romikgosai/squad_modified huggingface dataset:
In 1887, the British Empire celebrated Victoria's Golden Jubilee. Victoria marked the fiftieth anniversary of her accession on 20 June with a banquet to which 50 kings and princes were invited. The following day, she participated in a procession and attended a thanksgiving service in Westminster Abbey. By this time, Victoria was once again extremely popular. Two days later on 23 June, she engaged two Indian Muslims as waiters, one of whom was Abdul Karim. He was soon promoted to "Munshi": teaching her Hindustani, and acting as a clerk. Her family and retainers were appalled, and accused Abdul Karim of spying for the Muslim Patriotic League, and biasing the Queen against the Hindus. Equerry Frederick Ponsonby (the son of Sir Henry) discovered that the Munshi had lied about his parentage, and reported to Lord Elgin, Viceroy of India, "the Munshi occupies very much the same position as John Brown used to do." Victoria dismissed their complaints as racial prejudice. Abdul Karim remained in her service until he returned to India with a pension on her death.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: How many kings and princes were invited to the Golden Jubilee?
A: 50', '
Q: What year anniversary does the Golden Jubilee celebrate?
A: fiftieth anniversary', '
Q: Who accused Karim of spying?
A: Her family and retainers', '
Q: What was Munshi lying about?
A: his parentage', "
Q: What year was Victoria's Golden Jubilee held?
A: 1887", '
Q: Who did Ponsonby report the Munshis lies about his parentage to?
A: Lord Elgin, Viceroy of India', '
Q: What was the name of the waited that was promoted to Munshi?
A: Abdul Karim', "
Q: Whio was Equerry Frederick Ponsonby's father?
A: Sir Henry", "
Q: Who discovered that Victoria's new Munshi lied about his parentage?
A: Equerry Frederick Ponsonby", "
Q: When was Queen Victoria's Golden Jubilee? 
A: 1887", '
Q: What was Abdul Karim teaching Queen Victoria after his promotion? 
A: Hindustani', "
Q: Who was Karim accused of spying for by Victoria's family? 
A: Muslim Patriotic League", '
Q: Who discovered that Karim had lied about his parentage to Victoria? 
A: Equerry Frederick Ponsonby', '
Q: What day did Queen Victoria celebrate her Golden Jubilee at a dinner with kings and queens from other nations? 
A: 20 June', "
Q: When was Victoria's Golden Jubilee?
A: 1887", '
Q: What is the point of the Golden Jubilee?
A: the fiftieth anniversary of her accession', '
Q: Who was promoted from waiter to Munshi?
A: Abdul Karim', "
Q: Why did Victoria's family disapprove of Abdul Karim?
A: spying for the Muslim Patriotic League, and biasing the Queen against the Hindus", "
Q: How long was Karim in the Queen's employment?
A: until he returned to India with a pension on her death"]
Victoria visited mainland Europe regularly for holidays. In 1889, during a stay in Biarritz, she became the first reigning monarch from Britain to set foot in Spain when she crossed the border for a brief visit. By April 1900, the Boer War was so unpopular in mainland Europe that her annual trip to France seemed inadvisable. Instead, the Queen went to Ireland for the first time since 1861, in part to acknowledge the contribution of Irish regiments to the South African war. In July, her second son Alfred ("Affie") died; "Oh, God! My poor darling Affie gone too", she wrote in her journal. "It is a horrible year, nothing but sadness & horrors of one kind & another."

Questions and answers:
['
Q: Who was the first reigning monarch from Britain to set foot in Spain?
A: Victoria', '
Q: What year did Queen Victoria first set foot in Spain?
A: 1889', '
Q: What year did Victoria stop her annual visits to Spain due to the Boer war?
A: 1900', '
Q: Where did Victoria visit instead of Spain during the Boer war?
A: Ireland', "
Q: What year did Victoria's second son Alfred die?
A: 1900", '
Q: Where did Victoria stay in Spain in 1889? 
A: Biarritz', '
Q: What war prevented Queen Victoria from taking her annual trip to France in 1900?
A: Boer War', '
Q: What country did Victoria visit instead of France during the Boer War? 
A: Ireland', "
Q: Which of Queen Victoria's children died in July of that year? 
A: her second son Alfred", '
Q: Where did Victoria often go for holiday?
A: mainland Europe', '
Q: In 1889, what was Victoria the first reining monarch from Britian to do?
A: set foot in Spain', '
Q: Why did Victoria visit Ireland in 1861?
A: acknowledge the contribution of Irish regiments to the South African war', '
Q: Why was Victoria advised not to visit France in April of 1900?
A: the Boer War', '
Q: What tragedy did Victoria face in July of 1900?
A: her second son Alfred ("Affie") died']
Victoria was physically unprepossessing—she was stout, dowdy and no more than five feet tall—but she succeeded in projecting a grand image. She experienced unpopularity during the first years of her widowhood, but was well liked during the 1880s and 1890s, when she embodied the empire as a benevolent matriarchal figure. Only after the release of her diary and letters did the extent of her political influence become known to the wider public. Biographies of Victoria written before much of the primary material became available, such as Lytton Strachey's Queen Victoria of 1921, are now considered out of date. The biographies written by Elizabeth Longford and Cecil Woodham-Smith, in 1964 and 1972 respectively, are still widely admired. They, and others, conclude that as a person Victoria was emotional, obstinate, honest, and straight-talking.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: How tall was Queen Victoria?
A: no more than five feet tall', '
Q: The extent of Victorias political influence became well known after the publishing of what?
A: her diary and letters', '
Q: What year did Elizabeth Longford write a biography of Victoria?
A: 1964', '
Q: What year did Cecil Woodham Smith writ Victorias biography?
A: 1972', '
Q: How tall was Queen Victoria? 
A: five feet', '
Q: Who wrote the biography about Queen Victoria that is now considered to be out of date? 
A: Lytton Strachey', '
Q: What woman wrote a biography of Queen Victoria in 1964?
A: Elizabeth Longford', '
Q: When did Celcil Woodham-Smith also write a well recieved biography about Victoria? 
A: 1972', '
Q: What was Victoria like, physically?
A: stout, dowdy and no more than five feet tall', '
Q: When did people really start to understand the political mind of Queen Victoria?
A: after the release of her diary and letters', '
Q: Who were two good biographers of Queen Victoria?
A: Elizabeth Longford and Cecil Woodham-Smith', '
Q: When were the best biographies of Queen Victoria written?
A: 1964 and 1972', '
Q: What kind of person was Victoria?
A: emotional, obstinate, honest, and straight-talking']
In 1830, the Duchess of Kent and Conroy took Victoria across the centre of England to visit the Malvern Hills, stopping at towns and great country houses along the way. Similar journeys to other parts of England and Wales were taken in 1832, 1833, 1834 and 1835. To the King's annoyance, Victoria was enthusiastically welcomed in each of the stops. William compared the journeys to royal progresses and was concerned that they portrayed Victoria as his rival rather than his heiress presumptive. Victoria disliked the trips; the constant round of public appearances made her tired and ill, and there was little time for her to rest. She objected on the grounds of the King's disapproval, but her mother dismissed his complaints as motivated by jealousy, and forced Victoria to continue the tours. At Ramsgate in October 1835, Victoria contracted a severe fever, which Conroy initially dismissed as a childish pretence. While Victoria was ill, Conroy and the Duchess unsuccessfully badgered her to make Conroy her private secretary. As a teenager, Victoria resisted persistent attempts by her mother and Conroy to appoint him to her staff. Once queen, she banned him from her presence, but he remained in her mother's household.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: In 1830, what part of England did Victoria travel to with Dutchess of Kent and Conroy?
A: the centre of England', '
Q: What town did Victoria visit in the center of England on her trip with the Dutchess of kent and Conroy?
A: Malvern Hills', '
Q: What years were journeys similar to the Queen trip to Melvern Hills made?
A: 1832, 1833, 1834 and 1835', '
Q: Willam was concerned that Victoria would was being portrayed as what because of her trips to central England?
A: his rival', '
Q: Who was annoyed that Victoria was welcomed at each of her visits to central England?
A: William', '
Q: Who was annoyed at how well recieved Victoria was on her tours of the countryside of England and Wales? 
A: William', '
Q: Where did Victoria become seriously ill during one of her trips? 
A: Ramsgate', '
Q: Who did Victoria dislike so much she banned him from her presence once she became Queen? 
A: Conroy', '
Q: What position did Conroy try and fail to get Victoria to appoint him to during her illness and later? 
A: private secretary', '
Q: Who took Victoria on a trip to Malvern Hills in 1830?
A: the Duchess of Kent and Conroy', '
Q: Who was Victoria convinced to make her secretery when she was very ill?
A: Conroy', '
Q: How did Victoria feel about all of the trips?
A: disliked', '
Q: What annoyed the King about the way Victoria was received at her stops?
A: enthusiastically welcomed in each', '
Q: Why did the King dislike Victoria taking the trips?
A: concerned that they portrayed Victoria as his rival', '
Q: When she was made Queen, what did Victoria do about Conroy?
A: banned him from her presence']
At the time of her accession, the government was led by the Whig prime minister Lord Melbourne, who at once became a powerful influence on the politically inexperienced Queen, who relied on him for advice. Charles Greville supposed that the widowed and childless Melbourne was "passionately fond of her as he might be of his daughter if he had one", and Victoria probably saw him as a father figure. Her coronation took place on 28 June 1838 at Westminster Abbey. Over 400,000 visitors came to London for the celebrations. She became the first sovereign to take up residence at Buckingham Palace and inherited the revenues of the duchies of Lancaster and Cornwall as well as being granted a civil list allowance of £385,000 per year. Financially prudent, she paid off her father's debts.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: Who was in charge of the Governemnt at the time of Victorias ascession?
A: Lord Melbourne', '
Q: What was the name of the Whig Prime minister at the time of Victorias ascession?
A: Lord Melbourne', '
Q: When was Queen Victorias coronation held?
A: 28 June 1838', '
Q: Where was Victorias coronation held?
A: Westminster Abbey', '
Q: How many visitors came to London for Victorias coronation?
A: Over 400,000', "
Q: When did Victoria's coronation take place at Westminster Abbey?
A: 28 June 1838", '
Q: Who thought that Melbourne saw Victoria as if she was his daughter? 
A: Charles Greville', '
Q: How many people visited London for the Coronation of Queen Victoria? 
A: 400,000', "
Q: What was Victoria's allowance upon becoming Queen? 
A: £385,000 per year", "
Q: What Whig was prime minister during Victoria's accession? 
A: Lord Melbourne", "
Q: Who was leading the government at the time of Victoria's accension?
A: Whig prime minister Lord Melbourne", '
Q: What kind of influence was Melbourne to Victoria?
A: powerful', "
Q: When was Victoria's coronation?
A: 28 June 1838", "
Q: What major accomplishment did Victoria achieve with her civil list allowance?
A: she paid off her father's debts", '
Q: Where did Queen Victoria reside?
A: Buckingham Palace']
In 1845, Ireland was hit by a potato blight. In the next four years over a million Irish people died and another million emigrated in what became known as the Great Famine. In Ireland, Victoria was labelled "The Famine Queen". She personally donated £2,000 to famine relief, more than any other individual donor, and also supported the Maynooth Grant to a Roman Catholic seminary in Ireland, despite Protestant opposition. The story that she donated only £5 in aid to the Irish, and on the same day gave the same amount to Battersea Dogs Home, was a myth generated towards the end of the 19th century.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What year was the potato blight in Ireland?
A: 1845', '
Q: How much money did Victoria donate to famine relief?
A: £2,000', '
Q: How long did the Great Famine last?
A: four years', '
Q: How many Irish people died during the Great Famine?
A: over a million', '
Q: What was the label given to Queen Victoria during the Great Famine?
A: The Famine Queen', '
Q: What crisis struck Ireland during 1845?
A: potato blight', '
Q: How many people died during the Great Famine in Ireland?
A: over a million', '
Q: What was Queen Victoria called in Ireland during the Great Famine? 
A: The Famine Queen', '
Q: What story was later proven false about Victoria during the Great Famine? 
A: that she donated only £5 in aid to the Irish, and on the same day gave the same amount to Battersea Dogs Home', '
Q: How much did Queen Victoria actually donate to support relief in Ireland, making her the top individual donor? 
A: £2,000', '
Q: What happened that decimated a large portion of Ireland?
A: potato blight', '
Q: When did the potato blight begin?
A: 1845', '
Q: How many people did Ireland lose to the potato blight?
A: a million', '
Q: What did the potato blight cause Victoria to be called?
A: The Famine Queen', '
Q: How much did Victoria donate to Ireland to help with famine relief?
A: £2,000']
Victoria's self-imposed isolation from the public diminished the popularity of the monarchy, and encouraged the growth of the republican movement. She did undertake her official government duties, yet chose to remain secluded in her royal residences—Windsor Castle, Osborne House, and the private estate in Scotland that she and Albert had acquired in 1847, Balmoral Castle. In March 1864, a protester stuck a notice on the railings of Buckingham Palace that announced "these commanding premises to be let or sold in consequence of the late occupant's declining business". Her uncle Leopold wrote to her advising her to appear in public. She agreed to visit the gardens of the Royal Horticultural Society at Kensington and take a drive through London in an open carriage.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: When Victoria isolated herself from the public, what movement began to grow?
A: the republican movement', '
Q: Where did Victoria isolate herself?
A: in her royal residences', '
Q: What was the name of the private Estate in Scotland that Albert and Victoria purchased?
A: Balmoral Castle', '
Q: What year did the Queen and Albert purchase Balmoral Castle?
A: 1847', '
Q: What year did a protester attach a note to the door at Buckingham Palace saying it was to be sold?
A: 1864', '
Q: What private estate did Victoria aquire with Albert in 1847?
A: Balmoral Castle', "
Q: Where did a protector put a notice because of Queen Victoria's lack of public appearances in March of 1864?
A: Buckingham Palace", '
Q: Where did Victoria visit after Leopold advised her to make more public appearances? 
A: the gardens of the Royal Horticultural Society at Kensington', '
Q: What movement gained popularity due to the lack of Victoria appearing in public? 
A: republican movement', "
Q: What was a major reason Victoria's monarchy was not as popular as some others?
A: self-imposed isolation from the public", "
Q: What did Victoria's isolation give way to?
A: the growth of the republican movement", '
Q: Who advised Vicotria to begin appaering in public?
A: Her uncle Leopold', '
Q: Where did Victoria visit to become more in the public view?
A: Royal Horticultural Society at Kensington', '
Q: What else did Victoria do to try to return her former public image?
A: take a drive through London in an open carriage']
After the Indian Rebellion of 1857, the British East India Company, which had ruled much of India, was dissolved, and Britain's possessions and protectorates on the Indian subcontinent were formally incorporated into the British Empire. The Queen had a relatively balanced view of the conflict, and condemned atrocities on both sides. She wrote of "her feelings of horror and regret at the result of this bloody civil war", and insisted, urged on by Albert, that an official proclamation announcing the transfer of power from the company to the state "should breathe feelings of generosity, benevolence and religious toleration". At her behest, a reference threatening the "undermining of native religions and customs" was replaced by a passage guaranteeing religious freedom.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What year was the Indian Rebellion?
A: 1857', '
Q: What company was dissolved after the Indian Rebellion?
A: British East India Company', '
Q: What company ruled much of India before the end of the Indian Rebellion?
A: British East India Company', '
Q: Who did the Queen condemn in the Indian Rebellion?
A: both sides', '
Q: What ruler was dissolved after the Indian Rebellion in 1857?
A: British East India Company', '
Q: Who encouraged Victoria to issue an official statement on the conflict of the civil war in India? 
A: Albert', '
Q: What happened to the British possesions after the Rebellion of 1857? 
A: were formally incorporated into the British Empire', '
Q: What statement was replaced in her proclamation about the civil war? 
A: a reference threatening the "undermining of native religions and customs"', '
Q: Before 1857, who controlled most of India?
A: British East India Company', '
Q: What caused the British East India Company to lose control of India?
A: the Indian Rebellion of 1857', '
Q: What happened to the assets of the British East India Company after it was removed from power?
A: formally incorporated into the British Empire', '
Q: How did the Queen view the Indian Rebellion?
A: relatively balanced view of the conflict, and condemned atrocities on both sides', '
Q: What did Victoria believe that an official proclamation transferring control from the company to the monarchy would do?
A: "should breathe feelings of generosity, benevolence and religious toleration"']
On 17 March 1883, she fell down some stairs at Windsor, which left her lame until July; she never fully recovered and was plagued with rheumatism thereafter. Brown died 10 days after her accident, and to the consternation of her private secretary, Sir Henry Ponsonby, Victoria began work on a eulogistic biography of Brown. Ponsonby and Randall Davidson, Dean of Windsor, who had both seen early drafts, advised Victoria against publication, on the grounds that it would stoke the rumours of a love affair. The manuscript was destroyed. In early 1884, Victoria did publish More Leaves from a Journal of a Life in the Highlands, a sequel to her earlier book, which she dedicated to her "devoted personal attendant and faithful friend John Brown". On the day after the first anniversary of Brown's death, Victoria was informed by telegram that her youngest son, Leopold, had died in Cannes. He was "the dearest of my dear sons", she lamented. The following month, Victoria's youngest child, Beatrice, met and fell in love with Prince Henry of Battenberg at the wedding of Victoria's granddaughter Princess Victoria of Hesse and by Rhine to Henry's brother Prince Louis of Battenberg. Beatrice and Henry planned to marry, but Victoria opposed the match at first, wishing to keep Beatrice at home to act as her companion. After a year, she was won around to the marriage by Henry and Beatrice's promise to remain living with and attending her.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What year did Victoria fall down the stairs at Windsor?
A: 1883', '
Q: After her fall down the stairs, what health issue was Victoria plaged with thereafter?
A: rheumatism thereafter', '
Q: Who died 10 days after Victorias fall down the stairs?
A: Brown', '
Q: How was Victoria notified of her youngest son leopolds death?
A: by telegram', '
Q: Who was Victorias private secretary during the years following her accident at Windsor?
A: Sir Henry Ponsonby', '
Q: When was Queen Victoria get injured after taking a fall down some stairs? 
A: 17 March 1883', '
Q: Who did Queen Victoria write a biography about that was never published? 
A: John Brown', "
Q: Where did Victoria's youngest son, Leopold die? 
A: Cannes", "
Q: Victoria initially opposed Beatrice's marriage to what man? 
A: Prince Henry of Battenberg", "
Q: Where did Beatrice meet and fall in love with Prince Henry? 
A: at the wedding of Victoria's granddaughter Princess Victoria of Hesse", "
Q: What caused Victoria's rheumatism?
A: she fell down some stairs at Windsor", "
Q: Who died 10 days after Victoria's accident?
A: Brown", "
Q: What did Victoria begin working on after Brown's death?
A: a eulogistic biography", '
Q: Who was opposed to Victoria writing a biography of Brown?
A: Sir Henry Ponsonby', "
Q: What happened in Victoria's life on the day after the one year anniversary of Brown's death?
A: her youngest son, Leopold, had died in Cannes"]
Victoria's youngest son, Leopold, was affected by the blood-clotting disease haemophilia B and two of her five daughters, Alice and Beatrice, were carriers. Royal haemophiliacs descended from Victoria included her great-grandsons, Tsarevich Alexei of Russia, Alfonso, Prince of Asturias, and Infante Gonzalo of Spain. The presence of the disease in Victoria's descendants, but not in her ancestors, led to modern speculation that her true father was not the Duke of Kent but a haemophiliac. There is no documentary evidence of a haemophiliac in connection with Victoria's mother, and as male carriers always suffer the disease, even if such a man had existed he would have been seriously ill. It is more likely that the mutation arose spontaneously because Victoria's father was over 50 at the time of her conception and haemophilia arises more frequently in the children of older fathers. Spontaneous mutations account for about a third of cases.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What blood clotting disease did Victorias youngest son have?
A: haemophilia B', '
Q: How many of Victorias daughters were carriers of the blood clotting disease that Leopold had?
A: two', '
Q: It was believed that Victorias true father was a hemophiliac and not who?
A: the Duke of Kent', '
Q: What is the sex of carriers that always suffer the blood clotting disease haemophi;ia B?
A: male', '
Q: How old was Victorias father at the time of her conception?
A: over 50', "
Q: What disease did Victoria's youngest son have? 
A: the blood-clotting disease haemophilia B", "
Q: Which two of Victoria's daughters also were carriers for the blood clotting disorder? 
A: Alice and Beatrice", "
Q: Who was Queen Victoria's father rumored to be instead of the Duke of Kent?
A: a haemophiliac", "
Q: What disease affected Leopold and was carried by two of Victoria's daughters?
A: haemophilia B", '
Q: Which Royal haemophiliacs are said to have descended from Victoria?
A: Tsarevich Alexei of Russia, Alfonso, Prince of Asturias, and Infante Gonzalo of Spain', "
Q: Which of Victoria's daughters were carriers of haemophilia?
A: Alice and Beatrice", '
Q: What is a big factor on whether or not an offspring will spontaneously develop haemophilia?
A: older fathers', '
Q: In how many births do spontaneous cases of haemophilia arise?
A: about a third of cases']