Washington Administrative Code › Title 51 - Enterprise Services, Department of (Building Code Council) › Chapter 51-11C - State Building Code adoption and amendment of the 2021 edition of the International Energy Conservation Code, Commercial › Section 51-11C-610337 - Section A103.3.7-Concrete and masonry walls

Current through Register Vol. 24-14, July 15, 2024
A103.3.7 Concrete and masonry walls.
A103.3.7.1 Concrete masonry walls.
The nominal
				R-values in Table A103.3.7.1 may be used for purposes of calculating concrete
				masonry wall section U-factors in lieu of the ASHRAE isothermal planes
				calculation method as provided in Chapter 27 of the ASHRAE Fundamentals
				Handbook.
Table A103.3.7.1 Default U-factors for Concrete and
				Masonry Walls
8" Concrete masonry
Wall Description
CORE TREATMENT
Partial Grout with Ungrouted Cores
Solid Grout
Empty
Loose-fill insulated
Perlite
Vermiculite
Exposed Block, Both Sides
0.40
0.23
0.24
0.43
R-5 Interior Insulation, Wood Furring
0.14
0.11
0.12
0.15
R-6 Interior Insulation, Wood Furring
0.14
0.11
0.11
0.14
R-10.5 Interior Insulation, Wood Furring
0.11
0.09
0.09
0.11
R-8 Interior Insulation, Metal Clips
0.11
0.09
0.09
0.11
R-6 Exterior Insulation
0.12
0.10
0.10
0.12
R-10 Exterior Insulation
0.08
0.07
0.07
0.08
R-9.5 Rigid Polystyrene Integral Insulation,
						Two Webbed Block
0.11
0.09
0.09
0.12
12" Concrete masonry
Wall Description
CORE TREATMENT
Partial Grout with Ungrouted
						Cores
Solid Grout
Empty
Loose-fill insulated
Perlite
Vermiculite
Exposed Block, Both Sides
0.35
0.17
0.18
0.33
R-5 Interior Insulation, Wood Furring
0.14
0.10
0.10
0.13
R-6 Interior Insulation, Wood Furring
0.13
0.09
0.10
0.13
R-10.5 Interior Insulation, Wood Furring
0.11
0.08
0.08
0.10
R-8 Interior Insulation, Metal Clips
0.10
0.08
0.08
0.09
R-6 Exterior Insulation
0.11
0.09
0.09
0.11
R-10 Exterior Insulation
0.08
0.06
0.06
0.08
R-9.5 Rigid Polystyrene Integral Insulation,
						Two Webbed Block
0.11
0.08
0.09
0.12
8" Clay brick
Wall Description
CORE TREATMENT
Partial Grout with Ungrouted
						Cores
Solid Grout
Empty
Loose-fill insulated
Perlite
Vermiculite
Exposed Block, Both Sides
0.50
0.31
0.32
0.56
R-5 Interior Insulation, Wood Furring
0.15
0.13
0.13
0.16
R-6 Interior Insulation, Wood Furring
0.15
0.12
0.12
0.15
R-10.5 Interior Insulation, Wood Furring
0.12
0.10
0.10
0.12
R-8 Interior Insulation, Metal Clips
0.11
0.10
0.10
0.11
R-6 Exterior Insulation
0.12
0.11
0.11
0.13
R-10 Exterior Insulation
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.09
6-Inch Concrete Poured or Precast
Wall Description
CORE TREATMENT
Partial Grout with Ungrouted
						Cores
Solid Grout
Empty
Loose-fill insulated
Perlite
Vermiculite
Exposed Concrete, Both Sides
NA
NA
NA
0.61
R-5 Interior Insulation, Wood Furring
NA
NA
NA
0.16
R-6 Interior Insulation, Wood Furring
NA
NA
NA
0.15
R-10.5 Interior Insulation, Wood Furring
NA
NA
NA
0.12
R-8 Interior Insulation, Metal Clips
NA
NA
NA
0.12
R-6 Exterior Insulation
NA
NA
NA
0.13
R-10 Exterior Insulation
NA
NA
NA
0.09
Notes :
1. Grouted cores at 40" x 48" on center
			 vertically and horizontally in partial grouted walls.
2. Interior insulation values include 1/2"
			 gypsum board on the inner surface.
3. Furring and stud spacing is 16" on center.
			 Insulation is assumed to fill furring space and is not compressed.
4. Intermediate values may be interpolated
			 using this table. Values not contained in this table may be computed using the
			 procedures listed in the ASHRAE Fundamentals Handbook.
5. Concrete masonry unit (CMU) assembly
			 U-values are based on local test data for Washington state CMU block material
			 using the ASTM C-236-87 steady state thermal conductance test. Tests included
			 an 8"x8"x16" CMU with all cells filled with vermiculite (1995) and 8"x8"x16"
			 CMU with all cells filled with polymaster foam in place insulation (1996).
			 Refer to ASHRAE Standard 90.1 for additional nationally recognized data on the
			 thermal performance of CMU block walls.
Table A103.3.7.1(2)
Default U-Factors for Concrete and Masonry
				Wallsa,b,c,d
Framing Type and Depth
Rated R-value of Insulation
						Alone
Assembly U-factors for Solid Concrete
						Walls
Assembly U-factors for Concrete Block
						Walls : Solid Grouted
Assembly U-factors for Concrete Block
						Walls: Partially Grouted (Cores Uninsulated Except Where Specified)
Base Wall only
No Framing
R-0
U-0.740
U-0.580
U-0.480
Ungrouted Cores Filled with Loose-Fill
						Insulation
N.A.
N.A.
U-0.350
Continuous Wood Framing
0.75 in.
R-3.0
U-0.247
U-0.226
U-0.210
1.5 in.
R-6.0
U-0.160
U-0.151
U-0.143
2.0 in.
R-10.0
U-0.116
U-0.111
U-0.107
3.5 in.
R-11.0
U-0.094
U-0.091
U-0.088
3.5 in.
R-13.0
U-0.085
U-0.083
U-0.080
3.5 in.
R-15.0
U-0.079
U-0.077
U-0.075
5.5 in.
R-19.0
U-0.060
U-0.059
U-0.058
5.5 in.
R-21.0
U-0.057
U-0.055
U-0.054
Continuous Metal Framing at 24 in. on center
						horizontally
1.0 in.
R-0.0
U-0.414
U-0.359
U-0.318
1.0 in.
R-3.8
U-0.325
U-0.290
U-0.263
1.0 in.
R-5.0
U-0.314
U-0.281
U-0.255
1.0 in.
R-6.5
U-0.305
U-0.274
U-0.249
1.5 in.
R-11.0
U-0.267
U-0.243
U-0.223
2.0 in.
R-7.6
U-0.230
U-0.212
U-0.197
2.0 in.
R-10.0
U-0.219
U-0.202
U-0.188
2.0 in.
R-13.0
U-0.210
U-0.195
U-0.182
3.0 in.
R-11.4
U-0.178
U-0.167
U-0.157
3.0 in.
R-15.0
U-0.168
U-0.158
U-0.149
3.0 in.
R-19.0
U-0.161
U-0.152
U-0.144
3.5 in.
R-11.0
U-0.168
U-0.158
U-0.149
3.5 in.
R-13.0
U-0.161
U-0.152
U-0.144
3.5 in.
R-15.0
U-0.155
U-0.147
U-0.140
4.5 in.
R-17.1
U-0.133
U-0.126
U-0.121
4.5 in.
R-22.5
U-0.124
U-0.119
U-0.114
4.5 in.
R-25.2
U-0.122
U-0.116
U-0.112
5.0 in.
R-19.0
U-0.122
U-0.117
U-0.112
5.0 in.
R-25.0
U-0.115
U-0.110
U-0.106
5.0 in.
R-28.0
U-0.112
U-0.107
U-0.103
5.0 in.
R-32.0
U-0.109
U-0.105
U-0.101
5.5 in.
R-19.0
U-0.118
U-0.113
U-0.109
5.5 in.
R-20.9
U-0.114
U-0.109
U-0.105
5.5 in.
R-21.0
U-0.113
U-0.109
U-0.105
5.5 in.
R-27.5
U-0.106
U-0.102
U-0.099
5.5 in.
R-30.8
U-0.104
U-0.100
U-0.096
6.0 in.
R-22.8
U-0.106
U-0.102
U-0.098
6.0 in.
R-30.0
U-0.099
U-0.095
U-0.092
6.0 in.
R-33.6
U-0.096
U-0.093
U-0.090
6.5 in.
R-24.7
U-0.099
U-0.096
U-0.092
7.0 in.
R-26.6
U-0.093
U-0.090
U-0.087
7.5 in.
R-28.5
U-0.088
U-0.085
U-0.083
8.0 in.
R-30.4
U-0.083
U-0.081
U-0.079
1 in. Metal Clips at 24 in. on center
						horizontally and 16 in. vertically (also, where allowed by Section C402.1.3,
						for assemblies with a ratio of metal penetration area/mass wall area of <
						0.0004 or < 0.04% of the mass wall area) See ASHRAE Fundamentals for
						determination of U-factors for assemblies that include metal other than screws
						and nails.
1.0 in.
R-3.8
U-0.210
U-0.195
U-0.182
1.0 in.
R-5.0
U-0.184
U-0.172
U-0.162
1.0 in.
R-5.6
U-0.174
U-0.163
U-0.154
1.5 in.
R-5.7
U-0.160
U-0.151
U-0.143
1.5 in.
R-7.5
U-0.138
U-0.131
U-0.125
1.5 in.
R-8.4
U-0.129
U-0.123
U-0.118
2.0 in.
R-7.6
U-0.129
U-0.123
U-0.118
2.0 in.
R-10.0
U-0.110
U-0.106
U-0.102
2.0 in.
R-11.2
U-0.103
U-0.099
U-0.096
2.5 in.
R-9.5
U-0.109
U-0.104
U-0.101
2.5 in.
R-12.5
U-0.092
U-0.089
U-0.086
2.5 in.
R-14.0
U-0.086
U-0.083
U-0.080
3.0 in.
R-11.4
U-0.094
U-0.090
U-0.088
3.0 in.
R-15.0
U-0.078
U-0.076
U-0.074
3.0 in.
R-16.8
U-0.073
U-0.071
U-0.069
3.5 in.
R-13.3
U-0.082
U-0.080
U-0.077
3.5 in.
R-17.5
U-0.069
U-0.067
U-0.065
3.5 in.
R-19.6
U-0.064
U-0.062
U-0.061
4.0 in.
R-15.2
U-0.073
U-0.071
U-0.070
4.0 in.
R-20.0
U-0.061
U-0.060
U-0.058
4.0 in.
R-22.4
U-0.057
U-0.056
U-0.054
5.0 in.
R-28.0
U-0.046
U-0.046
U-0.045
6.0 in.
R-33.6
U-0.039
U-0.039
U-0.038
7.0 in.
R-39.2
U-0.034
U-0.034
U-0.033
8.0 in.
R-44.8
U-0.030
U-0.030
U-0.029
9.0 in.
R-50.4
U-0.027
U-0.027
U-0.026
10 in.
R-56.0
U-0.024
U-0.024
U-0.024
11 in.
R-61.6
U-0.022
U-0.022
U-0.022
Continuous Insulation Uninterrupted by Framing
No Framing
R-1.0
U-0.425
U-0.367
U-0.324
R-2.0
U-0.298
U-0.269
U-0.245
R-3.0
U-0.230
U-0.212
U-0.197
R-4.0
U-0.187
U-0.175
U-0.164
R-5.0
U-0.157
U-0.149
U-0.141
No Framing
R-6.0
U-0.136
U-0.129
U-0.124
R-7.0
U-0.120
U-0.115
U-0.110
R-8.0
U-0.107
U-0.103
U-0.099
R-9.0
U-0.097
U-0.093
U-0.090
R-10.0
U-0.088
U-0.085
U-0.083
No Framing
R-11.0
U-0.081
U-0.079
U-0.076
R-12.0
U-0.075
U-0.073
U-0.071
R-13.0
U-0.070
U-0.068
U-0.066
R-14.0
U-0.065
U-0.064
U-0.062
R-15.0
U-0.061
U-0.060
U-0.059
No Framing
R-16.0
U-0.058
U-0.056
U-0.055
R-17.0
U-0.054
U-0.053
U-0.052
R-18.0
U-0.052
U-0.051
U-0.050
R-19.0
U-0.049
U-0.048
U-0.047
R-20.0
U-0.047
U-0.046
U-0.045
No Framing
R-21.0
U-0.045
U-0.044
U-0.043
R-22.0
U-0.043
U-0.042
U-0.042
R-23.0
U-0.041
U-0.040
U-0.040
R-24.0
U-0.039
U-0.039
U-0.038
R-25.0
U-0.038
U-0.037
U-0.037
No Framing
R-30.0
U-0.032
U-0.032
U-0.031
R-35.0
U-0.028
U-0.027
U-0.027
R-40.0
U-0.024
U-0.024
U-0.024
R-45.0
U-0.022
U-0.021
U-0.021
R-50.0
U-0.019
U-0.019
U-0.019
R-55.0
U-0.018
U-0.018
U-0.018
R-60.0
U-0.016
U-0.016
U-0.016
Brick cavity wall with continuous
						insulation
No Framing
R-0.0
U-0.337
U-0.299
U-0.270
No Framing
R-3.8
U-0.148
U-0.140
U-0.133
No Framing
R-5.0
U-0.125
U-0.120
U-0.115
No Framing
R-6.5
U-0.106
U-0.102
U-0.098
No Framing
R-7.6
U-0.095
U-0.091
U-0.088
No Framing
R-10.0
U-0.077
U-0.075
U-0.073
No Framing
R-10.5
U-0.079
U-0.077
U-0.075
No Framing
R-11.4
U-0.070
U-0.068
U-0.066
No Framing
R-15.0
U-0.056
U-0.055
U-0.053
No Framing
R-16.5
U-0.054
U-0.053
U-0.052
No Framing
R-19.0
U-0.046
U-0.045
U-0.044
No Framing
R-22.5
U-0.041
U-0.040
U-0.039
No Framing
R-28.5
U-0.033
U-0.032
U-0.032
Continuous Insulation Uninterrupted by Framing
						with Stucco and Continuous Metal Framing at 24 in. on center horizontally
1.0 in.
R-0.0 + R-19 c.i.
U-0.047
U-0.046
U-0.045
1.0 in.
R-3.8 + R-19 c.i.
U-0.045
U-0.044
U-0.044
1.0 in.
R-5.0 + R-19 c.i.
U-0.045
U-0.044
U-0.043
1.0 in.
R-6.5 + R-19 c.i.
U-0.045
U-0.044
U-0.043
1.5 in.
R-11.0 + R-19 c.i.
U-0.044
U-0.043
U-0.043
2.0 in.
R-7.6 + R-19 c.i.
U-0.043
U-0.042
U-0.041
2.0 in.
R-10.0 + R-19 c.i.
U-0.042
U-0.041
U-0.041
2.0 in.
R-13.0 + R-19 c.i.
U-0.042
U-0.041
U-0.041
3.0 in.
R-11.4 + R-19 c.i.
U-0.041
U-0.040
U-0.039
3.0 in.
R-15.0 + R-19 c.i.
U-0.040
U-0.039
U-0.039
3.0 in.
R-19.0 + R-19 c.i.
U-0.040
U-0.039
U-0.038
3.5 in.
R-11.0 + R-19 c.i.
U-0.040
U-0.039
U-0.039
3.5 in.
R-13.0 + R-19 c.i.
U-0.040
U-0.039
U-0.038
5.0 in.
R-19.0 + R-19 c.i.
U-0.037
U-0.036
U-0.036
5.0 in.
R-25.0 + R-19 c.i.
U-0.036
U-0.035
U-0.035
5.0 in.
R-32.5 + R-19 c.i.
U-0.035
U-0.035
U-0.034
5.5 in.
R-19.0 + R-19 c.i.
U-0.036
U-0.036
U-0.035
5.5 in.
R-21.0 + R-19 c.i.
U-0.035
U-0.035
U-0.035
Note for Default Table A103.3.7.1(2):
a.
It is acceptable to use the U-factors in Table
						A103.3.7.1(2) for all concrete and masonry walls, provided that the grouting is
						equal to or less than that specified.
- For ungrouted walls, use the partially grouted
						column.
- For metal studs and z-furring, use the
						continuous-metal-framing category.
- For discontinuous metal clips 1 inch square or smaller,
						use the metal-clip category.
- For insulation that is attached without any framing
						members (e.g. glued), use the continuous-insulation uninterrupted-by-framing
						category. Continuous insulation may be installed on the interior or exterior of
						masonry walls, or between stand-alone walls in multilayer masonry walls, or on
						the interior or exterior of the concrete.
b.
For Table A103.3.7.1(2), the U-factor includes
						R-0.17 for exterior air film and R-0.68 for interior air film-vertical
						surfaces. For insulated walls, the U-factor also includes R-0.45 for 0.5 in.
						gypsum board. U-factors are provided for the following configurations:
(1) Concrete wall: 8-in. normal weight concrete wall
						  with a density of 145 lb/ft3.
(2) Solid grouted concrete block wall: 8-in. medium
						  weight ASTM C90 concrete block with a density of 115
						  lb/ft3 and solid grouted cores.
(3) Partially grouted concrete block wall: 8-in. medium
						  weight ASTM C90 concrete block with a density of 115
						  lb/ft3 having reinforcing steel every 32 in.
						  vertically and every 48 in. horizontally, with cores grouted in those areas
						  only. Other cores are filled with insulating material only if there is no other
						  insulation.
c.
For walls with insulation contained in a
						framing layer, the U-factors in Table A103.3.7.1(2) assume contact (and thermal
						bridging) between the mass wall and other framing. For wall assemblies with
						multiple layers where the wood or metal framing layer does not contact the
						concrete or masonry layer (i.e., walls with an airspace between the stud wall
						layer and the mass wall layer), it is acceptable to use the appropriate wood or
						metal frame wall default U-factors in Tables A103.3.1 or A103.3.6.1. Note: It
						is acceptable to use this approach where the insulation extends beyond the
						framing and is in contact with the mass wall layer (e.g. a nominal four-inch
						metal stud containing insulation that is nominally six inches thick and
						therefore extends two inches beyond the back of the metal stud).
d.
Except for wall assemblies qualifying for note
						3, if not taken from Table A103.3.7.1(2), mass wall U-factors shall be
						determined in accordance with ASHRAE 90.1, Appendix A, Section A3.1 and Tables
						A3.1A to A3.1D, or Section A9.4.
A103.3.7.2 Peripheral edges of intermediate concrete
				floors.
See Table A103.3.7.2.
Table A103.3.7.2
Default U-factors for Peripheral Edges of Intermediate
				Concrete Floorsa,b,c
Slab Edge Treatment
Average Thickness of Wall above and
						below
6 inches
8 inches
10 inches
12 inches
Exposed Concrete
0.816
0.741
0.678
0.625
R-5 Exterior Insulation
0.161
0.157
0.154
0.152
R-6 Exterior Insulation
0.138
0.136
0.134
0.132
R-7 Exterior Insulation
0.122
0.120
0.118
0.116
R-8 Exterior Insulation
0.108
0.107
0.106
0.104
R-9 Exterior Insulation
0.098
0.097
0.095
0.094
R-10 Exterior Insulation
0.089
0.088
0.087
0.086
R-11 Exterior Insulation
0.082
0.081
0.080
0.079
R-12 Exterior Insulation
0.076
0.075
0.074
0.074
R-13 Exterior Insulation
0.070
0.070
0.069
0.068
R-14 Exterior Insulation
0.066
0.065
0.065
0.064
R-15 Exterior Insulation
0.062
0.061
0.061
0.060
Note for Table A103.3.7.2:
a.
Exterior insulation values listed above are
						continuous R-values on the exterior side of the concrete floor.
b.
For conditions with an exterior wall above the
						peripheral edge of intermediate concrete floor but with no wall below the
						intermediate concrete floor this table may be used as long as the code minimum
						insulation is applied to the floor slab below the concrete floor.
c.
Typical conditions where conditioned space
						building envelope wall thermal insulation values are broken concrete floors
						include, but are not limited to, the following examples:
1. Elevator hoistway shafts that serve the conditioned
						building and pass through unconditioned floors such as parking garage
						levels;
2. Stairwell enclosures that serve the conditioned
						building and pass through unconditioned floors such as parking garage
						levels;
3. Walls between interior and exterior building envelope
						that separate the interior conditioned space from an exterior courtyard or
						roofdeck;
4. Walls between interior and exterior building envelope
						that separate the interior conditioned space from an exterior unconditioned
						space on parking garage levels.
Statutory Authority:
				  RCW
				    19.27A.020,
				  19.27A.025 and
				  chapters
				  19.27 and
				  34.05 RCW. 13-04-056, §
				  51-11C-610337, filed 2/1/13, effective
				  7/1/13.