This template has been designed for the presentation of information on non-stellar astronomical bodies: planets (including extrasolar planets), dwarf planets, moons and minor planets. Some parameters will not be applicable to individual types; these may be omitted without any problems to the template's function.   ব্যবহারের নোট   This template expects that the  tag will be present in articles setting the minorplanet parameter to yes. Pages without a  tag will show  at the bottom of the page.  When parameters relating to minor planets are used (e.g. mp_name), several subheadings and wikilinks within the template are made specific to minor planets. For standard formulas for computable values and sources of physical data, see Template talk:Infobox Nonstellar body#Computed values and Standard asteroid physical characteristics.  The Proper Orbital Element "Proper orbital period" (in Julian Years and Days) is calculated within the template from Proper Mean Motion and so does not require a parameter.  For bodies orbiting bodies other than the Sun, include the parameter |apsis = (appropriate suffix). This will replace various parameters' default "-helion" suffix to the suffix set by the apsis parameter. For example, setting |apsis = astron converts the labels "perihelion", "aphelion" and "Argument of perihelion" into "periastron", "apastron" and "Argument of periastron" respectively.   প্রস্তাবিত পরামিতি   For a list of all parameters, see All parameters below.   Exosolar গ্রহ   {{Infobox planet | name               = <!--(Common/agreed name)--> | image              = | caption            = | apsis              = astron | discovery_ref      = <!--(Any appropriate <ref>(s) to append to the name)--> | discoverer         = | discovery_site     = | discovered         = <!--(Date)--> | discovery_method   = | alt_names          = <!--(Any alternative names for the body)--> | periastron         = | apoastron          = | semimajor          = | avg_speed          = <!--(Average orbital speed)--> | eccentricity       = | period             = <!--(Orbital period)--> | inclination        = | angular_dist       = | long_periastron    = <!--(Longitude of periastron)--> | time_periastron    = <!--(Time of periastron)--> | semi-amplitude     = | mean_radius        = | surface_area       = | volume             = | density            = | mass               = | surface_grav       = <!--Equatorial surface gravity--> | escape_velocity    = | albedo             = | single_temperature = }}   গৌণ গ্রহাণু   {{Infobox planet | width              = (default is 22em) | name               = | symbol             = | image              = | caption            = | discovery_ref      = <ref>....</ref> | discoverer         = | discovered         = | discovery_site     = ''discovery_site'' | mp_name            = <!--(Minor planet name)--> | mp_category        = <!--(Minor planet category)--> | alt_names          = <!--(Alternative names)--> | orbit_ref          = <ref>Osculating Orbital Elements</ref> | epoch              = | aphelion           = | perihelion         = | semimajor          = | eccentricity       = | period             = | avg_speed          = <!--(Average orbital speed)--> | inclination        = | asc_node           = <!--(Longitude of ascending node)--> | mean_anomaly       = | arg_peri           = <!--(Argument of perihelion)--> | p_orbit_ref        = <ref>Proper Orbital Elements</ref> | p_semimajor        = | p_eccentricity     = | p_inclination      = | p_mean_motion      = <!--(Proper orbital mean motion)--> | perihelion_rate    = <!--(Proper perihelic precession rate)--> | node_rate          = <!--(Proper nodal precession rate)--> | satellites         = | dimensions         = | mass               = | density            = | surface_grav       = <!--(Equatorial surface gravity)--> | escape_velocity    = | sidereal_day       = | axial_tilt         = | pole_ecliptic_lat  = <!--(Pole ecliptic latitude)--> | pole_ecliptic_lon  = <!--(Pole ecliptic longitude)--> | albedo             = | temp_name1         = | mean_temp_1        = | max_temp_1         = | temp_name2         = | max_temp_2         = | spectral_type      = | abs_magnitude      = <!--(Absolute magnitude)--> }}  See here for  means of semi-automating this template's transclusion as regards minor planets.  For satellites of minor planets, include the parameter |apsis = astron (see above).   ব্যবহার নোট    From Wikipedia:WikiProject Astronomical objects/Infoboxes  Most of these entries should be measured in SI units. Some of them, however, should have more "human-accessible" units, in addition to SI units: several such cases are indicated with a second unit name in brackets. In the case of times (orbital periods, rotation), it is best to give all periods in days for comparison purposes, and provide a translation (in parentheses) into years, days, hours, etc.; whatever is most appropriate for the duration being described.  This template is very flexible. Moons with no atmosphere whatsoever could skip the atmospheric composition section entirely, for example (though atmospheric density would still be listed). Moons also wouldn't have their orbital radii listed in AU, since AUs are such large units. For planets, use "perihelion" and "aphelion" instead of "periapsis" and "apoapsis."  In the case of "number of moons" and "is a moon of", only one of these rows will be used by any given object. There aren't any moons with moons (yet), though perhaps "co-orbital with" might be a useful row to add in a few cases.  On orbital characteristics: The orbital circumference should be computed from the semi-major axis using Ramanujan's approximation for ellipses. The ratio of that circumference to the period then gives the average orbital speed. The minimum and maximum speeds follow from Kepler's laws:  and . Note that, by convention, all orbital parameters are given in the primocentric reference system (heliocentric for the planets).  On proper orbital elements: The formulae used by the template to convert from proper mean motion to proper orbital motion are: Oyears = 360 / M   andOdays = 365.25 x Oyears  On physical characteristics: The surface area and volume of non-spherical objects (e.g. moonlets, asteroids) must use the proper ellipsoid formulae, because even slight departures from sphericity will make a large difference, particularly for the area.  On the subject of obliquity: Obliquity is the angle between the object's axis of rotation and the normal to the plane of its orbit. Do not confuse this with the Tilt listed in the JPL pages, which is a measure of the angle between the local Laplace plane and the primary's equatorial plane. In fact, most inner moons have synchronous rotations, so their obliquities will be, by definition, zero. Outer moons simply have not been seen from close up enough to determine their true obliquities (although Phoebe, recently seen by the Cassini probe, is an exception; see Talk:Phoebe (moon) for the derivation of its obliquity).   সমস্ত পরামিতি   {{Infobox planet | width                  = <!--(Best given in font-proportional units such as 'em')--> | name                   = | symbol                 = <!--([[File:...]])--> | background             = | image                  = <!--([[File:...]])--> | caption                = | apsis                  = | discovery_ref          = <ref>...</ref> | discoverer             = | discovery_site         = | discovered             = | discovery_method       = | mp_name                = | pronounced             = | named_after            = | mp_category            = | alt_names              = | orbit_ref              = <ref>Osculating Orbital Elements</ref> | orbit_diagram          = <!-- image link, just like in prose. ex.: [[File:1992 TC orbital diagram.jpg|260px]] --> | epoch                  = | aphelion               = | perihelion             = | periastron             = | apoastron              = | periapsis              = | apoapsis               = | semimajor              = | mean_orbit_radius      = | eccentricity           = | period                 = | synodic_period         = | avg_speed              = <!--(Average orbital speed)--> | mean_anomaly           = | inclination            = | angular_dist           = <!--(Angular distance)--> | asc_node               = <!--(Longitude of ascending node)--> | long_periastron        = <!--(Longitude of periastron)--> | time_periastron        = <!--(Time of periastron)--> | arg_peri               = <!--(Argument of peri[helion/astron/...])--> | semi-amplitude         = | p_orbit_ref            = <ref>Proper Orbital Elements</ref> | p_semimajor            = | p_eccentricity         = | p_inclination          = | p_mean_motion          = <!--(Proper orbital mean motion)--> | perihelion_rate        = <!--(Proper perihelic precession rate)--> | node_rate              = <!--(Proper nodal precession rate)--> | satellite_of           = | satellites             = | dimensions             = | flattening             = | equatorial_radius      = | polar_radius           = | mean_radius            = | circumference          = | surface_area           = | volume                 = | mass                   = | density                = | surface_grav           = <!--(Equatorial surface gravity)--> | escape_velocity        = | sidereal_day           = | rot_velocity           = <!--(Rotational velocity)--> | axial_tilt             = | right_asc_north_pole   = <!--(North pole right ascension)--> | declination            = <!--(North pole declination)--> | pole_ecliptic_lat      = <!--(Pole ecliptic latitude)--> | pole_ecliptic_lon      = <!--(Pole ecliptic longitude)--> | albedo                 = | single_temperature     = | temp_name1             = | min_temp_1             = | mean_temp_1            = | max_temp_1             = | temp_name2             = | min_temp_2             = | mean_temp_2            = | max_temp_2             = | spectral_type          = | magnitude              = <!--(Apparent magnitude)--> | abs_magnitude          = <!--(Absolute magnitude)--> | angular_size           = | pronounced             = {{IPA-en|<!-- IPA string -->|}} | adjectives             = | atmosphere_ref         = <ref>...</ref> | surface_pressure       = | scale_height           = | atmosphere_composition = }}   নির্ণয় মান   This section documents how some minor planet parameters may be computed when they're not directly measured. More detail can be found in Standard asteroid physical characteristics.    গড় কক্ষপথের গতি  This is very simply the orbital circumference divided by the orbital period.  The exact circumference of an ellipse is , where a is the semi-major axis, e the eccentricity, and the function E is the complete elliptic integral of the second kind. This gives   E is close to  when e is small.  An approximation using a taylor series expansion is    AstOrb Browser computes a velocity using Ramanujan's approximation for an ellipse's circumference:   Where b is the orbit's semi-minor axis:     পৃষ্ঠের অভিকর্ষ   For a spherical body of mass m, and radius r, the gravitational acceleration at the surface , is given by     Where G = 6.6742 m3s−2kg−1 is the Gravitational constant, M is the mass of the body, and r its radius. This value is very approximate, as most minor planets are far from spherical.  For irregularly shaped bodies, the surface gravity will differ appreciably with location. However, at the outermost point/s, where the distance to the centre of mass is the greatest, the surface gravity is still given by a simple formula, a slightly modified version of the above that uses the largest radius      because all the body's mass is contained within this radius.  On a rotating body, the apparent weight experienced by an object on the surface is reduced by the centrifugal force, when one is away from the poles. The centrifugal acceleration experienced at the equator is     where T is the rotation period in seconds, and  is the equatorial radius (usually also the maximum radius used above). The negative sign indicates that it acts in the opposite direction to the gravitational acceleration g.  The effective surface gravity at the equator is then      মুক্তি বেগ   For surface gravity g and radius r, the escape velocity is:    This value is much less sensitive to the factors affecting the surface gravity, mentioned above.   তাপমাত্রা   For asteroid albedo α, semimajor axis a, solar luminosity , and asteroid infrared emissivity ε (usually taken to be ~0.9), the approximate mean temperature T is given by:    Where σ is Stefan-Boltzmann constant. See also .   মাইক্রোবিন্যাস   তথ্যসূত্র  গ্রহ বিষয়শ্রেণী:এইচকার্ড উৎপাদিত টেমপ্লেট