romikgosai/squad_modified huggingface dataset:
Coptic Christians face discrimination at multiple levels of the government, ranging from disproportionate representation in government ministries to laws that limit their ability to build or repair churches. Intolerance of Bahá'ís and non-orthodox Muslim sects, such as Sufis, Shi'a and Ahmadis, also remains a problem. When the government moved to computerise identification cards, members of religious minorities, such as Bahá'ís, could not obtain identification documents. An Egyptian court ruled in early 2008 that members of other faiths may obtain identity cards without listing their faiths, and without becoming officially recognised.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What do Coptic Christians face?
A: discrimination at multiple levels of the government,', '
Q: When government computerised ID cards who were adversely impacted?
A: religious minorities', '
Q: When did Egyptian court rule that members of other faiths could obtain ID cards without listing faith?
A: 2008']
Egypt actively practices capital punishment. Egypt's authorities do not release figures on death sentences and executions, despite repeated requests over the years by human rights organisations. The United Nations human rights office and various NGOs expressed "deep alarm" after an Egyptian Minya Criminal Court sentenced 529 people to death in a single hearing on 25 March 2014. Sentenced supporters of former President Mohamed Morsi will be executed for their alleged role in violence following his ousting in July 2013. The judgment was condemned as a violation of international law. By May 2014, approximately 16,000 people (and as high as more than 40,000 by one independent count), mostly Brotherhood members or supporters, have been imprisoned after the coup  after the Muslim Brotherhood was labelled as terrorist organisation by the post-coup interim Egyptian government.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: what controversial practice does Egypt actively administer as punishment?
A: capital punishment', '
Q: What was Muslim Brotherhood labelled post coup?
A: terrorist organisation', '
Q: In March 2014 what number of people were sentenced to death in a single hearing?
A: 529', "
Q: What former president's supporters are set to be executed?
A: Mohamed Morsi"]
After Morsi was ousted by the military, the judiciary system aligned itself with the new government, actively suopporting the repression of Muslim Brotherhood members. This resulted in a sharp increase in mass death sentences that arose criticism from the US president Barack Obama and the General Secretary of the UN, Ban Ki Moon. In April 2013, one judge of the Minya governatorate of Upper Egypt, sentenced 1,212 people to death. In December 2014 the judge Mohammed Nagi Shahata, notorious for his fierceness in passing on death sentences, condemened to the capital penalty 188 members of the Muslim Brotherhood, for assaulting a police station. Various Egyptian and international human rights organisations have already pointed out the lack of fair trials, that often last only a few minutes and do not take into consideration the procedural standards of fair trials.

Questions and answers:
["
Q: What US president was critical of Egypt's repression of Muslim Brotherhood?
A: US president Barack Obama", '
Q: How many individuals did one judge in Minya governatorate court sentence to death in April 2013?
A: 1,212', '
Q: What was the criticism of judge Mohammad NAgi Shatata sentence of 188 member of Muslim Brotherhood for assaulting police station?
A: lack of fair trials, that often last only a few minutes']
The United States provides Egypt with annual military assistance, which in 2015 amounted to US$1.3 billion. In 1989, Egypt was designated as a major non-NATO ally of the United States. Nevertheless, ties between the two countries have partially soured since the July 2013 military coup that deposed Islamist president Mohamed Morsi, with the Obama administration condemning Egypt's violent crackdown on the Muslim Brotherhood and its supporters, and cancelling future military exercises involving the two countries. There have been recent attempts, however, to normalise relations between the two, with both governments frequently calling for mutual support in the fight against regional and international terrorism.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: How much military assistance di US give Egypt in 2015?
A: US$1.3 billion', "
Q: What event soured relations of US and Egypt in 2013?
A: Egypt's violent crackdown on the Muslim Brotherhood and its supporters"]
The Egyptian military has dozens of factories manufacturing weapons as well as consumer goods. The Armed Forces' inventory includes equipment from different countries around the world. Equipment from the former Soviet Union is being progressively replaced by more modern US, French, and British equipment, a significant portion of which is built under license in Egypt, such as the M1 Abrams tank.[citation needed] Relations with Russia have improved significantly following Mohamed Morsi's removal and both countries have worked since then to strengthen military and trade ties among other aspects of bilateral co-operation. Relations with China have also improved considerably. In 2014, Egypt and China have established a bilateral "comprehensive strategic partnership".

Questions and answers:
['
Q: Equipment from what country is being replaced?
A: Soviet Union', '
Q: How many factories does Egyptian military have?
A: dozens', '
Q: After Morsi removal, what country has Egypt improved relations with?
A: Russia', '
Q: In 2014 what country did Egypt form partnership with?
A: China']
The permanent headquarters of the Arab League are located in Cairo and the body's secretary general has traditionally been Egyptian. This position is currently held by former foreign minister Nabil el-Araby. The Arab League briefly moved from Egypt to Tunis in 1978 to protest the Egypt-Israel Peace Treaty, but it later returned to Cairo in 1989. Gulf monarchies, including the United Arab Emirates and Saudi Arabia, have pledged billions of dollars to help Egypt overcome its economic difficulties since the July 2013 coup.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: Where is the Arab League headquarters?
A: Cairo', '
Q: Who is the leader of Arab League?
A: Nabil el-Araby', '
Q: What 2 Gulf monarchies have pledged billions of dollars to help Egypt overcome recent economic difficulties?
A: United Arab Emirates and Saudi Arabia']
Following the 1973 war and the subsequent peace treaty, Egypt became the first Arab nation to establish diplomatic relations with Israel. Despite that, Israel is still widely considered as a hostile state by the majority of Egyptians. Egypt has played a historical role as a mediator in resolving various disputes in the Middle East, most notably its handling of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict and the peace process. Egypt's ceasefire and truce brokering efforts in Gaza have hardly been challenged following Israel's evacuation of its settlements from the strip in 2005, despite increasing animosity towards the Hamas government in Gaza following the ouster of Mohamed Morsi, and despite recent attempts by countries like Turkey and Qatar to take over this role.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What country has Egypt famously had peace with since 1973 treaty?
A: Israel', '
Q: Is Israel considered a safe state for egyptians?
A: still widely considered as a hostile', '
Q: What rope has Egypt played in Middle East peace efforts?
A: mediator']
Egypt's economy depends mainly on agriculture, media, petroleum imports, natural gas, and tourism; there are also more than three million Egyptians working abroad, mainly in Saudi Arabia, the Persian Gulf and Europe. The completion of the Aswan High Dam in 1970 and the resultant Lake Nasser have altered the time-honored place of the Nile River in the agriculture and ecology of Egypt. A rapidly growing population, limited arable land, and dependence on the Nile all continue to overtax resources and stress the economy.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What areas of economy is Egypt dependent on?
A: agriculture, media, petroleum imports, natural gas, and tourism', '
Q: Where do Egyptians working abroad work mainly?
A: Saudi Arabia, the Persian Gulf and Europe', '
Q: What lake reulted from completion of Aswan High Dam?
A: Lake Nasser', '
Q: What year was Aswan High Dam completed?
A: 1970']
Egypt has a developed energy market based on coal, oil, natural gas, and hydro power. Substantial coal deposits in the northeast Sinai are mined at the rate of about 600,000 tonnes (590,000 long tons; 660,000 short tons) per year. Oil and gas are produced in the western desert regions, the Gulf of Suez, and the Nile Delta. Egypt has huge reserves of gas, estimated at 2,180 cubic kilometres (520 cu mi), and LNG up to 2012 exported to many countries. In 2013, the Egyptian General Petroleum Co (EGPC) said the country will cut exports of natural gas and tell major industries to slow output this summer to avoid an energy crisis and stave off political unrest, Reuters has reported. Egypt is counting on top liquid natural gas (LNG) exporter Qatar to obtain additional gas volumes in summer, while encouraging factories to plan their annual maintenance for those months of peak demand, said EGPC chairman, Tarek El Barkatawy. Egypt produces its own energy, but has been a net oil importer since 2008 and is rapidly becoming a net importer of natural gas.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: Is Egypt able to sustain just from its own energy production?
A: has been a net oil importer since 2008', '
Q: How much coal is mine yearly in northeast Sinai?
A: 600,000 tonnes', '
Q: What efforts were made in 2013 to maintain sustainability?
A: cut exports of natural gas and tell major industries to slow output this summer to avoid an energy crisis', '
Q: What is Egypts energy market based upon?
A: coal, oil, natural gas, and hydro power']
Economic conditions have started to improve considerably, after a period of stagnation, due to the adoption of more liberal economic policies by the government as well as increased revenues from tourism and a booming stock market. In its annual report, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) has rated Egypt as one of the top countries in the world undertaking economic reforms. Some major economic reforms undertaken by the government since 2003 include a dramatic slashing of customs and tariffs. A new taxation law implemented in 2005 decreased corporate taxes from 40% to the current 20%, resulting in a stated 100% increase in tax revenue by the year 2006.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What has been the trend lately in the Egypt economy?
A: improve considerably', '
Q: What area of business have boomed lately in Egypt?
A: stock market', '
Q: What was change made to corporate taxes in 2005?
A: decreased corporate taxes from 40% to the current 20%', '
Q: What ws the overall impact to tax revenue from change of corporate tax rate?
A: 100% increase in tax revenue by the year 2006']
Foreign direct investment (FDI) in Egypt increased considerably before the removal of Hosni Mubarak, exceeding $6 billion in 2006, due to economic liberalisation and privatisation measures taken by minister of investment Mahmoud Mohieddin.[citation needed] Since the fall of Hosni Mubarak in 2011, Egypt has experienced a drastic fall in both foreign investment and tourism revenues, followed by a 60% drop in foreign exchange reserves, a 3% drop in growth, and a rapid devaluation of the Egyptian pound.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: How much had FDI increased to in 2006?
A: $6 billion', '
Q: Since 2011 direction has Forign direct investment gone?
A: drastic fall', '
Q: What has been the change in foreign exhange reserves since 2011?
A: 60% drop', '
Q: What has been the overall growth of economy since 2011?
A: 3% drop']
Although one of the main obstacles still facing the Egyptian economy is the limited trickle down of wealth to the average population, many Egyptians criticise their government for higher prices of basic goods while their standards of living or purchasing power remains relatively stagnant. Corruption is often cited by Egyptians as the main impediment to further economic growth. The government promised major reconstruction of the country's infrastructure, using money paid for the newly acquired third mobile license ($3 billion) by Etisalat in 2006. In the Corruption Perceptions Index 2013, Egypt was ranked 114 out of 177.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: To what extent does wealth reach from affluent down to average population?
A: limited trickle down', '
Q: Who do Egyptians blame for higher prices, while purchasing power and standard of living are stagnate?
A: government', '
Q: Where did Egyptian plan to get funds to use for reconstruction of infrastructure?
A: newly acquired third mobile license ($3 billion) by Etisalat', '
Q: Where did Egypt rank in Corruption perceptions Index in 2013?
A: 114 out of 177']
Egypt's most prominent multinational companies are the Orascom Group and Raya Contact Center. The information technology (IT) sector has expanded rapidly in the past few years, with many start-ups selling outsourcing services to North America and Europe, operating with companies such as Microsoft, Oracle and other major corporations, as well as many small and medium size enterprises. Some of these companies are the Xceed Contact Center, Raya, E Group Connections and C3. The IT sector has been stimulated by new Egyptian entrepreneurs with government encouragement.[citation needed]

Questions and answers:
["
Q: What are Egypt's 2 most prominent multinational compnaies?
A: Orascom Group and Raya Contact Center", '
Q: What sector has expanded radiply by selling outsourcing services to North America and Europe?
A: information technology (IT)', '
Q: What has stimulated IT sector?
A: new Egyptian entrepreneurs with government encouragement']
Egypt has a wide range of beaches situated on the Mediterranean and the Red Sea that extend to over 3,000 km. The Red Sea has serene waters, coloured coral reefs, rare fish and beautiful mountains. The Akba Gulf beaches also provide facilities for practising sea sports. Safaga tops the Red Sea zone with its beautiful location on the Suez Gulf. Last but not least, Sharm el-Sheikh (or City of Peace), Hurghada, Luxor (known as world's greatest open-air museum/ or City of the ⅓ of world monuments), Dahab, Ras Sidr, Marsa Alam, Safaga and the northern coast of the Mediterranean are major tourist's destinations of the recreational tourism.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: Where are Egyptian beaches situated?
A: Mediterranean and the Red Sea', '
Q: How far do Egyptian beaches extend?
A: 3,000 km', '
Q: What Egypt located body of water is known for its serenity?
A: Red Sea', "
Q: What locations on Egypt's northern coast are major tourist destinations for recreational tourism?
A: Dahab, Ras Sidr, Marsa Alam, Safaga"]
Egypt was producing 691,000 bbl/d of oil and 2,141.05 Tcf of natural gas (in 2013), which makes Egypt as the largest oil producer not member of the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) and the second-largest dry natural gas producer in Africa. In 2013, Egypt was the largest consumer of oil and natural gas in Africa, as more than 20% of total oil consumption and more than 40% of total dry natural gas consumption in Africa. Also, Egypt possesses the largest oil refinery capacity in Africa 726,000 bbl/d (in 2012). Egypt is currently planning to build its first nuclear power plant in El Dabaa city, northern Egypt.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: How much oil is Egypt producing in a day?
A: 691,000 bbl/d', '
Q: How much natural gas is Egypt producing in a day?
A: 2,141.05 Tcf', '
Q: Where does Egypt rank among oil and natural gas sonsumers in Africa?
A: largest consumer', '
Q: Where is Egypt planning to build is first nuclear power plant?
A: El Dabaa city']
The Suez Canal is an artificial sea-level waterway in Egypt considered the most important centre of the maritime transport in the Middle East, connecting the Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea. Opened in November 1869 after 10 years of construction work, it allows ship transport between Europe and Asia without navigation around Africa. The northern terminus is Port Said and the southern terminus is Port Tawfiq at the city of Suez. Ismailia lies on its west bank, 3 km (1.9 mi) from the half-way point.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What is consideredt the most important part of maritime transport in middle east?
A: The Suez Canal', '
Q: Is the Suez Canal natural?
A: artificial sea-level waterway', '
Q: What 2 bodies of water does Suez connect?
A: Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea', '
Q: When was Suez canal completed?
A: November 1869']
The canal is 193.30 km (120.11 mi) long, 24 m (79 ft) deep and 205 metres (673 ft) wide as of 2010. It consists of the northern access channel of 22 km (14 mi), the canal itself of 162.25 km (100.82 mi) and the southern access channel of 9 km (5.6 mi). The canal is a single lane with passing places in the "Ballah By-Pass" and the Great Bitter Lake. It contains no locks; seawater flows freely through the canal. In general, the canal north of the Bitter Lakes flows north in winter and south in summer. The current south of the lakes changes with the tide at Suez.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: How long is Suez canal?
A: 193.30 km (120.11 mi)', '
Q: How deep is Suez canal?
A: 24 m (79 ft)', '
Q: How wide is Suez canal?
A: 205 metres (673 ft)', '
Q: How many locks are contained in Suez Canal?
A: no locks', '
Q: What direction does the canal north of Bitter lakes flow?
A: north in winter and south in summer']
Drinking water supply and sanitation in Egypt is characterised by both achievements and challenges. Among the achievements are an increase of piped water supply between 1990 and 2010 from 89% to 100% in urban areas and from 39% to 93% in rural areas despite rapid population growth, the elimination of open defecation in rural areas during the same period, and in general a relatively high level of investment in infrastructure. Access to an improved water source in Egypt is now practically universal with a rate of 99%. About one half of the population is connected to sanitary sewers.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What basic part of civilization has been characterized by achievement and challenges?
A: Drinking water supply and sanitation', '
Q: From 1990 to 2010 what was improvement in piped water supply to urban areas?
A: 89% to 100%', '
Q: From 1990 to 2010 what was improvement in piped water supply to rural areas?
A: 39% to 93%', "
Q: Currently how much of Egypt's population is connected to sanitary sewers?
A: 99%"]
Partly because of low sanitation coverage about 17,000 children die each year because of diarrhoea. Another challenge is low cost recovery due to water tariffs that are among the lowest in the world. This in turn requires government subsidies even for operating costs, a situation that has been aggravated by salary increases without tariff increases after the Arab Spring. Poor operation of facilities, such as water and wastewater treatment plants, as well as limited government accountability and transparency, are also issues.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: Because of low sanitation coverage 17,000 Egyptian children to die each year from what condition?
A: diarrhoea', "
Q: Relative to other countries of world how do Egypts's water tariffs compare?
A: among the lowest in the world", '
Q: Due to low waer tariffs, what is required to maintain water treatment operation?
A: government subsidies']
Ethnic Egyptians are by far the largest ethnic group in the country, constituting 91% of the total population. Ethnic minorities include the Abazas, Turks, Greeks, Bedouin Arab tribes living in the eastern deserts and the Sinai Peninsula, the Berber-speaking Siwis (Amazigh) of the Siwa Oasis, and the Nubian communities clustered along the Nile. There are also tribal Beja communities concentrated in the south-eastern-most corner of the country, and a number of Dom clans mostly in the Nile Delta and Faiyum who are progressively becoming assimilated as urbanisation increases.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What is the largest ethnic group in Egypt?
A: Ethnic Egyptians', '
Q: What are the minorities that live in eastern deserts of Egypt?
A: Abazas, Turks, Greeks, Bedouin Arab tribes', '
Q: Where are Dom clans mostly gathered?
A: Nile Delta and Faiyum']
Egypt also hosts an unknown number of refugees and asylum seekers, estimated to be between 500,000 and 3 million. There are some 70,000 Palestinian refugees, and about 150,000 recently arrived Iraqi refugees, but the number of the largest group, the Sudanese, is contested.[nb 1] The once-vibrant and ancient Greek and Jewish communities in Egypt have almost disappeared, with only a small number remaining in the country, but many Egyptian Jews visit on religious or other occasions and tourism. Several important Jewish archaeological and historical sites are found in Cairo, Alexandria and other cities.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: Approximately how many rufugees and asylum seekers are in Egypt?
A: between 500,000 and 3 million', '
Q: What cities house several important Jewish archaelogical sites?
A: Cairo, Alexandria and other cities', '
Q: How may Palestinian refugees are in Egypt?
A: 70,000', '
Q: How many recent Iraqi refugees are in Egypt?
A: 150,000']
The official language of the Republic is Modern Standard Arabic. Arabic was adopted by the Egyptians after the Arab invasion of Egypt. The spoken languages are: Egyptian Arabic (68%), Sa'idi Arabic (29%), Eastern Egyptian Bedawi Arabic (1.6%), Sudanese Arabic (0.6%), Domari (0.3%), Nobiin (0.3%), Beja (0.1%), Siwi and others. Additionally, Greek, Armenian and Italian are the main languages of immigrants. In Alexandria in the 19th century there was a large community of Italian Egyptians and Italian was the "lingua franca" of the city.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What is official language of Egypt?
A: Modern Standard Arabic', '
Q: What are main laguages of immigrants?
A: Greek, Armenian and Italian', '
Q: In the 19th century, what city of Egypt was a large community of Italian Egyptians?
A: Alexandria', "
Q: What are the three most spoken languages in Egypt?
A: Egyptian Arabic (68%), Sa'idi Arabic (29%), Eastern Egyptian Bedawi Arabic (1.6%)"]
Although Egypt was a majority Christian country before the 7th Century, after Islam arrived, the country was slowly Islamified to become a majority Muslim country. Egypt emerged as a centre of politics and culture in the Muslim world. Under Anwar Sadat, Islam became the official state religion and Sharia the main source of law. It is estimated that 15 million Egyptians follow Native Sufi orders, with the Sufi leadership asserting that the numbers are much greater as many Egyptian Sufis are not officially registered with a Sufi order.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: Prior to 7th century, what was primary religion of Egypt?
A: Christian', '
Q: What became the main source of law with increasing Islamic influence in Egypt?
A: Sharia', '
Q: Under what leader did Islam become official religion of Egypt?
A: Anwar Sadat']
Of the Christian minority in Egypt over 90% belong to the native Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria, an Oriental Orthodox Christian Church. Other native Egyptian Christians are adherents of the Coptic Catholic Church, the Evangelical Church of Egypt and various other Protestant denominations. Non-native Christian communities are largely found in the urban regions of Cairo and Alexandria, such as the Syro-Lebanese, who belong to Greek Catholic, Greek Orthodox, and Maronite Catholic denominations.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What church do 90% of Christian minority in Egypt belong?
A: Coptic Orthodox Church', '
Q: Where are other Non-native Christian communities found?
A: urban regions of Cairo and Alexandria', '
Q: What do Syro-Lebanese belong to?
A: Greek Catholic, Greek Orthodox, and Maronite Catholic denominations']