n-start is the initial component in a template series for numismatic succession boxes (for currencies, and potentially for coins and banknotes). It was modelled after the Template:S-start succession boxes, and modified to deal with currency specific issues. Each succession box is intended to describe the use of a single currency, including which currencies came before and after. Hopefully, it will be possible to describe a currency in a single table. Many examples are included below to help you. For further help, or if you believe there is a situation these templates can't handle, please contact Ingrid.  এই পাতায় আলোচিত টেমপ্লেটসমূহ This template is to be used in coordination with the following: Template:n-start: opens a new Wikitable Template:n-before: for listing predecessor currencies Template:n-currency: for listing a location where this is a currency Template:n-circulates: for listing a location where this currency circulates Template:n-legaltender: for listing a location where this currency is legal tender Template:n-after: for listing successor currencies Template:n-end: for closing the Wikitable  প্রতিটি টেমপ্লেটের ব্যাখ্যা n-start This template simply starts the table. There are no parameters.  n-before, n-after These templates are for listing predecessor and successor currencies. Their parameters are similar. n-before creates a cell in the first row, and n-after creates a cell in the last row. n-after also ends the current row. The focus of the table is the middle column(s)—the currency referred to there will be called the "current currency". They have the following required parameters: <currency>: the currency used before/after the current currency. This is optional in the n-after box. If the current currency is still used, please omit this parameter. It has the following optional parameters: <rowspan>: the number of rows that this cell should span. This is useful when political situations change -- for example, when a country splits into two new countries. It is often used with <location>. <location>: in cases where the location for the current currency is not the same as the before/after location (because the name changed, or a political reorganization took place and two countries merged or split, for example), use this field to clarify which location the current currency was used in before/after. Do not try to list all locations where the before/after currency was used, only the ones that relate to the location specified in the current row. <reason>: if known, list the reason for the change, for example, becoming a colony, entering a currency union, etc. <ratio>: if known, list the exchange ratio, in the form 1 <new denomination> = 1000 <old denomination>. If the ratio is 1 to 1, use "at par". <note>: if special circumstances exist, this field can be used to explain them.  n-currency, n-circulates, n-legaltender These templates are for listing countries/regions/colonies where this is the official currency (n-currency), this currency circulates (n-circulates), or this currency has legal tender status (n-legaltender). It has the following required parameters: <location>: the location where this is a currency. If several locations have the same use of the currency (same before and after, and same dates). If a monetary union, or region is listed, please include <subareas>. <start>: the date when this currency was first used in this location. See instructions for dates below. It has the following optional parameters: <rowspan>: the number of rows that this cell should span. This is useful when political situations change -- for example, when a country splits into two new countries. It is often used with <location>. Since the row end marker "|-" is included in the n-after template, when rowspan is used, it may be necessary to add extra row end markers. <colspan>: the number of columns that this cell should span. This is useful in the special case when there are more than 3 columns (before, current, after), which can happen when a political change happens without a change in currency. <style>: if additional style information is needed for this cell, it can be included here. This can be useful for changing cell borders. <subareas>: if a monetary union or region is listed for <location>, please list the component areas here. <end>: the end date. Leave this out if the currency is still used. See instructions for dates below. <note>: if special circumstances exist, this field can be used to explain them. Instructions on dates for <start> and <end> Generally, only the year should be included. However, it is recommended that month and or day be included if the following criteria are met: The life of the currency is less than 2 years (if the start and end year are the same or one year apart). It may make sense to include more detail during periods of rapid change (e.g., hyperinflation, unstable political status). The date is in the future, or is within the past 5 years. If the <start> date is 1 January If the <end> date is 31 December If the same year occurs in several places in the same box, but the events occurred on different days (e.g., many former republics of the Soviet Union gained their independence in the same year, but on different dates.) When the complete dates are included, please follow these guidelines: Please use the form [[<month word> <day>]], [[<year>]] as in "18 January 1963" or <month word> [[<year>]] as in "January 1963".  n-end This template simply ends the table. It has no parameters.  উদাহরণ The following examples are taken from real situations, but their contents may be out of date. They are included here for illustration only and should not be assumed that their contents are correct. basic This is what a basic succession box looks like:  which was generated using this code: {{n-start}} {{n-before|currency=[[Rhodesia and Nyasaland pound]]|location=[[Rhodesia and Nyasaland]]|reason=independence|ratio=at par}} {{n-currency|location=[[Rhodesia]]|start=1964|end=1970}} {{n-after|currency=[[Rhodesian dollar]]|reason=decimalization|ratio=2 dollars = 1 pound}} {{n-end}}  basic, currently used currency This one shows how to code for a currency that is still being used:  {{n-start}} {{n-before|currency=[[বাংলাদেশী টাকা]]|ratio=at par}} {{n-currency|location=[[বাংলাদেশ]]|start=১৯৭১}} {{n-after}} {{n-end}}  split This one shows how to handle a split into several new currencies  {{n-start}} {{n-before|rowspan=3|currency=[[Southern Rhodesian pound]]|reason=creation of federation|ratio=at par}} {{n-currency|rowspan=3|location=[[Rhodesia and Nyasaland]]|start=1953|end=1964}} {{n-after|currency=[[Malawian pound]]|location=[[Malawi]]<br>(formerly [[Nyasaland]])|reason=independence|ratio=at par}} {{n-after|currency=[[Rhodesian pound]]|location=[[Rhodesia]]<br>(formerly [[Southern Rhodesia]])|reason=independence|ratio=at par}} {{n-after|currency=[[Zambian pound]]|location=[[Zambia]]<br>(formerly [[Northern Rhodesia]])|reason=independence|ratio=at par}} {{n-end}}  join, with subareas  {{n-start}} {{n-before|currency=[[Indian rupee]]|ratio=at par}} {{n-currency|location=[[East Africa]]|subareas=[[Kenya]], [[Uganda]], [[Zanzibar]]|start=1906|end=1920}} {{n-after|rowspan=2|currency=[[East African florin]]|ratio=at par}}  {{n-before|currency=[[German East African rupie]]|ratio=at par|reason=[[Treaty of Versailles]]|location=[[Burundi]], [[Rwanda]], [[Tanganyika (territory)|Tanganyika]]}} {{n-currency|location=[[Tanganyika (territory)|Tanganyika]]|start=1919|end=1920}} {{n-end}}  জটিল উদাহরণ This example shows a complex succession relationship.  {{n-start}} {{n-before|rowspan=5|currency=[[East African florin]]|ratio=2 shillings = 1 florin}} {{n-currency|rowspan=4|location=[[East Africa]]|subareas=[[Aden]], [[Kenya]], [[Tanganyika (territory)|Tanganyika]], [[Uganda]], [[Zanzibar]]|start=1921|end=1966}} {{n-after|currency=[[Kenyan shilling]]|location=[[Kenya]]|reason=independence|ratio=at par}} {{n-after|currency=[[Tanzanian shilling]]|location=[[Tanzania]]<br>(formerly [[Tanganyika (1961–1964)|Tanganyika]] and [[Zanzibar]])|reason=independence|ratio=at par}} {{n-after|currency=[[Ugandan shilling]]|location=[[Uganda]]|reason=independence|ratio=at par}} {{n-after|currency=[[Yemeni dinar]]|location=[[Aden]], [[South Yemen]]|reason=became part of [[Yemen]]|ratio=1 dinar = 20 shillings}} {{n-currency|location=[[British Somaliland]]|start=1921|end=1960}} {{n-after|currency=[[Somali shilling]]|location=[[British Somaliland]]|reason=independence as part of [[Somalia]]|ratio=at par}} {{n-before|currency=[[Somali lira]]|reason=British occupation}} {{n-currency|location=[[Italian Somaliland]]|start=1941|end=1949}} {{n-after|currency=[[Somali somalo]]|reason=return to [[Italy]]|ratio=at par}} {{n-end}} চার কলাম সংবলিত জটিল উদাহরণ This is a complex example. Note the use of "|-" to end the rows which do not contain a n-after template.  |-  |-  {{n-start}} {{n-before|location=[[Sarawak]]|currency=[[Sarawak dollar]]|reason=creation of a common Board of Commissioners of Currency}} {{n-currency|location=[[Sarawak]]|start=1953|end=1963}} {{n-currency|rowspan=4|location=[[Malaysia]]|start=1963|end=1967|note=formation of the Federation}} {{n-after|rowspan=3|currency=[[Malaysian ringgit]]|location=[[Malaysia]]|ratio=at par}}  {{n-before|location=[[British North Borneo]]|currency=[[British North Borneo dollar]]|reason=creation of a common Board of Commissioners of Currency}} {{n-currency|location=[[British North Borneo]]|start=1953|end=1963}} |-  {{n-before|rowspan=3|currency=[[Malayan dollar]]|reason=creation of a common Board of Commissioners of Currency}} {{n-currency|location=[[Federation of Malaya|Malaya]]|start=1953|end=1963}} |-  {{n-currency|location=[[Singapore]]|start=1953|end=1963}} {{n-after|currency=[[Singapore dollar]]|location=[[Singapore]]|ratio=at par|reason=independence}}  {{n-currency|colspan=2|location=[[Brunei]]|start=1953|end=1967}} {{n-after|currency=[[Brunei dollar]]|location=[[Brunei]]|ratio=at par|reason=currency agreement}} {{n-end}}  complex example with "empty" row This example illustrates a workaround to the way that HTML handles rowspans. In this example, the fourth row does not have any contents that are not also part of another row. In an HTML (and therefore also wiki) table, that means that the fourth row would have a height of 1 pixel. Notice how style="height:40px" was added to the end of the third row (and thus the beginning of the fourth row, since the n-after template contains the row start marker).  style="height:40px"  |-  {{n-start}} {{n-before|rowspan=6|currency=[[Indian rupee]]|ratio=at par|reason=creation of new currency for use outside of [[India]]}} {{n-currency|location=[[Kuwait]]|start=1959|end=1961}} {{n-after|currency=[[Kuwaiti dinar]]|ratio=1 dinar = 13 1/3 rupees}} {{n-currency|location=[[Bahrain]]|start=1959|end=1965}} {{n-after|currency=[[Bahraini dinar]]|ratio=1 dinar = 10 rupees}} {{n-currency|location=[[Qatar]]|start=1959|end=1966}} {{n-after|rowspan=2|currency=[[Saudi riyal]]|reason=devaluation of the Gulf rupee before delivery of replacement|location=[[Qatar]] and [[Trucial States]] except [[Abu Dhabi]]|ratio=106.5 rupees = 100 riyals}}style="height:40px" {{n-currency|rowspan=2|location=[[Trucial States]]|start=1959|end=1966}} |- {{n-after|currency=[[Bahraini dinar]]|reason=devaluation of the Gulf rupee before delivery of replacement|location=[[Abu Dhabi]]|ratio=1 dinar = 10 rupees}} {{n-currency|location=[[Muscat and Oman]]|start=1959|end=1970}} {{n-after|currency=[[Omani rial]]|ratio=1 rial = 13 1/3 rupees}} {{n-end}}