romikgosai/squad_modified_2 huggingface dataset:
Chopin's relations with Sand were soured in 1846 by problems involving her daughter Solange and Solange's fiancé, the young fortune-hunting sculptor Auguste Clésinger. The composer frequently took Solange's side in quarrels with her mother; he also faced jealousy from Sand's son Maurice. Chopin was utterly indifferent to Sand's radical political pursuits, while Sand looked on his society friends with disdain. As the composer's illness progressed, Sand had become less of a lover and more of a nurse to Chopin, whom she called her "third child". In letters to third parties, she vented her impatience, referring to him as a "child," a "little angel", a "sufferer" and a "beloved little corpse." In 1847 Sand published her novel Lucrezia Floriani, whose main characters—a rich actress and a prince in weak health—could be interpreted as Sand and Chopin; the story was uncomplimentary to Chopin, who could not have missed the allusions as he helped Sand correct the printer's galleys. In 1847 he did not visit Nohant, and he quietly ended their ten-year relationship following an angry correspondence which, in Sand's words, made "a strange conclusion to nine years of exclusive friendship." The two would never meet again.

Q1: What was the name of Sand's daughter's fiance that contributed to deteriorating the relationship between Sand and Chopin?
A1: Auguste Clésinger
Q2: What was the interest Sand had that Chopin showed apathy towards?
A2: radical political pursuits
Q3: What did Sand begin referring to Chopin as as his illness got worse?
A3: third child
Q4: What was the name of Sand's novel she published in reference to her situation with Chopin?
A4: Lucrezia Floriani
Q5: In what year did Chopin and Sand ultimately bring their relationship to a close?
A5: 1847
Q6: When did Chopin's relationship with Sand start to deteriorate?
A6: 1846
Q7: Whom did Sand's daughter Solange become engaged to?
A7: Auguste Clésinger
Q8: What novel did Sand write in 1847?
A8: Lucrezia Floriani
Q9: Who was the fortune hunter engaged to Sand's daughter?
A9: Auguste Clésinger.
Q10: What role did Sand take on as her relationship with Chopin progressed?
A10: nurse
Q11: What was the name of Sand's book where the main characters can be interpreted as Sand and Chopin?
A11: Lucrezia Floriani
Q12: When did Chopin end his relationship with Sand?
A12: 1847
Chopin's output as a composer throughout this period declined in quantity year by year. Whereas in 1841 he had written a dozen works, only six were written in 1842 and six shorter pieces in 1843. In 1844 he wrote only the Op. 58 sonata. 1845 saw the completion of three mazurkas (Op. 59). Although these works were more refined than many of his earlier compositions, Zamoyski opines that "his powers of concentration were failing and his inspiration was beset by anguish, both emotional and intellectual."

Q1: What was the name of the single piece of work he wrote in 1844?
A1: Op. 58 sonata
Q2: What can be said of these works compared to his work in other years even though the quantity was less?
A2: more refined than many of his earlier compositions
Q3: How many pieces did Chopin write in 1841?
A3: a dozen
Q4: How many pieces did Chopin compose in 1842?
A4: six
Q5: What piece did Chopin compose in 1844?
A5: Op. 58 sonata
Q6: How many works did Chopin write in 1842?
A6: six
Q7: How many works did Chopin write in 1843?
A7: six shorter pieces
Q8: How many works did Chopin write in 1845?
A8: three mazurkas
Chopin's public popularity as a virtuoso began to wane, as did the number of his pupils, and this, together with the political strife and instability of the time, caused him to struggle financially. In February 1848, with the cellist Auguste Franchomme, he gave his last Paris concert, which included three movements of the Cello Sonata Op. 65.

Q1: In what month and year did Chopin give his final performance?
A1: February 1848
Q2: With whom did Chopin perform his final concert?
A2: Auguste Franchomme
Q3: When did Chopin last perform?
A3: February 1848
Q4: Who did Chopin last perform with?
A4: Auguste Franchomme
Q5: Plitical strife, popularity decline, instability of era and fewer students caused Chopin to what?
A5: struggle financially.
Q6: Who did Chopin have at his last Parisian concert in 1848?
A6: Auguste Franchomme
Q7: What instrument did Auguste Franchomme play?
A7: Cello
Chopin's life was covered in a BBC TV documentary Chopin – The Women Behind The Music (2010), and in a 2010 documentary realised by Angelo Bozzolini and Roberto Prosseda for Italian television.

Q1: What television station made a documentary on Chopin?
A1: BBC
Q2: What two people created a documentary on Chopin for Italian tv?
A2: Angelo Bozzolini and Roberto Prosseda
Q3: What was the title of the documentary the BBC released?
A3: The Women Behind The Music
Q4: What television station released a documentary on Chopin?
A4: BBC
Q5: What was the name of the documentary released by the BBC?
A5: Chopin – The Women Behind The Music
Q6: What are the names of the two people that created a documentary for Italian tele vision?
A6: Angelo Bozzolini and Roberto Prosseda
Q7: Who did a work for Italian television about Chopin's life?
A7: Angelo Bozzolini and Roberto Prosseda
Chopin's life and his relations with George Sand have been fictionalized in numerous films. The 1945 biographical film A Song to Remember earned Cornel Wilde an Academy Award nomination as Best Actor for his portrayal of the composer. Other film treatments have included: La valse de l'adieu (France, 1928) by Henry Roussel, with Pierre Blanchar as Chopin; Impromptu (1991), starring Hugh Grant as Chopin; La note bleue (1991); and Chopin: Desire for Love (2002).

Q1: What was the name of the 1945 movie released about Chopin?
A1: A Song to Remember
Q2: What is the name of the actor who received and Oscar nomination for his role as Chopin?
A2: Cornel Wilde
Q3: What year was  La valse de l'adieu released?
A3: 1928
Q4: Who starred as Chopin in Impromptu?
A4: Hugh Grant
Q5: Chopins relations with whom have been fictionalized in movies?
A5: George Sand
Q6: What 1945 film was a fictionalized accounting of the relationship between Chopin and Sand?
A6: A Song to Remember
Q7: Who portrayed Chopin in A Song to Remember?
A7: Cornel Wilde
Q8: Who portrayed Chopin in the 1928 film, La valse de l'adieu?
A8: Pierre Blanchar
Q9: Who portrayed Chopin in the 1991 film, Impromptu?
A9: Hugh Grant
Possibly the first venture into fictional treatments of Chopin's life was a fanciful operatic version of some of its events. Chopin was written by Giacomo Orefice and produced in Milan in 1901. All the music is derived from that of Chopin.

Q1: When was the first fictionalized account of Chopin's life?
A1: 1901
Q2: Where was the first fictionalized account of Chopin's life created?
A2: Milan
Q3: Who is responsible for the first fictionalized account of Chopin's life?
A3: Giacomo Orefice
Q4: What is thought to be the first fictionalized work about Chopin?
A4: Chopin
Q5: What style is the fictionalized "Chopin" in?
A5: opera
Q6: Who wrote the fictionalized "Chopin?"
A6: Giacomo Orefice
Q7: When was the fictionalized "Chopin" produced?
A7: 1901.
Q8: Where was the fictionalized "Chopin" produced?
A8: Milan
Chopin has figured extensively in Polish literature, both in serious critical studies of his life and music and in fictional treatments. The earliest manifestation was probably an 1830 sonnet on Chopin by Leon Ulrich. French writers on Chopin (apart from Sand) have included Marcel Proust and André Gide; and he has also featured in works of Gottfried Benn and Boris Pasternak. There are numerous biographies of Chopin in English (see bibliography for some of these).

Q1: An 1830 sonnet was written about Chopin by what man?
A1: Leon Ulrich
Q2: Aside from George Sands what two French authors have written about Chopin?
A2: Marcel Proust and André Gide
Q3: Leon Ulrich wrote about Chopin in what format?
A3: sonnet
Q4: What is the earliest sighting of Chopin in Polish Literature?
A4: sonnet on Chopin by Leon Ulrich
Q5: When did Ulrich do his sonnet on Chopin?
A5: 1830
Q6: In addition to Polish and French, what other language has numerous biogrpahies of Chopin?
A6: English
Numerous recordings of Chopin's works are available. On the occasion of the composer's bicentenary, the critics of The New York Times recommended performances by the following contemporary pianists (among many others): Martha Argerich, Vladimir Ashkenazy, Emanuel Ax, Evgeny Kissin, Murray Perahia, Maurizio Pollini and Krystian Zimerman. The Warsaw Chopin Society organizes the Grand prix du disque de F. Chopin for notable Chopin recordings, held every five years.

Q1: The Warsaw Chopin Society holds the Grand prix du disque de F. Chopin how often?
A1: every five years.
Q2: What is the name of the event that The Warsaw Chopin Society holds?
A2: Grand prix du disque de F. Chopin
Q3: On Chopin's 200th anniversary critics of what publication made recommendations on recordings of Chopin's work?
A3: The New York Times
Q4: Who organizes the Grand prix du disque de F. Chopin for notable Chopin recordings?
A4: The Warsaw Chopin Society
Q5: How often is the Grand prix du disque de F. Chopin for notable Chopin recordings held?
A5: every five years.
Q6: Upon Chopin's bicentenary, who recommended a list of who should perform Chopin?
A6: The New York Times
The British Library notes that "Chopin's works have been recorded by all the great pianists of the recording era." The earliest recording was an 1895 performance by Paul Pabst of the Nocturne in E major Op. 62 No. 2. The British Library site makes available a number of historic recordings, including some by Alfred Cortot, Ignaz Friedman, Vladimir Horowitz, Benno Moiseiwitsch, Paderewski, Arthur Rubinstein, Xaver Scharwenka and many others. A select discography of recordings of Chopin works by pianists representing the various pedagogic traditions stemming from Chopin is given by Methuen-Campbell in his work tracing the lineage and character of those traditions.

Q1: What year was the earliest Chopin recording created?
A1: 1895
Q2: What is the title of the earliest known recording of Chopin's work?
A2: Nocturne in E major Op. 62 No. 2
Q3: Who played the earlier known recording of Chopin's work?
A3: Paul Pabst
Q4: What has stated that every pianist in the recording era has used Chopin's music?
A4: The British Library
Q5: When did Pabst record his Chopin performance?
A5: 1895
Q6: Who has given a discography of pianists' representation of Chopin's pedagogic style?
A6: Methuen-Campbell
Chopin's music remains very popular and is regularly performed, recorded and broadcast worldwide. The world's oldest monographic music competition, the International Chopin Piano Competition, founded in 1927, is held every five years in Warsaw. The Fryderyk Chopin Institute of Poland lists on its website over eighty societies world-wide devoted to the composer and his music. The Institute site also lists nearly 1,500 performances of Chopin works on YouTube as of January 2014.

Q1: What is the name of the oldest music essay competition?
A1: International Chopin Piano Competition
Q2: What year was the International Chopin Piano Competition founded?
A2: 1927
Q3: Where is the International Chopin Piano Competition held?
A3: Warsaw
Q4: How often is the International Chopin Piano Competition held?
A4: every five years
Q5: The Fryderyk Chopin Institute of Poland includes approximately how many recordings of Chopin's work from Youtube?
A5: 1,500
Q6: What is the world's oldest monographic music competition?
A6: the International Chopin Piano Competition
Q7: When was the International Chopin Piano Competition established?
A7: 1927
Q8: There are over 80 societies throughout the world that have been established because of Chopin and his music according to who?
A8: The Fryderyk Chopin Institute of Poland
Q9: How many known works of Chopin's music were on YouTube up to the beginning of 2014?
A9: nearly 1,500
Chopin's music was used in the 1909 ballet Chopiniana, choreographed by Michel Fokine and orchestrated by Alexander Glazunov. Sergei Diaghilev commissioned additional orchestrations—from Stravinsky, Anatoly Lyadov, Sergei Taneyev and Nikolai Tcherepnin—for later productions, which used the title Les Sylphides.

Q1: What is the name of the ballet that included Chopin's work?
A1: Chopiniana
Q2: Who choreographed a ballet which included Chopin's work?
A2: Michel Fokine
Q3: Chopiniana later went by a different name, what is that name?
A3: Les Sylphides
Q4: Who orchestrated Chopiniana?
A4: Alexander Glazunov
Q5: What year was the Chopiniana released?
A5: 1909
Q6: Which 1909 ballet used Chopin's music?
A6: Chopiniana
Q7: Who choreographed Chopiniana?
A7: Michel Fokine
Q8: Who orchestrated Chopiniana?
A8: Alexander Glazunov.
Q9: Sergei Diaghilev obtained additional orchestrations for subsequent productions, using which title?
A9: Les Sylphides.
In April, during the Revolution of 1848 in Paris, he left for London, where he performed at several concerts and at numerous receptions in great houses. This tour was suggested to him by his Scottish pupil Jane Stirling and her elder sister. Stirling also made all the logistical arrangements and provided much of the necessary funding.

Q1: Where did Chopin head to during the Revolution of 1848?
A1: London
Q2: Who provided the majority of funds for his concert tour in London?
A2: Jane Stirling
Q3: Where did Chopin go in the spring of 1848?
A3: London
Q4: What two people suggested the 1848 tour?
A4: Jane Stirling and her elder sister
Q5: Who paid for most of the 1848 music tour of Chopin?
A5: Jane Stirling
Q6: What was happening in April 1848 in Paris?
A6: Revolution
Q7: What was Jane Stirling's national heritage?
A7: Scottish
In London Chopin took lodgings at Dover Street, where the firm of Broadwood provided him with a grand piano. At his first engagement, on 15 May at Stafford House, the audience included Queen Victoria and Prince Albert. The Prince, who was himself a talented musician, moved close to the keyboard to view Chopin's technique. Broadwood also arranged concerts for him; among those attending were Thackeray and the singer Jenny Lind. Chopin was also sought after for piano lessons, for which he charged the high fee of one guinea (£1.05 in present British currency) per hour, and for private recitals for which the fee was 20 guineas. At a concert on 7 July he shared the platform with Viardot, who sang arrangements of some of his mazurkas to Spanish texts.

Q1: Where did Chopin stay while in London?
A1: Dover Street
Q2: What company provided Chopin with a piano while in London?
A2: Broadwood
Q3: Where was Chopin's initial performance?
A3: Stafford House
Q4: What two notable guests were present during his premiere performance at Stafford House?
A4: Queen Victoria and Prince Albert
Q5: What date did he perform with Viardot?
A5: 7 July
Q6: What steet did Chopin stay on in London?
A6: Dover Street
Q7: What did Broadway provide for Chopin?
A7: a grand piano.
Q8: What two dignitaries where at his first performance in London?
A8: Queen Victoria and Prince Albert.
Q9: In addition to hearing him play, what else did people seek from Chopin in London?
A9: piano lessons
Q10: Who sang chopin arrangements on July 7 of the year Chopin was in London?
A10: Viardot
In late summer he was invited by Jane Stirling to visit Scotland, where he stayed at Calder House near Edinburgh and at Johnstone Castle in Renfrewshire, both owned by members of Stirling's family. She clearly had a notion of going beyond mere friendship, and Chopin was obliged to make it clear to her that this could not be so. He wrote at this time to Grzymała "My Scottish ladies are kind, but such bores", and responding to a rumour about his involvement, answered that he was "closer to the grave than the nuptial bed." He gave a public concert in Glasgow on 27 September, and another in Edinburgh, at the Hopetoun Rooms on Queen Street (now Erskine House) on 4 October. In late October 1848, while staying at 10 Warriston Crescent in Edinburgh with the Polish physician Adam Łyszczyński, he wrote out his last will and testament—"a kind of disposition to be made of my stuff in the future, if I should drop dead somewhere", he wrote to Grzymała.

Q1: Where did Jane Stirling invite Chopin?
A1: Scotland
Q2: What doctor was with Chopin when he wrote out his will?
A2: Adam Łyszczyński
Q3: Where was Chopin invited to in late summer?
A3: Scotland
Q4: What city did Chopin perform at on September 27?
A4: Glasgow
Q5: What did Chopin write while staying with Doctor Adam Łyszczyński?
A5: will
Chopin made his last public appearance on a concert platform at London's Guildhall on 16 November 1848, when, in a final patriotic gesture, he played for the benefit of Polish refugees. By this time he was very seriously ill, weighing under 99 pounds (i.e. less than 45 kg), and his doctors were aware that his sickness was at a terminal stage.

Q1: When did Chopin last appear in public?
A1: 16 November 1848
Q2: Where was Chopin's last public performance?
A2: Guildhall
Q3: Who were the beneficiaries of his last public concert?
A3: Polish refugees.
Q4: What was the diagnosis of Chopin's health condition at this time?
A4: terminal
Q5: Where was Chopin's last public performance?
A5: London's Guildhall
At the end of November, Chopin returned to Paris. He passed the winter in unremitting illness, but gave occasional lessons and was visited by friends, including Delacroix and Franchomme. Occasionally he played, or accompanied the singing of Delfina Potocka, for his friends. During the summer of 1849, his friends found him an apartment in Chaillot, out of the centre of the city, for which the rent was secretly subsidised by an admirer, Princess Obreskoff. Here in June 1849 he was visited by Jenny Lind.

Q1: Who did Chopin play for while she sang?
A1: Delfina Potocka
Q2: In 1849 where did Chopin live?
A2: Chaillot
Q3: Who was anonymously paying for Chopin's apartment?
A3: Princess Obreskoff
Q4: When did Chopin return to Paris?
A4: November
Q5: Chopin accompanied which singer for friends?
A5: Delfina Potocka
Q6: Where did his friends found Chopin an apartment in 1849?
A6: Chaillot
Q7: Who paid for Chopin's apartment in Chaillot?
A7: Princess Obreskoff.
Q8: When did Jenny Lind visit Chopin?
A8: June 1849
With his health further deteriorating, Chopin desired to have a family member with him. In June 1849 his sister Ludwika came to Paris with her husband and daughter, and in September, supported by a loan from Jane Stirling, he took an apartment at Place Vendôme 12. After 15 October, when his condition took a marked turn for the worse, only a handful of his closest friends remained with him, although Viardot remarked sardonically that "all the grand Parisian ladies considered it de rigueur to faint in his room."

Q1: When did his sister come to stay with Chopin?
A1: June 1849
Q2: In September 1849 where did Chopin take up residence?
A2: Place Vendôme 12
Q3: Which family member came to Paris in June 1849?
A3: his sister
Q4: Who accompanied Chopin's sister to Paris?
A4: her husband and daughter
Q5: Who gave Chopin a loan in September for an apartment?
A5: Jane Stirling
Q6: What did Parisian ladies consider proper etiquette when in Chopin's room?
A6: to faint
Some of his friends provided music at his request; among them, Potocka sang and Franchomme played the cello. Chopin requested that his body be opened after death (for fear of being buried alive) and his heart returned to Warsaw where it rests at the Church of the Holy Cross. He also bequeathed his unfinished notes on a piano tuition method, Projet de méthode, to Alkan for completion. On 17 October, after midnight, the physician leaned over him and asked whether he was suffering greatly. "No longer", he replied. He died a few minutes before two o'clock in the morning. Those present at the deathbed appear to have included his sister Ludwika, Princess Marcelina Czartoryska, Sand's daughter Solange, and his close friend Thomas Albrecht. Later that morning, Solange's husband Clésinger made Chopin's death mask and a cast of his left hand.

Q1: Why did Chopin request being cut open after his death?
A1: fear of being buried alive
Q2: What did Chopin reply to the doctor when asked is he was suffering?
A2: "No longer"
Q3: Who made Chopin's death mask?
A3: Clésinger
Q4: Why did Chopin want his body opened when he died?
A4: fear of being buried alive
Q5: What did Solange's husband make hours after Chopin's death along with his death mask?
A5: a cast of his left hand.
Chopin's disease and the cause of his death have since been a matter of discussion. His death certificate gave the cause as tuberculosis, and his physician, Jean Cruveilhier, was then the leading French authority on this disease. Other possibilities have been advanced including cystic fibrosis, cirrhosis and alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency. However, the attribution of tuberculosis as principal cause of death has not been disproved. Permission for DNA testing, which could put the matter to rest, has been denied by the Polish government.

Q1: What is listed as Chopin's official cause of death?
A1: tuberculosis
Q2: What was the name of Chopin's doctor?
A2: Jean Cruveilhier
Q3: What has the Polish government not allowed to find true cause of death?
A3: DNA testing
Q4: What was the cause of death on Chopin's death certificate?
A4: tuberculosis
Q5: Who was Chopin's physician?
A5: Jean Cruveilhier
Q6: Other possiblities for Chopin's death include cirrhosis, alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency, and what?
A6: cystic fibrosis
Q7: Who has denied testing Chopin's DNA to determine the actual cause of death?
A7: the Polish government.
The funeral, held at the Church of the Madeleine in Paris, was delayed almost two weeks, until 30 October. Entrance was restricted to ticket holders as many people were expected to attend. Over 3,000 people arrived without invitations, from as far as London, Berlin and Vienna, and were excluded.

Q1: Where was Chopin's funeral held?
A1: Church of the Madeleine
Q2: How long was Chopin's funeral delayed?
A2: two weeks
Q3: How many people arrived for Chopin's funeral?
A3: Over 3,000
Q4: Where was Chopin's funeral held?
A4: the Church of the Madeleine in Paris
Q5: How long was Chopin's funeral delayed?
A5: two weeks
Q6: How many people arrived without an invitation?
A6: Over 3,000
Mozart's Requiem was sung at the funeral; the soloists were the soprano Jeanne-Anais Castellan, the mezzo-soprano Pauline Viardot, the tenor Alexis Dupont, and the bass Luigi Lablache; Chopin's Preludes No. 4 in E minor and No. 6 in B minor were also played. The organist at the funeral was Louis Lefébure-Wély. The funeral procession to Père Lachaise Cemetery, which included Chopin's sister Ludwika, was led by the aged Prince Adam Czartoryski. The pallbearers included Delacroix, Franchomme, and Camille Pleyel. At the graveside, the Funeral March from Chopin's Piano Sonata No. 2 was played, in Reber's instrumentation.

Q1: What song was sung at Chopin's funeral?
A1: Mozart's Requiem
Q2: Who was the organist at Chopin's funeral?
A2: Louis Lefébure-Wély
Q3: Who led Chopin's funeral procession?
A3: Prince Adam Czartoryski
Q4: What was played at his graveside?
A4: Funeral March from Chopin's Piano Sonata No. 2
Q5: What Mozart song was sung at Chopin's funeral?
A5: Mozart's Requiem
Q6: Who was the organist for Chopin's funeral?
A6: Louis Lefébure-Wély
Q7: Which cemetery was Chopin buried in?
A7: Père Lachaise Cemetery
Q8: Who led the funeral procession?
A8: Prince Adam Czartoryski
Q9: What was played at Chopin's graveside?
A9: the Funeral March from Chopin's Piano Sonata No. 2