romikgosai/squad_modified huggingface dataset:
New Haven's economy originally was based in manufacturing, but the postwar period brought rapid industrial decline; the entire Northeast was affected, and medium-sized cities with large working-class populations, like New Haven, were hit particularly hard. Simultaneously, the growth and expansion of Yale University further affected the economic shift. Today, over half (56%) of the city's economy is now made up of services, in particular education and health care; Yale is the city's largest employer, followed by Yale – New Haven Hospital. Other large employers include St. Raphael Hospital, Smilow Cancer Hospital, Southern Connecticut State University, Assa Abloy Manufacturing, the Knights of Columbus headquarters, Higher One, Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Covidien and United Illuminating. Yale and Yale-New Haven are also among the largest employers in the state, and provide more $100,000+-salaried positions than any other employer in Connecticut.[citation needed]

Questions and answers:
["
Q: What sector originally provided the largest contribution to New Haven's economy?
A: manufacturing", '
Q: What entity serves as the largest employer in New Haven?
A: Yale', "
Q: What percentage of New Haven's economy is based in services grounded in health care and education?
A: 56%", '
Q: What is the second largest employer in New Haven?
A: Yale – New Haven Hospital', '
Q: What pharmaceutical company serves as a large employment provider for New Haven? 
A: Alexion', '
Q: New Haven relied on what in terms of growth and economy?
A: manufacturing', '
Q: Was the city the only one that suffer a decline within the manufacturing sector?
A: entire Northeast was affected', '
Q: In modern day how much does New Haven depend on blue collar jobs?
A: over half (56%)', "
Q: What institution has largest impact on the city's job market?
A: Yale"]
The Knights of Columbus, the world's largest Catholic fraternal service organization and a Fortune 1000 company, is headquartered in New Haven. Two more Fortune 1000 companies are based in Greater New Haven: the electrical equipment producers Hubbell, based in Orange, and Amphenol, based in Wallingford. Eight Courant 100 companies are based in Greater New Haven, with four headquartered in New Haven proper. New Haven-based companies traded on stock exchanges include NewAlliance Bank, the second largest bank in Connecticut and fourth-largest in New England (NYSE: NAL), Higher One Holdings (NYSE: ONE), a financial services firm United Illuminating, the electricity distributor for southern Connecticut (NYSE: UIL), Achillion Pharmaceuticals (NASDAQ: ACHN), Alexion Pharmaceuticals (NasdaqGS: ALXN), and Transpro Inc. (AMEX: TPR). Vion Pharmaceuticals is traded OTC (OTC BB: VIONQ.OB). Other notable companies based in the city include the Peter Paul Candy Manufacturing Company (the candy-making division of the Hershey Company), the American division of Assa Abloy (one of the world's leading manufacturers of locks), Yale University Press, and the Russell Trust Association (the business arm of the Skull and Bones Society). The Southern New England Telephone Company (SNET) began operations in the city as the District Telephone Company of New Haven in 1878; the company remains headquartered in New Haven as a subsidiary of AT&T Inc., now doing business as AT&T Connecticut, and provides telephone service for all but two municipalities in Connecticut.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What Fortune 1000 company, also the largest Catholic service organization in the world, is based in New Haven?
A: The Knights of Columbus', '
Q: What prominent producer of electrical equipment, also a Fortune 1000 company, is based in Greater New Haven? 
A: Hubbell', '
Q: What publicly traded bank, also the second largest in Connecticut, is based in New Haven?
A: NewAlliance', '
Q: What is the name of the New Haven-based business faction of the infamous Skull and Bones Society?
A: Russell Trust Association', '
Q: In what year did the Southern New England Telephone Company, formerly the District Telephone Company of New Haven, establish operations in the area? 
A: 1878', "
Q: New Haven contains one of largest religious service organization in the world, it's name?
A: Knights of Columbus", '
Q: Within the New Haven metropolitan area contain a Fortune 1000 company located in Orange, the name of the company?
A: Hubbell', '
Q: What is the name of the second largest bank found in Connecticut?
A: NewAlliance Bank', '
Q: As one of the oldest telephone companies, the SNET started in what year?
A: 1878', '
Q: In modern day SNET operates as what in New Haven?
A: subsidiary of AT&T']
The U.S. Census Bureau reports a 2010 population of 129,779, with 47,094 households and 25,854 families within the city of New Haven. The population density is 6,859.8 people per square mile (2,648.6/km²). There are 52,941 housing units at an average density of 2,808.5 per square mile (1,084.4/km²). The racial makeup of the city is 42.6% White, 35.4% African American, 0.5% Native American, 4.6% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 12.9% from other races, and 3.9% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino residents of any race were 27.4% of the population. Non-Hispanic Whites were 31.8% of the population in 2010, down from 69.6% in 1970. The city's demography is shifting rapidly: New Haven has always been a city of immigrants and currently the Latino population is growing rapidly. Previous influxes among ethnic groups have been African-Americans in the postwar era, and Irish, Italian and (to a lesser degree) Slavic peoples in the prewar period.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: How many households are located in New Haven according to the 2010 U.S. Census Bureau report?
A: 47,094', "
Q: What percentage of New Haven's population is comprised by individuals identifying as White?
A: 42.6%", "
Q: What percentage of New Haven's population is comprised by individuals identifying as African American?
A: 35.4%", '
Q: What minority sector of the poulation in New Haven is currently experiencing rapid growth?
A: Latino', '
Q: What is the total population of New Haven as reported by the U.S. Census Bureau in 2010?
A: 129,779', '
Q: In terms of population density, what is the average person per square kilometers in New Haven?
A: 2,648.6/km²', '
Q: In regards to it resident, what is the demographic for Native Americans living in the city? 
A: 0.5%', '
Q: New Haven has a large immigrant population, what seems to be one of the main cause of it throughout the last century?
A: postwar', '
Q: In modern times has the population of White/Caucasian increase or decrease since the 70s?
A: down from 69.6% in 1970']
New Haven is a predominantly Roman Catholic city, as the city's Dominican, Irish, Italian, Mexican, Ecuadorian, and Puerto Rican populations are overwhelmingly Catholic. The city is part of the Archdiocese of Hartford. Jews also make up a considerable portion of the population, as do Black Baptists. There is a growing number of (mostly Puerto Rican) Pentecostals as well. There are churches for all major branches of Christianity within the city, multiple store-front churches, ministries (especially in working-class Latino and Black neighborhoods), a mosque, many synagogues (including two yeshivas), and other places of worship; the level of religious diversity in the city is high.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What is the most prominent religion in New Haven?
A: Roman Catholic', '
Q: Under what immediate jurisdiction of the Catholic Church does New Haven fall?
A: Archdiocese of Hartford', '
Q: How many yeshivas are located in New Haven?
A: two', '
Q: With what religious movement do many Puerto Ricans in New Haven associate?
A: Pentecostals', '
Q: In addition to Jews, what other religious community comprises a large share of the non-Catholic population of New Haven?
A: Black Baptists', '
Q: In terms of religious affiliation, what is the most prevalent religion in the city? 
A: Roman Catholic', '
Q: There are several religious group that have seem rise in demographics, one of which is popular among African Americans being?
A: Baptists', '
Q: However Christianity can be found within the city, particularly which neighborhoods?
A: working-class']
New Haven is the birthplace of former president George W. Bush, who was born when his father, former president George H. W. Bush, was living in New Haven while a student at Yale. In addition to being the site of the college educations of both Presidents Bush, as Yale students, New Haven was also the temporary home of former presidents William Howard Taft, Gerald Ford, and Bill Clinton, as well as Secretary of State John Kerry. President Clinton met his wife, former U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton, while the two were students at Yale Law School. Former vice presidents John C. Calhoun and Dick Cheney also studied in New Haven (although the latter did not graduate from Yale). Before the 2008 election, the last time there was not a person with ties to New Haven and Yale on either major party's ticket was 1968. James Hillhouse, a New Haven native, served as President pro tempore of the United States Senate in 1801.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What former U.S. president was born in New Haven?
A: George W. Bush', '
Q: What New Haven institution did former U.S. president Bill Clinton and Hillary Rodham Clinton both attend?
A: Yale Law School', '
Q: What former U.S. vice president graduated from Yale University?
A: John C. Calhoun', '
Q: Prior to 2008, in what year did the last election occur in which neither major party had an individual on the ticket with a connection to New Haven and Yale University?
A: 1968', '
Q: Who was the President pro tempore of the Senate in 1801 that was native to New Haven?
A: James Hillhouse', '
Q: Which former U.S. president have been born in New Haven?
A: George W. Bush', '
Q: Multiple president have studied at this popular college, you can guess the name of the university?
A: Yale', "
Q: Serving in President Obama's cabinet, this man has also studied at Yale, can you guess who?
A: John Kerry", '
Q: Yale University is heavily affiliate with our presidential candidates since what year?
A: 1968']
New Haven was the subject of Who Governs? Democracy and Power in An American City, a very influential book in political science by preeminent Yale professor Robert A. Dahl, which includes an extensive history of the city and thorough description of its politics in the 1950s. New Haven's theocratic history is also mentioned several times by Alexis de Tocqueville in his classic volume on 19th-century American political life, Democracy in America. New Haven was the residence of conservative thinker William F. Buckley, Jr., in 1951, when he wrote his influential God and Man at Yale. William Lee Miller's The Fifteenth Ward and the Great Society (1966) similarly explores the relationship between local politics in New Haven and national political movements, focusing on Lyndon Johnson's Great Society and urban renewal.

Questions and answers:
["
Q: What is the title of the political science book, written by a Yale professor, that explores New Haven politics and history throughout the 1950's?
A: Who Governs? Democracy and Power in An American City", '
Q: Who is the author of "Who Governs? Democracy an Power in An American City"
A: Robert A. Dahl', "
Q: What penultimate work by Alexis de Tocqueville makes mention of New Haven's original theocratic government?
A: Democracy in America", '
Q: To which prominent conservative, that authored God and Man at Yale, did New Haven provide residence in 1951?
A: William F. Buckley, Jr.', '
Q: Who is the author of The Fifteenth Ward and the Great Society?
A: William Lee Miller', '
Q: What is the name of popular book discussing the politics of New Haven published in the 50s?
A: Democracy and Power in An American City', '
Q: What famous french historian mention the city within his book Democracy in America?
A: Alexis de Tocqueville', "
Q: New Haven was the home to author that wrote God and Man at Yale, the writer's name was?
A: William F. Buckley, Jr.", "
Q: What is the name of the book published in 1966 that had focus on the city politics in relations with President Johnson's policies?
A: the Great Society"]
In 1970, the New Haven Black Panther trials took place, the largest and longest trials in Connecticut history. Black Panther Party co-founder Bobby Seale and ten other Party members were tried for murdering an alleged informant. Beginning on May Day, the city became a center of protest for 12,000 Panther supporters, college students, and New Left activists (including Jean Genet, Benjamin Spock, Abbie Hoffman, Jerry Rubin, and John Froines), who amassed on the New Haven Green, across the street from where the trials were being held. Violent confrontations between the demonstrators and the New Haven police occurred, and several bombs were set off in the area by radicals. The event became a rallying point for the New Left and critics of the Nixon Administration.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What New Haven trial is known to be the longest in the history of Connecticut?
A: New Haven Black Panther trials', '
Q: In what year did the New Haven Black Panther trials take place in New Haven?
A: 1970', '
Q: Who was the co-founder of the Black Panthers that was placed on trial in New Haven?
A: Bobby Seale', '
Q: What day marked the beginning of New Haven being overwhelmed by 12,000 individuals protesting the Black Panther trials? 
A: May Day', '
Q: In what central New Haven location did protesters of the Black Panther trials congregate?
A: New Haven Green', '
Q: What political movement group is known in within city among non whites?
A: Black Panther', '
Q: How many attended the trials of the Black Panther in 1970?
A: 12,000', '
Q: The protest of trial result in what specifically?
A: Violent confrontations', '
Q: The protest also initiate the start of criticizing what presidential administration?
A: the Nixon Administration', "
Q: What was the name of one of the party's leader that also happen to be on trial?
A: Bobby Seale"]
In April 2009, the United States Supreme Court agreed to hear a suit over reverse discrimination brought by 20 white and Hispanic firefighters against the city. The suit involved the 2003 promotion test for the New Haven Fire Department. After the tests were scored, no blacks scored high enough to qualify for consideration for promotion, so the city announced that no one would be promoted. On 29 June 2009, the United States Supreme Court ruled in favor of the firefighters, agreeing that they were improperly denied promotion because of their race. The case, Ricci v. DeStefano, became highly publicized and brought national attention to New Haven politics due to the involvement of then-Supreme Court nominee (and Yale Law School graduate) Sonia Sotomayor in a lower court decision.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: In what year did the U.S. Supreme Court agree to hear a lawsuit originally filed by 20 white and Hispanic firefighters seeking relief from the city of New Haven?
A: 2009', '
Q: What was the primary legal issue at the center of the suit filed against New Haven by firefighters?
A: reverse discrimination', '
Q: In what year did the city of New Haven deny all firefighters promotions citing the poor performance of black firefighters on performance tests ?
A: 2003', '
Q: What was the name of the 2009 case in which the U.S. Supreme Court awarded relief to New Haven firefighters against the city of New Haven?
A: Ricci v. DeStefano', '
Q: Which Supreme Court Justice was a graduate of Yale Law School and was currently undergoing the nomination process at the time of the 2009 lawsuit filed by firefighters against the city of New Haven? 
A: Sonia Sotomayor', '
Q: The 2009 Supreme Court Case which had the City of New Haven versus who?
A: 20 white and Hispanic firefighters', '
Q: What was the date of the final ruling?
A: 29 June 2009', '
Q: The actual name for the case was what?
A: Ricci v. DeStefano', '
Q: The court cast was rather popular due to which person on the case?
A: Sonia Sotomayor', '
Q: Upon reaching a verdict the summary statement was that city denied the firefighter a promotion because of what?
A: because of their race']
Garry Trudeau, creator of the political Doonesbury comic strip, attended Yale University. There he met fellow student and later Green Party candidate for Congress Charles Pillsbury, a long-time New Haven resident for whom Trudeau's comic strip is named. During his college years, Pillsbury was known by the nickname "The Doones". A theory of international law, which argues for a sociological normative approach in regards to jurisprudence, is named the New Haven Approach, after the city. Connecticut US senator Richard Blumenthal is a Yale graduate, as is former Connecticut US Senator Joe Lieberman who also was a New Haven resident for many years, before moving back to his hometown of Stamford.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: Who is the famous comic strip author of Doonesbury that attended Yale University in New Haven?
A: Garry Trudeau', '
Q: For which long-time New Haven resident and former Yale student is Doonesbury named?
A: Charles Pillsbury', '
Q: What was the Charles Pillsbury\'s nickname during college?
A: "The Doones"', '
Q: What is the name of the international law theory, grounded in jurisprudence framed by a sociological normative approach?
A: the New Haven Approach', '
Q: What sitting Connecticut U.S. senator graduated from Yale University in New Haven?
A: Richard Blumenthal', '
Q: Which past U.S. senator had lived in New Haven and graduated from Yale?
A: Joe Lieberman', '
Q: The term, the New Haven Approach was what exactly?
A: A theory of international law,', '
Q: What is the name of the Green party member that also studied at Yale?
A: Charles Pillsbury']
However, an analysis by the Regional Data Cooperative for Greater New Haven, Inc., has shown that due to issues of comparative denominators and other factors, such municipality-based rankings can be considered inaccurate. For example, two cities of identical population can cover widely differing land areas, making such analyses irrelevant. The research organization called for comparisons based on neighborhoods, blocks, or standard methodologies (similar to those used by Brookings, DiversityData, and other established institutions), not based on municipalities.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: Analysis by what organization detailed that municipality-based rankings may be inaccurate? 
A: Regional Data Cooperative for Greater New Haven, Inc', '
Q: What constant in two cities can create disparities in analysis by way of distribution over differing land areas?
A: identical population', '
Q: Neighborhoods and blocks, as opposed to municipalities, are both examples of what?
A: standard methodologies', '
Q: What research organization did an city analysis on New Haven?
A: Regional Data Cooperative for Greater New Haven, Inc', '
Q: The organization stated that analysis should be based on comparison of neighborhoods within the city and not what?
A: based on municipalities', '
Q: According to the institution what leads to inaccurate analysis of the city?  
A: cities of identical population']
New Haven is a notable center for higher education. Yale University, at the heart of downtown, is one of the city's best known features and its largest employer. New Haven is also home to Southern Connecticut State University, part of the Connecticut State University System, and Albertus Magnus College, a private institution. Gateway Community College has a campus in downtown New Haven, formerly located in the Long Wharf district; Gateway consolidated into one campus downtown into a new state-of-the-art campus (on the site of the old Macy's building) and was open for the Fall 2012 semester.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What private university is located in downtown New Haven?
A: Yale University', '
Q: What community college is located in downtown New Haven?
A: Gateway Community College', '
Q: What state university is located in New Haven?
A: Southern Connecticut State University', '
Q: What school serves as the largest employer of New Haven?
A: Yale University', '
Q: In what year did Gateway Community College open its newly consolidated downtown campus?
A: 2012', '
Q: Where is Yale University located.
A: heart of downtown', '
Q: What the name of a state university also located in the city?
A: Southern Connecticut State University', '
Q: Before relocating to downtown area, New Haven has a community college that used to be located where?
A: Long Wharf district', "
Q: Other than Yale, New Haven has another private college in the city, it's name?
A: Albertus Magnus College", '
Q: When was the new Gateway Community College open?
A: Fall 2012']
Hopkins School, a private school, was founded in 1660 and is the fifth-oldest educational institution in the United States. New Haven is home to a number of other private schools as well as public magnet schools, including Metropolitan Business Academy, High School in the Community, Hill Regional Career High School, Co-op High School, New Haven Academy, ACES Educational Center for the Arts, the Foote School and the Sound School, all of which draw students from New Haven and suburban towns. New Haven is also home to two Achievement First charter schools, Amistad Academy and Elm City College Prep, and to Common Ground, an environmental charter school.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What private school, with the notable distinction of being the fifth-oldest educational institution in the U.S., was founded in New Haven?
A: Hopkins School', '
Q: In what year was Hopkins School founded in New Haven?
A: 1660', '
Q: What is the name of the environmental charter school located in New Haven?
A: Common Ground', '
Q: What are the names of the two Achievement First charter schools located in New Haven?
A: Amistad Academy and Elm City College Prep', '
Q: What magnet school in New Haven is centered around arts education?
A: ACES Educational Center for the Arts', "
Q: As one of the oldest school which was founded in 1660, what is it's name?
A: Hopkins School", '
Q: In terms of schools how old is it historically compare to others?
A: fifth-oldest', '
Q: How many charters schools are available in New Haven?
A: two']
The city is home to New Haven Promise, a scholarship funded by Yale University for students who meet the requirements. Students must be enrolled in a public high school (charters included) for four years, be a resident of the city during that time, carry a 3.0 cumulative grade-point average, have a 90-percent attendance rate and perform 40 hours of service to the city. The initiative was launched in 2010 and there are currently more than 500 Scholars enrolled in qualifying Connecticut colleges and universities. There are more than 60 cities in the country that have a Promise-type program for their students.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What scholarship is awarded in New Haven by Yale University to public school students meeting specified criteria?
A: New Haven Promise', '
Q: What is the cumulative GPA necessary for a student to be eligible for the New Haven Promise scholarship?
A: 3.0', '
Q: How many hours of community service must a student perform in order to be eligible for the New Haven Promise scholarship?
A: 40 hours', '
Q: What is the minimum attendance rate for a student to be eligible for the New Haven Promise Scholarship?
A: 90-percent', '
Q: In what year was the New Haven Promise scholarship initiated? 
A: 2010', '
Q: What is the name of the scholarship is funded by Yale?
A: New Haven Promise', '
Q: In terms of requirement what sort of service would one needs to fulfilled in order to apply?
A: 40 hours of service to the city.', '
Q: When did the scholar project begin?
A: 2010', '
Q: Currently how many students total have been approve by the program?
A: more than 500 Scholars']