Wisconsin Administrative Code › Department of Natural Resources › NR 400-499 - Environmental Protection - Air Pollution Control › Chapter NR 463 - National Emission Standards For Hazardous Air Pollutants For Metals Treating And Processing › Subchapter II - Secondary Aluminum Production › Section NR 463.12 - Definitions

Current through June 24, 2024
For terms not defined in this section, the definitions
					 contained in chs.
					 NR
					 400 and
					 460 apply to the terms in this
					 subchapter, with definitions in ch. NR 460 taking priority over definitions in
					 ch. NR 400. If this section defines a term which is also defined in ch. NR 400
					 or 460, the definition in this section applies in this subchapter. In this
					 subchapter:
(1) "Add-on air pollution
				  control device" means equipment installed on a process vent that reduces the
				  quantity of a pollutant that is emitted to the air.
(2) "Afterburner" means an air pollution
				  control device that uses controlled flame combustion to convert combustible
				  materials to noncombustible gases; also known as an incinerator or a thermal
				  oxidizer.
(3) "Aluminum scrap"
				  means fragments of aluminum stock removed during manufacturing, manufactured
				  aluminum articles or parts rejected or discarded and useful only as material
				  for reprocessing, and waste and discarded material made of aluminum.
(4) "Aluminum scrap shredder" means a unit
				  that crushes, grinds or breaks aluminum scrap into a more uniform size prior to
				  processing or charging to a scrap dryer, delacquering kiln, decoating kiln or
				  furnace. A bale breaker is not an aluminum scrap shredder.
(5) "Bag leak detection system" means an
				  instrument that is capable of monitoring particulate matter loadings in the
				  exhaust of a baghouse in order to detect bag failures. A bag leak detection
				  system may operate on triboelectric, light scattering, light transmittance or
				  other effect to monitor relative particulate matter loadings.
(6) "Chips" means small, uniformly-sized,
				  unpainted pieces of aluminum scrap, typically below 1¼ inches in any
				  dimension, primarily generated by turning, milling, boring and machining of
				  aluminum parts.
(7) "Clean charge"
				  means furnace charge materials, including molten aluminum; T-bar; sow; ingot;
				  billet; pig; alloying elements; aluminum scrap known by the owner or operator
				  to be entirely free of paints, coatings and lubricants; uncoated and unpainted
				  aluminum chips that have been thermally dried or treated by a centrifugal
				  cleaner; aluminum scrap dried at 343 °C (650 °F) or higher; aluminum
				  scrap delacquered and decoated at 482 °C (900 °F) or higher, and
				  runaround scrap.
(8) "Cover flux"
				  means salt added to the surface of molten aluminum in a group 1 or group 2
				  furnace, without agitation of the molten aluminum, for the purpose of
				  preventing oxidation.
(9) "Customer
				  returns" means any aluminum product which is returned by a customer to the
				  aluminum company that originally manufactured the product prior to resale of
				  the product or further distribution in commerce, and which contains no paint or
				  other solid coatings.
(10) "Dioxins
				  and furans" or "D&F" means tetra-, penta-, hexa- and octachlorinated
				  dibenzo dioxins and furans.
(11)
				  "Dross" means the slags and skimmings from aluminum melting and refining
				  operations consisting of fluxing agents, impurities or oxidized and
				  non-oxidized aluminum, from scrap aluminum charged into the furnace.
(12) "Dross-only furnace" means a furnace,
				  typically of rotary barrel design, dedicated to the reclamation of aluminum
				  from dross formed during melting, holding, fluxing or alloying operations
				  carried out in other process units. Dross and salt flux are the sole feedstocks
				  to this type of furnace.
(13)
				  "Emission unit" means a group 1 furnace or in-line fluxer at a secondary
				  aluminum production facility.
(14)
				  "Fabric filter" means an add-on air pollution control device used to capture
				  particulate matter by filtering gas streams through filter media; also known as
				  a baghouse.
(15) "Feed or charge"
				  means, for a furnace or other process unit that operates in batch mode, the
				  total weight of material, including molten aluminum, T-bar, sow, ingot, other
				  material and alloying agents that enter the furnace during an operating cycle.
				  For a furnace or other process unit that operates continuously, feed or charge
				  means the weight of material, including molten aluminum, T-bar, sow, ingot,
				  other material and alloying agents that enter the process unit within a
				  specified time period, such as a time period equal to the performance test
				  period. The feed or charge for a dross-only furnace includes the total weight
				  of dross and solid flux.
(16)
				  "Fluxing" means refining of molten aluminum to improve product quality, achieve
				  product specifications, or reduce material loss, including the addition of
				  solvents to remove impurities and the injection of gases such as chlorine or
				  chlorine mixtures to remove magnesium (demagging) or hydrogen bubbles
				  (degassing). Fluxing may be performed in the furnace or outside the furnace by
				  an in-line fluxer.
(17) "Furnace
				  hearth" means the combustion zone of a furnace in which the molten metal is
				  contained.
(18) "Group 1 furnace"
				  means a furnace of any design that melts, holds or processes aluminum that
				  contains paint, lubricants, coatings or other foreign materials with or without
				  reactive fluxing or processes clean charge with reactive fluxing.
(19) "Group 2 furnace" means a furnace of any
				  design that melts, holds or processes only clean charge and that performs no
				  fluxing or performs fluxing using only nonreactive, non-HAP-containing,
				  non-HAP-generating gases or agents.
(20) "HCl" means, for the purposes of this
				  subchapter, emissions of hydrogen chloride that serve as a surrogate measure of
				  the total emissions of the HAPs hydrogen chloride, hydrogen fluoride and
				  chlorine.
(21) "In-line fluxer"
				  means a device exterior to a furnace, located in a transfer line from a
				  furnace, used in fluxing molten aluminum; also known as a flux box, degassing
				  box or demagging box.
(22)
				  "Internal scrap" means all aluminum scrap regardless of the level of
				  contamination which originates from castings or extrusions produced by an
				  aluminum die casting facility, aluminum foundry or aluminum extrusion facility,
				  and which remains at all times within the control of the company that produced
				  the castings or extrusions.
(23)
				  "Lime" means calcium oxide or other alkaline reagent.
(24) "Lime-injection" means the continuous
				  addition of lime upstream of a fabric filter.
(25) "Melting and holding furnace" means a
				  group 1 furnace that processes only clean charge, performs melting, holding,
				  and fluxing functions, and does not transfer molten aluminum to or from another
				  furnace except for the purposes of alloy changes, off-specification product
				  drains or maintenance activities.
(26) "Operating cycle" means for a batch
				  process, the period beginning when the feed material is first charged to the
				  operation and ending when all feed material charged to the operation has been
				  processed. For a batch melting and holding furnace process, operating cycle
				  means the period including the charging and melting of scrap aluminum and the
				  fluxing, refining, alloying and tapping of molten aluminum.
(27) "PM" means, for the purposes of this
				  subchapter, emissions of particulate matter that serve as a measure of total
				  particulate emissions and as a surrogate for metal HAPs contained in the
				  particulates, including antimony, arsenic, beryllium, cadmium, chromium,
				  cobalt, lead, manganese, mercury, nickel and selenium.
(28) "Pollution prevention" means source
				  reduction as defined under the Pollution Prevention Act of 1990 (
				  42 USC 13101
				  to
				  13109
				  ) including equipment or technology modifications, process or procedure
				  modifications, reformulation or redesign of products, substitution of raw
				  materials, and improvements in housekeeping, maintenance, training, or
				  inventory control, and other practices that reduce or eliminate the creation of
				  pollutants through increased efficiency in the use of raw materials, energy,
				  water or other resources or protection of natural resources by
				  conservation.
(29) "Reactive
				  fluxing" means the use of any gas, liquid, or solid flux, other than cover
				  flux, that results in a HAP emission. Argon and nitrogen are not reactive and
				  do not produce HAPs.
(30)
				  "Reconstruction" means the replacement of components of an affected source or
				  emission unit such that the fixed capital cost of the new components exceeds
				  50% of the fixed capital cost that would be required to construct a comparable
				  new affected source, and it is technologically and economically feasible for
				  the reconstructed source to meet relevant standards established in this
				  subchapter. Replacement of the refractory in a furnace is routine maintenance
				  and is not a reconstruction. The repair and replacement of in-line fluxer
				  components, such as rotors, shafts, burner tubes, refractory or warped steel,
				  is considered to be routine maintenance and is not considered a reconstruction.
				  In-line fluxers are typically removed to a maintenance or repair area and are
				  replaced with repaired units. The replacement of an existing in-line fluxer
				  with a repaired unit is not considered a reconstruction.
(31) "Residence time" means, for an
				  afterburner, the duration of time required for gases to pass through the
				  afterburner combustion zone. Residence time is calculated by dividing the
				  afterburner combustion zone volume in cubic feet by the volumetric flow rate of
				  the gas stream in actual cubic feet per second.
(32) "Rotary dross cooler" means a
				  water-cooled rotary barrel device that accelerates cooling of dross.
(33) "Runaround scrap" means scrap materials
				  generated on-site by aluminum casting, extruding, rolling, scalping, forging,
				  forming, stamping, cutting and trimming operations and that do not contain
				  paint or solid coatings. Uncoated and unpainted aluminum chips generated by
				  turning, boring, milling and similar machining operations may be clean charge
				  if they have been thermally dried or treated by a centrifugal cleaner, but are
				  not considered to be runaround scrap.
(34) "Scrap dryer, delacquering kiln or
				  decoating kiln" means a unit used primarily to remove various organic
				  contaminants such as oil, paint, lacquer, ink, plastic or rubber from aluminum
				  scrap, including used beverage containers, prior to melting.
(35) "Secondary aluminum processing unit" or
				  "SAPU" means one of the following:
(a) An
				  existing SAPU means all existing group 1 furnaces and all existing in-line
				  fluxers within a secondary aluminum production facility. Each existing group 1
				  furnace or existing in-line fluxer is considered an emission unit within a
				  secondary aluminum processing unit.
(b) A new SAPU means any combination of
				  individual group 1 furnaces and in-line fluxers within a secondary aluminum
				  processing facility which either were constructed or reconstructed after
				  February 11, 1999, or have been permanently redesignated as new emission units
				  pursuant to s.
				  NR
				  463.13(11). Each of the group 1
				  furnaces or in-line fluxers within a new SAPU is considered an emission unit
				  within that secondary aluminum processing unit.