rudyvdbrink/CitationDatabase huggingface dataset:
Prognosis of Asymptomatic Intracranial Stenosis in Patients With Transient Ischemic Attack and Minor Stroke.
JAMA neurology, 2020

Asymptomatic intracranial stenosis (ICS) is a frequent finding on imaging results, particularly in the assessment of acute stroke. Although the management of symptomatic ICS is informed by randomized trials, to our knowledge there are few data on the prevalence and prognosis of asymptomatic ICS in patients with stroke and transient ischemic attack (TIA).
Sex differences in brain metabolites in anxiety and mood disorders.
Psychiatry research. Neuroimaging, 2020

Gender differences in mood and anxiety disorders are well-established. However, the neural basis of these differences is not clear yet, especially in terms of brain metabolism. Indeed, although several proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (¹H MRS) investigations reported different metabolic levels in both depression and anxiety disorders, which have been also linked to symptoms severity and response to treatment, the role of gender on these differences have not been explored yet. Therefore, this study aims at investigating the role of sex in neurometabolic alterations associated with both mood and anxiety disorders. A 3T single-voxel ¹H MRS acquisition of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex was acquired from 14 Major Depressive Disorder, 10 Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD), 11 Panic Disorder (PD), patients and 16 healthy controls (HC). Among males, PD patients showed significantly lower GPC+PC (also observed in GAD+PD) and Glu levels compared to HC. Finally, a significant group x sex interaction effect was observed in the GPC+PC and Glu levels. We proved the presence of an association between sex and brain metabolites in anxiety spectrum.
Association of G20210A Prothrombin Gene Mutation and Cerebral Ischemic Stroke in Young Patients.
Cureus, 2020

Ischemic stroke is an acute episode of neurological dysfunction resulting from the focal brain and spinal cord infarction. Many etiologies have been reported and vary significantly with the age of the patients. This study aims to show the association of G20210A prothrombin gene mutation and cerebral ischemic stroke in young patients. The prothrombin gene mutation is the second most common inherited thrombophilia after the factor V mutation. In this single missense mutation, guanine is substituted by adenine base pair in the nucleotide position 20210 of the 3'-untranslated region of the prothrombin gene, resulting in abnormal thrombin production predisposing to both arterial or venous thrombosis. Forty-seven relevant articles were selected after a thorough screening process using a regular keyword 'G20210A Prothrombin' and/or 'Ischemic Stroke' mostly from the PubMed database. We included the studies that are published in the last 22 years with patients age ≤57 years. This review article depicts the association of G20210A prothrombin gene mutation with ischemic stroke in young patients irrespective of ethnicity and zygosity status of their genotype. However, more multicenter prospective studies are needed to better understand the application of prothrombin gene mutation in predicting the associated risk of ischemic stroke in young patients and its importance in deciding the patients' treatment or prognosis.
Zolpidem increases sleep efficiency and the respiratory arousal threshold without changing sleep apnoea severity and pharyngeal muscle activity.
The Journal of physiology, 2020

A decreased respiratory arousal threshold is one of the main contributors to obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) pathogenesis. Several recent studies have sought to find a drug capable of increasing the respiratory arousal threshold without impairing pharyngeal muscle activity to reduce OSA severity, with variable success. Here we show that zolpidem increases the respiratory arousal threshold by ∼15%, an effect size which was insufficient to systematically decrease OSA severity as measured by the apnoea-hypopnoea index. Unlike recent physiological findings that showed paradoxical increases in pharyngeal muscle responsiveness during transient manipulations of airway pressure, zolpidem did not alter pharyngeal muscle responsiveness during natural sleep. It did, however, increase sleep efficiency without changing apnoea length, oxygen desaturation, next-day perceived sleepiness and alertness. These novel findings indicate that zolpidem was well tolerated and effective in promoting sleep in people with OSA, which may be therapeutically useful for people with OSA and comorbid insomnia.
Ultrasound elastography for the differential diagnosis of nipple retraction.
Journal of medical ultrasonics (2001), 2013

Nipple retraction is difficult to diagnose radiologically and extremely worrisome for patients. It occurs most commonly due to pathologies such as previous mastitis or an infiltrative malignancy. With this in mind, the goal of this study was to differentiate benign from malignant lesions of nipple retraction, using the differential characteristics of retroareolar area stiffness, observed by means of the new technological modality of ultrasound elastography (USE).
Lipids and phosphates at odds in synaptic depression.
The Journal of biological chemistry, 2018

Long-term depression (LTD) is a reduction in the efficacy of neuronal synapses, but the molecular basis of LTD signaling and how these signals lead to phenotypic outcomes, such as the shrinkage of synaptic regions, is not clear. In a new report, Woolfrey
The 'Threat of Scream' paradigm: a tool for studying sustained physiological and subjective anxiety.
Scientific reports, 2020

Progress in understanding the emergence of pathological anxiety depends on the availability of paradigms effective in inducing anxiety in a simple, consistent and sustained manner. The Threat-of-Shock paradigm has typically been used to elicit anxiety, but poses ethical issues when testing vulnerable populations. Moreover, it is not clear from past studies whether anxiety can be sustained in experiments of longer durations. Here, we present empirical support for an alternative approach, the 'Threat-of-Scream' paradigm, in which shocks are replaced by screams. In two studies, participants were repeatedly exposed to blocks in which they were at risk of hearing aversive screams at any time vs. blocks in which they were safe from screams. Contrary to previous 'Threat-of-Scream' studies, we ensured that our screams were neither harmful nor intolerable by presenting them at low intensity. We found higher subjective reports of anxiety, higher skin conductance levels, and a positive correlation between the two measures, in threat compared to safe blocks. These results were reproducible and we found no significant change over time. The unpredictable delivery of low intensity screams could become an essential part of a psychology toolkit, particularly when investigating the impact of anxiety in a diversity of cognitive functions and populations.
Relationships between Dream and Previous Wake Emotions Assessed through the Italian Modified Differential Emotions Scale.
Brain sciences, 2020

Despite the increasing interest in sleep and dream-related processes of emotion regulation, their reflection into wake and dream emotional experience remains unclear. Here, we aimed to assess dream emotions and their relationships with wake emotions through the modified Differential Emotions Scale (Fredrickson, 2003), which includes a broad array of both positive and negative emotions. The scale has been first validated on 212 healthy Italian participants, in two versions: a WAKE-2wks form, assessing the frequency of 22 emotions over the past 2 weeks, and a WAKE-24hr form, assessing their intensity over the past 24 h. Fifty volunteers from the wider sample completed the WAKE-24hr mDES for several days until a dream was recalled, and dream emotions were self-reported using the same scale. A bifactorial structure was confirmed for both mDES forms, which also showed good validity and reliability. Though Positive and Negative Affect (average intensity of positive and negative items, PA, and NA, respectively) were balanced in dreams, specific negative emotions prevailed; rmANOVA showed a different pattern (prevalence of PA and positive emotions) in wake (both WAKE-2wks and WAKE-24hr), with a decrease of PA and an increase of NA in the dream compared to previous wake. No significant regression model emerged between waking and dream affect, and exploratory analyses revealed a stable proportion of PA and NA (with prevailing PA) over the 3 days preceding the dream. Our findings highlight a discontinuity between wake and dream affect and suggest that positive and negative emotions experienced during wake may undertake distinct sleep-related regulation pathways.
Intoxication Effects on Impulsive Alcohol Choice in Heavy Drinkers: Correlation With Sensation Seeking and Differential Effects by Commodity.
Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research, 2021

The preference for immediate rewards and high sensation seeking are both potent risk factors for alcohol use disorder (AUD), but how they interact during intoxication is poorly understood. To model decision making linked to AUD risk, we tested heavy drinkers for impulsive choice (delay discounting with alcohol:money or money:money) and behavioral sensation seeking using a novel odor choice task. Laboratory tasks measured actual behavior with real contingencies. Our goals were to determine, in heavy drinkers, (i) alcohol's effects on delay discounting, and (ii) how AUD risk factors relate to delay discounting, and (iii) how delay discounting with alcohol choices compares with strictly monetary choices.
Basis for metabolite-dependent Cullin-RING ligase deneddylation by the COP9 signalosome.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2020

The Cullin-RING ligases (CRLs) are the largest family of ubiquitin E3s activated by neddylation and regulated by the deneddylase COP9 signalosome (CSN). The inositol polyphosphate metabolites promote the formation of CRL-CSN complexes, but with unclear mechanism of action. Here, we provide structural and genetic evidence supporting inositol hexakisphosphate (IP
Role of vehicle assistive devices for safe return to driving after severe acquired brain injury.
European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicine, 2020

Driving is a complex activity that requires a wide range of cognitive, behavioral, sensory and motor competences that are often impaired in cases of severe acquired brain injury (sABI). A safe return to driving is an objective significantly correlated with recovery of personal independence and social-occupational role.
Selective activation of D1 dopamine receptors exerts antidepressant-like activity in rats.
Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England), 2020

Major depressive disorder is a common illness that severely decreases psychosocial functioning. Due to the major limitations of current treatments including response failure, it is crucial to develop better therapy strategies. Evidence suggests that dopamine dysregulation might play a major role in major depressive disorder physiopathology.
Immunostaining in whole-mount lipid-cleared peripheral nerves and dorsal root ganglia after neuropathy in mice.
Scientific reports, 2019

Immunohistochemical characterization of primary afferent fibers (intact or after nerve damage) is traditionally performed in thin sections from dorsal root ganglia (DRGs) or in teased fibers, as light scattering in whole-mounts compromises visualization. These procedures are time-consuming, require specific equipment and advanced experimental skills. Lipid-clearing techniques are increasing in popularity, but they have never been used for the peripheral nervous system. We established a modified, inexpensive clearing method based on lipid-removal protocols to make transparent peripheral nerve tissue (inCLARITY). We compared retrograde-labeling and free-floating immunostaining with cryo-sections. Confocal microscopy on whole-mount transparent DRGs showed neurons marked with retrograde tracers applied to experimental neuromas (Retrobeads, Fluoro-ruby, Fluoro-emerald, DiI, and Fluoro-gold). After immunostaining with calcitonin gene-related peptide (peptidergic) or isolectin IB4 (non-peptidergic), nociceptors were visualized. Immunostaining in transparent whole-mount nerves allows simultaneous evaluation of the axotomized branches containing the neuroma and neighboring intact branches as they can be mounted preserving their anatomical disposition and fiber integrity. The goal of our study was to optimize CLARITY for its application in peripheral nerve tissues. The protocol is compatible with the use of retrograde tracers and improves immunostaining outcomes when compared to classical cryo-sectioning, as lack of lipids maximizes antibody penetration within the tissue.
Parallel processing streams in the hippocampus.
Current opinion in neurobiology, 2020

The hippocampus performs two complementary processes, pattern separation and pattern completion, to minimize interference and maximize the storage capacity of memories. Classic computational models have suggested that the dentate gyrus (DG) supports pattern separation and the putative attractor circuitry in CA3 supports pattern completion. However, recent evidence of functional heterogeneity along the CA3 transverse axis of the hippocampus suggests that the DG and proximal CA3 work as a functional unit for pattern separation, while distal CA3 forms an autoassociative network for pattern completion. We propose that the outputs of these functional circuits, combined with direct projections from entorhinal cortex to CA1, form interconnected, parallel processing circuits to support accurate memory storage and retrieval.
Electrophysiological and behavioral properties of 4-aminopyridine-induced epileptic activity in mice.
Biologia futura, 2020

4-aminopyridine (4-AP) is a widely used drug that induces seizure activity in rodents, especially in rats, although there is no consensus in the literature on the dose to be used in mice. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of the intraperitoneal administration of 4-AP in two doses (4 and 10 mg/kg) in vivo. EEG, movement, and video recordings were made simultaneously in male B6 mice to specify the details of the seizures and to determine whether there is a suitable non-lethal dose for seizure induction and for further molecular studies. Seizure behavior in mice differs from that seen in rats, with no characteristic stages of epileptic seizures, but with spiking and seizure activity. Seizure activity, although produced at both doses without being lethal, induced different changes of the EEG pattern. Smaller dose induced a lower amplitude seizure activity, decreased spiking activity and later onset of seizures, while higher dose induced a much more intense brain seizure activity and severe trembling. It is concluded that the intraperitoneal administration of 4-AP at a dose of 10 mg/kg induces explicit seizure activity in mice which is repeatable and can be suitable for further molecular research.
Machine learning in neurosurgery: a global survey.
Acta neurochirurgica, 2020

Recent technological advances have led to the development and implementation of machine learning (ML) in various disciplines, including neurosurgery. Our goal was to conduct a comprehensive survey of neurosurgeons to assess the acceptance of and attitudes toward ML in neurosurgical practice and to identify factors associated with its use.
Lipoxin A4 promotes reduction and antibiotic efficacy against Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm.
Prostaglandins & other lipid mediators, 2021

Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is an opportunistic bacterium commonly found in wound infections and airways of cystic fibrosis patients. P. aeruginosa readily forms biofilms which can reduce the efficacy of antibiotics used to eradicate the pathogen. We have previously shown that a Specialized Pro-resolving Mediator (SPM), Lipoxin A4 (LxA
Psychophysiological responses to various slow, deep breathing techniques.
Psychophysiology, 2021

Deep breathing exercises are commonly used for several health conditions including pain and hypertension. Various techniques are available to practice deep breathing, whereas possible differential psychophysiological effects have not been investigated. We compared four deep breathing techniques and examined outcomes in blood pressure variability, respiratory sinus arrhythmia, baroreflex function, and emotional state. Healthy adult volunteers performed pursed-lips breathing, left and right unilateral nostril breathing, and deep breathing with an inspiratory threshold load (loaded breathing), all at a frequency of 0.1 Hz (i.e., controlled breathing) and for three minutes each. Results showed that blood pressure variability was higher during loaded breathing versus other conditions and higher during pursed-lips breathing versus left and right unilateral nostril breathing. Respiratory sinus arrhythmia was higher during loaded breathing versus other conditions and higher during pursed-lips breathing versus left unilateral nostril breathing. The effect of breathing condition on respiratory sinus arrhythmia was mediated by alterations in blood pressure variability. There was no difference between the breathing conditions in baroreflex sensitivity or effectiveness. Participants rated pursed-lips breathing as more calming and pleasant and with more sense of control (vs. other conditions). Overall, among the four tested deep breathing techniques, loaded breathing was associated with enhanced cardiovascular effects and pursed-lips breathing with better emotional responses, while also enhancing cardiovascular effects (albeit less than loaded breathing). These findings can be informative in applying deep breathing techniques as self-management interventions for health conditions, in which baroreceptors stimulation and autonomic and emotional modulations can be beneficial, such as pain and hypertension.
The fate of noradrenaline and adrenaline in the perfused cod spleen.
Fish physiology and biochemistry, 1989

The time course of appearance of catecholamine metabolites was studied in the spleen of cod,Gadus morhua, during perfusion with radioactively labelled noradrenaline and adrenaline at 10°C. The tlag for appearance of the metabolites ranged between 1.78 and 6.76 min after onset of perfusion for both amines, indicating a rapid disposition of catecholamines. Perfusion with noradrenaline resulted in mainly MOPEG, VMA and DOMA formation, while perfusion with adrenaline additionally resulted in MN formation. There was still formation of deaminated metabolites after denervation, which indicates an additional non-neuronal site of deamination. It is concluded from the study that the fate of noradrenaline and adrenaline within the cod spleen depends on their affinities for the two uptake mechanisms and an extraneuronal site of deamination of great importance cannot be excluded.
The Effect of a County Prehospital FAST-ED Initiative on Endovascular Treatment Times.
Journal of stroke and cerebrovascular diseases : the official journal of National Stroke Association, 2020

Acute stroke outcomes depend on timely reperfusion. In 3/2017, local EMS agencies implemented a prehospital triage algorithm with hospital bypass and field activation of the neurointerventional team using the Field Assessment Stroke Triage for Emergency Destination (FAST-ED). A score ≥4 bypasses to a comprehensive stroke center (CSC) and a score ≥6 also has the interventional team field activated off-hours.
Effect of power feature covariance shift on BCI spatial-filtering techniques: A comparative study.
Computer methods and programs in biomedicine, 2021

The input data distributions of EEG-based BCI systems can change during intra-session transitions due to nonstationarity caused by features covariate shifts, thus compromising BCI performance. We aimed to identify the most robust spatial filtering approach, among most used methods, testing them on calibration dataset, and test dataset recorded 30 min afterwards. In addition, we also investigated if their performance improved after application of Stationary Subspace Analysis (SSA).
Parkinson's Disease: Unanticipated Sequela of an Attempted Suicide.
Cureus, 2020

Studies exploring the association between pesticide exposure and Parkinson's disease (PD) are largely limited to rural populations with occupational exposure. We could find no literature regarding PD occurring after ingestion of a pesticide. We present a case from our clinic of a man who developed PD following ingestion of a liquid pesticide during a suicide attempt. PD was diagnosed, and the patient's symptoms improved following initiation of carbidopa/levodopa. This case illustrates the potential role of ingested pesticide exposure in provoking and accelerating the manifestations of PD.
Sex-Specific Vasopressin Signaling Buffers Stress-Dependent Synaptic Changes in Female Mice.
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2020

In many species, social networks provide benefit for both the individual and the collective. In addition to transmitting information to others, social networks provide an emotional buffer for distressed individuals. Our understanding about the cellular mechanisms that contribute to buffering is poor. Stress has consequences for the entire organism, including a robust change in synaptic plasticity at glutamate synapses onto corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) neurons in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN). In females, however, this stress-induced metaplasticity is buffered by the presence of a naive partner. This buffering may be because of discrete behavioral interactions, signals in the context in which the interaction occurs (i.e., olfactory cues), or it may be influenced by local signaling events in the PVN. Here, we show that local vasopressin (VP) signaling in PVN buffers the short-term potentiation (STP) at glutamate synapses after stress. This social buffering of metaplasticity, which requires the presence of another individual, was prevented by pharmacological inhibition of the VP 1a receptor (V1aR) in female mice. Exogenous VP mimicked the effects of social buffering and reduced STP in CRH
Role of Pre-Synaptic NMDA Receptors in the Modulation of Inhibitory Synaptic Transmission in Sensory-Motor and Visual Cortical Pyramidal Neurons in Brain Slices of Young Epileptic Mice.
The Malaysian journal of medical sciences : MJMS, 2018

Previous studies from animal models have shown that pre-synaptic NMDA receptors (preNMDARs) are present in the cortex, but the role of inhibition mediated by preNMDARs during epileptogenesis remains unclear. In this study, we wanted to observe the changes in GABAergic inhibition through preNMDARs in sensory-motor and visual cortical pyramidal neurons after pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus.
Metformin inhibits RAN translation through PKR pathway and mitigates disease in 
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2020

Repeat associated non-AUG (RAN) translation is found in a growing number of microsatellite expansion diseases, but the mechanisms remain unclear. We show that RAN translation is highly regulated by the double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR). In cells, structured CAG, CCUG, CAGG, and G