romikgosai/squad_modified_2 huggingface dataset:
A diverse range of indigenous cultures exist in Myanmar, the majority culture is primarily Buddhist and Bamar. Bamar culture has been influenced by the cultures of neighbouring countries. This is manifested in its language, cuisine, music, dance and theatre. The arts, particularly literature, have historically been influenced by the local form of Theravada Buddhism. Considered the national epic of Myanmar, the Yama Zatdaw, an adaptation of India's Ramayana, has been influenced greatly by Thai, Mon, and Indian versions of the play. Buddhism is practised along with nat worship, which involves elaborate rituals to propitiate one from a pantheon of 37 nats.

Q1: What are the pervasive culture that is sanctioned in Burma ?
A1: the majority culture is primarily Buddhist and Bamar.
Q2: Have these cultures developed on there own over time ?
A2: Bamar culture has been influenced by the cultures of neighbouring countries
Q3: What type of effect did Theravada Buddhism.have on Bamar?
A3: The arts, particularly literature, have historically been influenced by the local form of Theravada Buddhism
Q4: What is the connection between an insect that has devotional following and Buddhism ?
A4: Buddhism is practised along with nat worship, which involves elaborate rituals to propitiate one from a pantheon of 37 nats.
In a traditional village, the monastery is the centre of cultural life. Monks are venerated and supported by the lay people. A novitiation ceremony called shinbyu is the most important coming of age events for a boy, during which he enters the monastery for a short time. All male children in Buddhist families are encouraged to be a novice (beginner for Buddhism) before the age of twenty and to be a monk after the age of twenty. Girls have ear-piercing ceremonies (နားသ) at the same time. Burmese culture is most evident in villages where local festivals are held throughout the year, the most important being the pagoda festival. Many villages have a guardian nat, and superstition and taboos are commonplace.

Q1: Customarily where is the expected place in the lives of the people for the home of monks in Burma ?
A1: In a traditional village, the monastery is the centre of cultural life.
Q2: What event is exceedingly relevant for young males that involves monks in Burma ?
A2: A novitiation ceremony called shinbyu
Q3: What do girls of the village get in comparison the the young male event ?
A3: Girls have ear-piercing ceremonies (နားသ) at the same time.
Q4: What is the biggest celebration held in local events in Burma ?
A4: the most important being the pagoda festival
Q5: What do many villages have that protects them in times of imminent or impending danger ?
A5: Many villages have a guardian nat
British colonial rule introduced Western elements of culture to Burma. Burma's education system is modelled after that of the United Kingdom. Colonial architectural influences are most evident in major cities such as Yangon. Many ethnic minorities, particularly the Karen in the southeast and the Kachin and Chin who populate the north and northeast, practice Christianity. According to the The World Factbook, the Burman population is 68% and the ethnic groups constitute 32%. However, the exiled leaders and organisations claims that ethnic population is 40%, which is implicitly contrasted with CIA report (official US report).

Q1: What evidence of previous rule is evident in the buildings in Burma ?
A1: Colonial architectural influences are most evident in major cities
Q2: What part of the Burmese population is considered not a part of the mainstream group?
A2: ethnic groups constitute 32%
Q3: Do opinions differ on the numbers for that population is considered not a part of the mainstream
A3: exiled leaders and organisations claims that ethnic population is 40%, which is implicitly contrasted with CIA report (official US report).
Q4: What is the name of the group that reported the information regarding the populace in Burma ?
A4: The World Factbook
Mohinga is the traditional breakfast dish and is Myanmar's national dish. Seafood is a common ingredient in coastal cities such as Sittwe, Kyaukpyu, Mawlamyaing (formerly Moulmein), Mergui (Myeik) and Dawei, while meat and poultry are more commonly used in landlocked cities like Mandalay. Freshwater fish and shrimp have been incorporated into inland cooking as a primary source of protein and are used in a variety of ways, fresh, salted whole or filleted, salted and dried, made into a salty paste, or fermented sour and pressed.

Q1: What is the time-honored dish served for the morning meal in Burma ?
A1: Mohinga is the traditional breakfast dish
Q2: What is most commonly enjoyed to eat along the coast of Myanmar ?
A2: Seafood is a common ingredient in coastal cities
Q3: Where is the most chicken enjoyed in Burma ?
A3: landlocked cities
Q4: What is considered as an alternative to tofu for the valuable ingredient it holds for those not living near water in BUrma?
A4: Freshwater fish and shrimp have been incorporated into inland cooking as a primary source of protein
Q5: What are popular ways that fish are used in Burma ?
A5: fresh, salted whole or filleted, salted and dried, made into a salty paste, or fermented sour and pressed.
Myanmar's first film was a documentary of the funeral of Tun Shein — a leading politician of the 1910s, who campaigned for Burmese independence in London. The first Burmese silent film Myitta Ne Thuya (Love and Liquor) in 1920 which proved a major success, despite its poor quality due to a fixed camera position and inadequate film accessories. During the 1920s and 1930s, many Burmese-owned film companies made and produced several films. The first Burmese sound film was produced in 1932 in Bombay, India with the title Ngwe Pay Lo Ma Ya (Money Can't Buy It). After World War II, Burmese cinema continued to address political themes. Many of the films produced in the early Cold War era had a strong propaganda element to them.

Q1: What was the first motion picture about someone's life filmed in Myanmar ?
A1: Myanmar's first film was a documentary of the funeral of Tun Shein
Q2: Why was this film relevant enough to be the first ?
A2: Tun Shein — a leading politician of the 1910s, who campaigned for Burmese independence in London.
Q3: Before the advent of talking pictures, what was the name of the first movie in Myanmar and when was it 's debut ?
A3: first Burmese silent film Myitta Ne Thuya (Love and Liquor) in 1920
Q4: Following the end of the second World War, what was a still a popular theme among films makers in Burma ?
A4: After World War II, Burmese cinema continued to address political themes
Q5: Where any of the Burmese films ever used as an instrument to influence the people ?
A5: Many of the films produced in the early Cold War era had a strong propaganda element to them.
Jews originated as a national and religious group in the Middle East during the second millennium BCE, in the part of the Levant known as the Land of Israel. The Merneptah Stele appears to confirm the existence of a people of Israel, associated with the god El, somewhere in Canaan as far back as the 13th century BCE. The Israelites, as an outgrowth of the Canaanite population, consolidated their hold with the emergence of the Kingdom of Israel, and the Kingdom of Judah. Some consider that these Canaanite sedentary Israelites melded with incoming nomadic groups known as 'Hebrews'. Though few sources in the Bible mention the exilic periods in detail, the experience of diaspora life, from the Ancient Egyptian rule over the Levant, to Assyrian Captivity and Exile, to Babylonian Captivity and Exile, to Seleucid Imperial rule, to the Roman occupation, and the historical relations between Israelites and the homeland, became a major feature of Jewish history, identity and memory.

Q1: Which group originated as a national and religious group in the Middle East during the second millennium BCE, in the part of the Levant known as the Land of Israel?
A1: Jews
Q2: Who consolidated their hold with the emergence of the Kingdom of Israel, and the kingdom of Judah?
A2: Israelites
Q3: What were incoming nomadic groups known as?
A3: Hebrews
Q4: When did Jews originate as a national and religious group in the Middle East?
A4: during the second millennium BCE, in the part of the Levant known as the Land of Israel
Q5: What appears to confirm the existence of a people of Israel?
A5: The Merneptah Stele
According to a report published in 2014, about 43% of all Jews reside in Israel (6.1 million), and 40% in the United States (5.7 million), with most of the remainder living in Europe (1.4 million) and Canada (0.4 million). These numbers include all those who self-identified as Jews in a socio-demographic study or were identified as such by a respondent in the same household. The exact world Jewish population, however, is difficult to measure. In addition to issues with census methodology, disputes among proponents of halakhic, secular, political, and ancestral identification factors regarding who is a Jew may affect the figure considerably depending on the source.

Q1: What percentage of Jews reside in Israel?
A1: 43%
Q2: What percentage of Jews reside in the U.S.?
A2: 40%
Q3: How many Jews live in Europe?
A3: 1.4 million
Q4: How many Jews live in Canada?
A4: 0.4 million
Q5: What is one reason the world population of Jews difficult to determine?
A5: issues with census methodology
The etymological equivalent is in use in other languages, e.g., يَهُودِيّ yahūdī (sg.), al-yahūd (pl.), and بَنُو اِسرَائِيل banū isrāʼīl in Arabic, "Jude" in German, "judeu" in Portuguese, "juif" in French, "jøde" in Danish and Norwegian, "judío" in Spanish, "jood" in Dutch, etc., but derivations of the word "Hebrew" are also in use to describe a Jew, e.g., in Italian (Ebreo), in Persian ("Ebri/Ebrani" (Persian: عبری/عبرانی‎‎)) and Russian (Еврей, Yevrey). The German word "Jude" is pronounced [ˈjuːdə], the corresponding adjective "jüdisch" [ˈjyːdɪʃ] (Jewish) is the origin of the word "Yiddish". (See Jewish ethnonyms for a full overview.)

Q1: What is the origin of the word Yiddish?
A1: Jude
Q2: What is another word to describe a Jew?
A2: Ebreo
Q3: What is a Russian word used to describe a Jew?
A3: Еврей, Yevrey
Q4: Ebreo is an Italian word derivation of what word?
A4: Hebrew
According to the Hebrew Bible narrative, Jewish ancestry is traced back to the Biblical patriarchs such as Abraham, Isaac and Jacob, and the Biblical matriarchs Sarah, Rebecca, Leah, and Rachel, who lived in Canaan around the 18th century BCE. Jacob and his family migrated to Ancient Egypt after being invited to live with Jacob's son Joseph by the Pharaoh himself. The patriarchs' descendants were later enslaved until the Exodus led by Moses, traditionally dated to the 13th century BCE, after which the Israelites conquered Canaan.[citation needed]

Q1: Name one person that Jewish ancestry traced back to?
A1: Abraham
Q2: Where did Jacob and his family migrate to?
A2: Ancient Egypt
Q3: Who led the Exodus?
A3: Moses
Q4: Who was Jacob's son?
A4: Joseph
Q5: Who was Joseph's father?
A5: Jacob
Modern archaeology has largely discarded the historicity of the Patriarchs and of the Exodus story, with it being reframed as constituting the Israelites' inspiring national myth narrative. The Israelites and their culture, according to the modern archaeological account, did not overtake the region by force, but instead branched out of the Canaanite peoples and culture through the development of a distinct monolatristic — and later monotheistic — religion centered on Yahweh, one of the Ancient Canaanite deities. The growth of Yahweh-centric belief, along with a number of cultic practices, gradually gave rise to a distinct Israelite ethnic group, setting them apart from other Canaanites. The Canaanites themselves are archeologically attested in the Middle Bronze Age, while the Hebrew language is the last extant member of the Canaanite languages. In the Iron Age I period (1200–1000 BCE) Israelite culture was largely Canaanite in nature.

Q1: Which culture was largely Canaanite in nature?
A1: Israelite
Q2: What is one of the Ancient Canaanite deities?
A2: Yahweh
Q3: The period of time from 1200 to 1000 BCE is known as what?
A3: Iron Age
Although the Israelites were divided into Twelve Tribes, the Jews (being one offshoot of the Israelites, another being the Samaritans) are traditionally said to descend mostly from the Israelite tribes of Judah (from where the Jews derive their ethnonym) and Benjamin, and partially from the tribe of Levi, who had together formed the ancient Kingdom of Judah, and the remnants of the northern Kingdom of Israel who migrated to the Kingdom of Judah and assimilated after the 720s BCE, when the Kingdom of Israel was conquered by the Neo-Assyrian Empire.

Q1: What group was divided into Twelve Tribes?
A1: Israelites
Q2: When was the Kingdom of Israel conquered by the Neo-Assyrian Empire?
A2: after the 720s BCE
Q3: From where do the Jews derive their ethonynm?
A3: Israelite tribes of Judah
Israelites enjoyed political independence twice in ancient history, first during the periods of the Biblical judges followed by the United Monarchy.[disputed – discuss] After the fall of the United Monarchy the land was divided into Israel and Judah. The term Jew originated from the Roman "Judean" and denoted someone from the southern kingdom of Judah. The shift of ethnonym from "Israelites" to "Jews" (inhabitant of Judah), although not contained in the Torah, is made explicit in the Book of Esther (4th century BCE), a book in the Ketuvim, the third section of the Jewish Tanakh. In 587 BC Nebuchadnezzar II, King of the Neo-Babylonian Empire, besieged Jerusalem, destroyed the First Temple, and deported the most prominent citizens of Judah. In 586 BC, Judah itself ceased to be an independent kingdom, and its remaining Jews were left stateless. The Babylonian exile ended in 539 BCE when the Achaemenid Empire conquered Babylon and Cyrus the Great allowed the exiled Jews to return to Yehud and rebuild their Temple. The Second Temple was completed in 515 BCE. Yehud province was a peaceful part of the Achaemenid Empire until the fall of the Empire in c. 333 BCE to Alexander the Great. Jews were also politically independent during the Hasmonean dynasty spanning from 140 to 37 BCE and to some degree under the Herodian dynasty from 37 BCE to 6 CE. Since the destruction of the Second Temple in 70 CE, most Jews have lived in diaspora. As an ethnic minority in every country in which they live (except Israel), they have frequently experienced persecution throughout history, resulting in a population that has fluctuated both in numbers and distribution over the centuries.[citation needed]

Q1: How many times did Israelites have political independence in ancient history?
A1: twice
Q2: From where did the term Jews originate?
A2: Roman "Judean
Q3: When was land divided into Israel and Judah?
A3: After the fall of the United Monarchy
Q4: Inhabitants of Judah are known as what?
A4: Jews
Q5: When did the Babylonian exile end?
A5: 539 BCE
Genetic studies on Jews show that most Jews worldwide bear a common genetic heritage which originates in the Middle East, and that they bear their strongest resemblance to the peoples of the Fertile Crescent. The genetic composition of different Jewish groups shows that Jews share a common genetic pool dating back 4,000 years, as a marker of their common ancestral origin. Despite their long-term separation and beside their shared genetic origin, Jews also maintained a common culture, tradition, and language.

Q1: Genetic studies show that Jews bear their strongest resemblance to the peoples of where?
A1: Fertile Crescent
Q2: How far back does the Jews' shared common genetic pool date?
A2: 4,000 years
Q3: Most Jews share a common genetic heritage that originates from what place?
A3: Middle East
The Hebrew Bible, a religious interpretation of the traditions and early national history of the Jews, established the first of the Abrahamic religions, which are now practiced by 54% of the world. Judaism guides its adherents in both practice and belief, and has been called not only a religion, but also a "way of life," which has made drawing a clear distinction between Judaism, Jewish culture, and Jewish identity rather difficult. Throughout history, in eras and places as diverse as the ancient Hellenic world, in Europe before and after The Age of Enlightenment (see Haskalah), in Islamic Spain and Portugal, in North Africa and the Middle East, India, China, or the contemporary United States and Israel, cultural phenomena have developed that are in some sense characteristically Jewish without being at all specifically religious. Some factors in this come from within Judaism, others from the interaction of Jews or specific communities of Jews with their surroundings, others from the inner social and cultural dynamics of the community, as opposed to from the religion itself. This phenomenon has led to considerably different Jewish cultures unique to their own communities, each as authentically Jewish as the next.

Q1: What book is considered a religious interpretation of the traditions and early national history of the Jews?
A1: The Hebrew Bible
Q2: What religions are now practiced by 54% of the world?
A2: Abrahamic religions
Q3: What is the Hebrew Bible?
A3: a religious interpretation of the traditions and early national history of the Jews
Judaism shares some of the characteristics of a nation, an ethnicity, a religion, and a culture, making the definition of who is a Jew vary slightly depending on whether a religious or national approach to identity is used. Generally, in modern secular usage Jews include three groups: people who were born to a Jewish family regardless of whether or not they follow the religion, those who have some Jewish ancestral background or lineage (sometimes including those who do not have strictly matrilineal descent), and people without any Jewish ancestral background or lineage who have formally converted to Judaism and therefore are followers of the religion.

Q1: In modern secular usage Jews include how many groups?
A1: three
Q2: What makes the definition of a Jew vary slightly?
A2: whether a religious or national approach to identity is used
Q3: Which religion shares some characteristics of a nation, an ethnicity, a religion and a culture?
A3: Judaism
Historical definitions of Jewish identity have traditionally been based on halakhic definitions of matrilineal descent, and halakhic conversions. Historical definitions of who is a Jew date back to the codification of the Oral Torah into the Babylonian Talmud, around 200 CE. Interpretations of sections of the Tanakh, such as Deuteronomy 7:1–5, by Jewish sages, are used as a warning against intermarriage between Jews and Canaanites because "[the non-Jewish husband] will cause your child to turn away from Me and they will worship the gods (i.e., idols) of others." Leviticus 24:10 says that the son in a marriage between a Hebrew woman and an Egyptian man is "of the community of Israel." This is complemented by Ezra 10:2–3, where Israelites returning from Babylon vow to put aside their gentile wives and their children. Since the anti-religious Haskalah movement of the late 18th and 19th centuries, halakhic interpretations of Jewish identity have been challenged.

Q1: What have historical definitions of Jewish identity been based on?
A1: halakhic definitions of matrilineal descent, and halakhic conversions
Q2: Historical definitions of who a Jew is dates back to what year?
A2: 200 CE
Q3: What is used as a warning against intermarriage between Jews and Canaanites?
A3: Jewish sages
According to historian Shaye J. D. Cohen, the status of the offspring of mixed marriages was determined patrilineally in the Bible. He brings two likely explanations for the change in Mishnaic times: first, the Mishnah may have been applying the same logic to mixed marriages as it had applied to other mixtures (Kil'ayim). Thus, a mixed marriage is forbidden as is the union of a horse and a donkey, and in both unions the offspring are judged matrilineally. Second, the Tannaim may have been influenced by Roman law, which dictated that when a parent could not contract a legal marriage, offspring would follow the mother.

Q1: Who believed the status of the offspring of mixed marriages was determined patrilineally in the Bible?
A1: Shaye J. D. Cohen
Q2: What dictated that when a parent could not contract a legal marriage, offspring would follow the mother?
A2: Roman law
Q3: What is one explanation for the change in Mishnaic times?
A3: the Mishnah may have been applying the same logic to mixed marriages as it had applied to other mixtures
By the 1st century, Babylonia, to which Jews migrated to after the Babylonian conquest as well as after the Bar Kokhba revolt in 135 CE, already held a speedily growing population of an estimated 1,000,000 Jews, which increased to an estimated 2 million  between the years 200 CE – 500 CE, both by natural growth and by immigration of more Jews from the Land of Israel, making up about 1/6 of the world Jewish population at that era. At times conversion has accounted for a part of Jewish population growth. Some have claimed that in the 1st century of the Christian era, for example, the population more than doubled, from four to 8–10 million within the confines of the Roman Empire, in good part as a result of a wave of conversion.

Q1: Where did Jews migrate to after the Babylonian conquest?
A1: Babylonia
Q2: Between what years did Jews increase to an estimated 2 million?
A2: 200 CE – 500 CE
Q3: Name one thing that has accounted for Jewish population growth?
A3: conversion
Other historians believe that conversion during the Roman era was limited in number and did not account for much of the Jewish population growth, due to various factors such as the illegality of male conversion to Judaism in the Roman world from the mid-2nd century. Another factor that would have made conversion difficult in the Roman world was the halakhic requirement of circumcision, a requirement that proselytizing Christianity quickly dropped. The Fiscus Judaicus, a tax imposed on Jews in 70 CE and relaxed to exclude Christians in 96 CE, also limited Judaism's appeal. In addition, historians argue the very figure (4 million) that had been guessed to account for the population of Jews in the ancient Roman Empire is an error that has long been disproven and thus the assumption that conversion impacted Jewish population growth in ancient Rome on a large scale is false. The 8 million figure is also in doubt as it may refer to a census of total Roman citizens.

Q1: What is a tax imposed on Jews in 70 CE?
A1: The Fiscus Judaicus
Q2: When did the FIscus Judaicus relax to exclude Christians?
A2: 96 CE
Q3: Name one reason historians believe the conversion during the Roman era was limited in number and did not account for much of the Jewish population growth?
A3: illegality of male conversion to Judaism
Within the world's Jewish population there are distinct ethnic divisions, most of which are primarily the result of geographic branching from an originating Israelite population, and subsequent independent evolutions. An array of Jewish communities was established by Jewish settlers in various places around the Old World, often at great distances from one another, resulting in effective and often long-term isolation. During the millennia of the Jewish diaspora the communities would develop under the influence of their local environments: political, cultural, natural, and populational. Today, manifestations of these differences among the Jews can be observed in Jewish cultural expressions of each community, including Jewish linguistic diversity, culinary preferences, liturgical practices, religious interpretations, as well as degrees and sources of genetic admixture.

Q1: What resulted in effective and long-term isolation of Jewish communities?
A1: An array of Jewish communities was established by Jewish settlers in various places around the Old World, often at great distances from one another
Q2: Name one way Jewish cultural expressions differ in each community?
A2: religious interpretations
Q3: Name another way Jewish cultural expressions differ in each community?
A3: culinary preferences