Washington Administrative Code › Title 296 - Labor and Industries, Department of › Chapter 296-155 - Safety standards for construction work › Part M - MOTOR VEHICLES, MECHANIZED EQUIPMENT, AND MARINE OPERATIONS › Section 296-155-615 - Material handling equipment

Current through Register Vol. 24-14, July 15, 2024
(1)
General requirements for
				earthmoving equipment.
(a) Scope.
These rules apply to the earthmoving equipment. Some examples
				  of earthmoving equipment are:
* Scrapers;
* Loaders;
* Crawler or wheel tractors;
* Bulldozers;
* Off-highway trucks;
* Graders;
* Agricultural and industrial tractors;
AND
* Similar equipment.
(b) Seat belts.
* Seat belts must be provided and used by all operators and
				  passengers on all equipment covered by this section.
* Seat belts must meet the requirements of the Society of
				  Automotive Engineers, J386-1969, Seat Belts for Construction Equipment.
* Seat belts for agricultural and light industrial tractors
				  must meet the seat belt requirements of Society of Automotive Engineers
				  J333a-1970, Operator Protection for Agricultural and Light Industrial
				  Tractors.
Exemption:
Seat belts are not required for
				  equipment designed only for standup operation.
* You must not use seat belts on equipment that does not have
				  rollover protective structure (ROPS) or adequate canopy protection in
				  place.
Exemption:
Mechanics and persons in training may
				  ride on the equipment without a seatbelt if one is not provided.
(c) Access roadways and grades.
* You must not operate equipment on access roadway or grades
				  unless they are constructed and/or maintained to allow for the safe operation
				  of the equipment.
* Every emergency access ramp and berm used by an employer
				  must be constructed to restrain and control runaway vehicles.
(d) Brakes.
Earthmoving equipment must have brakes capable of stopping
				  and holding the equipment fully loaded.
* Equipment mentioned in (a) of this subsection, General
				  requirements for earthmoving equipment, must have brakes meeting the
				  specifications in Society of Automotive Engineers SAE-J237, Loader Dozer-197l,
				  J236, Graders-1971, and J319b, Scrapers-1971.
* Brake systems for self-propelled rubber-tired off-highway
				  equipment manufactured after January 1, 1972, must meet the applicable minimum
				  performance criteria set forth in the following Society of Automotive Engineers
				  Recommended Practices:
Self-propelled scrapers
SAE J319b-1971
Self-propelled graders
SAE J236-1971
Truck and wagons
SAE J166-1971
Front-end loaders and dozers
SAE J237-1971
(e)
				Fenders.
* If pneumatic-tired earthmoving haulage equipment has a
				  maximum speed that exceeds 15 miles per hour, then the equipment must be
				  equipped with fenders on all wheels to meet the requirements of Society of
				  Automotive Engineers SAE J321a-1970, Fenders for Pneumatic-Tired Earthmoving
				  Haulage Equipment.
* You may, at any time, seek to show under WAC
				  296-155-010, Variance and
				  procedure, that the uncovered wheels present no hazard to personnel from flying
				  materials.
Note:
Examples of pneumatic-tired earthmoving
						  haulage equipment may include:
* Trucks;
* Scrapers;
* Tractors;
AND
* Trailing units.
(f)
				Rollover protective structures (ROPS).
For requirements pertaining to rollover protective structures
				  and overhead protection, see WAC
				  296-155-950 through
				  296-155-965.
(g) Audible alarms.
* All bidirectional machines must be equipped with a horn,
				  distinguishable from the surrounding noise level. This horn must be:
- Operated as needed when the machine is moving in either
				  direction;
AND
-Maintained in an operative condition.
Note:
Examples of bidirectional machines include:
* Rollers;
* Compactors;
* Front-end loaders;
* Bulldozers;
AND
* Similar equipment.
* You must make sure that earthmoving or compacting equipment
				  with an obstructed view to the rear in reverse is not operated unless:
- A reverse signal alarm distinguishable from the surrounding
				  noise level is used;
OR
-An observer signals that it is safe to back up.
* If the surrounding noise level is of such amplitude that
				  reverse signal alarms are not effective, then you must use amber strobe
				  lights.
(h) Operators must
				look in the direction of travel.
The driver must look in the direction of, and keep a clear
				  view of the path of travel, when operating equipment in reverse.
Exemption:
See (g)(ii) of this subsection, Audible
						  alarms, for requirements pertaining to equipment that has an obstructed view to
						  the rear.
(i)
				Scissor points.
Scissor points on all front-end loaders, which constitute a
				  hazard to the operator during normal operation, must be guarded.
(j) Tractors.
* Tractor motors must be cranked only by operators or other
				  experienced persons.
* You must provide waterproof and comfortable seat cushions
				  on tractors at all times when working.
* Operator must not leave controls of tractor with master
				  clutch engaged.
(k) Winch
				lines.
Winch lines must be maintained in good condition and provided
				  with spliced eye, knob or hook in working end, except under conditions where
				  unspliced end is required.
(l) Bulldozers and carry-all gates.
* You must not initiate repairs on blade or dozer equipment
				  unless the motor has been stopped and dozer blade is resting on the ground or
				  securely blocked. The same applies to carry-all gates.
* Bulldozer blades and carry-all gates must rest on the
				  ground or on blocking when machines are not in operation.
(m) Moving equipment.
Personnel must not get on or off machine while machine is in
				  motion.
(n) Hazardous
				conditions.
Where excessive dust conditions are created, you must
				  sprinkle such areas with water or an environmentally safe solution to keep dust
				  at a minimum.
Reference:
When dust presents a hazard, see chapter
						  296-841 WAC, Respiratory hazards for additional requirements.