rudyvdbrink/CitationDatabase huggingface dataset:
Hypothalamic digoxin, hemispheric dominance, and family bonding behavior.
The International journal of neuroscience, 2003

The isoprenoid pathway produces endogenous digoxin, a substance that can regulate neurotransmitter and amino acid transport. Digoxin synthesis and neurotransmitter patterns were assessed in individuals with differing family bonding patterns. The family bonding patterns were assessed by the FACES scale--family adaptability and cohesiveness evaluation scale. The criteria given in the handbook for the 16 PF--16 personality factors questionnaire by Cattell, Eber, and Tatsouke--was also chosen for assessing the individual personality aspect of family bonding after suitable modification. The patterns were compared in those with right hemispheric and left hemispheric dominance. Digoxin synthesis was increased with upregulated tryptophan catabolism (increased levels of serotonin, strychnine, and nicotine) and downregulated tyrosine catabolism (decreased levels of dopamine, noradrenaline, and morphine) in those with reduced family bonding and right hemispheric dominance. Digoxin synthesis was reduced with downregulated tryptophan catabolism (decreased levels of serotonin, strychnine, and nicotine) and upregulated tyrosine catabolism (increased levels of dopamine, noradrenaline, and morphine) in those with increased family bonding and left hemispheric chemical dominance. Hypothalamic digoxin plays a central role in the regulation of family bonding behavior. Hemispheric chemical dominance in relation to digoxin status is also crucial in this respect.
Effect of Concomitant Radiochemotherapy on Invasion Potential of Glioblastoma.
Pathology oncology research : POR, 2016

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary brain tumor in adults with inevitable recurrence after oncotherapy. The insufficient effect of "gold standard" temozolomide-based concomitant radiochemotherapy may be due to the inability to prevent tumor cell invasion. Peritumoral infiltration depends mainly on the interaction between extracellular matrix (ECM) components and cell membrane receptors. Changes in invasive behaviour after oncotherapy can be evaluated at the molecular level by determining the RNA expression and protein levels of the invasion-related ECM components. The expression of nineteen ECM molecules was determined at both RNA and protein levels in thirty-one GBM samples. Fifteen GBM samples originated from the first surgical procedure on patients before oncotherapy, and sixteen GBM samples were collected at the second surgery due to local recurrence after concomitant chemoirradiation. RNA expressions were measured with qRT-PCR, and protein levels were determined by quantitative analysis of Western blots. Only MMP-9 RNA transcript level was reduced (p < 0.05) whereas at protein level, eight molecules showed changes concordant with RNA expression with significant decrease in brevican only. The results suggest that concomitant radiochemotherapy does not have sufficient impact on the expression of invasion-related ECM components of glioblastoma, oncotherapy does not significantly affect its invasive behavior. To avoid the spread of tumors into the brain parenchyma, supplementation of antiproliferative treatment with anti-invasive agents may be worth consideration in oncotherapy for glioblastoma.
Current indications and results of thrombolysis by intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator.
Techniques in vascular and interventional radiology, 2012

A number of landmark trials have proven the efficacy of thrombolysis by intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator in the acute phase of the ischemic stroke. Despite the recently extended time window of 4.5 hours, the number of people who are being treated in most centers is low. Several reasons seem to account for this, including poor recognition of symptoms, delays in emergency transport, low levels of public awareness, or age limits originally imposed by drug regulatory rules. Trials are ongoing to possibly extend the indications to the treatment. A major effort is to extend the time window by bridging the treatment with neuroprotective approaches, or by identifying subgroups that may particularly benefit from recanalization and reperfusion. Procedures using ultrasounds or alternative intravenous compounds are also being investigated with promising results.
Behavioural and emotional profiles of children and adolescents with disorders of arousal.
Journal of sleep research, 2021

Disorders of arousals are common sleep disorders characterized by complex motor behaviours that arise episodically out of slow-wave sleep. Psychological distress has long been associated with disorders of arousal, but this link remains controversial, especially in children and adolescents. The aim of this multi-centre study was to characterize behavioural and emotional problems in a sample of children/adolescents with disorders of arousal, and to explore their relationship with the severity of nocturnal episodes. The parents of 41 children/adolescents with a diagnosis of disorders of arousal (11.5 ± 3.3 years old, 61% males) and of a group of 41 age- and gender-matched control participants filled in the Child Behavior Checklist, along with the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children and the Paris Arousal Disorders Severity Scale. Multilevel t-tests revealed significantly higher total scores and sub-scores of the Child Behavior Checklist for the patient group compared with the control group. Thirty-four percent of the patients obtained pathological total scores, and 12% of them borderline scores. The severity of emotional/behavioural problems in the patient group was positively correlated with the severity of the nocturnal episodes. Interestingly, children/adolescents with disorders of arousal also obtained higher excessive daytime sleepiness and insomnia symptoms sub-scores at the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children. These results confirmed the hypothesis that behavioural/emotional problems are surprisingly common in children/adolescents with disorders of arousal. Further studies are warranted to investigate the causal relationship between pathological manifestations, subtler sleep abnormalities, and diurnal emotional/behavioural problems in children/adolescents with disorders of arousal.
Analgesia and sedation in patients with ARDS.
Intensive care medicine, 2020

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is one of the most demanding conditions in an Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Management of analgesia and sedation in ARDS is particularly challenging. An expert panel was convened to produce a "state-of-the-art" article to support clinicians in the optimal management of analgesia/sedation in mechanically ventilated adults with ARDS, including those with COVID-19. Current ICU analgesia/sedation guidelines promote analgesia first and minimization of sedation, wakefulness, delirium prevention and early rehabilitation to facilitate ventilator and ICU liberation. However, these strategies cannot always be applied to patients with ARDS who sometimes require deep sedation and/or paralysis. Patients with severe ARDS may be under-represented in analgesia/sedation studies and currently recommended strategies may not be feasible. With lightened sedation, distress-related symptoms (e.g., pain and discomfort, anxiety, dyspnea) and patient-ventilator asynchrony should be systematically assessed and managed through interprofessional collaboration, prioritizing analgesia and anxiolysis. Adaptation of ventilator settings (e.g., use of a pressure-set mode, spontaneous breathing, sensitive inspiratory trigger) should be systematically considered before additional medications are administered. Managing the mechanical ventilator is of paramount importance to avoid the unnecessary use of deep sedation and/or paralysis. Therefore, applying an "ABCDEF-R" bundle (R = Respiratory-drive-control) may be beneficial in ARDS patients. Further studies are needed, especially regarding the use and long-term effects of fast-offset drugs (e.g., remifentanil, volatile anesthetics) and the electrophysiological assessment of analgesia/sedation (e.g., electroencephalogram devices, heart-rate variability, and video pupillometry). This review is particularly relevant during the COVID-19 pandemic given drug shortages and limited ICU-bed capacity.
A novel temporal identity window generates alternating Eve
Neural development, 2020

Spatial patterning specifies neural progenitor identity, with further diversity generated by temporal patterning within individual progenitor lineages. In vertebrates, these mechanisms generate "cardinal classes" of neurons that share a transcription factor identity and common morphology. In Drosophila, two cardinal classes are Even-skipped (Eve)
Relationship between depressive symptoms and capability to live well in people with mild to moderate dementia and their carers: results from the Improving the experience of Dementia and Enhancing Active Life (IDEAL) programme.
Aging & mental health, 2021

Depression is a common condition in dementia and has a substantial impact on quality of life and wellbeing. There is limited evidence on how depressive symptoms in the person with dementia impact on the carer, and vice versa. The aim of this study is to investigate dyadic relationships between depressive symptoms and capability to live well in both people with dementia and their carers and to examine whether people with dementia who do not have a carer are more vulnerable to the impact of depressive symptoms than those who have a carer.
Associations Between Delay Discounting and Connectivity of the Valuation-control System in Healthy Young Adults.
Neuroscience, 2021

The process of valuation assists in determining if an object or course of action is rewarding. Delay discounting is the observed decay of a rewards' subjective value over time. Encoding the subjective value of rewards across a spectrum has been attributed to brain regions belonging to the valuation and executive control systems. The valuation system (VS) encodes reward value over short and long delays, influencing reinforcement learning and reward representation. The executive control system (ECS) becomes more active as choice difficulty increases, integrating contextual and mnemonic information with salience signals in the modulation of decision-making. Here, we aimed to identify resting-state functional connectivity-based patterns of the VS and ECS correlated with value-setting and delay discounting (outside-scanner paradigm) in a large (n = 992) cohort of healthy young adults from the Human Connectome Project (HCP). Results suggest the VS may be involved in value-setting of small, immediate rewards while the ECS may be involved in value-setting and delay discounting for large and small rewards over a range of delays. We observed magnitude sensitive connections involving the posterior cingulate cortex, time-sensitive connections with the ventromedial and lateral prefrontal cortex while connections involving the posterior parietal cortex appeared both magnitude- and time-sensitive. The ventromedial prefrontal cortex and posterior parietal cortex could act as "comparator" regions, weighing the value of small rewards against large rewards across various delay duration to aid in decision-making.
Association Between Tinnitus Pitch and Consonant Recognition in Noise.
American journal of audiology, 2020

Purpose Difficulties in speech-in-noise understanding are often reported in individuals with tinnitus. Building on our previous findings that speech-in-noise performance is correlated with subjective loudness of tinnitus, this study aimed to investigate the effect of tinnitus pitch on consonant recognition in noise. Method Pure-tone audiometry and the Quick Speech-in-Noise Test were conducted on 66 participants categorized into four groups by their hearing sensitivity and self-report of tinnitus. Consonant recognition scores at various frequency ranges were obtained at the 5 dB SNR condition of the Quick Speech-in-Noise Test. Participants with tinnitus also completed a tinnitus pitch-matching procedure. Correlation analyses were conducted between tinnitus pitch and the frequency of the worst consonant recognition, and the error rates based on word and sentence position were compared. Results Regardless of hearing sensitivity, tinnitus pitch did not correlate with the frequency of the worst consonant recognition. Sentence-initial word recognition was affected by hearing loss, whereas sentence-final word recognition was not affected by hearing loss or tinnitus. In contrast to individuals with normal hearing, participants with hearing loss varied in full-sentence recognition, with those reporting tinnitus exhibiting significantly higher error rates. Conclusions The findings suggest that the effect of tinnitus on consonant recognition in noise may involve higher level functions more than perceptual characteristics of tinnitus. Furthermore, for individuals with speech-in-noise concerns, clinical evaluation should address both hearing sensitivity and the presence of tinnitus. Future speech-in-noise studies should incorporate cognitive tests and, possibly, brain imaging to parse out the contribution of cognitive factors, such as cognitive control, in speech-in-noise in tinnitus.
Predicting steady-state endoxifen plasma concentrations in breast cancer patients by CYP2D6 genotyping or phenotyping. Which approach is more reliable?
Pharmacology research & perspectives, 2020

In previous studies, steady-state Z-endoxifen plasma concentrations (ENDOss) correlated with relapse-free survival in women on tamoxifen (TAM) treatment for breast cancer. ENDOss also correlated significantly with CYP2D6 genotype (activity score) and CYP2D6 phenotype (dextromethorphan test). Our aim was to ascertain which method for assessing CYP2D6 activity is more reliable in predicting ENDOss. The study concerned 203 Caucasian women on tamoxifen-adjuvant therapy (20 mg q.d.). Before starting treatment, CYP2D6 was genotyped (and activity scores computed), and the urinary log(dextromethorphan/dextrorphan) ratio [log(DM/DX)] was calculated after 15 mg of oral dextromethorphan. Plasma concentrations of TAM, N-desmethyl-tamoxifen (ND-TAM), Z-4OH-tamoxifen (4OH-TAM) and ENDO were assayed 1, 4, and 8 months after first administering TAM. Multivariable regression analysis was used to identify the clinical and laboratory variables predicting log-transformed ENDOss (log-ENDOss). Genotype-derived CYP2D6 phenotypes (PM, IM, NM, EM) and log(DM/DX) correlated independently with log-ENDOss. Genotype-phenotype concordance was almost complete only for poor metabolizers, whereas it emerged that 34% of intermediate, normal, and ultrarapid metabolizers were classified differently based on log(DM/DX). Multivariable regression analysis selected log(DM/DX) as the best predictor, with patients' age, weak inhibitor use, and CYP2D6 phenotype decreasingly important: log-ENDOss = 0.162 - log(DM/DX) × 0.170 + age × 0.0063 - weak inhibitor use × 0.250 + IM × 0.105 + (NM + UM) × 0.210; (R
Years of Life Lost (YLL) Due to Substance Abuse in Iran, in 2014-2017: Global Burden of Disease 2010 Method.
Iranian journal of public health, 2020

Using dexmedetomidine (Dex) as a sedative agent may benefit the clinical outcomes of post-surgery patients. We reviewed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to assess whether use of a Dex could improve the outcomes in post-surgery critically ill adults.
Adherence to a Mediterranean Diet and Thyroid Function in Obesity: A Cross-Sectional Apulian Survey.
Nutrients, 2020

Much research suggests that Mediterranean eating habits and lifestyle contribute to counteract the risk of chronic diseases while promoting longevity, but little information is available on the effects of the Mediterranean diet (Med-Diet) on thyroid function, particularly among overweight/obese subjects. Nevertheless, consistent data reported a slight increase in serum levels of the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and a higher rate of conversion of thyroxine (T4) to triiodothyronine (T3) in obesity. This cross-sectional study was aimed at investigating the relationship between adherence to the Med-Diet and circulating thyroid hormones in a cohort of overweight/obese subjects from Apulia (Southern Italy).
Gut-brain axis serotonergic responses to acute stress exposure are microbiome-dependent.
Neurogastroenterology and motility, 2020

Understanding the mechanisms underpinning the response to acute stress is critical for determining how this can be modulated in both health and disease and across sexes. Stress can markedly alter the microbiome and gut-brain axis signaling with the serotonergic system being particularly sensitive to acute stress. As the impact of acute stress on regional serotonergic dynamics in the gut-brain axis and the contribution of the microbiome to this are poorly appreciated, we used microbiota-deficient mice to assess whether the serotonergic response to acute stress exposure is microbiome dependent.
Hormone-dependent expression of fasciclin II during ganglionic migration and fusion in the ventral nerve cord of the moth Manduca sexta.
The Journal of comparative neurology, 2008

The ventral nerve cord of holometabolous insects is reorganized during metamorphosis. A prominent feature of this reorganization is the migration of subsets of thoracic and abdominal larval ganglia to form fused compound ganglia. Studies in the hawkmoth Manduca sexta revealed that pulses of the steroid hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) regulate ganglionic fusion, but little is known about the cellular mechanisms that make migration and fusion possible. To test the hypothesis that modulation of cell adhesion molecules is an essential component of ventral nerve cord reorganization, we used antibodies selective for either the transmembrane isoform of the cell adhesion receptor fasciclin II (TM-MFas II) or the glycosyl phosphatidylinositol-linked isoform (GPI-MFas II) to study cell adhesion during ganglionic migration and fusion. Our observations show that expression of TM-MFas II is regulated temporally and spatially. GPI-MFas II was expressed on the surface of the segmental ganglia and the transverse nerve, but no evidence was obtained for regulation of GPI-MFas II expression during metamorphosis of the ventral nerve cord. Manipulation of 20E titers revealed that TM-MFas II expression on neurons in migrating ganglia is regulated by hormonal events previously shown to choreograph ganglionic migration and fusion. Injections of actinomycin D (an RNA synthesis inhibitor) or cycloheximide (a protein synthesis inhibitor) blocked ganglionic movement and the concomitant increase in TM-MFas II, suggesting that 20E regulates transcription of TM-MFas II. The few neurons that showed TM-MFas II immunoreactivity independent of endocrine milieu were immunoreactive to an antiserum specific for eclosion hormone (EH), a neuropeptide regulator of molting.
Catatonic signs in Gilles de la Tourette syndrome.
Cognitive and behavioral neurology : official journal of the Society for Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology, 2008

Catatonia describes the clustering of specific movement and behavioral abnormalities of both the hypokinetic and hyperkinetic nature. Originally described in association with schizophrenia, catatonic signs have been reported in a wide range of neuropsychiatric conditions.
Adenosine receptor signalling: Probing the potential pathways for the ministration of neuropathic pain.
European journal of pharmacology, 2020

Neuropathic pain is a critical burdensome problem due to the complex interplay of several pathological mechanisms and lack of availability of effective therapeutic interventions. The available therapeutic options are associated with a variety of limitations, including severe side effects, and unmet medical needs, warranting further research to identify and validate potential targets. Adenosine receptors system is a widely studied target, which evidently was successful in alleviation of neuropathic pain in several experimental paradigms, and researchers are putting efforts in building its clinical roadmap. The adenosine receptors act by different mechanisms and targeting adenosine receptors for neuropathic pain includes several important pathways such as p38-mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signalling, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) as well as the ion channel modulations. Various studies have also shown the relevance of targeting adenosine receptors in chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain and diabetic neuropathy. Several drugs acting on adenosine receptors have undergone clinical trials for management of neuropathic pain, whereas many other drugs are yet to be studied to find a potential anti-nociceptive agent. In this review, we have discussed the roadmap of adenosine receptors as a potential target for the treatment of neuropathic pain.
Spontaneous Intracranial Hemorrhage: A Sign of Cavernous Angioma Diagnosis in Pediatric Age Group.
Cureus, 2021

Cerebral cavernous malformation (CCM) is a developmental abnormality of blood vessels that supply the brain. It is composed of large, adjacent capillaries which contain little or no neural tissue. They mostly occur in the supratentorial region. However, the occurrence of these vascular lesions can be seen at different sites of the central nervous system (CNS). The prevalence of CCM is estimated to be 0.4% in the general population and among the affected patients, 18.7% have multiple lesions. However, about 30-50% of CCM cases are asymptomatic and are found incidentally. Here we report a case of an eight-year-old girl with a massive hemorrhagic presentation of a left parietooccipital CCM.
Folate metabolism biomarkers from two randomised placebo-controlled clinical studies with paroxetine and venlafaxine.
The world journal of biological psychiatry : the official journal of the World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry, 2021

Based on the hypothesis of a role for folate and vitamin B12 in major depressive disorders (MDD), we aimed at validating the association between folate pathway biomarkers and depression or antidepressant response in clinical trial populations.
Seth D. Pollak: award for distinguished scientific early career contributions to psychology.
The American psychologist, 2006

Presents the citation for Seth D. Pollak, who received the Award for Distinguished Scientific Early Career Contributions to Psychology (developmental psychology) "for his research on the mechanisms of emotional development using an innovative combination of methods from psychophysics, neuroscience, and behavioral endocrinology." A brief profile and a selected bibliography accompany the citation. ((c) 2006 APA, all rights reserved).
[Neurousurpation--the expropriation and suppression of Dölle's neurobiological pioneer work].
Psychotherapie, Psychosomatik, medizinische Psychologie, 2011

The discovery of a hitherto unpublished dissertational thesis in the archive of a publishing house has lead to a lost publication by Ernst August Dölle. In this manuscript, the author reports on the stimulation of a cerebral libido area in the dog, long before Olds and Milner published their work on the discovery of the rewarding area. The reasons for the suppression of this early publication by Dölle are investigated and are ascribed to an effort to use his neurobiologic research for secret mental manipulation experiments of the CIA at the beginning of the Cold War.
Precisely controlled visual stimulation to study experience-dependent neural plasticity in 
STAR protocols, 2021

Studies on visual experience-dependent plasticity can benefit tremendously from experimental protocols in which sensory stimulation is precisely controlled for extended periods over which neuronal, circuit, and behavioral plasticity occurs. Small vertebrates, such as