romikgosai/squad_modified huggingface dataset:
In 1816, the United Kingdom annexed the islands, ruling them from the Cape Colony in South Africa. This is reported to have primarily been a measure to ensure that the French would be unable to use the islands as a base for a rescue operation to free Napoleon Bonaparte from his prison on Saint Helena. The occupation also prevented the United States from using Tristan da Cunha as a cruiser base, as it had during the War of 1812.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: in what year did the UK annex the islands?
A: 1816', '
Q: where did the UK rule the islands from?
A: South Africa']
In 1867, Prince Alfred, Duke of Edinburgh and second son of Queen Victoria, visited the islands. The main settlement, Edinburgh of the Seven Seas, was named in honour of his visit. Lewis Carroll's youngest brother, the Reverend Edwin Heron Dodgson, served as an Anglican missionary and schoolteacher in Tristan da Cunha in the 1880s.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: in what year did Prince Alfred visit the island?
A: 1867', '
Q: what was the main settlement named?
A: Edinburgh of the Seven Seas', "
Q: who is Lewis Carroll's youngest brother?
A: Reverend Edwin Heron Dodgson"]
The islands were occupied by a garrison of British Marines and a civilian population was gradually built up. Whalers also set up on the islands as a base for operations in the Southern Atlantic. However, the opening of the Suez Canal in 1869, together with the gradual move from sailing ships to coal-fired steam ships, increased the isolation of the islands, as they were no longer needed as a stopping port or for shelter for journeys from Europe to East Asia.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: what is one reason that caused the island to become less used?
A: the opening of the Suez Canal']
On 12 January 1938 by Letters Patent the islands were declared a dependency of Saint Helena. Prior to roughly this period, passing ships stopped irregularly at the island for a period of mere hours.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: what year were the islands declared dependent of saint helena?
A: 1938']
During World War II, the islands were used as a top secret Royal Navy weather and radio station codenamed HMS Atlantic Isle, to monitor Nazi U-boats (which were required to maintain radio contact) and shipping movements in the South Atlantic Ocean. The first Administrator, Surgeon Lieutenant Commander E.J.S. Woolley, was appointed by the British government during this time.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: During what war was the island used as a Royal Navy station?
A: World War II', '
Q: What was the islands codename during World War II?
A: HMS Atlantic Isle', '
Q: Who was the administrator during World War II for the island?
A: Surgeon Lieutenant Commander E.J.S. Woolley']
In 1958 as part of an experiment, Operation Argus, the United States Navy detonated an atomic bomb 160 kilometres (100 mi) high in the upper atmosphere about 175 kilometres (109 mi) southeast of the main island.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What year was an atomic bomb detonated near the island?
A: 1958', '
Q: What country test detonated an atomic bomb near the island?
A: United States']
The 1961 eruption of Queen Mary's Peak forced the evacuation of the entire population via Cape Town to England. The following year a Royal Society expedition went to the islands to assess the damage, and reported that the settlement of Edinburgh of the Seven Seas had been only marginally affected. Most families returned in 1963.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What year was the island evacuated due to an eruption?
A: 1961', '
Q: What year did most families return after being evacuated?
A: 1963', '
Q: What was the name of the settlement that was assessed after the evactuation?
A: Edinburgh of the Seven Seas']
On 23 May 2001, the islands experienced an extratropical cyclone that generated winds up to 190 kilometres per hour (120 mph). A number of structures were severely damaged and a large number of cattle were killed, prompting emergency aid, provided by the British government.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: In what year was the island hit by an extratropical cyclone?
A: 2001', '
Q: Who provided aid for the extratropical cyclone?
A: the British government']
On 4 December 2007 an outbreak of an acute virus-induced flu was reported. This outbreak was compounded by Tristan's lack of suitable and sufficient medical supplies.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: what year was a virus induced flu reported?
A: 2007']
On 13 February 2008, fire destroyed the fishing factory and the four generators that supplied power to the island. On 14 March 2008, new generators were installed and uninterrupted power was restored. This fire was devastating to the island because fishing is a mainstay of the economy. While a new factory was being planned and built, M/V Kelso came to the island and acted as a factory ship, with island fishermen based on board for stints normally of one week. The new facility was ready in July 2009, for the start of the 2009–10 fishing season.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What year did a large fire destroy the fishing factory?
A: 2008', '
Q: When were the new generators installed to correct the power problems?
A: March 2008', '
Q: what was the name of the ship that was a temporary fishing facility?
A: M/V Kelso', '
Q: when was the new fishing factory ready for use?
A: July 2009']
On 16 March 2011, the freighter MS Oliva ran aground on Nightingale Island, spilling tons of heavy fuel oil into the ocean, leaving an oil slick threatening the island's population of rockhopper penguins. Nightingale Island has no fresh water, so the penguins were transported to Tristan da Cunha for cleaning.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: When did the freighter Nightingale run aground?
A: March 2011', '
Q: What was spilled when the freighter ran aground?
A: heavy fuel oil', '
Q: what animal was threatened with the fuel oil spill?
A: rockhopper penguins', '
Q: where were the penguins transported for cleaning?
A: Tristan da Cunha']
On November 2011, the sailing boat Puma's Mar Mostro participant in Volvo Ocean Race arrived to the island after her mast broke in the first leg from Alicante and Cape Town. This event made the island, its inhabitants and lifestyle known worldwide thanks to the media reports.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: When did a boat arrive at the island with damage during a race?
A: November 2011', "
Q: What was the name of the boat that was damaged during the race?
A: Puma's Mar Mostro", '
Q: What was the name of the race the boat was damaged in?
A: Volvo Ocean Race', '
Q: what was broken/damaged on the boat?
A: mast']
The University of Kansas (KU) is a public research university and the largest in the U.S. state of Kansas. KU branch campuses are located in the towns of Lawrence, Wichita, Overland Park, Salina, and Kansas City, Kansas, with the main campus located in Lawrence on Mount Oread, the highest location in Lawrence. Founded March 21, 1865, the university was opened in 1866, under a charter granted by the Kansas State Legislature in 1864 following enabling legislation passed in 1863 under the Kansas State Constitution, adopted two years after the 1861 admission of the former Kansas Territory as the 34th state into the Union following a very famous bloody internal civil war known as "Bleeding Kansas" during the 1850s.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What is the abbreviation by which the University of Kansas is known?
A: KU', '
Q: Where is the main branch of the University of Kansas located?
A: Lawrence', '
Q: What is the tallest point in Lawrence?
A: Mount Oread', '
Q: Who authorized the opening of the University of Kansas?
A: the Kansas State Legislature', '
Q: In what year was Kansas made a member of the United States?
A: 1861']
The university's Medical Center and University Hospital are located in Kansas City, Kansas. The Edwards Campus is in Overland Park, Kansas, in the Kansas City metropolitan area. There are also educational and research sites in Parsons and Topeka, and branches of the University of Kansas School of Medicine in Wichita and Salina. The university is one of the 62 members of the Association of American Universities.

Questions and answers:
["
Q: In what two cities are there satellite locations for KU's medical school?
A: Wichita and Salina", '
Q: What organization does KU belong to?
A: the Association of American Universities', "
Q: How many insititutions comprise the Association of American Universities' membership?
A: 62", "
Q: In what city can KU's hospital be found?
A: Kansas City", "
Q: In what city can KU's Edwards campus be found?
A: Overland Park"]
Enrollment at the Lawrence and Edwards campuses was 23,597 students in fall 2014; an additional 3,371 students were enrolled at the KU Medical Center for a total enrollment of 26,968 students across the three campuses. The university overall employed 2,663 faculty members in fall 2012.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: How many people attended the University of Kansas at its Edwards and Lawrence locations in the fall semester of 2014?
A: 23,597', "
Q: In the autumn of 2014, how many people attended the University of Kansas's Medical Center?
A: 3,371", '
Q: How many students attended the University of Kansas combined in fall of 2014?
A: 26,968', '
Q: How many education professionals were working at KU in the fall of 2012?
A: 2,663']
On February 20, 1863, Kansas Governor Thomas Carney signed into law a bill creating the state university in Lawrence. The law was conditioned upon a gift from Lawrence of a $15,000 endowment fund and a site for the university, in or near the town, of not less than forty acres (16 ha) of land. If Lawrence failed to meet these conditions, Emporia instead of Lawrence would get the university.

Questions and answers:
["
Q: On what date was KU's Lawrence campus made official?
A: February 20, 1863", '
Q: How much money did Lawrence have to contribute to the University as terms of its charter?
A: $15,000', '
Q: What was the minimum size of the land that Lawrence could provide for the university?
A: forty acres', '
Q: What competing city was next in line if Lawrence would have been unable to meet the requirements necessary to get KU built in its city?
A: Emporia']
The site selected for the university was a hill known as Mount Oread, which was owned by former Kansas Governor Charles L. Robinson. Robinson and his wife Sara bestowed the 40-acre (16 ha) site to the State of Kansas in exchange for land elsewhere. The philanthropist Amos Adams Lawrence donated $10,000 of the necessary endowment fund, and the citizens of Lawrence raised the remaining cash by issuing notes backed by Governor Carney. On November 2, 1863, Governor Carney announced that Lawrence had met the conditions to get the state university, and the following year the university was officially organized. The school's Board of Regents held its first meeting in March 1865, which is the event that KU dates its founding from. Work on the first college building began later that year. The university opened for classes on September 12, 1866, and the first class graduated in 1873.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: On what geographic feature was KU built?
A: Mount Oread', "
Q: Who did the site of KU's construction originally belong to?
A: Charles L. Robinson", '
Q: Who provided the majority of the money needed to secure the site of the University of Kansas?
A: Amos Adams Lawrence', '
Q: What was the governing body of KU?
A: Board of Regents', "
Q: What was the year in which KU's first roster of students graduated?
A: 1873"]
During World War II, Kansas was one of 131 colleges and universities nationally that took part in the V-12 Navy College Training Program which offered students a path to a Navy commission.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: How many institutions participated in the V-12 program?
A: 131', '
Q: What did the V-12 program provide to interested pupils?
A: a path to a Navy commission', '
Q: During what event did the V-12 program take place?
A: World War II']
KU is home to the Robert J. Dole Institute of Politics, the Beach Center on Disability, Lied Center of Kansas and radio stations KJHK, 90.7 FM, and KANU, 91.5 FM. The university is host to several museums including the University of Kansas Natural History Museum and the Spencer Museum of Art. The libraries of the University include the Watson Library, Spencer Research Library, and Anschutz Library, which commemorates the businessman Philip Anschutz, an alumnus of the University.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What part of KU serves students learning about government?
A: the Robert J. Dole Institute of Politics', '
Q: What are two radio stations that broadcast from KU?
A: KJHK, 90.7 FM, and KANU, 91.5 FM', '
Q: What is the name of a fine art institution on the campus of KU?
A: the Spencer Museum of Art', '
Q: Which library is dedicated to a former student of the University of Kansas?
A: Anschutz Library', '
Q: Whom is the Anschutz Library named for?
A: Philip Anschutz']
The University of Kansas is a large, state-sponsored university, with five campuses. KU features the College of Liberal Arts & Sciences, which includes the School of the Arts and the School of Public Affairs & Administration; and the schools of Architecture, Design & Planning; Business; Education; Engineering; Health Professions; Journalism & Mass Communications; Law; Medicine; Music; Nursing; Pharmacy; and Social Welfare. The university offers more than 345 degree programs.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: How many campuses are run by KU?
A: five', '
Q: What term describes the nature of how the university is partially funded?
A: state-sponsored', '
Q: What are two parts of the University of Kansas house in the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences?
A: the School of the Arts and the School of Public Affairs & Administration', '
Q: At least how many different degree-granting programs exist at KU?
A: 345']
The city management and urban policy program was ranked first in the nation, and the special education program second, by U.S. News & World Report's 2016 rankings. USN&WR also ranked several programs in the top 25 among U.S. universities.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What program at the University of Kansas was rated highest among its peers?
A: city management and urban policy', '
Q: What KU department was rated second in its field?
A: special education', '
Q: Which publication provided rankings of college and university programs?
A: U.S. News & World Report', "
Q: In what tier did a number of KU's programs rank in 2016?
A: the top 25"]
The University of Kansas School of Architecture, Design, and Planning (SADP), with its main building being Marvin Hall, traces its architectural roots to the creation of the architectural engineering degree program in KU's School of Engineering in 1912. The Bachelor of Architecture degree was added in 1920. In 1969, the School of Architecture and Urban Design (SAUD) was formed with three programs: architecture, architectural engineering, and urban planning. In 2001 architectural engineering merged with civil and environmental engineering. The design programs from the discontinued School of Fine Arts were merged into the school in 2009 forming the current School of Architecture, Design, and Planning.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What KU school is abbreviated as SADP?
A: The University of Kansas School of Architecture, Design, and Planning', '
Q: Where is the SADP housed?
A: Marvin Hall', "
Q: What was the name of the school that served as the SADP's precursor?
A: the School of Architecture and Urban Design", "
Q: With what two other programs was KU's architectural engineering curriculum joined in 2001?
A: civil and environmental engineering", '
Q: In what year did the SADP assume its current form?
A: 2009']
According to the journal DesignIntelligence, which annually publishes "America's Best Architecture and Design Schools," the School of Architecture and Urban Design at the University of Kansas was named the best in the Midwest and ranked 11th among all undergraduate architecture programs in the U.S in 2012.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What is the name of the publication that ranks schools engaged in architecture and design education?
A: DesignIntelligence', "
Q: What is the name of the yearly ratings published by DesignIntelligence?
A: America's Best Architecture and Design Schools", "
Q: What title did KU's architecture school receive in 2012?
A: best in the Midwest", '
Q: In what place did the University of Kansas finish in national rankings for undergraduate architecture programs in 2012?
A: 11th']
The University of Kansas School of Business is a public business school located on the main campus of the University of Kansas in Lawrence, Kansas. The KU School of Business was founded in 1924 and currently has more than 80 faculty members and approximately 1500 students.

Questions and answers:
["
Q: What kind of institution is KU's School of Business?
A: public", '
Q: Where is the business school at KU located?
A: Lawrence', '
Q: When was the University of Kansas School of Business established?
A: 1924', '
Q: How many students attend the business school at KU?
A: 1500', '
Q: How many educators work at the KU School of Business?
A: more than 80']
Named one of the best business schools in the Midwest by Princeton Review, the KU School of Business has been continually accredited by the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business (AACSB) for both its undergraduate and graduate programs in business and accounting.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: Who considered the business school of the University of Kansas among the best Midwestern business institutions?
A: Princeton Review', "
Q: What organization provides oversight for business schools like KU's?
A: the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business", '
Q: By what acronym is the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business known?
A: AACSB', "
Q: What are two kinds of courses of study available at KU's business school?
A: business and accounting"]
The University of Kansas School of Law was the top law school in the state of Kansas, and 68th nationally, according to the 2014 U.S. News & World Report "Best Graduate Schools" edition. Classes are held in Green Hall at W 15th St and Burdick Dr, which is named after former dean James Green.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: In 2014, what issue of U.S. News & World Report provided rankins for law schools?
A: Best Graduate Schools', "
Q: What was KU's national law school ranking in 2014?
A: 68th", '
Q: The University of Kansas had the highest rated law school in which state?
A: Kansas', '
Q: In what building do law students attend classes at KU?
A: Green Hall', '
Q: For whom is Green Hall named?
A: James Green']
The KU School of Engineering is an ABET accredited, public engineering school located on the main campus. The School of Engineering was officially founded in 1891, although engineering degrees were awarded as early as 1873.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What is the acronym for an organization that serves as an accreditation body for engineering schools?
A: ABET', '
Q: On what campus is the University of Kansas School of Engineering located?
A: main campus', "
Q: When was KU's engineering school established?
A: 1891", '
Q: When did the University of Kansas start issuing degrees in engineering?
A: 1873', "
Q: What kind of institution is KU's engineering school?
A: public"]
In the U.S. News & World Report's "America’s Best Colleges" 2016 issue, KU’s School of Engineering was ranked tied for 90th among national universities.

Questions and answers:
["
Q: Who published America's Best Colleges in 2016?
A: U.S. News & World Report", '
Q: In what place did the engineering school at KU appear in 2016?
A: 90th', "
Q: Against what other kinds of institutions was KU's engineering school compared?
A: national universities"]
Notable alumni include: Alan Mulally (BS/MS), former President and CEO of Ford Motor Company, Lou Montulli, co-founder of Netscape and author of the Lynx web browser, Brian McClendon (BSEE 1986), VP of Engineering at Google, Charles E. Spahr (1934), former CEO of Standard Oil of Ohio.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What former leader of a car manufacturing company attended KU?
A: Alan Mulally', '
Q: Which person associated with web browsers was a student at KU?
A: Lou Montulli', '
Q: What Google employee once studied at the University of Kansas?
A: Brian McClendon', '
Q: What oil company leader is an alumnus of the University of Kansas?
A: Charles E. Spahr', '
Q: For what company did Charles Spahr serve as CEO?
A: Standard Oil of Ohio']
The William Allen White School of Journalism and Mass Communications is recognized for its ability to prepare students to work in a variety of media when they graduate. The school offers two tracts of study: News and Information and Strategic Communication. This professional school teaches its students reporting for print, online and broadcast, strategic campaigning for PR and advertising, photojournalism and video reporting and editing. The J-School's students maintain various publications on campus, including The University Daily Kansan, Jayplay magazine, KUJH TV and KJHK radio. In 2008, the Fiske Guide to Colleges praised the KU J-School for its strength. In 2010, the School of Journalism and Mass Communications finished second at the prestigious Hearst Foundation national writing competition.

Questions and answers:
["
Q: What is the full name of KU's journalism school?
A: The William Allen White School of Journalism and Mass Communications", "
Q: What are the two different programs offered at KU's Schoold of Journalism?
A: News and Information and Strategic Communication", "
Q: What three types of media are students taught to work with at KU's School of Journalism?
A: print, online and broadcast", '
Q: What is the name of a magazine published at KU?
A: Jayplay magazine', '
Q: Who sponsors a contest for journalistic writing?
A: Hearst Foundation']
The University of Kansas Medical Center features three schools: the School of Medicine, School of Nursing, and School of Health Professions. Furthermore, each of the three schools has its own programs of graduate study. As of the Fall 2013 semester, there were 3,349 students enrolled at KU Med. The Medical Center also offers four year instruction at the Wichita campus, and features a medical school campus in Salina, Kansas that is devoted to rural health care.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What are the three constituents of the medical center at KU?
A: the School of Medicine, School of Nursing, and School of Health Professions', "
Q: What does each of the component schools of KU's Medical Center offer?
A: its own programs of graduate study", '
Q: How many students attended the medical center at KU in fall of 2013?
A: 3,349', '
Q: At what other KU campus is a four year program available?
A: Wichita', "
Q: What is the focus of the Salina location's medical program?
A: rural health care"]
KU's Edwards Campus is in Overland Park, Kansas. Established in 1993, its goal is to provide adults with the opportunity to complete college degrees. About 2,100 students attend the Edwards Campus, with an average age of 32. Programs available at the Edwards Campus include developmental psychology, public administration, social work, systems analysis, information technology, engineering management and design.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: In what city is the Edwards Campus located?
A: Overland Park', '
Q: When was the Edwards Campus built?
A: 1993', '
Q: Who are the main kinds of students at the Edwards Campus?
A: adults', "
Q: What is the average age of students on KU's Edwards Campus?
A: 32", '
Q: What can adult learners obtain through studying at the Edwards Campus of the University of Kansas?
A: college degrees']
Tuition at KU is 13 percent below the national average, according to the College Board, and the University remains a best buy in the region.[citation needed]

Questions and answers:
['
Q: Who provides statistics on educational costs?
A: the College Board', '
Q: What is a phrase that expresses the value of the education offered at KU with respect to its cost?
A: best buy']