--[[--------------------------< N I H O N G O _ E R R O R >----------------------------------------------------  creates an error message for , , , and  when these template are missing <japanese> or <romaji> inputs; names the offending template, links to template page, and adds article to Category:Nihongo template errors  ]]  local function nihongo_error (template) 	local msg = {'error: {{'}; 	table.insert (msg, template); 	table.insert (msg, '}}: Japanese or romaji text required ([[Template:'); 	table.insert (msg, template); 	table.insert (msg, '|help]])'); 	if 0 == mw.title.getCurrentTitle().namespace then 		table.insert (msg, 'Category:Nihongo template errors'); 	end  	return table.concat (msg);	 end  --[[--------------------------< N I H O N G O _ R E N D E R E R >----------------------------------------------  shared support function for nihingo(), nihongo3(), and nihongo_foot().  Calculates an index into formatting{} from set/unset parameters: 	args[1] (english) has a value of 8 (set) or 0 (unset) 	args[2] (japanese) has a value of 4 	args[3] (romaji) has a value of 2 	args[4] (extra) has a value of 1 index, the sum of these values, gets the appropriate format string from formatting{} table with associated values from the formatting[index][2] table  ]]  local function nihongo_renderer (args, formatting, extra2) 	local output; 	local index = 0;															-- index into formatting{} 	local param_weight = {8, 4, 2, 1};											-- binary parameter weights: [1] = english (8), [2] = japanese (4), [3] = romaji (2), [4] = extra (1)  	for i=1, 5 do																-- spin through args[1] – args[4] 		index = index + (args[i] and param_weight[i] or 0);						-- calculate an index into formatting{} 	end  	output = (0 ~= index) and string.format (formatting[index][1] and formatting[index][1], formatting[index][2][1], formatting[index][2][2], formatting[index][2][3], formatting[index][2][4]) or nil;  	if extra2 then																-- always just attached to the end (if there is an end) so not part of formatting{} 		output = output and (output .. ' ' .. extra2) or '' .. extra2;	--  and : place holders for font-weight style spans; akin to stripmarkers, to be replaced 	end																			-- (nihongo and nihongo3) or removed (nihongo foot)  	return output and (output .. '') or ;								-- where there is output, add secret tag close end  --[=[-------------------------< N I H O N G O >----------------------------------------------------------------  An experiment to see how to implement  using Module:Lang for language and transliteration markup  <English>, <japanese>, and <romaji> are positional parameters 	<English>: rendered as presented; purports to be English translation of <kanji/kana> 	<japanese>: Japanese language text using Japanese script; TODO: require? 	<romaji>: Hepburn romanization (transliteration); TODO: in Module:Lang/data change tooltip text to 'Hepburn romanization'? <extra> and <extra2> are positional or named: |extra= and |extra2=; mixing can be problematic 	<extra> is rendered as presented preceeded with <comma><space> 	<extra2> is rendered as presented preceeded with <space> |lead=: takes one value 'yes'; renders language name same as  but also adds Hepburn:<space> ahead of the romanization; TODO: in Module:Lang, turnoff tooltip for transl when |lead=yes  ]=]  local function nihongo (frame) 	local lang_module = require ('Module:Lang' .. (frame:getTitle():match ('/sandbox') or ));	-- if this module is the sandbox, use Module:lang/sandbox; Module:Lang else  	local args = require ('Module:Arguments').getArgs (frame); 	 	local english, japanese, romaji, extra, extra2 = args[1], args[2], args[3], args.extra or args[4], args.extra2 or args[5];	-- meaningful names 	args[4] = extra or args[4];													-- ensure that extra is 'positional' for use by nihongo_renderer()  	local lead = 'yes' == args.lead;											-- make boolean  	if not (japanese or romaji) then											-- not present, return an error message 		return nihongo_error ('nihongo'); 	end 	if japanese then 		japanese = lead and lang_module._lang_xx_inherit ({['code']='ja', japanese, ['template']='nihongo'}) or lang_module._lang ({'ja', japanese, ['template']='nihongo'});	-- add ja script with/without language prefix 	end 	if romaji then 		romaji = (lead and english and 'Hepburn: ' or ) .. lang_module._transl ({'ja', 'hepburn', romaji}) or nil; 	end 	 	local formatting = {														--  and : place holders for font-weight style spans; akin to stripmarkers, replaced  before function returns 		{'<5p4n>(%s)', {extra}}, 												-- 1 - (extra) 		{'%s<5p4n>', {romaji}},													-- 2 - romaji 		{'%s<5p4n> (%s)', {romaji, extra}},										-- 3 - romaji (extra) 		{'<5p4n>(%s)', {japanese}},												-- 4 - japanese 		{'<5p4n>(%s, %s)', {japanese, extra}},									-- 5 - (japanese, extra) 		{'%s<5p4n> (%s)', {romaji, japanese}},									-- 6 - romaji (japanese) 		{'%s<5p4n> (%s, %s)', {romaji, japanese, extra}},						-- 7 - romaji (japanese, extra) 		{'%s<5p4n>', {english}},												-- 8 - english 		{'%s<5p4n> (%s)', {english, extra}},									-- 9 - english (extra) 		{'%s<5p4n> (%s)', {english, romaji}},									-- 10 - english (romaji) 		{'%s<5p4n> (%s, %s)', {english, romaji, extra}},						-- 11 - english (romaji, extra) 		{'%s<5p4n> (%s)', {english, japanese}},									-- 12 - english (japanese) 		{'%s<5p4n> (%s, %s)', {english, japanese, extra}},						-- 13 - english (japanese, extra) 		{'%s<5p4n> (%s, %s)', {english, japanese, romaji}},						-- 14 - english (japanese, romaji) 		{'%s<5p4n> (%s, %s, %s)', {english, japanese, romaji, extra}},			-- 15 - english (japanese, romaji, extra) 		}  	local ret_string = nihongo_renderer (args, formatting, extra2) 	ret_string = ret_string:gsub ('', '<span style="font-weight: normal">'):gsub ('', '</span>');	-- replace 'secret' tags with proper tags 	return ret_string;															-- because gsub returns the number of replacements made as second return value end  --[=[-------------------------< N I H O N G O 3 >--------------------------------------------------------------  An experiment to see how to implement  using Module:Lang for language and transliteration markup  Similar to  but changes rendered order and does not support |lead=  <English>, <japanese>, and <romaji> are positional parameters 	<English>: rendered as presented; purports to be English translation of <kanji/kana> 	<japanese>: Japanese language text using Japanese script; TODO: require? 	<romaji>: Hepburn romanization (transliteration); TODO: in Module:Lang/data change tooltip text to 'Hepburn romanization'? <extra> and <extra2> are positional or named: |extra= and |extra2=; mixing can be problematic 	<extra> is rendered as presented preceeded with <comma><space> 	<extra2> is rendered as presented preceeded with <space>  ]=]  local function nihongo3 (frame) 	local lang_module = require ('Module:Lang' .. (frame:getTitle():match ('/sandbox') or ));	-- if this module is the sandbox, use Module:lang/sandbox; Module:Lang else 	local args = require ('Module:Arguments').getArgs (frame); 	 	local english, japanese, romaji, extra, extra2 = args[1], args[2], args[3], args.extra or args[4], args.extra2 or args[5];	-- meaningful names 	args[4] = extra or args[4];													-- ensure that extra is 'positional' for use by nihongo_renderer()  	if not (japanese or romaji) then											-- not present, return an error message 		return nihongo_error ('nihongo3'); 	end 	japanese = japanese and lang_module._lang ({'ja', japanese}) or nil; 	romaji = romaji and lang_module._transl ({'ja', 'hepburn', romaji}) or nil; 	 	local formatting = {														--  and : place holders for font-weight style spans; akin to stripmarkers, replaced  before function returns 		{'<5p4n>(%s)', {extra}}, 												-- 1 - (extra) 		{'%s<5p4n>', {romaji}},													-- 2 - romaji 		{'%s<5p4n> (%s)', {romaji, extra}},										-- 3 - romaji (extra) 		{'<5p4n>(%s)', {japanese}},												-- 4 - japanese 		{'<5p4n>(%s, %s)', {japanese, extra}},									-- 5 - (japanese, extra) 		{'%s<5p4n> (%s)', {romaji, japanese}},									-- 6 - romaji (japanese) 		{'%s<5p4n> (%s, %s)', {romaji, japanese, extra}},						-- 7 - romaji (japanese, extra) 		{'%s<5p4n>', {english}},												-- 8 - english 		{'%s<5p4n> (%s)', {english, extra}},									-- 9 - english (extra) 		{'%s<5p4n> (%s)', {romaji, english}},									-- 10 - romaji (english) 		{'%s<5p4n> (%s, %s)', {romaji, english, extra}},						-- 11 - romaji (english, extra) 		{'%s<5p4n> (%s)', {english, japanese}},									-- 12 - english (japanese) 		{'%s<5p4n> (%s, %s)', {english, japanese, extra}},						-- 13 - english (japanese, extra) 		{'%s<5p4n> (%s, %s)', {romaji, japanese, english}},						-- 14 - romaji (japanese, english) 		{'%s<5p4n> (%s, %s, %s)', {romaji, japanese, english, extra}},			-- 15 - romaji (japanese, english, extra) 		}  	local ret_string = nihongo_renderer (args, formatting, extra2) 	ret_string = ret_string:gsub ('', '<span style="font-weight: normal">'):gsub ('', '</span>');	-- replace 'secret' tags with proper tags 	return ret_string;															-- because gsub returns the number of replacements made as second return value end  --[=[-------------------------< N I H O N G O   K R T >--------------------------------------------------------------  An experiment to see how to implement  using Module:Lang for language and transliteration markup  Similar to  but changes rendered order and does not support |lead=  <English>, <japanese>, and <romaji> are positional parameters 	<English>: rendered as presented; purports to be English translation of <kanji/kana> 	<japanese>: Japanese language text using Japanese script; TODO: require? 	<romaji>: Hepburn romanization (transliteration); TODO: in Module:Lang/data change tooltip text to 'Hepburn romanization'? 	<extra> and <extra2> are positional or named: |extra= and |extra2=; mixing can be problematic 	<extra> is rendered as presented preceeded with <comma><space> 	<extra2> is rendered as presented preceeded with <space>  ]=]  local function nihongokrt (frame) 	local lang_module = require ('Module:Lang' .. (frame:getTitle():match ('/sandbox') or ));	-- if this module is the sandbox, use Module:lang/sandbox; Module:Lang else 	local args = require ('Module:Arguments').getArgs (frame); 	 	local english, japanese, romaji, extra, extra2 = args[1], args[2], args[3], args.extra or args[4], args.extra2 or args[5];	-- meaningful names 	args[4] = extra or args[4];													-- ensure that extra is 'positional' for use by nihongo_renderer()  	if not (japanese or romaji) then											-- not present, return an error message 		return nihongo_error ('nihongo krt'); 	end 	japanese = japanese and lang_module._lang ({'ja', japanese}) or nil; 	romaji = romaji and lang_module._transl ({'ja', 'hepburn', romaji}) or nil; 	 	local formatting = {														--  and : place holders for font-weight style spans; akin to stripmarkers, replaced  before function returns 		{'<5p4n>(%s)', {extra}}, 												-- 1 - (extra) 		{'%s<5p4n>', {romaji}},													-- 2 - romaji 		{'%s<5p4n> (%s)', {romaji, extra}},										-- 3 - romaji (extra) 		{'<5p4n>%s', {japanese}},												-- 4 - japanese 		{'<5p4n>%s (%s)', {japanese, extra}},									-- 5 - japanese (extra) 		{'<5p4n>%s (%s)', {japanese, romaji}},									-- 6 - japanese (romaji) 		{'<5p4n>%s (%s, %s)', {japanese, romaji, extra}},						-- 7 - japanese (romaji, extra) 		{'%s<5p4n>', {english}},												-- 8 - english 		{'%s<5p4n> (%s)', {english, extra}},									-- 9 - english (extra) 		{'%s<5p4n> (%s)', {romaji, english}},									-- 10 - romaji (english) 		{'%s<5p4n> (%s, %s)', {romaji, english, extra}},						-- 11 - romaji (english, extra) 		{'<5p4n>%s (%s)', {japanese, english}},									-- 12 - japanese (english) 		{'<5p4n>%s (%s, %s)', {japanese, english, extra}},						-- 13 - japanese (english, extra) 		{'<5p4n>%s (%s, %s)', {japanese, romaji, english}},						-- 14 - japanese (romaji, english) 		{'<5p4n>%s (%s, %s, %s)', {japanese, romaji, english, extra}},			-- 15 - japanese (romaji, english, extra) 		}  	local ret_string = nihongo_renderer (args, formatting, extra2) 	ret_string = ret_string:gsub ('', '<span style="font-weight: normal">'):gsub ('', '</span>');	-- replace 'secret' tags with proper tags 	return ret_string;															-- because gsub returns the number of replacements made as second return value end  --[=[-------------------------< N I H O N G O _ F O O T >------------------------------------------------------  An experiment to see how to implement  using Module:Lang for language and transliteration markup  <English>, <japanese>, and <romaji> are positional parameters 	<English>: rendered as presented; purports to be English translation of <kanji/kana> 	<japanese>: Japanese language text using Japanese script; TODO: require? 	<romaji>: Hepburn romanization (transliteration); TODO: in Module:Lang/data change tooltip text to 'Hepburn romanization'? <extra> and <extra2> are positional or named: |extra= and |extra2=; mixing can be problematic 	<extra> is rendered as presented preceeded with <comma><space> 	<extra2> is rendered as presented preceeded with <space> <post> is positional or named: |post= is a postscript character preceding the .. tag (after <English>) |lead=: takes one value 'yes'; renders language name same as  but also adds Hepburn:<space> ahead of the romanization; 	TODO: in Module:Lang, turnoff tooltip for transl when |lead=yes 	in the live template |lead= also adds the Help:Installing Japanese character sets link; this is not supported in this code (nihongo nor nihongo3 have this support) |group=: the group attribute in <ref group="..."> and in   ]=]  local function nihongo_foot (frame) 	local lang_module = require ('Module:Lang' .. (frame:getTitle():match ('/sandbox') or ));	-- if this module is the sandbox, use Module:lang/sandbox; Module:Lang else 	local args = require ('Module:Arguments').getArgs (frame); 	 	local english, japanese, romaji, extra, extra2 = args[1], args[2], args[3], args.extra or args[4], args.extra2 or args[5];	-- meaningful names 	args[4] = extra or args[4];													-- ensure that extra is 'positional' for use by nihongo_renderer() 	local post = args[6] or args.post; 	local group = args.group; 	local ref_name = args.ref_name 	local lead = 'yes' == args.lead;											-- make boolean  	if not (japanese or romaji) then											-- not present, return an error message 		return nihongo_error ('nihongo foot'); 	end 	if japanese then 		japanese = lead and lang_module._lang_xx_inherit ({['code']='ja', japanese}) or lang_module._lang ({'ja', japanese});	-- add ja script with/without language prefix 	end 	if romaji then 		romaji = (lead and 'Hepburn: ' or ) .. lang_module._transl ({'ja', 'hepburn', romaji}) or nil; 	end 	 	local formatting = { 		{'%s', {extra}}, 														-- 1 - extra 		{'%s', {romaji}},														-- 2 - romaji 		{'%s, %s', {romaji, extra}},											-- 3 - romaji, extra 		{'%s', {japanese}},														-- 4 - japanese 		{'%s, %s', {japanese, extra}},											-- 5 - japanese, extra 		{'%s, %s', {japanese, romaji}},											-- 6 - japanese romaji 		{'%s, %s, %s', {japanese, romaji, extra}},								-- 7 - japanese romaji, extra 																				-- from here english is used in the mapping but not rendered by nihongo_renderer so not included in the table 		{, {}},																-- 8 - english 		{'%s', {extra}},														-- 9 - extra 		{'%s', {romaji}},														-- 10 - romaji 		{'%s, %s', {romaji, extra}},											-- 11 - romaji, extra 		{'%s', {japanese}},														-- 12 - japanese 		{'%s, %s', {japanese, extra}},											-- 13 - japanese, extra 		{'%s, %s', {japanese, romaji}},											-- 14 - japanese romaji 		{'%s, %s, %s', {japanese, romaji, extra}},								-- 15 - japanese romaji, extra 		}  	if english and post then													-- rewrite english to include |post= 		english = english .. post;												-- if english has a value append post else just post 	elseif post then 		english = post;															-- english not set, use post 	elseif not english then														-- neither are set 		english = ;															-- make english an empty string for concatenation 	end  	if japanese or romaji or extra or extra2 then								-- no ref tag when none of these are set (it would be empty) 		local content = nihongo_renderer (args, formatting, extra2); 		content = content:gsub ('<5p4n>', ):gsub ('</5p4n>$', , 1);			-- strip secret  and  tags added by nihongo_renderer(); spans not used by this template  		return english .. frame:extensionTag ({name='ref', args={group=group, name=ref_name}, content=content});	-- english with attached reference tag 	else 		return english;															-- nothing to be inside ref tag so just return english 	end end  --[[--------------------------< E X P O R T E D   F U N C T I O N S >------------------------------------------ ]]  return { 	nihongo = nihongo, 	nihongo3 = nihongo3, 	nihongokrt = nihongokrt, 	nihongo_foot = nihongo_foot, 	}