rudyvdbrink/CitationDatabase huggingface dataset:
Expression profile and down-regulation of argininosuccinate synthetase in hepatocellular carcinoma in a transgenic mouse model.
Journal of biomedical science, 2015

Argininosuccinate synthetase (ASS) participates in urea and nitric oxide production and is a rate-limiting enzyme in arginine biosynthesis. Regulation of ASS expression appears complex and dynamic. In addition to transcriptional regulation, a novel post-transcriptional regulation affecting nuclear precursor RNA stability has been reported. Moreover, many cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), have been found not to express ASS mRNA; therefore, they are auxotrophic for arginine. To study when and where ASS is expressed and whether post-transcriptional regulation is undermined in particular temporal and spatial expression and in pathological events such as HCC, we set up a transgenic mouse system with modified BAC (bacterial artificial chromosome) carrying the human ASS gene tagged with an EGFP reporter.
Spinal cord injuries, human neuropathology and neurophysiology.
Acta myologica : myopathies and cardiomyopathies : official journal of the Mediterranean Society of Myology, 2020

A correlative approach to human spinal cord injuries (SCI) through the combination of neuropathology and neurophysiology provides a much better understanding of the condition than with either alone. Among the benefits so derived is the wide range of interventions applicable to the restorative neurology (RN) of SCI so that the neurological status of the SCI patient is thereby much improved. The neurophysiological and neuropathological elements underlying these advances are described.
Degradation of Mutant Protein Aggregates within the Endoplasmic Reticulum of Vasopressin Neurons.
iScience, 2020

Misfolded or unfolded proteins in the ER are said to be degraded only after translocation or isolation from the ER. Here, we describe a mechanism by which mutant proteins are degraded within the ER. Aggregates of mutant arginine vasopressin (AVP) precursor were confined to ER-associated compartments (ERACs) connected to the ER in AVP neurons of a mouse model of familial neurohypophysial diabetes insipidus. The ERACs were enclosed by membranes, an ER chaperone and marker protein of phagophores and autophagosomes were expressed around the aggregates, and lysosomes fused with the ERACs. Moreover, lysosome-related molecules were present within the ERACs, and aggregate degradation within the ERACs was dependent on autophagic-lysosomal activity. Thus, we demonstrate that protein aggregates can be degraded by autophagic-lysosomal machinery within specialized compartments of the ER.
Mouthwash Based on Ozonated Olive Oil in Caries Prevention: A Preliminary In-Vitro Study.
International journal of environmental research and public health, 2020

(1) Background: Ozone (O3) proved to oxidize organic and inorganic compounds, and its efficacy against bacteria, viruses and fungi plasma membranes was of interest. Ozone vehicle can be a gaseous form, ozonated water or ozonized oil. The aim of this in-vitro study was to evaluate the efficacy of ozonated olive oil against
Successful treatment of co-morbid schizophrenia and multiple sclerosis.
Asian journal of psychiatry, 2010

Multiple sclerosis (MS) has both neurological and psychiatric manifestations. Though depression, bipolar disorder and la belle indifference are commonly described, schizophrenia-like-psychosis is not widely reported with MS. Drug interactions and side effects make treatment, in such scenario, challenging. We, for the first time, report a patient with MS and paranoid schizophrenia successfully treated with concurrent use of clozapine and risperidone with interferon-beta-1a.
Posterior communicating artery occlusion and recanalization through a fusiform aneurysm after flow diversion.
Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia, 2018

Occlusion of branch vessels is a known potential sequela of the treatment of intracranial aneurysms with flow diversion. We present a case of occlusion and distal reconstitution of the origin of the posterior communicating artery through a fusiform aneurysm of the internal carotid artery after flow diversion. A 56-year-old woman was incidentally found to have a large fusiform aneurysm of the posterior communicating segment of the internal carotid artery incorporating the origin of the posterior communicating artery. The aneurysm was treated with placement of a Pipeline flow diverter. Follow-up computed tomography angiogram at 7 months demonstrated no change in aneurysm filling. A follow-up digital subtraction angiogram at 12 months demonstrated occlusion of the native origin of the posterior communicating artery with distal reconstitution through two accessory channels through the aneurysm. The remainder of the aneurysm was thrombosed. The patient had not had any clinical symptoms during this event. The unorganized nature of the thrombus within aneurysms after flow diversion may allow accessory vascular channels to form in the event of occlusion of a side branch.
From schizophrenia to sainthood - Tajuddin Fakir.
Asian journal of psychiatry, 2021

This paper discusses the case of Tajuddin, a patient in the mental asylum of Nagpur towards the end of the 19th century. Discussions are based on hospital records and annual reports and relevant literature review of the life and times of Tajuddin. Hospital and associated records indicate that Tajuddin was thought to be suffering from cannabis psychosis. He was released from the British army for inappropriate behaviour and was admitted to the Nagpur Mental Asylum, currently a Regional Mental Hospital. During his inpatient stay Tajuddin was believed to have special powers and was considered a saint. The hospital, its staff and patients continue to pay homage to Tajuddin to this day. Religious Trusts established in his name extend all the way up to Mecca. His followers include high ranking officers and Bollywood celebrities. Tajuddin was a charismatic leader, despite suffering from what currently may be considered schizophrenia. His case reflects a curious contradiction of the cultural understandings of psychosis and the shifting sands on which psychiatry's diagnostic foundations are built.
Divergent projections of the prelimbic cortex bidirectionally regulate active avoidance.
eLife, 2020

The prefrontal cortex (PFC) integrates incoming information to guide our actions. When motivation for food-seeking competes with avoidance of danger, the PFC likely plays a role in selecting the optimal choice. In platform-mediated active avoidance, rats avoid a tone-signaled footshock by stepping onto a nearby platform, delaying access to sucrose pellets. This avoidance requires prelimbic (PL) PFC, basolateral amygdala (BLA), and ventral striatum (VS). We previously showed that inhibitory tone responses of PL neurons correlate with avoidability of shock (Diehl et al., 2018). Here, we optogenetically modulated PL terminals in VS and BLA to identify PL outputs regulating avoidance. Photoactivating PL-VS projections reduced avoidance, whereas photoactivating PL-BLA projections increased avoidance. Moreover, photosilencing PL-BLA or BLA-VS projections reduced avoidance, suggesting that VS receives opposing inputs from PL and BLA. Bidirectional modulation of avoidance by PL projections to VS and BLA enables the animal to make appropriate decisions when faced with competing drives.
The Transient Intermediate Plexiform Layer, a Plexiform Layer-like Structure Temporarily Existing in the Inner Nuclear Layer in Developing Rat Retina.
Experimental neurobiology, 2018

The retina is a highly specialised part of the brain responsible for visual processing. It is well-laminated; three layers containing five different types of neurons are compartmentalised by two synaptic layers. Among the retinal layers, the inner nuclear layer (INL) is composed of horizontal, bipolar, and amacrine cell types. Bipolar cells form one sublayer in the distal half of the IPL, while amacrine cells form another sublayer in the proximal half, without any border-like structure. Here, we report that a plexiform layer-like structure exists temporarily in the border between the bipolar and amacrine sublayers in the INL in the rat retina during retinal development. This transient intermediate plexiform layer (TIPL) appeared at postnatal day (PD) 7 and then disappeared around PD 12. Most apoptotic cells in the INL were found near the TIPL. These results suggest that the TIPL may contribute to the formation of sublayers and the cell number limit in the INL.
Characterising the brain metalloproteome in Down syndrome patients with concomitant Alzheimer's pathology.
Metallomics : integrated biometal science, 2020

Down syndrome (DS) is a common intellectual disability, with an incidence of 1 in 700 and is caused by trisomy 21. People with DS develop Alzheimer's disease (AD)-like neuropathology by the age of 40. As metal ion dyshomeostasis (particularly zinc, iron and copper) is one of the characteristics of AD and is believed to be involved in the pathogenesis of disease, we reasoned that it may also be altered in DS. Thus, we used inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry to examine metal levels in post-mortem brain tissue from DS individuals with concomitant AD pathology. Size exclusion-ICPMS was also utilised to characterise the metalloproteome in these cases. We report here for the first time that iron levels were higher in a number of regions in the DS brain, including the hippocampus (40%), frontal cortex (100%) and temporal cortex (34%), compared to controls. Zinc and copper were also elevated (both 29%) in the DS frontal cortex, but zinc was decreased (23%) in the DS temporal cortex. Other elements were also examined, a number of which also showed disease-specific changes. The metalloproteomic profile in the DS brain was also different to that in the controls. These data suggest that metals and metal:protein interactions are dysregulated in the DS brain which, given the known role of metals in neurodegeneration and AD, is likely to contribute to the pathogenesis of disease. Interrogation of the underlying cellular mechanisms and consequences of this failure in metal ion homeostasis, and the specific contributions of the individual DS and AD phenotypes to these changes, should be explored.
Mini-open posterior approach for adult deformity correction.
Neurosurgical focus, 2013

Minimally invasive surgical (MIS) approaches are gaining popularity in many surgical fields. Potential advantages include reduced blood loss, shorter length of stay, and less soft-tissue trauma. Potential disadvantages include inadequate deformity correction, increased fluoroscopy, longer operative times, and decreased posterolateral fusion surface area exposure. This video demonstrates the key steps in our mini-open transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) using an expandable tubular retractor, placement of cannulated pedicle instrumentation, and subsequent deformity correction. The video demonstrates positioning, surgical opening through a midline incision, a bilateral Wiltse plane tubular approach for the TLIF, placement of bilateral cannulated pedicle screws, and deformity correction. The video can be found here: http://youtu.be/Fpccr4MlLMU.
Labeling lateral prefrontal sulci using spherical data augmentation and context-aware training.
NeuroImage, 2021

The inference of cortical sulcal labels often focuses on deep (primary and secondary) sulcal regions, whereas shallow (tertiary) sulcal regions are largely overlooked in the literature due to the scarcity of manual/well-defined annotations and their large neuroanatomical variability. In this paper, we present an automated framework for regional labeling of both primary/secondary and tertiary sulci of the dorsal portion of lateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC) using spherical convolutional neural networks. We propose two core components that enhance the inference of sulcal labels to overcome such large neuroanatomical variability: (1) surface data augmentation and (2) context-aware training. (1) To take into account neuroanatomical variability, we synthesize training data from the proposed feature space that embeds intermediate deformation trajectories of spherical data in a rigid to non-rigid fashion, which bridges an augmentation gap in conventional rotation data augmentation. (2) Moreover, we design a two-stage training process to improve labeling accuracy of tertiary sulci by informing the biological associations in neuroanatomy: inference of primary/secondary sulci and then their spatial likelihood to guide the definition of tertiary sulci. In the experiments, we evaluate our method on 13 deep and shallow sulci of human LPFC in two independent data sets with different age ranges: pediatric (N=60) and adult (N=36) cohorts. We compare the proposed method with a conventional multi-atlas approach and spherical convolutional neural networks without/with rotation data augmentation. In both cohorts, the proposed data augmentation improves labeling accuracy of deep and shallow sulci over the baselines, and the proposed context-aware training offers further improvement in the labeling of shallow sulci over the proposed data augmentation. We share our tools with the field and discuss applications of our results for understanding neuroanatomical-functional organization of LPFC and the rest of cortex (https://github.com/ilwoolyu/SphericalLabeling).
History of and Insights Into Spinal Cord Stimulation in Parkinson Disease.
Neurorehabilitation and neural repair, 2020

Current available therapies for Parkinson disease (PD) have strong limitations, and patients usually present with refractory symptoms despite all efforts. Deep brain stimulation (DBS), which has been used in PD patients for decades (since 1987), has best indications for symptoms like tremor, motor fluctuations, or dyskinesia. However, postural instability and gait disturbances (PIGD) have restricted benefits with DBS. In 2009, spinal cord stimulation (SCS), a well-established therapy for chronic pain, has emerged as a potential alternative therapy that may help control unresponsive symptoms such as bradykinesia, PIGD, and freezing of gait.
LIM-Nebulette Reinforces Podocyte Structural Integrity by Linking Actin and Vimentin Filaments.
Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN, 2020

Maintenance of the intricate interdigitating morphology of podocytes is crucial for glomerular filtration. One of the key aspects of specialized podocyte morphology is the segregation and organization of distinct cytoskeletal filaments into different subcellular components, for which the exact mechanisms remain poorly understood.
Plasticity and Adaptation in Neuromorphic Biohybrid Systems.
iScience, 2020

Neuromorphic systems take inspiration from the principles of biological information processing to form hardware platforms that enable the large-scale implementation of neural networks. The recent years have seen both advances in the theoretical aspects of spiking neural networks for their use in classification and control tasks and a progress in electrophysiological methods that is pushing the frontiers of intelligent neural interfacing and signal processing technologies. At the forefront of these new technologies, artificial and biological neural networks are tightly coupled, offering a novel "biohybrid" experimental framework for engineers and neurophysiologists. Indeed, biohybrid systems can constitute a new class of neuroprostheses opening important perspectives in the treatment of neurological disorders. Moreover, the use of biologically plausible learning rules allows forming an overall fault-tolerant system of co-developing subsystems. To identify opportunities and challenges in neuromorphic biohybrid systems, we discuss the field from the perspectives of neurobiology, computational neuroscience, and neuromorphic engineering.
Determining Maximal Tolerable Aerobic Training Intensity in the Acute Phase after Stroke: a Novel Dose Ranging Trial Protocol.
Journal of stroke and cerebrovascular diseases : the official journal of National Stroke Association, 2020

There is strong evidence that cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) training improves fitness and mobility after stroke. Despite the large number of studies, the most efficacious dose is yet to be determined. Furthermore, the safety of early post-stroke training, while theoretically beneficial, remains uncertain. The aim of this study is to determine the maximum safe and tolerable intensity of CRF training early post-stroke.
The Effect of Syntactic Impairment on Errors in Reading Aloud: Text Reading and Comprehension of Deaf and Hard of Hearing Children.
Brain sciences, 2020

Deaf and Hard of Hearing (DHH) children show difficulties in reading aloud and comprehension of texts. Here, we examined the hypothesis that these reading difficulties are tightly related to the syntactic deficit displayed by DHH children. We first assessed the syntactic abilities of 32 DHH children communicating in spoken language (Hebrew) aged 9;1-12;2. We classified them into two groups of DHH children-with and without a syntactic deficit according to their performance in six syntactic tests assessing their comprehension and production of sentences with syntactic movement. We also assessed their reading at the single word level using a reading aloud test of words, nonwords, and word pairs, designed to detect the various types of dyslexia, and established, for each participant, whether they had dyslexia and of what type. Following this procedure, 14 of the children were identified with a syntactic deficit, and 15 with typical syntax (3 marginally impaired); 22 of the children had typical reading at the word level, and 4 had dyslexia (3 demonstrated sublexical reading). The main experiment examined reading aloud and comprehension of 6 texts with syntactic movement (which contained, e.g., relative clauses and topicalized sentences), in comparison to 6 parallel texts without movement. The results indicated a close connection between syntactic difficulties and errors in reading aloud and in comprehension of texts. The DHH children with syntactic deficit made significantly more errors in reading aloud and more comprehension errors than the DHH children with intact syntax (and than the hearing controls), even though most of them did not have dyslexia at the word level. The DHH children with syntactic deficit made significantly more reading errors when they read texts with syntactic movement than on matched texts without movement. These results indicate that difficulties in text reading, manifesting both in errors in reading aloud and in impaired comprehension, may stem from a syntactic deficit and may occur even when reading at the word level is completely intact.
Neurophysiological, cognitive-behavioral and neurochemical effects in practitioners of transcendental meditation - A literature review.
Revista da Associacao Medica Brasileira (1992), 2019

The term meditation can be used in many different ways, according to the technique to which it refers. Transcendental Meditation (MT) is one of these techniques. TM could serve as a model for research on spiritual meditation, unlike the meditation techniques based on secular knowledge. The purpose of the present study is to conduct a bibliographic review to organize scientific evidence on the effects of TM on neurophysiology, neurochemistry, and cognitive and behavioral aspects of its practitioners. To conduct this critical narrative review of the literature, we searched for scientific papers on the PubMed database of the National Center for Biotechnology Information. The keywords used in the search were Transcendental Meditation, Neuroscience of meditation e Meditation and behavior. We selected 21 papers that analyzed different aspects that could be altered through meditation practice. We concluded that TM has positive and significant documentable neurochemical, neurophysiological, and cognitive-behavioral effects. Among the main effects are the reduction of anxiety and stress (due to the reduction of cortisol and norepinephrine levels), increase of the feeling of pleasure and well-being (due to the increase of the synthesis and release of dopamine and serotonin), and influence on memory recall and possible consolidation. Further studies are needed using creative and innovative methodological designs that analyze different neural circuitry and verify the clinical impact on practitioners.
Relationship closeness buffers the effects of perceived stress on transcriptomic indicators of cellular stress and biological aging marker p16
Aging, 2020

Chronic stress can accelerate biological aging, offering one mechanism through which stress may increase age-related disease risk. Chronic activation of the sympathoadrenal system increases cellular energy production, resulting in cell stress that can initiate cellular senescence, a permanent state of cell growth arrest. Our previous research linked psychosocial stress with increased expression of senescence marker p16
Assessment of somatoform disorders: a review of strategies and instruments.
Acta neuropsychiatrica, 2003

We provide an overview of methods and instruments developed for the assessment of somatoform disorders. Four diagnostic purposes have been identified: (i) classification according to a diagnostic system; (ii) screening for probable cases; (iii) dimensional measurement of syndrome severity; and (iv) assessment of associated clinical features. Existing instruments designed for each of these strategies are described, including specifications of their psychometric properties, particular features, advantages and disadvantages. A conclusion of this review is that the currently existing 'family of assessment instruments' in the field of somatoform disorders should be used to improve the comparability of scientific findings in different cultures and settings.
Oxytocin modulates neural processing of mitral/tufted cells in the olfactory bulb.
Acta physiologica (Oxford, England), 2021

Oxytocin plays an important role in social recognition in rodents, which is mediated predominantly by the olfactory system. Although oxytocin modulates neural activity in the olfactory bulb, the underlying mechanism is largely unknown. Here, we studied how direct infusion of oxytocin into the olfactory bulb affect social interactions in mice and modulate the neural activity of mitral/tufted cells in the olfactory bulb.
Precompensation of 3D field distortions in remote focus two-photon microscopy.
Biomedical optics express, 2021

Remote focusing is widely used in 3D two-photon microscopy and 3D photostimulation because it enables fast axial scanning without moving the objective lens or specimen. However, due to the design constraints of microscope optics, remote focus units are often located in non-telecentric positions in the optical path, leading to significant depth-dependent 3D field distortions in the imaging volume. To address this limitation, we characterized 3D field distortions arising from non-telecentric remote focusing and present a method for distortion precompensation. We demonstrate its applicability for a 3D two-photon microscope that uses an acousto-optic lens (AOL) for remote focusing and scanning. We show that the distortion precompensation method improves the pointing precision of the AOL microscope to < 0.5 µm throughout the 400 × 400 × 400 µm imaging volume.