rudyvdbrink/CitationDatabase huggingface dataset:
The effects of insular and mesiotemporal lesions on affective information processing: Preliminary evidence from patients with epilepsy surgery.
Epilepsy & behavior : E&B, 2020

Depressive symptoms and anxiety are common complaints in patients who have had epilepsy surgery. Recent studies have reported disturbances in emotional memory, facial and vocal emotion recognition, and affective learning after temporal lobe and/or insular resection for drug-resistant seizures, suggesting that these regions may be involved in emotional processes underlying psychological symptoms. The insula is a core component of the salience network and is thought to be involved in processing emotions such as disgust, and the role of mesial temporal lobe structures in affective processing is well established. However, to our knowledge, no study has yet investigated whether attentional processing of affective information is altered when these structures are resected as part of an epilepsy surgery. The present study examined the interference control capacity and attentional biases for emotional information in adult patients with epilepsy who underwent temporal lobe resections including the amygdala and hippocampus (n = 15) and/or partial or complete insular resections (n = 16). Patients were tested on an Emotional Stroop test and on a Dot-Probe task using fearful and disgusting pictures and were compared with a healthy control group (n = 30) matched for age, gender, and education. Repeated-measures analyses of variances revealed a significant effect of emotional words on color naming speed in the Emotional Stroop task among insular patients, which was not observed in the other groups. By contrast, the groups did not differ on Dot-Probe task performance. These preliminary findings suggest that insular damage may alter emotional interference control.
Sentinel node mapping vs. sentinel node mapping plus back-up lymphadenectomy in high-risk endometrial cancer patients: Results from a multi-institutional study.
Gynecologic oncology, 2021

Sentinel node mapping (SLN) has replaced lymphadenectomy for staging surgery in apparent early-stage low and intermediate risk endometrial cancer (EC). Only limited data about the adoption of SNM in high risk EC is still available. Here, we evaluate the outcomes of high-risk EC undergoing SNM (with or without back-up lymphadenectomy).
PCSK9 rs11591147 R46L loss-of-function variant protects against liver damage in individuals with NAFLD.
Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver, 2021

The proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) plays a key role in cholesterol homeostasis, and its inhibition represents an effective therapy to lower low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels. In this study, we examined the impact of the PCSK9 rs11591147 loss-of-function (LOF) variant on liver damage in a multicenter collection of patients at risk of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), in clinical samples and experimental models.
Differential plastic changes in synthesis and binding in the mouse somatostatin system after electroconvulsive stimulation.
Acta neuropsychiatrica, 2018

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is regularly used to treat patients with severe major depression, but the mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects remain uncertain. Electroconvulsive stimulation (ECS) regulates diverse neurotransmitter systems and induces anticonvulsant effects, properties implicated in mediating therapeutic effects of ECT. Somatostatin (SST) is a candidate for mediating these effects because it is upregulated by ECS and exerts seizure-suppressant effects. However, little is known about how ECS might affect the SST receptor system. The present study examined effects of single and repeated ECS on the synthesis of SST receptors (SSTR1-4) and SST, and SST receptor binding ([125I]LTT-SST28) in mouse hippocampal regions and piriform/parietal cortices.
Stress and cognitive functioning during a pandemic: Thoughts from stress researchers.
Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy, 2020

In this commentary we discuss a downstream consequence of increases in stress and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic. Stress and anxiety can lead to mind wandering, which in turn competes for limited cognitive resources. We encourage researchers to be understanding and patient concerning the inevitable cognitive impact of the pandemic and subsequent reduced productivity levels from our students, colleagues, and ourselves. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
Absent phasing of respiratory and locomotor rhythms in running mice.
eLife, 2020

Examining whether and how the rhythms of limb and breathing movements interact is highly informative about the mechanistic origin of hyperpnoea during running exercise. However, studies have failed to reveal regularities. In particular, whether breathing frequency is inherently proportional to limb velocity and imposed by a synchronization of breaths to strides is still unclear. Here, we examined respiratory changes during running in the resourceful mouse model. We show that, for a wide range of trotting speeds on a treadmill, respiratory rate increases to a fixed and stable value irrespective of trotting velocities. Respiratory rate was yet further increased during escape-like running and most particularly at gallop. However, we found no temporal coordination of breaths to strides at any speed, intensity, or gait. Our work thus highlights that exercise hyperpnoea can operate, at least in mice and in the presently examined running regimes, without phasic constraints from limb movements.
Glatiramer acetate for multiple sclerosis: a comprehensive review of mechanisms and clinical efficacy.
Expert review of neurotherapeutics, 2002

The 'Decade of the Brain' (1990-2000) saw unprecedented advances in neurosciences including multiple sclerosis. It could have not been more aptly named, as it produced a shift in the paradigm of multiple sclerosis management, making multiple sclerosis a treatable disorder with the availability of several therapeutic options. For a chronic progressive neurological disorder like multiple sclerosis, this change in the understanding and treatment touched the lives of hundreds of thousands of patients worldwide and many more who provided care and counsel as family and friends. Of the four agents available for the treatment of the most common type of multiple sclerosis - relapsing-remitting - three are beta-interferons and one is a noninterferon polypeptide of four amino acids (glatiramer acetate) with a distinct immunomodulating profile. Glatiramer acetate is now approved and available in North America, Europe and many other countries. It has been tested in pivotal trials as well as long term extension trials for almost 10 years (8 years published) providing remarkable evidence of efficacy and safety. This review will highlight the immune mechanisms and clinical data reported with glatiramer acetate in multiple sclerosis over the past three decades.
Bilateral Dorsomedial Prefrontal Cortex rTMS for Tinnitus Treatment: A Successful Case.
The Eurasian journal of medicine, 2019

We present a successful tinnitus treatment case with intensity and distress reduction in a patient subjected to bilateral 10 Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) to the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (DMPFC). Subjective tinnitus is the perception of sound in the ears or head when no corresponding external stimulus exists. Approximately 1%-2% of the population report severe tinnitus with daily life impairment. Sham-controlled studies have revealed benefits using rTMS in tinnitus, although the improvement is moderate or temporary, indicating the need for new strategies. Evidence that the DMPFC is important in tinnitus pathophysiology makes this area a promising target. A 51-year-old male patient with a 4-year history of treatment-resistant moderate bilateral tinnitus was treated with 20 sessions of bilateral 10 Hz DMPFC rTMS. The patient showed important reduction and sustained 4-month response in tinnitus loudness and annoyance, 24 point drop in tinnitus handicap inventory, visual analog scale reduction to zero, and tinnitus loudness of 1 dB compared to baseline 15 dB. Tinnitus treatment is challenging and new alternatives are needed. To our knowledge, this is the first report using rTMS to the DMPFC for tinnitus. In this protocol, important and sustained reduction of tinnitus annoyance and loudness was obtained. This outcome of the case suggests that this approach is promising for treating tinnitus and is worth further investigation.
Diagnostic utility of FDG-PET in the differential diagnosis between different forms of primary progressive aphasia.
European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging, 2018

A joint effort of the European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM) and the European Academy of Neurology (EAN) aims at clinical guidance for the use of FDG-PET in neurodegenerative diseases. This paper addresses the diagnostic utility of FDG-PET over clinical/neuropsychological assessment in the differentiation of the three forms of primary progressive aphasia (PPA).
Nutritional and metabolic alterations arising from stimulant use: A targeted review of an emerging field.
Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews, 2021

People with stimulant use disorders are usually underweight. Current accepted knowledge is that they are skinny because stimulants suppress appetite - they eat less. But is it that simple? Here we review the relationship between stimulant use, food intake, metabolism and body weight, and highlight key points that may challenge current knowledge: 1) Stimulants interact with the hormonal signals that regulate appetite including ghrelin and leptin, and can produce long-term alterations in the ability to monitor and compensate energy deficits. 2) The diet of people with stimulant use disorders might be characterised by altered nutritional geometry, rather than overall reduction of food intake. 3) Long-term changes in homeostatic signals and nutrient intake can produce metabolic deficits that contribute to unhealthy low weight. Based on this knowledge we advocate for increasing awareness about the nuances of stimulant-related nutritional and metabolic deficits among addiction clinicians, and increased research on the interaction between stimulant use, appetite signaling, and metabolic deficits.
Intention matters more than attention: Item-method directed forgetting of items at attended and unattended locations.
Attention, perception & psychophysics, 2021

This study embedded attentional cues in the study phase of an item-method directed forgetting task. We used an unpredictive onset cue (Experiment 1), a predictive onset cue (Experiment 2), or a predictive central cue (Experiments 3-6) to direct attention to the left or right. In Experiments 1-5, this was followed by a pink or blue study word that required a speeded colour discrimination; in Experiment 6, it was followed by a pink or blue word or nonword that required a lexical decision. Each study word was followed by an instruction to Remember or Forget. A yes-no recognition test confirmed better recognition of to-be-remembered words than to-be-forgotten words; a cueing effect confirmed the effectiveness of predictive cues in allocating attentional resources. There was, however, no evidence that the directed forgetting effect differed for attended and unattended words: Encoding depends more on the memory intention formed after a study word has disappeared than on the availability of processing resources when that word first appears.
Twenty-one Days of Solitude.
Indian journal of critical care medicine : peer-reviewed, official publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine, 2021

As the world is now gradually coming out of the "lockdown" phase, one can expect a change in the demographics and epidemiology of trauma. With traffic back on roads and shifting life again towards "normalcy", it is imperative to carry out introspection and see how we can stop trauma from reaching its pre-COVID levels.
Expression of the regulated isoform of the electrogenic Na
American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology, 2021

Interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs) generate electrical slow waves, which are required for normal gastrointestinal motility. The mechanisms for generation of normal pacemaking are not fully understood. Normal gastrointestinal contractility
Characteristics and Comparison of 32 COVID-19 and Non-COVID-19 Ischemic Strokes and Historical Stroke Patients.
Journal of stroke and cerebrovascular diseases : the official journal of National Stroke Association, 2021

The presence of COVID-19 infection may increase the risk of thrombotic events including ischemic strokes. Whilst a number of recent reports suggest that COVID-19 associated stroke tends to be severe, there is limited data on the effects of COVID-19 in prospective registries.
Cerebrospinal Fluid Norepinephrine and Neurocognition in HIV and Methamphetamine Dependence.
Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 2020

HIV disease and methamphetamine (METH) dependence share overlapping mechanisms of neurotoxicity that preferentially compromise monoamine-rich frontostriatal circuitry. However, norepinephrine (NE) function is poorly understood in HIV and METH dependence. We evaluated associations between cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) NE and HIV, METH dependence, and neurocognition.
Autoradiographic analysis of muscarinic receptors and choline-uptake mechanisms within foetal basal forebrain transplants.
Restorative neurology and neuroscience, 1992

The pharmacological characteristics of both muscarinic receptors and high-affinity choline uptake sites were examined within intracerebral implants of foetal basal forebrain cell suspensions. Approximately 12 weeks after implantation, the transplants were identified by acetylcholinesterase histochemistry. Muscarinic receptors were labelled by [3H]quinuclidinyl benzylate (QNB) autoradiography. The M1 and M2 receptor components of QNB binding were differentiated by pirenzepine competition. The distribution of the high-affinity choline uptake site was examined using [3H]hemicholinium-3 (HC3) autoradiography. Unilateral lesion of the nucleus basalis reduced [3H]QNB (8-25%) and [3H]HC3 (19-43%) binding throughout host frontoparietal cortex ipsilateral to the lesion but did not significantly alter these cholinergic markers within cingulate cortex, subcortical white matter, striatum or septum. Saturation analysis of the implanted tissue revealed the presence of a single population of [3H]QNB and [3H]HC3 binding sites with affinities similar to those of the host tissue (KD = 0.43 nM and 20.4 nM respectively). However, the receptor profile which developed appeared to be intrinsic to the implant; it was unaffected by the site of implantation and was dissimilar to that which ultimately developed in the donor tissue when left in situ.
High-Frequency External Muscle Stimulation Reduces Depressive Symptoms in Older Male Veterans: A Pilot Study.
Journal of geriatric psychiatry and neurology, 2021

Late-life depression (LLD) is a severe public health problem. Given that pharmacological treatments for LLD are limited by their side effects, development of efficient and tolerable nonpharmacological treatment for LLD is urgently required. This study investigated whether high-frequency external muscle stimulation could reduce depressive symptoms in LLD.
Mutational analysis of ProTx-I and the novel venom peptide Pe1b provide insight into residues responsible for selective inhibition of the analgesic drug target Na
Biochemical pharmacology, 2020

Management of chronic pain presents a major challenge, since many currently available treatments lack efficacy and have problems such as addiction and tolerance. Loss of function mutations in the SCN9A gene lead to a congenital inability to feel pain, with no other sensory deficits aside from anosmia. SCN9A encodes the voltage-gated sodium (Na
Unraveling the Mysteries of Restless Leg Syndrome.
Cureus, 2020

Restless leg syndrome (RLS) or Willis-Ekbom disease (WED) is an under-diagnosed, chronic, and progressive primary sensory-motor disorder. It is characterized by an uncontrollable urge to move the legs due to uncomfortable and sometimes painful sensations, with a diurnal variation. RLS can lead to severe sleep disturbances, a usual cause of consultation. The pathophysiology is known partially, and it is believed that there is an association between the different variants of genetic mutations combined with dopaminergic and brain iron dysregulation, which plays an important role. The data used for this study were extracted from the articles found in the PubMed database that discuss different gene variants, pathophysiology, and various methods of treatment. They also highlight the role of iron in the pathogenesis of RLS as it is required for the synthesis of tyrosine hydroxylase, which is the rate-limiting step for dopamine synthesis. This review article provides a clinically useful overview of RLS in terms of pathophysiological findings, its genetic associations, and therapeutic options by using the currently available literature. Because RLS presents with vague symptoms and shares similarities with many other diseases, it might be overlooked by many physicians resulting in underdiagnosis and under-treatment. While these discoveries provide a breakthrough in understanding the details of RLS, further studies are recommended as these studies are limited to animal models and provide a limited representation of the general population.
LRP10 variants in progressive supranuclear palsy.
Neurobiology of aging, 2020

The aim of this study was to explore whether variants in LRP10, recently associated with Parkinson's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies, are observed in 2 large cohorts (discovery and validation cohort) of patients with progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). A total of 950 patients with PSP were enrolled: 246 patients with PSP (n = 85 possible (35%), n = 128 probable (52%), n = 33 definite (13%)) in the discovery cohort and 704 patients with definite PSP in the validation cohort. Sanger sequencing of all LRP10 exons and exon-intron boundaries was performed in the discovery cohort, and whole-exome sequencing was performed in the validation cohort. Two patients from the discovery cohort and 8 patients from the validation cohort carried a rare, heterozygous, and possibly pathogenic LRP10 variant (p.Gly326Asp, p.Asp389Asn, and p.Arg158His, p.Cys220Tyr, p.Thr278Ala, p.Gly306Asp, p.Glu486Asp, p.Arg554∗, p.Arg661Cys). In conclusion, possibly pathogenic LRP10 variants occur in a small fraction of patients with PSP and may be overrepresented in these patients compared with controls. This suggests that possibly pathogenic LRP10 variants may play a role in the development of PSP.
CGRP Receptor Antagonism in COVID-19: Potential Cardiopulmonary Adverse Effects.
Trends in molecular medicine, 2021

Recently, the US FDA has authorized a drug repurposing trial with calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) receptor antagonists to reduce lung inflammation in coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19). However, the well-established cardiopulmonary protective effects of CGRP raise concerns about the safety of antagonizing CGRP in COVID-19. Awareness regarding potential cardiopulmonary adverse effects may enable their early detection and prevent illness from worsening.
Are sinonasal dissection courses a valid instrument for endoscopic sinus surgeons? A report on 7-years of experience.
Acta otorhinolaryngologica Italica : organo ufficiale della Societa italiana di otorinolaringologia e chirurgia cervico-facciale, 2020

Sinonasal dissection courses have been reported to be effective in teaching sinonasal anatomy to trainees, and in improving surgical skills for trained surgeons. Between 2013 and 2019, a standardised structured questionnaire was handed out to 130 participants of 8 sinonasal dissection courses. Each questionnaire included questions about the medical equipment the surgeons were fitted, and the problems encountered during the dissection.The majority of the participants, regardless of their experience and age, considered uncinectomy and anterior ethmoidectomy as the simplest parts of the dissection, whereas the most complicated step was the approach to the frontal sinus. All participants considered the dissection course as a useful way to improve their medical skills while performing an endoscopic surgery procedure, such as their anatomical knowledge, and confidence with instrumentation and the dissection. Sinonasal dissection courses can be considered to be useful for both trainees and trained surgeons. Improving anatomical knowledge can reduce the occurrence of complications, especially in endoscopic surgery.
Speech, Language, and Oromotor Skills in Patients With Polymicrogyria.
Neurology, 2021

To determine whether specific speech, language, and oromotor profiles are associated with different patterns of polymicrogyria, we assessed 52 patients with polymicrogyria using a battery of standardized tests and correlated findings with topography and severity of polymicrogyria.
Transient Stimulation with Psychoplastogens Is Sufficient to Initiate Neuronal Growth.
ACS pharmacology & translational science, 2021

Cortical neuron atrophy is a hallmark of depression and includes neurite retraction, dendritic spine loss, and decreased synaptic density. Psychoplastogens, small molecules capable of rapidly promoting cortical neuron growth, have been hypothesized to produce long-lasting positive effects on behavior by rectifying these deleterious structural and functional changes. Here we demonstrate that ketamine and LSD, psychoplastogens from two structurally distinct chemical classes, promote sustained growth of cortical neurons after only short periods of stimulation. Furthermore, we show that psychoplastogen-induced cortical neuron growth can be divided into two distinct epochs: an initial stimulation phase requiring TrkB activation and a growth period involving sustained mTOR and AMPA receptor activation. Our results provide important temporal details concerning the molecular mechanisms by which next-generation antidepressants produce persistent changes in cortical neuron structure, and they suggest that rapidly excreted psychoplastogens might still be effective neurotherapeutics with unique advantages over compounds like ketamine and LSD.
Claiming the validity of scientific evidence in post-truth times.
International journal of bipolar disorders, 2017

This letter is written in response to a review recently published in the journal. The aim is to highlight a potential methodological limitation common to many studies comparing bipolar patients with few previous episodes versus those with multiple episodes, and in which the results are interpreted as indicating the longitudinal course of the illness.
Bottom-of-sulcus dysplasia: the role of 
European journal of hybrid imaging, 2020

Bottom-of-sulcus dysplasia (BOSD) is a type of focal cortical dysplasia and an important cause of intractable epilepsy. While the MRI features of BOSD have been well documented, the contribution of PET to the identification of these small lesions has not been widely explored. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (
Genotypic diversity and phenotypic spectrum of infantile liver failure syndrome type 1 due to variants in LARS1.
Genetics in medicine : official journal of the American College of Medical Genetics, 2020

Biallelic variants in LARS1, coding for the cytosolic leucyl-tRNA synthetase, cause infantile liver failure syndrome 1 (ILFS1). Since its description in 2012, there has been no systematic analysis of the clinical spectrum and genetic findings.