Template  calculates from one measurement unit to another one, and then presents the results formatted. For example: {{convert|2|km|mi}} →  (km entered, so converted into mile) {{convert|7|mi|km}} →  (mi entered, so converted into km)  Numbers can be rounded, units can be abbreviated into symbols: {{convert|2|km|mi|2|abbr=on}} →  {{convert|7|mi|km|2|abbr=on}} →  Value ranges can be entered using |to|... or |-|...: {{convert|2|to|5|km|mi}} →  {{convert|2|-|5|km|mi}}  →   Combined effect example: {{convert|2|-|5|km|mi|2|abbr=on}} →  {{convert|2|and|5|km|mi|sigfig=3|abbr=off}} →   Units to convert  Enter units to convert from into:  {{convert|1|lb|kg}} →  SI units generally accept prefixes, like "m" for milli (10−3), and "M" for mega (106) For "per" units, use "/" (slash): kg/ha For three-unit units, etc., see   Unit name or symbol (abbreviation): 1 pound or 1 lb? By default, the first quantity shows the unit name, the second shows the symbol (or abbreviation):  {{convert|1|lb|kg}} →   Using  is the reverse behaviour to the default: {{convert|1|lb|kg|abbr=in}} →   To abbreviate both or neither:  {{convert|1|lb|kg|abbr=on}} →   {{convert|1|lb|kg|abbr=off}} →   Convenience:  has  by default Template  is the same as , except that it has  as the default behaviour. In , all other options are available. So: {{cvt|1|lb|kg}} →  is equivalent to: {{convert|1|lb|kg|abbr=on}} →   Adjective: a 10-mile distance Use  to produce the adjectival (hyphenated) form:  A {{convert|10|mi|km|adj=on}} distance → A  distance. Default behaviour, for comparison:  {{convert|10|mi|km}} to go →  to go.   does not produce hyphens with unit symbols, as per Manual of Style:  A {{convert|9|in|cm|adj=on|abbr=on}} nail → A  nail.  Rounding: 100 ft is 30 m or 30.5 m or 30.48 m?  By definition, 100 ft equals . In practical use, it is common to round the calculated metric number. With that, there are several possibilities.  Default rounding By  default, the conversion result will be rounded either to precision comparable to that of the input value (the number of digits after the decimal point—or the negative of the number of non-significant zeroes before the point—is increased by one if the conversion is a multiplication by a number between 0.02 and 0.2, remains the same if the factor is between 0.2 and 2, is decreased by 1 if it is between 2 and 20, and so on) or to two significant digits, whichever is more precise. An exception to this is rounding temperatures (see below).   Examples of roundingInputDisplays asNote{{convert|123|ft|m|-1}}   {{convert|123|ft|m}}    same output as with 0 (below){{convert|123|ft|m|0}}   {{convert|123|ft|m|1}}   {{convert|123|ft|m|2}}   The more-exact value is 37.4904 m or so, which gets converted to 37 m if this parameter is not specified at all.{{convert|500|ft|m|-1}}   {{convert|500|ft|m}}    same output as with −1 (above), because the conversion factor is between 0.2 and 2 (hence, it should produce same double-zero precision (−2) as in the input value), but the conversion must produce two significant digits at a minimum (hence, a higher single-zero precision (−1) is used){{convert|500|ft|m|0}}   {{convert|500|ft|m|1}}   {{convert|500|ft|m|2}}    exact value is 152.4 m{{convert|500|ft|cm|-3}}   {{convert|500|ft|cm}}    same output as with −3 (above), because the conversion factor is between 20 and 200 (hence, it should decrease input value's double-zero precision (−2) by 2), but the conversion must produce two significant digits at a minimum (hence, a higher triple-zero precision (−3) is used){{convert|500|ft|cm|0}}     Convert supports four types of rounding:  Round to a given precision: use a precision number Specify the desired precision with the fourth unnamed parameter (or third unnamed parameter if the "convert to" parameter is omitted; or fifth unnamed parameter if a range is specified; or fourth unnamed parameter again if a range is specified and the "convert to" parameter is omitted; needs to be replaced with a "precision" named parameter). The conversion is rounded off to the nearest multiple of  to the power of this number. For instance, if the result is 8621 and the round number is "-2", the result will be 8600. If the result is "234.0283043" and the round number is "0", the result will be 234.  Round to a given number of significant figures:  To specify the output number to be with n significant figures use :  {{convert|1200|ft|m|sigfig=4}} →   {{convert|1200|ft|m|sigfig=3}} →   {{convert|1200|ft|m|sigfig=2}} →   {{convert|1200|ft|m|sigfig=1}} →  Default behaviour, for comparison:  {{convert|1200|ft|m}} →  Setting  to a value less than 1 is meaningless:  {{convert|1200|ft|m|sigfig=0}} →    Round to a multiple of 5: 15, 20, 25, ... Using  rounds the outcome to a multiple of 5.  {{convert|10|m|ft}} →   {{convert|10|m|ft|round=5}} →   Similar: using  rounds the outcome to a multiple of 25.  {{convert|10|m|ft}} →   {{convert|10|m|ft|round=25}} →  Default behaviour, for comparison:  {{convert|10|m|ft|sigfig=4}} →   In a range, one can round each value individually to the default. Use :  {{convert|10 x 200 x 3000|m|ft}} →   {{convert|10 x 200 x 3000|m|ft|round=each}} →   Round to a multiple of a given fraction:  inch Specify the desired denominator using . (Denominator is the below-the-slash number, for example the 3 in ).  {{convert|5.56|cm|in|frac=16}} →   {{convert|8|cm|in|frac=4}} →  The fraction is reduced when possible:  {{convert|8|cm|in|frac=100}} →  Default behaviour uses decimal notation:  {{convert|5.56|cm|in}} →   Rounding temperatures: °C, °F and K In temperatures, the conversion will be rounded either to the precision comparable to that of the input value or to that which would give three significant figures when expressed in kelvins, whichever is more precise.  The precision of the input number in example (1) is one digit, but the precision of its Kelvins expression is three, so the precision of the Fahrenheit conversion is made three (made 180...) . (1) and (2) seem to belie the fact that a , and make the 32 degrees difference shown in (1) begin to seem off somehow. Result (1) seems off until you set the significant figures yourself with :  or you set the precision positionally, relative to the decimal point (zero being at the decimal point):  The precision of the input number in example (2) is six, so the precision of the Fahrenheit output is, whereas before, Kelvins had determined it to be three. Examples (3) and (4) show how this can be hidden and generate questions, but it occurs there because the Kelvins conversion generated two fractional parts. (Before it was the input number that generated the fractional part.)  In example (3) the three input digits converted into five significant output digits because of the two digits after the decimal point, generated by the Kelvins conversion. This happened again in (5), but in (6) decimal fractions were neither given as input nor induced by the Kelvins conversion.  Rounding input There is limited support for rounding the displayed input number.  The rounding takes place after conversion, so the output is based on the full-precision input.  This is useful when the input is produced by  or otherwise available to a higher precision than is usefully displayed, and it's desirable to avoid double-rounding.  To round the input to a specified number of digits after the decimal point, use one of the parameters:         Note that there is no  or similar for rounding above the decimal place.  Neither is there support for significant figures, multiples of 5, or any other output-rounding feature.  The default precision is computed based on the input, so an explicit output precision must usually be supplied:   →   (precisions are mismatched)   →    In this case, if the input were rounded before conversion, a different result would be obtained:   →   (double rounding)  Into multiple units:  Separate the multiple output units by a space:  {{convert|10|C|F K}} →   {{convert|5|km|mi nmi}} →  If the output unit names contain spaces, use + as the separator.  See also:  For multiple-unit options like 1 ft 5 in, see  and .  Ranges of values  A range converts two values and separates them by your choice of words and punctuation.  A range: 6 to 17 kg (13 to 37 lb) Range indicators are entered as the second parameter (between the values). Range separators can be:  Multiple dimensions:  Use by:  {{convert|6|by|12|ft|m}} →   Use ×, multiplication sign, or x, letter:  {{convert|6|x|12|m|ft}} →   In science, the formal way is to set |x| and  (keeping dimensions right, like in area = x km2):  {{convert|6|x|12|m|ft|abbr=on}} →   Lists of values: 20, 40, or 60 miles {{convert|20|,|40|, or|60|mi}} →   About feet, inch in ranges and multiples While it is possible to enter feet, inch in a simple conversion, this is not possible for ranges:  {{convert|1|ft|3|in|x|3|ft|5|in|mm}} →   Default behaviour, for comparison:  {{convert|1|ft|3|in|mm}} →   Words Spelling of unit name: international metre or US meter? Default spelling of units is in the en (generic) locale. To show en-US spelling, use : {{convert|1|m|ft}} → —default {{convert|1|m|ft|sp=us}} →   Spell out numbers: ten miles To write a number in words, use :  {{convert|10|mi|m|spell=in}} →   To spell out both in and out values, use :  {{convert|10|mi|m|spell=on}} →   To make first letter a capital, use ,   {{convert|10|mi|m|spell=In}} →   {{convert|10|mi|m|spell=On}} →   Remember that the spelling of the units (ft, m) is independently set by . To the extreme:  {{convert|10|mi|m|spell=on|abbr=off|sp=us}} →   Inserted before units: 4 planted acres {{convert|4|acre||adj=pre|planted}} →  disp=preunit is similar, but has no separator after the specified text, and can have different text for the output value: {{convert|4|acre||disp=preunit|planted }} →  {{convert|4|acre||disp=preunit|planted |reforested-}} →   After adjective unit: A  corridor Note that two units (in this case, ft and m) are required. Use with just one unit will generate an error message. {{convert|10|ft|m|adj=mid|-long}} →   Plurals: 1 inch, 2 inches The unit symbol is singular always. Depending on the preceding number only, a unit name can be shown plural.  {{convert|1|metre}} →   {{convert|2|metre}} →   {{convert|2|metre|abbr=on}} →   Exception Entering the unit spelled |foot| forces singular output "foot", whatever the number is.  {{convert|100|foot|abbr=off}} →   Fractions: one-eighth of an imperial pint The convert template also supports spelling out fractions.  {{convert|3+1/2|oz|g|spell=in}} →  Any additional words needed for the fraction can also be added at the end of the template.  {{convert|1/8|imppt|ml|spell=in|adj=pre|of an}} →   Wrapping and line breaking See   Spelling out "thousands", "millions", etc. Most unit codes accept a prefix of e3 (thousand) or e6 (million) or e9 (billion).  {{convert|100|e6mi|e6km}} →   {{convert|120|e6acre}} →   {{convert|120|e6acre|e3km2}} →   To display both input and output in scientific notation, use   {{convert|100|e6mi|e6km|abbr=on}} →   To spell out "thousands", "millions", etc.,  abbreviates the unit;  displays both full unit names.  {{convert|100|e6mi|e6km|abbr=unit}} →   {{convert|100|e6mi|e6km|abbr=off}} →   Numbers  Using an SI prefix: gigameter (Gm), or micrometer (μm)  Units can have an SI prefix like G before the unit: Gm, and giga before the name: gigameter. These are plain multiplication factors.  To illustrate, these are trivial calculations (from meter to meter), showing the multiplication factor:      The prefix can be added before the SI unit (here: unit m for meter):  {{convert|12|Gm|mi|abbr=on}} →   Mm:   km:   mm:   μm:   um:  (letter "u" can be used for "μ" here)  The prefix can be used in the output unit:  {{convert|12000|mi|Mm|abbr=on}} →   {{convert|12|in|μm|abbr=on}} →   As an exception, the non-SI unit "inch" can have the "μ" prefix too:  {{convert|12|μm|μin|abbr=on}} →   Engineering notation: 7 × 106 m  In the unit: e6m Engineering notation can be entered as a "prefix" to the unit:  {{convert|70|e6m}} →   The same is possible for the output unit:  {{convert|23,000,000|ft|e6m}} →   Any standard unit (not a combination, multiple, or built-in unit) can have such a prefix:  e3 (thousand),  e6 (million),  e9 (billion),  e12 (trillion),  e15 (quadrillion).  Scientific notation: 1.23 × 10−14 In scientific notation, a number is written like . The plain number has exactly one digit before the decimal point.  With , the input can be in e-notation such as 12.3e4. This value is displayed as a power of ten, and the output is displayed in scientific notation, except that an output value satisfying 0.01 <= v < 1000 is shown as a normal number. In addition, if the output value is 1000 and sigfig=4 is used, the value is displayed as a normal number. {{convert|12.3e-15|atm|atm|abbr=on}} →  {{convert|0.00000005|atm|atm|abbr=on}} →   Input with fractions:  The number to convert can be written in fractions. Both / (keyboard slash) and ⁄ (fraction slash) are accepted: {{convert|1/2|in|mm|1}} →  {{convert|1⁄2|in|mm|1}} →   With positive mixed numbers (a positive integer and a fraction), use a + sign {{convert|2+1⁄2|in|mm|1}} →   With negative mixed numbers, use a hyphen - and repeat it: {{convert|-2-1⁄2|in|mm|1}} →   Note that the following cases are not interpreted as mixed numbers: {{convert|2-1⁄2|in|mm|1}} → . This is interpreted as a range from 2 inches to 1⁄2 inch. {{convert|-2+1⁄2|in|mm|1}} →   This is neither a mixed number nor a range, and mathematical expressions requiring calculations are not allowed here.  Output with horizontal fraction bar in:  inch  Using a double slash (//) returns a horizontal bar fraction:  {{convert|1//2|in|mm|1}} →   {{convert|2+1//2|in|mm|1}} →   Thousands separator: 1,000 mi or 1000 mi In input, a comma for thousands separator is accepted but not required; a gap (space) is not accepted. In output, by default, the thousand separator is the comma:  {{convert|1234567|m|ft}} →   {{convert|1,234,567|m|ft}} →   {{convert|1 234 567|m|ft}} →    Set  to remove the separator from the output:  {{convert|1234567|m|ft|comma=off}} →   Use  to use digit grouping by gap (thin space) as a thousands separator:  {{convert|1234567|m|ft|comma=gaps}} →  Default behaviour, for comparison:  {{convert|1234567|m|ft}} →   Setting  will only add the separator when the number of digits is 5 or more:  {{convert|1234|m|ft|comma=5}} →   {{convert|1234567|m|ft|comma=5}} →  Default behaviour, for comparison:  {{convert|1234|m|ft}} →   Output manipulation Brackets and separators: 10 m [33 ft] Punctuation that distinguishes the two measurements is set by . Options are: b (the default), sqbr, comma, or, br, x…:  {{convert|10|m|ft|disp=sqbr}} →   {{convert|10|m|ft|disp=comma}} →   {{convert|10|m|ft|disp=or}} →  Default behaviour, for comparison:  {{convert|10|m|ft}} →   Setting  will force a new line (<br/>)  {{convert|10|m|ft|disp=br}} →   Also  will force a new line, and keep the brackets (useful in tables):  {{convert|10|m|ft|disp=br()}} →   Setting  allows any text as separator:  {{convert|10|m|ft|disp=x|_MyText_}} →  (To display spaces, use &nbsp;)  Flipping (reordering) the two measurements:   Setting  will flip (swap) the two measurements:  {{convert|1|mi|m|order=flip}} →  Default behaviour, for comparison:  {{convert|1|mi|m}} →   When converting to multiple units, the effect is:  {{convert|10|km|mi nmi|order=flip}} →   {{convert|10|km|nmi mi|order=flip}} →   Fixed ordering of output units:   Setting  shows the output-units as ordered; the input unit is skipped: {{convert|100|C|F C K|abbr=on|order=out}} →  {{convert|200|PS|kW hp|0|abbr=on|order=out}} →   See also: § Displaying parts of the output.   Displaying parts of the result:  It is possible to display only parts of the conversion result:   Convert  Output  Returns {{convert|2|cuyd|m3}}   Regular output (for comparison) {{convert|2|cuyd|m3|abbr=values}}   Input and output numbers {{convert|2|cuyd|m3|disp=unit}}   Input unit {{convert|2|cuyd|m3|disp=unit|adj=on}}   Input unit, adjective (hyphenated) {{convert|2|cuyd|cuyd|disp=out}}    Input (workaround. ) {{convert|2|cuyd|m3|abbr=~}}   Input: both name and symbol {{convert|2|cuyd|m3|disp=unit2}}    Output unit (symbol) {{convert|2|cuyd|m3|disp=unit2|abbr=off}}    Output unit (name) {{convert|2|cuyd|m3|disp=number}}   Output value {{convert|2|cuyd|m3|disp=out}}   Output value and unit name {{convert|2|cuyd|m3|disp=out|abbr=off}}   Output value and unit symbol  Display both input name and symbol: 2 kilopascals [kPa] Setting  returns both name and  symbol of the first (input) unit:  {{convert|2|kPa|psi|abbr=~}} →   A {{convert|2|kPa|psi|abbr=~|adj=on}} pressure →   Table options For the wikitable structure, there are three options: add a line-break, split the result over columns and make the table sortable.  Enforced line break  adds a line-break and omits brackets.   adds a line-break and does add brackets to the converted value. This may be useful in tables:      Table columns  Using {convert} in a table cell, with  splits the result over two (or more) columns. By default units are not included in the table, however, they can be added using the  parameter. Multiple-unit outputs, like ftin, always output their units to the table.  {{convert|10|m|ft|disp=table}} →   does the same, and also centers the text: {{convert|20|m|ft|disp=tablecen}} →  The units are added as a column header: {| class=wikitable ! style="width:10em;" |   ! style="width:10em;" | metres ! style="width:10em;" | feet ! style="width:10em;" | feet and inches |- |  |  |- | and  |  |- | and  |  |- | |  |- | (default) | |- |}  Sorting Use  to include a hidden numerical sortkey in the output, suitable for use in a table with sortable columns. Technically, this places a hidden string before the actual displayed values: {{convert|10|m|ft|sortable=on}}  showing: .  Use both  and  together to produce table columns (pipe symbols) for each value in sortable columns:  {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! m ! ft |- | A |  |- | B |  |- | C |  |- | D |  |}  The generated sortkey is calculated in a consistent way based on both the value and its unit as passed to the convert template. In most cases convert uses the passed value converted to SI base units. It is therefore not necessarily the displayed value or other alternate units and is calculated regardless of output format options. Using different units or different order of units in individual rows should therefore not lead to incorrect sorting, although variations in rounding can give surprising results, since an unrounded number is used for the sortkey.  Units The conversion factors and physical constants are sourced here.  All units  'per' units: kg/hl, miles per gallon When using a slash (/), a unit like kg/hl is recognized as kilograms per hectolitre and will be converted with other mass/volume units.  {{convert|1000|kg/hl}} →   Population density (inhabitants per square mile) can be converted using  {{convert|10|PD/sqmi|PD/sqkm}} →   Vehicular fuel efficiency, commonly expressed in miles per gallon or litres per 100 km can also be converted  {{convert|26|mpgUS|l/100km mpgimp}} →   Units of difference: Expressing a change or difference in temperature We have already discussed standard temperature conversions (°C, °F, K), as shown in these two examples:   (standard temperature conversion)   (standard temperature range conversion)  When expressing a temperature change (e.g., "The temperature increased by 10 °C"), or when comparing temperatures (e.g., "10 to 15 °C warmer"), we cannot use the standard temperature units (,  and ), which refer to points on the respective scale. Instead, we must use one of the following "units of difference": ,  and .  Compare the following two examples with the two above:    increase in temperature   warmer than normal  To produce multiple units in the output:   difference  Multiple units: 1 ft 5 in In input Base document  lists options for multiple unit input (like ft,in). It can catch predefined sets only (units that can be subdivided; e.g., yd into ft):  {{convert|1|yd|2|ft|3|in}} →   {{convert|2|ft|3|in|cm}} →   {{convert|1|lb|5|oz|g}} →   In output Available multiple-unit output options predefined, like ftin and ydftin. The full list is at .  {{convert|2|m|ftin}} →   {{convert|2|m|ft in}} → , using a space, returns the decimal point Default behaviour, for comparison:  {{convert|2|m}} →   See also:   a length used to measure horses   a weight in ton, cwt, qr and lb  Currency per unit: $/mi → $/km Using currency symbols in a $ per unit value, you can convert the per-unit:  {{convert|10|$/mi|$/km}} →   {{convert|1500|$/ozt|$/g}} →   You can set the currency in both values using :  {{convert|10|$/mi|$/km|$=€}} →   It is not possible to convert the currency. So, this result (mixed currencies) is not possible:    Using convert inside templates For usage in template code, like infoboxes,  has these options: Pre-formatting fraction input  Module:Convert/helper can read regular input and pre-format it into -accepted input. Your template can accept  and use {{#invoke:Convert/helper|number|16 7/8}} →   Using a Wikidata property  Adding the Wikidata property code, like code , to your template code automatically returns the Wikidata property for that article, and convert it. Both number and unit are read. Note: to return that property value for an other article, use .  Example for : Note: this example uses  (testing for )  {{convert|input=P2073|qid=Q1056131|ftin|abbr=on}}  →   {{convert|input=P2073|qid=Q1056131|km|abbr=on}}  →   {{convert|input=P2073|qid=Q1056131|km|abbr=on|disp=out}}  →  For example see template:Infobox Telescope.  Sometimes a property may have more than one value against in in Wikidata. You can use the  parameter to specify which of the values you want to use.  Example for : Note: this example uses  (testing for )  : {{convert|input=P2386|qual=Q613628|ft|abbr=on}} →   : {{convert|input=P2386|qual=Q1395645|ft|abbr=on}} →   Parameter list  Deprecated options  TemplateData  আরও দেখুন       to convert historical prices to their current equivalent.