romikgosai/squad_modified_2 huggingface dataset:
At the turn of the 21st century, a post-punk revival developed in British and American alternative and indie rock, which soon started appearing in other countries, as well. The earliest sign of a revival was the emergence of various underground bands in the mid-'90s. However, the first commercially successful bands – the Strokes, Franz Ferdinand, Interpol, Neils Children and Editors – surfaced in the late 1990s to early 2000s, as did several dance-oriented bands such as the Rapture, Radio 4 and LCD Soundsystem. Additionally, some darker post-punk bands began to appear in the indie music scene in the 2010s, including Cold Cave, She Wants Revenge, Eagulls, the Soft Moon, She Past Away and Light Asylum, who were also affiliated with the darkwave revival, as well as A Place to Bury Strangers, who combined early post-punk and shoegaze. These bands tend to draw a fanbase who are a combination of the indie music subculture, older post-punk fans and the current goth subculture. In the 2010s, Savages played a music reminiscent of early British post-punk bands of the late '70s.

Q1: When did a post-punk revival start happening in England and the Colonies?
A1: turn of the 21st century
Q2: What early sign heralded the post-punk revival?
A2: emergence of various underground bands
Q3: When did some of the darker post-punk bands start to appear in the indie scene?
A3: the 2010s
Q4: The post-punk revival bands bring in a fanbase from what subculture?
A4: indie music
Q5: What band played music similar to that of the early British post-punk bands of the late '70s as recently as 2010?
A5: Savages
Q6: When was the post-punk revival in British and American cultures?
A6: turn of the 21st century
Q7: Who were the most commercially successful bands of the post-punk revival?
A7: the Strokes, Franz Ferdinand, Interpol, Neils Children and Editors
Q8: When did the commercially successful post-punk bands begin to hit the scene?
A8: late 1990s to early 2000s
Q9: What was the earliest sign of the post-punk revival?
A9: emergence of various underground bands in the mid-'90s
Q10: Which dark post-punk bands began to emmerge in the indie scene?
A10: Cold Cave, She Wants Revenge, Eagulls, the Soft Moon, She Past Away and Light Asylum
In Canada, the term "football" may refer to Canadian football and American football collectively, or to either sport specifically, depending on context. The two sports have shared origins and are closely related but have significant differences. In particular, Canadian football has 12 players on the field per team rather than 11; the field is roughly 10 yards wider, and 10 yards longer between end-zones that are themselves 10 yards deeper; and a team has only three downs to gain 10 yards, which results in less offensive rushing than in the American game. In the Canadian game all players on the defending team, when a down begins, must be at least 1 yard from the line of scrimmage. (The American game has a similar "neutral zone" but it is only the length of the football.)

Q1: Which North American version of football calls for 12 player per side on the field?
A1: Canadian
Q2: How many yards wider is a Canadian football field than an American football field?
A2: 10
Q3: Which version of North American football has smaller end zones?
A3: American
Q4: How many downs does a team have to advance ten yards in Canadian football?
A4: three
Q5: How far away from the line of scrimmage must Canadian football defenders be?
A5: 1 yard
Canadian football is also played at the high school, junior, collegiate, and semi-professional levels: the Canadian Junior Football League, formed May 8, 1974, and Quebec Junior Football League are leagues for players aged 18–22, many post-secondary institutions compete in Canadian Interuniversity Sport for the Vanier Cup, and senior leagues such as the Alberta Football League have grown in popularity in recent years. Great achievements in Canadian football are enshrined in the Canadian Football Hall of Fame.

Q1: On which date was the Canadian Junior Football League formed?
A1: May 8, 1974
Q2: How old are the players in the Quebec Junior Football League?
A2: 18–22
Q3: What trophy is awarded to the winner of Canadian inter-university football competition?
A3: Vanier Cup
Q4: What institution memorializes great Canadian football achievements?
A4: Canadian Football Hall of Fame
The first written account of a game played was on October 15, 1862, on the Montreal Cricket Grounds. It was between the First Battalion Grenadier Guards and the Second Battalion Scots Fusilier Guards resulting in a win by the Grenadier Guards 3 goals, 2 rouges to nothing.[citation needed] In 1864, at Trinity College, Toronto, F. Barlow Cumberland, Frederick A. Bethune, and Christopher Gwynn, one of the founders of Milton, Massachusetts, devised rules based on rugby football. The game gradually gained a following, with the Hamilton Football Club formed on November 3, 1869, (the oldest football club in Canada). Montreal formed a team April 8, 1872, Toronto was formed on October 4, 1873, and the Ottawa FBC on September 20, 1876.

Q1: On which date was the first Canadian football game for which a written record has survived?
A1: October 15, 1862
Q2: Which team won the first recorded Canadian football game?
A2: First Battalion Grenadier Guards
Q3: What is the oldest football club in Canada?
A3: Hamilton Football Club
Q4: Which founder of Milton, MA also helped develop the rules of Canadian football?
A4: Christopher Gwynn
Q5: What was the first final score recorded of a Canadian football game?
A5: 3 goals, 2 rouges to nothing
The first attempt to establish a proper governing body and adopted the current set of Rugby rules was the Foot Ball Association of Canada, organized on March 24, 1873 followed by the Canadian Rugby Football Union (CRFU) founded June 12, 1880, which included teams from Ontario and Quebec. Later both the Ontario and Quebec Rugby Football Union (ORFU and QRFU) were formed (January 1883), and then the Interprovincial (1907) and Western Interprovincial Football Union (1936) (IRFU and WIFU). The CRFU reorganized into an umbrella organization forming the Canadian Rugby Union (CRU) in 1891. The original forerunners to the current Canadian Football League, was established in 1956 when the IRFU and WIFU formed an umbrella organization, The Canadian Football Council (CFC). And then in 1958 the CFC left The CRFU to become The CFL.

Q1: On which date was the first governing body for Canadian football formed?
A1: March 24, 1873
Q2: Which governing organization for Canadian football was formed on June 12, 1880?
A2: Canadian Rugby Football Union
Q3: In which year was the Western Interprovincial Football Union founded?
A3: 1936
Q4: Which Canadian football union expanded its scope in 1891?
A4: Canadian Rugby Football Union
Q5: Which organization founded in 1956 evolved into the modern Canadian Football League?
A5: Canadian Football Council
The Burnside rules closely resembling American Football that were incorporated in 1903 by The ORFU, was an effort to distinguish it from a more rugby-oriented game. The Burnside Rules had teams reduced to 12 men per side, introduced the Snap-Back system, required the offensive team to gain 10 yards on three downs, eliminated the Throw-In from the sidelines, allowed only six men on the line, stated that all goals by kicking were to be worth two points and the opposition was to line up 10 yards from the defenders on all kicks. The rules were an attempt to standardize the rules throughout the country. The CIRFU, QRFU and CRU refused to adopt the new rules at first. Forward passes were not allowed in the Canadian game until 1929, and touchdowns, which had been five points, were increased to six points in 1956, in both cases several decades after the Americans had adopted the same changes. The primary differences between the Canadian and American games stem from rule changes that the American side of the border adopted but the Canadian side did not (originally, both sides had three downs, goal posts on the goal lines and unlimited forward motion, but the American side modified these rules and the Canadians did not). The Canadian field width was one rule that was not based on American rules, as the Canadian game played in wider fields and stadiums that were not as narrow as the American stadiums.

Q1: Which Canadian football rules did the ORFU adopt in 1903?
A1: Burnside
Q2: Which three Canadian football unions resisted the Burnside Rules?
A2: CIRFU, QRFU and CRU
Q3: In which year did forward passes become acceptable in Canadian football?
A3: 1929
Q4: Which style of North American football changed the rules of their game the most from their earliest versions?
A4: American
The Grey Cup was established in 1909 after being donated by Albert Grey, 4th Earl Grey, The Governor General of Canada as the championship of teams under the CRU for the Rugby Football Championship of Canada. Initially an amateur competition, it eventually became dominated by professional teams in the 1940s and early 1950s. The Ontario Rugby Football Union, the last amateur organization to compete for the trophy, withdrew from competition in 1954. The move ushered in the modern era of Canadian professional football.

Q1: Who donated a championship trophy for Canadian football teams in 1909?
A1: Albert Grey
Q2: When did professional teams begin to dominate the Canadian football championship?
A2: 1940s and early 1950s
Q3: Which trophy was awarded to a Canadian football champion beginning in 1909?
A3: Grey Cup
Q4: Which was the last amateur team to compete for the Canadian football championship?
A4: Ontario Rugby Football Union
Q5: What government position was held by the man who donated the Grey Cup to Canadian football?
A5: The Governor General of Canada
Canadian football has mostly been confined to Canada, with the United States being the only other country to have hosted a high-level Canadian football game. The CFL's controversial "South Division" as it would come to be officially known attempted to put CFL teams in the United States playing under Canadian rules between 1992 and 1995. The move was aborted after three years; the Baltimore Stallions were the most successful of the numerous Americans teams to play in the CFL, winning the 83rd Grey Cup. Continuing financial losses, a lack of proper Canadian football venues, a pervasive belief that the American teams were simply pawns to provide the struggling Canadian teams with expansion fee revenue, and the return of the NFL to Baltimore prompted the end of Canadian football on the American side of the border.

Q1: Which one country besides Canada has hosted a professional Canadian football game?
A1: United States
Q2: In which year did the CFL first attempt an expansion into the United States?
A2: 1992
Q3: Which American CFL team won the Grey Cup?
A3: Baltimore Stallions
Q4: The return of an NFL team to which city contributed to the demise of the CFL's American expansion?
A4: Baltimore
Q5: How many years did the CFL South Division last?
A5: three
Amateur football is governed by Football Canada. At the university level, 26 teams play in four conferences under the auspices of Canadian Interuniversity Sport; the CIS champion is awarded the Vanier Cup. Junior football is played by many after high school before joining the university ranks. There are 20 junior teams in three divisions in the Canadian Junior Football League competing for the Canadian Bowl. The Quebec Junior Football League includes teams from Ontario and Quebec who battle for the Manson Cup.

Q1: Which organization oversees amateur Canadian football?
A1: Football Canada
Q2: How many football teams compete in Canadian Interuniversity Sport?
A2: 26
Q3: Which trophy goes to the Canadian Interuniversity Sport football champion?
A3: Vanier Cup
Q4: What is the name of the championship game for junior Canadian football teams?
A4: Canadian Bowl
Q5: Which provinces field teams in the Quebec Junior Football League?
A5: Ontario and Quebec
The Canadian football field is 150 yards (137 m) long and 65 yards (59 m) wide with end zones 20 yards (18 m) deep, and goal lines 110 yards (101 m) apart. At each goal line is a set of 40-foot-high (12 m) goalposts, which consist of two uprights joined by an 18 1⁄2-foot-long (5.6 m) crossbar which is 10 feet (3 m) above the goal line. The goalposts may be H-shaped (both posts fixed in the ground) although in the higher-calibre competitions the tuning-fork design (supported by a single curved post behind the goal line, so that each post starts 10 feet (3 m) above the ground) is preferred. The sides of the field are marked by white sidelines, the goal line is marked in white, and white lines are drawn laterally across the field every 5 yards (4.6 m) from the goal line. These lateral lines are called "yard lines" and often marked with the distance in yards from and an arrow pointed toward the nearest goal line. In previous decades, arrows were not used and every yard line was usually marked with the distance to the goal line, including the goal line itself which was marked with a "0"; in most stadiums today, the 10-, 20-, 30-, 40-, and 50-yard lines are marked with numbers, with the goal line sometimes being marked with a "G". The centre (55-yard) line usually is marked with a "C". "Hash marks" are painted in white, parallel to the yardage lines, at 1 yard (0.9 m) intervals, 24 yards (21.9 m) from the sidelines. On fields that have a surrounding running track, such as Commonwealth Stadium, Molson Stadium, and many universities, the end zones are often cut off in the corners to accommodate the track. In 2014, Edmonton placed turf over the track to create full end zones. This was particularly common among U.S.-based teams during the CFL's American expansion, where few American stadiums were able to accommodate the much longer and noticeably wider CFL field.

Q1: How many yards wide is a Canadian football field?
A1: 65
Q2: How long in meters is the crossbar of a Canadian football goal?
A2: 5.6
Q3: What part of a Canadian football field was sometimes marked with a "G"?
A3: goal line
Q4: What distance from the sidelines are hash marks painted on a CFL field?
A4: 24 yards (21.9 m)
At the beginning of a match, an official tosses a coin and allows the captain of the visiting team call heads or tails. The captain of the team winning the coin toss is given the option of having first choice, or of deferring first choice to the other captain. The captain making first choice may either choose a) to kick off or receive the kick and the beginning of the half, or b) which direction of the field to play in. The remaining choice is given to the opposing captain. Before the resumption of play in the second half, the captain that did not have first choice in the first half is given first choice. Teams usually choose to defer, so it is typical for the team that wins the coin toss to kick to begin the first half and receive to begin the second.

Q1: Which team calls heads or tails in the coin flip before a CFL game?
A1: visiting
Q2: Who on a football team articulates the team's decision following the coin flip?
A2: captain
Q3: What can the team that wins the coin toss choose besides whether they wish to kick off or receive the ball?
A3: which direction of the field to play in
Q4: Who makes a choice after the team that wins the coin toss has made their decision?
A4: the opposing captain
Play stops when the ball carrier's knee, elbow, or any other body part aside from the feet and hands, is forced to the ground (a tackle); when a forward pass is not caught on the fly (during a scrimmage); when a touchdown (see below) or a field goal is scored; when the ball leaves the playing area by any means (being carried, thrown, or fumbled out of bounds); or when the ball carrier is in a standing position but can no longer move forwards (called forward progress). If no score has been made, the next play starts from scrimmage.

Q1: What is the term for play stopped because the ball carrier, although not fully tackled, can no longer advance the ball?
A1: forward progress
Q2: Where does the next play start unless a team has just scored?
A2: scrimmage
Q3: Which parts of the ball carrier's body do not cause play to stop when they touch the ground?
A3: feet and hands
Q4: Which direction of pass causes play to stop when it is not caught?
A4: forward
Before scrimmage, an official places the ball at the spot it was at the stop of clock, but no nearer than 24 yards from the sideline or 1 yard from the goal line. The line parallel to the goal line passing through the ball (line from sideline to sideline for the length of the ball) is referred to as the line of scrimmage. This line is similar to "no-man's land"; players must stay on their respective sides of this line until the play has begun again. For a scrimmage to be valid the team in possession of the football must have seven players, excluding the quarterback, within one yard of the line of scrimmage. The defending team must stay a yard or more back from the line of scrimmage.

Q1: What minimum distance from the sideline does the official place the ball before play starts?
A1: 24 yards
Q2: What is the term for the line across the field where the ball is positioned before a play?
A2: line of scrimmage
Q3: How many players must the team with possession place near the line of scrimmage?
A3: seven
Q4: How close to the line of scrimmage can defensive players approach before a play is run?
A4: one yard
On the field at the beginning of a play are two teams of 12 (unlike 11 in American football). The team in possession of the ball is the offence and the team defending is referred to as the defence. Play begins with a backwards pass through the legs (the snap) by a member of the offensive team, to another member of the offensive team. This is usually the quarterback or punter, but a "direct snap" to a running back is also not uncommon. If the quarterback or punter receives the ball, he may then do any of the following:

Q1: How many players does each side field in an American football game?
A1: 11
Q2: What is the term for the team who begins a play with control of the ball?
A2: offence
Q3: What is the initial backward movement of the ball in a play called?
A3: the snap
Q4: Which two players most commonly receive the first backward pass in a football play?
A4: quarterback or punter
Each play constitutes a down. The offence must advance the ball at least ten yards towards the opponents' goal line within three downs or forfeit the ball to their opponents. Once ten yards have been gained the offence gains a new set of three downs (rather than the four downs given in American football). Downs do not accumulate. If the offensive team completes 10 yards on their first play, they lose the other two downs and are granted another set of three. If a team fails to gain ten yards in two downs they usually punt the ball on third down or try to kick a field goal (see below), depending on their position on the field. The team may, however use its third down in an attempt to advance the ball and gain a cumulative 10 yards.

Q1: What is another term for a completed play?
A1: down
Q2: How many plays can the offence run without gaining ten yards?
A2: three
Q3: What does a team do when they have not advance the ball enough to score or likely gain a new set of downs?
A3: punt
Q4: How many downs does a team get after they've gained ten on their first down?
A4: three
There are many rules to contact in this type of football. First, the only player on the field who may be legally tackled is the player currently in possession of the football (the ball carrier). Second, a receiver, that is to say, an offensive player sent down the field to receive a pass, may not be interfered with (have his motion impeded, be blocked, etc.) unless he is within one yard of the line of scrimmage (instead of 5 yards (4.6 m) in American football). Any player may block another player's passage, so long as he does not hold or trip the player he intends to block. The kicker may not be contacted after the kick but before his kicking leg returns to the ground (this rule is not enforced upon a player who has blocked a kick), and the quarterback, having already thrown the ball, may not be hit or tackled.

Q1: What is the term for the player that is currently handing the football when play is underway?
A1: ball carrier
Q2: Within what distance from the line of scrimmage can offensive players who do not have the ball be legally contacted by defensive players?
A2: one yard
Q3: What are two illegal ways to block an opposing player's progress near the line of scrimmage?
A3: hold or trip
Q4: Which player may not be tackled immediately after they have thrown a pass?
A4: quarterback
Infractions of the rules are punished with penalties, typically a loss of yardage of 5, 10 or 15 yards against the penalized team. Minor violations such as offside (a player from either side encroaching into scrimmage zone before the play starts) are penalized five yards, more serious penalties (such as holding) are penalized 10 yards, and severe violations of the rules (such as face-masking) are typically penalized 15 yards. Depending on the penalty, the penalty yardage may be assessed from the original line of scrimmage, from where the violation occurred (for example, for a pass interference infraction), or from where the ball ended after the play. Penalties on the offence may, or may not, result in a loss of down; penalties on the defence may result in a first down being automatically awarded to the offence. For particularly severe conduct, the game official(s) may eject players (ejected players may be substituted for), or in exceptional cases, declare the game over and award victory to one side or the other. Penalties do not affect the yard line which the offence must reach to gain a first down (unless the penalty results in a first down being awarded); if a penalty against the defence results in the first down yardage being attained, then the offence is awarded a first down.

Q1: What is the usual penalty when the rules of play are violated?
A1: loss of yardage
Q2: How many yards does a team lose when they commit a minor penalty?
A2: five
Q3: How many yards does a team lose for face-masking?
A3: 15
Q4: What other than yardage is sometimes awarded the offence on a defensive penalty?
A4: first down
Penalties never result in a score for the offence. For example, a point-of-foul infraction committed by the defence in their end zone is not ruled a touchdown, but instead advances the ball to the one-yard line with an automatic first down. For a distance penalty, if the yardage is greater than half the distance to the goal line, then the ball is advanced half the distance to the goal line, though only up to the one-yard line (unlike American football, in Canadian football no scrimmage may start inside either one-yard line). If the original penalty yardage would have resulted in a first down or moving the ball past the goal line, a first down is awarded.

Q1: Where is the ball placed when a defensive penalty is committed in their own end zone?
A1: one-yard line
Q2: In which North American style of football is the line of scrimmage never inside the one-yard line?
A2: Canadian
Q3: A play that results in what outcome will never also be a scoring play?
A3: Penalties
Q4: How many penalty yards are awarded when the ball is nearer the goal line than the usual penalty yardage?
A4: half the distance to the goal line