romikgosai/squad_modified huggingface dataset:
European Travel Commission divides the European region on the basis of Tourism Decision Metrics (TDM) model. Countries which belong to the Southern/Mediterranean Europe are:

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What does TDM stand for?
A: Tourism Decision Metrics', '
Q: Which group uses TDM as a metric?
A: European Travel Commission']
BBC Television is a service of the British Broadcasting Corporation. The corporation, which has operated in the United Kingdom under the terms of a Royal charter since 1927, has produced television programmes from its own since 1932, although the start of its regular service of television broadcasts is dated to 2 November 1936.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What is the acronym for British Broadcasting Corporation?
A: BBC', '
Q: Under what auspices does the BBC exist?
A: Royal charter', '
Q: When did the BBC start creating its own programming?
A: 1932', '
Q: On what date did the BBC being its regular TV broadcasts?
A: 2 November 1936', '
Q: In what country is the BBC headquartered?
A: United Kingdom']
The domestic TV BBC television channels are broadcast without any commercial advertising and collectively they account for more than 30% of all UK viewing. The services are funded by a television licence.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What percentage of viewership across the UK is constituted by the BBC?
A: 30%']
The BBC operates several television networks, television stations (although there is generally very little distinction between the two terms in the UK), and related programming services in the United Kingdom. As well as being a broadcaster, the corporation also produces a large number of its own programmes in-house, thereby ranking as one of the world's largest television production companies.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: As a result of shows that the BBC itself creates, it is one of the biggest what?
A: television production companies']
Baird Television Ltd. made Britain's first television broadcast, on 30 September 1929 from its studio in Long Acre, London, via the BBC's London transmitter, using the electromechanical system pioneered by John Logie Baird. This system used a vertically-scanned image of 30 lines – just enough resolution for a close-up of one person, and with a bandwidth low enough to use existing radio transmitters. Simultaneous transmission of sound and picture was achieved on 30 March 1930, by using the BBC's new twin transmitter at Brookmans Park. By late 1930, 30 minutes of morning programmes were broadcast Monday to Friday, and 30 minutes at midnight on Tuesdays and Fridays, after BBC radio went off the air. Baird broadcasts via the BBC continued until June 1932.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: On what date was the first TV show seen in the UK?
A: 30 September 1929', '
Q: From where was the first TV show in the UK broadcasted?
A: Long Acre, London', "
Q: How many lines made up the picture on Britain's earliest TV broadcasts?
A: 30", '
Q: When did Baird cease showing its programs on BBC?
A: June 1932', '
Q: When were both audio and video first broadcasted at the same time?
A: 30 March 1930']
The BBC began its own regular television programming from the basement of Broadcasting House, London, on 22 August 1932. The studio moved to larger quarters in 16 Portland Place, London, in February 1934, and continued broadcasting the 30-line images, carried by telephone line to the medium wave transmitter at Brookmans Park, until 11 September 1935, by which time advances in all-electronic television systems made the electromechanical broadcasts obsolete.

Questions and answers:
["
Q: Where was the BBC's first studio located?
A: Broadcasting House, London", "
Q: What was the medium that brought the BBC's signal to the transmitter?
A: telephone line", '
Q: What term characterizes the type of broadcast made by the BBC prior to late 1935?
A: electromechanical', "
Q: Where was the BBC's second studio located?
A: 16 Portland Place, London", '
Q: When did the BBC first change studios?
A: February 1934']
After a series of test transmissions and special broadcasts that began in August, regular BBC television broadcasts officially resumed on 1 October 1936, from a converted wing of Alexandra Palace in London, which housed two studios, various scenery stores, make-up areas, dressing rooms, offices, and the transmitter itself, now broadcasting on the VHF band. BBC television initially used two systems, on alternate weeks: the 240-line Baird intermediate film system and the 405-line Marconi-EMI system, each making the BBC the world's first regular high-definition television service, broadcasting Monday to Saturday from 15:00 to 16:00 and 21:00 to 22:00.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: Where did the BBC continue broadcasting from in October of 1936?
A: Alexandra Palace', '
Q: What frequency band was used by the BBC starting in 1936?
A: VHF', '
Q: How many lines did the Baird transmission contain?
A: 240', '
Q: How many lines did the Marconi-EMI transmission contain?
A: 405', '
Q: On what days did the BBC provide regular broadcasts?
A: Monday to Saturday']
The two systems were to run on a trial basis for six months; early television sets supported both resolutions. However, the Baird system, which used a mechanical camera for filmed programming and Farnsworth image dissector cameras for live programming, proved too cumbersome and visually inferior, and ended with closedown (at 22:00) on Saturday 13 February 1937.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: For how long did the BBC alternate different broadcasting systems?
A: six months', '
Q: What kind of camera was used to broadcast live shows under the Baird system?
A: Farnsworth image dissector', '
Q: When was the Baird system officially abandoned?
A: 13 February 1937']
Initially, the station's range was officially a 40 kilometres radius of the Alexandra Palace transmitter—in practice, however, transmissions could be picked up a good deal further away, and on one occasion in 1938 were picked up by engineers at RCA in New York, who were experimenting with a British television set.

Questions and answers:
["
Q: How far from its studio could the BBC's broadcast originally reach?
A: 40 kilometres", '
Q: In what year were BBC broadcasts seen in the United States?
A: 1938', '
Q: What company did the U.S. engineers who saw the BBC broadcast work for?
A: RCA', '
Q: What did the RCA employees use in order to receive the BBC signal?
A: a British television set']
Mechanically scanned, 30-line television broadcasts by John Logie Baird began in 1929, using the BBC transmitter in London, and by 1930 a regular schedule of programmes was transmitted from the BBC antenna in Brookmans Park. Television production was switched from Baird's company to what is now known as BBC One on 2 August 1932, and continued until September 1935. Regularly scheduled electronically scanned television began from Alexandra Palace in London on 2 November 1936, to just a few hundred viewers in the immediate area. The first programme broadcast – and thus the first ever, on a dedicated TV channel – was "Opening of the BBC Television Service" at 15:00. The first major outside broadcast was the coronation of King George VI and Queen Elizabeth in May 1937. The service was reaching an estimated 25,000–40,000 homes before the outbreak of World War II which caused the service to be suspended in September 1939. The VHF broadcasts would have provided an ideal radio beacon for German bombers homing in on London, and the engineers and technicians of the service would be needed for the war effort, in particular the radar programme.

Questions and answers:
["
Q: Where was the BBC's transmitter located in 1930?
A: Brookmans Park", '
Q: When did the BBC start broadcasting under the name BBC One?
A: 2 August 1932', '
Q: What was the title of the first show seen on the BBC?
A: Opening of the BBC Television Service', '
Q: Which members of British royalty were seen on the BBC in May of 1937?
A: King George VI and Queen Elizabeth', '
Q: When did the BBC cease broadcasts due to World War II?
A: September 1939']
On 1 September 1939, two days before Britain declared war on Germany, the station was taken off air with little warning; the government was concerned that the VHF transmissions would act as a beacon to enemy aircraft homing in on London. Also, many of the television service's technical staff and engineers would be needed for the war effort, in particular on the radar programme. The last programme transmitted was a Mickey Mouse cartoon, Mickey's Gala Premier (1933), which was followed by test transmissions; this account refuted the popular memory according to which broadcasting was suspended before the end of the cartoon.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What did the British fear could provide guidance to the German air force?
A: VHF transmissions', '
Q: What part of the military did many people working for the BBC end up serving in?
A: the radar programme', "
Q: What was the final thing shown on the BBC before it was shut down for the war?
A: Mickey's Gala Premier", '
Q: When did most people mistakenly remember the last broadcast as having ended?
A: before the end of the cartoon']
According to figures from Britain's Radio Manufacturers Association, 18,999 television sets had been manufactured from 1936 to September 1939, when production was halted by the war.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: How many TVs were made between 1936 and the start of the war in 1939?
A: 18,999']
BBC Television returned on 7 June 1946 at 15:00. Jasmine Bligh, one of the original announcers, made the first announcement, saying, 'Good afternoon everybody. How are you? Do you remember me, Jasmine Bligh?'. The Mickey Mouse cartoon of 1939 was repeated twenty minutes later.[unreliable source?] Alexandra Palace was the home base of the channel until the early 1950s when the majority of production moved into the newly acquired Lime Grove Studios.[original research?]

Questions and answers:
['
Q: Who was the first person to speak on BBC when it was turned back on following World War II?
A: Jasmine Bligh', '
Q: On what date did BBC return to the air after World War II?
A: 7 June 1946', '
Q: In the decade following the war, where did a large portion of the BBC move to?
A: Lime Grove Studios', '
Q: What character was featured in the cartoon aired the day BBC broadcasting was restored?
A: Mickey Mouse']
Postwar broadcast coverage was extended to Birmingham in 1949 with the opening of the Sutton Coldfield transmitting station, and by the mid-1950s most of the country was covered, transmitting a 405-line interlaced image on VHF.[original research?]

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What city received BBC signals starting in 1949?
A: Birmingham', "
Q: Which facility brought the BBC's transmissions to Birmingham?
A: Sutton Coldfield transmitting station", "
Q: What kind of image was broadcasted by the BBC by the mid-'50s?
A: 405-line interlaced image", '
Q: On what frequency band was the BBC broadcasting in thie 1950s?
A: VHF']
Television transmissions resumed from Alexandra Palace in 1946. The BBC Television Service (renamed "BBC tv" in 1960) showed popular programming, including drama, comedies, documentaries, game shows, and soap operas, covering a wide range of genres and regularly competed with ITV to become the channel with the highest ratings for that week. The channel also introduced the science fiction show Doctor Who on 23 November 1963 - at 17:16 - which went on to become one of Britain's most iconic and beloved television programmes.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What was the name of the BBC changed to in 1960?
A: BBC tv', "
Q: What was the BBC's main competitor?
A: ITV", '
Q: What program debuted on November 23, 1963?
A: Doctor Who', '
Q: Where did the BBC broadcast from following World War II?
A: Alexandra Palace']
BBC TV was renamed BBC1 in 1964, after the launch of BBC2 (now BBC Two), the third television station (ITV was the second) for the UK; its remit, to provide more niche programming. The channel was due to launch on 20 April 1964, but was put off the air by a massive power failure that affected much of London, caused by a fire at Battersea Power Station. A videotape made on the opening night was rediscovered in 2003 by a BBC technician. In the end the launch went ahead the following night, hosted by Denis Tuohy holding a candle. BBC2 was the first British channel to use UHF and 625-line pictures, giving higher definition than the existing VHF 405-line system.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What was the first station launched after the original BBC?
A: ITV', '
Q: What was the third network started in the UK?
A: BBC2', '
Q: What prevented BBC2 from broadcasting on its scheduled launch date?
A: massive power failure', '
Q: Where was the cause of the power outage?
A: Battersea Power Station', '
Q: Who served as MC for the first BBC2 broadcast?
A: Denis Tuohy']
On 1 July 1967, BBC Two became the first television channel in Europe to broadcast regularly in colour, using the West German PAL system that is still in use today although being gradually superseded by digital systems. (BBC One and ITV began 625-line colour broadcasts simultaneously on 15 November 1969). Unlike other terrestrial channels, BBC Two does not have soap opera or standard news programming, but a range of programmes intended to be eclectic and diverse (although if a programme has high audience ratings it is often eventually repositioned to BBC One). The different remit of BBC2 allowed its first controller, Sir David Attenborough to commission the first heavyweight documentaries and documentary series such as Civilisation, The Ascent of Man and Horizon.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What was the first station to show programs in color?
A: BBC Two', '
Q: When did the other two major British stations start color programming?
A: 15 November 1969', '
Q: What types of programs were not shown on BBC Two?
A: soap opera or standard news programming', '
Q: Who was the first controller of BBC2?
A: Sir David Attenborough', '
Q: What kinds of programs did Attenborough favor?
A: documentaries']
In 1967 Tom and Jerry cartoons first aired on BBC One, with around 2 episodes shown every evening at 17:00, with occasional morning showings on CBBC. The BBC stopped airing the famous cartoon duo in 2000.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: When was the first broadcast of Tom and Jerry on BBC One?
A: 1967', '
Q: When was the final broadcast of Tom and Jerry?
A: 2000', '
Q: How many episodes of Tom and Jerry were shown in the evenings?
A: 2', '
Q: On what channel was Tom and Jerry sometimes shown in the mornings?
A: CBBC']
David Attenborough was later granted sabbatical leave from his job as Controller to work with the BBC Natural History Unit which had existed since the 1950s. This unit is now famed throughout the world for producing high quality programmes with Attenborough such as Life on Earth, The Private Life of Plants, The Blue Planet, The Life of Mammals, Planet Earth and Frozen Planet.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: Which group did David Attenborough join while on sabbatical?
A: BBC Natural History Unit', '
Q: When did the BBC Natural History Unit come into existence?
A: the 1950s', '
Q: What are some shows that Attenborough created with the BBC Natural History Unit?
A: Life on Earth, The Private Life of Plants, The Blue Planet, The Life of Mammals, Planet Earth and Frozen Planet']
National and regional variations also occur within the BBC One and BBC Two schedules. England's BBC One output is split up into fifteen regions (such as South West and East), which exist mainly to produce local news programming, but also occasionally opt out of the network to show programmes of local importance (such as major local events). The other nations of the United Kingdom (Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland) have been granted more autonomy from the English network; for example, programmes are mostly introduced by local announcers, rather than by those in London. BBC One and BBC Two schedules in the other UK nations can vary immensely from BBC One and BBC Two in England.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: How many different areas does BBC One accommodate with customized broadcasting?
A: fifteen', '
Q: Which parts of the UK have more control over their BBC broadcasts?
A: Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland', '
Q: Who hosts shows on BBC broadcasts outside of England?
A: local announcers', '
Q: What kind of coverage might take precedence over standard BBC programming?
A: major local events']
Programmes, such as the politically fuelled Give My Head Peace (produced by BBC Northern Ireland) and the soap opera River City (produced by BBC Scotland), have been created specifically to cater for some viewers in their respective nations, who may have found programmes created for English audiences irrelevant. BBC Scotland produces daily programmes for its Gaelic-speaking viewers, including current affairs, political and children's programming such as the popular Eòrpa and Dè a-nis?. BBC Wales also produces a large amount of Welsh language programming for S4C, particularly news, sport and other programmes, especially the soap opera Pobol y Cwm ('People of the Valley'). The UK nations also produce a number of programmes that are shown across the UK, such as BBC Scotland's comedy series Chewin' the Fat, and BBC Northern Ireland's talk show Patrick Kielty Almost Live.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What is the name of a political show shown on BBC in Northern Ireland?
A: Give My Head Peace', '
Q: What is the name of a Scottish soap opera?
A: River City', '
Q: What language does BBC Scotland provide programming for?
A: Gaelic', '
Q: What is a well-known Gaelic program?
A: Eòrpa and Dè a-nis?', '
Q: What is the name of a show from Northern Ireland broadcast all over the United Kingdom?
A: Patrick Kielty Almost Live']
The BBC is also renowned for its production of costume dramas, such as Jane Austen's Pride and Prejudice and contemporary social dramas such as Boys from the Blackstuff and Our Friends in the North. The BBC has come under pressure to commission more programmes from independent British production companies, and indeed is legally required to source 25% of its output from such companies by the terms of the Broadcasting Act 1990. Programmes have also been imported mainly from English-speaking countries: notable—though no longer shown—examples include The Simpsons from the United States and Neighbours from Australia. Because of the availability of programmes in English, few programmes need use sub-titles or dubbing unlike much European television.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: How much of its programming must the BBC obtain from other content producers?
A: 25%', '
Q: What is a popular American show that was shown on the BBC?
A: The Simpsons', '
Q: What is a television show from Australia that was shown on the BBC?
A: Neighbours']
The BBC also introduced Ceefax, the first teletext service, starting in 1974. This service allows BBC viewers to view textual information such as the latest news on their television. CEEFAX has not made a full transition to digital television, instead being replaced by the new interactive BBCi service.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What kind of service was Ceefax?
A: teletext', '
Q: When was Ceefax launched?
A: 1974', '
Q: What is the modern replacement for Ceefax?
A: BBCi']
In March 2003 the BBC announced that from the end of May 2003 (subsequently deferred to 14 July) it intended to transmit all eight of its domestic television channels (including the 15 regional variations of BBC 1) unencrypted from the Astra 2D satellite. This move was estimated to save the BBC £85 million over the next five years.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: When did the BBC say it would start using a satellite to transit its signal?
A: May 2003', "
Q: What was the name of the satellite from which the BBC's signal was sent?
A: Astra 2D satellite", "
Q: Due to delays, when was the actual date of the BBC's move to satellite broadcasts?
A: 14 July", '
Q: How much money was the move to satellite worth to the station over the following half decade?
A: £85 million']
While the "footprint" of the Astra 2D satellite was smaller than that of Astra 2A, from which it was previously broadcast encrypted, it meant that viewers with appropriate equipment were able to receive BBC channels "free-to-air" over much of Western Europe. Consequently, some rights concerns have needed to be resolved with programme providers such as Hollywood studios and sporting organisations, which have expressed concern about the unencrypted signal leaking out. This led to some broadcasts being made unavailable on the Sky Digital platform, such as Scottish Premier League and Scottish Cup football, while on other platforms such broadcasts were not disrupted. Later, when rights contracts were renewed, this problem was resolved.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: With the right tools, what area could get free BBC broadcasts from Astra 2D?
A: Western Europe', '
Q: What are some entities that have taken issue with the possibility that BBC programming was being viewed for free?
A: Hollywood studios and sporting organisations', '
Q: On what service were some shows removed as a result of issues over rights?
A: Sky Digital', '
Q: What are two specific broadcasts suspended on Sky Digital?
A: Scottish Premier League and Scottish Cup football']
On 5 July 2004, the BBC celebrated the fiftieth anniversary of its television news bulletins (although it had produced the Television Newsreel for several years before 1954). This event was marked by the release of a DVD, which showed highlights of the BBC's television coverage of significant events over the half-century, as well as changes in the format of the BBC television news; from the newsreel format of the first BBC Television News bulletins, to the 24-hour, worldwide news coverage available in 2004. A special edition of Radio Times was also produced, as well as a special section of the BBC News Online website. In 2005 the pioneering BBC television series Little Angels won a BAFTA award. Little Angels was the first reality parenting show and its most famous episode saw Welsh actress Jynine James try to cope with the tantrums of her six-year-old son.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: When was the 50th anniversary of BBC news broadcasts?
A: 5 July 2004', "
Q: On what form of media was a retrospective of the BBC's news broadcasts released to commemorate its 50th anniversary?
A: DVD", "
Q: In what format were the BBC's first new bulletins shown?
A: Newsreel", '
Q: What reality series was awarded a BAFTA in 2005?
A: Little Angels']
The BBC Television department headed by Jana Bennett was absorbed into a new, much larger group; BBC Vision, in late 2006. The new group was part of larger restructuring within the BBC with the onset of new media outlets and technology.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: Who was the leader of BBC Television in 2006?
A: Jana Bennett', '
Q: What did BBC Television get absorbed into?
A: BBC Vision', '
Q: What caused the move of BBC Television into the BBC VIsion unit?
A: the onset of new media outlets and technology']
In 2008, the BBC began experimenting with live streaming of certain channels in the UK, and in November 2008, all standard BBC television channels were made available to watch online.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: When did the BBC start exploring the use of internet streaming?
A: 2008', "
Q: When was full coverage of the BBC's standard programming launched in online stream format?
A: November 2008"]
In February 2016, it was confirmed by BBC Worldwide that Keeping Up Appearances is the corporation's most exported television programme, being sold nearly 1000 times to overseas broadcasters.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: As of early 2016, what BBC show has been sold outside of the country the most times?
A: Keeping Up Appearances', '
Q: How many sales of Keeping Up Appearances have been made to non-British buyers?
A: nearly 1000', '
Q: Who announced the status of Keeping Up Appearances as the most exported BBC show?
A: BBC Worldwide']