Wisconsin Administrative Code › Department of Natural Resources › NR 800 - Environmental Protection - Water Supply › Chapter NR 809 - Safe Drinking Water › Subchapter VII - Public Notification of Drinking Water Violations › Section NR 809.970 - Special notice for repeated failure to conduct monitoring of the source water for Cryptosporidium and for failure to determine bin classification or mean Cryptosporidium level

Current through June 24, 2024
(1) TIMING FOR SPECIAL NOTICE FOR REPEATED
				  FAILURE TO MONITOR. The water supplier for a community or non-community water
				  system that is required to monitor source water under s. NR 809.331(1) (a) and
				  (b) must notify persons served by the public water system that monitoring has
				  not been completed as specified no later than 30 days after the water supplier
				  for the public water system has failed to collect any 3 months of monitoring as
				  specified in s. NR 809.331(3). The notice must be repeated as specified in s.
				  NR 809.952(2).
(2) TIMING FOR
				  SPECIAL NOTICE FOR FAILURE TO DETERMINE BIN CLASSIFICATION OR MEAN
				  CRYPTOSPORIDIUM LEVEL. The water suppliers for a community or non-community
				  water system that is required to determine a bin classification under s. NR
				  810.34, or to determine mean Cryptosporidium level under s. NR 810.36, must
				  notify persons served by the public water system that the determination has not
				  been made as required no later than 30 days after the water suppliers for the
				  public water system has failed report the determination as specified in s. NR
				  810.34(5) (a) or 810.36(1), respectively. The notice must be repeated as
				  specified in s. NR 809.952(2). The notice is not required if the public water
				  system is complying with a department approved schedule to address the
				  violation.
(3) THE FORM AND MANNER
				  OF THE SPECIAL NOTICE. The form and manner of the public notice must follow the
				  requirements for a Tier 2 public notice prescribed in s. NR 809.952(3). The
				  public notice must be presented as required in s. NR 809.954(3).
(4) MANDATORY LANGUAGE THAT MUST BE CONTAINED
				  IN THE SPECIAL NOTICE. The notice must contain the following language,
				  including the language necessary to fill in the blanks.
(a) The special notice for repeated failure
				  to conduct monitoring must contain all of the following language: We are
				  required to monitor the source of your drinking water for Cryptosporidium.
				  Results of the monitoring are to be used to determine whether water treatment
				  at the (treatment plant name) is sufficient to adequately remove
				  Cryptosporidium from your drinking water. We are required to complete this
				  monitoring and make this determination by (required bin determination date). We
				  "did not monitor or test" or "did not complete all monitoring or testing" on
				  schedule and, therefore, we may not be able to determine by the required date
				  what treatment modifications, if any, must be made to ensure adequate
				  Cryptosporidium removal. Missing this deadline may, in turn, jeopardize our
				  ability to have the required treatment modifications, if any, completed by the
				  deadline required, (date). For more information, please call (name of the
				  public water system contact) of (name of public water system) at (phone
				  number).
(b) The special notice for
				  failure to determine bin classification or mean Cryptosporidium level must
				  contain all of the following language: We are required to monitor the source of
				  your drinking water for Cryptosporidium in order to determine by (date) whether
				  water treatment at the (treatment plant name) is sufficient to adequately
				  remove Cryptosporidium from your drinking water. We have not made this
				  determination by the required date. Our failure to do this may jeopardize our
				  ability to have the required treatment modifications, if any, completed by the
				  required deadline of (date). For more information, please call (name of the
				  public water system contact) of (name of public water system) at (phone
				  number).
(c) Each special notice
				  must also include a description of what the water suppliers for the public
				  water system is doing to correct the violation and when the water supplier
				  expects the public water system to return to compliance or resolve the
				  situation.
Appendix A to Subchapter VII
NPDWR Violations and Other Situations Requiring
					 Public Notice1
Contaminant
MCL/MRDL/TT
								  violations2
Monitoring & testing procedure
								  violations
Tier of public notice
								  required
Citation (Wis. Adm. Code)
Tier of public notice
								  required
Citation (Wis. Adm. Code)
I. Violations of National Primary Drinking
								  Water Regulations:3
A. Microbiological Contaminants
1. Total coliform: Monitoring or TT violations
								  resulting from failure to perform assessments or corrective actions
2
NR 809.314
3
NR 809.31(9)
1m. Total coliform: Seasonal system failure to
								  follow department-approved start-up plan prior to serving water to the
								  public
2
NR 809.314(2)
3
Xx
2.
E. Coli
MCL
1
NR 809.30
14, 3
NR 809.31(9)
2m.
E. coli
: TT violations
								  resulting from failure to perform Level 2 assessments or corrective
								  action
1
NR 809.30
3
Xx
3. Turbidity MCL
2
NR 810.29(1)
3
NR 810.38(1) (b)
NR 810.38(2) (a),
NR 810.38(2) (b)
NR 810.29
4. Turbidity MCL (average 2 days' samples >5
								  NTU)
25, 1
NR 810.29(1)
3
NR 810.38(1) (b)
NR 810.38(2) (a),
NR 810.38(2) (b),
NR 810.29
5. Turbidity (for TT violations resulting from a
								  single exceedance of maximum allowable turbidity level)
26, 1
NR 810.29(1),
NR 810.29(2),
NR 810.29(3),
NR 810.29(4),
NR 810.30(1),
NR 810.30(4) (a),
NR 810.30(4) (b)
3
NR 810.38(1) (b)
NR 810.38(2) (a),
NR 810.38(2) (b),
NR 810.29
6. Surface Water Treatment Rule violations, other
								  than violations resulting from single exceedance of max. allowable turbidity
								  level (TT)
2
NR 810.27 - 810.33
3
NR 810.38
7. Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule
								  violations, other than violations resulting from single exceedance of max.
								  turbidity level (TT)
2
NR 810 subch. 2
3
NR 810.29,
NR 810.38
8. Filter Backwash Rule (FBWR)
2
NR 809.333(3)
NR 811.860
NR 811.862
3
NR 810.29
9. Long Term 2 Enhanced Surface Water Treatment
								  Rule violations
2
NR 810.34 - 810.45
215,3
NR 809.331 - NR 809.335
NR 810.32(1) and (2)
10. Source water sample positive for Ground-water
								  Rule (GWR) fecal indicators:
E. coli
, enterococci, or
								  coliphage
1
NR 809.325(6)
3
NR 809.325(5)
NR 809.327(6)
B. Inorganic Chemicals (IOCs)
1. Antimony
2
NR 809.11(2)
3
NR 809.115(1) to (3) and (6) (a) and (c)
2. Arsenic
2
NR 809.11(2)
3
NR 809.115(1) to (3) and (6) (a) and (c)
3. Asbestos (fibers >10 µm)
2
NR 809.11(2)
3
NR 809.115(1) to (3) and (6)(a)and (c)
4. Barium
2
NR 809.11(2)
3
NR 809.115(1) to (3) and (6) (a) and (c)
5. Beryllium
2
NR 809.11(2)
3
NR 809.115(1) to (3) and (6) (a) and (c)
6. Cadmium
2
NR 809.11(2)
3
NR 809.115(1) to (3) and (6) (a) and (c)
7. Chromium (total)
2
NR 809.11(2)
3
NR 809.115(1) to (3) and (6) (a) and (c)
8. Cyanide
2
NR 809.11(2)
3
NR 809.115(1) to (3) and (6) (a) and (c)
9. Fluoride
2
NR 809.11(2)
3
NR 809.115(1) to (3) and (6) (a) and (c)
10. Mercury (inorganic)
2
NR 809.11(2)
3
NR 809.115(1) to (3) and (6) (a) and (c)
11. Nitrate
1
NR 809.11(2)
18, 3
NR 809.115(4), (5) and (6) (b)
12. Nitrite
1
NR 809.11(2)
18, 3
NR 809.115(4), (5) and (6) (b)
13. Total Nitrate and Nitrite
1
NR 809.11(2)
3
NR 809.115(4) and (5)
14. Selenium
2
NR 809.11(2)
3
NR 809.115(1) to (3) and (6) (a) and (c)
15. Thallium
2
NR 809.11(2)
3
NR 809.115(1) to (3) and (6) (a) and (c)
C. Lead and Copper Rule (Action Level for lead is
								  0.015 mg/L, copper is 1.3 mg/L)
1. Lead and Copper Rule (TT)
2
NR 809.541 - NR 809.55
3
NR 809.541 - NR 809.55
D. Synthetic Organic Chemicals (SOCs)
1. 2,4-D
2
NR 809.20(1)
3
NR 809.205
2. 2,4,5-TP (Silvex)
2
NR 809.20(1)
3
NR 809.205
3. Alachlor
2
NR 809.20(1)
3
NR 809.205
4. Atrazine
2
NR 809.20(1)
3
NR 809.205
5. Benzo(a)pyrene (PAHs)
2
NR 809.20(1)
3
NR 809.205
6. Carbofuran
2
NR 809.20(1)
3
NR 809.205
7. Chlordane
2
NR 809.20(1)
3
NR 809.205
8. Dalapon
2
NR 809.20(1)
3
NR 809.205
9. Di (2-ethylhexyl) adipate
2
NR 809.20(1)
3
NR 809.205
10. Di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate
2
NR 809.20(1)
3
NR 809.205
11. Dibromochloropropane
2
NR 809.20(1)
3
NR809.205
12. Dinoseb
2
NR 809.20(1)
3
NR 809.205
13. Dioxin (2, 3, 7, 8-TCDD)
2
NR 809.20(1)
3
NR809.205
14. Diquat
2
NR 809.20(1)
3
NR 809.205
15. Endothall
2
NR 809.20(1)
3
NR 809.205
16. Endrin
2
NR 809.20(1)
3
NR 809.205
17. Ethylene dibromide
2
NR 809.20(1)
3
NR 809.205
18. Glyphosate
2
NR 809.20(1)
3
NR 809.205
19. Heptachlor
2
NR 809.20(1)
3
NR 809.205
20. Heptachlor epoxide
2
NR 809.20(1)
3
NR 809.205
21. Hexachlorobenzene
2
NR 809.20(1)
3
NR 809.205
22. Hexachlorocyclo-pentadiene
2
NR 809.20(1)
3
NR 809.205
23. Lindane
2
NR 809.20(1)
3
NR 809.205
24. Methoxychlor
2
NR 809.20(1)
3
NR 809.205
25. Oxamyl (Vydate)
2
NR 809.20(1)
3
NR 809.205
26. Pentachlorophenol
2
NR 809.20(1)
3
NR 809.205
27. Picloram
2
NR 809.20(1)
3
NR 809.205
28. Polychlorinated biphenyls
2
NR 809.20(1)
3
NR 809.205
29. Simazine
2
NR 809.20(1)
3
NR 809.205
30. Toxaphene
2
NR 809.20(1)
3
NR 809.205
E. Volatile Organic Chemicals (VOCs)
2
NR 809.24(1)
3
NR 809.245
1. Benzene
2
NR 809.24(1)
3
NR 809.245
2. Carbon tetrachloride
2
NR 809.24(1)
3
NR 809.245
3. Chlorobenzene (monochlorobenzene)
2
NR 809.24(1)
3
NR 809.245
4. o-Dichlorobenzene
2
NR 809.24(1)
3
NR 809.245
5. p-Dichlorobenzene
2
NR 809.24(1)
3
NR 809.245
6. 1,2-Dichloroethane
2
NR 809.24(1)
3
NR 809.245
7. 1,1-Dichloroethylene
2
NR 809.24(1)
3
NR 809.245
8. cis-1,2-Dichloroethylene
2
NR 809.24(1)
3
NR 809.245
9. trans-1,2-Dichloroethylene
2
NR 809.24(1)
3
NR 809.245
10. Dichloromethane
2
NR 809.24(1)
3
NR 809.245
11. 1,2-Dichloropropane
2
NR 809.24(1)
3
NR 809.245
12. Ethylbenzene
2
NR 809.24(1)
3
NR 809.245
13. Styrene
2
NR 809.24(1)
3
NR 809.245
14. Tetrachloroethylene
2
NR 809.24(1)
3
NR 809.245
15. Toluene
2
NR 809.24(1)
3
NR 809.245
16. 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene
2
NR 809.24(1)
3
NR 809.245
17. 1,1,1-Trichloroethane
2
NR 809.24(1)
3
NR 809.245
18. 1,1,2-Trichloroethane
2
NR 809.24(1)
3
NR 809.245
19. Trichloroethylene
2
NR 809.24(1)
3
NR 809.245
20. Vinyl chloride
2
NR 809.24(1)
3
NR 809.245
21. Xylenes (total)
2
NR 809.24(1)
3
NR 809.245
F. Radioactive Contaminants
1. Beta/photon emitters
2
NR 809.51
3
NR 809.52(1),
NR 809.53(2)
2. Alpha emitters
2
NR 809.50(2)
3
NR 809.52(1),
NR 809.53(1)
3. Combined radium (226 & 228)
2
NR 809.50(1)
3
NR 809.52(1),
NR 809.53(1)
G. Disinfection Byproducts (DBPs), Byproduct
								  Precursors, Disinfectant Residuals. Where disinfection is used in the treatment
								  of drinking water, disinfectants combine with organic and inorganic matter
								  present in water to form chemicals called disinfection byproducts. EPA sets
								  standards for controlling the levels of disinfectants and disinfection
								  byproducts in drinking water, including trihalomethanes and haloacetic acids. 
								  9
1. Total trihalomethanes
2
NR 809.561(1)
3
NR 809.565(1)-(2)
2. Haloacetic Acids
2
NR 809.561(1)
3
NR 809.565(1)-(2)
3. Bromate
2
NR 809.561(2)
3
NR 809.565(1), (3)
4. Chlorite
2
NR 809.561(2)
3
NR 809.565(1), (3)
5. Chlorine (MRDL)
2
NR 809.561(2)
NR 809.566(3) (a)
2
NR 809.565(1), (4) NR 809.566(3)(a)
6. Chloramine (MRDL)
2
NR 809.561(2)
NR 809.566(3) (a)
3
NR 809.565(1), (4) NR 809.566(3)(a)
7. Chlorine dioxide (MRDL), where any 2
								  consecutive daily samples at entrance to distribution system only are above
								  MRDL
2
NR 809.566(1), (3) (b)
2, 311
NR 809.565(1), (4)
8. Chlorine dioxide (MRDL), where samples in
								  distribution system the next day are also above MRDL
110
NR 809.566(1), (3) (b)
1
NR 809.565(1), (4)
9. Control of disinfection byproducts precursors
								  - TOC (TT)
2
NR 809.569
3
NR 809.565(1),(5)
10. Bench marking and disinfection
								  profiling
N/A
N/A
3
NR 810.32
11. Development of monitoring plan
N/A
N/A
3
NR 809.565(6)
H. Other Treatment Techniques
1. Acrylamide (TT)
2
NR 809.25(4)
N/A
N/A
2. Epichlorohydrin (TT)
2
NR 809.25(4)
N/A
N/A
II. Unregulated Contaminant
								  Monitoring:12
A. Unregulated contaminants
N/A
N/A
3
NR 809.25;
								  40
								  CFR Part 141, Section 141.40
B. Nickel
N/A
N/A
3
NR 809.115(3) Table A
III. Public Notification for Conditional
								  Waivers and Variances
A. Operation under a conditional waiver or
								  variance
3
NR 809.91
N/A
N/A
B. Violation of a conditional waiver or
								  variance
2
NR 809 Subch. VI
N/A
N/A
IV. Other Situations Requiring Public
								  Notification:
A. Fluoride secondary maximum contaminant level
								  exceedance
3
NR 809.70
N/A
N/A
B. Exceedance of nitrate MCL for non-community
								  systems, as allowed by the department
1
NR 809.11(3)
N/A
N/A
C. Availability of unregulated contaminant
								  monitoring data
3
NR 809.956
N/A
N/A
D. Waterborne disease outbreak
1
NR 809.04(90)
NR 809.80(6) (e),
NR 809.951(1) (b) 7.
N/A
N/A
E. Other waterborne
								  emergency13
1
NR 809.951(1) (b) 8.
N/A
N/A
F. Other situations as determined by the
								  department
1, 2, 314
N/A
N/A
N/A
G. Groundwater Rule TT violations for failure to
								  complete corrective actions according to a state approved schedule
2
NR 809.328(2)
N/A
N/A
Appendix A Footnotes
1 Violations and other
					 situations not listed in this table, for example, reporting violations and
					 failure to prepare Consumer Confidence Reports, do not require notice, unless
					 otherwise determined by the department. The department may also require a more
					 stringent public notice tier, for example, Tier 1 instead of Tier 2 or Tier 2
					 instead of Tier 3, for specific violations and situations listed in this
					 Appendix, as authorized under s. NR 809.951(1) and s. NR 809.952(1).
2 MCL--Maximum contaminant
					 level, MRDL-Maximum residual disinfectant level, TT-Treatment technique.
3 The term Violations of
					 National Primary Drinking Water Regulations is used here to include violations
					 of MCL, MRDL, TT, monitoring and testing procedure requirements.
4 Failure to test for
E.
					 coli
is a Tier 1 violation if testing is not done after any repeat
					 sample tests positive for coliform. All other total coliform monitoring and
					 testing procedure violations are Tier 3.
5 Water supplier for public
					 water systems that violate the turbidity MCL of 5 NTU based on an average of
					 measurements over 2 consecutive days shall consult with the department within
					 24 hours after learning of the violation. Based on this consultation, the
					 department may subsequently decide to elevate the violation to Tier 1. If a
					 water supplier is unable to make contact with the department in the 24-hour
					 period, the violation is automatically elevated to Tier 1.
6 Water supplier for public
					 water systems with a treatment technique violation involving a single
					 exceedance of a maximum turbidity limit under the Surface Water Treatment Rule
					 or the Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule are required to consult
					 with the department within 24 hours after learning of the violation. Based on
					 this consultation, the department may subsequently decide to elevate the
					 violation to Tier 1. If a water supplier is unable to make contact with the
					 department in the 24-hour period, the violation is automatically elevated to
					 Tier 1.
7 Most of the requirements of
					 the Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule (63 FR 69477) become
					 effective January 1, 2002 for public water systems using surface water or
					 groundwater under the direct influence of surface water serving at least 10,000
					 persons. However, s. NR 809.77 has some requirements that become effective as
					 early as April 16, 1999. The Surface Water Treatment Rule remains in effect for
					 public water systems serving at least 10,000 persons even after 2002; the
					 Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule adds additional requirements and
					 does not in many cases supersede the Surface Water Treatment Rule.
8 Failure to take a confirmation
					 sample within 24 hours for nitrate or nitrite after an initial sample exceeds
					 the MCL is a Tier 1 violation. Other monitoring violations for nitrate are Tier
					 3.
9 Public water water systems
					 using surface water or groundwater under the direct influence of surface water
					 community and non-transient non-community systems serving greater than or equal
					 to 10,000 must comply with the new disinfection byproducts MCLs, disinfectant
					 MRDLs, and related monitoring requirements beginning January 1, 2002. All other
					 community and non-transient non-community systems must meet the MCLs and MRDLs
					 beginning January 1, 2004. Public water systems using surface water or
					 groundwater under the direct influence of surface water transient non-community
					 systems serving 10,000 or more persons and using chlorine dioxide as a
					 disinfectant or oxidant must comply with the chlorine dioxide MRDL beginning
					 January 1, 2002. Public water systems using surface water or groundwater under
					 the direct influence of surface water transient non-community systems serving
					 fewer than 10,000 persons and using only groundwater not under the direct
					 influence of surface water and using chlorine dioxide as a disinfectant or
					 oxidant must comply with the chlorine dioxide MRDL beginning January 1,
					 2004.
10 If any daily sample taken at
					 the entrance to the distribution system exceeds the MRDL for chlorine dioxide
					 and one or more samples taken in the distribution system the next day exceed
					 the MRDL, Tier 1 notification is required. Failure to take the required samples
					 in the distribution system after the MRDL is exceeded at the entry point also
					 triggers Tier 1 notification.
11 Failure to monitor for
					 chlorine dioxide at the entrance to the distribution system the day after
					 exceeding the MRDL at the entrance to the distribution system is a Tier 2
					 violation.
12 Some public water systems
					 must monitor for certain unregulated contaminants listed in s. NR
					 809.25.
13 Other waterborne emergencies
					 require a Tier 1 public notice under
					 40 CFR
					 141.202(a) or s. NR
					 809.951(1) (b) 8. for situations that do not meet the definition of a
					 waterborne disease outbreak given in
					 40
					 CFR 141.2 or s. NR 809.04(90) but that still
					 have the potential to have serious adverse effects on health as a result of
					 short-term exposure. These could include outbreaks not related to treatment
					 deficiencies, as well as situations that have the potential to cause outbreaks,
					 such as failure or significant interruption in water treatment processes,
					 natural disasters that disrupt the water supply, chemical spills, or unexpected
					 loading of possible pathogens into the source water.
14 The department may place
					 other situations in any tier they believe appropriate, based on threat to
					 public safety.
15 Failure to collect three or
					 more samples for
Cryptosporidium
analysis is a Tier 2
					 violation requiring special notice as specified in Section 141.211. All other
					 monitoring and testing procedure violations are Tier 3.
Appendix B to Subchapter VII
Standard Health Effects Language for Public
					 Notification
Contaminant
MCLG1
									 mg/L
MCL2
								  mg/L
Standard health effects language for public
								  notification
National Primary Drinking Water
								  Regulations:
A. Microbiological Contaminants: 1 a.
E.
								  coli
Zero
In compliance unless one of the following
								  conditions occurs:
(1) The system has an
E.
								  coli
-positive repeat sample following a total coliform-positive
								  routine sample.
(2) The system has a total coliform-positive
								  repeat sample following an
E. coli
-positive routine
								  sample.
(3) The system fails to take all required repeat
								  samples following an
E. coli
-positive routine sample.
(4) The system fails to test for
E. coli
when any repeat sample tests positive for total coliform.
E. coli
are bacteria whose
								  presence indicate that the water may be contaminated with human or animal
								  wastes. Human pathogens in these wastes can cause short-term effects, such as
								  diarrhea, cramps, nausea, headaches, or other symptoms. They may pose a special
								  health risk for infants, young children, some of the elderly, and people with
								  severely compromised immune systems.
1 b. Coliform Assessment or Corrective Action
								  Violations, or both
N/A
TT
Coliforms are bacteria that are naturally present
								  in the environment and are used as an indicator that other, potentially
								  harmful, waterborne pathogens may be present or that a potential pathway exists
								  through which contamination may enter the drinking water distribution system.
								  We found coliforms indicating the need to look for potential problems in water
								  treatment or distribution. When this occurs, we are required to conduct
								  assessments to identify problems and to correct any problems that are
								  found.
[THE SYSTEM MUST USE THE FOLLOWING APPLICABLE
								  SENTENCES.]
We failed to conduct the required
								  assessment.
We failed to correct all identified sanitary
								  defects that were found during the assessments.
1 c.
E.coli
Assessment or
								  Corrective Action Violations, or both
N/A
TT
E. coli
are bacteria whose
								  presence indicates that the water may be contaminated with human or animal
								  wastes. Human pathogens in these wastes can cause short-term effects, such as
								  diarrhea, cramps, nausea, headaches, or other symptoms. They may pose a greater
								  health risk for infants, young children, the elderly, and people with severely
								  compromised immune systems. We violated the standard for
E.
								  coli
, indicating the need to look for potential problems in water
								  treatment or distribution. When this occurs, we are required to conduct a
								  detailed assessment to identify problems and to correct any problems that are
								  found. [THE SYSTEM MUST USE THE FOLLOWING APPLICABLE SENTENCES.]
We failed to conduct the required
										  assessment.
We failed to correct all identified
										  sanitary defects that were found during the assessment that we
										  conducted.
1 d. Seasonal System TT Violations
N/A
TT
When this violation includes the failure to
								  monitor for total coliforms or
E. coli
prior to serving water
								  to the public, the mandatory language found at s. NR 809.954(4) (b) must be
								  used.
When this violation includes failure to
										  complete other actions, the appropriate elements found in s. NR 809.954(1) to
										  describe the violation must be used.
1 e. Fecal indicators (GWR):
E. coli
ii. Enterococci,
iii. Coliphage
Zero
None
None
TT
TT
TT
Fecal indicators are microbes whose presence
								  indicates that the water may be contaminated with human or animal wastes.
								  Microbes in these wastes can cause short-term health effects, such as diarrhea,
								  cramps, nausea, headaches, or other symptoms. They may pose a special health
								  risk for infants, young children, some of the elderly, and people with severely
								  compromised immune systems.
1 f. Groundwater Rule (GWR) TT violations.
None
TT
Inadequately treated or inadequately protected
								  water may contain disease-causing organisms. These organisms can cause symptoms
								  such as diarrhea, nausea, cramps, and associated headaches.
2 a. Turbidity
								  (MCL)4
None
1 NTU5/5 NTU
Turbidity has no health effects. However,
								  turbidity can interfere with disinfection and provide a medium for microbial
								  growth. Turbidity may indicate the presence of disease-causing organisms. These
								  organisms include bacteria, viruses, and parasites that can cause symptoms such
								  as nausea, cramps, diarrhea and associated headaches.
2 b. Turbidity (SWTR
								  TT)6
None
TT7
Turbidity has no health effects. However,
								  turbidity can interfere with disinfection and provide a medium for microbial
								  growth. Turbidity may indicate the presence of disease-causing organisms. These
								  organisms include bacteria, viruses, and parasites that can cause symptoms such
								  as nausea, cramps, diarrhea and associated headaches.
2 c. Turbidity (IESWTR
								  TT)8
None
TT
Turbidity has no health effects. However,
								  turbidity can interfere with disinfection and provide a medium for microbial
								  growth. Turbidity may indicate the presence of disease-causing organisms. These
								  organisms include bacteria, viruses, and parasites that can cause symptoms such
								  as nausea, cramps, diarrhea and associated headaches.
B. Surface Water Treatment Rule and Interim
								  Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule violations:
3. Giardia lamblia
Zero
TT9
Inadequately treated water may contain
								  disease-causing organisms. These organisms include bacteria, viruses, and
								  parasites which can cause symptoms such as nausea, cramps, diarrhea, and
								  associated headaches.
4. Viruses
5. Heterotrophic plate count
								  bac-teria10
6. Legionella
7. Cryptosporidium
C. Inorganic Chemicals:
8. Antimony
0.006
0.006
Some people who drink water containing antimony
								  well in excess of the MCL over many years could experience increases in blood
								  cholesterol and decreases in blood sugar.
9. Arsenic
0
0.010
Some people who drink water containing arsenic in
								  excess of the MCL over many years could experience skin damage or problems with
								  their circulatory system, and may have an increased risk of getting
								  cancer.
10. Asbestos (10 µm)
7 MFL11
7 MFL11
Some people who drink water containing asbestos
								  in excess of the MCL over many years may have an increased risk of developing
								  benign intestinal polyps.
11. Barium
2
2
Some people who drink water containing barium in
								  excess of the MCL over many years could experience an increase in their blood
								  pressure.
12. Beryllium
0.004
0.004
Some people who drink water containing beryllium
								  well in excess of the MCL over many years could develop intestinal
								  lesions.
13. Cadmium
0.005
0.005
Some people who drink water containing cadmium in
								  excess of the MCL over many years could experience kidney damage.
14. Chromium (total)
0.1
0.1
Some people who use water containing chromium
								  well in excess of the MCL over many years could experience allergic
								  dermatitis.
15. Cyanide
0.2
0.2
Some people who drink water containing cyanide
								  well in excess of the MCL over many years could experience nerve damage or
								  problems with their thyroid.
16. Fluoride
4.0
4.0
Some people who drink water containing fluoride
								  in excess of the MCL over many years could get bone disease, including pain and
								  tenderness of the bones. Fluoride in drinking water at half the MCL or more may
								  cause mottling of children's teeth, usually in children less than 9 years old.
								  Mottling, also known as dental fluorosis, may include brown staining and/or
								  pitting of the teeth, and occurs only in developing teeth before they erupt
								  from the gums.
17. Mercury (inorganic)
0.002
0.002
Some people who drink water containing inorganic
								  mercury well in excess of the MCL over many years could experience kidney
								  damage.
18. Nitrate
10
10
Infants below the age of 6 months who drink water
								  containing nitrate in excess of the MCL could become seriously ill and, if
								  untreated, may die. Symptoms include shortness of breath and blue baby
								  syndrome. Females who are or may become pregnant should not consume water with
								  nitrate concentrations that exceed the MCL. There is some evidence of an
								  association between exposure to high nitrate levels in drinking water during
								  the first weeks of pregnancy and certain birth defects.
19. Nitrite
1
1
Infants below the age of 6 months who drink water
								  containing nitrite in excess of the MCL could become seriously ill and, if
								  untreated, may die. Symptoms include shortness of breath and blue baby
								  syndrome.
20. Total Nitrate and Nitrite
10
10
Infants below the age of 6 months who drink water
								  containing nitrate and nitrite in excess of the MCL could become seriously ill
								  and, if untreated, may die. Symptoms include shortness of breath and blue baby
								  syndrome.
21. Selenium
0.05
0.05
Selenium is an essential nutrient. However, some
								  people who drink water containing selenium in excess of the MCL over many years
								  could experience hair or fingernail losses, numbness in fingers or toes, or
								  problems with their circulation.
22. Thallium
0.0005
0.002
Some people who drink water containing thallium
								  in excess of the MCL over many years could experience hair loss, changes in
								  their blood, or problems with their kidneys, intestines, or liver.
D. Lead and Copper Rule:
23. Lead
Zero
TT12
Infants and children who drink water containing
								  lead in excess of the action level could experience delays in their physical or
								  mental development. Children could show slight deficits in attention span and
								  learning abilities. Adults who drink this water over many years could develop
								  kidney problems or high blood pressure.
24. Copper
1.3
TT13
Copper is an essential nutrient, but some people
								  who drink water containing copper in excess of the action level over a
								  relatively short amount of time could experience gastrointestinal distress.
								  Some people who drink water containing copper in excess of the action level
								  over many years could suffer liver or kidney damage. People with Wilson's
								  Disease should consult their personal doctor.
E. Synthetic Organic Chemicals:
25. 2,4-D
0.07
0.07
Some people who drink water containing the weed
								  killer 2,4-D well in excess of the MCL over many years could experience
								  problems with their kidneys, liver, or adrenal glands.
26. 2,4,5-TP (Silvex)
0.05
0.05
Some people who drink water containing silvex in
								  excess of the MCL over many years could experience liver problems.
27. Alachlor
Zero
0.002
Some people who drink water containing alachlor
								  in excess of the MCL over many years could have problems with their eyes,
								  liver, kidneys, or spleen, or experience anemia, and may have an increased risk
								  of getting cancer.
28. Atrazine
0.003
0.003
Some people who drink water containing atrazine
								  well in excess of the MCL over many years could experience problems with their
								  cardiovascular system or reproductive difficulties.
29. Benzo(a)pyrene (PAHs)
Zero
0.0002
Some people who drink water containing
								  benzo(a)pyrene in excess of the MCL over many years may experience reproductive
								  difficulties and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
30. Carbofuran
0.04
0.04
Some people who drink water containing carbofuran
								  in excess of the MCL over many years could experience problems with their
								  blood, or nervous or reproductive systems.
31. Chlordane
Zero
0.002
Some people who drink water containing chlordane
								  in excess of the MCL over many years could experience problems with their liver
								  or nervous system, and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
32. Dalapon
0.2
0.2
Some people who drink water containing dalapon
								  well in excess of the MCL over many years could experience minor kidney
								  changes.
33. Di (2-ethylhexyl) adipate
0.4
0.4
Some people who drink water containing di
								  (2-ethylhexyl) adipate well in excess of the MCL over many years could
								  experience toxic effects such as weight loss, liver enlargement or possible
								  reproductive difficulties.
34. Di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate
Zero
0.006
Some people who drink water containing di
								  (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate well in excess of the MCL over many years may have
								  problems with their liver, or experience reproductive difficulties, and may
								  have an increased risk of getting cancer.
35. Dibromochloropropane
Zero
0.0002
Some people who drink water containing DBCP in
								  excess of the MCL over many years could experience reproductive difficulties
								  and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
36. Dinoseb
0.007
0.007
Some people who drink water containing dinoseb
								  well in excess of the MCL over many years could experience reproductive
								  difficulties.
37. Dioxin (2,3,7,8-TCDD)
Zero
3x10-8
Some people who drink water containing dioxin in
								  excess of the MCL over many years could experience reproductive difficulties
								  and many have an increased risk of getting cancer.
38. Diquat
0.02
0.02
Some people who drink water containing diquat in
								  excess of the MCL over many years could get cataracts.
39. Endothall
0.1
0.1
Some people who drink water containing endothall
								  in excess of the MCL over many years could experience problems with their
								  stomach or intestine.
40. Endrin
0.002
0.002
Some people who drink water containing endrin in
								  excess of the MCL over many years could experience liver problems.
41. Ethylene dibromide
Zero
0.00005
Some people who drink water containing ethylene
								  dibromide in excess of the MCL over many years could experience problems with
								  their liver, stomach, reproductive system, or kidneys, and may have an
								  increased risk of getting cancer.
42. Glyphosate
0.7
0.7
Some people who drink water containing glyphosate
								  in excess of the MCL over many years could experience problems with their
								  kidneys or reproductive difficulties.
43. Heptachlor
Zero
0.0004
Some people who drink water containing heptachlor
								  in excess of the MCL over many years could experience liver damage and may have
								  an increased risk of getting cancer.
44. Heptachlor epoxide
Zero
0.0002
Some people who drink water containing heptachlor
								  epoxide in excess of the MCL over many years could experience liver damage, and
								  may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
45. Hexachlorobenzene
Zero
0.001
Some people who drink water containing
								  hexachlorobenzene in excess of the MCL over many years could experience
								  problems with their liver or kidneys, or adverse reproductive effects, and may
								  have an increased risk of getting cancer.
46. Hexachlorocyclopentadiene
0.05
0.05
Some people who drink water containing
								  hexachlorocyclopentadiene well in excess of the MCL over many years could
								  experience problems with their kidneys or stomach.
47. Lindane
0.0002
0.0002
Some people who drink water containing lindane in
								  excess of the MCL over many years could experience problems with their kidneys
								  or liver.
48. Methoxychlor
0.04
0.04
Some people who drink water containing
								  methoxychlor in excess of the MCL over many years could experience reproductive
								  difficulties.
49. Oxamyl (Vydate)
0.2
0.2
Some people who drink water containing oxamyl in
								  excess of the MCL over many years could experience slight nervous system
								  effects.
50. Pentachlorophenol
Zero
0.001
Some people who drink water containing
								  pentachlorophenol in excess of the MCL over many years could experience
								  problems with their liver or kidneys, and may have an increased risk of getting
								  cancer.
51. Picloram
0.5
0.5
Some people who drink water containing picloram
								  in excess of the MCL over many years could experience problems with their
								  liver.
52. Polychlorinated biphenyls
Zero
0.0005
Some people who drink water containing PCBs in
								  excess of the MCL over many years could experience changes in their skin,
								  problems with their thymus gland, immune deficiencies, or reproductive or
								  nervous system difficulties, and may have an increased risk of getting
								  cancer.
53. Simazine
0.004
0.004
Some people who drink water containing simazine
								  in excess of the MCL over many years could experience problems with their
								  blood.
54. Toxaphene
Zero
0.003
Some people who drink water containing toxaphene
								  in excess of the MCL over many years could have problems with their kidneys,
								  liver, or thyroid, and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
F. Volatile Organic Chemicals:
55. Benzene
Zero
0.005
Some people who drink water containing benzene in
								  excess of the MCL over many years could experience anemia or a decrease in
								  blood platelets, and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
56. Carbon tetrachloride
Zero
0.005
Some people who drink water containing carbon
								  tetrachloride in excess of the MCL over many years could experience problems
								  with their liver and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
57. Chlorobenzene (monochlorobenzene)
0.1
0.1
Some people who drink water containing
								  chlorobenzene in excess of the MCL over many years could experience problems
								  with their liver r kidneys.
58.
o
-Dichlorobenzene
0.6
0.6
Some people who drink water containing
								  o-dichlorobenzene well in excess of the MCL over many years could experience
								  problems with their liver, kidneys, or circulatory systems.
59.
p
-Dichlorobenzene
0.075
0.075
Some people who drink water containing
								  p-dichlorobenzene in excess of the MCL over many years could experience anemia,
								  damage to their liver, kidneys, or spleen, or changes in their blood.
60. 1,2-Dichloroethane
Zero
0.005
Some people who drink water containing
								  1,2-dichloroethane in excess of the MCL over many years may have an increased
								  risk of getting cancer.
61. 1,1-Dichloroethylene
0.007
0.007
Some people who drink water containing
								  1,1-dichloroethylene in excess of the MCL over many years could experience
								  problems with their liver.
62.
cis
-1,2-Dichloroethylene
0.07
0.07
Some people who drink water containing
								  cis-1,2-dichloroethylene in excess of the MCL over many years could experience
								  problems with their liver.
63.
trans
-1,2-Dichloroethylene
0.1
0.1
Some people who drink water containing
								  trans-1,2-dichloroethylene well in excess of the MCL over many years could
								  experience problems with their liver.
64. Dichloromethane
Zero
0.005
Some people who drink water containing
								  dichloromethane in excess of the MCL over many years could have liver problems
								  and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
65. 1,2-Dichloropropane
Zero
0.005
Some people who drink water containing
								  1,2-dichloropropane in excess of the MCL over many years may have an increased
								  risk of getting cancer.
66. Ethylbenzene
0.7
0.7
Some people who drink water containing
								  ethylbenzene well in excess of the MCL over many years could experience
								  problems with their liver or kidneys.
67. Styrene
0.1
0.1
Some people who drink water containing styrene
								  well in excess of the MCL over many years could have problems with their liver,
								  kidneys, or circulatory system.
68. Tetrachloroethylene
Zero
0.005
Some people who drink water containing
								  tetrachloroethylene in excess of the MCL over many years could have problems
								  with their liver, and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
69. Toluene
1
1
Some people who drink water containing toluene
								  well in excess of the MCL over many years could have problems with their
								  nervous system, kidneys, or liver.
70. 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene
0.07
0.07
Some people who drink water containing
								  1,2,4-trichlorobenzene well in excess of the MCL over many years could
								  experience changes in their adrenal glands.
71. 1,1,1-Trichloroethane
0.2
0.2
Some people who drink water containing
								  1,1,1-trichloroethane in excess of the MCL over many years could experience
								  problems with their liver, nervous system, or circulatory system.
72. 1,1,2-Trichloroethane
0.003
0.005
Some people who drink water containing
								  1,1,2-trichloroethane well in excess of the MCL over many years could have
								  problems with their liver, kidneys, or immune systems.
73. Trichloroethylene
Zero
0.005
Some people who drink water containing
								  trichloroethylene in excess of the MCL over many years could experience
								  problems with their liver and may have an increased risk of getting
								  cancer.
74. Vinyl chloride
Zero
0.002
Some people who drink water containing vinyl
								  chloride in excess of the MCL over many years may have an increased risk of
								  getting cancer.
75. Xylenes (total)
10
10
Some people who drink water containing xylenes in
								  excess of the MCL over many years could experience damage to their nervous
								  system.
G. Radioactive Contaminants:
76. Beta/photon emitters
Zero
4 mrem/yr14
Certain minerals are radioactive and may emit
								  forms of radiation known as photons and beta radiation. Some people who drink
								  water containing beta and photon emitters in excess of the MCL over many years
								  may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
77. Alpha emitters
Zero
15 pCi/L15
Certain minerals are radioactive and may emit a
								  form of radiation known as alpha radiation. Some people who drink water
								  containing alpha emitters in excess of the MCL over many years may have an
								  increased risk getting cancer.
78. Combined radium (226 & 228)
Zero
5 pCi/L
Some people who drink water containing radium 226
								  and 228 in excess of the MCL over many years may have an increased risk of
								  getting cancer.
H. Disinfection Byproducts, Byproduct Precursors,
								  and Disinfectant Residuals: Where disinfection is used in the treatment of
								  drinking water, disinfectants combine with organic and inorganic matter present
								  in water to form chemicals called disinfection byproducts. EPA sets standards
								  for controlling the levels of disinfectants and DBPs in drinking water,
								  including trihalomethanes and haloacetic
								  acids:16
79. Total trihalomethanes
N/A
0.8017
Some people who drink water containing
								  trihalomethanes in excess of the MCL over many years may experience problems
								  with their liver, kidneys, or central nervous system, and may have an increased
								  risk of getting cancer.
80. Haloacetic Acids
N/A
0.06018
Some people who drink water containing haloacetic
								  acids in excess of the MCL over many years may have increased risk of getting
								  cancer.
81. Bromate
Zero
0.010
Some people who drink water containing bromate in
								  excess of the MCL over many years may have an increased risk of getting
								  cancer.
82. Chlorite
0.08
1.0
Some infants and young children who drink water
								  containing chlorite in excess of the MCL could experience nervous system
								  effects. Similar effects may occur in fetuses of pregnant women who drink water
								  containing chlorite in excess of the MCL. Some people may experience
								  anemia.
83. Chlorine
4 (MRDLG)19
4.0 (MRDL)20
Some people who use water containing chlorine
								  well in excess of the MRDL could experience irritating effects to their eyes
								  and nose. Some people who drink water containing chlorine well in excess of the
								  MRDL could experience stomach discomfort.
84. Chloramines
4 (MRDLG)
4.0 (MRDL)
Some people who use water containing chloramines
								  well in excess of the MRDL could experience irritating effects to their eyes
								  and nose. Some people who drink water containing chloramines well in excess of
								  the MRDL could experience stomach discomfort or anemia.
85a. Chlorine dioxide, where any 2 consecutive
								  daily samples taken at the entrance to the distribution system are above the
								  MRDL.
0.8 (MRDLG)
0.8 (MRDL)
Some infants and young children who drink water
								  containing chlorine dioxide in excess of the MRDL could experience nervous
								  system effects. Similar effects may occur in fetuses of pregnant women who
								  drink water containing chlorine dioxide in excess of the MRDL. Some people may
								  experience anemia.
85b. Chlorine dioxide, where one or more
								  distribution system samples are above the MRDL.
0.8 (MRDLG)
0.8 (MRDL)
Some infants and young children who drink water
								  containing chlorine dioxide in excess of the MRDL could experience nervous
								  system effects. Similar effects may occur in fetuses of pregnant women who
								  drink water containing chlorine dioxide in excess of the MRDL. Some people may
								  experience anemia.
Add for public notification only:
The chlorine dioxide violations reported today include exceedances of
										  the EPA standard within the distribution system which delivers water to
										  consumers. Violations of the chlorine dioxide standard within the distribution
										  system may harm human health based on short-term exposures. Certain groups,
										  including fetuses, infants, and young children, may be especially susceptible
										  to nervous system effects from excessive chlorine dioxide exposure.
86. Control of DBP precursors (TOC)
None
TT
Total organic carbon (TOC) has no health effects.
								  However, total organic carbon provides a medium for the formation of
								  disinfection byproducts. These byproducts include trihalomethanes and
								  haloace-tic acids. Drinking water containing these byproducts in excess of the
								  MCL may lead to adverse health effects, liver or kidney problems, or nervous
								  system effects, and may lead to an increased risk of getting cancer.
I. Other Treatment Techniques:
87. Acrylamide
Zero
TT
Some people who drink water containing high
								  levels of acrylamide over a long period of time could have problems with their
								  nervous system or blood, and may have an increased risk of getting
								  cancer.
88. Epichlorohydrin
Zero
TT
Some people who drink water containing high
								  levels of epichlorohydrin over a long period of time could experience stomach
								  problems, and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Appendix B Footnotes:
1 MCLG--Maximum contaminant
					 level goal.
2 MCL--Maximum contaminant
					 level.
3 For public water systems
					 analyzing at least 40 samples per month, no more than 5.0 percent of the
					 monthly samples may be positive for total coliforms. For public water systems
					 analyzing fewer than 40 samples per month, no more than one sample per month
					 may be positive for total coliforms.
4 There are various regulations
					 that set turbidity standards for different types of public water systems,
					 including
					 40 CFR
					 141.13, the 1989 Surface Water Treatment
					 Rule, and the 1998 Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule. The MCL for
					 the monthly turbidity average is 1 NTU; the MCL for the 2-day average is 5 NTU
					 for public water systems that are required to filter but have not yet installed
					 filtration (40 CFR
					 141.13) .
5 NTU--Nephelometric turbidity
					 unit.
6 There are various regulations
					 that set turbidity standards for different types of public water systems,
					 including
					 40 CFR
					 141.13, the 1989 Surface Water Treatment
					 Rule, and the 1998 Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule. Systems
					 subject to the Surface Water Treatment Rule (both filtered and unfiltered) may
					 not exceed 5 NTU. In addition, in filtered systems, 95 percent of samples each
					 month shall not exceed 0.5 NTU in public water systems using conventional or
					 direct filtration and shall not exceed 1 NTU in public water systems using slow
					 sand or diatomaceous earth filtration or other filtration technologies approved
					 by the department.
7 TT--Treatment
					 technique.
8 There are various regulations
					 that set turbidity standards for different types of public water systems,
					 including
					 40 CFR
					 141.13, the 1989 Surface Water Treatment
					 Rule, and the 1998 Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule. For public
					 water systems subject to the interim enhanced surface water treatment rule
					 (public water systems serving at least 10,000 people, using surface water or
					 groundwater under the direct influence of surface water), that use conventional
					 filtration or direct filtration, after January 1, 2002, the turbidity level of
					 a public water system's combined filter effluent may not exceed 0.3 NTU in at
					 least 95 percent of monthly measurements, and the turbidity level of a public
					 water system's combined filter effluent shall not exceed 1 NTU at any time.
					 Public water systems subject to the interim enhanced surface water treatment
					 rule using technologies other than conventional, direct, slow sand, or
					 diatomaceous earth filtration shall meet turbidity limits set by the
					 department.
9 Surface water treatment rule
					 and interim enhanced surface water treatment rule treatment technique
					 violations that involve turbidity exceedances may use the health effects
					 language for turbidity instead.
10 The bacteria detected by
					 heterotrophic plate count are not necessarily harmful. HPC is simply an
					 alternative method of determining disinfectant residual levels. The number of
					 bacteria is an indicator of whether there is enough disinfectant in the
					 distribution system.
11 Million fibers per
					 liter.
12 Action Level = 0.015
					 mg/L.
13 Action Level = 1.3
					 mg/L.
14 Millirems per year.
15 Picocuries per liter.
16 Surface water systems and
					 groundwater systems under the direct influence of surface water are regulated
					 under Subpart H of 40 CFR part 141 . Community and non-transient non-community
					 systems using groundwater under the direct influence of surface water serving
					 10,000 or more shall comply with DBP MCLs and disinfectant maximum residual
					 disinfectant levels beginning January 1, 2002. All other community and
					 non-transient non-community systems shall meet the MCLs and MRDLs beginning
					 January 1, 2004. Transient non-community systems using groundwater under the
					 direct influence of surface water serving 10,000 or more persons and using
					 chlorine dioxide as a disinfectant or oxidant shall comply with the chlorine
					 dioxide MRDL beginning January 1, 2002. Transient non-community systems using
					 groundwater under the direct influence of surface water serving fewer than
					 10,000 persons and public water systems using only groundwater not under the
					 direct influence of surface water and using chlorine dioxide as a disinfectant
					 or oxidant shall comply with the chlorine dioxide MRDL beginning January 1,
					 2004.
17 The MCL for total
					 trihalomethanes is the sum of the concentrations of the individual
					 trihalomethanes.
18 The MCL for haloacetic acids
					 is the sum of the concentrations of the individual haloacetic acids.
19 MRDLG - Maximum residual
					 disinfectant level goal.
20 MRDL - Maximum residual
					 disinfectant level.
Appendix C to Subchapter VII
List of Acronyms Used in Public Notification
					 Regulation
CCR......
Consumer Confidence Report
CWS......
Community Water System
DBP......
Disinfection Byproduct
EPA......
Environmental Protection Agency
HPC......
Heterotrophic Plate Count
IESWTR.....
Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment
								  Rule
IOC.......
Inorganic Chemical
LCR......
Lead and Copper Rule
MCL......
Maximum Contaminant Level
MCLG......
Maximum Contaminant Level Goal
MRDL......
Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level
MRDLG......
Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level Goal
NCWS......
Non-Community Water System
NPDWR......
National Primary Drinking Water Regulation
NTNCWS......
Non-Transient Non-Community Water System
NTU......
Nephelometric Turbidity Unit
OGWDW......
Office of Groundwater and Drinking Water
OW.......
Office of Water
PN.......
Public Notification
PWS......
Public Water System
SDWA......
Safe Drinking Water Act
SMCL......
Secondary Maximum Contaminant Level
SOC......
Synthetic Organic Chemical
SWTR......
Surface Water Treatment Rule
TCR......
Total Coliform Rule
TT........
Treatment Technique
TWS......
Transient Non-Community Water System
VOC......
Volatile Organic Chemical