rudyvdbrink/CitationDatabase huggingface dataset:
Understanding Human Cognitive Uniqueness.
Annual review of psychology, 2021

Humanity has regarded itself as intellectually superior to other species for millennia, yet human cognitive uniqueness remains poorly understood. Here, we evaluate candidate traits plausibly underlying our distinctive cognition (including mental time travel, tool use, problem solving, social cognition, and communication) as well as domain generality, and we consider how human cognitive uniqueness may have evolved. We conclude that there are no traits present in humans and absent in other animals that in isolation explain our species' superior cognitive performance; rather, there are many cognitive domains in which humans possess unusually potent capabilities compared to those found in other species. Humans are flexible cognitive all-rounders, whose proficiency arises through interactions and reinforcement between cognitive domains at multiple scales.
"How does Austria sleep?" self-reported sleep habits and complaints in an online survey.
Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung, 2020

During the past years, the prevalence of sleep problems has been increasing steadily in industrial societies and represents a major social and socioeconomic burden. The situation in Austria was last evaluated in 2007 by Zeitlhofer and colleagues in a representative sample of 1000 participants. In the current study, we sought to evaluate the sleep behaviour of the Austrian population in an ongoing online survey, in which we have collected data from 986 participants (66% women, mean age 40.9 ± 16.4 years) between March 2018 and May 2019. Sleep duration was appropriate in 52% of the respondents (i.e. 7-9 h per night). However, we found an alarmingly high number of self-reported sleep problems (46%), and only 31% of the participants classified themselves as "good sleepers" using a validated self-report questionnaire (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, PSQI). Furthermore, many participants reported suffering from sleep problems for a very long time (86% > 6 months; 37% > 5 years) suggesting that currently available treatment options are either ineffective or not employed. Possible reasons for sleep problems could include irregular sleep-wake cycles, increased perceived stress levels, and the use of electronic devices just before sleep.
Fluctuations of consciousness, mood, and science: The interhemispheric switch and sticky switch models two decades on.
The Journal of comparative neurology, 2020

Science and medicine aim to identify verifiable and replicable truths. However, the paths to such truths are frequently characterized by swinging pendulums of opposing perspectives. This is especially so in human neuroscience and the brain-based clinical sciences, where the target of investigation is the most complex of all biological systems. This article overviews a set of interrelated neuroscientific and clinical hypotheses, models, experiments, and predictions with which I have been involved for the last two decades. Traversing visual neuroscience, consciousness science, genetics, chronobiology, and biological and clinical psychiatry, the work illustrates how developments in science and medicine can occur through a combination of synthesis, serendipity, and experimentation. The article also reflects on doing science with the inimitable John "Jack" Pettigrew, and outlines how Pettigrew and I conceived, proposed, tested, and developed two new scientific models-one on neural mechanisms of binocular rivalry, the other on the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder. I also provide an update on various aspects of our models and data, and describe lessons learned from Pettigrew on how perspectives in science exhibit their own fluctuations, ironically like the very phenomena on which we worked.
Sounds are remapped across saccades.
Scientific reports, 2020

To achieve visual space constancy, our brain remaps eye-centered projections of visual objects across saccades. Here, we measured saccade trajectory curvature following the presentation of visual, auditory, and audiovisual distractors in a double-step saccade task to investigate if this stability mechanism also accounts for localized sounds. We found that saccade trajectories systematically curved away from the position at which either a light or a sound was presented, suggesting that both modalities are represented in eye-centered oculomotor centers. Importantly, the same effect was observed when the distractor preceded the execution of the first saccade. These results suggest that oculomotor centers keep track of visual, auditory and audiovisual objects by remapping their eye-centered representations across saccades. Furthermore, they argue for the existence of a supra-modal map which keeps track of multi-sensory object locations across our movements to create an impression of space constancy.
Regional Mechanical Thrombectomy Imaging Protocol in Patients Presenting with Acute Ischemic Stroke during the COVID-19 Pandemic.
AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology, 2020

Chest CT is a rapid, useful additional screening tool for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in emergent procedures. We describe the feasibility and interim outcome of implementing a modified imaging algorithm for COVID-19 risk stratification across a regional network of primary stroke centers in the work-up of acute ischemic stroke referrals for time-critical mechanical thrombectomy.
The potential for non-invasive brain stimulation to improve function after amputation.
Disability and rehabilitation, 2016

Lower limb amputee rehabilitation has traditionally focussed on restoration of gait and balance through use of prosthetic limbs and mobility aids. Despite these efforts, some amputees continue to experience difficulties with mastering prosthetic mobility. Emerging techniques in rehabilitation, such as non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS), may be an appropriate tool to enhance prosthetic rehabilitation outcomes by promoting "normal" brain reorganisation and function. The purpose of this review is to highlight the potential of NIBS to improve functional outcomes for lower limb amputees.
X-linked cellular mosaicism underlies age-dependent occurrence of seizure-like events in mouse models of CDKL5 deficiency disorder.
Neurobiology of disease, 2021

CDKL5 deficiency disorder (CDD) is an infantile, epileptic encephalopathy presenting with early-onset seizures, intellectual disability, motor impairment, and autistic features. The disorder has been linked to mutations in the X-linked CDKL5, and mouse models of the disease recapitulate several aspects of CDD symptomology, including learning and memory impairments, motor deficits, and autistic-like features. Although early-onset epilepsy is one of the hallmark features of CDD, evidence of spontaneous seizure activity has only recently been described in Cdkl5-deficient heterozygous female mice, but the etiology, prevalence, and sex-specificity of this phenotype remain unknown. Here, we report the first observation of disturbance-associated seizure-like events in heterozygous female mice across two independent mouse models of CDD: Cdkl5 knockout mice and CDKL5 R59X knock-in mice. We find that both the prevalence and severity of this phenotype increase with aging, with a median onset around 28 weeks of age. Similar seizure-like events are not observed in hemizygous knockout male or homozygous knockout female littermates, suggesting that X-linked cellular mosaicism is a driving factor underlying these seizure-like events. Together, these findings not only contribute to our understanding of the effects of CDKL5 loss on seizure susceptibility, but also document a novel, pre-clinical phenotype for future therapeutic investigation.
Teaching Anatomy to Neuroscientific Health-Care Professionals: Are They Receiving the Best Anatomical Education?
Medical science educator, 2020

University neuroanatomical courses seldom teach the anatomical-functional connectivity of the brain. White matter dissection improves understanding of brain connectivity, but until now has been restricted to neurosurgeons and in some cases to medical students, never to health-care non-medical professionals. Our aim was to teach white matter anatomy to medical and non-medical students to evaluate this technique in groups with different education. A standardized lab demonstration of white matter anatomy was performed with high appreciation rate in both groups, suggesting a suboptimal neuroanatomical education provided by basic course. We encourage to include this technique of teaching brain anatomy into basic neuroanatomical courses to improve the level of comprehension and competence in all health-care staff within the field of neuroscience.
Multiple sclerosis in an adrenoleukodystrophy carrier.
Clinics and practice, 2011

X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD) is a rare inherited metabolic disorder, in which accumulation of very long chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) results in damage to the central nervous system. As the disease is X-linked, males are affected severely, but female carriers may also present with neurological symptoms. We report the case of a young adult female, who presented with episodic sensorimotor symptoms. Although she was a heterozygous female carrier of X-ALD, subsequent investigations confirmed a diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of a female X-ALD carrier in which the clinical features were more consistent with co-existent MS than ALD-related pathology. The case serves as a reminder that alternative, more common diagnoses should also be considered in carriers of rare neurological syndromes.
Phosphorylation of Connexin36 near the C-terminus switches binding affinities for PDZ-domain and 14-3-3 proteins in vitro.
Scientific reports, 2020

Connexin36 (Cx36) is the most abundant connexin in central nervous system neurons. It forms gap junction channels that act as electrical synapses. Similar to chemical synapses, Cx36-containing gap junctions undergo activity-dependent plasticity and complex regulation. Cx36 gap junctions represent multimolecular complexes and contain cytoskeletal, regulatory and scaffolding proteins, which regulate channel conductance, assembly and turnover. The amino acid sequence of mammalian Cx36 harbors a phosphorylation site for the Ca
Increased picture-word interference in chronic and recreational users of cocaine.
Human psychopharmacology, 2019

The correct production of speech depends on the effective use of inhibitory control. Cocaine abuse has been linked to impaired inhibition in the verbal and nonverbal domains. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible impairment of the inhibitory control process engaged in the production of language among chronic cocaine users, both in rehabilitation and recreational contexts.
Afterhyperpolarization amplitude in CA1 pyramidal cells of aged Long-Evans rats characterized for individual differences.
Neurobiology of aging, 2020

Altered neural excitability is considered a prominent contributing factor to cognitive decline during aging. A clear example is the excess neural activity observed in several temporal lobe structures of cognitively impaired older individuals in rodents and humans. At a cellular level, aging-related changes in mechanisms regulating intrinsic excitability have been well examined in pyramidal cells of the CA1 hippocampal subfield. Studies in the inbred Fisher 344 rat strain document an age-related increase in the slow afterhyperpolarization (AHP) that normally occurs after a burst of action potentials, and serves to reduce subsequent firing. We evaluated the status of the AHP in the outbred Long-Evans rat, a well-established model for studying individual differences in neurocognitive aging. In contrast to the findings reported in the Fisher 344 rats, in the Long-Evan rats we detected a selective reduction in AHP in cognitively impaired aged individuals. We discuss plausible scenarios to account for these differences and also discuss possible implications of these differences.
Retraction Note to: Stability of neuronal avalanches and long-range temporal correlations during the first year of life in human infant.
Brain structure & function, 2020

The authors have retracted this article Jannesari et al. (2019) because an incorrect version of the article was published in error. The manuscript has been republished as Jannesari et al. (2020). All authors agree to this retraction.
Improved Visual Function in a Case of Ultra-low Vision following Ischemic Encephalopathy Using Transcranial Electrical Stimulation; A Brief Report.
Developmental neurorehabilitation, 2021

Cerebral visual impairment is amongst the key pathological causes of pediatric visual abnormalities often resulted from hypoxic-ischemic brain injury. Such an injury results in profound visual impairments which severely impairs patients' quality of life. Given the nature of the pathology, treatments are currently limited to rehabilitation strategies such as transcranial electrical stimulation and visual rehabilitation therapy.
Homage to Rita Levi-Montalcini, the queen of modern neuroscience.
Cell biology international, 2013

The first cell growth factor, nerve growth factor (NGF), was discovered by Rita Levi-Montalcini (RLM) in the early 1950s. Originally identified as neurite outgrowth-stimulating factor, later studies revealed that non-neuronal cells, including immune cells, endothelial cells, cardiomyocytes, pancreatic beta cells, prostate epithelial and adipose tissue cells, were also targets for and/or sources of NGF. Nerve growth factor is well recognised as mediating multiple biological phenomena, ranging from the neurotrophic through immunotrophic and epitheliotrophic to metabotrophic effects. Consequently, NGF and other members of the neurotrophin family are implicated in the pathogenesis of a large spectrum of neuronal and non-neuronal diseases, ranging from Alzheimer's and other neurodegenerative diseases to atherosclerosis and cardiometabolic disorders. Recent studies have demonstrated the therapeutic potentials of NGF in these conditions, including ocular and cutaneous diseases. NGF TrkA receptor antagonists emerged as novel drugs for pain, prostate and breast cancer, melanoma and urinary bladder syndromes. Here, we briefly describe the 'unpredictable' ideogenesis of the discovery of NGF, a eureka in the neuroscience.
How will the growing threat of resistant hypertension impact the future treatment of high blood pressure?
Expert review of cardiovascular therapy, 2013

Hypertension treatment and control efforts represent a major component of primary care with dedicated clinical guidelines and recommendations. However, high blood pressure (BP) control rates are complicated with the difficult to treat and resistant hypertensive patients. This category of patient, therefore, affects the development and implementation of the clinical guidelines. The recommendations of specific algorithms for resistant hypertension and difficult-to-treat patients with elevated BPs have been developed in consideration of new therapies and combination drug treatment. Hypertension treatment guidelines include and will continue to grade evidence from randomized clinical trials with detailed strategies on the management of these high-risk patients. Although resistant hypertension affects high BP control rates, the inclusion of refined pharmaceutical and device treatment strategies in evidence-based guidelines will be expected to have a significant impact on the clinical management of this high-risk patient population.
COMPOSITION OF CEREBROSPINAL FLUID IN CLINICALLY NORMAL GRIZZLY BEARS (
Journal of zoo and wildlife medicine : official publication of the American Association of Zoo Veterinarians, 2019

Five cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were collected from four clinically normal grizzly bears from the Washington State University Bear Research, Education, and Conservation Center. CSF samples were collected from the cerebellomedullary cisternal space. Samples were immediately processed and analyzed for microprotein content, red blood cells, white blood cells (WBCs), and differential cell count. Microprotein concentration (range 4.2-14.6 mg/dl; median, less than 6 mg/dl), total WBC count (range 0-2 cells/µl; median 2 cells/µl), and differential WBCs (predominance mononuclear cells) of the five CSF samples were comparable to previously published CSF analyses from clinically normal felines and canines. Providing documentation of CSF composition for clinically normal grizzly bears is important for neurologic disease diagnosis and treatment.
Role of the E3 ubiquitin ligase HRD1 in the regulation of serotonin transporter function.
Biochemical and biophysical research communications, 2021

To elucidate the regulation of serotonin transporter (SERT) function via its membrane trafficking, we investigated the involvement of the ubiquitin E3 ligase HRD1 (HMG-CoA reductase degradation protein), which participates in endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated degradation (ERAD), in the functional regulation of SERT. Cells transiently expressing wild-type SERT or a SERT C-terminal deletion mutant (SERTΔCT), a SERT protein predicted to be misfolded, were used for experiments. Studies using HRD1-overexpressing or HRD1-knockdown cells demonstrated that HRD1 is involved in SERT proteolysis. Overexpression of HRD1 promoted SERT ubiquitination, the effect of which was augmented by treatment with the proteasome inhibitor MG132. Immunoprecipitation studies revealed that HRD1 interacts with SERT in the presence of MG132. In addition, HRD1 was intracellularly colocalized with SERT, especially with aggregates of SERTΔCT in the ER. HRD1 also affected SERT uptake activity in accordance with the expression levels of the SERT protein. These results suggest that HRD1 contributes to the membrane trafficking and functional regulation of SERT through its involvement in ERAD-mediated SERT degradation.
Stimulation of fetal hypothalamus induces uterine contractions in pregnant rats at term.
Biology of reproduction, 2008

The fetal brain is thought to have a role in the onset and progression of labor. Evidence also exists for fetal oxytocin release just before and during parturition. The present study examined whether activation of the fetal brain could induce uterine myometrial contractions through oxytocin receptors in the dam. Under urethane anesthesia, electrical stimulation of the hypothalamus of fetal rats that were still connected with the dams by an intact umbilical cord induced uterine contractions in term pregnant rats. Intraperitoneal injections of synthetic oxytocin in fetuses induced uterine contractions in the dams similar to those induced by electrical stimulation of the fetal hypothalamus. Maternal intravenous injections of an oxytocin antagonist immediately attenuated uterine contractions induced by fetal oxytocin injections and electrical stimulation of the fetal hypothalamus. These findings suggest the possibility that oxytocin released from the fetal hypothalamus is involved in parturition.
Clinical Features of the Patients with Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder.
Noro psikiyatri arsivi, 2021

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is an inflammatory, demyelinating syndrome of the central nervous system (CNS) that predominantly affects the spinal cord and optic nerves. Since it was first described, new information about the pathophysiology gained momentum with the discovery of an antibody against Aquaporin-4, a water channel protein that is predominantly found in the astrocytes. In our study, we evaluated the clinical features of NMOSD and clinically related CNS disorders.
Traumatic neuroma in continuity injury model in rodents: a preliminary report.
Evidence-based spine-care journal, 2010

Consistent with EBSJ's commitment to fostering quality research, we are pleased to feature some of the most highly rated abstracts from the 8th Annual AOSpine North America Fellows Forum in Banff Canada. Enhancing the quality of evidence in spine care means acknowledging and supporting the efforts of young researchers within our AOSpine North America network. We look forward to seeing more from these promising researchers in the future.
Impact of Parental Exposure on Offspring Health in Humans.
Trends in genetics : TIG, 2021

The possibility that parental life experiences and environmental exposures influence mental and physical health across generations is an important concept in biology and medicine. Evidence from animal models has established the existence of a non-genetic mode of inheritance. This form of heredity involves transmission of the effects of parental exposure to the offspring through epigenetic changes in the germline. Studying the mechanisms of epigenetic inheritance in humans is challenging because it is difficult to obtain multigeneration cohorts, to collect reproductive cells in exposed parents, and to exclude psychosocial and cultural confounders. Nonetheless, epidemiological studies in humans exposed to famine, stress/trauma, or toxicants have provided evidence that parental exposure can impact the health of descendants, in some cases, across several generations. A few studies have also started to reveal epigenetic changes in the periphery and sperm after certain exposures. This article reviews these studies and evaluates the current evidence for the potential contribution of epigenetic factors to heredity in humans. The challenges and limitations of this fundamental biological process, its implications, and its societal relevance are also discussed.
The Lymphatic Headmaster of the Mast Cell-Related Splanchnic Inflammation in Portal Hypertension.
Cells, 2019

Portal hypertension is a common complication of liver disease, either acute or chronic. Consequently, in chronic liver disease, such as the hypertensive mesenteric venous pathology, the coexisting inflammatory response is classically characterized by the splanchnic blood circulation. However, a vascular lymphatic pathology is produced simultaneously with the splanchnic arterio-venous impairments. The pathological increase of the mesenteric venous pressure, by mechanotransduction of the venous endothelium hyperpressure, causes an inflammatory response involving the subendothelial mast cells and the lymphatic endothelium of the intestinal villi lacteal. In portal hypertension, the intestinal lymphatic inflammatory response through the development of mesenteric-systemic lymphatic collateral vessels favors the systemic diffusion of substances with a molecular pattern associated with damage and pathogens of intestinal origin. When the chronic hepatic insufficiency worsens the portal hypertensive inflammatory response, the splanchnic lymphatic system transports the hyperplasied intestinal mast cells to the mesenteric lymphatic complex. Then, an acquired immune response regulating a new hepato-intestinal metabolic scenario is activated. Therefore, reduction of the hepatic metabolism would reduce its key centralized functions, such as the metabolic, detoxifying and antioxidant functions which would try to be substituted by their peroxisome activity, among other functions of the mast cells.