romikgosai/squad_modified huggingface dataset:
New York's airspace is the busiest in the United States and one of the world's busiest air transportation corridors. The three busiest airports in the New York metropolitan area include John F. Kennedy International Airport, Newark Liberty International Airport, and LaGuardia Airport; 109 million travelers used these three airports in 2012, and the city's airspace is the busiest in the nation. JFK and Newark Liberty were the busiest and fourth busiest U.S. gateways for international air passengers, respectively, in 2012; as of 2011, JFK was the busiest airport for international passengers in North America. Plans have advanced to expand passenger volume at a fourth airport, Stewart International Airport near Newburgh, New York, by the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey. Plans were announced in July 2015 to entirely rebuild LaGuardia Airport in a multibillion-dollar project to replace its aging facilities.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: The three airports that have the most people come through them in NYC are which?
A: John F. Kennedy International Airport, Newark Liberty International Airport, and LaGuardia Airport', '
Q: What is the second busiest airport in the New York metro area?
A: Newark Liberty International Airport', '
Q: In 2011, what airport did the most international travelers in North America visit?
A: John F. Kennedy International Airport', '
Q: What city is Stewart International Airport located close to?
A: Newburgh, New York', '
Q: How many travelers visited JFK, LaGuardia and Newark Liberty in 2012?
A: 109 million']
The Staten Island Ferry is the world's busiest ferry route, carrying approximately 20 million passengers on the 5.2-mile (8.4 km) route between Staten Island and Lower Manhattan and running 24 hours a day. Other ferry systems shuttle commuters between Manhattan and other locales within the city and the metropolitan area.

Questions and answers:
["
Q: The world's most popular ferry route is which in NYC? 
A: The Staten Island Ferry", '
Q: How many hours a day does the The Staten Island Ferry run?
A: 24', '
Q: In kilometers, how long is the Staten Island Ferry route?
A: 8.4', "
Q: Staring in State Island, in what borough does the Staten Island Ferry's route terminate?
A: Manhattan", '
Q: How many passengers ride the Staten Island Ferry annually?
A: 20 million']
The George Washington Bridge is the world's busiest motor vehicle bridge, connecting Manhattan to Bergen County, New Jersey. The Verrazano-Narrows Bridge is the longest suspension bridge in the Americas and one of the world's longest. The Brooklyn Bridge is an icon of the city itself. The towers of the Brooklyn Bridge are built of limestone, granite, and Rosendale cement, and their architectural style is neo-Gothic, with characteristic pointed arches above the passageways through the stone towers. This bridge was also the longest suspension bridge in the world from its opening until 1903, and is the first steel-wire suspension bridge.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: Which bridge in NYC is the busiest in the world?
A: The George Washington Bridge', '
Q: The biggest suspension bridge in the US is what?
A: The Verrazano-Narrows Bridge', '
Q: The bridge made with steel-wire is which in NYC?
A: The Brooklyn Bridge', '
Q: The Brooklyn Bridge was the worlds largest until what date?
A: 1903', '
Q: What is the busiest bridge for cars in the world?
A: George Washington Bridge', '
Q: Starting in Manhattan, the George Washington Bridge terminates in what New Jersey county?
A: Bergen', '
Q: What is the longest suspension bridge in the United States?
A: Verrazano-Narrows Bridge', '
Q: What style of architecture was used to design the Brooklyn Bridge?
A: neo-Gothic', "
Q: In what year did the Brooklyn Bridge cease to be the world's longest suspension bridge?
A: 1903"]
Manhattan Island is linked to New York City's outer boroughs and New Jersey by several tunnels as well. The Lincoln Tunnel, which carries 120,000 vehicles a day under the Hudson River between New Jersey and Midtown Manhattan, is the busiest vehicular tunnel in the world. The tunnel was built instead of a bridge to allow unfettered passage of large passenger and cargo ships that sailed through New York Harbor and up the Hudson River to Manhattan's piers. The Holland Tunnel, connecting Lower Manhattan to Jersey City, New Jersey, was the world's first mechanically ventilated vehicular tunnel when it opened in 1927. The Queens-Midtown Tunnel, built to relieve congestion on the bridges connecting Manhattan with Queens and Brooklyn, was the largest non-federal project in its time when it was completed in 1940. President Franklin D. Roosevelt was the first person to drive through it. The Hugh L. Carey Tunnel runs underneath Battery Park and connects the Financial District at the southern tip of Manhattan to Red Hook in Brooklyn.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: Which tunnel do 120,000 vehicles travel through a day in NYC?
A: The Lincoln Tunnel', '
Q: The Holland Tunnel opened in what year?
A: 1927', '
Q: The Queens-Midtown Tunnel was finished in what year?
A: 1940', '
Q: Who was the first person to drive through The Queens-Midtown Tunnel?
A: President Franklin D. Roosevelt', '
Q: How many vehicles utilize the Lincoln Tunnel daily?
A: 120,000', '
Q: What body of water is above the Lincoln Tunnel?
A: Hudson River', '
Q: What borough is connected to New Jersey via the Lincoln Tunnel?
A: Manhattan', '
Q: In what New Jersey city does the Holland Tunnel terminate?
A: Jersey City', '
Q: Who drove through the Queens-Midtown Tunnel before anyone else?
A: Franklin D. Roosevelt']
New York's high rate of public transit use, over 200,000 daily cyclists as of 2014, and many pedestrian commuters make it the most energy-efficient major city in the United States. Walk and bicycle modes of travel account for 21% of all modes for trips in the city; nationally the rate for metro regions is about 8%. In both its 2011 and 2015 rankings, Walk Score named New York City the most walkable large city in the United States. Citibank sponsored the introduction of 10,000 public bicycles for the city's bike-share project in the summer of 2013. Research conducted by Quinnipiac University showed that a majority of New Yorkers support the initiative. New York City's numerical "in-season cycling indicator" of bicycling in the city hit an all-time high in 2013.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: How many daily bicycle riders are there in NYC?
A: 200,000', '
Q: Each day, about how many New Yorkers bike?
A: 200,000', '
Q: About what percentage of New York City travel is done by bike or on foot?
A: 21%', "
Q: What company paid for 10,000 bikes for the city's bicycle sharing program?
A: Citibank", '
Q: Research by what institution of higher learning showed that most New Yorkers support bicycle sharing?
A: Quinnipiac University', '
Q: Who ranked New York as the most walkable large US city in 2015?
A: Walk Score']
New York City is supplied with drinking water by the protected Catskill Mountains watershed. As a result of the watershed's integrity and undisturbed natural water filtration system, New York is one of only four major cities in the United States the majority of whose drinking water is pure enough not to require purification by water treatment plants. The Croton Watershed north of the city is undergoing construction of a US$3.2 billion water purification plant to augment New York City's water supply by an estimated 290 million gallons daily, representing a greater than 20% addition to the city's current availability of water. The ongoing expansion of New York City Water Tunnel No. 3, an integral part of the New York City water supply system, is the largest capital construction project in the city's history.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: Who supplies NYC with drinkable water?
A: Catskill Mountains watershed', "
Q: From what mountain range does New York's drinking water come from?
A: Catskill Mountains", '
Q: How much is being spent on a water purification plant at the Croton Watershed?
A: US$3.2 billion', "
Q: After the water purification plant at the Croton Watershed is built, how much more water will be added to the city's supply each day?
A: 290 million gallons", '
Q: What percent increase in water supply will the city see after the Croton Watershed plant is finished?
A: 20%', '
Q: In what geographical direction would a New Yorker travel to reach the Croton Watershed?
A: north']
The Mayor and council members are elected to four-year terms. The City Council is a unicameral body consisting of 51 council members whose districts are defined by geographic population boundaries. Each term for the mayor and council members lasts four years and has a three consecutive-term limit, but can resume after a four-year break. The New York City Administrative Code, the New York City Rules, and the City Record are the code of local laws, compilation of regulations, and official journal, respectively.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: How many members are on the NYC city council?
A: 51', '
Q: How many terms can the mayjor of NYC serve in total?
A: three', "
Q: What is the duration of a New York City councilperson's term?
A: four-year", '
Q: How many councilors sit on the City Council?
A: 51', '
Q: How many terms in a row can a person serve as mayor?
A: three', '
Q: What is the official journal of New York City?
A: the City Record', '
Q: If someone serves three consecutive terms as mayor and wants to run again, how many years must they wait?
A: four']
The Democratic Party holds the majority of public offices. As of November 2008, 67% of registered voters in the city are Democrats. New York City has not been carried by a Republican in a statewide or presidential election since President Calvin Coolidge won the five boroughs in 1924. In 2012, Democrat Barack Obama became the first presidential candidate of any party to receive more than 80% of the overall vote in New York City, sweeping all five boroughs. Party platforms center on affordable housing, education, and economic development, and labor politics are of importance in the city.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: Which political party holds the majority of most office terms in NYC?
A: Democrats', '
Q: In 2008, what percentage of voters were democrats?
A: 67', '
Q: Which US president became the first to receive over 80 percent of NYC votes?
A: Barack Obama', '
Q: What was the last year that a republican candidate won all four boroughs of NYC?
A: 1924', '
Q: Which president won all of NYC in 1924?
A: Calvin Coolidge', '
Q: What party are most public officials of New York members of?
A: Democratic Party', '
Q: In November 2008, how many New Yorkers were registered as Democrats?
A: 67%', '
Q: In what year was the last presidential election when a Republican won New York City?
A: 1924', '
Q: How many boroughs did Barack Obama win in the 2012 presidential election?
A: five', '
Q: What political party was Calvin Coolidge a member of?
A: Republican']
Much of the scientific research in the city is done in medicine and the life sciences. New York City has the most post-graduate life sciences degrees awarded annually in the United States, with 127 Nobel laureates having roots in local institutions as of 2004; while in 2012, 43,523 licensed physicians were practicing in New York City. Major biomedical research institutions include Memorial Sloan–Kettering Cancer Center, Rockefeller University, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, and Weill Cornell Medical College, being joined by the Cornell University/Technion-Israel Institute of Technology venture on Roosevelt Island.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: As of 2012, how many physicians were working in New York City?
A: 43,523', '
Q: Where is the Cornell University/Technion-Israel Institute of Technology located?
A: Roosevelt Island', '
Q: As of 2004, how many Nobel Prize winners had roots in New York institutions?
A: 127']
Each year HHC's facilities provide about 225,000 admissions, one million emergency room visits and five million clinic visits to New Yorkers. HHC facilities treat nearly one-fifth of all general hospital discharges and more than one third of emergency room and hospital-based clinic visits in New York City.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: How many people are admitted to HHC institutions annually?
A: 225,000', '
Q: How many people visit HHC emergency rooms every year?
A: one million', '
Q: How many people visit HHC clinics annually?
A: five million', '
Q: What fraction of general hospital discharges receive treatment at HHC?
A: one-fifth', '
Q: What fraction of emergency room visits receive treatment at HHC?
A: one third']
Sociologists and criminologists have not reached consensus on the explanation for the dramatic decrease in the city's crime rate. Some attribute the phenomenon to new tactics used by the NYPD, including its use of CompStat and the broken windows theory. Others cite the end of the crack epidemic and demographic changes, including from immigration. Another theory is that widespread exposure to lead pollution from automobile exhaust, which can lower intelligence and increase aggression levels, incited the initial crime wave in the mid-20th century, most acutely affecting heavily trafficked cities like New York. A strong correlation was found demonstrating that violent crime rates in New York and other big cities began to fall after lead was removed from American gasoline in the 1970s. Another theory cited to explain New York City's falling homicide rate is the inverse correlation between the number of murders and the increasingly wetter climate in the city.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: Being exposed to what type of pollution has been theorized to increase aggression?
A: lead', '
Q: The decrease in crime in New York is sometimes attributed to the decline of what street drug?
A: crack']
New York City has been described as the cultural capital of the world by the diplomatic consulates of Iceland and Latvia and by New York's Baruch College. A book containing a series of essays titled New York, culture capital of the world, 1940–1965 has also been published as showcased by the National Library of Australia. In describing New York, author Tom Wolfe said, "Culture just seems to be in the air, like part of the weather."

Questions and answers:
['
Q: Who commented on New York that "culture just seems to be in the air, like part of the weather"?
A: Tom Wolfe', '
Q: In what library can the book New York, culture capital of the world, 1940–1965 be found?
A: the National Library of Australia', '
Q: What institution of higher education has described New York as the cultural capital of the world?
A: Baruch College', '
Q: Along with Latvia, the consulate of what country has called New York the cultural capital of the world?
A: Iceland']
Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts, anchoring Lincoln Square on the Upper West Side of Manhattan, is home to numerous influential arts organizations, including the Metropolitan Opera, New York City Opera, New York Philharmonic, and New York City Ballet, as well as the Vivian Beaumont Theater, the Juilliard School, Jazz at Lincoln Center, and Alice Tully Hall. The Lee Strasberg Theatre and Film Institute is in Union Square, and Tisch School of the Arts is based at New York University, while Central Park SummerStage presents performances of free plays and music in Central Park.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: In what borough is the Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts located?
A: Manhattan', '
Q: In what part of Manhattan can you find Lincoln Square?
A: Upper West Side', '
Q: In what square is the theater named after Lee Strasberg located?
A: Union Square', '
Q: At what institution of higher education is the Tisch School of the Arts located?
A: New York University', '
Q: In what New York park can one find performances at no cost?
A: Central Park']
New York City is home to hundreds of cultural institutions and historic sites, many of which are internationally known. Museum Mile is the name for a section of Fifth Avenue running from 82nd to 105th streets on the Upper East Side of Manhattan, in an area sometimes called Upper Carnegie Hill. The Mile, which contains one of the densest displays of culture in the world, is actually three blocks longer than one mile (1.6 km). Ten museums occupy the length of this section of Fifth Avenue. The tenth museum, the Museum for African Art, joined the ensemble in 2009, however its Museum at 110th Street, the first new museum constructed on the Mile since the Guggenheim in 1959, opened in late 2012. In addition to other programming, the museums collaborate for the annual Museum Mile Festival, held each year in June, to promote the museums and increase visitation. Many of the world's most lucrative art auctions are held in New York City.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What New York thoroughfare is Museum Mile located on?
A: Fifth Avenue', '
Q: In what borough is Museum Mile located?
A: Manhattan', '
Q: When was the Guggenheim built?
A: 1959', '
Q: In what year was the grand opening of the Museum for African Art on 110th Street?
A: 2012', '
Q: In what part of Manhattan is the Museum Mile located?
A: Upper East Side']
The New York area is home to a distinctive regional speech pattern called the New York dialect, alternatively known as Brooklynese or New Yorkese. It has generally been considered one of the most recognizable accents within American English. The classic version of this dialect is centered on middle and working-class people of European descent. However, the influx of non-European immigrants in recent decades has led to changes in this distinctive dialect, and the traditional form of this speech pattern is no longer as prevalent among general New Yorkers as in the past.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: Along with New Yorkese, what is another name for the New York dialect?
A: Brooklynese']
The traditional New York area accent is characterized as non-rhotic, so that the sound [ɹ] does not appear at the end of a syllable or immediately before a consonant; hence the pronunciation of the city name as "New Yawk." There is no [ɹ] in words like park [pɑək] or [pɒək] (with vowel backed and diphthongized due to the low-back chain shift), butter [bʌɾə], or here [hiə]. In another feature called the low back chain shift, the [ɔ] vowel sound of words like talk, law, cross, chocolate, and coffee and the often homophonous [ɔr] in core and more are tensed and usually raised more than in General American. In the most old-fashioned and extreme versions of the New York dialect, the vowel sounds of words like "girl" and of words like "oil" became a diphthong [ɜɪ]. This would often be misperceived by speakers of other accents as a reversal of the er and oy sounds, so that girl is pronounced "goil" and oil is pronounced "erl"; this leads to the caricature of New Yorkers saying things like "Joizey" (Jersey), "Toidy-Toid Street" (33rd St.) and "terlet" (toilet). The character Archie Bunker from the 1970s sitcom All in the Family (played by Carroll O'Connor) was a notable example of having used this pattern of speech, which continues to fade in its overall presence.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What sitcom did the Archie Bunker character feature in?
A: All in the Family', "
Q: What actor performed the role of Archie Bunker?
A: Carroll O'Connor", '
Q: What is the transliteration of the way in which New Yorkers are perceived to pronounce the name of their city?
A: New Yawk']
In soccer, New York City is represented by New York City FC of Major League Soccer, who play their home games at Yankee Stadium. The New York Red Bulls play their home games at Red Bull Arena in nearby Harrison, New Jersey. Historically, the city is known for the New York Cosmos, the highly successful former professional soccer team which was the American home of Pelé, one of the world's most famous soccer players. A new version of the New York Cosmos was formed in 2010, and began play in the second division North American Soccer League in 2013. The Cosmos play their home games at James M. Shuart Stadium on the campus of Hofstra University, just outside the New York City limits in Hempstead, New York.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What Major League Soccer franchise is based in New York?
A: New York City FC', '
Q: What stadium does the New York City FC call home?
A: Yankee Stadium', '
Q: In what city are the New York Red Bulls based?
A: Harrison, New Jersey', '
Q: What famous soccer player played for the New York Cosmos?
A: Pelé', '
Q: At what institution of higher education is James M. Shuart Stadium located?
A: Hofstra University']
Mass transit in New York City, most of which runs 24 hours a day, accounts for one in every three users of mass transit in the United States, and two-thirds of the nation's rail riders live in the New York City Metropolitan Area.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: What fraction of United States rail riders call the New York City Metropolitan Area home?
A: two-thirds']
New York City's commuter rail network is the largest in North America. The rail network, connecting New York City to its suburbs, consists of the Long Island Rail Road, Metro-North Railroad, and New Jersey Transit. The combined systems converge at Grand Central Terminal and Pennsylvania Station and contain more than 250 stations and 20 rail lines. In Queens, the elevated AirTrain people mover system connects JFK International Airport to the New York City Subway and the Long Island Rail Road; a separate AirTrain system is planned alongside the Grand Central Parkway to connect LaGuardia Airport to these transit systems. For intercity rail, New York City is served by Amtrak, whose busiest station by a significant margin is Pennsylvania Station on the West Side of Manhattan, from which Amtrak provides connections to Boston, Philadelphia, and Washington, D.C. along the Northeast Corridor, as well as long-distance train service to other North American cities.

Questions and answers:
["
Q: How many rail lines are there on New York City's commuter rail network?
A: 20", "
Q: About how many stations does New York City's commuter rail network have?
A: 250", '
Q: The AirTrain has a station at what airport?
A: JFK International Airport', '
Q: What Amtrak station in New York sees the most use?
A: Pennsylvania Station', '
Q: In what borough is Pennsylvania Station located?
A: Manhattan']
The Staten Island Railway rapid transit system solely serves Staten Island, operating 24 hours a day. The Port Authority Trans-Hudson (PATH train) links Midtown and Lower Manhattan to northeastern New Jersey, primarily Hoboken, Jersey City, and Newark. Like the New York City Subway, the PATH operates 24 hours a day; meaning three of the six rapid transit systems in the world which operate on 24-hour schedules are wholly or partly in New York (the others are a portion of the Chicago 'L', the PATCO Speedline serving Philadelphia, and the Copenhagen Metro).

Questions and answers:
['
Q: How many 24-hour rapid transit systems are located in New York?
A: three', '
Q: What 24-hour rapid transit system is in Philadelphia?
A: PATCO Speedline', '
Q: What 24-hour rapid transit system is outside the United States?
A: Copenhagen Metro', '
Q: What does the acronym PATH stand for?
A: Port Authority Trans-Hudson']
Multibillion US$ heavy-rail transit projects under construction in New York City include the Second Avenue Subway, the East Side Access project, and the 7 Subway Extension.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: Along with the East Side Access project and 7 Subway Extension, what heavy-rail project is being built in New York City?
A: the Second Avenue Subway']
Other features of the city's transportation infrastructure encompass more than 12,000 yellow taxicabs; various competing startup transportation network companies; and an aerial tramway that transports commuters between Roosevelt Island and Manhattan Island.

Questions and answers:
['
Q: About how many yellow cabs operate in New York?
A: 12,000', '
Q: Where does the aerial tramway that starts on Roosevelt Island terminate?
A: Manhattan Island']