romikgosai/squad_modified_2 huggingface dataset:
"Hanover" is the traditional English spelling. The German spelling (with a double n) is becoming more popular in English; recent editions of encyclopedias prefer the German spelling, and the local government uses the German spelling on English websites. The English pronunciation /ˈhænəvər/, with stress on the first syllable and a reduced second syllable, is applied to both the German and English spellings, which is different from German pronunciation [haˈnoːfɐ], with stress on the second syllable and a long second vowel. The traditional English spelling is still used in historical contexts, especially when referring to the British House of Hanover.

Q1: What does the German spelling of Hanover have that English does not?
A1: a double n
Q2: Which version of the spelling of Hanover does the local Government use on English websites?
A2: German
Q3: Which syllable does the English spoken version of Hanover stress?
A3: first
Q4: Which syllable does the German pronunciation of Hanover stress?
A4: second
Q5: Which spelling of Hanover is used in historical contexts?
A5: traditional English spelling
After 1937 the Lord Mayor and the state commissioners of Hanover were members of the NSDAP (Nazi party). A large Jewish population then existed in Hanover. In October 1938, 484 Hanoverian Jews of Polish origin were expelled to Poland, including the Grynszpan family. However, Poland refused to accept them, leaving them stranded at the border with thousands of other Polish-Jewish deportees, fed only intermittently by the Polish Red Cross and Jewish welfare organisations. The Gryszpan's son Herschel Grynszpan was in Paris at the time. When he learned of what was happening, he drove to the German embassy in Paris and shot the German diplomat Eduard Ernst vom Rath, who died shortly afterwards.

Q1: What does the NSDAP stand for?
A1: Nazi party
Q2: After which year did the Lord Mayor join the NSDAP?
A2: 1937
Q3: How many Hanoverian Jews were expelled in 1938?
A3: 484
Q4: Who assassinated the German diplomat Eduard Ernst vom Rath?
A4: Herschel Grynszpan
Q5: Which city was the German diplomat in when he got assassinated?
A5: Paris
The Great Garden is an important European baroque garden. The palace itself, however, was largely destroyed by Allied bombing but is currently under reconstruction.[citation needed] Some points of interest are the Grotto (the interior was designed by the French artist Niki de Saint-Phalle), the Gallery Building, the Orangerie and the two pavilions by Remy de la Fosse. The Great Garden consists of several parts. The most popular ones are the Great Ground and the Nouveau Jardin. At the centre of the Nouveau Jardin is Europe's highest garden fountain. The historic Garden Theatre inter alia hosted the musicals of the German rock musician Heinz Rudolf Kunze.[citation needed]

Q1: What kind of garden is The Great Garden?
A1: European baroque garden
Q2: What destroyed the palace?
A2: Allied bombing
Q3: Who constructed the two pavilions in the palace?
A3: Remy de la Fosse
Q4: Other than the Nouveau Jardin, what is the other popular part of The Great Garden?
A4: Great Ground
Q5: What is at the centre of the Nouveau Jardin?
A5: Europe's highest garden fountain
Some other popular sights are the Waterloo Column, the Laves House, the Wangenheim Palace, the Lower Saxony State Archives, the Hanover Playhouse, the Kröpcke Clock, the Anzeiger Tower Block, the Administration Building of the NORD/LB, the Cupola Hall of the Congress Centre, the Lower Saxony Stock, the Ministry of Finance, the Garten Church, the Luther Church, the Gehry Tower (designed by the American architect Frank O. Gehry), the specially designed Bus Stops, the Opera House, the Central Station, the Maschsee lake and the city forest Eilenriede, which is one of the largest of its kind in Europe. With around 40 parks, forests and gardens, a couple of lakes, two rivers and one canal, Hanover offers a large variety of leisure activities.

Q1: Who designed the Gehry Tower?
A1: Frank O. Gehry
Q2: What is notable about the city forest Eilenriede?
A2: one of the largest of its kind in Europe
Q3: What nationality was the architect of the Gehry Tower?
A3: American
Q4: How many parks are there approximately in Hanover?
A4: 40
Q5: How many rivers run through Hanover?
A5: two
But Hanover is not only one of the most important Exhibition Cities in the world, it is also one of the German capitals for marksmen. The Schützenfest Hannover is the largest Marksmen's Fun Fair in the world and takes place once a year (late June to early July) (2014 - July 4th to the 13th). It consists of more than 260 rides and inns, five large beer tents and a big entertainment programme. The highlight of this fun fair is the 12 kilometres (7 mi) long Parade of the Marksmen with more than 12.000 participants from all over the world, among them around 5.000 marksmen, 128 bands and more than 70 wagons, carriages and big festival vehicles. It is the longest procession in Europe. Around 2 million people visit this fun fair every year. The landmark of this Fun Fair is the biggest transportable Ferris Wheel in the world (60 m or 197 ft high). The origins of this fun fair is located in the year 1529.

Q1: What is Hanover a German capital for?
A1: marksmen
Q2: What is the name of the largest Marksmen's Fun Fair in the world?
A2: Schützenfest Hannover
Q3: How many rides and inns does the fair have?
A3: more than 260
Q4: How many participants are int he Parade of the Marksmen?
A4: 12.000
Q5: What year can the festival be traced back to?
A5: 1529
The Schnellweg (en: expressway) system, a number of Bundesstraße roads, forms a structure loosely resembling a large ring road together with A2 and A7. The roads are B 3, B 6 and B 65, called Westschnellweg (B6 on the northern part, B3 on the southern part), Messeschnellweg (B3, becomes A37 near Burgdorf, crosses A2, becomes B3 again, changes to B6 at Seelhorster Kreuz, then passes the Hanover fairground as B6 and becomes A37 again before merging into A7) and Südschnellweg (starts out as B65, becomes B3/B6/B65 upon crossing Westschnellweg, then becomes B65 again at Seelhorster Kreuz).

Q1: What is a Schnellweg?
A1: expressway
Q2: What structure does the Schnellweg and a number of roads roughly form?
A2: a large ring road
Q3: When does the Messeschnellweg change to the B6?
A3: Seelhorster Kreuz
Q4: What road does the Messeschnellweg pass the Hanover fairground as?
A4: B6
Q5: What road does the Südschnellweg start out as?
A5: B65
In 1837, the personal union of the United Kingdom and Hanover ended because William IV's heir in the United Kingdom was female (Queen Victoria). Hanover could be inherited only by male heirs. Thus, Hanover passed to William IV's brother, Ernest Augustus, and remained a kingdom until 1866, when it was annexed by Prussia during the Austro-Prussian war. Despite being expected to defeat Prussia at the Battle of Langensalza, Prussia employed Moltke the Elder's Kesselschlacht order of battle to instead destroy the Hanoverian army. The city of Hanover became the capital of the Prussian Province of Hanover. After the annexation, the people of Hanover generally opposed the Prussian government.

Q1: What ended in the year 1837?
A1: the personal union of the United Kingdom and Hanover
Q2: What was the name of William IV's heir?
A2: Queen Victoria
Q3: Who did the throne of Hanover pass to instead of Queen Victoria?
A3: Ernest Augustus
Q4: What happened to the kingdom of Hanover in 1866?
A4: annexed by Prussia
Q5: In which battle was the Hanover army destroyed?
A5: Battle of Langensalza
In September 1941, through the "Action Lauterbacher" plan, a ghettoisation of the remaining Hanoverian Jewish families began. Even before the Wannsee Conference, on 15 December 1941, the first Jews from Hanover were deported to Riga. A total of 2,400 people were deported, and very few survived. During the war seven concentration camps were constructed in Hanover, in which many Jews were confined. Of the approximately 4,800 Jews who had lived in Hannover in 1938, fewer than 100 were still in the city when troops of the United States Army arrived on 10 April 1945 to occupy Hanover at the end of the war.[citation needed] Today, a memorial at the Opera Square is a reminder of the persecution of the Jews in Hanover. After the war a large group of Orthodox Jewish survivors of the nearby Bergen-Belsen concentration camp settled in Hanover.

Q1: What plan was implemented in September 1941?
A1: Action Lauterbacher
Q2: Which portion of the population underwent ghettoisation?
A2: Hanoverian Jewish families
Q3: What occured on the 15th of December 1941?
A3: Wannsee Conference
Q4: How many Jews approximately lived in Hanover in 1938?
A4: 4,800
Q5: How many concentration camps were constructed in Hanover?
A5: seven
Hanover was founded in medieval times on the east bank of the River Leine. Its original name Honovere may mean "high (river)bank", though this is debated (cf. das Hohe Ufer). Hanover was a small village of ferrymen and fishermen that became a comparatively large town in the 13th century due to its position at a natural crossroads. As overland travel was relatively difficult, its position on the upper navigable reaches of the river helped it to grow by increasing trade. It was connected to the Hanseatic League city of Bremen by the Leine, and was situated near the southern edge of the wide North German Plain and north-west of the Harz mountains, so that east-west traffic such as mule trains passed through it. Hanover was thus a gateway to the Rhine, Ruhr and Saar river valleys, their industrial areas which grew up to the southwest and the plains regions to the east and north, for overland traffic skirting the Harz between the Low Countries and Saxony or Thuringia.

Q1: Where was Hanover originally founded?
A1: east bank of the River Leine
Q2: What did Hanover possibly originally mean?
A2: "high (river)bank"
Q3: When did Hanover become a comparitvely large town?
A3: 13th century
Q4: Which city was Hanover connected to by the Leine?
A4: Hanseatic League city of Bremen
Q5: What is one example of traffic that passed through Hanover?
A5: mule trains
After Napoleon imposed the Convention of Artlenburg (Convention of the Elbe) on July 5, 1803, about 30,000 French soldiers occupied Hanover. The Convention also required disbanding the army of Hanover. However, George III did not recognize the Convention of the Elbe. This resulted in a great number of soldiers from Hanover eventually emigrating to Great Britain, where the King's German Legion was formed. It was the only German army to fight against France throughout the entire Napoleonic wars. The Legion later played an important role in the Battle of Waterloo in 1815. The Congress of Vienna in 1815 elevated the electorate to the Kingdom of Hanover. The capital town Hanover expanded to the western bank of the Leine and since then has grown considerably.

Q1: Who imposed the Convention of Artlenburg?
A1: Napoleon
Q2: How many French soldiers occupied Hanover?
A2: 30,000
Q3: Where did many soldiers from Hanover emigrate to?
A3: Great Britain
Q4: What did the soldiers who emigrated form?
A4: King's German Legion
Q5: Who elevated Hanover to the Kingdom of Hanover in 1815?
A5: The Congress of Vienna
The Berggarten is an important European botanical garden.[citation needed] Some points of interest are the Tropical House, the Cactus House, the Canary House and the Orchid House, which hosts one of the world's biggest collection of orchids, and free-flying birds and butterflies. Near the entrance to the Berggarten is the historic Library Pavillon. The Mausoleum of the Guelphs is also located in the Berggarten. Like the Great Garden, the Berggarten also consists of several parts, for example the Paradies and the Prairie Garden. There is also the Sea Life Centre Hanover, which is the first tropical aquarium in Germany.[citation needed]

Q1: What is the Berggarten?
A1: European botanical garden
Q2: What is the name of the area inside the Berggarten that hosts one of the world's biggest collection of orchids?
A2: Orchid House
Q3: What historic landmark is near the entrance to the Berggarten?
A3: Library Pavillon
Q4: What is the name of the first tropical aquarium in Germany?
A4: Sea Life Centre Hanover
Q5: Other than orchids and birds, what else is housed in the Orchid House?
A5: butterflies
Various industrial businesses are located in Hannover. The Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles Transporter (VWN) factory at Hannover-Stöcken is the biggest employer in the region and operates a huge plant at the northern edge of town adjoining the Mittellandkanal and Motorway A2. Jointly with a factory of German tire and automobile parts manufacturer Continental AG, they have a coal-burning power plant. Continental AG, founded in Hanover in 1871, is one of the city's major companies, as is Sennheiser. Since 2008 a take-over is in progress: the Schaeffler Group from Herzogenaurach (Bavaria) holds the majority of the stock but were required due to the financial crisis to deposit the options as securities at banks. TUI AG has its HQ in Hanover. Hanover is home to many insurance companies, many of which operate only in Germany. One major global reinsurance company is Hannover Re, whose headquarters are east of the city centre.

Q1: What does VWN stand for?
A1: Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles Transporter
Q2: What part of town is the plant owned by VWN located in?
A2: northern edge of town
Q3: Which company was founded in Hanover in 1871?
A3: Continental AG
Q4: Where does TUI AG host their headquarters?
A4: Hanover
Q5: Which major global reinsurance company has their headquarters east of the city center?
A5: Hannover Re
Around 40 theatres are located in Hanover. The Opera House, the Schauspielhaus (Play House), the Ballhofeins, the Ballhofzwei and the Cumberlandsche Galerie belong to the Lower Saxony State Theatre. The Theater am Aegi is Hanover's big theatre for musicals, shows and guest performances. The Neues Theater (New Theatre) is the Boulevard Theatre of Hanover. The Theater für Niedersachsen is another big theatre in Hanover, which also has an own Musical-Company. Some of the most important Musical-Productions are the rock musicals of the German rock musician Heinz Rudolph Kunze, which take place at the Garden-Theatre in the Great Garden.

Q1: How many theaters approximately are located in Hanover?
A1: 40
Q2: What is the Schauspielhaus in English?
A2: Play House
Q3: Who does the Cumberlandsche Galerie belong to?
A3: Lower Saxony State Theatre
Q4: Which theatre is Hanover's big theatre for musicals, shows and guest performances?
A4: Theater am Aegi
Q5: Which theater has it's own musical company?
A5: Theater für Niedersachsen
Hannover 96 (nickname Die Roten or 'The Reds') is the top local football team that plays in the Bundesliga top division. Home games are played at the HDI-Arena, which hosted matches in the 1974 and 2006 World Cups and the Euro 1988. Their reserve team Hannover 96 II plays in the fourth league. Their home games were played in the traditional Eilenriedestadium till they moved to the HDI Arena due to DFL directives. Arminia Hannover is another very traditional soccer team in Hanover that has played in the first league for years and plays now in the Niedersachsen-West Liga (Lower Saxony League West). Home matches are played in the Rudolf-Kalweit-Stadium.

Q1: Who does the nicname "Die Roten" belong to?
A1: Hannover 96
Q2: What is another name for the top football division?
A2: Bundesliga
Q3: What is the name of the stadium that the Hanover football team plays in?
A3: HDI-Arena
Q4: Where did the reserve team for the main Hanover team used to play?
A4: Eilenriedestadium
Q5: Which league does the reserve team Hanover 96 II play in?
A5: fourth league
With a population of 518,000, Hanover is a major centre of Northern Germany and the country's thirteenth largest city. Hanover also hosts annual commercial trade fairs such as the Hanover Fair and the CeBIT. Every year Hanover hosts the Schützenfest Hannover, the world's largest marksmen's festival, and the Oktoberfest Hannover, the second largest Oktoberfest in the world (beside Oktoberfest of Blumenau). In 2000, Hanover hosted the world fair Expo 2000. The Hanover fairground, due to numerous extensions, especially for the Expo 2000, is the largest in the world. Hanover is of national importance because of its universities and medical school, its international airport and its large zoo. The city is also a major crossing point of railway lines and highways (Autobahnen), connecting European main lines in both the east-west (Berlin–Ruhr area) and north-south (Hamburg–Munich, etc.) directions.

Q1: What is Hanover's population?
A1: 518,000
Q2: What is Hanover's ranking in terms of size in Germany?
A2: thirteenth largest
Q3: What is the largest Oktoberfest in the world?
A3: Oktoberfest of Blumenau
Q4: In which year did Hanover host the Expo?
A4: 2000
Q5: What is "highways" in German?
A5: Autobahnen
Another point of interest is the Old Town. In the centre are the large Marktkirche (Church St. Georgii et Jacobi, preaching venue of the bishop of the Lutheran Landeskirche Hannovers) and the Old Town Hall. Nearby are the Leibniz House, the Nolte House, and the Beguine Tower. A very nice quarter of the Old Town is the Kreuz-Church-Quarter around the Kreuz Church with many nice little lanes. Nearby is the old royal sports hall, now called the Ballhof theatre. On the edge of the Old Town are the Market Hall, the Leine Palace, and the ruin of the Aegidien Church which is now a monument to the victims of war and violence. Through the Marstall Gate you arrive at the bank of the river Leine, where the world-famous Nanas of Niki de Saint-Phalle are located. They are part of the Mile of Sculptures, which starts from Trammplatz, leads along the river bank, crosses Königsworther Square, and ends at the entrance of the Georgengarten. Near the Old Town is the district of Calenberger Neustadt where the Catholic Basilica Minor of St. Clemens, the Reformed Church and the Lutheran Neustädter Hof- und Stadtkirche St. Johannis are located.

Q1: Where are the large Martkirche located?
A1: Old Town
Q2: What is the old royal sports hall now called?
A2: Ballhof theatre
Q3: What is the name of the momument to the victims of war and violence?
A3: Aegidien Church
Q4: What world famous landmark is located on the bank of the Leine?
A4: Nanas of Niki de Saint-Phalle
Q5: Where does the Mile of Sculptures start?
A5: Trammplatz
A cabinet of coins is the Münzkabinett der TUI-AG. The Polizeigeschichtliche Sammlung Niedersachsen is the largest police museum in Germany. Textiles from all over the world can be visited in the Museum for textile art. The EXPOseeum is the museum of the world-exhibition "EXPO 2000 Hannover". Carpets and objects from the orient can be visited in the Oriental Carpet Museum. The Blind Man Museum is a rarity in Germany, another one is only in Berlin. The Museum of veterinary medicine is unique in Germany. The Museum for Energy History describes the 150 years old history of the application of energy. The Home Museum Ahlem shows the history of the district of Ahlem. The Mahn- und Gedenkstätte Ahlem describes the history of the Jewish people in Hanover and the Stiftung Ahlers Pro Arte / Kestner Pro Arte shows modern art. Modern art is also the main topic of the Kunsthalle Faust, the Nord/LB Art Gellery and of the Foro Artistico / Eisfabrik.

Q1: What is the Münzkabinett der TUI-AG?
A1: A cabinet of coins
Q2: What is the name of the largest police museum in Germany?
A2: Polizeigeschichtliche Sammlung Niedersachsen
Q3: Where can you find carpets and objects from the orient?
A3: Oriental Carpet Museum
Q4: Other than in Hanover, where else can you find a Blind Man Museum?
A4: Berlin
Q5: What is the main topic of the Kunsthalle Faust?
A5: Modern art
Emotions are complex. According to some theories, they are a state of feeling that results in physical and psychological changes that influence our behavior. The physiology of emotion is closely linked to arousal of the nervous system with various states and strengths of arousal relating, apparently, to particular emotions. Emotion is also linked to behavioral tendency. Extroverted people are more likely to be social and express their emotions, while introverted people are more likely to be more socially withdrawn and conceal their emotions. Emotion is often the driving force behind motivation, positive or negative. Definition has been described as is a "positive or negative experience that is associated with a particular pattern of physiological activity." According to other theories, emotions are not causal forces but simply syndromes of components, which might include motivation, feeling, behavior, and physiological changes, but no one of these components is the emotion. Nor is the emotion an entity that causes these components

Q1: What system of the body is related to emotion's physiology?
A1: nervous
Q2: What sorts of people are more likely to be emotionally expressive?
A2: Extroverted
Q3: What type of people hide their emotions?
A3: introverted
Q4: What is emotion frequently responsible for driving?
A4: motivation
Q5: Along with physical changes, what sort of changes do emotions sometimes cause?
A5: psychological
Robert Plutchik agreed with Ekman's biologically driven perspective but developed the "wheel of emotions", suggesting eight primary emotions grouped on a positive or negative basis: joy versus sadness; anger versus fear; trust versus disgust; and surprise versus anticipation. Some basic emotions can be modified to form complex emotions. The complex emotions could arise from cultural conditioning or association combined with the basic emotions. Alternatively, similar to the way primary colors combine, primary emotions could blend to form the full spectrum of human emotional experience. For example, interpersonal anger and disgust could blend to form contempt. Relationships exist between basic emotions, resulting in positive or negative influences.

Q1: What is the name of the theory Plutchik created?
A1: wheel of emotions
Q2: How many main emotions exist in Plutchik's theory?
A2: eight
Q3: In Plutchik's theory, what emotion is the opposite of anticipation?
A3: surprise
Q4: What emotion can be perceived as a combination of disgust and anger?
A4: contempt
Q5: What does Plutchik see as the positive equivalent of disgust?
A5: trust
Perspectives on emotions from evolutionary theory were initiated in the late 19th century with Charles Darwin's book The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals. Darwin argued that emotions actually served a purpose for humans, in communication and also in aiding their survival. Darwin, therefore, argued that emotions evolved via natural selection and therefore have universal cross-cultural counterparts. Darwin also detailed the virtues of experiencing emotions and the parallel experiences that occur in animals. This led the way for animal research on emotions and the eventual determination of the neural underpinnings of emotion.

Q1: What was the name of the book that Darwin wrote on emotions?
A1: The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals
Q2: Along with survival, what did Darwin see as the role of emotions in humans?
A2: communication
Q3: Through what process did Darwin believe emotions developed?
A3: natural selection
Q4: In what century did Darwin write?
A4: 19th