romikgosai/squad_modified huggingface dataset:
The BRA subsequently reevaluated its approach to urban renewal in its future projects, including the construction of Government Center. In 1965, the first Community Health Center in the United States opened, the Columbia Point Health Center, in the Dorchester neighborhood. It mostly served the massive Columbia Point public housing complex adjoining it, which was built in 1953. The health center is still in operation and was rededicated in 1990 as the Geiger-Gibson Community Health Center. The Columbia Point complex itself was redeveloped and revitalized into a mixed-income community called Harbor Point Apartments from 1984 to 1990. By the 1970s, the city's economy boomed after 30 years of economic downturn. A large number of high rises were constructed in the Financial District and in Boston's Back Bay during this time period. This boom continued into the mid-1980s and later began again. Hospitals such as Massachusetts General Hospital, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, and Brigham and Women's Hospital lead the nation in medical innovation and patient care. Schools such as Boston College, Boston University, the Harvard Medical School, Northeastern University, Wentworth Institute of Technology, Berklee College of Music and Boston Conservatory attract students to the area. Nevertheless, the city experienced conflict starting in 1974 over desegregation busing, which resulted in unrest and violence around public schools throughout the mid-1970s.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What year did the first community health center in the US open?
A: 1965', '
Q: Where was Colombia Point Health Center located?
A: the Dorchester neighborhood', '
Q: In 1990, the Colombia Point Health Center was renamed what?
A: Geiger-Gibson Community Health Center']
Boston is an intellectual, technological, and political center but has lost some important regional institutions, including the acquisition of The Boston Globe by The New York Times, and the loss to mergers and acquisitions of local financial institutions such as FleetBoston Financial, which was acquired by Charlotte-based Bank of America in 2004. Boston-based department stores Jordan Marsh and Filene's have both been merged into the Cincinnati–based Macy's. Boston has experienced gentrification in the latter half of the 20th century, with housing prices increasing sharply since the 1990s. Living expenses have risen, and Boston has one of the highest costs of living in the United States, and was ranked the 129th most expensive major city in the world in a 2011 survey of 214 cities. Despite cost of living issues, Boston ranks high on livability ratings, ranking 36th worldwide in quality of living in 2011 in a survey of 221 major cities.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: The New York Times bought what famous Boston newspaper?
A: The Boston Globe', '
Q: Who bought FleetBoston Financial?
A: Bank of America', '
Q: What year did Bank of America buy FleetBoston Fonancial?
A: 2004', "
Q: Two Boston department stores merged to form what Cincinnati based department store?
A: Macy's", "
Q: What department stores merged to form Macy's?
A: Jordan Marsh and Filene's"]
On April 15, 2013, two Chechen Islamist brothers exploded two bombs near the finish line of the Boston Marathon, killing three people and injuring roughly 264.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: On what date did bombs go off at the Boston marathon?
A: April 15, 2013', '
Q: At what point of the Marathon were the bombs exploded?
A: near the finish line', '
Q: How many fatalities were there at the marathon?
A: three', '
Q: About how many people were injured in the explosion?
A: 264']
Boston has an area of 89.6 square miles (232.1 km2)—48.4 square miles (125.4 km2) (54.0%) of land and 41.2 square miles (106.7 km2) (46.0%) of water. The city's official elevation, as measured at Logan International Airport, is 19 ft (5.8 m) above sea level. The highest point in Boston is Bellevue Hill at 330 feet (100 m) above sea level, and the lowest point is at sea level. Situated onshore of the Atlantic Ocean, Boston is the only state capital in the contiguous United States with an oceanic coastline.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What is the total area of Boston?
A: 89.6 square miles', '
Q: How many square miles of land is Boston?
A: 48.4 square miles', '
Q: How many square miles of water is Boston?
A: 41.2 square miles', '
Q: How many feet above sea level is the City of Boston?
A: 19 ft', '
Q: Boston is the only state capital in the contiguous US to have what type of coastline?
A: oceanic coastline']
Boston is surrounded by the "Greater Boston" region and is contiguously bordered by the cities and towns of Winthrop, Revere, Chelsea, Everett, Somerville, Cambridge, Newton, Brookline, Needham, Dedham, Canton, Milton, and Quincy. The Charles River separates Boston from Watertown and the majority of Cambridge, and the mass of Boston from its own Charlestown neighborhood. To the east lie Boston Harbor and the Boston Harbor Islands National Recreation Area (which includes part of the city's territory, specifically Calf Island, Gallops Island, Great Brewster Island, Green Island, Little Brewster Island, Little Calf Island, Long Island, Lovells Island, Middle Brewster Island, Nixes Mate, Outer Brewster Island, Rainsford Island, Shag Rocks, Spectacle Island, The Graves, and Thompson Island). The Neponset River forms the boundary between Boston's southern neighborhoods and the city of Quincy and the town of Milton. The Mystic River separates Charlestown from Chelsea and Everett, and Chelsea Creek and Boston Harbor separate East Boston from Boston proper.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What is the name of the region that surrounds Boston?
A: Greater Boston', '
Q: What river seperates Boston from Charlestown?
A: The Charles River', '
Q: What direction from Boston is Boston Harbor?
A: To the east', '
Q: Calf Island and Green Island are considered part of what National Recreation Area?
A: Boston Harbor Islands National Recreation Area']
Boston is sometimes called a "city of neighborhoods" because of the profusion of diverse subsections; the city government's Office of Neighborhood Services has officially designated 23 neighborhoods.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What s Boston sometimes called?
A: city of neighborhoods', '
Q: How many neighborhoods are in Boston?
A: 23 neighborhoods', '
Q: What division of the City Government designated the 23 neighborhoods?
A: Office of Neighborhood Services']
More than two-thirds of inner Boston's modern land area did not exist when the city was founded, but was created via the gradual filling in of the surrounding tidal areas over the centuries, notably with earth from the leveling or lowering of Boston's three original hills (the "Trimountain", after which Tremont Street is named), and with gravel brought by train from Needham to fill the Back Bay. Downtown and its immediate surroundings consists largely of low-rise (often Federal style and Greek Revival) masonry buildings, interspersed with modern highrises, notably in the Financial District, Government Center, and South Boston. Back Bay includes many prominent landmarks, such as the Boston Public Library, Christian Science Center, Copley Square, Newbury Street, and New England's two tallest buildings—the John Hancock Tower and the Prudential Center. Near the John Hancock Tower is the old John Hancock Building with its prominent illuminated beacon, the color of which forecasts the weather. Smaller commercial areas are interspersed among areas of single-family homes and wooden/brick multi-family row houses. The South End Historic District is the largest surviving contiguous Victorian-era neighborhood in the US. The geography of downtown and South Boston was particularly impacted by the Central Artery/Tunnel Project (known unofficially as the "Big Dig"), which allowed for the removal of the unsightly elevated Central Artery and the incorporation of new green spaces and open areas.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: How much of Inner Bostons land area did not exist when the city was founded?
A: More than two-thirds', '
Q: The modern land area was created by the gradual filling in of surrounding what?
A: tidal areas', '
Q: Tremont Street is named after what original hill in Boston?
A: Trimountain', '
Q: A train full of gravel came from Needham to fill what?
A: the Back Bay', '
Q: The Boston Public Library is located in what part of Boston?
A: the Back Bay']
Boston has a continental climate with some maritime influence, and using the −3 °C (27 °F) coldest month (January) isotherm, the city lies within the transition zone from a humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa) to a humid continental climate (Köppen Dfa), although the suburbs north and west of the city are significantly colder in winter and solidly fall under the latter categorization; the city lies at the transition between USDA plant hardiness zones 6b (most of the city) and 7a (Downtown, South Boston, and East Boston neighborhoods). Summers are typically warm to hot, rainy, and humid, while winters oscillate between periods of cold rain and snow, with cold temperatures. Spring and fall are usually mild, with varying conditions dependent on wind direction and jet stream positioning. Prevailing wind patterns that blow offshore minimize the influence of the Atlantic Ocean. The hottest month is July, with a mean temperature of 73.4 °F (23.0 °C). The coldest month is January, with a mean of 29.0 °F (−1.7 °C). Periods exceeding 90 °F (32 °C) in summer and below freezing in winter are not uncommon but rarely extended, with about 13 and 25 days per year seeing each, respectively. The most recent sub-0 °F (−18 °C) reading occurring on February 14, 2016 when the temperature dipped down to −9 °F (−23 °C), the coldest reading since 1957. In addition, several decades may pass between 100 °F (38 °C) readings, with the most recent such occurrence on July 22, 2011 when the temperature reached 103 °F (39 °C). The city's average window for freezing temperatures is November 9 through April 5.[c] Official temperature records have ranged from −18 °F (−28 °C) on February 9, 1934, up to 104 °F (40 °C) on July 4, 1911; the record cold daily maximum is 2 °F (−17 °C) on December 30, 1917, while, conversely, the record warm daily minimum is 83 °F (28 °C) on August 2, 1975.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: Most of the city lies in which USDA plant hardiness zone?
A: 6b', '
Q: What minimizes the influence of the Atlantic ocean on Bostons weather?
A: Prevailing wind patterns', '
Q: What is the hottest month in Boston?
A: July', '
Q: What is the coldest month in Boston?
A: January']
Boston's coastal location on the North Atlantic moderates its temperature, but makes the city very prone to Nor'easter weather systems that can produce much snow and rain. The city averages 43.8 inches (1,110 mm) of precipitation a year, with 43.8 inches (111 cm) of snowfall per season. Snowfall increases dramatically as one goes inland away from the city (especially north and west of the city)—away from the moderating influence of the ocean. Most snowfall occurs from December through March, as most years see no measurable snow in April and November, and snow is rare in May and October. There is also high year-to-year variability in snowfall; for instance, the winter of 2011–12 saw only 9.3 in (23.6 cm) of accumulating snow, but the previous winter, the corresponding figure was 81.0 in (2.06 m).[d]

Questions and answers:
['
Q: On what coast is Boston located?
A: the North Atlantic', "
Q: What type of weather systems in Boston can produce much snow and rain?
A: Nor'easter", '
Q: What is the average rainfall in the City of Boston per year?
A: 43.8 inches', '
Q: What is the average snowfall per year in the City of Boston?
A: 43.8 inches', '
Q: When does most snowfall occur?
A: December through March']
Fog is fairly common, particularly in spring and early summer, and the occasional tropical storm or hurricane can threaten the region, especially in late summer and early autumn. Due to its situation along the North Atlantic, the city often receives sea breezes, especially in the late spring, when water temperatures are still quite cold and temperatures at the coast can be more than 20 °F (11 °C) colder than a few miles inland, sometimes dropping by that amount near midday. Thunderstorms occur from May to September, that are occasionally severe with large hail, damaging winds and heavy downpours. Although downtown Boston has never been struck by a violent tornado, the city itself has experienced many tornado warnings. Damaging storms are more common to areas north, west, and northwest of the city. Boston has a relatively sunny climate for a coastal city at its latitude, averaging over 2,600 hours of sunshine per annum.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: During what seasons is fog common in Boston?
A: spring and early summer', '
Q: When can tropical storms and hurricanes threaten Boston?
A: late summer and early autumn', '
Q: Sea breezes occur during what season?
A: late spring', '
Q: What months do thunderstorms occur in Boston?
A: May to September', '
Q: What is the average hours of sunshine per year in Boston?
A: 2,600']
In 2010, Boston was estimated to have 617,594 residents (a density of 12,200 persons/sq mile, or 4,700/km2) living in 272,481 housing units— a 5% population increase over 2000. The city is the third most densely populated large U.S. city of over half a million residents. Some 1.2 million persons may be within Boston's boundaries during work hours, and as many as 2 million during special events. This fluctuation of people is caused by hundreds of thousands of suburban residents who travel to the city for work, education, health care, and special events.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: About what was the population of Boston in 2010?
A: 617,594', '
Q: How many housing units were there in Boston in 2010?
A: 272,481', '
Q: How many people are in Boston during work hours?
A: 1.2 million', '
Q: What can the population of Boston rech during special events?
A: 2 million', "
Q: What is the density of Boston's population?
A: 12,200 persons/sq mile"]
In the city, the population was spread out with 21.9% at age 19 and under, 14.3% from 20 to 24, 33.2% from 25 to 44, 20.4% from 45 to 64, and 10.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 30.8 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.9 males. There were 252,699 households, of which 20.4% had children under the age of 18 living in them, 25.5% were married couples living together, 16.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 54.0% were non-families. 37.1% of all households were made up of individuals and 9.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.26 and the average family size was 3.08.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What percentage of the City of Bostons population is 19 and under?
A: 21.9%', "
Q: What percentage of the City of Boston's population is 20 to 24?
A: 14.3%", '
Q: What percentage of the City of Bostons population is 25 to 44?
A: 33.2%', '
Q: What percentage of the City of Bostons residents are 45 to 64?
A: 20.4%', "
Q: What percentage of the City of Boston's residents are over 65?
A: 10.1%"]
The median household income in Boston was $51,739, while the median income for a family was $61,035. Full-time year-round male workers had a median income of $52,544 versus $46,540 for full-time year-round female workers. The per capita income for the city was $33,158. 21.4% of the population and 16.0% of families are below the poverty line. Of the total population, 28.8% of those under the age of 18 and 20.4% of those 65 and older were living below the poverty line.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What is the average household income in Boston?
A: $51,739', '
Q: What is the average family income in Boston?
A: $61,035', '
Q: What is the average income for a full time male worker?
A: $52,544', '
Q: What is the average income for a full time female worker?
A: $46,540', '
Q: What percent of families fall below the poverty line?
A: 16.0%']
In 1950, whites represented 94.7% of Boston's population. From the 1950s to the end of the 20th century, the proportion of non-Hispanic whites in the city declined; in 2000, non-Hispanic whites made up 49.5% of the city's population, making the city majority-minority for the first time. However, in recent years the city has experienced significant gentrification, in which affluent whites have moved into formerly non-white areas. In 2006, the US Census Bureau estimated that non-Hispanic whites again formed a slight majority. But as of 2010, in part due to the housing crash, as well as increased efforts to make more affordable housing more available, the minority population has rebounded. This may also have to do with an increased Latino population and more clarity surrounding US Census statistics, which indicate a Non-Hispanic White population of 47 percent (some reports give slightly lower figures).

Questions and answers:
["
Q: What percent of Boston's population was white in 1950?
A: 94.7%", '
Q: In 2000, what percen tof the population were non hispanic and white?
A: 49.5%', '
Q: What year did minorities become the majority of the population for the first time?
A: 2000', '
Q: In recent years, the whote population has begun to move where?
A: formerly non-white areas', '
Q: What year did non hispanic whites once again become the majority of the population?
A: 2006']
People of Irish descent form the largest single ethnic group in the city, making up 15.8% of the population, followed by Italians, accounting for 8.3% of the population. People of West Indian and Caribbean ancestry are another sizable group, at 6.0%, about half of whom are of Haitian ancestry. Over 27,000 Chinese Americans made their home in Boston city proper in 2013, and the city hosts a growing Chinatown accommodating heavily traveled Chinese-owned bus lines to and from Chinatown, Manhattan. Some neighborhoods, such as Dorchester, have received an influx of people of Vietnamese ancestry in recent decades. Neighborhoods such as Jamaica Plain and Roslindale have experienced a growing number of Dominican Americans. The city and greater area also has a growing immigrant population of South Asians, including the tenth-largest Indian community in the country.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What people form the largest ethnic group in the city?
A: People of Irish descent', "
Q: What percentage of the city's population is Irish?
A: 15.8%", '
Q: What is the second largest ethnic group in the city?
A: Italians', '
Q: What percentage of the citys population is italian?
A: 8.3%', '
Q: How many Chinese Americans lived in Boston City proper in 2013?
A: Over 27,000']
The city has a sizable Jewish population with an estimated 25,000 Jews within the city and 227,000 within the Boston metro area; the number of congregations in Boston is estimated at 22. The adjacent communities of Brookline and Newton are both approximately one-third Jewish.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: How many Jewish people live in the City of Boston?
A: 25,000', '
Q: How many Jewish people live in the Boston Metro area?
A: 227,000', '
Q: What is the total number of congregations in Boston?
A: 22', '
Q: What adjascent communities also hold a high Jewish population?
A: Brookline and Newton', '
Q: What is the estimated percentage of the population of Brookline and newton that are jewish?
A: one-third']
The city, especially the East Boston neighborhood, has a significant Hispanic community. Hispanics in Boston are mostly of Puerto Rican (30,506 or 4.9% of total city population), Dominican (25,648 or 4.2% of total city population), Salvadoran (10,850 or 1.8% of city population), Colombian (6,649 or 1.1% of total city population), Mexican (5,961 or 1.0% of total city population), and Guatemalan (4,451 or 0.7% of total city population) ethnic origin. When including all Hispanic national origins, they number 107,917. In Greater Boston, these numbers grow significantly with Puerto Ricans numbering 175,000+, Dominicans 95,000+, Salvadorans 40,000+, Guatemalans 31,000+, Mexicans 25,000+, and Colombians numbering 22,000+.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What neighborhoos has a high rate of hispanics?
A: the East Boston neighborhood', '
Q: How many hispanics live in the City of Boston?
A: 107,917', '
Q: How many Puerto Rican hispanics live in greater Boston?
A: 175,000+', '
Q: How many Mexican hispanics live in greater Boston?
A: 25,000+', '
Q: How many Colombians live in greater Boston?
A: 22,000+']
According to a 2014 study by the Pew Research Center, 57% of the population of the city identified themselves as Christians, with 25% professing attendance at a variety of churches that could be considered Protestant, and 29% professing Roman Catholic beliefs. while 33% claim no religious affiliation. The same study says that other religions (including Judaism, Buddhism, Islam, and Hinduism) collectively make up about 10% of the population.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: In 2014, what percentage of the city identified as Christian?
A: 57%', '
Q: In 2014, what percentage of the city identified as Protestant?
A: 25%', '
Q: In 2014, what percent of the City of Boston was Catholic?
A: 29%', '
Q: In 2014, what percentage of Bostons residents did not claim to belong to any religion?
A: 33%', '
Q: In 2014, other religions mad eup what percentage of the citys population?
A: 10%']
As of 2010 the Catholic Church had the highest number of adherents as a single denomination in the Boston-Cambridge-Newton Metro area, with more than two million members and 339 churches, followed by the Episcopal Church with 58,000 adherents in 160 churches. The United Church of Christ had 55,000 members and 213 churches. The UCC is the successor of the city's Puritan religious traditions. Old South Church in Boston is one of the oldest congregations in the United States. It was organized in 1669 by dissenters from the First Church in Boston (1630). Notable past members include Samuel Adams, William Dawes, Benjamin Franklin, Samuel Sewall, and Phillis Wheatley. In 1773, Adams gave the signals from the Old South Meeting House that started the Boston Tea Party.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: How many member attended the Catholic Church in the Boston area in 2010?
A: two million', '
Q: How many Catholic churches were in the Boston area in 2010?
A: 339', '
Q: How many Episcopal churches were in the Boston Metro area in 2010?
A: 160', '
Q: What Boston church is one of the oldest congregations in the US?
A: Old South Church', '
Q: What year was Old South Church organized?
A: 1669']
A global city, Boston is placed among the top 30 most economically powerful cities in the world. Encompassing $363 billion, the Greater Boston metropolitan area has the sixth-largest economy in the country and 12th-largest in the world.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What rank does Boston hold as far as being an economically powerful city in the world?
A: among the top 30', '
Q: What is the economy of Boston?
A: $363 billion', '
Q: What ranking in the country does Greater Boston metro hold as far as economy?
A: sixth-largest', '
Q: What ranking in the world does greater Boston metro hold as far as economy?
A: 12th-largest']