romikgosai/squad_modified huggingface dataset:
Early Presbyterians were careful to distinguish between the "church," which referred the members, and the "meeting house," which was the building in which the church met. Until the late 19th century, very few Presbyterians ever referred to their buildings as "churches." Presbyterians believed that meeting-houses (now called churches) are buildings to support the worship of God. The decor in some instances was austere so as not to detract from worship. Early Presbyterian meeting-houses were extremely plain. No stained glass, no elaborate furnishings, and no images were to be found in the meeting-house. The pulpit, often raised so as only to be accessible by a staircase, was the centerpiece of the building.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: Presbyterians had to distinguished between "Church" and "Meeting house" What was "Church" referring too?
A: the members', '
Q: What did "Meeting house" refer to?
A: building', '
Q: What were churches called before the 19th century?
A: meeting house', '
Q: Early churches were extremely plain, what did most churches not have in them?
A: No stained glass, no elaborate furnishings, and no images']
Usually a Presbyterian church will not have statues of saints, nor the ornate altar more typical of a Roman Catholic church. Instead, one will find a "communion table," usually on the same level as the congregation. There may be a rail between the communion table and the "Chancel" behind it, which may contain a more decorative altar-type table, choir loft, or choir stalls, lectern and clergy area. The altar is called the communion table and the altar area is called the Chancel by Presbyterians. In a Presbyterian (Reformed Church) there may be an altar cross, either on the communion table or on a table in the chancel. By using the "empty" cross, or cross of the resurrection, Presbyterians emphasize the resurrection and that Christ is not continually dying, but died once and is alive for all eternity. Some Presbyterian church buildings are often decorated with a cross that has a circle around the center, or Celtic cross. This not only emphasized the resurrection, but also acknowledges historical aspects of Presbyterianism. A baptismal font will be located either at the entrance or near the chancel area. Presbyterian architecture generally makes significant use of symbolism. You may also find decorative and ornate stained glass windows depicting scenes from the bible. Some Presbyterian churches will also have ornate statues of Christ or Graven Scenes from the Last Supper located behind the Chancel. St. Giles Cathedral ( Church Of Scotland- The Mother Church of Presbyterians) does have a Crucifix next to one of the Pulpits that hangs alongside. The image of Christ is more of faint image and more modern design.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What did Presbyterian churches have in them?
A: communion table', '
Q: What is the alter called in the Presbyterian church?
A: communion table', '
Q: What is the alter area refered to as in the Presbyterian church?
A: Chancel', '
Q: What is a decorated cross called in a Presbyterian church?
A: Celtic cross', '
Q: What did the Celtic Cross represent?
A: the resurrection']
John Knox (1505–1572), a Scot who had spent time studying under Calvin in Geneva, returned to Scotland and urged his countrymen to reform the Church in line with Calvinist doctrines. After a period of religious convulsion and political conflict culminating in a victory for the Protestant party at the Siege of Leith the authority of the Church of Rome was abolished in favour of Reformation by the legislation of the Scottish Reformation Parliament in 1560. The Church was eventually organised by Andrew Melville along Presbyterian lines to become the national Church of Scotland. King James VI and I moved the Church of Scotland towards an episcopal form of government, and in 1637, James' successor, Charles I and William Laud, the Archbishop of Canterbury, attempted to force the Church of Scotland to use the Book of Common Prayer. What resulted was an armed insurrection, with many Scots signing the Solemn League and Covenant. The Covenanters would serve as the government of Scotland for nearly a decade, and would also send military support to the Parliamentarians during the English Civil War. Following the restoration of the monarchy in 1660, Charles II, despite the initial support that he received from the Covenanters, reinstated an episcopal form of government on the church.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What year did John Knox past away?
A: 1572', '
Q: What did John Knox do when he returned to Scotland after studying under Calvin?
A: to reform the Church in line with Calvinist doctrines', '
Q: The church of Scotland was organized by this person, whats his name?
A: Andrew Melville', '
Q: In what year was the Government of church reinstated? 
A: 1660']
However, with the Glorious Revolution of 1688 the Church of Scotland was finally unequivocally recognised as a Presbyterian institution by the monarch due to Scottish Presbyterian support for the aforementioned revolution and the Acts of Union 1707 between Scotland and England guaranteed the Church of Scotland's form of government. However, legislation by the United Kingdom parliament allowing patronage led to splits in the Church. In 1733, a group of ministers seceded from the Church of Scotland to form the Associate Presbytery, another group seceded in 1761 to form the Relief Church and the Disruption of 1843 led to the formation of the Free Church of Scotland. Further splits took place, especially over theological issues, but most Presbyterians in Scotland were reunited by 1929 union of the established Church of Scotland and the United Free Church of Scotland.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: In what year was the Church of Scotland recognized as a Presbyterian institution by the moncarh?
A: 1688', '
Q: Which group was formed when ministries seceded from The Church of Scotland in 1733?
A: Associate Presbytery', '
Q: What year were most Presbyterians in Scotland reunited?
A: 1929', "
Q: Which two groups were involved in the reuniting of Scotland's Presbyterian churches?
A: Church of Scotland and the United Free Church of Scotland"]
In England, Presbyterianism was established in secret in 1592. Thomas Cartwright is thought to be the first Presbyterian in England. Cartwright's controversial lectures at Cambridge University condemning the episcopal hierarchy of the Elizabethan Church led to his deprivation of his post by Archbishop John Whitgift and his emigration abroad. Between 1645 and 1648, a series of ordinances of the Long Parliament established Presbyterianism as the polity of the Church of England. Presbyterian government was established in London and Lancashire and in a few other places in England, although Presbyterian hostility to the execution of Charles I and the establishment of the republican Commonwealth of England meant that Parliament never enforced the Presbyterian system in England. The re-establishment of the monarchy in 1660 brought the return of Episcopal church government in England (and in Scotland for a short time); but the Presbyterian church in England continued in Non-Conformity, outside of the established church. In 1719 a major split, the Salter's Hall controversy, occurred; with the majority siding with nontrinitarian views. Thomas Bradbury published several sermons bearing on the controversy, and in 1719, "An answer to the reproaches cast on the dissenting ministers who subscribed their belief of the Eternal Trinity.". By the 18th century many English Presbyterian congregations had become Unitarian in doctrine.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: In what year was the Presbyterianism church formed in England?
A: 1592', '
Q: Who was the first known Presbyterian in England?
A: Thomas Cartwright', '
Q: Between what years were the ordinances enacted Presbyterianism as the polity of the Church of England?
A: 1645 and 1648', "
Q: In what year did Salter's Hall controversy, occur that would lead to a split?
A: 1719", '
Q: When did the result in English Presbyterian congregations becomingUnitarian in doctrine?
A: 18th century']
A number of new Presbyterian Churches were founded by Scottish immigrants to England in the 19th century and later. Following the 'Disruption' in 1843 many of those linked to the Church of Scotland eventually joined what became the Presbyterian Church of England in 1876. Some, that is Crown Court (Covent Garden, London), St Andrew's (Stepney, London) and Swallow Street (London), did not join the English denomination, which is why there are Church of Scotland congregations in England such as those at Crown Court, and St Columba's, Pont Street (Knightsbridge) in London. There is also a congregation in the heart of London's financial district called London City Presbyterian Church that is also affiliated with Free Church of Scotland.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: When was the earliest Presbyterian churches founded by Scotland in England?
A: 19th century', '
Q: In what year during the Presbyterian movement in England was referred to as the "Disruption"?
A: 1843']
In 1972, the Presbyterian Church of England (PCofE) united with the Congregational Church in England and Wales to form the United Reformed Church (URC). Among the congregations the PCofE brought to the URC were Tunley (Lancashire), Aston Tirrold (Oxfordshire) and John Knox Presbyterian Church, Stepney, London (now part of Stepney Meeting House URC) – these are among the sole survivors today of the English Presbyterian churches of the 17th century. The URC also has a presence in Scotland, mostly of former Congregationalist Churches. Two former Presbyterian congregations, St Columba's, Cambridge (founded in 1879), and St Columba's, Oxford (founded as a chaplaincy by the PCofE and the Church of Scotland in 1908 and as a congregation of the PCofE in 1929), continue as congregations of the URC and university chaplaincies of the Church of Scotland.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: In what year did the Church of England and the Congregational Church in England  and Waled unite?
A: 1972', "
Q: What are the two former Presbyterian congregations in England?
A: St Columba's, Cambridge (founded in 1879), and St Columba's, Oxford", '
Q: What was the name of the group that was created whenPresbyterian Church of England (PCofE) united with the Congregational Church in England and Wales were united?
A: United Reformed Church']
Presbyterianism is the largest Protestant denomination in Northern Ireland and the second largest on the island of Ireland (after the Anglican Church of Ireland),[citation needed] and was brought by Scottish plantation settlers to Ulster who had been strongly encouraged to emigrate by James VI of Scotland, later James I of England. An estimated 100,000 Scottish Presbyterians moved to the northern counties of Ireland between 1607 and the Battle of the Boyne in 1690.[citation needed] The Presbytery of Ulster was formed in 1642 separately from the established Anglican Church. Presbyterians, along with Roman Catholics in Ulster and the rest of Ireland, suffered under the discriminatory Penal Laws until they were revoked in the early 19th century. Presbyterianism is represented in Ireland by the Presbyterian Church in Ireland, the Free Presbyterian Church of Ulster, the Non-subscribing Presbyterian Church of Ireland, the Reformed Presbyterian Church of Ireland and the Evangelical Presbyterian Church.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What is the largest Protestant denomination in Northern Ireland?
A: Presbyterianism', '
Q: What is the largest denomination of the entire Ireland Island?
A: Anglican Church of Ireland', '
Q: How many Scottie Presbyterians moved to the northern counties in Ireland?
A: 100,000', '
Q: When was he Presbytery of Ulster formed?
A: 1642']
Presbyterianism first officially arrived in Colonial America in 1703 with the establishment of the first Presbytery in Philadelphia. In time, the presbytery would be joined by two more to form a synod (1717) and would eventually evolve into the Presbyterian Church in the United States of America in 1789. The nation's largest Presbyterian denomination, the Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.) – PC (USA) – can trace their heritage back to the original PCUSA, as can the Presbyterian Church in America (PCA), the Orthodox Presbyterian Church (OPC), the Bible Presbyterian Church (BPC), the Cumberland Presbyterian Church (CPC), the Cumberland Presbyterian Church in America the Evangelical Presbyterian Church (EPC) and the Evangelical Covenant Order of Presbyterians (ECO).

Questions and answers:
['
Q: When did Presbyterianism arrive in America?
A: 1703', '
Q: In what city was the first Presbytery formed?
A: Philadelphia', '
Q: In what year would the original churches evolve into the Presbyterian Church in the United States of America?
A: 1789', '
Q: What is the name of the largest denomination of the Presbyterian Church in America?
A: the Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.)']
Other Presbyterian bodies in the United States include the Reformed Presbyterian Church of North America (RPCNA), the Associate Reformed Presbyterian Church (ARP), the Reformed Presbyterian Church in the United States (RPCUS), the Reformed Presbyterian Church General Assembly, the Reformed Presbyterian Church – Hanover Presbytery, the Covenant Presbyterian Church, the Presbyterian Reformed Church, the Westminster Presbyterian Church in the United States, the Korean American Presbyterian Church, and the Free Presbyterian Church of North America.

Questions and answers:
["
Q: What is the name of the first three listed reformed Presbyterian Church's in the United States?
A: Presbyterian Church of North America (RPCNA), the Associate Reformed Presbyterian Church (ARP), the Reformed Presbyterian Church in the United States (RPCUS)", '
Q: What is the name of the Asian Presbyterian Church in the United States?
A: Korean American Presbyterian Church', '
Q: What is the full name of this American Presbyterian church under this abbreviation (ARP)?
A: Associate Reformed Presbyterian Church']
In the late 1800s, Presbyterian missionaries established a presence in what is now northern New Mexico. This provided an alternative to the Catholicism, which was brought to the area by the Spanish Conquistadors and had remained unchanged. The area experienced a "mini" reformation, in that many converts were made to Presbyterianism, prompting persecution. In some cases, the converts left towns and villages to establish their own neighboring villages. The arrival of the United States to the area prompted the Catholic church to modernize and make efforts at winning the converts back, many of which did return. However, there are still stalwart Presbyterians and Presbyterian churches in the area.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: Around when did Presbyterian missionaries arrived in New Mexico?
A: 1800s', '
Q: The established Presbyterian church in New Mexico provided an alternative to which religion?
A: Catholicism', '
Q: Who brought Catholicism into New Mexico?
A: Spanish Conquistadors']
In Canada, the largest Presbyterian denomination – and indeed the largest Protestant denomination – was the Presbyterian Church in Canada, formed in 1875 with the merger of four regional groups. In 1925, the United Church of Canada was formed by the majority of Presbyterians combining with the Methodist Church, Canada, and the Congregational Union of Canada. A sizable minority of Canadian Presbyterians, primarily in southern Ontario but also throughout the entire nation, withdrew, and reconstituted themselves as a non-concurring continuing Presbyterian body. They regained use of the original name in 1939.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What is the largest Presbyterian church denomination in Canada?
A: Presbyterian Church in Canada', '
Q: In what year was the United Church of Canada formed?
A: 1925', '
Q: When was the Presbyterian Church in Canada formed?
A: 1875']
The biggest Presbyterian church is the National Presbyterian Church in Mexico (Iglesia Nacional Presbiteriana de México), which has around 2,500,000 members and associates and 3000 congregations, but there are other small denominations like the Associate Reformed Presbyterian Church in Mexico which was founded in 1875 by the Associate Reformed Church in North America. The Independent Presbyterian Church and the Presbyterian Reformed Church in Mexico, the National Conservative Presbyterian Church in Mexico are existing churches in the Reformed tradition.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What is the name of the largest Presbyterian church in Mexico?
A: National Presbyterian Church in Mexico (Iglesia Nacional Presbiteriana de México)', '
Q: How many members are in the National Presbyterian Church in Mexico?
A: 2,500,000', '
Q: When was the Associate Reformed Presbyterian Church in Mexico formed?
A: 1875']
In Brazil, the Presbyterian Church of Brazil (Igreja Presbiteriana do Brasil) totals approximately 1,011,300 members; other Presbyterian churches (Independents, United, Conservatives, Renovated, etc.) in this nation have around 350,000 members. The Renewed Presbyterian Church in Brazil was influenced by the charismatic movement and has about 131 000 members as of 2011. The Conservative Presbyterian Church was founded in 1940 and has eight presbyteries. The Fundamentalist Presbyterian church in Brazil was influenced by Karl McIntosh and the Bible Presbyterian church USA and has around 1 800 members. The Independent Presbyterian Church in Brasil was founded in 1903 by pastor Pereira, has 500 congregations and 75 000 members. The United Presbyterian Church in Brazil has around 4 000 members. There are also ethnic Korean Presbyterian churches in the country. The Evangelical Reformed Church in Brazil has Dutch origin. The Reformed Churches in Brazil were recently founded by the Canadian Reformed Churches with the Reformed Church in the Netherlands (liberated).

Questions and answers:
['
Q: How many members are in the Presbyterian Church of Brazil?
A: 1,011,300', '
Q: As of 2011, how many members were in The Renewed Presbyterian Church in Brazil?
A: 131\u202f000', '
Q: When was Conservative Presbyterian Church formed?
A: 1940', '
Q: What is the name of the Presbyterian church in Brazil with Dutch origins?
A: The Evangelical Reformed Church in Brazil']
African Presbyterian churches often incorporate diaconal ministries, including social services, emergency relief, and the operation of mission hospitals. A number of partnerships exist between presbyteries in Africa and the PC(USA), including specific connections with Lesotho, Malawi, South Africa, Ghana and Zambia. For example, the Lackawanna Presbytery, located in Northeastern Pennsylvania, has a partnership with a presbytery in Ghana. Also the Southminster Presbyterian Church, located near Pittsburgh, has partnerships with churches in Malawi and Kenya. The Presbyterian Church of Nigeria, western Africa is also healthy and strong in mostly the southern states of this nation, strong density in the south-eastern states of this country. Beginning from Cross River state, the nearby coastal states, Rivers state, Lagos state to Ebonyi and Abia States. The missionary expedition of Mary Slessor and Hope Waddel and their group in the mid 18th century in this coastal regions of the ten British colony has brought about the beginning and the flourishing of this church in these areas.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: Which  services to most African Presbyterian churches offer?
A: social services, emergency relief, and the operation of mission hospitals', '
Q: The Southminster Presbyterian Church in Pittsburg has partnerships with churches in which two countries?
A: Malawi and Kenya', '
Q: Which two missionaries help bring Presbyterian churches in the south eastern states?
A: Mary Slessor and Hope Waddel']
The Reformed Presbyterian Church in Malawi has 150 congregations and 17 000–20 000 members. It was a mission of the Free Presbyterian church of Scotland. The Restored Reformed Church works with RPCM. Evangelical Presbyterian Church in Malawi is an existing small church. Part of the Presbyterian Church in Malawi and Zambia is known as CCAP, Church of Central Africa-Presbyterian. Often the churches there have one main congregation and a number of Prayer Houses develop. education, health ministries as well as worship and spiritual development are important.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: The Reformed Presbyterian Church in Malawi has a range of members between what amounts?
A: 17\u202f000–20\u202f000 members', '
Q: Which church is affiliated with the Evangelical Presbyterian Church in Malawi?
A: Church of Central Africa-Presbyterian', '
Q: The Church of Central Africa-Presbyterian often offers what services?
A: education, health ministries as well as worship']
Most of the Korean Presbyterian denominations share the same name in Korean, 대한예수교장로회 (literally means the Presbyterian Church of Korea or PCK), tracing its roots to the United Presbyterian Assembly before its long history of disputes and schisms. The Presbyterian schism began with the controversy in relation to the Japanese shrine worship enforced during the Japanese colonial period and the establishment of a minor division (Koryu-pa, 고려파, later The Koshin Presbyterian Church in Korea, Koshin 고신) in 1952. And in 1953 the second schism happened when the theological orientation of the Chosun Seminary (later Hanshin University) founded in 1947 could not be tolerated in the PCK and another minor group (The Presbyterian Church in the Republic of Korea, Kijang, 기장) was separated. The last major schism had to do with the issue of whether the PCK should join the WCC. The controversy divided the PCK into two denominations, The Presbyterian Church of Korea (Tonghap, 통합) and The General Assembly of Presbyterian Church in Korea (Hapdong, 합동) in 1959. All major seminaries associated with each denomination claim heritage from the Pyung Yang Theological Seminary, therefore, not only Presbyterian University and Theological Seminary and Chongsin University which are related to PCK but also Hanshin University of PROK all celebrated the 100th class in 2007, 100 years from the first graduates of Pyung Yang Theological Seminary.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: Most of the churches in Korea carry the same name, what is it?
A: Presbyterian Church of Korea', '
Q: What year did the second schism take place?
A: 1953', '
Q: What was the main reason for the latest schism?
A: whether the PCK should join the WCC', '
Q: What year was the Chosun Seminary founded?
A: 1947', '
Q: In what year did the Korean church celebrate the 100th class?
A: 2007']
Korean Presbyterian denominations are active in evangelism and many of its missionaries are being sent overseas, being the second biggest missionary sender in the world after the United States. GSM, the missionary body of the "Hapdong" General Assembly of Presbyterian Churches of Korea, is the single largest Presbyterian missionary organization in Korea. In addition there are many Korean-American Presbyterians in the United States, either with their own church sites or sharing space in pre-existing churches as is the case in Australia, New Zealand and even Muslim countries such as Saudi Arabia with Korean immigration.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: Korean Presbyterian missionaries being sent over seas are second in numbers to only which other country?
A: United States', '
Q: What is the name of the largest Presbyterian missionary organization in Korea?
A: General Assembly of Presbyterian Churches of Korea', '
Q: Which muslim country does Korea have a Presbyterian church in?
A: Saudi Arabia']