fields that's aften seen as thair ain disciplines. Thegither, thay study life ower a braid reenge o schuils.

seeds]]
A '''seed''' is a smaa [[Plant embryogenesis|embryonic]] [[plant]] enclosed in a coverin cried the seed coat, uisually wi some [[Fuid storage|stored fuid]]. It is the product o the ripened [[ovule]] o [[gymnosperm]] an [[angiosperm]] plants which occurs efter [[fertilization]] an some growth within the mither plant.  The furmation o the seed completes the process o [[reproduction]] in seed plants (stairtit wi the development o [[flouer]]s an [[pollination]]), wi the [[embryo]] developed frae the [[zygote]] an the seed coat frae the integuments o the ovule. Aw seeds are different size, shape an colour.

{{nutritional value 
| name = Raw leeks, bulb & lawer leaves
| water=83 g 
| kJ=255
| protein=1.5 g
| fat= 0.3 g 
| carbs = 14.15 g
| fiber = 1.8 g 
| sugars=3.9 g
| calcium_mg=59 
| iron_mg=2.1 
| magnesium_mg=28 
| phosphorus_mg=35 
| potassium_mg=180
| manganese_mg=0.481
| vitC_mg=12 
| thiamin_mg=0.06 
| riboflavin_mg=0.03 
| niacin_mg=0.4
| pantothenic_mg=0.14
| vitB6_mg=0.233
| folate_ug=64 
| vitA_ug = 83
| betacarotene_ug=1000
| lutein_ug=1900 
| vitE_mg=0.92 
| vitK_ug=47 
| source_usda=1
| note=[http://ndb.nal.usda.gov/ndb/search/list?qlookup=11246&format=Full Link to USDA Database entry]
}}
The '''leek''' , ''Allium ampeloprasum'' var. ''porrum'' (L.), whiles kent as ''Allium porrum'', is a vegetable that belangs, alang wi the [[ingan]] an [[garlic]], tae the ''[[Alliaceae]]'' faimily. Twa sib vegetables, the [[elephant garlic]] an [[kurrat]], is variant [[subspecies]] o [[Allium ampeloprasum]] an aw, awtho different in thair uisses as fuid.

{{automatic taxobox
| name = Amphibians
| fossil_range = [[Late Devonian]]–[[present]], {{fossil range|370|0}}
| image = Amphibians.png
| image_upright = 1.15
| image_alt = Collage o amphibians
| image_caption = Clockwise frae tap right: ''[[Seymouria]]'', [[Mexican burraein caecilian]], [[eastren newt]] an [[leaf green tree frog]]
| taxon = Amphibia
| authority = [[John Edward Gray|Gray]] 1825<ref name=BlackburnWake>{{cite journal|author1=Blackburn, D. C. |author2=Wake, D. B. | title=Class Amphibia Gray, 1825. In: Zhang, Z.-Q. (Ed.) Animal biodiversity: An outline of higher-level classification and survey of taxonomic richness | journal=Zootaxa| volume=3148| year=2011| pages=39–55| url=http://mapress.com/zootaxa/2011/f/zt03148p055.pdf}}</ref>
| subdivision_ranks = Subclasses
| subdivision =
* {{extinct}}[[Temnospondyli]]
* [[Lissamphibia]] (modren amphibians)
}}

{{fixscots|date=September 2020}}

'''Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, 3rd Duke o Alba''' (29 October 1507 – 11 December 1582) wis a [[Spaingie]] nobleman an the 3rd Duke o Alba. He wis advisor tae [[Charles V, Haly Roman Emperor|Keeng Carlos I o Spain]] and later tae his son [[Philip II o Spain|Felipe II]].

This is a leet o the maist populous ceeties in the warld defined accordin tae a concept o [[ceety proper]] (an urban locality wioot its suburbs). A ceety proper is a locality defined accordin tae legal or poleetical boundaries an an admeenistratively recognised urban status that is uisually characterized bi some fairm o local govrenment.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://esa.un.org/unup/index.asp?panel=6 |title=World Urbanization Prospects: The 2007 Revision Population Database |publisher=Esa.un.org |date= |accessdate=2010-07-26 |archive-date=2010-08-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100822053414/http://esa.un.org/unup/index.asp?panel=6 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://millenniumindicators.un.org/unsd/demographic/sconcerns/densurb/densurbanNotes.htm |title=United Nations Statistics Division - Demographic and Social Statistics |publisher=Millenniumindicators.un.org |date= |accessdate=2010-07-26 |archive-date=2011-06-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110623192351/http://millenniumindicators.un.org/unsd/demographic/sconcerns/densurb/densurbanNotes.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Demographic Yearbook 2005, Volume 57 |year=2008 |publisher=United Nations |isbn=92-1-051099-2 |page=756 |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=OwfGJtkpCbwC&pg=PA241&lpg=PA241& |accessdate=2010-07-19 }}{{Dead link|date=August 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>

{{About|the automobile marque}}
{{Distinguish|text= [[Holden (automobile)]], the vehicle manufactured by the company from 1948 until 1984}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2018}}
 (as J. A. Holden & Co) in [[Adelaide]]
| founders = [[James Alexander Holden]]<br/>(original firm)<br/>[[Edward Holden|Sir Edward Holden]]
| fate = Holden marque phased out; replaced by [[GM Specialty Vehicles]]
| defunct = {{start date and age|31 December 2020}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Vale Holden: End of the road today, after 72 years |url=https://www.caradvice.com.au/912429/vale-holden-end-of-the-road-after-72-years/|access-date=2020-12-31|work = CarAdvice }}</ref>
| location_city = [[Port Melbourne]], [[Melbourne]]
| location_country = Australia
| area_served = Australia & New Zealand
| key_people = [[Laurence Hartnett]]<br/>Marc Ebolo
| products = [[Automobile]]s
| parent = [[General Motors]]
| divisions = [[Holden Special Vehicles]] (50%)
| homepage = {{URL|https://www.holden.com.au/|holden.com.au}}
| successor = [[GM Specialty Vehicles|GMSV]]
|logo=Holden text logo.png}}

[[Image:Narcissus-Caravaggio (1594-96) edited.jpg|thumb|''Narcissus'' (1590s) bi [[Caravaggio]] ([[Galleria Nazionale d'Arte Antica]], Roum)]]
'''Narcissism''' is the pursuit o gratification frae [[vainity]] or [[egoteestic]] admiration o ane's ain attributes. The term oreeginatit frae [[Greek meethology]], whaur the young [[Narcissus (meethology)|Narcissus]] fell in luve wi his ain eemage reflectit in a puil o watter.

|birth_place      = [[Albisola]], [[Republic o Genoa]]
|death_date       = {{death date and age|1513|2|21|1443|12|5|df=y}}
|death_place      = [[Roum]], [[Papal States]]
|buried           = [[San Pietro in Vincoli]], [[Roum]]
|parents          = Rafaello della Rovere an Theodora Manerola
|children         = [[Felice della Rovere]]
|other            = Julius 
|coat_of_arms     = C o a popes Della Rovere.svg
}}
'''Pope Julius II''' ({{lang-it|Papa Giulio II}}; {{lang-la|Iulius II}}) (5 December 1443 – 21 Februar 1513),  born '''Giuliano [[Hoose o della Rovere|della Rovere]]''', an nicknamed "The Fearsome Pape"<ref>{{cite book|last=Blech|first=Benjamin|author2=Doliner, Roy.|title=The Sistene Secrets|url=https://archive.org/details/sistinesecretsmi00blec|publisher=HarperCollins Publishers|location=New York, NY|year=2008|page=[https://archive.org/details/sistinesecretsmi00blec/page/106 106]|isbn=978-0-06-146904-6}} The term 'terrible' was first applied by Julius himself to Michaelangelo, and only later to the Pope by others: Pastor, VI, pp. 214–215.</ref> an "The Warrior Pope". In his nine-year pontificate his militar an diplomatic interventions avertit a tak-ower bi Fraunce o the Italian States (includin the Papal States).

{{fixscots}}
{{unsoorced}}

Walcome tae the '''Wikipedie''' in Scots.

instead -->
| type                    = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment]]
| image_skyline           = 
| image_alt               = 
| image_caption           = 
| image_flag              = 
| flag_alt                = 
| image_shield            = Proposition de blason pour le département du Val-de-Marne.svg
| shield_alt              = 
| nickname                = 
| motto                   = 
| image_map               = Val-de-Marne-Position.svg
| map_alt                 = 
| map_caption             = Location o Val-de-Marne in Fraunce
| pushpin_map             = 
| pushpin_label_position  = 
| pushpin_map_alt         = 
| pushpin_map_caption     = 
| coordinates             = {{coord|48|45|N|2|25|E|region:FR_type:adm2nd_scale:1000000_source:frwiki|display=inline}}
| coor_pinpoint           = 
| coordinates_footnotes   = 
| subdivision_type        = [[Leet o kintras|Kintra]]
| subdivision_name        = [[Fraunce]]
| subdivision_type1       = [[Regions o Fraunce|Region]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[Île-de-France (region)|Île-de-France]]
| established_title       = 
| established_date        = 
| founder                 = 
| seat_type               = [[Prefecturs in Fraunce|Prefectur]]
| seat                    = [[Créteil]]
| parts_type              = [[Subprefecturs in Fraunce|Subprefecturs]]
| parts_style             = para
| p1                      = [[L'Haÿ-les-Roses]]<br />[[Nogent-sur-Marne]]
| government_footnotes    = 
| leader_party            = [[French Communist Pairty|PCF]]
| leader_title            = [[Preses o the General Cooncil]]
| leader_name             = [[Christian Favier]]
| unit_pref               = Metric<!-- or US or UK -->
| area_magnitude          = 
| area_footnotes          = {{ref|area|1}}
| area_total_km2          = 245
| area_note               = 
| elevation_footnotes     = 
| elevation_m             = 
| elevation_min_m         = 
| elevation_max_m         = 
| population_footnotes    = 
| population_total        = 1298340
| population_as_of        = 2006
| population_rank         = [[Leet o French depairtments bi population|10t]]
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_demonym      = 
| population_note         = 
| blank_name_sec1         = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment number]]
| blank_info_sec1         = 94
| blank_name_sec2         = [[Arrondissements o Fraunce|Arrondissements]]
| blank_info_sec2         = [[arrondissements o the Val-de-Marne depairtment|3]]
| blank1_name_sec2        = [[Cantons in Fraunce|Cantons]]
| blank1_info_sec2        = [[cantons o the Val-de-Marne depairtment|49]]
| blank2_name_sec2        = [[Communes in Fraunce|Communes]]
| blank2_info_sec2        = [[communes o the Val-de-Marne depairtment|47]]
| timezone1               = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset1             = +1
| timezone1_DST           = [[Central European Simmer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset1_DST         = +2
| postal_code_type        = 
| postal_code             = 
| area_code_type          = 
| area_code               = 
| iso_code                = 
| website                 = 
| footnotes               = {{note|area|1}} French Land Register data, which exclude [[estuary|estuaries]], an lakes, ponds, an glaciers lairger than 1 km<sup>2</sup>
}}
'''Val-de-Marne''' ({{IPA-fr|val.də.maʁn}}) is a [[Fraunce|French]] [[depairtments o Fraunce|depairtment]], namit efter the [[Marne River]], locatit in the [[Île-de-France (region)|Île-de-France]] [[regions o Fraunce|region]]. The depairtment is situatit tae the sootheast o the ceety o [[Paris]].

, a seembol o Taoism]]
'''Taoism''' (modrenly '''Daoism''') is a philosophical, ethical, an releegious tradeetion o Chinese origin that pits emphasis on livin in harmony wi the ''[[Tao]]'' (romanised as ''Dao'' as weel). The term ''Tao'' means "wey", "path" or "principle", an can be fand in Chinese philosophies an releegions ither nor Taoism. In Taoism, houaniver, ''Tao'' denotes somehing that is baith the soorce an the drivin force ahint awhing that exists. It is ultimately ineffable: "The Tao that can be telt isnae the eternal Tao."<ref name="Laozi">{{cite web|url=http://www.bopsecrets.org/gateway/passages/tao-te-ching.htm|title=Tao Te Ching, 1. chapter, translated by Livia Kohn (1993)|author=Laozi|accessdate=29 May 2012}}</ref>

The '''Scots Leid Associe''' (kent in Inglis as the '''Scots Language Society''') is a bodie that warks for the furdal o the [[Scots leid]] in "leiterature, drama, the media, education an ilka day uiss".  It wis foundit in 1972, an haes about 350 memmers the nou.

|birth_place=near [[Lahore]], Punjab, British&nbsp;India<!-- DO NOT LINK, see [[MOS:GEOLINK]] for further guidance --><ref name="ndtvaslam">{{cite news|title=Ali Ahmed Aslam, 'Chicken Tikka Masala' Inventor, Dies at 77|author= Anjali Thakur|date=22 December 2022|url=https://www.ndtv.com/world-news/ali-ahmed-aslam-chicken-tikka-masala-inventor-dies-at-77-3627998|publisher=NDTV}}</ref>|death_date={{Death date and age|df=y|2022|12|19|1945|4|1}}|death_place=[[Glasgow]], Scotland|occupation={{hlist|Chef|restauranteur}}|known_for=Inventing [[chicken tikka masala]]|children=5}}
[[Category:Articles with hCards]]

{{Year nav|1957}}
'''1957''' is a year o the Gregorian calendar.

{{Speciesbox
| name               = Garlic (Allium sativum )
| taxon              = Allium sativum
| image              = Allium sativum Woodwill 1793.jpg
| image_caption      = ''Allium sativum'', kent as garlic, frae William Woodville, ''Medical Botany'', 1793.
| authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]
}}
'''''Allium sativum''''', commonly kent as '''ortojan family''', is a species in the ingan genus, ''[[Allium]]''. Its close relatives include the [[ingan]], [[shallot]], [[leek]], [[chive]],<ref name=Block2010>{{cite book|author=Block, E.|title=Garlic and Other Alliums: The Lore and the Science|url=http://books.google.com/?id=6AB89RHV9ucC&printsec=frontcover|publisher=Royal Society of Chemistry|year=2010|isbn=0-85404-190-7}}</ref> an [[rakkyo]].<ref name="AN">{{cite web |url=http://www.allallergy.net/fapaidfind.cfm?cdeoc=684 |title=AllergyNet&nbsp;— Allergy Advisor Find |publisher=Allallergy.net |accessdate=2010-04-14 |archive-date=2010-06-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100615004222/http://allallergy.net/fapaidfind.cfm?cdeoc=684 |url-status=dead }}</ref>  Wi a history o human uise o ower 7,000 years, garlic is native tae central Asie,<ref>Ensminger, AH (1994). ''Foods & nutrition encyclopedia, Volume 1''. CRC Press, 1994. ISBN 0-8493-8980-1. p. 750</ref> an haes lang been a staple in the Mediterranean region, as well as a frequent saisonin in Asie, Africae, an Europe. It wis kent tae [[Auncient Egyptians]], an haes been uised for both culinary an medicinal purposes.<ref name="S&S">{{cite book|title=Simon & Schuster's Guide to Herbs and Spices |url=https://archive.org/details/simonschustersgu0000simo |editor=Schuler, S. |isbn=0-671-73489-X |author=Simonetti, G. |year=1990 |publisher=Simon & Schuster, Inc}}</ref>

{{Fixscots}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=June 2012}}

{{Coord|13|N|122|E|display=title}}
'' <small>{{no bold|([[Filipino leid|Filipino]])}}</small>{{efn|name=a|In the recognisit regional [[leids o the Philippines]]:
:* {{lang-akl|Republika it Pilipinas}}
:* {{lang-bik|Republika kan Filipinas}}
:* {{lang-ceb|Republika sa Pilipinas}}
:* {{lang-cbk|República de Filipinas}}
:* {{lang-hil|Republika sang Filipinas}}
:* {{lang-ibg|Republika nat Filipinas}}
:* {{lang-ilo|Republika ti Filipinas}}
:* {{lang-ivv|Republika nu Filipinas}}
:* {{lang-pam|Republika ning Filipinas}}
:* {{lang-krj|Republika kang Pilipinas}}
:* {{lang-mrw|Republika san Pilipinas}}
:* {{lang-pag|Republika na Filipinas}}
:* {{lang-xsb|Republika nin Pilipinas}}
:* {{lang-sgd|Republika nan Pilipinas}}
:* {{lang-tsg|Republika sin Pilipinas}}
:* {{lang-war|Republika han Pilipinas}}

'''Agein''' is the process o becomin aulder.  In the narrae sense, the term refers tae [[Biology|biological]] agein o human beings, ainimals an ither organisms.

{{About|the ceety in Spain|ither uisses|Barcelona (disambiguation)}}

{{fixscots}}

is ane o the brichtest kent Cepheid variable starns in the Milky Way galaxy; image, [[Hubble Space Telescope]]}}]]
A '''Cepheid variable''' is a teepe o [[starn]] that [[radial pulsations|pulsates radially]], varyin in baith diameter an temperatur an producin chynges in brichtness wi a well-defined stable [[frequency|period]] an amplitude.

==Spellin==
Here at Wikipaedia it's recommendit that fowk uises 'traditional' pan-dialect spellins, anes that hae a guid history o uiss. Awtho this isna sae strict as in English we ettle tae come up wi writin that's easy tae read an can be soondit oot bi readers in thair ain dialect.

{{fixscots|date=Februar 2021}}

|other            = Leo}}
'''Pape Leo XIII''', born '''Vincenzo Gioacchino Raffaele Luigi Pecci''' ([[2 Mairch]] 1810 – [[20 Julie]] 1903), wis [[Pape]] o the [[Roman Catholic Kirk|Roman Catholic Kirk]], haein cam aifter [[Pape Pius IX]] on Februar 20, 1878 an ringin till his ain daith. Born in [[Carpineto Romano]], [[Italy]], Pecci frist got roonit tent as the faur ben an seilfu Archbishop o Perugia, that led tae his trystin as a Cardinal in 1853.

The '''Tequistlatecan leids''', cried '''Chontal o Oaxaca''', are three close but distinct leids spoken or ance spoken bi the [[Oaxaca Chontal fowk|Chontal fowk]] o [[Oaxaca]] State, Mexico: 
*[[Huamelultec leid|Huamelultec]] (Lawland Oaxaca Chontal),
*[[Tequistlatec language|Tequistlatec]] (extinct),
*[[Hieland Oaxaca Chontal]].

A '''chack''' or '''cheque''', thocht tae hae come fae the Persian wird چك ''chek'', is a gangable<!-- ? --> instrument instructin a financial institution tae pey a speceefic amoont o a speceefic currency fae a speceefic demaund accoont hauden in the makker/depositor's name wi that institution. Baith the makker an peyee micht be naitural fowk or legal entities.

|Lageplan          = Boexlund in SL.PNG
|Bundesland        = Schleswig-Holstein
|Kreis             = Schleswig-Flensburg
|Amt               = Schafflund
|Höhe              = 23
|Fläche            = 4.4
|Einwohner         = 105
|Stand             = 2006-12-31
|PLZ               = 24994
|Vorwahl           = 04605
|Kfz               = SL
|Gemeindeschlüssel = 01 0 59 105
|Adresse-Verband   = Tannenweg 1<br />24980 Schafflund
|Website           = [http://www.amt-schafflund.de/ www.amt-<br />schafflund.de]
|Bürgermeister     = Bernhard Brodal
|Partei            =
}}

{{Navbox
|name=Guangdong topics
|state= {{{state<includeonly>|collapsed</includeonly>}}}
|title=[[Guangdong]] topics
|listclass = hlist
|above = [[Guangzhou]] ([[Leet o current an umwhile caipitals o subnaitional entities o Cheenae|caipital]])
|below = {{icon|category}} '''[[:Category:Guangdong|Category]]'''&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; '''[[commons:Category:Guangdong|Commons]]'''
|evenstyle = background:#F4F0EC

| birth_place     = near [[Kirovohrad|Yelizavetgrad]], [[Kherson Governorate]], [[Roushie Empire]]
| death_date      = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1940|8|21|1879|11|7}} 
| death_place     = [[Coyoacán]], [[Mexico Ceety|DF]], [[Mexico]]
| party           = [[Roushie Social Democratic Labour Pairty|RSDLP]], [[Social Democratic Pairty o Swisserland|SDPS]], [[Communist Pairty o the Soviet Union]], [[Left Opposition]], [[IV International]]
| spouse          = [[Aleksandra Sokolovskaya]], [[Natalia Sedova]]
| religion        = Nane ([[atheist]])<ref>[[Robert Service (historian)|Robert Service]] (2009). ''Trotsky: A Biography''. Cambridge, Massachusetts: [[Harvard University Press]]. pp. 199–201. ISBN 0-674-03615-8</ref>
| citizenship     = [[Soviet Union|Soviet]]
| smallimage      =
| order           = [[:en:Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Soviet Union)|Fowkcommissar o Foreign Affairs o the RSFSR]]
| term_start      = 8 November 1917
| term_end        = 13 Mairch 1918
| premier         = [[Vladimir Lenin]]
| predecessor     = [[Mikhail Tereshchenko]]
| successor       = [[Georgy Chicherin]]
| order2          = [[Meenister o Defence (Soviet Union)|Fowkcommissar o Militar an Naval Affairs o the Soviet Union]]
| term_start2     = 29 August 1919 
| term_end2       = 15 Januar 1925
| premier2        = Vladimir Lenin<br>[[Alexey Rykov]]
| predecessor2    = [[Lev Kamenev]]
| successor2      = [[Mikhail Frunze]]
| order3          = [[Chairman|Preses]] o the [[Petrograd Soviet]]
| term_start3     = 8 October 1917
| term_end3       = 8 November 1917
| signature       = Leon Trotsky Signature.svg
}}
'''Leon Trotsky''' ([[Roushie leid|Roushie]]: {{Audio|ru-Leon Trotsky.ogg|Лев Дави́дович Тро́цкий}}, {{lang-uk|Лев Дави́дович Тро́цький}} (''Lev Davidovich Trotsky'', an aa transliteratit ''Lyev'', ''Trotski'', ''Trotskij'', ''Trockij'' an ''Trotzky''); {{OldStyleDate|7 November|1879|26 October}} – 21 August 1940), born '''Lev Davidovich Bronstein''' ({{lang-ru|Лев Дави́дович Бронште́йн}}), wis a Roushie [[Marxist]] revolutionary an theorist, Soviet politeecian, an the foonder an first leader o the [[Red Airmy]].

{{italic title}}
{{taxobox
|name = Ribwort Plantain
|image = Ribwort 600.jpg
|regnum = [[Plantae]]
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Asterids]]
|ordo = [[Lamiales]]
|familia = [[Plantaginaceae]]
|genus = ''[[Plantago]]''
|species = '''''P. lanceolata'''''
|binomial = ''Plantago lanceolata''
|binomial_authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]
}}
'''''Plantago lanceolata''''', '''Johnsmas-flouer''', is a species o [[flouerin plant]] in the plantain faimily [[Plantaginaceae]].

This is a leet o the maist populous ceeties in the warld defined accordin tae a concept o [[ceety proper]] (an urban locality wioot its suburbs). A ceety proper is a locality defined accordin tae legal or poleetical boundaries an an admeenistratively recognised urban status that is uisually characterized bi some fairm o local govrenment.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://esa.un.org/unup/index.asp?panel=6 |title=World Urbanization Prospects: The 2007 Revision Population Database |publisher=Esa.un.org |date= |accessdate=2010-07-26 |archive-date=2010-08-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100822053414/http://esa.un.org/unup/index.asp?panel=6 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://millenniumindicators.un.org/unsd/demographic/sconcerns/densurb/densurbanNotes.htm |title=United Nations Statistics Division - Demographic and Social Statistics |publisher=Millenniumindicators.un.org |date= |accessdate=2010-07-26 |archive-date=2011-06-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110623192351/http://millenniumindicators.un.org/unsd/demographic/sconcerns/densurb/densurbanNotes.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Demographic Yearbook 2005, Volume 57 |year=2008 |publisher=United Nations |isbn=92-1-051099-2 |page=756 |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=OwfGJtkpCbwC&pg=PA241&lpg=PA241& |accessdate=2010-07-19 }}{{Dead link|date=August 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>

'''Lealtie''' is [[Fixation (psychology)|devotion]] an [[faith]]funess tae a cause, [[kintra]], group, or [[person]].

{{Automatic taxobox
| fossil_range = {{fossil range|80|0}}[[Late Cretaceous]] – Recent
| image = Haeckel Orchidae.jpg
| image_caption = Colour plate frae [[Ernst Haeckel]]'s ''{{lang|de|[[Kunstformen der Natur]]}}'', 1906
| taxon = Orchidaceae
| authority = [[Antoine Laurent de Jussieu|Juss.]]<ref name=APGIII2009>{{Cite journal |last=Angiosperm Phylogeny Group |year=2009 |title=An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III |journal=Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=161 |issue=2 |pages=105–121 |url=http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122630309/abstract |archive-url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20170525104318/http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x/abstract |dead-url=yes |archive-date=25 May 2017 |format=PDF |accessdate=26 June 2013 |doi=10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x }} {{Cite web |url=http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x/abstract |title=Archived copy |access-date=2019-07-17 |archive-date=2017-05-25 |archive-url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20170525104318/http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x/abstract |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref>
| type_genus = ''[[Orchis]]''
| type_genus_authority = [[Tourn.]] ''ex'' [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]
| subdivision_ranks = Subfaimilies
| subdivision =
* [[Apostasioideae]] <small>Horaninov</small>
* [[Cypripedioideae]] <small>Kosteletzky</small>
* [[Epidendroideae]] <small>Kosteletzky</small>
* [[Orchidoideae]] <small>Eaton</small>
* [[Vanilloideae]] <small>Szlachetko</small>
| range_map = Orchidaceae.png
| range_map_caption = Distribution range o faimily Orchidaceae
}}
'''Orchidaceae''' is a diverse an widespread  [[faimily (biology)|faimily]] o flouerin plants wi blooms that are eften colourfu an eften fragrant, commonly kent as the '''orchid faimily'''. Alang wi the [[Asteraceae]], thay are ane o the twa lairgest faimilies o flouerin plants, wi atween 21,950 an 26,049 currently acceptit [[species]], foond in 880 [[genus|genera]].<ref name="Stevens">{{cite web |author=P. F. Stevens |date=2001 onwards |title=Angiosperm Phylogeny Website Version 9 |date=June 2008 |url=http://www.mobot.org/mobot/research/apweb/welcome.html |publisher=[[Missouri Botanical Garden]] |accessdate=26 May 2013}}</ref><ref name=WCSP>{{cite web|url=http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/|title=WCSP |work= World Checklist of Selected Plant Families|accessdate=2010}}</ref> Selecting which of the two families is larger is still under debate, as concrete numbers on such enormous families are constantly in flux. Regardless, the nummer o orchid species equals mair nor twice the nummer o [[bird]] species, an aboot fower times the nummer o [[mammal]] species. The faimily an aa encompasses aboot 6–11% o aw [[seed plants]].<ref>{{cite journal |author=Yohan Pillon & Mark W. Chase |year=2007 |title=Taxonomic exaggeration and its effects on orchid conservation |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_conservation-biology_2007-02_21_1/page/263 |journal=[[Conservation Biology (journal)|Conservation Biology]] |volume=21 |issue=1 |pages=263–265 |doi=10.1111/j.1523-1739.2006.00573.x |pmid=17298532}}</ref> The lairgest genera are ''[[Bulbophyllum]]'' (2,000 species), ''[[Epidendrum]]'' (1,500 species), ''[[Dendrobium]]'' (1,400 species) an ''[[Pleurothallis]]'' (1,000 species).

The '''Yucatán Peninsula''' ({{lang-es|Península de Yucatán}}), in sootheastren [[Mexico]], separates the [[Caribbean Sea]] frae the [[Gulf o Mexico]], wi the northren coastline on the [[Yucatán Channel]]. The [[peninsula]] lies east o the [[Isthmus o Tehuantepec]], a northwastren  [[geografie|geografic]] pairteetion separatin the region o [[Central Americae]] frae the rest o [[North Americae]].

, instead. -->
| romanized        =
| former type      = 
| type             = [[S.A. (corporation)|Société Anonyme]]
| traded_as        = 
| industry         = [[Automotive]]
| genre            = <!-- Only used with media and publishing companies -->
| fate             = 
| predecessor      = 
| successor        = 
| foundation       = Paris, [[Fraunce]] (1919)
| founder          = [[André Citroën]]
| defunct          = <!-- {{End date|YYYY|MM|DD}} -->
| location_city    = [[Saint-Ouen, Seine-Saint-Denis|Saint-Ouen]]<ref>"[http://www.humanite.fr/2006-10-28_Societe_Saint-Ouen-retrouve-son-fleuve-la-Seine Saint-Ouen retrouve son fleuve, la Seine] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080930160558/http://www.humanite.fr/2006-10-28_Societe_Saint-Ouen-retrouve-son-fleuve-la-Seine |date=2008-09-30 }}." ''[[l'Humanité]]''. 28 October 2006. Retrieved on 3 February 2010. "La mort lente des petites entreprises, la délocalisation des plus importantes ont transformé Saint-Ouen. Il ne reste en centre-ville que l’usine Citroën.."</ref>
| location_country = Fraunce
| locations        = <!-- Number of locations, stores, offices &c. -->
| area_served      = Warldwide
| key_people       = [[Frédéric Saint Geours]], Director
| products         = [[Automobile]]s
| production       = 1,435,688 vehicles (2011)
| services         = 
| revenue          = 
| operating_income = 
| net_income       = 
| aum              = <!-- Only used with financial services companies -->
| assets           = 
| equity           = 
| owner            = 
| num_employees    = 13,900<ref name="citroen.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.piecescitroensport.citroen.com/CWW/en-US/ABOUTCITROEN/IDENTITYCARD/THECOMPANY/|title=The Company|accessdate=2007-09-19|work=citroen.com|archive-date=2010-05-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100511194507/http://www.piecescitroensport.citroen.com/CWW/en-US/ABOUTCITROEN/IDENTITYCARD/THECOMPANY|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| parent           = [[Groupe PSA]]
| divisions        = 
| subsid           = 
| homepage         = {{URL|http://www.citroen.com/}}
| footnotes        = 
| intl             =
| bodystyle        =
}}

| lang2 = [[Cheenese numerals#Negative numbers|Cheenese numeral]]
| lang2 symbol = 负一，负弌，负壹
| lang3 = [[Bengali language|Bengali]]
| lang3 symbol = −{{resize|150%|১}}
}}
In [[mathematics]], −1 is the [[additive inverse]] o [[1 (nummer)|1]], thon is, the number thon whan [[addit]] tae 1 gives the additive identity element, 0. It is the [[negative]] [[integer]] greater than negative twa (−2) an less nor [[0]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Deshpande|first=J. V.|url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=Xrh89dLWZqEC&redir_esc=y|title=Mathematical Analysis and Applications: An Introduction|date=2004|publisher=Alpha Science Int'l Ltd.|isbn=978-1-84265-189-6|language=en}}</ref>

<br>{{lang-sco|Motherwal}}
|code       = MTH
|image_name = Motherwell railway station platforms 1 and 2.jpg
|caption    = Motherwal railway station at Platforms 1 and 2. Trains runnin on the [[West Coast Main Line]] stap here.
|owner      = [[Network Rail]]
|manager    = [[First ScotRail]]
|locale     = [[Motherwal]]
|borough    = [[North Lanarkshire]]
|coordinates = {{coord|55.791570|-3.994208|type:railwaystation_region:GB_scale:10000|display=inline,title}}
|platforms  = 4 
|pte        = [[Strathclyde Partnership for Transport]]
|usage0203  = {{pad|1em}} 0.908
|usage0405  = {{increase}} 0.962
|usage0506  = {{increase}} 1.052
|usage0607  = {{increase}} 1.095
|usage0708  = {{increase}} 1.097
|usage0809  = {{increase}} 1.366
|usage0910  = {{decrease}} 1.296
|usage1011  = {{increase}} 2.306
|years      =
|events     =
|gridref    = NS750571
}}
'''Motherwell railway station''' serves [[Motherwal]] in [[North Lanrikshire]], [[Scotland]].

{{fixscots|date=September 2020}}
{{italic title}}

is a beuk]]
A '''beuk''' (spelt '''buik''' anaw) is a set o [[prenting|prentit]] sheets o [[paper]]s hauden thegither atwein twa kivers. The sheets o paper ar forordnar kiver'd wi a [[text]]: [[leid]] an [[illustration]]s: that is the main pynt o a prentit beuk. 

A '''biotope''' is an area o stieve environmental conditions giein scowth tae ae kynd o menyie o [[flora (plants)|plants]] an [[fauna (ainimals)|beasts]].

'''Spinel''' {{IPAc-en|ˈ|s|p|ɪ|n|ɛ|l}} is the magnesium aluminium member o the braider [[spinel group]] o minerall. It haes the formula MgAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>.<ref name=Mindat>[http://www.mindat.org/min-3729.html Spinel at Mindat]</ref> It wis kent i the bygane '''ruby ballas''', miskent as bein sae like wae rubies an wis muckle socht efter for tae mak jowlry an ither sic plaister. 

{{Drugbox
| Watchedfields = chynged
| verifiedrevid = 477168837
| IUPAC_name = (''RS'')-2-(2-Chlorophenyl)-2-(methylamino)cyclohexanone
| image = Ketamine.svg
| width = 150px
| image2 = S-ketamine-from-HCl-xtal-3D-balls.png
| width2 = 175px
| alt2 = (''S'')-Ketamine ball-and-stick model

{{chembox
| Watchedfields = chynged
| verifiedrevid = 464361974
| Name = Potassium hydroxide
| ImageFile1 = Potassium hydroxide.jpg
| ImageSize1 = 200px
| ImageName1 = Pellets o potassium hydroxide
| ImageFile = Potassium-hydroxide-xtal-3D-vdW.png
| ImageName = Crystal structur o KOH
| ImageSize = 150px
| IUPACName = Potassium hydroxide
| OtherNames = Caustic potash, Potash lye, Potassia, Potassium hydrate
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = WZH3C48M4T
| InChI = 1/K.H2O/h;1H2/q+1;/p-1
| InChIKey = KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-REWHXWOFAT
| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEBI = 32035
| SMILES = [K+].[OH-]
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/K.H2O/h;1H2/q+1;/p-1
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M
| CASNo = 1310-58-3
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| PubChem = 14797
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 14113
| RTECS = TT2100000
| UNNumber = 1813
| EINECS = 215-181-3
}}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
| K=1|O=1|H=1
| Appearance = white solid, [[deliquescent]]
| Odor = odorless
| Density = 2.044 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (20 °C)<ref name=crc/><br> 2.12 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (25 °C)<ref name=chemister />
| Solubility = 85 g/100 g (-23.2 °C)<br> 97 g/100 mL (0 °C)<br> 121 g/100 mL (25 °C)<br> 138.3 g/100 mL (50 °C)<br> 162.9 g/100 mL (100 °C)<ref name=crc>{{RubberBible86th|page=4-80}}</ref><ref name=sioc>{{cite book|last = Seidell|first = Atherton|last2 = Linke|first2 = William F.|year = 1952|title = Solubilities of Inorganic and Organic Compounds|publisher = Van Nostrand|url = [http://books.google.com/books?id=k2e5AAAAIAAJ Google Books]|accessdate = 2014-05-29}}</ref>
| SolubleOther = soluble in [[alcohol]], [[glycerol]] <br> insoluble in [[ether]], liquid [[ammonia]]
| Solubility2 = 55 g/100 g (28 °C)<ref name=chemister />
| Solvent2 = methanol
| MeltingPtC = 406 
| BoilingPtC = 1327
| pKa = 13.5 (0.1 M)
| RefractIndex = 1.409 (20 °C)
}}
| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure
| Coordination =
| CrystalStruct =rhombohedral
}}
| Section4 = {{Chembox Thermochemistry
|   DeltaHf = -425.8 kJ/mol<ref name=b1>{{cite book| author = Zumdahl, Steven S.|title =Chemical Principles 6th Ed.| url = https://archive.org/details/chemicalprincipl0000zumd_u9g0| publisher = Houghton Mifflin Company| year = 2009| isbn = 0-618-94690-X|page=A22}}</ref><ref name=chemister>http://chemister.ru/Database/properties-en.php?dbid=1&id=325</ref>
|   Entropy = 79.32 J/mol·K<ref name=b1 /><ref name=chemister />
|   DeltaGf = -380.2 kJ/mol<ref name=chemister />
|   HeatCapacity = 65.87 J/mol·K<ref name=chemister />
 }}
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards
| ExternalMSDS = [http://www.inchem.org/documents/icsc/icsc/eics0357.htm ICSC 0357]
|   GHSPictograms = {{GHS05}}{{GHS07}}<ref name="sigma">{{Sigma-Aldrich|id=757551|name=Potassium hydroxide|accessdate=2014-05-18}}</ref>
| GHSSignalWord = Danger
|   HPhrases = {{H-phrases|302|314}}<ref name="sigma" />
|   PPhrases = {{P-phrases|280|305+351+338|310}}<ref name="sigma" />
| EUIndex = 019-002-00-8
| EUClass = {{Hazchem C}} {{Hazchem Xn}}
| RPhrases = {{R22}}, {{R35}}
| SPhrases = {{S1/2}}, {{S26}}, {{S36/37/39}}, {{S45}}
| NFPA-H = 3
| NFPA-F = 0
| NFPA-R = 1
| NFPA-O = 
| FlashPt = Non-flammable
| LD50 = 273 mg/kg (oral, rat)<ref>http://chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/rn/1310-58-3</ref>
}}
| Section8 = {{Chembox Related
| OtherAnions = [[Potassium hydrosulfide]]<br/>[[Potassium amide]]
| OtherCations = [[Lithium hydroxide]]<br/>[[Sodium hydroxide]]<br/>[[Rubidium hydroxide]]<br/>[[Caesium hydroxide]]
| OtherCpds = [[Potassium oxide]]
}}
}}
'''Potassium hydroxide''' is an [[inorganic compoond]] wi the formula [[potassium|K]][[hydroxide|OH]], commonly cried '''caustic [[potash]]'''.

{{taxobox
|image = Ragged-robin 800.jpg
|image_caption = ''Lychnis flos-cuculi'' (Ragged Robin)
|regnum = [[Plant]]ae
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Core eudicots]]
|ordo = [[Caryophyllales]]
|familia = [[Caryophyllaceae]]
|genus = '''''Lychnis'''''
|genus_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]]
|subdivision_ranks = Species
|subdivision = See text
|}}

, as here frae an [[aeroplane]], the lift's [[colour]] varies frae fauch tae daurk at elevations naur the [[zenith]]]]
 bi the sundoun]]
The '''lift''' is the pairt o the [[atmosphere]] or o [[ooter space]] veesible frae the surface o ony ''[[astronomical object]]''. It is haurd tae define preceese for mony a raison. In [[daylicht]], the lift o the [[Yird]] haes the cast o a deep [[blue]] surface acause o the [[air]]'s [[spairgin]] o [[sunlicht]].<ref>{{cite journal |last=Tyndall |first=John |authorlink=John Tyndall  |date=December 1868 |title=On the Blue Colour of the Sky, the Polarization of Skylight, and on the Polarization of Light by Cloudy Matter Generally |journal=[[Proceedings of the Royal Society of London]] |volume=17 |pages=223–233 |url=http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0370-1662%281868%2F1869%2917%3C223%3AOTBCOT%3E2.0.CO%3B2-X&size=LARGE |doi=10.1098/rspl.1868.0033}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Rayleigh |first=Lord|authorlink=Lord Rayleigh |date=June 1871 |title=On the scattering of light by small particles |journal=[[Philosophical Magazine]] |volume=41, 275 |pages=447–451}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Watson |first=JG |date=June 2002 |title=Visibility: Science and Regulation |journal=J. Air & Waste Manage. Assoc |volume=52 |pages=628–713 |url=http://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&lr=&q=cache:aulPiqN6uTUJ:www.awma.org/journal/pdfs/2002/6/Crit_Review.pdf+ |accessdate=2007-04-19 }}{{Dead link|date=December 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>[http://math.ucr.edu/home/baez/physics/General/BlueSky/blue_sky.html Why is the sky Blue?<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> The lift is whiles defined as the denser [[gas]]eous pairts o a [[planet]]'s [[atmosphere]]. At nicht, the lift haes the cast o a black surface or region spelfert wi [[starn]]s.

| death_place=[[Roum]], [[Papal States]], [[Haly Roman Empire]]
| previous_post={{unbulleted list|[[Cardinal-Bishop o Ostia]] (1078–88)|[[Cardinal-Bishop o Velletri]] (1080–88)|Legate in Germany (1084–85)}}
| feast_day=29 July
| venerated=[[Roman Catholic Kirk]]
| beatified_date=14 Julie 1881
| beatified_place=[[Roum]]
| beatified_by=[[Pape Leo XIII]]
| attributes = {{unbulleted list|Papal vestments|[[Papal tiara]]|Staff}}
| other=Urban}}
'''Pape Urban II''' ({{lang-la|Urbanus II}}; {{c.|1042}}&nbsp;– 29 Julie 1099), born '''Odo o Châtillon''' or '''Otho de Lagery''',{{sfn|Celli-Fraentzel|1932|p=97}}{{refn|Alternatively, '''Otto''', '''Odo''', or '''Eudes'''.}} wis [[pape]] frae 12 Mairch 1088 tae his daith in 1099. He is best kent for initiatin the [[First Crusade]] (1096–99) an settin up the modren-day [[Roman Curia]] in the manner o a ryal ecclesiastical coort tae help run the Kirk.{{sfn|McBrien|2000|p=182}}

{{Speciesbox
| image = Pholcus.phalangioides.6908.jpg
| image_caption = Wi [[craneflee]] prey (spiderlings veesible at richt)
| taxon = Pholcus phalangioides
| authority = [[Johann Kaspar Füssli|Füssli]], 1775
| range_map = Distribution.pholcus.phalangioides.1.png
}}
'''''Pholcus phalangioides''''' is a speeder o the faimily [[Pholcidae]]. 

'''Handsel Monanday''' is the first [[Monanday]] o the year, especially as uisst tae be celebrate in [[Scotland]] an northren [[Ingland]].

{{fixscots|date=Mairch 2021}}

{{Taxobox
| name = Plants
| fossil_range = {{long fossil range|Mesoproterozoic|present}}
| image = Diversity of plants image version 5.png
| image_caption =
| domain = [[Eukaryota]]
| unranked_regnum = [[Archaeplastida]]
| regnum = '''Plantae'''
| regnum_authority = ''sensu'' Copeland, 1956
| subdivision_ranks = Divisions
| subdivision =
* [[extinction|†]]'''[[Nematophytes]]''' (?)
* '''[[Chlorophyta]]'''
** [[Palmophyllales]]
** [[Prasinophyceae]]
** [[Nephroselmidophyceae]]
** [[Pseudoscourfieldiales]]
** [[Pyramimonadophyceae]]
** [[Mamiellophyceae]]
** [[Scourfieldiales]]
** [[Pedinophyceae]]
** [[Chlorodendrophyceae]]
** [[Trebouxiophyceae]]
** [[Ulvophyceae]]
** [[Chlorophyceae]]
*'''[[Streptophyta]]''' s.l.
** [[Chlorokybophyceae|Chlorokybophyta]]
** [[Mesostigmatophyceae|Mesostigmatophyta]]
** [[Klebsormidiophyceae|Klebsormidiophyta]]
** [[Charophyta]] (stoneworts)
** [[Chaetosphaeridiales]]
** [[Coleochaetophyceae|Coleochaetophyta]]
** [[Zygnematophyceae|Zygnematophyta]]
** [[Embryophyta]] (land plants)
| synonyms=
* [[Viridiplantae]] <small>Cavalier-Smith 1981</small><ref name=CavalierSmith1981>{{cite journal |first=T. |last=Cavalier-Smith|date=1981|title=Eukaryote kingdoms: Seven or nine?|journal=BioSystems|volume=14|issue=3–4|pages=461–481|doi=10.1016/0303-2647(81)90050-2|pmid=7337818}}</ref>
* Chlorobionta <small>Jeffrey 1982, emend. Bremer 1985, emend. Lewis and McCourt 2004</small><ref name=LewisMcCourt>{{cite journal|last1=Lewis|first1=L.A.|first2=R.M.|last2=McCourt|date=2004|title=Green algae and the origin of land plants|journal=American Journal of Botany|volume=91|pages=1535–1556|doi=10.3732/ajb.91.10.1535|pmid=21652308}}</ref>
* Chlorobiota <small>Kenrick and Crane 1997</small><ref name=KenrickCrane1997>{{cite book |last1=Kenrick|first1=Paul|last2=Crane|first2=Peter R.|date=1997|title=The origin and early diversification of land plants: A cladistic study|url=https://archive.org/details/originearlydiver0000kenr|location=Washington, D. C.|publisher=Smithsonian Institution Press|isbn=1-56098-730-8}}</ref>
* Chloroplastida <small>Adl et al., 2005 </small><ref name=Adl>{{cite journal|authors=Adl, S.M.| date=2005|title=The new higher level classification of eukaryotes with emphasis on the taxonomy of protists|journal=Journal of Eukaryote Microbiology|volume= 52|pages=399–451|doi=10.1111/j.1550-7408.2005.00053.x |display-authors=etal|pmid=16248873}}</ref>
* Phyta Barkley 1939 emed. Holt & Uidica 2007
* Cormophyta Endlicher, 1836
* Cormobionta Rothmaler, 1948
* Euplanta Barkley, 1949
* Telomobionta Takhtajan, 1964
* Embryobionta Cronquist et al., 1966
* Metaphyta Whittaker, 1969
}}
'''Plants''' (an aa spelled "'''plaunts'''") are ane o five big groups ([[Kinrick (biology)|kinricks]]) o leevin things. Thay are [[autotroph]]ic [[eukaryote]]s; that means thay hae complex [[cell (biology)|cells]], an mak thair ain fuid. For ordinar, thay canna muive.

{{taxobox
|name = Kerse
|image = Watercress (2).JPG
|image_caption = ''Nasturtium officinale''
|regnum = [[Plantae]]
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Rosids]]
|ordo = [[Brassicales]]
|familia = [[Brassicaceae]]
|genus = ''[[Nasturtium (genus)|Nasturtium]]''
|species = '''''N. officinale'''''
|binomial = ''Nasturtium officinale''
|binomial_authority = [[W.T. Aiton]]
|synonyms = 
''Nasturtium nasturtium-aquaticum'' <small>([[L.]]) [[H. Karst.]]</small><br />
''Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum''  <small>(L.) Hayek</small><br />
''Sisymbrium nasturtium-aquaticum'' <small>L.</small>
}}
'''Kerses''' is fast-growin, watter or naur-watter, perennial plants, an ane o the auldest kent leaf vegetables etten by fowk. Thir plants is members o the Faimily ''Brassicaceae'' an is sib tae [[kail]] an [[skelloch]] — aw wi a merkit snell, peppery gust.

'''Death Valley''' is a [[glen]] in the [[U.S. state]] o [[Californie]]. It is the hettest, driest, an laichest place in [[North America]].<ref name="du">{{cite web|url=http://www.desertusa.com/dv/du_dvpmain.html|title=Death Valley National Park|work=Exploring the Southwest|publisher=DesertUSA|language=English|accessdate=2010-01-22}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wilderness.net/NWPS/wildView?WID=151|title=Death Valley Wilderness|accessdate=2013-04-28|publisher=University of Montana|archive-date=2013-03-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130330165609/http://www.wilderness.net/NWPS/wildView?WID=151|url-status=dead}}</ref> It is a [[desert]] southeast o the [[Sierra Nevada (US)|Sierra Nevada]] [[mountain range]]. Death Valley is a pairt o the [[Mojave Desert]]. It is the maist important pairt o Death Valley National Park. It is an [[endorheic basin]], whilk means that the rivers in it dinna rin tae the sea.

{{Fixscots}}
{{Aboot|the destrict o Glesga|the village in Sooth Ayrshire|Crosshill, Sooth Ayrshire}}

{{fixscots}}
[[Image:Mondino - Anathomia, 1541 - 3022668.tif|thumb|[[Mondino dei Liuzzi]], ''Anathomia'', 1541]]
'''Anatomy''' is the study o the structur o animals an thair pairts, an is an aa referred tae as zootomy tae separate it frae human anatomy.
{{Stub/Science}}
[[Category:Anatomy| ]]

Russian Airlines<br>Аэрофлот{{mdash}}Российские авиалинии
| logo = 
| logo_size = 250
| IATA = SU
| ICAO = AFL
| callsign = AEROFLOT
| founded = {{Start date|1923|2|9|df=yes}}
| commenced = {{Start date|1923|7|15|df=yes}}
| ceased =
| hubs = {{j|[[Sheremetyevo Internaitional Airport]]}}
| focus_cities =
| frequent_flyer = Aeroflot Bonus
| lounge =
| alliance = [[SkyTeam]]
| parent = [[Govrenment o Roushie]] (51%)
| subsidiaries = {{ubl|Aeroflot-Cargo|Aeroflot-Finance|[[Aurora (airline)|Aurora]]&nbsp;(51%)|Dobrolet&nbsp;(100%)|[[Donavia]]&nbsp;(100%)|Jetallians Vostok}}
| fleet_size = 153
| destinations = 129
| company_slogan = ''Sincerely Yours'' ({{lang-ru|Искренне ваш|italic=yes}},&nbsp;{{transl|ru|''Iskrenne vash''}})
| headquarters = [[Moscow]], [[Roushie]]
| key_people = [[Vitaly Savelyev]] <small>([[CEO]])</small>
| revenue          = {{increase}} [[Unitit States dollar|US$]]8,13 billion <small>(''FY 2012'')</small>
| operating_income = <!-- {{Increase/decrease/steady compared to previous year}} [[Unitit States dollar|US$]]XXX million <small>(''FY YYYY'')</small> -->
| net_income       = {{decrease}} [[Unitit States dollar|US$]]166 million <small>(''FY 2012'')</small>
| profit           = <!-- see [[profit (accounting)]] -->
| assets           = <!-- {{Increase/decrease/steady compared to previous year}} [[United States Dollar|US$]]XXX million <small>(''FY YYYY'')</small> -->
| equity           = <!-- {{Increase/decrease/steady compared to previous year}} [[United States Dollar|US$]]XXX million <small>(''FY YYYY'')</small> -->
| num_employees        = 30,328&nbsp;(Aeroflot Group)
|website =[http://www.aeroflot.ru/cms/en/ www.aeroflot.ru]
}}
'''[[Open joint stock company|OJSC]] Aeroflot{{spaced ndash}}Russian Airlines''' ({{lang-ru|link=no|ОАО «Аэрофло́т-Росси́йские авиали́нии»}}, {{transl|ru|''OAO Aeroflot-Rossiyskiye avialinii''}}) ({{MICEX-RTS|AFLT}}), commonly kent as '''Aeroflot''' ({{IPAc-en|lang|pron|ˈ|ɛ|r|oʊ|ˌ|f|l|ɔː|t}} or {{IPAc-en|audio=En-us-Aeroflot from Russia pronunciation (Voice of America).ogg|ˌ|ɛ|r|oʊ|ˈ|f|l|ɔː|t}}) ({{lang-ru|link=no|Аэрофлот}}, Inglis/Scots translation: "air fleet"), is the [[flag carrier]] an lairgest airline o [[Roushie]]. The [[Air carrier|carrier]] operates domestic an internaitional passenger services, mainly frae its [[Airline hub|hub]] at [[Sheremetyevo Internaitional Airport]].

{{fixscots}}
{{Paraphyletic group
| name = Oysters
| image = Crassostrea gigas p1040848.jpg
| image_alt = Paceefic eyster frae the Marennes-Oléron basin in France
| image_caption = [[Paceefic eyster]] frae the [[Marennes, Charente-Maritime|Marennes]]-[[Oléron]] basin in Fraunce
| auto = yes
| parent = Pteriomorphia
| includes = 
*[[Anomiidae]] – saidle eysters
*[[Dimyidae]] – dimyarian eysters
*[[Ostreidae]] – true eysters
*[[Placunidae]] – windaepane eysters
*[[Pteriidae]] – feather eysters
*[[Spondylidae]] – spiny eysters
| excludes = 
Aw ither members o:
*[[Anomioidea]]
*[[Ostreida]]
*[[Ostreoidea]]
*[[Pectinida]]
*[[Pectinoidea]]
*[[Pterioidea]]
}}
'''Eyster''' is whit monie unalike groups o bivalve mollusks are cried, maist o which bide in ocean airt or sautie watter. The huil is makkit o twa unco calcified valves what surroond a swack corp. Gills syle plankton fae the watter, an strang adductor muscles are uised tae claucht the huil closed.

{{taxobox
|name = Persel
|image = Petroselinum crispum 003.JPG
|image_caption = Persel leafs, neapolitanum group
|regnum = [[Plantae]]
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Asterids]]
|ordo = [[Apiales]]
|familia = [[Apiaceae]]
|genus = ''[[Petroselinum]]''
|species = '''''P. crispum'''''
|binomial = ''Petroselinum crispum''
|binomial_authority = ([[Philip Miller|Mill.]]) [[Johann Mihály Fuss|Fuss]]
|synonyms = ''Apium crispum'' Mill.<br />
''Apium petroselinum'' [[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]] <br />
''Petroselinum hortense'' Hoffm.
|}}
'''Persel''' (''Petroselinum crispum'') is a plant for ordinar uised as a [[yerb]].
{{Commonscat|Petroselinum crispum}}

|birth_place      = [[Florence]], [[Republic o Florence]]
|death_date       = {{death date and age|1521|12|1|1475|12|11|df=y}}
|death_place      = [[Roum]], [[Papal States]]
|other            = Leo
}}
'''Pape Leo X''' (11 December 1475 – 1 December 1521), born '''Giovanni di Lorenzo de' Medici''', wis the [[Pape|heid]] o the [[Catholic Kirk]] frae 9 Mairch 1513 til his daith in 1521.<ref>{{cite web|title=The List of Popes.|work= The Catholic Encyclopedia|volume= 12|location= New York|publisher= Robert Appleton Company|year= 1911|accessdate= 4 April 2013|url=http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12272b.htm}}</ref> The seicont son o [[Lorenzo the Magnificent]], ruler o the [[Florentine Republic]], he wis promuived tae the [[Cardinal (Catholicism)|cardinalate]] in 1489; subsequently promuivin tae the rank o [[cardinal-deacon]].

{{fixscots|date=Januar 2021}}

{{stub}}
{{Taxobox
| image = Yersinia pestis.jpg
| image_caption = A [[scannin electron microscope|scannin electron]] [[micrograph]] depictin a mass o ''Yersinia pestis'' bacteria in the foregut o an infectit flech
| domain = [[Bacteria]]
| regnum = [[Eubacteria]]
| phylum = [[Proteobacteria]]
| classis = [[Gammaproteobacteria]]
| ordo = [[Enterobacteriaceae|Enterobacteriales]]
| familia = [[Enterobacteriaceae]]
| genus = ''[[Yersinia]]''
| species = '''''Y. pestis'''''
| binomial = ''Yersinia pestis''
| binomial_authority = (Lehmann & Neumann, 1896)<br/>van Loghem, 1944
| synonyms = Bacillus 
* Bacille de la peste<br/><small>Yersin, 1894</small>
* ''Bacterium pestis''<br/><small>Lehmann & Neumann, 1896</small>
* ''Pasteurella pestis''<br/><small>(Lehmann & Neumann, 1896) Holland, 1920</small>
}}
'''''Yersinia pestis'''''<ref>Sutyak, Katya. "Yersinia Pestis." ''University of Connecticut''. University of Connecticut, n.d. Web. 10 Nov. 2015.</ref> (umwhile ''[[Pasteurella]] pestis'') is a [[gram-negative bacteria|Gram-negative]], [[Bacillus (shape)|rod-shapit]] [[coccobacillus]], a [[facultative anaerobic organism]] that can smit humans via the oriental ratton flech.<ref name=Sherris>{{cite book |veditors=Ryan KJ, Ray CG |title=Sherris Medical Microbiology |url=https://archive.org/details/sherrismedicalmi00kjry |edition=4th |pages=[https://archive.org/details/sherrismedicalmi00kjry/page/n501 484]–488 |publisher=McGraw Hill |year=2004 |isbn=0-8385-8529-9}}</ref> It causes the deidly tribble cried [[bubonic plague]] (or "the [[plague (disease)|plague]]" colloquially).<ref name="hisz.rsoe.hu">http://hisz.rsoe.hu/alertmap/site/index.php?pageid=event_desc&edis_id=BH-20150621-48754-USA</ref><ref>CDC http://www.cdc.gov/plague/</ref>

[[Image:Form of government parliamentary.png|right|400px|thumb|'''Cairt o different govrenmental seestems'''
{{legend|red|[[Constitutional monarchy|Constitutional monarchies]] in which authority is vestit in a pairlament.}}
{{legend|orange|[[Pairlamentary republic]]s whaur pairlaments are effectively supreme ower a separate heid o state.}}
{{legend|green|Pairlamentary republics wi an executive preses electit bi an responsible tae a pairlament.}}]]
A '''pairlamentary seestem''' is a seestem o democratic govrenance o a state in which the [[Executive (govrenment)|executive branch]] derives its democratic legitimacy frae, an is held accoontable tae, the [[legislatur]] ([[pairlament]]); the executive an [[legislative branch]]es are thus interconnectit.

</small>
| native_name_lang         =
| settlement_type          = [[Municipalities o Germany|Municipality]] an [[States in Germany|state]]
| image_skyline            = {{multiple image
  | total_width            = 280
  | border                 = infobox
  | perrow                 = 1/2/2/2/1
  | caption_align          = center
  | image1                 = AlsterPanorama.jpg
  | alt1                   = Inner Alster Loch at dusk
  | caption1               = [[Inner Alster Loch]] at dusk
  | image2                 = Hamburg, Landungsbrücken -- 2016 -- 3131-7.jpg
  | alt2                   = 
  | caption2               = [[St. Pauli Piers]]
  | image3                 = Elbphilharmonie Eastside View With Sandtorkai Quay Magellan Terraces Sandtorpark 2022-06-04 16-32.jpg
  | alt3                   = Hafencity
  | caption3               = {{lang|de|[[Hafencity]]|italic=no}}
  | image4                 = HamburgSpeicherstadt.jpg
  | alt4                   = Speicherstadt
  | caption4               = [[Speicherstadt]]
  | image5                 = Elbphilharmonie zum Sonnenaufgang (cropped).jpg
  | alt5                   = Elbe Philharmonic Hall
  | caption5               = [[Elbe Philharmonic Hall]]
  | image6                 = Sankt-Michaelis-Kirche Hamburg.jpg
  | alt6                   = St. Michael's Kirk
  | caption6               = [[St. Michael's Kirk, Hamburg|St. Michael's Kirk]]
  | image7                 = Rathaus Hbg.jpg
  | alt7                   = 
  | caption7               = 
  }}
| image_flag               = Flag of Hamburg.svg
| flag_size                = 120px
| image_shield             = Wappen der Hamburgischen Bürgerschaft.svg
| shield_size              = 70
| pushpin_map              = Germany#Europe
| pushpin_mapsize          = 250
| pushpin_relief           =
| pushpin_label            = Hamburg
|flag    =Flag of Hamburg.svg
| area_footnotes           =
| area_total_km2           = 755.22
| population_footnotes     = <ref>{{Population Germany|key=02000000|datref=QUELLE}}</ref>
| population_total         = {{Population Germany|key=02000000}}
| population_as_of         = {{Population Germany|key=02000000|datref=STAND}}
|pop_metro  =4300000
| blank_name_sec1          = [[Gross regional product|GRP (nominal)]]
| blank_info_sec1          = €123 billion (2019)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.statistik-bw.de/VGRdL/tbls/tab.jsp|title=Bruttoinlandsprodukt – in jeweiligen Preisen – in Deutschland 1991 bis 2019 nach Bundesländern (WZ 2008) – VGR dL|website=www.vgrdl.de|access-date=21 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200625204722/https://www.statistik-bw.de/VGRdL/tbls/tab.jsp|archive-date=25 June 2020|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| blank1_name_sec1         = GRP per capita
| blank1_info_sec1         = €67,000<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.statistik-bw.de/VGRdL/tbls/tab.jsp|title=Bruttoinlandsprodukt – in jeweiligen Preisen – in Deutschland 1991 bis 2019 nach Bundesländern (WZ 2008) – VGR dL|website=www.statistik-bw.de|access-date=21 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200625204722/https://www.statistik-bw.de/VGRdL/tbls/tab.jsp|archive-date=25 June 2020|url-status=dead}}</ref> (2019)
| blank1_name_sec2         = [[Human Development Index|HDI]] (2021)
| blank1_info_sec2         = 0.972<ref name="GlobalDataLab">{{Cite web|url=https://hdi.globaldatalab.org/areadata/shdi/|title=Sub-national HDI - Area Database - Global Data Lab|website=hdi.globaldatalab.org|language=en|access-date=13 September 2018}}</ref><br />{{color|green|very high}}
|Website   =[http://www.hamburg.de/ hamburg.de]
| leader_party             = {{Polparty|Germany|SPD}}
| leader_title             = [[Leet o mayors o Hamburgh|First Mayor]]
| leader_name              = [[Peter Tschentscher]]
| leader_title2            = Govrening pairties
| leader_name2             = {{Polparty|Germany|SPD}} / {{Polparty|Germany|Greens}}
| leader_title3            = [[Bundesrat o Germany|Bundesrat votes]]
| leader_name3             = 3 (o 69)
| iso_code                 = DE-HH
| blank_name_sec2          = [[First level NUTS o the European Union#Germany|NUTS Region]]
| blank_info_sec2          = DE6
| coordinates              = {{coord|53|33|N|10|00|E|display=inline,title}}
|date    =August 2010
}}

{{stub}}
{{fixscots}}
'''Veganism''' {{IPA|ˈviɡənɪzəm}} is the practice o abstainin frae the uise o [[ainimal product]]s, pairteecularly in diet, as weel as follaein an associate filosofie at rejecks the [[commodity]] status o [[sentiocentrism|sentient]] ainimals. A follaer o veganism is kent as a '''vegan'''.

| subdivision_type1       = [[Autonomous commonties o Spain|Autonomous commonty]]
| subdivision_name1       = {{flag|Catalonie}}
| subdivision_type2       = [[Provinces o Spain|Province]]
| subdivision_name2       = [[Province o Girona|Girona]]
| seat_type               = [[Caipital ceety|Caipital]]
| seat                    = [[Girona]]
| parts_type              = Municipalities
| parts_style             = list
| p1                      = [[Aiguaviva]], [[Bescanó]], [[Bordils]], [[Campllong]], [[Canet d'Adri]], [[Cassà de la Selva]], [[Celrà]], [[Cervià de Ter]], [[Flaçà]], [[Fornells de la Selva]], [[Girona]], [[Juià]], [[Llagostera]], [[Llambilles]], [[Madremanya]], [[Quart, Girona|Quart]], [[Salt, Girona|Salt]], [[Sant Andreu Salou]], [[Sant Gregori]], [[Sant Joan de Mollet]], [[Sant Jordi Desvalls]], [[Sant Julià de Ramis]], [[Sant Martí Vell]], [[Sant Martí de Llémena]], [[Sarrià de Ter]], [[Vilablareix]], [[Viladasens]]
| leader_party            = 
| leader_title            = Preses
| leader_name             = Cristina Alsina i Conesa
| area_footnotes          = 
| area_total_km2          =  575.5
| elevation_footnotes     = 
| elevation_m             = 
| population_footnotes    = 
| population_total        = 175148
| population_as_of        = 2008
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_demonym      = Gironí
| population_note         = 
| blank_name_sec1         = [[Leet o municipalities o Spain|Lairgest municipality]]
| blank_info_sec1         = [[Girona]]
| timezone1               = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset1             = +1
| timezone1_DST           = [[Central European Simmer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset1_DST         = +2
| postal_code_type        = [[Leet o postal codes in Spain|Postal code]]
| postal_code             = 
| area_code_type          = [[Telephone nummers in Spain|Dialin code]]
| area_code               = 
| website                 = 
| footnotes               = 
}}

|birth_place      =[[Champaign-Urbana]], [[Illinois]], [[Unitit States|U.S.]]
|residence        =[[Unitit States]]
|nationality      =[[Unitit States|American]]
|field            =[[Pheesics]]
|work_institution =[[UC Berkeley]]/[[LBNL]]
|alma_mater       =[[Harvard]] (AB)<br> [[UC Berkeley]] (PhD)
|doctoral_advisor =[[Richard A. Muller]]<ref name="Goldhaber09">{{cite journal |last=Goldhaber |first=Gerson |authorlink=Gerson Goldhaber |title=The Acceleration of the Expansion of the Universe: A Brief Early History of the Supernova Cosmology Project (SCP) |journal=Proceedings of the 8th UCLA Dark Matter Symposium |location=[[Marina del Rey, California|Marina del Rey]]|arxiv=0907.3526 |accessdate=2009-07-21 |bibcode = 2009AIPC.1166...53G |doi=10.1063/1.3232196}}</ref>
|doctoral_students=<!--please insert-->
|known_for        =[[Acceleratin universe]] / [[Dark energy]]
|prizes           =[[Ernest Orlando Lawrence Awaird]] (2002)<br>[[Shaw Prize|Shaw Prize in Astronomy]] (2006)<br>[[Gruber Prize in Cosmology]] (2007)<br>[[Nobel Prize in Pheesics]] (2011)
|spouse=Laura Nelson (1 child)
}}

{{Fix Scots|date=October 2020}}

A '''vacuum cleaner''' (in the [[UK]] kent colloquially as a '''hoover''' an aw.<ref>In [[Unitit Kinrick|Breetain]] ''Hoover'' haes become sae associate wi vacuum cleaners for tae become a [[genericised tredmerk]]. The wird ''"hoover"'' (athoot ineetial capitalisation) is aften uised as a generic term for tae mean ''"vacuum cleaner"''. Hoover is uised as a verb an aw, as in ''"A juist hoovered the cairpet"''.</ref>) is a tuil that uises an air [[pump]] for tae mak a pairtial [[vacuum]] for tae [[souk]] up [[stour]] an clart, for ordinar frae fluirs.
Maist hames wi cairpetit fluirs in developed kintras haes a vacuum cleaner for the cleanin. The clart is gaithered by a filterin seestem or a [[cyclonic sinderin|cyclone]] for tae be gotten redd o later.

[[Image:Beach Stones 2.jpg|thumb|200px|{{center|Cobbles on a beach}}]]
'''Sediment''' is a naiturally occurring material that is broken doun bi processes o [[watherin]] an [[erosion]], an is subsequently [[sediment transport|transportit]] bi the action o wind, watter, or ice, an/or bi the force o [[gravity]] actin on the pairticle itself.

'''Pregnancy''' is the biological state a' a [[female]] whaurby she hae commenced the process a' [[reproduction]]. This process stairts wae the [[conception]] a' at least wan embryo an cairies on untae the pregnancy ends. This process usually results in the delivery a' a t least wan infant, aw tho the process may end wae spontaneous miscarriage, abortion or ither sic unusual complications as ectopic or molar pregnancy. 

'''Flake 99s''' is a kynd o ice (maist aft [[vaneelae]]) sert wi smaa [[Flake (kenmerk)|flakes]]. In parteecular it is weel-likit in the [[Unitit Kinrick]], sae muckle that it's e'en sert in the local [[McDonald's]].

| coordinates_footnotes =
| region              = [[Veneto]]
| province            = [[province o Venice|Venice]] (VE)
| frazioni            = Chirignago, Favaro Veneto, [[Mestre]], [[Marghera]], [[Murano]], [[Burano]], [[Giudecca]], [[Lido di Venezia|Lido]], Zelarino
| mayor               = [[Luigi Brugnaro]]
| area_footnotes      =
| area_total_km2      = 414.57
| population_footnotes =
| population_total    = 270660
| population_as_of    = 2009-04-30
| pop_density_footnotes =
| population_demonym  = Venetians
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m         = 0
| twin1               =
| twin1_country       =
| saint               = [[Mark the Evangelist|St. Mark the Evangelist]]
| day                 = 25 Aprile
| postal_code         = 30100
| area_code           = 041
| website             = {{Official website|http://www.comune.venezia.it/}}
| footnotes           =
}}

{{fixscots|date=Dizember 2020}}

|image_skyline          =LIMERICKCOLLAGE.jpg
|image_caption          = A montage o Limerick. Frae tap, left tae richt: [[Keeng John's Castle (Limerick)|Keeng John's Castle]], [[St_Mary's_Cathedral,_Limerick|St. Mary's Cathedral]], [[Clarion Hottle, Limerick|The Clayton Hottle]], [[Thomond Park]] an the Schuil o Medicine at the [[Varsity o Limerick]].
|image_flag             =
|image_shield           = IRL COA Limerick.svg
|motto                  = ''Urbs Antiqua Fuit<br/> Studiisque Asperrima Belli''{{spaces|2}}<small>([[Laitin leid|Latin]])</small><br>"Thare wis an auncient ceety<br/> vera fierce in the skills o war"<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.limerick.com/limerickcitymotto.html |title=Limerick City Motto |publisher=Limerick.com |date= |accessdate=2010-08-12 |archive-date=2010-11-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101108133611/http://www.limerick.com/limerickcitymotto.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|pushpin_map            = Ireland
|coordinates_display    = 
|coordinates_type       = dim:100000_region:IE 
|coordinates            = {{coord|52.6653|-8.6238|dim:12500_region:IE|display=inline,title}}
|subdivision_type       = [[Leet o kintras|Kintra]]
|subdivision_name       = [[Republic o Ireland|Ireland]]
|subdivision_type1      = [[Provinces o Ireland|Province]]
|subdivision_name1      = [[Munster]]
|subdivision_type2      = [[Coonties o Ireland|Coonty]]
|subdivision_name2      = [[Coonty Limerick|Limerick]]
|government_type        = [[Limerick City Council|City Council]]
|leader_title           = [[Mayor o Limerick|Mayor]]
|leader_name            = [[Gerry McLoughlin]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.limerickleader.ie/news/local/rugby-hero-mcloughlin-elected-mayor-of-limerick-1-3988315|title=Archived copy|access-date=2012-08-28|archive-date=2012-09-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120916224137/http://www.limerickleader.ie/news/local/rugby-hero-mcloughlin-elected-mayor-of-limerick-1-3988315|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|leader_title1           = [[Local electoral aurie|LEAs]]
|leader_name1            = 3
|leader_title2           =[[Dáil Éireann]]
|leader_name2            =[[Limerick City (Dáil Éireann constituency)|Limerick City]], [[Limerick (Dáil Éireann constituency)|Limerick]]
|leader_title3           =[[European Pairlament]]
|leader_name3            =[[Sooth (European Pairlament constituency)|Sooth]]
|established_title      = Foondit
|established_date       = <small>[[Anno Domini|AD]]</small> 812
|elevation_m            = 10
|area_total_km2         = 51.3
|population_as_of       = 2016
|population_urban       = 
|population_density_km2       = 1836
|population_blank1_title = Ceety
|population_blank1       = 94,192<ref>{{cite web |title=Census of Population 2016 |work=Profile 1 – Geographical distribution |publisher=Central Statistics Office |date=6 April 2017 |page=15 
|url=http://cso.ie/en/media/csoie/releasespublications/documents/population/2017/Chapter_2_Geographical_distribution.pdf |accessdate=6 April 2017 }}</ref>
|population_rank         = [[Leet o urban auries in the Republic o Ireland bi population|3rd]]
|population_blank2_title = [[Metropolitan aurie|Metro]]
|population_blank2       = 162,413<ref name="Eurostat">{{cite web|url=http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/cities/data/database|title=Database – Eurostat|publisher=Europa (web portal)}}</ref>
|population_demonym     = Limerickman, Shannonsider
|timezone               = [[Wastren European Time|WET]]
|utc_offset             = 0
|timezone_DST           = [[Erse Staundart Time|IST]]
|utc_offset_DST         = +1
|area_code              = (+353) 61
|website                = [http://www.limerickcity.ie/ www.LimerickCity.ie]
|blank_name             = [[Vehicle registration plates o Ireland|Caur plates]]
|blank_info             = L
}}
'''Limerick''' ({{IPA-en|ˈlɪm(ə)ɹɪk}}; {{lang-ga|Luimneach}}, {{IPA-ga|ˈl̪imʲɨnʲəx|}}<ref>Frae ''loimeanach'' {{IPA-ga|ˈl̪imʲənəx|}} meanin "bare mairsh" or "bare place o the horse", a name that is [[Roman Empire|Roman]] an is oreeginally applee'd tae pairt o the shoreland o the Shannon immediately belaw the present ceety.</ref>) is a ceety in [[Republic o Ireland|Ireland]]. It is locatit in the [[Mid-Wast Region, Ireland|Mid-Wast Region]] an is pairt o the [[Provinces o Ireland|province]] o [[Munster]] an aw. [[Limerick City Council]] is the [[Local govrenment in the Republic o Ireland|local authority]] for the ceety. The ceety is biggit on several curves an islands o the [[River Shannon]], which spreads intae an [[Shannon Estuary|estuary]] shortly dounriver frae Limerick. It is the third maist muckle ceety in the state an is the first tae receive the designation o [[Ceety o Cultur]].

{{Year dab|1943|the 1987 arcade game|1943: The Battle of Midway}}
{{Year nav|1943}}
Year '''1943''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MCMXLIII]]''') wis a [[common year stairtin on Friday]] (airtin will display the full calendar) o the [[Gregorian calendar]].

{{taxobox
|image = Alchemilla alpina1.JPG
|regnum = [[Plant]]ae
|unranked_divisio = [[Flowering plant|Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Rosids]]
|ordo = [[Rosales]]
|familia = [[Rosaceae]]
|genus = ''[[Alchemilla]]''
|species = '''''A. alpina'''''
|binomial = ''Alchemilla alpina''
|binomial_authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]
}}
'''''Alchemilla alpina''''', commonly kent as '''milsprinda''', is an arctic-montane [[herbaceous]] perennial plant hamelt in Europe an Soothren Greenland.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Alchemilla alpina Alpine Lady's Mantle, Mountain Lady's Mantle PFAF Plant Database|url=https://pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Alchemilla+alpina|access-date=2022-11-16|website=pfaf.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Alpine Lady's Mantle, Alchemilla alpina - Flowers - NatureGate|url=https://luontoportti.com/en/t/2274/alpine-ladys-mantle|access-date=2022-11-16|website=luontoportti.com}}</ref>

|image_flag = Flag of Portugal.svg
|image_coat = Coat of arms of Portugal.svg
|symbol_width = 100px
|motto =
|national_anthem = "{{lang|pt|[[A Portuguesa]]}}"<br/> {{smaller|"The Portuguese Fowk"}}<br/> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-top:0.4em;"></div>
|image_map = EU-Portugal with islands circled.svg
|map_caption = {{map caption |location_color=dark green |region=[[Europe]] |region_color=dark grey |subregion=the [[European Union]] |subregion_color=green}}
|capital = [[Lisbon]] 
|coordinates = {{Coord|38|46|N|9|9|W|type:city}}
|largest_city = caipital
|official_languages = [[Portuguese leid|Portuguese]]
|regional_languages = [[Mirandese leid|Mirandese]]{{Ref label|a|a}}
|ethnic_groups = {{unbulleted list |style=line-height:1.2em<!--Note: Fix for mobile-->; |96.3% [[Portuguese fowk|Portuguese]] |3.7% ithers}}
|ethnic_groups_year = 2011
|demonym = Portuguese
|government_type = [[Unitar state|Unitar]] [[Semi-presidential seestem|semi-presidential]] [[republic]]
|leader_title1 = [[Preses o Portugal|Preses]]
|leader_name1 = [[Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa]]
|leader_title2 = [[Leet o Preses o the Assembly o the Republic (Portugal)|Assembly Preses]]
|leader_name2 = [[José Pedro Aguiar-Branco]]
|leader_title3 = [[Prime Meenister o Portugal|Prime Meenister]]
|leader_name3 = [[Luís Montenegro]]
|legislature = [[Assembly o the Republic (Portugal)|Assembly o the Republic]]
|sovereignty_type = [[History o Portugal|Formation]]
|sovereignty_note = 
|established_event1 = [[Coonty o Portugal#First coonty|Foundation]]
|established_date1 = 868
|established_event2 = [[Coonty o Portugal#Seicont coonty|Re-foondin]]
|established_date2 = 1095
|established_event3 = [[Battle o São Mamede|Sovereignty]]
|established_date3 = 24 Juin 1128
|established_event4 = [[Kinrick o Portugal|Kinrick]]
|established_date4 = 26 Julie 1139
|established_event5 = [[Treaty o Zamora|Recogneetion]]
|established_date5 = 5 October 1143
|established_event6 = [[Manifestis Probatum|Papal recogneetion]]
|established_date6 = 23 Mey 1179
|established_event7 = [[Portuguese Restoration War|Restoration]]
|established_date7 = 1 December 1640
|established_event8 = [[5 October 1910 revolution|Republic]]
|established_date8 = 5 October 1910
|established_event9 = [[Carnation Revolution|Democratization]]
|established_date9 = 25 Apryle 1974
|established_event10 = [[Portuguese Constitution|Present Constitution]]{{Ref label|b|b}}
|established_date10 = 25 Apryle 1976
|established_event11 =[[Accession o Portugal tae the European Union|EEC accession]] 
|established_date11 = 1 Januar 1986
|area_km2 = 92,212
|area_rank = 111t
|area_sq_mi = 35,603
|area_footnote = <ref>{{pt icon}} [http://www.publico.pt/Sociedade/portugal-tem-92212-quilometros-quadrados-por-enquanto-1552831 Público. "Portugal tem 92.212 quilómetros quadrados, por enquanto..."]. Retrieved 2 July 2012. {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121005103756/http://www.publico.pt/Sociedade/portugal-tem-92212-quilometros-quadrados-por-enquanto-1552831 |date=5 October 2012 }}</ref>
|percent_water = 0.5
|population_estimate = 10,309,573<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ine.pt/xportal/xmain?xpid=INE&xpgid=ine_destaques&DESTAQUESdest_boui=281137261&DESTAQUESmodo=2|title=Statistics Portugal|website=Ine.pt|accessdate=2 August 2017}}</ref>
|population_census = 10,562,178<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20121127184227/http://www.ine.pt/scripts/flex_definitivos/Main.html]</ref>
|population_estimate_year = 2016
|population_estimate_rank = 83rd
|population_census_year = 2011
|population_density_km2 = 115
|population_density_sq_mi = 298
|population_density_rank = 97t
|GDP_PPP = $310.651&nbsp;billion<ref name="imf2">{{cite web |url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2017/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=50&pr.y=13&sy=2017&ey=2017&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=182&s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a=|title=Portugal |publisher=International Monetary Fund |accessdate=8 May 2017}}</ref>
|GDP_PPP_year = 2017
|GDP_PPP_rank = 50t
|GDP_PPP_per_capita = $30,193<ref name="imf2"/>
|GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 40t
|GDP_nominal = $202.770&nbsp;billion<ref name="imf2"/>
|GDP_nominal_year = 2017
|GDP_nominal_rank = 43t
|GDP_nominal_per_capita = $19,707<ref name="imf2"/>
|GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 36t
|Gini = 34.0 <!-- number only -->
|Gini_year = 2015
|Gini_change =  decrease <!-- increase/decrease/steady -->
|Gini_ref = <ref>{{cite web|title=Gini coefficient of equivalised disposable income – EU-SILC survey|url=http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=ilc_di12|publisher=Eurostat|accessdate=24 June 2017|location=Luxembourg|date=15 June 2017}}</ref>
|Gini_rank =
|HDI = 0.843 <!-- number only -->
|HDI_year = 2015 <!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year-->
|HDI_change = increase <!-- increase/decrease/steady -->
|HDI_ref = <ref name="HDI">{{cite web |url=http://hdr.undp.org/en/composite/HDI |title=2016 Human Development Report |date=2016 |accessdate=25 March 2017 |publisher=United Nations Development Programme }}</ref>
|HDI_rank = 41st
|currency = [[Euro]]{{Ref label|c|c}} ([[Euro sign|€]])
|currency_code = EUR
|time_zone = [[Western European Time|WET]] ([[Coordinated Universal Time|UTC]])<br/> [[Atlantic/Azores|AZOT]]
|utc_offset = −1
|utc_offset_DST = <!-- Note: leave blank as the Azores use UTC with no offset in summer time -->
|DST_note = {{smaller|Note: [[Mainland Portugal]] an [[Madeira]] uise WET/WEST, the [[Azores]] uise AZOT/AZOST}}
|time_zone_DST = [[Wastren European Simmer Time|WEST]] ([[Coordinatit Universal Time|UTC]]+1)<br/> [[Atlantic/Azores|AZOST]]
|antipodes = [[New Zealand]] an [[Paceefic Ocean]]
|date_format = dd/mm/yyyy
|drives_on = richt
|calling_code = [[Telephone nummers in Portugal|+351]]
|cctld = [[.pt]]
|footnote_a = {{Note|a}} [[Mirandese leid|Mirandese]], spoken in some veelages o the municipality o [[Miranda do Douro]], wis offeecially recognised in 1999 (''Lei n.° 7/99 de 29 de Janeiro''),<ref>{{cite web | url= http://mirandes.no.sapo.pt/LMPSlei.html | title= Reconhecimento oficial de direitos linguísticos da comunidade mirandesa (Official recognition of linguistic rights of the Mirandese community) | website= Centro de Linguística da Universidade de Lisboa | access-date= 2 December 2015 | archive-date= 2002-03-18 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20020318130143/http://mirandes.no.sapo.pt/LMPSlei.html | url-status= dead }}</ref> awarding it an official right-of-use.{{big|<ref>[http://bookshop.europa.eu/en/euromosaic-pbC29295845/downloads/C2-92-95-845-EN-C/C29295845ENC_001.pdf?FileName=C29295845ENC_001.pdf&SKU=C29295845ENC_PDF&CatalogueNumber=C2-92-95-845-EN-C The Euromosaic study, Mirandese in Portugal], europa.eu&nbsp;– [[European Commission]] wabsteid. Retrieved Januar 2007. Airtin updatit December 2015</ref>}} [[Portuguese Sign Leid]] is an aa recognised.
|footnote_b = {{Note|b}} [[Constitution o Portugal|Portuguese Constitution adoptit in 1976]] wi several subsequent minor revisions, atween 1982 an 2005.
|footnote_c = {{Note|c}} Afore 2002, the [[Portuguese escudo|escudo]].
|area_magnitude = 1 E10
}}

{{fixscots|date=Januar 2021}}

{{Fixscots}}
{{Unsoorced}}
The '''DAF 600''' is a [[sma family caur|small family car]] that wis [[DAF Trucks|DAF]]'s first production passenger car: it wis first presented at the [[Amsterdam]] [[Motor Show]] in Februar 1958 an wis in production bi 1959, awtho the firm haed published the first details o the car at the end o 1957. It wis available until 1963.

'''Hockey''' is a faimily o [[sport]]s in which twa teams play against ilk ither bi tryin to maneuver a [[baw]] or a [[Hockey puck|puck]] intae the opponent's goal uisin a [[hockey stick]]. In mony auries, ane sport (teepically [[field hockey]] or [[ice hockey]]<ref>{{cite book|editor1-last=Liebeck|editor1-first=Elaine|editor2-last=Pollard|editor2-first=Helen|title=The Oxford Paperback Dictionary|year=1994|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Oxford, England|isbn=0-19-280012-4|edition=4th}}</ref>) is generally referred tae simply as hockey.

{{Fix Scots|date=Januar 2021}}
<br>[[Brandenburg Gate]], [[Berlin Internaitional Film Festival]],<br>[[East Side Gallery]] ([[Berlin Waw]]), [[Alte Nationalgalerie]],<br>[[Reichstag bigin]] (Bundestag)
}}
|state_coa=Coat of arms of Berlin.svg
|coa_size=70px
|map=Berlin in Germany and EU.png
|map_size=270px
|map_text=Location within [[European Union]] an Germany
|flag=Flag_of_Berlin.svg
|area=891.85
|area_source=
|population=3562166
|pop_ref=<ref name="Population11">{{cite web|url=https://www.statistik-berlin-brandenburg.de/BasisZeitreiheGrafik/Bas-Einwohnerregister.asp?Ptyp=300&Sageb=12041&creg=BBB&anzwer=11|title=Amt für Statistik Berlin Brandenburg|work=[[Amt für Statistik Berlin-Brandenburg]]|year=2014|accessdate=5 March 2015|language=German}}</ref>
|pop_date=December 2014
| elevation = 34
| demonym       = Berliner
| GDP           = 94.7
| GDP_year      = 2010
|GDP_ref=<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.berlin.de/imperia/md/content/sen-wirtschaft/konjunkturdaten/a_03.pdf?start&ts=1272613011&file=a_03.pdf|title=Bruttoinlandsprodukt (nominal) in BERLIN seit 1995|language=German|date=30 March 2010|accessdate=15 May 2011|archive-date=2011-06-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110612112055/http://www.berlin.de/imperia/md/content/sen-wirtschaft/konjunkturdaten/a_03.pdf?start&ts=1272613011&file=a_03.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| Website       = [http://www.berlin.de/international/index.en.php berlin.de]
|leader_title=[[Govrenin Mayor o Berlin|Govrenin Mayor]]
|leader= Michael Müller
|leader_party= SPD
|ruling_party1=[[Social Democratic Pairty o Germany|SPD]]
|ruling_party2=[[Christian Democratic Union (Germany)|CDU]]
|votes=4
|divisions=12 [[Boroughs an localities o Berlin|boroughs]]
| NUTS          = DE3
| State         = Berlin
| Vorwahl       = 030
| Kfz           = B<small> (for earlier signs see note)</small><ref>Prefixes for vehicle registration wur introducit in 1906, but aften chyngit due tae the poleetical chynges efter 1945. Vehicles wur registered unner the follaein prefixes: "I A" (1906– Aprile 1945; devalidatit on 11 August 1945); no prefix, anerlie digits (syne Julie till August 1945), "БГ" (=BG; 1945–1946, for caurs, lorries an busses), "ГФ" (=GF; 1945–1946, for caurs, lorries an busses), "БМ" (=BM; 1945–1947, for motor bikes), "ГМ" (=GM; 1945–1947, for motor bikes), "KB" (i.e.: [[Allied Kommandatura|Kommandatura]] of Berlin; for aw o Berlin 1947–1948, continued for [[Wast Berlin]] till 1956), "GB" (i.e.: Greater Berlin, for [[East Berlin]] 1948–1953), "I" (for East Berlin, 1953–1990), "B" (for Wast Berlin as o 1 Julie 1956, continued for aw o Berlin syne 1990).</ref> 
| iso region    = DE-BE
| PLZ           = 10001–14199
|coordinates   = {{coord|52|30|2|N|13|23|56|E|display=inline,title}}
| date          = September 2010
}}
'''Berlin''' is the [[caipital|caipital city]] o [[Germany]] an is ane o the 16 [[states o Germany]]. Wi a population o 3.45&nbsp;million fowk, Berlin is Germany's maistmuckle city. It is the seicont maist populous ceety proper an the seivent maist populous urban airt in the [[European Union]].

{{fixscots}}
|location_map_size=270px|location_map_caption=Location of Oldbury Nuclear Power Station in South Gloucestershire|country=Ingland, Unitit Kinrick|location=Sooth [[Gloucestershire]]|status=Closed|commissioned=1967|decommissioned=2012|owner=[[Nuclear Decommissioning Authority]]|operator=[[Magnox Ltd]]|ps_units_manu_model=[[Associated Electrical Industries]]<br>[[C. A. Parsons and Company]]|ps_units_decommissioned=2 X 217&nbsp;MW|ps_electrical_capacity=434 MW<br>626 MW (Planned)}}

(Wi Him on the munt)<br>{{lang|la|''In nomine Domini''}} (In the name o the Lord)
|birth_name       = Giovanni Battista Enrico Antonio Maria Montini
|term_start       = 21 Juin 1963
|term_end         = 6 August 1978
|predecessor      = [[Pape John XXIII|John XXIII]]
|successor        = [[Pape John Paul I|John Paul I]]
|ordination       = 29 Mey 1920
|ordained_by      = [[Giacinto Gaggia]]
|consecration     = 12 December 1954
|consecrated_by   = [[Eugène Tisserant]]
|cardinal         = 15 December 1958
|created_cardinal_by = [[Pape John XXIII|John XXIII]]
|rank                =
|birth_date          = {{birth date|df =yes|1897|9|26}}
|birth_place         = [[Concesio]], [[Brescia]], [[Kinrick o Italy (1861–1946)|Kinrick o Italy]]
|death_date          = {{death date and age|df =yes|1978|8|6|1897|9|26}}
|death_place         = [[Castel Gandolfo]], Italy
|other               = Paul
|previous_post       = {{unbulleted list|[[Secretariat o State (Holy See)|Substitute for General Affairs]] (1937-1953)|[[Airchbishop o Milan]] (1954–1963)|[[San Martino ai Monti|Cardinal-Priest o Ss. Silvestro e Martino ai Monti]] (1958–63)}}
<!---------- Sainthood ---------->
| feast_day        = 
| venerated        = 
| saint_title      = Venerable
| beatified_date   = 
| beatified_place  = 
| beatified_by     = 
| canonized_date   = 
| canonized_place  = 
| canonized_by     = 
| attributes       = 
| patronage        = 
| shrine           = 
| suppressed_date  = 
}}
'''Pape Paul VI''' ({{lang-la|Paulus VI}}), born '''Giovanni Battista Enrico Antonio Maria Montini'''  (26 September 1897 – 6 August 1978), wis the [[Pape|heid]] o the [[Roman Catholic Kirk]] frae 21 Juin 1963 tae his daith in 1978.  Succeedin [[Pape John XXIII]], he continued the [[Seicont Vatican Cooncil]] which he closed in late 1965, an fostered improved ecumenical relations wi [[Eastren Orthodox Christianity|Orthodox]] an [[Protestant kirks|Protestants]], which resultit in mony historic meetins an agreements.

{{for|the album|Kairos (album)}}
[[Image:Kairos-Relief von Lysippos, Kopie in Trogir.jpg|thumb|Kairos-Relief von [[Lysippos]], Kopie in [[Trogir]]]]

To gralloch a (usually) deer is to disembowel and generally eviscerate it after it has been shot. This must be done as soon as possible after killing to minimise cross contamination and so is usually done on the hillside. This also makes the carcass lighter to carry, either on the back of a pony, or in a Land Rover. The contents are left on the hillside for the consumption of other wildlife and the carcass should then be stored in a temperature controlled game room to condition.

{{fixscots|date=Dizember 2020}}

{{sfn|Traugh|2010|p=13}}
| birth_place = [[Harlem]], New York City, U.S.
| occupation = {{flatlist|
* Rapper
* sangster
* sangwriter
* record producer
* actor
* entrepreneur
}}
| years_active = 1990 – present
| salary = $60 million<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.forbes.com/profile/sean-combs/ |title=Sean Combs - Forbes |work=[[Forbes]] |year=2015 |accessdate=28 April 2016 }}</ref>
| net_worth = {{profit}} $735 million (2015)<ref name="Greenburg 2015">
{{cite web
| title = The Forbes Five: Hip-Hop's Wealthiest Artists 2015
| last = Greenburg
| first = Zack O'Malley
| authorlink = Zack O'Malley Greenburg
| date = May 5, 2015
| work = [[Forbes]]
| url = http://www.forbes.com/sites/zackomalleygreenburg/2015/05/05/the-forbes-five-hip-hops-wealthiest-artists-2015/
| accessdate = June 27, 2015
}}
</ref>
| children = 6
| module = 
| label = {{flatlist|
* [[Bad Boy Records|Bad Boy]]
* [[Interscope Records|Interscope]]
}}
| associated_acts = {{flatlist|
* [[Diddy—Dirty Money]]
* [[Mary J. Blige]]
* [[The Notorious B.I.G.]]
* [[Jodeci]]
* [[Jennifer Lopez]]
* [[Faith Evans]]
* [[Lil' Kim]]
* [[Mase|Ma$e]]
* [[Jay-Z]]
* [[Usher (sangster)|Usher]]
* [[Rick Ross]]
* [[G. Dep]]
* [[French Montana]]
* [[Black Rob]]
* [[Shyne]]
* [[Mariah Carey]]
* [[Loon (rapper)|Loon]]
}}
}}
| alias = {{flatlist|
* Diddy
* P. Diddy
* Puff Daddy
* Puffy
* Puff
}}
}}
'''Sean John Combs''' (born November 4, 1969),<ref name="Allmusic Bio">
{{cite web
| last = Bush
| first = John
| title = Artist Biography [Sean Combs]
| publisher = [[AllMusic.com]]
| url = http://www.allmusic.com/artist/diddy-mn0000413000/biography
| accessdate = April 15, 2014
}}
</ref> an aa kent bi his [[stage name]]s '''Puff Daddy''', '''Puffy''', '''Diddy''', an '''P. Diddy''', is an American rapper, sangster, sangwriter, record producer, entrepreneur an actor.

[[Image:Ae poond.jpg|right|300px]]

{{for|the subsidiary company|Geely Auto}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2020}}
<ref>{{cite web|url=http://global.geely.com/why_geely.php#viewIndex=4|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170318173521/http://global.geely.com/why_geely.php|url-status=dead|title=History 1986–now|archivedate=18 March 2017|accessdate=26 June 2021}}</ref><br />in [[Taizhou, Zhejiang|Taizhou]], [[Zhejiang]]
| founder = [[Li Shufu]]
| location = [[Binjiang District]], [[Hangzhou]], [[Zhejiang]], China
| locations = 
| area_served = Worldwide
| key_people = {{unbulleted list
 |Li Shufu (Founder & Chairman) 
 |An Cong Hui (President)
}}
| products = [[Automobile]]s, [[Motorcycle]]s, [[internal combustion engine|engines]], [[transmission (mechanics)|transmission]]s, [[luxury vehicle]]s
| services = 
| revenue = {{increase}} {{CNY|link=yes|92.1&nbsp;[[1,000,000,000|billion]]}}<ref name="geelyauto.com.hk">{{cite web |url=http://www.geelyauto.com.hk/core/files/financial/en/2020-02.pdf |title=Annual Report 2020 |publisher=Geely Automobile Holdings Limited}}</ref>
| revenue_year = 2020
| operating_income = {{increase}} {{CNY|9.636&nbsp;billion}}<ref name="geelyauto.com.hk" />
| income_year = 2020
| net_income = {{increase}} {{CNY|6.44&nbsp;billion}}<ref name="geelyauto.com.hk" />
| net_income_year = 2020
| assets = {{increase}} {{CNY|206.74&nbsp;billion}}<ref name="geelyauto.com.hk" />
| assets_year = 2020
| equity = {{increase}} {{CNY|64.21&nbsp;billion}}<ref name="geelyauto.com.hk" />
| equity_year = 2020
| num_employees = 80,000<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.zgh.com/the-group-at-a-glance/ |title=The Group at a Glance |website=www.zgh.com |access-date=17 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171123051520/http://www.zgh.com/the-group-at-a-glance/ |archive-date=23 November 2017 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
| parent = 
| owner = [[Li Shufu]]
| divisions = 
| subsid = {{Collapsible list|title=List
|<!-- Please do NOT add Daimler AG as a subsidiary. A non-controlling, indirect Geely stake doesn't make Daimler a "subsidiary" of the former. Please see definitions of "subsidiary" and  "parent company" for further information"-->
* Aerofugia <ref name="electrive.com 2021">{{cite web | title=Volocopter announces joint venture with Geely subsidiary Aerofugia | website=electrive.com | date=2021-09-22 | url=https://www.electrive.com/2021/09/22/volocopter-announces-joint-venture-with-geely-subsidiary-aerofugia/ | access-date=2023-01-05}}</ref>
* [[Benelli (motorcycles)|Benelli]]<ref name="Cathcart 2018">{{cite web | last=Cathcart | first=Alan | title=Volvo owner Geely buys major stake in Benelli owner Qianjiang | website=DriveMag Riders | date=2018-03-12 | url=https://riders.drivemag.com/news/volvo-owner-geely-buys-major-stake-in-benelli-owner-qianjiang/ | access-date=2023-01-05}}</ref>
* CEVT (China Euro Vehicle Technology)<ref name="Amp 1970">{{cite web | title=Kinesiska staten storägare i Geely-bolag baserat i Göteborg | website=auto motor & sport | date=8 December 2021 | url=http://www.mestmotor.se/automotorsport/artiklar/nyheter/20211208/kinesiska-staten-storagare-i-goteborgsbaserat-geely-bolag/ | language=sv | access-date=2023-01-05}}</ref><ref name="Triches 2022">{{cite web | last=Triches | first=Robert | title=170 varslas om uppsägning på Geelyägda Cevt | website=Dagens industri | date=2022-11-08 | url=https://www.di.se/live/170-varslas-om-uppsagning-pa-geelyagda-cevt/ | language=sv | access-date=2023-01-05}}</ref>
* Emerald Automotive
* [[Geely Auto]]
* [[Geely Ming Industrial|Zhejiang Geely Ming Industrial]]
* [[London Electric Vehicle Company]]
* [[Lotus Cars]] (51%)<ref name="Lotus Geely Etika stake paultan.org"/>
* [[Lynk & Co]]
* [[Shanghai Maple|Maple]]
* [[Proton Holdings]] (49.9%)<ref name="Proton Geely stake paultan.org">{{cite web |author=Gerard Lye |url=https://paultan.org/2017/05/24/geely-to-acquire-49-9-percent-stake-in-proton-51-percent-in-lotus/ |title=Geely to acquire 49.9% stake in Proton, 51% in Lotus – definitive agreement to be signed before end of July |publisher=Driven Communications |date=24 May 2017 |access-date=27 May 2017 |archive-date=4 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190804215151/https://paultan.org/2017/05/24/geely-to-acquire-49-9-percent-stake-in-proton-51-percent-in-lotus/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[Renault Korea]] (34.2%)<ref name="Norihiko Shirouzu 2022">{{cite web | last=Norihiko Shirouzu | first=Heekyong Yang | title=China's Geely buys stake in Renault Korea, eyeing US exports | website=Reuters | date=2022-05-10 | url=https://www.reuters.com/business/autos-transportation/chinas-geely-buy-34-stake-renault-korea-207-mln-2022-05-09/ | access-date=2023-01-05}}</ref><ref name="Automotive News Europe 2022">{{cite web | title=Geely buys stake in Renault Korea, eyeing U.S. exports | website=Automotive News Europe | date=2022-05-10 | url=https://europe.autonews.com/automakers/geely-buys-stake-renault-korea-eyeing-us-exports | access-date=2023-01-05}}</ref>
* [[Smart (marque)|Smart]] (50/50 joint venture with [[Mercedes-Benz]])<ref name="U.S. 2020">{{cite web | title=Geely, Mercedes-Benz launch $780 million JV to make electric smart-branded cars | website=U.S. | date=2020-01-08 | url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-geely-daimler-jv-idUSKBN1Z7162 | access-date=2023-01-05}}</ref><ref name="CAR magazine 2019">{{cite web | author=CAR magazine | title=It's official: Geely buys 50 percent of Smart from Daimler | website=CAR Magazine | date=2019-03-28 | url=https://www.carmag.co.za/news/industry-news/its-official-geely-buys-50-percent-of-smart-from-daimler/ | access-date=2023-01-05}}</ref>
* [[Qianjiang Motorcycle]]
* [[Tangjun Ou Ling|Ouling Auto]]
* [[Terrafugia]]
* [[Volvo Cars]] (82%)<ref name="volvo_ownership_post_ipo">{{cite web |url=https://www.spglobal.com/_assets/documents/ratings/research/100817950.pdf |title=Nordic Credit Outlook |date=December 2021 |publisher=S&P Global Ratings |page=34 |access-date=December 13, 2021}}</ref>
** [[Polestar]](49.5%)<ref name="Hawkins 2021">{{cite web | last=Hawkins | first=Andrew J. | title=Electric car company Polestar is going public via SPAC | website=The Verge | date=2021-09-27 | url=https://www.theverge.com/2021/9/27/22696139/polestar-spac-public-value-ev-startup-volvo-geely | access-date=2023-01-05}}</ref>
* Yuan Cheng Auto (Farizon Auto)
* [[Zeekr]]<ref name="Julie Zhu 2022">{{cite web | last=Julie Zhu | first=Scott Murdoch | title=Exclusive: Zeekr, a premium Geely electric car brand, seeks over $1 billion in U.S. IPO - sources | website=Reuters | date=2022-12-12 | url=https://www.reuters.com/business/autos-transportation/geelys-premium-electric-car-brand-zeekr-seeks-over-1-billion-us-ipo-sources-2022-12-12/ | access-date=2023-01-05}}</ref>}}
| footnotes = in [[consolidated financial statement]]; shareholders' equity figure excluded [[perpetual bond]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.shclearing.com/xxpl/cwbg/nb/201704/t20170428_254292.html|title=2016 nián nián dù bào gào|script-title=zh:2016年年度报告|trans-title=2016 Annual Report|date=28 April 2017|access-date=15 April 2018|publisher=Geely Holding |language= zh-cn |via=Shanghai Clearing House website}}</ref>
| homepage = {{URL|zgh.com}}
| module = 
}}

'''Allah''' ({{IPAc-en|lang|pron|ˈ|æ|l|ə}} or {{IPAc-en|ˈ|ɑː|l|ə}};<ref>[http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/allah "Allah"]. ''[[Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary]]''.</ref> {{lang-ar|الله}} {{transl|ar|ALA|''Allāh''}}, {{IPA-ar|ʔalˤˈlˤɑːh|IPA|Ar-Allah.oga}}) is the [[Arabic leid|Arabic]] wird for '''[[God]]''' (''[[Arabic definite airticle|al]] ilāh'', leeterally "the God").<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pbs.org/empires/islam/faithgod.html|title=God|work=Islam: Empire of Faith|publisher=PBS|accessdate=18 December 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140327034958/http://www.pbs.org/empires/islam/faithgod.html|archivedate=2014-03-27|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>"Islam and Christianity", ''Encyclopedia of Christianity'' (2001): Arabic-speaking Christians and Jews also refer to God as ''Allāh''.</ref><ref>{{cite encyclopedia | title=Allah | encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia of Islam Online | author=L. Gardet | accessdate=2 May 2007}}</ref>

{{Fixscots}}
{{Stub}}

'''Gräfrath''' is a destrict o [[Solingen]] in the [[Germany|German]] federal state o [[North Rhine-Westphalie]], aboot 14 mile east frae [[Düsseldorf]].

|map_label_position=right
|image_coa=Coat of Arms of Raduzhny (Vladimir oblast).png
|coa_caption=
|image_flag=
|flag_caption=
|anthem=
|anthem_ref=
|holiday=
|holiday_ref=
|federal_subject=[[Vladimir Oblast]]
|federal_subject_ref=<ref name="Ref913" />
|adm_data_as_of=April 2011
|adm_city_jur=[[ceety o federal subject significance|closed admeenistrative-territorial formation]] o Raduzhny
|adm_city_jur_ref=<ref name="Ref913" />
|adm_ctr_of=closed admeenistrative-territorial formation o Raduzhny
|adm_ctr_of_ref=<ref name="Ref913" />
|inhabloc_cat=Town
|inhabloc_cat_ref=
|inhabloc_type=
|inhabloc_type_ref=
|mun_data_as_of=August 2009
|urban_okrug_jur=Raduzhny Urban Okrug
|urban_okrug_jur_ref=<ref name="Ref457" />
|mun_admctr_of=Raduzhny Urban Okrug
|mun_admctr_of_ref=<ref name="Ref457" />
|leader_title=
|leader_title_ref=
|leader_name=
|leader_name_ref=
|representative_body=
|representative_body_ref=
|area_of_what=
|area_as_of=
|area_km2=
|area_km2_ref=
|pop_2010census=18211
|pop_2010census_ref=<ref name="2010Census">{{ru-pop-ref|2010Census}}</ref>
|pop_density=
|pop_density_as_of=
|pop_density_ref=
|pop_latest=
|pop_latest_date=
|pop_latest_ref=
|established_date=1971
|established_title=
|established_date_ref=
|current_cat_date=1991
|current_cat_date_ref=
|prev_name1=Vladimir-30
|prev_name1_date=1991
|prev_name1_ref=
|postal_codes=
|postal_codes_ref=
|dialing_codes=
|dialing_codes_ref=
|website=
|website_ref=
|commonscat=
|date=March 2012
}}
'''Raduzhny''' ({{lang-ru|Ра́дужный}}) is a [[closed ceety|closed]] [[teeps o inhabitit localities in Roushie|toun]] in [[Vladimir Oblast]], [[Roushie]], locatit on the [[Pol River|Pol]], [[Buzha River|Buzha]], an [[Uzhbol River]]s, {{convert|12|km|sp=us}} sooth o [[Vladimir, Roushie|Vladimir]]. Population: {{ru-census2010|18,211|;}} {{ru-census2002|17,506|.}}

a the 2008 European Pool Championship.]]

{{Itheruises|Crete (disambiguation)}}

[[Mexico]]
|subdivision_type1      = [[Poleetical diveesions o Mexico|State]]
|subdivision_name1      = {{flagicon|Baja California}} [[Baja California]]
|subdivision_type2      = [[Municipality]]
|subdivision_name2      = [[Tijuana Municipality|Tijuana]]
|government_type        = [[Ayuntamiento]]
|leader_title           = [[Municipal preses o Tijuana|Municipal Preses]]
|leader_name            = [[Carlos Bustamante Anchondo]]
|leader_title1          =  <!-- for places with, say, both a mayor and a city manager -->
|leader_name1           =
|leader_title2          =
|leader_name2           =
|leader_title3          =
|leader_name3           =
|established_title      = Foondit|established_date       = 11 Julie 1889
|established_title2     =
|established_date2      =
|established_title3     =
|established_date3      =
|area_magnitude         =
|unit_pref              = Metric
|area_footnotes         =
|area_total_km2         = 637
|area_total_sq_mi       =
|area_land_km2          =
|area_land_sq_mi        =
|area_water_km2         =
|area_water_sq_mi       =
|area_water_percent     =
|area_urban_km2         =
|area_urban_sq_mi       =
|area_metro_km2         =
|area_metro_sq_mi       =
|population_demonym     = Tijuanan
|population_as_of       = 2010
|population_note        = <ref name="INEGI">[http://www.inegi.org.mx/sistemas/consulta_resultados/iter2010.aspx?c=27329&s=est Link to 2010 Mexican Census Info] INEGI: Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía e Informática.</ref>
|population_total       = 1300983
|population_density_km2 = 2212
|population_density_sq_mi =
|population_density_metro_km2 =
|population_density_metro_sq_mi =
|population_urban       =
|population_metro       = 1784034
|timezone               = [[Paceefic Staundart Time|PST]]
|utc_offset             = &minus;8
|timezone_DST           = [[Paceefic Daylicht Time|PDT]]
|utc_offset_DST         = &minus;7
|coordinates            = {{coord|32|31|30|N|117|02|0|W|region:MX|display=inline}}
|elevation_m            = 20
|elevation_ft           = 65
|postal_code_type       =[[Postal code]]
|postal_code            = 22000, 22200, 22127, 22440, 22444, 22650
|area_code              = [[Aurie code 664|664]]
|website                = http://www.tijuana.gob.mx
|footnotes              =
}}

'''Xenon''' is a [[chemical element]] wi the [[chemical seembol|seembol]]&nbsp;'''Xe''' an [[atomic nummer]]&nbsp;54. It is a colourless, hivy, odorless [[noble gas]], that occurs in the [[Yird's atmosphere]] in trace amoonts.<ref>{{cite web
 |author=Staff|year=2007
 |url=http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/sci/A0852881.html
 |title=Xenon|work=Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia
 |edition=6th|publisher=Columbia University Press
 |accessdate=2007-10-23}}</ref> Altho generally unreactive, xenon can unnergo a few [[chemical reaction]]s sic as the furmation o [[xenon hexafluoroplatinate]], the first [[noble gas compound]] tae be synthesized.<ref name="lanl">{{cite web
 |author=Husted, Robert|author2=Boorman, Mollie
 |date=December 15, 2003
 |url=http://periodic.lanl.gov/54.shtml|title=Xenon
 |publisher=Los Alamos National Laboratory, Chemical Division
 |accessdate=2007-09-26
}}</ref><ref>{{cite book
 |last=Rabinovich|first=Viktor Abramovich
 |author2=Vasserman, A. A.|author3=Nedostup, V. I.|author4=Veksler, L. S.|title=Thermophysical properties of neon, argon, krypton, and xenon|year=1988|edition=English-language
 |publisher=Hemisphere Publishing Corp.
 |location=Washington, DC|isbn=0-89116-675-0
 |url=http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1988wdch...10.....R
 |accessdate=2009-04-02}}—National Standard Reference Data Service of the USSR. Volume 10.</ref><ref name="beautiful">{{cite web|url=http://www.chem.umn.edu/class/2301/barany03f/fun/beautiful1.pdf
 |title=Chemistry at its Most Beautiful
 |accessdate=2007-09-13|last=Freemantel|first=Michael
 |date=August 25, 2003|format=PDF
 |publisher=Chemical & Engineering News}}</ref>

instead -->
| type                    = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment]]
| image_skyline           = Préfecture de la Savoie.JPG
| image_alt               = 
| image_caption           = [[Prefecturs in Fraunce|Prefectur]] biggin o the Savoie depairtment, in Chambéry
| image_flag              = 
| flag_alt                = 
| image_shield            = Blason duché fr Savoie.svg
| shield_alt              = 
| nickname                = 
| motto                   = 
| image_map               = Savoie-Position.svg
| map_alt                 = 
| map_caption             = Location o Savoie in Fraunce
| pushpin_map             = 
| pushpin_label_position  = 
| pushpin_map_alt         = 
| pushpin_map_caption     = 
| coordinates             = {{coord|45|35|N|6|20|E|region:FR_type:adm2nd|display=inline}}
| coor_pinpoint           = 
| coordinates_footnotes   = 
| subdivision_type        = [[Leet o kintras|Kintra]]
| subdivision_name        = [[Fraunce]]
| subdivision_type1       = [[Regions o Fraunce|Region]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes]]
| established_title       = 
| established_date        = 
| founder                 = 
| seat_type               = [[Prefecturs in Fraunce|Prefectur]]
| seat                    = [[Chambéry]]
| parts_type              = [[Subprefecturs in Fraunce|Subprefecturs]]
| parts_style             = para
| p1                      = [[Albertville]]<br>[[Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne]]
| government_footnotes    = 
| leader_party            = [[Union for a Popular Muivement|UMP]]
| leader_title            = [[Preses o the general cooncil|Preses o the General Cooncil]]
| leader_name             = [[Hervé Gaymard]]
| unit_pref               = Metric<!-- or US or UK -->
| area_magnitude          = 
| area_footnotes          = {{ref|area|1}}
| area_total_km2          = 6028
| area_note               = 
| elevation_footnotes     = 
| elevation_m             = 
| elevation_min_m         = 
| elevation_max_m         = 
| population_footnotes    = 
| population_total        = 405535
| population_as_of        = 2007
| population_rank         = [[Leet o French depairtments bi population|61st]]
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_demonym      = 
| population_note         = 
| blank_name_sec1         = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment nummer]]
| blank_info_sec1         = 73
| blank_name_sec2         = [[Arrondissements o Fraunce|Arrondissements]]
| blank_info_sec2         = [[arrondissements o the Savoie depairtment|3]]
| blank1_name_sec2        = [[Cantons in Fraunce|Cantons]]
| blank1_info_sec2        = [[cantons o the Savoie depairtment|37]]
| blank2_name_sec2        = [[Communes in Fraunce|Communes]]
| blank2_info_sec2        = [[communes o the Savoie depairtment|305]]
| timezone1               = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset1             = +1
| timezone1_DST           = [[Central European Simmer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset1_DST         = +2
| postal_code_type        = 
| postal_code             = 
| area_code_type          = 
| area_code               = 
| iso_code                = 
| website                 = 
| footnotes               = {{note|area|1}} French Land Register data, which exclude [[estuar]]s, an lochs, ponds, an glaciers lairger than 1 km<sup>2</sup>
}}
'''Savoie''' ({{IPA-fr|savwa}}; [[Arpitan]]: ''Savouè d'Avâl'' or ''Savouè'', {{lang-it|Savoia|link=no}}, {{IPA-it|saˈvɔja|}}; {{lang-sco|Savoy}}) is a [[Fraunce|French]] [[depairtments o Fraunce|depairtment]] locatit in the [[regions o Fraunce|region]] of [[Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes]] (previously [[Rhône-Alpes]]) in the French [[Alps]].

| type = [[Sea]]
| inflow =
| outflow =
| catchment =
| basin_countries = [[Canadae]], [[Greenland]]
| length = c. {{convert|1000|km|0|abbr=on}}
| width = c. {{convert|900|km|0|abbr=on}}
| area = {{convert|841000|km2|-2|abbr=on}}
| depth = {{convert|1898|m|0|abbr=on}}
| max-depth = {{convert|4316|m|0|abbr=on}}
| reference =<ref name=bse>{{cite web|url=http://dic.academic.ru/dic.nsf/enc_geo/153/%D0%9B%D0%90%D0%91%D0%A0%D0%90%D0%94%D0%9E%D0%A0#%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%CC%81%D1%800|language=Russian|title=Labrador|publisher=[[Great Soviet Encyclopedia]]}}</ref><ref name=r1>{{cite journal|author1=Wilson, R. C. L|author2=London, Geological Society of|doi=10.1144/GSL.SP.2001.187.01.05|title=Non-volcanic rifting of continental margins: a comparison of evidence from land and sea|isbn=978-1-86239-091-1|year=2001|page=77|volume=187|journal=Geological Society, London, Special Publications|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=-bsvkxVBTasC&pg=PA77}}</ref>
}}
The '''Labrador Sea''' ([[French leid|French]]: ''mer du Labrador'') is an airm o the [[North Atlantic]] [[Ocean]] atween the [[Labrador Peninsula]] an [[Greenland]].

{{italic title}}
{{taxobox
| name = ''Ajuga reptans''
| image = Ajuga reptans 20070429 132711 1.jpg
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
| unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
| unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
| unranked_ordo = [[Asterids]]
| ordo = [[Lamiales]]
| familia = [[Lamiaceae]]
| subfamilia = [[Ajugoideae]]
| genus = ''[[Ajuga]]''
| species = '''''A. reptans'''''
| binomial = ''Ajuga reptans''
| binomial_authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]
}}
'''''Ajuga reptans''''' whiles kent as '''deid man's bellaes''', is an [[yerbaceous plant|yerbaceous]] [[flouerin plant]] [[native plant|native]] tae [[Europe]].

A '''macromolecule''' is a very muckle [[molecule]] commonly creatit bi [[polymerization]] o smawer subunits.

'''Novosibirsk''' ({{lang-ru|Новосиби́рск}}, {{IPA-ru|nəvəsʲɪˈbʲirsk|pron}}) is [[Roushie]]'s third-lairgest [[types o inhabited localities in Roushie|ceety]], efter [[Moscow]] an [[Saunt Petersburg]], an the lairgest ceety o [[Siberie]] wi a population o 1.4 million (2010). It is the administrative centre o [[Novosibirsk Oblast]] as well as o the [[Siberian Federal District]]. The ceety is locatit in the sooth-wastren portion o the federal destrict an occupies an aurie o 477.2 square kilometres (184.2 sq mi).

[[Image:IngresOdipusAndSphinx.jpg|right|thumb|''[[Oedipus]] descrives the riddle o the [[Sphinx]]'', bi [[Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres]], (ca. 1805).]]
The '''Oedipus complex''' (an aw spelled '''Œdipus complex''') is a concept o [[psychoanalytic theory]]. [[Sigmund Freud]] introduced the concept in his ''[[The Interpretation of Dreams|Interpretation of Dreams]]'' (1899) an creatit the expression in his ''A Special Type of Choice of Object made by Men'' (1910).<ref>{{cite book |editor-last=Nagera |editor-first=Humberto |chapter=Oedipus complex (pp. 64ff.) |chapterurl=https://books.google.com/?id=_tcUbPPdf8AC&pg=PA64 |title=Basic Psychoanalytic Concepts on the Libido Theory |url=https://books.google.com/?id=_tcUbPPdf8AC&printsec=frontcover |year=2012 |origyear=[https://books.google.com/?id=iD1qAAAAMAAJ 1969] |publisher=Karnac Books |location=London |isbn=1-78181098-2 |id={{ISBN|978-1-781-81098-9}}}}</ref><ref name="LP">{{cite book |first1=Jean |last1=Laplanche |first2=Jean-Bertrand |last2=Pontalis |authorlink1=Jean Laplanche |authorlink2=Jean-Bertrand Pontalis |chapter=Oedipus complex (pp. 282ff.) |chapterurl=https://books.google.com/?id=DCpokE8C2WgC&pg=PA283&dq=%22Oedipus+complex%22 |title=The Language of Psycho-analysis |url=https://books.google.com/?id=DCpokE8C2WgC&printsec=frontcover |publisher=Karnac Books| location=London |year=1988 |edition=reprint, revised |origyear=[https://books.google.com/?id=tV99AAAAMAAJ 1973] |id={{ISBN|0-94643949-4}} |isbn=978-0-946-43949-2}}</ref> The positive Oedipus complex refers tae a bairn's [[Unconscious mind|unconscious]] sexual desire for the opposite-sex parent an hatred for the same-sex paurent. The negative Oedipus complex refers tae a child's unconscious sexual deseer for the same-sex paurent an hatred for the opposite-sex parent.<ref name="LP"/><ref name=Auchincloss>{{cite book | last=Auchincloss, M. D. | first=Elizabeth | title=The Psychoanalytic Model of the Mind| year=2015 | publisher=American Psychiatric Publishing |page=110}}</ref><ref name=Auchincloss2>{{cite book | last=Auchincloss M. D. | first=Elizabeth | title=Psychoanalytic Terms and Concepts| year=2012 | publisher=American Psychoanalytic Association |page=180}}</ref>

{{fixscots}}
'''Glayva''' is a [[liqueur]] produced in [[Leith]], bi [[Whyte and Mackay Ltd]]. It is marketit wi the slogan 'baist liqueur in the warld'.

The '''Atlantic Chairter''' wis a pivotal policy statement issued on 14 August 1941, that defined the Allied goals for the post-war warld. The leaders o the [[Unitit Kingdom]] an the [[Unitit States]] draftit the wirk an aw the [[Allies o Warld War II]] later confirmed it.

]]
'''Jules Shungu Wembadio Pene Kikunba''', kent as '''Papa Wemba''' ([[14 Juin]] [[1949]] à Lubefu in the [[Belgian Congo]] (thir days in East Kasai in the [[Democratic Republic o the Congo]]) an deid [[24 Aprile]] [[2016]] at [[Abidjan]] in [[Côte d'Ivoire]]) wis a Congolese muisicker, sangster an actor. He played maist aften muisic genres fae Congo itsel: [[Congolese rumba]], [[soukous]], [[ndombolo]].

A '''preesoner o war''' ('''POW''', PoW, PW) is a sodger makkit preesoner durin a weir.

{{Fixscots}}
</ref>
*API <ref>{{cite web|url=http://api.wikia.com|title=Wikia API Wiki|website=api.wikia.com}}</ref>
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{{Itheruises}}
]]
 | popestdate = {{English statistics year}}
 | pop = {{English cerem counties|POP=Buckinghamshire}}
 | density_km2 = {{English cerem counties|DEN=Buckinghamshire}}
 | adminpoprank = [[Leet o nan-metropolitan coonties o Ingland bi population|Rankit {{English admin counties|RNK=Buckinghamshire}}]]
 | adminpop = {{English admin counties|POP=Buckinghamshire}}
 | ethnicity = 91.7% White<br />4.3% S. Asie<br />1.6% Black
 | council = [[Buckinghamshire County Council]]; [[Borough of Milton Keynes]]<br />http://www.buckscc.gov.uk/ ; http://www.miltonkeynes.gov.uk/
 | mps =

The '''[[Austrick]] preses election 2016''' wis on on the 24t Apryle 2016 (first roun) an the 22t Mey 2016 (first saicont roun) an 4t o December 2016 (saicont time daein the saicont roun). The first saicont roun wis atween [[Alexander Van der Bellen]], wanthirlt candidate that is pairt o the [[Green pairty o Austrick|Greens]] (the winner) an [[Norbert Hofer]] o the [[FPÖ]]. The election wis eminent fur twa things: first, it wis the saicont Green preses in the warld, an the first in Austrick an, seicont, baith the feckmaist pairties o Austrick (the Social Democratic Pairty an the Fowk Pairty) wis out o the election fae the first roun. On the 1t o Julie, the constitutional court decides there eneuch irregularities (but nae cheaterie) that the fowk maun redae the election. In the redaein o the election, Van der Bellen bears the gree again, wi a muckler distance aheid o Hofer (53% agin 47%).

'''Poetry''' is a kynd o [[airt]] form an a kynd o [[leeteratur]]. 

{{infobox mineral
| name        = Asbestos
| boxwidth    = 
| boxbgcolor  = 
| image       = Asbestos with muscovite.jpg
| imagesize   = 
| alt         = 
| caption     = Fibrous [[tremolite]] asbestos on [[muscovite]]
| category    = 
| formula     = 
| strunz      = 09.ED.15
| dana        = 71.01.02d.03
| symmetry    = 
| unit cell   = 
| molweight   = 277.11 g
| color       = Green, reid, yellae, white, blue
| habit       = Amorphous, granular, massive
| system      = Orthorhombic
| twinning    = 
| cleavage    = 
| fracture    = Fibrous
| tenacity    = 
| mohs        = 2.5–3
| luster      = Silky
| streak      = White
| diaphaneity = 
| gravity     = 
| density     = 
| polish      = 
| opticalprop = Biaxial
| refractive  = 
| birefringence = 0.008
| pleochroism = 
| 2V          = 20° tae 60°
| dispersion  = relatively waik
| extinction  = 
| length fast/slow =
| fluorescence = Non-fluorescent
| absorption  = 
| melt        = 
| fusibility  = 
| diagnostic  = 
| solubility  = 
| impurities  = 
| alteration  = 
| other       = 
| prop1       = 
| prop1text   = 
| references = 
}}
'''Asbestos''' is a set o sax [[silicate minerals]] that occurs naitural-like.<ref name=Alleman&Mossman1997>{{Cite journal |date=July 1997 |author=Alleman, James E. |author2=Mossman, Brooke T |title=Asbestos Revisited |journal=[[Scientific American]] |pages=54–57 |url=http://virlab.virginia.edu/Nanoscience_class/lecture_notes/Lecture_14_Materials/Asbestos_CNT/Sci%20Am%20-%20Asbestos%20Revisited%20-%20July%201997.pdf |accessdate=26 November 2010 |bibcode=1997SciAm.277a..70A |volume=277 |doi=10.1038/scientificamerican0797-70 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100603095555/http://www.virlab.virginia.edu/Nanoscience_class/lecture_notes/Lecture_14_Materials/Asbestos_CNT/Sci%20Am%20-%20Asbestos%20Revisited%20-%20July%201997.pdf |archivedate=2010-06-03 |df=dmy |url-status=dead }}</ref> The things thay aa hae in common is thair [[eponymous]] [[asbestiform]] [[Crystal habit|habit]]: lang (aboot 1:20 [[aspect ratio]]), thin [[fibrous]] [[creestal]]s, wi ilka viesible feebre makkit o millions o microscopic "fibrils" that can be released bi [[Abrasion (mechanical)|abrasion]] an ither processes.<ref name="gee">{{Cite journal|title=Asbestos: from 'magic' to malevolent mineral|last1=Gee|first1=David|last2=Greenberg|first2=Morris|journal=Late lessons from early warnings: the precautionary principle 1896–2000|publisher=[[European Environment Agency|EEA]]|location=Copenhagen|date=9 January 2002|issue=22|pages=52–63|url=http://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/environmental_issue_report_2001_22/issue-22-part-05.pdf|isbn=92-9167-323-4|accessdate=20 April 2010}}</ref> Thay are for ordinar kent bi thair colours, the likes o ''blue asbestos'', ''broun asbestos'', ''white asbestos'', an ''green asbestos''.

{{Italic title}}{{taxobox
| name = ''Petasites hybridus''
| image = Petasites hybridus inflorescence - Keila.jpg
| image_caption = Inflorescence
| image2 = Petasites hybridus leaf.JPG
| image2_caption = Foliage
| regnum = [[Plantae]]
| unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
| unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
| unranked_ordo = [[Asterids]]
| ordo = [[Asterales]]
| familia = [[Asteraceae]]
| tribus = [[Senecioneae]]
| genus = ''[[Petasites]]''
| species = '''''P. hybridus'''''
| binomial = ''Petasites hybridus''
| binomial_authority = ([[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]) [[Gottfried Gaertner|G.Gaertn.]], [[Bernhard Meyer|B.Mey.]] & [[Johannes Scherbius|Scherb.]]
| synonyms =
*''Tussilago hybrida'' <small>L.</small>
*''Petasites vulgaris'' <small>Desf.</small>
}}
'''''Petasites hybridus''''', ('''puddock's rhubar(u)b''', '''wild rhubar(u)b''', '''flotter baw''', '''tushilaigae''', '''eldin docken'''), is a yerbaceous perennial [[flouerin plant]] in the daisie faimily [[Asteraceae]], native tae [[Europe]] an northren [[Asie]].

An '''ait cake''' (kent as '''havercakes''' or '''haverbread''' forby) is a flatbreid akin tae a cracker or biscuit,<ref name="biscuit-1">{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/food/oatcake|title=Oatcakes recipes|last=Martin|first=James|publisher=[[BBC Food]]|accessdate=1 May 2014}}</ref><ref name="biscuit-2">{{cite book|author1=Pippa Cuthbert|author2=Lindsay Cameron Wilson|title=Cookies!|date=2007|publisher=New Holland Publishers|isbn=9781845376819|page=68|url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=kBv0R-Aqv80C&pg=PA68|access-date=2020-09-20|archive-date=2016-09-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160919092535/https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=kBv0R-Aqv80C&pg=PA68&hl=en|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="p190-9781845697204">{{cite book|last=Cauvain & Young|title=More Baking Problems Solved|date=26 Aug 2009|publisher=Elsevier|isbn=9781845697204|page=190|url=https://encrypted.google.com/books?id=qrmkAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA190&dq=scottish+oatcake&hl=en&sa=X&ei=SxBiU9bNDMfgOPu9gEA&ved=0CDEQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=scottish%20oatcake&f=false}}</ref> bit can be a pan scone an aw. Thay are makkit wi [[aitmeal]] (havermeal) as the formaist ingredient, an can hae plain or halemeal [[floor]] forby.<ref name="metro-2013">{{cite news|last=Scott|first=Chloe|title=How to make the ultimate Staffordshire oatcake|url=http://metro.co.uk/2013/10/22/how-to-make-the-ultimate-staffordshire-oatcake-4154960/|accessdate=25 April 2014|newspaper=Metro|date=22 Oct 2013 <!-- 6:00 am -->}}</ref> Ait cakes are cuiked on a girdle<ref>{{Cite book|title=Chambers English Dictionary|publisher=[[W. & R. Chambers]] and [[Cambridge University Press]]|year=1987|isbn=1-85296-000-0|pages=599, 624}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|editor=Mairi Robinson|title=The Concise Scots Dictionary|url=https://archive.org/details/concisescotsdict0000robi|publisher=Aberdeen University Press|year=1987|isbn=0-08-028492-2|page=[https://archive.org/details/concisescotsdict0000robi/page/233 233]}}</ref> or baked in an [[uin]].

{{fixscots}}
{{unsourced}}
{{taxobox
|image = White campion close 700.jpg
|image_caption = ''[[Silene latifolia]]'' (white campion)
|regnum = [[Plant]]ae
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Core eudicots]]
|ordo = [[Caryophyllales]]
|familia = [[Caryophyllaceae]]
|subfamilia = [[Caryophylloideae]]
|tribus = [[Sileneae]]
|genus = '''''Silene'''''
|genus_authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]
|subdivision_ranks = Species
|subdivision = Aboot 300 species, see text.
}}
'''''Silene''''' is a [[genus]] o [[flouerin plant]]s in the [[faimily (biology)|faimily]] [[Caryophyllaceae]]. Common names include '''campion''' (which is shared wi the relatit genus ''[[Lychnis]]'') an '''catchflee'''.

or an [[ellipsoid]]. The lines frae pole tae pole is lines o constant [[longitude]], or '''meridians'''. The circles parallel tae the equator is lines o constant latitude, or '''parallels'''. The graticule determines the latitude an longitude o poseetion on the surface.]]
A '''geographic coordinate seestem''' is a [[coordinate seestem]] that enables ilka location on the Yird tae be specified bi a set o nummers or letters. The coordinates are aften chosen sae that ane o the nummers represents [[altitude|vertical poseetion]], an twa [[n-vector|or three]] o the nummers represent [[horizontal poseetion representation|horizontal poseetion]]. A common choice o coordinates is [[latitude]], [[longitude]] an [[elevation]].<ref name=OSGB>[http://www.ordnancesurvey.co.uk/oswebsite/gps/docs/A_Guide_to_Coordinate_Systems_in_Great_Britain.pdf A Guide to coordinate systems in Great Britain] v1.7 October 2007 D00659 accessed 14.4.2008</ref>

| subdivision_type1       = State(s)
| subdivision_type2       = 
| subdivision_type3       = Principal ceeties
| subdivision_name1       = {{plainlist|
*{{Flag|Illinois}}
*{{Flag|Indiana}}
*{{Flag|Wisconsin}}
}}
| subdivision_name2       = 
| subdivision_name3       = {{plainlist|
*{{flag|Chicago}}
*&nbsp;- [[Arlington Heights, Illinois|Arlington Heights]]
*&nbsp;- [[Aurora, Illinois|Aurora]]
*&nbsp;- [[Berwyn, Illinois|Berwyn]]
*&nbsp;- [[Bolingbrook, Illinois|Bolingbrook]]
*&nbsp;- [[Cicero, Illinois|Cicero]]
*&nbsp;- [[Des Plaines, Illinois|Des Plaines]]
*&nbsp;- [[Elgin, Illinois|Elgin]]
*&nbsp;- [[Evanston, Illinois|Evanston]]
*&nbsp;- [[Gary, Indiana|Gary]]
*&nbsp;- [[Hammond, Indiana|Hammond]]
*&nbsp;- [[Hoffman Estates, Illinois|Hoffman Estates]]
*&nbsp;- [[Joliet, Illinois|Joliet]]
*&nbsp;- [[Kenosha, Wisconsin|Kenosha]]
*&nbsp;- [[Mount Prospect, Illinois|Mount Prospect]]
*&nbsp;- [[Naperville, Illinois|Naperville]]
*&nbsp;- [[Oak Lawn, Illinois|Oak Lawn]]
*&nbsp;- [[Oak Park, Illinois|Oak Park]]
*&nbsp;- [[Orland Park, Illinois|Orland Park]]
*&nbsp;- [[Palatine, Illinois|Palatine]]
*&nbsp;- [[Schaumburg, Illinois|Schaumburg]]
*&nbsp;- [[Skokie, Illinois|Skokie]]
*&nbsp;- [[Tinley Park, Illinois|Tinley Park]]
*&nbsp;- [[Waukegan, Illinois|Waukegan]]
*&nbsp;- [[Wheaton, Illinois|Wheaton]]
}}
| established_title       = 
| established_date        = 
| founder                 = 
| seat_type               = 
| seat                    = 
| government_footnotes    = 
| leader_party            = 
| leader_title            = 
| leader_name             = 
| unit_pref               = US
<!-- ALL fields with measurements have automatic unit conversion -->
<!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| area_footnotes          = 
| area_magnitude          = <!-- use only to set a special wikilink -->
| area_total_sq_mi        = 
| area_total_acre         = 
| area_land_sq_mi         = 
| area_land_acre          = 
| area_water_sq_mi        = 
| area_water_acre         = 
| area_water_percent      = 
| area_urban_sq_mi        = 
| area_urban_acre         = 
| area_rural_sq_mi        = 
| area_rural_acre         = 
| area_metro_sq_mi        = 10,856
| area_metro_acre         = 
| area_rank               = 
| area_blank1_title       = 
| area_blank1_sq_mi       = 
| area_blank1_acre        = 
| area_blank2_title       = 
<!-- square miles --> 
| area_blank2_sq_mi       = 
<!-- acres -->
| area_blank2_acre        = 
| area_note               = 
| dimensions_footnotes    = 
| length_mi               = 
| width_mi                = 
| elevation_min_ft        = 579
| elevation_max_footnotes = <ref name="usgs50"/>
| elevation_min_footnotes = <ref name="usgs50">{{cite web|title=Elevations of the 50 Largest Cities|url=http://egsc.usgs.gov/isb//pubs/booklets/elvadist/elvadist.html#50|publisher=U.S. Geological Survey|accessdate=23 January 2016|quote=Chicago city proper only|archive-date=2013-11-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131109183109/http://egsc.usgs.gov/isb//pubs/booklets/elvadist/elvadist.html#50|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| population_total        = 9,472,676
| population_as_of        = 2015 estimate
| population_footnotes    = 
| population_density_sq_mi= 1,318
| population_demonym      = 
| population_note         = [[Combined stateestical aurie|Ranked 3rd in the US]]
| timezone1               = [[Central Time Zone|CST]]
| utc_offset1             = -6
| timezone1_DST           = [[Central Time Zone|CDT]]
| utc_offset1_DST         = -5
| postal_code_type        = 
| postal_code             = 
| area_code               = [[Aurie code 219|219]], [[Aurie code 224|224]]/[[Aurie code 847|847]], [[Aurie code 262|262]], [[Aurie code 312|312]]/[[Aurie code 872|872]], [[Aurie code 331|331]]/[[Aurie code 630|630]], [[Aurie code 574|574]], [[Aurie code 708|708]], [[Aurie code 773|773]]/[[Aurie code 872|872]] an [[Aurie code 779|779]]/[[Aurie code 815|815]]
| area_code_type          = [[North American Nummerin Plan|Aurie codes]]
| iso_code                = 
| website                 = <!-- {{URL|example.com}} -->
| footnotes               = 
| etymology               = 
| area_urban_footnotes    = <!-- <ref> </ref> -->
| area_rural_footnotes    = <!-- <ref> </ref> -->
| area_metro_footnotes    = <!-- <ref> </ref> -->
| elevation_max_ft        = 673
}}
The '''Chicago metropolitan aurie''', or '''Chicagoland''', is the [[metropolitan aurie]] associatit wi the ceety o [[Chicago]], [[Illinois]], an its suburbs. Wi an estimatit population o 9.4 million fowk, it is the third lairgest metropolitan aurie in the [[Unitit States]].<ref name=PopEstCSA>{{cite web|url=http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=PEP_2014_PEPANNCHG.US41PR&prodType=table|title=Annual Estimates of the Resident Population: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2014 - United States -- Combined Statistical Area; and for Puerto Rico   2014 Population Estimates|format=[[comma-separated values|CSV]]|work=|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]], Population Division|date=March 2013|accessdate=April 1, 2013|archive-date=2020-02-14|archive-url=https://archive.today/20200214061542/http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=PEP_2014_PEPANNCHG.US41PR&prodType=table|url-status=dead}}</ref>

{{wiktionary|Korean|korean|Corean|corean}}

| death_place  = [[Château de Blois]], [[Fraunce|Kinrick o Fraunce]]
| place of burial = Saint-Sauveur, [[Blois]]. Reburied at Saint-Denis in 1610.
| religion     = [[Roman Catholicism]]
| signature = 1562 signature of Catherine de' Medici, Queen of France.jpg
}}

'''Novichok''' ({{Lang-ru|Новичо́к}}, "newcomer"/ "newbie") is a series o [[nerve augent]]s developpit bi the [[Soviet Union]] an [[Roushie]] atween 1971 an 1993.{{Efn|Jonathon B. Tucker writes that appruival tae commence resairch intae "fowert generation" chemical wappens wis gien bi the [[Central Committee o the Communist Party]] an the [[Soviet Cooncil o Ministers]] in Mey 1971. Vil Mirzayanov, the Ruoshian scientist that first warnisht the Wast o the Novichok augents' existence, exponed that Novichok-7 testin wis implement sonsie-like in 1993 — efter the [[Chemical Weapons Convention]] signin but afore Roushie ratified the treaty an whan it came intae force.}}
The Roushie scientists that developpit the augents claimt they are the deidliest nerve augents e'er made, wi some variants lik eneuch five tae echt times mair potent nor VX, an ithers up tae ten times mair potent nor Soman.

|elevation_m =
|elevation_ft =
|latitude = 33°53' N
|longitude = 35°30' E
|website = [http://www.beirut.gov.lb/ Ceety o Beirut]
|footnotes =
}}

'''Aristotle''' (Aristoteles in [[auld griek]]) (384 BC – [[7 Mairch]] 322 BC) wis an auncient Greek [[philosophy|philosopher]], a student o [[Plato]] an a teacher o [[Alexander the Great]]. He wrat beuks on mony subjects, sic as physics. Aristotle, alang wi Plato an [[Socrates]], is aften thocht o as ane o the maist influential Greek philosophers. He turnt Greek philosophy intae the foonds o Wastren philosophy as we ken it.

'''Hellas Planitia''', forbye kent as the Hellas howe, is a nearhaund roond dunt o a howe situate in the soothern emyspery<!-- ? --> o the planet [[Maurs]]. It is 3.75 mile howe, an haes a diameter o aboot 1,300 mile, it is the lairgest dunt structur on the planet. The howe wis furmed throu the wechtie bombardment o objects fae the [[Solar seestem|Solar Seestem]], aboot 3.9 billion year syne, whan a lairge asteroid duntit Maurs.
{{Commonscat}}

'''Klaukkala'''  ({{IPA-fi|ˈklɑu̯kˈkɑlɑ|lang}}; {{lang-sv|Klövskog}}, {{IPA-sv|ˇkløːvskuːɡ|lang}}) is a lairge village in the southern pairt o the [[Nurmijärvi]] municipality o [[Uusimaa]], [[Finland]], near Loch Valkjärvi.<ref name="klaukkala">{{cite web|url=https://www.nurmijarvi.fi/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/Nurmij%C3%A4rven-matkailu-ja-ulkoilukartta.pdf|title=Nurmijärven matkailu- ja ulkoilukartta|publisher=Nurmijärven kunta|year=2009|accessdate=November 28, 2019|archive-date=2020-05-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200511161208/https://www.nurmijarvi.fi/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/Nurmij%C3%A4rven-matkailu-ja-ulkoilukartta.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> It's the lairgest o the villages in Nurmijärvi<ref name="klaukkala"/> an often mistakenly thocht tae be a separate toon. In the 2010s, Klaukkala's [[urban aurie]] haes grown tae be pairt o the [[Helsinki]] urban aurie.

The '''soul''', in mony releegious, philosophical an meethological tradeetions, is the [[incorporeality|incorporeal]] an, in mony conceptions, [[immortality o the soul|immortal]] essence o a livin thing.<ref>"soul."Encyclopædia Britannica. 2010. Encyclopædia Britannica 2006 CD. 13 July 2010.</ref>

|elevation m        = 2
|elevation min m    = 0
|elevation max m    = 223
|area km2           = 31.72
|population         = 23169
|population date    = 2006
}}
'''Frontignan-la Peyrade''' ({{IPA-fr|fʁɔ̃tiɲɑ̃ lapɛˈʁad}}; {{Lang-oc|Frontinhan}}) is a [[Communes o Fraunce|commune]] in the [[Hérault]] [[Depairtments o Fraunce|depairtment]] in soothren [[Fraunce]].

{{fixscots}}
{{Year dab|1832}}
{{Year nav|1832}}
{{C19 year in topic}}
'''1832''' is a year o the Gregorian calender.

| coordinates_footnotes = 
| region              = [[Piemont]]
| province            = [[Province o Turin|Turin]] (TO)
| frazioni            = 
| mayor_party         = 
| mayor               = Anna Bonino
| area_footnotes      = 
| area_total_km2      = 29.5
| population_footnotes = <ref>Demographic data from [[Istat]]</ref>
| population_total    = 1115
| population_as_of    = 31 December 2012
| pop_density_footnotes = 
| population_demonym  = Sparonesi
| elevation_footnotes = 
| elevation_m         = 552
| twin1               = 
| twin1_country       = 
| saint               = St. James the Apostle
| day                 = 25 July
| postal_code         = 10080
| area_code           = 0124
| website             = {{official|http://www.comune.sparone.to.it/}}
| footnotes           = 
}}
'''Sparone''' is a ''[[comune]]'' (municipality) in the [[Province o Turin]] in the [[Italy|Italian]] region o [[Piemont]], locatit aboot {{convert|40|km|mi}} northwast o [[Turin]] in the [[Canavese]].

{{fixscots}}
{{unsourced}}
{{taxobox
|image = White campion close 700.jpg
|image_caption = ''[[Silene latifolia]]'' (white campion)
|regnum = [[Plant]]ae
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Core eudicots]]
|ordo = [[Caryophyllales]]
|familia = [[Caryophyllaceae]]
|subfamilia = [[Caryophylloideae]]
|tribus = [[Sileneae]]
|genus = '''''Silene'''''
|genus_authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]
|subdivision_ranks = Species
|subdivision = Aboot 300 species, see text.
}}
'''''Silene''''' is a [[genus]] o [[flouerin plant]]s in the [[faimily (biology)|faimily]] [[Caryophyllaceae]]. Common names include '''campion''' (which is shared wi the relatit genus ''[[Lychnis]]'') an '''catchflee'''.

'''Louise Julie de Mailly''' (1710 - 5 Mairch 1755) wis a [[french]] [[nobility|noblewoman]] who would later become a mistress o [[Louis XV o Fraunce|Keeng Louis XV]] like three o her other sisters. She wis the mistress o the king frae 1732-1742.

[[image:languengl.gif|thumb|right|400px|Ensaumples o faimilies o leids (see eemage summary [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Languengl.gif#Summary])]]
A '''faimily o leids''' is a group o [[leid]]s that's sib bi strynd frae a common forebeir. The aulder leid is cryed the ''proto-leid'' o the faimily.

{{Automatic taxobox
| image = Collared Sparrowhawk kobble08.JPG
| image_caption = [[Collared sparraehawk]], [[Kobble Creek]] ([[Queensland, Australia]])
| taxon = Accipiter
| authority = [[Mathurin Jacques Brisson|Brisson]], 1760
| type_species = ''[[Accipiter gentilis]]''
| type_species_authority = [[Linnaeus]], 1758
| synonyms = ''Hieraspiza'' <small>Kaup, 1844</small>
}}

<imagemap>
File:1980s replacement montage02.PNG|thumb|400px|Frae left, clockwise: The first [[Space Shuttle]], ''[[Space Shuttle Columbia|Columbia]]'', liftit off in 1981; American preses [[Ronald Reagan]] an [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] [[General Secretar o the Communist Pairty o the Soviet Union|leader]] [[Mikhail Gorbachev]] eased tensions atween the twa superpouers, leadin tae the end o the [[Cauld War]]; The [[Berlin Waw#The Faw|faw o the Berlin Waw]] in 1989 is considered tae be the maist momentous event o the 1980s; In 1981, the [[IBM Personal Computer]] is released; In 1985, the [[Live Aid]] concert wis held in order tae fund relief efforts for the [[1984–1985 faimin in Ethiopie|faimin in Ethiopie]] during the time [[Mengistu Haile Mariam]] ruled the kintra; [[Ukraine]] an much o the warld is filled wi radioactive debris frae the 1986 [[Chernobyl disaster]]; The [[Iran–Iraq War]] leads tae ower ane million dead and $1 trillion spent.
rect 2 3 199 169 [[Space Shuttle Columbia]]
rect 201 1 497 171 [[Cauld War (1985–1991)|End o the Cauld War]]
rect 1 172 241 336 [[Iran–Iraq War]]
rect 246 173 506 336 [[Faw o the Berlin Waw]]
rect 123 337 323 525 [[Live Aid]]
rect 326 338 510 536 [[IBM Personal Computer]]
rect 0 339 121 515 [[Chernobyl disaster]]
</imagemap>
{{Decadebox|198}}
The '''1980s''' (pronoonced "nineteen-aichties", commonly abbreviatit as the "'''Aixhties'''") wis a [[decade]] o the [[Gregorian calendar]] that began on Januar 1, 1980, an endit on December 31, 1989.
{{Commons category}}

A '''burn''' is a naitural flowe o [[watter]] muivin athort the laund atween [[baunk]]s. It is smawer nor a [[river]].
{{Commonscat|Streams}}

{{Automatic taxobox
| image = Collared Sparrowhawk kobble08.JPG
| image_caption = [[Collared sparraehawk]], [[Kobble Creek]] ([[Queensland, Australia]])
| taxon = Accipiter
| authority = [[Mathurin Jacques Brisson|Brisson]], 1760
| type_species = ''[[Accipiter gentilis]]''
| type_species_authority = [[Linnaeus]], 1758
| synonyms = ''Hieraspiza'' <small>Kaup, 1844</small>
}}

{{Fixscots}}
{|
 |unit cost= New big F-4E in FY1965: {{US$|2.4 million|link=yes}}
 |primary user= [[Unitit States Air Force]] <small>([[target drone]] uise)</small>
 |more users= {{nowrap|[[Unitit States Navy]] <small>(umwhile)</small>}} <br/>{{nowrap|[[Unitit States Marine Corps]] <small>(umwhile)</small>}} <br/>[[Islamic Republic o Iran Air Force]] 
 |variants with their own articles=
}}
|}
The '''McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II''' is a tandem twa-seat, twin-ingine, aw-wather, lang-range [[supersonic]] jet interceptor fechter/fechter-bomber oreeginally developed for the [[Unitit States Navy]] bi [[McDonnell Aircraft]].<ref name="swan navyp301">Swanborough and Bowers 1976, p. 301.</ref>

{{fixscots}}
'''Reality''', frae [[Latin leid|Latin]] "res, rerum", meanin "the hing", is a philosophical conceipt that introduces the notion o reality, truith, suith. The opposite notion is "virtuality".

{{itheruises}}

{{Punctuation marks|@}}
The '''at-sign''', ''@'', normally read alood as "at", an aa commonly cried the '''at seembol''' or '''commercial at''', an less commonly a wide range o ither terms (sic as the strudel<ref name=FOLDOC-strudel>{{cite web |publisher= FOLDOC |url= http://foldoc.org/strudel |title=strudel |accessdate= 2014-11-21 }}</ref>), is oreeginally an [[accoontin]] an commercial [[invyce]] abbreviation meanin "at a rate o" (e.g. 7 [[Widget (economics)|widgets]] @ [[Poond sign|£]]2 = £14). 
It wis nae includit on the keybuird o the earliest commercially successfu typewriters, but wis on at least ane 1889 model<ref name=shady>[http://www.shadycharacters.co.uk/2011/08/the-symbol-part-2-of-2/ "The @-symbol, part 2 of 2"], ''[http://www.shadycharacters.co.uk/ Shady Characters &#x2302; The secret life of punctuation]''</ref> an the very successfu [[Underwood Typewriter Company|Underwood]] models frae the "Underwood No. 5" in 1900 onward. It is nou universally includit on [[computer keybuird]]s. The merk is encodit at {{unichar|0040|Commercial AT|nlink=At sign|html=}}.

<br> {{native name|da|Grønland}}
  |image_flag               = Flag of Greenland.svg
  |image_coat               = Coat of arms Greenland.svg
  |national_motto           =
  |national_anthem          = <br />''[[Nunarput utoqqarsuanngoravit]]''<br />''{{small|Ye Oor Auncient Laund}}''
----
<!-- Self government and national anthem -->''[[Nuna asiilasooq]]''{{efn|1=''Nuna asiilasooq'' haes equal status as a [[naitional anthem]]  but is generally uised anly on the [[Sel-govrenance|sel-govrenment]] o Greenland.<ref>{{cite web|title=Not one but two national anthems|url=http://www.inatsisartut.gl/groenlands_landsting/landstingssamlinger/em_2003/dgopkt_behdato/spoergsmaal/50.html|publisher=[[Inatsisartut|Govrenment o Greenland]]|accessdate=7 October 2003}}</ref>}}<br />''{{small|The Laund o Great Lenth}}''</small>
  |image_map                = Greenland (orthographic projection).svg
  |map_width = 255px
  |map_caption = Location of '''Greenland'''
  |image_map2                = Kingdom of Denmark (orthographic projection).svg
  |map2_width = 255px
  |map_caption2 = Location o the [[Kinrick o Denmark]] consistin o '''Greenland''', the [[Faroe Islands]] (circled) an [[Denmark]]
  |capital = {{Coat of arms|Nuuk}}
  |coordinates              =  {{Coord|64|10|N|51|44|W|type:city}}
  |largest_city             = caipital
  |official_languages       = [[Greenlandic leid|Greenlandic]]{{ref label|aaa|a}}
  |languages_type           = Ither leids
  |languages                = [[Dens leid|Dens]]{{ref label|aaa|a}}
  |ethnic_groups = {{unbulleted list |{{nowrap|88% [[Greenlandic Inuit]]}} (an European mixed) |12% [[Dens fowk|Dens]] an ither [[Ethnic groups in Europe|Europeans]]<ref name="cia-factbook">{{cite web
  |title       = Greenland
  |url       = https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/gl.html
  |work       = [[The World Factbook|CIA World Factbook]]
  |access-date       = 2018-02-09
  |archive-date       = 2020-05-09
  |archive-url       = https://web.archive.org/web/20200509035824/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/gl.html
  |url-status       = dead
  }}</ref>{{ref label|bbb|b}}}}
  |demonym = {{unbulleted list |Greenlander |Greenlandic}}
  |membership = {{flag|Kinrick o Denmark}}
  |membership_type = Sovereign state
  |government_type          = {{nowrap|[[Dens Realm|Devolved govrenment]]}} within {{nowrap|[[Pairlamentar seestem|pairlamentar]]}} {{nowrap|[[constitutional monarchy]]}}
  |leader_title1            = [[Monarchy o Greenland|Monarch]]
  |leader_name1             = [[Frederick X o Denmark|Frederick X]]
  |leader_title2            = [[Leet o Dens Heich Commissioners in Greenland|Heich Commissioner]]
  |leader_name2             = [[Julie Præst Wilche]]
  |leader_title3            = [[Leet o Premiers o Greenland|Premier]]
  |leader_name3             = [[Múte Bourup Egede]]
  |leader_title4 = [[Pairlament o Greenland#Leet o Speakers o the Pairlament o Greenland|Speaker o the ''Inatsisartut'']]
  |leader_name4 = [[Mimi Karlsen]]
  |legislature              = {{nowrap|[[Pairlament o Greenland|''Inatsisartut'']]}}
  |sovereignty_type         = Autonomy {{nobold|within the [[Denmark|Kinrick o Denmark]]}}
  |established_event1       = {{nowrap|[[Norse settlements in Greenland|Norse colonisation]]}}
  |established_date1        = 11th century
  |established_event2       = {{nowrap|[[Norse Empire|Unifee'd wi Norawa]]{{ref label|bbb|b}}}}
  |established_date2        = 1262
  |established_event3       = Contact re-established <small>([[Dano-Norse empire|Dano-Norse colonies]])</small>
  |established_date3        = 1721
  |established_event4       = [[Treaty o Kiel|Cedit tae Denmark]]{{ref label|ccc|c}}
  |established_date4        = 14 Januar 1814
  |established_event5       = [[Amt (admeenistrative diveesion)|Amt]] status
  |established_date5        = 5 Juin 1953
  |established_event6       = Hame rule
  |established_date6        = 1 Mey 1979
  |established_event7       = Further autonomy and self rule
  |established_date7        = 21 June 2009<ref name=selvstyre/><ref name=selfrule>{{cite news
      |title       = Self-rule introduced in Greenland
      |url         = http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/8111292.stm
      |publisher        = BBC News
      |date        = 21 June 2009
      |accessdate  = 4 May 2010
 }}</ref>
  |area_km2                 = 2,166,086<!-- (410,449 ice-free) -->
  |area_rank                = <!-- Area rank should match [[List of countries and dependencies by area]];should not be any here -->
  |area_sq_mi               = 836,109 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]-->
  |percent_water            = 83.1{{ref label|ddd|d}}
  |population_estimate      = 56,483 (14 September 2016)<ref>[http://www.stat.gl/dialog/main.asp?lang=en&sc=BE&version=201501 "Grønlands Statistik"]. ''stat.gl''.</ref>
  |population_census        =
  |population_estimate_year =
  |population_estimate_rank =
  |population_census_year   =
  |population_density_km2   = 0.028 <!-- (0.16 on ice-free areas) -->
  |population_density_sq_mi = 0.069 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]-->
  |population_density_rank  = last
  |GDP_PPP = 11.6 billion kr.($1.8 billion)<ref name="Greenland in Figures 2013">{{cite book
  |title       = Greenland in Figures 2013
  |url         = http://www.stat.gl/publ/en/GF/2013/pdf/Greenland%20in%20Figures%202013.pdf
  |publisher   = [[Statistics Greenland]]
  |isbn        = 978-87-986787-7-9
  |issn        = 1602-5709
  |accessdate  = 2 September 2013
 }}</ref>
  |GDP_PPP_year             = 2011
  |GDP_PPP_rank             = {{small|n/a}}
  |GDP_PPP_per_capita       =$37,000
  |GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank  = {{small|n/a}}
  |Gini                     =  <!--number only-->
  |Gini_year                =
  |Gini_change              =  <!--increase/decrease/steady-->
  |Gini_ref                 =
  |Gini_rank                =
  |HDI                      = 0.786 <!--number only-->
  |HDI_year                 = 2010 <!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year-->
  |HDI_change               = increase <!--increase/decrease/steady-->
  |HDI_ref = <ref>{{cite book|author=Avakov, Aleksandr Vladimirovich |title=Quality of Life, Balance of Powers, and Nuclear Weapons (2012): A Statistical Yearbook for Statesmen and Citizens |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=p--IYwyuog0C&pg=PA51 |date=2012 |publisher=Algora Publishing |isbn=978-0-87586-892-9 |page=51}}</ref>
  |HDI_rank                 = 61st
  |currency                 = [[Dens krone]]
  |currency_code            = DKK
  |utc_offset               = +0 to −4
  |utc_offset_DST           =
  |time_zone_DST            =
  |date_format              = dd-mm-yyyy
  |drives_on                = richt
  |calling_code             = [[Telephone nummers in Greenland|+299]]
  |cctld                    = [[.gl]]
  |footnote_a               = {{note|aaa}} Greenlandic haes been the sole offeecial leid o Greenland syne 2009.<big><ref name=selvstyre>{{da icon}} [http://nyhederne-dyn.tv2.dk/article.php/id-23165644:gr%C3%B8nland-g%C3%A5r-over-til-selvstyre.html?rss TV 2 Nyhederne – "Grønland går over til selvstyre"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230809031528/https://nyheder.tv2.dk/2009-06-21-groenland-gaar-over-til-selvstyre |date=2023-08-09 }} TV 2 Nyhederne (''[[TV 2 (Denmark)|TV 2]] News'') – Ved overgangen til selvstyre, er grønlandsk nu det officielle sprog. Retrieved 22 Januar 2012.</ref><ref name="law">{{da icon}} [http://www.stm.dk/multimedia/selvstyreloven.pdf Law of Greenlandic Selfrule] (see chaipter 7)</ref></big>
  |footnote_b               = {{note|bbb}} Dens influence reached Greenland in 1380 wi the ring o [[Olaf II o Denmark|Olav IV]] in Norawa, son o [[Haakon VI o Norawa]] an [[Margaret I o Denmark]].
  |footnote_c               = {{note|ccc}} Awtho previously unner Dens monarchy for fower hunder years, Greenland, the [[Faroe Islands]], an [[Iceland]] war formally Norse possessions till 1814.
  |footnote_d               = {{note|ddd}}As o 2000:<br />{{convert|410449|km2|abbr=on|0}} ice-free;<br />{{convert|1755637|km2|abbr=on|0}} ice-kivered.<br />Density: 0.14/km<sup>2</sup> (0.36 /sq.&nbsp;mi) for ice-free auries.
|religion = [[Kirk o Denmark]]
  |area_magnitude           = 1 E12
  |country_code             =
 }}

{{infobox polonium}}
'''Polonium''' is a [[chemical element]] wi the symbol '''Po''' an [[atomic nummer]] 84, airtit out in 1898 bi [[Marie Curie]] an [[Pierre Curie]]. A rare an gey [[radioactive]] element wi nae siccar [[isotopes o polonium|isotopes]], polonium is chemically sib tae [[bismuth]] an [[tellurium]], an it occurs in [[uranium]] [[ure]]s. Polonium is uised in a sma curn o gaits juist, sic as heaters in space probes, [[antistatic device]]s, an sources o [[neutron]]s an [[alpha particle]]s. Acause o its steid in the periodic cairt, polonium is whiles clessifee'd as a [[metalloid]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://periodic.lanl.gov/metal.shtml |title=Characterizing the Elements |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |publisher=[[Los Alamos National Laboratory]] |accessdate=4 March 2013}}</ref> but its an meiths an makdom gar it mair liker a metal.<ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1021/ed100308w|title=Polonium and Astatine Are Not Semimetals|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-chemical-education_2010-08_87_8/page/783|journal=Journal of Chemical Education|year=2010|last1=Hawkes|first1=Stephen J.|volume=87|issue=8|page=783|bibcode = 2010JChEd..87..783H}}</ref>
{{Stub}}

{{itheruises}}

{{Chembox
| Verifiedfields = changed
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 458360938
| Name = Thiamine chloride
| ImageFile1 = Thiamin.svg
|  ImageFile1_Ref = {{chemboximage|correct|??}}
|  ImageSize1 = 200
|  ImageName1 = Kekulé skeletal formula o the cation in thiamine
| ImageFile2 = Thiamine-3D-vdW.png
|  ImageFile2_Ref = {{chemboximage|correct|??}}
|  ImageSize2 = 200
|  ImageName2 = Spacefill model o thiamine o the cation in thiamine
| IUPACName= 2-[3-[(4-Amino-2-methyl-pyrimidin-5-yl)methyl]-4-methyl-thiazol-5-yl] ethanol
| OtherNames = Aneurine<br />
Thiamin
| Section1= {{Chembox Identifiers
|  CASNo = 59-43-8
|   CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
|  PubChem = 6042
|   PubChem_Ref = {{Pubchemcite|correct|PubChem}}
|  ChemSpiderID = 5819
|   ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
|  UNII = X66NSO3N35
|   UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
|  EINECS = 200-425-3
|  KEGG = C00378
|   KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|changed|kegg}}
|  MeSHName = Thiamine
|  ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEBI = 33283
|  ChEMBL = 1588
|   ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEMBL2 = 1547
|  ATCCode_prefix = A11
|  ATCCode_suffix = DA01
|  Beilstein = 3581326
|  Gmelin = 318226
|  DrugBank_Ref = {{drugbankcite|correct|drugbank}}
| DrugBank = DB00152
| SMILES = [Cl-].Cc1c(CCO)sc[n+]1Cc1cnc(C)nc1N
|  SMILES1 = [Cl-].CC1=C(CCO)SC=[N+]1CC1=CN=C(C)N=C1N
|  SMILES2 = [Cl-].n1c(c(cnc1C)C[n+]2c(c(sc2)CCO)C)N
|  StdInChI = 1S/C12H17N4OS.ClH/c1-8-11(3-4-17)18-7-16(8)6-10-5-14-9(2)15-12(10)13;/h5,7,17H,3-4,6H2,1-2H3,(H2,13,14,15);1H/q+1;/p-1
|   StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
|  InChI = 1/C12H17N4OS.ClH/c1-8-11(3-4-17)18-7-16(8)6-10-5-14-9(2)15-12(10)13;/h5,7,17H,3-4,6H2,1-2H3,(H2,13,14,15);1H/q+1;/p-1
|  StdInChIKey = MYVIATVLJGTBFV-UHFFFAOYSA-M
|   StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
|  InChIKey = MYVIATVLJGTBFV-REWHXWOFAY
}}
|Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
|  C = 12
|  H = 17
|  Cl = 1
|  N = 4
|  O = 1
|  S = 1
|  ExactMass = 265.354004 g mol<sup>-1</sup>
}}
}}

{{fixscots|date=Mairch 2021}}

{{Fix Scots|date=Januar 2021}}
''
|conventional_long_name = German Democratic Republic
|common_name  = East Germany
|continent    = Europe
|region       = Germany
|country      = Germany
|era          = Cauld War
|status       = [[Satellite state]] o the [[Soviet Union]] <br/> Member o the [[Warsaw Pact]]
|year_start   = 1949
|year_end     = 1990
|life_span    = 1949–1990
|
|event_start  = [[Constitution o East Germany#1949 constitution|Constitution adoptit]]
|date_start   = 7 October
|event_end    = [[German reunification|Reunification]]
|date_end     = 3 October
|event1       = [[Uprisin o 1953 in East Germany|Uprisin o 1953]]
|date_event1  = 16 Juin 1953
|event2       = [[Berlin Crisis o 1961|Berlin Crisis]]
|date_event2  = 4 Juin 1961
|event3       = [[Peaceful Revolution]]
|date_event3  = 13 October 1989
|event4       = [[Treaty on the Final Settlement wi Respect tae Germany|Final Settlement]]
|date_event4  = 12 September 1990
|
|p1           = Allied-occupied Germany
|flag_p1      = Flag of Germany (1946-1949).svg
|border_p1    = no
|p2           = Soviet occupation zone
|flag_p2      = Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_(1923-1955).svg
|s1           = Germany
|flag_s1      = Flag of Germany.svg
|
|image_flag = Flag of East Germany.svg{{!}}border
|flag = Banner o East Germany
|flag_type = Banner {{Small|(1959–1990)}}
|image_coat = Coat_of_arms_of_East_Germany.svg
|symbol_type = Emblem
|symbol = Naitional Emblem o the German Democratic Republic
|image_map    = East Germany 1956-1990.svg
|image_map_caption = The German Democratic Republic in 1990.
|
|national_anthem  = ''[[Auferstanden aus Ruinen]]''<br/><small>"Risen frae Ruins"</small><br /><center></small></center>
|national_motto   = Proletarier aller Länder, vereinigt Euch!<br>Scots: [[Wirkers o the warld, unite!]]
|capital          = [[East Berlin]]
|common_languages = [[German leid|German]] (offeecial)<br/>[[Sorbian leids|Sorbian]] (unoffeecial)
|latd=52 |latm=31 |latNS=N |longd=13 |longm=24 |longEW=E
|
|government_type = [[Marxism–Leninism|Marxist–Leninist]] [[single-pairty state|single-pairty]] [[socialist state]]
|
|leader1      = [[Wilhelm Pieck]]
|leader2      = [[Otto Grotewohl]]
|leader3      = [[Walter Ulbricht]]
|leader4      = [[Erich Honecker]]
|leader5      = [[Egon Krenz]]
|year_leader1 = 1949–1950
|year_leader2 = 1949–1950
|year_leader3 = 1950–1971
|year_leader4 = 1971–1989
|year_leader5 = 1989
|title_leader = [[Leadership o East Germany#Leaders o the Socialist Unity Pairty o Germany (SED)|General Secretar]]
|
|representative1      = [[Wilhelm Pieck]] <small>(first)</small>
|representative2      = [[Sabine Bergmann-Pohl|Sabine Berg.-Pohl]] <small>(last)</small>
|year_representative1 = 1949–1960
|year_representative2 = 1990
|title_representative = [[Leadership o East Germany#Heids o state|Heid o State]]
|
|deputy1      = [[Otto Grotewohl]] <small>(first)</small>
|deputy2      = [[Lothar de Maizière]] <small>(last)</small>
|year_deputy1 = 1949–1964
|year_deputy2 = 1990
|title_deputy = [[Leadership o East Germany#Heids o govrenment|Heid o Govrenment]]
|
|legislature = [[Fowk's Chamber|Volkskammer]]
|house1      = [[Chamber o States|Länderkammer]]{{ref|a|a}}
|type_house1 = State Chamber
|
|stat_pop1  = 18388000{{ref|b|b}}
|stat_year1 = 1950
|stat_pop2  = 17068000
|stat_year2 = 1970
|stat_area3 = 108333
|stat_pop3  = 16111000
|stat_year3 = 1990
|
|currency = <small>1949–1964:</small> [[East German mark|Deutsche Mark]]<br /><small>1964–1967:</small> [[East German mark|Mark der Deutschen Notenbank]],<br/><small>(1967–1990)</small><br />[[East German mark|Mark der DDR]] <br /><small>(Three different names for the same currency)</small><br/>[[Deutsche Mark]] <br/><small>(frae 1 Julie 1990)</small>
|cctld        = [[.dd]]{{ref|c|c}}
|calling_code = 37
|today        = {{flag|Germany}}
|footnotes    = The initial banner o East Germany adoptit in 1948 wis identical tae that o [[West Germany]]. In 1959, the East German govrenment issued a new version o the banner bearin the naitional emblem, servin tae distinguish East frae West.<hr/>{{note|a|a}} Dissolved bi the ''Volkskammer'' on 8 December 1958.<hr/>{{note|b|b}} Population statistics accordin tae [[Statistisches Bundesamt]].<ref>[https://www.destatis.de/DE/ZahlenFakten/Indikatoren/LangeReihen/Bevoelkerung/lrbev03.html Bevölkerungsstand]</ref><hr/>{{note|c|c}} Althou [[.dd]] wis reserved as correspondin [[ISO 3166|ISO code]] for East Germany, it wis nae entered tae the ruit afore the kintra wis reunited wi the wast.<ref>[http://internet.robert-scheck.de/tld-dd/ Top-Level-Domain .DD] Information site about .dd in German language</ref>
}}
'''East Germany''' ({{lang-de|Ostdeutschland}}), formally the '''German Democratic Republic''' or '''GDR''' ({{lang-de|Deutsche Demokratische Republik}}, ({{IPA-de|ˈdɔʏtʃə demoˈkʀaːtɪʃə ʀepuˈbliːk|}}) or '''DDR'''), wis a state within the [[Eastren Bloc]] during the [[Cauld War]] period. Frae 1949 tae 1990, it admeenistered the region o Germany which wis occupied bi [[USSR|Soviet]] forces at the end o the [[Seicont Warld War]]—the [[Soviet Occupation Zone]] o the [[Potsdam Agreement]], boondit on the east bi the [[Oder–Neisse line]]. The Soviet zone surroondit [[Wast Berlin]], but did nae include it; as a result, Wast Berlin remained ootside the jurisdiction o the GDR.

{{dead link|date=March 2017 |bot=Beta7 |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
|DensityRank     = 43rd
|2000DensityUS   = 24.6
|2000Density     = 9.5
|MedianHouseholdIncome = $60,474<ref>{{cite web|url=http://kff.org/other/state-indicator/median-annual-income/?currentTimeframe=0|work=The Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation|title=Median Annual Household Income|accessdate=December 9, 2016}}</ref>
|IncomeRank      = 18t
|AdmittanceOrder = 37t
|AdmittanceDate  = Mairch 1, 1867
|TimeZone        = [[Central Time Zone (North Americae)|Central]]: [[Coordinatit Universal Time|UTC]] [[Central Staundart Time|−6]]/[[Central Daylicht Time|−5]]
|TZ1Where        = Maist o state
|TimeZone2       = [[Moontain Time Zone|Mountain]]: [[Coordinatit Universal Time|UTC]] [[Moontain Staundart Time|−7]]/[[Moontain Daylicht Time|−6]]
|TZ2Where        = [[Nebraska Panhandle|Panhandle]]
|Latitude        = [[40t parallel north|40° N]] tae [[43rd parallel north|43° N]]
|Longitude       = 95° 19' W tae 104° 03' W
|WidthUS         = 210
|Width           = 340
|LengthUS        = 430
|Length          = 690
|HighestPoint    = [[Panorama Pynt]]<ref name=USGS>{{cite web|url=http://egsc.usgs.gov/isb/pubs/booklets/elvadist/elvadist.html |title=Elevations and Distances in the United States |publisher=[[United States Geological Survey]] |year=2001 |accessdate=October 24, 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111015012701/http://egsc.usgs.gov/isb/pubs/booklets/elvadist/elvadist.html |archivedate=October 15, 2011 |df=mdy-all }}</ref><ref name=NAVD88>Elevation adjuistit tae [[North American Vertical Datum o 1988]].</ref>
|HighestElevUS   = 5,424
|HighestElev     = 1654
|MeanElevUS      = 2,600
|MeanElev        = 790
|LowestPoint     = [[Missouri River]] at {{nobreak|[[Kansas]] border}}<ref name=USGS/><ref name=NAVD88/>
|LowestElevUS    = 840
|LowestElev      = 256
|ISOCode         = US-NE
|Website         = www.nebraska.gov
}}
'''Nebraska''' is an [[Unitit States|American]] state that lies in baith the [[Great Plains]] an the [[Midwastren Unitit States]]. It is mairchit bi [[Sooth Dakota]] tae the north, [[Iowa]] tae the east an [[Missouri]] tae the sootheast, baith athort the [[Missouri River]], [[Kansas]] tae the sooth, [[Colorado]] tae the southwast an [[Wyoming]] tae the wast. It is the anerly [[Leet o laundlocked U.S. states#Triply landlocked|triply laundlocked U.S. state]]. Nebraska's aurie is juist ower {{convert|77220|sqmi}} wi awmaist 1.9 million fowk. Its [[state caipital]] is [[Lincoln, Nebraska|Lincoln]], and its largest city is [[Omaha, Nebraska|Omaha]], which is on the [[Missouri River]].

(Obedience an Peace)
|birth_name       = Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli
|term_start       = 28 October 1958
|term_end         = 3 Juin 1963
|predecessor      = [[Pape Pius XII|Pius XII]]
|successor        = [[Pape Paul VI|Paul VI]]
|ordination       = 10 August 1904
|ordained_by      = [[Giuseppe Ceppetelli]]
|consecration     = 19 Mairch 1925
|consecrated_by   = [[Giovanni Tacci Porcelli]]
|cardinal         = 12 Januar 1953
|created_cardinal_by = [[Pape Pius XII|Pius XII]]
|rank             = 
|birth_date       = {{Birth date|1881|11|25|df =yes}}
|birth_place      = [[Sotto il Monte]], [[Kinrick o Italy (1861–1946)|Kinrick o Italy]]
|death_date       = {{Death date and age|1963|06|03|1881|11|25|df =yes}}
|death_place      = [[Apostolic Palace]], [[Vatican Ceety]]
|previous_post    = {{unbulleted list|Titular Airchbishop o Areopolis (1925–[[1934|34]])|Offeecial tae Bulgarie (1925–[[1931|31]])|Apostolic Delegate tae Bulgarie (1931–[[1934|34]]) |Titular Airchbishop o Mesembria (1934–[[1953|53]])|Apostolic Delegate tae Turkey (1934–[[1944|44]])|Apostolic Delegate tae Greece (1934–[[1944|44]])|Apostolic Nuncio tae Fraunce (1944–[[1953|53]])|[[Santa Prisca|Cardinal-Priest o Santa Prisca]] (1953–[[1958|58]])|[[Patriarch o Venice]] (1953–[[1958|58]])}}
|feast_day        = 11 October
|venerated        =
|saint_title      = Blessed (Saunt as o 27 Aprile 2014) 
|beatified_date   = 3 September 2000
|beatified_place  = [[Saunt Peter's Square]], [[Vatican Ceety]]
|beatified_by     = [[Pape John Paul II]]
|patronage        = Papal delegates <ref>{{Citation | contribution-url = http://saints.sqpn.com/patrons-of-papal-delegates/ | publisher = SQPN | title = Saints | contribution = Patrons of Papal Delegates}}.</ref>
|other            = John}}
'''Pape John XXIII''' ({{lang-la|Ioannes XXIII}}), born '''Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli''' ({{IPA-it|ˈandʒelo dʒuˈzɛppe roŋˈkalli}}; 25 November 1881{{spaced ndash}}3 Juin 1963), wis the [[Pape|heid]] o the [[Roman Catholic Kirk|Roman Catholic Church]] frae 28 October 1958 tae his daith in 1963.

depicts juistice as equipped wi three seembols: a sword seembolisin the court's coercive pouer; a human scale weighin competin claims in each haund; an a blindfauld indicatin impartiality.<ref>Luban, ''Law's Blindfold'', 23</ref>]]

{{fixscots|Hiragana}}

'''Arguedas''' is a [[surname]], an mey refer tae:

|image_flag=Flag of Chechen Republic since 2004.svg
|flag_caption=[[Flag o Chechnie]]
|image_coa=Coat of Arms of Chechnya (2020-).svg
|coa_caption=[[Coat o airms o Chechnie]]
|anthem=''[[Shtalak's Sang]]'' (''Шатлакхан Илли'')
|anthem_ref
|holiday
|holiday_ref
|political_status=Republic
|political_status_link=Republics o Roushie
|federal_district=[[North Caucasian Federal Destrict|North Caucasian]]
|economic_region=[[North Caucasus economic region|North Caucasus]]
|adm_ctr_type=Caipital
|adm_ctr_name=[[Grozny]]
|adm_ctr_name_ref
|official_lang_list=[[Chechen leid|Chechen]]
|official_lang_ref=<ref name="Languages">Constitution, Article 10.1</ref>
|pop_2010census=1268989
|pop_2010census_rank=40t
|urban_pop_2010census=34.9%
|rural_pop_2010census=65.1%
|pop_2010census_ref=<ref name="2010Census" />
|pop_density
|pop_density_as_of
|pop_density_ref
|pop_latest
|pop_latest_date
|pop_latest_ref
|area_km2=17300
|area_km2_rank=75t
|area_km2_ref
|established_date=11 Januar 1991
|established_date_ref
|license_plates=20
|ISO=RU-CE
|gov_as_of=Mairch 2011
|leader_title=[[Heid o the Chechen Republic|Heid]]
|leader_title_ref=<ref name="HeadLegis">Constitution, Article&nbsp;5.1</ref>
|leader_name=[[Ramzan Kadyrov]]
|leader_name_ref=<ref name="Head">Official website of the Chechen Republic.  [http://chechnya.gov.ru/page.php?r=2 Ramzan Akhmatovich Kadyrov] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180305064203/http://www.chechnya.gov.ru/page.php?r=2 |date=2018-03-05 }} {{ru icon}}</ref>
|legislature=[[Parliament o the Chechen Republic|Parliament]]
|legislatureref=<ref name="HeadLegis" />
|website=http://chechnya.gov.ru/
|website_ref
|date=March 2010
}}

{{Automatic taxobox
| name = Sauropods
| fossil_range = <br/>[[Late Triassic]]–[[Late Cretaceous]], {{Fossilrange|210|66}}
| image = Louisae.jpg
| image_caption = Moontit skelet o ''[[Apatosaurus louisae]]'', [[Carnegie Museum o Naitural History|Carnegie Museum]]
| image_width = 300px
| authority = [[Othniel Charles Marsh|Marsh]], 1878
| subdivision_ranks = Subgroups<ref name="Holtz2008">{{cite book|last=Holtz|first=Thomas R. Jr.|year=2012|title=Dinosaurs: The Most Complete, Up-to-Date Encyclopedia for Dinosaur Lovers of All Ages|url=http://www.geol.umd.edu/~tholtz/dinoappendix/HoltzappendixWinter2011.pdf|publisher=Random House}}</ref>
| subdivision =
*{{extinct}}''[[Antetonitrus]]''
*{{extinct}}''[[Archaeodontosaurus]]''
*{{extinct}}''[[Blikanasaurus]]''
*{{extinct}}''[[Camelotia]]''
*{{extinct}}''[[Chinshakiangosaurus]]''
*{{extinct}}''[[Gongxianosaurus]]''
*{{extinct}}''[[Isanosaurus]]''
*{{extinct}}''[[Kotasaurus]]''
*{{extinct}}''[[Lessemsaurus]]''
*{{extinct}}''[[Ohmdenosaurus]]''
*{{extinct}}''[[Protognathosaurus]]''
*{{extinct}}''[[Spinophorosaurus]]''
*{{extinct}}''[[Zizhongosaurus]]''
*{{extinct}}[[Gravisauria]]
| synonyms =
†Opisthocoelia <small>Owen, 1860</small><br>
†Cetiosauria <small>Seeley, 1870</small>
}}
'''Sauropoda''' {{IPAc-en|s|ɔː|ˈ|r|ɒ|p|ɵ|d|ə}}, or the '''sauropods''' {{IPAc-en|ˈ|s|ɔr|ə|p|ɒ|d}} (''[[wikt:sauro-|sauro-]]'' + ''[[wikt:-pod|-pod]]'', "lizard-fitit"), are an [[Order (biology)|infraorder]] o [[saurischia]]n ("lizard-hipped") [[dinosaur]]s.

{{Distinguish2|the neehbourin province o [[Shanxi]]}}

{{fixscots|date=Juin 2021}}

|Lageplan          = Huerup in SL.PNG
|Bundesland        = Schleswig-Holstein
|Kreis             = Schleswig-Flensburg
|Amt               = Hürup
|Höhe              = 43
|Fläche            = 16.19
|Einwohner         = 1205
|Stand             = 2006-12-31
|PLZ               = 24975
|Vorwahl           = 04634
|Kfz               = SL
|Gemeindeschlüssel = 01 0 59 126
|NUTS              = DEF0C
|Adresse-Verband   = Schulstraße 1<br />24975 Hürup
|Website           = [http://www.amthuerup.de/ www.amthuerup.de]
|Bürgermeister     = Jan-Nils Klindt
|Partei            = 
}}

In [[economics]], '''inflation''' is a persistent increase in the general [[price level]] o guids an services in an [[economy]] ower a period o time.<ref>''See:''
* {{harvnb|Wyplosz|Burda|1997}} (Glossary);
* {{harvnb|Blanchard|2000}} (Glossary)
* {{harvnb|Barro|1997}} (Glossary)
* {{harvnb|Abel|Bernanke|1995}} (Glossary)</ref>

<ref>{{cite web|title=IUPAC International Chemical Identifier Project Page|url=http://www.iupac.org/home/projects/project-db/project-details.html?tx_wfqbe_pi1%5bproject_nr%5d=2000-025-1-800|work=IUPAC|accessdate=5 December 2012|archive-date=2012-05-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120527162256/http://www.iupac.org/home/projects/project-db/project-details.html?tx_wfqbe_pi1%5Bproject_nr%5D=2000-025-1-800|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Heller | first1 = S. | last2 = McNaught | first2 = A. | last3 = Stein | first3 = S. | last4 = Tchekhovskoi | first4 = D. | last5 = Pletnev | first5 = I. | title = InChI - the worldwide chemical structure identifier standard | doi = 10.1186/1758-2946-5-7 | journal = Journal of Cheminformatics | volume = 5 | issue = 1 | pages = 7 | year = 2013 | pmid =  23343401| pmc =3599061 }}</ref>
| discontinued           = 
| latest release version = 1.05
| latest release date    = {{Start date and age|2017|03}}
| latest preview version = 
| latest preview date    = <!-- {{Start date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|df=yes/no}} -->
| programming language   = 
| operating system       = [[Microsoft Windows]] an [[Unix-lik]]
| platform               = [[IA-32]] an [[x86-64]]
| size                   = 4.3&nbsp;[[Megabyte|MB]]
| language               = [[Inglish leid|Inglis]]
| language count         = <!-- DO NOT include this parameter unless you know what it does -->
| language footnote      = 
| status                 = Active
| genre                  = 
| license                = IUPAC / InChI Trust Licence
| alexa                  = 
| website                = [http://www.iupac.org/home/publications/e-resources/inchi.html http://www.iupac.org/home/publications/e-resources/inchi.html]
}}
The [[Internaitional Union o Pure an Applee'd Chemistry|IUPAC]] '''Internaitional Chemical Identifier''' ('''InChI''') is a textual [[identifier]] for [[chemical substance]]s, designed tae provide a staundart wey tae encode [[molecular]] information an tae facilitate the sairch for sic [[information]] in [[database]]s an on the wab.

<small>([[Laitin leid|Latin]])<br />"Tae the comin winds"</small>
|website = http://www.brasilia.df.gov.br
|image_skyline= Montagem Brasília.jpg
|image_caption = Frae upper left: [[Naitional Congress o Brazil]], [[Juscelino Kubitschek brig]], [[Monumental Axis]], [[Palácio da Alvorada]] an [[Cathedral o Brasília]].
|image_flag = 
|image_seal = 
|image_map = Distrito Federal RA Brasília.svg
|map_caption = Location o Brasília athin the [[Federal Destrict (Brazil)|Federal Destrict]] 
|pushpin_map= Brazil
|pushpin_map_size=
|pushpin_map_caption= Location in Brazil
|subdivision_type = Kintra
|subdivision_type1 = [[Regions o Brazil|Region]]
|subdivision_type2 = [[States o Brazil|State]]
|subdivision_name = {{flag|Brazil}}
|subdivision_name1 = [[Central-Wast Region, Brazil|Central-Wast]]
|subdivision_name2 =  [[Federal Destrict (Brazil)|Federal Destrict]]
|leader_title = 
|leader_name = 
|area_total_sq_mi = 2240.164
|area_total_km2 = 5802
|population_footnotes =
|population_as_of = 2010
|population_total = 2,562,963  ([[Leet o lairgest ceeties in Brazil|4t]])
|population_density_km2 = 441.565
|population_density_sq_mi = 1144
|population_metro = 3,716,996 (6t)
|timezone = [[Time in Brazil|BRT]]
|utc_offset = −3
|timezone_DST = [[Time in Brazil|BRST]]
|utc_offset_DST = −2
|coordinates      = {{coord|15|47|56|S|47|52|00|W|region:BR|display=inline}}
|elevation_m = 1172
|elevation_ft =
|postal_code_type       = Postal Code
|postal_code            = 70000-000
|area_code = +55 61
|footnotes = {{designation list | embed=yes
   | designation1 = WHS
   | designation1_date = 1987 <small>(11t [[Warld Heritage Committee|session]])</small>
   | designation1_type = Cultural
   | designation1_criteria = i, iv
   | designation1_number = [http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/445 445]
   | designation1_free1name = State Party
   | designation1_free1value = Brazil
   | designation1_free2name = Region
   | designation1_free2value = [[List of World Heritage Sites in the Americas|Latin America and the Caribbean]]
}}
|website = [http://www.brasilia.df.gov.br www.brasilia.df.gov.br]
}}

{{an icon}}<br>{{lang|ca|''Corona d'Aragó}}'' {{ca icon}}<br>''Corona Aragonum'' {{la icon}}<br>''Corona de Aragón'' {{es icon}}
|conventional_long_name = Croun o Aragon
|common_name            =
|continent              = Europe
|region                 = Soothren Europe
|country                = Paorts o modren Spain, Fraunce, Italy, Greece
|era                    = [[Early modren period]]
|status                 = State union
|status_text            = [[Composite monarchy]],<ref name="composedmonarchy">[https://books.google.com/books?id=rfA_5X831MMC&lpg=PA214 Pablo Fernández Albaladejo (2001). ''Los Borbones: dinastía y memoria de nación en la España del siglo XVIII...''], Marcial Pons Historia.</ref> [[confederation]] o kinricks,<ref name="Buffery">[https://books.google.com/books?id=ssQhIHb-gx8C&pg=PA45 Historical Dictionary of the Catalans.Buffery-Marcer.2011] The Crown of Aragon was a confederation of kingdoms</ref> or individual polities ruled bi ane keeng<ref name="captives">[https://books.google.com/books?id=0PKHeWMk7IcC&pg=PR12 Captives and Their Saviors in the Medieval Crown of Aragon. Rodriguez.2007] The Crown of Aragon was a confederation of individual polities ruled by one king, the king of Aragon</ref>
|empire                 = <!--- The empire or country to which the entity was in a state of dependency --->
|government_type        = [[Composite monarchy]]
<!--- Rise and fall, events, years and dates --->
|leader1                = [[Petronilla o Aragon|Petronilla]] <small>(first)</small>
|year_leader1           = 1162-1164
|leader2                = [[Ferdinand II o Aragon|Ferdinand II]] 
|year_leader2           = 1479-1516
|leader3                = [[Charles VI, Haly Roman Emperor|Charles III]] <small>(last)</small>
|year_leader3           = 1700-1716
|title_leader           =  [[Leet o Aragonese monarchs|Monarch]]
|year_start             = 1162
|year_end               = 1716
|year_exile_start       = <!--- Year of start of exile (if dealing with exiled government – status="Exile") --->
|year_exile_end         = <!--- Year of end of exile (leave blank if still in exile) --->
|event_start            = Union o the Kinrick o Aragon an the Coonty o Barcelona
|date_start             = <!--- Optional: Date of establishment, enter dates in this format 1 January 1801--->
|event_end              = [[Nueva Planta decrees]]
|date_end               =
|event1                 = [[Conquest o Majorca|Conquest o the Kinrick o Majorca]]
|date_event1            = 1231
|event2                 = Conquest o the [[Kinrick o Valencie]]
|date_event2            = 1238–1245
|event3                 = [[Aragonese conquest o Sardinie|Conquest o the Kinrick o Sardinie]]
|date_event3            = 1324-1420
|event4                 = [[Italian War o 1499–1504|Conquest o the Kinrick o Naples]]
|date_event4            = 1501-1504
<!--- Flag navigation: Preceding and succeeding entities p1 to p5 and s1 to s5 --->
|p1                     = Kinrick o Aragon
|flag_p1                =
|p2                     = Coonty o Barcelona
|flag_p2                =
|s1                     = Enlichtenment Spain
|flag_s1                = Bandera de España 1701-1760.svg
|s2                     = Kinrick o Sicily unner Savoy
|flag_s2                = Flag of Savoie.svg
|s3                     = Habsburg Monarchy
|flag_s3                = Flag of the Habsburg Monarchy.svg
|s4                     =
|image_flag             = Royal Banner of Aragón.svg
|flag_border            = no
|flag_type              = Staundart
|flag                   = Coat of arms of the Crown of Aragon
|image_coat             = Royal arms of Aragon (Crowned).svg
|symbol_type            = Coat o airms
|symbol                 = Coat o airms o the Croun o Aragon
|image_map              = Mapa de la Corona de Aragón.svg
|image_map_caption      = Territories subject tae the Croun o Aragon at varyin times 
|common_languages       = Offeecial leids:<br />[[Aragonese leid|Aragonese]], [[Catalan leid|Catalan/Valencian]], [[Laiin leid|Laitin]]<br />Minority leids:<br />[[Andalusian Arabic|Arabic]], [[Occitan leid#Occitan in Spain|Occitan]], [[Sardinian leid|Sardinian]], [[Neapolitan leid|Neapolitan]], [[Sicilian leid|Sicilian]], [[Basque leid|Basque]], [[Greek leid|Greek]], [[Maltese leid|Maltese]], [[Spainyie leid|Castilian]]
|capital                =
|religion               = Majority releegion:<br />[[Catholic Kintra|Roman Catholic]]<br />Minority releegions:<br />[[Islam]], [[Judaism]], [[Greek Orthodoxy]]
|legislature            = [[Aragonese Corts|Cortes Aragonesas]]<br>[[Catalan Coorts|Corts Catalanes]]<br>[[Corts Valencianes]]
|stat_year1             = 1443
|stat_pop1              =
|stat_area1             = 250000
|footnotes              =
|today                  = {{flag|Andorra}}<br />{{flag|Fraunce}}<br />{{flag|Greece}}<br />{{flag|Italy}}<br />{{flag|Maltae}}<br />{{flag|Spain}}<br />{{flag|Tunisie}}
}}
The '''Croun o Aragon''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|ær|ə|ɡ|ən}};  {{lang-an|Corona d'Aragón}}, {{lang-ca|Corona d'Aragó}}, {{lang-la|Corona Aragonum}}, {{lang-es|Corona de Aragón}})<ref group="nb">'''''Corona d'Aragón''''' ({{IPA-esdia|koˈɾona ðaɾaˈɣon|Aragonese pronunciation:}})<br>'''''Corona d'Aragó''''' ({{IPA-ca|kuˈɾonə ðəɾəˈɣo|ec}}, {{IPA-ca|koˈɾona ðaɾaˈɣo|wc}})<br>'''''Corona Aragonum''''' ({{IPA-la|koˈroːna araˈɡoːnũ}}<br>'''''Corona de Aragón''''' ({{IPA-es|koˈɾona ðe aɾaˈɣon}})</ref> wis a [[composite monarchy]],<ref name="composedmonarchy"/> an aa nouadays referred tae as a [[confederation]] o individual [[polity|polities]]<ref name="captives"/> or [[monarchy|kinricks]]<ref name="Buffery"/> ruled bi ane king wi a [[personal union|personal]] an [[dynastic union]] o the [[Kinrick o Aragon]] an the [[Coonty o Barcelona]].

</ref>
| luster        = [[Vitreous lustre|Vitreous]]
| polish        =
| texture       = [[Smuith; glessy]]
| refractive    =
| opticalprop   = [[Leamin]]
| birefringence =
| dispersion    =
| pleochroism   =
| fluorescence  =
| absorption    =
| streak        =
| gravity       = ~2.4<ref>{{cite book|author=Geological Survey (U.S.)|title=Geological Survey (U.S.)|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=hQglAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA185|year=1981|publisher=The Survey|pages=185–}}</ref>
| density       =
| melt          =
| fusibility    =
| diagnostic    =
| solubility    =
| diaphaneity   =
| other         =
| references =<ref>[http://www.mindat.org/min-8519.html Obsidian]. Mindat.org</ref>
}}
'''Obsidian''' is a naiturally occurrin [[volcanic gless]] furmed as an [[extrusive]] [[igneous rock]].

, as Service Gemmes)
| founders         = Martin Bromely, Irving Bromberg, James Humpert, and David Rosen
| location_city    = [[Ōta, Tokyo]]
| location_country = [[Japan]]
| locations        = ''Internaitional Offices'':<br />[[San Francisco]], Californie, U.S.<br />[[Brentford]], Greater Lunnon, Unitit Kinrick<br />[[Seoul]], Sooth Korea<br />[[Vancouver]], Canadae<br />[[Moscow]], Roushie
| area_served      = Warldwide
| key_people       = [[David Rosen (business)|David Rosen]]<br /><small>(Foonder)</small><br />[[Isao Okawa]]<br /><small>(Umwhile chairman)</small><br />Robert Deith<br /><small>(Umwhile chairman)</small><br />[[Hajime Satomi]]<br /><small>(Chairman an CEO)</small><br />Naoya Tsurumi<br /><small>(Preses an COO)</small><br />Jürgen Post<br /><small>(CEO o Sega West)</small><br />John Cheng<br /><small>(CEO o Sega America)</small>
''Developers'':<br />[[Yu Suzuki]]<br />[[Toshihiro Nagoshi]]
| products         = <!-- Please keep this to only the ones confirmed on the site. Adding any others could be taken as vandalism. -->[[Sonic the Hedgehog (series)|''Sonic the Hedgehog'' series]]<br />[[Sega Superstars (series)|''Sega Superstars'' series]]<br />[[Phantasy Star|''Phantasy Star'' series]]<br />[[Virtua Fighter (series)|''Virtua Fighter'' series]]<br />[[Puyo Puyo (series)|''Puyo Puyo'' series]]<br />[[Shining (series)|''Shining'' series]]<br />[[The House of the Dead (series)|''The House of the Dead'' series]]<br />[[Sakura Wars|''Sakura Wars'' series]]<br />[[Valkyria Chronicles|''Valkyria Chronicles'' series]]<br />[[Super Monkey Ball (series)|''Super Monkey Ball'' series]]<br />[[Yakuza (series)|''Yakuza'' series]]<br />[[Hatsune Miku: Project DIVA|''Hatsune Miku: Project DIVA'' series]]<br />[[Virtua Tennis (series)|''Virtua Tennis'' series]]<br />[[Total War (series)|''Total War'' series]]<br />[[Football Manager|''Football Manager'' series]]<br />[[Shinobi (series)|''Shinobi'' series]]<br />[[SG-1000]]<br />[[Master System]]<br />[[Sega Genesis|Mega Drive/Genesis]]<br />[[Sega Game Gear|Game Gear]]<br />[[Sega Mega-CD|Mega-CD]]<br />[[Sega 32X]]<br />[[Sega Saturn|Saturn]]<br />[[Dreamcast]]
|num_employees = ≈4,865 (FY 2014)<ref name="sega_sammy_annual_report_2014">{{cite web | url=http://www.segasammy.co.jp/english/ir/library/pdf/printing_annual/2014/all_ar2014_e.pdf | title=Sega Sammy Holdings – Annual Report 2014 | work=segasammy.jp | publisher=[[Sega Sammy Holdings]] | format=PDF | accessdate=May 6, 2015 | pages=34, 58, 62, 65 | archive-date=2015-07-27 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150727113519/https://www.segasammy.co.jp/english/ir/library/pdf/printing_annual/2014/all_ar2014_e.pdf | url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="sammy_network">{{cite web | url=http://www.sammy-net.jp/announcement.html | title=Corporate Profile | work=sammy-net.hp | publisher=Sammy Networks Co., Ltd | accessdate=May 7, 2015 | archive-date=2016-11-05 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161105141157/http://sammy-net.jp/announcement.html | url-status=dead }}</ref>
| parent           = [[Sega Sammy Holdings]]
| homepage         = {{URL|http://www.sega.co.jp/|Sega Corporation (Japan)}}<br />{{URL|http://www.sega.com/|Sega of America}}<br />{{URL|http://www.sega.co.uk/|Sega Europe}}<br />{{URL|http://wayback.archive.org/web/20130116131817/http://www.playsega.com/|PlaySega}}
}}
The {{nihongo|'''Sega Corporation'''|株式会社セガ|[[Kabushiki gaisha]] Sega}}, pronoonced {{IPAc-en|ˈ|s|eɪ|ɡ|ə}} (US/Canadae/UK/New Zealand/Australie) an uisually styled as '''SEGA''', is a Japanese [[multinaitional corporation|multinaitional]] [[video gemme]] [[video gemme development|developer]], publisher, an [[Video gemme arcade cabinet|hardware]] development company heidquartert in [[Tokyo]], [[Japan]], wi multiple offices aroond the warld.

A '''lawer''', accordin tae ''[[Black's Law Dictionary]]'' , is "a person learned in the [[law]]; as an [[Attorney at law|attorney]], [[counsel]] or [[solicitor]]; a bodie that is [[Practice o law|practicin law]]."<ref>[[Henry Campbell Black]], ''[[Black's Law Dictionary]]'', 5th ed. ([[Saint Paul, Minnesota|St. Paul]]: [[Thomson West|West Publishing Co.]], 1979), 799.</ref>

{{Dablink|Nae tae be confused wi [[Alces alces]], cried "elk" in Europe an "moose" in North Americae}}{{itheruises}}
{{Automatic taxobox
  | name              = Moose
  | fossil_range      = Late [[Miocene]]–Recent
  | image             = Мышь 2.jpg
  | image_width       = 250px
  | image_caption     = [[Hoose moose]] (''Mus musculus'').
  | taxon             = Mus
  | authority         = [[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], [[10t edeetion o Systema Naturae|1758]]
  | subdivision_ranks = [[Species]]
  | subdivision       = 30 kent species
}}
A '''moose''' ([[plural]] ''mice'') is a [[rodent]], that is a kynd o [[mammal]].  Mice is juist wee [[ainimal]]s an is aften uised in [[science]] [[experiment]]s. Whiles mice is hauden as [[pet]]s. Some fowk thinks mice is juist clartie beasties that cairies [[disease]]s. Ither fowk thinks mice is juist sakeless ainimals (see [[Rabbie Burns]]' [[To a Mouse|Tae a Moose]] Forby). Acause mice is rodents, they are sib tae [[Ferret|ferrets]], [[rattan]]s, an [[beaver]]s.

{{Coord|15|00|N|86|30|W|display=title}}
 ([[Spaingie leid|Spaingie]])
|image_flag = Flag of Honduras (2008 Olympics).svg
|image_coat = Coat of arms of Honduras.svg
|national_motto = {{unbulleted list |{{native phrase|es|"Libre, Soberana e Independiente"|italics=off}} |{{small|"Free, Sovereign an Independent"}}}}
|national_anthem = "[[Himno Nacional de Honduras]]"<br/>{{small|"Naitional Anthem o Honduras"}} 
|image_map = Honduras (orthographic projection).svg
|capital = [[Tegucigalpa]]
|coordinates = {{Coord|14|6|N|87|13|W|type:city}}
|largest_city = Tegucigalpa
|official_languages = [[Honduran Spaingie|Spaingie]]
|regional_languages = 
|ethnic_groups =
 {{unbulleted list
  |90% [[Mestizo]]<sup>a</sup>
  |7% [[Amerindian]]
  |2% [[Afro-Honduran|Black]]
  |1% [[White Laitin American|White]]
}}
|ethnic_groups_year = {{lower|0.4em|<ref name=cia>{{cite web|title=Honduras|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ho.html|work=[[The World Fact Book]]|date=5 January 2016|accessdate=9 February 2016|archive-date=2020-05-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200515044500/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ho.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>}}
|demonym = {{hlist |Honduran |Catracho(a)}}
|government_type = [[Presidential republic]]
|leader_title1 = [[:en:President of Honduras|Preses]]
|leader_name1 = [[:en:Xiomara Castro|Xiomara Castro]]
|leader_title2 = [[:en:Vice President of Honduras|Vice Preses]]
|leader_name2 = [[:en:Salvador Nasralla|Salvador Nasralla]]
|leader_title3 = [[:en:National Congress of Honduras|Preses o Naitional Congress]]
|leader_name3 = [[:es:Luis Redondo (político)|Luis Redondo]]
|legislature = [[Naitional Congress o Honduras|Naitional Congress]]
|sovereignty_type = [[Unthirldom]]
|established_event1 = {{nowrap|Declared<sup>b</sup> frae [[Spain]]}}
|established_date1 = 15 September 1821
|established_event2 = {{nowrap|Declared frae the<br/>[[First Mexican Empire]]}}
|established_date2 = 1 Julie 1823
|established_event3 = Declared, as Honduras, frae the [[Federal Republic o Central Americae]]
|established_date3 = 5 November 1838
|area_km2 = 112,492
|area_rank = {{ordinal|102}}
|area_sq_mi = 43,278 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]-->
|percent_water =
|population_estimate = 9,587,522
|population_census = 9,540,539
|population_estimate_year = 2018
|population_estimate_rank = 95t
|population_census_year = 2022
|population_density_km2 = 84.72
|population_density_sq_mi = 220.1 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]-->
|population_density_rank = {{ordinal|128}}
|GDP_PPP = 58,340 millones<ref>https://www.imf.org/external/datamapper/profile/HND</ref>
|GDP_PPP_year = 2021
|GDP_PPP_per_capita = $8,792<ref name=imf2/>
|GDP_nominal = 26,325 millones<ref name="BIRF AIF">{{Cita web|autor=Fondo monetario internacional|url=https://www.imf.org/external/datamapper/profile/HND|idioma=español e inglés|fechaacceso=1 junio de 2021}}</ref>
|GDP_nominal_year = 2021
|GDP_nominal_per_capita = $2,655<ref name=imf2/>
|Gini = 52.1 <!--number only-->
|Gini_year = 2018
|Gini_change =  <!--increase/decrease/steady-->
|Gini_ref = 
|Gini_rank =
|HDI = 0.623 <!--number only-->
|HDI_year = 2020<!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year-->
|HDI_change = increase<!--increase/decrease/steady-->
|HDI_ref = <ref>{{Cita web|autor=PNUD|url=http://hdr.undp.org/en/content/latest-human-development-index-ranking?utm_source=EN&utm_medium=GSR&utm_content=US_UNDP_PaidSearch_Brand_English&utm_campaign=CENTRAL&c_src=CENTRAL&c_src2=GSR&gclid=Cj0KCQiAtJeNBhCVARIsANJUJ2GxLvlEWQ2sBrDMftgsawgGZVGH3EmNqrnuN-NmloiwglwjHnKpTNYaAjMTEALw_wcB|editor=hdr.undp.org|idioma=en|fechaacceso=30 de noviembre de 2021}}</ref>
|HDI_rank = 131st
|currency = [[Honduran lempira|Lempira]]
|currency_code = HNL
|time_zone = [[Central Time Zone|CST]]
|utc_offset = −6
|drives_on = right
|calling_code = [[+504]]
|cctld = [[.hn]]
|footnote_a = Mixtur o European an [[Indigenous fowks o the Americas|American Indian]].
|footnote_b = As pairt o the [[Federal Republic o Central America]].
|footnotes = Population estimates explicitly tak intae account the effects o excess mortality due tae AIDS; this can result in lawer life expectancy, heicher infant mortality an daith rates, lawer population an growthe rates, an cheenges in the distribution o population bi age an sex than wad itherwise be expectit, as o Julie 2007.
|area_magnitude = 1 E10
|country_code = w
}}

| birth_place = [[Palace o Placentia]], [[Greenwich]]
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1558|11|17|1516|2|18|df=yes}}
| death_place = [[St James's Palace]], Lunnon
| date of burial = 14 December 1558
| place of burial = [[Westminster Abbey]], Lunnon
| signature = Mary I Signature.svg
| religion=[[Roman Catholicism]]
}}
'''Mary I''' (18 Februar 1516&nbsp;– 17 November 1558) wis [[Leet o Inglis monarchs|Queen o Ingland]] an [[Kinrick o Ireland|Ireland]] frae Julie 1553 till her daith. Her executions o [[Protestantism|Protestants]] caused her opponents tae gie her the [[sobriquet]] "'''Bluidy Mary'''".

This airticle leets the '''admeenistrative diveesions o [[Chechnie]]''', [[Roushie]].

|birth_place       = [[Slough]], then [[Buckinghamshire]] nou [[Berkshire]], [[Ingland]]
|death_date        = {{death date and age|df=yes|1871|05|11|1792|03|07}}
|death_place       = Collingwood, near [[Hawkhurst]], [[Kent]], [[Ingland]]
|residence         =
|citizenship       =
|nationality       =
|ethnicity         =
|field             =
|work_institutions =
|alma_mater        =
|doctoral_advisor  =
|doctoral_students =
|known_for         = The invention o [[photografie]]
|author_abbrev_bot =
|author_abbrev_zoo =
|influences        =
|influenced        =
|prizes            =
|religion          =
|signature         =
|footnotes         =
}}
'''Sir John Frederick William Herschel, 1st Baronet''', [[Ryal Guelphic Order|KH]], [[Fellae o the Ryal Society|FRS]] (7 Mairch 1792&nbsp;– 11 Mey 1871)<ref name=HersNAH>{{cite web 
 |title=Herschel, Sir John Frederick William, 1792-1871, astronomer 
 |work=[[NAHSTE]] project 
 |publisher=[[University of Edinburgh]] 
 |url=http://www.nahste.ac.uk/isaar/GB_0237_NAHSTE_P0327.html 
 |access-date=2014-03-26 
 |archive-date=2007-05-10 
 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070510211707/http://www.nahste.ac.uk/isaar/GB_0237_NAHSTE_P0327.html 
 |url-status=dead 
 }}</ref>
wis an [[Ingland|Inglis]] [[mathematician]], [[astronomer]], [[chemist]], an experimental [[photographer]]/inventor, who in some years an aa did valuable [[botanical]] wirk.<ref name=HersNAH/>

'''Ignatius o Loyola''' ({{lang-eu|Ignazio Loiolakoa}}, {{lang-es|Ignacio de Loyola}}) ({{c.|October 23, 1491}}<ref name="RGV">{{cite book|title=San Ignacio de Loyola: Nueva biografía | last=García Villoslada | first=Ricardo | year=1986 |publisher=La Editorial Católica | isbn=84-220-1267-7| language=Spanish | url=http://books.google.com/?id=MmRvpVZQrEAC&printsec=frontcover|quote=We deduct that, (...), Iñigo de Loyola should have been born before October 23, 1491.}}</ref> – Julie 31, 1556) wis a [[Spaingie fowk|Spaingie]] knicht frae a [[Basque fowk|local Basque]] noble faimily, [[hermit]], [[Priesthuid (Catholic Kirk)|priest]] syne 1537, an [[Theology|theologian]], who foondit the [[Society o Jesus]] Christ (Jesuits) an, on 19 Aprile 1541, acame its first [[Superior General o the Society o Jesus|Superior General]].<ref name="Idig">{{cite book|last=Idígoras Tellechea|first=José Ignacio| title=Ignatius of Loyola: The Pilgrim Saint|chapter= When was he born? His nurse's account|publisher=Loyola University Press|location=Chicago|year=1994|isbn=0-8294-0779-0| page=45|url=http://books.google.com/?id=mWO8ZeN8D5sC&printsec=frontcover#PPA45,M1}}</ref>

{{Fixscots}}

A '''slogan''' is a memorable [[ensenyie]] or [[phrase]] uised bi [[clan]]s. Thir days, the wird is uised fur [[poleetical slogan|poleetical]], [[Advertisin slogan|commercial]], [[releegious]], an ither context as a repetitive expression o an idea or ettle.

'''Anjou''' ({{IPA-fr|ɑ̃ʒu}}; {{lang-la|Andegavia}}) is an umwhile [[kinrick o Fraunce|French]] [[coonty]] (in that it wis ruled bi a coont, frae {{c.|880}}), [[duchy]] (1360), an [[Provinces o Fraunce|province]].

{{Coord|1|N|38|E|display=title}}

{{fixscots}}
{{Stub}}

[[Image:Emblem of the Republic of Artsakh.svg|thumb|200px|Coat o airms o Nagorno-Karabakh]]

{{speciesbox
|taxon=| authority = ([[Morten Thrane Brunnich|Brunnich]], 1764)
| image = Gavia immer -Minocqua, Wisconsin, USA -swimming-8.jpg
| image_caption = Adult in breedin plumage in [[Wisconsin]]
|image2=File:Loon, common 04-24 a.jpg|image2_caption=In non-breeding plumage in [[North Carolina]]| status = LC
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| status_ref = <ref name=iucn_status>{{cite journal |author=BirdLife International |title=''Gavia immer'' |journal=[[The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species]] |volume=2016 |page=e.T22697842A89564946 |publisher=[[IUCN]] |date=2016 |url=http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/22697842/0 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22697842A89564946.en |access-date=10 November 2017}}</ref>
| genus = Gavia
| species = immer
| range_map = Gavia_immer_distribution.svg
| range_map_caption = Distribution o ''G. immer''
{{leftlegend|#F6F619|Breedin range|outline=gray}}{{leftlegend|#00FFFF|Winterin range|outline=gray}}
| synonyms =
''Colymbus immer''
|synonyms_ref=<ref name="hbw2">{{cite web|url=http://www.hbw.com/species/common-loon-gavia-immer|title=Common Loon (''Gavia immer'')|last1=Carboneras|first1=C|last2=Christie|first2=D A|date=|year=2016|editor1-last=del Hoyo|editor1-first=Josep|editor2-last=Elliott|editor2-first=Andrew|work=Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive|publisher=Lynx Edicions|location=|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|accessdate=2016-11-07|subscription=true|last3=Garcia|first3=E F J|editor3-last=Sargatal|editor3-first=Jordi|editor4-last=Christie|editor4-first=David A|editor5-last=de Juana|editor5-first=Eduardo}}</ref>
}}

{{fixscots|date=Februar 2021}}

}}
| traded_as = {{TYO|6501}}
| foundation = {{nowrap|{{start date|1910}} in [[Hitachi, Ibaraki]], [[Japan]]}}
| founder = [[Namihei Odaira]]
| location_city = [[Chiyoda, Tokyo]]
| location_country = Japan
| area_served = Warldwide
| key_people = {{unbulleted list |[[Takashi Kawamura (businessman)|Takashi Kawamura]] {{small|(Chairman)}} |[[Hiroaki Nakanishi]] {{small|(Preses)}}}}
| revenue = {{gain}} {{JPY|10.034 trillion|link=yes}} (2016)<ref name="10K">{{cite web|url=http://hitachi.com/IR-e/library/annual/2014/ar2014e.pdf|title=Hitachi Financial Statements|publisher=Hitachi|access-date=2017-07-09|archive-date=2015-01-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150115164758/http://www.hitachi.com/IR-e/library/annual/2014/ar2014e.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| operating_income = {{gain}} {{JPY|550.52 billion}} (2016)<ref name=10K/>
| net_income = {{loss}} {{JPY|172.15 billion}} (2016)<ref name=10K/>
| assets = {{loss}} {{JPY|12.551 trillion}} (2016)<ref name=10K/>
| equity = {{loss}} {{JPY|2.735 trillion}} (2016)<ref name=10K/>
| num_employees = 335,244 (2016)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hitachi.com/about/corporate/index.html|title=Corporate Profile|publisher=|accessdate=8 October 2014}}</ref>
| industry = [[Conglomerate (company)|Conglomerate]]
| products = {{unbulleted list |[[Electronics]] |[[Industrial machinery]] |[[Telecommunications equipment]] |[[Pouer plant]]s |[[Information seestem]]s |Automotive components |Materials |Construction equipment}}
| services = {{hlist |Consultin |[[Financial service]]s}}
| homepage = {{URL|www.hitachi.com}}
| intl = yes
}}
{{Nihongo|'''Hitachi, Ltd.'''|株式会社日立製作所|Kabushiki-gaisha Hitachi Seisakusho}} ({{IPA-ja|çiꜜtatɕi}}) is a Japanese [[multinaitional corporation|multinaitional]] ingineerin an electronics [[Conglomerate (company)|conglomerate]] company headquartered in [[Chiyoda, Tokyo]], Japan.

[[Image:Apostol-Andrey-Pervozvannyj.jpg|thumb|250px|right|[[Saunt Andra]] is the patron saunt o Scotland.]]

instead -->
| type                    = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment]]
| image_skyline           = FR-15-Aurillac21.JPG
| image_alt               = 
| image_caption           = [[Prefecturs in Fraunce|Prefectur]] biggin o the Cantal depairtment, in Aurillac
| image_flag              = Drapeau fr département Cantal.svg
| flag_alt                = 
| image_shield            = Blason département fr Cantal.svg
| shield_alt              = 
| nickname                = 
| motto                   = 
| image_map               = Cantal-Position.svg
| map_alt                 = 
| map_caption             = Location o Cantal in Fraunce
| pushpin_map             = 
| pushpin_label_position  = 
| pushpin_map_alt         = 
| pushpin_map_caption     = 
| coordinates             = {{coord|45|2|N|3|6|E|region:FR_type:adm2nd|display=inline,title}}
| coor_pinpoint           = 
| coordinates_footnotes   = 
| subdivision_type        = Kintra
| subdivision_name        = Fraunce
| subdivision_type1       = [[Regions o Fraunce|Region]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[Auvergne (region)|Auvergne]]
| established_title       = 
| established_date        = 
| founder                 = 
| seat_type               = [[Prefecturs in Fraunce|Prefectur]]
| seat                    = [[Aurillac]]
| parts_type              = [[Subprefecturs in Fraunce|Subprefecturs]]
| parts_style             = para
| p1                      = [[Mauriac, Cantal|Mauriac]]<br>[[Saint-Flour, Cantal|Saint-Flour]]
| government_footnotes    = 
| leader_party            = [[Union for a Popular Muivement|UMP]]
| leader_title            = [[Preses o the general cooncil|Preses o the General Cooncil]]
| leader_name             = [[Vincent Descoeur]]
| unit_pref               = Metric<!-- or US or UK -->
| area_magnitude          = 
| area_footnotes          = {{ref|area|1}}
| area_total_km2          = 5726
| area_note               = 
| elevation_footnotes     = 
| elevation_m             = 
| elevation_min_m         = 
| elevation_max_m         = 
| population_footnotes    = 
| population_total        = 150778
| population_as_of        = 1999
| population_rank         = [[Leet o French depairtments bi population|92nt]]
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_demonym      = 
| population_note         = 
| blank_name_sec1         = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment nummer]]
| blank_info_sec1         = 15
| blank_name_sec2         = [[Arrondissements o Fraunce|Arrondissements]]
| blank_info_sec2         = [[arrondissements o the Cantal depairtment|3]]
| blank1_name_sec2        = [[Cantons in Fraunce|Cantons]]
| blank1_info_sec2        = [[cantons o the Cantal depairtment|15]]
| blank2_name_sec2        = [[Communes in Fraunce|Communes]]
| blank2_info_sec2        = [[communes o the Cantal depairtment|260]]
| timezone1               = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset1             = +1
| timezone1_DST           = [[Central European Simmer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset1_DST         = +2
| postal_code_type        = 
| postal_code             = 
| area_code_type          = 
| area_code               = 
| iso_code                = 
| website                 = 
| footnotes               = {{note|area|1}} French Land Register data, which exclude [[estuary|estuaries]], an lochs, ponds, an glaciers lairger nor 1&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>
}}
'''Cantal''' ({{IPA-fr|kɑ̃.tal}}; {{lang-oc|Cantal, Cantau, Chantal, Chantau}}) is a [[depairtments o Fraunce|depairtment]] in sooth-central Fraunce.

{{fixscots|date=Julie 2021}}
{{Taxobox
| name = Kellas cat
| image = Kellas cat.JPG
| image_caption = Kellas cat
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]]
| classis = [[Mammal]]ia
| ordo = [[Carnivora]]
| familia = [[Felidae]]
| genus = ''[[Felis]]''
| species = '''''F. s. grampia''''' x '''''F. s. catus'''''
}}
The '''Kellas cat''' is a relatively big, black [[Felidae|feline]] native tae [[Scotland]]. Thocht to be a modren fairy tale, a specimen wis caught in 1984 close tae the [[River  Lossie]], near  the  clachan o  Kellas  in  Wast  [[Moray]].<ref name="Scotching">{{cite web|last=Bowers|first=Aron|title=Kellas Cats, Scotching the Myth|url=http://scotcats.online.fr/abc/identification/kellascataron.html|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230419072136/http://scotcats.online.fr/abc/identification/kellascataron.html|archivedate=2023-04-19|accessdate=4 October 2015|publisher=Scottish Big Cat Trust|mode=cs2}}</ref>{{sfnp|Francis|1993|p=3|ps=}} It wis discovered that it wis ae hybrid, a cross atween a [[wildcat]] an a [[Cat|domestic cat]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Alderton|first=David|url=http://archive.org/details/wildcatsofworld00alde|title=Wild cats of the world|date=1998|publisher=London : Blandford ; New York : Distributed in the U.S. by Sterling Pub.|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-7137-2752-4|pages=97}}</ref>

{{Centurybox|18}}
The '''18t century''' lastit frae 1 Januar [[1701]] tae 31 December [[1800]] in the [[Gregorian calendar]].

([[Leet o Welsh principal auries bi population|Ranked {{Welsh council population|RNK=00PR}}]])
|population_density_km2          =
|population_density_sq_mi        =
|population_metro                =
|population_density_metro_km2    =
|population_density_metro_sq_mi  =
|population_urban                =
|population_density_urban_km2    =
|population_density_urban_sq_mi  =
|population_blank1_title         =
|population_blank1               =
|population_density_blank1_title = Density
|population_density_blank1_km2   = 738
|population_density_blank1_sq_mi = 1910
|population_blank2_title         = Ethnicity <br/><small>([[Unitit Kinrick Census 2001|2001 Census]]) </small>
|population_blank2               = 95.1% White<br/> 2.6% S. Asie<br/> 1.5% Afro-Caribbean
|population_density_blank2_km2   =
|population_density_blank2_sq_mi =
<!-- General information --------------->
|timezone                = [[Greenwich Mean Time]]
|utc_offset              = +0
|timezone_DST            =
|utc_offset_DST          =
|coordinates            = {{coord|51|35|15.86|N|2|59|54.04|W|region:GB|display=inline,title}}
|elevation_footnotes     = <!--for references: use<ref> </ref> tags-->
|elevation_m             =
|elevation_ft            =
<!-- Area/postal codes & others -------->
|postal_code_type        = [[UK Postcodes|Postcode]]
|postal_code             = [[NP postcode aurie|NP]]
|area_code               = [[Leet o Wales diallin codes|01633]]
|blank_name              = [[ISO 3166-2:GB|ISO 3166-2]]
|blank_info              = GB-NWP
|blank1_name             = [[ONS codin seestem|ONS code]]
|blank1_info             = 00PR
|blank2_name             = [[Breetish naitional grid reference seestem|OS grid reference]]
|blank2_info             = {{gbmappingsmall|ST312882}}
|blank3_name             = [[Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics|NUTS]] 3
|blank3_info             = UKD31
|blank4_name = [[Demonym]]
|blank4_info = [[Newportonians]]
|website                 = [http://www.newport.gov.uk/ www.newport.gov.uk]
|footnotes               =
}}

{{fixscots}}
|location_map_size=270px|location_map_caption=Location of Oldbury Nuclear Power Station in South Gloucestershire|country=Ingland, Unitit Kinrick|location=Sooth [[Gloucestershire]]|status=Closed|commissioned=1967|decommissioned=2012|owner=[[Nuclear Decommissioning Authority]]|operator=[[Magnox Ltd]]|ps_units_manu_model=[[Associated Electrical Industries]]<br>[[C. A. Parsons and Company]]|ps_units_decommissioned=2 X 217&nbsp;MW|ps_electrical_capacity=434 MW<br>626 MW (Planned)}}

Déri Museum
| photo2a                = Universität Debrecen Nr. 3.jpg{{!}}University of Debrecen
| photo2b                = Debreceni református nagytemplom.jpg{{!}}Great Church
| spacing                = 2
| position               = center
| color_border           = white
| color                  = white
| size                   = 266
| foot_montage           = Descendin, frae tap: Déri Museum, [[Varsity o Debrecen]], an [[Protestant Great Kirk o Debrecen|Protestant Great Kirk]]}}
| image_caption          = 
|nickname = "The [[Calvinist]] [[Roum]]", Cívis Ceety
|image_flag = Flag of Debrecen.svg
|image_shield = Coa_Hungary_Town_Debrecen.svg
|subdivision_type = [[Kintras o the warld|Kintra]]
|subdivision_name = {{HUN}}
|leader_title = Mayor
|leader_name = [[Lajos Kósa]] ([[Fidesz]])
|timezone=[[Central European Time|CET]]
|utc_offset = 1
|timezone_DST = [[Central European Simmer Time|CEST]]
|utc_offset_DST = +2
|map_caption = Location o Debrecen
|official_name = Debrecen
|settlement_type = [[Ceety]]
|pushpin_map            = Hungary
|pushpin_label_position = <!-- the position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none -->
|pushpin_map_caption    = Location o Debrecen
|pushpin_mapsize        =
|image_map=|<!--<div style="position: relative"><div style="position: absolute; left: 217px; top: 63px"></div></div>--><br /><!--  Commented out because image was deleted:  --><br />Coat o arms o Debrecen
|subdivision_type1=[[Coonties o Hungary|Coonty]]
|subdivision_name1=[[Hajdú-Bihar]]
|area_total_km2=461.25
|population_total=211320{{increase}}
|population_rank =[[Leet o ceeties an touns in Hungary|2nt]]  
|population_footnotes=
|population_as_of=2011
|population_density_km2=442.53
|population_demonym = cívis
|postal_code_type=[[Postal code]]
|postal_code=4000
|area_code=52
|coordinates     = {{coord|47.52997|21.63916|region:HU|display=inline}}
}}

{{Automatic Taxobox
| name = Ungulate
| fossil_range = [[Paleocene]]-Recent, {{fossilrange|66|0}} <small>Possible [[Late Cretaceous]]-Present </small>
| image = Donkey in Clovelly, North Devon, England.jpg
| image_caption = [[Donkey]], ''Equus africanus''
| image2 = Spanish ibex.jpg
| image2_caption = [[Spaingie ibex]] (''Capra pyrenaica'')

{{Year dab|1897}}
{{Year nav|1897}}
Year '''1897''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MDCCCXCVII]]''') wis a [[common year stairtin on Fryday]] (airtin will display the full calendar) o the [[Gregorian Calendar]] an a [[common year stairtin on Wadensday]] o the 12-day slower [[Julian calendar]].

{{Year dab|1941}}
{{Year nav|1941}}
Year '''1941''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MCMXLI]]''') wis a [[common year stairtin on Wadensday]] (airtin will display the full calendar) o the [[Gregorian calendar]].

{{chembox
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 464365162
| Name = Benzene
| ImageFileL1_Ref = {{chemboximage|correct|??}}
| ImageFileL1 = Benzene geometrie.svg
| ImageNameL1 = Skeletal formula detail o benzene
| ImageSizeL1 = 120px
| ImageFileR1 = Benzene-xtal-3D-vdW.png
| ImageNameR1 = Stack o benzene baw-an-stick model
| ImageSizeR1 = 150px
| ImageFile2 = Solid benzene.png
| ImageName2 = Frozen benzene
| ImageSize2 = 200px
| IUPACName = Benzene
| SystematicName = Cyclohexa-1,3,5-triene
| OtherNames = 1,3,5-Cyclohexatriene, Benzol, Phene
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
  | CASNo = 71-43-2
  | CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
  | PubChem = 241
  | ChemSpiderID = 236
  | ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
  | UNII = J64922108F
  | UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
  | KEGG = C01407
  | KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}}
  | ChEBI = 16716
  | ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
  | ChEMBL = 277500
  | ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
  | RTECS = CY1400000
  | SMILES = c1ccccc1
  | EINECS = 200-753-7
  | InChI = 1/C6H6/c1-2-4-6-5-3-1/h1-6H
  | InChIKey = UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYAH
  | StdInChI = 1S/C6H6/c1-2-4-6-5-3-1/h1-6H
  | StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
  | StdInChIKey = UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
  | StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
  }}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
  | C=6|H=6
  | Appearance = Colourless liquid
  | Odor = Aromatic, petrol-like
  | Density = 0.8765(20) g/cm<sup>3</sup><ref name="handbook13">{{RubberBible86th}}</ref>
  | Solubility = 1.53 g/L (0 °C)<br> 1.81 g/L (9 °C)<br> 1.79 g/L (15 °C)<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Arnold |first1=D. |last2=Plank |first2=C. |last3=Erickson |first3=E. |last4=Pike |first4=F. |title=Solubility of Benzene in Water |year=1958 |journal=Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Chemical & Engineering Data Series |volume=3 |issue=2 |page=253 |doi=10.1021/i460004a016}}</ref><!--1st ref is most comprehensive but is paywalled---><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Breslow |first1=R. |last2=Guo |first2=T. |title=Surface tension measurements show that chaotropic salting-in denaturants are not just water-structure breakers |year=1990 |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |volume=87 |issue=1 |pages=167–9 |pmid=2153285 |pmc=53221 |doi=10.1073/pnas.87.1.167|bibcode = 1990PNAS...87..167B }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Coker |first1=A. Kayode |last2=Ludwig |first2=Ernest E. |title=Ludwig's Applied Process Design for Chemical And Petrochemical Plants |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=N8RcH8juG_YC&pg=PA114 |accessdate=2012-05-31 |volume=1 |year=2007 |publisher=Elsevier |isbn=0-7506-7766-X |page=114}}</ref><br> 1.84 g/L (30 °C)<br> 2.26 g/L (61 °C)<br> 3.94 g/L (100 °C)<br> 21.7 g/kg (200 °C, 6.5 MPa)<br> 17.8 g/kg (200 °C, 40 MPa)<ref name=chemister>http://chemister.ru/Database/properties-en.php?dbid=1&id=644</ref>
  | SolubleOther = Soluble in [[alcohol]], [[chloroform|CHCl<sub>3</sub>]], [[carbon tetrachloride|CCl<sub>4</sub>]], [[diethyl ether]], [[acetone]], [[acetic acid]]<ref name=chemister />
| Solubility1 = 5.83 g/100 g (20 °C)<br> 6.61 g/100 g (40 °C)<br> 7.61 g/100 g (60 °C)<ref name=chemister />
| Solvent1 = ethanediol
| Solubility2 = 20 °C, solution in water:<br> 1.2 mL/L (20% v/v)<ref name=sioc>{{cite book|last = Seidell|first = Atherton|last2 = Linke|first2 = William F.|year = 1952|title = Solubilities of Inorganic and Organic Compounds|publisher = Van Nostrand|url = [http://books.google.com/books?id=k2e5AAAAIAAJ Google Books]|accessdate = 2014-05-29}}</ref>
| Solvent2 = ethanol
| Solubility3 = 20 °C, solution in water:<br> 7.69 mL/L (38.46% v/v)<br> 49.4 mL/L (62.5% v/v)<ref name=sioc />
| Solvent3 = acetone
| Solubility4 = 52 g/100 g (20 °C)<ref name=chemister />
| Solvent4 = diethylene glycol
  | MeltingPtC = 5.53
  | BoilingPtC = 80.1
  | Viscosity = 0.7528 [[Poise|cP]] (10 °C)<br> 0.6076 cP (25 °C)<br> 0.4965 cP (40 °C)<br> 0.3075 cP (80 °C)
  | LambdaMax = 255 nm
  | RefractIndex = 1.5011 (20 °C)<br> 1.4948 (30 °C)<ref name=chemister />
  | LogP = 2.13
  | MagSus = 54.8·10<sup>−6</sup> cm<sup>3</sup>/mol
| VaporPressure = 12.7 kPa (25 °C)<br> 24.4 kPa (40 °C)<br> 181 kPa (100 °C)<ref name=nist>{{nist|name=Benzene|id=C71432|accessdate=2014-05-29|mask=FFFF|units=SI}}</ref>
  }}
| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure
| MolShape = Tetrahedral
| Dipole = 0 [[Debye|D]]
 }}
| Section4 = {{Chembox Thermochemistry
  | DeltaHf = 48.7 kJ/mol
  | HeatCapacity = 134.8 J/mol·K
  | Entropy = 173.26 J/mol·K<ref name=nist />
| DeltaHc = 3267.6 kJ/mol<ref name=nist />
 }}
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards
  | ExternalMSDS = [http://www.hmdb.ca/system/metabolites/msds/000/001/365/original/HMDB01505.pdf?1358893540 HMDB]
|   GHSPictograms = {{GHS02}}{{GHS06}}{{GHS08}}<ref name="sigma">[[Sigma-Aldrich|Sigma-Aldrich Co.]], [http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/sial/401765 Benzene]. Retrieved on 2014-05-29.</ref>
| GHSSignalWord = Danger
|   HPhrases = {{H-phrases|225|304|315|319|340|350|372}}<ref name="sigma" />
|   PPhrases = {{P-phrases|201|210|301+310|305+351+338|308+313|331}}<ref name="sigma" />
  | FlashPtC = −11.63
  | AutoignitionPtC = 497.78
  | ExploLimits = 1.2–7.8%
  | EUClass = {{Hazchem F}} {{Hazchem T+}}<br> [[Carcinogen|Carc. Cat. 1]]<br> [[Mutagen|Muta. Cat. 2]]
  | NFPA-H = 3
  | NFPA-F = 3
  | NFPA-R = 0
  | RPhrases = {{R45}}, {{R46}}, {{R11}}, {{R16}}, {{R36/38}},{{R48/23/24/25}}, {{R65}}
  | SPhrases = {{S53}}, {{S45}}
  | LD50 = 930 mg/kg (rat, oral)
  }}
| Section8 = {{Chembox Related
  | OtherCpds = [[Toluene]]<br> [[Borazine]]
  }}
}}
'''Benzene''' is an [[organic compoond|organic]] [[chemical compoond]] wi the molecular formula [[Carbon|C]]<sub>6</sub>[[Hydrogen|H]]<sub>6</sub>. The benzene molecule is componed o sax caurbon atoms jynt in a ring wi ane hydrogen atom attached tae ilk. As it conteens anerly caurbon an hydrogen atoms, benzene is clessed as a [[hydrocaurbon]].

| archipelago      = Auckland Islands
| total islands    = 7
| major islands    = [[Auckland Island]], [[Adams Island (New Zealand)|Adams Island]], [[Enderby Island (New Zealand)|Enderby Island]], [[Disappointment Island]], [[Ewing Island, New Zealand|Ewing Island]], Dundas Island, Green Island
| area_km2         =
| highest mount    = Moont Dick
| elevation_m      = 660
| country          = {{flagu|New Zealand}}
| country admin divisions title = Aurie Ootside Territorial Authority
| country admin divisions = New Zealand Subantarctic Islands
| population       = 0 (2015)
}}
The '''Auckland Islands''' ([[Māori leid|Māori]]: ''Motu Maha'' or ''Maungahuka'')<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.doc.govt.nz/upload/documents/about-doc/role/policies-and-plans/subantarctic-islands-cms/subantarctic-cms-1.3-introduction.pdf |title=1.3 Kaupapa Atawhai |work=Conservation Management Strategy Subantarctic Islands 1998-2008 |publisher=Department of Conservation |accessdate=11 November 2011 }}{{Dead link|date=January 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> are an airchipelago o [[New Zealand]], lyin {{convert|465|km|-1}} sooth o the [[Sooth Island]].

instead -->
| type                    = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment]]
| image_skyline           = Perpignan - Préfecture 2.jpg
| image_alt               = 
| image_caption           = [[Prefecturs in Fraunce|Prefectur]] biggin o the Pyrénées-Orientales depairtment, in Perpignan
| image_flag              = 
| flag_alt                = 
| image_shield            = Aragon arms.svg
| shield_alt              = 
| nickname                = 
| motto                   = 
| image_map               = Pyrénées-Orientales-Position.svg
| map_alt                 = 
| map_caption             = Location o Pyrénées-Orientales in Fraunce
| pushpin_map             = 
| pushpin_label_position  = 
| pushpin_map_alt         = 
| pushpin_map_caption     = 
| coordinates             = {{coord|42|30|N|2|45|E|region:FR_type:adm2nd|display=inline,title}}
| coor_pinpoint           = 
| coordinates_footnotes   = 
| subdivision_type        = [[Leet o sovereign states|Kintra]]
| subdivision_name        = [[Fraunce]]
| subdivision_type1       = [[Regions o Fraunce|Region]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[Languedoc-Roussillon]]
| established_title       = 
| established_date        = 
| founder                 = 
| seat_type               = [[Prefecturs in Fraunce|Prefectur]]
| seat                    = [[Perpignan]]
| parts_type              = [[Subprefecturs in Fraunce|Subprefecturs]]
| parts_style             = para
| p1                      = [[Céret]]<br>[[Prades (Pyrénées-Orientales)|Prades]]
| government_footnotes    = 
| leader_party            = 
| leader_title            = [[Preses o the general cooncil|Preses o the General Cooncil]]
| leader_name             = [[Hermeline Malherbe-Laurent]]
| unit_pref               = Metric<!-- or US or UK -->
| area_magnitude          = 
| area_footnotes          = {{ref|area|1}}
| area_total_km2          = 4116
| area_note               = 
| elevation_footnotes     = 
| elevation_m             = 
| elevation_min_m         = 
| elevation_max_m         = 
| population_footnotes    = 
| population_total        = 437157
| population_as_of        = 2007
| population_rank         = [[Leet o French depairtments bi population|57t]]
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_demonym      = 
| population_note         = Minority leids: [[Catalan leid|Catalan]] an [[Occitan]]
| blank_name_sec1         = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Department nummer]]
| blank_info_sec1         = 66
| blank_name_sec2         = [[Arrondissements o Fraunce|Arrondissements]]
| blank_info_sec2         = [[arrondissements o the Pyrénées-Orientales depairtment|3]]
| blank1_name_sec2        = [[Cantons in Fraunce|Cantons]]
| blank1_info_sec2        = [[cantons o the Pyrénées-Orientales depairtment|17]]
| blank2_name_sec2        = [[Communes in Fraunce|Communes]]
| blank2_info_sec2        = [[communes o the Pyrénées-Orientales depairtment|226]]
| timezone1               = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset1             = +1
| timezone1_DST           = [[Central European Simmer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset1_DST         = +2
| postal_code_type        = 
| postal_code             = 
| area_code_type          = 
| area_code               = 
| iso_code                = 
| website                 = 
| footnotes               = {{note|area|1}} French Land Register data, which exclude [[estuary|estuaries]], an lochs, ponds, an glaciers lairger nor 1 km<sup>2</sup>
}}
'''Pyrénées-Orientales''' ({{IPA-fr|piʁene(z)ɔʁjɑ̃tal}}; {{lang-ca|Pirineus Orientals}}; {{lang-oc|Pirenèus Orientals}}, {{IPA-oc|piɾeˈnɛwz uɾjenˈtals|}}; {{lang-sco|Eastren Pyrenees|link=yes}}) are a [[depairtments o Fraunce|depairtment]] o soothren [[Fraunce]] adjacent tae the northren [[Spain|Spaingie]] frontier an the [[Mediterranean Sea]].

'''Terrorism''' is the seestematic uise o [[wikt:terror|terror]], aften violent, especially as a means o [[coercion]]. In the [[internaitional commonty]], housomeivver, terrorism haes nae legally bindin, creeminal law [[definition o terrorism#In international law|definition]].<ref name=Martyn>Angus Martyn, [http://www.aph.gov.au/library/Pubs/CIB/2001-02/02cib08.htm The Right of Self-Defence under International Law-the Response to the Terrorist Attacks of 11 September] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090429023013/http://www.aph.gov.au/library/Pubs/CIB/2001-02/02cib08.htm |date=2009-04-29 }}, Australian Law and Bills Digest Group, Parliament of Australia Web Site, 12 February 2002.</ref><ref>Thalif Deen. [http://ipsnews.net/news.asp?idnews=29633 "POLITICS: U.N. Member States Struggle to Define Terrorism"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110611053853/http://ipsnews.net/news.asp?idnews=29633 |date=2011-06-11 }}, [[Inter Press Service]], 25 July 2005.</ref> Common definitions o terrorism refer anerlie tae those violent acts which are intendit tae create fear (terror); are perpetratit for a releegious, poleetical or, ideological goal; an deliberately target or disregard the safety o [[nan-combatant]]s (civilians). Some definitions nou include acts o [[Law|unlawful]] violence an war. The uise o similar tactics bi creeminal organisations for [[protection racket]]s or tae enforce a [[code o silence]] is uisually no labeled terrorism, tho these same actions mey be labeled terrorism whan done bi a poleetically motivatit group. The writer Heinrich Böll an scholars Raj Desai an Harry Eckstein hae suggestit that attempts tae protect against terrorism mey lead tae a kynd o social oppression.<ref>Heinrich Böll, ''Fürsorgliche Belagerung'' (Cologne: Kiepenhauer & Witsch, 1979).</ref><ref>Raj Desai and Harry Eckstein (1990). ''Insurgency: The Transformation of Peasant Rebellion'', World Politics, 42 , pp 441-465 doi:10.2307/2010510</ref>

A '''municipality''' is for ordinar a urban [[admeenistrative diveesion|admienistrative diviesion]] haein corporate status an aften haes pouers o sel-guvernment. The term ''municipality'' is uised tae mean the guvernin body o a municipality.<ref>{{cite web
  |url=http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/municipality?show=0&t=1310881057
  |title=Municipality
  |publisher=[[Merriam-Webster]]
}}</ref> A municipality is a general-purpose admienistrative subdiviesion, as fornent a [[special-purpose destrict]].  The term comes frae French "municipalité" an Laitin "municipalis".<ref>{{cite web
  |url=http://www.yourdictionary.com/municipality
  |title=municipality definition
  |publisher=Yourdictionary.com
}}</ref>

The '''Fußball-Bundesliga''' {{IPA-de|ˈfuːsbal ˈbʊndəsˌliːɡa|}} ({{lang-sco|Fitbaa Federal League}}), commonly kent as the '''Bundesliga''', is a professional [[association fitbaw]] league in Germany an the maist visitit fitbaw league warldwide.

{{coord|40.2|N|26.4|E|display=title}}

The '''Jamaican general election 2016''' wis fur tae wale the fowk that be in the [[parliament o Jamaica]]. It wis on the 25t Febriweer 2016.

{{Days in Januar}}
'']]

'''Ernesto "Che" Guevara''' ([[14 Juin]] 1928 – [[9 October]] 1967), for common kent as Che Guevara, or e'en juist Che, wis an Argentine Marxist revolutionar, politician, author, mediciner, and guerrilla.

A '''Zen gairden''', a [[Japan]]ese kynd o Karesansui 枯山水 stane gairden, is a shauld saundpit conteenin saund, grush, stanes, whiles girse or ither naitral elements. Thay are uised bi Japanese Zen monks in meditation.

gemme]]
A '''[[gemme]]''' is a structurt or semi-structurt acteevity, for ordinar unnertaen for enjoyment an whiles uised as an [[eddication]]al tuil.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Definition of GAME|url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/game|access-date=2022-01-21|website=www.merriam-webster.com|language=en}}</ref> (The term "gemme" is uised for tae descrieve simulation o sindry acteevities e.g., for the purposes o trainin, analysis or predeection, etc. Gemmes is for ordinar distinct frae wark that's for ordinar cairiet oot for remuneration, an frae [[airt]] that's mair adae wi the expression o thochts. Housomeiver, the disteenction isna clear-cut, an mony gemmes micht be conseedered wark an/or airt an aw. Key components o gemmes is dales, rules, chailenge, an interacteevity. Gemmes for ordinar involves mental or pheesical stimulation, an aften baith. Mony gemmes helps upbig practical skeels, sers as a form o exercise, or itherwice performs an eddicational, simulational or psychological role.

{{short description|Japanese Go player}}
{{distinguish|Tomoko Kato}}
'''Keiko Kato''' is a Japanese [[perfaision]]al [[Go (gemme)|Go]] player at [[Nihon Ki-in]].<ref name="base">[https://gobase.org/information/players/?pp=Kato+Keiko Keiko Kato at GoBase]</ref><ref name="sensei">[https://senseis.xmp.net/?KatoKeiko Keiko Kato at Sensei's Library]</ref><ref name="pro">[https://www.nihonkiin.or.jp/player/htm/ki000364.htm Official Profile]</ref> Her [[husband]] is an aw a perfaisional Go player. She haes several title match appearances syne the 2000s.
==Records==
{| class="wikitable"
!Year || Notes<ref name="base"/><ref name="sensei"/><ref name="pro"/>
|-
|1999
|Obtainit perfaisional status bi passin the general test. She is the 3rd [[female]] player tae pass the general test.<ref>[[Xie Yimin]] wis the 4th female player tae do this.</ref> She wis an aw the finalist at the challenger determination tournament for the Weemen Buird Master title (女流棋聖).
|-
|2001, 2003 & 2009
|Finalist at the Weemen Buird Master title
|-
|2002
|Obtainit 100 career wins
|-
|2005 & 2006
|She wis the finalist at the challenger determination tournament for the Weemen Honinbo title (女流本因坊)
|-
|2005
|Obtainit 12 consecutive wins in offeecial gemmes. This is the 3rd record amang female players.
|-
|2006
|Promotit tae 5 dan
|-
|2007
|Obtainit 200 career wins. She an aw obtainit the Weemen Grand Master title (女流名人)
|-
|2008
|Obtainit 6 dan an the Weemen Champion title (女流最強位). She wis an aw qualifiit tae the main tournament o the Tengen title<ref>Only few female players have reachit tae this status.</ref> (天元).
|-
|2012 & 2013
|Qualifiit tae the challenger determination league for the Weemen Grand Master title
|-
|2014
|Finalist at the Weemen Grand Master title
|}

|highest_prev       = [[Rouen Cathedral]]
|highest_next       = [[Washington Monument]], [[Ulm Minster]]
|highest_end        = 1884
|highest_start      = 1880
|antenna_spire      = {{convert|157.4|m|ft|abbr=on}}
|start_date         = 1248
|completion_date    = 1880
|coordinates        = {{coord|50.9413|6.958|region:DE-NW_type:landmark|display=inline,title}}
}}
'''Cologne Cathedral'''  ({{lang-de|Kölner Dom}}) ({{lang-la|link=no|Ecclesia Cathedralis Sanctorum Petri et Mariae}}, offeecially ''{{lang|de|Hohe Domkirche St. Petrus}}'', Scots: Heich Cathedral o Saunts [[Saunt Peter|Peter]] an [[Veneration o Mary in Roman Catholicism|Mary]]) is a [[Roman Catholic]] [[cathedral]] in [[Cologne]], Germany.
{{authority control}}
[[Category:19t-century establishments]]
[[Category:Veesitor attractions]]
[[Category:Cologne]]
[[Category:Warld Heritage Steids in Germany]]
[[Category:airchitectur]]

million
|ref         = <ref>INEGI 2005:3</ref>
|date        = 2000
|familycolor = Uto-Aztecan
|fam1        = [[Uto-Aztecan leids|Uto-Aztecan]]
|fam2        = [[Aztecan leids|Aztecan]]
|fam3        = [[General Aztec]]
|protoname   = [[Proto-Nahuan leid|Proto-Nahuan]]
|dia1        = [[Wastren Peripheral Nahuatl]]
|dia2        = [[Eastren Peripheral Nahuatl]]
|dia3        = [[Huastecan Nahuatl]]
|dia4        = [[Central Nahuatl dialects|Central Nahuatl]]
|dia5        = [[Pipil leid|Pipil Nahuat]]
|agency      = [[Instituto Nacional de Lenguas Indígenas]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.inali.gob.mx/ |title=Instituto Nacional de Lenguas Indígenas homepage }}</ref>
|iso2=nah
|iso3=nci
|iso3comment=[[Clessical Nahuatl]]<br />For modren varieties, see [[Leet o Nahuan leids]].
|image = 
|imagesize = 
|imagecaption = 
|nation = {{flag|Mexico}} (through the General Law of Linguistic Rights of Indigenous Peoples.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.diputados.gob.mx/LeyesBiblio/pdf/257.pdf |title=General Law of Linguistic Rights of Indigenous Peoples |language=Spanish |access-date=2014-01-30 |archive-date=2008-06-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080611011220/http://www.diputados.gob.mx/LeyesBiblio/pdf/257.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|notice=IPA
}}

'''Logical positivism''' an '''logical empiricism''', which thegither formed '''neopositivism''', wid a muivement in [[Wastren filosofie]] that embraced '''[[verificationism]]''', an approach that soucht tae legitimize filosofical discoorse on a basis shared wi the best examples o [[empirical sciences]].

The '''Internaitional Stateestical Clessification o Diseases an Relatit Heal Problems''', uisually cried bi the short-form name '''Internaitional Clessification o Diseases''' ('''ICD'''), is the internaitional "staundart [[Diagnosis|diagnostic]] tuil for [[epidemiology]], [[heal management]] an clinical purposes".<ref>{{cite web|url = http://www.who.int/classifications/icd/en/|title = International Classification of Diseases (ICD)|accessdate = 14 March 2014|publisher = World Health Organization|deadurl = no|archivedate = 12 February 2014|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20140212190115/http://www.who.int/classifications/icd/en/}}</ref>

<br />''{{transl|ar|DIN|al-Qāhira}}''
| settlement_type         = Ceety
|image_skyline            = Cairo Montage.png
|image_caption            = Top left: [[Cairo Ceety Centre]]; top richt: [[Ibn Tulun Mosque]]; Middle: [[Cairo Citadel]]; Bottom left: [[Nile]] [[Felucca]]; Bottom middle: [[Cairo Touer]]; Bottom richt: [[Muizz Street]]
| image_flag              = Flag_of_Cairo.svg|thumb|
| image_shield            = |thumb|
| nickname                = The Ceety o a Thoosan Minarets, Caipital o the Arab Warld
| pushpin_map             = Egypt
| pushpin_mapsize         = 300
| map_caption             = [[Egyp]]: Steid o Cairo (top center)
| subdivision_type        = Kintra
| subdivision_name        = {{Flag|Egyp}}
| subdivision_type1       = [[Govrenorates o Egyp|Govrenorate]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[Cairo Govrenorate|Cairo]]
| leader_title            = Govrenor
| leader_name             = Abdel Qawi Khalifa
| area_magnitude          =
| area_total_km2          = 453
| area_urban_km2          = 6,640
| area_metro_km2          = 86,369
| area_land_km2           =
| area_water_km2          =
| population_as_of        = 2006
| population_note         =
| population_total        = 11.6 million
| population_urban        = 17,290,000
| population_metro        = 19,439,541
| population_density_km2  = 17190
| timezone                = [[Eastren European Time|EET]]
| utc_offset              = +2
| timezone_DST            =
| utc_offset_DST          =
| coordinates             = {{coord|30|3|29|N|31|13|44|E|region:EG|display=inline,title}}
| elevation_m             = 23
| elevation_ft            =
| postal_code_type        =
| postal_code             =
| area_code               = 2
| website                 = [http://www.cairo.gov.eg/default.aspx www.cairo.gov.eg]
| footnotes               =
| population_blank1_title = [[Demonym]]
| population_blank1 = Cairene
}}

{{fixscots|date=Julie 2021}}
{{speciesbox
| name =Tasmanie deil
| status = EN
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| status_ref = <ref name=iucntd>{{cite journal | authors = Hawkins, C.E.; McCallum, H.; [[Nick Mooney|Mooney, N.]]; Jones, M.; Holdsworth, M. | title = ''Sarcophilus harrisii'' | journal = [[IUCN Red List of Threatened Species]] | volume= 2008 | page = e.T40540A10331066 | publisher = [[IUCN]] | year = 2008 | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/40540/0 | doi = 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T40540A10331066.en | accessdate = 27 August 2016}} Listed as Endangered (EN A2be+3e v3.1)</ref>
| image = Sarcophilus harrisii taranna.jpg
| image_caption =
| image_alt = A Tasmanian devil
| genus = Sarcophilus
| species = harrisii
| authority = ([[Pierre Boitard|Boitard]], 1841)
| range_map = Sarcophilus harrisii extent.png
| range_map_caption = Scowth o the Tasmainien deil (grey)
| range_map_alt = A cairt wi ane muckle island (Tasmainie) and twa smawer islands north o it. Aw o Tasmainie is colourit in, but the watters and smaw islands isna; the Tasmainien deil disna bide thare.
}}

The wird '''crochet''' comes fae the [[Middle French]] wird croc or croche, meanin heuk. Hit descrieves the process o creatin fabric fae a lenth o lingel, yarn, or string wi a heukit tuil cried a [[cleek]]. The oreegin o the crochet technique is a maiter o controversy.
{{Commonscat}}

'''Steading''' (alsae cryed steadin, stedding, steeding an stidden) is the name gien tae biggins on a [[ferm]] uised in sindry weys, gif for beast, vehicles, machinery, craps, or a fermhouse.<ref>https://www.dsl.ac.uk/entry/snd/steading</ref> Historically a steading wis kent as a fermtoun.<ref>https://scotsroots.wordpress.com/tag/ferm-touns/</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://sites.scran.ac.uk/kestrel3d/settlements/settlements.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2020-09-14 |archive-date=2021-01-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210117192550/https://sites.scran.ac.uk/kestrel3d/settlements/settlements.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>

{{dablink|This airticle is aboot the species o reptiles cried snakes. For ither uises, see [[Snake (disambiguation)]].}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| name = Snakes
| fossil_range = <br>[[Late Cretaceous]] – [[Holocene|Present]],<ref name=snake_origin_ecology>{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1186/s12862-015-0358-5| title = The origin of snakes: Revealing the ecology, behavior, and evolutionary history of early snakes using genomics, phenomics, and the fossil record| journal = BMC Evolutionary Biology| volume = 15| year = 2015| last1 = Hsiang | first1 = A. Y. | last2 = Field | first2 = D. J. | last3 = Webster | first3 = T. H. | last4 = Behlke | first4 = A. D. | last5 = Davis | first5 = M. B. | last6 = Racicot | first6 = R. A. | last7 = Gauthier | first7 = J. A. | pmid=25989795 | pmc=4438441}}</ref> {{Fossil range|94|0|earliest=112|latest=|PS=}}
<imagemap>
File:Snakes Diversity.jpg|250px

instead -->
| type                    = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment]]
| image_skyline           = FR-63-Clermont-Ferrand10.JPG
| image_alt               = 
| image_caption           = [[Prefecturs in Fraunce|Prefectur]] biggin o the Puy-de-Dôme depairtment, in Clermont-Ferrand
| image_flag              = 
| flag_alt                = 
| image_shield            = Blason département fr Puy-de-Dôme.svg
| shield_alt              = 
| nickname                = 
| motto                   = 
| image_map               = Puy-de-Dôme-Position.svg
| map_alt                 = 
| map_caption             = Location o Puy-de-Dôme in Fraunce
| pushpin_map             = 
| pushpin_label_position  = 
| pushpin_map_alt         = 
| pushpin_map_caption     = 
| coordinates             = {{coord|45|42|N|03|13|E|region:FR_type:adm2nd_scale:2000000|display=inline}}
| coor_pinpoint           = 
| coordinates_footnotes   = 
| subdivision_type        = [[Leet o kintras|Kintra]]
| subdivision_name        = [[Fraunce]]
| subdivision_type1       = [[Regions o Fraunce|Region]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[Auvergne (region)|Auvergne]]
| established_title       = 
| established_date        = 
| founder                 = 
| seat_type               = [[Prefecturs in Fraunce|Prefectur]]
| seat                    = [[Clermont-Ferrand]]
| parts_type              = [[Subprefecturs in Fraunce|Subprefecturs]]
| parts_style             = para
| p1                      = [[Ambert]]<br>[[Issoire]]<br>[[Riom]]<br>[[Thiers, Puy-de-Dôme|Thiers]]
| government_footnotes    = 
| leader_party            = 
| leader_title            = [[Preses o the general cooncil|Preses o the General Cooncil]]
| leader_name             = [[Jean-Yves Gouttebel]]
| unit_pref               = Metric<!-- or US or UK -->
| area_magnitude          = 
| area_footnotes          = {{ref|area|1}}
| area_total_km2          = 7970
| area_note               = 
| elevation_footnotes     = 
| elevation_m             = 
| elevation_min_m         = 
| elevation_max_m         = 
| population_footnotes    = 
| population_total        = 626639
| population_as_of        = 2007
| population_rank         = [[Leet o French depairtments bi population|36t]]
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_demonym      = 
| population_note         = 
| blank_name_sec1         = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment nummer]]
| blank_info_sec1         = 63
| blank_name_sec2         = [[Arrondissements o France|Arrondissements]]
| blank_info_sec2         = [[arrondissements o the Puy-de-Dôme depairtment|5]]
| blank1_name_sec2        = [[Cantons in Fraunce|Cantons]]
| blank1_info_sec2        = [[cantons o the Puy-de-Dôme depairtment|61]]
| blank2_name_sec2        = [[Communes in Fraunce|Communes]]
| blank2_info_sec2        = [[communes o the Puy-de-Dôme depairtment|470]]
| timezone1               = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset1             = +1
| timezone1_DST           = [[Central European Simmer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset1_DST         = +2
| postal_code_type        = 
| postal_code             = 
| area_code_type          = 
| area_code               = 
| iso_code                = 
| website                 = 
| footnotes               = {{note|area|1}} French Laund Register data, which exclude [[estuar]]s, an lochs, ponds, an glaciers lairger than 1 km<sup>2</sup>
}}
'''Puy-de-Dôme''' ({{IPA-fr|pɥi də dom}}; ''lo Puèi de Doma'' / ''lo Puèi Domat'' in the ''[[Auvergnat]]'' dialect o the [[Occitan leid]]) is a [[depairtments o Fraunce|depairtment]] in the centre o [[Fraunce]] namit efter the famous dormant volcano, the [[Puy de Dôme]].

{{Year nav|1999}}

}}
| native_name_lang        = ja
| official_name           = Kyoto Ceety
| settlement_type         = [[Ceeties designatit bi govrenment ordinance o Japan|Designatit ceety]]
<!-- images, nickname, motto --->
| image_skyline           = Kyoto montage.jpg
| imagesize               = 
| image_alt               = 
| image_caption           = Frae tap left: [[Tō-ji]], [[Gion Matsuri]] in modren Kyoto, [[Fushimi Inari-taisha]], [[Kyoto Imperial Palace]], [[Kiyomizu-dera]], [[Kinkaku-ji]], [[Ponto-chō]] and [[Maiko]], [[Ginkaku-ji]], Ceetyscape frae Higashiyama an [[Kyoto Touer]]
| image_flag              = Flag of Kyoto City.svg{{!}}border
| flag_alt                = 
| image_seal              = 
| seal_alt                = 
| image_shield            = 
| shield_alt              = 
| image_blank_emblem      = Emblem of Kyoto, Kyoto.svg
| nickname                = 
| motto                   = 
<!-- maps and coordinates ------>
| image_map               = Kyoto in Kyoto Prefecture Ja.svg
| map_alt                 = 
| map_caption             = Location o Kyoto in [[Kyoto Prefectur]]
| image_dot_map           = 
| pushpin_map             = Japan
| pushpin_label_position  = <!-- position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none -->
| pushpin_map_alt         = 
| pushpin_map_caption     = &nbsp;
| coordinates             = {{coord|35|0|42|N|135|46|6|E|region:JP|display=inline,title}}
| coor_pinpoint           = <!-- to specify exact location of coordinates (was coor_type) -->
| coordinates_footnotes   = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
<!-- location ------------------>
| subdivision_type        = [[Leet o sovereign states|Kintra]]
| subdivision_name        = Japan
| subdivision_type1       = [[Leet o regions o Japan|Region]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[Kansai region|Kansai]]
| subdivision_type2       = [[Prefecturs o Japan|Prefectur]]
| subdivision_name2       = [[Kyoto Prefectur]]
| subdivision_type3       = 
| subdivision_name3       = 
<!-- established --------------->
| established_title       = <!-- Settled -->
| established_date        = 
| founder                 = 
| named_for               = 
<!-- seat, smaller parts ------->
| seat_type               = <!-- defaults to: Seat -->
| seat                    = 
<!-- government type, leaders -->
| government_footnotes    = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| leader_party            = 
| leader_title            = Mayor
| leader_name             = [[Daisaku Kadokawa]]
| leader_title1           = 
| leader_name1            = <!-- etc., up to leader_title4 / leader_name4 -->
<!-- display settings  --------->
| total_type              = <!-- to set a non-standard label for total area and population rows -->
| unit_pref               = <!-- enter: Imperial, to display imperial before metric -->
<!-- area ---------------------->
| area_magnitude          = <!-- use only to set a special wikilink -->
| area_footnotes          = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| area_total_km2          = 827.83
| area_total_sq_mi        = <!-- see table @ Template:Infobox settlement for details -->
| area_land_km2           = 
| area_land_sq_mi         = 
| area_water_km2          = 
| area_water_sq_mi        = 
| area_water_percent      = 
| area_note               = 
<!-- elevation ----------------->
| elevation_footnotes     = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| elevation_m             = 
| elevation_ft            = 
<!-- population ---------------->
| population_footnotes    = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| population_total        =  1,474,570
| population_as_of        = October 1, 2015
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_est          = 
| pop_est_as_of           = 
| population_demonym      = <!-- demonym, ie. Liverpudlian for someone from Liverpool -->
| population_note         = 
<!-- time zone(s) -------------->
| timezone1               = [[Japan Staundart Time]]
| utc_offset1             = +9
<!-- postal codes, area code --->
| postal_code_type        = <!-- enter ZIP code, Postcode, Post code, Postal code... -->
| postal_code             = 
| area_code_type          = <!-- defaults to: Area code(s) -->
| area_code               = 
<!-- blank fields (section 1) -->
| blank_name_sec1         = Ceety Seembols
| blank1_name_sec1        = - Tree
| blank1_info_sec1        = [[Salix babylonica#Horticultural selections an relatit hybrids|Weeping Willow]], [[Acer palmatum|Japanese Maple]] an [[Cercidiphyllum japonicum|Katsura]]
| blank2_name_sec1        = - Flouer
| blank2_info_sec1        = [[Camellia]], [[Azalea]] an Succar [[Cherry]]
<!-- blank fields (section 2) -->
| blank_name_sec2         = Phone nummer
| blank_info_sec2         = 075-222-3111
| blank1_name_sec2        = Address
| blank1_info_sec2        = 488 Teramachi-Oike, Nakagyō-ku, Kyōto-shi, Kyōto-fu<br>604-8571
<!-- website, footnotes -------->
| website                 = {{plainlist|
*{{URL|www2.city.kyoto.lg.jp/koho/eng/index.html}}
*{{URL|kyoto.travel}}
}}
| footnotes               = 
}}
{{nihongo|'''Kyoto'''|{{linktext|京都}}|''Kyōto''|"Caipital ceety"}} ({{IPA-ja|kʲoːto|-|Ja-Kyoto-shi.oga}}) is a [[Ceeties o Japan|ceety]] locatit in the central pairt o the island o [[Honshu]], Japan. It haes a population close tae 1.5 million. Umwhile the Imperial [[caipital o Japan]] for mair nor ane thoosan years, it is nou the caipital ceety o [[Kyoto Prefectur]] locatit in the [[Kansai region]], as well as a major pairt o the [[Keihanshin|Kyoto-Osaka-Kobe]] metropolitan aurie. Kyoto is kent as the ''thoosan-year caipital'' an aw.

'''[[Cassia (gens)|Cassius]] Chaerea''' (dee'd 41) wis a [[centurion]] in the airmy o [[Germanicus]] an servit in the [[Praetorian Gaird]] unner the emperor [[Caligula]], whom he eventually [[assassinatit]].

</ref>
| luster        = [[Vitreous lustre|Vitreous]]
| polish        =
| texture       = [[Smuith; glessy]]
| refractive    =
| opticalprop   = [[Leamin]]
| birefringence =
| dispersion    =
| pleochroism   =
| fluorescence  =
| absorption    =
| streak        =
| gravity       = ~2.4<ref>{{cite book|author=Geological Survey (U.S.)|title=Geological Survey (U.S.)|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=hQglAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA185|year=1981|publisher=The Survey|pages=185–}}</ref>
| density       =
| melt          =
| fusibility    =
| diagnostic    =
| solubility    =
| diaphaneity   =
| other         =
| references =<ref>[http://www.mindat.org/min-8519.html Obsidian]. Mindat.org</ref>
}}
'''Obsidian''' is a naiturally occurrin [[volcanic gless]] furmed as an [[extrusive]] [[igneous rock]].

| subdivision_type1       = [[Autonomous commonties o Spain|Autonomous commonty]]
| subdivision_name1       = {{flag|Catalonie}}
| subdivision_type2       = [[Provinces o Spain|Province]]
| subdivision_name2       = [[Province o Barcelona|Barcelona]]<br>[[Province o Lleida|Lleida]] ([[Gósol]])
| seat_type               = [[Caipital ceety|Caipital]]
| seat                    = [[Berga]]
| parts_type              = Municipalities
| parts_style             = list
| p1                      = [[Avià]], [[Bagà]], [[Berga]], [[Borredà]], [[Capolat]], [[Casserres]], [[Castell de l'Areny]], [[Castellar de n'Hug]], [[Castellar del Riu]], [[Cercs]], [[L'Espunyola]], [[Fígols]], [[Gironella]], [[Gisclareny]], [[Guardiola de Berguedà]], [[Gósol]], [[Montclar]], [[Montmajor]], [[La Nou de Berguedà]], [[Olvan]], [[La Pobla de Lillet]], [[Puig-reig]], [[La Quar]], [[Sagàs]], [[Saldes]], [[Sant Jaume de Frontanyà]], [[Sant Julià de Cerdanyola]], [[Santa Maria de Merlès]], [[Vallcebre]], [[Vilada]], [[Viver i Serrateix]]
| leader_party            = 
| leader_title            = 
| leader_name             = 
| area_footnotes          = 
| area_total_km2          =  1182.5
| elevation_footnotes     = 
| elevation_m             = 
| population_footnotes    = 
| population_total        = 40555
| population_as_of        = 2013
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_demonym      = &nbsp;
| population_note         = 
| blank_name_sec1         = [[Leet o municipalities o Spain|Lairgest municipality]]
| blank_info_sec1         = [[Berga]]
| timezone1               = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset1             = +1
| timezone1_DST           = [[Central European Simmer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset1_DST         = +2
| postal_code_type        = [[Leet o postal codes in Spain|Postal code]]
| postal_code             = 
| area_code_type          = [[Telephone nummers in Spain|Dialin code]]
| area_code               = 
| website                 = 
| footnotes               = 
}}

{{Chembox
| Verifiedfields = chynged
| Watchedfields = chynged
| verifiedrevid = 477238786
| ImageFile3 = Acetic acid.jpg
| ImageFile3_Ref = {{chemboximage|correct|??}}
| ImageSize3 = 244
| ImageName3 = Sample o acetic acid in a reagent bottle
| ImageFileL1 = Acetic-acid-2D-skeletal.svg
| ImageFileL1_Ref = {{chemboximage|correct|??}}
| ImageNameL1 = Skeletal formula o acetic acid
| ImageFileR1 = Acetic-acid-CRC-GED-3D-vdW-B.png
| ImageFileR1_Ref = {{chemboximage|correct|??}}
| ImageNameR1 = Spacefill model o acetic acid
| ImageFileL2 =Acetic-acid-2D-flat.png
| ImageFileL2_Ref = {{chemboximage|correct|??}}
| ImageNameL2 = Skeletal formula o acetic acid wi aw explicit hydogens addit
| ImageFileR2 = Acetic-acid-CRC-GED-3D-balls-B.png
| ImageFileR2_Ref = {{chemboximage|correct|??}}
| ImageNameR2 = Baw an stick model o acetic acid
| IUPACName = Acetic acid<ref>{{cite book | title=A Guide to IUPAC Nomenclature of Organic Compounds (Recommendations 1993) | publisher=Blackwell Scientific publications | author=IUPAC, Commission on Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry | year=1993 | chapter=Table 28(a) Carboxylic acids and related groups. Unsubstituted parent structures | url=http://www.acdlabs.eu/iupac/nomenclature/93/r93_705.htm | isbn=0-632-03488-2 | access-date=2014-04-28 | archive-date=2018-12-25 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225011608/http://www.acdlabs.eu/iupac/nomenclature/93/r93_705.htm%20 | url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url = http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=176|title = Acetic Acid - PubChem Public Chemical Database|work = The PubChem Project|location = USA|publisher = National Center for Biotechnology Information}}</ref>
| SystematicName = Ethanoic acid<ref name="BB-prs310305">IUPAC Provisional Recommendations 2004 [http://old.iupac.org/reports/provisional/abstract04/BB-prs310305/Chapter1.pdf Chapter P-12.1; page 4]</ref>
| OtherNames = Methanecarboxylic acid<ref>{{cite book|title=Scientific literature reviews on generally recognized as safe (GRAS) food ingredients|publisher=National Technical Information Service|year=1974|page=1}}</ref><ref>"Chemistry", volume 5, Encyclopedia Britannica, 1961, page 374</ref>
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
|  Abbreviations = AcOH
|  CASNo = 64-19-7
|  CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
|  PubChem = 176
|  PubChem_Ref = {{Pubchemcite|correct|pubchem}}
|  ChemSpiderID = 171
|  ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
|  UNII = Q40Q9N063P
|  UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
|  EINECS = 200-580-7
|  UNNumber = 2789
|  DrugBank_Ref = {{drugbankcite|correct|drugbank}}
| DrugBank = DB03166
|  KEGG = D00010
|  KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|changed|kegg}}
|  MeSHName = Acetic+acid
|  ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEBI = 15366
|  ChEMBL = 539
|  ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
|  IUPHAR_ligand = 1058
|  RTECS = AF1225000
|  ATCCode_prefix = G01
|  ATCCode_suffix = AD02
|  ATC_Supplemental = {{ATC|S02|AA10}}
|  Beilstein = 506007
|  Gmelin = 1380
|  3DMet = B00009
|  RTECS = AF1225000
|  SMILES = CC(O)=O
|  StdInChI = 1S/C2H4O2/c1-2(3)4/h1H3,(H,3,4)
|  StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
|  StdInChIKey = QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N
|  StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
}}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
|  C = 2
|  H = 4
|  O = 2
|  ExactMass = 60.021129372 g mol<sup>-1</sup>
|  Appearance = Colourless liquid
|  Odor = vinegar-like
|  Density = 1.049 g cm<sup>-3</sup>
|  Solubility = [[Miscible]]
|  MeltingPtK = 289
|  MeltingPtKH = 290
|  BoilingPtK = 391
|  BoilingPtKH = 392
|  LogP = -0.322
|  pKa = 4.76
|  pKb = 9.198
|  Viscosity = 1.22 mPa s
|  RefractIndex = 1.371
|  Dipole = 1.74 D
}}
| Section4 = {{Chembox Thermochemistry
|  DeltaHf = -483.88--483.16 kJ mol<sup>-1</sup>
|  DeltaHc = -875.50--874.82 kJ mol<sup>-1</sup>
|  Entropy = 158.0 J K<sup>-1</sup> mol<sup>-1</sup>
|  HeatCapacity = 123.1 J K<sup>-1</sup> mol<sup>-1</sup>
}}
| Section5 = {{Chembox Hazards
|  GHSPictograms = {{GHS02}} {{GHS05}}
|  GHSSignalWord = Danger
|  HPhrases = {{H-phrases|226|314}}
|  PPhrases = {{P-phrases|280|305+351+338|310}}
|  EUIndex = 607-002-00-6
|  EUClass = {{Hazchem C}}
|  RPhrases = {{R10}}, {{R35}}
|  SPhrases = {{S1/2}}, {{S23}}, {{S26}}, {{S45}}
|  NFPA-F = 2
|  NFPA-H = 3
|  NFPA-R = 0
|  FlashPtC = 40
|  AutoignitionC = 427
|  LD50 = 3.31 g kg<sup>-1</sup>, oral (rat)
|  ExploLimits = 4-16%
}}
| Section6 = {{Chembox Related
|  Function = [[carboxylic acid]]s
|  OtherFunctn = [[Formic acid]]<br />[[Propionic acid]]
|  OtherCpds = [[Acetaldehyde]]<br />
[[Acetamide]]<br />
[[Acetic anhydride]]<br />
[[Acetonitrile]]<br />
[[Acetyl chloride]]<br />
[[Ethanol]]<br />
[[Ethyl acetate]]<br />
[[Potassium acetate]]<br />
[[Sodium acetate]]<br />
[[Thioacetic acid]]
}}
}}
'''Acetic acid''' {{IPAc-en|ə|ˈ|s|iː|t|ɨ|k}} (seestematically named '''ethanoic acid''' {{IPAc-en|ˌ|ɛ|θ|ə|ˈ|n|oʊ|ɨ|k}}) is an [[organic compoond]] wi the [[chemical formula]] CH<sub>3</sub>COOH (an aa written as CH<sub>3</sub>CO<sub>2</sub>H or C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub>O<sub>2</sub>).

{{Automatic taxobox
| fossil_range = [[Late Jurassic]], {{Geological range|152|151}}
| image = Louisae.jpg
| image_caption = Moontit ''A. louisae'' [[holotype]] (specimen CM 3018), [[Carnegie Museum o Naitural History]]
| image_width = 250px
| authority = [[Othniel Charles Marsh|Marsh]], 1877
| type_species = {{extinct}}'''''Apatosaurus ajax'''''
| type_species_authority = Marsh, 1877
| subdivision_ranks = Referred Species
| subdivision = 
{{species list
|{{extinct}}'''Apatosaurus louisae'''|Holland, 1916
}}
}}
'''''Apatosaurus''''' (meanin "deceptive reptile" {{IPAc-en|ə|ˌ|p|æ|t|ɵ|ˈ|s|ɔr|ə|s}}) is a [[genus]] o extinct [[sauropod]] [[dinosaur]]s that lived in North Americae during the [[Late Jurassic]] [[period (geology)|period]].

</span>
|settlement_type = [[Emirate]]
|translit_lang1_type = [[Arabic script|Arabic]]
|translit_lang1_info = دبي
|image_skyline= Zabeel Park.jpg
|image_caption= Dubai skyline frae Zabeel Pairk
|image_flag = Flag of Dubai.svg
|pushpin_map = Dubai
|pushpin_map_caption = Location of Dubai in the UAE
|pushpin_mapsize = 280
|image_map1 = LocationUnitedArabEmirates.png
|seat = Dubai
|government_type = [[Constitutional monarchy]]<ref name=constmonarchy>{{cite web |title=UAE Constitution |url=http://www.helplinelaw.com/law/uae/constitution/constitution01.php |publisher=Helplinelaw.com |accessdate=21 July 2008 |archive-date=2013-02-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130217082141/http://helplinelaw.com/law/uae/constitution/constitution01.php |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|subdivision_type1 = Kintra
|subdivision_name1 = {{flag|United Arab Emirates}}
|subdivision_type2 = [[Emirates o the Unitit Arab Emirates|Emirate]]
|subdivision_name2 = {{flag|Dubai}}
|parts_type = Subdiveesions
|parts = Touns an veelages
|p1 = [[Jebel Ali]]
|p2 = [[Hatta, Unitit Arab Emirates|Hatta]]
|p3 = Al Hunaiwah
|p4 = [[Al Aweer]]
|p5 = Al Hajarain
|p6 = Al Lusayli
|p7 = Al Marqab
|p8 = Al Faq
|p9 = Hail
|p10 = Assam
|p11 = Ud al-Bayda
|p12 = Al Malaiha
|p13 = Al Madam
|p14 = Margham
|p15 = Urqub Juwayza
|p16 = Al Wasal
|leader_title = [[Monarch|Ruler]]
|leader_name = [[Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum]]
|leader_title1 = [[Croun Prince]]
|leader_name1 = [[Hamdan Bin Mohammed Bin Rashid Al Maktoum|Hamdan bin Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum]]
|established_title1 = Incorporated (town)
|established_date1 = 9 Juin 1833
|established_title2= Unthirldom frae UK
|established_date2 = 2 December 1971
|founder = [[Al Maktoum|Maktoum bin Bati bin Suhail]] (1833)
|area_magnitude =
|area_total_km2 = 4114
|area_city_km2 = 1287.4
|area_footnotes =<ref>Area o [[Emirates o the Unitit Arab Emirates|"Dubai emirate"]], includes airtificial islands.</ref>
|population_as_of= 1 January 2013
|population_total=2106177
|population_density_km2GUM/></span>
|population_blank1= 53% [[Indians in the Unitit Arab Emirates|Indian]] <br/> 17% [[Emirati fowk|Emirati]] <br/> 13.3% [[Pakistanis in the Unitit Arab Emirates|Pakistani]] <br/> 7.5% [[Bangladeshis in the Unitit Arab Emirates|Bangladesh]]i <br/> 2.5% [[Filipinos in the Unitit Arab Emirates|Filipino]] <br/> 1.5% [[Sri Lankans in the Unitit Arab Emirates|Sri Lanka]]n <br/> 0.3% [[Americans in the Unitit Arab Emirates|American]] <br/> 5.7% ither kintras
|utc_offset = +4
|timezone = UAE staundart time
|coordinates = {{coord|25|15|00|N|55|18|00|E|display=inline,title}}
|website = [http://www.dubai.ae/v7/en.portal Dubai Emirate]<br />[http://www.dm.gov.ae/wps/portal/MyHomeEn Dubai Municipality]
|footnotes =
}}

{{Italic title}}
{{speciesbox
|name = Annual honesty
|image = Lunaria annua flowers.jpg
|taxon = Lunaria annua
|authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]
}}
'''''Lunaria annua''''' is a [[species]] o [[flouerin plant]] [[native plant|native]] tae the [[Balkans]] an sooth wast Asie, an naituralised ootthrou the [[temperateness|temperate]] warld.

| birth_place = [[Cleveland, Ohio]], Unitit States
| alma_mater = [[Yale Varsity]]
| era = {{nowrap|[[20t-century filosofie|20t]]{{\}}[[21st-century filosofie]]}}
| region = [[Wastren filosofie]]
| school_tradition = {{ublist |[[Continental filosofie]] |[[Third-wave feminism]] |[[Creetical theory]] |[[Queer theory]] |[[Postmodrenism]] |[[Post-structuralism]] |[[Performative turn]]}}
| main_interests = {{ublist |[[Feminist theory]] |[[Poleetical filosofie]] |[[Ethics]] |[[Psychoanalysis]] |[[Phenomenology (filosofie)|Phenomenology]] |[[Discoorse]] |[[Embodied cognition|Embodiment]] |[[Human sexuality|Sexuality]] |[[Gender theory]] |[[Jewish filosofie]]}}
| notable_ideas = {{ublist|class=nowrap |[[Gender]] as [[Social constructionism|social construction]] |[[Gender performativity]]}}
| influences = {{hlist |[[Karl Marx]] |[[Michel Foucault]] |[[Theodor Adorno]] |[[J.L. Austin]] |[[Luce Irigaray]] |[[Monique Wittig]] |[[Emmanuel Lévinas]] |[[Jacques Derrida]] |[[Jacques Lacan]] |[[Sigmund Freud]] |[[Søren Kierkegaard]] |[[Friedrich Nietzsche]] |[[Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel]] |[[Simone de Beauvoir]]}}
| influenced = {{hlist |[[Susan Stryker]] |[[Sandy Stone (airtist)|Sandy Stone]] |[[Jasbir Puar]] |[[Andrea Smith (academic)|Andrea Smith]] |[[Pussy Riot]]&thinsp;<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/08/26/arts/music/pussy-riot-was-carefully-calibrated-for-protest.html?nl=todaysheadlines&emc=tha28_20120823 |title=Pussy Riot Was Carefully Calibrated for Protest |last=Ryzik |first=Melena |date=22 August 2012 |work=[[The New York Times]] |accessdate=23 August 2012}}</ref> |}}
}}
'''Judith Butler''' (born Februar 24, 1956) is an American filosofer an [[Gender studies|gender theorist]] whase wark haes influenced [[poleetical filosofie]], [[ethics]] an the fields o [[Feminist theory|third-wave feminist]], [[Queer theory|queer]]<ref>{{cite web|last=Halberstam|first=Jack|title=An audio overview of queer theory in English and Turkish by Jack Halberstam|url=https://archive.org/details/HalberstamQueerTheory-AnkaraTurkey|accessdate=29 May 2014}}</ref> an [[leeterar theory]].<ref name="kearns">{{cite journal |last=Kearns |first=Gerry |title=The Butler affair and the geopolitics of identity |journal=Environment and Planning D: Society and Space |year=2013 |volume=31 |pages=191–207 |doi=10.1068/d1713}}</ref>

{{fixscots|date=Januar 2021}}

{{Short description|Realm of viruses}}
{{Virusbox
| taxon             = Riboviria
| subdivision_ranks = Subtaxa
| subdivision       = [[#Clessification|See text]]
}}
'''''Riboviria''''' is a [[Realm (virology)|realm]] o [[virus]]es that includes aw viruses wi a RNA genome that [[Genetic code|encode]]s an[[RNA-dependent RNA polymerase]] an aw viruses that encode an [[RNA-dependent DNA polymerase]]. RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), cried RNA replicase an aw, produces [[ribonucleic acid]] (RNA) frae RNA, an RNA-dependent DNA polymerase (RdDp), cried reverse transcriptase an aw, produces [[deoxyribonucleic acid]] (DNA) frae RNA. Thir [[enzyme]]s are essential for [[Viral replication|replicating]] the viral genome an [[Transcription (biology)|transcribing]] viral genes intae [[messenger RNA]] (mRNA) for [[Translation (biology)|translation]] o viral [[protein]]s.

uises a seestem on a chip as an awmaist fully-conteened [[Microcomputer|micro computer]] (this SoC disna contain [[Random-access memory|RAM]] or ony kynd o storage memory which is common for [[microprocessor]] SoC).]]
A '''seestem on a chip''' ({{lang-sco|seestem on a chip}}), or '''seestem on chip''' ({{Lang-en|system-on-chip}}, '''SoC''' or '''SOC''') is an [[integratit circuit]] (commonly cried a "chip") that integrates aw components o a [[computer]] or other [[Electronics|electronic]] seestem. It mey conteen [[Deegital signal (electronics)|deegital]], [[Analog signal|analog]], [[Mixed-signal integratit circuit|mixed-signal]], an eften [[radio-frequency]] functions—aw on a single [[substrate (electronics)|substrate]]. SoCs are very common in the [[mobile computin]] mercat acause o thair law pouer-consumption.<ref>Pete Bennett, EE Times. "[http://www.eetimes.com/document.asp?doc_id=1276973 The why, where and what of low-power SoC design]." December 2, 2004. Retrieved July 28, 2015. {{Airtin leid|en}}</ref> A teepical application is in the aurie o [[embeddit seestems]].

The '''GEOnet Names Server''' ('''GNS''') provides access tae the [[Naitional Geospatial-Intelligence Agency]]'s (NGA) an the [[U.S. Buird on Geografic Names]]'s (BGN) database o geografic featur names an locations for locations ootside the [[Unitit States]].

[[Image:Capitole Toulouse - Salle des Illustres - Toulouse coopérant à la défense nationale 1897 - Jean-André Rixens.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Ceilin pentin, bi [[Jean-André Rixens]]. Salle des Illustres, Le Capitole, [[Toulouse|Toulouse, Fraunce]].]]
A '''mural''' is ony piece o airtwirk pentit or applied directly on a waw, ceilin or ither muckle permanent surface.

{{fixscots|date=October 2020}}

In [[pheesics]], particularly [[electromagnetism]], the '''Biot–Savart law''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|b|iː|oʊ|_|s|ə|ˈ|v|ɑr}} or {{IPAc-en|ˈ|b|j|oʊ|_|s|ə|ˈ|v|ɑr}})<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/biot+savart+law?qsrc=2446 |title=Archived copy |access-date=2014-01-26 |archive-date=2015-04-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402141931/http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/biot+savart+law?qsrc=2446 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
is an equation describin the [[magnetic field]] generatit bi an [[electric current]]. It relates the magnetic field tae the magnitude, direction, length, an proximity o the electric current. The law is valid in the [[Magnetostatics|magnetostatic approximation]], an is consistent wi baith [[Ampère's circuital law]] an [[Gauss's law for magnetism]].<ref>{{cite book | author=Jackson, John David | title=Classical Electrodynamics | url=https://archive.org/details/classicalelectro0000jack_e8g9 | edition=3rd| location=New York | publisher=Wiley | year=1999 | isbn=0-471-30932-X | page = Chapter 5 | nopp=true}}</ref> It is named for [[Jean-Baptiste Biot]] an [[Félix Savart]] who discovered this relationship in 1820.

|death_place=[[Roum]], [[Papal States]], [[Haly Roman Empire]]
|previous_post={{unbulleted list|[[San Clemente|Cardinal-Priest o San Clemente]] (1073–78)|Legate tae [[Fraunce]] an [[Spain]] (1089–90)}}
|other=Paschal
}}
'''Pape Paschal II''' ({{lang-la|Paschalis II}}; 1050&nbsp;{{abbr|x|sometime between}}&nbsp;1055&nbsp;– 21 Januar 1118), born '''Ranierius''', wis [[Pape]] frae 13 August 1099 tae his daith in 1118.

{{taxobox
|name = Carrot faimily
|image = Umbelliferae-apium-daucus-foeniculum-eryngium-petroselinum.jpg
|image_caption = Umbelliferae: ''Apium'' leaves an tiny inflorescences, ''Daucus'' habit, ''Foeniculum'' inflorescences, ''Eryngium'' inflorescences, ''Petroselinum'' root.
|regnum = [[Plantae]]
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Asterids]]
|ordo = [[Apiales]]
|familia = '''Apiaceae''' (or '''Umbelliferae''')
|familia_authority = [[John Lindley|Lindl.]]
|type_genus = ''[[Apium]]''
|type_genus_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]]
|subdivision_ranks = [[Faimily (biology)|Subfaimilies]]
|subdivision =*Mackinlayoideae <small>Plunkett & Lowry</small>
*Azorelloideae <small>Plunkett & Lowry</small>
*Saniculoideae <small>Burnett</small>
*Apioideae <small>Seemann</small>
|}}
The '''Apiaceae''' (or '''Umbelliferae'''), commonly kent as the '''celery''', '''carrot''' or '''parsley faimily''', is a faimily o maistly aromatic [[plant]]s wi holla stems.

o ony kynd in the warld—is the Cheenese [[Flying Pigeon]], wi some 500 million in service.<ref name=Koeppel2007>{{Citation |title= Flight of the Pigeon |last= Koeppel |first= Dan |magazine= [[Bicycling (magazine)|Bicycling]] |date= January–February 2007 |volume= 48 |issue= 1 |ISSN=0006-2073 |publisher= [[Rodale, Inc.]] |pages= 60–66 |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=isUDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA60 |accessdate= 2012-01-28 }}</ref>]]
A '''bicycle''', eften cried a '''bike''', is a [[human-pouered transport|human-pouered]], [[bicycle pedal|pedal-driven]], [[single-track vehicle]], haein twa [[bicycle wheel|wheels]] attached tae a [[bicycle frame|frame]], ane ahint the ither.

{{fixscots|date=Februar 2021}}

{{chembox
| verifiedrevid = 477513893
|   ImageFileL1 = Propylene skeletal.svg
|   ImageNameL1 = Skeletal formula o propene
|   ImageFileR1 = Propene-2D-flat.png
|   ImageFileL2 = Propylene-3D-vdW.png
|   ImageFileR2 = Propylene-3D-balls.png
|   ImageNameR2 = Propylene
|   IUPACName = Propene
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
|   SMILES = C=CC
| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEMBL = 117213
|   CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| CASNo = 115-07-1
| UNNumber = [[Leet o UN Numbers 1001 tae 1100|1077]]<br/>''In [[Liquefied petroleum gas]]: ''[[Leet o UN Nummers 1001 tae 1100|1075]]
|   RTECS = UC6740000
| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}}
| KEGG = C11505
|  ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEBI = 16052
| PubChem = 8252
|  ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 7954
|  SMILES = CC=C
|  InChI = 1/C3H6/c1-3-2/h3H,1H2,2H3
|  InChIKey = QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYAA
|  StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/C3H6/c1-3-2/h3H,1H2,2H3
|  StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N
  }}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
|   C=3|H=6
|   Appearance = Colourless gas
|   Density = 1.81 kg/m<sup>3</sup>, gas (1.013 bar, 15 °C)<br>613.9 kg/m<sup>3</sup>, liquid
|   Solubility = 0.61 g/m<sup>3</sup>
|   BoilingPtC = − 47.6
|   MeltingPtC = − 185.2
|   Viscosity = 8.34 [[pascal second|µPa·s]] at 16.7 °C
  }}
| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure
|   Dipole = 0.366 [[Debye|D]] (gas)
  }}
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards
|   ExternalMSDS = [http://msds.chem.ox.ac.uk/PR/propene.html External MSDS]
|   MainHazards = Heichly flammable,<br />Asphyxiant
|   NFPA-H = 1
|   NFPA-F = 4
|   NFPA-R = 1
|   FlashPtC = −108
|   RPhrases = 12
|   SPhrases = 9-16-33
  }}
| Section8 = {{Chembox Related
|   Function = [[alkene]]s
|   OtherFunctn = [[Ethylene]]<br />[[Isomers o Butylene]]
|   OtherCpds = [[Propane]], [[Propyne]]<br />[[Propadiene]], [[1-Propanol]]<br />[[Isopropyl alcohol|2-Propanol]]
|   Function = groups
|   OtherFunctn = [[Allyl]], [[Propenyl]]}}
}}
'''Propene''', forby kent as '''propylene''' or '''methylethylene''', is an [[Unsaturatit compoond|unsaturatit]] [[organic compoond]] haein the [[chemical formula]] [[Carbon|C]]<sub>3</sub>[[Hydrogen|H]]<sub>6</sub>.

'''Nether-Saxon''' (For ordinar cryed '''Nedersaksisch''' in the Netherlands, '''Plattdüütsch, Nedderdüütsch''' or '''Neddersassisch''' in Germany an '''Plautdietsch''' by the [[Roushie Mennonite]]), is a name for the [[regional leid]] varieties o the [[Laich Germanic leids]] that's tae the maist pairt spak in the north o [[Germany]], the sooth o [[Denmark]] an the east [[Netherlands]]. Forby, thon there's immigrant communities in a wheen airts athort the warld, sic as [[Canadae]].

{{fixscots}}
{{Automatic_taxobox
| name = Pine tree
| image = Pinus densiflora Kumgangsan.jpg
| image_caption = [[Japanese reid pine]] (''Pinus densiflora''), [[North Korea]]
| taxon = Pinus
| authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]
| subdivision_ranks = Subgenera
| subdivision =
| range_map = Pinus range.png
| range_map_caption = Range o ''Pinus''
}}
A '''pine''' is ony [[Pinophyta|conifer]] in the [[genus]] '''''Pinus,''''' o the [[faimily (biology)|faimily]] [[Pinaceae]]. ''Pinus'' is the sole genus in the [[subfaimily]] '''Pinoideae'''. The Plant List compiled bi the [[Ryal Botanic Gairdens, Kew]] an [[Missouri Botanical Gairden]] accepts 126 speshies names o pines as current, thegether wi 35 unresolved speshies an mony mair synonyms.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/search?q=pinus |title=The Plant List Version 1.1 |accessdate=15 December 2015 |archive-date=2019-06-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190601230909/http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/search?q=Pinus |url-status=dead }}</ref>

instead -->
| type                    = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment]]
| image_skyline           = Vannes - préfecture (1).JPG
| image_alt               = 
| image_caption           = [[Prefecturs in Fraunce|Prefectur]] biggin o the Morbihan depairtment, in Vannes
| image_flag              = 
| flag_alt                = 
| image_shield            = Blason département fr Morbihan.svg
| shield_alt              = 
| nickname                = 
| motto                   = 
| image_map               = Morbihan-Position.svg
| map_alt                 = 
| map_caption             = Location o Morbihan in Fraunce
| pushpin_map             = 
| pushpin_label_position  = 
| pushpin_map_alt         = 
| pushpin_map_caption     = 
| coordinates             = {{coord|47|50|N|02|50|W|region:FR_type:adm2nd_scale:2000000_source:frwiki|display=inline,title}}
| coor_pinpoint           = 
| coordinates_footnotes   = 
| subdivision_type        = [[Leet o sovereign states|Kintra]]
| subdivision_name        = [[Fraunce]]
| subdivision_type1       = [[Regions o Fraunce|Region]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[Brittany (admeenistrative region)|Brittany]]
| established_title       = 
| established_date        = 
| founder                 = 
| seat_type               = [[Prefecturs in Fraunce|Prefectur]]
| seat                    = [[Vannes]]
| parts_type              = [[Subprefecturs in Fraunce|Subprefecturs]]
| parts_style             = para
| p1                      = [[Lorient]]<br>[[Pontivy]]
| government_footnotes    = 
| leader_party            = 
| leader_title            = [[Preses o the general cooncil|Preses o the General Cooncil]]
| leader_name             = [[François Goulard]]
| unit_pref               = Metric<!-- or US or UK -->
| area_magnitude          = 
| area_footnotes          = {{ref|area|1}}
| area_total_km2          = 6823
| area_note               = 
| elevation_footnotes     = 
| elevation_m             = 
| elevation_min_m         = 
| elevation_max_m         = 
| population_footnotes    = 
| population_total        = 702487
| population_as_of        = 2007
| population_rank         = [[Leet o French depairtments bi population|32nt]]
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_demonym      = 
| population_note         = 
| blank_name_sec1         = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment nummer]]
| blank_info_sec1         = 56
| blank_name_sec2         = [[Arrondissements o Fraunce|Arrondissements]]
| blank_info_sec2         = [[arrondissements o the Morbihan depairtment|3]]
| blank1_name_sec2        = [[Cantons in Fraunce|Cantons]]
| blank1_info_sec2        = [[cantons o the Morbihan depairtment|21]]
| blank2_name_sec2        = [[Communes in Fraunce|Communes]]
| blank2_info_sec2        = [[communes o the Morbihan depairtment|261]]
| timezone1               = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset1             = +1
| timezone1_DST           = [[Central European Simmer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset1_DST         = +2
| postal_code_type        = 
| postal_code             = 
| area_code_type          = 
| area_code               = 
| iso_code                = 
| website                 = 
| footnotes               = {{note|area|1}} French Land Register data, which exclude [[estuary|estuaries]], an lochs, ponds, an glaciers lairger nor 1 km<sup>2</sup>
}}
'''Morbihan''' ({{IPA-fr|mɔʁbi.ɑ̃}}; {{lang-br|Mor-Bihan}}, {{IPA-br|morˈbiˑãn}}) is a [[depairtments o Fraunce|depairtment]] in [[Brittany (admeenistrative region)|Brittany]], situated in the northwast o Fraunce.

<br> Phoenicia
| common_name       = Phoenicie
| national_motto    = 
| era               = [[Classical antiquity]]
| government_type   = [[Monarchy|Kingship]] ([[Ceety-state]]s)
| year_start        = 1200&nbsp;BC
| date_event1       = 969&nbsp;BC
| event1            = Tyre, unner the reign o Hiram I, becomes the dominant ceety-state
| event2            = Pygmalion foonds [[Carthage]] (legendary)
| date_event2       = 814&nbsp;BC
| event_end         = [[Cyrus the Great]] conquers Phoenicie
| year_end          = 539&nbsp;BC
| p1                = Canaanites
| s1                = Achaemenid Phoenicie
| flag_s1           = Achaemenid Empire.jpg
| s2                = Auncient Carthage
| flag_s2           = 
| image_map         = PhoenicianTrade.png
| image_map_caption = Cairt o Phoenicia an trade routes
| capital           = {{unbulleted list
  | [[Byblos]] {{nowrap|<small>(1200&nbsp;BC–1000&nbsp;BC)</small>}}
  | [[Tyre, Lebanon|Tyre]] {{nowrap|<small>(1000&nbsp;BC–333&nbsp;BC)</small>}}
  }}
|coordinates={{coord|34 |07 | N|35 | 39 | E|display=t}}
| common_languages  = [[Phoenician leid|Phoenician]], [[Punic leid|Punic]]
| religion          = [[Canaanite releegion]]
| leader1           = [[Ahiram]]
| year_leader1      = c. 1000&nbsp;BC
| leader2           = [[Hiram I]]
| year_leader2      = 969&nbsp;BC&nbsp;– 936&nbsp;BC
| leader3           = [[Pygmalion o Tyre]]
| year_leader3      = 820&nbsp;BC&nbsp;– 774&nbsp;BC
| title_leader      = Well-known keengs o Phoenician ceeties
| stat_area1        =
| stat_year2        =
| stat_area2        =
| stat_year3        =
| stat_area3        =
| stat_year4        =
| stat_area4        =
| stat_year1        = 1200&nbsp;BC<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bartleby.com/67/109.html|title=Phoenicia|quote=The Rise of Sidon|year=2001|work=The Encyclopedia of World History, Sixth edition|publisher=Houghton Mifflin Company|page=1|accessdate=2008-12-11|archive-date=2008-06-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080628215037/http://www.bartleby.com/67/109.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| stat_pop1         = 200,000
| today             = {{unbulleted list
 | {{flag|Lebanon}}
 | {{Flag|Cyprus}}
 | {{Flag|Turkey}}
 | {{flag|Palestine}}
 | {{flag|Israel}}
 | {{flag|Syria}}
 | {{flag|Tunisia}}
 | {{flag|Malta}}
 | {{flag|Morocco}}

{{refn|group=n|In a 1267 statement frae ''Opus tertium'', Bacon claimed that it wis fowerty years syne he haed learned the alphabet an that for aw but twa o thir he haed been “in studio.” Assumin that Bacon stairtit his eddication at age seiven or aicht, Crowley estimatit his birthdate tae be 1219 or 1220.<ref>{{cite book|title=Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography|date=2008|publisher=Charles Scribner's Sons|url=http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Roger_Bacon.aspx}}</ref>}}
| birth_place      = near [[Ilchester]], Somerset, Ingland
| death_date       = {{circa|lk=no|1292}}{{sfnp|''EB''|1878|p=220}}{{sfnp|''ODNB''|2004}}
| death_place      = near [[Oxford]], Oxfordshire, Ingland
| alma_mater       = [[Varsity o Oxford]]
| other_names      = ''{{lang|la|Doctor Mirabilis}}''
| occupation       = Freer, scholar
| organization     = Order o Freers Minor
| nationality      = Inglis
| religion         = [[Roman Catholicism|Roman Catholic]]
}}
'''Roger Bacon''' {{post-nominals|list=[[Order o Freers Minor|OFM]]}} ({{lang-la|Rogerus}} or ''{{lang|la|Rogerius Bacon}}'', an aa ''{{wikt-lang|la|frater|Frater}} Rogerus''; {{circa|lk=no|1219/20|1292}}), an aa kent bi the [[scholastic accolade]] '''''Doctor {{wikt-lang|la|mirabilis|Mirabilis}}''''', wis an [[Kinrick o Ingland|Inglis]] [[history o filosofie|filosofer]] an [[Franciscan]] [[freer]] wha placed conseederable emphasis on the study o [[naitur]] throu [[empiricism|empirical methods]].

{{Taxobox
| image = Flickr - Rainbirder - EurasianTeal in flight (cropped).jpg 
| image_width =
| image_caption = Male in flicht
| status = LC
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| status_ref = <ref name=IUCN>{{IUCN|id=22729717 |title=''Anas crecca'' |assessors=[[BirdLife International]] |version=2013.2 |year=2012 |accessdate=26 November 2013}}</ref>
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| phylum = [[Chordata]]
| classis = [[Aves]]
| superordo = [[Galloanserae]]
| ordo = [[Anseriformes]]
| familia = [[Anatidae]]
| subfamilia = [[Anatinae]]
| genus = ''[[Anas]]''
| species = '''''A. crecca'''''
| binomial = ''Anas crecca''
| binomial_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], 1758
| range_map = Anas crecca distribution map.png
| range_map_width =
| range_map_caption = Global range.<br/>Bricht green: simmer anly<br/>Dark green: aw year<br/>Blue: winter anly
| synonyms =
''Anas crecca crecca'' <small>Linnaeus, 1758</small><br />
''Anas crecca nimia'' <small>[[Herbert Friedmann|Friedmann]], 1948</small>
}}

| birth_place      = [[Vienna]], [[Cisleithania]], [[Austrick-Hungary]]
| death_date       = {{death date and age|df=yes|1992|03|23|1899|05|08}}
| death_place      = [[Freiburg im Breisgau]], [[Baden-Württemberg]], [[Germany]]
| nationality      = {{hlist |Austrick |Breetish}}
| institution      = {{ublist|class=nowrap |1962–68&nbsp; [[Varsity o Freiburg]] |1950–62&nbsp; [[University of Chicago]] |1931–50&nbsp; [[London School of Economics|LSE]]}}
| field            = {{hlist |[[Economics]] |[[Poleetical science]] |[[Law]] |[[Philosophy]] |[[Psychology]]}}
| alma_mater       = {{longitem|[[Varsity o Vienna]]<br />{{smaller|([[Dr. jur.]], 1921, [[Dr. rer. pol]], 1923)}}}}
| influences       = {{hlist |[[John Dalberg-Acton, 1st Baron Acton|Acton]] |[[Eugen von Böhm-Bawerk|Böhm-Bawerk]] |[[Edmund Burke|Burke]] |[[Walter Eucken|Eucken]] |[[Adam Ferguson|Ferguson]] |[[Frank Fetter|Fetter]] |[[David Hume|Hume]] |[[John Locke|Locke]] |[[Ernst Mach|E.&nbsp;Mach]] |[[Bernard Mandeville|Mandeville]] |[[Carl Menger|Menger]] |[[John Stuart Mill|Mill]] |[[Ludwig von Mises|Mises]] |[[Karl Popper|Popper]] |[[Algernon Sidney|Sidney]] |[[Adam Smith|A. Smith]] |[[Othmar Spann|Spann]] |[[Alexis de Tocqueville|Tocqueville]] |[[Josiah Tucker|Tucker]] | [[Knut Wicksell|Wicksell]] |[[Friedrich von Wieser|Wieser]] |[[Ludwig Wittgenstein|Wittgenstein]]}}
| influenced       = {{hlist |[[Ronald Coase|Coase]] |[[Ludwig Erhard|Erhard]] |[[David D. Friedman|D. Friedman]] |[[Milton Friedman|M. Friedman]] |[[Henry Hazlitt|H. Hazlitt]] |[[John Hicks|Hicks]] |[[Arthur Laffer|Laffer]] |[[Abba P. Lerner|Lerner]] |[[Elinor Ostrom|Ostrom]] |[[Karl Popper|Popper]] |[[Murray Rothbard|Rothbard]] |[[George Selgin|Selgin]] |[[Vernon L. Smith|V. Smith]] |[[Thomas Sowell|Sowell]] |[[George Stigler|Stigler]] |[[Richard Timberlake|Timberlake]] |[[Lawrence H. White|White]] |[[Walter E. Williams|Williams]] |[[Atilla Yayla|Yayla]] |[[Leland B. Yeager|Yeager]]  |[[Ha-Joon Chang|Chang]]}}
| contributions    = {{ublist |[[Economic calculation problem]] |[[Catallactics|Catallaxy]] |[[Dispersed knawledge]] |[[Price signal]] |[[Spontaneous order]] |[[Hebbian theory|Hayek–Hebb model]]}}
| awards = {{ublist|item_style=line-height:1.2em;padding:0.2em 0; |1974&nbsp; [[Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences]] |1984&nbsp; [[Order o the Companions o Honour|CH]] |1991&nbsp; [[Presidential Medal o Freedom]]}}
| signature        = Friedrich von Hayek signature.gif
| repec_prefix     = e
| repec_id         = pvo8
}}
'''Friedrich Hayek''' [[Order o the Companions o Honour|CH]] ({{IPA-de|ˈfʁiːdʁɪç ˈaʊ̯ɡʊst ˈhaɪ̯ɛk|lang}}; 8 Mey 1899{{spaced ndash}}23 March 1992), born in [[Austrick-Hungary]] as '''Friedrich August von Hayek''' and frequently referred tae as '''F. A. Hayek''', wis an [[Austricks|Austrick]] an [[Unitit Kinrick|Breetish]] economist an philosopher best kent for his defence o [[clessical leeberalism]].

A '''Dilly-Castle''' is a wee structur made o saund for ordinar bi bairns upo the strand, yet whiles biggit bi growen-ups. Feckly, fowk bigs dilly-castles for divert, but thare is competeetions an aw.
{{Commonscat|Sand sculptures}}

'''Marble''' or '''merble''' or '''marrabale''' or '''marbae''' or '''marval''' or '''marvel''' is a non-foliate [[metamorphic rock]] componed o recrystallised carbonate minerals, maist commonly [[calcite]] or [[dolomite]]. Geologists uise the term "marble" fur tae refer tae metamorphosed [[limestane]]; housomever, stanemasons uise the term braidly tae encompass unmetamorphosed limestane.<ref>Kearey, Philip (2001). ''Dictionary of Geology'', Penguin Group, London and New York, p. 163. ISBN 978-0-14-051494-0</ref> Marble is commonly uised for [[marble sculptur]]s an as a [[airchitectur|biggin]] material. It can conteen clay minerals, micas, quartz, pyrite, iron oxides an graphite.

UNAIDS|url=http://www.unaids.org/en/resources/presscentre/featurestories/2006/november/20061130redribbonen|website=www.unaids.org|publisher=UNAIDS Secretariat|accessdate=10 September 2017|archive-date=2017-09-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170910221331/http://www.unaids.org/en/resources/presscentre/featurestories/2006/november/20061130redribbonen|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| field           = [[Infectious disease (medical specialty)|Infectious disease]]
| synonyms        = HIV disease, HIV infection<ref name=AIDS2010GOV>{{cite web|title=What Are HIV and AIDS? {{!}} HIV.gov|url=https://www.hiv.gov/hiv-basics/overview/about-hiv-and-aids/what-are-hiv-and-aids|website=www.hiv.gov|publisher=U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS)|accessdate=10 September 2017|language=en}}</ref><ref name=M121>Mandell, Bennett, and Dolan (2010). Chapter 121.</ref><ref name=AETC-staging>{{cite web|title=HIV Classification: CDC and WHO Staging Systems {{!}} AIDS Education and Training Centers National Coordinating Resource Center (AETC NCRC)|url=https://aidsetc.org/guide/hiv-classification-cdc-and-who-staging-systems|website=aidsetc.org|publisher=AIDS Education and Training Center Program|accessdate=10 September 2017|language=en|archive-date=2017-10-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171018065658/https://aidsetc.org/guide/hiv-classification-cdc-and-who-staging-systems|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| symptoms        = '''Early''': flu lik illness<ref name=WHO2015Fact/><br />'''Later''': [[Lairge lymph nodes]], fiver, wecht loss<ref name=WHO2015Fact/>
| complications   = [[Opportunistic infection]]s, [[tumors]]<ref name=WHO2015Fact/>
| onset           = 
| duration        = Lang term<ref name=WHO2015Fact/>
| causes          = [[Human immunodeficiency virus]] (HIV)<ref name=WHO2015Fact/>
| risks           = Exposur tae bluid, breast milk, sex<ref name=WHO2015Fact/>
| diagnosis       = Bluid tests<ref name=WHO2015Fact/>
| differential    = 
| prevention      = [[Sauf sex]], [[needle exchynge]], [[male circumcision]]<ref name=WHO2015Fact/>
| treatment       = [[Antiretroviral therapy]]<ref name=WHO2015Fact/>
| medication      = 
| prognosis       = Near normal life expectancy wi treatment<ref name=CDC21015Bas/><ref name=UN2012Vac/>
| frequency       = 1.8 million new cases (2016)<ref name=UN2017/><br/>36.7 million living with HIV (2016)<ref name=UN2017>{{cite web|title=Global summary of the AIDS epidemic 2016|url=http://www.unaids.org/sites/default/files/media_asset/UNAIDS_2017_core-epidemiology-slides_en.pdf|website=UNAIDS|publisher=UNAIDS|accessdate=10 September 2017|date=June 2017|archive-date=2017-10-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171031070806/http://www.unaids.org/sites/default/files/media_asset/UNAIDS_2017_core-epidemiology-slides_en.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| deaths          = 1.0 million (2016)<ref name=UN2017/>
}}
<!--Defineetion an symptoms -->
'''Human immunodeficiency virus infection an acquired immune deficiency syndrome''' ('''HIV/AIDS''') is a spectrum o condeetions caused bi [[infection]] wi the [[HIV|human immunodeficiency virus]] (HIV).<ref name="pmid11396444">{{Cite journal|author=Sepkowitz KA|title=AIDS—the first 20 years|journal=N. Engl. J. Med.|volume=344|issue=23|pages=1764–72|date=June 2001|pmid=11396444|doi=10.1056/NEJM200106073442306}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=editors|first1=Alexander Krämer, Mirjam Kretzschmar, Klaus Krickeberg,|title=Modern infectious disease epidemiology concepts, methods, mathematical models, and public health|date=2010|publisher=Springer|location=New York|isbn=9780387938356|page=88|edition=Online-Ausg.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Di0_5x82HykC&pg=PA88|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924081609/https://books.google.com/books?id=Di0_5x82HykC&pg=PA88|archivedate=September 24, 2015|df=mdy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author1=Wilhelm Kirch|title=Encyclopedia of public health|date=2008|publisher=Springer|location=New York|isbn=9781402056130|pages=676–677|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eSPK7-CHw7oC&pg=PA676|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150911141720/https://books.google.com/books?id=eSPK7-CHw7oC&pg=PA676|archivedate=September 11, 2015|df=mdy-all}}</ref> Follaein ineetial infection, a person mey nae notice ony symptoms or mey experience a brief period o [[influenza-lik illness]].<ref name=WHO2015Fact/> Teepically, this is follaed bi a prolonged period wi na symptoms.<ref name=CDC21015Bas>{{cite web|title=About HIV/AIDS|url=https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/basics/whatishiv.html|website=CDC|accessdate=11 February 2016|date=December 6, 2015|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160224101946/http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/basics/whatishiv.html|archivedate=February 24, 2016|df=mdy-all}}</ref> As the infection progresses, it interferes mair wi the [[immune seestem]], increasin the risk o common infections lik [[tuberculosis]], as well as ither [[opportunistic infection]]s, an [[tumors]] that rarely affect fowk that hae wirkin immune seestems.<ref name=WHO2015Fact/> Thir late symptoms o infection are referred tae as acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).<ref name=CDC21015Bas/> This stage is eften an aa associatit wi [[wecht loss]].<ref name=CDC21015Bas/>

'''Ahura Mazda''' is the [[Avestan leid|Avestan]] name for the creautor an sole [[God]] o [[Zoroastrianism]], the auld [[Greater Iran|Iranian]] releegion which spread across Asie predatin Christianity.

haed the slogan emblazoned on the ribbons in 15 leids spoken in the [[Republics o the Soviet Union|republics]].]] 
The [[poleetical slogan]] "'''Wirkers o the world, unite!'''" ({{lang-de|Proletarier aller Länder vereinigt Euch!}}, leeterally "''[[Proletariat|Proletarians]] o aw kintras, unite!''") is ane o the maist famous rallyin cries o [[communism]], foond in ''[[The Communist Manifesto]]'' (1848), bi [[Karl Marx]] an [[Friedrich Engels]]. A variation ("Wirkers o aw lands, unite") is an aa inscribit on Marx's tombstane.

'''Abenomask''' is a Japanese political wird namit after [[Shinzo Abe]]. It is usit i [[Japan]] for twa meanings:<ref>{{Cite news |title=Japan's Coronavirus Mask Handout Tainted by Gripes Over Mould, Stains, Insects |newspaper=The [[New York Times]] |date=2020-04-22 |language=en |url=https://www.nytimes.com/reuters/2020/04/22/world/asia/22reuters-health-coronavirus-japan-masks.html |accessdate=2020-04-23 |archive-date=2020-04-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200424160907/https://www.nytimes.com/reuters/2020/04/22/world/asia/22reuters-health-coronavirus-japan-masks.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Abe faces calls for decisive action after 'Abenomask' blunder |newspaper=nikkei asia reviews |date=2020-04-03|language=en |url=https://asia.nikkei.com/Spotlight/Coronavirus/Abe-faces-calls-for-decisive-action-after-Abenomask-blunder|accessdate=2020-04-23}}</ref><ref>[https://www.wsj.com/articles/japans-abe-taken-to-task-over-itsy-bitsy-masks-11587469588 Japan’s Abe Taken to Task Over Itsy-Bitsy Masks] (''The Wall Street Journal'', 2020.4.21); [https://www.cnn.com/2020/04/02/asia/japan-coronavirus-shinzo-abe-masks-hnk-intl/index.html Anger as Japanese Prime Minister offers two cloth masks per family while refusing to declare coronavirus emergency] ([[CNN]], 2020.4.2); [https://www.scmp.com/news/asia/east-asia/article/3078113/coronavirus-japan-pm-gets-social-media-roasting-offering-free Coronavirus: Japan PM gets social media roasting for offering free cloth masks] (''South China Morning Post'', 2020.4.2); [https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-japan-masks/two-masks-no-lockdown-japan-pms-latest-coronavirus-step-riles-social-media-idUSKBN21K0CQ Two masks, no lockdown: Japan PM's latest coronavirus step riles social media] ([[Reuters]], 2020.4.2)</ref><ref>[https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-04-02/from-abenomics-to-abenomask-japan-mask-plan-meets-with-derision From Abenomics to Abenomask: Japan Mask Plan Meets With Derision] (Bloomberg, 2020.4.2); [https://www.france24.com/en/20200417-you-ve-got-mail-abenomask-distribution-starts-in-japan You've got mail: 'Abenomask' distribution starts in Japan] (France 24, 2020.4.17); [https://www.foxnews.com/world/coronavirus-japan-abenomask-april-fools-joke-outbreak-mask-per-home Coronavirus measure in Japan of 2 masks per home taken as April Fool's joke, mocked as 'Abenomask'] ([[Fox News]], 2020.4.2)</ref>

| birth_place = [[Leonberg]], [[Duchy o Württemberg|Württemberg]], [[Haly Roman Empire]]
| death_date  = {{death date and age|1854|8|20|1775|1|27|df=y}}
| death_place = [[Bad Ragaz]], [[Swiss Confederation|Swisserland]]
| alma_mater       = [[Tübinger Stift]], [[Varsity o Tübingen]]<br>(1790–1795; MA 1792; PhD, 1795)<br>[[Leipzig Varsity]]<br>(1797; na degree)
| institutions     = [[Varsity o Jena]]<br>[[Varsity o Würzburg]]<br>[[Varsity o Erlangen-Nuremberg|Varsity o Erlangen]]<br>[[Ludwig Maximilian Varsity o Munich|Varsity o Munich]]<br>[[Humboldt Varsity o Berlin|Varsity o Berlin]]
| school_tradition = [[German idealism]]<br>[[Post-Kantian]] [[transcendental idealism]]<ref>Nectarios G. Limnatis, ''German Idealism and the Problem of Knowledge: Kant, Fichte, Schelling, and Hegel'', Springer, 2008, pp. 166, 177.</ref><br>[[Objective idealism]] <small>(after 1800)</small><ref>[[Frederick Beiser]], ''German Idealism: The Struggle Against Subjectivism, 1781-1801'', Harvard University Press, 2002, p. 470.</ref><br>[[Jena Romanticism]]<br>[[Romanticism in science]]<br>''[[Naturphilosophie]]''
| main_interests   = ''[[Naturphilosophie]]'', [[naitural science]], [[aesthetics]], [[metapheesics]], [[epistemology]], [[filosofie o releegion]]
| influences       = [[Plato]], [[Jakob Böhme|Böhme]], [[Baruch Spinoza|Spinoza]], [[Gottfried Leibniz|Leibniz]], [[Immanuel Kant|Kant]], [[Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi|Jacobi]], [[Johann Gottfried Herder|Herder]], [[Johann Wolfgang von Goethe|Goethe]], [[Friedrich Hölderlin|Hölderlin]], [[Johann Gottlieb Fichte|Fichte]], [[Carl Friedrich Kielmeyer|Kielmeyer]]
| influenced       = [[Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel|Hegel]], [[Samuel Taylor Coleridge|Coleridge]], [[Friedrich Ast|Ast]], [[Søren Kierkegaard|Kierkegaard]], [[Carl Jung|Jung]], [[Martin Heidegger|Heidegger]], [[Paul Tillich|Tillich]], [[Charles Sanders Peirce|Peirce]], [[Johann Wolfgang von Goethe|Goethe]], [[Emil Fackenheim|Fackenheim]], [[Slavoj Žižek|Žižek]], [[Charles Secrétan|Secrétan]], [[Isaac Bernays|I. Bernays]],<ref>Joseph B. Maier, Judith Marcus, and Zoltán Tarrp (ed.), [https://books.google.com/books?id=rvj7dbbQtwsC&dq= ''German Jewry: Its History and Sociology: Selected Essays by Werner J. Cahnman''], Transaction Publishers, 1989, p. 212.</ref> [[Karl Christian Friedrich Krause|Krause]], [[Félix Ravaisson|Ravaisson]], [[Victor Cousin|Cousin]], [[Iain Hamilton Grant|Grant]], [[Alexandru Hâjdeu|Hâjdeu]], [[Gilles Deleuze|Deleuze]], [[Nees von Esenbeck|Esenbeck]],<ref name=RJR>Robert J. Richards, ''The Romantic Conception of Life: Science and Philosophy in the Age of Goethe'', University of Chicago Press,, 2002, p. 129.</ref> [[Carl Gustav Carus|Carus]],<ref name=RJR/> [[Karl Wilhelm Ferdinand Solger|Solger]]
| notable_ideas    = Seestem o ''[[Naturphilosophie]]'', ''[[:de:Identitätsphilosophie|Identitätsphilosophie]]'' (filosofie o [[Identity (filosofie)|identity]]), ''[[:de:Positive Philosophie|positive Philosophie]]'' (positive filosofie), airt as "the eternal organ an document o filosofie" whase basic chairacter is an "unconscious infinity,"<ref>[http://www.iep.utm.edu/schellin/ ''Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph von Schelling''] by Saitya Brata Das in [[Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy]], 2011.</ref> ''[[:de:Schellings System der Chemie|System der Chemie]]'' (seestem o chemistry), makkin the term "[[absolute idealism]]"<ref>The term ''{{lang|de|absoluter Idealismus}}'' occurs for the first time in Schelling's ''Ideen zu einer Philosophie der Natur als Einleitung in das Studium dieser Wissenschaft'' (''Ideas for a Filosofie o Naitur: as Introduction tae the Study o this Science''), Vol. 1, P. Krüll, 1803 [1797], p. 80.</ref>
}}
'''Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling''' ({{IPA-de|ˈʃɛlɪŋ|lang}}; 27 Januar 1775 – 20 August 1854), later (efter 1812) '''[[von]] Schelling''', wis a [[German filosofie|German filosofer]]. Staundart histories o filosofie mak him the midpynt in the development o [[German idealism]], situatin him atween [[Johann Gottlieb Fichte]], his mentor in his early years, an [[Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel]], his umwhile varsity ruimmate, early friend, an later rival. Interpretin Schelling's filosofie is regairdit as difficult acause o its apparently ever-chyngin naitur.

{{Automatic Taxobox
| name = Scoskie
| fossil_range = {{Fossil range|Ordovician|Recent}}
| image = Fromia monilis (Seastar).jpg
| image_caption = ''[[Fromia monilis]]''
| image_width = 250px
| taxon = Asteroidea
| authority = [[Henri Marie Ducrotay de Blainville|De Blainville]], 1830
| subdivision_ranks = Bairn taxa an [[Order (biology)|orders]]
| subdivision =
*Infraclass [[Concentricycloidea]]
**[[Xyloplax|Peripodida]]
*Superorder [[Forcipulatacea]]
**[[Brisingida]]
**[[Forcipulatida]]
*Superorder [[Spinulosacea]]
**[[Spinulosida]]
*Superorder [[Valvatacea]]
**[[Notomyotida]]
**[[Paxillosida]]
**[[Valvatida]]
*[[Velatida]]<ref name="Asterozoa">{{cite web |url=http://palaeo.gly.bris.ac.uk/Palaeofiles/Fossilgroups/asteroz2/index_f/mod_fm.html |date=22 November 2005 |title=Fossil Groups: Modern forms: Asteroids: Extant Orders of the Asteroidea |publisher=University of Bristol |last=Sweet |first=Elizabeth |accessdate=2016-05-31 |archive-date=2007-07-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070714073619/http://palaeo.gly.bris.ac.uk/Palaeofiles/Fossilgroups/asteroz2/index_f/mod_fm.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>
† [[Calliasterellidae]] <br>
† [[Trichasteropsida]]<ref name=Knott>{{cite web | url=http://tolweb.org/Asteroidea | title=Asteroidea. Sea stars and starfishes | publisher=''Tree of Life web project'' | date=7 October 2004 | accessdate=2013-05-10 | author=Knott, Emily | archive-date=2020-04-25 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200425192841/http://tolweb.org/Asteroidea | url-status=dead }}</ref>
}}
'''Scoskies''' (Asteroidea) is a class o ainimals that is pairt o the Echinodermata phylum. Scoskie growens hae five pynts; airms tae thaim an bide in the watter.

| label_position           = top
| static_image=
| population = 33,840
| population_ref = <ref name="Aldershot">{{cite web |url=http://www.rushmoor.gov.uk/index.cfm?articleid=3983 |title=The Population of Aldershot and Farnborough |accessdate=2008-12-07 |last= |first= |date= |work= |publisher=[[Rushmoor Borough Council]] |archive-date=2012-09-02 |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6ANwic369?url=http://www.rushmoor.gov.uk/4441 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| shire_district           = [[Rushmoor]]
| shire_county             = [[Hampshire]]
| region                   = Sooth East Ingland
| constituency_westminster = [[Aldershot (UK Pairlament constituency)|Aldershot]]
| post_town                = ALDERSHOT
| postcode_district        = GU11
| postcode_area            = GU
| dial_code                = 01252
| os_grid_reference        = SU865505
| london_distance          = {{convert|42.4|mi|km}}
}}
'''Aldershot''' is a toun in the Inglis [[coonty]] o [[Hampshire]], locatit on heathland aboot {{convert|60|km|mi|abbr=on}} soothwast o Lunnon. The toun is administert bi [[Rushmoor]] Burgh Cooncil. The toun haes a population o 33,840,<ref name="Aldershot" /> while the [[Aldershot Urban Area]], a loose conurbation (that includes ither touns, sic as [[Camberley]], [[Farnborough, Hampshire|Farnborough]], an [[Farnham]] an aw) haes a population o 243,344, makkin it the thirtiet-maistmuckle urban area in the Unitit Kinrick.<ref>{{cite web|title=Great Britain and Northern Ireland|url=http://www.citypopulation.de/UK-UA.html|publisher=City Population|accessdate=7 July 2012}}</ref> 

'''Tectonics''' (frae the [[Late Laitin]] ''[[wikt:tectonicus|tectonicus]]'' fae the [[Auncient Greek|Greek]] τεκτονικός, "pertaining to [[biggin]]")<ref>[http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=tectonic "tectonic"]. ''[[Online Etymology Dictionary]]''</ref> is concerned wi the processes which control the structur an properties o the Yird's crust, an its evolution throu time.

|image_flag = Flag of France (1794–1815, 1830–1974, 2020–present).svg
|image_coat = Armoiries république française.svg
|symbol_type = Naitional emblem
|national_motto = {{lang|fr|"[[Liberté, égalité, fraternité]]"}}
|national_anthem="[[La Marseillaise]]" <div style="padding-top:0.4em;"></div>
|image_map = File:France in the World (+Antarctica claims).svg
|map_caption = Territory o the French Republic (reid)<br>Claimed territory ([[Adélie Laund]]; hatched)
|image_map2 = EU-France.svg
|map_caption2 = {{map caption |location_color=dark green |country=[[metropolitan Fraunce]]|region=Europe |region_color=dark grey |subregion=the European Union |subregion_color=green}}
|capital = [[Paris]]
|coordinates = {{Coord|48|51.4|N|2|21.05|E|type:city}}
|largest_city = caipital
|languages_type = Offeecial leid<br />{{nobold|an naitional leid}}
|languages = [[French leid|French]]{{efn-ur|name=one|For information aboot regional leids see [[Leids o Fraunce]].}}
|ethnic_groups = {{ublist |89.4% [[French fowk|French]] |4.4% French (bi acquiseetion) |6.2% Foreigners |8.9% Immigrants<ref>[http://www.insee.fr/fr/themes/tableau.asp?reg_id=0&ref_id=NATTEF02131 Part des populations étrangères et immigrées en 2013]</ref> }} 
|demonym = French 
|government_type = [[Unitary state|Unitary]] [[Semi-presidential seestem|semi&#8209;presidential]] [[republic]]
|leader_title1 = [[Preses o Fraunce|Preses]]
|leader_name1 = [[Emmanuel Macron]]
|leader_title2 = [[Prime Meenister o Fraunce|Prime Meenister]]
|leader_name2 = [[Gabriel Attal]]
|leader_title3 = [[Leet o Preses o the Senate o Fraunce|Preses o the Senate]]
|leader_name3 = [[Gérard Larcher]]
|leader_title4 = [[Leet o Preses o the Naitional Assembly o Fraunce|Preses o the Naitional Assembly]]
|leader_name4 = [[Yaël Braun-Pivet]]
|legislature = [[French Pairlament|Pairlament]]
|upper_house = [[Senate (Fraunce)|Senate]]
|lower_house = [[Naitional Assembly (Fraunce)|Naitional Assembly]]
|sovereignty_type = [[History o Fraunce|Establishment]]
|established_event1 = [[Francia]] unified
|established_date1 = 486
|established_event2 = [[Treaty o Verdun]]<wbr/>{{efn-ur|Established the [[Wast Francie|Kinrick o the Wast Franks]] (the [[Kinrick o Fraunce]]) frae the [[Carolingian Empire]] o Francie.}}
|established_date2 = August 843
|established_event3 = [[Proclamation o the aboleetion o the monarchy|Republic established]]
|established_date3 = 22 September 1792
|established_event4 = [[Enlargement o the European Union#Foondin members|Founded]] the [[European Economic Community|EEC]]<wbr/>{{efn-ur|[[European Union]] syne 1993.}}
|established_date4 = 1 Januar 1958
|established_event5 = [[Constitution o Fraunce|Current constitution]]<wbr/>{{efn-ur|Established the [[French Fift Republic|Fift Republic]]}}
|established_date5 = 4 October 1958
|area_km2 = 643801
|area_footnote = {{efn-ur|name=two|Includin aw the [[owerseas depairtment]]s.}}<ref name=areafactbook>{{cite web|title=The World Factbook&nbsp;– Field Listing&nbsp;– Area|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2147.html|website=CIA.gov|publisher=Central Intelligence Agency|accessdate=1 November 2015|archive-date=2014-01-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140131115000/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2147.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|area_rank = 41st
|area_sq_mi = 248600
|area_label2 = [[Metropolitan&nbsp;Fraunce]] ([[Institut géographique national|IGN]])
|area_data2 = 551,695&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>{{efn-ur|name=three|French [[Institut Géographique National|Naitional Geografic Institute]] data, whilk includes bouks o watter.}} ([[Leet o kintras an dependencies bi aurie|50t]])<br />213,010 sq mi
|area_label3 = [[Metropolitan&nbsp;Fraunce]] ([[Cadastre]])
|area_data3 = 543,940.9&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>{{efn-ur|name=four|French [[Laund registration|Laund Register]] data, whilk exclude lochs, ponds an [[glacier]]s lairger nor 1&nbsp;km² (0.386&nbsp;sq&nbsp;mi or 247&nbsp;acres) as weel as the estuaries o rivers.}}<ref>{{cite journal|url=http://www.insee.fr/fr/themes/comparateur.asp?codgeo=METRODOM-1|title=France Métropolitaine|publisher=INSEE|year=2011}}</ref> ([[Leet o kintras an dependencies bi aurie|50t]])<br />210,026 sq mi
|population_estimate = 66,991,000<ref name="insee.fr">https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/1912926</ref>
|population_estimate_year = Tot 2017&#8203;
|population_estimate_rank = 20t
|population_label2 = [[Metropolitan&nbsp;Fraunce]] Januar 2017 estimate
|population_data2 = 64,859,000<ref name="insee.fr" /> ([[Leet o kintras an dependencies bi population|22nt]])
|population_density_km2 = 116
|population_density_sq_mi = 301
|pop_den_footnote = {{efn-ur|name=five|[[Metropolitan Fraunce]] anly. The [[population density]] for the whole territory o the French Republic (includin aw owerseas départements) is {{pop density|66627602|643801|km2|sqmi}}.}}
|population_density_rank = 89t
|GDP_PPP = $2.647 trillion<!--NOTE: Do no update with 2016 "IMF staff estimates", wait until actual data is published-->
|GDP_PPP_year = 2015
|GDP_PPP_rank = 10t
|GDP_PPP_per_capita = $41,181<ref name="imfFrance"/>
|GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 24t
|GDP_nominal = $2.422 trillion
|GDP_nominal_year = 2015
|GDP_nominal_rank = 6t
|GDP_nominal_per_capita = $37,675<ref name="imfFrance">{{cite web |url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2016/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=53&pr.y=8&sy=2014&ey=2015&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=132&s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a= |title=France, World Economic Outlook Database, April 2016 |publisher=International Monetary Fund |accessdate= 9 May 2016 }}</ref>
|GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 20t
|Gini = 30.1 <!--number only-->
|Gini_year = 2013
|Gini_change = <!--increase/decrease/steady-->
|Gini_ref = <ref name="CIA">{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2172.html |title=CIA World Factbook |publisher=CIA |date= |accessdate=16 April 2013 |archive-date=2007-06-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070613005439/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2172.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|Gini_rank =
|HDI = 0.897 <!--number only-->
|HDI_year = 2015<!-- Please uise the year tae whilk the data refers, nae the publicàtion year-->
|HDI_change = increase <!--increase/decrease/steady-->
|HDI_ref = <ref name="HDI">{{cite web |url=http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/2016_human_development_report.pdf |title=2016 Human Development Report |year=2016 |accessdate=23 March 2017 |publisher=United Nations Development Programme}}</ref>
|HDI_rank = 21st
|currency = {{unbulleted list
|[[Euro]] ([[ISO 4217|EUR]])<wbr/>{{efn-ur|name=six|Whole o the French Republic except the owerseas territories in the Paceefic Ocean.}}
|[[CFP franc]] (XPF)<wbr/>{{efn-ur|name=seven|French owerseas territories in the Pacific Ocean anerly.}}
}}
|time_zone = CET{{efn-ur|name=eight|CET applies tae [[Metropolitan Fraunce]] anly. [[Time zone]]s athort the French Republic span frae UTC-10 ([[French Polynesie|PF]]) tae UTC+12 ([[Wallis an Futuna|WF]]).}}
|utc_offset = +1
|utc_offset_DST = +2
|time_zone_DST = CEST{{efn-ur|name=nine|CEST applies tae Metropolitan Fraunce anly. Nae aw overseas territories observe [[Daylicht savin time|Daylicht Savin Time]].}}
|date_format = dd/mm/yyyy
|drives_on = right
|calling_code = [[Telephone nummers in Fraunce|+33]]{{efn-ur|name=eleven|The owerseas regions an collectivities form pairt o the [[French telephone nummerin plan]], but hae thair awn kintra cawin codes: [[Guadeloupe]] +590; [[Martinique]] +596; [[French Guiana]] +594, [[Réunion]] an [[Mayotte]] +262; [[Saunt Pierre an Miquelon]] +508. The owerseas territories are nae pairt o the French telephone nummerin plan; thair kintra cawin codes are: [[New Caledon]] +687, [[French Polynesie]] +689; [[Wallis an Futuna]] +681.}}
|cctld = [[.fr]]{{efn-ur|name=ten|In addeetion tae [[.fr]], several ither Internet TLDs are uised in French owerseas ''départements'' an territories: [[.re]], [[.mq]], [[.gp]], [[.tf]], [[.nc]], [[.pf]], [[.wf]], [[.pm]], [[.gf]] an [[.yt]]. Fraunce an aa uises [[.eu]], shared wi ither members o the European Union. The [[.cat]] domain is uised in [[Catalan Kintras|Catalan-speakin territories]].}}
|englishmotto="Liberty, Equality, Fraternity"
|religion = {{ublist |item_style=white-space:nowrap; |63-66% [[Christian]] |7-9% [[Muslim]] |0.5-0.75% [[Buddhist]] |0.5-0.75% [[Jewish]] |0.5-1.0% ither |23-28% [[Irreleegion|none]]<ref name="cia">{{cite web|author1=CIA|authorlink1=CIA|title=The World Factbook: France|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/fr.html|accessdate=19 February 2016|date=2015|archive-date=2018-12-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181224211127/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/fr.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> }} 
}}

{{Automatic taxobox
| name = ''Bos''
| fossil_range = 
| image = CH cow 2 cropped.jpg
| image_caption = [[Kye]], ''Bos taurus''
| taxon = Bos
| authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], [[1758]]
| subdivision_ranks = [[Species]]
| subdivision = 
*''[[Bos gaurus]]''
*''[[Bos javanicus]]''
*''[[Bos mutus]]''
*''[[Bos sauveli]]''
*''[[Bos primigenius]]''
*''[[Bos taurus]]
}}

{{fixscots|date=Mairch 2021}}

|death_place=[[Roum]], [[Papal States]], [[Haly Roman Empire]]
|previous_post={{unbulleted list|[[San Clemente|Cardinal-Priest o San Clemente]] (1073–78)|Legate tae [[Fraunce]] an [[Spain]] (1089–90)}}
|other=Paschal
}}
'''Pape Paschal II''' ({{lang-la|Paschalis II}}; 1050&nbsp;{{abbr|x|sometime between}}&nbsp;1055&nbsp;– 21 Januar 1118), born '''Ranierius''', wis [[Pape]] frae 13 August 1099 tae his daith in 1118.

{{Year dab|1929}}
{{Year nav|1929}}
Year '''1929''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MCMXXIX]]''') wis a [[common year stairtin on Tuesday]] in the [[Gregorian calendar]]. Bi 1 Januar o this year, every state in the entire warld haed adoptit the Gregorian calendar, havin abandoned the [[Julian calendar]].

{{taxobox
|name = Plumbaginaceae
|image = Plumbago europaea.jpg
|image_caption = ''Plumbago europaea''
|regnum = [[Plant]]ae
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Core eudicots]]
|ordo = [[Caryophyllales]]
|familia = '''Plumbaginaceae'''
|familia_authority = [[Antoine Laurent de Jussieu|Juss.]]<ref name=APGIII2009>{{Cite journal |last=Angiosperm Phylogeny Group |year=2009 |title=An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III |journal=Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=161 |issue=2 |pages=105–121 |url=http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1046/j.1095-8339.2003.t01-1-00158.x/pdf | format= PDF |accessdate=2013-07-06 |doi=10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x }}</ref>
|subdivision_ranks = genera
|subdivision = See text
|}}
'''Plumbaginaceae''' is a [[faimily (biology)|faimily]] o [[flouerin plants]], wi a [[cosmopolitan distribution]]. The faimily is whiles referred tae as the leadwort faimily or the plumbago faimily.

</ref> }}
| current     = 2019–20 Heart of Midlothian F.C. saison
| founded     = {{Start date and age|df=yes|1874}}
| owner       = [[Ann Budge]]<ref name="chair">{{cite web | url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/27347133 | title=Ann Budge to start at Tynecastle on Monday | publisher=[[BBC Sport]] | work=bbc.co.uk/sport | date=9 May 2014 | accessdate=9 May 2014}}</ref>
| owntitle    = Chairwoman
| chairman    = [[Craig Levein]]
| chrtitle    = Director o Fitbaa
| ground      = [[Tynecastle Stadium]]<br>[[Gorgie]], [[Edinburgh]]
| capacity    = {{SPFL-stadiums|hearts}}<ref name="capacity">{{cite web |url=http://spfl.co.uk/clubs/hearts/ |title=Heart of Midlothian Football Club |publisher=Scottish Professional Football League |accessdate=30 September 2013 |archive-date=2013-10-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131022121754/http://spfl.co.uk/clubs/hearts/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| manager = [[steven Naismith ]]
| mgrtitle    = 
| league      = {{Scottish football updater|HeartofM}}
| season      = {{Scottish football updater|HeartofM2}}
| position    = {{Scottish football updater|HeartofM3}}
| firstgame   =
| largestwin  =
| worstdefeat = 
| topscorer   = [[John Robertson (fitbawer born 1964)|John Robertson]] (214)
| website     = http://www.heartsfc.co.uk

{{Taxobox
| name = Rose
| image =Yellow Rose Flower.jpg
| image_caption = 
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
| unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
| unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
| unranked_ordo = [[Rosids]]
| ordo = [[Rosales]]
| familia = [[Rosaceae]]
| subfamilia = [[Rosoideae]]
| genus = '''''Rosa'''''
| genus_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]]
| synonyms =
*''Hulthemia'' [[Barthélemy Charles Joseph Dumortier|Dumort.]]
*×''Hulthemosa'' [[Sergei Vasilievich Juzepczuk|Juz.]] (''Hulthemia'' × ''Rosa'')
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision= See [[Leet o Rosa species]]}}
A '''rose''' is a [[genus]] o [[flouer]]s. Thay are for ordinar [[reid]], [[white]] or [[pink]]. It haes [[thorn]]s on its [[stock]]. Roses is aften gien a body as a [[seembol]] o [[lue]]. Thay are members o the [[Faimily (biology)|faimily]] ''[[Rosaceae]]''.

{{fixscots}}
{{Taxobox
| name = Capercaillie
| status = LC
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| status_ref = <ref name=IUCN2016>{{cite iucn|page=e.T22679487A85942729 |title=''Tetrao urogallus'' |date=2016 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22679487A85942729.en}}</ref>
| image = Tetrao urogallus Richard Bartz.jpg
| image_width = 250px
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]]
| classis = [[Aves]]
| ordo = [[Galliformes]]
| familia = [[Phasianidae]]
| subfamilia = [[Tetraoninae]]
| genus = ''[[Tetrao]]''
| species = '''''T. urogallus'''''
| binomial = ''Tetrao urogallus''
| binomial_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], 1758
}}

{{Ionbox
| ImageFile1 = Hydroxide lone pairs-2D.svg
|  ImageSize1 =170px
|  ImageAlt1 =  [[Lewis structur]] o the hydroxide ion shawin three [[lone pair]]s on the oxygen atom
| ImageFileL1 = Hydroxide-3D-vdW.png
|  ImageSizeL1 = 121px
|  ImageAltL1 =  Space-fillin representation o the hydroxide ion
| ImageFileR1 = Hydroxide-3D-balls.png
|  ImageSizeR1 = 121px
|  ImageAltR1 =  [[Baw-an-stick model]] o the nitrate ion
| SystematicName = Hydroxide
| IUPACName =
| OtherNames =
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
|  CASNo =
|  PubChem =
|  SMILES = }}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
|  Formula = {{chem|O|H|-}}
|  MolarMass = 17.008 g mol<sup>-1</sup>
|  Appearance =
|  Solubility = }}
| Section3 = {{Chembox Hazards
|  MainHazards =
|  FlashPt =
|  Autoignition = }}
}}

In spoken [[leids]], a '''phoneme''' is a basic, theoretical unit o soond that disteenguishes wirds (that is, bi chyngin a phoneme in ae 
wird,  the ootcome is anither wird that's meanin differs). The phoneme is a basic soond lith, that's lingueestic function is tae disteenguish 
the  [[morpheme]]s o a wird.  Phonemes isna pheesical soonds, but [[abstraction]]s. Phonemes is for ordinar seen as a faimlie o [[phone]]s, 
that's seen as a single soond, an is pitten ower wi a common seembol. Phones that's phoneme instance variants, an represents the 
phonetic qualities o actual soond lithes, is kent as [[allophones]]. The basic soond unit comes oot throu phonemic analysis. Phonemic 
seembology is pitten atween slashes ('''//'''). A cuttit wey tae descrieve the notion o a phoneme is ''the wee-est differ atween wirds, that's ootcome is an unalike meanin''. 

| birth_place = [[Pyongyang|Mangyŏngdae]], [[Sooth Pyongan|Heian-nandō]], [[Korea unner Japanese rule|Japanese Korea]]
| death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|1994|7|8|1912|4|15}}
| death_place = [[Pyongyang]], [[North Korea|Democratic Fowkrepublic o Korea]]
| resting_place = [[Kumsusan Palace o the Sun]], [[Pyongyang]], [[North Korea|Democratic Fowkrepublic o Korea]]
| nationality = [[North Korean]]
| party = [[Wirkers’ Pairty o Korea]]
| spouse = [[Kim Jong-suk]] (d. 1949)<br />[[Kim Song-ae]]
| relations =
| children = [[Kim Jong-il]]<br /> [[Kim Man-il]]<br /> [[Kim Kyong-hui]]<br /> Kim Kyong-jin<br /> [[Kim Pyong-il]]<br /> Kim Yong-il
| residence = Pyongyang, Democratic Fowkrepublic o Korea
| alma_mater =
| occupation = [[Eternal Preses o the Republic]]
| profession = [[Preses o North Korea]]
| Religion = Atheism
| allegiance   = {{flag|Soviet Union|1922}} <br> {{flagicon|North Korea}} [[North Korea|Democratic Fowkrepublic o Korea]]
| branch       = [[Soviet Airmed Forces]]<br>[[Korean Fowk's Airmy]]
| serviceyears = 1941–1945 <br> 1948–1994
| rank         = [[Dae wonsu]] (Grand Marshal)
| commands     = ''All'' ([[Supreme Commander o the Korean Fowk's Airmy|supreme commander]])
| battles      = [[Warld War II]] <br> [[Korean War]]
| awards       = 
| signature = Kim Il Sung Signature.svg
| website =
| footnotes =
}}

'''Tha Yird''' is tha thrid [[planet]] oot frae tha [[Sun]]. It is tha mukkilest o tha [[solar seestem]]'s fower stanie planets, an tha ae bodie that modren syense kens ti haud lyf. Tha planet cam thegither aboot 4.57 thoosan million yeir syn. Nae lang eftir (4.533 thoosan million yeir syn) it wis jyn'd bi [[the Muin|tha Muin]]. Tha solar seestem is made up o echt planets.

{{Automatic taxobox
| fossil_range = {{fossil range|80|0}}[[Late Cretaceous]] – Recent
| image = Haeckel Orchidae.jpg
| image_caption = Colour plate frae [[Ernst Haeckel]]'s ''{{lang|de|[[Kunstformen der Natur]]}}'', 1906
| taxon = Orchidaceae
| authority = [[Antoine Laurent de Jussieu|Juss.]]<ref name=APGIII2009>{{Cite journal |last=Angiosperm Phylogeny Group |year=2009 |title=An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III |journal=Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=161 |issue=2 |pages=105–121 |url=http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122630309/abstract |archive-url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20170525104318/http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x/abstract |dead-url=yes |archive-date=25 May 2017 |format=PDF |accessdate=26 June 2013 |doi=10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x }} {{Cite web |url=http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x/abstract |title=Archived copy |access-date=2019-07-17 |archive-date=2017-05-25 |archive-url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20170525104318/http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x/abstract |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref>
| type_genus = ''[[Orchis]]''
| type_genus_authority = [[Tourn.]] ''ex'' [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]
| subdivision_ranks = Subfaimilies
| subdivision =
* [[Apostasioideae]] <small>Horaninov</small>
* [[Cypripedioideae]] <small>Kosteletzky</small>
* [[Epidendroideae]] <small>Kosteletzky</small>
* [[Orchidoideae]] <small>Eaton</small>
* [[Vanilloideae]] <small>Szlachetko</small>
| range_map = Orchidaceae.png
| range_map_caption = Distribution range o faimily Orchidaceae
}}
'''Orchidaceae''' is a diverse an widespread  [[faimily (biology)|faimily]] o flouerin plants wi blooms that are eften colourfu an eften fragrant, commonly kent as the '''orchid faimily'''. Alang wi the [[Asteraceae]], thay are ane o the twa lairgest faimilies o flouerin plants, wi atween 21,950 an 26,049 currently acceptit [[species]], foond in 880 [[genus|genera]].<ref name="Stevens">{{cite web |author=P. F. Stevens |date=2001 onwards |title=Angiosperm Phylogeny Website Version 9 |date=June 2008 |url=http://www.mobot.org/mobot/research/apweb/welcome.html |publisher=[[Missouri Botanical Garden]] |accessdate=26 May 2013}}</ref><ref name=WCSP>{{cite web|url=http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/|title=WCSP |work= World Checklist of Selected Plant Families|accessdate=2010}}</ref> Selecting which of the two families is larger is still under debate, as concrete numbers on such enormous families are constantly in flux. Regardless, the nummer o orchid species equals mair nor twice the nummer o [[bird]] species, an aboot fower times the nummer o [[mammal]] species. The faimily an aa encompasses aboot 6–11% o aw [[seed plants]].<ref>{{cite journal |author=Yohan Pillon & Mark W. Chase |year=2007 |title=Taxonomic exaggeration and its effects on orchid conservation |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_conservation-biology_2007-02_21_1/page/263 |journal=[[Conservation Biology (journal)|Conservation Biology]] |volume=21 |issue=1 |pages=263–265 |doi=10.1111/j.1523-1739.2006.00573.x |pmid=17298532}}</ref> The lairgest genera are ''[[Bulbophyllum]]'' (2,000 species), ''[[Epidendrum]]'' (1,500 species), ''[[Dendrobium]]'' (1,400 species) an ''[[Pleurothallis]]'' (1,000 species).

{{Fixscots}}
{{Stub}}

</ref><ref name=Scragg>{{cite book |last1=Scragg |first1=D. G. |title=A History of English Spelling |date=1974 |publisher=Manchester University Press |isbn=978-0-7190-0553-4 |page=6 |url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=oeNRAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA6 |language=en}}</ref>
|dia2=[[Mercian dialect|Mercian]]<ref name=Campbell /><ref name=Scragg />
|dia3=[[Northumbrian dialect|Northumbrian]]<ref name=Campbell /><ref name=Scragg />
|dia4=[[Wast Saxon dialect (Auld Inglis)|Wast Saxon]]<ref name=Campbell /><ref name=Scragg />
|notice=
}}

|birth_place  = [[Venice]], [[Republic o Venice]]
|death_date   = {{death date and age|df=yes|1471|7|26|1417|2|23}}
|death_place  = [[Roum]], [[Papal States]]
|other        = Paul
}}
'''Pape Paul II''' ({{lang-la|Paulus II}}; 23 Februar 1417 – 26 Julie 1471), born '''Pietro Barbo''', wis [[Pape]] frae 30 August 1464 tae his daith in 1471.

</ref>
|population_as_of = 2010
|population_total = 503,127 ([[Leet o urban auries in Malaysie bi population|11t]])
|population_footnotes   =<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.statistics.gov.my/ccount12/click.php?id=2127 |title=Laporan Kiraan Permulaan 2010 |publisher=Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia |page=iii |accessdate=31 January 2011 |archive-date=2010-12-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101227065717/http://www.statistics.gov.my/ccount12/click.php?id=2127 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|population_density_km2 = 689
|population_metro = 771,600<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.statistics.gov.my/portal/download_Population/files/BPD/ad_2010.pdf/ |title=Seremban Urban Area |access-date=2015-09-28 |archive-date=2014-12-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141230142505/http://www.statistics.gov.my/portal/download_Population/files/BPD/ad_2010.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|timezone = [[Malaysian Staundart Time|MST]]
|utc_offset = +8
|timezone_DST = Nae observed
|coordinates            = {{coord|2|12|20.49|N|102|15|22.09|E|region:MY|display=inline,title}}
|footnotes = <!-- <table border="0" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0" style="margin: 0 0 0 0; background: #f9f9f9;">
</table> -->
}}
'''Malacca Ceety''' ({{lang-ms|Bandaraya Melaka}}) is the [[Leet o caipitals in Malaysie|caipital ceety]] o the Malaysian state o [[Malacca]].

instead -->
| settlement_type         = [[Shires o Scotland|Historic coonty]]
| image_skyline           = 
| image_alt               = 
| image_caption           = 
| image_flag              = 
| flag_size               = 150px
| flag_link               = Banner o Ayrshire
| flag_alt                = 
| image_seal              = 
| seal_alt                = 
| image_shield            = 
| shield_alt              = 
| nickname                = 
| motto                   = 
| image_map               = Ayrshire.svg
| map_alt                 = 
| map_caption             = 
| pushpin_map             = 
| pushpin_label_position  = 
| pushpin_map_alt         = 
| pushpin_map_caption     = 
| coor_pinpoint           = 
| coordinates             = 
| coordinates_footnotes   = 
| subdivision_type        = Kintra
| subdivision_name        = [[Scotland]]
| subdivision_type1       = 
| subdivision_name1       = 
| subdivision_type2       = 
| subdivision_name2       = 
| subdivision_type3       = 
| subdivision_name3       = 
| established_title       = 
| established_date        = 
| founder                 = 
| seat_type               = [[Coonty toun]]
| seat                    = [[Ayr]]
| government_footnotes    = 
| leader_party            = 
| leader_title            = 
| leader_name             = 
| unit_pref               = UK<!-- or US or Metric -->
| area_footnotes          = 
| area_total_sq_mi        = 
| area_land_sq_mi         = 
| area_water_sq_mi        = 
| area_total_km2          = 2,924
| area_land_km2           = 
| area_water_km2          = 
| area_water_percent      = 
| area_note               = {{#if: 7t|Ranked 7t o 34}}
| elevation_footnotes     = 
| elevation_m             = 
| population_footnotes    = 
| population_total        = 
| population_as_of        = 
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_demonym      = 
| population_note         = 
| timezone1               = 
| utc_offset1             = 
| timezone1_DST           = 
| utc_offset1_DST         = 
| postal_code_type        = [[Chapman code]]
| postal_code             = AYR
| area_code_type          = 
| area_code               = 
| iso_code                = 
| website                 = <!-- {{URL|example.com}} -->
| footnotes               = 
}}
'''Ayrshire''' (Gaelic: Siorrachd Inbhir Àir) is a region (an umwhile coonty) o soothwast Scotland.

{{fixscots}}, a modren seembol o Sikhism.]] 
'''Sikhism''' is a [[releegion]] at began in Northren [[Indie]] in the [[16t Century]] wi the teachins o a [[Guru]] kent as [[Nanak]], an the nine Gurus at follaed oan fae him.

{{fixscots|date=Januar 2021}}

{{Coord|16|S|167|E|display=title}}
 |{{native name|fr|République de Vanuatu}}}}
|image_flag = Flag of Vanuatu (official).svg
|image_coat = Coat of Arms of Vanuatu.svg
|common_name = Vanuatu
|symbol_type = Coat o airms
|national_motto = {{native phrase|bi|"Long God yumi stanap"|italics=off|nolink=on}}<br/>{{small|"In God we staund"}}{{lower|0.2em|<ref>{{cite web |last1=Vanuatu Daily Post |first1=Harrison Selmen|url=http://www.dailypost.vu/content/santo-chiefs-concerned-over-slow-pace-development-sanma?page=7&quicktabs_1=0 |title=Santo chiefs concerned over slow pace of development in Sanma|date={{date|17 jul 2011}} |accessdate={{date|29 aug 2011}}}}</ref>{{sfn|Lynch|Pat|1993|p=319}}}}
|national_anthem = {{native name|bi|[[Yumi, Yumi, Yumi]]|nolink=on}}<br/>{{small|''We, We, We''}}<br/><center></center>
|image_map = Vanuatu on the globe (Polynesia centered).svg
|capital = [[Port Vila]]
|largest_city = Port Vila
|official_languages = {{unbulleted list |[[Bislama leid|Bislama]] |[[French leid|French]]|[[Inglis leid|Inglis]]}}
|ethnic_groups = {{unbulleted list |98.5% [[Ni-Vanuatu]] |1.5% others}}
|ethnic_groups_year = 1999
|demonym = Ni-Vanuatu
|government_type = {{nowrap|[[Unitar state|Unitar]] [[Pairlamentar republic|pairlamentar]]}} [[republic]]
|leader_title1 = [[Preses o Vanuatu|Preses]]
|leader_name1 = [[Tallis Obed Moses]]
|leader_title2 = [[Prime Meenister o Vanuatu|Prime Meenister]]
|leader_name2 = [[Bob Loughman]]
|legislature = [[Pairlament o Vanuatu|Parliament]]
|established_event1 = frae [[Fraunce]] an the [[Unitit Kinrick]]
|sovereignty_type = Unthirldom
|established_date1 = 30 Julie 1980
|area_km2 = 12,189
|area_rank = 157th <!-- Area rank should match [[List of countries and dependencies by area]] -->
|area_sq_mi = {{convert|12190|km2|sqmi|disp=output number only}}
|population_estimate = {{UN_Population|Vanuatu}}{{UN_Population|ref}}
|population_census = 272,459<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://vnso.gov.vu/index.php/component/advlisting/?view=download&fileId=4542|title=2016 Post-TC Pam Mini-Census Report|date=7-21-2017|website=vnso.gov.vu|publisher=Government of Vanuatu|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=12-29-2017}}{{Dead link|date=January 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
|population_estimate_year = {{UN_Population|Year}}
|population_estimate_rank = <!-- 178th -->
|population_census_year = 2016
|population_density_km2 = 19.7
|population_density_rank = 188t
|population_density_sq_mi = 51
|GDP_PPP = $723 million<ref name=imf2>{{cite web |url=https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2017/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=2010&ey=2018&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&pr1.x=26&pr1.y=10&c=846&s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a= |title=Vanuatu |publisher=International Monetary Fund |accessdate=20 May 2017}}</ref>
|GDP_PPP_year = 2017
|GDP_PPP_rank =
|GDP_PPP_per_capita = $2,631<ref name=imf2/>
|GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank =
|GDP_nominal = $773 million<ref name=imf2/>
|GDP_nominal_year = 2017
|GDP_nominal_per_capita = $2,814<ref name=imf2/>
|Gini = 37.2 <!--number only--> 
|Gini_year = 2010 
|Gini_change = <!--increase/decrease/steady--> 
|Gini_ref = <ref name="wb-gini">{{cite web |url=http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI/ |title=Gini Index |publisher=World Bank |accessdate=2 March 2011}}</ref> 
|Gini_rank = 
|HDI = 0.597 <!--number only-->
|HDI_year = 2015<!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year-->
|HDI_change = decrease<!--increase/decrease/steady-->
|HDI_ref = <ref name="HDI">{{cite web |url=http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr_2016_statistical_annex.pdf |title=2015 Human Development Report |year=2015 |accessdate=15 December 2015 |publisher=United Nations Development Programme }}</ref>
|HDI_rank = 134th
|currency = [[Vanuatu vatu]]
|currency_code = VUV
|time_zone = VUT (Vanuatu Time)
|utc_offset = +11
|utc_offset_DST =
|DST_note = 
|time_zone_DST = 
|drives_on = right
|calling_code = [[+678]]
|cctld = [[.vu]]
|area_magnitude = 1 E10
|country_code =
}}
'''Vanuatu''' ({{IPAc-en|lang|audio=en-us-Vanuatu.ogg|ˌ|v|ɑː|n|uː|ˈ|ɑː|t|uː}} {{respell|vah-noo|AH|too}} or {{IPAc-en|v|æ|n|ˈ|w|ɑː|t|uː}} {{respell|van|WAH|too}};  [[Bislama]] {{IPA-xx|vanuaˈtu}}) is a kintra in the [[Paceefic Ocean]]. It haes a population o aboot 210,000, an its [[caipital ceety]] is [[Port Vila]].

{{fixscots|date=September 2020}}
 is ane insaumple teep o radioactive decay, in whilk an atomic nucleus ootpits an [[alpha particle]], an tharebi transforms (or 'decays') intae an atom wi a [[mass nummer]] decreased bi 4 an [[atomic nummer]] decreased bi 2. Mony ither teeps o decays is possible.]]
'''Radioactive decay''', cried '''nuclear decay''' or '''radioactivity''' an aa, is the process bi whilk a [[atomic nucleus|nucleus]] o an unstable [[atom]] loses virr bi ootpittin pairticles o [[ionisin radiation]]. A material that spontaneously ootpits this kin o radiation—whilk includes the emission o energetic [[alpha pairticle]]s, [[beta pairticle]]s, an [[gamma ray]]s—is conseidered '''radioactive'''.  Certaint heichly excited short-lived nuclear states can decay throu [[neutron emission]], or mair rarely, [[proton emission]].

'''Caithness''' is a coonty at the faur nor o [[Scotland]]. Its main toun is [[Weik]]. It haes mony neolithic remains, includin staundin steens, hill forts an brochs, mair nor ony ither county in Scotland. The airt wis a Pictish province cried Cait or Moggie, that wis invadit bi Norsemen.

'''Snap-dragon''' wis an [[Inglis]] spence gemm weel-likit fae aboot the saxteent tae nineteent centuries. Hit wis spieled in throu the wunter, in parteecular on [[Christenmas]] Eve (altho in soum variants o hit wis spielt at [[Hallae e'en]] insteid). Brandy wis het an stanced in a braid shauld bowl; raisins wis stanced in the [[brandy]] whilk wis syne set ableeze. For ordinar, lichts wis Oot quentit or blee'd tae eik tae the oorie effeck o the blue lowes birlin athort the strunt. The ettle o the gemme wis tae pouk the raisins oot o the brunin brandy an eat thaim, at the chynce o bein scaudert.

{{MongolUnicode|ᠤᠯᠤᠰ}}
|common_name = Mongolie
|image_flag = Flag of Mongolia.svg
|image_coat = Coat of Arms of Mongolia.svg
|symbol_type = Emblem
|image_map = Mongolia on the globe (Mongolia centered).svg
|map_caption = {{map caption |location_color=red}}
|national_motto =
|national_anthem = {{unbulleted list |[[Naitional Anthem o Mongolie|Монгол улсын төрийн дуулал]]<br />{{transl|mn|''Mongol ulsyn töriin duulal''}}<br />{{small|''Naitional anthem o Mongolie''}}}}<br /><center> </center>
|official_languages = [[Mongolie leid|Mongolie]]
|languages_type = [[Offeecial script]]s
|languages = [[Mongolie Cyrillic alphabet|Mongolian Cyrillic]]<br />[[Mongolie script]]<!-- Please, add an official (and non-media) source, otherwise it may be removed. --><ref>{{cite web |url = http://ubpost.mongolnews.mn/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=6478&Itemid=36 |title = Official Documents to be in Mongolian Script |publisher=''UB Post'' |date = June 21, 2011 |accessdate=2010-07-11 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20111101013639/http://ubpost.mongolnews.mn/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=6478&Itemid=36 |archivedate = November 1, 2011 }}</ref>
|ethnic_groups =
 {{unbulleted list
  | 96% [[Mongols]]
  |  4% [[Kazakhs]]<ref name="cia">{{cite web |url = https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/mg.html |title = Mongolia |publisher = CIA |work = World Factbook |accessdate = August 9, 2015 |archive-date = 2010-12-29 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20101229001357/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/mg.html |url-status = dead }}</ref>
 }}
|ethnic_groups_year = 2010
|demonym = {{hlist |[[Mongol]] |Mongolie{{Ref label|b|b}} }}
|capital = [[Ulaanbaatar]]{{Ref label|a|a}}
|religion = [[Buddhism]] (53%)<br />[[Islam]] (3%)<br/>[[Shamanism]] (2,9%)<br/>[[Christianity]] (2,2%)<ref name="cia" />
|coordinates = {{coord|47|55|N|106|53|E|scale:20000000_source:GNS|display=title}}
|largest_city = caipital
|government_type = {{nowrap|[[Unitar state|Unitar]] [[Semi-presidential seestem|semi-presidential]]}} [[republic]]<ref name="Draft">{{cite journal |last=Shugart |first=Matthew Søberg |author-link=Matthew Søberg Shugart |date=September 2005 |title=Semi-Presidential Systems: Dual Executive and Mixed Authority Patterns |url=http://dss.ucsd.edu/~mshugart/semi-presidentialism.pdf |dead-url= |journal=Graduate School of International Relations and Pacific Studies |location=United States |publisher=University of California, San Diego |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080819200307/http://dss.ucsd.edu/~mshugart/semi-presidentialism.pdf |archivedate=August 19, 2008 |pages= |access-date=21 February 2016 }}</ref><ref name="Dual">{{cite journal |last=Shugart |first=Matthew Søberg |author-link=Matthew Søberg Shugart |date=December 2005 |title=Semi-Presidential Systems: Dual Executive And Mixed Authority Patterns |url=http://www.palgrave-journals.com/fp/journal/v3/n3/pdf/8200087a.pdf |journal=French Politics |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan Journals |volume=3 |issue=3 |pages=pp. 323–351 |doi=10.1057/palgrave.fp.8200087 |access-date=21 February 2016 |quote=Even if the president has no discretion in the forming of cabinets or the right to dissolve parliament, his or her constitutional authority can be regarded as 'quite considerable' in Duverger’s sense if cabinet legislation approved in parliament can be blocked by the people's elected agent. Such powers are especially relevant if an extraordinary majority is required to override a veto, as in '''Mongolia''', Poland, and Senegal. |archive-date=2016-03-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304053112/http://www.palgrave-journals.com/fp/journal/v3/n3/pdf/8200087a.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="IDEA">{{cite web |url=http://www.constitutionnet.org/news/mongolia-vain-constitutional-attempt-consolidate-parliamentary-democracy |title=Mongolia: A Vain Constitutional Attempt to Consolidate Parliamentary Democracy |last=Odonkhuu |first=Munkhsaikhan |author-link1=<!-- Munkhsaikhan Odonkhuu --> |date=12 February 2016 |website=ConstitutionNet |publisher=[[International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance|International IDEA]] |access-date=21 February 2016 |quote=Mongolia is sometimes described as a semi-presidential system because, while the prime minister and cabinet are collectively responsible to the SGKh, the president is popularly elected, and his/her powers are much broader than the conventional powers of heads of state in parliamentary systems.}}</ref>
|leader_title1 = [[Preses o Mongolie|Preses]]
|leader_name1 = [[Ukhnaagiin Khürelsükh]]
|leader_title2 = [[Prime Meenister o Mongolie|Prime Meenister]]
|leader_name2 = [[Luvsannamsrain Oyun-Erdene]]
| leader_title3             = [[State Great Khural|Chairman o the Khural]]
| leader_name3                = [[Gombojavyn Zandanshatar]]
|legislature = [[State Great Khural]]
|area_rank = 18t
|area_magnitude = 1 E12
|area_km2 = 1,566,000
|area_sq_mi = 603,909 <!-- Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]] -->
|percent_water = 0.43<ref>[http://www.e-gazar.mn/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&catid=31%3A2008-10-21-08-45-23&id=163%3A-2007-&Itemid=58 Official landuse balanse data (2007)]{{Dead link|date=May 2010}}</ref>
|population_estimate =3,081,677<ref>{{cite web|url = http://en.ubseg.gov.mn/|title = National Statistical Office of Mongolia|website = UBSEG.GOV.MN|deadurl = yes|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20160415114326/http://en.ubseg.gov.mn/|archivedate = April 15, 2016|df = mdy-all}}</ref>
|population_estimate_year = 2016
|population_estimate_rank = 134t
|population_density_km2 = 1.97<ref name="Apr 2016">Apr 2016</ref>
|population_density_sq_mi = 5.10<ref name="Apr 2016"/> <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]-->
|population_density_rank = 238t
|GDP_PPP_year = 2015
|GDP_PPP = $36.6&nbsp;billion
|GDP_PPP_rank =
|GDP_PPP_per_capita = $11,024
|GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank =
|GDP_nominal = $12.5&nbsp;billion
|GDP_nominal_year = 2015
|GDP_nominal_per_capita = $4,353
|Gini_year = 2011
|Gini_change =  <!-- increase/decrease/steady -->
|Gini = 36.5 <!-- number only -->
|Gini_ref =<ref name="wb-gini">{{cite web |url = http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI/ |title=Gini Index |publisher=World Bank |accessdate=March 2, 2011}}</ref>
|Gini_rank =
|HDI_year = 2014 <!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year -->
|HDI_change = increase <!-- increase/decrease/steady -->
|HDI = 0.727 <!-- number only, between 0 and 1 -->
|HDI_ref =<ref name="HDI">{{cite web |url = http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr_2015_statistical_annex.pdf |title = 2015 Human Development Report Statistical Annex |date = 2015 |accessdate = December 14, 2015 |publisher = United Nations Development Programme |page = 9}}</ref>
|HDI_rank = 90th
|sovereignty_type = [[History o Mongolie|Formation]]
|established_event1 = [[Xiongnu|Xiongnu Empire]]
|established_date1 = formed 209 BC
|established_event2 = [[Mongol Empire]]
|established_date2 = formed 1206
|established_event3 = [[Mongolie Revolution o 1911|Declaration o unthirldom]] frae [[Qing dynasty]], Cheenae
|established_date3 = December 29, 1911
|established_event4 = [[Mongolie Fowkrepublic]] wis established
|established_date4 = November 26, 1924
|established_event5 = Unthirldom wis recognised bi [[Republic o Cheenae (1912–1949)|Republic o Cheenae]]
|established_date5 = Januar 5, 1946
|established_event6 = [[Constitution o Mongolia|Current Constitution]]
|established_date6 = Februar 13, 1992
|currency = [[Mongolian tögrög|Tögrög]]
|currency_code = MNT
|time_zone = <!-- [[Asia/Hovd|HOVD]] (Hovd Standard Time) / [[Asia/Ulaanbaatar||ULAT]] (Ulaanbaatar Standard Time) -->
|utc_offset = +7/+8<ref>{{cite web |title = Mongolia Standard Time is GMT (UTC) +8, some areas of Mongolia use GMT (UTC) +7 |publisher = Time Temperature.com |url = http://www.timetemperature.com/asia/mongolia_time_zone.shtml |accessdate=2007-09-30}}</ref>
|time_zone_DST =
|utc_offset_DST = +8/+9<ref>{{cite web |title = Clock changes in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia |publisher= timeanddate.com |url= http://www.timeanddate.com/time/change/mongolia/ulaanbaatar |accessdate= 2015-03-27}}</ref>
|date_format = yyyy.mm.dd ([[Common Era|CE]])
|drives_on = richt
|calling_code = [[+976]]
|iso3166code = MN
|cctld = [[.mn]], [[.мон]]
|footnote_a = {{Note|a}} An aa spelled "Ulan Bator".
|footnote_b = {{Note|b}} "Mongolie" includes minorities sic as [[Kazakhs]] or [[Tuvans]].
}}
'''Mongolie''' (soondit /mənˈɡoli/; [[Mongolie leid|Mongolie]]: Монгол улс leeteral Mongol kintra/naition, ) is a laundlockit kintra in East an Central [[Aisie]]. It haes mairches wi [[Roushie]] tae the north an the [[Fowkrepublic o Cheenae]] tae the sooth, east an wast. Awtho Mongolie disna share a mairch wi [[Kazakhstan]], its wastren-maist pynt is anely a few kilometres fae Kazakhstan's eastren neb. [[Ulan Bator]], the caipital an lairgest ceety, is hame tae aboot 38% o the indwallers. Mongolie's poleetical seestem is a [[pairlamentary republic]].

A '''Naitional anthem''' is a sang for ordinar waled by the kintra's govrenment tae vyce an reflect the kintra's vailyies. 

{{About |the filosofer an statesman|the 20t century penter|Francis Bacon (airtist)}}

'''John Locke''' ([[29 August|29 Augist]], [[1632]] – [[28 October]], [[1704]]) wis a 17t-centurie [[Ingland|Inglis]] [[Philosophie|philosophar]] that wis concernt mainly wi govrenment. He uphelt the richt tae life, leebertie, an the pursuit o happiness, altho he cried hit "Life, Liberty, and Property". He e'en uphelt freedom o [[Releegion]] - no includin [[Catholicism]], or Atheism, that o coorse isna a [[releegion]], sae it wad be ''freedon frae releegion'' that he wad hae tae uphaud an aw.

Fowk that daesna hae a [[hoose]] or anither dwallin is kent as '''hameless fowk'''.
{{Commonscat|Homeless}}

'''Biochemistry''', sometimes cried '''biological chemistry''', is the study o [[chemistry|chemical]] processes within an relatin tae livin [[organism]]s.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://portal.acs.org/portal/acs/corg/content?_nfpb=true&_pageLabel=PP_ARTICLEMAIN&node_id=1188&content_id=CTP_003379&use_sec=true&sec_url_var=region1&__uuid=aa3f2aa3-8047-4fa2-88b8-32ffcad3a93e|title=Biochemistry|work=acs.org}}</ref>

| coordinates_footnotes   = 
| subdivision_type        = [[Leet o sovereign states|Kintra]]
| subdivision_name        = [[Netherlands]]
| subdivision_type1       = [[Provinces o the Netherlands|Province]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[Sooth Holland]]
| parts_type              = <!-- defaults to: Boroughs -->
| parts_style             = coll
| parts                   = 14 [[Govrenment o Rotterdam#Boroughs|Destricts]]
|p1=[[Rotterdam Centrum|Centrum]]
|p2=[[Charlois]]
|p3=[[Delfshaven]]
|p4=[[Feijenoord district|Feijenoord]]
|p5=[[Hillegersberg-Schiebroek]]
|p6=[[Hoogvliet]]
|p7=[[Huik o Holland]]
|p8=[[IJsselmonde, Rotterdam|IJsselmonde]]
|p9=[[Kralingen-Crooswijk]]
|p10=[[Noord, Rotterdam|Noord]]
|p11=[[Overschie]]
|p12=[[Pernis, Netherlands|Pernis]]
|p13=[[Prins Alexander]]
|p14=[[Rozenburg]]
| government_footnotes    = <ref name="mayor_now">{{cite web
 |url = http://www.rotterdam.nl/collegebenw
 |title = College van b en w
 |trans_title = Board of mayor and aldermen
 |language = Dutch
 |author = 
 |date = 
 |work = 
 |publisher = Gemeente Rotterdam
 |accessdate = 21 August 2013
 |archive-date = 2015-01-01
 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150101172852/http://www.rotterdam.nl/collegebenw
 |url-status = dead
 }}</ref>
| governing_body          = [[Municipal council (Netherlands)|Municipal council]]
| leader_party            = [[Labour Pairty (Netherlands)|PvdA]]
| leader_title            = [[Burgemeester|Mayor]]
| leader_name             = [[Ahmed Aboutaleb]]
| leader_title1           = [[Wethouder|Aldermen]]
| leader_name1            = {{Collapsible list
  |title=List of aldermen
  |1= [[Jeannette Baljeu]]
  |2= [[Alexandra van Huffelen]]
  |3= [[Hugo de Jonge]]
  |4= [[Antoinette Laan]]
  |5= [[Korrie Louwes]]
  |6= [[Marco Florijn]]
  |7= [[Hamit Karakus]]
  |8= [[Richard Moti]]
 }}
<!-- Geographic information -->
| total_type              = Municipality<!-- to set a non-standard label for total area and population rows -->
| unit_pref               = Metric
<!-- ALL fields with measurements have automatic unit conversion -->
<!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| area_footnotes          = <ref>{{Dutch municipality total area|dataref}}</ref><ref name="tno_randstad">{{cite techreport
 |author1=Anita Bouman–Eijs
 |author2=Thijmen van Bree
 |author3=Wouter Jonkhoff
 |author4=Olaf Koops
 |author5=Walter Manshanden
 |author6=Elmer Rietveld
 |url=http://www.zuidvleugel.nl/sites/www.zuidvleugel.nl/files/article/downloads/top_20_europese_grootstedelijke_regios_1995_2011_tno_2012_r11155.pdf
 |title=De Top 20 van Europese grootstedelijke regio's 1995–2011; Randstad Holland in internationaal perspectief
 |language=Dutch
 |trans_title=Top 20 of European metropolitan regions 1995–2011; Randstad Holland compared internationally
 |date=17 December 2012
 |publisher=[[Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research|TNO]]
 |place=Delft
 |accessdate=25 July 2013
 |archive-date=2014-03-03
 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140303212054/http://www.zuidvleugel.nl/sites/www.zuidvleugel.nl/files/article/downloads/top_20_europese_grootstedelijke_regios_1995_2011_tno_2012_r11155.pdf
 |url-status=dead
 }}</ref>
<!-- square kilometers -->
| area_total_km2          = {{Dutch municipality total area|Rotterdam}}
| area_land_km2           = {{Dutch municipality land area|Rotterdam}}
| area_water_km2          = {{Dutch municipality water area|Rotterdam}}
| area_blank1_title       = [[Randstad]]
| area_blank1_km2         = 3043
| elevation_footnotes     = <ref name="AHN">{{cite web
 |url = http://www.ahn.nl/postcodetool
 |title = Postcodetool for 3011AD
 |trans_title = 
 |language = Dutch
 |author = <!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->
 |date = 
 |work = Actueel Hoogtebestand Nederland
 |publisher = Het Waterschapshuis
 |accessdate = 20 August 2013}}</ref>
| elevation_m             = 0
| elevation_max_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| elevation_max_m         =
| elevation_min_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| elevation_min_m         =
<!-- Population, demographics -->
| population_footnotes    = <ref name="tno_randstad"/><ref>{{Dutch municipality population|dataref}}</ref><ref>{{Dutch municipality population urbanmetro|dataref}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Over de Metropoolregio Rotterdam Den Haag|url=http://mrdh.nl/over-mrdh|publisher=MRDH.nl|quote=De Metropoolregio Rotterdam Den Haag is het gebied dat nu de huidige stadregio’s Rotterdam en Haaglanden omvat. Binnen dat gebied gaan de 24 gemeenten hun krachten bundelen in het samenwerkingsverband Metropoolregio Rotterdam Den Haag om de internationale concurrentiepositie van de regio te versterken. De Metropoolregio regio heeft 2,2 miljoen inwoners.|date=2014|accessdate=7 October 2014}}</ref>
| population_total        = {{Dutch municipality population|Rotterdam}}
| population_as_of        = Municipality, {{MONTHNAME|{{Dutch municipality population|popbasemonth}}}} {{YEAR|{{Dutch municipality population|popbaseyear}}}}; Urban an Metro, {{MONTHNAME|{{Dutch municipality population urbanmetro|popbasemonth}}}} {{YEAR|{{Dutch municipality population urbanmetro|popbaseyear}}}}; Randstad, 2011
| population_density_km2  = {{Dutch municipality population density|Rotterdam}} <!-- For automatic calculation: auto-->
| population_urban        = {{Dutch municipality population urbanmetro|Rotterdam Urban}}
| population_metro        = {{Dutch municipality population urbanmetro|Rotterdam Metro}}
| population_blank1_title = {{nobreak|[[:nl:Metropoolregio Rotterdam-Den Haag|Metropolitan region]]}}
| population_blank1       = 2261844
| population_blank2_title = [[Randstad]]
| population_blank2       = 6979500
| population_demonym      = Rotterdammer
<!-- Other information -->
| timezone1               = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset1             = +1
| timezone1_DST           = [[Central European Simmer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset1_DST         = +2
| postal_code_type        = [[Postal codes in the Netherlands|Postcode]]
| postal_code             = 3000–3099
| area_code_type          = [[Telephone numbers in the Netherlands|Aurie code]]
| area_code               = 010
| website                 = {{URL|1=http://www.rotterdam.nl}}
| footnotes               =
}}
'''Rotterdam''' ({{pron-en|ˈrɒtərdæm}}; Dutch {{IPA-nl|ˌrɔtərˈdɑm||Nl-Rotterdam.ogg}}) is the [[Leet o ceeties in the Netherlands wi ower 100,000 fowk|seicont-lairgest]] ceety in the [[Netherlands]] an the lairgest port in [[Europe]]. Stairtin as a [[dam]] on the [[Rotte (river)|Rotte]] river, Rotterdam haes grown intae a major internaitional commercial centre. Its strategic location at the [[Rhine-Meuse-Scheldt delta]] on the [[North Sea]] an at the hert o a massive rail, road, air an inland watterwey distribution seestem extendin throughoot Europe means that Rotterdam can richtly be cried the gatewey tae Europe. 

{{fixscots}}
{{italic title}}
{{Taxobox
| name = ''Sorbus''
| image = Sorbus aucuparia aka rowan.jpg
| image_caption = European Rowan (''[[Sorbus aucuparia]]'') wi fruit
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
| unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
| unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
| unranked_ordo = [[Rosids]]
| ordo = [[Rosales]]
| familia = [[Rosaceae]]
| subfamilia = [[Amygdaloideae]]<ref name=Potter>{{cite journal |author=D. Potter, T. Eriksson, R. C. Evans, S. Oh, J. E. E. Smedmark, D. R. Morgan, M. Kerr, K. R. Robertson, M. Arsenault, T. A. Dickinson & C. S. Campbell |year=2007 |title=Phylogeny and classification of Rosaceae |journal=[[Plant Systematics and Evolution]] |volume=266 |issue=1–2 |pages=5–43 |url=http://biology.umaine.edu/Amelanchier/Rosaceae_2007.pdf |format=[[Portable Document Format|PDF]] |doi=10.1007/s00606-007-0539-9 }} Note that this publication pre-dates the 2011 International Botanical Congress which mandates that the combined subfamily referred to in the paper as Spiraeoideae [http://www.iapt-taxon.org/nomen/main.php?page=art19#Ex.5 must be called Amygdaloideae] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304043344/http://www.iapt-taxon.org/nomen/main.php?page=art19#Ex.5 |date=2016-03-04 }}.</ref>
| tribus = [[Maleae]]
| subtribus = [[Malinae]]
| genus = '''''Sorbus'''''
| genus_authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]
| subdivision_ranks = Subgenera
| subdivision = *''Sorbus''
*[[Whitebeam|''Aria'']]
*[[Sorbus alnifolia|''Micromeles'']]
*[[Sorbus domestica|''Cormus'']]
*[[Sorbus torminalis|''Torminaria'']]
*[[Sorbus chamaemespilus|''Chamaemespilus'']]
}}
'''''Sorbus''''' is a [[genus]] o aboot 100–200 species o [[tree]]s an [[shrub]]s in the rose [[faimily (biology)|faimily]] [[Rosaceae]].

[[Image:Form of government parliamentary.png|right|400px|thumb|'''Cairt o different govrenmental seestems'''
{{legend|red|[[Constitutional monarchy|Constitutional monarchies]] in which authority is vestit in a pairlament.}}
{{legend|orange|[[Pairlamentary republic]]s whaur pairlaments are effectively supreme ower a separate heid o state.}}
{{legend|green|Pairlamentary republics wi an executive preses electit bi an responsible tae a pairlament.}}]]
A '''pairlamentary seestem''' is a seestem o democratic govrenance o a state in which the [[Executive (govrenment)|executive branch]] derives its democratic legitimacy frae, an is held accoontable tae, the [[legislatur]] ([[pairlament]]); the executive an [[legislative branch]]es are thus interconnectit.

{{Unsoorced}}

'''Photosynthesis''' is a process used bi plants an ither organisms tae convert [[licht]] energy, normally frae the [[sun]], inta chemical energy that can be uised tae fuel the organisms' activities. Carbohydrates, such as succars, are synthesized frae carbon dioxide an watter (hence the name photosynthesis, frae the [[Greek leid|Greek]] [[wiktionary:φῶς|φῶς]], ''phōs'', "licht", an [[wiktionary:σύνθεσις|σύνθεσις]], ''synthesis'', "puttin thegither"<ref name=OnlineEtDict>{{cite web|title=photosynthesis|url=http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=photosynthesis&allowed_in_frame=0|publisher=[[Online Etymology Dictionary]]}}</ref><ref name=LSJ1>{{LSJ|fw{{=}}s2|φῶς|ref}}</ref><ref name=LSJ2>{{LSJ|su/nqesis|σύνθεσις|ref}}</ref>). Oxygen is an aa released, maistly as a waste product. Maist [[plant]]s, maist [[algae]], an [[cyanobacteria]] perform the process o photosynthesis, an are cried [[photoautotroph]]s. Photosynthesis maintains atmospheric oxygen levels an supplies aw o the organic compoonds an maist o the energy necessary for ae life on Yird.<ref name=bryantfrigaard>{{cite journal | author = Bryant DA, Frigaard NU | title = Prokaryotic photosynthesis and phototrophy illuminated | journal = Trends Microbiol. | volume = 14 | issue = 11 | pages = 488–96 | year = 2006 | month = November | pmid = 16997562 | doi = 10.1016/j.tim.2006.09.001 }}</ref>

The '''positron''' or '''antielectron''' is the [[antipairticle]] or the [[antimatter]] coonterpairt o the [[electron]]. The positron haes an [[electric charge]] o +1e, a [[spin (physics)|spin]] o ½, an haes the same mass as an electron. When a law-energy positron collides wi a law-energy electron,  [[annihilation]] occurs, resultin in the production o twa or mair [[gamma ray]] [[photon]]s (see [[electron–positron annihilation]]).

'''Paper''' is a thin sheet o feebres pressed thegither. Fowk [[scrievin|writes]] on paper, an [[beuk]]s is made o paper. Paper can souk up liquids sic as [[watter]], an sae fowk can dicht things wi paper.

{{unsoorced}}

'' on [[Armistice Day]], 11 November 1918.]]
A '''newspaper''' (eften juist cried a '''paper''' when the context is clear) is a [[periodical leeteratur|periodical]] publication containin [[news]], ither informative [[airticle (publishin)|airticles]], an uisually [[adverteesin]].

A '''map''' is a simplifee'd depeection o a space, a navigational aid that hielichts relations atween objects inouth that space. For ordinar a map is a twa-dimensional, geometrical richt representation o a three-dimensional space. The science an airt o cairt-makkin is kent as cairtografie.

chasin prey. In its brief huntin sprints, it is the fastest o aw laund ainimals.]]
'''Ainimal locomotion''', in [[ethology]], is ony o the kin-kinds o muivements or gates that [[ainimal (biology)|ainimal]]s uise fur tae muive frae ane place tae anither.<ref name=EB>{{cite web|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/345861/locomotion|title=Animal locomotion|publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica|accessdate=December 16, 2014}}</ref> Some locomotion modes is (ineetially) sel-pilet, e.g., rinnin, soummin, lowpin, fleein, happin, tovin an snuvin.

| birth_place = [[Grenoble]], Fraunce
| death_date = {{death date and age|1842|3|23|1783|1|23|df=y}}
| death_place = Paris, Fraunce
| occupation = Writer
| buried = [[Cimetière de Montmartre]]
| movement = [[Realism (airts)|Realism]]
| influences = [[William Shakespeare]], [[William Hazlitt]], [[Encyclopédistes]]
| influenced = [[Friedrich Nietzsche]], [[Mihail Sebastian]], [[Saul Bellow]], [[Doris Lessing]], [[Marcel Proust]], [[John Dos Passos]], [[Émile Zola]], [[Leo Tolstoy]], [[Carlos Fuentes]], [[Alice Munro]], [[James Joyce]],<ref>"Passion was his raison d'être, and that surely is the religion of all romantics—exaltation through the passions... Stendhal was a product of the Napoleonic age, when the French saw themselves as world conquerors, and his attitude was such. But putting that aside one must admit that La Chartreuse is a good book in the romantic tradition... few men have conveyed passion with such intensity as he has... [examples] His description of their emotional frenzy is magnificent... Stendhal never became sentimental and soft the way Thackeray did, especially over women; in his greatest extravagance he remains hard and glittering... but Thackeray has something which Stendhal did not have: humour." [http://www.saylor.org/site/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/James-Joyce-Literary-Tastes.pdf]</ref> [[Grigol Robakidze]]
| website =
}}
'''Marie-Henri Beyle''' ({{IPA-fr|bɛl|lang}}; 23 Januar 1783 – 23 Mairch 1842), better kent bi his [[pen name]] '''Stendhal''' ({{IPA-fr|stɛ̃dal|lang}} or {{IPA-fr|stɑ̃dal|}};<ref>The pronunciation {{IPA-fr|stɛ̃dal|}} is the maist common in Fraunce the day, as shawn bi the entry "stendhalien" ({{IPA-fr|stɛ̃daljɛ̃|}}) in the Petit Robert dictionary an bi the pronunciation recordit on the authoritative wabsteid [http://www.rightpronunciation.com/details.asp?id=3491&id2=30 Pronny the pronouncer] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160308151457/http://rightpronunciation.com/details.asp?id=3491&id2=30 |date=2016-03-08 }}, which is run bi a professor o lingueestics an records the pronunciations o heichly eddicated native speakers. The pronunciation {{IPA-fr|stɑ̃dal|}} is less common in Fraunce the day, but wis presumably the maist common ane in 19t-century Fraunce an perhaps the ane preferred bi Stendhal, as shawn bi the at the time well-kent phrase "Stendhal, c'est un scandale" as explained on page 88 o [https://books.google.com/books?hl=fr&id=KjC041e87qkC&dq=stendhal+pronunciation&q=scandale#v=snippet&q=scandale&f=false Stendhal: The Red and the Black] bi Stirling Haig. On the ither haund, mony obituaries uised the spellin "Styndal", which clearly indicates that the pronunciation {{IPA-fr|stɛ̃dal|}} wis an aa already common at the time o his daith (see [https://books.google.com/books?ei=eb0gUrP_BqOs4ATCj4GICQ&hl=fr&id=PNcqAAAAMAAJ&dq=stendhal+prononciation+stendal&q=stendal#search_anchor Literaturblatt für germanische und romanische Philologie, Volumes 57 tae 58] [in German], p. 175). Syne Stendhal haed lived an traiveled extensively in Germany, it is o coorse an aa possible that he in fact pronoonced his name as the German ceety {{IPA-de|ˈʃtɛndaːl|}} uisin {{IPA|/ɛn/}} instead o {{IPA|/ɛ̃/}} (an perhaps an aa wi {{IPA|/ʃ/}} instead o {{IPA|/s/}}) an that some French speakers approximatit this but that maist uised ane o the twa common French pronunciations o the spellin "en" ({{IPA-fr|ɑ̃|}} an {{IPA-fr|ɛ̃|}}).</ref>), wis a 19t-century French writer. Best kent for the novelles ''Le Rouge et le Noir'' (''[[The Reid an the Black]]'', 1830) an ''La Chartreuse de Parme'' (''[[The Chairterhoose o Parma]]'', 1839), he is heichly regairdit for the acute analysis o his chairacters' psychology an conseedert ane o the earliest an foremaist practeetioners o [[realism (airts)|realism]].

in the [[Danube Bend]] near [[Visegrád]], [[Hungary]]]]

Formally, in [[lingueestics]], a '''lexicon''' is a leid's inventory o [[lexeme]]s.

{{unsoorced}}{{fixscots}}

An '''arboretum''' is a [[botanical gairden]] for ordinar gien ower tae [[tree]]s an ither [[widdy plant]]s, formin a leevin hatter o trees maistlins mynt for scienteefic study. An arboretum speicialisin in growin [[conifer]]s is kent as a [[pinetum]].

{{Automatic Taxobox
|fossil_range = {{fossil range|Eocene|Present|earliest=65}} <small>Possible [[Cretaceous]] record</small>
|image = Thalassarche bulleri in flight 3 - SE Tasmania.jpg
|image_caption = [[Buller's albatross]] (''Thalassarche bulleri'')
|taxon = Procellariiformes
|authority = [[Max Fürbringer|Fürbringer]], 1888<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://sn2000.taxonomy.nl/Parker/1982/Classification/51469.htm | title=Systema Naturae 2000 / Classification – Parker (1982) | accessdate=12 February 2009 | last=Brands | first=Sheila | date=August 14, 2008 | work=Project: The Taxonomicon | deadurl=yes | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100614111930/http://sn2000.taxonomy.nl/Parker/1982/Classification/51469.htm | archivedate=14 June 2010 | df= }}</ref>
|diversity = 4 Extant Faimilies, 23 Genera, 125 Speshies
|diversity_link = Leet o Procellariiformes
|subdivision_ranks = [[Faimily (biology)|Faimilies]]
|subdivision =
†[[Diomedeoididae]] <br>
[[Procellariidae]] <br>
[[Diomedeidae]] <br>
[[Hydrobatidae]] <br>
[[Oceanitidae]] 
}}
'''Procellariiformes''' is an [[order (biology)|order]] o [[seabird]]s that comprises fower [[faimily (biology)|faimilies]]: the [[albatross]]es, [[Procellariidae|petrels an shearwaters]], [[storm petrel]]s, an [[divin petrel]]s. Umwhile cried '''Tubinares''' an still cried '''tubenoses''' in Inglis, thay are eften referred tae collectively as the '''[[petrel]]s''', a term that haes been applied tae aw Procellariiformes,<ref name ="war">Warham, J. (1996). ''The Behaviour, Population, Biology and Physiology of the Petrels''. London: Academic Press, ISBN 0-12-735415-8</ref> or mair commonly aw the faimilies except the albatrosses.<ref name = "Brooke">Brooke, 2004.</ref> Thay are almaist exclusively [[pelagic]] (feedin in the open ocean), an hae a [[cosmopolitan distribution]] athort the warld's oceans, wi the heichest [[species diversity|diversity]] bein aroond [[New Zealand]].

<!-- Map -->
| image_map             = Map of Ukraine political simple Oblast Czernowitz.png
<!-- Offeecial leid(s) -->
| official_lang         = [[Ukrainian leid|Ukrainian]]
<!-- Capital and largest cities -->
| admin_center    = [[Chernivtsi]] 
| largest_cities        = [[Chernivtsi]], [[Novodnistrovsk]]
<!-- Government -->
| governor              = Mykhailo Papiyev<ref name=newgovukmrch182010>[http://www.interfax.com.ua/eng/main/34467 President appoints 14 regional governors], [[Interfax-Ukraine]] (March 18, 2010)</ref><ref name=govgone18310>[http://web.archive.org/web/20100322213125/http://www.president.gov.ua/documents/10681.html/ Ukraine Presidential Decree Number 389/2010] {{uk icon}}</ref>
| governor_party        = [[Pairty o Regions]]<ref name=newgovukmrch182010/>
| chairman              = Ivan Shylepnytskyi
| chairman_party        = [[Aw-Ukrainian Union Faitherland|FP]]
| council_seats         = 104
| established_date      = 9 August 1940
<!-- Subdivisions -->
| raions                = 11
| city_raions           = 2
| cities                = 11
| CMTs                  = 8
| villages              = 398
<!-- Area -->
| area_rank             = 25t
| area_total_km2        = 8097
<!-- Population -->
| population_as_of      = 2006
| population_rank       = 26t
| population            = 904423
| Density               = 113
| Population_Growth     = -0.4%
<!-- Average salary -->
| salary_as_of          = 2006
| salary_rank           = 20t
| salary                = 785
<!-- Abbreviations -->
| postal_code           = 58-60xxx
| PostalCodePrefix      = [[Leet o postal codes#U-Z]]
| iso_code              = [[ISO 3166-2:UA|UA-77]]
| FIPS_code             = [[Leet o FIPS region codes (S-U)#UP: Ukraine|UP03]]
| area_code             = [[Aurie code#Ukraine|+380-37]]
| LicencePlateNumber    = СЕ
<!-- Websites -->
| website               = [http://www.oda.cv.ua www.oda.cv.ua]<br>[http://gska2.rada.gov.ua:7777/pls/z7502/A005?rdat1=04.06.2007&rf7571=38797 www.rada.gov.ua]
<!-- Footnote(s) -->
| footnotes             = 
}}

{{stub}}
A '''stane''' or '''stane wecht''' ({{lang-en|stone or stone weight}}) is a unit o mass in the Inglis and imperial system o wechts an measures uised in the [[Unitit Kinrick]], [[Ireland]]. A stane uises the symbol <nowiki>'''st'''</nowiki> an is equal tae 14 [[Pund|pund avoirdupois]] (aboot 6.35&nbsp;kg).<ref>{{Citation|title=Concise Oxford Dictionary|date=1964|contribution=stone|publisher=Oxford University Press}}.</ref> In [[SI|SI units]] it is equal tae 6.35 [[kilogram]]. The stane is aften uised in the Unitit Kinrick an Ireland whan speakin but wis prohibitit for purposes o commerce in the Unitit Kinrick bi the [[Weights and Measures Act of 1985]]<ref name="1985Act">{{Citation|title=Legislation.gov.uk|url=http://www.legislation.gov.uk|contribution=Weights and Measures Act 1985|contribution-url=http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1985/72/contents|accessdate=25 September 2014}}</ref> and in Ireland bi legislation in response tae the same [[EU directive]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1983/si/235/made/en/print|title=S.I. No. 235/1983 - European Communities ((Units of Measurement) Regulations, 1983.|last=|first=|date=|website=electronic Irish Statute Book|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=7 October 2020}}</ref>

<ref name="Joji Apple Music">{{cite web|title=Joji on Apple Music|url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/artist/joji/1258279972|website=Apple Music|accessdate=14 February 2018}}</ref>
| birth_place = [[Osaka, Japan]]<ref name="BroadwayWorld">{{cite web|url=https://www.broadwayworld.com/bwwmusic/article/Joji-Shares-Video-for-New-Single-Will-He-Announces-New-EP-20171018|title=Joji Shares Video for New Single 'Will He'; Announces New EP|publisher=BroadwayWorld|date=18 October 2017|access-date=November 3, 2017}}</ref>
| nationality = [[Japanese Australies|Japanese-Australie]]
| education = [[Canadian Academy]]
| residence = 
| occupation = {{hlist|enterteener|muisicker}}
| origin = 
| module = 
| subscribers  = 8.4+ million (combined)
| views        = 1.05+ billion (combined)
| view_date    = 3 Februar 2018
| network      = ScaleLab<ref name="SocialBlade">{{cite web|title=TVFilthyFrank YouTube Stats, Channel Statistics|url=https://socialblade.com/youtube/user/tvfilthyfrank|publisher=socialblade.com|accessdate=29 October 2017}}</ref>
| silver_button   = yes
| silver_year     = 2013
| gold_button     = yes
| gold_year       = 2015
| diamond_button  = no
| ruby_button     = no
| stats_update    = 3 Februar 2018
}}
| module2 = </ref><ref name="Canadian Academy">{{cite web|url=https://issuu.com/canadian.academy/docs/ca_review_fall_2012/7|title=CA Review Fall 2012|publisher=Canadian Academy|pages=4–5|access-date=16 January 2017|via=Issuu|archive-date=2016-09-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160927043055/https://issuu.com/canadian.academy/docs/ca_review_fall_2012/7|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| genre           = {{hlist|[[Contemporary R&B|R&B]]<ref name="billboard interview">{{Cite web |url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/hip-hop/8061822/joji-interview-will-he-filthy-frank |title=Singer/Producer Joji on His Career Flip From Crude Viral Comedy to Understated R&B: 'Now I Get to Do Stuff That I Want to Hear' |last=Kelley |first=Caitlin |date=7 December 2017 |website=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |access-date=12 December 2017}}</ref>|[[trip hop]]<ref name="Pigeons and Planes 2" />|[[Lo-fi muisic|lo-fi]]<ref name="Pigeons and Planes 2">{{Cite news|url=http://pigeonsandplanes.com/in-depth/2017/11/joji-interview-in-tongues|title=Joji's Journey from Viral Videos to Quality Music|author=Graham Corrigan|publisher=Pigeons and Planes|date=1 November 2017|access-date=3 November 2017}}</ref>}}
| instrument      = {{hlist|[[Vocals]]|[[ukulele]]|[[keybuird instrument|keybuirds]]}}
| years_active    = 2014–present
| label           = {{hlist|[[88rising]]|[[Empire Distribution|Empire]]|Pink Records}}
}}
}}
'''George Miller''' (born 18 September 1992<ref name="Joji Apple Music"/>), kent bi his stage name '''Joji''', is a [[Japanese Australies|Japanese-Australie]] record producer, sangster, sangwriter an umwhile [[YouTube]] personality.

'''Cheesecake''' is a sweet dish conseestin primarily o a mixtur o saft, fresh [[cheese]] (nae always [[cream cheese]]), eggs, an succar; eften on a crust or base made frae grushed [[cuikies]] or [[Graham cracker crust|graham crackers]], [[pastry]] or [[spoonge cake]].<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.fergusonplarre.com.au/History/Cheescakes.html | author = Ferguson Plarre Bakehouses | title = A History of Cheesecakes | publisher = www.fergusonplarre.com.au | accessdate = 2008-10-12 | archive-date = 2013-11-24 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131124231229/http://www.fergusonplarre.com.au/History/Cheescakes.html | url-status = dead }}</ref> It mey be [[bakit]] or unbakit. Cheesecake is uisually sweetened wi [[succar]] an mey be flavoured or tappit wi [[fruit]], [[whipped cream]], [[Nit (fruit)|nits]], fruit sauce an/or [[chocolate]]. Cheesecake can be prepared in mony flavours, sic as [[straeberry]], [[pumpkin]], [[key lime]],  or [[taffee]]. 

'''John Locke''' ([[29 August|29 Augist]], [[1632]] – [[28 October]], [[1704]]) wis a 17t-centurie [[Ingland|Inglis]] [[Philosophie|philosophar]] that wis concernt mainly wi govrenment. He uphelt the richt tae life, leebertie, an the pursuit o happiness, altho he cried hit "Life, Liberty, and Property". He e'en uphelt freedom o [[Releegion]] - no includin [[Catholicism]], or Atheism, that o coorse isna a [[releegion]], sae it wad be ''freedon frae releegion'' that he wad hae tae uphaud an aw.

| origin          = [[Lund]], [[Scanie Coonty|Scanie]], Swaden
| genre           = {{hlist|[[Progressive house]]|[[electro house]]|[[funky house]]}}
| occupation      = {{hlist|DJ|record producer|remixer}}
| instrument      = {{hlist|Muisic sequencer|synthesizers|drum machine}}
| years_active    = 1995–present
| label           = {{hlist|Axtone|Data Records|[[Ministry of Sound]]|[[Def Jam Recordings|Def Jam]]|[[Soulfuric Recordings|Soulfuric]]|[[Ultra Music]]}}
| associated_acts = {{hlist|[[Swedish House Mafia]]|[[Dirty South (muisicker)|Dirty South]]|[[Axwell Λ Ingrosso]]|[[Sebastian Ingrosso]]|[[Steve Angello]]|[[Tara McDonald]]|[[Laidback Luke]]}}
| website         = 
}}

|coordinates_footnotes=
|region   =[[Tuscany]]
|province  =[[Province o Florence|Florence]] (FI)
|frazioni   =
|mayor_party  =
|mayor   =[[Dario Nardella]] <br> ([[Democratic Pairty (Italy)|Democratic Pairty]])
|area_footnotes =
|area_total_km2 =102.41
|population_footnotes=<ref>'Ceety' population (i.e., that o the ''[[comune]]'' or municipality) frae [http://demo.istat.it/bilmens2009gen/index.html=Monthly demographic balance: January–April 2009]{{Dead link|date=January 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, [[Istituto Nazionale di Statistica|ISTAT]].</ref>
|population_total=370702
|population_as_of=31 October 2010
|pop_density_footnotes=
|population_demonym=Fiorentini
|elevation_footnotes=
|elevation_m  =50
|twin1   =
|twin1_country =
|saint   =[[John the Baptist]]
|day    =24 June
|postal_code  =50121-50145
|area_code  =055
|website   ={{Official website|http://www.comune.firenze.it}}
|footnotes  =
}}

'''Organic chemistry''' is a [[chemistry]] subdiscipline involvin the [[science|scientific]] study o the structur, properties, an reactions of [[organic compoonds]] an [[organic materials]], i.e., matter in its sindry forms that contain [[carbon]] [[atom]]s.<ref>http://portal.acs.org/portal/acs/corg/content?_nfpb=true&_pageLabel=PP_ARTICLEMAIN&node_id=1188&content_id=CTP_003397&use_sec=true&sec_url_var=region1&__uuid=a16a7573-04f6-430e-bab0-9b26dc69421d; accessed January 9, 2013.</ref><ref name="J. Clayden, N. Greeves 2012 pp. 1-15">J. Clayden, N. Greeves & S. Warren "Organic Chemistry" (Oxford University Press, 2012), pp. 1-15.</ref>

{{Taxobox
|name = Oxalidaceae
|image = Oxalis-regnellii-atropurpurea.jpg
|image_caption = ''Oxalis regnellii atropurpurea''
|regnum = [[Plant]]ae
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Rosids]]
|ordo = [[Oxalidales]]
|familia = '''Oxalidaceae'''
|familia_authority = [[Robert Brown (botanist)|R.Br.]]
|subdivision_ranks = Genera
|subdivision = ''[[Averrhoa]]''<br>
''[[Biophytum]]''<br>
''[[Eichleria]]''<br>
''[[Oxalis]]''
|}}

The '''Bastart Operator frae Hell''' (''BOFH''), is an imaginary rogue seestem admeenistrator that taks oot his anger on uisers (aft cried lossers), his colleagues, bosses an awbody that gets in his wey. 

{{Coord|22|00|N|80|00|W|display=title}}

'''Norte''' is Portuguese an Spaingie for north. The term mey refer tae:

| birth_place       = [[Morrison, Illinois]], U.S.
| nationality       = [[Unitit States]]
| death_date        = {{death date and age|mf=yes|1953|12|19|1868|3|22}}
| death_place       = [[San Marino, Californie]], U.S.
| field             = [[Pheesics]]
| workplaces        =
{{Plainlist |
* [[Varsity o Chicago]]
* [[California Institute of Technology]]
}}
| alma_mater        =
{{Plainlist |
* [[Oberlin College]]
* [[Columbia Varsity]]
}}
| thesis_title      = On the polarization of light emitted from the surfaces of incandescent solids and liquids.
| thesis_url        = http://clio.columbia.edu/catalog/1883118
| thesis_year       = 1895
| doctoral_advisor  =
{{Plainlist |
* [[Ogden Rood|Ogden Nicholas Rood]]<ref>Physics Tree profile [http://academictree.org/physics/peopleinfo.php?pid=22787 Robert A Millikan]</ref>
}}
| academic_advisors = [[Mihajlo Pupin]] <br>[[Albert A. Michelson]] <br>[[Walther Nernst]]
| doctoral_students =
{{Plainlist |
* [[Chung-Yao Chao]]
* [[Robley D. Evans (pheesicist)|Robley D. Evans]]
* [[Harvey Fletcher]]
* [[Charles Christian Lauritsen|C. C. Lauritsen]]
* [[William Hayward Pickering|William Pickering]]
* [[Ralph A. Sawyer]]
}}
| known_for         =
{{Plainlist |
* Chairge o the [[electron]]
* [[Photoelectric effect]]
* [[Cosmic ray]] pheesics
}}
| prizes            =
{{Plainlist |
* [[Comstock Prize in Pheesics|Comstock Prize]] {{small|(1913)}}<ref name=Comstock>
{{cite web
| title             = Comstock Prize in Physics
| url               = http://www.nasonline.org/site/PageServer?pagename=AWARDS_comstock
| publisher         = National Academy of Sciences
| accessdate        = February 13, 2011}}
</ref>
* [[IEEE Edison Medal]] {{small|(1922)}}
* [[Nobel Prize in Pheesics]] {{small|(1923)}}
* [[Hughes Medal]] {{small|(1923)}}
* [[Matteucci Medal]] <small>(1925)</small>
* [[ASME Medal]] {{small|(1926)}}
* [[Franklin Medal]] {{small|(1937)}}
* [[Oersted Medal]] {{small|(1940)}}
* [[Medal for Merit]] {{small|(1949)}}<ref name=Merit>
{{cite news 
| date              = March 22, 1949
| title             = Millikan, son, aide get medals of merit
| url               = http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1949/03/22/84201660.html?pageNumber=30
| newspaper         = New York Times 
| accessdate        = October 27, 2014}}
</ref>
}}
| spouse            = Greta {{née}} Blanchard
| children          = 
{{Plainlist |
* [[Clark Blanchard Millikan|Clark Blanchard]]
* [[Glenn Allan Millikan|Glenn Allan]]
* Max Franklin
}}                    
| module            = 
</ref>
| serviceyears      = 1917–1918
| rank              = [[Lieutenant Colonel (Unitit States)|Lieutenant Colonel]]
| unit               = [[Aviation Section, U.S. Signal Corps]]
| commands=
}}
| signature         = Robert Andrews Milliken signature.svg
}}
'''Robert Andrews Millikan''' (Mairch 22, 1868 – December 19, 1953) wis an American experimental [[pheesics|pheesicist]] honoured wi the [[Nobel Prize for Pheesics]] in 1923 for the meisurment o the [[Elementar chairge|elementar electronic chairge]] an for his wirk on the [[photoelectric effect]]. He wis a [[Congregational kirk|Congregationalist]].<ref name="Millikan 1929">{{Who's Who | volume=1920-1929 | year= 1929 | surname= Millikan | othernames=  Robert Andrews | id=U240788  | doi= 10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.U240788 |type=was}}
</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20060302191706/http://www.adherents.com/people/pm/Robert_Millikan.html The Religious Affiliation of Physicist Robert Andrews Millikan]. adherents.com</ref>
==References==
{{Reflist}}

]]
'''Tobruk''' or '''Tubruq''' {{IPA-en|tɵˈbrʊk|}} ({{lang-ar|طبرق}} ''Ţubruq''; an aw [[Transliteration|transliteratit]] as ''Tóbruch'', ''Tobruch'', ''Ţubruq'', ''Tobruck'' an ''Tubruk'') is a [[ceety]], [[seaport]], an [[peninsulae]] on [[Libie]]'s eastren [[Mediterranean Sea|Mediterranean]] coast, near the border wi [[Egyp]]. It is the caipital o the [[Butnan Destrict]] an haes a population o 120,000 (2011 est.).<ref name=TobBC>"Tobruk" (history), ''Encyclopædia Britannica'', 2006, Britannica Concise Encyclopedia, ''Concise.Britannica.com'' [http://concise.britannica.com/ebc/article-9380861/Tobruk BC-Tobruk] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080102054148/http://concise.britannica.com/ebc/article-9380861/Tobruk |date=2008-01-02 }}.</ref>

{{chembox
| Watchedfields = chynged
| verifiedrevid = 464361974
| Name = Potassium hydroxide
| ImageFile1 = Potassium hydroxide.jpg
| ImageSize1 = 200px
| ImageName1 = Pellets o potassium hydroxide
| ImageFile = Potassium-hydroxide-xtal-3D-vdW.png
| ImageName = Crystal structur o KOH
| ImageSize = 150px
| IUPACName = Potassium hydroxide
| OtherNames = Caustic potash, Potash lye, Potassia, Potassium hydrate
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = WZH3C48M4T
| InChI = 1/K.H2O/h;1H2/q+1;/p-1
| InChIKey = KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-REWHXWOFAT
| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEBI = 32035
| SMILES = [K+].[OH-]
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/K.H2O/h;1H2/q+1;/p-1
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M
| CASNo = 1310-58-3
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| PubChem = 14797
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 14113
| RTECS = TT2100000
| UNNumber = 1813
| EINECS = 215-181-3
}}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
| K=1|O=1|H=1
| Appearance = white solid, [[deliquescent]]
| Odor = odorless
| Density = 2.044 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (20 °C)<ref name=crc/><br> 2.12 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (25 °C)<ref name=chemister />
| Solubility = 85 g/100 g (-23.2 °C)<br> 97 g/100 mL (0 °C)<br> 121 g/100 mL (25 °C)<br> 138.3 g/100 mL (50 °C)<br> 162.9 g/100 mL (100 °C)<ref name=crc>{{RubberBible86th|page=4-80}}</ref><ref name=sioc>{{cite book|last = Seidell|first = Atherton|last2 = Linke|first2 = William F.|year = 1952|title = Solubilities of Inorganic and Organic Compounds|publisher = Van Nostrand|url = [http://books.google.com/books?id=k2e5AAAAIAAJ Google Books]|accessdate = 2014-05-29}}</ref>
| SolubleOther = soluble in [[alcohol]], [[glycerol]] <br> insoluble in [[ether]], liquid [[ammonia]]
| Solubility2 = 55 g/100 g (28 °C)<ref name=chemister />
| Solvent2 = methanol
| MeltingPtC = 406 
| BoilingPtC = 1327
| pKa = 13.5 (0.1 M)
| RefractIndex = 1.409 (20 °C)
}}
| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure
| Coordination =
| CrystalStruct =rhombohedral
}}
| Section4 = {{Chembox Thermochemistry
|   DeltaHf = -425.8 kJ/mol<ref name=b1>{{cite book| author = Zumdahl, Steven S.|title =Chemical Principles 6th Ed.| url = https://archive.org/details/chemicalprincipl0000zumd_u9g0| publisher = Houghton Mifflin Company| year = 2009| isbn = 0-618-94690-X|page=A22}}</ref><ref name=chemister>http://chemister.ru/Database/properties-en.php?dbid=1&id=325</ref>
|   Entropy = 79.32 J/mol·K<ref name=b1 /><ref name=chemister />
|   DeltaGf = -380.2 kJ/mol<ref name=chemister />
|   HeatCapacity = 65.87 J/mol·K<ref name=chemister />
 }}
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards
| ExternalMSDS = [http://www.inchem.org/documents/icsc/icsc/eics0357.htm ICSC 0357]
|   GHSPictograms = {{GHS05}}{{GHS07}}<ref name="sigma">{{Sigma-Aldrich|id=757551|name=Potassium hydroxide|accessdate=2014-05-18}}</ref>
| GHSSignalWord = Danger
|   HPhrases = {{H-phrases|302|314}}<ref name="sigma" />
|   PPhrases = {{P-phrases|280|305+351+338|310}}<ref name="sigma" />
| EUIndex = 019-002-00-8
| EUClass = {{Hazchem C}} {{Hazchem Xn}}
| RPhrases = {{R22}}, {{R35}}
| SPhrases = {{S1/2}}, {{S26}}, {{S36/37/39}}, {{S45}}
| NFPA-H = 3
| NFPA-F = 0
| NFPA-R = 1
| NFPA-O = 
| FlashPt = Non-flammable
| LD50 = 273 mg/kg (oral, rat)<ref>http://chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/rn/1310-58-3</ref>
}}
| Section8 = {{Chembox Related
| OtherAnions = [[Potassium hydrosulfide]]<br/>[[Potassium amide]]
| OtherCations = [[Lithium hydroxide]]<br/>[[Sodium hydroxide]]<br/>[[Rubidium hydroxide]]<br/>[[Caesium hydroxide]]
| OtherCpds = [[Potassium oxide]]
}}
}}
'''Potassium hydroxide''' is an [[inorganic compoond]] wi the formula [[potassium|K]][[hydroxide|OH]], commonly cried '''caustic [[potash]]'''.

{{fixscots|date=Julie 2021}}

The '''Honda Beat''' is a [[MR layoot|rear mid-ingine]]d twa-seat [[roadster]] [[kei caur]] produced frae in Mey 1991 tae Februar 1996. The Beat wis the last caur tae be approved bi [[Soichiro Honda]] afore he dee'd in 1991. The tot nummer o caurs produced wis aroond 33,600. Maist o the production (aroond twa-thirds) occurred in the first year, an then production an sales fell drastically. The design o the caur oreeginatit frae [[Pininfarina]], who then sauld the design plan tae Honda. The Beat wis ane o mony caurs designed tae tak advantage o Japan's tax-efficient K class.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.classiccarsforsale.co.uk/classic-car-marques.php/marque/102 |title=Archived copy |access-date=2010-12-04 |archive-date=2008-10-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081004233332/http://www.classiccarsforsale.co.uk/classic-car-marques.php/marque/102 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

instead -->
| type                    = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment]]
| image_skyline           = 
| image_alt               = 
| image_caption           = 
| image_flag              = 
| flag_alt                = 
| image_shield            = Blason département fr Maine-et-Loire.svg
| shield_alt              = 
| nickname                = 
| motto                   = 
| image_map               = Maine-et-Loire-Position.svg
| map_alt                 = 
| map_caption             = Location o Maine-et-Loire in Fraunce
| pushpin_map             = 
| pushpin_label_position  = 
| pushpin_map_alt         = 
| pushpin_map_caption     = 
| coordinates             = {{coord|47|27|N|0|36|E|region:FR_type:adm2nd|display=inline}}
| coor_pinpoint           = 
| coordinates_footnotes   = 
| subdivision_type        = [[Leet o kintras|Kintra]]
| subdivision_name        = [[France]]
| subdivision_type1       = [[Regions o Fraunce|Region]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[Pays de la Loire]]
| established_title       = 
| established_date        = 
| founder                 = 
| seat_type               = [[Prefecturs in Fraunce|Prefectur]]
| seat                    = [[Angers]]
| parts_type              = [[Subprefecturs in Fraunce|Subprefecturs]]
| parts_style             = para
| p1                      = [[Cholet]]<br>[[Saumur]]<br>[[Segré]]
| government_footnotes    = 
| leader_party            = [[Union for a Popular Muivement|UMP]]
| leader_title            = [[Preses o the general cooncil|Preses o the General Cooncil]]
| leader_name             = [[Christophe Béchu]]
| unit_pref               = Metric<!-- or US or UK -->
| area_magnitude          = 
| area_footnotes          = {{ref|area|1}}
| area_total_km2          = 7166
| area_note               = 
| elevation_footnotes     = 
| elevation_m             = 
| elevation_min_m         = 
| elevation_max_m         = 
| population_footnotes    = 
| population_total        = 732942
| population_as_of        = 1999
| population_rank         = [[Leet o French depairtments bi population|27t]]
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_demonym      = 
| population_note         = 
| blank_name_sec1         = [[Depairtments o Fraunce|Depairtment number]]
| blank_info_sec1         = 49
| blank_name_sec2         = [[Arrondissements o Fraunce|Arrondissements]]
| blank_info_sec2         = [[arrondissements o the Maine-et-Loire depairtment|4]]
| blank1_name_sec2        = [[Cantons in Fraunce|Cantons]]
| blank1_info_sec2        = [[cantons o the Maine-et-Loire depairtment|41]]
| blank2_name_sec2        = [[Communes in Fraunce|Communes]]
| blank2_info_sec2        = [[communes o the Maine-et-Loire depairtment|363]]
| timezone1               = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset1             = +1
| timezone1_DST           = [[Central European Simmer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset1_DST         = +2
| postal_code_type        = 
| postal_code             = 
| area_code_type          = 
| area_code               = 
| iso_code                = 
| website                 = 
| footnotes               = {{note|area|1}} French Land Register data, which exclude [[estuary|estuaries]], an lakes, ponds, an glaciers lairger than 1 km<sup>2</sup>
}}
'''Maine-et-Loire''' ({{IPA-fr|mɛn.e.lwaʁ}}) is a [[depairtments o Fraunce|depairtment]] in wast-central [[Fraunce]], in the [[Pays de la Loire]] region.

at [[Munt Wilson Observatory]] near [[Los Angeles]], Californie.]]
A '''telescope''' is an instrument that aids in the observation o remote objects bi collectin [[electromagnetic radiation]] (sic as [[veesible licht]]). The first kent practical telescopes wur invented in the [[Netherlands]] at the beginnin o the 17t century, uisin gless lenses. Thay foond uise in terrestrial applications an astronomy.

|birth_place  = [[Venice]], [[Republic o Venice]]
|death_date   = {{death date and age|df=yes|1471|7|26|1417|2|23}}
|death_place  = [[Roum]], [[Papal States]]
|other        = Paul
}}
'''Pape Paul II''' ({{lang-la|Paulus II}}; 23 Februar 1417 – 26 Julie 1471), born '''Pietro Barbo''', wis [[Pape]] frae 30 August 1464 tae his daith in 1471.

'''Anjou''' ({{IPA-fr|ɑ̃ʒu}}; {{lang-la|Andegavia}}) is an umwhile [[kinrick o Fraunce|French]] [[coonty]] (in that it wis ruled bi a coont, frae {{c.|880}}), [[duchy]] (1360), an [[Provinces o Fraunce|province]].

'''HyperText Markup Language''' ('''HTML''') is a markup leid uised tae create documents intendit tae bi accessed wae a [[wab brouser]]. HTML is a wab staundart<ref name="W3Standards">{{cite web |url=https://www.w3.org/standards/ |title=Standards – W3C |website=W3C |access-date=September 11, 2020}}</ref> and is aften uised alangside ither wab staundarts includin Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) and [[JavaScript]]. HTML documents that are available on the [[Warld Wide Wab]] are commonly kent as wab pages.

Flicht Suit Buits]]
A '''buit''' is a kynd o [[fitweir]] that pertects the [[fit (body pairt)|fit]] an [[anklet]]. Buits are heicher an lairger nor [[shae|shuin]] an [[sandal]]s. Some buits are heich eneuch for tae pertect the [[leg|brawns]] (lawer pairt o the leg) tae. Some buits are haudden on wi ''buitstraps'' or ''buitlacers''. Some hae '''spats''' or ''gaiters'' an aw, for tae keep oot watter. Maist hae a verra strang ''buit sole'', the bottom pairt o a buit.
{{Commonscat|Boots}}

| elevation_m            = 148
| postal_code_type       = [[Postal code]]
| postal_code            = 09100-09117
| area_code              = (+380) 4563
| registration_plate     = AI/10
| website                = http://www.bilatserkva.info/
| footnotes              = 
}}
'''Bila Tserkva''' ({{lang-uk|Біла Церква}}, {{lang-pl|Biała Cerkiew}}, {{lang-ru|Белая Церковь, ''Belaya Tserkov''}}, leeterally ''White Kirk'') is a ceety in central [[Ukraine]], the lairgest [[Ceety|ceety]] in [[Kiev Oblast]].<ref>(efter [[Kiev]] which is the admeenistrative center, but nae pairt o the oblast)</ref>

{{fixscots}}
{{automatic taxobox
|image = Saxifraga cochlearis1.jpg
|image_caption = ''[[Saxifraga cochlearis]]''
|taxon = Saxifraga
|authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]
|subdivision_ranks = [[Section (botany)|Section]]s
|subdivision =
*''[[Saxifraga sect. Ciliatae|Ciliatae]]''
*''[[Saxifraga sect. Cotylea|Cotylea]]''
*''[[Saxifraga sect. Cymbalaria|Cymbalaria]]''
*''[[Saxifraga sect. Gymnopera|Gymnopera]]''
*''[[Saxifraga sect. Heterisia|Heterisia]]''
*''[[Saxifraga sect. Irregulares|Irregulares]]''
*''[[Saxifraga sect. Ligulatae|Ligulatae]]''
*''[[Saxifraga sect. Mesogyne|Mesogyne]]''
*''[[Saxifraga sect. Odontophyllae|Odontophyllae]]''
*''[[Saxifraga sect. Porphyrion|Porphyrion]]''
*''[[Saxifraga sect. Saxifraga|Saxifraga]]''
*''[[Saxifraga sect. Trachyphyllum|Trachyphyllum]]''
*''[[Saxifraga sect. Xanthizoon|Xanthizoon]]''
|synonyms = ''Boecherarctica'' <small>[[Áskell Löve|Á.Löve]]</small><br />
''Cascadia'' <small>A.M.Johnson</small><br />
''Micranthes'' <small>Haw.</small><br />
''Zahlbrucknera'' <small>Rchb.</small>
|synonyms_ref = &nbsp;<ref name = usda2005>{{cite web |publisher=[[United States Department of Agriculture]] |date=February 9, 2005 |work=[[Germplasm Resources Information Network]] |url=http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/genus.pl?10791 |title=''Saxifraga'' L. |accessdate=January 20, 2009 |archive-date=2009-01-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090115065059/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/genus.pl?10791 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
}}
'''''Saxifraga''''' is the lairgest [[genus]] in the faimily [[Saxifragaceae]], conteenin aboot 440 [[speshies]] o [[holarctic]] [[perennial plant]]s, kent as '''stane-braks'''.

<!--This looks 100% like cassia, not cinnamon (despite what the name of the file is-->

{{Geobox|[[Destricts o Libie|Destrict]]
|country = {{flag|Libie}}
|country_flag = true
|name = Misrata
|flag = 
|native_name =مصراته
|map = Shabiat Misratah since 2007.png
|map_caption = Map o Libie wi Misrata destrict heichlichtit
|map_size=220
|capital = [[Misrata]]
|population_as_of =2006
|population = 550938	
|population_note=<ref name="statoids">{{cite web |url=http://statoids.com/uly.html |title=Districts of Libya|publisher= statoids.com |accessdate= 27 October 2009}}</ref>
|population_density= 
|area = 
|area_note =
}}

}}|{{native name|fr|Confédération suisse}}|{{native name|it|Confederazione Svizzera}}|{{native name|rm|Confederaziun svizra}}|{{native name|la|Confoederatio Helvetica}}}}
|image_flag = Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg{{!}}x95px
|image_coat = Coat of Arms of Switzerland (Pantone).svg
|national_motto = {{small|(tradeetional)}}<br/>{{native phrase|la|"[[Unus pro omnibus, omnes pro uno]]"|italics=off}}<br/>{{small|"Ane for aw, aw for ane"}}
|national_anthem = "[[Swiss Psalm]]"<br/><center></center>
|image_map = Europe-Switzerland.svg
|map_caption = {{map caption |location_color=green |country={{nobold|Switzerland}} |region=[[Europe]] |region_color=green & dark grey}}
|capital = None {{small|(''[[de jure]]'')}}<br/>[[Bern]] {{small|(''[[de facto]]'')}}<ref group=note>''[[De jure]]'' "federal ceety"; ''[[de facto]]'' caipital. Due tae historical [[Federalism|federalist]] sensibilities, Swiss law disna designate a formal caipital; an some federal institutions such as coorts are locatit in ither ceeties.</ref><ref name="Bundesstadt">{{HDS|10102|Federal city|author=Georg Kreis|date=20 March 2015}}</ref><ref name=deFacto>{{cite journal |title=Die Hauptstadt existiert nicht |type=scientific article |last=Holenstein |first=André |volume=152 (Sonderfall Hauptstatdtregion) |journal=UniPress – Forschung und Wissenschaft an der Universität Bern |publisher=Department Communication, University of Berne |location=Berne |year=2012 |pages=16–19 |language=German |doi=10.7892/boris.41280 |quote=Als 1848 ein politisch-administratives Zentrum für den neuen Bundesstaat zu bestimmen war, verzichteten die Verfassungsväter darauf, eine Hauptstadt der Schweiz zu bezeichnen und formulierten stattdessen in Artikel 108: «Alles, was sich auf den Sitz der Bundesbehörden bezieht, ist Gegenstand der Bundesgesetzgebung.» Die Bundesstadt ist also nicht mehr und nicht weniger als der Sitz der Bundesbehörden. }}</ref>
|coordinates = {{Coord|46|57|N|7|27|E|type:city}}
|largest_city = [[Zürich]]
|official_languages = [[German leid|German]]<br>[[French leid|French]]<br>[[Italian leid|Italian]]<br>[[Romansh leid|Romansh]]
|demonym = {{lang-sco|[[Swiss fowk|Swiss]]}},<br/>{{lang-de|Schweizer(in)}},<br/>{{lang-fr|Suisse(sse)}},<br/>{{lang-it|svizzero/svizzera, or elvetico/elvetica}},<br/>{{lang-rm|Svizzer/Svizra}}
|government_type = [[Federation|Federal]] semi-direct democracy unner [[Multi-pairty seestem|multi-pairty]] [[pairlamentary seestem|pairlamentary]] [[Directorial seestem|directorial republic]]
|leader_title1 = [[Swiss Federal Cooncil|Federal Cooncil]]
|leader_name1 =
 {{unbulleted list
 <!--Ordered by seniority:-->
 | [[Viola Amherd]] {{small|([[Preses o the Swiss Confederation|Preses]])}}
| [[Karin Keller-Sutter]] {{small|(Vice Preses)}}
 | [[Guy Parmelin]]
 | [[Ignazio Cassis]] 
 | [[Albert Rösti]]
 | [[Elisabeth Baume-Schneider]]
 | [[Beat Jans]]
 }}
|leader_title2 = {{nowrap|[[Federal Chancellor o Swisserland|Federal Chancellor]]}}
|leader_name2 = [[Viktor Rossi]]
|legislature = [[Federal Assembly (Swisserland)|Federal Assembly]]
|upper_house = [[Cooncil o States (Swisserland)|Cooncil o States]]
|lower_house = [[Naitional Cooncil (Swisserland)|Naitional Cooncil]]
|sovereignty_type = [[History o Swisserland|History]]
|established_event1 = [[Foondation o the Auld Swiss Confederacy|Foondation date]]
|established_date1 = {{circa|1300}}<ref group=note>The oreeginal date o the [[Rütlischwur]] wis 1307 (reportit bi [[Aegidius Tschudi]] in the 16t century) an is juist ane amang several comparable treaties atween mair or less the same pairties during that period. The date o the [[Federal Charter o 1291]] wis selectit in 1891 for the offeecial celebration o the "Confederacy's 600t anniversary".</ref> (tradeetionally 1 August 1291)
|established_event2 = [[Peace o Westphalie]]
|established_date2 = 24 October 1648
|established_event3 = [[Restoration (Swisserland)|Restoration]]
|established_date3 = 7 August 1815
|established_event4 = [[Switzerland as a federal state|Federal state]]
|established_date4 = 12 September 1848<ref group=note>A solemn declaration o the [[Tagsatzung]] declared the Federal Constitution adoptit on 12 September 1848. A resolution o the ''Tagsatzung'' o 14 September 1848 specifee'd that the pouers o the institutions providit for bi the 1815 Federal Treaty would expire at the time o the [[constitution]] o the [[Swiss Federal Council|Federal Council]], which took place on 16 November 1848.</ref><ref>{{HDS|9811|Federal constitution|date=3 May 2011|author=Andreas Kley}}</ref>
|area_km2 = 41,285
|area_rank = 135t
|area_sq_mi = 15,940 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]-->
|percent_water = 4.2
|population_estimate = {{formatnum:{{#expr: 8327126+2*(8364123-8327126) round 0}}}}<ref>{{cite web |trans-title=Recent monthly and quarterly figures: provisional data |url=https://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/de/home/statistiken/bevoelkerung/stand-entwicklung.gnpdetail.2016-0559.html |title=Bevölkerungsbestand am Ende des 2. Quartals 2016 |date=6 October 2016 |id=1155-1500 |publisher=Swiss Federal Statistical Office (FSO), Swiss Confederation |location=Neuchâtel, Switzerland |language=de, fr,it |format=XLS |type=official statistics |accessdate=7 December 2016}}</ref>
|population_census = 8,327,126<ref name=PopCensus>{{cite report |url=https://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/en/home/statistics/population.assetdetail.1401565.html |title=Switzerland's population 2015 |date=22 November 2016 |editors=Jacqueline Kucera, Athena Krummenacher |series=Swiss Statistics |issue=01 Population  |publisher=Swiss Federal Statistical Office (FSO), Swiss Confederation |location=Neuchâtel, Switzerland |format=PDF |type=official report |accessdate=7 December 2016}}</ref>
|population_estimate_year = 2016
|population_estimate_rank = 99th
|population_census_year = 2015
|population_density_km2 = {{#expr: 8327126/41285 round 0}}
|population_density_rank = 63rd
|GDP_PPP = $493.126 billion<ref name=imf2>{{cite web |url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2016/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=2014&ey=2021&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&pr1.x=55&pr1.y=13&c=146&s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a= |title=5. Report for Selected Countries and Subjects: Switzerland |publisher=International Monetary Fund |location=Washington, DC, U.S. |accessdate=7 December 2016}}</ref>
|GDP_PPP_year = 2016
|GDP_PPP_rank = 39t
|GDP_PPP_per_capita = $59,150<ref name=imf2/>
|GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 9t
|GDP_nominal = $651.770 billion<ref name=imf2/>
|GDP_nominal_year = 2016
|GDP_nominal_rank = 19th
|GDP_nominal_per_capita = $78,179<ref name=imf2/>
|GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 2nt
|Gini = 29.5 <!--number only-->
|Gini_year = 2015
|Gini_change = <!--increase/decrease/steady-->decrease
|Gini_ref = <ref>{{cite web |title=Gini coefficient of equivalised disposable income – EU-SILC survey |url=http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=ilc_di12 |date=15 November 2016 |publisher=European Commission |location=Brussels, Belgium |type=Eurostat Data Explorer |accessdate=7 December 2016 |archive-date=2016-03-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304045123/http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=ilc_di12 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|Gini_rank = 19th
|HDI = 0.939 <!--number only-->
|HDI_year = 2015<!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year-->
|HDI_change = increase<!--increase/decrease/steady-->
|HDI_ref = <ref name="HDI">{{cite web |url=http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/2016_human_development_report.pdf |title=2016 Human Development Report |year=2016 |accessdate=25 March 2017 |publisher=United Nations Development Programme}}</ref>
|HDI_rank = 2nt
|currency = [[Swiss franc]]
|currency_code = CHF
|time_zone = [[Central European Time|CET]]
|utc_offset = +1
|utc_offset_DST = +2
|time_zone_DST = [[Central European Simmer Time|CEST]]
|date_format = dd.mm.yyyy ([[AD]])
|drives_on = right
|calling_code = [[+41]]
|patron_saint = [[Nicholas o Flüe|St Nicholas o Flüe]]
|iso3166code = CH
|cctld = [[.ch]]
|official_website = {{URL|https://www.admin.ch}}
|area_magnitude = 1 E10
}}

<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xfHuVMHEavc|title=ANXIETY: Ib Playthrough #4|publisher=YouTube|accessdate=July 6, 2014}}</ref>
| birth_place   = [[O'ahu]], [[Hawaii]]
| origin        = [[Cincinnati, Ohio]]
| nationality   = [[United States|American]]
| alma_mater    = [[University of Cincinnati]]
| occupation    = [[comedian]], [[internet personality]], video game commentator
| residence     = [[Los Angeles, California|Los Angeles]], [[Californie|California]]
| years_active  = 2011–present
| employer      = [[Maker Studios]]
| known_for     = "[[Let's Play (video gaming)|Let's Play]]" videos
| website       = {{url|youtube.com/markiplierGAME}}
| module        =

{{italic title}}
{{Taxobox
| image = Virginia Creeper plant.jpg
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
| unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
| unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
| unranked_ordo = [[Rosids]]
| ordo = [[Vitales]]
| familia = [[Vitaceae]]
| genus = ''[[Parthenocissus]]''
| species = '''''P. quinquefolia'''''
| binomial = ''Parthenocissus quinquefolia''
| binomial_authority = ([[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]]) [[Jules Émile Planchon|Planch.]]
| synonyms = ''Ampelopsis hederacea'' <small>[[Jakob Friedrich Ehrhart| Ehrh.]]</small><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.gardenvisit.com/book/a_treatise_on_the_theory_and_practice_of_landscape_gardening_adapted_to_north_america1841/section_vi_vines_and_climbing_plants/virginia_creeper_ampelopsis_hederacea_parthenocissus_quinquefolia|title=Virginia Creeper Ampelopsis hederacea Parthenocissus quinquefolia|publisher=Gardenvisit.com|accessdate=May 3, 2013}}</ref><br/>
''Ampelopsis quinquefolia'' <small>[[André Michaux| Michx.]]</small>}}

{{taxobox
|image = Wiesensalbei 1.jpg
|image_caption = Meadow Sage (''[[Salvia pratensis|S. pratensis]]'')
|regnum = [[Plant]]ae
|unranked_divisio = [[Flouerin plant|Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Asterids]]
|ordo = [[Lamiales]]
|familia = [[Lamiaceae]]
|subfamilia = [[Nepetoideae]] 
|tribus = [[Mentheae]]
|genus = '''''Salvia'''''
|genus_authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]<ref name="GRIN">{{cite web |url=http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/genus.pl?10674 |title=''Salvia'' L. |work=Germplasm Resources Information Network |publisher=United States Department of Agriculture |date=2004-09-10 |accessdate=2009-12-15 |archive-date=2009-08-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826233128/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/genus.pl?10674 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|subdivision_ranks = Species
|subdivision = see [[Leet o Salvia species|Leet o ''Salvia'' species]]
|}}
'''''Salvia''''' is the lairgest [[genus]] o plants in the [[Mentha|mint]] faimily, [[Lamiaceae]], wi nearly 1000 species o  [[shrub]]s, [[yerbaceous plant|yerbaceous]] [[perennial plant|perennials]], an [[annual plant|annuals]].<ref name="Walker">{{cite journal |last1=Walker |first1=J. B. |last2=Sytsma |first2=K. J. |last3=Treutlein |first3=J. |last4=Wink |first4=M. |title=Salvia (Lamiaceae) is not monophyletic: implications for the systematics, radiation, and ecological specializations of Salvia and tribe Mentheae |journal=American Journal of Botany |volume=91 |pages=1115–25 |year=2004 |doi=10.3732/ajb.91.7.1115 |pmid=21653467 |issue=7}}</ref><ref name="Sutton">{{cite book|last=Sutton|first=John|title=The Gardener's Guide to Growing Salvias|publisher=Workman Publishing Company|year=2004|page=17|isbn=978-0-88192-671-2}}</ref><ref name="Clebsch">{{cite book|last1=Clebsch|first1=Betsy|last2=Barner|first2=Carol D.|title=The New Book of Salvias|publisher=Timber Press|year=2003|page=18|isbn=978-0-88192-560-9|url=http://books.google.com/?id=NM0iwB8GrQYC&pg=PA18}}</ref>

|timezone = [[Eastren European Time|EET]]
 |utc_offset = +2
 |map_caption = Location o Kayseri athin Turkey.
 |timezone_DST = [[Eastren European Simmer Time|EEST]]
 |utc_offset_DST = +3
 |official_name = Kayseri
 |image_skyline = Kayseri Turkey.jpg
 |image_caption = A view frae central Kayseri
 |image_blank_emblem = 
 |blank_emblem_type = 
 | subdivision_type1 = [[Regions o Turkey|Region]]|
subdivision_name1 = [[Central Anatolie Region|Central Anatolie]]
 |subdivision_type2 = [[Provinces o Turkey|Province]]|
subdivision_name2 = Kayseri
 | population_metro =  1.064.164
 |population_urban =
 |population_as_of = 2010
 |population_footnotes = <ref name=ks2010>http://report.tuik.gov.tr/reports/rwservlet?adnks {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111004070203/http://report.tuik.gov.tr/reports/rwservlet?adnks |date=2011-10-04 }} = &report = turkiye_il_koy_sehir.RDF&p_kod = 1&desformat = html&ENVID = adnksEnv (TÜİK)</ref>
 |population_density_km2 = 
 |area_total_km2 = 
 |elevation_m = 1050
 |pushpin_map = Turkey
 |pushpin_label_position = <!-- the position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none -->
 |pushpin_map_caption = Location o Kayseri, Turkey
 |pushpin_mapsize = 
 |coordinates = {{coord|38|44|N|35|29|E|region:TR|display=inline}}
 |postal_code_type = [[Postal code]]|
postal_code = 38x xx
 |blank_info = 38|blank_name = [[Turkis caur number plates|Licence&nbsp;plate]]|
 area_code = (+90) 352
 |leader_title = Mayor
 |leader_name = Mehmet Özhaseki ([[Juistice an Development Pairty (Turkey)|AKP]]) 
 |website = [http://www.kayseri.bel.tr www.kayseri.bel.tr] <br>[http://www.kayseri.gov.tr www.kayseri.gov.tr]
}}

[[Kinrick o Great Breetain|Breetish]] colonies on the east coast o [[North Americae]] issued a [[Unitit States Declaration o Unthirldom|Declaration o Unthirldom]] in 1776]]
'''Unthirldom''' ({{lang-en|Independence}}) is a condeetion o a [[naition]], [[kintra]], or [[Sovereign state|state]] in which its residents an population, or some portion thereof, exercise [[sel-govrenment]], an uisually [[sovereignty]], ower the territory.

{{unreferenced}}
The wird '''homosexuality''' haes been uised tae mean mony different things ower the coorse o history. Ilka uiss o the wird is relatit tae the state o bein smitten wi fowk o the same sex or [[gender]]. It haes been uised tae mean thochts or actions in the airt o the same sex or gender regairdin ane or mair o: aesthetic attraction, sexual attraction or luve. The relatit wird "homosexual" means either "a bodie that practises homosexuality" or "pertainin tae homosexuality".  Mind that homosexuality is contrastit tae [[heterosexuality]], or straightness.

{{fixscots}}
{{stub/Politics}}
A '''cult o personality''' arises when an individual uises [[mass media]], [[propaganda]], or ither methods, tae create an idealized an heroic public image, aften through unquestionin flattery an praise.<ref>[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/146119/cult-of-personality Cult of personality]. Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved June 25, 2009.</ref> Cults o personality are uisually associatit wi [[dictatorship]]s. The [[sociologist]] [[Max Weber]] developed a [[tripartite classification o authority]]; the ''cult o personality'' haulds parallels wi what Weber defined as '[[charismatic authority]]'.

{{chembox
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 477167440
| Name = <small>D</small>-Fructose
| ImageFileL1 = Skeletal Structure of Cyclic D-Fructose.svg
|   ImageSizeL1 = 120px
|   ImageNameL1 = D-Fructofuranose
| ImageFileR1 = D-Fructose.svg
|   ImageSizeR1 = 60px
| ImageFile2 = Skeletal Structure of D-Fructose.svg
|   ImageSize2 = 220px
| IUPACName = Fructose
| SystematicName = 1,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhex-2-one
|   OtherNames = fruit succar,<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://mw4.m-w.com/dictionary/fructose |title=Fructose - Merriam Webster dictionary |access-date=2013-07-18 |archive-date=2013-06-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130605000940/http://mw4.m-w.com/dictionary/fructose |url-status=dead }}</ref> levulose,<ref>Levulose comes from the Latin word laevus, [[levo]], "left side", levulose is the old word for the most occurring [[isomer]] of fructose. D-fructose rotate plane-polarised light to the left, hence the name.[http://www.monashscientific.com.au/Levulose.htm].</ref> D-fructofuranose, D-fructose, D-arabino-hexulose
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
|   ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 388775
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = 6YSS42VSEV
| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEMBL = 604608
| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}}
| KEGG = C02336
| InChI = 1/C6H12O6/c7-1-3-4(9)5(10)6(11,2-8)12-3/h3-5,7-11H,1-2H2/t3-,4-,5+,6-/m1/s1
| InChIKey = RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXBD
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/C6H12O6/c7-1-3-4(9)5(10)6(11,2-8)12-3/h3-5,7-11H,1-2H2/t3-,4-,5+,6-/m1/s1
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N
| CASNo = 57-48-7
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| PubChem = 11769129
| EC-number = 200-333-3
| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEBI = 28645
| SMILES = O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@H](O[C@]1(O)CO)CO
| ATCCode_prefix = V06
| ATCCode_suffix = DC02
}}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
|  C=6|H=12|O=6
|  Density = 1.694 g/cm<sup>3</sup>
|  MeltingPtC = 103
  }}
}}
'''Fructose''', or '''fruit succar''', is a semple [[monosaccharide]] foond in mony plants, whaur it is eften linkit tae [[glucose]] furmin [[sucrose]]. It is ane o the three dietary monosaccharides, alang wi glucose an [[galactose]], that are absorbed directly intae the bluidstream durin [[digestion]]. Fructose wis discovered bi French chemist [[Augustin-Pierre Dubrunfaut]] in 1847.<ref>Fruton, J.S. Molecules of Life 1972, Wiley-Interscience</ref> Pure, dry fructose is a very sweet, white, odorless, crystalline solit an is the maist watter-soluble o aw the succars.<ref Name=Hyvonen&Koivistoinen1982>{{Cite book |year=1982 |author=Hyvonen, L., & Koivistoinen, P |chapter=Fructose in Food Systems |editor=Birch, G.G. & Parker, K.J |title=Nutritive Sweeteners |url=https://archive.org/details/nutritivesweeten0000unse |pages=[https://archive.org/details/nutritivesweeten0000unse/page/133 133]–144 |place=London & New Jersey |publisher=Applied Science Publishers |isbn=0-85334-997-5 |postscript=<!--None-->}}</ref>
Frae plant soorces, fructose is foond in [[honey]], tree an vine fruits, flouers, [[berries]], an maist ruit vegetables. In plants, fructose mey be present as the monosaccharide or as a molecular component o [[sucrose]], which is a [[disaccharide]].

{{fixscots}}
|country=Ingland|location=[[Hinkley Point]], [[Somerset]], [[Sooth Wast Ingland]]|status=Decommissioned|construction_began=1957|commissioned=1965|decommissioned=2000|owner=[[Central Electricity Generating Board]]<br>(''1965–1989'')<br>[[Nuclear Electric]]<br>(''1989–1996'')<br>[[Magnox Electric]] <br>(''1996-2005'')<br>[[Nuclear Decommissioning Authority]]<br>(''2005-Present'')|operator=[[Magnox Ltd]]|ps_units_manu_model=[[English Electric]]|ps_units_decommissioned=2 x 250 [[MWe]] (Net. 235 [[MWe]]) <ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.iaea.org/pris/CountryStatistics/ReactorDetails.aspx?current=271| title = IAEA PRIS| accessdate = 14 Oct 2014| archive-date = 2018-01-12| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180112160341/https://www.iaea.org/pris/CountryStatistics/ReactorDetails.aspx?current=271| url-status = dead}}</ref>|ps_electrical_capacity=500 [[MWe]]|ps_thermal_capacity=2 x 960 [[MWt]] (Gross)|ps_annual_generation=3,261 GW·h (1994)|website={{URL|http://www.magnoxsites.co.uk/site/hinkley-point-a/}}|extra={{gbmapping|ST211460}}}}

{{fixscots|date=October 2020}}

5M in the [[North Sea]] aff the coast o [[Belgium]].]]
A '''wind turbine''' is a device that converts [[kinetic energy]] frae the [[wind pouer|wind intae electrical pouer]]. A wind turbine uised for chargin batteries mey be referred tae as a '''wind charger'''.

'''Kunming''' ({{pron-en|ˌkʊnˈmɪŋ}}; {{zh
|c=昆明
|p=Kūnmíng
|w=K'un-ming}}, {{IPA-cmn|kʰúnmǐŋ|pron}}; [[UN/LOCODE]]: <code>CNKMG</code>) is a [[prefectur-level ceety]] an caipital o [[Yunnan]] province, in [[soothwastren Cheenae]]. It is the poleetical, economic, communications an cultural centre o Yunnan, an is the seat o the provincial govrenment. It is an aa hame tae several universities, museums, galleries an ither important economic, cultural, an educational institutions. The heidquarters o mony o Yunnan's muckle businesses are in Kunming as well. It wis important durin [[Warld War II]] as a Cheenese militar center, [[Unitit States|American]] air base, an transport terminus for the [[Burma Road]]. Locatit in the middle o the [[Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau]], Kunming is locatit at an altitude o 1,900 m abuin sea level an at a [[latitude]] juist north o the [[Tropic o Cancer]]. It covers an aurie o 21,501 square kilometres (8,302 sq mi) an its urban aurie covers 6,200 square kilometres (2,390 sq mi). Kunming haes an estimatit population o 5,740,000 includin 3,055,000 in the urban aurie an is locatit at the northren edge o the muckle [[Lake Dian]], surroondit bi temples an lake-an-[[limestane]] hill landscapes.

{{fixscots}}

typeface, based on the letter forms o capitalis monumentalis or [[Roman square caipitals]], as uised for the inscription at the base o [[Trajan's Column]] frae which the typeface taks its name]]
'''Typografie''' (frae the [[Greek leid|Greek]] wirds τύπος ''typos'' "form" an γράφειν ''graphein'' "tae write") is the airt an technique o [[typesettin|arrangin type]] tae mak [[written leid]] maist appealin tae learnin an recogneetion.

482
| birth_place        = [[Tauresium]], [[Dardania (Europe)|Dardania]],<ref>''Britannica Concise Encyclopedia'', Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 2008, ISBN 1593394926, [http://books.google.bg/books?id=ea-bAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA1007&dq=tauresium+dardania&hl=bg&sa=X&ei=RcSRUojUOIidtQae1ICQDg&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false p. 1007.]</ref> then part of [[Diocese of Dacia]] (in today's [[Republic of Macedonia]]<ref>''History of the Later Roman Empire from Arcadius to Irene'', Volume 2, J. B. Bury, Cosimo, Inc., 2008, ISBN 1605204056, [http://books.google.bg/books?id=wDIJNvWb48YC&pg=PA7&dq=tauresium+dacia&hl=bg&sa=X&ei=FceRUp6eDMjvswac_YAo&ved=0CDwQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false p. 7.]</ref>)

{{about|the chemical element}}

{{unsoorced}}
'''Sociologie''' (or '''sociology''') is the studie o [[societie]]s an whit wey [[fowk]] acts in groups. Sociologie is a [[social science]].

'''Allende''' is a Spainyie wird o Laitin oreegin meanin "ayont" or "besides". It is a [[Basque fowk|Basque]] [[Basque surnames|surname]] an aw.

{{fixscots}}
{{taxobox
|name = Celery
|image = Illustration Apium graveolens0.jpg
|regnum = [[Plantae]]
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Asterids]]
|ordo = [[Apiales]]
|familia = [[Apiaceae]]
|genus = ''[[Apium]]''
|species = '''''A. graveolens'''''
|binomial = ''Apium graveolens''
|binomial_authority = L.
|synonyms =
* ''Apium graveolens'' subsp. ''dulce'' (Mill.) Schübl. & G. Martens
|synonyms_ref =<ref>{{cite web| url= http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?102051| title= Taxon: ''Apium graveolens''| work= U.S. National Plant Germplasm System| publisher= Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), Agricultural Research Service (ARS), US Department of Agriculture (USDA)| accessdate= March 31, 2016| archive-date= 2015-09-24| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150924132410/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?102051| url-status= dead}}</ref>
}}
'''Celery''' (''Apium graveolens'') is a mairshland plant in the faimily [[Apiaceae]] that has been cultivatit as a [[vegetable]] syne antiquity. Celery haes a lang fibrous stalk taperin intae leaves. Dependin on location an cultivar, either its stalks, leaves, or [[hypocotyl]] are eaten an uised in cuikin.

{{taxobox
|name = ''Amaranthus''
|image = Amaranthus tricolor0.jpg
|image_caption = ''[[Amaranthus tricolor|A. tricolor]]''
|regnum = [[Plant]]ae
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Core eudicots]]
|ordo = [[Caryophyllales]]
|familia = [[Amaranthaceae]]
|subfamilia = [[Amaranthoideae]]
|genus = '''''Amaranthus'''''
|genus_authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]
|subdivision_ranks = Species
|subdivision = See text
}}
'''''Amaranthus''''', collectively kent as '''amaranth''',<ref>{{Cite web|title = Amaranthaceae {{!}} plant family|url = http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/18481/Amaranthaceae#ref230955|accessdate = 2015-06-02}}</ref> is a [[cosmopolitan distribution|cosmopolitan]] [[genus]] o [[annual plant|annual]] or short-lived [[perennial plant]]s. Some amaranth species are cultivatit as [[leaf vegetable]]s, [[pseudocereal]]s, an [[ornamental plant]]s.

{{chembox
| Name = Calcium oxide
| ImageFile = Calcium-oxide-3D-vdW.png
| ImageSize = 200px
| ImageName = Calcium oxide
| IUPACName = Calcium oxide
| OtherNames = Quicklime, burnt lime, unslaked lime
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
| ChemSpiderID = 14095
| UNII = C7X2M0VVNH
| InChI = 1/Ca.O/rCaO/c1-2
| SMILES = [Ca]=O
| InChIKey = ODINCKMPIJJUCX-BFMVISLHAU
| CASNo = 1305-78-8
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite}}
| PubChem = 14778
| RTECS = EW3100000
| UNNumber = 1910
| ATCvet = yes
| ATCCode_prefix = P53
| ATCCode_suffix = AX18
}}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
| Formula = CaO
| MolarMass = 56.0774 g/mol
| ExactMass = 55.957506
| Appearance = White tae fauch yellae/broun pouder
| Odor = odorless
| Density = 3.34 g/cm<sup>3</sup><ref name=crc/>
| Solubility = 1.19 g/L (25 °C), 0.57 g/L (100 °C), exothermic reaction<ref>{{cite book|url=http://www.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=159&page=20|page=20|title=Water Chemicals Codex|author=Committee on Water Treatment Chemicals, Food and Nutrition Board, Assembly of Life Sciences, National Research Council|year=1982|isbn=0-309-07368-5}}</ref>
| MeltingPt = 2613 °C, 2886 K, 4735 °F<ref name=crc>{{RubberBible92nd|page=4.55}}</ref>
| BoilingPt = 2850 °C, 3123 K (100 [[hPa]])<ref>[http://gestis.itrust.de/nxt/gateway.dll/gestis_de/001200.xml?f=templates$fn=default.htm$3.0 Calciumoxid] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131230232501/http://gestis.itrust.de/nxt/gateway.dll/gestis_de/001200.xml?f=templates%24fn%3Ddefault.htm%243.0 |date=2013-12-30 }}. GESTIS database</ref>
| pKa = 12.8
| Solvent1 = acids
| Solubility1 = soluble (an aa in [[glycerol]], [[succar|succar solution]])
| Solvent2 = methanol
| Solubility2 = insoluble (an aa in [[diethyl ether]], [[1-Nonanol|n-octanol]])
}}
| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure
| Structure = [[Sodium chloride|NaCl]]
}}
| Section4 = {{Chembox Thermochemistry
|   DeltaHf = −635&nbsp;kJ·mol<sup>−1</sup><ref name=b1>{{cite book| author = Zumdahl, Steven S.|title =Chemical Principles 6th Ed.| url = https://archive.org/details/chemicalprincipl0000zumd_u9g0| publisher = Houghton Mifflin Company| year = 2009| isbn = 0-618-94690-X|page=A21}}</ref>
|   Entropy = 40&nbsp;J·mol<sup>−1</sup>·K<sup>−1</sup><ref name=b1 />
 }}
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards
| ExternalMSDS = [http://hazard.com/msds/mf/baker/baker/files/c0462.htm]
| EUClass =
| EUIndex = Nae leetit
| RPhrases =
| SPhrases =
| NFPA-H = 3
| NFPA-F = 0
| NFPA-R = 2
| NFPA-O =
| FlashPt = Non-flammable
}}
| Section8 = {{Chembox Related
| OtherAnions = [[Calcium sulfide]]<br/>[[Calcium hydroxide]]
| OtherCations = [[Beryllium oxide]]<br/>[[Magnesium oxide]]<br/>[[Strontium oxide]]<br/>[[Barium oxide]]
}}
}}

'''First licht''' is a technical vocable fur the maument a [[telescope]] taks a astronomical eemage efter bein biggit.