Washington Administrative Code › Title 296 - Labor and Industries, Department of › Chapter 296-876 - Ladders, portable and fixed › Section 296-876-099 - Definitions Cage

Current through Register Vol. 24-14, July 15, 2024
An enclosure mounted on the side rails of a fixed
				ladder or fastened to a structure behind the fixed ladder that is
				designed to surround the climbing space of a fixed ladder. It may
				also be called a "cage guard" or "basket guard."
Carrier.
The track of a ladder safety
				system that consists of a flexible cable or rigid rail attached, or
				immediately adjacent, to a fixed ladder.
Cleat.
See "rung."
Combination ladder.
See "special-purpose
				ladder."
Competent person.
Is an individual
				knowledgeable of ladders, including the manufacturer's
				recommendations and instructions for the proper use, inspection, and
				maintenance; and who is capable of identifying existing and potential
				ladder hazards; and who has the authority to take prompt corrective
				action to eliminate those hazards; and who is knowledgeable of the
				rules contained in this part regarding the installation, use,
				inspection, and maintenance of ladders.
Equivalent.
Alternative design,
				material, or method to protect against a hazard. You have to
				demonstrate it provides an equal or greater degree of safety for
				employees than the method, material, or design specified in the
				rule.
Extension ladder.
A nonself-supporting
				portable ladder which is adjustable in length.
Failure.
The ladder or ladder component
				loses the ability to carry the load, breaks, or separates into
				component parts.
Fastenings.
Devices to attach a ladder
				to a structure, building, or equipment.
Fixed ladder.
A ladder permanently
				attached to a structure, building, or equipment. Fixed ladders
				include individual-rung ladders, but not ship stairs, step bolts, or
				manhole steps.
Grab bar.
An individual horizontal or
				vertical handhold installed to provide access above the height of the
				ladder.
Job-made ladder.
A ladder that is made,
				not commercially manufactured, to fit a specific job situation. They
				are for temporary use until a particular phase of construction is
				completed or until permanent stairways or fixed ladders are ready to
				use.
Individual-rung/step ladder.
A fixed
				ladder consisting of individual steps or rungs mounted directly to
				the side or wall of the structure, building, or equipment. An
				individual-rung ladder does not include manhole steps.
Ladder.
A device having steps, rungs, or
				cleats that can be used to climb or descend.
Ladder safety device.
Any device, other
				than a cage or well, designed to eliminate or reduce the possibility
				of falling from a ladder. A ladder safety device usually consists of
				a carrier, safety sleeve, lanyard, connectors, and body
				harness.
Ladder type.
The designation that
				identifies the maximum intended load (working load) of the ladder.
				Ladder types are as follows:
Duty Rating
Ladder Type
Use
Maximum
Intended
Load
(pounds)
Extra Heavy-Duty
IA
Industry, utilities, contractors
300
Heavy-Duty
I
Industry, utilities, contractors
250
Medium-Duty
II
Painters, offices, light maintenance
225
Light-Duty
III
General household use
200
Landing.
Any area such as the ground,
				roof, or platform that provides access or egress to a ladder.
Manhole steps.
Steps that are
				individually attached to, or set into, the wall of a manhole
				structure.
Maximum intended load.
The total load of
				all persons, equipment, tools, materials, transmitted loads, and
				other loads reasonably anticipated to be applied to a ladder or
				ladder component at any one time. Sometimes referred to as working
				load.
Mobile.
Manually propelled or
				moveable.
Mobile ladder stand (ladder stand).
A
				mobile, fixed-height, self-supporting ladder that usually consists of
				wheels or casters on a rigid base and steps leading to a top step. A
				mobile ladder stand also may have handrails and is designed for use
				by one employee at a time.
Mobile ladder stand platform.
A mobile,
				fixed-height, self-supporting unit having one or more standing
				platforms that are provided with means of access or egress.
Pitch.
The included angle between the
				horizontal and the ladder, measured on the opposite side of the
				ladder from the climbing side.
Portable ladder.
A ladder that can be
				readily moved or carried.
Qualified.
Describes a person who, by
				possession of a recognized degree, certificate, or professional
				standing, or who by extensive knowledge, training, and experience has
				successfully demonstrated the ability to solve or resolve problems
				relating to the subject matter, the work, or the project.
Reinforced plastic.
A plastic that has
				high-strength fillers embedded in the base resin to increase
				strength.
Reinforced plastic ladder.
A ladder
				whose side rails are reinforced plastic. The crosspieces, hardware,
				and fasteners may be made of metal or other suitable material.
Rung.
A ladder crosspiece used in
				climbing or descending. Also called a cleat or step.
Side-step ladder.
A fixed ladder that
				requires an employee to step sideways from the ladder in order to
				reach a walking-working surface, such as a landing.
Single ladder.
A nonself-supporting
				portable ladder, nonadjustable in length, consisting of one section.
				The size is designated by the overall length of the side rail.
Single-rail ladder.
A portable ladder
				with crosspieces mounted on a single rail. Single-rail ladders are
				prohibited from use.
Special-purpose ladder.
A portable
				ladder that by design can be used as a stepladder, extension ladder,
				trestle ladder, stairway ladder, etc., in order to adapt the ladder
				to special or specific uses. The components of a combination ladder
				also may be used separately as a single ladder.
Step.
See "rung."
Stepladder.
A self-supporting portable
				ladder, nonad-justable in length, with flat steps and hinged at the
				top. The size is designated by the overall length of the ladder
				measured along the front edge of the side rails.
Step bolt.
(Also referred to as "pole
				step") means a bolt or rung attached at intervals along a structural
				member used for foot placement and as a handhold when climbing or
				standing.
Stepstool.
A self-supporting, portable
				ladder that has flat steps and side rails. For purposes of the final
				rule, stepstool includes only those ladders that have a fixed height,
				do not have a pail shelf, and do not exceed thirty-two inches (81 cm)
				in overall height to the top cap, although side rails may extend
				above the top cap. A stepstool is designed so an employee can climb
				and stand on all of the steps and the top cap.
Through ladder.
A fixed ladder that
				allows an employee to step between the side rails of the ladder to
				reach a walking-working surface, such as a landing.
Trestle ladder.
A self-supporting
				portable ladder, non-adjustable in length, consisting of two sections
				hinged at the top to form equal angles with the base. The size is
				designated by the length of the side rails measured along the front
				edge.
Well.
A permanent, complete walled
				enclosure around a fixed ladder.
Working length.
The length of a
				nonself-supporting ladder, measured along the rails, from the base
				support point of the ladder to the point of bearing at the
				top.