romikgosai/squad_modified_2 huggingface dataset:
In the 1950s after PRC was established by CPC, the government invested heavily in the city to build a series of state-owned heavy industries, as part of the national plan of rapid industrialization, converting it into a heavy industry production centre of East China. Overenthusiastic in building a “world-class” industrial city, the government also made many disastrous mistakes during development, such as spending hundreds of millions of yuan to mine for non-existent coal, resulting in negative economic growth in the late 1960s. From 1960s to 1980s there were Five Pillar Industries, namely, electronics, cars, petrochemical, iron and steel, and power, each with big state-owned firms. After the Reform and Opening recovering market economy, the state-owned enterprises found themselves incapable of competing with efficient multinational firms and local private firms, hence were either mired in heavy debt or forced into bankruptcy or privatization and this resulted in large numbers of layoff workers who were technically not unemployed but effectively jobless.

Q1: What did the government build in Nanjing during the 1950's?
A1: a series of state-owned heavy industries
Q2: The mistakes the government made during this period resulted in what type of growth?
A2: negative economic growth
Q3: How many Pillar industries were there from the 1960s to the 1980s?
A3: Five
Q4: The inability to compete with multinational firms led to what for workers?
A4: large numbers of layoff
Q5: The government wanted Nanjing to be what kind of industrial city?
A5: “world-class”
The current economy of the city is basically newly developed based on the past. Service industries are dominating, accounting for about 60 percent of the GDP of the city, and financial industry, culture industry and tourism industry are top 3 of them. Industries of information technology, energy saving and environmental protection, new energy, smart power grid and intelligent equipment manufacturing have become pillar industries. Big private firms include Suning, Yurun, Sanpower, Fuzhong, Hiteker, 5stars, Jinpu, Tiandi, CTTQ Pharmaceutical and Simcere Pharmaceutical. Big state-owned firms include Panda Electronics, Yangzi Petrochemical, Jinling Petrochemical, Nanjing Chemical, Nanjing Steel, Jincheng Motors, Jinling Pharmaceutical, Chenguang and NARI. The city has also attracted foreign investment, multinational firms such as Siemens, Ericsson, Volkswagen, Iveco, A.O. Smith, and Sharp have established their lines, and a number of multinationals such as Ford, IBM, Lucent, Samsung and SAP established research center there. Many China-based leading firms such as Huawei, ZTE and Lenovo have key R & D institutes in the city. Nanjing is an industrial technology research and development hub, hosting many R & D centers and institutions, especially in areas of electronics technology, information technology, computer software, biotechnology and pharmaceutical technology and new material technology.

Q1: What type of industries are now dominant in Nanjing?
A1: Service industries
Q2: How much of the city's GDP do the service industries contribute to?
A2: about 60 percent
Q3: Companies such as Huawei, ZTE and Lenovo have built what in Nanjing?
A3: many R & D centers and institutions
Q4: Companies such as Ford, IBM, Lucent, Samsung and SAP have built what in Nanjing?
A4: research center
Q5: The top 3 industries in Nanjing are?
A5: financial industry, culture industry and tourism industry
In recent years, Nanjing has been developing its economy, commerce, industry, as well as city construction. In 2013 the city's GDP was RMB 801 billion (3rd in Jiangsu), and GDP per capita(current price) was RMB 98,174(US$16041), a 11 percent increase from 2012. The average urban resident's disposable income was RMB 36,200, while the average rural resident's net income was RMB 14,513. The registered urban unemployment rate was 3.02 percent, lower than the national average (4.3 percent). Nanjing's Gross Domestic Product ranked 12th in 2013 in China, and its overall competence ranked 6th in mainland and 8th including Taiwan and Hong Kong in 2009.

Q1: What was Nanjing's GDP in 2013?
A1: RMB 801 billion
Q2: What was Nanjing's GDP per person in 2013?
A2: RMB 98,174(US$16041)
Q3: Was the GDP in 2013 an increase or decrease over 2012's levels?
A3: increase
Q4: How was Nanjing's unemployment rate, compared to the nation as a whole?
A4: lower than the national average
Q5: What was Nanjing's GDP ranking in all of China for 2013?
A5: 12th
Nanjing is the transportation hub in eastern China and the downstream Yangtze River area. Different means of transportation constitute a three-dimensional transport system that includes land, water and air. As in most other Chinese cities, public transportation is the dominant mode of travel of the majority of the citizens. As of October 2014, Nanjing had five bridges and two tunnels over the Yangtze River, which are tying districts north of the river with the city centre on the south bank.

Q1: What are the three types of transport in Nanjing?
A1: land, water and air
Q2: What is the most popular method of travel for citizens?
A2: public transportation
Q3: How many bridges does Nanjing have over the Yangtze River?
A3: five
Q4: How many tunnels does Nanjing have over the Yangtze River?
A4: two
Q5: Where is the city centre located?
A5: on the south bank
Nanjing is an important railway hub in eastern China. It serves as rail junction for the Beijing-Shanghai (Jinghu) (which is itself composed of the old Jinpu and Huning Railways), Nanjing–Tongling Railway (Ningtong), Nanjing–Qidong (Ningqi), and the Nanjing-Xian (Ningxi) which encompasses the Hefei–Nanjing Railway. Nanjing is connected to the national high-speed railway network by Beijing–Shanghai High-Speed Railway and Shanghai–Wuhan–Chengdu Passenger Dedicated Line, with several more high-speed rail lines under construction.

Q1: Nanjing's railway is important, and is located in what region of China?
A1: eastern China
Q2: What line does Nanjing serve as a railway junction for?
A2: Beijing-Shanghai (Jinghu)
Q3: What lines comprise the Beijing-Shanghai (Jinghu) line?
A3: the old Jinpu and Huning Railways
Q4: What high-speed railway is Nanjing connected to that contains Shanghai?
A4: Shanghai–Wuhan–Chengdu Passenger Dedicated Line
Q5: What type of railway lines are now under construction?
A5: several more high-speed rail lines
Among all 17 railway stations in Nanjing, passenger rail service is mainly provided by Nanjing Railway Station and Nanjing South Railway Station, while other stations like Nanjing West Railway Station, Zhonghuamen Railway Station and Xianlin Railway Station serve minor roles. Nanjing Railway Station was first built in 1968. In 1999, On November 12, 1999, the station was burnt in a serious fire. Reconstruction of the station was finished on September 1, 2005. Nanjing South Railway Station, which is one of the 5 hub stations on Beijing–Shanghai High-Speed Railway, has officially been claimed as the largest railway station in Asia and the second largest in the world in terms of GFA (Gross Floor Area). Construction of Nanjing South Station began on 10 January 2008. The station was opened for public service in 2011.

Q1: How many railway stations are there in Nanjing?
A1: 17
Q2: Which are the two most prominent railway stations?
A2: Nanjing Railway Station and Nanjing South Railway Station
Q3: When was the Nanjing Railway Station originally constructed?
A3: 1968
Q4: In what year was the Nanjing Railway Station re-built?
A4: 2005
Q5: Which station is one of the 5 hub stations on the Beijing–Shanghai High-Speed Railway line?
A5: Nanjing South Railway Station
Express highways such as Hu–Ning, Ning–He, Ning–Hang enable commuters to travel to Shanghai, Hefei, Hangzhou, and other important cities quickly and conveniently. Inside the city of Nanjing, there are 230 km (140 mi) of highways, with a highway coverage density of 3.38 kilometres per hundred square kilometrs (5.44 mi/100 sq mi). The total road coverage density of the city is 112.56 kilometres per hundred square kilometres (181.15 mi/100 sq mi). The two artery roads in Nanjing are Zhongshan Road and Hanzhong. The two roads cross in the city centre, Xinjiekou.

Q1: What type of highways let commuters get to cities fast?
A1: Express highways
Q2: How many miles of highways are in Nanjing?
A2: 140 mi
Q3: What are the names of the artery roads in Nanjing?
A3: Zhongshan Road and Hanzhong
Q4: Zhongshan Road and Hanzhong cross each other in what area of Nanjing?
A4: in the city centre, Xinjiekou
Q5: What is the total coverage of the city with roads, in miles?
A5: 181.15 mi/100 sq mi
The city also boasts an efficient network of public transportation, which mainly consists of bus, taxi and metro systems. The bus network, which is currently run by three companies since 2011, provides more than 370 routes covering all parts of the city and suburban areas. Nanjing Metro Line 1, started service on September 3, 2005, with 16 stations and a length of 21.72 km. Line 2 and the 24.5 km-long south extension of Line 1 officially opened to passenger service on May 28, 2010. At present, Nanjing has a metro system with a grand total of 223.6 kilometers (138.9 mi) of route and 121 stations. They are Line 1, Line 2, Line 3, Line 10, Line S1 and Line S8. The city is planning to complete a 17-line Metro and light-rail system by 2030. The expansion of the Metro network will greatly facilitate the intracity transportation and reduce the currently heavy traffic congestion.

Q1: What are the main types of public transportation?
A1: bus, taxi and metro systems
Q2: How many companies are involved with the network of buses?
A2: three companies
Q3: How many stations are there in total in the Nanjing metro system?
A3: 121 stations
Q4: When does Nanjing expect to finish it's light rail line?
A4: 2030
Q5: How many bus routes are there in Nanjing?
A5: more than 370 routes
Nanjing's airport, Lukou International Airport, serves both national and international flights. In 2013, Nanjing airport handled 15,011,792 passengers and 255,788.6 tonnes of freight. The airport currently has 85 routes to national and international destinations, which include Japan, Korea, Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore, USA and Germany. The airport is connected by a 29-kilometre (18 mi) highway directly to the city center, and is also linked to various intercity highways, making it accessible to the passengers from the surrounding cities. A railway Ninggao Intercity Line is being built to link the airport with Nanjing South Railway Station. Lukou Airport was opened on 28 June 1997, replacing Nanjing Dajiaochang Airport as the main airport serving Nanjing. Dajiaochang Airport is still used as a military air base.

Q1: What is Nanjing's airport called?
A1: Lukou International Airport
Q2: How many routes does Nanjing's airport run?
A2: 85 routes
Q3: How many passengers did the airport service in 2013?
A3: 15,011,792 passengers
Q4: When did the airport open for business?
A4: 28 June 1997
Q5: What airport was the primary airport before Lukou?
A5: Nanjing Dajiaochang Airport
Port of Nanjing is the largest inland port in China, with annual cargo tonnage reached 191,970,000 t in 2012. The port area is 98 kilometres (61 mi) in length and has 64 berths including 16 berths for ships with a tonnage of more than 10,000. Nanjing is also the biggest container port along the Yangtze River; in March 2004, the one million container-capacity base, Longtan Containers Port Area opened, further consolidating Nanjing as the leading port in the region. As of 2010, it operated six public ports and three industrial ports.

Q1: What is the largest inland port for China?
A1: Port of Nanjing
Q2: How long is the Port of Nanjing?
A2: 98 kilometres (61 mi) in length
Q3: How many berths does the Port contain?
A3: 64
Q4: When did Longtan Containers Port Area open up?
A4: March 2004
Q5: How many containers can Longtan Containers Port Area handle?
A5: one million container-capacity
In the 1960s, the first Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge was completed, and served as the only bridge crossing over the Lower Yangtze in eastern China at that time. The bridge was a source of pride and an important symbol of modern China, having been built and designed by the Chinese themselves following failed surveys by other nations and the reliance on and then rejection of Soviet expertise. Begun in 1960 and opened to traffic in 1968, the bridge is a two-tiered road and rail design spanning 4,600 metres on the upper deck, with approximately 1,580 metres spanning the river itself. Since then four more bridges and two tunnels have been built. Going in the downstream direction, the Yangtze crossings in Nanjing are: Dashengguan Bridge, Line 10 Metro Tunnel, Third Bridge, Nanjing Yangtze River Tunnel, First Bridge, Second Bridge and Fourth Bridge.

Q1: When was the very first Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge finished?
A1: the 1960s
Q2: What was the symbolism of the bridge?
A2: symbol of modern China
Q3: When did the Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge first open for traffic?
A3: 1968
Q4: What type of design is the bridge?
A4: a two-tiered road and rail design
Q5: How many more bridges have been built since the first one was completed?
A5: four
Being one of the four ancient capitals of China, Nanjing has always been a cultural centre attracting intellectuals from all over the country. In the Tang and Song dynasties, Nanjing was a place where poets gathered and composed poems reminiscent of its luxurious past; during the Ming and Qing dynasties, the city was the official imperial examination centre (Jiangnan Examination Hall) for the Jiangnan region, again acting as a hub where different thoughts and opinions converged and thrived.

Q1: How many ancient capitals does China have in its history?
A1: four
Q2: What type of people does Nanjing draw because of its culture?
A2: intellectuals
Q3: In what dynasties did poets congregate in Nanjing?
A3: the Tang and Song dynasties
Q4: When did the city serve as the official imperial examination centre?
A4: the Ming and Qing dynasties
Q5: What was the name of the examination centre?
A5: Jiangnan Examination Hall
Today, with a long cultural tradition and strong support from local educational institutions, Nanjing is commonly viewed as a “city of culture” and one of the more pleasant cities to live in China.

Q1: How is Nanjing seen, from a cultural perspective?
A1: as a “city of culture”
Q2: Who provides strong support to Nanjing?
A2: local educational institutions
Q3: What city is considered one of the more pleasant cities to live in, by the Chinese?
A3: Nanjing
Q4: Does Nanjing have a long or short tradition of culture?
A4: a long cultural tradition
Some of the leading art groups of China are based in Nanjing; they include the Qianxian Dance Company, Nanjing Dance Company, Jiangsu Peking Opera Institute and Nanjing Xiaohonghua Art Company among others.

Q1: Where do some of the country's most prominent art groups call home?
A1: Nanjing
Q2: Which opera company is based in Nanjing?
A2: Jiangsu Peking Opera Institute
Q3: What art company is based in Nanjing?
A3: Nanjing Xiaohonghua Art Company
Q4: Name two dance groups that are based in Nanjing:
A4: the Qianxian Dance Company, Nanjing Dance Company
Jiangsu Province Kun Opera is one of the best theatres for Kunqu, China's oldest stage art. It is considered a conservative and traditional troupe. Nanjing also has professional opera troupes for the Yang, Yue (shaoxing), Xi and Jing (Chinese opera varieties) as well as Suzhou pingtan, spoken theatre and puppet theatre.

Q1: What is the name of China's oldest stage art?
A1: Kunqu
Q2: What is one of the best theatres for Kunqu?
A2: Jiangsu Province Kun Opera
Q3: What type of troupe is Jiangsu Province Kun Opera considered to be?
A3: a conservative and traditional troupe
Q4: What other types of operas are performed in Nanjing?
A4: Yang, Yue (shaoxing), Xi and Jing
Q5: What other types of theater performance are seen in Nanjing?
A5: Suzhou pingtan, spoken theatre and puppet theatre
Jiangsu Art Gallery is the largest gallery in Jiangsu Province, presenting some of the best traditional and contemporary art pieces of China; many other smaller-scale galleries, such as Red Chamber Art Garden and Jinling Stone Gallery, also have their own special exhibitions.

Q1: What is the name of the largest art gallery in Jiangsu Province?
A1: Jiangsu Art Gallery
Q2: What type of art does Jiangsu Art Gallery contain?
A2: traditional and contemporary art pieces of China
Q3: What are two smaller galleries in Nanjing?
A3: Red Chamber Art Garden and Jinling Stone Gallery
Q4: What type of exhibitions do Red Chamber Art Garden and Jinling Stone Gallery show?
A4: their own special exhibitions
Many traditional festivals and customs were observed in the old times, which included climbing the City Wall on January 16, bathing in Qing Xi on March 3, hill hiking on September 9 and others (the dates are in Chinese lunar calendar). Almost none of them, however, are still celebrated by modern Nanjingese.

Q1: When was the festival of climbing on the city wall celebrated?
A1: January 16
Q2: On March 3, what festival was celebrated in ancient times?
A2: bathing in Qing Xi
Q3: What did citizens used to do on September 9?
A3: hill hiking
Q4: Where can one find the dates of more old festivals?
A4: Chinese lunar calendar
Q5: How many of these old festivals are still celebrated by residents of Nanjing?
A5: Almost none of them
Instead, Nanjing, as a popular tourist destination, hosts a series of government-organised events throughout the year. The annual International Plum Blossom Festival held in Plum Blossom Hill, the largest plum collection in China, attracts thousands of tourists both domestically and internationally. Other events include Nanjing Baima Peach Blossom and Kite Festival, Jiangxin Zhou Fruit Festival and Linggu Temple Sweet Osmanthus Festival.

Q1: What city is considered to be a place that is popular with tourists?
A1: Nanjing
Q2: Rather than host the old festivals, what type of events does Nanjing host each year?
A2: a series of government-organised events
Q3: What area holds the largest collection of plum blossoms in all of China?
A3: Plum Blossom Hill
Q4: Where do the tourists for the Plum Blossom Festival come from?
A4: domestically and internationally
Q5: What festival involves kites and fruit trees?
A5: Nanjing Baima Peach Blossom and Kite Festival
Nanjing Library, founded in 1907, houses more than 10 million volumes of printed materials and is the third largest library in China, after the National Library in Beijing and Shanghai Library. Other libraries, such as city-owned Jinling Library and various district libraries, also provide considerable amount of information to citizens. Nanjing University Library is the second largest university libraries in China after Peking University Library, and the fifth largest nationwide, especially in the number of precious collections.

Q1: When was the Nanjing Library completed?
A1: 1907
Q2: What is the Nanjing Library's ranking in China?
A2: the third largest library in China
Q3: How many volumes does the Nanjing Library have?
A3: more than 10 million volumes
Q4: What is the name of the fifth largest library in China?
A4: Nanjing University Library
Q5: Which university library is larger than Nanjing University Library?
A5: Peking University Library
Nanjing has some of the oldest and finest museums in China. Nanjing Museum, formerly known as National Central Museum during ROC period, is the first modern museum and remains as one of the leading museums in China having 400,000 items in its permanent collection,. The museum is notable for enormous collections of Ming and Qing imperial porcelain, which is among the largest in the world. Other museums include the City Museum of Nanjing in the Chaotian Palace, the Oriental Metropolitan Museum, the China Modern History Museum in the Presidential Palace, the Nanjing Massacre Memorial Hall, the Taiping Kingdom History Museum, Jiangning Imperial Silk Manufacturing Museum, Nanjing Yunjin Museum, Nanjing City Wall Cultural Museum, Nanjing Customs Museum in Ganxi House, Nanjing Astronomical History Museum, Nanjing Paleontological Museum, Nanjing Geological Museum, Nanjing Riverstones Museum, and other museums and memorials such Zheng He Memorial, Jinling Four Modern Calligraphers Memorial.

Q1: What city contains some of the finest and oldest museums in all of China?
A1: Nanjing
Q2: What is the previous name of the Nanjing Museum?
A2: National Central Museum
Q3: Which museum was the first modern one in China?
A3: Nanjing Museum
Q4: What collections are the Nanjing Museum famous for?
A4: Ming and Qing imperial porcelain
Q5: How many items does the Nanjing Museum contain?
A5: 400,000 items
Most of Nanjing's major theatres are multi-purpose, used as convention halls, cinemas, musical halls and theatres on different occasions. The major theatres include the People's Convention Hall and the Nanjing Arts and Culture Center. The Capital Theatre well known in the past is now a museum in theatre/film.

Q1: What can most of Nanjing's multi-purpose theatres be used for?
A1: convention halls, cinemas, musical halls and theatres
Q2: What are the two most prominent theatres in Nanjing?
A2: the People's Convention Hall and the Nanjing Arts and Culture Center
Q3: What is the current purpose of The Capital Theatre?
A3: a museum in theatre/film
Q4: What was the popularity of The Capital Theater, in the past?
A4: well known
Traditionally Nanjing's nightlife was mostly centered around Nanjing Fuzimiao (Confucius Temple) area along the Qinhuai River, where night markets, restaurants and pubs thrived. Boating at night in the river was a main attraction of the city. Thus, one can see the statues of the famous teachers and educators of the past not too far from those of the courtesans who educated the young men in the other arts.

Q1: Where have Nanjing's after-hours activities typically been located?
A1: around Nanjing Fuzimiao (Confucius Temple) area along the Qinhuai River
Q2: What three things were popular in the Nanjing Fuzimiao area?
A2: night markets, restaurants and pubs
Q3: What was a major night attraction for Nanjing?
A3: Boating at night in the river
Q4: What statues are near the ones of teachers and educators?
A4: courtesans
Q5: What is another name for Nanjing Fuzimiao?
A5: Confucius Temple
In the past 20 years, several commercial streets have been developed, hence the nightlife has become more diverse: there are shopping malls opening late in the Xinjiekou CBD and Hunan Road. The well-established "Nanjing 1912" district hosts a wide variety of recreational facilities ranging from traditional restaurants and western pubs to dance clubs. There are two major areas where bars are densely located; one is in 1912 block; the other is along Shanghai road and its neighbourhood. Both are popular with international residents of the city.

Q1: When did more commercial streets become built in Nanjing?
A1: In the past 20 years
Q2: What has happened as the result of more commercial streets in Nanjing?
A2: the nightlife has become more diverse
Q3: What area has lots of types of recreational outlets?
A3: "Nanjing 1912"
Q4: Other than at "Nanjing 1912", where else are there a lot of bars?
A4: along Shanghai road and its neighbourhood
Q5: The two areas with a lot of bars are popular with whom?
A5: international residents of the city