romikgosai/squad_modified_2 huggingface dataset:
The Bronx has often shown striking differences from other boroughs in elections for Mayor. The only Republican to carry the Bronx since 1914 was Fiorello La Guardia in 1933, 1937 and 1941 (and in the latter two elections, only because his 30-32% vote on the American Labor Party line was added to 22-23% as a Republican). The Bronx was thus the only borough not carried by the successful Republican re-election campaigns of Mayors Rudolph Giuliani in 1997 and Michael Bloomberg in 2005. The anti-war Socialist campaign of Morris Hillquit in the 1917 mayoral election won over 31% of the Bronx's vote, putting him second and well ahead of the 20% won by the incumbent pro-war Fusion Mayor John P. Mitchel, who came in second (ahead of Hillquit) everywhere else and outpolled Hillquit city-wide by 23.2% to 21.7%.

Q1: Who was the only Republican Mayor candidate to win the Bronx since 1914?
A1: Fiorello La Guardia
Q2: Who did the Bronx vote against for mayor in 1997?
A2: Rudolph Giuliani
Q3: Who did the Bronx vote against for mayor in 2005?
A3: Michael Bloomberg
Q4: What party was Hillquit?
A4: Socialist
Q5: How much of the Bronx vote did Hillquit get in 1917?
A5: over 31%
Education in the Bronx is provided by a large number of public and private institutions, many of which draw students who live beyond the Bronx. The New York City Department of Education manages public noncharter schools in the borough. In 2000, public schools enrolled nearly 280,000 of the Bronx's residents over 3 years old (out of 333,100 enrolled in all pre-college schools). There are also several public charter schools. Private schools range from élite independent schools to religiously affiliated schools run by the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New York and Jewish organizations.

Q1: How many students attended the Bronx public noncharter schools as of 2000?
A1: nearly 280,000
Q2: How many students attended the Bronx public and private schools as of 2000?
A2: 333,100
Q3: Which religious organizations run private schools in the Bronx?
A3: the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New York and Jewish organizations
Q4: Which entity runs the Bronx's public noncharter schools?
A4: The New York City Department of Education
Educational attainment: In 2000, according to the U.S. Census, out of the nearly 800,000 people in the Bronx who were then at least 25 years old, 62.3% had graduated from high school and 14.6% held a bachelor's or higher college degree. These percentages were lower than those for New York's other boroughs, which ranged from 68.8% (Brooklyn) to 82.6% (Staten Island) for high school graduates over 24, and from 21.8% (Brooklyn) to 49.4% (Manhattan) for college graduates. (The respective state and national percentages were [NY] 79.1% & 27.4% and [US] 80.4% & 24.4%.)

Q1: What percent of the Bronx population has a high school diploma, as of 2000?
A1: 62.3%
Q2: What percent of the Bronx population has a university degree, as of 2000?
A2: 14.6%
Q3: What percent of the Brooklyn population has a high school diploma, as of 2000?
A3: 68.8%
Q4: What percent of the Staten Island population has a high school diploma, as of 2000?
A4: 82.6%
Q5: What percent of the Manhattan population has a university degree, as of 2000?
A5: 49.4%
Many public high schools are located in the borough including the elite Bronx High School of Science, Celia Cruz Bronx High School of Music, DeWitt Clinton High School, High School for Violin and Dance, Bronx Leadership Academy 2, Bronx International High School, the School for Excellence, the Morris Academy for Collaborative Study, Wings Academy for young adults, The Bronx School for Law, Government and Justice, Validus Preparatory Academy, The Eagle Academy For Young Men, Bronx Expeditionary Learning High School, Bronx Academy of Letters, Herbert H. Lehman High School and High School of American Studies. The Bronx is also home to three of New York City's most prestigious private, secular schools: Fieldston, Horace Mann, and Riverdale Country School.

Q1: Which of NYC's prestigious nonreligious private schools are in the Bronx?
A1: Fieldston, Horace Mann, and Riverdale Country School
Q2: Where is the Validus Prepatory Academy?
A2: The Bronx
Q3: Where is the High School for Violin and Dance?
A3: The Bronx
Q4: Where is the School for Excellence?
A4: The Bronx
Q5: Where is the DeWitt Clinton High School?
A5: The Bronx
In the 1990s, New York City began closing the large, public high schools in the Bronx and replacing them with small high schools. Among the reasons cited for the changes were poor graduation rates and concerns about safety. Schools that have been closed or reduced in size include John F. Kennedy, James Monroe, Taft, Theodore Roosevelt, Adlai Stevenson, Evander Childs, Christopher Columbus, Morris, Walton, and South Bronx High Schools. More recently the City has started phasing out large middle schools, also replacing them with smaller schools.

Q1: When did NYC begin splitting up the large Bronx high schools?
A1: 1990s
Q2: Which Bronx schools have been closed or made smaller?
A2: John F. Kennedy, James Monroe, Taft, Theodore Roosevelt, Adlai Stevenson, Evander Childs, Christopher Columbus, Morris, Walton, and South Bronx High Schools
Q3: What type of schools is NYC now working on shrinking?
A3: large middle schools
The Bronx's evolution from a hot bed of Latin jazz to an incubator of hip hop was the subject of an award-winning documentary, produced by City Lore and broadcast on PBS in 2006, "From Mambo to Hip Hop: A South Bronx Tale". Hip Hop first emerged in the South Bronx in the early 1970s. The New York Times has identified 1520 Sedgwick Avenue "an otherwise unremarkable high-rise just north of the Cross Bronx Expressway and hard along the Major Deegan Expressway" as a starting point, where DJ Kool Herc presided over parties in the community room.

Q1: When did a PBS documentary air about the Bronx's music history?
A1: 2006
Q2: What PBS documentary covered the Bronx's music history?
A2: "From Mambo to Hip Hop: A South Bronx Tale"
Q3: Where did DJ Kool Herc hold parties?
A3: 1520 Sedgwick Avenue
Q4: Who produced 'From Mambo To Hip Hop'?
A4: City Lore
Q5: Where is 1520 Sedgwick?
A5: just north of the Cross Bronx Expressway and hard along the Major Deegan Expressway
Beginning with the advent of beat match DJing, in which Bronx DJs (Disc Jockeys) including Grandmaster Flash, Afrika Bambaataa and DJ Kool Herc extended the breaks of funk records, a major new musical genre emerged that sought to isolate the percussion breaks of hit funk, disco and soul songs. As hip hop's popularity grew, performers began speaking ("rapping") in sync with the beats, and became known as MCs or emcees. The Herculoids, made up of Herc, Coke La Rock, and DJ Clark Kent, were the earliest to gain major fame. The Bronx is referred to in hip-hop slang as "The Boogie Down Bronx", or just "The Boogie Down". This was hip-hop pioneer KRS-One's inspiration for his thought provoking group BDP, or Boogie Down Productions, which included DJ Scott La Rock. Newer hip hop artists from the Bronx include Big Pun, Lord Toriq and Peter Gunz, Camp Lo, Swizz Beatz, Drag-On, Fat Joe, Terror Squad and Corey Gunz.

Q1: Who were the Herculoids?
A1: Herc, Coke La Rock, and DJ Clark Kent
Q2: What is 'The Boogie Down'?
A2: The Bronx
Q3: Where is Big Pun from?
A3: the Bronx
Q4: What types of music did hip hop emerge from?
A4: funk, disco and soul
Q5: Who started BDP?
A5: KRS-One
The Bronx is the home of the New York Yankees of Major League Baseball. The original Yankee Stadium opened in 1923 on 161st Street and River Avenue, a year that saw the Yankees bring home their first of 27 World Series Championships. With the famous facade, the short right field porch and Monument Park, Yankee Stadium has been home to many of baseball's greatest players including Babe Ruth, Lou Gehrig, Joe DiMaggio, Whitey Ford, Yogi Berra, Mickey Mantle, Reggie Jackson, Derek Jeter and Mariano Rivera.

Q1: When did the first Yankee Stadium open?
A1: 1923
Q2: Where was the first Yankee Stadium?
A2: on 161st Street and River Avenue
Q3: How many times have the Yankees won the World Series?
A3: 27
Q4: Which historic great players have played at Yankee Stadium?
A4: Babe Ruth, Lou Gehrig, Joe DiMaggio, Whitey Ford, Yogi Berra, Mickey Mantle, Reggie Jackson, Derek Jeter and Mariano Rivera
Q5: What league are the NY Yankees in?
A5: Major League Baseball
The Bronx is home to several Off-Off-Broadway theaters, many staging new works by immigrant playwrights from Latin America and Africa. The Pregones Theater, which produces Latin American work, opened a new 130-seat theater in 2005 on Walton Avenue in the South Bronx. Some artists from elsewhere in New York City have begun to converge on the area, and housing prices have nearly quadrupled in the area since 2002. However rising prices directly correlate to a housing shortage across the city and the entire metro area.

Q1: Where are many of the Bronx's playwrights from?
A1: Latin America and Africa
Q2: How many seats does the Pregones' new theater have?
A2: 130
Q3: What does the Pregones specialize in?
A3: Latin American work
Q4: When did the Pregones' new theater open?
A4: 2005
Q5: Where is the Pregones' new theater?
A5: on Walton Avenue in the South Bronx
The Bronx Museum of the Arts, founded in 1971, exhibits 20th century and contemporary art through its central museum space and 11,000 square feet (1,000 m2) of galleries. Many of its exhibitions are on themes of special interest to the Bronx. Its permanent collection features more than 800 works of art, primarily by artists from Africa, Asia and Latin America, including paintings, photographs, prints, drawings, and mixed media. The museum was temporarily closed in 2006 while it underwent a major expansion designed by the architectural firm Arquitectonica.

Q1: What types of art does the Bronx Museum of the Arts focus on?
A1: 20th century and contemporary art
Q2: How large are the Bronx Museum of the Arts' galleries?
A2: 11,000 square feet
Q3: When did the Bronx Museum of the Arts open?
A3: 1971
Q4: How many works are in the Bronx Museum of the Arts' permanent collection?
A4: more than 800
Q5: Who designed the Bronx Museum of the Arts' 2006 expansion?
A5: Arquitectonica
The Bronx has also become home to a peculiar poetic tribute, in the form of the Heinrich Heine Memorial, better known as the Lorelei Fountain from one of Heine's best-known works (1838). After Heine's German birthplace of Düsseldorf had rejected, allegedly for anti-Semitic motives, a centennial monument to the radical German-Jewish poet (1797–1856), his incensed German-American admirers, including Carl Schurz, started a movement to place one instead in Midtown Manhattan, at Fifth Avenue and 59th Street. However, this intention was thwarted by a combination of ethnic antagonism, aesthetic controversy and political struggles over the institutional control of public art.

Q1: When was the Lorelei Fountain written about?
A1: 1838
Q2: Where was Heinrich Heine born?
A2: Düsseldorf
Q3: When was Heine born?
A3: 1797
Q4: When did Heine die?
A4: 1856
Q5: What ethnicity is Carl Schurz?
A5: German-American
In 1899, the memorial, by the Berlin sculptor Ernst Gustav Herter (1846–1917), finally came to rest, although subject to repeated vandalism, in the Bronx, at 164th Street and the Grand Concourse, or Joyce Kilmer Park near today's Yankee Stadium. (In 1999, it was moved to 161st Street and the Concourse.) In 2007, Christopher Gray of The New York Times described it as "a writhing composition in white Tyrolean marble depicting Lorelei, the mythical German figure, surrounded by mermaids, dolphins and seashells."

Q1: When did Herter die?
A1: 1917
Q2: When was Herter born?
A2: 1846
Q3: What was Herter's career?
A3: sculptor
Q4: Where was Herter's Heine memorial placed in 1899?
A4: 164th Street and the Grand Concourse, or Joyce Kilmer Park
Q5: Where was Herter's Heine memorial moved in 1999?
A5: 161st Street and the Concourse
The peninsular borough's maritime heritage is acknowledged in several ways.The City Island Historical Society and Nautical Museum occupies a former public school designed by the New York City school system's turn-of-the-last-century master architect C. B. J. Snyder. The state's Maritime College in Fort Schuyler (on the southeastern shore) houses the Maritime Industry Museum. In addition, the Harlem River is reemerging as "Scullers' Row" due in large part to the efforts of the Bronx River Restoration Project, a joint public-private endeavor of the city's parks department. Canoeing and kayaking on the borough's namesake river have been promoted by the Bronx River Alliance. The river is also straddled by the New York Botanical Gardens, its neighbor, the Bronx Zoo, and a little further south, on the west shore, Bronx River Art Center.

Q1: Who designed the City Island Historical Society and Nautical Museum's building?
A1: C. B. J. Snyder
Q2: Where is the NY Maritime College?
A2: Fort Schuyler
Q3: What was the City Island Historical Society and Nautical Museum's building originally?
A3: a former public school
Q4: What is 'Scullers' Row'?
A4: the Harlem River
Q5: Which river is near the New York Botanical Gardens?
A5: Bronx River
The Bronx has several local newspapers, including The Bronx News, Parkchester News, City News, The Riverdale Press, Riverdale Review, The Bronx Times Reporter, Inner City Press  (which now has more of a focus on national issues) and Co-Op City Times. Four non-profit news outlets, Norwood News, Mount Hope Monitor, Mott Haven Herald and The Hunts Point Express serve the borough's poorer communities. The editor and co-publisher of The Riverdale Press, Bernard Stein, won the Pulitzer Prize for Editorial Writing for his editorials about Bronx and New York City issues in 1998. (Stein graduated from the Bronx High School of Science in 1959.)

Q1: What does the Inner City Press now focus on?
A1: national issues
Q2: Who is the Riverdale Press's editor?
A2: Bernard Stein
Q3: Why did Stein win a Pulitzer?
A3: for his editorials about Bronx and New York City issues
Q4: When did Stein win a Pulitzer?
A4: 1998
Q5: Where did Stein graduate from?
A5: the Bronx High School of Science
The City of New York has an official television station run by the NYC Media Group and broadcasting from Bronx Community College, and Cablevision operates News 12 The Bronx, both of which feature programming based in the Bronx. Co-op City was the first area in the Bronx, and the first in New York beyond Manhattan, to have its own cable television provider. The local public-access television station BronxNet originates from Herbert H. Lehman College, the borough's only four year CUNY school, and provides government-access television (GATV) public affairs programming in addition to programming produced by Bronx residents.

Q1: What channel in the Bronx does Cablevision run?
A1: News 12 The Bronx
Q2: Where is the official city TV station broadcast from?
A2: Bronx Community College
Q3: What is the Bronx's only 4-year CUNY college?
A3: Herbert H. Lehman College
Mid-20th century movies set in the Bronx portrayed densely settled, working-class, urban culture. Hollywood films such as From This Day Forward (1946), set in Highbridge, occasionally delved into Bronx life. Paddy Chayefsky's Academy Award-winning Marty was the most notable examination of working class Bronx life was also explored by Chayefsky in his 1956 film The Catered Affair, and in the 1993 Robert De Niro/Chazz Palminteri film, A Bronx Tale, Spike Lee's 1999 movie Summer of Sam, centered in an Italian-American Bronx community, 1994's I Like It Like That that takes place in the predominantly Puerto Rican neighborhood of the South Bronx, and Doughboys, the story of two Italian-American brothers in danger of losing their bakery thanks to one brother's gambling debts.

Q1: When was 'From This Day Forward' released?
A1: 1946
Q2: Where was 'From This Day Forward' set?
A2: Highbridge
Q3: When was 'The Catered Affair' released?
A3: 1956
Q4: What did 'The Catered Affair' explore?
A4: working class Bronx life
Q5: What was 'Summer of Sam' about?
A5: an Italian-American Bronx community
Starting in the 1970s, the Bronx often symbolized violence, decay, and urban ruin. The wave of arson in the South Bronx in the 1960s and 1970s inspired the observation that "The Bronx is burning": in 1974 it was the title of both a New York Times editorial and a BBC documentary film. The line entered the pop-consciousness with Game Two of the 1977 World Series, when a fire broke out near Yankee Stadium as the team was playing the Los Angeles Dodgers. Numerous fires had previously broken out in the Bronx prior to this fire. As the fire was captured on live television, announcer Howard Cosell is wrongly remembered to have said something like, "There it is, ladies and gentlemen: the Bronx is burning". Historians of New York City frequently point to Cosell's remark as an acknowledgement of both the city and the borough's decline. A new feature-length documentary film by Edwin Pagan called Bronx Burning is in production in 2006, chronicling what led up to the numerous arson-for-insurance fraud fires of the 1970s in the borough.

Q1: Where was arson a big problem in the Bronx?
A1: the South Bronx
Q2: When was the phrase "The Bronx is burning" first widespread?
A2: 1974
Q3: Who made a documentary called "The Bronx is burning"?
A3: BBC
Q4: Who published an editorial called "The Bronx is burning"?
A4: New York Times
Q5: Who made a film called 'Bronx Burning'?
A5: Edwin Pagan
Bronx gang life was depicted in the 1974 novel The Wanderers by Bronx native Richard Price and the 1979 movie of the same name. They are set in the heart of the Bronx, showing apartment life and the then-landmark Krums ice cream parlor. In the 1979 film The Warriors, the eponymous gang go to a meeting in Van Cortlandt Park in the Bronx, and have to fight their way out of the borough and get back to Coney Island in Brooklyn. A Bronx Tale (1993) depicts gang activities in the Belmont "Little Italy" section of the Bronx. The 2005 video game adaptation features levels called Pelham, Tremont, and "Gunhill" (a play off the name Gun Hill Road). This theme lends itself to the title of The Bronx Is Burning, an eight-part ESPN TV mini-series (2007) about the New York Yankees' drive to winning baseball's 1977 World Series. The TV series emphasizes the boisterous nature of the team, led by manager Billy Martin, catcher Thurman Munson and outfielder Reggie Jackson, as well as the malaise of the Bronx and New York City in general during that time, such as the blackout, the city's serious financial woes and near bankruptcy, the arson for insurance payments, and the election of Ed Koch as mayor.

Q1: When was 'The Warriors' movie released?
A1: 1979
Q2: When was 'The Wanderers' published?
A2: 1974
Q3: When was 'A Bronx Tale' released?
A3: 1993
Q4: When was 'The Wanderers' movie released?
A4: 1979
Q5: When was 'The Wanderers' published?
A5: 1974
Q6: When was 'The Wanderers' movie released?
A6: 1979
Q7: When was 'The Warriors' movie released?
A7: 1979
Q8: When was 'A Bronx Tale' released?
A8: 1993
The 1981 film Fort Apache, The Bronx is another film that used the Bronx's gritty image for its storyline. The movie's title is from the nickname for the 41st Police Precinct in the South Bronx which was nicknamed "Fort Apache". Also from 1981 is the horror film Wolfen making use of the rubble of the Bronx as a home for werewolf type creatures. Knights of the South Bronx, a true story of a teacher who worked with disadvantaged children, is another film also set in the Bronx released in 2005. The Bronx was the setting for the 1983 film Fuga dal Bronx, also known as Bronx Warriors 2 and Escape 2000, an Italian B-movie best known for its appearance on the television series Mystery Science Theatre 3000. The plot revolves around a sinister construction corporation's plans to depopulate, destroy and redevelop the Bronx, and a band of rebels who are out to expose the corporation's murderous ways and save their homes. The film is memorable for its almost incessant use of the phrase, "Leave the Bronx!" Many of the movie's scenes were filmed in Queens, substituting as the Bronx. Rumble in the Bronx was a 1995 Jackie Chan kung-fu film, another which popularised the Bronx to international audiences. Last Bronx, a 1996 Sega game played on the bad reputation of the Bronx to lend its name to an alternate version of post-Japanese bubble Tokyo, where crime and gang warfare is rampant.

Q1: When was 'Fort Apache' released?
A1: 1981
Q2: When was 'Fuga dal Bronx' released?
A2: 2005
Q3: What origin was 'Escape 2000'?
A3: Italian
Bronx native Nancy Savoca's 1989 comedy, True Love, explores two Italian-American Bronx sweethearts in the days before their wedding. The film, which debuted Annabella Sciorra and Ron Eldard as the betrothed couple, won the Grand Jury Prize at that year's Sundance Film Festival. The CBS television sitcom Becker, 1998–2004, was more ambiguous. The show starred Ted Danson as Dr. John Becker, a doctor who operated a small practice and was constantly annoyed by his patients, co-workers, friends, and practically everything and everybody else in his world. It showed his everyday life as a doctor working in a small clinic in the Bronx.

Q1: When was 'True Love' released?
A1: 1989
Q2: What genre was 'True Love'?
A2: comedy
Q3: Who starred in 'True Love'?
A3: Annabella Sciorra and Ron Eldard
Penny Marshall's 1990 film Awakenings, which was nominated for several Oscars, is based on neurologist Oliver Sacks' 1973 account of his psychiatric patients at Beth Abraham Hospital in the Bronx who were paralyzed by a form of encephalitis but briefly responded to the drug L-dopa. Robin Williams played the physician; Robert De Niro was one of the patients who emerged from a catatonic (frozen) state. The home of Williams' character was shot not far from Sacks' actual City Island residence. A 1973 Yorkshire Television documentary and "A Kind of Alaska", a 1985 play by Harold Pinter, were also based on Sacks' book.

Q1: When did "Awakenings" come out?
A1: 1990
Q2: Whose real story is 'Awakenings' based on?
A2: Oliver Sacks
Q3: What is Sacks' career?
A3: neurologist
Q4: When was 'A Kind of Alaska' performed?
A4: 1985
Q5: Who wrote 'A Kind of Alaska'?
A5: Harold Pinter
The Bronx has been featured significantly in fiction literature. All of the characters in Herman Wouk's City Boy: The Adventures of Herbie Bookbinder (1948) live in the Bronx, and about half of the action is set there. Kate Simon's Bronx Primitive: Portraits of a Childhood is directly autobiographical, a warm account of a Polish-Jewish girl in an immigrant family growing up before World War II, and living near Arthur Avenue and Tremont Avenue. In Jacob M. Appel's short story, "The Grand Concourse" (2007), a woman who grew up in the iconic Lewis Morris Building returns to the Morrisania neighborhood with her adult daughter. Similarly, in Avery Corman's book The Old Neighborhood (1980), an upper-middle class white protagonist returns to his birth neighborhood (Fordham Road and the Grand Concourse), and learns that even though the folks are poor, Hispanic and African-American, they are good people.

Q1: When was 'City Boy: The Adventures of Herbie Bookbinder' published?
A1: 1948
Q2: How much of 'City Boy: The Adventures of Herbie Bookbinder' is set in the Bronx?
A2: about half
Q3: Who wrote 'City Boy: The Adventures of Herbie Bookbinder'?
A3: Herman Wouk
Q4: When was 'The Grand Concourse' published?
A4: 2007
Q5: Who wrote 'The Grand Concourse'?
A5: Jacob M. Appel