romikgosai/squad_modified_2 huggingface dataset:
In 1853, Victoria gave birth to her eighth child, Leopold, with the aid of the new anaesthetic, chloroform. Victoria was so impressed by the relief it gave from the pain of childbirth that she used it again in 1857 at the birth of her ninth and final child, Beatrice, despite opposition from members of the clergy, who considered it against biblical teaching, and members of the medical profession, who thought it dangerous. Victoria may have suffered from post-natal depression after many of her pregnancies. Letters from Albert to Victoria intermittently complain of her loss of self-control. For example, about a month after Leopold's birth Albert complained in a letter to Victoria about her "continuance of hysterics" over a "miserable trifle".

Q1: Who was Victoria's eighth child?
A1: Leopold
Q2: What anaesthetic helped her give birth to her eighth child?
A2: chloroform
Q3: What did Victoria suffer from after he pregnancies?
A3: post-natal depression
Q4: Why did medical professionals advise against using an anaesthetic during childbirth?
A4: thought it dangerous
Q5: What did Albert complain about Victoria?
A5: her "continuance of hysterics" over a "miserable trifle"
Q6: What was the name of Victoria's eighth child?
A6: Leopold
Q7: Hysteria and loss of control after the birts of many of her children were likely caused by what?
A7: post-natal depression
Q8: What was the name of the new anesthetic given to Victoria for the birth of Leopold?
A8: chloroform
Q9: What year did Victoria give birth to her final child?
A9: 1857
Q10: What was the name of Victoria's final child?
A10: Beatrice
Q11: When did Victoria give birth to her eigth child?
A11: 1853
Q12: What was the name of Victorias eighth child?
A12: Leopold
Q13: What was the name of the new anesthetic used during leopolds birth?
A13: chloroform.
Q14: What year was victorias final child born?
A14: 1857
Q15: What was the name of Victorias final child?
A15: Beatrice
Q16: Who was Victoria's eighth child?
A16: Leopold
Q17: When was Victoria's final child, Beatrice, born?
A17: 1857
Q18: What was the new anastethetic Victoria used in her last two childbirths?
A18: chloroform
Q19: Why did members of the clergy oppose the use of chloroform?
A19: considered it against biblical teaching
Q20: What did Albert complain about in letters to Victoria after the birth of her children?
A20: loss of self-control
Q21: What was the name of Victoria's eigth child?
A21: Leopold
Q22: What was a new anaesthetic being used for childbirth in Victoria's time?
A22: chloroform
Q23: What was the name of Victoria's ninth child?
A23: Beatrice
Q24: Why did members of the clergy oppose the use of chloroform for childbirth?
A24: considered it against biblical teaching
Q25: After nine pregnancies, what could Victoria have been suffering from that would make her sad and depressed?
A25: post-natal depression
In March 1861, Victoria's mother died, with Victoria at her side. Through reading her mother's papers, Victoria discovered that her mother had loved her deeply; she was heart-broken, and blamed Conroy and Lehzen for "wickedly" estranging her from her mother. To relieve his wife during her intense and deep grief, Albert took on most of her duties, despite being ill himself with chronic stomach trouble. In August, Victoria and Albert visited their son, the Prince of Wales, who was attending army manoeuvres near Dublin, and spent a few days holidaying in Killarney. In November, Albert was made aware of gossip that his son had slept with an actress in Ireland. Appalled, Albert travelled to Cambridge, where his son was studying, to confront him. By the beginning of December, Albert was very unwell. He was diagnosed with typhoid fever by William Jenner, and died on 14 December 1861. Victoria was devastated. She blamed her husband's death on worry over the Prince of Wales's philandering. He had been "killed by that dreadful business", she said. She entered a state of mourning and wore black for the remainder of her life. She avoided public appearances, and rarely set foot in London in the following years. Her seclusion earned her the nickname "widow of Windsor".

Q1: During which year did Victoria's mother die?
A1: 1861
Q2: How did Victoria realize that her mother deeply loved her?
A2: Through reading her mother's papers
Q3: What was Albert ill with?
A3: chronic stomach trouble
Q4: What did Victoria blame Albert's death on?
A4: Prince of Wales's philandering
Q5: What was Prince of Wales attending to in Dublin?
A5: army manoeuvres
Q6: What year did Victoria's mother die?
A6: 1861
Q7: What year did Albert die?
A7: 1861
Q8: Who did Victoria blame for her poor relationship with her mother?
A8: Conroy and Lehzen
Q9: Who took on most of Victoria's duties while she grieved her mothers death?
A9: Albert
Q10: What illness was Albert suffering from while he helped Victoria through her grief?
A10: chronic stomach trouble
Q11: When did Victoria's mother die?
A11: March 1861
Q12: What disease was Albert diagnosed with?
A12: typhoid fever
Q13: When did Albert die of his illness?
A13: 14 December 1861
Q14: What was Victoria's nickname following Alberts death?
A14: widow of Windsor
Q15: Who was the Prince of Wales suspected to be having an affair with?
A15: an actress in Ireland
Q16: When did the Duchess die?
A16: 1861
Q17: Who did Victoria blame for the problems between herself and the Duchess?
A17: Conroy and Lehzen
Q18: What caused Prince Albert's death?
A18: typhoid fever
Q19: Who did Victoria blame for Prince Albert's death?
A19: their son, the Prince of Wales
Q20: What gossip did Prince Albert hear about their son?
A20: had slept with an actress in Ireland
On 2 March 1882, Roderick Maclean, a disgruntled poet apparently offended by Victoria's refusal to accept one of his poems, shot at the Queen as her carriage left Windsor railway station. Two schoolboys from Eton College struck him with their umbrellas, until he was hustled away by a policeman. Victoria was outraged when he was found not guilty by reason of insanity, but was so pleased by the many expressions of loyalty after the attack that she said it was "worth being shot at—to see how much one is loved".

Q1: Who shot at the queen?
A1: Roderick Maclean
Q2: When was the shooting?
A2: 2 March 1882
Q3: What was Maclean's occupation?
A3: poet
Q4: Which college were to two boys attending?
A4: Eton College
Q5: With what did the college boy's hit the shooter with?
A5: umbrellas
Q6: Who shot Queen Victoria?
A6: Roderick Maclean
Q7: What year was the Queen shot?
A7: 1882
Q8: Who stopped Maclean after he shot the Queen?
A8: Two schoolboys from Eton College
Q9: What did the court determine was the fate for Maclean after shooting the Queen?
A9: not guilty by reason of insanity
Q10: How did the schoolboys stop Maclean?
A10: struck him with their umbrellas
Q11: What disgruntled poet shot at Victoria's carriage on March 2, 1882?
A11: Roderick Maclean
Q12: What school did the boys who defended the Queen with umbrellas attend?
A12: Eton College
Q13: What was the verdict in Roderick Maclean's trial?
A13: he was found not guilty by reason of insanity
Q14: What provoked the attack on Queen Victoria as she left Windsor?
A14: offended by Victoria's refusal to accept one of his poems
Q15: What was Victoria's reaction to the verdict?
A15: outraged
Q16: Who attempted to assassinate the Queen?
A16: Roderick Maclean
Q17: What was the verdict in Maclean's trial?
A17: not guilty by reason of insanity
Q18: What position did Victoria take on being shot at?
A18: "worth being shot at—to see how much one is loved"
Q19: When did Maclean attempt to shoot Victoria?
A19: 2 March 1882
Q20: Why did Maclean shoot at Victoria?
A20: refusal to accept one of his poems
Gladstone returned to power after the 1892 general election; he was 82 years old. Victoria objected when Gladstone proposed appointing the Radical MP Henry Labouchere to the Cabinet, so Gladstone agreed not to appoint him. In 1894, Gladstone retired and, without consulting the outgoing prime minister, Victoria appointed Lord Rosebery as prime minister. His government was weak, and the following year Lord Salisbury replaced him. Salisbury remained prime minister for the remainder of Victoria's reign.

Q1: What year did Gladstone return to power?
A1: 1892
Q2: How old was Gladstone in 1892?
A2: 82
Q3: What year did Gladstone retire?
A3: 1894
Q4: What position did Victoria appoint Lord Rosebery?
A4: prime minister
Q5: What year did Gadstone return to power?
A5: 1892
Q6: Who replaced Lord Rosebery the year following his appointment?
A6: Lord Salisbury
Q7: How old was Gladstone when he returned to power?
A7: 82 years old
Q8: What year did Gladstone retire?
A8: 1894
Q9: Who did Victoria appoint to replace Gladstone?
A9: Lord Rosebery
Q10: How old was Gladstone after the general election in 1892?
A10: 82 years old
Q11: What radical MP did Victoria object to being appointed to the cabinet by Gladstone?
A11: Henry Labouchere
Q12: Who did Victoria appoint to Prime Minister after Gladstone retired in 1894?
A12: Lord Rosebery
Q13: Who replaced Lord Rosenbery after only a year of government?
A13: Lord Salisbury
Q14: How long did Lord Salisbury remain as Prime Minister?
A14: for the remainder of Victoria's reign
Q15: Who was returned to power in 1892?
A15: Gladstone
Q16: Who did Victoria appoint as Gladstone's succesor?
A16: Lord Rosebery
Q17: How did Lord Roseberry fare as Prime Minister?
A17: His government was weak
Q18: Who replaced Lord Roseberry as Prime Minister?
A18: Lord Salisbury
Q19: How long was Lord Sailsbury Prime Minister?
A19: the remainder of Victoria's reign
In 1897, Victoria had written instructions for her funeral, which was to be military as befitting a soldier's daughter and the head of the army, and white instead of black. On 25 January, Edward VII, the Kaiser and Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught, helped lift her body into the coffin. She was dressed in a white dress and her wedding veil. An array of mementos commemorating her extended family, friends and servants were laid in the coffin with her, at her request, by her doctor and dressers. One of Albert's dressing gowns was placed by her side, with a plaster cast of his hand, while a lock of John Brown's hair, along with a picture of him, was placed in her left hand concealed from the view of the family by a carefully positioned bunch of flowers. Items of jewellery placed on Victoria included the wedding ring of John Brown's mother, given to her by Brown in 1883. Her funeral was held on Saturday, 2 February, in St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle, and after two days of lying-in-state, she was interred beside Prince Albert in Frogmore Mausoleum at Windsor Great Park. As she was laid to rest at the mausoleum, it began to snow.

Q1: Which two people helped lift Victoria's body into the coffin?
A1: Edward VII, the Kaiser and Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught
Q2: What item from her wedding was Victoria dressed in inside her coffin?
A2: wedding veil
Q3: What color was her dress?
A3: white
Q4: Who's dressing gown was placed by her side?
A4: Albert's
Q5: A plaster cast of what part of Alberts body was placed in the coffin with the Queen?
A5: his hand
Q6: Where was the funeral of Queen Victoria held?
A6: St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle
Q7: What clothing was Queen Victoria laid to rest in?
A7: a white dress and her wedding veil
Q8: What year did Queen Victoria die?
A8: 1897
Q9: What was placed in the Queens left hand when she was placed in her coffin?
A9: a lock of John Brown's hair
Q10: What did Victoria wear upon her death in her coffin?
A10: She was dressed in a white dress and her wedding veil
Q11: Whose lock of hair was concealed in her left hand by flowers?
A11: John Brown
Q12: When did John Brown give Victoria his mother's wedding ring?
A12: 1883
Q13: When was Queen Victoria's funeral held?
A13: Saturday, 2 February
Q14: Where was Queen Victoria laid to rest after her death?
A14: Frogmore Mausoleum at Windsor Great Park
Q15: Where was Victoria laid to rest?
A15: Frogmore Mausoleum at Windsor Great Park
Q16: When was Queen Victoria's funeral held?
A16: 2 February
Q17: What was hidden in Queen Victoria's hand by her father's family?
A17: a lock of John Brown's hair, along with a picture of him
Q18: How was Victoria dressed for burial?
A18: a white dress and her wedding veil
Q19: Who placed Victoria into her coffin?
A19: Edward VII, the Kaiser and Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught
Victoria wrote to her uncle Leopold, whom Victoria considered her "best and kindest adviser", to thank him "for the prospect of great happiness you have contributed to give me, in the person of dear Albert ... He possesses every quality that could be desired to render me perfectly happy. He is so sensible, so kind, and so good, and so amiable too. He has besides the most pleasing and delightful exterior and appearance you can possibly see." However at 17, Victoria, though interested in Albert, was not yet ready to marry. The parties did not undertake a formal engagement, but assumed that the match would take place in due time.

Q1: Who was considered Victoria's best and kindest advisor?
A1: uncle Leopold
Q2: Who did Victoria describe as sensible, kind, and amiable?
A2: Albert
Q3: Who introduced Albert to Victoria?
A3: uncle Leopold
Q4: What Uncle was Victoria's favorite adviser?
A4: Leopold
Q5: How old was Victoria when she met Albert?
A5: 17
Q6: Who introduced Victoria and Albert?
A6: her uncle Leopold
Q7: What qualities did Victoria believe Albert posessed when she met him?
A7: every quality that could be desired to render me perfectly happy
Q8: Whom did Queen Victoria consider her "best and kindest adviser"?
A8: uncle Leopold
Q9: Who was Victoria not ready to marry at age 17?
A9: Albert
Q10: What was Victoria's opinion of Albert's appearance?
A10: the most pleasing and delightful exterior
Q11: Who did Victoria credit for her relationship to Albert?
A11: her uncle Leopold
Q12: What did Victoria think of Albert at 17 years of age?
A12: He possesses every quality that could be desired to render me perfectly happy
Q13: What were Albert's best qualities?
A13: sensible, so kind, and so good, and so amiable
Q14: How did Victoria find Albert's looks?
A14: most pleasing and delightful exterior and appearance
Q15: How old was Victoria when she was introduced to Albert?
A15: 17
In 1839, Melbourne resigned after Radicals and Tories (both of whom Victoria detested) voted against a bill to suspend the constitution of Jamaica. The bill removed political power from plantation owners who were resisting measures associated with the abolition of slavery. The Queen commissioned a Tory, Sir Robert Peel, to form a new ministry. At the time, it was customary for the prime minister to appoint members of the Royal Household, who were usually his political allies and their spouses. Many of the Queen's ladies of the bedchamber were wives of Whigs, and Peel expected to replace them with wives of Tories. In what became known as the bedchamber crisis, Victoria, advised by Melbourne, objected to their removal. Peel refused to govern under the restrictions imposed by the Queen, and consequently resigned his commission, allowing Melbourne to return to office.

Q1: What did the Queen commission Sir Robert Peel to do?
A1: to form a new ministry
Q2: In what year did Melbourne resign?
A2: 1839
Q3: Which party was Sir Robert Peel a part of?
A3: Tory
Q4: What is the name of crisis where the wives of the Tories were replacing the wives of the Whigs?
A4: bedchamber crisis
Q5: What year did Melbourne resign?
A5: 1839
Q6: Who voted against the bill to end the constitution of Jamaica?
A6: Radicals and Tories
Q7: Who did the Queen commission to form a new ministry?
A7: Sir Robert Peel
Q8: Who returned to office after Peel resigned?
A8: Melbourne
Q9: The removal of the Queens bedchamber ladies became known as what?
A9: the bedchamber crisis
Q10: Who resigned their position in 1839?
A10: Melbourne
Q11: Why did the Radicals and Tories oppose the bill about the constitution of Jamaica?
A11: The bill removed political power from plantation owners who were resisting measures associated with the abolition of slavery.
Q12: What Tory did Victoria commision after Melbourne resigned his postion?
A12: Sir Robert Peel
Q13: After Queen Victoria refuse to replace her ladies with wives of Tories, what did Sir Robert Peel do?
A13: resigned his commission
Q14: Who did Victoria reappoint to the position after the Bedchamber Crisis?
A14: Melbourne
Q15: What did the Radicals and Tories do that made Melbourne resign?
A15: voted against a bill to suspend the constitution of Jamaica
Q16: Which group was resisting the abolisment of slavery and were subsequently removed from power when the bill was voted down?
A16: plantation owners
Q17: Who did Robert Peel want to replace the ladies of the bedchamber with, instead of wives of Whigs?
A17: wives of Tories
Q18: Why did Peel resign his comission?
A18: Peel refused to govern under the restrictions imposed by the Queen
Q19: Who returned to office after Peel resigned?
A19: Melbourne
Internationally, Victoria took a keen interest in the improvement of relations between France and Britain. She made and hosted several visits between the British royal family and the House of Orleans, who were related by marriage through the Coburgs. In 1843 and 1845, she and Albert stayed with King Louis Philippe I at château d'Eu in Normandy; she was the first British or English monarch to visit a French one since the meeting of Henry VIII of England and Francis I of France on the Field of the Cloth of Gold in 1520. When Louis Philippe made a reciprocal trip in 1844, he became the first French king to visit a British sovereign. Louis Philippe was deposed in the revolutions of 1848, and fled to exile in England. At the height of a revolutionary scare in the United Kingdom in April 1848, Victoria and her family left London for the greater safety of Osborne House, a private estate on the Isle of Wight that they had purchased in 1845 and redeveloped. Demonstrations by Chartists and Irish nationalists failed to attract widespread support, and the scare died down without any major disturbances. Victoria's first visit to Ireland in 1849 was a public relations success, but it had no lasting impact or effect on the growth of Irish nationalism.

Q1: Which two countries was Victoria trying to improve relations between?
A1: France and Britain
Q2: How was the House of Orleans and the British Royal family related?
A2: by marriage through the Coburgs
Q3: Who did Victoria stay with in Normandy?
A3: King Louis Philippe I
Q4: What year did Victoria first visit Ireland?
A4: 1849
Q5: What year did Louis Philippe visit England?
A5: 1844
Q6: What two countries did Victoria take a large interest in improving relations between?
A6: France and Britain
Q7: What year was Victorias first visit to Ireland?
A7: 1849
Q8: Queen Victoria set up meetings between The Britian royal family and what house to help improve relations between Britain and France?
A8: House of Orleans
Q9: What was the name of the King of Normandy that Victoria and Albert stayed with in 1843 and 1845?
A9: King Louis Philippe I
Q10: Who was the first French King to visit Queen Victoria?
A10: Louis Philippe
Q11: Who was the first French king to visit Queen Victoria?
A11: Louis Philippe
Q12: What happened to Louis Philippe after the revolution in France?
A12: fled to exile in England
Q13: Where did Victoria and her family retreat to safety during a conflict in 1848?
A13: Osborne House
Q14: What nation was visited for the first time by Victoria in 1849?
A14: Ireland
Q15: What French family did Victoria try to foster relations with?
A15: House of Orleans
Q16: What was one of Victoria's major concerns?
A16: improvement of relations between France and Britain
Q17: When was Louis Phillipe deposed?
A17: 1848
Q18: Where did Victoria and her family go to for safety during the revolutionary scare of April 1848?
A18: Osborne House, a private estate on the Isle of Wight
Q19: When was Osborne house purchased?
A19: 1845
Q20: Which groups were demonstrating and trying to bring about a revolution before, ultimately, failing?
A20: Chartists and Irish nationalists
On 14 January 1858, an Italian refugee from Britain called Orsini attempted to assassinate Napoleon III with a bomb made in England. The ensuing diplomatic crisis destabilised the government, and Palmerston resigned. Derby was reinstated as prime minister. Victoria and Albert attended the opening of a new basin at the French military port of Cherbourg on 5 August 1858, in an attempt by Napoleon III to reassure Britain that his military preparations were directed elsewhere. On her return Victoria wrote to Derby reprimanding him for the poor state of the Royal Navy in comparison to the French one. Derby's ministry did not last long, and in June 1859 Victoria recalled Palmerston to office.

Q1: Where was Orsini from?
A1: Britain
Q2: Who did Orsini try to assassinate?
A2: Napoleon III
Q3: What happened in June 1859?
A3: Victoria recalled Palmerston to office
Q4: What position did Derby hold?
A4: prime minister
Q5: What was the date of an attempted assasination on Napoleon?
A5: 14 January 1858
Q6: What was the name of the person that attempted to assasinate Napoleon?
A6: Orsini
Q7: What was the name of the French military port that opened on 5 August 1858?
A7: port of Cherbourg
Q8: Where was the bomb that Orsini used to attempt to assasinate Napoleon made?
A8: England
Q9: Who resigned due to the attempt on Napoleons life?
A9: Palmerston
Q10: Who survived an assasination attempt by the Italian refugee Orsini in 1858?
A10: Napoleon III
Q11: Who resigned their position following the scandal due to Orsini's bomb being made in England?
A11: Palmerston
Q12: What new military port in France did Victoria and Albert visit after the crisis in 1858?
A12: Cherbourg
Q13: Why did Victoria repremend Derby following her visit with Napolean III?
A13: the poor state of the Royal Navy in comparison to the French one
Q14: Who did Victoria recall to office following her disappointment with Derby in June of 1859?
A14: Palmerston
Q15: Who attempted to assassinate Napoleon?
A15: an Italian refugee from Britain called Orsini
Q16: When did Orsinin attempt to assassinate Napoleon?
A16: 14 January 1858
Q17: How did Orsini try to assassinate Napoleon?
A17: a bomb
Q18: When did Victoria ask Palmerston to resume his office?
A18: June 1859
Q19: Where did Victoria visit that led her to reprimand Derby for the state of the Royal Navy?
A19: French military port of Cherbourg