Wisconsin Administrative Code › Department of Agriculture, Trade and Consumer Protection › ATCP 20-54 - Agricultural Resource Management › Chapter ATCP 51 - Livestock Facility Siting › Subchapter III - Application and Approval › Appendix B - NRCS 590

Current through June 24, 2024
NRCS 590
Nutrient Management
(Acre)
Code 590
Natural Resources Conservation Service Conservation
					 Practice Standard
I. Definition
Managing the amount, source, placement, form, and timing of
					 the application of nutrients and soil amendments.
II. Purposes
This standard establishes the acceptable criteria and
					 documentation requirements for a plan that addresses the application and
budgeting
1 of nutrients for plant
					 production. All nutrient sources, including soil reserves, commercial
					 fertilizer, manure, organic byproducts, legume crops, and crop residues shall
					 be accounted for and properly utilized. These criteria are intended to minimize
					 nutrient entry into surface water, groundwater, and atmospheric resources while
					 maintaining and improving the physical, chemical, and biological condition of
					 the soil.
III. Conditions Where Practice Applies
This standard applies to all
fields
where
					 plant nutrient sources and soil amendments are applied during the course of a
rotation.
IV. Federal, State, and Local Laws
Users of this standard are responsible for compliance with
					 applicable federal, state, and local laws, rules, or regulations governing
					 nutrient management systems. This standard does not contain the text of
					 federal, state, or local laws. Implementation of this standard may not
					 eliminate nutrient losses that could result in a violation of law.
V. Criteria
This section establishes requirements for planning, design
					 parameters, acceptable management processes, and performance requirements for
					 nutrient management plan development and implementation. Nutrient management
					 plans shall be prepared according to all of Criteria A., B., C, D., and
					 E.
All of the information contained in this section is
					 required. Wisconsin Conservation Planning Technical Note WI-1 is the companion
					 document to this standard and includes criteria that are required where
					 referenced within this section.
A. Criteria for Surface and Groundwater
					 Resources
1. Nutrient Criteria for All Sites
a. Develop and implement an annual field-specific nutrient
					 application plan. Account for the source, rate, timing, form, and method of
					 application for all
major nutrients
consistent with this
					 standard and soil fertility recommendations found in University of
					 Wisconsin-Extension (UWEX) Publication A2809, "Soil Test Recommendations for
					 Field, Vegetable and Fruit Crops," unless use of one the following options are
					 appropriate:
* For crops not listed in A2809, use other appropriate
					 Land Grant University recommendations.
* For nutrient application decisions based on plant tissue
					 analysis, the sampling and testing of plants and the resulting nutrient
					 recommendations shall be done in accordance with University of Wisconsin
					 recommendations. See VA.1.L.
Annual plan updates shall document the crops, tillage,
					 nutrient application rates, and methods actually implemented.
b. The plan shall be based on yield goals that are
					 attainable under average growing conditions and established using soil
					 productivity, local climate information, multi-year
documented yields,
and/or local research on yields for similar soils and crop management
					 systems. Yield goals should not be higher than 15% above the previous 3-5 year
					 average.
c. Soils shall be tested a minimum of once every four years
					 by a DATCP-certified laboratory for pH, phosphorus (P), potassium (K), and
					 organic matter. A laboratory list is provided in Appendix 2 of the Wisconsin
					 Conservation Planning Technical Note WI-1. Soil sampling shall be consistent
					 with UWEX Publication A2100, "Sampling Soils for Testing." For perennial fruit
					 crops, use of soil test recommendations from UWEX Publication A2809 is only
					 required as the basis for fertilizer applications prior to establishment of new
					 plantings. Subsequent nutrient recommendations should be based on plant tissue
					 analysis results. See V.A.1.L.
d. Annual P and K nutrient recommendations may be combined
					 into a single application that does not exceed the total nutrient
					 recommendation for the rotation. This combined annual application is not
					 allowed on frozen or snow covered soil. Commercial P fertilizers shall not be
					 applied to soils with P tests in the non-responsive range for the crop being
					 grown with the exception of not more than 20 pounds per acre
					 P2O5 as starter for corn or
					 recommended rates of starter P2O5
					 for potatoes and other vegetable crops as identified in UWEX Publication A3422,
					 "Commercial Vegetable Production in Wisconsin." All the P and K starter
					 fertilizer shall be credited against crop needs. When grouping fields for
					 nutrient application purposes, N, P, and K application rates shall match
					 individual field recommendations as closely as possible.
e. Where practical, adjust soil pH to the specific range of
					 the crop(s) grown to optimize nutrient utilization.
f. Available nitrogen from all sources shall not exceed the
					 annual N requirement of non-legume crops consistent with UWEX Publication
					 A2809, or the annual N uptake by legume crops. Because of variability in N
					 mineralization and manure applications, it is acceptable for available N to be
					 up to 20% more than the recommended N rate when legumes, manures, and organic
					 byproducts are used to meet the entire N requirement of the crop to be
					 grown.
Starter N fertilizers are to be credited against crop needs
					 as follows: all N beyond 20 pounds per acres for corn and 40 pounds per acre
					 for potatoes.
g. First year available N in manure applied to fields prior
					 to legume crop establishment shall not exceed the first year's annual N removal
					 by legumes and companion crop. See Wisconsin Conservation Planning Technical
					 Note WI-1, Part II B.4.
h. First and second-year legume credits shall be applied as
					 identified in UWEX Publication A2809, Table 25, or through soil nitrate testing
					 as identified in UWEX Publication A3624, "Soil Nitrate Tests for Wisconsin
					 Cropping Systems."
i. Estimates of first-year available nutrient credits for
					 manure shall be established in accordance with one of the following
					 methods:
(1) A manure analysis from a laboratory participating in
					 the Manure Analysis Proficiency (MAP) testing program and interpreted according
					 to Part III, Table 3 of the Wisconsin Conservation Planning Technical Note
					 WI-1, or
(2) Estimates of first-year available nutrients from
					 manure. See Part III, Table 4 of the Wisconsin Conservation Planning Technical
					 Note WI-1.
Note:
It is strongly recommended that
					 second-year nutrient credits, especially for areas receiving consecutive manure
					 applications, be included in the nutrient management plan using values in Part
					 III, Table 4 of Wisconsin Conservation Planning Technical Note WI-1 or soil
					 nitrate testing.
j. Organic byproducts other than manure (i.e., industrial
					 wastes, municipal sludge, and septage) applied to fields shall be analyzed for
					 nutrient content and applied in accordance with applicable regulations
					 including restrictions on heavy metal content and land application
					 rates.
k. Manures, organic byproducts, and fertilizers shall not
					 run off the field site during or immediately after application. If ponding,
					 runoff, or drainage to subsurface tiles of the applied materials occurs,
					 implement the following activities as appropriate:
(1) Stop application.
(2) Take corrective action to prevent offsite
					 movement.
(3) Modify the application (rate, method, depth of
					 injection, timing) to eliminate runoff or drainage to subsurface tiles.
(4) Notify the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources
					 (WDNR) in the event that a spill or accidental release of any material or
					 substance when required by the Agricultural Spill Law (s.289.11, Wis. Stats.)
					 or the terms of a WPDES permit. Refer to the Wisconsin Conservation Planning
					 Technical Note WI-1, Part IV, for contact information and "Agricultural Spills
					 and How to Handle Them," Pub-RR-687-2002, August 2002.
L. Where nutrient application decisions are based on plant
					 tissue analysis, the sampling and testing of plants and the resulting nutrient
					 recommendations shall be done in accordance with University of Wisconsin
					 recommendations in the references section of this standard. Nutrient
					 recommendations for cranberries may be based on plant analysis as defined by
					 appropriate publications in the references section of this standard.
m. Where
gleaning/pasturing
occurs, verify
					 through computations that the nutrients deposited as manure within a field, do
					 not exceed the N and P requirements of this standard.
2. Nutrient Application Prohibitions
a. Nutrients shall not be spread on the following
					 features.
(1) Surface water, established
concentrated flow
					 channels,
or non-harvested
permanent vegetative
					 buffers.
(2) A non-farmed wetland, sinkhole, nonmetallic mine, or
					 well.
(3) The area within 50 feet of a potable drinking water
					 well shall not receive mechanical applications of manure.
(4) Areas contributing runoff within 200 feet upslope of
direct conduits to groundwater
such as a well, sinkhole,
					 fractured bedrock at the surface,
tile inlet,
or nonmetallic
					 mine unless the nutrients are
effectively incorporated
within
					 72 hours.
(5) Land where vegetation is not removed mechanically or by
					 grazing, except to provide nutrients for establishment and maintenance, unless
					 necessary in an emergency situation.
(6) Fields exceeding
tolerable soil loss (T).
Erosion controls shall be implemented so that
tolerable soil
					 loss
(T) over the crop rotation will not be exceeded on fields that
					 receive nutrients.
b. When frozen or snow-covered soils prevent effective
					 incorporation at the time of application and the nutrient application is
					 allowed, implement the following:
(1) Do not apply nutrients within the
Surface Water
					 Quality Management Area (SWQMA)
except for manure deposited through
					 winter gleaning/pasturing of plant residue.
(2) Do not apply nutrients to locally identified areas
					 delineated in a
conservation plan
as contributing nutrients to
direct conduits to groundwater
or surface water as a result of
					 runoff.
(3) Do not exceed the P removal of the following growing
					 season's crop when applying manure. Liquid manure applications are limited to
					 7,000 gallons per acre. The balance of the crop nutrient requirement may be
					 applied the following spring or summer. Winter applications shall be conducted
					 according to Section VII.B.
(4) Do not apply nutrients on slopes greater than 9%,
					 except for manure on slopes up to 12% where cropland is contoured or contour
					 strip cropped.
(5) Do not apply N and P in the form of commercial
					 fertilizer. An exception is allowed for grass pastures and on winter grains
					 that do not fall within a prohibition area defined by V.A.2.
3. Nutrient Application Restrictions
a. When unincorporated liquid manure applications (less
					 than 12% solids) occur on non-frozen soils within a SWQMA, use Table 1 to
					 determine maximum acceptable rates. No applications are allowed on
saturated soils
.
Sequential applications may be made to meet the desired
					 nutrient additions consistent with this standard. Prior to subsequent
					 applications soils shall be evaluated using Table 1 or wait a minimum of 7
					 days.
Surface Texture
Class1
Max Application Rate
gal/acre
Allowable Soil Moisture Description for
								Applications
< 30%*
> = 30%*
Fine
3000
5000
Easily ribbons out between fingers, has a slick
								feel.
Medium
5000
7500
Forms a ball, is very pliable, slicks readily with
								clay.
Coarse
7000
10000
Forms a weak ball, breaks easily.
1 Fine - clay, silty clay, silty
					 clay loam, clay loam
Medium - sandy clay, sandy clay loam, loam, silt loam,
					 silt
Coarse - loamy sand, sandy loam, sand. This category also
					 includes peat and muck based on their infiltration capacity.
*Crop residue or vegetative cover on the soil surface
					 after manure application.
b. For all nutrient applications on non-frozen soil within
					 a SWQMA use one or more of the following practices as appropriate to address
					 water quality concerns for the site:
(1) Install/maintain permanent vegetative buffers
					 (harvesting is allowed unless restricted by other laws or programs). Refer to
					 NRCS Field Office Technical Guide (FOTG), Section IV, Standard 393, Filter
					 Strip, or ATCP 48 for land in drainage districts.
(2) Maintain greater than 30% crop residue or vegetative
					 cover on the soil surface after nutrient application.
(3) Incorporate nutrients within 72 hours leaving adequate
					 residue to meet tolerable soil losses.
(4) Establish cover crops promptly following
					 application.
B. Criteria to Minimize Entry of Nutrients to
					 Groundwater
To minimize N leaching to groundwater on
high
					 permeability soils,
or soils with less than 20 inches to bedrock, or
					 soils with less than 12 inches to
apparent water table,
or
					 within 1000 feet of a municipal well, apply the following applicable management
					 practices:
Note:
A list of soils with a high potential
					 for N leaching to groundwater is provided in Appendix 1 of the Wisconsin
					 Conservation Planning Technical Note WI-1.
1. Where sources of N are applied:
a. No fall commercial N applications except for
					 establishment of fall-seeded crops. Commercial N application rates, where
					 allowed, shall not exceed 30 pounds of available N per acre.
b. On irrigated fields, including irrigated manure, apply
					 one of the following management strategies:
(1) A split or delayed N application to apply a majority of
					 crop N requirement after crop establishment.
(2) Utilize a nitrification inhibitor with ammonium forms
					 of N.
2. When manure is applied in late summer or fall to meet
					 the fertility needs of next year's crop and soil temperatures are greater than
					 50°F, apply one of the following options:
a. Use a nitrification inhibitor with liquid manure and
					 limit N rate to 120 pounds available N per acre.
b. Delay applications until after September 15 and limit
					 available N rate to 90 pounds per acre.
c. Apply to fields with perennial crops or fall-seeded
					 crops. N application shall not exceed 120 pounds available N per acre or the
					 crop N requirement, whichever is less.
3. When manure is applied in the fall and soil temperatures
					 are 50°F or less, limit available N from manure application to 120 pounds
					 per acre or the crop N requirement, whichever is less.
Note:
The restrictions in B. 2. and 3. do not
					 apply to spring manure applications prior to planting. The balance of the crop
					 N requirements may be applied the following spring or summer.
4. Where P enrichment of groundwater is identified as a
					 conservation planning concern, implement practices to reduce delivery of P to
					 groundwater.
C. Additional Criteria to Minimize Entry of Nutrients
					 to Surface Water
1. Where manure, organic byproducts, or fertilizers are
					 applied:
a. Avoid building soil test P values when possible beyond
					 the non-responsive soil test range for the most demanding crop in the rotation.
					 For most agronomic crops in Wisconsin, the non-responsive soil test range is 30
					 to 50 parts per million (ppm) Bray P-1 soil test.
b. Establish perennial vegetative cover in all areas of
					 concentrated flow resulting in reoccurring gullies.
2. Develop a P management strategy when manure or organic
					 by-products are applied during the crop rotation to minimize surface water
					 quality impacts. Use either the
Phosphorus Index (PI)
in
					 section a., or Soil Test Phosphorus Management Strategy found in section b. The
					 single strategy chosen, either a. or b., shall be applied uniformly to all
					 fields within a farm or tract.
Note:
First year available N in manure applied
					 to fields prior to legume crop establishment shall not exceed the first year's
					 annual N removal by legumes and companion crop. See Wisconsin Conservation
					 Planning Technical Note WI-1, Part II B.4. Available N applied cannot exceed
					 the N need or legume crop N removal of the next crop to be grown.
a. PI Strategy - The planned average PI values for up to an
					 8-year rotation in each field shall be 6 or lower. P applications on fields
					 with an average PI greater than 6 may be made only if additional P is needed
					 according to UWEX soil fertility recommendations. Strategies for reducing the
					 PI, algorithms, and software for calculating the Wisconsin PI can be found at
					 http://wpindex.soils.wisc.edu/.
b. Soil Test Phosphorus Strategy - Management strategies
					 based on soil test phosphorus may be used. Operations using this strategy shall
					 have a conservation plan addressing all soil erosion consistent with the
					 current crops and management or use the erosion assessment tools included with
					 the Phosphorus Index model. In crop fields where ephemeral erosion is an
					 identified problem, a minimum of one of the following runoff-reducing practices
					 shall be implemented:
* Install/maintain contour strips and/or contour buffer
					 strips. Refer to NRCS FOTG, Section IV, Standard 585, Strip Cropping, and/or
					 Standard 332, Contour Buffer Strip.
* Install/maintain filter strips (NRCS FOTG, Section IV,
					 Standard 393, Filter Strip) along surface waters and concentrated flow channels
					 that empty into surface waters that are within or adjoin areas where manure
					 will be applied.
* Maintain greater than 30% crop residue or vegetative
					 cover on the soil surface after planting.
* Establish fall cover crops.
Available phosphorus applications from all sources shall be
					 based on the following soil test P values (Bray P-1).
(1) Less than 50 ppm soil test P: nutrient application
					 rates allowed up to the N needs of the following crop or the N removal for the
					 following legume crop.
(2) 50-100 ppm soil test P: P application shall not exceed
					 the total crop P removal for crops to be grown over a maximum rotation length
					 of 8 years.
(3) Greater than 100 ppm soil test P: eliminate P
					 applications, if possible, unless required by the highest P demanding crop in
					 the rotation. If applications are necessary, applications shall be 25% less
					 than the cumulative annual crop removal over a maximum rotation length of 8
					 years.
(4) For land with potatoes in the rotation, total P
					 applications shall not exceed crop removal over a maximum rotation length of 8
					 years if soil tests are in the optimum, high, or excessively high range for
					 potatoes.
D. Additional Criteria to Minimize N and Particulate
					 Air Emissions
Where air quality is identified in a conservation plan as a
					 resource concern, apply a management strategy that minimizes nutrient
					 volatilization and particulate losses while maintaining tolerable soil erosion
					 levels for wind and water.
E. Additional Criteria to Protect the Physical,
					 Chemical, and Biological Condition of the Soil
1. Nutrients shall be applied in such a manner as not to
					 permanently degrade the soil's structure, chemical properties, or biological
					 condition.
2. To the extent practical, nutrients shall not be applied
					 to flooded or saturated soil when the potential for soil compaction and/or the
					 creation of ruts is high.
VI. Considerations
The following are optional management considerations and
					 are not required practices.
A. Promote seeding and stabilization of concentrated flow
					 channels, installation and maintenance of vegetative filter strips, riparian
					 buffers and other buffer strips adjacent to surface water and wetlands in
					 conjunction with other conservation practices in order to reduce the amounts of
					 sediment and nutrients that reach surface water and/or groundwater.
B. Corn nitrogen recommendations in A2809 can be adjusted
					 for the effects of current corn and nitrogen fertilizer prices using the N rate
					 calculator available at
http://www.uwex.edu/ces/crops/NComparison.htm
.
					 Additional management practices that can be utilized to improve N use
					 efficiency can be found in the Wisconsin Conservation Planning Technical Note
					 WI-1, Part II.
C. Apply nutrients not specifically addressed by this
					 standard (i.e., secondary and micro nutrients) based on recommendations found
					 in UWEX Publication A2809.
Since specific environmental concerns have not been
					 identified for potassium (K), K additions in manure or bio-solids will be
					 determined by rate limits for the N or P in those materials. Commercial
					 fertilizer K applications equal to crop removal will avoid building soil test K
					 levels. K may be applied equal to crop removal at any soil test K level. Dairy
					 producers should monitor K levels in forages and take additional steps to
					 reduce soil K levels if consumption of forage with high K levels becomes an
					 animal health problem.
D. To minimize N leaching on medium and fine-textured
					 soils, avoid fall commercial N applications for crops to be seeded the
					 following spring. When commercial N is applied in the fall, use ammonium forms
					 of N and delay N application until soil temperatures drop below 50°F. Use
					 of a nitrification inhibitor with fall-applied N is recommended.
E. Irrigated fields should use irrigation scheduling
					 strategies with the intent of minimizing leaching losses and improving water
					 use efficiency and not exceeding intake/infiltration capacity of the
					 soil.
F. Consider the use of animal feeding strategies based on
					 published nutrition research findings (National Research Council, etc.) to
					 reduce excess P in rations when manure applications are made to
					 cropland.
G. Consider delaying surface applications of manure or
					 other organic byproducts if precipitation capable of producing runoff is
					 forecast within 24 hours of the time of planned application.
H. Consider modifications to the crop rotation to provide
					 crop fields for the application of manure during the summer crop growing
					 season.
I. Manure top-dressed on existing forages should not exceed
					 the nutrient equivalent of 35 pounds N - 25 pounds P2O5 - 80 pounds K2O (first
					 year availability per acre) or no more than 10 tons of solid manure per acre
					 per harvest. Additional management considerations can be found in "Applying
					 Manure to Alfalfa," North Central Regional Research Report 346.
J. For fields directly adjacent to, or with areas of
					 concentrated or channelized flow that drain directly to, Outstanding,
					 Exceptional or nutrient impaired surface waters, avoid raising soil test P
					 levels to the maximum extent practicable. In addition, implement conservation
					 practices that reduce delivery of nutrients to these waters. For operations
					 using the P-Index in high environmental risk areas, the P-Index values should
					 be reduced to the maximum extent practicable by applying additional
					 conservation practices.
K. Where residual nitrate carryover is probable, the
					 preplant soil nitrate test is recommended to adjust N application rates.
VII. Plans and Specifications
A. The minimum requirements for a nutrient management plan
					 are specified in the previous sections of this standard and expanded in Part I
					 of the Wisconsin Conservation Planning Technical Note WI-1. Include in a
					 nutrient management plan:
* a soil map and aerial photograph of the site;
* current and planned crops and crop yields; realistic
					 yield goals;
* results of soil, plant, manure, or organic byproduct
					 sample analysis;
* recommended nutrient application rates;
* documentation of actual nutrient applications including
					 the rate, form, timing, and method. Revise the plan to reflect any changes in
					 crops, yields, tillage, management, and soil or manure analyses;
* the location of sensitive areas and the resulting
					 nutrient application restrictions;
* guidance for implementation, maintaining records;
* each field's tolerable and actual soil losses;
* soil test P-ppm; P balance, or P Index level where
					 applicable;
* other management activities required by regulation,
					 program requirements, or producer goals;
* a narrative to explain other implementation
					 clarifications.
B. Winter Spreading Plan - The plan shall identify those
					 areas of fields that meet the restrictions for frozen or snow-covered ground
					 identified in this standard. If necessary, land application of manure on frozen
					 and snow-covered ground shall occur on those fields accessible at the time of
					 application that represent the lowest risk of runoff and deliverability to
					 areas of concentrated and channelized flow and surface waters. Low-risk fields
					 shall be identified using either the P-Index or an approved conservation plan.
					 In general, fields most suitable for land application during frozen and
					 snow-covered ground conditions include those fields:
* with low slope,
* with low erosion,
* with high levels of surface roughness,
* with the greatest distance to surface waters and areas of
					 concentrated flow,
* with no drainage to Outstanding/ Exceptional/nutrient
					 impaired water bodies,
* with low delivery potential during active
					 snowmelt.
Refer to section VIII.E for storage/infield stacking of
					 manure during periods of active snowmelt.
C. Persons who review or approve plans for nutrient
					 management shall be certified through any certification program acceptable to
					 the NRCS (NRCS General Manual, Title 180, Part 409.9, NRCS TechReg) or other
					 appropriate agencies within the state.
D. Industrial wastes and byproducts and municipal sludge
					 are regulated by the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (WDNR). They
					 must be spread in accordance with a Wisconsin Pollution Discharge Elimination
					 System (WPDES) permit as obtained from the WDNR.
E. Plans for nutrient management shall be developed in
					 accordance with policy requirements of the NRCS General Manual Title 450, Part
					 401.03 and Title 190, Part 402, the contents of this standard, the procedures
					 contained in the National Planning Procedures Handbook, and NRCS National
					 Agronomy Manual, Section 503.
F. Plans for Nutrient Management that are elements of a
					 more comprehensive conservation plan shall recognize other requirements of the
					 conservation plan and be compatible with the other requirements. A
					 Comprehensive Nutrient Management Plan (CNMP) is a conservation system unique
					 to animal feeding operations (AFO). The CNMP will be developed to address the
					 environmental risks identified during the resource inventory of an AFO. A CNMP
					 will require use of all the applicable criteria in this technical standard
					 along with the additional criteria located in NRCS National Planning Procedures
					 Handbook, Subpart B, Part 600.54.
VIII. Operation and Maintenance
A. Document the actual nutrient application including the
					 rate, form, timing, and method of the application. Revise the plan to reflect
					 any changes in crops, tillage or management, soils, and manure tests.
B. Evaluate the need to modify field operations to reduce
					 the risk of large nutrient losses during a single runoff event based on current
					 field conditions or forecasted weather events.
C. Minimize operator exposure to potentially toxic gases
					 associated with manure, organic wastes, and chemical fertilizers, particularly
					 in enclosed areas. Wear protective clothing appropriate to the material being
					 handled.
D. Protect commercial fertilizer from the weather, and
					 agricultural waste storage facilities from accidental leakage or spillage. See
					 Wisconsin administrative rules and county or local ordinances concerning
					 regulations on siting, design, operation, and maintenance of these
					 facilities.
E. During periods when land application is not suitable,
					 manure shall be stored in a manure storage facility designed in accordance with
					 the criteria contained in NRCS FOTG Standard 313, Waste Storage Facility.
					 Temporary management of manure shall be in accordance with the criteria for
					 temporary unconfined stacks of manure contained in Table 7 of Standard
					 313.
F. When cleaning equipment after nutrient application,
					 remove and save fertilizers or wastes in an appropriate manner. If the
					 application equipment system is flushed, use the rinse water in the following
					 batch of nutrient mixture where possible or dispose of according to state and
					 local regulations. Always avoid cleaning equipment near high runoff areas,
					 ponds, lakes, streams, and other water bodies. Extreme care must be exercised
					 to avoid contaminating potable drinking water wells.
G. The application equipment shall be calibrated to achieve
					 the desired application rate.
IX. References
Cranberry Tissue Testing for Producing Beds in North
					 America (1995) Davenport et al., Oregon State Univ. Ext. Serv. Pub.
					 CM8610.
Mineral Nutrition for Fruit Crops, Roper, Univ. of
					 Wisconsin Dept. of Horticulture Pub.
National Research Council (NRC) Nutrient Requirements of
					 Dairy Cattle, National Academy Press, 7th Revised
					 Edition, 2001.
Nitrogen for Bearing Cranberries in North America (2000)
					 Davenport et al., Oregon State Univ. Ext. Pub.
North Central Regional Research Report 346, Applying Manure
					 to Alfalfa, December 2003.
Phosphorus for Bearing Cranberries in North America (2004)
					 Roper et al., Univ. of Wisconsin Ext. Pub.
TechReg Website: http://techreg.usda.gov
USDA, NRCS, General Manual, Title 180, Part 409
					 Conservation Planning Policy, Wisconsin Supplement 409.9, Minimum Criteria to
					 Achieve an NRCS Certified Conservation Planner Designation.
USDA, NRCS, General Manual, Title 190, Part 402, Nutrient
					 Management.
USDA, NRCS, National Agronomy Manual, October 2002.
USDA, NRCS, National Planning Procedures Handbook,
					 Amendment 4, March 2003.
USDA, NRCS, National Handbook of Conservation Practices,
					 Subpart B, Part 600.54, Element Criteria for CNMP Development.
USDA, NRCS, Wisconsin Conservation Planning Technical Note
					 WI-1, Companion Document to NRCS FOTG Standard 590, Nutrient Management.
USDA, NRCS, Wisconsin Field Office Technical Guide (FOTG),
					 Section I, Erosion Prediction, Maps.
USDA, NRCS, Wisconsin Field Office Technical Guide (FOTG),
					 Section II, Soil Interpretations (T-Value).
USDA, NRCS, Wisconsin Field Office Technical Guide (FOTG),
					 Section IV, Practice Standards and Specifications.
University of Wisconsin-Extension (UWEX) Publication A2100,
					 Sampling Soils for Testing, May 2, 2001.
University of Wisconsin-Extension (UWEX) Publication A2809,
					 Soil Test Recommendations for Field, Vegetable, and Fruit Crops, revised
					 1998.
University of Wisconsin-Extension (UWEX) Publication A3340,
					 Corn Fertilization.
University of Wisconsin-Extension (UWEX) Publication A3392,
					 Guidelines for Applying Manure to Cropland and Pasture in Wisconsin, August,
					 1995.
University of Wisconsin-Extension (UWEX) Publication A3422,
					 Commercial Vegetable Production in Wisconsin, 2005.
University of Wisconsin-Extension (UWEX) Publication A3512,
					 Wisconsin's Preplant Soil Profile Nitrate Test, 1990.
University of Wisconsin-Extension (UWEX) Publication A3517,
					 Using Legumes as a Nitrogen Source, September 1997.
University of Wisconsin Extension (UWEX) Publication A3557,
					 Nutrient Management: Practices for Wisconsin Corn Production, September
					 1994.
University of Wisconsin-Extension (UWEX) Publication A3568,
					 A Step-by-Step Guide to Nutrient Management, May 1992.
University of Wisconsin-Extension (UWEX) Publication A3624,
					 Soil Nitrate Tests for Wisconsin Cropping Systems, 1994.
University of Wisconsin-Extension (UWEX) Publication A3634,
					 Nitrogen Management on Sandy Soils, 1995.
University of Wisconsin-Extension (UWEX), Nitrogen Source
					 and $ Rate of Return Calculator, Rankin,
http://www.uwex.edu/ces/crops/NComparison.htm
University of Wisconsin-Extension (UWEX), NPM Program, Know
					 How Much You Haul!,
http://ipcm.wisc.edu
.
University of Wisconsin-Extension (UWEX) Publication A3769,
					 Recommended Methods of Manure Analysis, 2003.
University of Wisconsin Soil and Forage Analysis Lab
					 Sampling for plant analysis: http://uwlab.soils.wisc.edu/ (Click on Lab
					 procedures and then plant analysis).
Wisconsin Administrative Code, Department of Agriculture,
					 Trade and Consumer Protection, Chapter
48
, Drainage
					 Districts.
Wisconsin Phosphorus Index:
http://wpindex.soils.wisc.edu/
.
X. Definitions
Apparent Water Table
(V.B) - Continuous
					 saturated zone in the soil to a depth of at least 6 feet without an unsaturated
					 zone below it.
Budgeting
(II) - Document present and
					 prior year's crop, estimated nutrient removal by these crops and known nutrient
					 credits. When nutrients are applied for future crop needs in the rotation,
					 implement a tracking process to allow adjustment of subsequent nutrient
					 applications so that the total amount of nutrients applied to the farm or tract
					 complies with this standard and is documented in the plan. Required as a
					 component for all nutrient management plans (VII.A.; Wisconsin Conservation
					 Planning Technical Note WI-1 Part 1 B.d. (1), (2); C.6.).
Concentrated Flow Channel
(V.A.2.a.(1)) -
					 A natural channel or constructed channel that has been shaped or graded to
					 required dimensions and established in perennial vegetation for the stable
					 conveyance of runoff. This definition may include non-vegetated channels caused
					 by ephemeral erosion. These channels include perennial and intermittent
					 streams, drainage ditches, and drainage ends identified on the NRCS soil survey
					 and not already classified as SWQMAs. Concentrated flow channels are also
					 identifiable as contiguous up-gradient deflections of contour lines on the USGS
					 1:24,000 scale topographic map. The path of flow to surface water or direct
					 conduits to groundwater must be documented. For construction, refer to NRCS
					 FOTG Standard 412, Grassed Waterway, for more information.
Conservation Plan
(V.A.2.b.(2)) - A plan
					 developed and field verified by a conservation planner to document crop
					 management and the conservation practices used to control sheet and rill
					 erosion to tolerable levels (T) and to provide treatment of ephemeral soil
					 erosion. A conservation plan must be signed by the land operator and approved
					 by the county land conservation committee or their representative. A
					 conservation plan will be needed for designating winter spreading restrictions
					 other than those specifically listed in this standard, and when implementing
					 the soil test P management strategy where the soil erosion assessment is not
					 calculated with the Wisconsin Phosphorus Index model. A conservation planner
					 must develop conservation plans using the minimum criteria found in the USDA,
					 NRCS National Planning Procedures Handbook and the Wisconsin Field Office
					 Technical Guide and be qualified by one of the following:
1. Meeting the minimum criteria in the NRCS General Manual,
					 Title 180, Part 409.9(c), NRCS Certified Conservation Planner
					 Designation.
2. Meeting criteria established by the county land
					 conservation committee.
3. Meeting the NRCS TechReg Certified Conservation Planner
					 Option 1, 2, 3.
Direct Conduits to Groundwater
(V.A.2.a.(4)) - Wells, sinkholes, swallets (a sinkhole or rock hole that
					 intercepts a stream, diverting all or a portion of it to the groundwater),
					 fractured bedrock at the surface, mine shafts, non-metallic mines, tile inlets
					 discharging to groundwater quarries, or depressional groundwater recharge areas
					 over shallow fractured bedrock. For the purpose of nutrient management
					 planning, these features will be identified on the NRCS soil survey and/or USGS
					 1:24,000 scale topographic map, or otherwise determined through on-site
					 evaluation and documented in a conservation plan.
Documented yields
(V.A.1.b.) - Crop
					 production yield-records documented by field for at least two consecutive years
					 that are used to determine phosphorus and potassium fertility recommendations.
					 Yield record documentation may include measurements of harvested crop weight,
					 volume, or the use of calibrated yield-monitors.
Effectively Incorporated
(V.A.2.a.(4)) -
					 Means the mixing with the topsoil or residue or subsurface placement of
					 nutrients with topsoil by such means as injector, disc, sweep, mold-board plow,
					 chisel plow, or other tillage/infiltration methods. Nutrients will not run off
					 the field or drain to subsurface tiles during application.
Fields
(III) - A group or single nutrient
					 management unit with the following conditions: similar soil type, similar
					 cropping history, same place in rotation (i.e., second year corn fields,
					 established alfalfa), similar nutrient requirements, and close proximity.
					 Examples include: alternate strips in a contour strip system, pasture, variable
					 rate nutrient application management units, and other management units where
					 grouping facilitates implementation of the nutrient management plan.
Gleaning / Pasturing
(V.A.1.m.) - An area
					 of land where animals graze or otherwise seek feed in a manner that maintains
					 the vegetative cover over all the area and where the vegetative cover is the
					 primary food source for the animals. Livestock shall be managed to avoid the
					 routine concentration of animals within the same area of the field. Manure
					 deposited near a well by grazing of livestock does not require
					 incorporation.
High Permeability Soils
(V.B) - Equivalent
					 to drained hydrologic group A that meet both of the following criteria:
1. Permeability = 6 inches/hour or more in all parts of the
					 upper 20 inches and
2. Permeability = 0.6 inches/hour or more in all parts of
					 the upper 40 inches.
Use the lowest permeability listed for each layer when
					 evaluating a soil. For a multi-component map unit (complex), evaluate each
					 component separately. If the high permeability components meet the criteria and
					 cannot be separated, the entire map unit should be considered as high
					 permeability.
Major Nutrients (VA
.1
.a.) -
Nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K).
Note
(V.A.1.i.) - Any section labeled as a
					 'note' is to be considered a recommendation rather than a requirement. The note
					 is included in the criteria section to ensure subject continuity.
Permanent Vegetative Buffer
(V.A.2.a.(1))
					 - A strip or area of perennial herbaceous vegetation situated between cropland,
					 grazing land, or disturbed land (including forest land) and environmentally
					 sensitive areas (as defined in NRCS Technical Standard 393, Filter
					 Strip).
Phosphorus Index (PI)
(V.C.2) - The
					 Wisconsin Phosphorus Index (PI) is an assessment of the potential for a given
					 field to deliver P to surface water. The PI assessment takes into account
					 factors that contribute to P losses in runoff from a field and subsequent
					 transport to a water body, including:
* Soil erosion as calculated using the current approved
					 NRCS soil erosion prediction technology located in Section I of the NRCS
					 FOTG.
* Estimated annual field rainfall and snowmelt runoff
					 volume.
* Soil P concentrations as measured by routine soil test P
					 (Bray P-1).
* Rate and management of P applications in the form of
					 fertilizer, manure, or other organic material.
* Characteristics of the runoff flow pathway from the field
					 to surface water.
The algorithms and software for calculating the Wisconsin
					 PI can be found at
http://wpindex.soils.wisc.edu/
.
Rotation
(III) - The sequence of crops to
					 be grown for up to an 8-year period as specified by the conservation plan or as
					 part of the soil erosion assessment calculated with the Wisconsin Phosphorus
					 Index model.
Saturated Soils
(V.A.3.a.) - Soils where
					 all pore spaces are occupied by water and where any additional inputs of water
					 or liquid wastes cannot infiltrate into the soil.
Surface Water Quality Management Areas
					 (S
W
QMA)
(V.A.2.b.(1)) - For the purposes of nutrient
					 management planning, Surface Water Quality Management Areas are defined as
					 follows:
1. The area within 1,000 feet from the ordinary high-water
					 mark of navigable waters that consist of a lake, pond or flowage, except that,
					 for a navigable water that is a glacial pothole lake, "surface water quality
					 management area" means the area within 1,000 feet from the high-water mark of
					 the lake.
2. The area within 300 feet from the ordinary high-water
					 mark of navigable waters that consists of a river or stream that is defined
					 as:
* Perennial streams (continuous flow) identified on the
					 NRCS soil survey and/or USGS 1:24,000 scale topographic map as solid
					 lines,
* Otherwise determined through an onsite evaluation and
					 documented in an approved conservation plan.
Areas within the SWQMA that do not drain to the water body
					 are excluded from this definition.
Tile Inlet
(V.A.2.a.(4)) - The
					 interception of surface runoff within a concentrated flow channel or field
					 depression, by a constructed device designed to direct runoff into an
					 underground tile for conveyance to surface or groundwater.
Tolerable Soil Loss (T) -
For sheet and
					 rill erosion (V.A.2.a.(6)) - T-value means the maximum rate of soil erosion
					 established for each soil type that will permit crop productivity to be
					 sustained economically and indefinitely. Erosion calculations shall be based on
					 current approved erosion prediction technology found in NRCS FOTG Section I or
					 the soil loss assessment calculated using the Phosphorous Index Model.
					 Tolerable soil erosion rates shall be determined using the RUSLE2 Related
					 Attributes Report located in Section 2, e-FOTG, Soil Report.