rudyvdbrink/CitationDatabase huggingface dataset:
Age-Related Changes in Presynaptic Inhibition During Gait Initiation.
The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences, 2021

Age-related changes in presynaptic inhibition (PSI) have not been observed during gait initiation, which requires anticipatory postural adjustment (APA). As APA is centrally modulated and is impaired in older compared to young adults, here we aimed to study the presynaptic control and co-contraction levels in the ankle muscles during gait initiation in older compared to young adults. Fifteen older (age range 65-80 years) and 15 young adults (age range 19-30 years) performed a gait initiation task on a force platform under 3 conditions: (i) without electrical stimulation; (ii) test Hoffman reflex (H-reflex); and (iii) conditioned H-reflex. H-reflexes were evoked on the soleus muscle when the APA amplitude exceeded 10%-20% of the average baseline mediolateral force. Participants also performed quiet stance as a control task. Results showed that both age groups presented similar PSI levels during quiet stance (p = .941), while in the gait initiation older adults presented higher PSI levels, longer duration, and lower amplitude of APA than young adults (p < .05). Older adults presented higher co-contraction ratio in both tasks than young adults (p < .05). Correlations between the PSI levels and the APA amplitude (r = -0.61, p = .008), and between the PSI levels and the co-contraction ratio during gait initiation (r = -0.64, p = .005) were found for older adults only. APA amplitude explained 49% of the variance of the PSI levels (p = .003). Our findings suggest that older compared to young adults have increased presynaptic control to compensate for the decreased supraspinal modulation on impaired APAs during gait initiation.
Getting intimate: Lysosomes and ER rendezvous to control autophagy.
Cell calcium, 2020

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the source of lysosomal calcium. The finding that the protein TMBIM6 -a putative ER calcium channel and cell death regulator -promotes calcium transfer from the ER to lysosomes to induce autophagy uncovers a missing piece in the puzzle of inter-organelle communication.
The Research Protocol of SENIOR Project-Psychiatric Services and Support System for Serious Mental Illness in Old Age, Kerala, India.
Indian journal of psychological medicine, 2020

India has the second-largest population of elderly in the world. Serious mental illness (SMI) is a subset of the mental disorders that result in significant functional impairment and is usually long term. Persons with SMI face several challenges in their old age that are different from the issues faced by younger people with SMI. Understanding the problems faced by elderly individuals suffering from SMI is fundamental for planning programs to address them. The SENIOR (
Tracking Endocytosis and Intracellular Trafficking of Epitope-tagged Syntaxin 3 by Antibody Feeding in Live, Polarized MDCK Cells.
Bio-protocol, 2018

The uptake and trafficking of cell surface receptors can be monitored by a technique called 'antibody-feeding' which uses an externally applied antibody to label the receptor on the surface of cultured, live cells. Here, we adapt the traditional antibody-feeding experiment to polarized epithelial cells (Madin-Darby Canine Kidney) grown on permeable Transwell supports. By adding two tandem extracellular Myc epitope tags to the C-terminus of the SNARE protein syntaxin 3 (Stx3), we provided a site where an antibody could bind, allowing us to perform antibody-feeding experiments on cells with distinct apical and basolateral membranes. With this procedure, we observed the endocytosis and intracellular trafficking of Stx3. Specifically, we assessed the internalization rate of Stx3 from the basolateral membrane and observed the ensuing endocytic route in both time and space using immunofluorescence microscopy on cells fixed at different time points. For cell lines that form a polarized monolayer containing distinct apical and basolateral membranes when cultured on permeable supports,
The influence of social, psychological, and cognitive factors on the clinical course in older patients with bipolar disorder.
International journal of geriatric psychiatry, 2021

Research on factors that contribute to recurrence in older adults with bipolar disorder (OABD) is sparse. Previous research showed that clinical factors (e.g., age of onset, lifetime psychotic features, and suicide risk) were not associated with the recurrence in OABD. In younger adults, worse social functioning, coping style, and worse cognitive functioning are found to be associated with an unfavorable course of bipolar disorder. Therefore, this study is focusing on social, psychological, and cognitive factors in OABD. More insight in these factors is essential in order to develop and further specify preventive and treatment interventions.
A generative spiking neural-network model of goal-directed behaviour and one-step planning.
PLoS computational biology, 2020

In mammals, goal-directed and planning processes support flexible behaviour used to face new situations that cannot be tackled through more efficient but rigid habitual behaviours. Within the Bayesian modelling approach of brain and behaviour, models have been proposed to perform planning as probabilistic inference but this approach encounters a crucial problem: explaining how such inference might be implemented in brain spiking networks. Recently, the literature has proposed some models that face this problem through recurrent spiking neural networks able to internally simulate state trajectories, the core function at the basis of planning. However, the proposed models have relevant limitations that make them biologically implausible, namely their world model is trained 'off-line' before solving the target tasks, and they are trained with supervised learning procedures that are biologically and ecologically not plausible. Here we propose two novel hypotheses on how brain might overcome these problems, and operationalise them in a novel architecture pivoting on a spiking recurrent neural network. The first hypothesis allows the architecture to learn the world model in parallel with its use for planning: to this purpose, a new arbitration mechanism decides when to explore, for learning the world model, or when to exploit it, for planning, based on the entropy of the world model itself. The second hypothesis allows the architecture to use an unsupervised learning process to learn the world model by observing the effects of actions. The architecture is validated by reproducing and accounting for the learning profiles and reaction times of human participants learning to solve a visuomotor learning task that is new for them. Overall, the architecture represents the first instance of a model bridging probabilistic planning and spiking-processes that has a degree of autonomy analogous to the one of real organisms.
Drug repositioning and repurposing for Alzheimer disease.
Nature reviews. Neurology, 2020

Drug repositioning and repurposing can enhance traditional drug development efforts and could accelerate the identification of new treatments for individuals with Alzheimer disease (AD) dementia and mild cognitive impairment. Transcriptional profiling offers a new and highly efficient approach to the identification of novel candidates for repositioning and repurposing. In the future, novel AD transcriptional signatures from cells isolated at early stages of disease, or from human neurons or microglia that carry mutations that increase the risk of AD, might be used as probes to identify additional candidate drugs. Phase II trials assessing repurposed agents must consider the best target population for a specific candidate therapy as well as the mechanism of action of the treatment. In this Review, we highlight promising compounds to prioritize for clinical trials in individuals with AD, and discuss the value of Delphi consensus methodology and evidence-based reviews to inform this prioritization process. We also describe emerging work, focusing on the potential value of transcript signatures as a cost-effective approach to the identification of novel candidates for repositioning.
Role of Vitamin D in Colorectal Cancer: A Holistic Approach and Review of the Clinical Utility.
Cureus, 2020

Vitamin D is well known for its effects on the homeostasis of calcium and phosphorus. Lately, considerable research has brought the extra-skeletal role of vitamin D under the spotlight, including its anti-cancer activity. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most extensively studied neoplasia that has been observed to be affected by vitamin D; the list includes breast, prostate, and ovarian cancer. This review aims to shine a light on the influence of vitamin D over CRC and to further understand its ability to be used as a potential economical treatment for CRC patients. For this review, PubMed was used as the main database for the literature search. Studies on the role of vitamin D on CRC within 10 years and all of the study types were included. Post the extensive research over PubMed, it was noted that vitamin D, through its effect on multiple pathways, especially Wnt/β-catenin, apoptosis, and inflammation, hinders the progression of CRC carcinogenesis. High levels of this steroid hormone can delay the progression and may provide a cost-effective way of treating CRC patients. Further research and additional human trials are still due to bring about more knowledge on this topic. In conclusion, high serum levels of vitamin D are associated with a lower risk of incidence and progression of CRC.
Highly efficient phototheranostics of macrophage-engulfed Gram-positive bacteria using a NIR luminogen with aggregation-induced emission characteristics.
Biomaterials, 2020

Although phagocytosis serves as the front line to attack invading pathogens, its low bacterial encounter and killing rates leads to an ineffective bactericidal output. In view of this, developing multifunctional theranostic probe to effectively discriminate and ablate intracellular bacteria is highly desirable. However, the shielding effect of the host macrophages put the detection and elimination of macrophage-engulfed bacteria into a challenging task. Herein, we utilize a luminogen with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristics, namely TTVP, as a simple and effective probe for simultaneous tracing and photodynamic killing of intracellular Gram-positive bacteria. With the help of the AIE property, excellent water solubility, near-infrared (NIR) emission and strong reactive oxygen species (ROS) generating ability, TTVP performed ideally to be a targeting agent to intracellular Gram-positive bacteria with high signal contrast, as well as to be a photosensitizer to effectively ablate intracellular bacteria without attacking host macrophages. This work thus provides insights for the next generation antibiosis theranostic application for potential clinical trials.
Surgical Resection of a Complex Spetzler-Martin Grade IV Medial Sylvian Arteriovenous Malformation: 3-Dimensional Operative Video.
Operative neurosurgery (Hagerstown, Md.), 2020

Sylvian arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are challenging lesions for surgical management. They are classified according to the Sugita classification based on the location of the nidus in the sylvian fissure: pure, lateral, medial, and deep. Resection of these lesions are fraught with risks, as it requires extensive arachnoid dissection in the sylvian fissure in close proximity to surrounding eloquent tissue, and the presence of en passage arteries can resemble feeding arteries. In this video illustration, the authors describe a complex, Spetzler-Martin Grade IV right sylvian AVM and its surgical resection. By Sugita classification, this was a medial sylvian AVM, with an associated flow related middle cerebral artery (MCA) bifurcation aneurysm. Informed consent was obtained from the patient prior to the procedures. The AVM was embolized preoperatively, and surgical resection was carried out via a pterional approach. The detail of the AVM resection is described in the video clip. Postoperative digital subtraction angiography showed complete excision of the lesion, and the patient was discharged to home on postoperative day 6 without any neurological deficit. In 1-yr follow-up angiogram, beside complete obliteration of the AVM, the flow-related MCA bifurcation aneurysm as well as the M1 and M2 vessels have decreased in size and are much less prominent in comparison to the pretreatment angiography.
Semantic Knowledge of Famous People and Places Is Represented in Hippocampus and Distinct Cortical Networks.
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2021

Studies have found that anterior temporal lobe (ATL) is critical for detailed knowledge of object categories, suggesting that it has an important role in semantic memory. However, in addition to information about entities, such as people and objects, semantic memory also encompasses information about places. We tested predictions stemming from the PMAT model, which proposes there are distinct systems that support different kinds of semantic knowledge: an anterior temporal (AT) network, which represents information about entities; and a posterior medial (PM) network, which represents information about places. We used representational similarity analysis to test for activation of semantic features when human participants viewed pictures of famous people and places, while controlling for visual similarity. We used machine learning techniques to quantify the semantic similarity of items based on encyclopedic knowledge in the Wikipedia page for each item and found that these similarity models accurately predict human similarity judgments. We found that regions within the AT network, including ATL and inferior frontal gyrus, represented detailed semantic knowledge of people. In contrast, semantic knowledge of places was represented within PM network areas, including precuneus, posterior cingulate cortex, angular gyrus, and parahippocampal cortex. Finally, we found that hippocampus, which has been proposed to serve as an interface between the AT and PM networks, represented fine-grained semantic similarity for both individual people and places. Our results provide evidence that semantic knowledge of people and places is represented separately in AT and PM areas, whereas hippocampus represents semantic knowledge of both categories.
Exome Sequencing Implicates Impaired GABA Signaling and Neuronal Ion Transport in Trigeminal Neuralgia.
iScience, 2020

Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a common, debilitating neuropathic face pain syndrome often resistant to therapy. The familial clustering of TN cases suggests that genetic factors play a role in disease pathogenesis. However, no unbiased, large-scale genomic study of TN has been performed to date. Analysis of 290 whole exome-sequenced TN probands, including 20 multiplex kindreds and 70 parent-offspring trios, revealed enrichment of rare, damaging variants in GABA receptor-binding genes in cases. Mice engineered with a TN-associated
Trends and challenges in modeling glioma using 3D human brain organoids.
Cell death and differentiation, 2021

The human brain organoids derived from pluripotent cells are a new class of three-dimensional tissue systems that recapitulates several neural epithelial aspects. Brain organoids have already helped efficient modeling of crucial elements of brain development and disorders. Brain organoids' suitability in modeling glioma has started to emerge, offering another usefulness of brain organoids in disease modeling. Although the current state-of-the organoids mostly reflect the immature state of the brain, with their vast cell diversity, human brain-like cytoarchitecture, feasibility in culturing, handling, imaging, and tractability can offer enormous potential in reflecting the glioma invasion, integration, and interaction with different neuronal cell types. Here, we summarize the current trend of employing brain organoids in glioma modeling and discuss the immediate challenges. Solving them might lay a foundation for using brain organoids as a pre-clinical 3D substrate to dissect the glioma invasion mechanisms in detail.
Elevated expression of endogenous glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor impairs spatial memory performance and raises inhibitory tone in the hippocampus.
The European journal of neuroscience, 2021

Parvalbumin-positive interneurons (PV+) are a key component of inhibitory networks in the brain and are known to modulate memory and learning by shaping network activity. The mechanisms of PV+ neuron generation and maintenance are not fully understood, yet current evidence suggests that signalling via the glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) receptor GFRα1 positively modulates the migration and differentiation of PV+ interneurons in the cortex. Whether GDNF also regulates PV+ cells in the hippocampus is currently unknown. In this study, we utilized a Gdnf "hypermorph" mouse model where GDNF is overexpressed from the native gene locus, providing greatly increased spatial and temporal specificity of protein expression over established models of ectopic expression. Gdnf
Genetic Determinants of Antibody-Mediated Immune Responses to Infectious Diseases Agents: A Genome-Wide and HLA Association Study.
Open forum infectious diseases, 2020

Infectious diseases are causally related to a large array of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). Identifying genetic determinants of infections and antibody-mediated immune responses may shed light on this relationship and provide therapeutic targets for drug and vaccine development.
Nearly instantaneous brightness induction.
Journal of vision, 2008

Brightness induction is the modulation of the perceived intensity of a region by the luminance of surrounding regions and reveals fundamental properties of neural organization in the visual system. Grating induction affords a unique opportunity to precisely measure the temporal properties of induction using a quadrature motion technique. Contrary to previous reports that induction is a sluggish process with temporal frequency cutoffs of 2-5 Hz (R. L. DeValois, M. A. Webster, K. K. DeValois, & B. Lingelbach, 1986; A. F. Rossi & M. A. Paradiso, 1996), we find that induction is nearly instantaneous. The temporal response of induced brightness differs from that of luminance gratings by a small time lag (<1 ms), or by a small temporal phase lag (<0.016 cycle), and remains relatively constant across wide variations in test field height. These data are not easily explained by an edge-dependent, homogeneous filling-in process (A. F. Rossi & M. A. Paradiso, 1996); however, they are consistent with an explanation of brightness induction based on spatial filtering by cortical simple cells (B. Blakeslee & M. E. McCourt, 1999).
Acute Kidney Injury in Traumatic Brain Injury Patients: Results From the Collaborative European NeuroTrauma Effectiveness Research in Traumatic Brain Injury Study.
Critical care medicine, 2021

Acute kidney injury is frequent in polytrauma patients, and it is associated with increased mortality and extended hospital length of stay. However, the specific prevalence of acute kidney injury after traumatic brain injury is less recognized. The present study aims to describe the occurrence rate, risk factors, timing, and association with outcome of acute kidney injury in a large cohort of traumatic brain injury patients.
Defects in mRNA Translation in LRRK2-Mutant hiPSC-Derived Dopaminergic Neurons Lead to Dysregulated Calcium Homeostasis.
Cell stem cell, 2020

The G2019S mutation in leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) is a common cause of familial Parkinson's disease (PD). This mutation results in dopaminergic neurodegeneration via dysregulated protein translation, although how alterations in protein synthesis contribute to neurodegeneration in human neurons is not known. Here we define the translational landscape in LRRK2-mutant dopaminergic neurons derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) via ribosome profiling. We found that mRNAs that have complex secondary structure in the 5' untranslated region (UTR) are translated more efficiently in G2019S LRRK2 neurons. This leads to the enhanced translation of multiple genes involved in Ca
Diffusion Tensor Imaging-Based Analysis of Baseline Neurocognitive Function and Posttreatment White Matter Changes in Pediatric Patients With Craniopharyngioma Treated With Surgery and Proton Therapy.
International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics, 2021

To determine the preirradiation baseline association of white matter integrity with neurocognitive function and to assess posttreatment changes in pediatric patients with craniopharyngioma treated with proton therapy.
Dural augmentation approaches and complication rates after posterior fossa decompression for Chiari I malformation and syringomyelia: a Park-Reeves Syringomyelia Research Consortium study.
Journal of neurosurgery. Pediatrics, 2021

Posterior fossa decompression with duraplasty (PFDD) is commonly performed for Chiari I malformation (CM-I) with syringomyelia (SM). However, complication rates associated with various dural graft types are not well established. The objective of this study was to elucidate complication rates within 6 months of surgery among autograft and commonly used nonautologous grafts for pediatric patients who underwent PFDD for CM-I/SM.
Rapid release revealed: honoring the synapse.
Cell, 2013

This year, the Albert Lasker Basic Medical Research Award will be shared by Richard Scheller and Thomas Südhof for their elucidation of the molecular mechanisms underlying neurotransmitter release. Their discoveries provided insight into the molecular basis of synaptic transmission and enhanced our understanding of how synaptic dysfunction may cause neuropsychiatric disorders.
Assessing the Structure of the Five Factor Model of Personality (IPIP-NEO-120) in the Public Domain.
Europe's journal of psychology, 2019

Assessment of individual differences in personality traits is arguably one of the hallmarks of psychological research. Testing the structural validity of trait measurements is paramount in this endeavor. In the current study, we investigated 30 facet traits in one of the accessible and comprehensive public-domain Five Factor Model (FFM) personality inventories, IPIP-NEO-120 (Johnson, 2014), using one of the largest US samples to date (
Norepinephrine and glucocorticoid effects on the brain mechanisms underlying memory accuracy and generalization.
Molecular and cellular neurosciences, 2020

Stressful and emotionally arousing experiences activate hormonal and brain systems that create strong memories. Extensive evidence indicates that this strengthening effect involves the synergistic action of both norepinephrine and glucocorticoid hormones. This tight regulation of emotional memories is normally highly adaptive and pivotal for survival; yet, aberrant memory processing of stressful events is a major risk factor for the development of stress-related psychopathology. It remains unclear, however, to what extent these two stress hormone systems also affect the quality of such strengthened memories. In this Review, we discuss recent advances in the understanding of norepinephrine and glucocorticoid effects on the accuracy and generalization of contextual or episodic-like aspects of memory in rodents. We will argue that norepinephrine and glucocorticoids exert opposite effects on accuracy and generalization of memory through distinct effects on systems consolidation processes underlying the time-dependent reorganization of memory. Norepinephrine improves memory accuracy by boosting basolateral amygdala-hippocampal connectivity, hereby creating long-lasting hippocampus-dependent episodic-like memories. In contrast, glucocorticoids contribute to memory generalization by promoting integration of new memories into neocortical networks, decreasing hippocampal dependence. We discuss possible implications of these conceptual insights for understanding inter-individual differences in stress resilience and risk for psychopathology.