romikgosai/squad_modified_2 huggingface dataset:
Victoria's youngest son, Leopold, was affected by the blood-clotting disease haemophilia B and two of her five daughters, Alice and Beatrice, were carriers. Royal haemophiliacs descended from Victoria included her great-grandsons, Tsarevich Alexei of Russia, Alfonso, Prince of Asturias, and Infante Gonzalo of Spain. The presence of the disease in Victoria's descendants, but not in her ancestors, led to modern speculation that her true father was not the Duke of Kent but a haemophiliac. There is no documentary evidence of a haemophiliac in connection with Victoria's mother, and as male carriers always suffer the disease, even if such a man had existed he would have been seriously ill. It is more likely that the mutation arose spontaneously because Victoria's father was over 50 at the time of her conception and haemophilia arises more frequently in the children of older fathers. Spontaneous mutations account for about a third of cases.

Q1: What blood clotting disease did Victorias youngest son have?
A1: haemophilia B
Q2: How many of Victorias daughters were carriers of the blood clotting disease that Leopold had?
A2: two
Q3: It was believed that Victorias true father was a hemophiliac and not who?
A3: the Duke of Kent
Q4: What is the sex of carriers that always suffer the blood clotting disease haemophi;ia B?
A4: male
Q5: How old was Victorias father at the time of her conception?
A5: over 50
Q6: What disease did Victoria's youngest son have?
A6: the blood-clotting disease haemophilia B
Q7: Which two of Victoria's daughters also were carriers for the blood clotting disorder?
A7: Alice and Beatrice
Q8: Who was Queen Victoria's father rumored to be instead of the Duke of Kent?
A8: a haemophiliac
Q9: What disease affected Leopold and was carried by two of Victoria's daughters?
A9: haemophilia B
Q10: Which Royal haemophiliacs are said to have descended from Victoria?
A10: Tsarevich Alexei of Russia, Alfonso, Prince of Asturias, and Infante Gonzalo of Spain
Q11: Which of Victoria's daughters were carriers of haemophilia?
A11: Alice and Beatrice
Q12: What is a big factor on whether or not an offspring will spontaneously develop haemophilia?
A12: older fathers
Q13: In how many births do spontaneous cases of haemophilia arise?
A13: about a third of cases
Victoria was the daughter of Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn, the fourth son of King George III. Both the Duke of Kent and King George III died in 1820, and Victoria was raised under close supervision by her German-born mother Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld. She inherited the throne aged 18, after her father's three elder brothers had all died, leaving no surviving legitimate children. The United Kingdom was already an established constitutional monarchy, in which the sovereign held relatively little direct political power. Privately, Victoria attempted to influence government policy and ministerial appointments; publicly, she became a national icon who was identified with strict standards of personal morality.

Q1: Who was Queen Victorias father?
A1: Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn, the fourth son of King George III
Q2: What year did Victorias Father die?
A2: 1820
Q3: How old was Victoria when she inherited the throne?
A3: 18
Q4: What year did King George III die?
A4: 1820
Q5: What nationality was Queen Victorias mother?
A5: German
Q6: What was the name of Victoria's father?
A6: Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn
Q7: When did the Duke of Kent die?
A7: 1820
Q8: What was Victoria's mother's name?
A8: Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld
Q9: At what age did Victoria inherit the throne, upon the death of her father's three eldest brothers?
A9: 18
Q10: Who was Victoria's father?
A10: Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn, the fourth son of King George III
Q11: Who raised Victoria?
A11: mother Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld
Q12: When did Victoria inherit the throne of England?
A12: aged 18
Q13: Why did Victoria inherit the throne?
A13: her father's three elder brothers had all died, leaving no surviving legitimate children
Q14: What kind of government did England have at the time?
A14: constitutional monarchy
At birth, Victoria was fifth in the line of succession after her father and his three older brothers: the Prince Regent, the Duke of York, and the Duke of Clarence (later William IV). The Prince Regent and the Duke of York were estranged from their wives, who were both past child-bearing age, so the two eldest brothers were unlikely to have any further children. The Dukes of Kent and Clarence married on the same day 12 months before Victoria's birth, but both of Clarence's daughters (born in 1819 and 1820 respectively) died as infants. Victoria's grandfather and father died in 1820, within a week of each other, and the Duke of York died in 1827. On the death of her uncle George IV in 1830, Victoria became heiress presumptive to her next surviving uncle, William IV. The Regency Act 1830 made special provision for the Duchess of Kent to act as regent in case William died while Victoria was still a minor. King William distrusted the Duchess's capacity to be regent, and in 1836 declared in her presence that he wanted to live until Victoria's 18th birthday, so that a regency could be avoided.

Q1: What was Victorias place in line of succession to the throne when she was born?
A1: fifth
Q2: What year did Victoria's father and grandfather die?
A2: 1820
Q3: What year did Victorias Uncle George IV die?
A3: 1830
Q4: What was th elength of time between the deaths of Victoria's father and grandfather?
A4: within a week of each other
Q5: What year did the Duke of York die?
A5: 1827
Q6: What place was Victoria in the line of succession after her birth?
A6: fifth
Q7: Whose infant daugheters both died, leaving him without an heir to the throne of England?
A7: Duke of Clarence
Q8: When did George IV die?
A8: 1830
Q9: What was the Regency Act of 1830?
A9: made special provision for the Duchess of Kent to act as regent in case William died while Victoria was still a minor.
Q10: Who distrusted the Duchesses capability to reign in Victoria's place until she became of age?
A10: King William
Q11: Where did Victoria fall in the line of succession?
A11: fifth
Q12: Who came in line for the throne before Victoria?
A12: her father and his three older brothers
Q13: What happened when Victoria's Uncle George IV died?
A13: became heiress presumptive to her next surviving uncle
Q14: Who was Victoria's last surviving uncle?
A14: William IV
Q15: Who was to act as regent if George died while Victoria was still a minor?
A15: Duchess of Kent
Victoria turned 18 on 24 May 1837, and a regency was avoided. On 20 June 1837, William IV died at the age of 71, and Victoria became Queen of the United Kingdom. In her diary she wrote, "I was awoke at 6 o'clock by Mamma, who told me the Archbishop of Canterbury and Lord Conyngham were here and wished to see me. I got out of bed and went into my sitting-room (only in my dressing gown) and alone, and saw them. Lord Conyngham then acquainted me that my poor Uncle, the King, was no more, and had expired at 12 minutes past 2 this morning, and consequently that I am Queen." Official documents prepared on the first day of her reign described her as Alexandrina Victoria, but the first name was withdrawn at her own wish and not used again.

Q1: On what date did Victoria turn 18?
A1: 24 May 1837
Q2: On what date did William IV die?
A2: 20 June 1837
Q3: How old was William IV when he died?
A3: 71
Q4: What was the exact time that Victorias Uncle, the King, died?
A4: 12 minutes past 2
Q5: What is the name given to Victoria on official documents?
A5: Alexandrina Victoria
Q6: When did Victoria turn 18?
A6: 24 May 1837
Q7: When did Victoria become Queen upon William IV's death?
A7: 20 June 1837
Q8: What name was Victoria referred to as on only the first day of her reign?
A8: Alexandrina Victoria
Q9: How old was Victoria's Uncle, King Willaim on his death?
A9: 71
Q10: Who informed Victoria of her Uncle's passing and that she was now to become Queen of England?
A10: the Archbishop of Canterbury and Lord Conyngham
Q11: What caused Victoria to become the Queen of the United Kingdom?
A11: 20 June 1837, William IV died
Q12: Who came to tell Victoria that she was to be Queen of the United Kingdom?
A12: Archbishop of Canterbury and Lord Conyngham
Q13: What name did the first official documents of Victoria's monarchy have her listed as?
A13: Alexandrina Victoria
Q14: How old was William IV when he died?
A14: 71
Q15: Where did she receive the news that she was to be queen?
A15: sitting-room
Though queen, as an unmarried young woman Victoria was required by social convention to live with her mother, despite their differences over the Kensington System and her mother's continued reliance on Conroy. Her mother was consigned to a remote apartment in Buckingham Palace, and Victoria often refused to see her. When Victoria complained to Melbourne that her mother's close proximity promised "torment for many years", Melbourne sympathised but said it could be avoided by marriage, which Victoria called a "schocking  [sic] alternative". She showed interest in Albert's education for the future role he would have to play as her husband, but she resisted attempts to rush her into wedlock.

Q1: What was the marital status of Victoria when she became the queen?
A1: unmarried
Q2: Whi did Victoria have to live with because she was unmarried?
A2: her mother
Q3: Victoria and her mother had differences over what system?
A3: Kensington System
Q4: Victoria and her mother had differences over her mothers reliances on who?
A4: Conroy
Q5: Where was Victorias mother assigned to live?
A5: a remote apartment in Buckingham Palace
Q6: What did Victoria and her mother disagree on?
A6: the Kensington System
Q7: Whom did Victoria's mother continue to rely on, despite Victoria's displeasure?
A7: Conroy
Q8: To whom did Queen Victoria lament that marriage was a shocking alternative to her mother's prescence?
A8: Melbourne
Q9: Where did both Queen Victoria and her mother reside after she became Queen?
A9: Buckingham Palace
Q10: Where did Victoria live at the beginning of her reign?
A10: with her mother
Q11: Why did Victoria live with her mother at the beginning of her reign?
A11: was required by social convention
Q12: What could have allowed Victoria freedom from living with her mother?
A12: marriage
Q13: How did Victoria feel about having to be married in order to escape living with her mother?
A13: a "schocking  [sic] alternative"
Q14: How did Victoria feel about the prospect of having to live with her mother, no matter how far away in the palace they put her?
A14: close proximity promised "torment for many years"
On 29 May 1842, Victoria was riding in a carriage along The Mall, London, when John Francis aimed a pistol at her but the gun did not fire; he escaped. The following day, Victoria drove the same route, though faster and with a greater escort, in a deliberate attempt to provoke Francis to take a second aim and catch him in the act. As expected, Francis shot at her, but he was seized by plain-clothes policemen, and convicted of high treason. On 3 July, two days after Francis's death sentence was commuted to transportation for life, John William Bean also tried to fire a pistol at the Queen, but it was loaded only with paper and tobacco and had too little charge. Edward Oxford felt that the attempts were encouraged by his acquittal in 1840. Bean was sentenced to 18 months in jail. In a similar attack in 1849, unemployed Irishman William Hamilton fired a powder-filled pistol at Victoria's carriage as it passed along Constitution Hill, London. In 1850, the Queen did sustain injury when she was assaulted by a possibly insane ex-army officer, Robert Pate. As Victoria was riding in a carriage, Pate struck her with his cane, crushing her bonnet and bruising her forehead. Both Hamilton and Pate were sentenced to seven years' transportation.

Q1: What was the name of the man that tried to shoot Queen Victoria?
A1: John Francis
Q2: Why did Francis fail to kill Queen Victoria?
A2: the gun did not fire
Q3: On what date did John Francis try to shoot Queen Victoria?
A3: 29 May 1842
Q4: Where was Queen Victoria when Francis tried to shoot her?
A4: riding in a carriage along The Mall, London
Q5: What happened to Francis after his attempt to shoot Victoria?
A5: he escaped
Q6: Who made two unsuccessful attempts on Queen Victoria's life in 1842?
A6: John Francis
Q7: What was John Francis's eventual sentence for the attempt on the Queens life?
A7: transportation for life
Q8: Who shot at Queen Victoria on July 3, days after John Francis's sentence was commuted?
A8: John William Bean
Q9: Who fired a shot at Queen Victoria's carriage in 1849?
A9: William Hamilton
Q10: What person recieved a seven year transportation sentence for striking Victoria on the head with his cane?
A10: Robert Pate
Q11: Who escaped Victoria's guards after attempting to fire a shot at her?
A11: John Francis
Q12: What happened to John Francis after his second attempt to fire on the Queen?
A12: death sentence was commuted to transportation for life
Q13: What did John William Bean try to fire at Queen Victoria?
A13: paper and tobacco
Q14: What were the consequences of John William Bean's attempt to fire at the Queen?
A14: 18 months in jail
Q15: When did William Hamilton fire a powder charge at Victoria's carriage?
A15: 1849
Russell's ministry, though Whig, was not favoured by the Queen. She found particularly offensive the Foreign Secretary, Lord Palmerston, who often acted without consulting the Cabinet, the Prime Minister, or the Queen. Victoria complained to Russell that Palmerston sent official dispatches to foreign leaders without her knowledge, but Palmerston was retained in office and continued to act on his own initiative, despite her repeated remonstrances. It was only in 1851 that Palmerston was removed after he announced the British government's approval of President Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte's coup in France without consulting the Prime Minister. The following year, President Bonaparte was declared Emperor Napoleon III, by which time Russell's administration had been replaced by a short-lived minority government led by Lord Derby.

Q1: What political party was Russells ministry?
A1: Whig
Q2: What was president Bonapartes name changed to?
A2: Emperor Napoleon III
Q3: What was the name of the foreign secretary that Victoria found offensive?
A3: Lord Palmerston
Q4: To whom did Victoria complain about Palmerston?
A4: Russell
Q5: What year was Palmerston removed from office?
A5: 1851
Q6: What position did Lord Palmerston hold?
A6: Foreign Secretary
Q7: What scandal prompted Palmerstons removal in 1851?
A7: he announced the British government's approval of President Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte's coup in France without consulting the Prime Minister
Q8: President Bonaparte was declared what in France?
A8: Emperor Napoleon III
Q9: Who briefly replaced Russell as Prime Minister?
A9: Lord Derby
Q10: What did Victoria express her displeasure at to Russell about Palmerton?
A10: Palmerston sent official dispatches to foreign leaders without her knowledge
Q11: Who was the Foreign Secretary of Russell's ministry?
A11: Lord Palmerston
Q12: To what party did Russell and Palmerston belong?
A12: Whig
Q13: What replaced Russell's administration?
A13: a short-lived minority government led by Lord Derby
Q14: What happened to President Bonaparte in 1852?
A14: declared Emperor Napoleon III
Q15: Whom did Palmerston fail to gain approval from befoe announcing the support of the British government of Napoleon's coup?
A15: Prime Minister
Eleven days after Orsini's assassination attempt in France, Victoria's eldest daughter married Prince Frederick William of Prussia in London. They had been betrothed since September 1855, when Princess Victoria was 14 years old; the marriage was delayed by the Queen and Prince Albert until the bride was 17. The Queen and Albert hoped that their daughter and son-in-law would be a liberalising influence in the enlarging Prussian state. Victoria felt "sick at heart" to see her daughter leave England for Germany; "It really makes me shudder", she wrote to Princess Victoria in one of her frequent letters, "when I look round to all your sweet, happy, unconscious sisters, and think I must give them up too – one by one." Almost exactly a year later, Princess Victoria gave birth to the Queen's first grandchild, Wilhelm, who would become the last German Kaiser.

Q1: Who did Victorias eldest daughter marry?
A1: Prince Frederick William of Prussia
Q2: Where did Victoria's oldest daughter get married?
A2: London
Q3: How old was Princess Victoria when she agreed to marry the Prince?
A3: 14
Q4: How old was Princess Victoria when she was married?
A4: 17
Q5: Where did princess Victoria move to after she was married?
A5: Germany
Q6: Who did Princess Victoria marry at the age of 17?
A6: Prince Frederick William of Prussia
Q7: How old was Princess Victoria when she became engaged to Prince Frederick?
A7: 14
Q8: Where did Princess Victoria and her husband leave for after their marriage?
A8: Germany
Q9: What was the name of Queen Victoria's first grandchild?
A9: Wilhelm
Q10: What position did Wilhelm later hold in Germany?
A10: last German Kaiser
Q11: When was Victoria's oldest daughter married?
A11: Eleven days after Orsini's assassination attempt
Q12: How old was Victoria's oldest daughter when she was amrried?
A12: 17
Q13: What did Queen Victoria hope for the marriage between her daughter and Prince Frederick William?
A13: liberalising influence in the enlarging Prussian state
Q14: Who was the Queen's first grandchild?
A14: Wilhelm
Q15: What future awaited the first grandson of Queen Victoria?
A15: the last German Kaiser
Victoria's father was Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn, the fourth son of the reigning King of the United Kingdom, George III. Until 1817, Edward's niece, Princess Charlotte of Wales, was the only legitimate grandchild of George III. Her death in 1817 precipitated a succession crisis that brought pressure on the Duke of Kent and his unmarried brothers to marry and have children. In 1818 he married Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, a widowed German princess with two children—Carl (1804–1856) and Feodora (1807–1872)—by her first marriage to the Prince of Leiningen. Her brother Leopold was Princess Charlotte's widower. The Duke and Duchess of Kent's only child, Victoria, was born at 4.15 a.m. on 24 May 1819 at Kensington Palace in London.

Q1: Who was Queen Victorias father?
A1: Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn
Q2: Who was the only grandchild of George iii until 1817?
A2: Princess Charlotte of Wales
Q3: Who was the reigning King of the United Kingdom until 1817?
A3: George III
Q4: What year did Princess Charlotte of Wales die?
A4: 1817
Q5: Who did the Duke of kent marry in 1818?
A5: Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld
Q6: Who was Queen Victorias father?
A6: Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn
Q7: Who was the only legitimate grandchild of George III?
A7: Princess Charlotte of Wales
Q8: Who did Prince Edward marry in 1818 in the hopes of producing a child?
A8: Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld
Q9: Who was Princess Victoria widowed from?
A9: Prince of Leiningen
Q10: What time was Queen Victoria born on May 24, 1819?
A10: 4.15 a.m
Q11: Who was Princess Charlotte married to until her death?
A11: Leopold
Q12: Who are Queen Victoria's mother and father?
A12: The Duke and Duchess of Kent
Q13: When was Queen Victoria born?
A13: 4.15 a.m. on 24 May 1819
Q14: What was Queen Victoria's father's official title?
A14: Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn, the fourth son of the reigning King of the United Kingdom, George III
Q15: What was Queen Victoria's mother's official title?
A15: Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld
Q16: Who were Princess Victoria's children from her previous marriage?
A16: Carl (1804–1856) and Feodora (1807–1872)
By 1836, the Duchess's brother, Leopold, who had been King of the Belgians since 1831, hoped to marry his niece to his nephew, Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha. Leopold, Victoria's mother, and Albert's father (Ernest I, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha) were siblings. Leopold arranged for Victoria's mother to invite her Coburg relatives to visit her in May 1836, with the purpose of introducing Victoria to Albert. William IV, however, disapproved of any match with the Coburgs, and instead favoured the suit of Prince Alexander of the Netherlands, second son of the Prince of Orange. Victoria was aware of the various matrimonial plans and critically appraised a parade of eligible princes. According to her diary, she enjoyed Albert's company from the beginning. After the visit she wrote, "[Albert] is extremely handsome; his hair is about the same colour as mine; his eyes are large and blue, and he has a beautiful nose and a very sweet mouth with fine teeth; but the charm of his countenance is his expression, which is most delightful." Alexander, on the other hand, was "very plain".

Q1: The Dutchesses brother Leopold was the King of what country?
A1: the Belgians
Q2: What year did Leopold become King of the Belgians?
A2: 1831
Q3: Who was the nephew of leopold?
A3: Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
Q4: Who was Alberts father?
A4: Ernest I, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
Q5: How did Victoria describe the physical appearance of Alexander?
A5: very plain
Q6: Who disapproved of the proposed marriage between Victoria and Albert?
A6: William IV
Q7: Who was the man William IV wanted Victoria to wed instead?
A7: Prince Alexander of the Netherlands
Q8: Prince Alexander was the second son of whom?
A8: Prince of Orange
Q9: What did Victoria think of her suiter, the Prince Alexander of Orange?
A9: very plain
Q10: How did Victoria feel about Albert?
A10: enjoyed Albert's company from the beginning
Q11: Who wanted to see Victoria and Albert marry?
A11: the Duchess's brother, Leopold
Q12: Who opposed Victoria marrying Albert, or any Coburg?
A12: William IV
Q13: Who did William IV feel was a suitable husband for Victoria?
A13: Prince Alexander of the Netherlands