rudyvdbrink/CitationDatabase huggingface dataset:
Activation of ventrolateral orbital cortex improves mouse neuropathic pain-induced anxiodepression.
JCI insight, 2020

Depression and anxiety are frequently observed in patients suffering from neuropathic pain. The underlying mechanisms remained unclear. The ventrolateral orbital cortex (VLO) has attracted considerable interest in its role in antidepressive effect in rodents. In the present study, we further investigated the role of the VLO in the anxiodepressive consequences of neuropathic pain in a chronic constriction injury of infraorbital nerve-induced trigeminal neuralgia (TN) mouse model. Elevated plus maze, open field, forced swimming, tail suspension, and sucrose preference tests were used to evaluate anxiodepressive-like behaviors. The results show that chemogenetic activation of bilateral VLO neurons, especially CaMK2A+ pyramidal neurons, blocked the TN-induced anxiodepressive-like behaviors. Chemogenetic and optogenetic activation of VGLUT2+ or inhibition of VGAT+ VLO neurons was sufficient to produce an antianxiodepressive effect in TN mice. Pharmacological activation of D1-like receptors (D1Rs) but not D2Rs in the VLO significantly alleviated TN-induced depressive-like behaviors. Electrophysiological recordings revealed a decreased excitability of VLO excitatory neurons following neuropathic pain. Furthermore, activation of submedius thalamic nucleus-VLO (Sm-VLO) projection mimicked the antianxiodepressive effect of VLO excitation. Conversely, activation of VLO-periaqueductal gray matter (PAG) projection had no effect on TN-induced anxiodepressive behaviors. This study provides a potentially novel mechanism-based therapeutic strategy for the anxiodepressive consequences of neuropathic pain.
Evaluation of a personally-tailored opioid overdose prevention education and naloxone distribution intervention to promote harm reduction and treatment readiness in individuals actively using illicit opioids.
Drug and alcohol dependence, 2020

Opioid overdose prevention education and naloxone distribution (OEND) programs include information on general risk factors, overdose recognition, and naloxone utilization. This study evaluated a personally-tailored OEND (PTOEND) intervention designed to promote harm reduction and treatment readiness for illicit opioid users by also including education about personal overdose-risk factors and medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD).
All asleep-but inhibition is wide awake.
Neuron, 2008

Depending on the arousal state, neuronal networks display discrete activity patterns that profoundly affect information processing in the brain. In this issue of Neuron, Kurotani et al. report bidirectional modification of inhibition by oscillatory patterns in the neocortex; a mechanism likely to control the impact of these neurons in a state-dependent fashion.
Neurodevelopmental differences in child and adult number processing: An fMRI-based validation of the triple code model.
Developmental cognitive neuroscience, 2021

The triple code model of numerical cognition (TCM) details the neurocognitive mechanisms associated with perceiving and manipulating numerical information in exact symbolic (Arabic digits and number words) and approximate nonsymbolic numerical magnitude (e.g., dot arrays) representation codes. The current study provides a first empirical fMRI-based investigation into neurodevelopmental differences in 30 healthy children's and 44 healthy adults' recruitment of neural correlates associated with the Arabic digit, number word, and nonsymbolic magnitude codes. Differences between the two groups were found in cingulate regions commonly associated with domain-general aspects of cognitive control, as opposed to neural correlates of number processing per se. A primary developmental difference was identified in verbal number discrimination, where only adults recruited left-lateralized perisylvian language areas in accordance with the TCM. We therefore call for a revision of the verbal code and a formulation of separate child and adult-specific neurocognitive mechanisms associated with the discrimination of number words. Although further research is necessary, results indicate that numerical discrimination abilities in middle-school-aged children operate close to adult-level maturity. Neurodevelopmental differences may be more apparent in younger children, or on the level of functional network dynamics as opposed to a shift in recruited neural substrates.
The sense of self in the aftermath of trauma: lessons from the default mode network in posttraumatic stress disorder.
European journal of psychotraumatology, 2020

Trauma can profoundly affect the sense of self, where both cognitive and somatic disturbances to the sense of self are reported clinically by individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). These disturbances are captured eloquently by clinical accounts, such as, 'I do not know myself anymore,' 'I will never be able to experience normal emotions again,' and, 'I feel dead inside.' Self-related thoughts and experiences are represented neurobiologically by a large-scale, cortical network located along the brain's mid-line and referred to as the default mode network (DMN). Recruited predominantly during rest in healthy participants, the DMN is also active during self-referential and autobiographical memory processing - processes which, collectively, are thought to provide the foundation for a stable sense of self that persists across time and may be available for conscious access. In participants with PTSD, however, the DMN shows substantially reduced resting-state functional connectivity as compared to healthy individuals, with greater reductions associated with heightened PTSD symptom severity. Critically, individuals with PTSD describe frequently that their traumatic experiences have become intimately linked to their perceived sense of self, a perception which may be mediated, in part, by alterations in the DMN. Accordingly, identification of alterations in the functional connectivity of the DMN during rest, and during subliminal, trauma-related stimulus conditions, has the potential to offer critical insight into the dynamic interplay between trauma- and self-related processing in PTSD. Here, we discuss DMN-related alterations during these conditions, pointing further towards the clinical significance of these findings in relation to past- and present-centred therapies for the treatment of PTSD.
Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Val66Met polymorphism interacts with adolescent stress to alter hippocampal interneuron density and dendritic morphology in mice.
Neurobiology of stress, 2020

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays essential roles in GABAergic interneuron development. The common BDNF val66met polymorphism, leads to decreased activity-dependent release of BDNF. The current study used a humanized mouse model of the BDNF val66met polymorphism to determine how reduced activity-dependent release of BDNF, both on its own, and in combination with chronic adolescent stress hormone, impact hippocampal GABAergic interneuron cell density and dendrite morphology. Male and female Val/Val and Met/Met mice were exposed to corticosterone (CORT) or placebo in their drinking water from weeks 6-8, before brains were perfuse-fixed at 15 weeks. Cell density and dendrite morphology of immunofluorescent labelled inhibitory interneurons; somatostatin, parvalbumin and calretinin in the CA1, and 3 and dentate gyrus (DG) across the dorsal (DHP) and ventral hippocampus (VHP) were assessed by confocal z-stack imaging, and IMARIS dendritic mapping software. Mice with the Met/Met genotype showed significantly lower somatostatin cell density compared to Val/Val controls in the DHP, and altered somatostatin interneuron dendrite morphology including branch depth, and spine density. Parvalbumin-positive interneurons were unchanged between genotype groups, however BDNF val66met genotype influenced the dendritic volume, branch level and spine density of parvalbumin interneurons differentially across hippocampal subregions. Contrary to this, no such effects were observed for calretinin-positive interneurons. Adolescent exposure to CORT treatment also significantly altered somatostatin and parvalbumin dendrite branch level and the combined effect of Met/Met genotype and CORT treatment significantly reduced somatostatin and parvalbumin dendrite spine density. In sum, the BDNF
Multifactorial inheritance, rates of maturation and psychiatry's taxonomic dilemma: on Saugstad's "radical proposition" for two extremes of brain function and structure.
European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience, 2008

This paper reviews aspects of Letten F. Saugstad's Maturation Theory in relation to the Kraepelinian dichotomy and psychiatric classification. The maturation theory is based on existing neuroscience, cross-national and mental health case register data and offers an innovative alternative to current etiological formulations. The maturational theory holds (1) that manic depressive illness relates to early maturation and (2) the schizophrenic syndrome relates to late maturation. The foundation of these processes lies in cerebral pruning of excitatory synapses particularly at puberty but also at a number of earlier crucial periods in development. The process of synaptic pruning has by puberty eliminated some 40% of the synapses, leading to the disappearance of glutematergic excitatory synapses without apparently appreciably influencing inhibitory GABAergic neurons. As a consequence, early maturation is related to the manic-depressive syndrome and characterized by increased neural excitability. Conversely, late maturation is related to schizophrenia characterized by diminished neural activity. Saugstad demonstrates using cross-national and neuroscience studies the multifactoral and environmental influences on rates of maturation and thereby mental illness. Using these data Saugstad reasons her agreement with the Kraepelinian dichotomy based on the existence of two extremes in brain structure and function developed through interactions between the person and the environment.
Chronic administration of 13-cis-retinoic acid does not alter the number of serotoninergic neurons in the mouse raphe nuclei.
Neuroscience, 2011

The synthetic retinoid 13-cis-retinoic acid (13-cis-RA), prescribed for the treatment of severe nodular acne, has been linked to an increased incidence of depression. Chronic treatment studies in rodents have shown that 13-cis-RA induces an increase in depression-related behaviours and a functional uncoupling of the hippocampus and dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN). Changes in the number of serotoninergic neurons in the DRN have been reported in depressed human patients. Given that retinoids have apoptotic effects, we hypothesized that a decrease in the number of serotoninergic neurons in the DRN or median raphe nucleus (MRN) would lead to decreased serotoninergic tone and in turn to the behavioural changes seen with 13-cis-RA administration. Here, we used immunolabelling and unbiased stereological methods to estimate the number of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) neurons in the MRN and DRN of vehicle control and 13-cis-RA-treated adult mice. In the MRN, the number of 5-HT immunolabelled cells was 1815±194 in control, compared with 1954±111 in 13-cis-RA treated tissues. The number of 5-HT immunolabelled cells was much higher in the DRN, with 7148±377 cells in the control, compared with 7578±424 in the 13-cis-RA treated group. Further analysis of the DRN revealed that there were no changes in the number of 5-HT neurons within distinct subregions of the DRN. Similarly, changes in the density of serotoninergic neurons or in the volume of the MRN or DRN were not observed in 13-cis-RA treated animals. These data show that apoptotic actions of 13-cis-RA do not occur in vivo at drug concentrations that induce changes in depression-related behaviour and functional uncoupling of the DRN and hippocampus. The potential pro-depressant behavioural and molecular effects associated with chronic administration of 13-cis-RA may result from changes in serotoninergic activity rather than changes in the number of serotoninergic neurons.
Reliability and validity of the functioning assessment short test for older adults with bipolar disorder (FAST-O).
International journal of bipolar disorders, 2020

Many frequently used instruments fail to assess psychosocial functioning in patients with bipolar disorder. The Functioning Assessment Short Test (FAST) was developed in order to tackle this problem and to assess the main functioning problems experienced by patients with bipolar disorder. However, the original FAST is not fully applicable in older adults due to the domain of occupational functioning. The aim of our study was to validate an adapted version for Older adults (FAST-O) in a group of older adults with bipolar disorder (OABD).
A Retrospective, Pooled Suicidality Evaluation of Ropinirole Immediate Release and Controlled Release for the Treatment of Restless Legs Syndrome.
Clinical therapeutics, 2015

Based on an internal request, GlaxoSmithKline conducted a retrospective pooled analysis of randomized controlled trials to compare suicidality in adult subjects with restless legs syndrome (RLS) who were being treated with ropinirole. The objective was to proactively evaluate the incidence of potentially suicidal thoughts or behaviors (suicidality) among patients with RLS treated with ropinirole immediate release (IR) or controlled release (CR).
CREB transcription in the medial prefrontal cortex regulates the formation of long-term associative recognition memory.
Learning & memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.), 2020

The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is known to be critical for specific forms of long-term recognition memory, however the cellular mechanisms in the mPFC that underpin memory maintenance have not been well characterized. This study examined the importance of phosphorylation of cAMP responsive element binding protein (CREB) in the mPFC for different forms of long-term recognition memory in the rat. Adenoviral transduction of the mPFC with a dominant-negative inhibitor of CREB impaired object-in-place memory following a 6 or 24 h retention delay, but no impairment was observed following delays of 5 min or 3 h. Long-term object temporal order memory and spatial temporal order memory was also impaired. In contrast, there were no impairments in novel object recognition or object location memory. These results establish, for the first time, the importance of CREB phosphorylation within the mPFC for memory of associative and temporal information crucial to recognition.
Acceptability and Usability of Computerized Cognitive Assessment Among Australian Indigenous Residents of the Torres Strait Islands.
Archives of clinical neuropsychology : the official journal of the National Academy of Neuropsychologists, 2020

This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the acceptability and usability of the Cogstate Brief Battery (CBB) in a community-based sample of Australian Indigenous people from the Torres Strait region, based on a user experience framework of human-computer interaction.
Nonlinear analysis of saccade speed fluctuations during combined action and perception tasks.
Journal of neuroscience methods, 2014

Saccades are rapid eye movements used to gather information about a scene which requires both action and perception. These are usually studied separately, so that how perception influences action is not well understood. In a dual task, where the subject looks at a target and reports a decision, subtle changes in the saccades might be caused by action-perception interactions. Studying saccades might provide insight into how brain pathways for action and for perception interact.
The efficacy and safety of influenza vaccination in older people: An umbrella review of evidence from meta-analyses of both observational and randomized controlled studies.
Ageing research reviews, 2020

Vaccination is the main public health intervention to prevent influenza. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of influenza vaccination including systematic reviews and meta-analyses of observational studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Peer-reviewed systematic reviews with meta-analyses of prospective studies that investigated the association of influenza vaccination with any health-related outcome, as well as RCTs that investigated the efficacy and safety of influenza vaccination, were included. Among 1240 references, 6 meta-analyses were included. In cohort studies of community-dwelling older people influenza vaccination was associated with a lower risk of hospitalization for heart disease and for influenza/pneumonia (strength of evidence: convincing). Evidence in lowering the risk of mortality in community-dwelling older people, of all deaths/severe respiratory diseases in high risk community-dwelling older people and of hospitalization for influenza/pneumonia in case-control studies, was highly suggestive. In RCTs, influenza vaccination, compared to placebo/no intervention, was associated to higher risk of local tenderness/sore arm and to a reduced risk of influenza like-illness. Both these associations showed moderate evidence using the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation). In conclusion, influenza vaccination in older people seems safe and effective. Further, the evidence on safety and efficacy of vaccines in this population might benefit by an extension of the follow-up period both in RCTs and in longitudinal studies, beyond the usual 6-month period, in order to be able to evaluate the impact of vaccination on long term outcomes.
A rare case of Kawasaki disease with giant coronary artery aneurysm.
Indian journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery, 2021

Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute, self-limiting vasculitis that occurs in children of all ages. This was first described by Kawasaki in 1967. Spontaneous regression is observed; however, 25% of patients develop coronary artery aneurysm (CAA). These may result in ischaemic heart disease causing myocardial infarction, rupture leading to pericardial tamponade and distal embolization which culminate in sudden cardiac death. Diagnosis of KD relies on clinical suspicion with no gold standard diagnostic test. A case of KD with giant CAA in a 14-year-old female is described with emphasis on challenges pre- and peri-operatively. The review provided post description of the case emphasizes on pathophysiology with clinical course of CAA in association with KD and justification of our approach with an insight into newer treatment modalities.
Inter-Subject Variability of Skull Conductivity and Thickness in Calibrated Realistic Head Models.
NeuroImage, 2020

Skull conductivity has a substantial influence on EEG and combined EEG and MEG source analysis as well as on optimized transcranial electric stimulation. To overcome the use of standard literature values, we propose a non-invasive two-level calibration procedure to estimate skull conductivity individually in a group study with twenty healthy adults. Our procedure requires only an additional run of combined somatosensory evoked potential and field data, which can be easily integrated in EEG/MEG experiments. The calibration procedure uses the P20/N20 topographies and subject-specific realistic head models from MRI. We investigate the inter-subject variability of skull conductivity and relate it to skull thickness, age and gender of the subjects, to the individual scalp P20/N20 surface distance between the P20 potential peak and the N20 potential trough as well as to the individual source depth of the P20/N20 source. We found a considerable inter-subject variability for (calibrated) skull conductivity (8.44 ± 4.84 mS/m) and skull thickness (5.97 ± 1.19 mm) with a statistically significant correlation between them (rho = 0.52). Age showed a statistically significant negative correlation with skull conductivity (rho = -0.5). Furthermore, P20/N20 surface distance and source depth showed large inter-subject variability of 12.08 ± 3.21 cm and 15.45 ± 4.54 mm, respectively, but there was no significant correlation between them. We also found no significant differences among gender subgroups for the investigated measures. It is thus important to take the inter-subject variability of skull conductivity and thickness into account by means of using subject-specific calibrated realistic head modeling.
APOE-ε4-related differences in left thalamic microstructure in cognitively healthy adults.
Scientific reports, 2020

APOE-ε4 is a main genetic risk factor for developing late onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) and is thought to interact adversely with other risk factors on the brain. However, evidence regarding the impact of APOE-ε4 on grey matter structure in asymptomatic individuals remains mixed. Much attention has been devoted to characterising APOE-ε4-related changes in the hippocampus, but LOAD pathology is known to spread through the whole of the Papez circuit including the limbic thalamus. Here, we tested the impact of APOE-ε4 and two other risk factors, a family history of dementia and obesity, on grey matter macro- and microstructure across the whole brain in 165 asymptomatic individuals (38-71 years). Microstructural properties of apparent neurite density and dispersion, free water, myelin and cell metabolism were assessed with Neurite Orientation Density and Dispersion (NODDI) and quantitative magnetization transfer (qMT) imaging. APOE-ε4 carriers relative to non-carriers had a lower macromolecular proton fraction (MPF) in the left thalamus. No risk effects were present for cortical thickness, subcortical volume, or NODDI indices. Reduced thalamic MPF may reflect inflammation-related tissue swelling and/or myelin loss in APOE-ε4. Future prospective studies should investigate the sensitivity and specificity of qMT-based MPF as a non-invasive biomarker for LOAD risk.
Effect of volatile anesthetics on mortality and clinical outcomes in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.
Minerva anestesiologica, 2020

It remains unclear whether intraoperative use of volatile anesthetics has a positive effect on postoperative clinical outcomes in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Therefore, we aimed to systematically analyze the long- and short-term mortality rates and the clinical outcomes of volatile anesthesia compared to those of total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) in patients undergoing CABG.