romikgosai/squad_modified_2 huggingface dataset:
There have always been Arsenal supporters outside London, and since the advent of satellite television, a supporter's attachment to a football club has become less dependent on geography. Consequently, Arsenal have a significant number of fans from beyond London and all over the world; in 2007, 24 UK, 37 Irish and 49 other overseas supporters clubs were affiliated with the club. A 2011 report by SPORT+MARKT estimated Arsenal's global fanbase at 113 million. The club's social media activity was the fifth highest in world football during the 2014–15 season.

Q1: What medium has added to the fan base of Arsenal?
A1: satellite television
Q2: How many supporter clubs outside Britain  were there in 2007 affiliated with Arsenal?
A2: 49
Q3: In 2011 what was Arsenal's estimated fan base?
A3: 113 million
Q4: What was the world ranking of Arsenal's social media in 2015-15 season?
A4: fifth highest
Q5: In this era of satelites and social media,on what are fans now less dependent ?
A5: geography
Arsenal's longest-running and deepest rivalry is with their nearest major neighbours, Tottenham Hotspur; matches between the two are referred to as North London derbies. Other rivalries within London include those with Chelsea, Fulham and West Ham United. In addition, Arsenal and Manchester United developed a strong on-pitch rivalry in the late 1980s, which intensified in recent years when both clubs were competing for the Premier League title – so much so that a 2003 online poll by the Football Fans Census listed Manchester United as Arsenal's biggest rivals, followed by Tottenham and Chelsea. A 2008 poll listed the Tottenham rivalry as more important.

Q1: What football club is Arsenal's greatest rival?
A1: Tottenham Hotspur
Q2: Since the Arsenal and Tottenham Hotspurs are geographically so close , what is the contest between them called?
A2: North London derbies
Q3: What club has Arsenal have an increased rivalry since the 1980s?
A3: Manchester United
Q4: What competition sparked the rivalry with Manchester?
A4: Premier League title
Q5: What year's poll of supporters said that the Tottenham rivalry was greatest?
A5: 2008
The largest shareholder on the Arsenal board is American sports tycoon Stan Kroenke. Kroenke first launched a bid for the club in April 2007, and faced competition for shares from Red and White Securities, which acquired its first shares off David Dein in August 2007. Red & White Securities was co-owned by Russian billionaire Alisher Usmanov and Iranian London-based financier Farhad Moshiri, though Usmanov bought Moshiri's stake in 2016. Kroenke came close to the 30% takeover threshold in November 2009, when he increased his holding to 18,594 shares (29.9%). In April 2011, Kroenke achieved a full takeover by purchasing the shareholdings of Nina Bracewell-Smith and Danny Fiszman, taking his shareholding to 62.89%. As of June 2015, Kroenke owns 41,698 shares (67.02%) and Red & White Securities own 18,695 shares (30.04%). Ivan Gazidis has been the club's Chief Executive since 2009.

Q1: What individual is the biggest shareholder on the Arsenal board?
A1: Stan Kroenke
Q2: What percentage of shares in Arsenal did Kroenke own by 2011?
A2: 62.89%
Q3: Who is Arsenal's Chief Executive?
A3: Ivan Gazidis
Q4: Who is Kroenke's chief competitor for Arsenal stock?
A4: Red & White Securities
Q5: In what year did Kreonke achieve take over of Arsenal stock?
A5: April 2011
Arsenal's parent company, Arsenal Holdings plc, operates as a non-quoted public limited company, whose ownership is considerably different from that of other football clubs. Only 62,217 shares in Arsenal have been issued, and they are not traded on a public exchange such as the FTSE or AIM; instead, they are traded relatively infrequently on the ICAP Securities and Derivatives Exchange, a specialist market. On 10 March 2016, a single share in Arsenal had a mid price of £15,670, which sets the club's market capitalisation value at approximately £975m. Most football clubs aren't listed on an exchange, which makes direct comparisons of their values difficult. Business magazine Forbes valued Arsenal as a whole at $1.3 billion in 2015. Consultants Brand Finance valued the club's brand and intangible assets at $703m in 2015, and consider Arsenal an AAA global brand. Research by the Henley Business School modelled the club's value at £1.118 billion in 2015, the second highest in the Premier League.

Q1: By what means does Arsenal operate as a company?
A1: non-quoted public limited
Q2: How many shares of Arsenal stock are there?
A2: 62,217
Q3: On March 10,2016 what was the value of a share of Arsenal stock?
A3: £15,670
Q4: What value did Forbes place on Arsenal in 2015?
A4: $1.3 billion
Q5: At what rank in value in the Premier League is Arsenal?
A5: second highest
Arsenal's financial results for the 2014–15 season show group revenue of £344.5m, with a profit before tax of £24.7m. The footballing core of the business showed a revenue of £329.3m. The Deloitte Football Money League is a publication that homogenizes and compares clubs' annual revenue. They put Arsenal's footballing revenue at £331.3m (€435.5m), ranking Arsenal seventh among world football clubs. Arsenal and Deloitte both list the match day revenue generated by the Emirates Stadium as £100.4m, more than any other football stadium in the world.

Q1: Where does Deloitte Football Money League rank Arsenal in the world football clubs?
A1: seventh
Q2: What value does Deloitte place on Arsenal?
A2: £331.3m
Q3: What is the match day earning of Emirates Stadium?
A3: £100.4m
Q4: How does Arsenal match day revenue compare with other stadium in the world?
A4: more
Q5: What does Arsenal report a before tax profit for 2014-15?
A5: £24.7m
Arsenal have appeared in a number of media "firsts". On 22 January 1927, their match at Highbury against Sheffield United was the first English League match to be broadcast live on radio. A decade later, on 16 September 1937, an exhibition match between Arsenal's first team and the reserves was the first football match in the world to be televised live. Arsenal also featured in the first edition of the BBC's Match of the Day, which screened highlights of their match against Liverpool at Anfield on 22 August 1964. BSkyB's coverage of Arsenal's January 2010 match against Manchester United was the first live public broadcast of a sports event on 3D television.

Q1: Why was Arsenal's match on 22 Jan. 1927 at Highbury a first?
A1: broadcast live on radio
Q2: What team did Arsenal play at the time of the radio broadcast in 1927?
A2: Sheffield United
Q3: When was Arsenal's match the first to be televised live?
A3: 16 September 1937
Q4: To what first broadcast did Arsenal provide match highlights?
A4: BBC's Match of the Day
Q5: In what form was Arsenal's broadcast of a 2010 match against Manchester United?
A5: 3D television
As one of the most successful teams in the country, Arsenal have often featured when football is depicted in the arts in Britain. They formed the backdrop to one of the earliest football-related films, The Arsenal Stadium Mystery (1939). The film centres on a friendly match between Arsenal and an amateur side, one of whose players is poisoned while playing. Many Arsenal players appeared as themselves and manager George Allison was given a speaking part. More recently, the book Fever Pitch by Nick Hornby was an autobiographical account of Hornby's life and relationship with football and Arsenal in particular. Published in 1992, it formed part of the revival and rehabilitation of football in British society during the 1990s. The book was twice adapted for the cinema – the 1997 British film focuses on Arsenal's 1988–89 title win, and a 2005 American version features a fan of baseball's Boston Red Sox.

Q1: In what film was Arsenal FC shown?
A1: The Arsenal Stadium Mystery
Q2: What Arsenal manager had a speaking part in the 1939 film?
A2: George Allison
Q3: What book by Nick Hornby has twice been adapted for film?
A3: Fever Pitch
Q4: When was Hornby's book published?
A4: 1992
Q5: In what decade did film and literature help revive football in Britain?
A5: 1990s
Arsenal have often been stereotyped as a defensive and "boring" side, especially during the 1970s and 1980s; many comedians, such as Eric Morecambe, made jokes about this at the team's expense. The theme was repeated in the 1997 film The Full Monty, in a scene where the lead actors move in a line and raise their hands, deliberately mimicking the Arsenal defence's offside trap, in an attempt to co-ordinate their striptease routine. Another film reference to the club's defence comes in the film Plunkett & Macleane, in which two characters are named Dixon and Winterburn after Arsenal's long-serving full backs – the right-sided Lee Dixon and the left-sided Nigel Winterburn.

Q1: How have Arsenal players portrayed in media?
A1: defensive and "boring"
Q2: In what decades were Arsenal players stereotyped in a negative way?
A2: 1970s and 1980s
Q3: What film featured a Arsenal play in  derogatory way?
A3: The Full Monty
Q4: Which comic made numerous jokes about Arsenal players?
A4: Eric Morecambe
Q5: What film uses characters named after Arsenal full backs?
A5: Plunkett & Macleane
Arsenal's tally of 13 League Championships is the third highest in English football, after Manchester United (20) and Liverpool (18), and they were the first club to reach 8 League Championships. They hold the highest number of FA Cup trophies, 12. The club is one of only six clubs to have won the FA Cup twice in succession, in 2002 and 2003, and 2014 and 2015. Arsenal have achieved three League and FA Cup "Doubles" (in 1971, 1998 and 2002), a feat only previously achieved by Manchester United (in 1994, 1996 and 1999). They were the first side in English football to complete the FA Cup and League Cup double, in 1993. Arsenal were also the first London club to reach the final of the UEFA Champions League, in 2006, losing the final 2–1 to Barcelona.

Q1: How many League Championships has Arsenal won?
A1: 13
Q2: Where does Arsenal's total League Championships place it as compared to other English teams?
A2: third highest
Q3: Of what type of trophies does Arsenal have the most?
A3: FA Cup trophies
Q4: In what competition was Arsenal the first to enter the finals?
A4: UEFA Champions League
Q5: What team beat Arsenal to win the 2006 UEFA Champions League?
A5: Barcelona
Arsenal Ladies are the women's football club affiliated to Arsenal. Founded in 1987, they turned semi-professional in 2002 and are managed by Clare Wheatley. Arsenal Ladies are the most successful team in English women's football. In the 2008–09 season, they won all three major English trophies – the FA Women's Premier League, FA Women's Cup and FA Women's Premier League Cup, and, as of 2009, were the only English side to have won the UEFA Women's Cup, having done so in the 2006–07 season as part of a unique quadruple. The men's and women's clubs are formally separate entities but have quite close ties; Arsenal Ladies are entitled to play once a season at the Emirates Stadium, though they usually play their home matches at Boreham Wood.

Q1: At what stadium do Arsenal Ladies usually play?
A1: Boreham Wood.
Q2: By 2009 what competition has Arsenal Ladies been the only ladies team to have won?
A2: UEFA Women's Cup
Q3: When did the Arsenal Ladies team become semi-professional?
A3: 2002
Q4: How does Arsenal Ladies rank as compared with other English women's football teams?
A4: most successful
Q5: What is the name of the football club affiliated with Arsenal?
A5: Arsenal Ladies
Outside of the Low Countries, it is the native language of the majority of the population of Suriname, and also holds official status in the Caribbean island nations of Aruba, Curaçao and Sint Maarten. Historical minorities on the verge of extinction remain in parts of France and Germany, and in Indonesia,[n 1] while up to half a million native speakers may reside in the United States, Canada and Australia combined.[n 2] The Cape Dutch dialects of Southern Africa have evolved into Afrikaans, a mutually intelligible daughter language[n 3] which is spoken to some degree by at least 16 million people, mainly in South Africa and Namibia.[n 4]

Q1: In what place with the word "name" in it do most people speak Dutch?
A1: Suriname
Q2: Islands in the Caribbean that include Dutch as an official language include Curaçao, Sint Maarten, and what other place?
A2: Aruba
Q3: It's been estimated that up to what number of native Dutch speakers live in Australia, the U.S., and Canada?
A3: half a million
Q4: In Southern Africa, Dutch has developed over many years into what daughter language?
A4: Afrikaans
Q5: What the low estimate for the number of people who speak Afrikaans?
A5: 16 million
Dutch is one of the closest relatives of both German and English[n 5] and is said to be roughly in between them.[n 6] Dutch, like English, has not undergone the High German consonant shift, does not use Germanic umlaut as a grammatical marker, has largely abandoned the use of the subjunctive, and has levelled much of its morphology, including the case system.[n 7] Features shared with German include the survival of three grammatical genders—albeit with few grammatical consequences[n 8]—as well as the use of modal particles, final-obstruent devoicing, and a similar word order.[n 9] Dutch vocabulary is mostly Germanic and incorporates more Romance loans than German but fewer than English.[n 10]

Q1: Which two languages does Dutch most closely resemble?
A1: German and English
Q2: Which Germanic accent mark do both the English and the Dutch language not use?
A2: umlaut
Q3: Unlike English, both German and Dutch use how many genders in their grammar?
A3: three
Q4: Which verb tense have both English and Dutch mostly gotten rid of?
A4: subjunctive
Q5: Does Dutch borrow more or less from Romance languages for its vocabulary than German?
A5: more
While Dutch generally refers to the language as a whole, Belgian varieties are sometimes collectively referred to as Flemish. In both Belgium and the Netherlands, the native official name for Dutch is Nederlands, and its dialects have their own names, e.g. Hollands "Hollandish", West-Vlaams "Western Flemish", Brabants "Brabantian". The use of the word Vlaams ("Flemish") to describe Standard Dutch for the variations prevalent in Flanders and used there, however, is common in the Netherlands and Belgium.

Q1: What are variations on Dutch used in Belgium sometimes called?
A1: Flemish
Q2: What is the Dutch language officially called in the Netherlands?
A2: Nederlands
Q3: What would someone in Belgium call the variation of Dutch spoken in Flanders?
A3: Vlaams
Q4: What is the Dutch name for the "Hollandish" dialect of the language?
A4: Hollands
Q5: If "Vlaams" is "Flemish," what would English speakers call "West-Vlaams"?
A5: Western Flemish
The Dutch language has been known under a variety of names. In Middle Dutch, which was a collection of dialects, dietsc was used in Flanders and Brabant, while diets or duutsc was in use in the Northern Netherlands. It derived from the Old Germanic word theudisk, one of the first names ever used for the non-Romance languages of Western Europe, meaning (pertaining to the language) of the people, that is, the native Germanic language. The term was used as opposed to Latin, the non-native language of writing and the Catholic Church. In the first text in which it is found, dating from 784, it refers to the Germanic dialects of Britain. In the Oaths of Strasbourg (842) it appeared as teudisca to refer to the Germanic (Rhenish Franconian) portion of the oath.

Q1: What Old Germanic term was used to describe the non-Romance languages that developed in Europe?
A1: theudisk
Q2: What language was used for writing and by the Catholic Church instead of the language "of the people"?
A2: Latin
Q3: The word "theudisk" was first found in a text from what year?
A3: 784
Q4: What year were the Oaths of Strasbourg written?
A4: 842
Q5: What word was used in the Oaths of Strasbourg for the oath's Germanic section?
A5: teudisca
Until roughly the 16th century, speakers of all the varieties of the West Germanic languages from the mouth of the Rhine to the Alps had been accustomed to refer to their native speech as Dietsch, (Neder)duyts or some other cognate of theudisk. This let inevitably to confusion since similar terms referred to different languages. Therefore, in the 16th century, a differentiation took place. Owing to Dutch commercial and colonial rivalry in the 16th and 17th centuries, the English term came to refer exclusively to the Dutch. A notable exception is Pennsylvania Dutch, which is a West Central German variety called Deitsch by its speakers. Jersey Dutch, on the other hand, as spoken until the 1950s in New Jersey, is a Dutch-based creole.

Q1: In what century was a differentiation made to clear up confusion about West Germanic languages?
A1: 16th
Q2: What West Central German dialect of Dutch contains the name of a U.S. state?
A2: Pennsylvania Dutch
Q3: What's the native Pennsylvania Dutch word for the language?
A3: Deitsch
Q4: In what decade did people in New Jersey stop speaking Jersey Dutch?
A4: 1950s
In Dutch itself, Diets went out of common use - although Platdiets is still used for the transitional Limburgish-Ripuarian dialects in the north-east of Belgium. Nederlands, the official Dutch word for "Dutch", did not become firmly established until the 19th century. This designation had been in use as far back as the end of the 15th century, but received competition from the more popular terminology Nederduits, "Low Dutch", for several reasons. One of them was it reflected a distinction with Hoogduits, "High Dutch", meaning the language spoken in Germany. The Hoog was later dropped, and thus, Duits narrowed down in meaning to refer to the German language.

Q1: Dutch people didn't have an officially established word for the "Dutch" language until what century?
A1: 19th
Q2: What word meaning "Low Dutch" was sometimes used to distinguish Dutch from Germany's language?
A2: Nederduits
Q3: Instead of "German," what word used to refer to the language of the country of Germany?
A3: Hoogduits
Q4: What does "Hoogduits" translate to in English?
A4: High Dutch
Q5: Now that "Nederlands" is used for Dutch in Dutch, what do Dutch speakers call German?
A5: Duits
The term Nederduits, however introduced new confusion, since the non standardised dialects spoken in the north of Germany came to be known as Niederdeutsch as well, and thus the Duits reference in the name was dropped, leading to Nederlands as designation to refer to the Dutch language. The repeated use of Neder (or "low") to refer to the Dutch language is a reference to the Netherlands' downriver location at the Rhine–Meuse–Scheldt delta near the North Sea, harking back to Latin nomenclature, e.g. Germania Inferior. See also: Netherlands (toponymy).

Q1: What was the new word for Dutch that still caused some confusion with the language spoken in Germany?
A1: Nederduits
Q2: What does the word "Neder" translate to in English?
A2: low
Q3: The Netherlands are "low" because of their placement near what delta by the North Sea?
A3: Rhine–Meuse–Scheldt delta
Q4: What language started the trend of referring to the Netherlands as "Germania Inferior"?
A4: Latin
Q5: "Nederduits" often caused people to mix up the language of the Netherlands with that spoken in what directional area of Germany?
A5: north
Three Germanic dialects were originally spoken in the Low Countries: Frisian in the north and along the western coast; Saxon in the east (contiguous with the Low German area); and Franconian in the centre and south. It is the Franconian dialects that is designated as Old Dutch, and that would develop in Middle Dutch and later Modern Dutch. The division in these development phases is mostly conventional, since the transition between them was very gradual. One of the few moments linguists can detect somewhat of a revolution is when the Dutch standard language emerged and quickly established itself. The development of the Dutch language is illustrated by the following sentence in Old, Middle and Modern Dutch:

Q1: How many different versions of a Germanic language were spoken in the Low Countries?
A1: Three
Q2: Which Germanic dialect was spoken in the eastern region?
A2: Saxon
Q3: Which dialects are referred to as "Old Dutch"?
A3: Franconian
Q4: Was the transition from Old Dutch to Modern Dutch gradual, or did it happen quickly?
A4: gradual
Q5: Which Germanic dialect was spoken in the north and west of the Low Countries?
A5: Frisian
Within the Indo-European language tree, Dutch is grouped within the Germanic languages, which means it shares a common ancestor with languages such as English, German, and Scandinavian languages. All Germanic languages are united by subjection to the sound shifts of Grimm's law and Verner's law which originated in the Proto-Germanic language and define the basic differentiating features from other Indo-European languages. This assumed to have originated in approximately the mid-first millennium BCE in Iron Age northern Europe.

Q1: Which language tree groups Dutch with English?
A1: Indo-European
Q2: What group of languages have to comply with Grimm's law?
A2: Germanic
Q3: In what age did the sound patterns that distinguish Germanic languages develop?
A3: Iron Age
Q4: Along with Grimm's law, what's the other rule for Germanic-sounding speech called?
A4: Verner's law
Q5: What does a language need to share with the group in order to be classified as Germanic?
A5: common ancestor
The Germanic languages are traditionally divided into three groups: West, East and North Germanic. They remained mutually intelligible throughout the Migration Period. Dutch is together with English and German part of the West Germanic group, that is characterized by a number of phonological and morphological innovations not found in North and East Germanic. The West Germanic varieties of the time are generally split into three dialect groups: Ingvaeonic (North Sea Germanic), Istvaeonic (Weser-Rhine Germanic) and Irminonic (Elbe Germanic). It appears that the Frankish tribes fit primarily into the Istvaeonic dialect group with certain Ingvaeonic influences towards the northwest, still seen in modern Dutch.

Q1: Into how many groups are Germanic languages usually split?
A1: three
Q2: In what historical period did the different types of Germanic languages stop being collectively understood?
A2: the Migration Period
Q3: What group of Germanic languages includes Dutch, English, and German?
A3: West Germanic
Q4: What's the West Germanic dialect spoken in the North Sea region called?
A4: Ingvaeonic
Q5: Which dialect group included most Frankish tribes?
A5: Istvaeonic
A Frankish identity emerged and so did their Frankish or Franconian language. The language itself is poorly attested. A notable exception is the Bergakker inscription, found near the Dutch city of Tiel, which may represent a primary record of 5th-century Frankish. Although some placenames recorded in Roman texts could arguably be considered as the oldest "Dutch" single words, like vadam (modern Dutch: wad, English: "mudflat"), the Bergakker inscription yields the oldest evidence of Dutch morphology, but there is no consensus on the interpretation of the rest of the text.

Q1: What's another term for "Frankish"?
A1: Franconian
Q2: What city is closest to the Bergakker inscription?
A2: Tiel
Q3: To which century do some researchers attribute the Bergakker inscription?
A3: 5th
Q4: What word found in Roman writings became "wad" in modern Dutch?
A4: vadam
Q5: What does the Dutch word "wad" mean in English?
A5: mudflat