romikgosai/squad_modified_2 huggingface dataset:
South Africa occupied the colony in 1915 after defeating the German force during World War I and administered it from 1919 onward as a League of Nations mandate territory. Although the South African government desired to incorporate 'South-West Africa' into its territory, it never officially did so, although it was administered as the de facto 'fifth province', with the white minority having representation in the whites-only Parliament of South Africa, as well as electing their own local administration the SWA Legislative Assembly. The South African government also appointed the SWA administrator, who had extensive powers. Following the League's replacement by the United Nations in 1946, South Africa refused to surrender its earlier mandate to be replaced by a United Nations Trusteeship agreement, requiring closer international monitoring of the territory's administration (along with a definite independence schedule). The Herero Chief's Council submitted a number of petitions to the UN calling for it to grant Namibia independence during the 1950s. During the 1960s, when European powers granted independence to their colonies and trust territories in Africa, pressure mounted on South Africa to do so in Namibia. In 1966 the International Court of Justice dismissed a complaint brought by Ethiopia and Liberia against South Africa's continued presence in the territory, but the U.N. General Assembly subsequently revoked South Africa's mandate, while in 1971 the International Court of Justice issued an "advisory opinion" declaring South Africa's continued administration to be illegal.

Q1: When did South Africa refuse to surrender Namibia?
A1: 1946
Q2: When did South Africa occupy Namibia?
A2: 1915
Q3: Which council submitted petitions for Namibia's independence?
A3: Herero Chief's Council
Q4: When was the League replaced by the United Nations?
A4: 1946
Q5: When did European powers grant independence to their colonies in Africa?
A5: 1960s
In response to the 1966 ruling by the International Court of Justice, South-West Africa People's Organisation (SWAPO) military wing, People's Liberation Army of Namibia, a guerrilla group began their armed struggle for independence, but it was not until 1988 that South Africa agreed to end its occupation of Namibia, in accordance with a UN peace plan for the entire region. During the South African occupation of Namibia, white commercial farmers, most of whom came as settlers from South Africa and represented 0.2% of the national population, owned 74% of the arable land. Outside the central-southern area of Namibia (known as the "Police Zone" since the German era and which contained the main towns, industries, mines and best arable land), the country was divided into "homelands", the version of South African bantustan applied to Namibia, although only a few were actually established because indigenous Namibians often did not cooperate.

Q1: Which guerrilla group fought for Namibia's independence?
A1: People's Liberation Army of Namibia
Q2: When did a guerrilla group fight for Namibia's independence?
A2: 1966
Q3: When did South Africa end occupation of Namibia?
A3: 1988
Q4: Why did South Africa end occupation in Namibia?
A4: UN peace plan
Q5: What is the central-southern area of Namibia known as?
A5: Police Zone
South West Africa became known as Namibia by the UN when the General Assembly changed the territory's name by Resolution 2372 (XXII) of 12 June 1968. In 1978 the UN Security Council passed UN Resolution 435 which planned a transition toward independence for Namibia. Attempts to persuade South Africa to agree to the plan's implementation were not successful until 1988 when the transition to independence finally started under a diplomatic agreement between South Africa, Angola and Cuba, with the USSR and the USA as observers, under which South Africa agreed to withdraw and demobilise its forces in Namibia. As a result, Cuba agreed to pull back its troops in southern Angola sent to support the MPLA in its war for control of Angola with UNITA.

Q1: What was Namibia previously called?
A1: South West Africa
Q2: What date did Namibia get it's official name?
A2: 12 June 1968
Q3: What was the resolution that granted Namibia it's name?
A3: Resolution 2372 (XXII)
Q4: How long did it take for South Africa to agree to the implantation of Namibia's new name?
A4: 1988
Q5: The diplomatic agreement between South Africa, Angola, and Cuba was observed by the USSR and what other country?
A5: USA
A combined UN civilian and peace-keeping force called UNTAG (United Nations Transition Assistance Group) under Finnish diplomat Martti Ahtisaari was deployed from April 1989 to March 1990 to monitor the peace process, elections and supervise military withdrawals. As UNTAG began to deploy peacekeepers, military observers, police, and political workers, hostilities were briefly renewed on the day the transition process was supposed to begin. After a new round of negotiations, a second date was set and the elections process began in earnest. After the return of SWAPO exiles (over 46,000 exiles), Namibia's first one-person one-vote elections for the constitutional assembly took place in November 1989. The official election slogan was "Free and Fair Elections". This was won by SWAPO although it did not gain the two-thirds majority it had hoped for; the South African-backed Democratic Turnhalle Alliance (DTA) became the official opposition. The elections were peaceful and declared free and fair.

Q1: What does UNTAG stand for?
A1: United Nations Transition Assistance Group
Q2: Who was the diplomat for UNTAG?
A2: Martti Ahtisaari
Q3: When was the diplomat for UNTAG deployed to supervise withdrawals from Namibia?
A3: April 1989 to March 1990
Q4: What nationality was the diplomat in UNTAG?
A4: Finnish
Q5: What was the official election slogan in the first Namibia election?
A5: Free and Fair Elections
The Namibian Constitution adopted in February 1990 incorporated protection for human rights, compensation for state expropriations of private property, an independent judiciary and an executive presidency (the constituent assembly became the national assembly). The country officially became independent on 21 March 1990. Sam Nujoma was sworn in as the first President of Namibia watched by Nelson Mandela (who had been released from prison the previous month) and representatives from 147 countries, including 20 heads of state. Walvis Bay was ceded to Namibia in 1994 upon the end of Apartheid in South Africa.[citation needed]

Q1: When was the Namibian Constitution adopted?
A1: February 1990
Q2: Who was the first President of Namibia?
A2: Sam Nujoma
Q3: When did the country of Namibia officially become a country?
A3: 21 March 1990
Q4: Who swore in the first President of Namibia?
A4: Nelson Mandela
Q5: What was ceded to Namibia in 1994?
A5: Walvis Bay
Since independence Namibia has successfully completed the transition from white minority apartheid rule to parliamentary democracy. Multiparty democracy was introduced and has been maintained, with local, regional and national elections held regularly. Several registered political parties are active and represented in the National Assembly, although the Swapo Party has won every election since independence. The transition from the 15-year rule of President Sam Nujoma to his successor Hifikepunye Pohamba in 2005 went smoothly.

Q1: What did Namibia transition to after white minority apartheid rule?
A1: parliamentary democracy
Q2: What type of independence was introduced in Namibia after independence?
A2: Multiparty democracy
Q3: What party has won every election in Namibia?
A3: Swapo Party
Q4: Who succeeded Sam Nujoma?
A4: Hifikepunye Pohamba
Q5: How long did president Same Nujoma rule?
A5: 15-year
The Kalahari Desert, an arid region shared with South Africa and Botswana, is one of Namibia's well-known geographical features. The Kalahari, while popularly known as a desert, has a variety of localised environments, including some verdant and technically non-desert areas. One of these, known as the Succulent Karoo, is home to over 5,000 species of plants, nearly half of them endemic; Approximately 10 percent of the world's succulents are found in the Karoo. The reason behind this high productivity and endemism may be the relatively stable nature of precipitation.

Q1: What Desert is shared between South Africa and Botswana?
A1: Kalahari Desert
Q2: How many plants species are found in Succulent Karoo?
A2: 5,000
Q3: How many plants are endemic to the Succulent Karoo?
A3: half
Q4: How many of the worlds succulents are found in Karoo?
A4: 10 percent
Q5: What is probably the reason there are so many unique plants in Karoo?
A5: stable nature of precipitation
Namibia extends from 17°S to 25°S: climatically the range of the sub-Tropical High Pressure Belt, arid is the overall climate description descending from the Sub-Humid (mean rain above 500 mm) through Semi-Arid between 300 and 500 mm (embracing most of the waterless Kalahari) and Arid from 150 to 300 mm (these three regions are inland from the western escarpment) to the Hyper-Arid coastal plain with less than a 100 mm mean. Temperature maxima are limited by the overall elevation of the entire region: only in the far south, Warmbad for instance, are mid-40 °C maxima recorded.

Q1: What is the climate range for Namibia?
A1: 17°S to 25°S
Q2: What is the overall climate description for Namibia?
A2: arid
Q3: What is the mean rain above in Namibia?
A3: 500 mm
Q4: What is the semi-arid measurements in Namibia?
A4: 300 and 500 mm
Q5: What is the arid measurement in Namibia?
A5: 150 to 300 mm
Typically the sub-Tropical High Pressure Belt, with frequent clear skies, provides more than 300 days of sunshine per year. It is situated at the southern edge of the tropics; the Tropic of Capricorn cuts the country about in half. The winter (June – August) is generally dry, both rainy seasons occur in summer, the small rainy season between September and November, the big one between February and April. Humidity is low, and average rainfall varies from almost zero in the coastal desert to more than 600 mm in the Caprivi Strip. Rainfall is however highly variable, and droughts are common. The last[update] bad rainy season with rainfall far below the annual average occurred in summer 2006/07.

Q1: What is the typical amount of sunshine days in Tropical high pressure belt?
A1: 300 days
Q2: What feature cuts Namibia in half?
A2: the Tropic of Capricorn
Q3: What is the winter in Namibia like?
A3: dry
Q4: When is the rainiest season in Namibia?
A4: between February and April
Q5: What is humidity like in Namibia?
A5: low
Weather and climate in the coastal area are dominated by the cold, north-flowing Benguela current of the Atlantic Ocean which accounts for very low precipitation (50 mm per year or less), frequent dense fog, and overall lower temperatures than in the rest of the country. In Winter, occasionally a condition known as Bergwind (German: Mountain breeze) or Oosweer (Afrikaans: East weather) occurs, a hot dry wind blowing from the inland to the coast. As the area behind the coast is a desert, these winds can develop into sand storms with sand deposits in the Atlantic Ocean visible on satellite images.

Q1: What current dominates the coastal area of Namibia?
A1: Benguela
Q2: What direction does the current in the coastal area flow?
A2: north
Q3: Which ocean is on the coastal area of Namibia?
A3: Atlantic
Q4: What is the condition that happens in winter in Namibia?
A4: Bergwind
Q5: What do hot dry winds blowing inland to the coast create?
A5: sand storms
Namibia is the driest country in sub-Saharan Africa and depends largely on groundwater. With an average rainfall of about 350 mm per annum, the highest rainfall occurs in the Caprivi in the northeast (about 600 mm per annum) and decreases in a westerly and southwesterly direction to as little as 50 mm and less per annum at the coast. The only perennial rivers are found on the national borders with South Africa, Angola, Zambia, and the short border with Botswana in the Caprivi. In the interior of the country surface water is available only in the summer months when rivers are in flood after exceptional rainfalls. Otherwise, surface water is restricted to a few large storage dams retaining and damming up these seasonal floods and their runoff. Thus, where people don’t live near perennial rivers or make use of the storage dams, they are dependent on groundwater. The advantage of using groundwater sources is that even isolated communities and those economic activities located far from good surface water sources such as mining, agriculture, and tourism can be supplied from groundwater over nearly 80% of the country.

Q1: What is the driest country in sub-Saharan Africa?
A1: Namibia
Q2: What is the average rainfall in Namibia?
A2: 350 mm per annum
Q3: Where does the highest rainfall occur in Namibia?
A3: Caprivi
Q4: How much of the country does dam water supply the rest of the country with?
A4: 80%
Namibia is one of few countries in the world to specifically address conservation and protection of natural resources in its constitution. Article 95 states, "The State shall actively promote and maintain the welfare of the people by adopting international policies aimed at the following: maintenance of ecosystems, essential ecological processes, and biological diversity of Namibia, and utilisation of living natural resources on a sustainable basis for the benefit of all Namibians, both present and future."

Q1: What does Namibia protect in it's constitution?
A1: natural resources
Q2: What article in the Namibia constitution supports natural conservation?
A2: Article 95
Q3: What do Namibians believe sustains them?
A3: utilisation of living natural resources
In 1993, the newly formed government of Namibia received funding from the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) through its Living in a Finite Environment (LIFE) Project. The Ministry of Environment and Tourism with the financial support from organisations such as USAID, Endangered Wildlife Trust, WWF, and Canadian Ambassador's Fund, together form a Community Based Natural Resource Management (CBNRM) support structure. The main goal of this project is promote sustainable natural resource management by giving local communities rights to wildlife management and tourism.

Q1: When did Namibia receive funding from USAID?
A1: 1993
Q2: What does LIFE project stand for?
A2: Living in a Finite Environment
Q3: What does CBNRM stand for?
A3: Community Based Natural Resource Management
Q4: What does USAID stands for?
A4: United States Agency for International Development
Namibia follows a largely independent foreign policy, with persisting affiliations with states that aided the independence struggle, including Cuba. With a small army and a fragile economy, the Namibian Government's principal foreign policy concern is developing strengthened ties within the Southern African region. A dynamic member of the Southern African Development Community, Namibia is a vocal advocate for greater regional integration. Namibia became the 160th member of the UN on 23 April 1990. On its independence it became the fiftieth member of the Commonwealth of Nations.

Q1: Who does Namibia have affiliation with in their foreign policy?
A1: states that aided the independence
Q2: What ties does Namibia want to strengthen?
A2: Southern African
Q3: Which number member is Namibia in the UN?
A3: 160th
Q4: When did Namibia join the UN?
A4: 23 April 1990
Q5: Which number member is Namibia in the Commonwealth of Nations?
A5: fiftieth
According to the Namibia Labour Force Survey Report 2012, conducted by the Namibia Statistics Agency, the country's unemployment rate is 27.4%. "Strict unemployment" (people actively seeking a full-time job) stood at 20.2% in 2000, 21.9% in 2004 and spiraled to 29.4% in 2008. Under a broader definition (including people that have given up searching for employment) unemployment rose to 36.7% in 2004. This estimate considers people in the informal economy as employed. Labour and Social Welfare Minister Immanuel Ngatjizeko praised the 2008 study as "by far superior in scope and quality to any that has been available previously", but its methodology has also received criticism.

Q1: What was the highest unemployment rate in Namibia?
A1: 36.7%
Q2: Who is the Labour and Social Welfare Minister?
A2: Immanuel Ngatjizeko
Q3: When was the lowest unemployment rate in Namibia?
A3: 20.2%
Q4: What is Namibian's unemployment rate?
A4: 27.4%
In 2013, global business and financial news provider, Bloomberg, named Namibia the top emerging market economy in Africa and the 13th best in the world. Only four African countries made the Top 20 Emerging Markets list in the March 2013 issue of Bloomberg Markets magazine, and Namibia was rated ahead of Morocco (19th), South Africa (15th) and Zambia (14th). Worldwide, Namibia also fared better than Hungary, Brazil and Mexico. Bloomberg Markets magazine ranked the top 20 based on more than a dozen criteria. The data came from Bloomberg's own financial-market statistics, IMF forecasts and the World Bank. The countries were also rated on areas of particular interest to foreign investors: the ease of doing business, the perceived level of corruption and economic freedom. In order to attract foreign investment, the government has made improvement in reducing red tape resulted from excessive government regulations making the country one of the least bureaucratic places to do business in the region. However, facilitation payments are occasionally demanded by customs due to cumbersome and costly customs procedures. Namibia is also classified as an Upper Middle Income country by the World Bank, and ranks 87th out of 185 economies in terms of ease of doing business.

Q1: What did Bloomberg name Namibia?
A1: top emerging market economy in Africa
Q2: What rank did Bloomberg name Namibia's economy?
A2: 13th best in the world
Q3: How many African countries made the list for top Emerging Markets?
A3: four
About half of the population depends on agriculture (largely subsistence agriculture) for its livelihood, but Namibia must still import some of its food. Although per capita GDP is five times the per capita GDP of Africa's poorest countries, the majority of Namibia's people live in rural areas and exist on a subsistence way of life. Namibia has one of the highest rates of income inequality in the world, due in part to the fact that there is an urban economy and a more rural cash-less economy. The inequality figures thus take into account people who do not actually rely on the formal economy for their survival. Although arable land accounts for only 1% of Namibia, nearly half of the population is employed in agriculture.

Q1: How much of the population depends on agriculture?
A1: half
Q2: How much more is the per capita GDP in Namibia compared to the rest of Africa's countries?
A2: five times
Q3: Namibia has one of the highest rates of what type of income problems in the world?
A3: inequality
Q4: Where does a majority of Namibia's people live?
A4: rural
Q5: How much of Namibia's land is arable?
A5: 1%
Providing 25% of Namibia's revenue, mining is the single most important contributor to the economy. Namibia is the fourth largest exporter of non-fuel minerals in Africa and the world's fourth largest producer of uranium. There has been significant investment in uranium mining and Namibia is set to become the largest exporter of uranium by 2015. Rich alluvial diamond deposits make Namibia a primary source for gem-quality diamonds. While Namibia is known predominantly for its gem diamond and uranium deposits, a number of other minerals are extracted industrially such as lead, tungsten, gold, tin, fluorspar, manganese, marble, copper and zinc. There are offshore gas deposits in the Atlantic Ocean that are planned to be extracted in the future. According to "The Diamond Investigation", a book about the global diamond market, from 1978, De Beers, the largest diamond company, bought most of the Namibian diamonds, and would continue to do so, because "whatever government eventually comes to power they will need this revenue to survive".

Q1: How much revenue does mining provide Namibia?
A1: 25%
Q2: Where does Namibia rank in the exportation of uranium?
A2: fourth
Q3: What does rich alluvial diamond deposits make Namibia a source of?
A3: gem-quality diamonds
Q4: Namibia was expected to become the largest exporter of what in 2015?
A4: uranium
There are many lodges and reserves to accommodate eco-tourists. Sport hunting is also a large, and growing component of the Namibian economy, accounting for 14% of total tourism in the year 2000, or $19.6 million US dollars, with Namibia boasting numerous species sought after by international sport hunters. In addition, extreme sports such as sandboarding, skydiving and 4x4ing have become popular, and many cities have companies that provide tours.[citation needed] The most visited places include the capital city of Windhoek, Caprivi Strip, Fish River Canyon, Sossusvlei, the Skeleton Coast Park, Sesriem, Etosha Pan and the coastal towns of Swakopmund, Walvis Bay and Lüderitz.

Q1: What accounts for almost 14% of total tourism in Namibia?
A1: Sport hunting
Q2: How much economic assistance does Namibia get from tourism from hunting?
A2: $19.6 million US dollars
Q3: What other types of sports are popular in Namibia?
A3: extreme sports
Q4: What is the most visited city in Namibia?
A4: Windhoek
Q5: What type of town is Swakopmund?
A5: coastal
The capital city of Windhoek plays a very important role in Namibia's tourism due to its central location and close proximity to Hosea Kutako International Airport. According to The Namibia Tourism Exit Survey, which was produced by the Millennium Challenge Corporation for the Namibian Directorate of Tourism, 56% of all tourists visiting Namibia during the time period, 2012 - 2013, visited Windhoek. Many of Namibia's tourism related parastatals and governing bodies such as Namibia Wildlife Resorts, Air Namibia and the Namibia Tourism Board as well as Namibia's tourism related trade associations such as the Hospitality Association of Namibia are also all headquartered in Windhoek. There are also a number of notable hotels in Windhoek such as Windhoek Country Club Resort and some international hotel chains also operate in Windhoek, such as Avani Hotels and Resorts and Hilton Hotels and Resorts.

Q1: What is the capital of Namibia?
A1: Windhoek
Q2: What is the airport in Namibia?
A2: Hosea Kutako International Airport
Q3: What is the most popular hotel in Windhoek?
A3: Windhoek Country Club Resort
Q4: Avani Hotels and resorts is a chain resort in Windhoek, what is another?
A4: Hilton Hotels and Resorts
Namibia's primary tourism related governing body, the Namibia Tourism Board (NTB), was established by an Act of Parliament: the Namibia Tourism Board Act, 2000 (Act 21 of 2000). Its primary objectives are to regulate the tourism industry and to market Namibia as a tourist destination. There are also a number of trade associations that represent the tourism sector in Namibia, such as the Federation of Namibia Tourism Associations (the umbrella body for all tourism associations in Namibia), the Hospitality Association of Namibia, the Association of Namibian Travel Agents, Car Rental Association of Namibia and the Tour and Safari Association of Namibia.

Q1: What does NTB stand for?
A1: Namibia Tourism Board
Q2: What is act 21 of 2000 in Namibia?
A2: Namibia Tourism Board Act, 2000
Q3: What does act 21 in Namibia regulate?
A3: tourism industry
Q4: What market does Act 21 promote?
A4: tourism