Washington Administrative Code › Title 296 - Labor and Industries, Department of › Chapter 296-155 - Safety standards for construction work › Part B-1 - OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL › Section 296-155-17345 - Appendix C to WAC 296-155-173 - Medical surveillance guidelines for MDA

Current through Register Vol. 24-14, July 15, 2024
(1)
Route of
				entry.
Inhalation; skin absorption; ingestion. MDA can be inhaled,
				absorbed through the skin, or ingested.
(2)
Toxicology.
MDA is a suspect
				carcinogen in humans. There are several reports of liver disease in humans and
				animals resulting from acute exposure to MDA. A well documented case of an
				acute cardiomyopathy secondary to exposure to MDA is on record. Numerous human
				cases of hepatitis secondary to MDA are known. Upon direct contact MDA may also
				cause damage to the eyes. Dermatitis and skin sensitization have been observed.
				Almost all forms of acute environmental hepatic injury in humans involve the
				hepatic parenchyma and produce hepatocellular jaundice. This agent produces
				intrahepatic cholestasis. The clinical picture consists of cholestatic
				jaundice, preceded or accompanied by abdominal pain, fever, and chills. Onset
				in about 60% of all observed cases is abrupt with severe abdominal pain. In
				about 30% of observed cases, the illness presented and evolved more slowly and
				less dramatically, with only slight abdominal pain. In about 10% of the cases
				only jaundice was evident. The cholestatic nature of the jaundice is evident in
				the prominence of itching, the histologic predominance of bile stasis, and
				portal inflammatory infiltration, accompanied by only slight parenchymal injury
				in most cases, and by the moderately elevated transaminase values. Acute, high
				doses, however, have been known to cause hepatocellular damage resulting in
				elevated SGPT, SGOT, alkaline phosphatase, and bilirubin. Absorption through
				the skin is rapid. MDA is metabolized and excreted over a 48-hour period.
				Direct contact may be irritating to the skin, causing dermatitis. Also MDA
				which is deposited on the skin is not thoroughly removed through washing. MDA
				may cause bladder cancer in humans. Animal data supporting this assumption is
				not available nor is conclusive human data. However, human data collected on
				workers at a helicopter manufacturing facility where MDA is used suggests a
				higher incidence of bladder cancer among exposed workers.
(3)
Signs and symptoms.
Skin may
				become yellow from contact with MDA. Repeated or prolonged contact with MDA may
				result in recurring dermatitis (red-itchy, cracked skin) and eye irritation.
				Inhalation, ingestion, or absorption through the skin at high concentrations
				may result in hepatitis, causing symptoms such as fever and chills, nausea and
				vomiting, dark urine, anorexia, rash, right upper quadrant pain, and jaundice.
				Corneal burns may occur when MDA is splashed in the eyes.
(4)
Treatment of acute toxic
				effects/emergency situation.
If MDA gets into the eyes, immediately wash
				eyes with large amounts of water. If MDA is splashed on the skin, immediately
				wash contaminated skin with mild soap or detergent. Employee should be removed
				from exposure and given proper medical treatment. Medical tests required under
				the emergency section of the medical surveillance (WAC
				296-155-17327(4)
				) must be conducted. If the chemical is swallowed do not induce vomiting but
				remove by gastric lavage.
Statutory Authority: Chapter 49.17 RCW. 93-04-111 (Order
					 92-15), § 296-155-17345, filed 2/3/93, effective
					 3/15/93.