romikgosai/squad_modified huggingface dataset:
The 9/11 Commission's final report on July 22, 2004 stated that the FBI and Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) were both partially to blame for not pursuing intelligence reports that could have prevented the September 11, 2001 attacks. In its most damning assessment, the report concluded that the country had "not been well served" by either agency and listed numerous recommendations for changes within the FBI. While the FBI has acceded to most of the recommendations, including oversight by the new Director of National Intelligence, some former members of the 9/11 Commission publicly criticized the FBI in October 2005, claiming it was resisting any meaningful changes.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What agencies were to blame for 9/11?
A: FBI and Central Intelligence Agency', '
Q: Did 9/11 lead to more FBI oversight?
A: acceded to most of the recommendations, including oversight', '
Q: Did many believe the FBI was resisting important changes?
A: resisting any meaningful changes', '
Q: Did the people believe they were served well by the FBI?
A: not been well served']
The Criminal Justice Information Services (CJIS) Division, is located in Clarksburg, West Virginia. Organized beginning in 1991, the office opened in 1995 as the youngest agency division. The complex is the length of three football fields. It provides a main repository for information in various data systems. Under the roof of the CJIS are the programs for the National Crime Information Center (NCIC), Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR), Fingerprint Identification, Integrated Automated Fingerprint Identification System (IAFIS), NCIC 2000, and the National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS). Many state and local agencies use these data systems as a source for their own investigations and contribute to the database using secure communications. FBI provides these tools of sophisticated identification and information services to local, state, federal, and international law enforcement agencies.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: Where is the CJIS located?
A: Clarksburg, West Virginia', '
Q: When was the CJIS created?
A: 1991', '
Q: What purpose does the CJIS serve?
A: main repository for information', '
Q: Where is the data for the NCIC located?
A: Under the roof of the CJIS', '
Q: Do states have access to CJIS?
A: Many state and local agencies use these data']
The FBI director is responsible for the day-to-day operations at the FBI. Along with his deputies, the director makes sure cases and operations are handled correctly. The director also is in charge of making sure the leadership in any one of the FBI field offices is manned with qualified agents. Before the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act was passed in the wake of the September 11 attacks, the FBI director would directly brief the President of the United States on any issues that arise from within the FBI. Since then, the director now reports to the Director of National Intelligence (DNI), who in turn reports to the President.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: Who is responsible for day-to-day FBI operations?
A: The FBI director', '
Q: Who assists the FBI director?
A: his deputies', '
Q: What acts were passed relating to the FBI after 9/11?
A: Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act', '
Q: Who used to brief the President?
A: FBI director', '
Q: Who now reports to the President?
A: Director of National Intelligence']
The Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) compile data from over 17,000 law enforcement agencies across the country. They provide detailed data regarding the volume of crimes to include arrest, clearance (or closing a case), and law enforcement officer information. The UCR focuses its data collection on violent crimes, hate crimes, and property crimes. Created in the 1920s, the UCR system has not proven to be as uniform as its name implies. The UCR data only reflect the most serious offense in the case of connected crimes and has a very restrictive definition of rape. Since about 93% of the data submitted to the FBI is in this format, the UCR stands out as the publication of choice as most states require law enforcement agencies to submit this data.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What compiles data from around 17,000 law enforcement agencies?
A: The Uniform Crime Reports', '
Q: What does UCR focus on?
A: violent crimes, hate crimes, and property crimes', '
Q: Where was the UCR created?
A: 1920s']
FBI records show that 85% of COINTELPRO resources targeted groups and individuals that the FBI deemed "subversive", including communist and socialist organizations; organizations and individuals associated with the Civil Rights Movement, including Martin Luther King, Jr. and others associated with the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, and the Congress of Racial Equality and other civil rights organizations; black nationalist groups; the American Indian Movement; a broad range of organizations labeled "New Left", including Students for a Democratic Society and the Weathermen; almost all groups protesting the Vietnam War, as well as individual student demonstrators with no group affiliation; the National Lawyers Guild; organizations and individuals associated with the women's rights movement; nationalist groups such as those seeking independence for Puerto Rico, United Ireland, and Cuban exile movements including Orlando Bosch's Cuban Power and the Cuban Nationalist Movement. The remaining 15% of COINTELPRO resources were expended to marginalize and subvert white hate groups, including the Ku Klux Klan and the National States' Rights Party.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What percentage of COINTELPRO resources were targeted at FBI labeled subversive groups?
A: 85%', '
Q: Did the FBI target MLK?
A: including Martin Luther King, Jr.', '
Q: What percentage of COINTELPRO resources were used to target white hate groups?
A: 15%', "
Q: What were the key white hate groups targeted?
A: Ku Klux Klan and the National States' Rights Party", '
Q: What was the term for the liberal groups appearing at this time?
A: New Left']
Although many of FBI's functions are unique, its activities in support of national security are comparable to those of the British MI5 and the Russian FSB. Unlike the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), which has no law enforcement authority and is focused on intelligence collection overseas, FBI is primarily a domestic agency, maintaining 56 field offices in major cities throughout the United States, and more than 400 resident agencies in lesser cities and areas across the nation. At an FBI field office, a senior-level FBI officer concurrently serves as the representative of the Director of National Intelligence.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What is the FBI comparable to?
A: British MI5 and the Russian FSB', '
Q: What kind of agency is the FBI?
A: FBI is primarily a domestic agency', '
Q: How many field offices does the FBI have in major cities?
A: 56', '
Q: Around how many offices does the FBI have in minor cities?
A: 400', '
Q: Who serves as the representative of the Director of National Intelligence?
A: senior-level FBI officer']
The bureau's first official task was visiting and making surveys of the houses of prostitution in preparation for enforcing the "White Slave Traffic Act," or Mann Act, passed on June 25, 1910. In 1932, it was renamed the United States Bureau of Investigation. The following year it was linked to the Bureau of Prohibition and rechristened the Division of Investigation (DOI) before finally becoming an independent service within the Department of Justice in 1935. In the same year, its name was officially changed from the Division of Investigation to the present-day Federal Bureau of Investigation, or FBI.

Questions and answers:
["
Q: What was the bureau's first task?
A: visiting and making surveys of the houses of prostitution", '
Q: What act was the bureau initially tasked with enforcing?
A: White Slave Traffic Act', '
Q: What was the other formal name of the Mann Act?
A: White Slave Traffic Act', '
Q: When was the Mann Act passed?
A: June 25, 1910', '
Q: When was the bureau renamed?
A: In 1932,']
During the 1950s and 1960s, FBI officials became increasingly concerned about the influence of civil rights leaders, whom they believed had communist ties or were unduly influenced by them. In 1956, for example, Hoover sent an open letter denouncing Dr. T.R.M. Howard, a civil rights leader, surgeon, and wealthy entrepreneur in Mississippi who had criticized FBI inaction in solving recent murders of George W. Lee, Emmett Till, and other blacks in the South. The FBI carried out controversial domestic surveillance in an operation it called the COINTELPRO, which was short for "COunter-INTELligence PROgram." It was to investigate and disrupt the activities of dissident political organizations within the United States, including both militant and non-violent organizations. Among its targets was the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, a leading civil rights organization with clergy leadership.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: When did the FBI become concerned about Civil Rights?
A: 1950s and 1960s', '
Q: What ties did the FBI believe civil rights leaders had?
A: communist ties', '
Q: Who did Hoover send an open letter denouncing?
A: Dr. T.R.M. Howard', '
Q: What agency had Dr. T.R.M. Howard criticized?
A: FBI', '
Q: What was the controversial domestic surveillance operation in this era?
A: COINTELPRO']
Beginning in the 1940s and continuing into the 1970s, the bureau investigated cases of espionage against the United States and its allies. Eight Nazi agents who had planned sabotage operations against American targets were arrested, and six were executed (Ex parte Quirin) under their sentences. Also during this time, a joint US/UK code-breaking effort (the Venona project)—with which the FBI was heavily involved—broke Soviet diplomatic and intelligence communications codes, allowing the US and British governments to read Soviet communications. This effort confirmed the existence of Americans working in the United States for Soviet intelligence. Hoover was administering this project but failed to notify the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) until 1952. Another notable case is the arrest of Soviet spy Rudolf Abel in 1957. The discovery of Soviet spies operating in the US allowed Hoover to pursue his longstanding obsession with the threat he perceived from the American Left, ranging from Communist Party of the United States of America (CPUSA) union organizers to American liberals.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: When did the FBI begin investigating espionage?
A: 1940s', '
Q: How many Nazis were arrested?
A: Eight', '
Q: What project broke Soviet codes?
A: the Venona project', '
Q: What agency did Hoover not tell about the code break and the discoveries gained from it?
A: CIA']
In 2003 a congressional committee called the FBI's organized crime informant program "one of the greatest failures in the history of federal law enforcement." The FBI allowed four innocent men to be convicted of the March 1965 gangland murder of Edward "Teddy" Deegan in order to protect Vincent Flemmi, an FBI informant. Three of the men were sentenced to death (which was later reduced to life in prison), and the fourth defendant was sentenced to life in prison. Two of the four men died in prison after serving almost 30 years, and two others were released after serving 32 and 36 years. In July 2007, U.S. District Judge Nancy Gertner in Boston found the bureau helped convict the four men using false witness account by mobster Joseph Barboza. The U.S. Government was ordered to pay $100 million in damages to the four defendants.

Questions and answers:
["
Q: When did a committee oppose the FBI's organized crime informant program?
A: In 2003", '
Q: How many innocent men did the FBI allow to be convicted?
A: four', '
Q: What was the death sentence reduced to?
A: life in prison', '
Q: How many of the men died in prison?
A: Two', '
Q: How much was the US government ordered to pay in damages?
A: $100 million']
Between 1993 and 1996, the FBI increased its counter-terrorism role in the wake of the first 1993 World Trade Center bombing in New York City, New York; the 1995 Oklahoma City bombing in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; and the arrest of the Unabomber in 1996. Technological innovation and the skills of FBI Laboratory analysts helped ensure that the three cases were successfully prosecuted. Justice Department investigations into the FBI's roles in the Ruby Ridge and Waco incidents were found to be obstructed by agents within the Bureau. During the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, Georgia, the FBI was criticized for its investigation of the Centennial Olympic Park bombing. It has settled a dispute with Richard Jewell, who was a private security guard at the venue, along with some media organizations, in regard to the leaking of his name during the investigation.

Questions and answers:
["
Q: When did the FBI increase it's counter-terrorism role?
A: Between 1993 and 1996", '
Q: What prompted the FBI increase in counter-terrorism?
A: World Trade Center bombing', '
Q: Where was the World Trade Center?
A: New York City, New York', '
Q: When was Oklahoma city bombed?
A: 1995', '
Q: What did agents within the FBI do to investigations of the agency?
A: obstructed']
During the September 11, 2001 attacks on the World Trade Center, FBI agent Leonard W. Hatton Jr. was killed during the rescue effort while helping the rescue personnel evacuate the occupants of the South Tower and stayed when it collapsed. Within months after the attacks, FBI Director Robert Mueller, who had been sworn in a week before the attacks, called for a re-engineering of FBI structure and operations. He made countering every federal crime a top priority, including the prevention of terrorism, countering foreign intelligence operations, addressing cyber security threats, other high-tech crimes, protecting civil rights, combating public corruption, organized crime, white-collar crime, and major acts of violent crime.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What FBI agent was killed during attacks on the World Trade Center?
A: Leonard W. Hatton Jr', '
Q: What tower was Leonard W. Hatton Jr attempting to evacuate?
A: South Tower', "
Q: What did the FBI's new director want?
A: re-engineering", "
Q: What was the new head of the FBI's top priority?
A: countering every federal crime", '
Q: What part of the FBI did Mueller want to re-engineer?
A: structure and operations']
On July 8, 2007 The Washington Post published excerpts from UCLA Professor Amy Zegart's book Spying Blind: The CIA, the FBI, and the Origins of 9/11. The Post reported from Zegart's book that government documents show the CIA and FBI missed 23 potential chances to disrupt the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001. The primary reasons for the failures included: agency cultures resistant to change and new ideas; inappropriate incentives for promotion; and a lack of cooperation between the FBI, CIA and the rest of the United States Intelligence Community. The book blamed the FBI's decentralized structure, which prevented effective communication and cooperation among different FBI offices. The book suggested that the FBI has not evolved into an effective counter-terrorism or counter-intelligence agency, due in large part to deeply ingrained agency cultural resistance to change. For example, FBI personnel practices continue to treat all staff other than special agents as support staff, classifying intelligence analysts alongside the FBI's auto mechanics and janitors.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: When did the Washington Post publish excerpts from the book Spying Blind?
A: July 8, 2007', '
Q: How many chances to disrupt the 9/11 attacks did the FBI dismiss?
A: 23', '
Q: What two agencies had a lack of co-operation?
A: FBI, CIA', "
Q: What was to blame for the FBI's failure?
A: FBI's decentralized structure", "
Q: What did the FBI's decentralized structure prevent?
A: effective communication"]
The USA PATRIOT Act increased the powers allotted to the FBI, especially in wiretapping and monitoring of Internet activity. One of the most controversial provisions of the act is the so-called sneak and peek provision, granting the FBI powers to search a house while the residents are away, and not requiring them to notify the residents for several weeks afterwards. Under the PATRIOT Act's provisions, the FBI also resumed inquiring into the library records of those who are suspected of terrorism (something it had supposedly not done since the 1970s).

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What increased the powers of the FBI?
A: USA PATRIOT Act', '
Q: What was one of the most controversial parts of the Patriot Act?
A: sneak and peek provision', '
Q: What new residential powers did the FBI now have?
A: search a house while the residents are away', '
Q: Could the FBI inquire into library records?
A: FBI also resumed inquiring into the library records', "
Q: Who's library records did the FBI look into?
A: those who are suspected of terrorism"]
The FBI Laboratory, established with the formation of the BOI, did not appear in the J. Edgar Hoover Building until its completion in 1974. The lab serves as the primary lab for most DNA, biological, and physical work. Public tours of FBI headquarters ran through the FBI laboratory workspace before the move to the J. Edgar Hoover Building. The services the lab conducts include Chemistry, Combined DNA Index System (CODIS), Computer Analysis and Response, DNA Analysis, Evidence Response, Explosives, Firearms and Tool marks, Forensic Audio, Forensic Video, Image Analysis, Forensic Science Research, Forensic Science Training, Hazardous Materials Response, Investigative and Prospective Graphics, Latent Prints, Materials Analysis, Questioned Documents, Racketeering Records, Special Photographic Analysis, Structural Design, and Trace Evidence. The services of the FBI Laboratory are used by many state, local, and international agencies free of charge. The lab also maintains a second lab at the FBI Academy.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: When did the FBI lab first appear?
A: 1974', '
Q: Where was the FBI lab?
A: J. Edgar Hoover Building', '
Q: Who uses the FBI lab services?
A: state, local, and international agencies', '
Q: How much does the FBI charges for lab services?
A: free', '
Q: Where is the second FBI lab?
A: FBI Academy']
In 2000, the FBI began the Trilogy project to upgrade its outdated information technology (IT) infrastructure. This project, originally scheduled to take three years and cost around $380 million, ended up going far over budget and behind schedule. Efforts to deploy modern computers and networking equipment were generally successful, but attempts to develop new investigation software, outsourced to Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC), were not. Virtual Case File, or VCF, as the software was known, was plagued by poorly defined goals, and repeated changes in management. In January 2005, more than two years after the software was originally planned for completion, the FBI officially abandoned the project. At least $100 million (and much more by some estimates) was spent on the project, which never became operational. The FBI has been forced to continue using its decade-old Automated Case Support system, which IT experts consider woefully inadequate. In March 2005, the FBI announced it was beginning a new, more ambitious software project, code-named Sentinel, which they expected to complete by 2009.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: When did the FBI begin the Trilogy project?
A: 2000', '
Q: What project centered on upgrading FBI Information Technology Infrastructure?
A: Trilogy project', '
Q: Did the Trilogy project go over budget?
A: far over budget', '
Q: When did the FBI abandon the VCF project?
A: January 2005']
An FBI special agent is issued a Glock Model 22 pistol or a Glock 23 in .40 S&W caliber. If they fail their first qualification, they are issued either a Glock 17 or Glock 19, to aid in their next qualification. In May 1997, the FBI officially adopted the Glock .40 S&W pistol for general agent use and first issued it to New Agent Class 98-1 in October 1997. At present, the Model 23 "FG&R" (finger groove and rail) is the issue sidearm. New agents are issued firearms, on which they must qualify, on successful completion of their training at the FBI Academy. The Glock 26 in 9×19mm Parabellum, and Glock Models 23 and 27 in .40 S&W caliber are authorized as secondary weapons. Special agents are authorized to purchase and qualify with the Glock Model 21 in .45 ACP. Special agents of the FBI HRT (Hostage Rescue Team), and regional SWAT teams are issued the Springfield Professional Model 1911A1 .45 ACP pistol (see FBI Special Weapons and Tactics Teams).

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What gun are FBI special agents issued?
A: Glock Model 22 pistol or a Glock 23 in .40 S&W caliber', '
Q: What are FBI special agents issued if they fail their first qualification?
A: Glock 17 or Glock 19', '
Q: What did the FBI adopt in May 1997
A: Glock .40 S&W pistol', '
Q: What did the FBI adopt the Glock .40 S&W pistol for?
A: general agent use', '
Q: What class was the first to receive the Glock .40 S&W pistol?
A: New Agent Class 98-1']
The FBI is near-impenetrable, with applicants intensely scrutinized and assessed over an extended period. To apply to become an FBI agent, one must be between the ages of 23 and 37. Due to the decision in Robert P. Isabella v. Department of State and Office of Personnel Management, 2008 M.S.P.B. 146, preference-eligible veterans may apply after age 37. In 2009, the Office of Personnel Management issued implementation guidance on the Isabella decision. The applicant must also hold American citizenship, be of high moral character, have a clean record, and hold at least a four-year bachelor's degree. At least three years of professional work experience prior to application is also required. All FBI employees require a Top Secret (TS) security clearance, and in many instances, employees need a TS/SCI (Top Secret/Sensitive Compartmented Information) clearance. To obtain a security clearance, all potential FBI personnel must pass a series of Single Scope Background Investigations (SSBI), which are conducted by the Office of Personnel Management. Special Agents candidates also have to pass a Physical Fitness Test (PFT), which includes a 300-meter run, one-minute sit-ups, maximum push-ups, and a 1.5-mile (2.4 km) run. Personnel must pass a polygraph test with questions including possible drug use. Applicants who fail polygraphs may not gain employment with the FBI.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What group of people may apply to join the FBI after age 37?
A: preference-eligible veterans', '
Q: What is the minimum age to join the FBI?
A: 23', '
Q: Is American citizenship required to be an FBI agent?
A: must also hold American citizenship', '
Q: What is a SSBI?
A: Single Scope Background Investigations', '
Q: Who conducts SSBIs?
A: Office of Personnel Management']
The FBI has maintained files on numerous people, including celebrities such as Elvis Presley, Frank Sinatra, John Denver, John Lennon, Jane Fonda, Groucho Marx, Charlie Chaplin, the band MC5, Lou Costello, Sonny Bono, Bob Dylan, Michael Jackson, and Mickey Mantle. The files were collected for various reasons. Some of the subjects were investigated for alleged ties to the Communist party (Charlie Chaplin and Groucho Marx), or in connection with antiwar activities during the Vietnam War (John Denver, John Lennon, and Jane Fonda). Numerous celebrity files concern threats or extortion attempts against them (Sonny Bono, John Denver, John Lennon, Elvis Presley, Michael Jackson, Mickey Mantle, Groucho Marx, and Frank Sinatra).

Questions and answers:
['
Q: Did the FBI keep files on Elvis Presley?
A: including celebrities such as Elvis Presley', '
Q: What activities was the FBI concerned with during the Vietnam war?
A: antiwar activities', '
Q: What kinds of treats were celebrities receiving?
A: threats or extortion attempts', '
Q: What party was the FBI concerned with?
A: Communist party']