rlacombe/ClimateX huggingface dataset:
Some of the trade-offs are mainly related to the switch to bioenergy, which may restrict the available land for food production and increase water consumption Economic impacts (synergies and trade-offs) are associated with reduced demand for fossil fuels, resulting in lower energy prices, RES investments, fostering innovation, and improvements in energy access Change in construction methods and circular economy+ Improve health through better labour conditions (medium confidence)± The change in construction methods and the devlopment of circular business models can lead to reduced or increased water demand, as a trade-off (medium confidence)+ Result in energy/ fuel poverty allevia- tion and improving the security of energy supply (high confidence)± Result in direct and indirect macro- economic effects (GDP , employment, public budgets) associated with development of smarter construction methods and circular business models + Also result in improving labour productivity (high confidence)+ The develop- ment of smarter construction methods and circular business models can foster innovation (high confidence)+ Result in reduced consumption of natural and scarce resources, waste generation and enviromental impacts (high confidence) + Result in reduced consumption of natural and scarce resources (high confidence)+ Reduce emissions and increase resilience (high confidence)+ The change in construction methods and the development of circular business models requires a better integra- tion and partner - ship between stakeholders (high confidence)Sections 9.4 and 9.5Economic impacts (synergies and trade-offs) are associated with development of smarter construction methods, circular business models, and improvements in labour productivity Change in construction materials+ Bio-based and natural materials, e.g., raw earth, can improve indoor air quality and brings the concept of biophilia – Bio-based and natural materials can be more susceptible to the appearance of biological organisms that can cause health problems (medium confidence)± The change in construc- tion materials can lead to reduced or increased water demand, as a trade-off (medium confidence)+ Result in energy/ fuel poverty allevia- tion and improving the security of energy supply (high confidence)± Result in direct and indirect macro- economic effects (GDP , employment, public budgets) asso- ciated with the use and development of green construction materials (medium confidence) + The use and development of green construction materials can foster innovation (high confidence)+ Result in reduced consumption of natural and scarce resources, waste generation and enviromental impacts (high confidence)+ Result in reduced consumption of natural and scarce resources (high confidence)+ Reduce emissions, removal and storage of CO 2 (bio-based materials) and increase resilience (high confi- dence)– Bio-based materials can increase the pressure and competition for land use (medium confidence)+ The change in construction materials requires a better integration and partnership between stake- holders (IPCC AR6_WGIII, confidence: high)
Sustainable Development Goals SectorSectoral mitigation optionsSDG 1 End poverty SDG 2 Zero hungerSDG 3 Good health and wellbeingSDG 4 Quality education SDG 5 Gender equalitySDG 6 Clean water and sanitationSDG 7 Affordable and clean energy SDG 8 Decent work and economic growthSDG 9 Industry, innovation and infrastructure SDG 10 Reduced inequalitiesSDG 11 Sustainable cities and communitiesSDG 12 Responsible consumption and productionSDG 13 Climate action SDG 14 Life below waterSDG 15 Life on landSDG 16 Peace, justice and strong institutions SDG 17 PartnershipLine of sight (section numbers , tables, figures , box)Remarks (context specificity/ scale) TransportFuel efficiency- light duty vehicle+ Improved efficiency reduces costs and makes transport more affordable (high confidence)± Land use for wind energy needs to be coordinated based on local circumstances, otherwise can have negative implications on food security (medium confidence)+ Reduce air pollution/ improve air quality (high confidence)+ Can support the global rate of improvement in overall energy efficiency (high confidence)+ Creation of new jobs due to new investment in fuel efficiency (medium confidence)+ Can reduce air pollution in cities (high confidence)+ Reduction of GHG emissions (high confidence)+ Reduce demand for land needed to produce transportation fuels (IPCC AR6_WGIII, confidence: medium)
Strengthened institutional capacity that also supports the scale and coordination of the mitigation options can increase these synergies Electric light- duty vehicles (LDVs)± Land use for solar energy needs to be coordinated based on local circumstances, otherwise can have negative implica- tions on food security (IPCC AR6_WGIII, confidence: medium)
BEVs could create jobs associated with the EV supply chain, and could create jobs to build and operate the associated infrastructure (IPCC AR6_WGIII, confidence: low)
Large-scale electrification of LDVs requires expansion of low-carbon power systems, while charging or battery swapping infrastructure is needed for some segments (high confidence)± Significant equity issues with EVs in the transition period can be overcome with programmes, for example, by expanding public charging infra- structure (medium confidence)+ Can reduce air and noise pollution in cities (high confidence)± Could increase demand for critical minerals but increased recycling can mitigate this risk (medium confidence)+ Reduction of GHG emissions (high confidence)Sections 10.3, 10.4 and 10.8 Shift to public transport+ Affordable transport access for all + Improve access to health, educa- tion, and other social services lowering the cost of services needed by the low-income/ poor (IPCC AR6_WGIII, confidence: high)
Sustainable Development Goals SectorSectoral mitigation optionsSDG 1 End poverty SDG 2 Zero hungerSDG 3 Good health and wellbeingSDG 4 Quality education SDG 5 Gender equalitySDG 6 Clean water and sanitationSDG 7 Affordable and clean energy SDG 8 Decent work and economic growthSDG 9 Industry, innovation and infrastructure SDG 10 Reduced inequalitiesSDG 11 Sustainable cities and communitiesSDG 12 Responsible consumption and productionSDG 13 Climate action SDG 14 Life below waterSDG 15 Life on landSDG 16 Peace, justice and strong institutions SDG 17 PartnershipLine of sight (section numbers , tables, figures , box)Remarks (context specificity/ scale) TransportFuel shift (including electricity)- heavy duty vehicles (HDVs)+ Reduce air pollution/improve air quality (medium confidence)+ Some alternative fuels can help increase the share of renewable energy in the global energy mix (medium confidence)+ Could create jobs associated with the supply chain of new fuels + Could create jobs to build and operate the associated infrastructure (low confidence)+ R&D is critical for new fuels and to test the full life cycle costs of various heavy vehicle options; need to invest in supporting infrastructure (high confidence)± Electric vehicles (EVs) and fuel cell vehicles (FCVs) for HDVs could increase demand for critical minerals but increased recycling can mitigate this risk (medium confidence)+ Reduction of GHG emissions (IPCC AR6_WGIII, confidence: high)
Strengthened institutional capacity that also supports the scale and coordination of the mitigation options can increase these synergiesShipping efficiency, logistics optimisation, new fuels+ Some alternative fuels can help increase the share of renewable energy in the global energy mix (medium confidence) + Can support the global rate of improvement in over - all energy efficiency (medium confidence)+ Could create jobs associated with the supply chain of new fuels + Could create jobs to build and operate the associated infrastructure (low confidence)+ R&D is critical for new fuels and to test the full life cycle costs of various heavy vehicle options; need to invest in supporting infrastructure (high confidence)+ Reduction of GHG emissions (high confidence)Sections 10.6 and 10.8 Aviation- energy efficiency, new fuels+ Some alternative fuels can help increase the share of renewable energy in the global energy mix (medium confidence) + Can support the global rate of improvement in over - all energy efficiency (medium confidence)+ Could create jobs associated with the supply chain of new fuels + Could create jobs to build and operate the associated infrastructure (low confidence)+ R&D is critical for new fuels and to test the full life cycle costs of various heavy vehicle options; need to invest in supporting infrastructure (high confidence)+ Reduction of GHG emissions (high confidence)Sections 10.5 and 10.8 Biofuels– Using land to produce biofuels could put stress on global food systems + Could increase incomes for farmers and support invest- ments in rural infra- structure (IPCC AR6_WGIII, confidence: medium)
The biofuels supply chain may nega- tively impact air quality (e.g., due to increased fertiliser use) (medium confidence)+ Can help increase the share of renew- able energy in the global energy mix (high confidence)+ Could create jobs associated with the supply chain of biofuels + Could create jobs to build and operate the associated infrastructure (low confidence)+ R&D is critical for new fuels and to test the full life cycle costs of various heavy vehicle options; need to invest in supporting infrastructure (high confidence)+ Could reduce air pollution in cities (medium confidence)+ Reduction of GHG emissions (high confidence)± Could increase eutrophication in water bodies (high confidence)± Additional land use for biofuels may increase pressue on biodiversity (IPCC AR6_WGIII, confidence: high)
For pathways that limit warming to 2°C (>67%) or lower, using GWP100 to inform cost-effective abatement choices between gases would achieve these long-term temperature goals at close to least global cost within a few percent (IPCC AR6_WGIII, confidence: high)