romikgosai/squad_modified_2 huggingface dataset:
Religion is extremely important to the Tibetans and has a strong influence over all aspects of their lives. Bön is the ancient religion of Tibet, but has been almost eclipsed by Tibetan Buddhism, a distinctive form of Mahayana and Vajrayana, which was introduced into Tibet from the Sanskrit Buddhist tradition of northern India. Tibetan Buddhism is practiced not only in Tibet but also in Mongolia, parts of northern India, the Buryat Republic, the Tuva Republic, and in the Republic of Kalmykia and some other parts of China. During China's Cultural Revolution, nearly all Tibet's monasteries were ransacked and destroyed by the Red Guards. A few monasteries have begun to rebuild since the 1980s (with limited support from the Chinese government) and greater religious freedom has been granted – although it is still limited. Monks returned to monasteries across Tibet and monastic education resumed even though the number of monks imposed is strictly limited. Before the 1950s, between 10 and 20% of males in Tibet were monks.

Q1: What has a strong influence over all aspect of Tibetans lives?
A1: Religion
Q2: What is the ancient religion of Tibet?
A2: Bön
Q3: When were nearly all of Tibet's monasteries destroyed by the Red Guard?
A3: During China's Cultural Revolution
Q4: When were 10 to 20% of Tibets males monks?
A4: Before the 1950s
Muslims have been living in Tibet since as early as the 8th or 9th century. In Tibetan cities, there are small communities of Muslims, known as Kachee (Kache), who trace their origin to immigrants from three main regions: Kashmir (Kachee Yul in ancient Tibetan), Ladakh and the Central Asian Turkic countries. Islamic influence in Tibet also came from Persia. After 1959 a group of Tibetan Muslims made a case for Indian nationality based on their historic roots to Kashmir and the Indian government declared all Tibetan Muslims Indian citizens later on that year. Other Muslim ethnic groups who have long inhabited Tibet include Hui, Salar, Dongxiang and Bonan. There is also a well established Chinese Muslim community (gya kachee), which traces its ancestry back to the Hui ethnic group of China.

Q1: What are Tibetan Muslims known as?
A1: Kachee
Q2: Where did Islamic influence in Tibet come from?
A2: Persia
Q3: In what year were all Tibetan Muslims declared Indiana citizens?
A3: 1959
Q4: What is the Chinese Muslim community called?
A4: gya kachee
Roman Catholic Jesuits and Capuchins arrived from Europe in the 17th and 18th centuries. Portuguese missionaries Jesuit Father António de Andrade and Brother Manuel Marques first reached the kingdom of Gelu in western Tibet in 1624 and was welcomed by the royal family who allowed them to build a church later on. By 1627, there were about a hundred local converts in the Guge kingdom. Later on, Christianity was introduced to Rudok, Ladakh and Tsang and was welcomed by the ruler of the Tsang kingdom, where Andrade and his fellows established a Jesuit outpost at Shigatse in 1626.

Q1: When did Roman Catholic Jesuits and Capuchins arrive in Tibet from Europe?
A1: 17th and 18th centuries
Q2: When did Portuguese missionaries first arrive in western Tibet?
A2: 1624
Q3: When was Christianity introduced to Rudok, Ladakh, and Tsang?
A3: 1626
In 1661 another Jesuit, Johann Grueber, crossed Tibet from Sining to Lhasa (where he spent a month), before heading on to Nepal. He was followed by others who actually built a church in Lhasa. These included the Jesuit Father Ippolito Desideri, 1716–1721, who gained a deep knowledge of Tibetan culture, language and Buddhism, and various Capuchins in 1707–1711, 1716–1733 and 1741–1745, Christianity was used by some Tibetan monarchs and their courts and the Karmapa sect lamas to counterbalance the influence of the Gelugpa sect in the 17th century until in 1745 when all the missionaries were expelled at the lama's insistence.

Q1: When did Johann Grueber cross Tibet on the way to Nepal?
A1: 1661
Q2: When did Jesuit Father Ippolito Desideri spend time in Tibet?
A2: 1716–1721
Q3: How was Christianity used by some Tibetan monarchs?
A3: counterbalance the influence of the Gelugpa sect
In 1877, the Protestant James Cameron from the China Inland Mission walked from Chongqing to Batang in Garzê Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan province, and "brought the Gospel to the Tibetan people." Beginning in the 20th century, in Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in Yunnan, a large number of Lisu people and some Yi and Nu people converted to Christianity. Famous earlier missionaries include James O. Fraser, Alfred James Broomhall and Isobel Kuhn of the China Inland Mission, among others who were active in this area.

Q1: When did Protestant James Cameron bring the Gospel to the Tibetan people?
A1: 1877
Q2: When did a large number of Lisu people convert to Christianity?
A2: Beginning in the 20th century
Q3: How were James O. Fraser, Alfred James Broomhall, and Isobel Kuhn involved with Tibet?
A3: Famous earlier missionaries
Standing at 117 metres (384 feet) in height and 360 metres (1,180 feet) in width, the Potala Palace is the most important example of Tibetan architecture. Formerly the residence of the Dalai Lama, it contains over one thousand rooms within thirteen stories, and houses portraits of the past Dalai Lamas and statues of the Buddha. It is divided between the outer White Palace, which serves as the administrative quarters, and the inner Red Quarters, which houses the assembly hall of the Lamas, chapels, 10,000 shrines, and a vast library of Buddhist scriptures. The Potala Palace is a World Heritage Site, as is Norbulingka, the former summer residence of the Dalai Lama.

Q1: Who used to reside in the Potala Palace?
A1: the Dalai Lama
Q2: How many stories does the Potala Palace contain?
A2: thirteen
Q3: How many shrines exist in the Potala Palace?
A3: 10,000
Q4: What is Norbulingka?
A4: former summer residence of the Dalai Lama
Tibetan music often involves chanting in Tibetan or Sanskrit, as an integral part of the religion. These chants are complex, often recitations of sacred texts or in celebration of various festivals. Yang chanting, performed without metrical timing, is accompanied by resonant drums and low, sustained syllables. Other styles include those unique to the various schools of Tibetan Buddhism, such as the classical music of the popular Gelugpa school, and the romantic music of the Nyingmapa, Sakyapa and Kagyupa schools.

Q1: In what languages is Tibetan music often chanted in?
A1: Tibetan or Sanskrit
Q2: What do the chants often contain?
A2: recitations of sacred texts
Q3: What type of chanting is performed without metrical timing?
A3: Yang
Q4: What type of music comes from the popular Gelugpa school?
A4: classical
Tibet has various festivals that are commonly performed to worship the Buddha[citation needed] throughout the year. Losar is the Tibetan New Year Festival. Preparations for the festive event are manifested by special offerings to family shrine deities, painted doors with religious symbols, and other painstaking jobs done to prepare for the event. Tibetans eat Guthuk (barley noodle soup with filling) on New Year's Eve with their families. The Monlam Prayer Festival follows it in the first month of the Tibetan calendar, falling between the fourth and the eleventh days of the first Tibetan month. It involves dancing and participating in sports events, as well as sharing picnics. The event was established in 1049 by Tsong Khapa, the founder of the Dalai Lama and the Panchen Lama's order.

Q1: What is worshipped during Tibet's various festibals?
A1: Buddha
Q2: What is the Tibetan New Year Festival called?
A2: Losar
Q3: What do Tibetan's eat on New Year's Eve?
A3: Guthuk
Q4: When is the Monlam Prayer Festival?
A4: between the fourth and the eleventh days of the first Tibetan month
Q5: Who established the Monlam Prayer Festival in 1049?
A5: Tsong Khapa
The most important crop in Tibet is barley, and dough made from barley flour—called tsampa—is the staple food of Tibet. This is either rolled into noodles or made into steamed dumplings called momos. Meat dishes are likely to be yak, goat, or mutton, often dried, or cooked into a spicy stew with potatoes. Mustard seed is cultivated in Tibet, and therefore features heavily in its cuisine. Yak yogurt, butter and cheese are frequently eaten, and well-prepared yogurt is considered something of a prestige item. Butter tea is very popular to drink.

Q1: What is the most important crop in Tibet?
A1: barley
Q2: What is dough made from barley flour called?
A2: tsampa
Q3: What are steamed dumplings called?
A3: momos
Q4: What is a popular drink in Tibet?
A4: Butter tea
Q5: What seed is cultivated in Tibet?
A5: Mustard
An exhibition game (also known as a friendly, a scrimmage, a demonstration, a preseason game, a warmup match, or a preparation match, depending at least in part on the sport) is a sporting event whose prize money and impact on the player's or the team's rankings is either zero or otherwise greatly reduced. In team sports, matches of this type are often used to help coaches and managers select players for the competitive matches of a league season or tournament. If the players usually play in different teams in other leagues, exhibition games offer an opportunity for the players to learn to work with each other. The games can be held between separate teams or between parts of the same team.

Q1: What is 'a friendly' another term for?
A1: exhibition game
Q2: What is 'a scrimmage' another term for?
A2: exhibition game
Q3: What is 'a demonstration' another term for?
A3: exhibition game
Q4: What is 'a preseason game' another term for?
A4: exhibition game
Q5: What is 'a warmup match' another term for?
A5: exhibition game
An exhibition game may also be used to settle a challenge, to provide professional entertainment, to promote the sport, or to raise money for charities. Several sports leagues hold all-star games to showcase their best players against each other, while other exhibitions games may pit participants from two different leagues or countries to unofficially determine who would be the best in the world. International competitions like the Olympic Games may also hold exhibition games as part of a demonstration sport.

Q1: What type of exhibition game showcases the best players?
A1: all-star games
Q2: What are exhibition games in the Olympics?
A2: a demonstration sport
Q3: What can an exhibition game raise money for?
A3: charities
Q4: What can an exhibition game settle?
A4: a challenge
In the early days of association football, known simply as football or soccer, friendly matches (or "friendlies") were the most common type of match. However, since the development of The Football League in England in 1888, league tournaments became established, in addition to lengthy derby and cup tournaments. By the year 2000, national leagues were established in almost every country throughout the world, as well as local or regional leagues for lower level teams, thus the significance of friendlies has seriously declined since the 19th century.

Q1: What were the most common type of matches in the early days of soccer?
A1: friendly matches (or "friendlies")
Q2: When did the Football League begin in England?
A2: 1888
Q3: By what year had national football leagues been formed in nearly every country?
A3: 2000
Q4: What did the growth of national leagues cause a serious decline in?
A4: the significance of friendlies
Since the introduction of league football, most club sides play a number of friendlies before the start of each season (called pre-season friendlies). Friendly football matches are considered to be non-competitive and are only used to "warm up" players for a new season/competitive match. There is generally nothing competitive at stake and some rules may be changed or experimented with (such as unlimited substitutions, which allow teams to play younger, less experienced, players, and no cards). Although most friendlies are simply one-off matches arranged by the clubs themselves, in which a certain amount is paid by the challenger club to the incumbent club, some teams do compete in short tournaments, such as the Emirates Cup, Teresa Herrera Trophy and the Amsterdam Tournament. Although these events may involve sponsorship deals and the awarding of a trophy and may even be broadcast on television, there is little prestige attached to them.

Q1: When do football clubs still play friendlies?
A1: before the start of each season
Q2: What type of football matches are non-competitive?
A2: friendlies
Q3: What do some friendlies change the rules to make unlimited?
A3: substitutions
Q4: What are some examples of friendly short football tournaments?
A4: the Emirates Cup, Teresa Herrera Trophy and the Amsterdam Tournament
Q5: What do friendly short football tournaments have little of?
A5: prestige
International teams also play friendlies, generally in preparation for the qualifying or final stages of major tournaments. This is essential, since national squads generally have much less time together in which to prepare. The biggest difference between friendlies at the club and international levels is that international friendlies mostly take place during club league seasons, not between them. This has on occasion led to disagreement between national associations and clubs as to the availability of players, who could become injured or fatigued in a friendly.

Q1: What do friendlies help international teams prepare for?
A1: the qualifying or final stages of major tournaments
Q2: Which type of team lacks time to prepare for tournaments?
A2: national squads
Q3: What do international leagues' friendlies happen in the middle of?
A3: club league seasons
Q4: What concern has caused national associations and clubs to disagree about friendlies?
A4: availability of players, who could become injured or fatigued
International friendlies give team managers the opportunity to experiment with team selection and tactics before the tournament proper, and also allow them to assess the abilities of players they may potentially select for the tournament squad. Players can be booked in international friendlies, and can be suspended from future international matches based on red cards or accumulated yellows in a specified period. Caps and goals scored also count towards a player's career records. In 2004, FIFA ruled that substitutions by a team be limited to six per match in international friendlies, in response to criticism that such matches were becoming increasingly farcical with managers making as many as 11 substitutions per match.

Q1: What do friendlies allow managers to experiment with?
A1: team selection and tactics
Q2: What can happen to players who get red or yellow cards in friendlies?
A2: suspended from future international matches
Q3: What kind of record do players' goals in friendlies count for?
A3: career
Q4: When did FIFA decide to limit substitutions in international friendlies?
A4: 2004
Q5: What absurd number of substitutions had some international teams been making in friendlies before 2004?
A5: 11
In the UK and Ireland, "exhibition match" and "friendly match" refer to two different types of matches. The types described above as friendlies are not termed exhibition matches, while annual all-star matches such as those held in the US Major League Soccer or Japan's Japanese League are called exhibition matches rather than friendly matches. A one-off match for charitable fundraising, usually involving one or two all-star teams, or a match held in honor of a player for contribution to his/her club, may also be described as exhibition matches but they are normally referred to as charity matches and testimonial matches respectively.

Q1: Where are "exhibition match" and "friendly match" not synonymous?
A1: the UK and Ireland
Q2: What are two examples of leagues holding all-star exhibition matches?
A2: US Major League Soccer or Japan's Japanese League
Q3: What are 'friendlies' for charity usually called in the UK?
A3: charity matches
Q4: What are 'friendlies' to honor a player usually called in the UK?
A4: testimonial matches
Under the 1995–2004 National Hockey League collective bargaining agreement, teams were limited to nine preseason games. From 1975 to 1991, NHL teams sometimes played exhibition games against teams from the Soviet Union in the Super Series, and in 1978, played against World Hockey Association teams also in preseason training. Like the NFL, the NHL sometimes schedules exhibition games for cities without their own NHL teams, often at a club's minor league affiliate (e.g. Carolina Hurricanes games at Time Warner Cable Arena in Charlotte, home of their AHL affiliate; Los Angeles Kings games at Citizens Business Bank Arena in Ontario, California, home of their ECHL affiliate; Montreal Canadiens games at Colisée Pepsi in Quebec City, which has no pro hockey but used to have an NHL team until 1995; Washington Capitals at 1st Mariner Arena in the Baltimore Hockey Classic; various Western Canada teams at Credit Union Centre in Saskatoon, a potential NHL expansion venue). Since the 2000s, some preseason games have been played in Europe against European teams, as part of the NHL Challenge and NHL Premiere series. In addition to the standard preseason, there also exist prospect tournaments such as the Vancouver Canucks' YoungStars tournament and the Detroit Red Wings' training camp, in which NHL teams' younger prospects face off against each other under their parent club's banner.

Q1: When did the NFL limit teams to 9 preseason games?
A1: 1995–2004
Q2: What country's teams did US teams sometimes play exhibition games against in the 1980s?
A2: Soviet Union
Q3: In what year did the NHL play against World Hockey Association teams?
A3: 1978
Q4: Where is Time Warner Cable Arena?
A4: Charlotte
Q5: What hockey arena is in Ontario, California?
A5: Citizens Business Bank Arena
The Flying Fathers, a Canadian group of Catholic priests, regularly toured North America playing exhibition hockey games for charity. One of the organization's founders, Les Costello, was a onetime NHL player who was ordained as a priest after retiring from professional hockey. Another prominent exhibition hockey team is the Buffalo Sabres Alumni Hockey Team, which is composed almost entirely of retired NHL players, the majority of whom (as the name suggests) played at least a portion of their career for the Buffalo Sabres.

Q1: What nationality is the Flying Fathers team?
A1: Canadian
Q2: What religion is the Flying Fathers team?
A2: Catholic
Q3: Who founded the Flying Fathers?
A3: Les Costello
Q4: What league were most members of the Buffalo Sabres Alumni Hockey Team from?
A4: NHL
Q5: Where are the Saores based?
A5: Buffalo
The Major League Baseball's preseason is also known as spring training. All MLB teams maintain a spring-training base in Arizona or Florida. The teams in Arizona make up the Cactus League, while the teams in Florida play in the Grapefruit League. Each team plays about 30 preseason games against other MLB teams. They may also play exhibitions against a local college team or a minor-league team from their farm system. Some days feature the team playing two games with two different rosters evenly divided up, which are known as "split-squad" games.

Q1: Which states do MLB teams do spring training in?
A1: Arizona or Florida
Q2: What is the MLB preseason league in Arizona called?
A2: Cactus League
Q3: What is the MLB preseason league in Florida called?
A3: Grapefruit League
Q4: How many preseason games does each MLB team play?
A4: about 30
Q5: What is it called when an MLB team plays two preseason games in one day with different rosters?
A5: "split-squad" games
Several MLB teams used to play regular exhibition games during the year against nearby teams in the other major league, but regular-season interleague play has made such games unnecessary. The two Canadian MLB teams, the Toronto Blue Jays of the American League and the Montreal Expos of the National League, met annually to play the Pearson Cup exhibition game; this tradition ended when the Expos moved to Washington DC for the 2005 season. Similarly, the New York Yankees played in the Mayor's Trophy Game against various local rivals from 1946 to 1983.

Q1: What development has made it unnecessary for MLB teams to play exhibition games with teams from other leagues?
A1: regular-season interleague play
Q2: What league are the Toronto Bluejays in?
A2: American League
Q3: What league are the Montreal Expos in?
A3: National League
Q4: What game do the Bluejays play against the Expos?
A4: the Pearson Cup
Q5: When did the Mayor's Trophy Game end?
A5: 1983
It also used to be commonplace to have a team play an exhibition against Minor League affiliates during the regular season, but worries of injuries to players, along with travel issues, have made this very rare. Exhibitions between inter-city teams in different leagues, like Chicago's Crosstown Classic and New York's Subway Series which used to be played solely as exhibitions for bragging rights are now blended into interleague play. The annual MLB All-Star Game, played in July between players from AL teams and players from NL teams, was long considered an exhibition match, but as of 2003 this status was questioned because the league whose team wins the All-Star game has been awarded home field advantage for the upcoming World Series.

Q1: What concerns have reduced Minor League exhibition games?
A1: worries of injuries to players, along with travel issues
Q2: What inter-city exhibition game did Chicago have?
A2: Crosstown Classic
Q3: What inter-city exhibition game did New York have?
A3: Subway Series
Q4: In what month is the MLB All-Star Game held?
A4: July
Q5: What did the MLB All-Star winning team gain in the World Series?
A5: home field advantage
National Basketball Association teams play eight preseason games per year. Today, NBA teams almost always play each other in the preseason, but mainly at neutral sites within their market areas in order to allow those who can't usually make a trip to a home team's arena during the regular season to see a game close to home; for instance the Minnesota Timberwolves will play games in arenas in North Dakota and South Dakota, while the Phoenix Suns schedule one exhibition game outdoors at Indian Wells Tennis Garden in Indian Wells, California yearly, the only such instance an NBA game takes place in an outdoor venue.

Q1: How many preseason games do NBA teams play?
A1: eight
Q2: Where are the TImberwolves based?
A2: Minnesota
Q3: Where are the Suns based?
A3: Phoenix
Q4: The Suns' exhibition game in Indian Wells, CA is the only time an NBA game is played in what setting?
A4: an outdoor venue
Q5: What venue do the Suns play at in Indian Wells?
A5: Indian Wells Tennis Garden
However, from 1971 to 1975, NBA teams played preseason exhibitions against American Basketball Association teams. In the early days of the NBA, league clubs sometimes challenged the legendary barnstorming Harlem Globetrotters, with mixed success. The NBA has played preseason games in Europe and Asia. In the 2006 and 2007 seasons, the NBA and the primary European club competition, the Euroleague, conducted a preseason tournament featuring two NBA teams and the finalists from that year's Euroleague.[citation needed] In the 1998-99 and 2011-12 seasons, teams were limited to only two preseason games due to lockouts.

Q1: When did the NBA play preseason games against the ABA?
A1: 1971 to 1975
Q2: What legendary team did the NBA sometimes formerly play against?
A2: Harlem Globetrotters
Q3: On what continents have NBA teams played preseason games outside the US?
A3: Europe and Asia
Q4: How many preseason games were NBA teams limited to in the 2011-12 season?
A4: two
Q5: What is the main European basketball club?
A5: the Euroleague