Washington Administrative Code › Title 296 - Labor and Industries, Department of › Chapter 296-800 - Safety and health core rules › Section 296-800-099 - Definitions Abatement action plans

Current through Register Vol. 24-14, July 15, 2024
Refers to your written plans for correcting a WISHA
				violation.
Abatement date.
The date on the citation when you
				must comply with specific safety and health standards listed on the citation
				and notice of assessment or the corrective notice of redetermination.
Acceptable.
As used in Electrical, WAC
				296-800-280
				means an installation or equipment is acceptable to the director of labor and
				industries, and approved:
* If it is accepted, or certified, or listed, or labeled, or
				otherwise determined to be safe by a nationally recognized testing laboratory;
				or
* With respect to an installation or equipment of a kind which
				no nationally recognized testing laboratory accepts, certifies, lists, labels,
				or determines to be safe, if it is inspected or tested by another federal
				agency, or by a state, municipal, or other local authority responsible for
				enforcing occupational safety provisions of the National Electrical Code, and
				found in compliance with the provisions of the National Electrical Code as
				applied in this section; or
* With respect to custom-made equipment or related
				installations which are designed, fabricated for, and intended for use by a
				particular customer, if it is determined to be safe for its intended use by its
				manufacturer on the basis of test data which the employer keeps and makes
				available for inspection to the director and his/her authorized
				representatives. Refer to federal regulation
				29
				C.F.R. 1910.7 for definition of nationally
				recognized testing laboratory.
Accepted.
As used in Electrical, WAC
				296-800-280
				means an installation is accepted if it has been inspected and found by a
				nationally recognized testing laboratory to conform to specified plans or to
				procedures of applicable codes.
Access.
As used in safety data sheets (SDSs) as
				exposure records, WAC
				296-901-14014
				means the right and opportunity to examine and copy exposure records.
Affected employees.
As used in WISHA appeals,
				penalties and other procedural rules, WAC 296-800-350 means employees exposed
				to hazards identified as violations in a citation.
Analysis using exposure or medical records.
* An analysis using exposure records or medical records can be
				any collection of data or a statistical study. It can be based on
				either:
- Partial or complete information from individual employee
				exposure or medical records; or
- Information collected from health insurance claim
				records.
* The analysis is not final until it has been:
- Reported to the employer; or
- Completed by the person responsible for the analysis.
ANSI.
This is an acronym for the American National
				Standards Institute.
Approved.
* Approved by the director of the department of labor and
				industries or their authorized representative, or by an organization that is
				specifically named in a rule, such as Underwriters' Laboratories (UL), Mine
				Safety and Health Administration (MSHA), or the National Institute for
				Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
* As used in Electrical, WAC
				296-800-280
				means acceptable to the authority enforcing this section. The authority
				enforcing this section is the director of labor and industries. The definition
				of acceptable indicates what is acceptable to the director and therefore
				approved.
Assistant director.
The assistant director for the
				WISHA services division at the department of labor and industries or his/her
				designated representative.
ASTM.
This is an acronym for American Society for
				Testing and Materials.
Attachment plug or plug.
As used in the basic
				electrical rules, WAC
				296-800-280
				means the attachment at the end of a flexible cord or cable that is part of a
				piece of electrical equipment. When it is inserted into an outlet or
				receptacle, it connects the conductors supplying electrical power from the
				outlet to the flexible cable.
Bare conductor.
A conductor that does not have any
				covering or insulation.
Bathroom.
A room maintained within or on the
				premises of any place of employment, containing toilets that flush for use by
				employees.
Biological agents.
Organisms or their
				by-products.
Board.
As used in WISHA appeals, penalties and
				other procedural rules, WAC 296-800-350 means the board of industrial insurance
				appeals.
Ceiling.
An exposure limit that must not be
				exceeded during any part of the employee's workday. The ceiling must be
				determined over the shortest time period feasible and should not exceed fifteen
				minutes.
Certification.
As used in WISHA appeals, penalties
				and other procedural rules, WAC 296-800-350 means refers to an employer's
				written statement describing when and how a citation violation was
				corrected.
C.F.R.
This is an acronym for Code of Federal
				Regulations.
Chemical.
Any element, chemical compound, or
				mixture of elements and/or compounds.
Chemical agents (airborne or contact).
A chemical
				agent is any of the following:
* Airborne chemical agent which is any of the following: -
				Dust, solid particles suspended in air, that are created by actions such
				as:
* Handling.
*Drilling.
* Crushing.
* Grinding.
* Rapid impact.
* Detonation.
* Decrepitation of organic or inorganic materials such as rock,
				ore, metal, coal, wood, and grain.
-Fume, solid particles suspended in air, that are created by
				condensation from the gaseous state.
-Gas, a normally formless fluid, such as air, which can be
				changed to the liquid or solid state by the effect of increased pressure or
				decreased temperature or both.
-Mist, liquid droplets suspended in air. Mist is created
				by:
* Condensation from the gaseous to the liquid state; or
* Converting a liquid into a dispersed state with actions such
				as splashing, foaming, spraying or atomizing.
- Vapor. The gaseous form of a substance that is normally in
				the solid or liquid state.
* Contact chemical agent which is any of the following:
- Corrosive. A substance that, upon contact, causes destruction
				of living tissue by chemical action, including acids with a pH of 2.5 or below
				or caustics with a pH of 11.0 or above.
- Irritant. A substance that will induce a local inflammatory
				reaction upon immediate, prolonged, or repeated contact with normal living
				tissue.
- Toxicant. A substance that has the inherent capacity to
				produce personal injury or illness to individuals by absorption through any
				body surface.
Chemical manufacturer.
An employer with a
				workplace where one or more chemicals are produced for use or
				distribution.
Chemical name.
The scientific designation of a
				chemical in accordance with one of the following:
* The nomenclature system developed by the International Union
				of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC).
* The Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) rules of
				nomenclature.
* A name which will clearly identify the chemical for the
				purpose of conducting a hazard evaluation.
Circuit breaker.
* Is a device used to manually open or close a circuit. This
				device will also open the circuit automatically and without damage to the
				breaker when a predetermined overcurrent is applied. (600 volts nominal or
				less.)
* Is a switching device capable of making, carrying, and
				breaking currents under normal circuit conditions, and also making, carrying
				for a specified time, and breaking currents under specified abnormal circuit
				conditions, such as those of short circuit. (Over 600 volts nominal.)
Citation.
Refers to the citation and notice issued
				to an employer for any violation of WISHA safety and health rules. A citation
				and notice may be referred to as a citation and notice of assessment but is
				more commonly referred to as a citation.
Commercial account.
As used in Hazard
				communication, WAC
				296-901-140
				means an arrangement in which a retail distributor sells hazardous chemical(s)
				to an employer, generally in large quantities over time, and/or at costs that
				are below the regular retail price.
Common name.
As used in Hazard communication, WAC
				296-901-140
				means any designation or identification such as:
* Code name.
* Code number.
* Trade name.
* Brand name.
* Generic name used to identify a chemical other than by its
				chemical name.
Compressed gas.
A gas or mixture of gases that,
				when in a container, has an absolute pressure exceeding:
* 40 psi at 70°F (21.1°C); or
* 104 psi at 130°F (54.4°C) regardless of the pressure
				at 70°F (21.1°C).
Compressed gas can also mean a liquid with a vapor pressure
				that exceeds 40 psi at 100°F (37.8°C).
Conductor.
Wire that transfers electric
				power.
Container.
As used in Hazard communication, WAC
				296-901-140
				means any container, except for pipes or piping systems, that contains a
				hazardous chemical. It can be any of the following:
* Bag.
* Barrel.
* Bottle.
* Box.
* Can.
* Cylinder.
* Drum.
* Reaction vessel.
* Storage tank.
Correction date.
The date by which a violation
				must be corrected. Final orders or extensions that give additional time to make
				corrections establish correction dates. A correction date established by an
				order of the board of industrial insurance appeals remains in effect during any
				court appeal unless the court suspends the date.
Corrective notice.
Refers to a notice changing a
				citation and is issued by the department after a citation has been
				appealed.
Corrosive.
A substance that, upon contact, causes
				destruction of living tissue by chemical action, including acids with a pH of
				2.5 or below or caustics with a pH of 11.0 or above.
Covered conductor.
A conductor that is covered by
				something else besides electrical insulation.
Damp location.
As used in basic electrical rules,
				WAC
				296-800-280
				means partially protected areas that are exposed to moderate moisture. Outdoor
				examples include roofed open porches and marquees. Interior examples include
				basements and barns.
Department.
Those portions of the department of
				labor and industries responsible for enforcing the Washington Industrial Safety
				Act (WISHA).
Designated representative.
* Any individual or organization to which an employee gives
				written authorization.
* A recognized or certified collective bargaining agent without
				regard to written authorization.
* The legal representative of a deceased or legally
				incapacitated employee.
Director.
The director means the director of the
				department of labor and industries or their designee.
Distributor.
A business, other than a chemical
				manufacturer or importer, that supplies hazardous chemicals to other
				distributors or to employers.
Documentation.
As used in WISHA appeals, penalties
				and other procedural rules, WAC 296-800-350 means material that you submit to
				prove that a correction is completed. Documentation includes, but is not
				limited to, photographs, receipts for materials and/or labor.
Dry location.
As used in basic electrical rules,
				WAC
				296-800-280
				means areas not normally subjected to damp or wet conditions. Dry locations may
				become temporarily damp or wet, such as when constructing a building.
Dust.
Solid particles suspended in air that are
				created by actions such as:
* Handling.
* Drilling.
* Crushing.
* Grinding.
* Rapid impact.
* Detonation.
* Decrepitation of organic or inorganic materials such as rock,
				ore, metal, coal, wood, and grain.
Electrical outlets.
Places on an electric circuit
				where power is supplied to equipment through receptacles, sockets, and outlets
				for attachment plugs.
Emergency washing facilities.
Emergency washing
				facilities are emergency showers, eyewashes, eye/face washes, hand-held drench
				hoses, or other similar units.
Employee.
Based on chapter 49.17 RCW, the term
				employee and other terms of like meaning, unless the context of the provision
				containing such term indicates otherwise, means an employee of an employer who
				is employed in the business of his or her employer whether by way of manual
				labor or otherwise and every person in this state who is engaged in the
				employment of or who is working under an independent contract the essence of
				which is personal labor for an employer under this standard whether by way of
				manual labor or otherwise.
Employee exposure record.
As used in safety data
				sheets (SDSs) as exposure records, WAC
				296-901-14014
				means a record containing any of the following kinds of information:
* Environmental (workplace) monitoring or measuring of a toxic
				substance or harmful physical agent, including personal, area, grab, wipe, or
				other form of sampling, as well as related collection and analytical
				methodologies, calculations, and other background data relevant to
				interpretation of the results obtained;
* Biological monitoring results which directly assess the
				absorption of a toxic substance or harmful physical agent by body systems
				(e.g., the level of a chemical in the blood, urine, breath, hair, fingernails,
				etc.) but not including results which assess the biological effect of a
				substance or agent or which assess an employee's use of alcohol or
				drugs;
* Safety data sheets indicating that the material may pose a
				hazard to human health; or
* In the absence of the above, a chemical inventory or any
				other record which reveals where and when used and the identity (e.g.,
				chemical, common or trade name) of a toxic substance or harmful physical
				agent.
Employer.
Based on chapter 49.17 RCW, an employer
				is any person, firm, corporation, partnership, business trust, legal
				representative, or other business entity which engages in any business,
				industry, profession, or activity in this state and employs one or more
				employees or who contracts with one or more persons, the essence of which is
				the personal labor of such person or persons and includes the state, counties,
				cities, and all municipal corporations, public corporations, political
				subdivisions of the state, and charitable organizations: Provided, That any
				persons, partnership, or business entity not having employees, and who is
				covered by the Industrial Insurance Act must be considered both an employer and
				an employee.
Exit.
Provides a way of travel out of the
				workplace.
Exit route.
A continuous and unobstructed path of
				exit travel from any point within a workplace to safety outside.
Explosive.
A chemical that causes a sudden, almost
				instant release of pressure, gas, and heat when exposed to a sudden shock,
				pressure, or high temperature.
Exposed live parts.
Electrical parts that
				are:
* Not suitably guarded, isolated, or insulated; and
* Capable of being accidentally touched or approached closer
				than a safe distance.
Exposed wiring methods.
Involve working with
				electrical wires that are attached to surfaces or behind panels designed to
				allow access to the wires.
Exposure or exposed.
As used in Hazard
				communication, WAC
				296-901-140
				and safety data sheets (SDSs) as exposure records, WAC
				296-901-14014.
				An employee has been, or may have possibly been, subjected to a hazardous
				chemical, toxic substance or harmful physical agent while working. An employee
				could have been exposed to hazardous chemicals, toxic substances, or harmful
				physical agents in any of the following ways:
* Inhalation.
* Ingestion.
* Skin contact.
* Absorption.
* Related means.
The terms exposure and exposed only cover workplace exposure
				involving a toxic substance or harmful physical agent in the workplace
				different from typical nonoccupational situations in the way it is:
* Used.
* Handled.
* Stored.
* Generated.
* Present.
Exposure record.
See definition for employee
				exposure record.
Extension ladder.
A portable ladder with 2 or more
				sections and is not self-supporting. The 2 or more sections travel in guides or
				brackets that let you change the length. The size of a portable ladder is
				determined by adding together the length of each section.
Failure-to-abate.
Any violation(s) resulting from
				not complying with an abatement date.
Final order.
Any of the following (unless an
				employer or other party files a timely appeal):
* Citation and notice;
* Corrective notice;
* Decision and order from the board of industrial insurance
				appeals;
* Denial of petition for review from the board of industrial
				insurance appeals; or
* Decision from a Washington State superior court, court of
				appeals, or the state supreme court.
Final order date.
The date a final order is
				issued.
First aid.
The extent of treatment you would
				expect from a person trained in basic first aid, using supplies from a
				first-aid kit.
Tests, such as X-rays, must not be confused with
				treatment.
Flammable.
A chemical covered by one of the
				following categories:
* Aerosol flammable means a flammable aerosol as defined by WAC
				296-901-14024,
				Appendix B-Physical hazard criteria;
* Gas, flammable means:
- A gas that, at temperature and pressure of the surrounding
				area, forms a flammable mixture with air at a concentration of 13% by volume or
				less; or
- A gas that, at temperature and pressure of the surrounding
				area, forms a range of flammable mixtures with air wider than 12% by volume,
				regardless of the lower limit.
* Liquid, flammable means any liquid having a flashpoint at or
				below 199.4°F (93°C). Flammable liquids are divided into four
				categories as follows:
- Category 1 must include liquids having flashpoints below
				73.4°F (23°C) and having a boiling point at or below 95°F
				(35°C).
- Category 2 must include liquids having flashpoints below
				73.4°F (23°C) and having a boiling point above 95°F
				(35°C).
- Category 3 must include liquids having flashpoints at or
				above 73.4°F (23°C) and at or below 140°F (60°C). When a
				Category 3 liquid with a flashpoint at or above 100°F (37.8°C) is
				heated for use to within 30°F (16.7°C) of its flashpoint, it must be
				handled in accordance with the requirements for a Category 3 liquid with a
				flashpoint below 100°F (37.8°C).
- Category 4 must include liquids having flashpoints above
				140°F (60°C) and at or below 199.4°F (93°C). When a Category 4
				flammable liquid is heated for use to within 30°F (16.7°C) of its
				flashpoint, it must be handled in accordance with the requirements for a
				Category 3 liquid with a flashpoint at or above 100°F (37.8°C).
- When liquid with a flashpoint greater than 199.4°F
				(93°C) is heated for use to within 30°F (16.7°C) of its flashpoint,
				it must be handled in accordance with the requirements for a Category 4
				flammable liquid.
* Solid, flammable means a solid, other than a blasting agent
				or explosive as defined in
				29 C.F.R.
				1910.109(a), that is likely
				to cause fire through friction, moisture absorption, spontaneous chemical
				change, or retained heat from manufacturing or processing, or which can be
				ignited readily. Solid, inflammable also means that when the substance is
				ignited, it burns so powerfully and persistently that it creates a serious
				hazard. A chemical must be considered to be a flammable solid if, when tested
				by the method described in
				16
				C.F.R. 1500.44, it ignites and burns with a
				self-sustained flame at a rate greater than one-tenth of an inch per second
				along its major axis.
Flashpoint.
* The minimum temperature at which a liquid gives off a vapor
				within a test vessel in sufficient concentration to form an ignitable mixture
				with air near the surface of the liquid and must be determined as
				follows:
- The flashpoint of liquids having a viscosity less than 45
				Saybolt Universal Second(s) at 100°F (37.8°C) and a flashpoint below
				175°F (79.4°C) must be determined in accordance with the Standard
				Method of Test for Flash Point by the Tag Closed Tester, ASTM D-56-69, or an
				equivalent method as defined by WAC
				296-901-14024,
				Appendix B- Physical hazard criteria.
Flexible cords and cables.
Typically used to
				connect electrical equipment to an outlet or receptacle. These cords can have
				an attachment plug to connect to a power source or can be permanently wired
				into the power source. Flexible cords, extension cords, cables and electrical
				cords are all examples of flexible cord.
Foreseeable emergency.
As used in Hazard
				communication, WAC
				296-901-140
				means any potential event that could result in an uncontrolled release of a
				hazardous chemical into the workplace. Examples of foreseeable emergencies
				include equipment failure, rupture of containers, or failure of control
				equipment.
Fume.
Solid particles suspended in air that are
				created by condensation from the gaseous state.
Gas.
A normally formless fluid, such as air, which
				can be changed to the liquid or solid state by the effect of increased pressure
				or decreased temperature or both.
Ground.
As used in Electrical, WAC
				296-800-280,
				a connection between an electrical circuit or equipment and the earth or other
				conducting body besides the earth. This connection can be intentional or
				accidental.
Grounded.
A connection has been made between an
				electrical circuit or equipment and the earth or another conducting body
				besides the earth.
Grounded conductor.
A system or circuit conductor
				that is intentionally grounded.
Ground-fault circuit-interrupter.
A device whose
				function is to interrupt the electric circuit to the load when a fault current
				to ground exceeds some predetermined value that is less than that required to
				operate the overcurrent protective device of the supply circuit.
Grounding conductor.
Is used to connect equipment
				or the grounded circuit of a wiring system to a grounding electrode or
				electrodes.
Grounding conductor, equipment.
A conductor used
				to connect noncurrent-carrying metal parts of equipment, raceways, and other
				enclosures to the system grounded conductor and/or the grounding electrode
				conductor at the service equipment or at the source of a separately derived
				system.
Guarded.
Covered, shielded, fenced, enclosed, or
				otherwise protected by means of suitable covers, casings, barriers, rails,
				screens, mats, or platforms to remove the likelihood of being accidentally
				touched or approached closer than a safe distance.
Hand-held drench hoses.
Hand-held drench hoses are
				single-headed emergency washing devices connected to a flexible hose that can
				be used to irrigate and flush the face or other body parts.
Handrail.
A rail used to provide employees with a
				handhold for support.
Harmful physical agent.
Any physical stress such
				as noise, vibration, repetitive motion, heat, cold, ionizing and nonionizing
				radiation, and hypo- or hyperbaric pressure which:
* Is listed in the latest edition of the National Institute for
				Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
Registry of Toxic Effects of
				Chemical Substances
(RTECS); or
* Has shown positive evidence of an acute or chronic health
				hazard in testing conducted by, or known to, the employer; or
* Is the subject of a safety data sheet kept by or known to the
				employer showing that the material may pose a hazard to human health.
Hazard.
Any condition, potential or inherent,
				which can cause injury, death, or occupational disease.
Hazard warning.
As used in Hazard communication,
				WAC
				296-901-140
				can be a combination of words, pictures, symbols, or combination appearing on a
				label or other appropriate form of warning which shows the specific physical
				and health hazard(s), including target organ effects, of the chem-ical(s) in
				the container(s).
Note:
See definition for physical hazard and health hazard to
						determine which hazards must be covered.
Hazardous chemical.
Any chemical that is a
				physical or health hazard.
Health hazard.
A chemical, mixture, biological
				agent, or physical agent that may cause health effects in short- or long-term
				exposed employees. Based on statistically significant evidence from at least
				one study conducted using established scientific principles. Health hazards
				include:
* Carcinogens.
* Toxic or highly toxic agents.
* Reproductive toxins.
* Irritants.
* Corrosives.
* Sensitizers.
* Hepatotoxins (liver toxins).
* Nephrotoxins (kidney toxins).
* Neurotoxins (nervous system toxins).
* Substances that act on the hematopoietic system (blood or
				blood-forming system).
* Substances that can damage the lungs, skin, eyes, or mucous
				membranes.
* Hot or cold conditions.
Hole.
A gap or void two inches or more in its
				least dimension, in a floor, roof, or other surface.
Identity.
As used in Hazard communication, WAC
				296-901-140
				means any chemical or common name listed on the safety data sheet (SDS) for the
				specific chemical. Each identity used must allow cross-references among
				the:
* Required list of hazardous chemicals.
* Chemical label.
* MSDSs.
Imminent danger violation.
Any violation(s)
				resulting from conditions or practices in any place of employment, which are
				such that a danger exists which could reasonably be expected to cause death or
				serious physical harm, immediately or before such danger can be eliminated
				through the enforcement procedures otherwise provided by the Washington
				Industrial Safety and Health Act.
Importer.
The first business within the Customs
				Territory of the USA that:
* Receives hazardous chemicals produced in other countries;
				and
* Supplies them to distributors or employers within the
				USA.
Inpatient hospitalization.
To be admitted into a
				hospital or equivalent facility for medical treatment.
Insulated.
A conductor has been completely covered
				by a material that is recognized as electrical insulation and is thick enough
				based on:
* The amount of voltage involved; and
* The type of covering material.
Interim waiver.
An order granted by the department
				allowing an employer to vary from WISHA requirements until the department
				decides to grant a permanent or temporary waiver.
Irritant.
A substance that will induce a local
				inflammatory reaction upon immediate, prolonged, or repeated contact with
				normal living tissue.
Ladder.
Consists of 2 side rails joined at regular
				intervals by crosspieces called steps, rungs, or cleats. These steps are used
				to climb up or down.
Listed.
Equipment is listed if it:
* Is listed in a publication by a nationally recognized
				laboratory (such as UL, underwriters laboratory) that inspects the production
				of that type of equipment; and
* States the equipment meets nationally recognized standards or
				has been tested and found safe to use in a specific manner.
Medical treatment.
Treatment provided by a
				physician or by registered professional personnel under the standing orders of
				a physician. Medical treatment does not include first-aid treatment even if
				provided by a physician or registered professional personnel.
Mist.
Liquid droplets suspended in air. Mist is
				created by:
* Condensation from the gaseous to the liquid state; or
* Converting a liquid into a dispersed state with actions such
				as splashing, foaming, spraying or atomizing.
Mixture.
As used in Hazard communication, WAC
				296-901-140,
				any combination of 2 or more chemicals (if that combination did not result from
				a chemical reaction).
Movable equipment.
As used in WAC 296-800-35052, a
				hand-held or nonhand-held machine or device;
* That is powered or nonpowered; and
* Can be moved within or between worksites.
Must.
Mandatory.
NEMA.
These initials stand for National Electrical
				Manufacturing Association.
NFPA.
This is an acronym for National Fire
				Protection Association.
Nose.
The portion of the stair tread that projects
				over the face of the riser below it.
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA).
Created in 1970 when the U.S. Congress passed the Occupational Safety
				and Health Act, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
				provides safety on the job for workers. OSHA oversees state plans (such as
				WISHA in Washington) that have elected to administer the safety and health
				program for their state. OSHA requires WISHA rules to be at least as effective
				as OSHA rules.
Office work environment.
An indoor or enclosed
				occupied space where clerical work, administration, or business is carried
				out.
In addition, it includes:
* Other workplace spaces controlled by the employer and used by
				office workers, such as cafeterias, meeting rooms, and washrooms.
* Office areas of manufacturing and production facilities, not
				including process areas.
* Office areas of businesses such as food and beverage
				establishments, agricultural operations, construction, commercial trade,
				services, etc.
Open riser.
A stair step with an air space between
				treads has an open riser.
Opening.
A gap or void thirty inches (76 cm) or
				more high and eighteen inches (48 cm) or more wide, in a wall or partition,
				through which employees can fall to a lower level.
Organic peroxide.
This is an organic compound
				containing the bivalent-0-0-structure. It may be considered a structural
				derivative of hydrogen peroxide if one or both of the hydrogen atoms has been
				replaced by an organic radical.
Outlet.
See definition for electrical
				outlets.
Oxidizer.
A chemical other than a blasting agent
				or explosive as defined in WAC
				296-52-60130
				or C.F.R. 1910.109(a), that starts or promotes combustion in other materials,
				causing fire either of itself or through the release of oxygen or other
				gases.
Permissible exposure limits (PELs).
Permissible
				exposure limits (PELs) are employee exposures to toxic substances or harmful
				physical agents that must not be exceeded. PELs are specified in applicable
				WISHA rules.
Person.
Based on chapter 49.17 RCW, one or more
				individuals, partnerships, associations, corporations, business trusts, legal
				representatives, or any organized group of persons.
Personal eyewash units.
Personal eyewash units are
				portable, supplementary units that support plumbed units or self-contained
				units, or both, by delivering immediate flushing for less than fifteen
				minutes.
Personal service room.
Used for activities not
				directly connected with a business' production or service function such
				as:
* First aid.
* Medical services.
* Dressing.
* Showering.
* Bathrooms.
* Washing.
* Eating.
Personnel.
See the definition for
				employees.
Physical hazard.
Means a chemical that is
				classified as posing one of the following hazardous effects: Explosive;
				flammable (gases, aerosols, liquids, or solids); oxidizer (liquid, solid or
				gas); self-reactive; pyrophoric (liquid or solid); self-heating; organic
				peroxide; corrosive to metal; gas under pressure; or in contact with water
				emits flammable gas. WAC
				296-901-14024,
				Appendix B-Physical hazard criteria.
Platform.
A work surface elevated above the
				surrounding floor or ground.
Plug.
See definition for attachment plug.
Potable water.
Water that is suitable for drinking
				by the public and meets the requirements of chapter 246-290 or 246-291
				WAC.
Predictable and regular basis.
Employee functions
				such as, but not limited to, inspection, service, repair and maintenance which
				are performed:
* At least once every 2 weeks; or
* Four man-hours or more during any sequential 4-week period
				(to calculate man-hours multiply the number of employees by the number of hours
				during a 4-week period).
Produce.
As used in Hazard communication, WAC
				296-901-140,
				any one of the following:
* Manufacture.
* Process.
* Formulate.
* Blend.
* Extract.
* Generate.
* Emit.
* Repackage.
Purchaser.
As used in Hazard communication, WAC
				296-901-140,
				an employer who buys one or more hazardous chemicals to use in their
				workplace.
Pyrophoric.
A chemical is pyrophoric if it will
				ignite spontaneously in the air when the temperature is 130°F (54.4°C)
				or below.
Qualified person.
A person who has successfully
				demonstrated the ability to solve problems relating to the subject matter,
				work, or project, either by:
* Possession of a recognized degree, certificate, or
				professional standing; or
* Extensive knowledge, training and experience.
Railing or standard railing.
A vertical barrier
				erected along exposed edges of a floor opening, wall opening, ramp, platform,
				or runway to prevent falls of persons.
Reassume jurisdiction.
The department has decided
				to take back its control over a citation and notice being appealed.
Receptacle or receptacle outlet.
As used in basic
				electrical rules, WAC
				296-800-280
				means outlets that accept a plug to supply electric power to equipment through
				a cord or cable.
Record.
A record is any item, collection, or
				grouping of information. Examples include:
* Paper document.
* Microfiche.
* Microfilm.
* X-ray film.
* Computer record.
Refuge area.
* A protected space along an exit route that is separated from
				other spaces inside the building by a barrier with at least a one-hour fire
				resistance rating; or
* A floor in a building with an automatic sprinkler system that
				has at least two spaces that are separated by smoke-resistant partitions. See
				WAC
				296-24-607
				for requirements for automatic sprinkler systems.
Repeat violation.
A violation is a repeat
				violation if the employer has been cited one or more times previously for a
				substantially similar hazard.
Responsible party.
As used in Hazard
				communication, WAC
				296-901-140.
				Someone who can provide appropriate information about the hazardous chemical
				and emergency procedures.
Rise.
The vertical distance from the top of a
				tread to the top of the next higher tread.
Riser.
The vertical part of the step at the back
				of a tread that rises to the front of the tread above.
Rungs.
Rungs are the cross pieces on ladders that
				are used to climb up and down the ladder.
Runway.
A passageway for persons, elevated above
				the surrounding floor or ground level, such as a footwalk along shafting or a
				walkway between buildings.
Safety data sheet (SDS).
Written, printed, or
				electronic information (on paper, microfiche, or on-screen) that informs
				manufacturers, distributors, employers or employees about a hazardous chemical,
				its hazards, and protective measures as required by safety data sheet and label
				preparation, WAC
				296-901-140.
Safety factor.
The term safety factor means the
				ratio of when something will break versus the actual working stress or safe
				load when it is used.
Self-lighting or self-luminous.
A light source
				that:
* Is illuminated by a self-contained power source other than
				batteries; and
* Operates independently from external power sources.
Serious violation.
Serious violation must be
				deemed to exist in a workplace if there is a substantial probability that death
				or serious physical harm could result from a condition which exists, or from
				one or more practices, means, methods, operations, or processes which have been
				adopted or are in use in such workplace, unless the employer did not, and could
				not with the exercise of reasonable diligence, know of the presence of the
				violation.
Short-term exposure limit (STEL).
An exposure
				limit, averaged over a short time period (usually measured for 15 minutes) that
				must not be exceeded during any part of an employee's workday.
Should.
Should means recommended.
Single ladder.
A type of portable ladder with one
				section.
It is distinguished by all of the following:
* It has one section.
* It cannot support itself.
* Its length cannot be adjusted.
Smoking.
A person is smoking if they are:
* Lighting up.
* Inhaling.
* Exhaling.
* Carrying a pipe, cigar or cigarette of any kind that is
				burning.
Specific chemical identity.
This term applies to
				chemical substances. It can mean the:
* Chemical name.
* Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) registry number.
* Any other information that reveals the precise chemical
				designation of the substance.
Stair railing.
A vertical barrier attached to a
				stairway with an open side to prevent falls. The top surface of the stair
				railing is used as a handrail.
Stairs or stairway.
A series of steps and
				landings:
* Leading from one level or floor to another.
* Leading to platforms, pits, boiler rooms, crossovers, or
				around machinery, tanks, and other equipment.
* Used more or less continuously or routinely by employees, or
				only occasionally by specific individuals.
* With three or more risers.
Standard safeguard.
Safety devices that prevent
				hazards by their attachment to:
* Machinery.
* Appliances.
* Tools.
* Buildings.
* Equipment.
These safeguards must be constructed of:
* Metal.
* Wood.
* Other suitable materials.
The department makes the final determination about whether a
				safeguard is sufficient for its use.
Step ladder.
A portable ladder with:
* Flat steps.
* A hinge at the top allowing the ladder to fold out and
				support itself.
* Its length that cannot be adjusted.
Time weighted average (TWA8).
An exposure limit, averaged over 8 hours, that must not be exceeded
				during an employee's work shift.
Toeboard.
A vertical barrier at floor level
				erected along all open sides or edges of a floor opening, platform, runway,
				ramp, or other walking/working surface to prevent materials, tools, or debris
				from falling onto persons passing through or working in the area below.
Toxic chemical.
As used in first aid, WAC
				296-800-150, is a
				chemical that produces serious injury or illness when absorbed through any body
				surface.
Toxic substance.
Any chemical substance or
				biological agent, such as bacteria, virus, and fungus, which is any of the
				following:
* Listed in the latest edition of the National Institute for
				Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
Registry of Toxic Effects of
				Chemical Substances
(RTECS).
* Shows positive evidence of an acute or chronic health hazard
				in testing conducted by, or known to, the employer.
* The subject of a safety data sheet kept by or known to the
				employer showing the material may pose a hazard to human health.
Toxicant.
A substance that has the inherent
				capacity to produce personal injury or illness to individuals by absorption
				through any body surface.
Trade secret.
Any confidential:
* Formula.
* Pattern.
* Process.
* Device.
* Information.
* Collection of information.
The trade secret is used in an employer's business and gives an
				opportunity to gain an advantage over competitors who do not know or use
				it.
See WAC
				296-901-14018 for
				requirements dealing with trade secrets.
Tread.
As used in stairs and stair railings, WAC
				296-800-250 means the
				horizontal part of the stair step.
Tread run.
As used in stairs and stair railings,
				WAC
				296-800-250 means the
				distance from the front of one stair tread to the front of an adjacent
				tread.
Tread width.
The distance from front to rear of
				the same tread including the nose, if used.
UL (Underwriters' Laboratories, Inc.).
You will
				find these initials on electrical cords and equipment. The initials mean the
				cord or equipment meets the standards set by the Underwriters' Laboratories,
				Inc.
Unstable (reactive).
As used in Hazard
				communication, WAC
				296-901-140.
				An unstable or reactive chemical is one that in its pure state, or as produced
				or transported, will vigorously polymerize, decompose, condense, or will become
				self-reactive under conditions of shocks, pressure or temperature.
Use.
As used in Hazard communication, WAC
				296-901-140,
				means to:
* Package.
* Handle.
* React.
* Emit.
* Extract.
* Generate as a by-product.
* Transfer.
Vapor.
The gaseous form of a substance that is
				normally in the solid or liquid state.
Voltage of a circuit.
The greatest effective
				potential difference between any two conductors or between a conductor and
				ground.
Voltage to ground.
The voltage between a conductor
				and the point or conductor of the grounded circuit. For under-grounded
				circuits, it is the greatest voltage between the conductor and any other
				conductor of the circuit.
Voltage, nominal.
Nominal voltage is a value
				assigned to a circuit or system to designate its voltage class (120/240,
				480Y/277, 600, etc.). The actual circuit voltage can vary from the value if it
				is within a range that permits the equipment to continue operating in a
				satisfactory manner.
WAC.
This is an acronym for Washington
				Administrative Code, which are rules developed to address state law.
Water-reactive.
As used in Hazard communication,
				WAC
				296-901-140,
				a water-reactive chemical reacts with water to release a gas that is either
				flammable or presents a health hazard.
Watertight.
Constructed so that moisture will not
				enter the enclosure or container.
Weatherproof.
Constructed or protected so that
				exposure to the weather will not interfere with successful operation.
				Rainproof, raintight, or watertight equipment can fulfill the requirements for
				weatherproof where varying weather conditions other than wetness, such as snow,
				ice, dust, or temperature extremes, are not a factor.
Wet location.
As used in basic electrical rules,
				WAC
				296-800-280
				means:
* Underground installations or in concrete slabs or masonry
				that are in direct contact with the earth.
* Locations that can be saturated by water or other
				liquids.
* Unprotected locations exposed to the weather (like vehicle
				washing areas).
WISHA.
This is an acronym for the Washington
				Industrial Safety and Health Act.
Work area.
As used in Hazard communication, WAC
				296-901-140,
				a room or defined space in a workplace where hazardous chemicals are produced
				or used, and where employees are present.
Worker.
See the definition for employee.
Working days.
Means a calendar day, except
				Saturdays, Sundays, and legal holidays. Legal holidays include:
* New Year's Day - January 1;
* Martin Luther King, Jr. Day;
* Presidents' Day;
* Memorial Day;
* Independence Day - July 4;
* Labor Day;
* Veterans' Day - November 11;
* Thanksgiving Day;
* The day after Thanksgiving Day; and
* Christmas Day - December 25.
The number of working days must be calculated by not counting
				the first working day and counting the last working day.
Workplace.
* The term workplace means:
- Any plant, yard, premises, room, or other place where an
				employee or employees are employed for the performance of labor or service over
				which the employer has the right of access or control, and includes, but is not
				limited to, all workplaces covered by industrial insurance under Title 51 RCW,
				as now or hereafter amended.
- As used in Hazard communication, WAC
				296-901-140
				means an establishment, job site, or project, at one geographical location
				containing one or more work areas.
You.
See definition of employer.
Your representative.
Your representative is the
				person selected to act in your behalf.