rudyvdbrink/CitationDatabase huggingface dataset:
The Natural History, Pathobiology, and Clinical Manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 Infections.
Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology, 2020

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the etiological agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). SARS-CoV-2, is a positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus with epithelial cell and respiratory system proclivity. Like its predecessor, SARS-CoV, COVID-19 can lead to life-threatening disease. Due to wide geographic impact affecting an extremely high proportion of the world population it was defined by the World Health Organization as a global public health pandemic. The infection is known to readily spread from person-to-person. This occurs through liquid droplets by cough, sneeze, hand-to-mouth-to-eye contact and through contaminated hard surfaces. Close human proximity accelerates SARS-CoV-2 spread. COVID-19 is a systemic disease that can move beyond the lungs by blood-based dissemination to affect multiple organs. These organs include the kidney, liver, muscles, nervous system, and spleen. The primary cause of SARS-CoV-2 mortality is acute respiratory distress syndrome initiated by epithelial infection and alveolar macrophage activation in the lungs. The early cell-based portal for viral entry is through the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor. Viral origins are zoonotic with genomic linkages to the bat coronaviruses but without an identifiable intermediate animal reservoir. There are currently few therapeutic options, and while many are being tested, although none are effective in curtailing the death rates. There is no available vaccine yet. Intense global efforts have targeted research into a better understanding of the epidemiology, molecular biology, pharmacology, and pathobiology of SARS-CoV-2. These fields of study will provide the insights directed to curtailing this disease outbreak with intense international impact. Graphical Abstract.
Progress towards a needle-free hepatitis B vaccine.
Pharmaceutical research, 2011

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a worldwide public health problem. Vaccination is the most efficient way to prevent hepatitis B. Despite the success of the currently available vaccine, there is a clear need for the development of new generation of HBV vaccines. Needle-free immunization is an attractive approach for mass immunization campaigns, since avoiding the use of needles reduces the risk of needle-borne diseases and prevents needle-stick injuries and pain, thus augmenting patient compliance and eliminating the need for trained medical personnel. Moreover, this kind of immunization was shown to induce good systemic as well as mucosal immunological responses, which is important for the creation of both a prophylactic and therapeutic vaccine. In order to produce a better, safer, more efficient and more suitable vaccine, adjuvants have been used. In this article, several adjuvants tested over the years for their potential to help create a needle-free vaccine against HBV are reviewed.
Functional study of hyperpolarization activated channel (Ih) in Drosophila behavior.
Science China. Life sciences, 2012

Hyperpolarization-activated, cyclic nucleotide-gated and cation-nonselective ion channels (I ( h ) channels, or HCN channels) are known to play important roles in mammals. Their physiological functions in invertebrate remain largely unclear. Here, we report our studies with I ( h ) channel in Drosophila melanogaster. Drosophila Ih channel mutants are found with several defects by behavioral analyses. Their lifespan is reduced, and their chemical sensitivity is shifted. In addition, their length of sleep at light-dark condition is mildly reduced. We generated transgenic flies of I ( h ) promoter-driven Gal4 and examined its expression pattern in both larvae and adult flies. Our results suggest that I ( h ) channel may play diverse roles in Drosophila and provide a basis to further expand our understanding of Drosophila Ih channel function in vivo.
DHA, EPA and their combination at various ratios differently modulated Aβ
Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids, 2018

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), have been reported to prevent neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) in both experimental and clinical/epidemiological studies. However, whether DHA and EPA from natural products exert similar or different neuroprotective effects and how these n-3 PUFAs target cellular and molecular mechanisms associated with neurodegenerative disease pathogenesis are unknown. In the present study, we used amyloid-β (Aβ)
Changed PGA and POSTN levels in choroid plexus are associated with depressive-like behaviors in mice.
Biochemical and biophysical research communications, 2020

Major depressive disorder (MDD) has become a potential cause of death and disability among young people worldwide. Numerous studies have indicated that the different cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) proteins may be used as mediums for MDD. Given the emergent interest of CSF proteins in MDD, we validated proteins expression in the choroid plexus (CP), the brain region that produces CSF in the lateral ventricle, the third ventricle, and the fourth ventricle of the central nervous system (CNS). The CSF constantly exchanges molecular substances with the brain tissue, which can dynamically reflect the metabolic microenvironment of the brain. In our previous study, Pepsin A (PGA) and periostin (POSTN) was associated with depressive-like behaviors of depressed macaca fascicularis models in CSF. Moreover, proteins that are expressed in the CP can be secreted into the CSF and may be associated MDD. This study sought to demonstrate the discrepancy of PGA and POSTN in the CP between Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induce depressed mice models and wild type (WT) mice. Our findings suggest that PGA and POSTN expression in CP of mice could be a possible candidate pathogenesis involved in MDD, which may contribute to a better understanding and treatment of MDD.
A 5D computational phantom for pharmacokinetic simulation studies in dynamic emission tomography.
Computerized medical imaging and graphics : the official journal of the Computerized Medical Imaging Society, 2014

Dynamic image acquisition protocols are increasingly used in emission tomography for drug development and clinical research. As such, there is a need for computational phantoms to accurately describe both the spatial and temporal distribution of radiotracers, also accounting for periodic and non-periodic physiological processes occurring during data acquisition.
Bold zebrafish (Danio rerio) express higher levels of delta opioid and dopamine D2 receptors in the brain compared to shy fish.
Behavioural brain research, 2019

Individual variation in coping with environmental challenges is a well-known phenomenon across vertebrates, including teleost fish. Dopamine is the major transmitter in the brain reward networks, and important for motivational processes and stress coping. Functions of the endogenous opioid system are not well studied in teleosts. However, in mammals the activity in the brain reward networks is regulated by the endogenous opioid system. This study aimed at investigating if there was a correlation between risk-taking behavior and the expression of dopamine and opioid receptors in the zebrafish (Danio rerio) brain. Risk-taking behavior was assessed in a novel tank diving test, and the most extreme high risk taking, i.e. bold, and low risk taking, i.e. shy, fish were sampled for qPCR analysis of whole brain gene expression. The expression analysis showed a significantly higher expression of the dopamine D2 receptors (drd2a and drd2b) and the delta opioid receptor (DOR; oprd1b) in bold compared to shy fish. Besides reward and reinforcing properties, DORs are also involved in emotional responses. Dopamine D2 receptors are believed to be important for active stress coping in rodents, and taken together the results of the current study suggest similar functions in zebrafish. However, additional experiments are required to clarify how dopamine and opioid receptor activation affect behavior and stress coping in this species.
Diffusion of responsibility attenuates altruistic punishment: A functional magnetic resonance imaging effective connectivity study.
Human brain mapping, 2016

Humans altruistically punish violators of social norms to enforce cooperation and pro-social behaviors. However, such altruistic behaviors diminish when others are present, due to a diffusion of responsibility. We investigated the neural signatures underlying the modulations of diffusion of responsibility on altruistic punishment, conjoining a third-party punishment task with event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging and multivariate Granger causality mapping. In our study, participants acted as impartial third-party decision-makers and decided how to punish norm violations under two different social contexts: alone (i.e., full responsibility) or in the presence of putative other third-party decision makers (i.e., diffused responsibility). Our behavioral results demonstrated that the diffusion of responsibility served as a mediator of context-dependent punishment. In the presence of putative others, participants who felt less responsible also punished less severely in response to norm violations. Our neural results revealed that underlying this behavioral effect was a network of interconnected brain regions. For unfair relative to fair splits, the presence of others led to attenuated responses in brain regions implicated in signaling norm violations (e.g., AI) and to increased responses in brain regions implicated in calculating values of norm violations (e.g., vmPFC, precuneus) and mentalizing about others (dmPFC). The dmPFC acted as the driver of the punishment network, modulating target regions, such as AI, vmPFC, and precuneus, to adjust altruistic punishment behavior. Our results uncovered the neural basis of the influence of diffusion of responsibility on altruistic punishment and highlighted the role of the mentalizing network in this important phenomenon. Hum Brain Mapp 37:663-677, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Cognitive performance in relation to metabolic disturbances in patients with COPD.
Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland), 2021

Cognitive impairment (CI) and metabolic abnormalities, including the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and sarcopenia, are more prevalent in COPD patients compared to controls without diagnosed lung disease. Because earlier studies have shown these metabolic abnormalities may affect cognitive performance, this study investigated whether cognitive performance is more impaired in subgroups of COPD patients with MetS or sarcopenia.
The neuropathological basis of clinical progression in multiple sclerosis.
Acta neuropathologica, 2011

Multiple sclerosis is the major inflammatory condition affecting the central nervous system (CNS) and is characterised by disseminated focal immune-mediated demyelination. Demyelination is accompanied by variable axonal damage and loss and reactive gliosis. It is this pathology that is thought to be responsible for the clinical relapses that often respond well to immunomodulatory therapy. However, the later secondary progressive stage of MS remains largely refractory to treatment and it is widely suggested that accumulating axon loss is responsible for clinical progression. Although initially thought to be a white matter (WM) disease, it is increasingly apparent that extensive pathology is also seen in the grey matter (GM) throughout the CNS. GM pathology is characterised by demyelination in the relative absence of an immune cell infiltrate. Neuronal loss is also seen both in the GM lesions and in unaffected areas of the GM. The slow progressive nature of this later stage combined with the presence of extensive grey matter pathology has led to the suggestion that neurodegeneration might play an increasing role with increasing disease duration. However, there is a paucity of studies that have correlated the pathological features with clinical milestones during secondary progressive MS. Here, we review the contributions that the various types of pathology are likely to make to the increasing neurological deficit in MS.
Emergency computed tomography in patients with first seizure.
Seizure, 2017

To determine the frequency of emergent imaging findings on head computed tomography (CT) in an adult population of first seizure (FS) patients presenting to an emergency department (ED); and to search for associations between clinical features and emergent imaging findings among these patients.
Towards standardisation and improved understanding of sleep restriction therapy for insomnia disorder: A systematic examination of CBT-I trial content.
Sleep medicine reviews, 2015

Sleep restriction therapy is a core element of contemporary cognitive-behavioural therapy for insomnia and is also effective as a single-component therapeutic strategy. Since its original description, sleep restriction therapy has been applied in several different ways, potentially limiting understanding of key therapeutic ingredients, mode of action, evidence synthesis, and clinical implementation. We sought to examine the quality of reporting and variability in the application of sleep restriction therapy within the context of insomnia intervention trials. Systematic literature searches revealed 88 trials of cognitive-behavioural therapy/sleep restriction therapy that met pre-defined inclusion/exclusion criteria. All papers were coded in relation to their description of sleep restriction therapy procedures. Findings indicate that a large proportion of papers (39%) do not report any details regarding sleep restriction therapy parameters and, for those papers that do, variability in implementation is present at every level (sleep window generation, minimum time-in-bed, sleep efficiency titration criteria, and positioning of sleep window). Only 7% of papers reported all parameters of sleep restriction treatment. Poor reporting and variability in the application of sleep restriction therapy may hinder progress in relation to evidence synthesis, specification of mechanistic components, and refinement of therapeutic procedures for patient benefit. We set out guidelines for the reporting of sleep restriction therapy as well as a research agenda aimed at advancing understanding of sleep restriction therapy.
Effects of various generations of iterative CT reconstruction algorithms on low-contrast detectability as a function of the effective abdominal diameter: A quantitative task-based phantom study.
Physica medica : PM : an international journal devoted to the applications of physics to medicine and biology : official journal of the Italian Association of Biomedical Physics (AIFB), 2018

To investigate how various generations of iterative reconstruction (IR) algorithms impact low-contrast detectability (LCD) in abdominal computed tomography (CT) for different patient effective diameters, using a quantitative task-based approach.
Effects of the potential lithium-mimetic, ebselen, on brain neurochemistry: a magnetic resonance spectroscopy study at 7 tesla.
Psychopharmacology, 2016

Lithium is an effective treatment for bipolar disorder, but safety issues complicate its clinical use. The antioxidant drug, ebselen, may be a possible lithium-mimetic based on its ability to inhibit inositol monophosphatase (IMPase), an action which it shares with lithium.
Refining the phenotypical and mutational spectrum of Taybi-Linder syndrome.
Clinical genetics, 2016

Taybi-Linder syndrome (TALS, OMIM 210710) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder belonging to the group of microcephalic osteodysplastic primordial dwarfisms (MOPD). This syndrome is characterized by short stature, skeletal anomalies, severe microcephaly with brain malformations and facial dysmorphism, and is caused by mutations in RNU4ATAC. RNU4ATAC is transcribed into a non-coding small nuclear RNA which is a critical component of the minor spliceosome. We report here four foetuses and four unrelated patients with RNU4ATAC mutations. We provide antenatal descriptions of this rare syndrome including unusual features found in two twin foetuses with compound heterozygosity for two rare mutations who presented with mild intrauterine growth retardation and atypical dysmorphic facial features. We also carried out a literature review of the patients described up to now with RNU4ATAC mutations, affected either with TALS or Roifman syndrome, a recently described allelic disorder.
Development and Emergence of Individual Variability in the Functional Connectivity Architecture of the Preterm Human Brain.
Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991), 2019

Individual variability in human brain networks underlies individual differences in cognition and behaviors. However, researchers have not conclusively determined when individual variability patterns of the brain networks emerge and how they develop in the early phase. Here, we employed resting-state functional MRI data and whole-brain functional connectivity analyses in 40 neonates aged around 31-42 postmenstrual weeks to characterize the spatial distribution and development modes of individual variability in the functional network architecture. We observed lower individual variability in primary sensorimotor and visual areas and higher variability in association regions at the third trimester, and these patterns are generally similar to those of adult brains. Different functional systems showed dramatic differences in the development of individual variability, with significant decreases in the sensorimotor network; decreasing trends in the visual, subcortical, and dorsal and ventral attention networks, and limited change in the default mode, frontoparietal and limbic networks. The patterns of individual variability were negatively correlated with the short- to middle-range connection strength/number and this distance constraint was significantly strengthened throughout development. Our findings highlight the development and emergence of individual variability in the functional architecture of the prenatal brain, which may lay network foundations for individual behavioral differences later in life.
Introduction to a special issue on military neuropsychology: Serving those who serve.
The Clinical neuropsychologist, 2020

The military has a long history with neuropsychology and its precursors. From developing intelligence tests during World War I, to developing early capacity and personality assessments during World War II, to forward deploying for the evaluation and treatment of frequent concussive brain injuries during more recent conflicts, clinical neuropsychology has been at the forefront of military selection, healthcare and research. The objective of this special issue is to provide an overview of the latest clinical research relevant to military neuropsychology-some contributors address assessment and treatment issues that are relevant to current practice and others foretell the future of our field.
Localized GABAergic inhibition of dendritic Ca(2+) signalling.
Nature reviews. Neuroscience, 2014

Neuronal circuits are defined by synaptic connections between their cellular constituents. In this article, I highlight several recent studies emphasizing the surprising level of precision exhibited by inhibitory GABAergic synapses within the neocortex and hippocampus. Specifically, GABAergic inputs to dendritic shafts and spines of pyramidal cells have a key role in the localized regulation of neuronal Ca(2+) signalling. These findings provide important new insights into the cellular mechanisms underlying the contributions of inhibitory transmission to both normal and abnormal brain activity.
Alterations in the nuclear proteome of HIV-1 infected T-cells.
Virology, 2014

Virus infection of a cell involves the appropriation of host factors and the innate defensive response of the cell. The identification of proteins critical for virus replication may lead to the development of novel, cell-based inhibitors. In this study we mapped the changes in T-cell nuclei during human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) at 20 hpi. Using a stringent data threshold, a total of 13 and 38 unique proteins were identified in infected and uninfected cells, respectively, across all biological replicates. An additional 15 proteins were found to be differentially regulated between infected and control nuclei. STRING analysis identified four clusters of protein-protein interactions in the data set related to nuclear architecture, RNA regulation, cell division, and cell homeostasis. Immunoblot analysis confirmed the differential expression of several proteins in both C8166-45 and Jurkat E6-1 T-cells. These data provide a map of the response in host cell nuclei upon HIV-1 infection.
The heterogeneity of ventral tegmental area neurons: Projection functions in a mood-related context.
Neuroscience, 2014

The ventral tegmental area (VTA) in the brain's reward circuitry is composed of a heterogeneous population of dopamine, GABA, and glutamate neurons that play important roles in mediating mood-related functions including depression. These neurons project to different brain regions, including the nucleus accumbens (NAc), the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), and the amygdala. The functional understanding of these projection pathways has been improved since the extensive use of advanced techniques such as viral-mediated gene transfer, cell-type-specific neurophysiology and circuit-probing optogenetics. In this article, we will discuss the recent progress in understanding these VTA projection-specific functions, focusing on mood-related disorders.
Sexual Dimorphism and Sex Differences in 
Genetics, 2018

As fundamental features of nearly all animal species, sexual dimorphisms and sex differences have particular relevance for the development and function of the nervous system. The unique advantages of the nematode
A computational language approach to modeling prose recall in schizophrenia.
Cortex; a journal devoted to the study of the nervous system and behavior, 2014

Many cortical disorders are associated with memory problems. In schizophrenia, verbal memory deficits are a hallmark feature. However, the exact nature of this deficit remains elusive. Modeling aspects of language features used in memory recall have the potential to provide means for measuring these verbal processes. We employ computational language approaches to assess time-varying semantic and sequential properties of prose recall at various retrieval intervals (immediate, 30 min and 24 h later) in patients with schizophrenia, unaffected siblings and healthy unrelated control participants. First, we model the recall data to quantify the degradation of performance with increasing retrieval interval and the effect of diagnosis (i.e., group membership) on performance. Next we model the human scoring of recall performance using an n-gram language sequence technique, and then with a semantic feature based on Latent Semantic Analysis. These models show that automated analyses of the recalls can produce scores that accurately mimic human scoring. The final analysis addresses the validity of this approach by ascertaining the ability to predict group membership from models built on the two classes of language features. Taken individually, the semantic feature is most predictive, while a model combining the features improves accuracy of group membership prediction slightly above the semantic feature alone as well as over the human rating approach. We discuss the implications for cognitive neuroscience of such a computational approach in exploring the mechanisms of prose recall.