romikgosai/squad_modified huggingface dataset:
According to Milton Friedman, before the Industrial Revolution virtually all children worked in agriculture. During the Industrial Revolution many of these children moved from farm work to factory work. Over time, as real wages rose, parents became able to afford to send their children to school instead of work and as a result child labour declined, both before and after legislation. Austrian School economist Murray Rothbard said that British and American children of the pre- and post-Industrial Revolution lived and suffered in infinitely worse conditions where jobs were not available for them and went "voluntarily and gladly" to work in factories.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: Where did children work prior to the Industrial Revolution?
A: agriculture', '
Q: How many children worked?
A: virtually all', '
Q: Where did children go to work after doing farm work for so long?
A: factory work', '
Q: What did parents do when the wages were finally raised?
A: send their children to school instead of work']
According to Thomas DeGregori, an economics professor at the University of Houston, in an article published by the Cato Institute, a libertarian think-tank operating in Washington D.C., "it is clear that technological and economic change are vital ingredients in getting children out of the workplace and into schools. Then they can grow to become productive adults and live longer, healthier lives. However, in poor countries like Bangladesh, working children are essential for survival in many families, as they were in our own heritage until the late 19th century. So, while the struggle to end child labour is necessary, getting there often requires taking different routes—and, sadly, there are many political obstacles.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: Where is Thomas DeGregori from?
A: University of Houston', '
Q: What country does he argue needs child labor to survive?
A: Bangladesh', '
Q: What are the obstacles he claims are to ending child labor?
A: political obstacles']
The term child labour can be misleading when it confuses harmful work with employment that may be beneficial to children. It can also ignore harmful work outside employment and any benefits children normally derive from their work. Domestic work is an example: all families but the rich must work at cleaning, cooking, caring, and more to maintain their homes. In most families in the world, this process extends to productive activities, especially herding and various types of agriculture, and to a variety of small family businesses. Where trading is a significant feature of social life, children can start trading in small items at an early age, often in the company of family members or of peers.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What is benefical work for children?
A: Domestic work', '
Q: What can children do in countries were trading is involved?
A: children can start trading in small items at an early age, often in the company of family members or of peers', '
Q: All but what type of children must learn to clean?
A: rich']
Work is undertaken from an early age by vast numbers of children in the world and may have a natural place in growing up. Work can contribute to the well-being of children in a variety of ways; children often choose to work to improve their lives, both in the short- and long-term. At the material level, children’s work often contributes to producing food or earning income that benefits themselves and their families; and such income is especially important when the families are poor. Work can provide an escape from debilitating poverty, sometimes by allowing a young person to move away from an impoverished environment. Young people often enjoy their work, especially paid work, or when work involves the company of peers. Even when work is intensive and enforced, children often find ways to combine their work with play.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What is a natural process of child development?
A: Work', '
Q: What is an escape for the young that live in poverty?
A: Work', '
Q: What are children able to do during intense work situations?
A: children often find ways to combine their work with play']
While full-time work hinders schooling, empirical evidence is varied on the relationship between part-time work and school. Sometimes even part-time work may hinder school attendance or performance. On the other hand, many poor children work for resources to attend school. Children who are not doing well at school sometimes seek more satisfactory experience in work. Good relations with a supervisor at work can provide relief from tensions that children feel at school and home. In the modern world, school education has become so central to society that schoolwork has become the dominant work for most children, often replacing participation in productive work. If school curricula or quality do not provide children with appropriate skills for available jobs or if children do nor have the aptitude for schoolwork, school may impede the learning of skills, such as agriculture, which will become necessary for future livelihood.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What hinders schooling for child labourers?
A: full-time work', '
Q: What can relieve tension for children at work?
A: Good relations with a supervisor', '
Q: What can schools do to help children led to better work lives?
A: school may impede the learning of skills']
North Carolina consists of three main geographic sections: the Atlantic Coastal Plain, which occupies the eastern 45% of the state; the Piedmont region, which contains the middle 35%; and the Appalachian Mountains and foothills. The extreme eastern section of the state contains the Outer Banks, a string of sandy, narrow barrier islands between the Atlantic Ocean and two inland waterways or "sounds": Albemarle Sound in the north and Pamlico Sound in the south. They are the two largest landlocked sounds in the United States.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: How many main geographical sections make up North Carolina?
A: three', '
Q: What section of North carolina makes up 45% of the state?
A: Atlantic Coastal Plain', '
Q: What is the section in the middle 35% of North Carolina called?
A: the Piedmont region', '
Q: Tha Appalacian mountains and foothills make up a region of what state?
A: North Carolina', '
Q: The extreme eastern section of North Carolina is called what?
A: Outer Banks']
The coastal plain transitions to the Piedmont region along the Atlantic Seaboard fall line, a line which marks the elevation at which waterfalls first appear on streams and rivers. The Piedmont region of central North Carolina is the state's most urbanized and densely populated section. It consists of gently rolling countryside frequently broken by hills or low mountain ridges. Small, isolated, and deeply eroded mountain ranges and peaks are located in the Piedmont, including the Sauratown Mountains, Pilot Mountain, the Uwharrie Mountains, Crowder's Mountain, King's Pinnacle, the Brushy Mountains, and the South Mountains. The Piedmont ranges from about 300 to 400 feet (91 to 122 m) in elevation in the east to over 1,000 feet (300 m) in the west. Because of the rapid population growth in the Piedmont, a significant part of the rural area in this region is being transformed into suburbs with shopping centers, housing, and corporate offices. Agriculture is steadily declining in importance. The major rivers of the Piedmont, such as the Yadkin and Catawba, tend to be fast-flowing, shallow, and narrow.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: Pilot Mountain and South Mountains are located in what region of North Carolina?
A: Piedmont', '
Q: What section of Central North Carolina has the most dense population?
A: The Piedmont region', '
Q: What is the average elevation in the west Piedmont region?
A: 1,000 feet', '
Q: What do you call the line that marks the elevation that waterfalls first appear on rivers?
A: Atlantic Seaboard fall line', '
Q: At what point does the coastal plin transition to the Piedmont region?
A: along the Atlantic Seaboard fall line']
The western section of the state is part of the Appalachian Mountain range. Among the subranges of the Appalachians located in the state are the Great Smoky Mountains, Blue Ridge Mountains, Great Balsam Mountains, and Black Mountains. The Black Mountains are the highest in the eastern United States, and culminate in Mount Mitchell at 6,684 feet (2,037 m) the highest point east of the Mississippi River. Although agriculture still remains important, tourism has become a dominant industry in the mountains. Growing Christmas trees has recently become an important industry as well. Because of the higher altitude, the climate in the mountains often differs markedly from that of the rest of the state. Winter in western North Carolina typically features high snowfall and subfreezing temperatures more akin to those of a midwestern state than of a southern state.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: The weatern part of North Carolina is part of what mountain range?
A: Appalachian Mountain range', '
Q: The Great Smokey Mountains and the Black Moutains are subranges of what mountains?
A: Appalachians', '
Q: What mountains are the highest in the eastern United States?
A: The Black Mountains', '
Q: What is the name of the highest point east of the Mississippi river?
A: Mount Mitchell', '
Q: How high is Mt. Mitchell?
A: 6,684 feet']
The climate of the coastal plain is influenced by the Atlantic Ocean, which keeps conditions mild in winter and moderate, although humid, in summer. The highest coastal, daytime temperature averages less than 89 °F (32 °C) during summer months. The coast has mild temperatures in winter, with daytime highs rarely below 40 °F (4 °C). The average daytime temperature in the coastal plain is usually in the mid-50s °F (11–14 °C) in winter. Temperatures in the coastal plain only occasionally drop below the freezing point at night. The coastal plain averages only around 1 inch (2.5 cm) of snow or ice annually, and in many years, there may be no snow or ice at all.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What ocean influinces the climate of North Carolinas coastal plain?
A: Atlantic', '
Q: What is the climate of the coastal plain in the winter?
A: mild', '
Q: What is the climate of North Carolinas coastal plain in the summer?
A: moderate, although humid', '
Q: What is the average high North Carolina coastal temperature on the plains in the summer?
A: 89 °F', '
Q: How often do temperatures on the coastal plain of NC drop below freezing at night?
A: occasionally']
The Atlantic Ocean has less influence on the climate of the Piedmont region, which has hotter summers and colder winters than in the coast. Daytime highs in the Piedmont often reach over 90 °F (32 °C) in the summer. While it is not common for the temperature to reach over 100 °F (38 °C) in the state, such temperatures, when they occur, typically are found only in the lower-elevation areas of the Piedmont and far-inland areas of the coastal plain. The weaker influence of the Atlantic Ocean also means that temperatures in the Piedmont often fluctuate more widely than in the coast.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What region of North Carolina has hotter summers and colder winters than the coast?
A: Piedmont', '
Q: In summer, daytime highs often reach what temperature in the Piedmont region?
A: 90 °F', '
Q: Temperatures over 100 degrees will typically be found in what elevation of the Piedmont?
A: .', '
Q: What type of influence of the Atlantic Ocean makes the temperatures fluctuate more than on the coast?
A: weaker']
In winter, the Piedmont is colder than the coast, with temperatures usually averaging in the upper 40s–lower 50s °F (8–12 °C) during the day and often dropping below the freezing point at night. The region averages around 3–5 in (8–13 cm) of snowfall annually in the Charlotte area, and slightly more north toward the Virginia border. The Piedmont is especially notorious for sleet and freezing rain. Freezing rain can be heavy enough to snarl traffic and break down trees and power lines. Annual precipitation and humidity are lower in the Piedmont than in the mountains or the coast, but even at its lowest, the average is 40 in (1,020 mm) per year.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: The Piedmont is colder than the coast in what season?
A: winter', '
Q: What is the average winter daytime temperature in the Piedmont?
A: upper 40s–lower 50s °F', '
Q: What do the temperatures often drop to at night in the piedmont region in the winter?
A: below the freezing point', '
Q: What is the average snowfall per year in Charlotte?
A: 3–5 in', '
Q: What type of precipitation is the Piedmont known for?
A: sleet and freezing rain']
The Appalachian Mountains are the coolest area of the state, with temperatures averaging in the low 40s and upper 30s °F (6–3 °C) for highs in the winter and falling into the low 20s °F (−5 °C) or lower on winter nights. Relatively cool summers have temperatures rarely rising above 80 °F (27 °C). Average snowfall in many areas exceeds 30 in (76 cm) per year, and can be heavy at the higher elevations; for example, during the Blizzard of 1993 more than 60 in (152 cm) of snow fell on Mount Mitchell over a period of three days. Mount Mitchell has received snow in every month of the year.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What mountain range makes up the coolest part of North Carolina?
A: The Appalachian Mountains', '
Q: What are the average high winter temperatures in the Appalachians?
A: low 40s and upper 30s °F', '
Q: What are the low winter temperatures in the Appalachians?
A: low 20s °F (−5 °C) or lower', '
Q: Temperatures rarely go higher than what temperature in the Appalachians?
A: 80 °F', '
Q: Average snowfall in the Appalachians can exceed how many inches?
A: 30']
Severe weather occurs regularly in North Carolina. On the average, a hurricane hits the state once a decade. Destructive hurricanes that have struck the state include Hurricane Fran, Hurricane Floyd, and Hurricane Hazel, the strongest storm to make landfall in the state, as a Category 4 in 1954. Hurricane Isabel stands out as the most damaging of the 21st century. Tropical storms arrive every 3 or 4 years. In addition, many hurricanes and tropical storms graze the state. In some years, several hurricanes or tropical storms can directly strike the state or brush across the coastal areas. Only Florida and Louisiana are hit by hurricanes more often. Although many people believe that hurricanes menace only coastal areas, the rare hurricane which moves inland quickly enough can cause severe damage; for example, in 1989, Hurricane Hugo caused heavy damage in Charlotte and even as far inland as the Blue Ridge Mountains in the northwestern part of the state. On the average, North Carolina has 50 days of thunderstorm activity per year, with some storms becoming severe enough to produce hail, flash floods, and damaging winds.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: Hoe often do hurricanes hit North Carolina?
A: once a decade', '
Q: Floyd, Fran, and Hazel are examples of what that hit the state of North Carolina?
A: hurricanes', '
Q: What was the strongest storm to make landfall in North Carolina?
A: Hurricane Hazel', '
Q: What category of hurricane was Hazel?
A: 4', '
Q: What year did Hurrican Hazel hit North Carolina?
A: 1954']
North Carolina averages fewer than 20 tornadoes per year, many of them produced by hurricanes or tropical storms along the coastal plain. Tornadoes from thunderstorms are a risk, especially in the eastern part of the state. The western Piedmont is often protected by the mountains, which tend to break up storms as they try to cross over; the storms will often re-form farther east. Also a weather phenomenon known as "cold air damming" often occurs in the northwestern part of the state, which can also weaken storms but can also lead to major ice events in winter.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: How many tornadoes does North Carolina have per year?
A: fewer than 20', '
Q: Houuricanes and tropical stors can produce what across the coastal plain?
A: tornadoes', '
Q: What part of the state holds the highest risk for tornadoes?
A: eastern', '
Q: What protects the western piedmont from tornadoes?
A: mountains', '
Q: What weather phenomenom can weaken storms but cause major ice events in NW North Carolina?
A: cold air damming']
Before A.D. 200, residents were building earthwork mounds, which were used for ceremonial and religious purposes. Succeeding peoples, including those of the ancient Mississippian culture established by A.D. 1000 in the Piedmont, continued to build or add onto such mounds. In the 500–700 years preceding European contact, the Mississippian culture built large, complex cities and maintained far-flung regional trading networks. Historically documented tribes in the North Carolina region included the Carolina Algonquian-speaking tribes of the coastal areas, such as the Chowanoke, Roanoke, Pamlico, Machapunga, Coree, Cape Fear Indians, and others, who were the first to encounter the English; Iroquoian-speaking Meherrin, Cherokee and Tuscarora of the interior; and Southeastern Siouan tribes, such as the Cheraw, Waxhaw, Saponi, Waccamaw, and Catawba.[citation needed]

Questions and answers:
['
Q: During what time period did people buid earth mounds used for religious and ceremonial purposes?
A: Before A.D. 200', '
Q: By 1000 AD, what culture of people settled in the Piedmont?
A: ancient Mississippian culture', '
Q: About how many years before European contact did ancient Mississippian culture build large cities?
A: 500–700 years', '
Q: Pamlico and Cape fear indians are examples of what?
A: Algonquian-speaking tribes', '
Q: Where did the Algonquin speaking tribes of North Carolina live?
A: the coastal areas']
In June 1718 Blackbeard, aka Edward Teach, ran his flagship, the Queen Anne's Revenge, aground at Beaufort Inlet, North Carolina, in present-day Carteret County. After the grounding her crew and supplies were transferred to smaller ships. In 1996 Intersal, Inc., a private firm, discovered the remains of a vessel likely to be the Queen Anne's Revenge, which was added to the US National Register of Historic Places. In November, after losing his ship and appealing to the governor of North Carolina who promised safe-haven and a pardon, the notorious pirate, Blackbeard (Edward Teach) was killed in an ambush by troops from Virginia.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What was another name for Blackbeard?
A: Edward Teach', "
Q: What was the name of blackbeards ship?
A: the Queen Anne's Revenge", '
Q: Where in North Carolina did Blackbeards ship crash?
A: Beaufort Inlet', '
Q: What year did Blackbeard run his ship aground in North Carolina?
A: 1718', "
Q: What year were the remains of the Queen Anne's Revenge discovered?
A: 1996"]
North Carolina became one of the English Thirteen Colonies and with the territory of South Carolina was originally known as the Province of Carolina. The northern and southern parts of the original province separated in 1729. Originally settled by small farmers, sometimes having a few slaves, who were oriented toward subsistence agriculture, the colony lacked cities or towns. Pirates menaced the coastal settlements, but by 1718 the pirates had been captured and killed. Growth was strong in the middle of the 18th century, as the economy attracted Scots-Irish, Quaker, English and German immigrants. The colonists generally supported the American Revolution, as the number of Loyalists was smaller than in some other colonies.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: North carolina and Sounth Carolina together were known as what?
A: the Province of Carolina', '
Q: What year were the northern and southern carolinas seperated?
A: 1729', '
Q: What was the profession of most of the settlers in the Province of Carolina?
A: small farmers', '
Q: What people were a menace to the coastal areas of the Province of carolina?
A: Pirates', '
Q: By what year had all of the pirates in the NC Province been captured or killed?
A: 1718']
During colonial times, Edenton served as the state capital beginning in 1722, and New Bern was selected as the capital in 1766. Construction of Tryon Palace, which served as the residence and offices of the provincial governor William Tryon, began in 1767 and was completed in 1771. In 1788 Raleigh was chosen as the site of the new capital, as its central location protected it from attacks from the coast. Officially established in 1792 as both county seat and state capital, the city was named after Sir Walter Raleigh, sponsor of Roanoke, the "lost colony" on Roanoke Island.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What was the state capital of North Carolina in 1722?
A: Edenton', '
Q: What city became the capital of North Carolina in 1766?
A: New Bern', '
Q: Who was the governor of North carolina in 1767?
A: William Tryon', '
Q: What was the name of the offices and residence built for William Tryon?
A: Tryon Palace', '
Q: What central North carolina cuty was chosen for the capital in 1788?
A: Raleigh']
North Carolina made the smallest per-capita contribution to the war of any state, as only 7,800 men joined the Continental Army under General George Washington; an additional 10,000 served in local militia units under such leaders as General Nathanael Greene. There was some military action, especially in 1780–81. Many Carolinian frontiersmen had moved west over the mountains, into the Washington District (later known as Tennessee), but in 1789, following the Revolution, the state was persuaded to relinquish its claim to the western lands. It ceded them to the national government so that the Northwest Territory could be organized and managed nationally.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What state made the smallest contribution to the revolutionary war of any state?
A: North Carolina', '
Q: How many men from NC joined the continental army?
A: 7,800', '
Q: What years were the highest concentration of military action in NC during the revolutionary war?
A: 1780–81', '
Q: Who led the continental army?
A: General George Washington', '
Q: Frontiersmen from the Carolinas moved west into what area that is now known as Tennessee?
A: Washington District']
After 1800, cotton and tobacco became important export crops. The eastern half of the state, especially the Tidewater region, developed a slave society based on a plantation system and slave labor. Many free people of color migrated to the frontier along with their European-American neighbors, where the social system was looser. By 1810, nearly 3 percent of the free population consisted of free people of color, who numbered slightly more than 10,000. The western areas were dominated by white families, especially Scots-Irish, who operated small subsistence farms. In the early national period, the state became a center of Jeffersonian and Jacksonian democracy, with a strong Whig presence, especially in the West. After Nat Turner's slave uprising in 1831, North Carolina and other southern states reduced the rights of free blacks. In 1835 the legislature withdrew their right to vote.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: After what year did cotton and tobacco become important crops in North Carolina?
A: After 1800', '
Q: The Tidewater region was in what half of North Carolina?
A: eastern', '
Q: What region of North Carolina used slave labor and developed a slave society?
A: the Tidewater region', '
Q: Where did free black people migrate to because of the looser social system?
A: the frontier', '
Q: By 1810, what percentage of the free population was black?
A: 3']