rudyvdbrink/CitationDatabase huggingface dataset:
Pain influences food preference and food-related memory by activating the basolateral amygdala in rats.
Experimental brain research, 2021

The amygdala has been demonstrated to contribute to pain-related behavior and food preference. Here, the effect of pain on food preference and food-matched visual-cue memory, in the presence or absence of a basolateral amygdala (BLA) lesion, has been evaluated using a novel innovative apparatus and protocol. Forty adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups (n = 8) as follows: control, pain, ibuprofen + pain, BLA lesion, BLA lesion + pain groups. Bilateral lesions of the BLA were produced by passing a current of 1.5 mA for 7 s. Pain was induced on the right hind paw of the rats by sub-plantar injection of 50 μl of 2.5% formalin. The animals were encountered with four different meals including wholemeal, wholemeal + sugar, white flour, and biscuit. Each test session consisted of six trials with inter-trial intervals of 15 min. The number of visits to each meal zone and port, the amount of time spent in each food zone and port, traveled distance in each food zone, food consumption per each visit and the total food consumption were recorded. The control group showed a high biscuit preference and low white flour preference. Rats suffering BLA lesion and rats in the BLA lesion + pain group exhibited a shifted preference curve. They had a bias toward eating wholemeal + sugar rather than white flour and biscuit. This group also showed an impaired spatial memory. In conclusion, our findings suggest that the BLA may be involved in pain-induced food preference and food-matched visual-cue memory.
Awards for Distinguished Scientific Early Career Contributions to Psychology.
The American psychologist, 2019

The Early Career Awards, given for the first time in 1974, recognize the large number of excellent early career psychologists. Recipients of this award may not have held a doctoral degree for more than nine years. For purposes of this award, psychology has been divided into 10 areas: animal learning and behavior, comparative; developmental; health; cognition/human learning; psychopathology; behavioral and cognitive neuroscience; perception/motor performance; social; applied research; and individual differences. Five areas are considered each year, with areas rotated in two-year cycles. The areas considered in 2019 were animal learning and behavior, comparative; cognition and human learning; developmental psychology; health psychology; and psychopathology. Each year, panels are selected for the areas under consideration, and these panels recommend nominees to the Committee on Scientific Awards. The 2019 recipients of the APA Scientific Contribution Awards were recognized by the 2018 Board of Scientific Affairs and selected by the 2018 Committee on Scientific Awards. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
Speed-related activation in the mesolimbic dopamine system during the observation of driver-view videos.
Scientific reports, 2018

Despite the ubiquity and importance of speeding offenses, there has been little neuroscience research regarding the propensity for speeding among vehicle drivers. In the current study, as a first attempt, we examined the hypothesis that visual inputs during high-speed driving would activate the mesolimbic dopaminergic system that plays an important role in mediating motivational craving. To this end, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging to identify speed-related activation changes in mesolimbic dopaminergic regions during the observation of driver-view videos in two groups that differed in self-reported speeding propensity. Results revealed, as we expected, greater activation in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) in response to driver-view videos with higher speed. Contrary to our expectation, however, we found no significant between-group difference in speed-related activation changes in mesolimbic dopaminergic regions. Instead, an exploratory psychophysiological interaction analysis found that self-reported speeding propensity was associated with speed-related functional coupling between the VTA and the right intraparietal sulcus. Further validation of our hypothesis will require future studies examining associations between speed-related activation in the mesolimbic dopaminergic system and individual differences in speeding propensity, using a more reliable measure of actual speeding propensity in real traffic.
Regression of Lingual Lymphatic Vessels in Sodium-restricted Mice.
The journal of histochemistry and cytochemistry : official journal of the Histochemistry Society, 2018

Lymphatic vessel networks can expand and regress, with consequences for interstitial fluid drainage and nutrient supply to tissues, inflammation, and tumor spread. A diet high in sodium stimulates hyperplasia of cutaneous lymphatic capillaries. We hypothesized that dietary sodium restriction would have the opposite effect, shrinking lymphatic capillaries in the tongue. Lingual lymphatic capillary density and size was significantly reduced in mice fed a low-sodium diet (0.03%) for 3 weeks compared with control-fed mice. Blood vessel density was unchanged. Despite lymphatic capillary shrinkage, lingual edema was not observed. The effect on lymphatic capillaries was reversible, as lymphatic density and size in the tongue were restored by 3 weeks on a control diet. Lymphatic hyperplasia induced by a high-sodium diet is dependent on infiltrating macrophages. However, lingual CD68+ macrophage density was unchanged by sodium deficiency, indicating that distinct mechanisms may mediate lymphatic regression. Further studies are needed to test whether dietary sodium restriction is an effective, non-invasive co-therapy for oral cancer.
Patient and Family Experience in a Multidisciplinary Clinic for Children With Single-Ventricle Heart Disease.
Journal of patient experience, 2020

Children with single-ventricle heart disease (SVHD) are at risk for morbidity across multiple organ systems. A single-ventricle multidisciplinary clinic (SVMDC) may address complex health-care needs by providing access to, and coordination among, pediatric subspecialties. However, the patient and family experience of multidisciplinary care for SVHD remains unexplored. We e-mailed a 26-question survey to families after an SVMDC visit, which included evaluation with subspecialists from cardiology, pulmonology, gastroenterology, neuropsychology, and pediatric psychology, as well as social activities during clinic. Responses were anonymized to protect privacy, and data were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. Over 3 years, 22% (27/122) of families completed the survey. Overall, families' experiences were positive, with 100% reporting that they would recommend the SVMDC to others. Qualitative themes emerged regarding logistics, multidisciplinary care, key takeaways from clinic, and connection-making with other families. A multidisciplinary clinic demonstrated overall acceptability and perceived benefit to families of children with SVHD. Considerations for mixed experiences regarding financial commitment and connection-making among parents are discussed, as are the benefits of the synergy achieved through multidisciplinary care.
Postmortem MRI changes of the brains of the rats of different ages.
The International journal of neuroscience, 2008

Brain degenerative changes were studied in the rats of different ages after cervical dislocation by T(2) MRI and histology. Appearance of dark spots in the T(2) images increased with increased duration after death. Quantitative analysis of the density of these spots revealed that the neonatal (1 week) and the old (9 months) animals had accelerated degenerative changes when compared with the young adult (1 month). The degenerative changes correlated with the accumulation of vacuoles or spaces in the brain tissue histologically. This study pointed out not only brain degenerative changes after death were associated with age, it also revealed that the MRI T(2) evaluations could be used as a way in postmortem investigation.
Understanding misidentification syndromes using the integrative memory model.
The Behavioral and brain sciences, 2020

Misidentification syndromes occur commonly in neuropsychiatric practice and can be explained through aberrant integration of recollection and familiarity, in keeping with a dysfunction at the level of the attributional system in the new integrative memory model. We examine neuroimaging findings associated with Fregoli and Capgras syndromes and compare these with the proposed neural substrate of the integrative memory model supporting the core and attribution functions.
Astrocytes in the Ventrolateral Preoptic Area Promote Sleep.
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2020

Although ventrolateral preoptic (VLPO) nucleus is regarded as a center for sleep promotion, the exact mechanisms underlying the sleep regulation are unknown. Here, we used optogenetic tools to identify the key roles of VLPO astrocytes in sleep promotion. Optogenetic stimulation of VLPO astrocytes increased sleep duration in the active phase in naturally sleep-waking adult male rats (
From data processing to mental organs: an interdisciplinary path to cognitive neuroscience.
Mens sana monographs, 2011

Human brain is a highly evolved coordinating mechanism in the species Homo sapiens. It is only in the last 100 years that extensive knowledge of the intricate structure and complex functioning of the human brain has been acquired, though a lot is yet to be known. However, from the beginning of civilisation, people have been conscious of a 'mind' which has been considered the origin of all scientific and cultural development. Philosophers have discussed at length the various attributes of consciousness. At the same time, most of the philosophical or scientific frameworks have directly or indirectly implied mind-body duality. It is now imperative that we develop an integrated approach to understand the interconnection between mind and consciousness on one hand and brain on the other. This paper begins with the proposition that the structure of the brain is analogous, at least to certain extent, to that of the computer system. Of course, it is much more sophisticated and complex. The second proposition is that the Chomskyean concept of 'mental organs' is a good working hypothesis that tries to characterise this complexity in terms of an innate cognitive framework. By following this dual approach, brain as a data processing system and brain as a superstructure of intricately linked mental organs, we can move toward a better understanding of 'mind' within the framework of empirical science. The one 'mental organ' studied extensively in Chomskyean terms is 'language faculty' which is unique in its relation to brain, mind and consciousness.
Implementing National Mental Health Program: Local leaders' perspectives and lessons for national action.
Asian journal of psychiatry, 2020

The article is about a set of leadership programs on 'mental health leadership under NMHP' that was completed for 161 participants who are the district level health authorities and service providers (psychiatrists, psychologists, nurses and social workers) by the Community Psychiatry Unit of the Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru. The overarching aim of these programs was to provide an impetus to mental health leadership at district levels that could enable them to upscale public mental healthcare delivery. Upon completion of the program, 109 participants provided a feedback on the content of the program. Majority (98 %) were satisfied with the format of the program in which it was conducted and felt that their expectations were either partially or completely satisfied with appropriate content (93 %). The health authorities (43 %) gained better insights into the magnitude of mental health concerns and agreed that mental health service delivery should scale up. The service providers (17 %) felt the need to upgrade their skills in specialty areas of psychiatry in order to gear up for comprehensive mental health care delivery. Finally, the authors argue that such local level learnings should drive the policy making at the national level.
MRP5 nitration by NO-releasing gemcitabine encapsulated in liposomes confers sensitivity in chemoresistant pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells.
Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular cell research, 2020

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a therapy recalcitrant disease characterized by the aberrations in multiple genes that drive pathogenesis and drug chemoresistance. In this study, we synthesize a library of seven novel nitric oxide-releasing gemcitabine pro-drugs (NO-GEMs) in order to improve the effectiveness of GEM by exploiting the therapeutic effects of NO. Among these NO-GEM pro-drugs we select 5b as the most effective compound in GEM-resistant PDAC cells. After its encapsulation in liposomes for drug delivery the intracellular NO level increases and nitration associated to activity inhibition of the multidrug resistance associated protein 5 (MRP5; ABCC5) occurs. This results in GEM intracellular accumulation and enhanced apoptotic cell death in GEM-resistant PDAC cells, which express MRP5 at higher levels than GEM-sensitive cells. Our results support the development of a new anti-tumoral strategy to efficiently affect GEM-resistant PDAC cells based on the usage of NO-GEM pro-drugs.
[Can overestimating one's own capacities of action lead to fall? A study on the perception of affordance in the elderly].
Psychologie & neuropsychiatrie du vieillissement, 2008

Falls are frequent in the elderly and account for medical complications and loss of autonomy. Affordance, a concept proposed by Gibson, can help to understand a possible cause of falls. An affordance is defined as a potentiality of action offered by the environment in relation with both the properties of this environment and the properties of the organism. Most of our daily activities reflect a perfect adjustment between the perception of these potentialities of action and our actual action abilities. In other words, we correctly perceive affordances. However, in the elderly, postural abilities are reduced and equilibration is more unstable. Thus, some falls could result from a misperception of the affordances of posturability. The aim of our study was to test the hypothesis that cognitive overestimation of real postural abilities in the elderly may cause falls. There would be a gap between what the old subjects believe to be able to do and what they actually can do. Fifteen young adults (mean age = 24 years) and fifteen older adults (mean age = 72 years) had to judge if they were able to stand upright on an inclined surface. The exploration of the inclined surface was made in two conditions: visually and also by haptics (without vision with a cane). In a second part, we measured their real postural stance on the inclined surface. The results show that the perceptual judgments were not different among old and young people. However, as expected, the old subjects had lower postural boundaries than the younger. They could stand on lower inclinations of the surface. These results show an involution of the perception of the affordances in aging. They support the hypothesis of a cognitive overestimation of action abilities in the elderly, possibly due to a difficulty to actualize the new limits for action.
Review of Evidence-based Psychotherapy: Where Theory and Practice Meet.
Psychotherapy (Chicago, Ill.), 2007

Reviews the book, Evidence-based Psychotherapy: Where Theory and Practice Meet edited by Carol D. Goodheart, Alan E. Kazdin, and Robert J. Sternberg (see record 2006-02969-000). The distinguished editors and authors of Evidence-Based Psychotherapy: Where Theory and Practice Meet have created an intellectual atmosphere in the book that paves the way for generative development of evidence-based practice (EBP) in psychotherapy in the future. The book is organized into three sections: 1) "The Practice Perspective," 2) "The Research Perspective," and 3) "Training, Policy, and Cautions." This book is an important addition to the debate on EBP in psychotherapy and highlights issues that extend well beyond the role of psychotherapy in EBP. It is highly recommended for practitioners and researchers alike and is likely to invite thoughtful questioning and reflection on core assumptions at both ends of the spectrum. Moreover, the book would serve as a useful primer on the issues germane to EBP in psychotherapy training for graduate students and psychiatric residents. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved).
Measuring how genetic and epigenetic variants can filter emotion perception.
Psychiatric genetics, 2015

Emotion perception has been extensively studied in cognitive neurosciences and stands as a promising intermediate phenotype of social cognitive processes and psychopathologies. Exciting imaging genetic studies have recently identified genetic and epigenetic variants affecting brain responses during emotion perception tasks, but characterizing how these variants interact and relate to higher-order cognitive processes remains a challenge. Here, we integrate works in parallel fields and propose a new psychophysical conceptualization to address this issue. This approach proposes to consider genetic variants as 'filters' of perceptual information that can interact to shape different perceptual profiles. Importantly, these perceptual profiles can be precisely described and compared between multivariate genetic groups using a new psychophysical method. Crucially, this approach represents a potentially powerful novel tool to address gene-by-gene and gene-by-environment interactions, and provides a new cognitive perspective to link social perceptive and social cognitive processes in the context of psychiatric disorders.
Persistent Activity of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 5 in the Periaqueductal Gray Constrains Emergence of Chronic Neuropathic Pain.
Current biology : CB, 2020

Pain sensation is powerfully modulated by signal processing in the brain, and pain becomes chronic with the dysfunction of the pain modulatory system; however, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. We found that the metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) in the periaqueductal gray (PAG), the key area of endogenous pain modulation, is persistently active in normal conditions to maintain an appropriate sensory perception. In the neuropathic pain condition, Homer1a, an activity-dependent immediate early gene product, disrupted the persistent mGluR5 activity resulting in chronic pain. Remarkably a single-time blockage of the mGluR5 resulted in chronic neuropathic pain-like symptoms even in the absence of nerve injury. The decline of mGluR5 activity induced the pain modulatory dysfunction with a profound reduction of excitability of PAG neurons. These findings uncover the role of the persistent mGluR5 activity in vivo and provide new insight into how pain becomes chronic with the maladaptive coping of the PAG to pain sensation.
Striated-for-smooth muscle replacement in the developing mouse esophagus.
Histology and histopathology, 2019

The esophagus is a muscular tube which transports swallowed content from the oral cavity and the pharynx to the stomach. Early in mouse development, an entire layer of the esophagus, the muscularis externa, consists of differentiated smooth muscle cells. Starting shortly after mid-gestation till about two weeks after birth, the muscularis externa almost entirely consists of striated muscle. This proximal-to-distal replacement of smooth muscle by the striated muscle depends on a number of factors. To identify the nature of the hypothetical "proximal" (mainly striated muscle originating) and "distal" (mainly smooth muscle originating) signals that govern the striated-for-smooth muscle replacement, we compared the esophagus of Myf5:MyoD null fetuses completely lacking striated muscle to the normal control using cDNA microarray analysis, followed by a comprehensive database search. Here we provide an insight into the nature of "proximal" and "distal" signals that govern the striated-for-smooth muscle replacement in the esophagus.
Preserved and impaired task-switching abilities in non-demented patients with Parkinson's disease.
Journal of neuropsychology, 2012

Existing studies on task switching in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients have led to somewhat different results. In particular, it is unclear whether PD patients have a deficit in attentional control. In this study, we assessed task-switching abilities in samples of non-demented PD patients and elderly controls. We used a paradigm in which there was a random task sequence and the task was cued in every trial. This allowed the investigation of both task-set reconfiguration and task-set dissipation. In terms of the proportion of errors made, the patients showed increased switch cost and congruency effects. For reaction times, PD patients showed enlarged congruency effects on switch trials, specifically in the condition in which we used a short constant response-cue interval (RCI). Nevertheless, in a similar fashion to older controls, the patients showed reductions in reaction time switch cost from a short to a long cue-target interval (CTI) and from a short to a long RCI. While these latter findings, respectively, suggest unimpaired task preparation and task dissipation on correct trials in the PD patients, the overall results show that they have a deficit in biasing and selecting currently relevant task sets and more generally argue in favour of a failure of attentional control in PD.
Defecation reflex seizures: a case report with long-term VEEG monitoring, neuroimaging and comprehensive epilepsy evaluation.
Epileptic disorders : international epilepsy journal with videotape, 2019

Reflex seizures are consistently elicited by a specific afferent sensory stimulus or an activity undertaken by the patient. Among many known stimuli, defecation has rarely been reported. We describe the case of a child with reflex seizures triggered by defecation, considering the diagnostic challenge, epilepsy evaluation with video-EEG monitoring, as well as impact on neuropsychology, behaviour and quality of life. The child was a 10-year-old boy with seizure onset at age four with epilepsy diagnosis established one and a half years later. Seizures were focal with impaired awareness triggered by defecation. Video-EEG and structural and functional neuroimaging were performed and all pointed to the left temporal region. The patient became seizure-free with carbamazepine and valproic acid. Neuropsychological and quality of life assessments suggested global impairment, both before and after seizure control. This is the third case of epilepsy induced by defecation reported in the literature. The rarity of this entity may be a diagnostic challenge and postpone specific treatment. Reporting of cases of defecation reflex epilepsy may provide a better understanding of its physiopathology and optimize effective treatment, avoiding cognitive, behavioural and poor social consequences. [Published with video sequence].