romikgosai/squad_modified_2 huggingface dataset:
Nishimura's force consisted of two battleships, one cruiser and four destroyers. Because they were observing radio silence, Nishimura was unable to synchronize with Shima and Kurita. Nishimura and Shima had failed to even coordinate their plans before the attacks – they were long-time rivals and neither wished to have anything to do with the other. When he entered the narrow Surigao Strait at about 02:00, Shima was 22 miles (40 km) behind him, and Kurita was still in the Sibuyan Sea, several hours from the beaches at Leyte. As they passed Panaon Island, Nishimura's force ran into a trap set for them by the U.S.-Australian 7th Fleet Support Force. R. Adm. Jesse Oldendorf had six battleships, four heavy cruisers, four light cruisers, 29 destroyers and 39 PT boats. To pass the strait and reach the landings, Nishimura had to run the gauntlet. At about 03:00 the Japanese battleship Fusō and three destroyers were hit by torpedoes and Fusō broke in two. At 03:50 the U.S. battleships opened fire. Radar fire control meant they could hit targets from a much greater distance than the Japanese. The battleship Yamashiro, a cruiser and a destroyer were crippled by 16-inch (406 mm) shells; Yamashiro sank at 04:19. Only one of Nishimura's force of seven ships survived the engagement. At 04:25 Shima's force of two cruisers and eight destroyers reached the battle. Seeing Fusō and believing her to be the wrecks of two battleships, Shima ordered a retreat, ending the last battleship-vs-battleship action in history.

Q1: How many battleships were in Nishimura's force?
A1: two
Q2: Which Japanese admiral was a  rival of Nishimura?
A2: Shima
Q3: How many miles was Shima's fleet behind Nishimura?
A3: 22
Q4: Who set the trap for the Japanese forces as they sailed by Panaon Island?
A4: R. Adm. Jesse Oldendorf
Q5: How many battleships did the U.S.-Australian 7th Fleet have?
A5: six
Ozawa's "Northern Force" had four aircraft carriers, two obsolete battleships partly converted to carriers, three cruisers and nine destroyers. The carriers had only 108 planes. The force was not spotted by the Allies until 16:40 on 24 October. At 20:00 Toyoda ordered all remaining Japanese forces to attack. Halsey saw an opportunity to destroy the remnants of the Japanese carrier force. The U.S. Third Fleet was formidable – nine large carriers, eight light carriers, six battleships, 17 cruisers, 63 destroyers and 1,000 planes – and completely outgunned Ozawa's force. Halsey's ships set out in pursuit of Ozawa just after midnight. U.S. commanders ignored reports that Kurita had turned back towards San Bernardino Strait. They had taken the bait set by Ozawa. On the morning of 25 October Ozawa launched 75 planes. Most were shot down by U.S. fighter patrols. By 08:00 U.S. fighters had destroyed the screen of Japanese fighters and were hitting ships. By evening, they had sunk the carriers Zuikaku, Zuihō, and Chiyoda, and a destroyer. The fourth carrier, Chitose, and a cruiser were disabled and later sank.

Q1: When did the allies spot Ozawa's "Northern Force"?
A1: 16:40 on 24 October
Q2: How many aircraft carriers were in Ozawa's "Northern Force"?
A2: four
Q3: How many planes were in the U.S. 3rd Fleet?
A3: 1,000
Q4: How many cruisers were in the U.S. Third Fleet?
A4: 17
Q5: How many destroyers were in the U.S. Third Fleet?
A5: 63
Kurita passed through San Bernardino Strait at 03:00 on 25 October and headed along the coast of Samar. The only thing standing in his path were three groups (Taffy 1, 2 and 3) of the Seventh Fleet, commanded by Admiral Thomas Kinkaid. Each group had six escort carriers, with a total of more than 500 planes, and seven or eight destroyers or destroyer escorts (DE). Kinkaid still believed that Lee's force was guarding the north, so the Japanese had the element of surprise when they attacked Taffy 3 at 06:45. Kurita mistook the Taffy carriers for large fleet carriers and thought he had the whole Third Fleet in his sights. Since escort carriers stood little chance against a battleship, Adm. Clifton Sprague directed the carriers of Taffy 3 to turn and flee eastward, hoping that bad visibility would reduce the accuracy of Japanese gunfire, and used his destroyers to divert the Japanese battleships. The destroyers made harassing torpedo attacks against the Japanese. For ten minutes Yamato was caught up in evasive action. Two U.S. destroyers and a DE were sunk, but they had bought enough time for the Taffy groups to launch planes. Taffy 3 turned and fled south, with shells scoring hits on some of its carriers and sinking one of them. The superior speed of the Japanese force allowed it to draw closer and fire on the other two Taffy groups. However, at 09:20 Kurita suddenly turned and retreated north. Signals had disabused him of the notion that he was attacking the Third Fleet, and the longer Kurita continued to engage, the greater the risk of major air strikes. Destroyer attacks had broken the Japanese formations, shattering tactical control. Three of Kurita's heavy cruisers had been sunk and another was too damaged to continue the fight. The Japanese retreated through the San Bernardino Strait, under continuous air attack. The Battle of Leyte Gulf was over; and a large part of the Japanese surface fleet destroyed.

Q1: When did Kurita pass through the San Bernardino Strait?
A1: 03:00 on 25 October
Q2: Where did Kurit head after passing through the San Bernardino Strait?
A2: along the coast of Samar
Q3: Admiral Kincaid commanded what three groups of the Seventh Fleet?
A3: Taffy 1, 2 and 3
Q4: What broke the Japanes formations under Kurita?
A4: Destroyer attacks
Q5: How many of Kurita's heavy cruisers were sunk?
A5: Three
The battle secured the beachheads of the U.S. Sixth Army on Leyte against attack from the sea, broke the back of Japanese naval power and opened the way for an advance to the Ryukyu Islands in 1945. The only significant Japanese naval operation afterwards was the disastrous Operation Ten-Go in April 1945. Kurita's force had begun the battle with five battleships; when he returned to Japan, only Yamato was combat-worthy. Nishimura's sunken Yamashiro was the last battleship in history to engage another in combat.

Q1: What were the Leyte beachheads of the U.S. Sixth Army secured from?
A1: attack from the sea
Q2: When did Operation Ten-Go occur?
A2: April 1945
Q3: How many battleships did Kurita begin Operation Ten-Go with?
A3: five
Q4: What was the last battleship in history to engage in combat with another battleship?
A4: Yamashiro
Q5: Which battleship was still capable of combat when Kurita returned to Japan?
A5: Yamato
On 20 October 1944 the U.S. Sixth Army, supported by naval and air bombardment, landed on the favorable eastern shore of Leyte, north of Mindanao. The U.S. Sixth Army continued its advance from the east, as the Japanese rushed reinforcements to the Ormoc Bay area on the western side of the island. While the Sixth Army was reinforced successfully, the U.S. Fifth Air Force was able to devastate the Japanese attempts to resupply. In torrential rains and over difficult terrain, the advance continued across Leyte and the neighboring island of Samar to the north. On 7 December U.S. Army units landed at Ormoc Bay and, after a major land and air battle, cut off the Japanese ability to reinforce and supply Leyte. Although fierce fighting continued on Leyte for months, the U.S. Army was in control.

Q1: When did the U.S. Sixth Army land on the eastern shore of Leyte?
A1: 20 October 1944
Q2: Where did the Japanese rush reinforcments to on the western side of Leyte?
A2: Ormoc Bay area
Q3: What force devastated resupply attempts by the Japanese?
A3: U.S. Fifth Air Force
Q4: Fighting continued on Leyte for how long?
A4: months
Q5: What was the neighboring island to the north of Leyte.
A5: Samar
On 15 December 1944 landings against minimal resistance were made on the southern beaches of the island of Mindoro, a key location in the planned Lingayen Gulf operations, in support of major landings scheduled on Luzon. On 9 January 1945, on the south shore of Lingayen Gulf on the western coast of Luzon, General Krueger's Sixth Army landed his first units. Almost 175,000 men followed across the twenty-mile (32 km) beachhead within a few days. With heavy air support, Army units pushed inland, taking Clark Field, 40 miles (64 km) northwest of Manila, in the last week of January.

Q1: Landings were made on the beaches of what island on December 15, 1944?
A1: Mindoro
Q2: Lingayen Gulf operations supported what landings?
A2: Luzon
Q3: Who led the Sixth Army?
A3: General Krueger
Q4: Clark field was how many miles northwest of Manila?
A4: 40
Palawan Island, between Borneo and Mindoro, the fifth largest and western-most Philippine Island, was invaded on 28 February with landings of the Eighth Army at Puerto Princesa. The Japanese put up little direct defense of Palawan, but cleaning up pockets of Japanese resistance lasted until late April, as the Japanese used their common tactic of withdrawing into the mountain jungles, dispersed as small units. Throughout the Philippines, U.S. forces were aided by Filipino guerrillas to find and dispatch the holdouts.

Q1: What island was between Borneo and Mindoro?
A1: Palawan
Q2: What island was invaded by the Eighth Army on February 28?
A2: Palawan
Q3: Where did the Eighth Army land?
A3: Puerto Princesa
Q4: Who aided U.S. forces in finding Japanese holdouts in the Philippines?
A4: Filipino guerrillas
Q5: What is the western-most Philippine island?
A5: Palawan
The battle of Iwo Jima ("Operation Detachment") in February 1945 was one of the bloodiest battles fought by the Americans in the Pacific War. Iwo Jima was an 8 sq mile (21 km2) island situated halfway between Tokyo and the Mariana Islands. Holland Smith, the commander of the invasion force, aimed to capture the island, and utilize its three airfields as bases to carry out air attacks against the Home Islands. Lt. General Tadamichi Kuribayashi, the commander of the island's defense, knew that he could not win the battle, but he hoped to make the Americans suffer far more than they could endure.

Q1: What was "Operation Detachment"?
A1: battle of Iwo Jima
Q2: When did "Operation Detachment" occur?
A2: February 1945
Q3: How many square miles is the island of Iwo Jima?
A3: 8
Q4: Iwo Jima is halfway between the Mariana Islands and what city?
A4: Tokyo
Q5: How many airfields were on Iwo Jima?
A5: three
From early 1944 until the days leading up to the invasion, Kuribayashi transformed the island into a massive network of bunkers, hidden guns, and 11 mi (18 km) of underground tunnels. The heavy American naval and air bombardment did little but drive the Japanese further underground, making their positions impervious to enemy fire. Their pillboxes and bunkers were all connected so that if one was knocked out, it could be reoccupied again. The network of bunkers and pillboxes greatly favored the defender.

Q1: How many miles of hidden tunnel were on the island?
A1: 11
Q2: What were the pillboxes and bunkers connected by?
A2: underground tunnels
Q3: Who transformed the island into a fortress?
A3: Kuribayashi
Q4: Who did the network of fortifications on the island favor?
A4: the defender
Starting in mid-June 1944, Iwo Jima came under sustained aerial bombardment and naval artillery fire. However, Kuribayashi's hidden guns and defenses survived the constant bombardment virtually unscathed. On 19 February 1945, some 30,000 men of the 3rd, 4th, and 5th Marine Divisions landed on the southeast coast of Iwo, just under Mount Suribachi; where most of the island's defenses were concentrated. For some time, they did not come under fire. This was part of Kuribayashi's plan to hold fire until the landing beaches were full. As soon as the Marines pushed inland to a line of enemy bunkers, they came under devastating machine gun and artillery fire which cut down many of the men. By the end of the day, the Marines reached the west coast of the island, but their losses were appalling; almost 2,000 men killed or wounded.

Q1: When did Iwo Jima come under bombardment?
A1: mid-June 1944
Q2: How many men landed on Iwo Jima on February 19, 1945?
A2: some 30,000
Q3: What was the name of the mountain on Iwo Jima?
A3: Mount Suribachi
Q4: How many U.S. Marines were killed by the time thhey reached the west coast of the island?
A4: almost 2,000
On 23 February, the 28th Marine Regiment reached the summit of Suribachi, prompting the now famous Raising the Flag on Iwo Jima picture. Navy Secretary James Forrestal, upon seeing the flag, remarked "there will be a Marine Corps for the next 500 years." The flag raising is often cited as the most reproduced photograph of all time and became the archetypal representation not only of that battle, but of the entire Pacific War. For the rest of February, the Americans pushed north, and by 1 March, had taken two-thirds of the island. But it was not until 26 March that the island was finally secured. The Japanese fought to the last man, killing 6,800 Marines and wounding nearly 20,000 more. The Japanese losses totaled well over 20,000 men killed, and only 1,083 prisoners were taken. Historians debate whether it was strategically worth the casualties sustained.

Q1: What marine regiment reached the summit of Mount Suribachi?
A1: 28th
Q2: When was the summit of Mount Suribachi reached by U.S. marines?
A2: 23 February
Q3: Who said "there will be a Marine Corps for the next 500 years"?
A3: Navy Secretary James Forrestal
Q4: When was the island of Iwo Jima secured by the Americans?
A4: 26 March
Q5: How many Japanese prisoners were taken on Iwo Jima?
A5: 1,083
During April, Fourteenth Army advanced 300 miles (480 km) south towards Rangoon, the capital and principal port of Burma, but was delayed by Japanese rearguards 40 miles (64 km) north of Rangoon at the end of the month. Slim feared that the Japanese would defend Rangoon house-to-house during the monsoon, placing his army in a disastrous supply situation, and in March he had asked that a plan to capture Rangoon by an amphibious force, Operation Dracula, which had been abandoned earlier, be reinstated. Dracula was launched on 1 May, but Rangoon was found to have been abandoned. The troops which occupied Rangoon linked up with Fourteenth Army five days later, securing the Allies' lines of communication.

Q1: What was the capital of Burma?
A1: Rangoon
Q2: What was the principle port of Burma?
A2: Rangoon
Q3: When was Operation Dracula launched?
A3: 1 May
Q4: What force was delayed by Japanese rearguards north of Rangoon?
A4: Fourteenth Army
Q5: What month was a delay caused by Japanese rearguards north of Rangoon?
A5: April
Although the campaign was criticized in Australia at the time, and in subsequent years, as pointless or a "waste" of the lives of soldiers, it did achieve a number of objectives, such as increasing the isolation of significant Japanese forces occupying the main part of the Dutch East Indies, capturing major oil supplies and freeing Allied prisoners of war, who were being held in deteriorating conditions. At one of the very worst sites, around Sandakan in Borneo, only six of some 2,500 British and Australian prisoners survived.

Q1: How many British and Australian prisoners survived out of about 2500 around Sandakan?
A1: six
Q2: Sandakan was located in what providence?
A2: Borneo
By April 1945, China had already been at war with Japan for more than seven years. Both nations were exhausted by years of battles, bombings and blockades. After Japanese victories in Operation Ichi-Go, Japan were losing the battle in Burma and facing constant attacks from Chinese Nationalists forces and Communist guerrillas in the country side. The Japanese army began preparations for the Battle of West Hunan in March 1945. Japanese mobilized 34th, 47th, 64th, 68th and 116th Divisions, as well as the 86th Independent Brigade, for a total of 80,000 men to seize Chinese airfields and secure railroads in West Hunan by early April. In response, the Chinese National Military Council dispatched the 4th Front Army and the 10th and 27th Army Groups with He Yingqin as commander-in-chief. At the same time, it airlifted the entire Chinese New 6th Corps, an American-equipped corps and veterans of the Burma Expeditionary Force, from Kunming to Zhijiang. Chinese forces totaled 110,000 men in 20 divisions. They were supported by about 400 aircraft from Chinese and American air forces. Chinese forces achieved a decisive victory and launched a large counterattack in this campaign. Concurrently, the Chinese managed to repel a Japanese offensive in Henan and Hubei. Afterwards, Chinese forces retook Hunan and Hubei provinces in South China. Chinese launched a counter offensive to retake Guangxi which was the last major Japanese stronghold in South China. In August 1945, Chinese forces successfully retook Guangxi.[citation needed]

Q1: In 1945, how many years had Japan already been at war with China?
A1: seven
Q2: What battle did the Japanese Army begin to prepare for in March 1945?
A2: Battle of West Hunan
Q3: How many Japanese soldiers were mobilized to capture the Chinese airfields and railroads in West Hunan?
A3: 80,000
Q4: Who was the Chinese commander-in-chief of the 10th and 27th Army Groups?
A4: He Yingqin
Q5: When did Chinese forces retake Guangxi?
A5: August 1945
The largest and bloodiest American battle came at Okinawa, as the U.S. sought airbases for 3,000 B-29 bombers and 240 squadrons of B-17 bombers for the intense bombardment of Japan's home islands in preparation for a full-scale invasion in late 1945. The Japanese, with 115,000 troops augmented by thousands of civilians on the heavily populated island, did not resist on the beaches—their strategy was to maximize the number of soldier and Marine casualties, and naval losses from Kamikaze attacks. After an intense bombardment the Americans landed on 1 April 1945 and declared victory on 21 June. The supporting naval forces were the targets for 4,000 sorties, many by Kamikaze suicide planes. U.S. losses totaled 38 ships of all types sunk and 368 damaged with 4,900 sailors killed. The Americans suffered 75,000 casualties on the ground; 94% of the Japanese soldiers died along with many civilians.

Q1: How many B-29 bombers were airbases need for in Okinawa?
A1: 3,000
Q2: How many squadrons of B=17 bombers were airbases need for in Okinawa?
A2: 240
Q3: How many Japanese troops were on Okinawa?
A3: 115,000
Q4: When did the United States land forces on Okinawa?
A4: 1 April 1945
Q5: How many U.S. ships were lost at Okinawa?
A5: 38
Hard-fought battles on the Japanese home islands of Iwo Jima, Okinawa, and others resulted in horrific casualties on both sides but finally produced a Japanese defeat. Of the 117,000 Japanese troops defending Okinawa, 94 percent died. Faced with the loss of most of their experienced pilots, the Japanese increased their use of kamikaze tactics in an attempt to create unacceptably high casualties for the Allies. The U.S. Navy proposed to force a Japanese surrender through a total naval blockade and air raids.

Q1: What percent of Japanese troops died on Okinawa?
A1: 94
Q2: Using a total blockade and air raids, what did the US Navy hope to force?
A2: Japanese surrender
Q3: How many Japanese troops defended Okinawa?
A3: 117,000
Q4: How did the Japanese attempt to cause high Allied casualties?
A4: kamikaze tactics
Towards the end of the war as the role of strategic bombing became more important, a new command for the U.S. Strategic Air Forces in the Pacific was created to oversee all U.S. strategic bombing in the hemisphere, under United States Army Air Forces General Curtis LeMay. Japanese industrial production plunged as nearly half of the built-up areas of 67 cities were destroyed by B-29 firebombing raids. On 9–10 March 1945 alone, about 100,000 people were killed in a conflagration caused by an incendiary attack on Tokyo. LeMay also oversaw Operation Starvation, in which the inland waterways of Japan were extensively mined by air, which disrupted the small amount of remaining Japanese coastal sea traffic. On 26 July 1945, the President of the United States Harry S. Truman, the President of the Nationalist Government of China Chiang Kai-shek and the Prime Minister of Great Britain Winston Churchill issued the Potsdam Declaration, which outlined the terms of surrender for the Empire of Japan as agreed upon at the Potsdam Conference. This ultimatum stated that, if Japan did not surrender, it would face "prompt and utter destruction."

Q1: Who was over the new U.S. Strategic Air Forces in the Pacific command?
A1: General Curtis LeMay
Q2: How many people were killed in the incendry attack on Tokyo on March 9-10, 1945?
A2: 100,000
Q3: When was the Potsdam Declaration issued?
A3: 26 July 1945
Q4: Who oversaw Operation Starvation?
A4: General Curtis LeMay
Q5: What ultimatum stated that Japan would face "prompt and utter destruction" if it did not surrender?
A5: Potsdam Declaration
On 6 August 1945, the U.S. dropped an atomic bomb on the Japanese city of Hiroshima in the first nuclear attack in history. In a press release issued after the atomic bombing of Hiroshima, Truman warned Japan to surrender or "...expect a rain of ruin from the air, the like of which has never been seen on this earth." Three days later, on 9 August, the U.S. dropped another atomic bomb on Nagasaki, the last nuclear attack in history. More than 140,000–240,000 people died as a direct result of these two bombings. The necessity of the atomic bombings has long been debated, with detractors claiming that a naval blockade and aerial bombing campaign had already made invasion, hence the atomic bomb, unnecessary. However, other scholars have argued that the bombings shocked the Japanese government into surrender, with Emperor finally indicating his wish to stop the war. Another argument in favor of the atomic bombs is that they helped avoid Operation Downfall, or a prolonged blockade and bombing campaign, any of which would have exacted much higher casualties among Japanese civilians. Historian Richard B. Frank wrote that a Soviet invasion of Japan was never likely because they had insufficient naval capability to mount an amphibious invasion of Hokkaidō.

Q1: America dropped what on August 6, 1945?
A1: atomic bomb
Q2: What was the forst Japenese city nuked by the United States?
A2: Hiroshima
Q3: What was the name of the blockade and bombing of Japan planed to make them surrender?
A3: Operation Downfall
Q4: When did American drop a nuclear bomb on Nagasaki?
A4: 9 August
Q5: Who wrote that a Soviet invasion of Japan was unlikely?
A5: Richard B. Frank
The Manchurian Strategic Offensive Operation began on 9 August 1945, with the Soviet invasion of the Japanese puppet state of Manchukuo and was the last campaign of the Second World War and the largest of the 1945 Soviet–Japanese War which resumed hostilities between the Soviet Union and the Empire of Japan after almost six years of peace. Soviet gains on the continent were Manchukuo, Mengjiang (Inner Mongolia) and northern Korea. The rapid defeat of Japan's Kwantung Army has been argued to be a significant factor in the Japanese surrender and the end of World War II, as Japan realized the Soviets were willing and able to take the cost of invasion of its Home Islands, after their rapid conquest of Manchuria and Invasion of South Sakhalin island.

Q1: When did the soviet Union invade Manchukuo?
A1: 9 August 1945
Q2: What was the last campaign of World War II?
A2: Manchurian Strategic Offensive Operation
Q3: What was the largest campaign of the Soviets against Japan?
A3: Manchurian Strategic Offensive Operation
Q4: Who gained Manchukuo, Mengjiang, and northern Korea after the Manchurian Strategic Offensive Campaign?
A4: Soviet Union
Q5: When did hostilities between Japan and the Soviet Union resum after six years of peace?
A5: 9 August 1945