Sustainable Development Goals SectorSectoral mitigation optionsSDG 1 End poverty SDG 2 Zero hungerSDG 3 Good health and wellbeingSDG 4 Quality education SDG 5 Gender equalitySDG 6 Clean water and sanitationSDG 7 Affordable and clean energy SDG 8 Decent work and economic growthSDG 9 Industry, innovation and infrastructure SDG 10 Reduced inequalitiesSDG 11 Sustainable cities and communitiesSDG 12 Responsible consumption and productionSDG 13 Climate action SDG 14 Life below waterSDG 15 Life on landSDG 16 Peace, justice and strong institutions SDG 17 PartnershipLine of sight (section numbers , tables, figures , box)Remarks (context specificity/scale) IndustryEnergy efficiency+ Reduce air pollution (medium confidence)+ Enhances security in clean energy (high confidence)+ Employment opportunities in a green economy (high confidence) + Industrial innovation through new technologies (high confidence)+ Contributes to climate action through efficient use of energy (high confidence)Section 11.5.3Heavily dependent on technology and so the scale of the continous co-benefits across regions would depend on the extent and ease of technological transfer Material efficiency and demand reduction+ Reduce the pressures on water bodies (low confidence)+ New Business Models generate employment oppor - tunities (medium confidence) – Reduction in national sales tax revenue in medium term (low confidence)+ Infrastructural development to support mitigation option (medium confidence)+ Environmental stewardship (medium confidence)+ Contributes to climate action through reduced consumption (high confidence)Section 11.5.3The scale of the co-benefits achieved through material efficiency would depend on the extent to which the transition from traditional to requisite new business models can be achieved Circular material flows+ Reduce air pollution (medium confidence)+ Increase use of waste as resource (high confidence)+ Improved energy efficiency as key CE practice (medium confidence)+ Job opportunities through new business models (medium confidence)+ Public environ- mental awareness (medium confidence)+Enhances environmental benefits + Increase use of waste as resource (high confidence)+ Studies reported direct relationship between CE and SDG 14 (high confidence)+ Enhances biodiversity protec- tion on land (low confidence)+ Improved social relations between industrial sectors and local societies (medium confidence)Section 11.5.3Successful implementation of transformational new business models is required to scale up and derive extended co-benefits through the CE strategy Electrification+ Supports poverty alleviation strategies (high confidence)+ Improved food security – Fuel switching to options such as biomass and bioenergy can have negative impact on food prices (medium confidence)+ Supports delivery of health services + Improves indoor air quality compared to biomass use (high confidence)+ Reduces energy-related hurdles domestically affecting women (high confidence)+ Decarbonisation of grid when fuel is switched to cleaner sources (high confidence)+ Increased economic activity and employment (high confidence)+ Contributes to climate action through switching to renewables (high confidence)– Negative impact on SDG 15 [fuel switching to options such as biomass and bioenergy] (high confidence)Sections 11.5.3 and 6.7.7The extent of the co-benefits experience on social system would be relative as it would be dependent on their current access to energy CCS and carbon capture and utilisation (CCU)+ Control of non-CO 2 pollutants (such as sulphur dioxide) – increase of non- CO2 pollutants (such as particulate matter, nitrogen oxide and ammonia) (high confidence)– Deployment of CCS and CCU would require increased water consumption (high confidence)+ Decarbonisation of energy production through utilisation of CO2 (high confidence) – Deployment of CCS and CCU would require high energy demand (high confidence) + Diversified employment prospects (low confidence)+ Direct foreign investment and know-how (medium confidence)+ Deployment of CCS and CCU would contribute to enhancing the sustainability of cities (high confidence)+ Contributes to climate action through carbon capture (high confidence)– Deployment of CCS and CCU would require additional land use (IPCC AR6_WGIII, confidence: high)