romikgosai/squad_modified huggingface dataset:
Several annual events—many of them centered on performing and visual arts—draw visitors to Ann Arbor. One such event is the Ann Arbor Art Fairs, a set of four concurrent juried fairs held on downtown streets. Scheduled on Wednesday through Saturday of the third week of July, the fairs draw upward of half a million visitors. Another is the Ann Arbor Film Festival, held during the third week of March, which receives more than 2,500 submissions annually from more than 40 countries and serves as one of a handful of Academy Award–qualifying festivals in the United States.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What type of Art fairs are held at Ann Arbor?
A: juried fairs', '
Q: What is the name of the film festival held at Ann Arbor?
A: Ann Arbor Film Festival', '
Q: How many submissions does the Ann arbor film festival receive?
A: 2,500']
Ann Arbor has a long history of openness to marijuana, given Ann Arbor's decriminalization of cannabis, the large number of medical marijuana dispensaries in the city (one dispensary, called People's Co-op, was directly across the street from Michigan Stadium until zoning forced it to move one mile to the west), the large number of pro-marijuana residents, and the annual Hash Bash: an event that is held on the first Saturday of April. Until (at least) the successful passage of Michigan's medical marijuana law, the event had arguably strayed from its initial intent, although for years, a number of attendees have received serious legal responses due to marijuana use on University of Michigan property, which does not fall under the City's progressive and compassionate ticketing program.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What medical dispensarys are there in Ann Arbor?
A: medical marijuana dispensaries', "
Q: What are the Medical marijuana dispensaries called in the city?
A: People's Co-op", '
Q: What annual event is held on the 1st saturday of april?
A: annual Hash Bash']
Ann Arbor is a major scene of college sports, most notably at the University of Michigan, a member of the Big Ten Conference. Several well-known college sports facilities exist in the city, including Michigan Stadium, the largest American football stadium in the world. The stadium was completed in 1927 and cost more than $950,000 to build. It has a 109,901 seating capacity after multiple renovations were made. The stadium is colloquially known as "The Big House". Crisler Center and Yost Ice Arena play host to the school's basketball (both men's and women's) and ice hockey teams, respectively. Concordia University, a member of the NAIA, also fields sports teams.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: Who is the member of the Big Ten Conference in college sports in the city?
A: University of Michigan', '
Q: Which is the largest American football stadium in the world?
A: Michigan Stadium', '
Q: What is the Michigan Stadium called colloquially?
A: The Big House']
A person from Ann Arbor is called an "Ann Arborite", and many long-time residents call themselves "townies". The city itself is often called "A²" ("A-squared") or "A2" ("A two") or "AA", "The Deuce" (mainly by Chicagoans), and "Tree Town". With tongue-in-cheek reference to the city's liberal political leanings, some occasionally refer to Ann Arbor as "The People's Republic of Ann Arbor" or "25 square miles surrounded by reality", the latter phrase being adapted from Wisconsin Governor Lee Dreyfus's description of Madison, Wisconsin. In A Prairie Home Companion broadcast from Ann Arbor, Garrison Keillor described Ann Arbor as "a city where people discuss socialism, but only in the fanciest restaurants." Ann Arbor sometimes appears on citation indexes as an author, instead of a location, often with the academic degree MI, a misunderstanding of the abbreviation for Michigan. Ann Arbor has become increasingly gentrified in recent years.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What is a person from Ann Arbor called?
A: Ann Arborite', '
Q: In recent years what has Ann Arbor become?
A: gentrified', '
Q: Which city is referred to as the "People\'s Republic of Ann Arbor"?
A: Ann Arbor']
Ann Arbor has a council-manager form of government. The City Council has 11 voting members: the mayor and 10 city council members. The mayor and city council members serve two-year terms: the mayor is elected every even-numbered year, while half of the city council members are up for election annually (five in even-numbered and five in odd-numbered years). Two council members are elected from each of the city's five wards. The mayor is elected citywide. The mayor is the presiding officer of the City Council and has the power to appoint all Council committee members as well as board and commission members, with the approval of the City Council. The current mayor of Ann Arbor is Christopher Taylor, a Democrat who was elected as mayor in 2014. Day-to-day city operations are managed by a city administrator chosen by the city council.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What form of government does Ann Arbor have?
A: council-manager', '
Q: How many voting members are there in the city- council?
A: 11', '
Q: How many terms does the mayor of the city serve?
A: two-year', '
Q: Who is elected every even numbered year?
A: mayor', "
Q: How many council members are elected for the city's ward?
A: Two"]
Ann Arbor is part of Michigan's 12th congressional district, represented in Congress by Representative Debbie Dingell, a Democrat. On the state level, the city is part of the 18th district in the Michigan Senate, represented by Democrat Rebekah Warren. In the Michigan House of Representatives, representation is split between the 55th district (northern Ann Arbor, part of Ann Arbor Township, and other surrounding areas, represented by Democrat Adam Zemke), the 53rd district (most of downtown and the southern half of the city, represented by Democrat Jeff Irwin) and the 52nd district (southwestern areas outside Ann Arbor proper and western Washtenaw County, represented by Democrat Gretchen Driskell).

Questions and answers:
['
Q: Who represents the congress in Ann Arbor?
A: Debbie Dingell', '
Q: On a state level the city is part of which district number?
A: 18th district', '
Q: Who represents the city in Michigan senate?
A: Rebekah Warren']
Left-wing politics have been particularly strong in municipal government since the 1960s. Voters approved charter amendments that have lessened the penalties for possession of marijuana (1974), and that aim to protect access to abortion in the city should it ever become illegal in the State of Michigan (1990). In 1974, Kathy Kozachenko's victory in an Ann Arbor city-council race made her the country's first openly homosexual candidate to win public office. In 1975, Ann Arbor became the first U.S. city to use instant-runoff voting for a mayoral race. Adopted through a ballot initiative sponsored by the local Human Rights Party, which feared a splintering of the liberal vote, the process was repealed in 1976 after use in only one election. As of August 2009, Democrats hold the mayorship and all council seats. The left tilt of politics in the city has earned it the nickname "The People's Republic of Ann Arbor". Nationally, Ann Arbor is located in Michigan's 12th congressional district, represented by Democrat Debbie Dingell.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: Voters in the city approve which kind of amendment?
A: charter', '
Q: What kind of politics have been strong in the municipal government?
A: Left-wing politics', '
Q: Ann Arbor became the 1st city in the US to what type of voting in the Mayoral race?
A: instant-runoff']
Other local colleges and universities include Concordia University Ann Arbor, a Lutheran liberal-arts institution; a campus of the University of Phoenix; and Cleary University, a private business school. Washtenaw Community College is located in neighboring Ann Arbor Township. In 2000, the Ave Maria School of Law, a Roman Catholic law school established by Domino's Pizza founder Tom Monaghan, opened in northeastern Ann Arbor, but the school moved to Ave Maria, Florida in 2009, and the Thomas M. Cooley Law School acquired the former Ave Maria buildings for use as a branch campus.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: Name a private business school located in Ann arbor.
A: Cleary University', "
Q: Who founded Domino's pizza?
A: Tom Monaghan", '
Q: Which school acquired the former Ave Maria building after a Roman catholic school moved from there?
A: Thomas M. Cooley Law School']
Public schools are part of the Ann Arbor Public Schools (AAPS) district. AAPS has one of the country's leading music programs. In September 2008, 16,539 students had been enrolled in the Ann Arbor Public Schools. There were 21 elementary schools, five middle schools (Forsythe, Slauson, Tappan, Scarlett, and Clague) three traditional high schools (Pioneer, Huron, and Skyline), and three alternative high schools (Community High, Stone School, and Roberto Clemente) in the district. The district also operates a K-8 open school program, Ann Arbor Open School, out of the former Mack School. This program is open to all families who live within the district. Ann Arbor Public Schools also operates a preschool and family center, with programs for at-risk infants and children before kindergarten. The district has a preschool center with both free and tuition-based programs for preschoolers in the district.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: Ann Arbor has one of the leading programs in what subject?
A: music', '
Q: What program is open to the residents of Ann arbor?
A: Ann Arbor Open School', '
Q: In 2008, how many were enrolled in public schools?
A: 16,539']
The Ann Arbor News, owned by the Michigan-based Booth Newspapers chain, is the major daily newspaper serving Ann Arbor and the rest of Washtenaw County. The newspaper ended its 174-year print run in 2009, due to economic difficulties. It was replaced by AnnArbor.com, but returned to a limited print publication under its former name in 2013. Another Ann Arbor-based publication that has ceased production was the Ann Arbor Paper, a free monthly. Ann Arbor has been said to be the first significant city to lose its only daily paper. The Ann Arbor Chronicle, an online newspaper, covered local news, including meetings of the library board, county commission, and DDA until September 3, 2014.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: Who owns Ann Arbor news?
A: Booth Newspapers', '
Q: When did the Ann Arbor news end its print?
A: 2009', '
Q: Which was the only city in the US to loose its only daily paper?
A: Ann Arbor']
Current publications in the city include the Ann Arbor Journal (A2 Journal), a weekly community newspaper; the Ann Arbor Observer, a free monthly local magazine; the Ann Arbor Independent, a locally owned, independent weekly; and Current, a free entertainment-focused alt-weekly. The Ann Arbor Business Review covers local business in the area. Car and Driver magazine and Automobile Magazine are also based in Ann Arbor. The University of Michigan is served by many student publications, including the independent Michigan Daily student newspaper, which reports on local, state, and regional issues in addition to campus news.

Questions and answers:
["
Q: What magazine covers Ann Arbor's local businesses?
A: Ann Arbor Business Review", '
Q: Which automobile magazines are based from Ann Arbor?
A: Car and Driver magazine and Automobile Magazine', '
Q: Which university magazine reports local, state & regional issues in addition to campus news?
A: Michigan Daily student newspaper']
Four major AM radio stations based in or near Ann Arbor are WAAM 1600, a conservative news and talk station; WLBY 1290, a business news and talk station; WDEO 990, Catholic radio; and WTKA 1050, which is primarily a sports station. The city's FM stations include NPR affiliate WUOM 91.7; country station WWWW 102.9; and adult-alternative station WQKL 107.1. Freeform station WCBN-FM 88.3 is a local community radio/college radio station operated by the students of the University of Michigan featuring noncommercial, eclectic music and public-affairs programming. The city is also served by public and commercial radio broadcasters in Ypsilanti, the Lansing/Jackson area, Detroit, Windsor, and Toledo.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What is the name of the conservative AM radio channel in Ann arbor?
A: WAAM 1600', "
Q: What is the name of the city's FM radio channel?
A: WUOM 91.7", '
Q: What is the name of the local free community college radio?
A: WCBN-FM 88.3']
WPXD channel 31, an affiliate of the ION Television network, is licensed to the city. WHTV channel 18, a MyNetworkTV-affiliated station for the Lansing market, broadcasts from a transmitter in Lyndon Township, west of Ann Arbor. Community Television Network (CTN) is a city-provided cable television channel with production facilities open to city residents and nonprofit organizations. Detroit and Toledo-area radio and television stations also serve Ann Arbor, and stations from Lansing and Windsor, Ontario, can be heard in parts of the area.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: WPXD channel 31 is an affliate of which TV network?
A: ION', '
Q: What is the abbreviation of CTN?
A: Community Television Network']
Gothic architecture is a style of architecture that flourished during the high and late medieval period. It evolved from Romanesque architecture and was succeeded by Renaissance architecture. Originating in 12th-century France and lasting into the 16th century, Gothic architecture was known during the period as Opus Francigenum ("French work") with the term Gothic first appearing during the later part of the Renaissance. Its characteristics include the pointed arch, the ribbed vault and the flying buttress. Gothic architecture is most familiar as the architecture of many of the great cathedrals, abbeys and churches of Europe. It is also the architecture of many castles, palaces, town halls, guild halls, universities and to a less prominent extent, private dwellings, such as dorms and rooms.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What is one time period in which Gothic architecture flourished?
A: late medieval period', '
Q: What style of architecture did Gothic architecture evolve from?
A: Romanesque architecture', '
Q: What style of architecture came after the Gothic style?
A: Renaissance architecture', '
Q: Where did the Gothic architecture style originate?
A: France', '
Q: Gothic architecture is known for being commonly used in cathedrals and churches, what is one example of a lesser known type of structure in which Gothic architecture has been used?
A: private dwellings, such as dorms and rooms']
It is in the great churches and cathedrals and in a number of civic buildings that the Gothic style was expressed most powerfully, its characteristics lending themselves to appeals to the emotions, whether springing from faith or from civic pride. A great number of ecclesiastical buildings remain from this period, of which even the smallest are often structures of architectural distinction while many of the larger churches are considered priceless works of art and are listed with UNESCO as World Heritage Sites. For this reason a study of Gothic architecture is largely a study of cathedrals and churches.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What is an example of where the Gothic style is expressed most strongly?
A: churches and cathedrals', '
Q: Where do the emotions which traits of the Gothic style represent, originate from? 
A: faith or from civic pride', '
Q: A great number of what type of buildings still remain from this period today?
A: ecclesiastical', '
Q: With what organization are many Gothic cathedral listed with as World Heritage Sites?
A: UNESCO', '
Q: Why are larger cathedrals and churches associated with the Gothic style?
A: larger churches are considered priceless works of art']
The term "Gothic architecture" originated as a pejorative description. Giorgio Vasari used the term "barbarous German style" in his Lives of the Artists to describe what is now considered the Gothic style, and in the introduction to the Lives he attributes various architectural features to "the Goths" whom he holds responsible for destroying the ancient buildings after they conquered Rome, and erecting new ones in this style. At the time in which Vasari was writing, Italy had experienced a century of building in the Classical architectural vocabulary revived in the Renaissance and seen as evidence of a new Golden Age of learning and refinement.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What type of description did the term "Gothic architecture" originate as?
A: a pejorative description', '
Q: Who used the term "barbarous German style" to portray what is known today as the Gothic style?
A: Giorgio Vasari', '
Q: Who does Vasari believe destroyed ancient buildings after they conquered Rome?
A: "the Goths"', '
Q: How long had Italy undergone building in a Classical architecture style at the time of Vasari?
A: a century', '
Q: In what period was the Classical architecture vocabulary revived? 
A: the Renaissance']
The greatest number of surviving Gothic buildings are churches. These range from tiny chapels to large cathedrals, and although many have been extended and altered in different styles, a large number remain either substantially intact or sympathetically restored, demonstrating the form, character and decoration of Gothic architecture. The Gothic style is most particularly associated with the great cathedrals of Northern France, the Low Countries, England and Spain, with other fine examples occurring across Europe.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What is one region with which the Gothic style is distinctly connected with?
A: Northern France', '
Q: What is another region with which the Gothic style is distinctly connected with?
A: the Low Countries', '
Q: What type of structures remaining today have the largest amount of examples of the Gothic style?
A: churches', '
Q: What is one country with which the Gothic style is distinctly connected with?
A: England', '
Q: What is another country with which the Gothic style is distinctly connected with?
A: Spain']
At the end of the 12th century, Europe was divided into a multitude of city states and kingdoms. The area encompassing modern Germany, southern Denmark, the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, Switzerland, Austria, Slovakia, Czech Republic and much of northern Italy (excluding Venice and Papal State) was nominally part of the Holy Roman Empire, but local rulers exercised considerable autonomy. France, Denmark, Poland, Hungary, Portugal, Scotland, Castile, Aragon, Navarre, Sicily and Cyprus were independent kingdoms, as was the Angevin Empire, whose Plantagenet kings ruled England and large domains in what was to become modern France. Norway came under the influence of England, while the other Scandinavian countries and Poland were influenced by trading contacts with the Hanseatic League. Angevin kings brought the Gothic tradition from France to Southern Italy, while Lusignan kings introduced French Gothic architecture to Cyprus.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: At the end of what century was Europe separated into several city states and kingdoms?
A: the end of the 12th century', '
Q: What was the region covering modern Germany, southern Denmark, the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, Switzerland, Austria, Slovakia, Czech Republic and much of northern Italy known as?
A: the Holy Roman Empire', '
Q: What modern country contains regions in which Plantagenet kings controlled large domains?
A: modern France', '
Q: Poland was affected by trade connections with what League?
A: the Hanseatic League', '
Q: What type of kings brought the Gothic style from France to Southern Italy?
A: Angevin kings']
Throughout Europe at this time there was a rapid growth in trade and an associated growth in towns. Germany and the Lowlands had large flourishing towns that grew in comparative peace, in trade and competition with each other, or united for mutual weal, as in the Hanseatic League. Civic building was of great importance to these towns as a sign of wealth and pride. England and France remained largely feudal and produced grand domestic architecture for their kings, dukes and bishops, rather than grand town halls for their burghers.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: Europe experienced a rapid growth in what at this time?
A: trade', '
Q: What is one country that contained considerable and prosperous towns during this time?
A: Germany', '
Q: What type of building was considered to be very important and a sign of affluence and achievement?
A: Civic building', '
Q: What is one country that stayed mostly feudal and created spectacular architecture for its royalty rather than its burghers?
A: England', '
Q: What is another country that stayed mostly feudal and created spectacular architecture for its royalty rather than its burghers?
A: France']
The Catholic Church prevailed across Europe at this time, influencing not only faith but also wealth and power. Bishops were appointed by the feudal lords (kings, dukes and other landowners) and they often ruled as virtual princes over large estates. The early Medieval periods had seen a rapid growth in monasticism, with several different orders being prevalent and spreading their influence widely. Foremost were the Benedictines whose great abbey churches vastly outnumbered any others in France and England. A part of their influence was that towns developed around them and they became centers of culture, learning and commerce. The Cluniac and Cistercian Orders were prevalent in France, the great monastery at Cluny having established a formula for a well planned monastic site which was then to influence all subsequent monastic building for many centuries.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What church was widespread across Europe at this time?
A: The Catholic Church', '
Q: Who were bishops appointed by?
A: by the feudal lords (kings, dukes and other landowners)', '
Q: Which periods saw a quick growth in Monasticism? 
A: The early Medieval periods', '
Q: What types of church were the Benedictines known for?
A: great abbey churches', '
Q: What is one type of Benedictine order that was common in France?
A: Cistercian Orders']
From the 10th to the 13th century, Romanesque architecture had become a pan-European style and manner of construction, affecting buildings in countries as far apart as Ireland, Croatia, Sweden and Sicily. The same wide geographic area was then affected by the development of Gothic architecture, but the acceptance of the Gothic style and methods of construction differed from place to place, as did the expressions of Gothic taste. The proximity of some regions meant that modern country borders do not define divisions of style. On the other hand, some regions such as England and Spain produced defining characteristics rarely seen elsewhere, except where they have been carried by itinerant craftsmen, or the transfer of bishops. Regional differences that are apparent in the great abbey churches and cathedrals of the Romanesque period often become even more apparent in the Gothic.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: During what time period did Romanesque architecture become a pan-European style of construction?
A: 10th to the 13th century', '
Q: What is one country in the geographic area that was affected by the development of the Gothic style of architecture?
A: Croatia', '
Q: Why did country borders not affect differences in style within Gothic architecture?
A: proximity of some regions', '
Q: During which period did regional differences in Romanesque architecture become even more pronounced?
A: the Gothic', '
Q: England and what other country showed differences in architectural style rarely observed anywhere else?
A: Spain']