rudyvdbrink/CitationDatabase huggingface dataset:
Motor neuron disease with malignancy: Clinical and pathophysiological insights.
Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology, 2019

While some regard an association between motor neuron disease (MND) and malignancy as co-incidental, others have argued that it could represent a distinct clinical entity. The present study undertook in depth phenotyping along with assessment of cortical function to further explore disease pathophysiology in MND with malignancy (MND-M) patients.
Improved localisation and discrimination of heat emitting household objects with the artificial vision therapy system by integration with thermal sensor.
The British journal of ophthalmology, 2020

To demonstrate the potential clinically meaningful benefits of a thermal camera integrated with the Argus II, an artificial vision therapy system, for assisting Argus II users in localising and discriminating heat-emitting objects.
Fluorescent Probes for Ecto-5'-nucleotidase (CD73).
ACS medicinal chemistry letters, 2020

Ecto-5'-nucleotidase (CD73) catalyzes the hydrolysis of AMP to anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive adenosine. It is expressed on vascular endothelial, epithelial, and also numerous cancer cells where it strongly contributes to an immunosuppressive microenvironment. In the present study we designed and synthesized fluorescent-labeled CD73 inhibitors with low nanomolar affinity and high selectivity based on
Correction to: Investigation of Neuregulin-1 and Glial Cell-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Rodent Astrocytes and Microglia.
Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN, 2019

The original version of this article unfortunately contained mistakes in the author group and affiliation sections. Author Markus H. Schwab's name was incorrectly presented as "H. Markus Schwab" and his affiliations were incorrectly assigned as "1 and 3" instead of "2 and 3".
Orchestrated freedom: new insights into cortical neurogenesis.
Current opinion in neurobiology, 2021

In mammals, the construction of the cerebral cortex involves the coordinated output of large populations of apical progenitor cells. Cortical progenitor cells use intrinsic molecular programs and complex regulatory mechanisms to generate a large diversity of excitatory projection neurons in appropriate numbers. In this review, we summarize recent findings regarding the neurogenic behavior of cortical progenitors during neurogenesis. We describe alternative models explaining the generation of neuronal diversity among excitatory projection neurons and the role of intrinsic and extrinsic signals in the modulation of the individual output of apical progenitor cells.
The swine as a vehicle for research in trauma-induced coagulopathy: Introducing principal component analysis for viscoelastic coagulation tests.
The journal of trauma and acute care surgery, 2021

Uncontrolled bleeding is the leading cause of potentially preventable deaths among trauma patients. Tissue injury and shock result in trauma-induced coagulopathy (TIC). There are still uncertainties regarding detection methods and best practice management for TIC, and a deeper understanding of the pathophysiology requires robust animal models. The applicability of swine in coagulation studies, particularly after trauma has not been sufficiently elucidated. We, therefore, evaluated the swine as a vehicle for TIC research in a selection of trauma modalities.
Predictive Sensitivity and Concordance of Machine-learning Tools for Diagnosing DFNA9 in a Large Series of p.Pro51Ser Variant Carriers in the COCH-gene.
Otology & neurotology : official publication of the American Otological Society, American Neurotology Society [and] European Academy of Otology and Neurotology, 2021

In this study we aimed to evaluate the predictive cross-sectional sensitivity and longitudinal concordance of a machine-learning algorithm in a series of genetically confirmed p.(Pro51Ser) variant carriers (DFNA9).
Task-related variations in the surface EMG of the human first dorsal interosseous muscle.
Experimental brain research, 2011

Evidence from human and animal studies suggests that motor neuron pool organization is not uniform for all motor tasks. Groupings of motor units within a muscle may be recruited differentially for a given task based on principles beyond anatomical or architectural features of the muscle alone. This study aimed to determine whether: (1) there was differential activation across locations of the first dorsal interosseous (FDI) muscle during a given task, (2) the differential activation was related to directional requirements and/or end goal of the task, and (3) there was an anatomical pattern to the differential activation. Twenty-six healthy right-handed participants carried out isometric finger/hand contractions in sitting while surface EMG was collected from 4 bipolar sites on the FDI muscle simultaneously. The tasks included: abduction, flexion, diagonal, 30% abduction + 30% flexion, 30% flexion + 30% abduction, key pinch, and power grasp. Mean peak integrated EMG for each task was normalized to site and task specific mean M waves. Differential activation was evident across FDI sites based on movement direction, order of directional components within a combination condition, and end goal of the task. There was greatest activation in the distal ulnar site for all tasks. Additionally there was a trend toward an ordering effect in the amount of activation at each site: distal ulnar > distal radial > proximal radial > proximal ulnar.
Shifting uncertainty intolerance: methylphenidate and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.
Translational psychiatry, 2021

Risk evaluation is a critical component of decision making. Risk tolerance is relevant in both daily decisions and pathological disorders such as attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), where impulsivity is a cardinal symptom. Methylphenidate, a commonly prescribed drug in ADHD, improves attention but has mixed reports on risk-based decision making. Using a double-blinded placebo protocol, we studied the risk attitudes of ADHD patients and age-matched healthy volunteers while performing the 2-step sequential learning task and examined the effect of methylphenidate on their choices. We then applied a novel computational analysis using the hierarchical drift-diffusion model to extract parameters such as threshold ('a'-amount of evidence accumulated before making a decision), drift rate ('v'-information processing speed) and response bias ('z' apriori bias towards a specific choice) focusing specifically on risky choice preference. Critically, we show that ADHD patients on placebo have an apriori bias towards risky choices compared to controls. Furthermore, methylphenidate enhanced preference towards risky choices (higher apriori bias) in both groups but had a significantly greater effect in the patient population independent of clinical scores. Thus, methylphenidate appears to shift tolerance towards risky uncertain choices possibly mediated by prefrontal dopaminergic and noradrenergic modulation. We emphasise the utility of computational models in detecting underlying processes. Our findings have implications for subtle yet differential effects of methylphenidate on ADHD compared to healthy population.
Stereotactic laser ablation for subependymal giant cell astrocytomas: personal experience and review of the literature.
Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery, 2020

Subependymal giant cell astrocytomas (SEGAs) are rare tumors typically found in tuberous sclerosis patients. They typically grow in the region of the foramen of Monro and can occlude it, leading to hydrocephalus. Currently, gross total resection is the standard of care, with low rates of recurrence but high rates of complication, especially with larger lesions. Laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) is a newly emerging treatment modality for a variety of pathologies. Here, we present a case series of SEGAs managed via LITT and endoscopic, stereotactic septostomy.
Differential alteration of fMRI signal variability in the ascending trigeminal somatosensory and pain modulatory pathways in migraine.
The journal of headache and pain, 2021

The moment-to-moment variability of resting-state brain activity has been suggested to play an active role in chronic pain. Here, we investigated the regional blood-oxygen-level-dependent signal variability (BOLD
Wheat and chaffs in the interpretation of the current COVID19 outbreak in Italy.
Virusdisease, 2020

The COVID19 outbreak in Italy is still a big concern. The Italian Government has recommended citizens to respect faithfully any compulsory legal disposition in order to stay home and so contributing in escaping viral contacts and slowing down epidemic. Emergency has raised a widely animated debate about how to read and comprehend the daily case numbers, the medical and caregivers availability, the needs to swab asymptomatic subjects. In this review the authors discuss about the many wheat and chaffs of how this virus disease is addressed .
Behavior when socially anxious individuals expect to be (dis)liked: The role of self-disclosure and mimicry in actual likeability.
Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry, 2020

This study aimed to unravel the relationship between socially anxious individuals' expectation of being (dis)liked and actual likeability by looking at the mediating role of both strategic and automatic social behavior: Self-disclosure as well as mimicry were examined.
Clinical and demographic characteristics of primary progressive multiple sclerosis in Argentina: Argentinean registry cohort study (RelevarEM).
Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology, 2020

Primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS) is an infrequent clinical form of multiple sclerosis (MS). Scarce information is available about PPMS in Latin America. The aim of this work is to describe the clinical and demographic characteristics of PPMS patients in Argentina.
Lack of rewarding effects of a soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitor TPPU in mice: Comparison with morphine.
Neuropsychopharmacology reports, 2020

Although opioids have been used as treatment of neuropathic pain, opioids have abuse potential in humans. Since soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) in the metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids plays a key role in the pain, sEH inhibitors would be promising new therapeutic drugs for neuropathic pain. In this study, we examined the effect of the sEH inhibitor TPPU on rewarding effects in mice using the conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigm.
A rapid whisker-based decision underlying skilled locomotion in mice.
eLife, 2021

Skilled motor behavior requires rapidly integrating external sensory input with information about internal state to decide which movements to make next. Using machine learning approaches for high-resolution kinematic analysis, we uncover the logic of a rapid decision underlying sensory-guided locomotion in mice. After detecting obstacles with their whiskers mice select distinct kinematic strategies depending on a whisker-derived estimate of obstacle location together with the position and velocity of their body. Although mice rely on whiskers for obstacle avoidance, lesions of primary whisker sensory cortex had minimal impact. While motor cortex manipulations affected the execution of the chosen strategy, the decision-making process remained largely intact. These results highlight the potential of machine learning for reductionist analysis of naturalistic behaviors and provide a case in which subcortical brain structures appear sufficient for mediating a relatively sophisticated sensorimotor decision.
Deep Neural Network Reveals the World of Autism From a First-Person Perspective.
Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research, 2021

People with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) show atypical attention to social stimuli and aberrant gaze when viewing images of the physical world. However, it is unknown how they perceive the world from a first-person perspective. In this study, we used machine learning to classify photos taken in three different categories (people, indoors, and outdoors) as either having been taken by individuals with ASD or by peers without ASD. Our classifier effectively discriminated photos from all three categories, but was particularly successful at classifying photos of people with >80% accuracy. Importantly, visualization of our model revealed critical features that led to successful discrimination and showed that our model adopted a strategy similar to that of ASD experts. Furthermore, for the first time we showed that photos taken by individuals with ASD contained less salient objects, especially in the central visual field. Notably, our model outperformed classification of these photos by ASD experts. Together, we demonstrate an effective and novel method that is capable of discerning photos taken by individuals with ASD and revealing aberrant visual attention in ASD from a unique first-person perspective. Our method may in turn provide an objective measure for evaluations of individuals with ASD. LAY SUMMARY: People with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) demonstrate atypical visual attention to social stimuli. However, it remains largely unclear how they perceive the world from a first-person perspective. In this study, we employed a deep learning approach to analyze a unique dataset of photos taken by people with and without ASD. Our computer modeling was not only able to discern which photos were taken by individuals with ASD, outperforming ASD experts, but importantly, it revealed critical features that led to successful discrimination, revealing aspects of atypical visual attention in ASD from their first-person perspective.
Developing a Multi-channel Beamformer by Enhancing Spatially Constrained ICA for Recovery of Correlated EEG Sources.
Journal of biomedical physics & engineering, 2021

Brain source imaging based on electroencephalogram (EEG) data aims to recover the neuron populations' activity producing the scalp potentials. This procedure is known as the EEG inverse problem. Recently, beamformers have gained a lot of consideration in the EEG inverse problem.
MSCOVID19: Using social media to achieve rapid dissemination of health information.
Multiple sclerosis and related disorders, 2020

The global COVID-19 pandemic creates an obvious acute health care resourcing and response problem. The different timing of pandemic peak in geographically distinct locations creates a short window of response opportunity. Rapid dissemination of medical information from early affected areas to later ones is therefore crucial to optimise planning. Formulating the best system response for at-risk patient populations is especially complex. People with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) are exposed to long-term immunosuppressive disease modifying treatments (DMTs) and, in theory, could be at increased risk of contracting the virus and developing complications. Social media, such as Twitter, can provide a global platform to rapidly share information and individual experiences.
Incidence of multiple sclerosis in the province of Catania. A geo-epidemiological study.
Environmental research, 2020

An increasing incidence of MS in the city of Catania was reported during 1975-2004, with a higher incidence along the south-eastern flank of the Mt.Etna. We evaluated the incidence of MS in the entire province of Catania during 2005-2015 and the spatial distribution of MS-cases using a cluster analysis.
Usefulness of Carotid Ultrasonography for Risk Stratification of Cerebral and Cardiovascular Disease.
Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis, 2020

Carotid ultrasonography is useful for the assessments of the risk stratification for stroke or coronary artery disease, because it is a simple, repeatable, and noninvasive procedure. The carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), which is assessed using carotid ultrasonography, is a widely used surrogate marker for the severity of atherosclerosis. Several large clinical studies showed that increased carotid IMT is associated with the future stroke or cardiovascular events. In addition, in many clinical trials, it has been adopted for surrogate markers of clinical endpoints of medical intervention. Moreover, carotid ultrasonography allows the measurement of the presence and characteristics of plaques and the severity of carotid artery stenosis. The unstable morphology of plaque, such as hypoechoic, ulcer, and mobility, is associated with future ischemic stroke events. The screening tool of asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis is also important, although whether routine carotid ultrasonography assessment is recommended in the general population remains controversial. The screening of carotid artery stenosis using ultrasonography is essential for not only daily clinical settings but also management of patients with acute ischemic stroke. The patients with atherothrombotic stroke with severe internal carotid artery stenosis should be considered to surgical intervention, and duplex ultrasound approach is important to estimate for the severity of carotid stenosis. Physicians should keep in mind the usefulness of carotid ultrasonography for risk stratification of cerebral and cardiovascular disease based on various aspects. In addition, visual assessment or dynamic changes using carotid ultrasonography could provide the various and valuable insights in clinical settings.
Restoring Agonist Function at a Chemogenetically Modified M
ACS chemical neuroscience, 2020

Designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADDs) have been successfully employed to activate signaling pathways associated with specific muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) subtypes. The M
Prescribing practices in the treatment of depression among psychiatrists in Oman.
Neurosciences (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia), 2021

To examine the prescribing patterns of antidepressants among a sample of psychiatrists working in Oman and to compare these practices to the current evidence for prescribing specific antidepressant in particular clinical situations.
Relapsing tumefactive lesion in an adult with medulloblastoma previously treated with chemoradiotherapy and stem cell transplant.
Pathology oncology research : POR, 2012

Herein, we present an adult case of medulloblastoma who received chemotherapy, radiation therapy and stem cell transplantation, and underwent multiple surgical resections for what were thought to be recurrences; however pathology confirmed a diagnosis of relapsing tumefactive lesions. This phenomenon seems to be a consequence of stem cell transplantation rather than a simple radiation treatment effect.
Health and motivation as mediators of the effects of job demands, job control, job support, and role conflicts at work and home on sickness presenteeism and absenteeism.
International archives of occupational and environmental health, 2021

The first objective was to contribute to a better understanding of the contrasting and paradoxical results in studies of work environment factors and sickness presence and sickness absence. A second objective was to examine if, and under what conditions, employees choose to replace sickness absence with sickness presence, i.e., so-called substitution.
Chronological Changes of C-Reactive Protein Levels Following Uncomplicated, Two-Staged, Bilateral Deep Brain Stimulation.
Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society, 2015

The occurrence of acute cerebral infection following deep brain stimulation (DBS) is currently being reported with elevation of C-reactive protein (CRP) level. The aim of the present study was to establish normal range of the magnitude and time-course of CRP increases following routine DBS procedures in the absence of clinical and laboratory signs of infection.
Network-based brain-computer interfaces: principles and applications.
Journal of neural engineering, 2021

Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) make possible to interact with the external environment by decoding the mental intention of individuals. BCIs can therefore be used to address basic neuroscience questions but also to unlock a variety of applications from exoskeleton control to neurofeedback rehabilitation. In general, BCI usability depends on the ability to comprehensively characterize brain functioning and correctly identify the user's mental state. To this end, much of the efforts have focused on improving the classification algorithms taking into account localized brain activities as input features. Despite considerable improvement BCI performance is still unstable and, as a matter of fact, current features represent oversimplified descriptors of brain functioning. In the last decade, growing evidence has shown that the brain works as a networked system composed of multiple specialized and spatially distributed areas that dynamically integrate information. While more complex, looking at how remote brain regions functionally interact represents a grounded alternative to better describe brain functioning. Thanks to recent advances in network science, i.e. a modern field that draws on graph theory, statistical mechanics, data mining and inferential modeling, scientists have now powerful means to characterize complex brain networks derived from neuroimaging data. Notably, summary features can be extracted from brain networks to quantitatively measure specific organizational properties across a variety of topological scales. In this topical review, we aim to provide the state-of-the-art supporting the development of a network theoretic approach as a promising tool for understanding BCIs and improve usability.
Congenital Hairy Polyp Causing Severe Upper Airway Obstruction in a Newborn: A Case Report.
The American journal of case reports, 2021

BACKGROUND Hairy polyps are rare tumors mainly comprising fatty tissues covered by skin and hair follicles, with varied localizations and sizes. Early excision of the polyps by surgery is an effective treatment resulting in a permanent cure. We present a case of successful management of severe obstruction of the oropharynx in a newborn who presented with a large mass of congenital hairy polyp. CASE REPORT A vaginally delivered infant, weighing 3 kg, presented immediately after birth with cyanosis symptoms, failure of the first cry, and respiratory distress signs. The newborn was born to a mother with an uneventful pregnancy. Screening tests during the pregnancy reported no congenital anomalies. The newborn's hematological and biochemical test results were normal. After presenting these symptoms, the newborn was immediately intubated and put on a nasogastric feeding tube, which revealed a small portion of a polyp-like mass. A computed tomography (CT) scan further confirmed a large pedunculated mass, measuring 3×2 cm, arising from the soft palate, and obstructing the oropharynx. Histopathological examination confirmed the presence of a hairy polyp. The polyp was wholly removed transorally using the Covidien LigaSure device without the need for endoscopy. This procedure allowed safe extubation, and the baby was discharged home without symptoms 4 days after birth. CONCLUSIONS This case sheds light on the importance of considering hairy polyp in the differential diagnosis of pharyngeal mass with respiratory distress in pediatric patients. This report also describes our experience using the LigaSure surgical device without needing endoscopic visualization to successfully resect the hairy polyp without complications.