Stan-
You are right this is complex.
Please read the AG's opinion  linked above as it lays out the ground tribal sovereignty covers here, as currently understood, pretty clearly. And it is not new ground.
Post-ANCSA there have been numerous court cases here which have fleshed out a number of issues ( and the State has lost most of them).
The notion that tribes do not exist here has been debunked by both the Executive and Congressional branches of the federal government  . From there  questions arise as to just what tribal governments without territory do have jurisdiction over, especially in a PL280 state, where the state and tribal govts have concurrent jurisdiction. The AG's opinion covers those areas.
Also, this might be helpful:
http://tribalmgmt.uaf.edu/tm112/Unit-4/Alaska-Tribal-Sovereignty-and-Jurisdiction-Major-case-law-affecting-Alaska-tribal-jurisdiction

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