romikgosai/squad_modified_2 huggingface dataset:
Calcutta (now Kolkata) was the capital of India during the British Raj until December 1911. However, Delhi had served as the political and financial centre of several empires of ancient India and the Delhi Sultanate, most notably of the Mughal Empire from 1649 to 1857. During the early 1900s, a proposal was made to the British administration to shift the capital of the British Indian Empire (as it was officially called) from Calcutta to Delhi. Unlike Calcutta, which was located on the eastern coast of India, Delhi was at the centre of northern India and the Government of British India felt that it would be logistically easier to administer India from the latter rather than the former.

Q1: What city was the capital of India until December 1911?
A1: Calcutta
Q2: What is the name of the city formerly known as Calcutta?
A2: Kolkata
Q3: What is the name of the empire for which Delhi served as the political and financial capital from 1649 to 1857?
A3: Mughal Empire
Q4: In the early 1900s, the capital of the British Indian Empire was shifted from Calcutta to what city?
A4: Delhi
Q5: In what part of India is Delhi located?
A5: the centre of northern India
On 12 December 1911, during the Delhi Durbar, George V, then Emperor of India, along with Queen Mary, his Consort, made the announcement that the capital of the Raj was to be shifted from Calcutta to Delhi, while laying the foundation stone for the Viceroy's residence in the Coronation Park, Kingsway Camp. The foundation stone of New Delhi was laid by King George V and Queen Mary at the site of Delhi Durbar of 1911 at Kingsway Camp on 15 December 1911, during their imperial visit. Large parts of New Delhi were planned by Edwin Lutyens (Sir Edwin from 1918), who first visited Delhi in 1912, and Herbert Baker (Sir Herbert from 1926), both leading 20th-century British architects. The contract was given to Sobha Singh (later Sir Sobha Singh). Construction really began after World War I and was completed by 1931. The city that was later dubbed "Lutyens' Delhi" was inaugurated in ceremonies beginning on 10 February 1931 by Lord Irwin, the Viceroy. Lutyens designed the central administrative area of the city as a testament to Britain's imperial aspirations.

Q1: Who announced that the capital of India would be moved from Calcutta to Delhi?
A1: George V
Q2: On what date was it announced that the capital of India would be moved to Delhi?
A2: 12 December 1911
Q3: Who laid the foundation stone of New Delhi?
A3: King George V and Queen Mary
Q4: Who is responsible for designing large parts of New Delhi?
A4: Edwin Lutyens
Q5: On what date did inauguration ceremonies for New Delhi begin?
A5: 10 February 1931
Soon Lutyens started considering other places. Indeed, the Delhi Town Planning Committee, set up to plan the new imperial capital, with George Swinton as chairman and John A. Brodie and Lutyens as members, submitted reports for both North and South sites. However, it was rejected by the Viceroy when the cost of acquiring the necessary properties was found to be too high. The central axis of New Delhi, which today faces east at India Gate, was previously meant to be a north-south axis linking the Viceroy's House at one end with Paharganj at the other. During the project's early years, many tourists believed it was a gate from Earth to Heaven itself. Eventually, owing to space constraints and the presence of a large number of heritage sites in the North side, the committee settled on the South site. A site atop the Raisina Hill, formerly Raisina Village, a Meo village, was chosen for the Rashtrapati Bhawan, then known as the Viceroy's House. The reason for this choice was that the hill lay directly opposite the Dinapanah citadel, which was also considered the site of Indraprastha, the ancient region of Delhi. Subsequently, the foundation stone was shifted from the site of Delhi Durbar of 1911–1912, where the Coronation Pillar stood, and embedded in the walls of the forecourt of the Secretariat. The Rajpath, also known as King's Way, stretched from the India Gate to the Rashtrapati Bhawan. The Secretariat building, the two blocks of which flank the Rashtrapati Bhawan and houses ministries of the Government of India, and the Parliament House, both designed by Herbert Baker, are located at the Sansad Marg and run parallel to the Rajpath.

Q1: Who rejected the proposals of Brodie and Lutyens?
A1: the Viceroy
Q2: Which site was eventually chosen by the Delhi Town Planning Committee?
A2: the South site
Q3: Raisina Hill lay directly opposite what religious site?
A3: Dinapanah citadel
Q4: The Rajpath was also known by what name?
A4: King's Way
Q5: Who designed the Parliament House of New Delhi?
A5: Herbert Baker
In the south, land up to Safdarjung's Tomb was acquired in order to create what is today known as Lutyens' Bungalow Zone. Before construction could begin on the rocky ridge of Raisina Hill, a circular railway line around the Council House (now Parliament House), called the Imperial Delhi Railway, was built to transport construction material and workers for the next twenty years. The last stumbling block was the Agra-Delhi railway line that cut right through the site earmarked for the hexagonal All-India War Memorial (India Gate) and Kingsway (Rajpath), which was a problem because the Old Delhi Railway Station served the entire city at that time. The line was shifted to run along the Yamuna river, and it began operating in 1924. The New Delhi Railway Station opened in 1926 with a single platform at Ajmeri Gate near Paharganj and was completed in time for the city's inauguration in 1931. As construction of the Viceroy's House (the present Rashtrapati Bhavan), Central Secretariat, Parliament House, and All-India War Memorial (India Gate) was winding down, the building of a shopping district and a new plaza, Connaught Place, began in 1929, and was completed by 1933. Named after Prince Arthur, 1st Duke of Connaught (1850–1942), it was designed by Robert Tor Russell, chief architect to the Public Works Department (PWD).

Q1: The construction of Connaught Place was completed in what year?
A1: 1933
Q2: On what hill did construction of Lutyen's Bungalow Zone begin?
A2: Raisina Hill
Q3: The Imperial Delhi Railway was built to transport workers and materials for how many years?
A3: twenty years
Q4: In what year did the Imperial Delhi Railway line begin operating?
A4: 1924
Q5: In what year did the New Delhi Railway Station open?
A5: 1926
After the capital of India moved to Delhi, a temporary secretariat building was constructed in a few months in 1912 in North Delhi. Most of the government offices of the new capital moved here from the 'Old secretariat' in Old Delhi (the building now houses the Delhi Legislative Assembly), a decade before the new capital was inaugurated in 1931. Many employees were brought into the new capital from distant parts of India, including the Bengal Presidency and Madras Presidency. Subsequently housing for them was developed around Gole Market area in the 1920s. Built in the 1940s, to house government employees, with bungalows for senior officials in the nearby Lodhi Estate area, Lodhi colony near historic Lodhi Gardens, was the last residential areas built by the British Raj.

Q1: A temporary secretariat building was built in New Delhi in what year?
A1: 1912
Q2: In what year what New Delhi inaugurated as the capital of India?
A2: 1931
Q3: Housing for employees was built in what area during the 1920s?
A3: Gole Market area
Q4: What was the name of the last residential area built by the British Raj?
A4: Lodhi colony
Q5: During what decade was the Lodhi colony built?
A5: the 1940s
After India gained independence in 1947, a limited autonomy was conferred to New Delhi and was administered by a Chief Commissioner appointed by the Government of India. In 1956, Delhi was converted into a union territory and eventually the Chief Commissioner was replaced by a Lieutenant Governor. The Constitution (Sixty-ninth Amendment) Act, 1991 declared the Union Territory of Delhi to be formally known as National Capital Territory of Delhi. A system was introduced under which the elected Government was given wide powers, excluding law and order which remained with the Central Government. The actual enforcement of the legislation came in 1993.

Q1: In what year did India gain independence?
A1: 1947
Q2: In what year was Delhi converted into a union territory?
A2: 1956
Q3: What is the name of the act that caused the Union Territory of Delhi to become formally known as the National Capital Territory of Delhi?
A3: The Constitution (Sixty-ninth Amendment) Act
Q4: The enforcement of the legislation of the Constitution Act began in what year?
A4: 1993
Q5: In 1956, Delhi was converted into what type of territory?
A5: a union territory
The first major extension of New Delhi outside of Lutyens' Delhi came in the 1950s when the Central Public Works Department (CPWD) developed a large area of land southwest of Lutyens' Delhi to create the diplomatic enclave of Chanakyapuri, where land was allotted for embassies, chanceries, high commissions and residences of ambassadors, around wide central vista, Shanti Path.

Q1: In what decade did New Delhi first extend significantly from Lutyen's Delhi?
A1: the 1950s
Q2: What organization developed land to expand New Delhi in the 1950s?
A2: the Central Public Works Department
Q3: What was the name of the enclave created by the Central Public Works Department?
A3: Chanakyapuri
Q4: In which direction did Chanakyapuri extend from New Delhi?
A4: southwest
Q5: What was one use of the uses for the newly developed land of Chanakypuri?
A5: residences of ambassadors
With a total area of 42.7 km2 (16.5 sq mi), New Delhi forms a small part of the Delhi metropolitan area. Because the city is located on the Indo-Gangetic Plain, there is little difference in elevation across the city. New Delhi and surrounding areas were once a part of the Aravalli Range; all that is left of those mountains is the Delhi Ridge, which is also called the Lungs of Delhi. While New Delhi lies on the floodplains of the Yamuna River, it is essentially a landlocked city. East of the river is the urban area of Shahdara. New Delhi falls under the seismic zone-IV, making it vulnerable to earthquakes.

Q1: What is the total area of New Delhi in square miles?
A1: 16.5 sq mi
Q2: On what plain is New Delhi located?
A2: the Indo-Gangetic Plain
Q3: The Delhi Ridge is also referred to by what name?
A3: the Lungs of Delhi
Q4: New Delhi is located on the floodplains of what river?
A4: Yamuna River
Q5: What seismic zone does New Delhi fall under?
A5: seismic zone-IV
New Delhi lies on several fault lines and thus experiences frequent earthquakes, most of them of mild intensity. There has, however, been a spike in the number of earthquakes in the last six years, most notable being a 5.4 magnitude earthquake in 2015 with its epicentre in Nepal, a 4.7-magnitude earthquake on 25 November 2007, a 4.2-magnitude earthquake on 7 September 2011, a 5.2-magnitude earthquake on 5 March 2012, and a swarm of twelve earthquakes, including four of magnitudes 2.5, 2.8, 3.1, and 3.3, on 12 November 2013.

Q1: What was the magnitude of the notable 2015 earthquake that shook New Delhi?
A1: 5.4 magnitude
Q2: A 4.7 magnitude earthquake that affected New Delhi occurred on what date?
A2: 25 November 2007
Q3: What was the magnitude of the earthquake that affected New Delhi on September 2011?
A3: 4.2-magnitude
Q4: How many earthquakes occurred on March 5, 2012?
A4: twelve
Q5: What is the geographical feature New Delhi lies on that is responsible for frequent earthquakes?
A5: fault lines
The climate of New Delhi is a monsoon-influenced humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cwa) with high variation between summer and winter in terms of both temperature and rainfall. The temperature varies from 46 °C (115 °F) in summers to around 0 °C (32 °F) in winters. The area's version of a humid subtropical climate is noticeably different from many other cities with this climate classification in that it features long and very hot summers, relatively dry and mild winters, a monsoonal period, and dust storms. Summers are long, extending from early April to October, with the monsoon season occurring in the middle of the summer. Winter starts in November and peaks in January. The annual mean temperature is around 25 °C (77 °F); monthly daily mean temperatures range from approximately 14 to 34 °C (57 to 93 °F). New Delhi's highest temperature ever recorded is 49.1 °C (120.4 °F) while the lowest temperature ever recorded is −3.2 °C (26.2 °F). Those for Delhi metropolis stand at 49.9 °C (121.8 °F) and −3.2 °C (26.2 °F) respectively. The average annual rainfall is 784 millimetres (30.9 in), most of which is during the monsoons in July and August.

Q1: In what type of climate is New Delhi located?
A1: subtropical climate
Q2: Between which months do New Delhi's long summers last?
A2: April to October
Q3: When does the monsoon season occur in New Delhi?
A3: the middle of the summer
Q4: What is the annual mean temperature of New Delhi?
A4: 25 °C (77 °F)
Q5: What is the highest ever recorded temperature in New Delhi?
A5: 49.1 °C (120.4 °F)
In recent Mercer’s 2015 annual quality-of-living survey, New Delhi ranks at number 154 out of 230 cities due to bad air quality and pollution. The World Health Organization ranked New Delhi as the world’s worst polluted city in 2014 among about 1,600 cities the organization tracked around the world.

Q1: What is New Delhi's rank in Mercer's 2015 quality of living survey?
A1: 154
Q2: What is the main cause of New Delhi's relatively low ranking in Mercer's quality of life survey?
A2: bad air quality and pollution
Q3: New Delhi was ranked as the world's worst polluted city by what organization?
A3: The World Health Organization
Q4: How many cities were tracked for pollution by the World Health Organization in 2014?
A4: 1,600
Q5: How many cities were studied in Mercer's 2015 quality of living survey?
A5: 230
In an attempt to curb air pollution in New Delhi, which gets worst during the winter, a temporary alternate-day travel scheme for cars using the odd- and even-numbered license plates system was announced by Delhi government in December 2015. In addition, trucks will be allowed to enter India's capital only after 11 p.m., two hours later than the existing restriction. The driving restriction scheme is planned to be implemented as a trial from January 1, 2016 for an initial period of 15 days. The restriction will be in force between 8 a.m. and 8 p.m., and traffic will not be restricted on Sundays. Public transportation service will be increased during the restriction period.

Q1: In what season does New Delhi's air pollution worsen?
A1: winter
Q2: What method was introduced in December 2015 to reduce New Delhi's air pollution?
A2: alternate-day travel
Q3: New Delhi's alternate-day travel scheme allowed trucks to enter the city after what hour?
A3: 11 p.m
Q4: How long is the initial trial period for New Delhi's driving restriction scheme?
A4: 15 days
Q5: On what day of the week will travel remain unrestricted by New Delhi's alternate day driving scheme?
A5: Sundays
On December 16, 2015, the Supreme Court of India mandated several restrictions on Delhi's transportation system to curb pollution. Among the measures, the court ordered to stop registrations of diesel cars and sport utility vehicles with an engine capacity of 2,000 cc and over until March 31, 2016. The court also ordered all taxis in the Delhi region to switch to compressed natural gas by March 1, 2016. Transportation vehicles that are more than 10 years old were banned from entering the capital.

Q1: On what date did the Supreme Court of India enact restrictions on Delhi's transportation system to reduce pollution?
A1: December 16, 2015
Q2: The Supreme Court restricted registration of some vehicles with engines of 2000 cc and over until what date?
A2: March 31, 2016
Q3: All taxis in Delhi were ordered to switch to what type of fuel by March 1, 2016?
A3: compressed natural gas
Q4: Which transportation vehicles were banned from entering New Delhi?
A4: vehicles that are more than 10 years old
Q5: New restrictions on New Delhi's transportation system were enacted by the Supreme Court to accomplish what goal?
A5: curb pollution
The national capital of India, New Delhi is jointly administered by both the Central Government of India and the local Government of Delhi, it is also the capital of the National Capital Territory (NCT) of Delhi.

Q1: New Delhi is the capital of what National Capital Territory?
A1: Delhi
Q2: What is the national capital of India?
A2: New Delhi
Q3: The local Government of Delhi and the Central Government of India jointly administer what city?
A3: New Delhi
Q4: What city is the official capital of the National Capital Territory of Delhi?
A4: New Delhi
Q5: What is the name of one government body that oversees the capital of New Delhi?
A5: the Central Government of India
As of 2015, the government structure of the New Delhi Municipal Council includes a chairperson, three members of New Delhi's Legislative Assembly, two members nominated by the Chief Minister of the NCT of Delhi and five members nominated by the central government.

Q1: The government structure of the New Delhi Municipal Council includes three members from what government body?
A1: New Delhi's Legislative Assembly
Q2: What government body is responsible for nominating five members to the New Delhi Municipal Council?
A2: the central government
Q3: What government official is responsible for nominating two members to the New Delhi Municipal Council?
A3: Chief Minister of the NCT of Delhi
Q4: The Chief Minister of what NCT is responsible for nominating two members to the New Delhi Municipal Council?
A4: NCT of Delhi
Q5: What is the name of the government structure created for New Delhi that is comprised of ten representatives?
A5: New Delhi Municipal Council
The head of state of Delhi is the Lieutenant Governor of the Union Territory of Delhi, appointed by the President of India on the advice of the Central government and the post is largely ceremonial, as the Chief Minister of the Union Territory of Delhi is the head of government and is vested with most of the executive powers. According to the Indian constitution, if a law passed by Delhi's legislative assembly is repugnant to any law passed by the Parliament of India, then the law enacted by the parliament will prevail over the law enacted by the assembly.

Q1: What is the official title of Delhi's head of state?
A1: Lieutenant Governor of the Union Territory of Delhi
Q2: Who is responsible for appointing the Lieutenant Governor of the Union Territory of Delhi?
A2: President of India
Q3: Which takes precedent when a law passed by Parliament conflicts with a law passed by Delhi's Legislative assembly?
A3: the law enacted by the parliament
Q4: What government body advises the president on appointing a Lieutenant Governor?
A4: the Central government
Q5: Which government position is given most of the executive powers over Delhi?
A5: Chief Minister of the Union Territory of Delhi
New Delhi is governed through a municipal government, known as the New Delhi Municipal Council (NDMC). Other urban areas of the metropolis of Delhi are administered by the Municipal Corporation of Delhi (MCD). However, the entire metropolis of Delhi is commonly known as New Delhi in contrast to Old Delhi.

Q1: What is the name of the municipal government by which New Delhi is governed?
A1: New Delhi Municipal Council (NDMC)
Q2: What government body is responsible for administering other urban areas of the metropolis of Delhi?
A2: Municipal Corporation of Delhi (MCD)
Q3: What is the name commonly used to refer to the entire metropolis of Delhi?
A3: New Delhi
Q4: The New Delhi Municipal Government oversees what large Indian city?
A4: New Delhi
Q5: What form of government is responsible for the municipality of New Delhi?
A5: a municipal government
Much of New Delhi, planned by the leading 20th-century British architect Edwin Lutyens, was laid out to be the central administrative area of the city as a testament to Britain's imperial pretensions. New Delhi is structured around two central promenades called the Rajpath and the Janpath. The Rajpath, or King's Way, stretches from the Rashtrapati Bhavan to the India Gate. The Janpath (Hindi: "Path of the People"), formerly Queen's Way, begins at Connaught Circus and cuts the Rajpath at right angles. 19 foreign embassies are located on the nearby Shantipath (Hindi: "Path of Peace"), making it the largest diplomatic enclave in India.

Q1: What British architect was responsible for designing much of New Delhi?
A1: Edwin Lutyens
Q2: What are the names of the two central promenades around which New Delhi is structured?
A2: Rajpath and the Janpath
Q3: Which of the two promenades is referred to as The King's Way?
A3: the Rajpath
Q4: Which promenade was formerly known as the Queen's Way?
A4: The Janpath
Q5: The largest diplomatic enclave in India which contains 19 foreign embassies is located along which promenade?
A5: Shantipath
At the heart of the city is the magnificent Rashtrapati Bhavan (formerly known as Viceroy's House) which sits atop Raisina Hill. The Secretariat, which houses ministries of the Government of India, flanks out of the Rashtrapati Bhavan. The Parliament House, designed by Herbert Baker, is located at the Sansad Marg, which runs parallel to the Rajpath. Connaught Place is a large, circular commercial area in New Delhi, modelled after the Royal Crescent in England. Twelve separate roads lead out of the outer ring of Connaught Place, one of them being the Janpath.

Q1: Formerly known as the Viceroy's House, which large building is located at the heart of New Delhi?
A1: Rashtrapati Bhavan
Q2: The Rashtrapati Bhavan was formerly known by what name?
A2: Viceroy's House
Q3: Connaught Place in New Delhi is modeled after what area of England?
A3: the Royal Crescent
Q4: How many roads lead out of the outer ring of Connaught Place?
A4: Twelve
Indira Gandhi International Airport, situated to the southwest of Delhi, is the main gateway for the city's domestic and international civilian air traffic. In 2012-13, the airport was used by more than 35 million passengers, making it one of the busiest airports in South Asia. Terminal 3, which cost ₹96.8 billion (US$1.4 billion) to construct between 2007 and 2010, handles an additional 37 million passengers annually.

Q1: What major airport is located to the southwest of Delhi?
A1: Indira Gandhi International Airport
Q2: Approximately how many passengers used Indira Gandhi Airport from 2012-2013?
A2: 35 million
Q3: How much money did Terminal 3 of Indira Gandhi International Airport cost to construct?
A3: ₹96.8 billion
Q4: How many passengers use Terminal 3 of Indira Gandhi Airport each year?
A4: 37 million
Q5: What year was construction of Terminal 3 of Indira Gandhi airport finished?
A5: 2010
The Delhi Flying Club, established in 1928 with two de Havilland Moth aircraft named Delhi and Roshanara, was based at Safdarjung Airport which started operations in 1929, when it was the Delhi's only airport and the second in India. The airport functioned until 2001, however in January 2002 the government closed the airport for flying activities because of security concerns following the New York attacks in September 2001. Since then, the club only carries out aircraft maintenance courses, and is used for helicopter rides to Indira Gandhi International Airport for VIP including the president and the prime minister.

Q1: The Delhi Flying Club was established in what year?
A1: 1928
Q2: When established in 1928, which airport served as the base of the Delhi Flying Club?
A2: Safdarjung Airport
Q3: In what year did the government close Safdarjung Airport due to security concerns?
A3: 2002
Q4: In what year did the Delhi Flying club begin operations?
A4: 1929
Q5: What type of aircraft was first used by the Delhi Flying Club after its founding?
A5: de Havilland Moth aircraft