romikgosai/squad_modified huggingface dataset:
Beginning in the 2007–2008 academic year, first-time freshman at KU pay a fixed tuition rate for 48 months according to the Four-Year Tuition Compact passed by the Kansas Board of Regents. For the 2014–15 academic year, tuition was $318 per credit hour for in-state freshman and $828 for out-of-state freshmen. For transfer students, who do not take part in the compact, 2014–15 per-credit-hour tuition was $295 for in-state undergraduates and $785 for out-of-state undergraduates; subject to annual increases. Students enrolled in 6 or more credit hours also paid an annual required campus fee of $888. The schools of architecture, music, arts, business, education, engineering, journalism, law, pharmacy, and social welfare charge additional fees.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What was first instituted for first year students in the 2007-2008 school year?
A: fixed tuition rate', '
Q: For how long does the fixed rate of tuition last?
A: 48 months', '
Q: What was the edict approved by the Board of Regents that provided for the fixed tuition program?
A: Four-Year Tuition Compact', '
Q: How much did a student from outside of Kansas have to pay per course credit in 2014-15?
A: $828', "
Q: What is charged at KU's specialized professional schools?
A: additional fees"]
KU's School of Business launched interdisciplinary management science graduate studies in operations research during Fall Semester 1965. The program provided the foundation for decision science applications supporting NASA Project Apollo Command Capsule Recovery Operations.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What was launched in 1965 by the business school at KU?
A: interdisciplinary management science graduate studies in operations research', '
Q: What kind of applications did the interdisciplinary program help shape?
A: decision science', "
Q: Which government agency used the applications that were informed by KU's interdisciplinary management program?
A: NASA", '
Q: What NASA program benefited from the use of decision science applications?
A: NASA Project Apollo Command Capsule Recovery Operations', "
Q: In what year was a new interdisciplinary management program launched at KU's School of Business?
A: 1965"]
KU's academic computing department was an active participant in setting up the Internet and is the developer of the early Lynx text based web browser. Lynx itself provided hypertext browsing and navigation prior to Tim Berners Lee's invention of HTTP and HTML.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What division of the University of Kansas contributed to the development of the internet?
A: academic computing', '
Q: What kind of software is Lynx?
A: text based web browser', '
Q: What was made possible by Lynx?
A: hypertext browsing and navigation']
The school's sports teams, wearing crimson and royal blue, are called the Kansas Jayhawks. They participate in the NCAA's Division I and in the Big 12 Conference. KU has won thirteen National Championships: five in men's basketball (two Helms Foundation championships and three NCAA championships), three in men's indoor track and field, three in men's outdoor track and field, one in men's cross country and one in women's outdoor track and field. The home course for KU Cross Country is Rim Rock Farm. Their most recent championship came on June 8, 2013 when the KU women's track and field team won the NCAA outdoor in Eugene, Oregon becoming the first University of Kansas women's team to win a national title.

Questions and answers:
["
Q: What colors are worn by KU's athletic teams?
A: crimson and royal blue", '
Q: What is the name of KU athletic teams?
A: Kansas Jayhawks', '
Q: How many times has the male basketball team from Kansas won a national title?
A: five', '
Q: How many natioanl female outdoor track and field championships have been won by the University of Kansas?
A: one', "
Q: Where does KU's cross country team run?
A: Rim Rock Farm"]
KU football dates from 1890, and has played in the Orange Bowl three times: 1948, 1968, and 2008. They are currently coached by David Beaty, who was hired in 2014. In 2008, under the leadership of Mark Mangino, the #7 Jayhawks emerged victorious in their first BCS bowl game, the FedEx Orange Bowl, with a 24–21 victory over the #3 Virginia Tech Hokies. This capstone victory marked the end of the most successful season in school history, in which the Jayhawks went 12–1 (.923). The team plays at Memorial Stadium, which recently underwent a $31 million renovation to add the Anderson Family Football Complex, adding a football practice facility adjacent to the stadium complete with indoor partial practice field, weight room, and new locker room.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: When did KU start fielding a football team?
A: 1890', '
Q: How many times has the team from the University of Kansas appeared in the Orange Bowl?
A: three', "
Q: Who is the current head of KU's football program?
A: David Beaty", '
Q: Who did KU defeat in the 2008 Orange Bowl?
A: Virginia Tech Hokies', '
Q: What is the name of the facility that the KU football team plays in?
A: Memorial Stadium']
The KU men's basketball team has fielded a team every year since 1898. The Jayhawks are a perennial national contender currently coached by Bill Self. The team has won five national titles, including three NCAA tournament championships in 1952, 1988, and 2008. The basketball program is currently the second winningest program in college basketball history with an overall record of 2,070–806 through the 2011–12 season. The team plays at Allen Fieldhouse. Perhaps its best recognized player was Wilt Chamberlain, who played in the 1950s. Kansas has counted among its coaches Dr. James Naismith (the inventor of basketball and only coach in Kansas history to have a losing record), Basketball Hall of Fame inductee Phog Allen ("the Father of basketball coaching"), Basketball Hall of Fame inductee Roy Williams of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and Basketball Hall of Fame inductee and former NBA Champion Detroit Pistons coach Larry Brown. In addition, legendary University of Kentucky coach and Basketball Hall of Fame inductee Adolph Rupp played for KU's 1922 and 1923 Helms National Championship teams, and NCAA Hall of Fame inductee and University of North Carolina Coach Dean Smith played for KU's 1952 NCAA Championship team. Both Rupp and Smith played under Phog Allen. Allen also coached Hall of Fame coaches Dutch Lonborg and Ralph Miller. Allen founded the National Association of Basketball Coaches (NABC), which started what is now the NCAA Tournament. The Tournament began in 1939 under the NABC and the next year was handed off to the newly formed NCAA.

Questions and answers:
["
Q: What was the first year in which a men's team played basketball at the University of Kansas?
A: 1898", "
Q: Who is the head of men's basketball at KU?
A: Bill Self", "
Q: How many times has the University of Kansas won a national championship in men's basketball?
A: five", '
Q: Who is considered the most famous basketball alumnus of KU?
A: Wilt Chamberlain', "
Q: In what year did the NABC hold its first and only men's basketball tournament?
A: 1939"]
Sheahon Zenger was introduced as KU's new athletic director in January 2011. Under former athletic director Lew Perkins, the department's budget increased from $27.2 million in 2003 (10th in the conference) to currently over $50 million thanks in large part to money raised from a new priority seating policy at Allen Fieldhouse, a new $26.67 million eight-year contract with Adidas replacing an existing contract with Nike, and a new $40.2 million seven-year contract with ESPN Regional Television. The additional funds brought improvements to the university, including:

Questions and answers:
['
Q: Who is in charge of all sports teams at KU?
A: Sheahon Zenger', '
Q: Who did Zenger replace as athletic director at KU?
A: Lew Perkins', '
Q: With what broadcasting company does KU have a contract?
A: ESPN Regional Television', '
Q: What sportswear company has a deal with the University of Kansas?
A: Adidas', '
Q: What sportswear company formerly held a contract with the University of Kansas?
A: Nike']
The University of Kansas has had more teams (70) compete in the National Debate Tournament than any other university. Kansas has won the tournament 5 times (1954, 1970, 1976, 1983, and 2009) and had 12 teams make it to the final four. Kansas trails only Northwestern (13), Dartmouth (6), and Harvard (6) for most tournaments won. Kansas also won the 1981–82 Copeland Award.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: How many times have KU teams appeared in the National Debate Tournament?
A: 70', '
Q: How many times has KU won the national debate championship?
A: 5', '
Q: How many times has KU been one of the last four teams competing at the National Debate Championships?
A: 12', '
Q: What school has won the most national debate championships?
A: Northwestern', '
Q: What is the name of an honor given to collegiate debate teams?
A: Copeland Award']
Notable among a number of songs commonly played and sung at various events such as commencement and convocation, and athletic games are: "I’m a Jayhawk", "Fighting Jayhawk", "Kansas Song", "Sunflower Song", "Crimson and the Blue", "Red and Blue", the "Rock Chalk, Jayhawk" chant", "Home on the Range" and "Stand Up and Cheer."

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What are two events non-sports at which school songs are often heard?
A: commencement and convocation', '
Q: What are two songs that reference the school\'s team colors in their titles?
A: "Crimson and the Blue", "Red and Blue"', '
Q: What is the name of a song that references the state that KU serves?
A: "Kansas Song"', '
Q: What is the name of a traditional American song that is associated with KU?
A: "Home on the Range"']
The school newspaper of the University of Kansas is University Daily Kansan, which placed first in the Intercollegiate Writing Competition of the prestigious William Randolph Hearst Writing Foundation competition, often called "The Pulitzers of College Journalism" in 2007. In Winter 2008, a group of students created KUpedia, a wiki about all things KU. They have received student funding for operations in 2008–09. The KU Department of English publishes the Coal City Review, an annual literary journal of prose, poetry, reviews and illustrations. The Review typically features the work of many writers, but periodically spotlights one author, as in the case of 2006 Nelson Poetry Book Award-winner Voyeur Poems by Matthew Porubsky.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What is the name of the newspaper printed every day by the University of Kansas?
A: University Daily Kansan', '
Q: What high profile contest has the Daily Kansan won?
A: Intercollegiate Writing Competition', '
Q: In what year did the Daily Kansan win the Intercollegiate Writing Competition?
A: 2007', '
Q: What is the name of an online resource that was created into provide a resource about KU?
A: KUpedia', '
Q: What is the name of the poet who won the Nelson award in 2006?
A: Matthew Porubsky']
The University Daily Kansan operates outside of the university's William Allen White School of Journalism and reaches an audience of at least 30,000 daily readers through its print and online publications

Questions and answers:
['
Q: In what two forms of media is the Daily Kansan available?
A: print and online', '
Q: What institution houses the Daily Kansan?
A: William Allen White School of Journalism', "
Q: How big is the Daily Kansan's audience?
A: at least 30,000"]
The university houses the following public broadcasting stations: KJHK, a student-run campus radio station, KUJH-LP, an independent station that primarily broadcasts public affairs programs, and KANU, the NPR-affiliated radio station. Kansas Public Radio station KANU was one of the first public radio stations in the nation. KJHK, the campus radio has roots back to 1952 and is completely run by students.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What are the call letters of the National Public Radio affiliate that broadcasts from KU?
A: KANU', '
Q: What is the name of the station operated by KU students?
A: KJHK', '
Q: When did KJHK first broadcast?
A: 1952', '
Q: What is the name of an independent radio broadcast run out of KU?
A: KUJH-LP', '
Q: What kinds of programming appear on KUJH-LP?
A: public affairs']
The first union was built on campus in 1926 as a campus community center. The unions are still the "living rooms" of campus today and include three locations – the Kansas Union and Burge Union at the Lawrence Campus and Jayhawk Central at the Edwards Campus. The KU Memorial Unions Corporation manages the KU Bookstore (with seven locations). The KU Bookstore is the official bookstore of KU. The Corporation also includes KU Dining Services, with more than 20 campus locations, including The Market (inside the Kansas Union) and The Underground (located in Wescoe Hall). The KU Bookstore and KU Dining Services are not-for-profit, with proceeds going back to support student programs, such as Student Union Activities.

Questions and answers:
["
Q: When was KU's first student union constructed?
A: 1926", '
Q: What was the role the union was intended serve?
A: campus community center', '
Q: What is the name of the student union on the Edwards Campus of KU?
A: Jayhawk Central', "
Q: What company runs the University of Kansas's bookstore?
A: KU Memorial Unions Corporation", '
Q: What is the name of a potential recipient of funds from enterprises like the bookstore and dining centers at KU?
A: Student Union Activities']
KU Endowment was established in 1891 as America’s first foundation for a public university. Its mission is to partner with donors in providing philanthropic support to build a greater University of Kansas.

Questions and answers:
["
Q: What is the name of the University of Kansas's foundation?
A: KU Endowment", '
Q: When was the KU Endowment founded?
A: 1891', '
Q: To whom does the KU Endowment seek to connect with?
A: donors', '
Q: What do donors offer to the University of Kansas?
A: philanthropic support']
The Community Tool Box is a public service of the University maintained by the Work Group for Community Health and Development. It is a free, online resource that contains more than 7,000 pages of practical information for promoting community health and development, and is a global resource for both professionals and grassroots groups engaged in the work of community health and development.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What is the name of a publicly-available resource of KU related to community health?
A: The Community Tool Box', '
Q: What body is responsible for managing the Community Tool Box?
A: the Work Group for Community Health and Development', '
Q: What kinds of groups around the world can benefit from the Community Tool Box?
A: professionals and grassroots groups engaged in the work of community health and development', '
Q: How much content does the Community Tool Box offer?
A: more than 7,000 pages', '
Q: Where can the Community Tool Box be found?
A: online']
Political corruption is the use of powers by government officials for illegitimate private gain. An illegal act by an officeholder constitutes political corruption only if the act is directly related to their official duties, is done under color of law or involves trading in influence.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What do you call  government officials using power for illicit private gain?
A: political corruption', '
Q: Who benefits from political corruption?
A: government officials', '
Q: It is only considered political corruption if the act directly relates to what?
A: their official duties', '
Q: Trading in what is considered political corruption?
A: influence', '
Q: What is it called when government officials use their power for private gain?
A: Political corruption']
Forms of corruption vary, but include bribery, extortion, cronyism, nepotism, gombeenism, parochialism patronage, influence peddling, graft, and embezzlement. Corruption may facilitate criminal enterprise such as drug trafficking, money laundering, and human trafficking, though is not restricted to these activities. Misuse of government power for other purposes, such as repression of political opponents and general police brutality, is also considered political corruption.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: Bribery and embezzelment are forms of what?
A: corruption', '
Q: Drug trafficking and money laundering are considered what?
A: criminal enterprise', '
Q: Repression of political opponants and police brutality are forms of political what?
A: corruption', '
Q: One form of corruption involves the hiring of family members, which is called what?
A: nepotism', '
Q: Another form of corruption, the practice of usury, is called what?
A: gombeenism', '
Q: Three forms of corruption that can promote criminal activities include drugs, money laundering, and what?
A: human trafficking', '
Q: The repression of what is also considered political corruption?
A: political opponents']
The activities that constitute illegal corruption differ depending on the country or jurisdiction. For instance, some political funding practices that are legal in one place may be illegal in another. In some cases, government officials have broad or ill-defined powers, which make it difficult to distinguish between legal and illegal actions. Worldwide, bribery alone is estimated to involve over 1 trillion US dollars annually. A state of unrestrained political corruption is known as a kleptocracy, literally meaning "rule by thieves".

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What is considered political corruption is differnt in each what?
A: country or jurisdiction', '
Q: Sometime sit is hard to tell if actions are legal or illegal because governement officials have what kind of power?
A: broad or ill-defined', '
Q: How much money is involved in bribery in the world each year?
A: 1 trillion US dollars', '
Q: unrestrsined political corruption is known as what?
A: kleptocracy', '
Q: What does kleptocracy mean?
A: rule by thieves', '
Q: A sate of unrestrained political corruption is known as what?
A: kleptocracy', '
Q: Which crime costs over one trillion U.S. dollars every year, world-wide?
A: bribery', '
Q: What does kleptocracy mean?
A: rule by thieves']
Some forms of corruption – now called "institutional corruption" – are distinguished from bribery and other kinds of obvious personal gain. A similar problem of corruption arises in any institution that depends on financial support from people who have interests that may conflict with the primary purpose of the institution.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: Another for of corruption is what?
A: institutional corruption', '
Q: A form of corruption that does not involve personal gain is known as what?
A: institutional corruption', '
Q: Bribery is an example of corruption that involves what type of gain?
A: personal gain', '
Q: What are some forms of corruption now  called?
A: institutional corruption', '
Q: Institutional corruption is distinguished from what type of corruption?
A: bribery', '
Q: This type of problem happens in any organization where the interests of the people who financially support it conflicts with what?
A: the primary purpose of the institution']
In politics, corruption undermines democracy and good governance by flouting or even subverting formal processes. Corruption in elections and in the legislature reduces accountability and distorts representation in policymaking; corruption in the judiciary compromises the rule of law; and corruption in public administration results in the inefficient provision of services. It violates a basic principle of republicanism regarding the centrality of civic virtue.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What does corruption undermine in politics?
A: democracy', '
Q: What does corruption disregard in politics?
A: formal processes', '
Q: Political corruption in legislature reduces what, overall?
A: accountability', '
Q: Corruption in what compromises the rule of law?
A: judiciary', '
Q: Corruption in what creates weak provision of services?
A: public administration']
More generally, corruption erodes the institutional capacity of government if procedures are disregarded, resources are siphoned off, and public offices are bought and sold. Corruption undermines the legitimacy of government and such democratic values as trust and tolerance. Recent evidence suggests that variation in the levels of corruption amongst high-income democracies can vary significantly depending on the level of accountability of decision-makers. Evidence from fragile states also shows that corruption and bribery can adversely impact trust in institutions.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What two democratic values are soiled due to corruption?
A: trust and tolerance', '
Q: Corruption disintegrates government capacity when public offices are what?
A: bought and sold', '
Q: The level of corruption can vary in richer democracies in regards to the what of those officials making decisions?
A: accountability']
In the private sector, corruption increases the cost of business through the price of illicit payments themselves, the management cost of negotiating with officials and the risk of breached agreements or detection. Although some claim corruption reduces costs by cutting bureaucracy, the availability of bribes can also induce officials to contrive new rules and delays. Openly removing costly and lengthy regulations are better than covertly allowing them to be bypassed by using bribes. Where corruption inflates the cost of business, it also distorts the playing field, shielding firms with connections from competition and thereby sustaining inefficient firms.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: Corruption raises the cost of business because of illegal payments in what sector?
A: private', '
Q: Some people feel that corruption actually reduces costs because it cuts what?
A: bureaucracy', '
Q: What process is better than allowing bribes to remain in place?
A: Openly removing costly and lengthy regulations', '
Q: Corruption changes the playing field by allowing businesses with connections to be shielded by what?
A: competition']
Corruption also generates economic distortion in the public sector by diverting public investment into capital projects where bribes and kickbacks are more plentiful. Officials may increase the technical complexity of public sector projects to conceal or pave the way for such dealings, thus further distorting investment. Corruption also lowers compliance with construction, environmental, or other regulations, reduces the quality of government services and infrastructure, and increases budgetary pressures on government.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: Economic distortion is created by corruption in the public sector by diverting what into capital projects?
A: public investment', '
Q: What is more plentiful in capital projects?
A: bribes and kickbacks', '
Q: Corruption can lower what with environmental regulations?
A: compliance']
Economists argue that one of the factors behind the differing economic development in Africa and Asia is that in Africa, corruption has primarily taken the form of rent extraction with the resulting financial capital moved overseas rather than invested at home (hence the stereotypical, but often accurate, image of African dictators having Swiss bank accounts). In Nigeria, for example, more than $400 billion was stolen from the treasury by Nigeria's leaders between 1960 and 1999.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: African dictators often have what kind of bank accounts?
A: Swiss', '
Q: What form has corruption taken in Africa?
A: rent extraction', '
Q: In Africa, the finances are often moved where?
A: overseas']