romikgosai/squad_modified_2 huggingface dataset:
Since 2009, the Tucson Festival of Books has been held annually over a two-day period in March at the University of Arizona. By 2010 it had become the fourth largest book festival in the United States, with 450 authors and 80,000 attendees. In addition to readings and lectures, it features a science fair, varied entertainment, food, and exhibitors ranging from local retailers and publishers to regional and national nonprofit organizations. In 2011, the Festival began presenting a Founder's Award; recipients include Elmore Leonard and R.L. Stine.

Q1: When did the Tucson Festival of Books begin?
A1: 2009
Q2: When is the Tucson Festival of Books held?
A2: a two-day period in March
Q3: How many people came to the Tucson Festival of Books in 2010?
A3: 80,000
Q4: What award did the Tucson Festival of Books give to R. L. Stine?
A4: Founder's Award
For the past 25 years, the Tucson Folk Festival has taken place the first Saturday and Sunday of May in downtown Tucson's El Presidio Park. In addition to nationally known headline acts each evening, the Festival highlights over 100 local and regional musicians on five stages is one of the largest free festivals in the country. All stages are within easy walking distance. Organized by the Tucson Kitchen Musicians Association, volunteers make this festival possible. KXCI 91.3-FM, Arizona's only community radio station, is a major partner, broadcasting from the Plaza Stage throughout the weekend. In addition, there are numerous workshops, events for children, sing-alongs, and a popular singer/songwriter contest. Musicians typically play 30-minute sets, supported by professional audio staff volunteers. A variety of food and crafts are available at the festival, as well as local micro-brews. All proceeds from sales go to fund future festivals.

Q1: When is the Tucson Folk Festival held?
A1: the first Saturday and Sunday of May
Q2: Where is the Tucson Folk Festival held?
A2: El Presidio Park
Q3: How many performers are in the Tucson Folk Festival?
A3: over 100
Q4: How much does the Tucson Folk Festival cost to get in?
A4: free
Q5: Who runs the Tucson Folk Festival?
A5: Tucson Kitchen Musicians Association
Another popular event held in February, which is early spring in Tucson, is the Fiesta de los Vaqueros, or rodeo week, founded by winter visitor, Leighton Kramer. While at its heart the Fiesta is a sporting event, it includes what is billed as "the world's largest non-mechanized parade". The Rodeo Parade is a popular event as most schools give two rodeo days off instead of Presidents Day. The exception to this is Presidio High (a non-public charter school), which doesn't get either. Western wear is seen throughout the city as corporate dress codes are cast aside during the Fiesta. The Fiesta de los Vaqueros marks the beginning of the rodeo season in the United States.

Q1: What season is February in Tucson?
A1: spring
Q2: What is the Fiesta de los Vaqueros?
A2: rodeo week
Q3: What month is the Fiesta de los Vaqueros held in?
A3: February
Q4: Who started the Fiesta de los Vaqueros?
A4: Leighton Kramer
Q5: How much time do Tucson schools give students off to attend the Fiesta de los Vaqueros?
A5: two rodeo days off
The Procession, held at sundown, consists of a non-motorized parade through downtown Tucson featuring many floats, sculptures, and memorials, in which the community is encouraged to participate. The parade is followed by performances on an outdoor stage, culminating in the burning of an urn in which written prayers have been collected from participants and spectators. The event is organized and funded by the non-profit arts organization Many Mouths One Stomach, with the assistance of many volunteers and donations from the public and local businesses.

Q1: What time of day is The Procession?
A1: sundown
Q2: What is burned at The Procession?
A2: an urn in which written prayers have been collected from participants and spectators
Q3: What group runs The Procession?
A3: Many Mouths One Stomach
Q4: What kind of group runs The Procession?
A4: non-profit arts organization
Q5: What kind of parade is The Procession?
A5: non-motorized
The accomplished and awarded writers (poets, novelists, dramatists, nonfiction writers) who have lived in Tucson include Edward Abbey, Erskine Caldwell, Barbara Kingsolver and David Foster Wallace. Some were associated with the University of Arizona, but many were independent writers who chose to make Tucson their home. The city is particularly active in publishing and presenting contemporary innovative poetry in various ways. Examples are the Chax Press, a publisher of poetry books in trade and book arts editions, and the University of Arizona Poetry Center, which has a sizable poetry library and presents readings, conferences, and workshops.

Q1: What famous writers have lived in Tucson?
A1: Edward Abbey, Erskine Caldwell, Barbara Kingsolver and David Foster Wallace
Q2: What is the Chax Press?
A2: a publisher of poetry books in trade and book arts editions
Q3: What does the University of Arizona Poetry Center offer?
A3: a sizable poetry library and presents readings, conferences, and workshops
Q4: What university were some of Tucson's famous writers associated with?
A4: University of Arizona
Tucson is commonly known as "The Old Pueblo". While the exact origin of this nickname is uncertain, it is commonly traced back to Mayor R. N. "Bob" Leatherwood. When rail service was established to the city on March 20, 1880, Leatherwood celebrated the fact by sending telegrams to various leaders, including the President of the United States and the Pope, announcing that the "ancient and honorable pueblo" of Tucson was now connected by rail to the outside world. The term became popular with newspaper writers who often abbreviated it as "A. and H. Pueblo". This in turn transformed into the current form of "The Old Pueblo".

Q1: Who is thought to have led to calling Tucson 'The Old Pueblo'?
A1: Mayor R. N. "Bob" Leatherwood
Q2: When did Tucson get a railroad?
A2: March 20, 1880
Q3: What did Leatherwood call Tucson in a telegram?
A3: "ancient and honorable pueblo"
Q4: How did newspapers abbreviate Leatherwood's phrase?
A4: "A. and H. Pueblo"
Q5: Who were among the recipients of Leatherwood's telegram?
A5: the President of the United States and the Pope
The University of Arizona Wildcats sports teams, most notably the men's basketball and women's softball teams have strong local interest. The men's basketball team, formerly coached by Hall of Fame head coach Lute Olson and currently coached by Sean Miller, has made 25 straight NCAA Tournaments and won the 1997 National Championship. Arizona's Softball team has reached the NCAA National Championship game 12 times and has won 8 times, most recently in 2007. The university's swim teams have gained international recognition, with swimmers coming from as far as Japan and Africa to train with the coach Frank Busch who has also worked with the U.S. Olympic swim team for a number of years. Both men and women's swim teams recently[when?] won the NCAA National Championships.

Q1: How many times has the University of Arizona men's basketball team won NCAA tournaments?
A1: 25
Q2: How many times has the University of Arizona women's softball team gone to NCAA National Championships?
A2: 12
Q3: How many times has the University of Arizona women's softball team won NCAA National Championships?
A3: 8
Q4: Who coaches the University of Arizona's swim team?
A4: Frank Busch
Q5: Who coaches the University of Arizona men's basketball team?
A5: Sean Miller
The Tucson Padres played at Kino Veterans Memorial Stadium from 2011 to 2013. They served as the AAA affiliate of the San Diego Padres. The team, formerly known as the Portland Beavers, was temporarily relocated to Tucson from Portland while awaiting the building of a new stadium in Escondido. Legal issues derailed the plans to build the Escondido stadium, so they moved to El Paso, Texas for the 2014 season. Previously, the Tucson Sidewinders, a triple-A affiliate of the Arizona Diamondbacks, won the Pacific Coast League championship and unofficial AAA championship in 2006. The Sidewinders played in Tucson Electric Park and were in the Pacific Conference South of the PCL. The Sidewinders were sold in 2007 and moved to Reno, Nevada after the 2008 season. They now compete as the Reno Aces.

Q1: Where did the Tucson Sidewinders move to?
A1: Reno, Nevada
Q2: What team played at Kino Veterans Memorial Stadium in 2011-2013?
A2: Tucson Padres
Q3: Why were the Tucson Padres temporarily in Tucson?
A3: awaiting the building of a new stadium in Escondido
Q4: Where did the Padres move when the Escondido stadium fell through?
A4: El Paso, Texas
Q5: What is the new name of the Tucson Sidewinders?
A5: Reno Aces
Tracks include Tucson Raceway Park and Rillito Downs. Tucson Raceway Park hosts NASCAR-sanctioned auto racing events and is one of only two asphalt short tracks in Arizona. Rillito Downs is an in-town destination on weekends in January and February each year. This historic track held the first organized quarter horse races in the world, and they are still racing there. The racetrack is threatened by development. The Moltacqua racetrack, was another historic horse racetrack located on what is now Sabino Canyon Road and Vactor Ranch Trail, but it no longer exists.

Q1: Where does Tucson hold NASCAR races?
A1: Tucson Raceway Park
Q2: What kind of races does Rillito Downs hold?
A2: quarter horse races
Q3: What former Tucson horse racetrack no longer exists?
A3: Moltacqua racetrack
Q4: What is on the former site of the Moltacqua track now?
A4: Sabino Canyon Road and Vactor Ranch Trail
Q5: How many asphalt short tracks are in Arizona?
A5: two
The League of American Bicyclists gave Tucson a gold rating for bicycle friendliness in late April 2007. Tucson hosts the largest perimeter cycling event in the United States. The ride called "El Tour de Tucson" happens in November on the Saturday before Thanksgiving. El Tour de Tucson produced and promoted by Perimeter Bicycling has as many as 10,000 participants from all over the world, annually. Tucson is one of only nine cities in the U.S. to receive a gold rating or higher for cycling friendliness from the League of American Bicyclists. The city is known for its winter cycling opportunities. Both road and mountain biking are popular in and around Tucson with trail areas including Starr Pass and Fantasy Island.

Q1: Who said Tucson is bicycle-friendly, in 2007?
A1: The League of American Bicyclists
Q2: When does El Tour de Tucson happen?
A2: in November on the Saturday before Thanksgiving
Q3: Who runs El Tour de Tucson?
A3: Perimeter Bicycling
Q4: How many people participate in El Tour de Tucson?
A4: as many as 10,000
Q5: How many US cities have at least a gold rating for bicycle-friendliness?
A5: nine
In general, Tucson and Pima County support the Democratic Party, as opposed the state's largest metropolitan area, Phoenix, which usually supports the Republican Party. Congressional redistricting in 2013, following the publication of the 2010 Census, divided the Tucson area into three Federal Congressional districts (the first, second and third of Arizona). The city center is in the 3rd District, represented by Raul Grijalva, a Democrat, since 2003, while the more affluent residential areas to the south and east are in the 2nd District, represented by Republican Martha McSally since 2015, and the exurbs north and west between Tucson and Phoenix in the 3rd District are represented by Democrat Ann Kirkpatrick since 2008. The United States Postal Service operates post offices in Tucson. The Tucson Main Post Office is located at 1501 South Cherrybell Stravenue.

Q1: Which political party does Tucson usually support?
A1: Democratic
Q2: Which political party does Phoenix usually support?
A2: Republican
Q3: How many Federal Congressional districts was Tucson split into in 2013?
A3: three
Q4: Who represents Tucson's city center in Congress?
A4: Raul Grijalva
Q5: Who represent's Tucson's wealthy areas in Congress?
A5: Martha McSally
Both the council members and the mayor serve four-year terms; none face term limits. Council members are nominated by their wards via a ward-level primary held in September. The top vote-earners from each party then compete at-large for their ward's seat on the November ballot. In other words, on election day the whole city votes on all the council races up for that year. Council elections are severed: Wards 1, 2, and 4 (as well as the mayor) are up for election in the same year (most recently 2011), while Wards 3, 5, and 6 share another year (most recently 2013).

Q1: When is Tucson's city council primary?
A1: September
Q2: How long are Tucson's city council terms?
A2: four-year
Q3: When is Tucson's city council general election?
A3: November
Q4: Which wards elect city council members in the same year as the mayor?
A4: 1, 2, and 4
Q5: Which wards elect city council members in the alternate year from the mayor?
A5: 3, 5, and 6
Tucson is known for being a trailblazer in voluntary partial publicly financed campaigns. Since 1985, both mayoral and council candidates have been eligible to receive matching public funds from the city. To become eligible, council candidates must receive 200 donations of $10 or more (300 for a mayoral candidate). Candidates must then agree to spending limits equal to 33¢ for every registered Tucson voter, or $79,222 in 2005 (the corresponding figures for mayor are 64¢ per registered voter, or $142,271 in 2003). In return, candidates receive matching funds from the city at a 1:1 ratio of public money to private donations. The only other limitation is that candidates may not exceed 75% of the limit by the date of the primary. Many cities, such as San Francisco and New York City, have copied this system, albeit with more complex spending and matching formulas.

Q1: When did Tucson begin offering city council candidates public funding?
A1: 1985
Q2: What is the spending limit for Tucson city council candidates to get public funding?
A2: 33¢ for every registered Tucson voter
Q3: What is the spending limit for Tucson mayoral candidates to get public funding?
A3: 64¢ per registered voter
Q4: What major cities later adopted Tucson's city council public funding system?
A4: San Francisco and New York City
Q5: How many $10+ donations must Tucson city council candidates receive to get public funding?
A5: 200
Tucson has one daily newspaper, the morning Arizona Daily Star. Wick Communications publishes the daily legal paper The Daily Territorial, while Boulder, Colo.-based 10/13 Communications publishes Tucson Weekly (an "alternative" publication), Inside Tucson Business and the Explorer. TucsonSentinel.com is a nonprofit independent online news organization. Tucson Lifestyle Magazine, Lovin' Life News, DesertLeaf, and Zócalo Magazine are monthly publications covering arts, architecture, decor, fashion, entertainment, business, history, and other events. The Arizona Daily Wildcat is the University of Arizona's student newspaper, and the Aztec News is the Pima Community College student newspaper. The New Vision is the newspaper for the Roman Catholic Diocese of Tucson, and the Arizona Jewish Post is the newspaper of the Jewish Federation of Southern Arizona.

Q1: What is Tucson's daily general newspaper?
A1: Arizona Daily Star
Q2: What is Tucson's daily legal paper?
A2: The Daily Territorial
Q3: Who publishes Tucson Weekly?
A3: 10/13 Communications
Q4: Where is 10/13 based?
A4: Boulder, Colo.
Q5: What is the University of Arizona's student newspaper?
A5: The Arizona Daily Wildcat
The Tucson metro area is served by many local television stations and is the 68th largest designated market area (DMA) in the U.S. with 433,310 homes (0.39% of the total U.S.). It is limited to the three counties of southeastern Arizona (Pima, Santa Cruz, and Cochise) The major television networks serving Tucson are: KVOA 4 (NBC), KGUN 9 (ABC), KMSB-TV 11 (Fox), KOLD-TV 13 (CBS), KTTU 18 (My Network TV) and KWBA 58 (The CW). KUAT-TV 6 is a PBS affiliate run by the University of Arizona (as is sister station KUAS 27).

Q1: What is Tucson's NBC station?
A1: KVOA 4
Q2: What is Tucson's ABC station?
A2: KGUN 9
Q3: What is Tucson's Fox station?
A3: KMSB-TV 11
Q4: What is Tucson's CBS station?
A4: KOLD-TV 13
Q5: What is Tucson's PBS station?
A5: KUAT-TV 6
Tucson's primary electrical power source is a coal and natural gas power-plant managed by Tucson Electric Power that is situated within the city limits on the south-western boundary of Davis-Monthan Air-force base adjacent to Interstate-10. The air pollution generated has raised some concerns as the Sundt operating station has been online since 1962 as is exempt from many pollution standards and controls due to its age. Solar has been gaining ground in Tucson with its ideal over 300 days of sunshine climate. Federal, state, and even local utility credits and incentives have also enticed residents to equip homes with solar systems. Davis-Monthan AFB has a 3.3 Megawatt (MW) ground-mounted solar photovoltaic (PV) array and a 2.7 MW rooftop-mounted PV array, both of which are located in the Base Housing area. The base will soon have the largest solar-generating capacity in the United States Department of Defense after awarding a contract on September 10, 2010, to SunEdison to construct a 14.5 MW PV field on the northwestern side of the base.

Q1: Who runs Tucson's main power plant?
A1: Tucson Electric Power
Q2: What highway is Tucson's main power plant near?
A2: Interstate-10
Q3: What does Tucson's main power plant use for fuel?
A3: coal and natural gas
Q4: When did Tucson's main power plant begin operation?
A4: 1962
Q5: How many days of sunshine does Tucson get each year?
A5: over 300
Perhaps the biggest sustainability problem in Tucson, with its high desert climate, is potable water supply. The state manages all water in Arizona through its Arizona Department of Water Resources (ADWR). The primary consumer of water is Agriculture (including golf courses), which consumes about 69% of all water. Municipal (which includes residential use) accounts for about 25% of use. Energy consumption and availability is another sustainability issue. However, with over 300 days of full sun a year, Tucson has demonstrated its potential to be an ideal solar energy producer.

Q1: How is most of Tucson's water used?
A1: Agriculture (including golf courses)
Q2: How much of Tucson's water is used on agriculture?
A2: 69%
Q3: How much of Tucson's water is used on residential/city use?
A3: 25%
Q4: How many days of full sun does Tucson get each year?
A4: over 300
Q5: What agency manages Tucson's water?
A5: Arizona Department of Water Resources
In an effort to conserve water, Tucson is recharging groundwater supplies by running part of its share of CAP water into various open portions of local rivers to seep into their aquifer. Additional study is scheduled to determine the amount of water that is lost through evaporation from the open areas, especially during the summer. The City of Tucson already provides reclaimed water to its inhabitants, but it is only used for "applications such as irrigation, dust control, and industrial uses." These resources have been in place for more than 27 years, and deliver to over 900 locations.

Q1: How is Tucson replenishing its groundwater?
A1: running part of its share of CAP water into various open portions of local rivers to seep into their aquifer
Q2: What does Tucson use reclaimed water for?
A2: irrigation, dust control, and industrial uses
Q3: How long has Tucson's water conservation efforts been underway?
A3: more than 27 years
To prevent further loss of groundwater, Tucson has been involved in water conservation and groundwater preservation efforts, shifting away from its reliance on a series of Tucson area wells in favor of conservation, consumption-based pricing for residential and commercial water use, and new wells in the more sustainable Avra Valley aquifer, northwest of the city. An allocation from the Central Arizona Project Aqueduct (CAP), which passes more than 300 mi (480 km) across the desert from the Colorado River, has been incorporated into the city's water supply, annually providing over 20 million gallons of "recharged" water which is pumped into the ground to replenish water pumped out. Since 2001, CAP water has allowed the city to remove or turn off over 80 wells.

Q1: What is the CAP?
A1: Central Arizona Project Aqueduct
Q2: How long is the CAP?
A2: more than 300 mi (480 km)
Q3: What water source feeds the CAP?
A3: Colorado River
Q4: What aquifer is Tucson starting new wells in?
A4: Avra Valley aquifer
Q5: How many wells has Tucson stopped using since 2001?
A5: over 80
Tucson's Sun Tran bus system serves greater Tucson with standard, express, regional shuttle, and on-demand shuttle bus service. It was awarded Best Transit System in 1988 and 2005. A 3.9-mile streetcar line, Sun Link, connects the University of Arizona campus with 4th Avenue, downtown, and the Mercado District west of Interstate 10 and the Santa Cruz River. Ten-minute headway passenger service began July 25, 2014. The streetcar utilizes Sun Tran's card payment and transfer system, connecting with the University of Arizona's CatTran shuttles, Amtrak, and Greyhound intercity bus service.

Q1: How long is the Sun Link?
A1: 3.9-mile
Q2: What is Tucson's bus system called?
A2: Sun Tran
Q3: What transit systems does Sun Link connect to?
A3: the University of Arizona's CatTran shuttles, Amtrak, and Greyhound intercity bus service
Q4: When did Tucson get a 'Best Transit System' award?
A4: 1988 and 2005
Q5: What kind of vehicles operate on the Sun Link?
A5: streetcar
Cycling is popular in Tucson due to its flat terrain and dry climate. Tucson and Pima County maintain an extensive network of marked bike routes, signal crossings, on-street bike lanes, mountain-biking trails, and dedicated shared-use paths. The Loop is a network of seven linear parks comprising over 100 mi (160 km) of paved, vehicle-free trails that encircles the majority of the city with links to Marana and Oro Valley. The Tucson-Pima County Bicycle Advisory Committee (TPCBAC) serves in an advisory capacity to local governments on issues relating to bicycle recreation, transportation, and safety. Tucson was awarded a gold rating for bicycle-friendliness by the League of American Bicyclists in 2006.

Q1: Why is cycling popular in Tucson?
A1: its flat terrain and dry climate
Q2: What is The Loop?
A2: a network of seven linear parks
Q3: How many miles of trails are in The Loop?
A3: over 100
Q4: What organization advises the Tucson government on bike concerns?
A4: Tucson-Pima County Bicycle Advisory Committee
Q5: What kind of places to ride bikes does Tucson have?
A5: marked bike routes, signal crossings, on-street bike lanes, mountain-biking trails, and dedicated shared-use paths
Armenia is a unitary, multi-party, democratic nation-state with an ancient cultural heritage. Urartu was established in 860 BC and by the 6th century BC it was replaced by the Satrapy of Armenia. In the 1st century BC the Kingdom of Armenia reached its height under Tigranes the Great. Armenia became the first state in the world to adopt Christianity as its official religion. In between the late 3rd century to early years of the 4th century, the state became the first Christian nation. The official date of state adoption of Christianity is 301 AD. The ancient Armenian kingdom was split between the Byzantine and Sasanian Empires around the early 5th century.

Q1: What kind of government does Armenia have?
A1: democratic
Q2: What religion did Armenia support?
A2: Christianity
Q3: Who brought Armenia to success in the 1st century BC?
A3: Tigranes the Great
Q4: What two empires did Armenia belong to in the beginning of the 5th century?
A4: Byzantine and Sasanian
Q5: When was Urartu created?
A5: 860 BC