romikgosai/squad_modified huggingface dataset:
In November 2008, 720p HD support was added. At the time of the 720p launch, the YouTube player was changed from a 4:3 aspect ratio to a widescreen 16:9. With this new feature, YouTube began a switchover to H.264/MPEG-4 AVC as its default video compression format. In November 2009, 1080p HD support was added. In July 2010, YouTube announced that it had launched a range of videos in 4K format, which allows a resolution of up to 4096×3072 pixels. In June 2015, support for 8K resolution was added, with the videos playing at 7680×4320 pixels.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: When was 720p HD support added to youtube?
A: In November 2008', '
Q: What did youtube change its screen format to from 4:3?
A: widescreen 16:9', '
Q: What video format support was added in 2009?
A: 1080p HD', '
Q: What is the highest resolution of video supported by youtube?
A: 8K resolution', '
Q: What is the name of the format that has dimensions of 4096×3072 pixels?
A: 4K']
In a video posted on July 21, 2009, YouTube software engineer Peter Bradshaw announced that YouTube users can now upload 3D videos. The videos can be viewed in several different ways, including the common anaglyph (cyan/red lens) method which utilizes glasses worn by the viewer to achieve the 3D effect. The YouTube Flash player can display stereoscopic content interleaved in rows, columns or a checkerboard pattern, side-by-side or anaglyph using a red/cyan, green/magenta or blue/yellow combination. In May 2011, an HTML5 version of the YouTube player began supporting side-by-side 3D footage that is compatible with Nvidia 3D Vision.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: Peter Bradshaw held what position in youtube?
A: software engineer', '
Q: What type of videos did youtube officially start supporting in July 2009?
A: 3D', '
Q: What is the name for the common method of viewing a 3d movie, with red and blue glasses?
A: anaglyph', '
Q: When did HTML5 officially support side-by-side 3D footage?
A: In May 2011']
YouTube offers users the ability to view its videos on web pages outside their website. Each YouTube video is accompanied by a piece of HTML that can be used to embed it on any page on the Web. This functionality is often used to embed YouTube videos in social networking pages and blogs. Users wishing to post a video discussing, inspired by or related to another user's video are able to make a "video response". On August 27, 2013, YouTube announced that it would remove video responses for being an underused feature. Embedding, rating, commenting and response posting can be disabled by the video owner.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: Youtube offers users the option to watch content where?
A: outside their website', '
Q: What is used to embed a youtube video to a webpage?
A: HTML', '
Q: What is the most common use of embedded youtube videos?
A: social networking pages and blogs', '
Q: What is a video called when a person records themselves watching a different video?
A: "video response"', '
Q: When did youtube officially remove the response feature?
A: On August 27, 2013']
YouTube does not usually offer a download link for its videos, and intends for them to be viewed through its website interface. A small number of videos, such as the weekly addresses by President Barack Obama, can be downloaded as MP4 files. Numerous third-party web sites, applications and browser plug-ins allow users to download YouTube videos. In February 2009, YouTube announced a test service, allowing some partners to offer video downloads for free or for a fee paid through Google Checkout. In June 2012, Google sent cease and desist letters threatening legal action against several websites offering online download and conversion of YouTube videos. In response, Zamzar removed the ability to download YouTube videos from its site. The default settings when uploading a video to YouTube will retain a copyright on the video for the uploader, but since July 2012 it has been possible to select a Creative Commons license as the default, allowing other users to reuse and remix the material if it is free of copyright.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: YOutube does not often post a what for its videos?
A: download link', '
Q: Youtube intends for users to watch videos where?
A: through its website', '
Q: What was added to the upload options in July of 2012?
A: a Creative Commons license', '
Q: Which site removed the option of downloading youtube videos after 2012?
A: Zamzar', '
Q: Which videos are often available for download straight from youtube?
A: the weekly addresses by President Barack Obama']
Since June 2007, YouTube's videos have been available for viewing on a range of Apple products. This required YouTube's content to be transcoded into Apple's preferred video standard, H.264, a process that took several months. YouTube videos can be viewed on devices including Apple TV, iPod Touch and the iPhone. In July 2010, the mobile version of the site was relaunched based on HTML5, avoiding the need to use Adobe Flash Player and optimized for use with touch screen controls. The mobile version is also available as an app for the Android platform. In September 2012, YouTube launched its first app for the iPhone, following the decision to drop YouTube as one of the preloaded apps in the iPhone 5 and iOS 6 operating system. According to GlobalWebIndex, YouTube was used by 35% of smartphone users between April and June 2013, making it the third most used app.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: When did youtube become available on Apple products?
A: June 2007', '
Q: When did youtube launch its first app for the iPhone?
A: September 2012', '
Q: What percentage of Smartphone users use the youtube app?
A: 35%', "
Q: What is Apple's prefered video standard?
A: H.264", "
Q: How long did it take to transfer Youtube's content to Apple's standard?
A: several months"]
A TiVo service update in July 2008 allowed the system to search and play YouTube videos. In January 2009, YouTube launched "YouTube for TV", a version of the website tailored for set-top boxes and other TV-based media devices with web browsers, initially allowing its videos to be viewed on the PlayStation 3 and Wii video game consoles. In June 2009, YouTube XL was introduced, which has a simplified interface designed for viewing on a standard television screen. YouTube is also available as an app on Xbox Live. On November 15, 2012, Google launched an official app for the Wii, allowing users to watch YouTube videos from the Wii channel. An app is also available for Wii U and Nintendo 3DS, and videos can be viewed on the Wii U Internet Browser using HTML5. Google made YouTube available on the Roku player on December 17, 2013 and in October 2014, the Sony PlayStation 4.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What service was able to search and play youtube videos as of 2008?
A: TiVo', '
Q: What did youtube launch in Jan of 2009?
A: YouTube for TV', '
Q: later in 2009 what service replaced youtube for TV
A: YouTube XL', '
Q: Google made youtube streamable on what gaming console in DEC. of 2013?
A: the Roku player', '
Q: When did youtube finally become available on the Playstation 4?
A: October 2014']
YouTube Red is YouTube's premium subscription service. It offers advertising-free streaming, access to exclusive content, background and offline video playback on mobile devices, and access to the Google Play Music "All Access" service. YouTube Red was originally announced on November 12, 2014, as "Music Key", a subscription music streaming service, and was intended to integrate with and replace the existing Google Play Music "All Access" service. On October 28, 2015, the service was re-launched as YouTube Red, offering ad-free streaming of all videos, as well as access to exclusive original content.

Questions and answers:
["
Q: What is youtube red?
A: YouTube's premium subscription service", '
Q: When was youtube red originally announced?
A: November 12, 2014', '
Q: What was the original title of youtube red?
A: Music Key', '
Q: When was youtube red re-launched with its added features?
A: October 28, 2015', '
Q: What service was "music key" intended to replace?
A: Google Play Music "All Access"']
Both private individuals and large production companies have used YouTube to grow audiences. Independent content creators have built grassroots followings numbering in the thousands at very little cost or effort, while mass retail and radio promotion proved problematic. Concurrently, old media celebrities moved into the website at the invitation of a YouTube management that witnessed early content creators accruing substantial followings, and perceived audience sizes potentially larger than that attainable by television. While YouTube's revenue-sharing "Partner Program" made it possible to earn a substantial living as a video producer—its top five hundred partners each earning more than $100,000 annually and its ten highest-earning channels grossing from $2.5 million to $12 million—in 2012 CMU business editor characterized YouTube as "a free-to-use... promotional platform for the music labels". In 2013 Forbes' Katheryn Thayer asserted that digital-era artists' work must not only be of high quality, but must elicit reactions on the YouTube platform and social media. In 2013, videos of the 2.5% of artists categorized as "mega", "mainstream" and "mid-sized" received 90.3% of the relevant views on YouTube and Vevo. By early 2013 Billboard had announced that it was factoring YouTube streaming data into calculation of the Billboard Hot 100 and related genre charts.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: Other than private individuals, who has used youtube to grow their audience?
A: large production companies', "
Q: What is the name of youtube's revenue-sharing program?
A: Partner Program", '
Q: What was the highest earning youtube partner video producer?
A: $12 million', '
Q: Big pop artists account for how what percentage of the views on youtube?
A: 90.3%', '
Q: Which music chart said in 2013 it would start taking youtube data into account for its ratings?
A: Billboard']
Observing that face-to-face communication of the type that online videos convey has been "fine-tuned by millions of years of evolution", TED curator Chris Anderson referred to several YouTube contributors and asserted that "what Gutenberg did for writing, online video can now do for face-to-face communication". Anderson asserted that it's not far-fetched to say that online video will dramatically accelerate scientific advance, and that video contributors may be about to launch "the biggest learning cycle in human history." In education, for example, the Khan Academy grew from YouTube video tutoring sessions for founder Salman Khan's cousin into what Forbes'  Michael Noer called "the largest school in the world", with technology poised to disrupt how people learn.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: Who is the TED curator?
A: Chris Anderson', '
Q: What surprising feature does youtube possibly have the chance to revolutionize? 
A: face-to-face communication', '
Q: Who is the founder of the Khan Academy?
A: Salman Khan', '
Q: What other surprising aspect of human development will youtube likely have an impact on?
A: education']
YouTube has enabled people to more directly engage with government, such as in the CNN/YouTube presidential debates (2007) in which ordinary people submitted questions to U.S. presidential candidates via YouTube video, with a techPresident co-founder saying that Internet video was changing the political landscape. Describing the Arab Spring (2010- ), sociologist Philip N. Howard quoted an activist's succinct description that organizing the political unrest involved using "Facebook to schedule the protests, Twitter to coordinate, and YouTube to tell the world." In 2012, more than a third of the U.S. Senate introduced a resolution condemning Joseph Kony 16 days after the "Kony 2012" video was posted to YouTube, with resolution co-sponsor Senator Lindsey Graham remarking that the video "will do more to lead to (Kony's) demise than all other action combined."

Questions and answers:
['
Q: An activist in the Arab spring said they were using Facebook to what?
A: schedule the protests', '
Q: An activist in the Arab spring said they were using Twitter to do what?
A: coordinate', '
Q: An activist in the Arab spring said they were using youtube to do what?
A: tell the world', '
Q: Who was the co-sponsor of the condemnation by the US Senate over the kony 2012 video?
A: Senator Lindsey Graham', '
Q: What year was the first youtube question asked to a presidential nominee?
A: 2007']
Conversely, YouTube has also allowed government to more easily engage with citizens, the White House's official YouTube channel being the seventh top news organization producer on YouTube in 2012 and in 2013 a healthcare exchange commissioned Obama impersonator Iman Crosson's YouTube music video spoof to encourage young Americans to enroll in the Affordable Care Act (Obamacare)-compliant health insurance. In February 2014, U.S. President Obama held a meeting at the White House with leading YouTube content creators to not only promote awareness of Obamacare but more generally to develop ways for government to better connect with the "YouTube Generation". Whereas YouTube's inherent ability to allow presidents to directly connect with average citizens was noted, the YouTube content creators' new media savvy was perceived necessary to better cope with the website's distracting content and fickle audience.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: How has youtube helped the government?
A: to more easily engage with citizens', "
Q: the white house's youtube channel was the what number ranked news channel on youtube in 2012?
A: seventh", "
Q: What was deemed necessary by the white house when creating youtube content?
A: creators' new media savvy", '
Q: In 2013 who did the healthcare exchange commission to impersonate Obama and post it to youtube?
A: Iman Crosson', "
Q: What was the purpose of Iman Crosson's video?
A: encourage young Americans to enroll"]
The anti-bullying It Gets Better Project expanded from a single YouTube video directed to discouraged or suicidal LGBT teens, that within two months drew video responses from hundreds including U.S. President Barack Obama, Vice President Biden, White House staff, and several cabinet secretaries. Similarly, in response to fifteen-year-old Amanda Todd's video "My story: Struggling, bullying, suicide, self-harm", legislative action was undertaken almost immediately after her suicide to study the prevalence of bullying and form a national anti-bullying strategy.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What is the name of the group that drew responses from the resident and most of his staff regarding anti-bullying?
A: It Gets Better Project', '
Q: How old was Amanda Todd when she took her own life because of bullying?
A: fifteen', '
Q: How ling did it take the It Gets Better Project video to draw such a huge response?
A: within two months', "
Q: What was done after Amanda Todd's death?
A: legislative action was undertaken", "
Q: What was the goal of the actions taken after Amanda Todd's death?
A: form a national anti-bullying strategy"]
Google does not provide detailed figures for YouTube's running costs, and YouTube's revenues in 2007 were noted as "not material" in a regulatory filing. In June 2008, a Forbes magazine article projected the 2008 revenue at $200 million, noting progress in advertising sales. In January 2012, it was estimated that visitors to YouTube spent an average of 15 minutes a day on the site, in contrast to the four or five hours a day spent by a typical U.S. citizen watching television. In 2012, YouTube's revenue from its ads program was estimated at 3.7 billion. In 2013 it nearly doubled and estimated to hit 5.6 billion dollars according to eMarketer, others estimated 4.7 billion,

Questions and answers:
['
Q: How much time does the average person spend watching youtube videos each day?
A: 15 minutes', '
Q: What is the average time an American watches TV in day?
A: four or five hours', "
Q: What was youtube's estimated ads revenue in 2013?
A: 3.7 billion", "
Q: What was youtube's revenue as estimated in 2008?
A: $200 million", "
Q: Youtube's financial records are not reported by who?
A: Google"]
YouTube entered into a marketing and advertising partnership with NBC in June 2006. In November 2008, YouTube reached an agreement with MGM, Lions Gate Entertainment, and CBS, allowing the companies to post full-length films and television episodes on the site, accompanied by advertisements in a section for US viewers called "Shows". The move was intended to create competition with websites such as Hulu, which features material from NBC, Fox, and Disney. In November 2009, YouTube launched a version of "Shows" available to UK viewers, offering around 4,000 full-length shows from more than 60 partners. In January 2010, YouTube introduced an online film rentals service, which is available only to users in the US, Canada and the UK as of 2010. The service offers over 6,000 films.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: When did youtube enter a partnership with NBC?
A: June 2006', '
Q: What is the name of the section in youtube that allows major content publishers to post full length movies and episodes?
A: Shows', '
Q: What was the intended purpose of youtube\'s "shows" section?
A: to create competition', '
Q: When did youtube launch the version of "shows" for the UK?
A: In November 2009', "
Q: In 2010 how many movies did youtube's rental service offer?
A: over 6,000 films"]
In May 2007, YouTube launched its Partner Program, a system based on AdSense which allows the uploader of the video to share the revenue produced by advertising on the site. YouTube typically takes 45 percent of the advertising revenue from videos in the Partner Program, with 55 percent going to the uploader. There are over a million members of the YouTube Partner Program. According to TubeMogul, in 2013 a pre-roll advertisement on YouTube (one that is shown before the video starts) cost advertisers on average $7.60 per 1000 views. Usually no more than half of eligible videos have a pre-roll advertisement, due to a lack of interested advertisers. Assuming pre-roll advertisements on half of videos, a YouTube partner would earn 0.5 X $7.60 X 55% = $2.09 per 1000 views in 2013.

Questions and answers:
["
Q: What was youtube's 2007 partner program based on?
A: AdSense", '
Q: What percentage of revenue does youtube get for ads on "partner program" channels?
A: 45 percent', '
Q: How many people are employed by the partner program?
A: over a million', '
Q: As per estimate in 2013 how much would a partner program member earn with ad revenue off of pre-roll advertising per 1000 views?
A: $2.09', "
Q: How much ad revenue goes to the original uploader of the youtube video if they're in the partner program?
A: 55 percent"]
Much of YouTube's revenue goes to the copyright holders of the videos. In 2010 it was reported that nearly a third of the videos with advertisements were uploaded without permission of the copyright holders. YouTube gives an option for copyright holders to locate and remove their videos or to have them continue running for revenue. In May 2013, Nintendo began enforcing its copyright ownership and claiming the advertising revenue from video creators who posted screenshots of its games. In February 2015, Nintendo agreed to share the revenue with the video creators.

Questions and answers:
["
Q: Where does the majority of youtube's revenue go?
A: to the copyright holders", "
Q: In 2010 what were the estimates for the amount of videos with advertisements uploaded without the copywriter's consent?
A: nearly a third", '
Q: Which major gaming company claimed copyright ad revenue rights against uploaders?
A: Nintendo', '
Q: When did Nintendo finally agree to share ad profits with the original uploaders?
A: February 2015', '
Q: What option besides removing the video does youtube grant copyright holders?
A: have them continue running for revenue']
At the time of uploading a video, YouTube users are shown a message asking them not to violate copyright laws. Despite this advice, there are still many unauthorized clips of copyrighted material on YouTube. YouTube does not view videos before they are posted online, and it is left to copyright holders to issue a DMCA takedown notice pursuant to the terms of the Online Copyright Infringement Liability Limitation Act. Three successful complaints for copyright infringement against a user account will result in the account and all of its uploaded videos being deleted.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What does the message when uploading a video ask the user not to do?
A: violate copyright laws', '
Q: Posting a video without consent of the copyright holder is what according to youtube?
A: unauthorized', '
Q: How many copyright infringements must an account have before the account is deleted?
A: Three', "
Q: Youtube doesn't do what to videos before they're posted?
A: view", '
Q: What kind of notice must a copyright holder issue when trying to take down content?
A: DMCA']
Organizations including Viacom, Mediaset, and the English Premier League have filed lawsuits against YouTube, claiming that it has done too little to prevent the uploading of copyrighted material. Viacom, demanding $1 billion in damages, said that it had found more than 150,000 unauthorized clips of its material on YouTube that had been viewed "an astounding 1.5 billion times". YouTube responded by stating that it "goes far beyond its legal obligations in assisting content owners to protect their works".

Questions and answers:
['
Q: How much did Viacom want in damages in their lawsuit against youtube?
A: $1 billion', '
Q: Companies including Viacom and Mediaset have done what against youtube?
A: filed lawsuits', '
Q: What does youtube do to prevent losing lawsuits involving copyright infringement?
A: goes far beyond its legal obligations', '
Q: How many unauthorized clips did Viacom allegedly find on youtube that infringed its copyrights?
A: 150,000']
During the same court battle, Viacom won a court ruling requiring YouTube to hand over 12 terabytes of data detailing the viewing habits of every user who has watched videos on the site. The decision was criticized by the Electronic Frontier Foundation, which called the court ruling "a setback to privacy rights". In June 2010, Viacom's lawsuit against Google was rejected in a summary judgment, with U.S. federal Judge Louis L. Stanton stating that Google was protected by provisions of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act. Viacom announced its intention to appeal the ruling.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: How much data did youtube have to hand over to Viacom as a result of the lawsuit?
A: 12 terabytes', '
Q: Which organization spoke against the courts ruling?
A: Electronic Frontier Foundation', '
Q: What did Viacom plan to do after the ruling in 2010?
A: appeal', "
Q: What happened to Viacom's lawsuit in 2010?
A: rejected in a summary judgment", '
Q: Who was the residing judge of the lawsuit?
A: Louis L. Stanton']
In June 2007, YouTube began trials of a system for automatic detection of uploaded videos that infringe copyright. Google CEO Eric Schmidt regarded this system as necessary for resolving lawsuits such as the one from Viacom, which alleged that YouTube profited from content that it did not have the right to distribute. The system, which became known as Content ID, creates an ID File for copyrighted audio and video material, and stores it in a database. When a video is uploaded, it is checked against the database, and flags the video as a copyright violation if a match is found.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: In 2007 youtube launched an automated system to detect what?
A: videos that infringe copyright', "
Q: Who was Google's CEO in 2007?
A: Eric Schmidt", '
Q: What is the name of the system that automatically detects copyright violations?
A: Content ID', '
Q: Why did the CEO of Google think the new software was necessary? 
A: resolving lawsuits', '
Q: What does Content ID do if an upload is too close a match to a known copyright material?
A: flags the video']