romikgosai/squad_modified huggingface dataset:
Wherever the Magisterial Reformation, which received support from the ruling authorities, took place, the result was a reformed national Protestant church envisioned to be a part of the whole invisible church, but disagreeing, in certain important points of doctrine and doctrine-linked practice, with what had until then been considered the normative reference point on such matters, namely the Papacy and central authority of the Roman Catholic Church. The Reformed churches thus believed in some form of Catholicity, founded on their doctrines of the five solas and a visible ecclesiastical organization based on the 14th and 15th century Conciliar movement, rejecting the papacy and papal infallibility in favor of ecumenical councils, but rejecting the latest ecumenical council, the Council of Trent. Religious unity therefore became not one of doctrine and identity but one of invisible character, wherein the unity was one of faith in Jesus Christ, not common identity, doctrine, belief, and collaborative action.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: Who supported the Magisterial Reformation?
A: the ruling authorities', '
Q: The Reformed churches based their beliefs about ecclesiastical organization on what movement?
A: Conciliar', '
Q: What are the doctrines of the Reformed churches called?
A: the five solas', '
Q: What ecumenical council did the Reformed churches reject?
A: the Council of Trent', '
Q: What type of character became central to religious unity in Reformed churches?
A: invisible']
The ecumenical movement has had an influence on mainline churches, beginning at least in 1910 with the Edinburgh Missionary Conference. Its origins lay in the recognition of the need for cooperation on the mission field in Africa, Asia and Oceania. Since 1948, the World Council of Churches has been influential, but ineffective in creating a united church. There are also ecumenical bodies at regional, national and local levels across the globe; but schisms still far outnumber unifications. One, but not the only expression of the ecumenical movement, has been the move to form united churches, such as the Church of South India, the Church of North India, the US-based United Church of Christ, the United Church of Canada, the Uniting Church in Australia and the United Church of Christ in the Philippines which have rapidly declining memberships. There has been a strong engagement of Orthodox churches in the ecumenical movement, though the reaction of individual Orthodox theologians has ranged from tentative approval of the aim of Christian unity to outright condemnation of the perceived effect of watering down Orthodox doctrine.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What group has been unsuccessful in creating a unified church since 1948?
A: the World Council of Churches', '
Q: What conference was held in 1910?
A: the Edinburgh Missionary Conference', '
Q: What churches have been strongly engaged in the ecumenical movement?
A: Orthodox', '
Q: What have Orthodox churches condemned the perception of?
A: watering down Orthodox doctrine', '
Q: What types of churches have had rapidly declining memberships?
A: united churches']
A Protestant baptism is held to be valid by the Catholic Church if given with the trinitarian formula and with the intent to baptize. However, as the ordination of Protestant ministers is not recognized due to the lack of apostolic succession and the disunity from Catholic Church, all other sacraments (except marriage) performed by Protestant denominations and ministers are not recognized as valid. Therefore, Protestants desiring full communion with the Catholic Church are not re-baptized (although they are confirmed) and Protestant ministers who become Catholics may be ordained to the priesthood after a period of study.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: If done properly, what Protestant practice does the Catholic Church recognize?
A: baptism', '
Q: What is the only other sacrament of the Protestants that the Catholic Church recognizes?
A: marriage', '
Q: Who can become ordained to the Catholic priesthood after a period of study?
A: Protestant ministers who become Catholics', '
Q: Protestants who want full communion with the Catholic Church do not have to be what?
A: re-baptized', '
Q: Why does the Catholic Church not recognize the ordination of Protestant ministers?
A: the lack of apostolic succession and the disunity from Catholic Church']
In 1999, the representatives of Lutheran World Federation and Catholic Church signed the Joint Declaration on the Doctrine of Justification, apparently resolving the conflict over the nature of justification which was at the root of the Protestant Reformation, although Confessional Lutherans reject this statement. This is understandable, since there is no compelling authority within them. On 18 July 2006, delegates to the World Methodist Conference voted unanimously to adopt the Joint Declaration.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What document was signed in 1999?
A: the Joint Declaration on the Doctrine of Justification', '
Q: Who rejects the statement signed in 1999?
A: Confessional Lutherans', '
Q: Who adopted the Joint Declaration in 2006?
A: delegates to the World Methodist Conference', '
Q: The Joint Declaration supposedly resolves the conflict which originally led to what movement?
A: the Protestant Reformation', '
Q: What two groups originally signed the Joint Declaration?
A: Lutheran World Federation and Catholic Church']
There are more than 900 million Protestants worldwide,[ad] among approximately 2.4 billion Christians.[ae] In 2010, a total of more than 800 million included 300 million in Sub-Saharan Africa, 260 million in the Americas, 140 million in Asia-Pacific region, 100 million in Europe and 2 million in Middle East-North Africa. Protestants account for nearly forty percent of Christians worldwide and more than one tenth of the total human population. Various estimates put the percentage of Protestants in relation to the total number of world's Christians at 33%, 36%, 36.7%, and 40%, while in relation to the world's population at 11.6% and 13%.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: How many Protestants are there in the world?
A: more than 900 million', '
Q: What is the total population of Christians in the world?
A: approximately 2.4 billion', "
Q: Approximately how much of the world's population are Protestant (in fractions)?
A: more than one tenth", '
Q: What area only had about 2 million Protestants in 2010?
A: Middle East-North Africa', '
Q: What area had the largest Protestant population in 2010?
A: Sub-Saharan Africa']
In European countries which were most profoundly influenced by the Reformation, Protestantism still remains the most practiced religion. These include the Nordic countries and the United Kingdom. In other historical Protestant strongholds such as Germany, the Netherlands, Switzerland, Latvia, Estonia and Hungary, it remains one of the most popular religions. Although Czech Republic was the site of one of the most significant pre-reformation movements, there are only few Protestant adherents; mainly due to historical reasons like persecution of Protestants by the Catholic Habsburgs, restrictions during the Communist rule, and also the ongoing secularization. Over the last several decades, religious practice has been declining as secularization has increased. According to a 2012 study about Religiosity in the European Union in 2012 by Eurobarometer, Protestants made up 12% of the EU population. According to Pew Research Center, Protestants constituted nearly one fifth (or 17.8%) of the continent's Christian population in 2010. Clarke and Beyer estimate that Protestants constituted 15% of all Europeans in 2009, while Noll claims that less than 12% of them lived in Europe in 2010.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: In what European areas is Protestantism still the most practiced religion?
A: the Nordic countries and the United Kingdom', '
Q: In 2012, what percentage of the EU was thought to be Protestant?
A: 12%', '
Q: In what countries is Protestantism one of the most popular (but not THE most popular) religions?
A: Germany, the Netherlands, Switzerland, Latvia, Estonia and Hungary', "
Q: The Pew Research Center estimated Protestants to be what percentage of Europe's Christian population in 2010?
A: 17.8%", '
Q: What area was once the site of a significant pre-reformation movement, but now only has a small number of Protestants?
A: Czech Republic']
Changes in worldwide Protestantism over the last century have been significant. Since 1900, Protestantism has spread rapidly in Africa, Asia, Oceania and Latin America. That caused Protestantism to be called a primarily non-Western religion. Much of the growth has occurred after World War II, when decolonization of Africa and abolition of various restrictions against Protestants in Latin American countries occurred. According to one source, Protestants constituted respectively 2.5%, 2%, 0.5% of Latin Americans, Africans and Asians. In 2000, percentage of Protestants on mentioned continents was 17%, more than 27% and 5.5%, respectively. According to Mark A. Noll, 79% of Anglicans lived in the United Kingdom in 1910, while most of the remainder was found in the United States and across the British Commonwealth. By 2010, 59% of Anglicans were found in Africa. In 2010, more Protestants lived in India than in the UK or Germany, while Protestants in Brazil accounted for as many people as Protestants in the UK and Germany combined. Almost as many lived in each of Nigeria and China as in all of Europe. China is home to world's largest Protestant minority.[af]

Questions and answers:
["
Q: Where has Protestantism spread quickly since the 1900's?
A: Africa, Asia, Oceania and Latin America", '
Q: When did much of the spread of Protestantism occur in the 20th century?
A: after World War II', '
Q: In 2010, what percentage of Anglicans were said to be in Africa?
A: 59%', '
Q: What percentage of Anglicans were in the UK in 1910?
A: 79%', '
Q: In 2010, what country had more Protestants than both the UK and Germany together?
A: Brazil']
Brasília (Portuguese pronunciation: [bɾaˈziljɐ]) is the federal capital of Brazil and seat of government of the Federal District. The city is located atop the Brazilian highlands in the country's center-western region. It was founded on April 21, 1960, to serve as the new national capital. Brasília and its metro (encompassing the whole of the Federal District) had a population of 2,556,149 in 2011, making it the 4th most populous city in Brazil. Among major Latin American cities, Brasília has the highest GDP per capita at R$61,915 (US$36,175).

Questions and answers:
["
Q: What is Brazil's capital?
A: Brasília", '
Q: What region of Brazil is Brasilia in?
A: center-western', "
Q: What is Brasilia's GDP per capita in US dollars?
A: US$36,175", '
Q: When was Brasilia founded?
A: April 21, 1960', "
Q: What is the population of Brasilia's metro area?
A: 2,556,149"]
The city has a unique status in Brazil, as it is an administrative division rather than a legal municipality like other cities in Brazil. The name 'Brasília' is commonly used as a synonym for the Federal District through synecdoche; However, the Federal District is composed of 31 administrative regions, only one of which is Brasília proper, with a population of 209,926 in a 2011 survey; Demographic publications generally do not make this distinction and list the population of Brasília as synonymous with the population of the Federal District, considering the whole of it as its metropolitan area. The city was one of the main host cities of the 2014 FIFA World Cup. Additionally, Brasília hosted the 2013 FIFA Confederations Cup.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: How many administrative regions does the Federal District have?
A: 31', "
Q: What is Brasilia's proper city population?
A: 209,926", "
Q: What does Brasilia's metro area consist of?
A: the Federal District", '
Q: Which World Cup did Brasilia host?
A: 2014', '
Q: Which Confederations Cup did Brasilia host?
A: 2013']
Juscelino Kubitschek, President of Brazil from 1956 to 1961, ordered the construction of Brasília, fulfilling the promise of the Constitution and his own political campaign promise. Building Brasília was part of Juscelino's "fifty years of prosperity in five" plan. Lúcio Costa won a contest and was the main urban planner in 1957, with 5550 people competing. Oscar Niemeyer, a close friend, was the chief architect of most public buildings and Roberto Burle Marx was the landscape designer. Brasília was built in 41 months, from 1956 to April 21, 1960, when it was officially inaugurated.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: When did Kubitschek become President of Brazil?
A: 1956', '
Q: When did Kubitschek leave office?
A: 1961', '
Q: Who ordered Brasilia be built?
A: Juscelino Kubitschek', "
Q: How many people competed to be Brasilia's urban planner?
A: 5550", '
Q: When was Brasilia inaugurated?
A: April 21, 1960']
Until the 1980s, the governor of the Federal District was appointed by the Federal Government, and the laws of Brasília were issued by the Brazilian Federal Senate. With the Constitution of 1988 Brasília gained the right to elect its Governor, and a District Assembly (Câmara Legislativa) was elected to exercise legislative power. The Federal District does not have a Judicial Power of its own. The Judicial Power which serves the Federal District also serves federal territories. Currently, Brazil does not have any territories, therefore, for now the courts serve only cases from the Federal District.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: When did Brazil pass a new Constitution?
A: 1988', '
Q: What rights did Brasilia gain in 1988?
A: to elect its Governor, and a District Assembly', "
Q: What is Brasilia's District Assembly called?
A: Câmara Legislativa"]
Brasília has a tropical savanna climate (Aw) according to the Köppen system, with two distinct seasons: the rainy season, from October to April, and a dry season, from May to September. The average temperature is 20.6 °C (69.1 °F). September, at the end of the dry season, has the highest average maximum temperature, 28.3 °C (82.9 °F), has major and minor lower maximum average temperature, of 25.1 °C (77.2 °F) and 12.9 °C (55.2 °F), respectively. Average temperatures from September through March are a consistent 22 °C (72 °F). With 247.4 mm (9.7 in), January is the month with the highest rainfall of the year, while June is the lowest, with only 8.7 mm (0.3 in).

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What climate type does Brasilia have?
A: tropical savanna climate (Aw)', "
Q: When is Brasilia's rainy season?
A: October to April", "
Q: When is Brasilia's dry season?
A: May to September", '
Q: What is the average maximum temperature in Brasilia in September?
A: 28.3 °C (82.9 °F)', '
Q: Which month does Brasilia have the highest rainfall?
A: January']
The Portuguese language is the official national language and the primary language taught in schools. English and Spanish are also part of the official curriculum. The city has six international schools: American School of Brasília, Brasília International School (BIS), Escola das Nações, Swiss International School (SIS), Lycée français François-Mitterrand (LfFM) and Maple Bear Canadian School. August 2016 will see the opening of a new international school - The British School of Brasilia. Brasília has two universities, three university centers, and many private colleges.

Questions and answers:
["
Q: What is Brazil's official language?
A: Portuguese", "
Q: What languages besides Portuguese are taught in Brasilia's schools?
A: English and Spanish", '
Q: How many international schools are in Brasilia?
A: six', '
Q: When will a new international school open in Brasilia?
A: August 2016', '
Q: What nationality will the new international school in Brasilia be?
A: British']
The Cathedral of Brasília in the capital of the Federative Republic of Brazil, is an expression of the architect Oscar Niemeyer. This concrete-framed hyperboloid structure, seems with its glass roof reaching up, open, to the heavens. On 31 May 1970, the Cathedral’s structure was finished, and only the 70 m (229.66 ft) diameter of the circular area were visible. Niemeyer's project of Cathedral of Brasília is based in the hyperboloid of revolution which sections are asymmetric. The hyperboloid structure itself is a result of 16 identical assembled concrete columns. These columns, having hyperbolic section and weighing 90 t, represent two hands moving upwards to heaven. The Cathedral was dedicated on 31 May 1970.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: Who designed the Cathedral of Brasília?
A: Oscar Niemeyer', '
Q: What type of structure is the Cathedral of Brasília?
A: concrete-framed hyperboloid', '
Q: When was the Cathedral of Brasília dedicated?
A: 31 May 1970', '
Q: How many identical columns are used in the Cathedral of Brasília?
A: 16', "
Q: How much do the Cathedral of Brasília's columns weigh?
A: 90 t"]
A series of low-lying annexes (largely hidden) flank both ends. Also in the square are the glass-faced Planalto Palace housing the presidential offices, and the Palace of the Supreme Court. Farther east, on a triangle of land jutting into the lake, is the Palace of the Dawn (Palácio da Alvorada; the presidential residence). Between the federal and civic buildings on the Monumental Axis is the city's cathedral, considered by many to be Niemeyer's finest achievement (see photographs of the interior). The parabolically shaped structure is characterized by its 16 gracefully curving supports, which join in a circle 115 feet (35 meters) above the floor of the nave; stretched between the supports are translucent walls of tinted glass. The nave is entered via a subterranean passage rather than conventional doorways. Other notable buildings are Buriti Palace, Itamaraty Palace, the National Theater, and several foreign embassies that creatively embody features of their national architecture. The Brazilian landscape architect Roberto Burle Marx designed landmark modernist gardens for some of the principal buildings.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What is in the Planalto Palace?
A: presidential offices', "
Q: Where does Brazil's president live, in Portuguese?
A: Palácio da Alvorada", "
Q: What does 'Palácio da Alvorada' mean?
A: Palace of the Dawn", "
Q: Who designed gardens for some of Brasilia's major buildings?
A: Roberto Burle Marx", '
Q: What style of gardens did Marx design?
A: modernist']
Both low-cost and luxury housing were built by the government in the Brasília. The residential zones of the inner city are arranged into superquadras ("superblocks"): groups of apartment buildings along with a prescribed number and type of schools, retail stores, and open spaces. At the northern end of Lake Paranoá, separated from the inner city, is a peninsula with many fashionable homes, and a similar city exists on the southern lakeshore. Originally the city planners envisioned extensive public areas along the shores of the artificial lake, but during early development private clubs, hotels, and upscale residences and restaurants gained footholds around the water. Set well apart from the city are satellite cities, including Gama, Ceilândia, Taguatinga, Núcleo Bandeirante, Sobradinho, and Planaltina. These cities, with the exception of Gama and Sobradinho were not planned.

Questions and answers:
["
Q: What are 'superquadras' or superblocks?
A: groups of apartment buildings along with a prescribed number and type of schools, retail stores, and open spaces", '
Q: Where is there a peninsula with luxury homes?
A: the northern end of Lake Paranoá', '
Q: What did the planners want to have around Lake Paranoa?
A: extensive public areas', "
Q: What took over Lake Paranoa's shores contrary to the plan?
A: private clubs, hotels, and upscale residences and restaurants", '
Q: What mostly-unplanned cities are around Brasilia?
A: Gama, Ceilândia, Taguatinga, Núcleo Bandeirante, Sobradinho, and Planaltina']
After a visit to Brasília, the French writer Simone de Beauvoir complained that all of its superquadras exuded "the same air of elegant monotony," and other observers have equated the city's large open lawns, plazas, and fields to wastelands. As the city has matured, some of these have gained adornments, and many have been improved by landscaping, giving some observers a sense of "humanized" spaciousness. Although not fully accomplished, the "Brasília utopia" has produced a city of relatively high quality of life, in which the citizens live in forested areas with sporting and leisure structure (the superquadras) flanked by small commercial areas, bookstores and cafes; the city is famous for its cuisine and efficiency of transit.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: Who complained that Brasilia was monotonous?
A: Simone de Beauvoir', '
Q: What nationality was de Beauvoir?
A: French', "
Q: What was de Beauvoir's career?
A: writer", '
Q: What is Brasilia famous for?
A: its cuisine and efficiency of transit']
The major roles of construction and of services (government, communications, banking and finance, food production, entertainment, and legal services) in Brasília's economy reflect the city's status as a governmental rather than an industrial center. Industries connected with construction, food processing, and furnishings are important, as are those associated with publishing, printing, and computer software. GDP is divided in Public Administration 54.8%, Services 28.7%, Industry 10.2%, Commerce 6.1%, Agribusiness 0.2%.

Questions and answers:
["
Q: What services are central to Brasilia's economy?
A: government, communications, banking and finance, food production, entertainment, and legal services", "
Q: What is Brasilia's most important non-service industry?
A: construction", "
Q: How much of Brasilia's GDP is from Public Administration?
A: 54.8%", "
Q: How much of Brasilia's GDP is from Services?
A: 28.7%", "
Q: How much of Brasilia's GDP is from Agribusiness?
A: 0.2%"]
Besides being the political center, Brasília is an important economic center. Brasília has the highest city gross domestic product (GDP) of 99.5 billion reais representing 3.76% of the total Brazilian GDP. The main economic activity of the federal capital results from its administrative function. Its industrial planning is studied carefully by the Government of the Federal District. Being a city registered by UNESCO, the government in Brasília has opted to encourage the development of non-polluting industries such as software, film, video, and gemology among others, with emphasis on environmental preservation and maintaining ecological balance, preserving the city property.

Questions and answers:
["
Q: What is Brasilia's GDP?
A: 99.5 billion reais", "
Q: How much of Brazil's GDP comes from Brasilia?
A: 3.76%", '
Q: What industries is Brasilia trying to encourage?
A: software, film, video, and gemology']
The city's planned design included specific areas for almost everything, including accommodation, Hotels Sectors North and South. New hotel facilities are being developed elsewhere, such as the hotels and tourism Sector North, located on the shores of Lake Paranoá. Brasília has a range of tourist accommodation from inns, pensions and hostels to larger international chain hotels. The city's restaurants cater to a wide range of foods from local and regional Brazilian dishes to international cuisine.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: Where did Brasilia place hotels?
A: Hotels Sectors North and South', '
Q: What kinds of restaurants does Brasilia have?
A: from local and regional Brazilian dishes to international cuisine', '
Q: What kinds of hotels does Brasilia have?
A: from inns, pensions and hostels to larger international chain hotels', '
Q: What lake has some hotels around it?
A: Lake Paranoá']