romikgosai/squad_modified huggingface dataset:
Constantius, ordered Liberius into exile in 356 giving him, then, three days to comply. He was ordered into banishment to Beroea, in Thrace; Beroea (Thrace). He sent expensive presents, too, if he were to accept the Arian position but were refused. He sent him, indeed, five hundred pieces of gold "to bear his charges" but Liberius refused them, saying, he might bestow them on his flatters; as he did also a like present from the empress, bidding the messenger learn to believe in Christ, and not to persecute the Church of God. Attempts were made to leave the presents in The Church, but Liberius threw them out. Constantius hereupon sent for him under a strict guard to Milan, where, in a conference recorded by Theodoret, he boldly told Constantius that Athanasius had been acquitted at Sardica, and his enemies proved calumniators (see: "calumny") and impostors, and that it was unjust to condemn a person who could not be legally convicted of any crime. The emperor was reduced to silence on every article, but being the more out of patience, ordered him into banishment. Liberius went into exile. Constantius, after two years went to Rome to celebrate the twentieth year of his reign. The ladies joined in a petition to him that he would restore Liberius. He assented, upon condition that he should comply with the bishops, then, at court. He subscribed the condemnation of Athanasius, and a confession or creed which had been framed by the Arians at Sirmium. And he no sooner had recovered his see that he declared himself for the Creed of Niceae, as Theodoret testifies. (Theodoret, Hist. lib. ii. c. 17.). The Emperor knew what he wanted people to believe. So did the bishops at his court. Athanasius stuck by the orthodox creed. Constantius was an avowed Arian, became sole ruler in 350, at the death of his brother, Constans.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: Who tried to bribe Liberius?
A: Constantius', '
Q: How much warning was Liberius given before his exile?
A: three days', '
Q: Where did Liberius go?
A: Beroea', '
Q: Did bribery work in convincing Liberius to believe the Arians?
A: were refused', '
Q: What did Liberius have to promise to do in order to return?
A: comply with the bishops']
When Emperor Constantine I died, Athanasius was allowed to return to his See of Alexandria. Shortly thereafter, however, Constantine's son, the new Roman Emperor Constantius II, renewed the order for Athanasius's banishment in 338. Athanasius went to Rome, where he was under the protection of Constans, the Emperor of the West. During this time, Gregory of Cappadocia was installed as the Patriarch of Alexandria, usurping the absent Athanasius. Athanasius did, however, remain in contact with his people through his annual Festal Letters, in which he also announced on which date Easter would be celebrated that year.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: At what point could Athanasius return to Alexandria?
A: When Emperor Constantine I died', '
Q: Who provided for his protection while he was in Rome?
A: Constans', '
Q: Who became Patriarch in Alexandria while Athanasius was away?
A: Gregory of Cappadocia', '
Q: How did the people of Alexandria know when to celebrate Easter?
A: Festal Letters', '
Q: Who declared Athanasius to be exiled again?
A: Constantius II']
T. Gilmartin, (Professor of History, Maynooth, 1890), writes in Church History, Vol. 1, Ch XVII: By Constantius's order, the sole ruler of The Roman Empire at the death of his brother Constans, the Council of Arles in 353, was held, which was presided over by Vincent, Bishop of Capua, in the name of Pope Liberius. The fathers terrified of the threats of the Emperor, an avowed Arian, they consented to the condemnation of Athanasius. The Pope refused to accept their decision, and requested the Emperor to hold another Council, in which the charges against Athanasius could be freely investigated. To this Constantius consented, for he felt able to control it, at Milan. Milan was named as the place, here three hundred bishops assembled, most from the West, only a few from the East, in 355. They met in the Church of Milan. Shortly, the Emperor ordered them to a hall in the Imperial Palace, thus ending any free debate. He presented an Arian formula of faith for their acceptance. He threatened any who refused with exile and death. All, with the exception of Dionysius (bishop of Milan), and the two Papal Legates, viz., Eusebius of Vercelli and Lucifer of Cagliari, consented to the Arian Creed and the condemnation of Athanasius. Those who refused were sent into exile. The decrees were forwarded to the Pope for approval, but were rejected, because of the violence to which the bishops were subjected.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: Why did the Bishops condemn Athanasius?
A: threats of the Emperor', '
Q: What happened to the Bishops who did not take the oath?
A: sent into exile', '
Q: Did the Pope agree with this order?
A: Pope refused to accept', '
Q: Did the Emperor agree to a new trial for Athanasius?
A: Constantius consented', '
Q: What oath did the Bishops have to take at the trial?
A: Arian formula of faith']
In 361, after the death of Emperor Constantius, shortly followed by the murder of the very unpopular Bishop George, Athanasius returned to his patriarchate. The following year he convened a council at Alexandria, and presided over it with Eusebius of Vercelli. Athanasius appealed for unity among all those who had faith in Christianity, even if they differed on matters of terminology. This prepared the groundwork for his definition of the orthodox doctrine of the Trinity. However, the council also was directed against those who denied the divinity of the Holy Spirit, the human soul of Christ, and Christ's divinity. Mild measures were agreed on for those heretic bishops who repented, but severe penance was decreed for the chief leaders of the major heresies.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What happened to Bishop George?
A: murder', '
Q: What happened to Bishop leaders who did not agree with the doctrine?
A: severe penance', '
Q: When did Athanasius return to his position as Patriarch?
A: after the death of Emperor Constantius', '
Q: Who joined him when he formed a council to encourage unity among Christians?
A: Eusebius of Vercelli']
Two years later, the Emperor Valens, who favored the Arian position, in his turn exiled Athanasius. This time however, Athanasius simply left for the outskirts of Alexandria, where he stayed for only a few months before the local authorities convinced Valens to retract his order of exile. Some early reports state that Athanasius spent this period of exile at his family's ancestral tomb in a Christian cemetery. It was during this period, the final exile, that he is said to have spent four months in hiding in his father's tomb. (Soz., "Hist. Eccl.", VI, xii; Soc., "Hist. Eccl.", IV, xii).

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What Christian beliefs did Emperor Valens adhere to?
A: Arian', '
Q: Where did Athanasius during his latest exile?
A: outskirts of Alexandria', '
Q: For how long was he exiled this time?
A: few months', "
Q: Where did he hide during this time?
A: his father's tomb", '
Q: Who convinced Valens to let him return to Alexandria?
A: local authorities']
Athanasius is the first person to identify the same 27 books of the New Testament that are in use today. Up until then, various similar lists of works to be read in churches were in use. Athanasius compiled the list to resolve questions about such texts as The Epistle of Barnabas. Athanasius includes the Book of Baruch and the Letter of Jeremiah and places the Book of Esther among the "7 books not in the canon but to be read" along with the Wisdom of Solomon, Sirach (Ecclesiasticus), Judith, Tobit, the Didache, and the Shepherd of Hermas.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: Who standardized the books of the New Testament?
A: Athanasius', '
Q: What books were used before his decision to standardize?
A: various', '
Q: How many books are listed that should be included but were not?
A: 7 books', '
Q: How many books are in the New Testament?
A: 27 books', '
Q: Have those books changed over time?
A: in use today']
Perhaps, his most notable letter was his Festal Letter, written to his Church in Alexandria when he was in exile, as he could not be in their presence. This letter shows clearly his stand that accepting Jesus is the Divine Son of God is not optional but necessary; "I know moreover that not only this thing saddens you, but also the fact that while others have obtained the churches by violence, you are meanwhile cast out from your places. For they hold the places, but you the Apostolic Faith. They are, it is true, in the places, but outside of the true Faith; while you are outside the places indeed, but the Faith, within you. Let us consider whether is the greater, the place or the Faith. Clearly the true Faith. Who then has lost more, or who possesses more? He who holds the place, or he who holds the Faith?

Questions and answers:
['
Q: Did Athanasius feel that it was important to believe that Jesus was the Son of God?
A: not optional but necessary', '
Q: Did his place more value on his Faith or where he was living?
A: the true Faith', '
Q: Did he think that the people that had exiled him were true believers?
A: outside of the true Faith', '
Q: Where did Athanasius think Faith resides?
A: within you', '
Q: Who was the Festal Letter written for?
A: his Church in Alexandria']
Alban Butler, writes on the subject: "Five months after this great Council, Nicae, St Alexander lying on his death-bed, recommended to his clergy and people the choice of Athanasius for his successor, thrice repeating his name. In consequence of his recommendation, the bishops of all Egypt assembled at Alexandria, and finding the people and clergy unanimous in their choice of Athanasius for patriarch, they confirmed the election about the middle of year 326. He seems, then, to have been about thirty years of age. "

Questions and answers:
['
Q: How did the people  know that Alexander had chosen Athanasius as his successor?
A: thrice repeating his name', '
Q: How old was Athanasius when he was chosen as Patriarch?
A: thirty years', '
Q: Who came to Alexandria to confirm the choice?
A: bishops of all Egypt', '
Q: Did all the people want him as Patriarch?
A: unanimous in their choice', '
Q: How long after the Council of Nicae did Alexander die?
A: Five months']
The Gospel of John and particularly the first chapter demonstrates the Divinity of Jesus. This Gospel in itself is the greatest support of Athanasius's stand. The Gospel of John's first chapter began to be said at the end of Mass, we believe as a result of Athanasius, and his life's stand, but quietly. The Last Gospel of The Mass, The Eucharist, St John[1:1–14], together with the prayer; "Placeat tibi", the Blessing, are all private devotions that have been gradually absorbed by the liturgical service. The beginning of John's Gospel was much used as an object of special devotion throughout the Middle Ages. Nevertheless, the practice of saying it at the altar grew; eventually Pius V made this practice universal for the Roman Rite in his edition of the Missal (1570). It became a firm custom with exceptions in using an other Gospel in use from 1920. So the Missals showed different last Gospel for certain Feast days. A Prayer Card for the St John's Gospel. Also:

Questions and answers:
['
Q: Which of the Gospels most agrees with Athanasius?
A: Gospel of John', '
Q: What does this Gospel show that Athanasius also believed?
A: the Divinity of Jesus', '
Q: Why is the Gospel of John said at the end of Catholic Mass?
A: a result of Athanasius', '
Q: Where was this Gospel said?
A: at the altar', '
Q: When are different Gospels said?
A: certain Feast days']
Scholars now believe that the Arian Party was not monolithic, but held drastically different theological views that spanned the early Christian theological spectrum. They supported the tenets of Origenist thought and theology, but had little else in common. Moreover, many labelled "Arian" did not consider themselves followers of Arius. In addition, non-Homoousian bishops disagreed with being labeled as followers of Arius, since Arius was merely a presbyter, while they were fully ordained bishops. However, others point to the Council of Nicaea as proof in and of itself that Arianism was a real theological ideology.[citation needed]

Questions and answers:
['
Q: Did all Arians believe the same things?
A: different theological views', '
Q: Were Arians also Origenists?
A: supported the tenets', '
Q: Did the bishops consider themselves Arians?
A: bishops disagreed', '
Q: What did the Council of Nicaea decide about Arianism?
A: a real theological ideology', '
Q: Did Arians have one set of beliefs?
A: not monolithic']
Logging was Seattle's first major industry, but by the late 19th century the city had become a commercial and shipbuilding center as a gateway to Alaska during the Klondike Gold Rush. By 1910, Seattle was one of the 25 largest cities in the country. However, the Great Depression severely damaged the city's economy. Growth returned during and after World War II, due partially to the local Boeing company, which established Seattle as a center for aircraft manufacturing. The Seattle area developed as a technology center beginning in the 1980s, with companies like Microsoft becoming established in the region. In 1994 the Internet retail giant Amazon was founded in Seattle. The stream of new software, biotechnology, and Internet companies led to an economic revival, which increased the city's population by almost 50,000 between 1990 and 2000.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: To what golden event was Seattle the portal?
A: Klondike Gold Rush', '
Q: Which large technology giant established its home base in Seattle?
A: Microsoft', '
Q: In what area was the Klondike Gold Rush located?
A: Alaska', "
Q: What was Seattle's first primary money maker?
A: Logging", '
Q: What was the airplane company that helped Seattle return to economic stability? 
A: Boeing']
Seattle (i/siˈætəl/) is a West Coast seaport city and the seat of King County. With an estimated 662,400 residents as of 2015[update], Seattle is the largest city in both the state of Washington and the Pacific Northwest region of North America. In July 2013 it was the fastest-growing major city in the United States, and remained in the top five in May 2015 with an annual growth rate of 2.1%. The Seattle metropolitan area of around 3.6 million inhabitants is the 15th largest metropolitan area in the United States. The city is situated on an isthmus between Puget Sound (an inlet of the Pacific Ocean) and Lake Washington, about 100 miles (160 km) south of the Canada–United States border. A major gateway for trade with Asia, Seattle is the third largest port in North America in terms of container handling as of 2015.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: Of which Washington county is Seattle the center?
A: King County', "
Q: By 2015 what was Seattle's population?
A: 662,400", "
Q: What is Seattle's ranking in North America in terms of container processing? 
A: third largest", '
Q: By what time was Seattle the most rapidly growing city in the US?
A: July 2013', '
Q: How far away is the Canadian border from Seattle?
A: 100 miles']
After a difficult winter, most of the Denny Party relocated across Elliott Bay and claimed land a second time at the site of present-day Pioneer Square. Charles Terry and John Low remained at the original landing location and reestablished their old land claim and called it "New York", but renamed "New York Alki" in April 1853, from a Chinook word meaning, roughly, "by and by" or "someday". For the next few years, New York Alki and Duwamps competed for dominance, but in time Alki was abandoned and its residents moved across the bay to join the rest of the settlers.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What group of settlers established a site at Pioneer Square?
A: Denny Party', '
Q: When was New York Alki established?
A: April 1853', '
Q: by what name did Charles Terry and John Low first name their settlement?
A: New York', "
Q: What was the Chinook enhanced name of Terry and Low's settlement?
A: New York Alki", '
Q: What site was eventually abandoned when the settlers moved back in with Denny?
A: New York Alki']
The name "Seattle" appears on official Washington Territory papers dated May 23, 1853, when the first plats for the village were filed. In 1855, nominal land settlements were established. On January 14, 1865, the Legislature of Territorial Washington incorporated the Town of Seattle with a board of trustees managing the city. The town of Seattle was disincorporated January 18, 1867 and remained a mere precinct of King County until late 1869, when a new petition was filed and the city was re-incorporated December 2, 1869 with a Mayor-council government. The corporate seal of the City of Seattle carries the date "1869" and a likeness of Chief Sealth in left profile.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: At what date did the name Seattle first appear on official papers?
A: May 23, 1853', '
Q: What famous Indian appears on the seal of Seattle?
A: Chief Sealth', '
Q: When were the first land allocations made in Seattle?
A: May 23, 1853', '
Q: At what date was Seattle incorporated as a town?
A: January 14, 1865', '
Q: What type of governing body did Seattle have in 1869?
A: Mayor-council']
The first such boom, covering the early years of the city, rode on the lumber industry. (During this period the road now known as Yesler Way won the nickname "Skid Road", supposedly after the timber skidding down the hill to Henry Yesler's sawmill. The later dereliction of the area may be a possible origin for the term which later entered the wider American lexicon as Skid Row.) Like much of the American West, Seattle saw numerous conflicts between labor and management, as well as ethnic tensions that culminated in the anti-Chinese riots of 1885–1886. This violence originated with unemployed whites who were determined to drive the Chinese from Seattle (anti-Chinese riots also occurred in Tacoma). In 1900, Asians were 4.2% of the population. Authorities declared martial law and federal troops arrived to put down the disorder.

Questions and answers:
["
Q: What was the industry source that produced Seattle's first financial vigor?
A: lumber", '
Q: What name was given to the street Yesler Way?
A: Skid Road', '
Q: After Yesler Way fell into ill refute, what was the term generally used for this type of decline?
A: Skid Row', '
Q: What percentage of the Seattle population was Asian in 1900?
A: 4.2%', '
Q: What events occurred in 1885-1886 due to racial disputes?
A: anti-Chinese riots']
The second and most dramatic boom and bust resulted from the Klondike Gold Rush, which ended the depression that had begun with the Panic of 1893; in a short time, Seattle became a major transportation center. On July 14, 1897, the S.S. Portland docked with its famed "ton of gold", and Seattle became the main transport and supply point for the miners in Alaska and the Yukon. Few of those working men found lasting wealth, however; it was Seattle's business of clothing the miners and feeding them salmon that panned out in the long run. Along with Seattle, other cities like Everett, Tacoma, Port Townsend, Bremerton, and Olympia, all in the Puget Sound region, became competitors for exchange, rather than mother lodes for extraction, of precious metals. The boom lasted well into the early part of the 20th century and funded many new Seattle companies and products. In 1907, 19-year-old James E. Casey borrowed $100 from a friend and founded the American Messenger Company (later UPS). Other Seattle companies founded during this period include Nordstrom and Eddie Bauer. Seattle brought in the Olmsted Brothers landscape architecture firm to design a system of parks and boulevards.

Questions and answers:
["
Q: After lumbering, what was Seattle's second big economic boom?
A: Klondike Gold Rush", '
Q: What event ended the Gold Rush?
A: depression', '
Q: What was the start of the depression that stopped the Gold Rush?
A: Panic of 1893', '
Q: For whom was Seattle the main port of supply ?
A: miners', '
Q: What company did James E. Casey found in 1907 with a borrowed $100?
A: American Messenger Company']
War work again brought local prosperity during World War II, this time centered on Boeing aircraft. The war dispersed the city's numerous Japanese-American businessmen due to the Japanese American internment. After the war, the local economy dipped. It rose again with Boeing's growing dominance in the commercial airliner market. Seattle celebrated its restored prosperity and made a bid for world recognition with the Century 21 Exposition, the 1962 World's Fair. Another major local economic downturn was in the late 1960s and early 1970s, at a time when Boeing was heavily affected by the oil crises, loss of Government contracts, and costs and delays associated with the Boeing 747. Many people left the area to look for work elsewhere, and two local real estate agents put up a billboard reading "Will the last person leaving Seattle – Turn out the lights."

Questions and answers:
["
Q: During WWII what company added substantially to Seattle's economy?
A: Boeing aircraft", '
Q: What national event during WWII left Seattle without Japanese businessmen?
A: Japanese American internment', '
Q: In what facet of the economy did Boeing excel?
A: commercial airliner market', "
Q: How did Seattle celebrate its economic rise in 1962?
A: 1962 World's Fair", "
Q: What company's downturn drastically effected Seattle's economy?
A: Boeing"]
Seattle was also the home base of impresario Alexander Pantages who, starting in 1902, opened a number of theaters in the city exhibiting vaudeville acts and silent movies. His activities soon expanded, and the thrifty Greek went on and became one of America's greatest theater and movie tycoons. Between Pantages and his rival John Considine, Seattle was for a while the western United States' vaudeville mecca. B. Marcus Priteca, the Scottish-born and Seattle-based architect, built several theaters for Pantages, including some in Seattle. The theaters he built for Pantages in Seattle have been either demolished or converted to other uses, but many other theaters survive in other cities of the U.S., often retaining the Pantages name; Seattle's surviving Paramount Theatre, on which he collaborated, was not a Pantages theater.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What type of theater did Alexander Pantages start in Seattle?
A: vaudeville', '
Q: When did Pantages open his movie houses?
A: 1902', '
Q: Who was Pantages competitor in the theater business?
A: John Considine', '
Q: Who was the architect who built a number of theaters in the Seattle area?
A: B. Marcus Priteca', "
Q: Which of Seattle's famous, and still extant,  theaters did Priteca disign?
A: Paramount Theatre"]
Seattle remained the corporate headquarters of Boeing until 2001, when the company separated its headquarters from its major production facilities; the headquarters were moved to Chicago. The Seattle area is still home to Boeing's Renton narrow-body plant (where the 707, 720, 727, and 757 were assembled, and the 737 is assembled today) and Everett wide-body plant (assembly plant for the 747, 767, 777, and 787). The company's credit union for employees, BECU, remains based in the Seattle area, though it is now open to all residents of Washington.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: When did Boeing move its headquarters to Chicago?
A: 2001', '
Q: Before 2001, where was Boeing headquartered?
A: Seattle', '
Q: What did Boeing separate from its headquarters facilities?
A: production facilities', '
Q: Besides the Renton plant, where else are airplanes made for Boeing?
A: Everett', '
Q: To whom is the Boeing credit union open?
A: all residents']