romikgosai/squad_modified_2 huggingface dataset:
Since 2005, the USAF has placed a strong focus on the improvement of Basic Military Training (BMT) for enlisted personnel. While the intense training has become longer, it also has shifted to include a deployment phase. This deployment phase, now called the BEAST, places the trainees in a surreal environment that they may experience once they deploy. While the trainees do tackle the massive obstacle courses along with the BEAST, the other portions include defending and protecting their base of operations, forming a structure of leadership, directing search and recovery, and basic self aid buddy care. During this event, the Military Training Instructors (MTI) act as mentors and enemy forces in a deployment exercise.

Q1: What did the USAF strive to improve since 2005?
A1: Basic Military Training
Q2: What is the deployment phase of BMT called?
A2: BEAST
Q3: What other training do the US Air force Personnel get during BMT?
A3: directing search and recovery
Q4: Who acts as a mentor during this deployment phase of the BMT?
A4: Military Training Instructors
In 2007, the USAF undertook a Reduction-in-Force (RIF). Because of budget constraints, the USAF planned to reduce the service's size from 360,000 active duty personnel to 316,000. The size of the active duty force in 2007 was roughly 64% of that of what the USAF was at the end of the first Gulf War in 1991. However, the reduction was ended at approximately 330,000 personnel in 2008 in order to meet the demand signal of combatant commanders and associated mission requirements. These same constraints have seen a sharp reduction in flight hours for crew training since 2005 and the Deputy Chief of Staff for Manpower and Personnel directing Airmen's Time Assessments.

Q1: What year did the USAF take a Reduction-in-force?
A1: 2007
Q2: Why did the USAF plan to take a reduction-in-force?
A2: budget constraints
Q3: How many USAF personnel did the reduction end in during 2008?
A3: 330,000
Q4: What has there been a sharp reduction in during the years following 2005 in the USAF?
A4: flight hours for crew training
On 5 June 2008, Secretary of Defense Robert Gates, accepted the resignations of both the Secretary of the Air Force, Michael Wynne, and the Chief of Staff of the United States Air Force, General T. Michael Moseley. Gates in effect fired both men for "systemic issues associated with declining Air Force nuclear mission focus and performance." This followed an investigation into two embarrassing incidents involving mishandling of nuclear weapons: specifically a nuclear weapons incident aboard a B-52 flight between Minot AFB and Barksdale AFB, and an accidental shipment of nuclear weapons components to Taiwan. The resignations were also the culmination of disputes between the Air Force leadership, populated primarily by non-nuclear background fighter pilots, versus Gates. To put more emphasis on nuclear assets, the USAF established the nuclear-focused Air Force Global Strike Command on 24 October 2008.

Q1: Who was Robert Gates?
A1: Secretary of Defense
Q2: What Secretary of the Air Force resigned in 2008?
A2: Michael Wynne
Q3: Where did the US Air Force accidentally ship a component of Nuclear Weapons?
A3: Taiwan
Q4: What US Chief of Staff of the US Air Force also resigned in June of 2008?
A4: General T. Michael Moseley
Q5: When was the Air Force Global Strike Command formed?
A5: 24 October 2008
Due to the Budget sequestration in 2013, the USAF was forced to ground many of its squadrons. The Commander of Air Combat Command, General Mike Hostage indicated that the USAF must reduce its F-15 and F-16 fleets and eliminate platforms like the A-10 in order to focus on a fifth-generation jet fighter future. In response to squadron groundings and flight time reductions, many Air Force pilots have opted to resign from active duty and enter the Air Force Reserve and Air National Guard while pursuing careers in the commercial airlines where they can find flight hours on more modern aircraft.

Q1: Why was the USAF forced to ground some of its squadrons in 2013?
A1: Budget sequestration
Q2: Who was the Commander of Air Combat Command in 2013?
A2: General Mike Hostage
Q3: Why have many US Air Force pilots opted to resign from active service?
A3: squadron groundings and flight time reductions
Q4: Where have many of these US Air Force pilots chosen to find employment instead?
A4: careers in the commercial airlines
Specific concerns include a compounded inability for the Air Force to replace its aging fleet, and an overall reduction of strength and readiness. The USAF attempted to make these adjustments by primarily cutting the Air National Guard and Air Force Reserve aircraft fleets and their associated manpower, but Congress reversed this initiative and the majority of the lost manpower will come from the active forces. However, Congress did allow for $208 million of reprogramming from fleet modernization to enable some portion of the third of the grounded fleet to resume operations.

Q1: What is one of the concerns of the Air Force?
A1: replace its aging fleet
Q2: How did the USAF try to make these adjustments to help with strength and readiness of its fleet?
A2: cutting the Air National Guard and Air Force Reserve aircraft fleets
Q3: How much money did Congress give to the USAF to enable them to replace some of the grounded fleet?
A3: $208 million
The Department of the Air Force is one of three military departments within the Department of Defense, and is managed by the civilian Secretary of the Air Force, under the authority, direction, and control of the Secretary of Defense. The senior officials in the Office of the Secretary are the Under Secretary of the Air Force, four Assistant Secretaries of the Air Force and the General Counsel, all of whom are appointed by the President with the advice and consent of the Senate. The senior uniformed leadership in the Air Staff is made up of the Chief of Staff of the Air Force and the Vice Chief of Staff of the Air Force.

Q1: Who is the Department of the Air Force managed by?
A1: Secretary of the Air Force
Q2: Who does the Secretary of the Air Force report to?
A2: Secretary of Defense
Q3: Who appoints the top positions in the USAF, including the Assistant Secretaries and General Council?
A3: President
Q4: Upon whom does the President call on for support in his appointments to the USAF?
A4: Senate
Q5: Who does the senior leadership roles in the USAF include?
A5: Chief of Staff of the Air Force and the Vice Chief of Staff of the Air Force
The organizational structure as shown above is responsible for the peacetime organization, equipping, and training of aerospace units for operational missions. When required to support operational missions, the Secretary of Defense (SECDEF) directs the Secretary of the Air Force (SECAF) to execute a Change in Operational Control (CHOP) of these units from their administrative alignment to the operational command of a Regional Combatant Commander (CCDR). In the case of AFSPC, AFSOC, PACAF, and USAFE units, forces are normally employed in-place under their existing CCDR. Likewise, AMC forces operating in support roles retain their componency to USTRANSCOM unless chopped to a Regional CCDR.

Q1: Who directs the Secretary of the Air Force during operational missions?
A1: Secretary of Defense
Q2: What does the abbreviation CHOP stand for?
A2: Change in Operational Control
Q3: Who does the AMC forces usually retain their componency to?
A3: USTRANSCOM
Q4: Who is in charge of these Change in Operational Control missions?
A4: Regional Combatant Commander
"Chopped" units are referred to as forces. The top-level structure of these forces is the Air and Space Expeditionary Task Force (AETF). The AETF is the Air Force presentation of forces to a CCDR for the employment of Air Power. Each CCDR is supported by a standing Component Numbered Air Force (C-NAF) to provide planning and execution of aerospace forces in support of CCDR requirements. Each C-NAF consists of a Commander, Air Force Forces (COMAFFOR) and AFFOR/A-staff, and an Air Operations Center (AOC). As needed to support multiple Joint Force Commanders (JFC) in the COCOM's Area of Responsibility (AOR), the C-NAF may deploy Air Component Coordinate Elements (ACCE) to liaise with the JFC. If the Air Force possesses the preponderance of air forces in a JFC's area of operations, the COMAFFOR will also serve as the Joint Forces Air Component Commander (JFACC).

Q1: What are "Chopped" units called in the USAF?
A1: forces
Q2: What is the top level structure of these Chopped forces in the USAF?
A2: Air and Space Expeditionary Task Force
Q3: What does the C-NAF provide support to?
A3: planning and execution of aerospace forces
Q4: Who does the C-NAFF coordinate with on ACEE missions?
A4: JFC
AFSCs range from officer specialties such as pilot, combat systems officer, missile launch officer, intelligence officer, aircraft maintenance officer, judge advocate general (JAG), medical doctor, nurse or other fields, to various enlisted specialties. The latter range from flight combat operations such as a gunner, to working in a dining facility to ensure that members are properly fed. There are additional occupational fields such as computer specialties, mechanic specialties, enlisted aircrew, communication systems, cyberspace operations, avionics technicians, medical specialties, civil engineering, public affairs, hospitality, law, drug counseling, mail operations, security forces, and search and rescue specialties.

Q1: What kind of AFSC is a JAG?
A1: judge advocate general
Q2: What is one of the many types of AFSC employed by the USAF?
A2: missile launch officer
Q3: What is an example of an occupational field position in the USAF?
A3: computer specialties
Beyond combat flight crew personnel, perhaps the most dangerous USAF jobs are Explosive Ordnance Disposal (EOD), Combat rescue officer, Pararescue, Security Forces, Combat Control, Combat Weather, Tactical Air Control Party, and AFOSI agents, who deploy with infantry and special operations units who disarm bombs, rescue downed or isolated personnel, call in air strikes and set up landing zones in forward locations. Most of these are enlisted positions augmented by a smaller number of commissioned officers. Other career fields that have seen increasing exposure to combat include civil engineers, vehicle operators, and Air Force Office of Special Investigations (AFOSI) personnel.

Q1: What does the abbreviation EOD stand for in the USAF?
A1: Explosive Ordnance Disposal
Q2: What is one of the most dangerous jobs for USAF personnel?
A2: Tactical Air Control Party
Q3: What do some of these special missions in the USAF who deploy with the infantry do?
A3: rescue downed or isolated personnel
Q4: What are these enlisted positions in the USAF complimented by?
A4: commissioned officers
Q5: What other career fields have seen an increase in active combat missions?
A5: Air Force Office of Special Investigations
Training programs vary in length; for example, 3M0X1 (Services) has 31 days of tech school training, while 3E8X1 (Explosive Ordnance Disposal) is one year of training with a preliminary school and a main school consisting of over 10 separate divisions, sometimes taking students close to two years to complete. Officer technical training conducted by Second Air Force can also vary by AFSC, while flight training for aeronautically-rated officers conducted by AETC's Nineteenth Air Force can last well in excess of one year.

Q1: How long is the training for Explosive Ordnance Disposal in the USAF?
A1: one year of training with a preliminary school
Q2: What USAF tech school has 31 days of training?
A2: 3M0X1 (Services)
Q3: Who conducts the training for Technical Officers in the USAF?
A3: Second Air Force
Q4: How long does the flight training for the AETC's Nineteenth Air Force last?
A4: excess of one year
USAF rank is divided between enlisted airmen, non-commissioned officers, and commissioned officers, and ranges from the enlisted Airman Basic (E-1) to the commissioned officer rank of General (O-10). Enlisted promotions are granted based on a combination of test scores, years of experience, and selection board approval while officer promotions are based on time-in-grade and a promotion selection board. Promotions among enlisted personnel and non-commissioned officers are generally designated by increasing numbers of insignia chevrons. Commissioned officer rank is designated by bars, oak leaves, a silver eagle, and anywhere from one to four stars (one to five stars in war-time).[citation needed]

Q1: What groups is the USAF rank divided amoung?
A1: enlisted airmen, non-commissioned officers, and commissioned officers
Q2: How are Enlisted promotions in the USAF decided?
A2: based on a combination of test scores, years of experience, and selection board approval
Q3: How are Officer promotions within the USAF decided?
A3: based on time-in-grade and a promotion selection board
Q4: How is a Commissioned Officer's rank shown?
A4: designated by bars, oak leaves, a silver eagle, and anywhere from one to four stars
Air Force officer promotions are governed by the Defense Officer Personnel Management Act of 1980 and its companion Reserve Officer Personnel Management Act (ROPMA) for officers in the Air Force Reserve and the Air National Guard. DOPMA also establishes limits on the number of officers that can serve at any given time in the Air Force. Currently, promotion from second lieutenant to first lieutenant is virtually guaranteed after two years of satisfactory service. The promotion from first lieutenant to captain is competitive after successfully completing another two years of service, with a selection rate varying between 99% and 100%. Promotion to major through major general is through a formal selection board process, while promotions to lieutenant general and general are contingent upon nomination to specific general officer positions and subject to U.S. Senate approval.

Q1: Was does ROPMA stand for in the USAF?
A1: Reserve Officer Personnel Management Act
Q2: What are Air Force Officer promotions overseen by?
A2: Defense Officer Personnel Management Act of 1980
Q3: How long does it usually take to be promoted from second to first lieutenant in the USAF?
A3: virtually guaranteed after two years
Q4: Who establishes limits on the amount of Air Force officers?
A4: DOPMA
Q5: What promotion in the USAF is governed by a formal selection process?
A5: Promotion to major through major general
During the board process an officer's record is reviewed by a selection board at the Air Force Personnel Center at Randolph Air Force Base in San Antonio, Texas. At the 10 to 11 year mark, captains will take part in a selection board to major. If not selected, they will meet a follow-on board to determine if they will be allowed to remain in the Air Force. Promotion from major to lieutenant colonel is similar and occurs approximately between the thirteen year (for officers who were promoted to major early "below the zone") and the fifteen year mark, where a certain percentage of majors will be selected below zone (i.e., "early"), in zone (i.e., "on time") or above zone (i.e., "late") for promotion to lieutenant colonel. This process will repeat at the 16 year mark (for officers previously promoted early to major and lieutenant colonel) to the 21 year mark for promotion to full colonel.

Q1: Where is an officer's record in the USAF reviewed for a promotion?
A1: Air Force Personnel Center at Randolph Air Force Base
Q2: What state is the Randolph Air Force Base located in?
A2: Texas
Q3: When does promotion from major to lieutenant colonel in the USAF typically occur?
A3: thirteen year
Q4: The promotion process repeats when for officers promoted early in the USAF?
A4: 16 year mark
Although provision is made in Title 10 of the United States Code for the Secretary of the Air Force to appoint warrant officers, the Air Force does not currently use warrant officer grades, and is the only one of the U.S. Armed Services not to do so. The Air Force inherited warrant officer ranks from the Army at its inception in 1947, but their place in the Air Force structure was never made clear.[citation needed] When the Congress authorized the creation of two new senior enlisted ranks in 1958, Air Force officials privately concluded that these two new "super grades" could fill all Air Force needs then performed at the warrant officer level, although this was not publicly acknowledged until years later.[citation needed] The Air Force stopped appointing warrant officers in 1959, the same year the first promotions were made to the new top enlisted grade, Chief Master Sergeant. Most of the existing Air Force warrant officers entered the commissioned officer ranks during the 1960s, but small numbers continued to exist in the warrant officer grades for the next 21 years.

Q1: What section in the US Code for the Secretary of the Air Force allows for the appointment of warrant officers?
A1: Title 10
Q2: When did the USAF inherit warrant officer ranks from the Army?
A2: 1947
Q3: When did Congress authorize the creation of two new senior officer grades?
A3: 1958
Q4: When did the USAF stop appointing warrant officers?
A4: 1959
Q5: What is the newest top enlisted grade in the USAF?
A5: Chief Master Sergeant
Enlisted members of the USAF have pay grades from E-1 (entry level) to E-9 (senior enlisted). While all USAF military personnel are referred to as Airmen, the term also refers to the pay grades of E-1 through E-4, which are below the level of non-commissioned officers (NCOs). Above the pay grade of E-4 (i.e., pay grades E-5 through E-9) all ranks fall into the category of NCO and are further subdivided into "NCOs" (pay grades E-5 and E-6) and "Senior NCOs" (pay grades E-7 through E-9); the term "Junior NCO" is sometimes used to refer to staff sergeants and technical sergeants (pay grades E-5 and E-6).

Q1: What is the lowest pay grade in the USAF?
A1: E-1 (entry level)
Q2: What is the highest pay grade in the USAF?
A2: E-9 (senior enlisted)
Q3: What pay grades are included in the USAF for Senior NCOs?
A3: pay grades E-7 through E-9
Q4: What does junior NCO refer to in the USAF pay grade system?
A4: staff sergeants and technical sergeants
The USAF is the only branch of the U.S. military where NCO status is achieved when an enlisted person reaches the pay grade of E-5. In all other branches, NCO status is generally achieved at the pay grade of E-4 (e.g., a Corporal in the Army and Marine Corps, Petty Officer Third Class in the Navy and Coast Guard). The Air Force mirrored the Army from 1976 to 1991 with an E-4 being either a Senior Airman wearing three stripes without a star or a Sergeant (referred to as "Buck Sergeant"), which was noted by the presence of the central star and considered an NCO. Despite not being an NCO, a Senior Airman who has completed Airman Leadership School can be a supervisor according to the AFI 36-2618.

Q1: When does NCO status happen in all other branches of the US Military?
A1: pay grade of E-4
Q2: When does NCO status occur in the USAF?
A2: when an enlisted person reaches the pay grade of E-5
Q3: What must a Senior Airman do to become a supervisor in the USAF?
A3: completed Airman Leadership School
Q4: What rank is NCO status achieved in the US Army?
A4: Corporal
The first USAF dress uniform, in 1947, was dubbed and patented "Uxbridge Blue" after "Uxbridge 1683 Blue", developed at the former Bachman-Uxbridge Worsted Company. The current Service Dress Uniform, which was adopted in 1993 and standardized in 1995, consists of a three-button, pocketless coat, similar to that of a men's "sport jacket" (with silver "U.S." pins on the lapels, with a silver ring surrounding on those of enlisted members), matching trousers, and either a service cap or flight cap, all in Shade 1620, "Air Force Blue" (a darker purplish-blue). This is worn with a light blue shirt (Shade 1550) and Shade 1620 herringbone patterned necktie. Enlisted members wear sleeve insignia on both the jacket and shirt, while officers wear metal rank insignia pinned onto the coat, and Air Force Blue slide-on epaulet loops on the shirt. USAF personnel assigned to Base Honor Guard duties wear, for certain occasions, a modified version of the standard service dress uniform, but with silver trim on the sleeves and trousers, with the addition of a ceremonial belt (if necessary), wheel cap with silver trim and Hap Arnold Device, and a silver aiguillette placed on the left shoulder seam and all devices and accoutrement.

Q1: Where was the Uxbridge Blue dress uniform developed?
A1: former Bachman-Uxbridge Worsted Company
Q2: When was the first USAF dress uniform introduced?
A2: 1947
Q3: When was the current USAF dress uniform standardized?
A3: 1995
Q4: Where does an officer in the USAF wear their rank insignia?
A4: pinned onto the coat
In addition to basic uniform clothing, various badges are used by the USAF to indicate a billet assignment or qualification-level for a given assignment. Badges can also be used as merit-based or service-based awards. Over time, various badges have been discontinued and are no longer distributed. Authorized badges include the Shields of USAF Fire Protection, and Security Forces, and the Missile Badge (or "pocket rocket"), which is earned after working in a missile system maintenance or missile operations capacity for at least one year.

Q1: What is worn by USAF members to indicate a billet assignment?
A1: various badges
Q2: What else can Badges be used to designate in the USAF?
A2: merit-based or service-based awards
Q3: What is one of the types of Authorized Badges in the USAF?
A3: Shields of USAF Fire Protection
Q4: When is the special "pocket rocket" badge given to USAF personnel working in a missile system operation?
A4: at least one year
Officers may be commissioned upon graduation from the United States Air Force Academy, upon graduation from another college or university through the Air Force Reserve Officer Training Corps (AFROTC) program, or through the Air Force Officer Training School (OTS). OTS, previously located at Lackland AFB, Texas until 1993 and located at Maxwell Air Force Base in Montgomery, Alabama since 1993, in turn encompasses two separate commissioning programs: Basic Officer Training (BOT), which is for line-officer candidates of the active-duty Air Force and the U.S. Air Force Reserve; and the Academy of Military Science (AMS), which is for line-officer candidates of the Air National Guard. (The term "line officer" derives from the concept of the line of battle and refers to an officer whose role falls somewhere within the "Line of the Air", meaning combat or combat-support operations within the scope of legitimate combatants as defined by the Geneva Conventions.)

Q1: USAF Officers can be commissioned after graduation from what school?
A1: United States Air Force Academy
Q2: What is another program that allows officers to become commissioned in the USAF?
A2: Air Force Officer Training School
Q3: Where is the OTS in the US currently located?
A3: Maxwell Air Force Base in Montgomery, Alabama
Q4: What is a line officer in the USAF?
A4: concept of the line of battle and refers to an officer whose role falls somewhere within the "Line of the Air"
Q5: How many commissioning programs does the OTS offer the USAF?
A5: two
The Air Force also provides Commissioned Officer Training (COT) for officers of all three components who are direct-commissioned to non-line positions due to their credentials in medicine, law, religion, biological sciences, or healthcare administration. Originally viewed as a "knife and fork school" that covered little beyond basic wear of the uniform, COT in recent years has been fully integrated into the OTS program and today encompasses extensive coursework as well as field exercises in leadership, confidence, fitness, and deployed-environment operations.

Q1: What does the Air Force provide for officers of direct to non-line positions?
A1: Commissioned Officer Training
Q2: What fields of study in the COT are included in this area of the USAF?
A2: medicine, law, religion, biological sciences, or healthcare administration
Q3: What is an example of the coursework now offered in the COT in the USAF?
A3: deployed-environment operations