reglab/statecodes huggingface dataset:
Washington Administrative Code › Title 296 - Labor and Industries, Department of › Chapter 296-54 - Safety standards-Logging operations › Section 296-54-547 - Rigging - General

Current through Register Vol. 24-14, July 15, 2024
(1) Rigging
			 must be arranged and operated so that rigging and loads will not foul or saw
			 against lines, straps, blocks, or other equipment or material.
(2) When not in use, rigging must be stored
			 so that it does not present a hazard to employees.
(3) Tongs, grapples, logs and materials must
			 not be swung or suspended over employees.
(4) All employees must be in the clear of
			 running lines, standing skylines, moving rigging, or suspended loads until the
			 rigging or loads have completely stopped.
(5) Riding on a turn of logs or rigging is
			 prohibited, except on the passline. Holding on to moving rigging or chokers to
			 be pulled uphill is prohibited.
Statutory Authority:
				  RCW
				  49.17.010, [49.17].040 and[49.17].050 .
				  99-17-117, § 296-54-547, filed 8/18/99, effective 12/1/99. Statutory
				  Authority:
				  RCW
				  49.17.040,
				  49.17.150 and
				  49.17.240. 79-10-081 (Order
				  79-14), § 296-54-547, filed
				  9/21/79.
Washington Administrative Code › Title 296 - Labor and Industries, Department of › Chapter 296-54 - Safety standards-Logging operations › Section 296-54-54710 - Rigging - Inspection

Current through Register Vol. 24-14, July 15, 2024
(1) An
			 authorized, qualified person must thoroughly inspect all blocks, straps,
			 guylines, butt rigging, and other rigging before they are used.
(2) The inspections must include examining
			 for:
(a) Damaged, cracked, or worn
			 parts;
(b) Loose nuts and
			 bolts;
(c) Need for lubrication;
			 and
(d) The condition of straps and
			 guylines.
Washington Administrative Code › Title 296 - Labor and Industries, Department of › Chapter 296-54 - Safety standards-Logging operations › Section 296-54-54720 - Rigging - Molles

Current through Register Vol. 24-14, July 15, 2024
(1) Molles must
			 not be used as a temporary connection between two spliced eyes of a
			 load-supporting running line. Double molles may be used on droplines only and
			 single molles may be used on strawline.
(2) Molles must be as large as the pinhole
			 will accommodate and have the loose ends rolled in.
Statutory Authority:
				  RCW
				  49.17.010, [49.17].040 and[49.17].050 .
				  99-17-117, § 296-54-54720, filed 8/18/99, effective
				  12/1/99.
Washington Administrative Code › Title 296 - Labor and Industries, Department of › Chapter 296-54 - Safety standards-Logging operations › Section 296-54-54730 - Rigging-Shackles

Current through Register Vol. 24-14, July 15, 2024
(1) Shackles used
			 to hang blocks, jacks, or rigging on spars, must have the pins secured with a
			 nut and cotter key or a nut and molle.
(2) Flush pin, straight-sided shackles must
			 be used for mainline, slackline and skyline extensions.
(3) Shackles with screw pins, knockout or
			 slip pins may be used to anchor skylines, slackline, guyline, and/or guyline
			 extensions.
(4) All other shackles
			 must be screw pin type or have the pin secured with a nut and cotter key or a
			 nut and molle, except as specified elsewhere for specific purposes.
(5) The opening between the jaws of shackles
			 used to hang blocks, jacks, and rigging and to join or attach lines, must not
			 be more than one inch greater than the size of the rope, swivel, or shackle to
			 which it is attached.
(6) All
			 shackles must be one size larger than the lines they connect and made of forged
			 steel or material of equivalent strength.
For example: 1-inch Extra Improved Plow Steel (EIPS) line
				requires a 1 1/8-inch shackle, 1-inch swaged line require 1 1/4-inch
				shackle.
(7) Shackles used
			 to join lines must be hung with the pin and "U" part of the shackle through the
			 eyes of the lines.
Click
				here to view image
Figure 2-2: Shackles
Statutory Authority:
				  RCW
				  49.17.010, [49.17].040 and[49.17].050 .
				  99-17-117, § 296-54-54730, filed 8/18/99, effective
				  12/1/99.
Washington Administrative Code › Title 296 - Labor and Industries, Department of › Chapter 296-54 - Safety standards-Logging operations › Section 296-54-54740 - Rigging-Straps

Current through Register Vol. 24-14, July 15, 2024
Straps must be used according to the following
				requirements:
(1) Straps or chokers
			 used to hang corner or tail blocks and straps used to anchor
			 skylines/slacklines must be the size required by Table 1: Strap/Choker Size in
			 Inches.
Table 1: Strap/Choker Size in Inches
Running Line Size in Inches
Block or Skyline/ Slackline Hung in Both Eyes
Block Hung in Single Eye
5/16
1/4
1/2
3/8
3/8
9/16
7/16
7/16
5/8
1/2
1/2
3/4
9/16
9/16
7/8
5/8
5/8
1
3/4
3/4
1 1/8
7/8
7/8
1 1/4
1
1
1 3/8
1 1/8
1
1 1/4
1
1 3/8
1
1 1/2
1 1/8
1 5/8
1 1/4
1 3/4
1 1/4
1 7/8
1 3/8
2
1 3/8
Note: Both strap ends must be under equal tension.
(2) Straps/chokers must be
			 equivalently sized for the line they support, e.g., extra improved plow steel
			 (EIPS) line requires EIPS straps or equivalent strength material, and swaged
			 lines require swaged straps or equivalent strength material.
(3) When a single choker or single part strap
			 is used to support lift blocks, jacks and tree shoes they must be adequately
			 sized to support the applied loads.
(4) When a two part strap or two chokers are
			 used to hang a block, jack, tree shoe, or rigging, both eyes or ends must be
			 under equal tension.
(5) Where two
			 equal length chokers are used instead of one choker to gain extra breaking
			 strength, they must be arranged in a swede connection.
(6) Straps or chokers used to hang or support
			 blocks, jacks, tree shoes, or rigging must be replaced when there is evidence
			 of damaged or broken wires. They must:
(a) Be
			 made of new wire rope; or
(b) Meet
			 the pull test strength of new wire rope.
Washington Administrative Code › Title 296 - Labor and Industries, Department of › Chapter 296-54 - Safety standards-Logging operations › Section 296-54-54750 - Rigging-Blocks

Current through Register Vol. 24-14, July 15, 2024
(1) Load-bearing
			 blocks must:
(a) Not be used for heavier
			 strains or lines than those for which they are constructed;
(b) Be fitted with line guards;
(c) Be designed and used to prevent
			 fouling;
(d) Be kept in proper
			 alignment when in use;
(e) Be
			 equipped with bearing and yoke pins that will safely withstand the strains
			 imposed, and are securely fastened; and
(f) Be equipped with sheaves designed for the
			 size of the wire rope used.
EXCEPTION:
Subsections (b), and (f) do not apply to rig-up
							 ("Tommy Moore") blocks.
Washington Administrative Code › Title 296 - Labor and Industries, Department of › Chapter 296-54 - Safety standards-Logging operations › Section 296-54-54760 - Rigging-Hanging blocks

Current through Register Vol. 24-14, July 15, 2024
(1) All logging
			 systems must use enough corner or tail blocks to distribute the stress on
			 anchors and attachments.
(2) Blocks
			 (other than passline or haywire) must be hung by one of the following methods:
(a) Hanging the block in both eyes or Ds of
			 the straps threading eye through eye of wire rope straps is prohibited);
(b) If chokers are used, the
			 ferrule must be properly seated in the socket of the bell or hook to prevent
			 the ferrule from coming unbuttoned. The chokers must be the size required in
			 WAC 296-54-54740(1);
			 or
(c) If single part straps are
			 used, the straps must be secured with a shackle and be the size required in WAC
			 296-54-54740(1).
Washington Administrative Code › Title 296 - Labor and Industries, Department of › Chapter 296-54 - Safety standards-Logging operations › Section 296-54-54770 - Chokers and butt rigging

Current through Register Vol. 24-14, July 15, 2024
(1)
			 Chokers must be at least one size smaller than the mainline. If a dropline is
			 used it must have a breaking strength equal to a line one size smaller than the
			 mainline.
(2) All butt hook rigging
			 must be used in a manner to prevent loss of the choker.
(3) Molles or cold shuts are prohibited in
			 butt rigging as a load bearing connection.
Statutory Authority:
				  RCW
				  49.17.010, [49.17].040 and[49.17].050 .
				  99-17-117, amended and recodified as § 296-54-54770, filed 8/18/99,
				  effective 12/1/99. Statutory Authority:
				  RCW
				  49.17.040, [49.17].050 and [49.17].060.
				  96-22-013, § 296-54-559, filed 10/28/96, effective 1/1/97. Statutory
				  Authority: Chapter 49.17 RCW. 88-23-054 (Order 88-25), § 296-54-559, filed
				  11/14/88. Statutory Authority:
				  RCW
				  49.17.040 and
				  49.17.050. 81-05-013 (Order 81-3),
				  § 296-54-559, filed 2/10/81. Statutory Authority:
				  RCW
				  49.17.040,
				  49.17.150 and
				  49.17.240. 79-10-081 (Order
				  79-14), § 296-54-559, filed
				  9/21/79.
Washington Administrative Code › Title 296 - Labor and Industries, Department of › Chapter 296-54 - Safety standards-Logging operations › Section 296-54-549 - Selecting spar, tail and intermediate support trees

Current through Register Vol. 24-14, July 15, 2024
(1) Spar, tail and intermediate support trees
			 must be examined carefully for defects before being selected. They must be
			 sound, straight, green and of sufficient diameter to withstand the strains to
			 be imposed.
(2) Trees having
			 defects that impair their strength must not be used for spar, tail or
			 intermediate support trees. Raised trees must be identified and marked as
			 such.
(3) Douglas fir or spruce
			 must be used as spar trees when available. If other species must be used,
			 additional guylines, tree plates or other precautions must be taken to ensure
			 that the tree will withstand the strains to be imposed.
Statutory Authority:
				  RCW
				  49.17.010, [49.17].040 and[49.17].050 .
				  99-17-117, § 296-54-549, filed 8/18/99, effective 12/1/99. Statutory
				  Authority:
				  RCW
				  49.17.040,
				  49.17.050,
				  49.17.240,
				  chapters
				  43.22 and
				  42.30 RCW. 80-11-057 (Order 80-15),
				  § 296-54-549, filed 8/20/80. Statutory Authority:
				  RCW
				  49.17.040,
				  49.17.150 and
				  49.17.240. 79-10-081 (Order
				  79-14), § 296-54-549, filed
				  9/21/79.
Washington Administrative Code › Title 296 - Labor and Industries, Department of › Chapter 296-54 - Safety standards-Logging operations › Section 296-54-551 - Raising and lowering portable spars or towers

Current through Register Vol. 24-14, July 15, 2024
(1) A qualified, authorized person must
			 direct each raising and lowering of a portable spar or tower.
(2) All employees not engaged in the raising
			 or lowering of portable spars must stay in the clear during these
			 operations.
(3) Portable spars must
			 be leveled to provide proper line spooling and avoid excessive stress on
			 component parts.
Statutory Authority:
				  RCW
				  49.17.010, [49.17].040 and[49.17].050 .
				  99-17-117, § 296-54-551, filed 8/18/99, effective 12/1/99. Statutory
				  Authority:
				  RCW
				  49.17.040, [49.17].050 and[49.17].060 .
				  96-22-013, § 296-54-551, filed 10/28/96, effective 1/1/97. Statutory
				  Authority:
				  RCW
				  49.17.040,
				  49.17.050,
				  49.17.240,
				  chapters
				  43.22 and
				  42.30 RCW. 80-11-057 (Order 80-15),
				  § 296-54-551, filed 8/20/80. Statutory Authority:
				  RCW
				  49.17.040,
				  49.17.150 and
				  49.17.240. 79-10-081 (Order
				  79-14), § 296-54-551, filed
				  9/21/79.
Washington Administrative Code › Title 296 - Labor and Industries, Department of › Chapter 296-54 - Safety standards-Logging operations › Section 296-54-553 - Metal spars

Current through Register Vol. 24-14, July 15, 2024
(1) Each
			 portable metal spar must have an identification plate permanently attached to
			 its base or on the yarder in a position that can be easily read by a person
			 standing on the ground or on the base platform.
EXCEPTION:
A hydraulic loader with yarding drums is not required
							 to have an identification plate if the drums are installed and used according
							 to the manufacturer's recommendations.
(2)
			 The identification plate must have the following information:
(a) Name and address of
			 manufacturer;
(b) Model number;
			 and
(c) The maximum and minimum
			 angle at which the metal spar is designed to operate.
Washington Administrative Code › Title 296 - Labor and Industries, Department of › Chapter 296-54 - Safety standards-Logging operations › Section 296-54-555 - Metal spar guyline safety straps

Current through Register Vol. 24-14, July 15, 2024
(1) A metal spar guyline safety strap or
			 equivalent device must be installed at the bight of the guylines to prevent
			 guylines from falling vertically more than five feet in case of structural or
			 mechanical failure of the guyline attachment.
(2) The safety strap or equivalent devices
			 must be equal to the strength of one guyline being used.
(3) Using cable clips or clamps to join the
			 ends of portable spar or tower guyline safety straps is prohibited, unless used
			 to secure the end of a farmer's eye.
Statutory Authority:
				  RCW
				  49.17.010, [49.17].040 and[49.17].050 .
				  99-17-117, § 296-54-555, filed 8/18/99, effective 12/1/99. Statutory
				  Authority:
				  RCW
				  49.17.040, [49.17].050 and[49.17].060 .
				  96-22-013, § 296-54-555, filed 10/28/96, effective 1/1/97. Statutory
				  Authority:
				  RCW
				  49.17.040 49.17.050, 49.17.240,
				  chapters
				  43.22 and
				  42.30 RCW. 80-11-057 (Order 80-15),
				  § 296-54-555, filed 8/20/80. Statutory Authority:
				  RCW
				  49.17.040 49.17.150 and 49.17.240. 79-10-081
				  (Order 79-14), § 296-54-555, filed
				  9/21/79.
Washington Administrative Code › Title 296 - Labor and Industries, Department of › Chapter 296-54 - Safety standards-Logging operations › Section 296-54-557 - Wire rope

Current through Register Vol. 24-14, July 15, 2024
(1) Wire rope
			 must be of the same or better grade as originally recommended by the equipment
			 manufacturer.
(2) Wire rope must be
			 removed from service when any of the following conditions exist:
(a) In running ropes, six randomly
			 distributed broken wires in one lay or three broken wires in one strand in one
			 lay;
(b) Wear of one-third the
			 original diameter of outside individual wires. Kinking, crushing, birdcaging,
			 or any other damage resulting in distortion of the rope structure;
(c) Evidence of any heat damage from any
			 cause;
(d) Reductions from nominal
			 diameter of more than 3/64-inch for diameters to and including 3/4-inch,
			 1/16-inch for diameters 7/8-inch to 1-1/8-inch, inclusive, 3/32-inch for
			 diameters 1-1/4-inches to 1-1/2-inches inclusive;
(e) In standing ropes, more than two broken
			 wires in one lay in sections beyond end connections or more than one broken
			 wire at an end connection; and
(f)
			 Corroded, damaged, or improperly applied end connections.
EXCEPTION: Out-of-service requirements do not apply to chokers,
				grapple opening lines, tag lines, cat and skidder winch lines, and drop lines
				that are not used to move the carriage. However, an authorized, qualified
				person must thoroughly inspect these cables adhering to the requirements of WAC
				296-54-54710(1) and
				(3).
Washington Administrative Code › Title 296 - Labor and Industries, Department of › Chapter 296-54 - Safety standards-Logging operations › Section 296-54-55710 - Wire rope - Cutting

Current through Register Vol. 24-14, July 15, 2024
(1)
			 Hard hammers must not be used for cutting cable with a wire ax or when
			 splicing.
(2) Employees must wear
			 eye protection when cutting lines.
Statutory Authority:
				  RCW
				  49.17.010, [49.17].040 and [49.17].050.
				  99-17-117, § 296-54-55710, filed 8/18/99, effective
				  12/1/99.
Washington Administrative Code › Title 296 - Labor and Industries, Department of › Chapter 296-54 - Safety standards-Logging operations › Section 296-54-55720 - Wire rope-Splicing

Current through Register Vol. 24-14, July 15, 2024
(1)
			 Marlin spikes must be used for splicing. The marlin spikes must be:
(a) Large enough for the size of the line
			 being spliced; and
(b) Maintained
			 in good condition.
Washington Administrative Code › Title 296 - Labor and Industries, Department of › Chapter 296-54 - Safety standards-Logging operations › Section 296-54-55730 - Wire rope-Attaching end fastenings

Current through Register Vol. 24-14, July 15, 2024
(1) The manufacturer's recommendations must
			 be followed when attaching sockets and other end fastenings.
(2) Using cable clips or clamps for joining
			 lines is prohibited, except to transfer slack lines from one place to
			 another.
(3) When U-bolt cable
			 clips are used to form eyes, Table 3: U-bolt Cable Clips to Form Eyes must be
			 used to determine the number and spacing of clips.
Table 3: U-bolt Cable Clips to Form Eyes
Improved
Plow Steel
Diameter of
Rope
Number of
Clips
Forged
Required
Other
						Material
Minimum
Space
Between
Clips
3/8 to 5/8 inch
3
4
-3/4 inch
3/4 inch
4
5
4-1/2 inch
7/8 inch
4
5
5-1/4 inch
1 inch
5
6
6 inches
1-1/8 inch
6
6
6-3/4 inch
1-1/4 inch
6
7
7-1/2 inch
1-3/8 inch
7
7
8-1/4 inch
1-1/2 inch
7
8
9 inches
(4)
			 When U-bolt cable clips are used:
(a) For eye
			 splices, the U-bolt wire rope clip must be attached so that the U section is in
			 contact with the dead or short end of the rope (see Figure 3: Eyes Formed with
			 U-bolt Cable Clips);
(b) U-bolt
			 cable clips must be spaced at least six rope diameters apart to obtain the
			 maximum holding power. Nuts must be tightened evenly and tightened again after
			 application of the first sustained load. After the rope has been used and is
			 under tension, the clips must be tightened again to take up any looseness
			 caused by the tension reducing the rope diameter;
(c) With high strength wire rope, one more
			 U-bolt cable clip must be added for each grade above improved plow steel;
			 and
(d) Eyes formed with U-bolt
			 cable clips are prohibited with running lines or straps.
Washington Administrative Code › Title 296 - Labor and Industries, Department of › Chapter 296-54 - Safety standards-Logging operations › Section 296-54-561 - Guylines

Current through Register Vol. 24-14, July 15, 2024
(1) Guylines must
			 be used with any logging equipment when required by the equipment
			 manufacturer.
(2) At least the
			 minimum number and angle of guylines recommended by the equipment manufacturer
			 must be used.
(3) Unless otherwise
			 specified by the equipment manufacturer, guylines must be of the following
			 sizes:
(a) In highlead logging, the head spar
			 guylines must be equal in breaking strength to the mainline.
(b) In skyline logging, if the skyline is one
			 and three-eighths inch or greater, the head spar guylines must be at least one
			 and three-eighths inch. If the skyline is less than one and three-eighths inch,
			 the head spar guylines must be equal in breaking strength to the
			 skyline.
(c) On all other cable
			 logging machines, the guylines must have a breaking strength at least equal to
			 the mainline/skyline, whichever is largest.
(d) Tail/lift and intermediate support trees
			 must be adequately guyed to withstand any stress to which the tree may be
			 subjected.
Washington Administrative Code › Title 296 - Labor and Industries, Department of › Chapter 296-54 - Safety standards-Logging operations › Section 296-54-563 - Guying tail/lift trees

Current through Register Vol. 24-14, July 15, 2024
(1)
			 Whenever a tail/lift tree is within reach of the work area and the rigging is
			 placed on the tail/lift tree at a height greater than five times the tree
			 diameter (dbh), at least two guylines must be used unless tree size and
			 strength and rigging position eliminate the need for guylines or employees must
			 be in the clear before the go-ahead signal is given.
(2) Guylines on tail/lift trees must not be
			 anchored to standing trees unless:
(a) There
			 is no danger that the guyline anchor tree will enter the work area;
(b) The guyline anchor tree is properly tied
			 back; or
(c) Employees are in the
			 clear of the guyline anchor tree(s) before the go-ahead signal is
			 given.
Washington Administrative Code › Title 296 - Labor and Industries, Department of › Chapter 296-54 - Safety standards-Logging operations › Section 296-54-565 - Intermediate support trees

Current through Register Vol. 24-14, July 15, 2024
(1)
			 Trees used as intermediate supports must be sound and straight from the ground
			 to the point of strap attachment; and must be rigged so that:
(a) Carriage clearance, as measured at the
			 base of the support tree(s) is approximately five feet.
(b) The jackline/support line (see Figure 21:
			 Critical Measurements of the Double Tree Intermediate Support System) is a
			 single piece of line that is one-eighth inch larger than the tong or skidding
			 line or rigged to provide a strength equal to a line one-eighth inch larger
			 than the tong or skidding line.
Washington Administrative Code › Title 296 - Labor and Industries, Department of › Chapter 296-54 - Safety standards-Logging operations › Section 296-54-567 - Rigging skylines

Current through Register Vol. 24-14, July 15, 2024
(1) A
			 skyline must not make an angle greater than fifty degrees measured from the
			 horizontal as it leaves the tail/lift tree. (See Figure 18: Maximum Angle for
			 Load Bearing Guylines and Skyline.)
(2) When rigged in a tail/lift tree, the
			 skyline must be anchored no more than eight degrees offline from the rearward
			 projection of the skyline. If a suitable anchor is not available within the
			 specified zone and the tail/lift tree is stable, a more suitable anchor outside
			 the zone may be used. (See Figure 23: Skyline Positioning Limits Tail/Lift
			 Tree.)
(3) A skyline must not be
			 considered a guyline.
(4)
			 Extensions to skylines must be equal in breaking strength to the skyline to
			 which they are attached and must not alter the safe capacity of the tower. In
			 addition, the extension must be attached only by a regular long splice or by a
			 flush pin straight side shackle connecting the two eyes.
Note:
See exception in WAC
							 296-54-553(4)(e).
(5)
			 Live, running or standing skylines must be anchored by one of the following
			 methods:
(a) Directly to a stump or suitable
			 manufactured anchor;
(b) Directly
			 to the base of a standing tree provided the point of attachment is no more than
			 three feet above the ground and no part of the tree will enter the work area if
			 pulled over;
(i) If the tree will enter a work
			 area, it must be properly tied back; or
(ii) Employee(s) must be in the clear before
			 the go-ahead signal is given.
(c) By passing the skyline though a jack or
			 block hung on a tail/lift tree before being anchored.
Washington Administrative Code › Title 296 - Labor and Industries, Department of › Chapter 296-54 - Safety standards-Logging operations › Section 296-54-569 - Anchoring

Current through Register Vol. 24-14, July 15, 2024
(1) Stumps used to
			 anchor guylines and skylines must be carefully chosen for position, height, and
			 strength. When necessary, stump anchors must be tied back to distribute the
			 load.
(2) Stump anchors, when
			 spiked, must be barked where attachments are to be made.
(3) Stump anchors must be adequately notched
			 to keep the line in place and not adversely affect the stump
			 strength.
(4) Employees must not
			 stand close to the stump or tree or in the bight of lines as the guyline or
			 wraps are being tightened.
(5) When
			 spikes or cable clamps are used, guylines or skylines must be anchored with at
			 least two and one-half wraps around the stumps. Wraps must:
(a) Be well secured with at least eight
			 spikes or six staples in sound wood on the first and last wrap; or
(b) Have the end of the line secured with two
			 wire rope clips on lines up to one inch diameter and three wire rope clips on
			 lines one inch diameter and over.
Washington Administrative Code › Title 296 - Labor and Industries, Department of › Chapter 296-54 - Safety standards-Logging operations › Section 296-54-571 - Releasing spiked guylines and spiked skylines from anchors

Current through Register Vol. 24-14, July 15, 2024
The following procedures must be followed when removing spiked
				guylines or spiked skylines from stumps:
(1) Reversed safety wrap is put on and
			 secured before loosening the last wrap;
(2) An authorized employee is in charge of
			 loosening guylines or skylines;
(3)
			 The authorized employee uses all precautions and gives warning before releasing
			 lines; and
(4) Safety holdbacks are
			 used when necessary for employee safety.
Statutory Authority:
				  RCW
				  49.17.010, [49.17].040 and[49.17].050 .
				  99-17-117, § 296-54-571, filed 8/18/99, effective 12/1/99. Statutory
				  Authority:
				  RCW
				  49.17.040,
				  49.17.150 and
				  49.17.240. 79-10-081 (Order
				  79-14), § 296-54-571, filed
				  9/21/79.
Washington Administrative Code › Title 296 - Labor and Industries, Department of › Chapter 296-54 - Safety standards-Logging operations › Section 296-54-573 - Logging machines-General

Current through Register Vol. 24-14, July 15, 2024
(1)
			 All logging machinery must have speed limiting devices, safety stops, or
			 emergency shut down devices or shut off valves, with the controls located so
			 that in the event of an emergency, the prime mover may be shut down from a safe
			 place.
(2) The floor and lower
			 portion of cabs must be completely enclosed with solid material, except at
			 entrances, to prevent the operator from being injured by obstacles which
			 otherwise could enter the cab compartment.
(3) Machine operators must be experienced in
			 operating the equipment they use.
EXCEPTION:
Inexperienced employees may operate equipment to
							 gain experience while in training but may do so only while working under the
							 immediate supervision of an experienced authorized person.
(4)
			 All machine controls must be marked as to their purpose in the operation of the
			 machine.
(5) The rated capacity of
			 any vehicle transporting a machine must not be exceeded.
(6) Machines must be loaded, secured, and
			 unloaded in a manner that will not create a hazard for any employee.
Note:
This requirement includes the loading, securing and
							 unloading of a machine on and off a transport vehicle.
(7)
			 You must not make any modifications or additions that affect the capacity or
			 safe operation of the equipment without written approval of the manufacturer or
			 a qualified engineer. If modifications or changes are made, the capacity,
			 operation and maintenance instruction plates, tags, or decals, must be changed
			 accordingly. The original safety factor of the equipment must never be
			 reduced.
(8) Equipment must be
			 classed and used according to the manufacturer's rating. Where low gear ratios
			 or other devices are installed to increase the line pull in accordance with
			 subsection (7) of this section, the size of the rigging must be increased
			 accordingly so that it will safely withstand the increased strains.
(9) Each machine, including any machine
			 provided by an employee, must be maintained in serviceable condition and the
			 following:
(a) Each machine must be inspected
			 before initial use during each workshift. Defects or damage must be repaired or
			 the unserviceable machine is replaced before beginning work.
(b) Operating and maintenance instructions
			 must be available on the machine or in the area where the machine is being
			 operated. Each machine operator and maintenance employee must comply with the
			 operating and maintenance instructions.
(c) Each machine must be operated only from
			 the operator's station or as otherwise recommended by the
			 manufacturer.
(d) Employees must
			 not be allowed to ride on any load.
Washington Administrative Code › Title 296 - Labor and Industries, Department of › Chapter 296-54 - Safety standards-Logging operations › Section 296-54-57310 - Logging machines - Chipping in woods locations

Current through Register Vol. 24-14, July 15, 2024
In-woods chipping must be performed according to the
				following:
(1) Chipper access covers
			 or doors remain closed until the drum or disc stops completely.
(2) Infeed and discharge ports are guarded to
			 prevent contact with the disc, knives, or blower blades.
(3) The chipper is shut down and locked out
			 according to the lockout/tagout requirements of chapter 296-803 WAC when an
			 employee performs any servicing or maintenance.
(4) Detached trailer chippers are chocked
			 when used on any slope where rolling or sliding of the chipper is reasonably
			 foreseeable.
Statutory Authority:
				  RCW
				  49.17.010,
				  49.17.040,
				  49.17.050, and
				  49.17.060. 04-15-105, §
				  296-54-57310, filed 7/20/04, effective 11/1/04. Statutory Authority:
				  RCW
				  49.17.010,[49.17].040 and [49.17].050.
				  99-17-117, § 296-54-57310, filed 8/18/99, effective
				  12/1/99.
Washington Administrative Code › Title 296 - Labor and Industries, Department of › Chapter 296-54 - Safety standards-Logging operations › Section 296-54-57315 - Logging machines - Exhaust pipes

Current through Register Vol. 24-14, July 15, 2024
(1) Engines not equipped with turbochargers
			 must be equipped with spark arrestors in compliance with the department of
			 natural resources, chapter 332-24 WAC, requirements for spark-emitting
			 equipment.
(2) Each machine muffler
			 provided by the manufacturer, or their equivalent, must be in place at all
			 times the machine is in operation.
(3) Exhaust pipes must be located or
			 insulated to protect workers from accidental contact with the pipes or muffler
			 and must direct exhaust gases away from the operator and other
			 persons.
Statutory Authority:
				  RCW
				  49.17.010, [49.17].040 and[49.17].050 .
				  99-17-117, § 296-54-57315, filed 8/18/99, effective
				  12/1/99.
Washington Administrative Code › Title 296 - Labor and Industries, Department of › Chapter 296-54 - Safety standards-Logging operations › Section 296-54-57320 - Logging machines - Glass

Current through Register Vol. 24-14, July 15, 2024
Glass installed on logging machines must:
(1) Be free of deposits of oil and mud or
			 defects that could endanger the operator or other employees;
(2) Be safety glass or a type that provides
			 equal protection;
(3) Be removed or
			 replaced if defective or broken glass impairs the vision of the operator;
			 and
(4) Have an additional metal
			 screen or guard installed where glass does not provide adequate operator
			 protection from flying chokers, chunks, saplings, limbs, etc. The operator's
			 vision must not be impaired.
Statutory Authority:
				  RCW
				  49.17.010, [49.17].040 and[49.17].050 .
				  99-17-117, § 296-54-57320, filed 8/18/99, effective
				  12/1/99.
Washington Administrative Code › Title 296 - Labor and Industries, Department of › Chapter 296-54 - Safety standards-Logging operations › Section 296-54-57325 - Logging machines - Brakes

Current through Register Vol. 24-14, July 15, 2024
(1)
			 Brakes or dogs must be installed on all machine drums and maintained in
			 effective working condition.
(2)
			 Drum brakes must have an independent locking device that will hold the drum
			 when the operator leaves the machine and the machine is not
			 operating.
(3) Brakes must be
			 protected from direct exposure to the elements or be designed or constructed to
			 make them impervious to such exposure.
(4) At the start of each shift, logging
			 machine operators must test all brakes before taking a load.
(5) Service brakes must be able to stop and
			 hold each machine and its rated load capacity on the slopes over which it is
			 being operated. Brakes must be effective whether or not the engine is running
			 and regardless of the direction of travel.
(6) Self-propelled logging machines
			 manufactured on or after July 1, 1985, must be equipped with braking systems as
			 follows:
(a) A service braking system, which
			 must be the primary means of stopping and holding the equipment;
(b) An emergency stopping system, which must
			 be a secondary means of stopping the equipment in the event of any single
			 failure of the service system; and
(c) A parking brake system, which must be
			 used to continuously hold a stopped machine stationary within the limits of
			 traction on any grade on which it is operated so as to allow the operator to
			 leave the vehicle without the vehicle moving, and to prevent subsequent
			 movement of the vehicle while unattended. The parking brake system must
			 maintain this parking performance despite any contraction of brake parts,
			 failure of the source of application, energy or leakage of any kind.
Washington Administrative Code › Title 296 - Labor and Industries, Department of › Chapter 296-54 - Safety standards-Logging operations › Section 296-54-57330 - Logging machines - Outriggers

Current through Register Vol. 24-14, July 15, 2024
(1) All outriggers must have a stable base
			 under the outrigger or equivalent leveling pads as recommended by the equipment
			 manufacturer.
(2) Outriggers must
			 have a means to hold them in both the retracted and extended
			 position.
(3) Hydraulic outriggers
			 must have a positive holding device (velocity fuse, load check valve, manually
			 operated valve or equivalent) to prevent movement of the piston in the event of
			 a hose, fitting or other failure in the hydraulic system except when proper
			 blocking is provided.
Statutory Authority:
				  RCW
				  49.17.010, [49.17].040 and[49.17].050 .
				  99-17-117, § 296-54-57330, filed 8/18/99, effective
				  12/1/99.
Washington Administrative Code › Title 296 - Labor and Industries, Department of › Chapter 296-54 - Safety standards-Logging operations › Section 296-54-57335 - Logging machines - Hydraulics

Current through Register Vol. 24-14, July 15, 2024
(1) If failure of hydraulic lines could
			 create a hazard to an equipment operator while at the operator's station,
			 safeguards must be installed that will eliminate the hazard.
(2) Machines or equipment must not be
			 operated when hydraulic fluid leakage creates contamination of the operator's
			 workstation, means of access or egress, or creates other unsafe conditions such
			 as fire hazard or control malfunction.
(3) Abrasive contact with hydraulic hoses,
			 tubing or fittings must be eliminated before further use.
(4) Defective hydraulic hoses, lines and
			 fittings must be replaced.
Statutory Authority:
				  RCW
				  49.17.010, [49.17].040 and[49.17].050 .
				  99-17-117, § 296-54-57335, filed 8/18/99, effective
				  12/1/99.
Washington Administrative Code › Title 296 - Labor and Industries, Department of › Chapter 296-54 - Safety standards-Logging operations › Section 296-54-57340 - Logging machines - A-frames

Current through Register Vol. 24-14, July 15, 2024
(1) A-frames must be guyed or braced to
			 provide stability and prevent tipping.
(2) A-frame bases must be secured against
			 displacement and the tops must be securely bolted or lashed to prevent
			 displacement.
(3) Where guylines
			 are used, A-frames must have at least one snap guy and two guylines securely
			 attached, anchored and spread to form an angle 70 degrees to 90 degrees
			 opposite the direction of stress or strain.
Statutory Authority:
				  RCW
				  49.17.010, [49.17].040 and[49.17].050 .
				  99-17-117, § 296-54-57340, filed 8/18/99, effective
				  12/1/99.
Washington Administrative Code › Title 296 - Labor and Industries, Department of › Chapter 296-54 - Safety standards-Logging operations › Section 296-54-57345 - Logging machines - Moving

Current through Register Vol. 24-14, July 15, 2024
(1)
			 Operators must ensure that all employees are in the clear before initiating or
			 continuing the movement of any mobile equipment. The machine must be operated
			 far enough from employees and other machines so that operation does not create
			 a hazard for an employee.
(2) At
			 any time when moving logging machines, the driver must have a clear and
			 unobstructed view of the direction of travel. When this is not possible, a
			 signal person with a clear and unobstructed view of the direction of travel
			 must be designated and used to direct the movement of the machine, or the
			 machine must have an audible horn that is sounded.
EXCEPTION:
This does not apply to tractors, skidders or tree
							 harvesters during normal yarding operations.
(3)
			 Where a signalperson is used, the equipment operator must move the equipment
			 only on signal from the designated signalperson and only when the signal is
			 distinct and clearly understood.
(4) When moving power units, persons other
			 than the operator and the person in charge must not be permitted to ride on the
			 unit.
(5) All obstructions that may
			 reach the operator while moving a machine must be removed.
(6) When moving to areas within the immediate
			 landing area, all employees must stay in the clear of the logging machine(s) or
			 must inform the operator of the intent to approach or be near the
			 machine(s).
(7) Mobile yarders and
			 wheel or crawler loaders must not travel on road grades greater than 15 percent
			 unless they are securely snubbed or towed, or have a braking system designed
			 for such travel by the manufacturer.
(8) Crawler-type, track-mounted logging
			 machines with manual transmissions must be equipped with a ratchet or other
			 device that will prevent unintended disengagement or reversing of the machine
			 and the operator must be informed of the proper technique.
Statutory Authority:
				  RCW
				  49.17.010, [49.17].040 and[49.17].050 .
				  99-17-117, § 296-54-57345, filed 8/18/99, effective
				  12/1/99.
Washington Administrative Code › Title 296 - Labor and Industries, Department of › Chapter 296-54 - Safety standards-Logging operations › Section 296-54-57350 - Logging machines-Tractors and skidders

Current through Register Vol. 24-14, July 15, 2024
(1) Operators must operate and control their
			 machines in a safe manner and avoid operations in areas where machine stability
			 may not be maintained.
(2) Winch
			 lines on logging tractors or skidders must be attached to the drums with a
			 breakaway device.
(3) Arches must
			 be equipped with line guards.
(4) A
			 turnaround, if needed for skidders, must be provided on all skidding roads
			 every 500 feet.
(5) The following
			 safe work procedures must be followed:
(a)
			 Lines must not be allowed to trail behind the tractor or skidder where it may
			 hang up and snap forward.
(b) Each
			 machine must be positioned during winching so the machine and winch are
			 operated within their design limits.
(c) Logs/trees must be choked near the ends
			 of the logs/trees whenever possible and safely positioned before
			 traveling.
(d) Before climbing or
			 descending grades, the proper gear must be selected to allow the engine to
			 govern the tractor speed.
(e) On
			 side hills, abrupt turns uphill must be avoided. The tractor or skidder must be
			 backed downhill first then turned uphill. The turn may be slacked off as
			 necessary to permit this maneuver.
(f) Tractor or skidder speed must be adjusted
			 to the circumstances prevailing. Excessive or uncontrolled speed must be
			 avoided.
Washington Administrative Code › Title 296 - Labor and Industries, Department of › Chapter 296-54 - Safety standards-Logging operations › Section 296-54-57355 - Logging machines-Protective structures for operators

Current through Register Vol. 24-14, July 15, 2024
(1) Each tractor, skidder, log stacker and
			 mechanical felling device, such as tree shears or feller-buncher, placed into
			 initial service after February 9, 1995, must be equipped with falling object
			 protective structure (FOPS) and/or rollover protective structure (ROPS). The
			 employer must replace FOPS or ROPS which have been removed from any machine.
EXCEPTION:
This requirement does not apply to machines which
							 are capable of 360 degree rotation.
(2)
			 ROPS must be installed, tested, and maintained in accordance with the Society
			 of Automotive Engineers SAE J1040, April 1988, "Performance Criteria for
			 Rollover Protective Structures (ROPS) for Construction, Earthmoving, Forestry,
			 and Mining Machines."
(3) The ROPS
			 must be high enough and wide enough so that it will not impair the movements of
			 the operator or prevent his immediate escape from the vehicle in emergencies
			 and must allow as much visibility as possible. Clearance above the deck and the
			 ROPS of the vehicle at exits must be at least fifty-two inches (1.3
			 meters).
(4) Certified roll-over
			 protective systems must be identified by a metal tag permanently attached to
			 the ROPS in a position where it may be easily read from the ground. The tag
			 must be permanently and clearly stamped, etched or embossed indicating the name
			 and address of the certifying manufacturer or registered professional engineer,
			 the ROPS model number (if any) and the vehicle make, model or serial number the
			 ROPS is designed to fit.
(5)
			 Roll-over protective structure systems must be maintained in a manner that will
			 preserve their original strength. Welding must be performed by qualified
			 welders only. (A qualified welder is defined under "welder qualification" in
			 American Welding Society A.W.S. A3.0-69.)
(6) FOPS structures must be installed, tested
			 and maintained according to:
(a) The society
			 of automotive engineers SAE J231-1971, "minimum performance criteria for
			 falling object protective structures (FOPS) prior to February 9,
			 1995."
(b) Society of automotive
			 engineers SAE J231, January 1981, "minimum performance criteria for falling
			 object protective structures (FOPS) for each tractor, skidder, log stacker, log
			 loader and mechanical falling device, such as tree shears or faller-buncher,
			 placed into initial service after February 9, 1995."
Washington Administrative Code › Title 296 - Labor and Industries, Department of › Chapter 296-54 - Safety standards-Logging operations › Section 296-54-575 - Landing area

Current through Register Vol. 24-14, July 15, 2024
(1) Unless
			 otherwise specified, landing areas must:
(a)
			 Be large enough that if logs are to be heeled and swung, they will not strike
			 standing timber, rigging, or other equipment or objects;
(b) Be large and level enough to land and
			 deck the logs in the turns so that they will not slide or roll in the direction
			 of employees or equipment. This is not intended to restrict the yarding and/or
			 loading of logs for pole piling or an infrequent long break or tree length,
			 provided the log is secured before unhooking the choker;
(c) Be large enough for safe movement of all
			 logs and machinery;
(d) Be free of
			 root wads, limbs, tops, etc., that constitute a safety hazard; and
(e) Not have materials pushed, thrown, or
			 dumped over the edge in a manner or at a time that will endanger
			 employees.
Washington Administrative Code › Title 296 - Labor and Industries, Department of › Chapter 296-54 - Safety standards-Logging operations › Section 296-54-579 - Log decks

Current through Register Vol. 24-14, July 15, 2024
(1) Logs must
			 be placed in and removed from decks in a straight and orderly manner so as to
			 minimize the hazards from rolling or shifting logs.
(2) If employees are working on the ground
			 near the deck, the deck must be constructed and located so it is stable and
			 provides each employee with enough room to safely move and work in the
			 area.
Statutory Authority:
				  RCW
				  49.17.010, [49.17].040 and[49.17].050 .
				  99-17-117, § 296-54-579, filed 8/18/99, effective 12/1/99. Statutory
				  Authority:
				  RCW
				  49.17.040,
				  49.17.150 and
				  49.17.240. 79-10-081 (Order
				  79-14), § 296-54-579, filed
				  9/21/79.
Washington Administrative Code › Title 296 - Labor and Industries, Department of › Chapter 296-54 - Safety standards-Logging operations › Section 296-54-581 - Helicopter logging - General

Current through Register Vol. 24-14, July 15, 2024
(1)
			 Prior to daily logging operations, a briefing must be conducted. The briefing
			 must set forth the plan of operation for the pilot(s) and ground personnel.
			 Anytime a change in operating procedure is necessary, affected personnel must
			 be notified.
(2) Employees and
			 equipment must remain in the clear and employees must never be under a
			 suspended load.
(3) Employees must
			 not work under hovering craft except for that limited period of time necessary
			 to guide, secure, hook/unhook loads, and perform maintenance/inspections or
			 other related job duties.
(4) The
			 location of the drop zone, decking areas, loading areas, and designated safety
			 zones must be established by a pilot and a responsible supervisor taking into
			 consideration current operating conditions.
(5) Personal protective equipment.
(a) Employees must wear high visibility hard
			 hats secured by a chinstrap.
(b)
			 Employees hooking and receiving the load must wear high visibility vests or
			 outer garments.
Washington Administrative Code › Title 296 - Labor and Industries, Department of › Chapter 296-54 - Safety standards-Logging operations › Section 296-54-58110 - Helicopter logging - Landing

Current through Register Vol. 24-14, July 15, 2024
(1)
			 The landing drop zone must be large enough for the longest logs to be landed
			 without endangering the landing crew.
(2) Landing crew must remain in the clear
			 until the load is placed flat on the ground and chokers are released from the
			 hook.
(3) Landings must be
			 constructed with minimal slope for drainage in the drop zone and a decking area
			 to prevent logs from rolling.
(4)
			 The approach to the landing must be kept clear and long enough to prevent tree
			 tops from being pulled into the landing.
(5) Landing personnel must be notified when
			 chokers are being picked up.
(6) If
			 the load will not release from the hook, the hook must be on the ground or at
			 eye level, whichever is safer, before employees approach to release the hook
			 manually.
Statutory Authority:
				  RCW
				  49.17.010, [49.17].040 and [49.17].050.
				  99-17-117, § 296-54-58110, filed 8/18/99, effective
				  12/1/99.
Washington Administrative Code › Title 296 - Labor and Industries, Department of › Chapter 296-54 - Safety standards-Logging operations › Section 296-54-58120 - Helicopter logging - Yarding

Current through Register Vol. 24-14, July 15, 2024
(1)
			 Helicopters must not work in areas near enough to cutters to cause the rotor
			 wash to affect a cutter's ability to safely control a tree or to cause
			 dislodging of limbs.
(2) The
			 yarding helicopter must be equipped with a siren to warn employees of any
			 hazardous situation.
(3) Log pickup
			 must be arranged so that the hookup crew will not work on slopes below fell and
			 bucked timber that appears unstable and likely to roll.
(4) If the load must be lightened by the
			 hooker, the hooker must remain on the uphill side of the load and slack given
			 to the entire load before releasing the hook.
(5) If the load must be aborted or lightened
			 by the pilot, the hooker must be in the clear before releasing the
			 hook.
(6) Employees must remain in
			 the clear as chokers are being delivered. Under no circumstances can employees
			 move under the chokers being delivered or take hold of the chokers before they
			 are placed on the ground.
Statutory Authority:
				  RCW
				  49.17.010, [49.17].040 and[49.17].050 .
				  99-17-117, § 296-54-58120, filed 8/18/99, effective
				  12/1/99.