Vulnerability: Exiv2 is a command-line utility and C++ library for reading, writing, deleting, and modifying the metadata of image files. An out-of-bounds read was found in Exiv2 versions v0.27.3 and earlier. The out-of-bounds read is triggered when Exiv2 is used to write metadata into a crafted image file. An attacker could potentially exploit the vulnerability to cause a denial of service by crashing Exiv2, if they can trick the victim into running Exiv2 on a crafted image file. Note that this bug is only triggered when writing the metadata, which is a less frequently used Exiv2 operation than reading the metadata. For example, to trigger the bug in the Exiv2 command-line application, you need to add an extra command-line argument such as `insert`. The bug is fixed in version v0.27.4.
Vulnerability ID: CVE-2021-29463
CWE: CWE-125
Severity score: 2.9
Project: https://github.com/Exiv2/exiv2
Published: 2021-04-30
File: src/webpimage.cpp
Commit message: Improve bound checking in WebPImage::doWriteMetadata()
Commit author: Kevin Backhouse

Vulnerable version (before fix):
 namespace Exiv2 {         DataBuf chunkId(WEBP_TAG_SIZE+1);         chunkId.pData_ [WEBP_TAG_SIZE] = '\0';          io_->read(data, WEBP_TAG_SIZE * 3);         uint64_t filesize = Exiv2::getULong(data + WEBP_TAG_SIZE, littleEndian);          /* Set up header */ namespace Exiv2 {          case we have any exif or xmp data, also check          for any chunks with alpha frame/layer set */         while ( !io_->eof() && (uint64_t) io_->tell() < filesize) {             io_->read(chunkId.pData_, WEBP_TAG_SIZE);             io_->read(size_buff, WEBP_TAG_SIZE);             long size = Exiv2::getULong(size_buff, littleEndian);             DataBuf payload(size);             io_->read(payload.pData_, payload.size_);             byte c;             if ( payload.size_ % 2 ) io_->read(&c,1);              /* Chunk with information about features              used in the file. */             if (equalsWebPTag(chunkId, WEBP_CHUNK_HEADER_VP8X) && !has_vp8x) {                 has_vp8x = true;             }             if (equalsWebPTag(chunkId, WEBP_CHUNK_HEADER_VP8X) && !has_size) {                 has_size = true;                 byte size_buf[WEBP_TAG_SIZE];  namespace Exiv2 {             } #endif             if (equalsWebPTag(chunkId, WEBP_CHUNK_HEADER_VP8) && !has_size) {                 has_size = true;                 byte size_buf[2];  namespace Exiv2 {              /* Chunk with with lossless image data. */             if (equalsWebPTag(chunkId, WEBP_CHUNK_HEADER_VP8L) && !has_alpha) {                 if ((payload.pData_[4] & WEBP_VP8X_ALPHA_BIT) == WEBP_VP8X_ALPHA_BIT) {                     has_alpha = true;                 }             }             if (equalsWebPTag(chunkId, WEBP_CHUNK_HEADER_VP8L) && !has_size) {                 has_size = true;                 byte size_buf_w[2];                 byte size_buf_h[3]; namespace Exiv2 {              /* Chunk with animation frame. */             if (equalsWebPTag(chunkId, WEBP_CHUNK_HEADER_ANMF) && !has_alpha) {                 if ((payload.pData_[5] & 0x2) == 0x2) {                     has_alpha = true;                 }             }             if (equalsWebPTag(chunkId, WEBP_CHUNK_HEADER_ANMF) && !has_size) {                 has_size = true;                 byte size_buf[WEBP_TAG_SIZE];  namespace Exiv2 {          io_->seek(12, BasicIo::beg);         while ( !io_->eof() && (uint64_t) io_->tell() < filesize) {             io_->read(chunkId.pData_, 4);             io_->read(size_buff, 4);              long size = Exiv2::getULong(size_buff, littleEndian);              DataBuf payload(size);             io_->read(payload.pData_, size);             if ( io_->tell() % 2 ) io_->seek(+1,BasicIo::cur); // skip pad              if (equalsWebPTag(chunkId, WEBP_CHUNK_HEADER_VP8X)) {                 if (has_icc){                     payload.pData_[0] |= WEBP_VP8X_ICC_BIT;                 } else {

Fixed version (after fix):
 namespace Exiv2 {         DataBuf chunkId(WEBP_TAG_SIZE+1);         chunkId.pData_ [WEBP_TAG_SIZE] = '\0';          readOrThrow(*io_, data, WEBP_TAG_SIZE * 3, Exiv2::kerCorruptedMetadata);         uint64_t filesize = Exiv2::getULong(data + WEBP_TAG_SIZE, littleEndian);          /* Set up header */ namespace Exiv2 {          case we have any exif or xmp data, also check          for any chunks with alpha frame/layer set */         while ( !io_->eof() && (uint64_t) io_->tell() < filesize) {             readOrThrow(*io_, chunkId.pData_, WEBP_TAG_SIZE, Exiv2::kerCorruptedMetadata);             readOrThrow(*io_, size_buff, WEBP_TAG_SIZE, Exiv2::kerCorruptedMetadata);             const uint32_t size_u32 = Exiv2::getULong(size_buff, littleEndian);              // Check that `size_u32` is safe to cast to `long`.             enforce(size_u32 <= static_cast<size_t>(std::numeric_limits<unsigned int>::max()),                     Exiv2::kerCorruptedMetadata);             const long size = static_cast<long>(size_u32);             DataBuf payload(size);             readOrThrow(*io_, payload.pData_, payload.size_, Exiv2::kerCorruptedMetadata);             if ( payload.size_ % 2 ) {               byte c;               readOrThrow(*io_, &c, 1, Exiv2::kerCorruptedMetadata);             }              /* Chunk with information about features              used in the file. */             if (equalsWebPTag(chunkId, WEBP_CHUNK_HEADER_VP8X) && !has_vp8x) {                 has_vp8x = true;             }             if (equalsWebPTag(chunkId, WEBP_CHUNK_HEADER_VP8X) && !has_size) {                 enforce(size >= 10, Exiv2::kerCorruptedMetadata);                 has_size = true;                 byte size_buf[WEBP_TAG_SIZE];  namespace Exiv2 {             } #endif             if (equalsWebPTag(chunkId, WEBP_CHUNK_HEADER_VP8) && !has_size) {                 enforce(size >= 10, Exiv2::kerCorruptedMetadata);                 has_size = true;                 byte size_buf[2];  namespace Exiv2 {              /* Chunk with with lossless image data. */             if (equalsWebPTag(chunkId, WEBP_CHUNK_HEADER_VP8L) && !has_alpha) {                 enforce(size >= 5, Exiv2::kerCorruptedMetadata);                 if ((payload.pData_[4] & WEBP_VP8X_ALPHA_BIT) == WEBP_VP8X_ALPHA_BIT) {                     has_alpha = true;                 }             }             if (equalsWebPTag(chunkId, WEBP_CHUNK_HEADER_VP8L) && !has_size) {                 enforce(size >= 5, Exiv2::kerCorruptedMetadata);                 has_size = true;                 byte size_buf_w[2];                 byte size_buf_h[3]; namespace Exiv2 {              /* Chunk with animation frame. */             if (equalsWebPTag(chunkId, WEBP_CHUNK_HEADER_ANMF) && !has_alpha) {                 enforce(size >= 6, Exiv2::kerCorruptedMetadata);                 if ((payload.pData_[5] & 0x2) == 0x2) {                     has_alpha = true;                 }             }             if (equalsWebPTag(chunkId, WEBP_CHUNK_HEADER_ANMF) && !has_size) {                 enforce(size >= 12, Exiv2::kerCorruptedMetadata);                 has_size = true;                 byte size_buf[WEBP_TAG_SIZE];  namespace Exiv2 {          io_->seek(12, BasicIo::beg);         while ( !io_->eof() && (uint64_t) io_->tell() < filesize) {             readOrThrow(*io_, chunkId.pData_, 4, Exiv2::kerCorruptedMetadata);             readOrThrow(*io_, size_buff, 4, Exiv2::kerCorruptedMetadata);              const uint32_t size_u32 = Exiv2::getULong(size_buff, littleEndian);              // Check that `size_u32` is safe to cast to `long`.             enforce(size_u32 <= static_cast<size_t>(std::numeric_limits<unsigned int>::max()),                     Exiv2::kerCorruptedMetadata);             const long size = static_cast<long>(size_u32);              DataBuf payload(size);             readOrThrow(*io_, payload.pData_, size, Exiv2::kerCorruptedMetadata);             if ( io_->tell() % 2 ) io_->seek(+1,BasicIo::cur); // skip pad              if (equalsWebPTag(chunkId, WEBP_CHUNK_HEADER_VP8X)) {                 enforce(size >= 1, Exiv2::kerCorruptedMetadata);                 if (has_icc){                     payload.pData_[0] |= WEBP_VP8X_ICC_BIT;                 } else {

Patch:
patch: @@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ namespace Exiv2 {
         DataBuf chunkId(WEBP_TAG_SIZE+1);
         chunkId.pData_ [WEBP_TAG_SIZE] = '\0';
 
-        io_->read(data, WEBP_TAG_SIZE * 3);
+        readOrThrow(*io_, data, WEBP_TAG_SIZE * 3, Exiv2::kerCorruptedMetadata);
         uint64_t filesize = Exiv2::getULong(data + WEBP_TAG_SIZE, littleEndian);
 
         /* Set up header */
@@ -185,20 +185,28 @@ namespace Exiv2 {
          case we have any exif or xmp data, also check
          for any chunks with alpha frame/layer set */
         while ( !io_->eof() && (uint64_t) io_->tell() < filesize) {
-            io_->read(chunkId.pData_, WEBP_TAG_SIZE);
-            io_->read(size_buff, WEBP_TAG_SIZE);
-            long size = Exiv2::getULong(size_buff, littleEndian);
+            readOrThrow(*io_, chunkId.pData_, WEBP_TAG_SIZE, Exiv2::kerCorruptedMetadata);
+            readOrThrow(*io_, size_buff, WEBP_TAG_SIZE, Exiv2::kerCorruptedMetadata);
+            const uint32_t size_u32 = Exiv2::getULong(size_buff, littleEndian);
+
+            // Check that `size_u32` is safe to cast to `long`.
+            enforce(size_u32 <= static_cast<size_t>(std::numeric_limits<unsigned int>::max()),
+                    Exiv2::kerCorruptedMetadata);
+            const long size = static_cast<long>(size_u32);
             DataBuf payload(size);
-            io_->read(payload.pData_, payload.size_);
-            byte c;
-            if ( payload.size_ % 2 ) io_->read(&c,1);
+            readOrThrow(*io_, payload.pData_, payload.size_, Exiv2::kerCorruptedMetadata);
+            if ( payload.size_ % 2 ) {
+              byte c;
+              readOrThrow(*io_, &c, 1, Exiv2::kerCorruptedMetadata);
+            }
 
             /* Chunk with information about features
              used in the file. */
             if (equalsWebPTag(chunkId, WEBP_CHUNK_HEADER_VP8X) && !has_vp8x) {
                 has_vp8x = true;
             }
             if (equalsWebPTag(chunkId, WEBP_CHUNK_HEADER_VP8X) && !has_size) {
+                enforce(size >= 10, Exiv2::kerCorruptedMetadata);
                 has_size = true;
                 byte size_buf[WEBP_TAG_SIZE];
 
@@ -227,6 +235,7 @@ namespace Exiv2 {
             }
 #endif
             if (equalsWebPTag(chunkId, WEBP_CHUNK_HEADER_VP8) && !has_size) {
+                enforce(size >= 10, Exiv2::kerCorruptedMetadata);
                 has_size = true;
                 byte size_buf[2];
 
@@ -244,11 +253,13 @@ namespace Exiv2 {
 
             /* Chunk with with lossless image data. */
             if (equalsWebPTag(chunkId, WEBP_CHUNK_HEADER_VP8L) && !has_alpha) {
+                enforce(size >= 5, Exiv2::kerCorruptedMetadata);
                 if ((payload.pData_[4] & WEBP_VP8X_ALPHA_BIT) == WEBP_VP8X_ALPHA_BIT) {
                     has_alpha = true;
                 }
             }
             if (equalsWebPTag(chunkId, WEBP_CHUNK_HEADER_VP8L) && !has_size) {
+                enforce(size >= 5, Exiv2::kerCorruptedMetadata);
                 has_size = true;
                 byte size_buf_w[2];
                 byte size_buf_h[3];
@@ -276,11 +287,13 @@ namespace Exiv2 {
 
             /* Chunk with animation frame. */
             if (equalsWebPTag(chunkId, WEBP_CHUNK_HEADER_ANMF) && !has_alpha) {
+                enforce(size >= 6, Exiv2::kerCorruptedMetadata);
                 if ((payload.pData_[5] & 0x2) == 0x2) {
                     has_alpha = true;
                 }
             }
             if (equalsWebPTag(chunkId, WEBP_CHUNK_HEADER_ANMF) && !has_size) {
+                enforce(size >= 12, Exiv2::kerCorruptedMetadata);
                 has_size = true;
                 byte size_buf[WEBP_TAG_SIZE];
 
@@ -309,16 +322,22 @@ namespace Exiv2 {
 
         io_->seek(12, BasicIo::beg);
         while ( !io_->eof() && (uint64_t) io_->tell() < filesize) {
-            io_->read(chunkId.pData_, 4);
-            io_->read(size_buff, 4);
+            readOrThrow(*io_, chunkId.pData_, 4, Exiv2::kerCorruptedMetadata);
+            readOrThrow(*io_, size_buff, 4, Exiv2::kerCorruptedMetadata);
+
+            const uint32_t size_u32 = Exiv2::getULong(size_buff, littleEndian);
 
-            long size = Exiv2::getULong(size_buff, littleEndian);
+            // Check that `size_u32` is safe to cast to `long`.
+            enforce(size_u32 <= static_cast<size_t>(std::numeric_limits<unsigned int>::max()),
+                    Exiv2::kerCorruptedMetadata);
+            const long size = static_cast<long>(size_u32);
 
             DataBuf payload(size);
-            io_->read(payload.pData_, size);
+            readOrThrow(*io_, payload.pData_, size, Exiv2::kerCorruptedMetadata);
             if ( io_->tell() % 2 ) io_->seek(+1,BasicIo::cur); // skip pad
 
             if (equalsWebPTag(chunkId, WEBP_CHUNK_HEADER_VP8X)) {
+                enforce(size >= 1, Exiv2::kerCorruptedMetadata);
                 if (has_icc){
                     payload.pData_[0] |= WEBP_VP8X_ICC_BIT;
                 } else {
path: src/webpimage.cpp