Wisconsin Administrative Code › Department of Safety and Professional Services › SPS 301-399 - Safety, Buildings, and Environment › SPS 320-325 - Uniform Dwelling Code › Chapter SPS 321 - Construction Standards › Subchapter XI - Installation of Manufactured Homes › Section SPS 321.40 - Installation standards

Current through June 24, 2024
(1) PRODUCED ON OR AFTER APRIL 1, 2007.
(a)
Adoption of standards.
The federal
Model Manufactured Home Installation Standards
, 24
					 CFR part 3285 , as in effect on December 1, 2014, is hereby incorporated by
					 reference into this chapter.
Note:
A copy of this edition of 24 CFR 3285
						is on file in the offices of the Department and the Legislative Reference
						Bureau. Copies of 24 CFR 3285 are available at
http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/granule/CFR2013title24vol5/CFR2013title24vol5part3285
.
Note:
Section
						24 CFR
						3285.1(a)(1) reads as
						follows: "States that choose to operate an installation program for
						manufactured homes in lieu of the federal program must implement installation
						standards that provide protection to its residents that equals or exceeds the
						protection provided by these Model Installation Standards."
(b)
Compliance.
1. A manufactured home produced on or after
					 April 1, 2007, shall be installed in accordance with 24 CFR part 3285 except as
					 otherwise provided by this subsection.
Note:
As provided under
						24 CFR
						3285.1(a) (intro.), "The
						manufacturer's installation instructions, including specific methods for
						performing a specific operation or assembly, will be deemed to comply with
						these Model Installation Standards, provided they meet or exceed the minimum
						requirements of these Model Installation Standards and do not take the home out
						of compliance with the Manufactured Home Construction and Safety Standards ( 24
						CFR part 3280)."
2. If a
					 requirement of this code applies to a manufactured home or to an attachment to
					 a manufactured home, the manufactured home owner shall comply with that
					 requirement. If the manufactured home is located in a manufactured home
					 community, the manufactured home community operator is not responsible for
					 compliance with that requirement unless the manufactured home community
					 operator is the manufactured home owner.
(c)
Additional
					 definitions.
These are department definitions in addition to the
					 definitions in
					 24
					 CFR 3285.5:
1. "Department" means the department of
					 safety and professional services.
2. "HUD" means the federal department of
					 housing and urban development.
2m.
					 "Manufactured home owner" has the meaning given in s.
					 101.652(1)
					 (d), Stats.
Note:
Section
						101.652(1)(d),
						Stats. reads as follows: "Manufactured home owner" does not include a person
						that leases a manufactured home from another.
3. "Manufactured home section" means a
					 portion of a manufactured home which when installed does not provide all the
					 facilities for year-round residential occupancy.
4. "Manufactured home unit" means a complete
					 manufactured home which when installed provides all the facilities for
					 year-round residential occupancy.
(d)
Substituted
					 definitions.
Substitute the following definitions and informational
					 note for the corresponding definitions in 24 CRF 3285.5:
1. "Approved" means acceptable to the
					 department.
2. "Base flood
					 elevation" means the elevation of the base flood, including wave height,
					 relative to the datum specified on a county's flood hazard map.
3. "Flood hazard area" means the greater of
					 either of the following:
a. The special flood
					 hazard area shown on the flood insurance rate map.
b. The area subject to flooding during the
					 design flood and shown on a county's flood hazard map, or otherwise legally
					 designated.
4. "Flood
					 hazard map" means a map delineating the flood hazard area and adopted by a
					 county.
5. "Local authority having
					 jurisdiction (LAHJ)" means the department; except where it is used in
					 conjunction with "flood hazard map," in which case it means the
					 county.
6. "Manufactured home" has
					 the meaning given in s.
					 101.91(2),
					 Stats.
Note:
Section
						101.91(2)
						of the Statutes is reprinted in a Note under s.
						SPS
						320.07(52m).
(e)
Fire
					 separation.
Substitute the following wording for the requirements in
					 24 CFR 3285.101:
					 Fire separation distances shall be provided in accordance with the distances
					 specified in s.
					 SPS
					 326.12.
(f)
Flood hazard.
Substitute
					 the following wording and informational note for the requirements in
					 24 CFR
					 3285.102(c): Prior to the
					 initial installation of a new manufactured home, the owner or permit applicant
					 is responsible to determine whether the home site lies wholly or partly within
					 a special flood hazard area as shown on the county's flood insurance rate map,
					 flood boundary and floodway map, or flood hazard boundary map. If so located,
					 the map and supporting studies adopted by the county may be used to determine
					 the flood hazard zone and base flood elevation at the site.
Note:
The department of natural resources
						and the federal emergency management agency may also have regulations that
						apply to construction in flood hazard areas.
(g)
Wind loads.
This is a
					 department informational note to be used under
					 24 CFR
					 3285.103(a):
Note:
The HUD-required wind loads for
						Wisconsin, Zone 1, are not less than 15 psf horizontal and not less than 9 psf
						uplift.
(h)
Roof
					 loads.
This is a department informational note to be used under
					 24 CFR
					 3285.103(b):
Note:
See ch. SPS 325 Appendix A for a
						reprint of HUD's roof-load zone map.
(i)
Thermal zone.
This is a
					 department informational note to be used under
					 24 CFR
					 3285.103(c):
Note:
The HUD-required thermal zone for
						Wisconsin is Zone 3, for an overall maximum coefficient of heat transmission
						not to exceed 0.079 Btu/(hr.)(sq. ft.)(°F).
(j)
Soil test.
This is a
					 department requirement in addition to the requirements in
					 24 CFR
					 3285.202(a): Where a
					 community-wide soil test does not exist and a soil test is required by this
					 chapter, such as for a proposed frost-free-foundation design, the test shall be
					 conducted to determine the soils in the entire community rather than at an
					 individual site.
(k)
Footings and foundations.
This is a department requirement in
					 addition to the requirements in
					 24 CFR
					 3285.301: Footings and foundations may be
					 designed in accordance with subchs. IV and V, which include a frost depth of at
					 least 48 inches.
(l)
Caps.
Substitute the following wording for the requirements in
					 24 CFR
					 3285.304(b)(2): A
					 combination of up to two 4-inch-thick solid-concrete blocks and no more than
					 one 2-inch-thick piece of hardwood lumber shall be permitted as cap material.
					 Lumber used as cap and gap filler material may be of 2-inch nominal lumber at
					 least equal to No. 2 spruce/pine/fir having a minimum fiber bending stress
					 rating of 1200 psi. All lumber used as cap and gap filler shall be the same
					 species of wood. Lumber used to fill a gap in the pier may only be placed at
					 the top of the pier.
(m)
Gaps.
This is a department informational note to be used under
					 24 CFR
					 3285.304(c)(1):
Note:
See lumber specifications under par.
						(L).
(n)
Additional
					 blocking.
Substitute the following wording for the requirements in
					 24 CFR
					 3285.304(c)(3): If a pier is
					 provided with a cap block of 4-inch concrete or 2-inch lumber, another 4-inch
					 concrete block may be placed anywhere in the pier but may not be placed
					 directly upon the footing.
(o)
Illustration.
This is a department figure to be used under
					 24 CFR
					 3285.304:
Click to
						view image
(p)
Footings and foundations.
This is a department requirement in
					 addition to the requirements in
					 24 CFR
					 3285.312: Footings and foundations may be
					 designed in accordance with any of the following:
1. Subchs. IV and V.
2. The department-approved slab design that
					 is shown in the figure and limitations at the end of this paragraph.
3. Other proprietary designs approved by the
					 department.
Click to
						view image
Limitations:
1.
					 Minimum 3,000 psi concrete. [24 CFR
					 3285.312(a)(1)(ii)]
2. Rebar and mesh at least grade
					 40.
3. Soil bearing capacity at
					 least 2,000 psf. [SPS 321.40 (2) (b) 2.]
4. Placed on undisturbed soil. May not be
					 placed on unprepared fill material, organic soil, alluvial soil, mud, or frozen
					 soil. [SPS 321.40 (2) (b) 1. and
					 24 CFR
					 3285.312(a)]
5. 8 to 10" of clean, graded sand, gravel, or
					 crushed stone base in clay soils. [SPS 321.20 (2) with added thickness to
					 resist frost.] Compaction of sand, etc., should be 95% of modified
					 Proctor.
6. 6 mil vapor retarder
					 overlapped 12 inches and sealed. [24 CFR
					 3285.204]
7. Maximum pier spacing of 7 feet with max.
					 load per pier of 5,300 lbs. when placed on 6" thick slab. [SPS 321.40 (2) (b)
					 10. and
					 24 CFR
					 3285.310]
8. Maximum load per pier of 11,900 lbs. at
					 mating line when centered on the 20" W. X 10" D. thickened slab, Section B-B,
					 reinforced with 2 - #4 bars. Individual pier footings at mating line meeting
					 sizing requirements in 24 CFR 3285 Table to 3285.312 may be used in lieu of
					 continuous thickened slab. [24 CFR
					 3285.312(c)]
9. Site shall drain away from the home per
					 SPS 321.12. Ensure
					 drainage of sand fill zone so that any clay does not cause water to pool under
					 the slab.
10. The water table may
					 not be above the frost penetration depth, i.e. at least 4 feet below grade.
					 [SPS 321.16 (1) (a)]
11. Saw cut
					 joints in slab so that sections are approximately square. (Example: 16' by 76'
					 slab = 4 segments.)
(q)
Anchors and tie-down straps.
This is a department requirement
					 in addition to the requirements in
					 24 CFR 3285.402(b)(1)
					 and (2): Ground anchors and tie-down straps
					 may be of painted steel to provide the weather-deterioration protection
					 required by this section.
(r)
Severe climate.
Substitute the following wording for the
					 requirements in
					 24 CFR
					 3285.404: In frost-susceptible soil
					 locations, ground-anchor augers shall be installed to the design depth of the
					 anchor but not less than 30 inches, unless the foundation system is
					 frost-protected to prevent the effects of frost heave, in accordance with
					 acceptable engineering practice and ss.
					 24 CFR
					 3280.306 and
					 3285.312.
(s)
Ventilation openings.
Substitute the following wording for the requirements in
					 24 CFR
					 3285.505(d): Ventilation
					 openings shall be covered for their full height and width with a perforated
					 corrosion- and weather-resistant covering that is designed to prevent entry of
					 rodents.
(t)
Plumbing.
This is a department informational note to be used
					 under
					 24 CFR 3285.601:
Note:
The Department's rules relating to
						registration and licensing of plumbers are in ch. SPS 305. The Department's
						rules relating to pipe supports; pitch of sanitary drainage piping, storm water
						or clear water piping, and water supply piping; and plumbing specific to
						manufactured homes and manufactured home communities are in chapter
						SPS 382.
(u)
Access for a
					 transporter.
Substitute the following wording for the recommended
					 requirements in
					 24 CFR
					 3285.902(a): Before
					 attempting to move a home, ensure that the transportation equipment and home
					 can be routed to the installation site and that all special transportation
					 permits required by the department of transportation have been
					 obtained.
(v)
Drainage
					 structures.
Substitute the following wording for the recommended
					 requirements in
					 24 CFR
					 3285.902(b): The use of
					 ditches and culverts to drain surface runoff is subject to local and state
					 regulations and shall be included and considered in the overall site
					 preparation.
(w)
Local
					 permits.
Substitute the following wording and informational note for
					 the recommended requirements in
					 24 CFR
					 3285.903(a): All locally
					 required permits shall be obtained and all corresponding fees shall be paid.
Note:
See s.
						SPS
						320.08 for the Department's requirements for obtaining
						a Wisconsin uniform building permit prior to each
						installation.
(x)
Local plan approval.
Substitute the following wording for the
					 recommended requirements in
					 24 CFR
					 3285.903(b): Prior to
					 alteration of a home's pier blocking, the local municipality shall be contacted
					 to determine if plan approval and permits are required.
(y)
Accessory buildings and
					 structures.
Substitute the following wording for the recommended
					 requirements in
					 24 CFR
					 3285.903(c): Each accessory
					 building and structure is designed to support all of its own live and dead
					 loads, unless the structure, including any attached garage, carport, deck, or
					 porch, is attached to the manufactured home and is otherwise included in the
					 installation instructions.
(z)
Contacting the utility providers.
Substitute the following
					 wording for the recommended requirements in
					 24 CFR
					 3285.904(a): The utility
					 providers shall be consulted before connecting the manufactured home to any
					 utilities.
(za)
Conversion
					 of gas appliances.
Substitute the following wording for the
					 recommended requirements in
					 24 CFR
					 3285.904(d)(1): A service
					 person acceptable to the utility provider shall convert the appliance from one
					 type of gas to another, following instructions by the manufacturer of each
					 appliance.
(zb)
Gas
					 appliance startup procedures.
Substitute the following wording for the
					 recommended requirements in
					 24 CFR
					 3285.904(d)(4) (intro.):
					 When required by the utility provider, the installer shall perform the
					 following procedures:
(zc)
Heating oil systems.
T his is a department informational note
					 to be used under
					 24 CFR
					 3285.905:
Note:
See ch. ATCP 93 for additional
						requirements relating to installation of heating oil
						systems.