Washington Administrative Code › Title 296 - Labor and Industries, Department of › Chapter 296-24 - General safety and health standards › Part L - ELECTRICAL › Section 296-24-990 - Definitions

Current through Register Vol. 24-14, July 15, 2024
Definitions applicable to WAC 296-24-956 through
				  296-24-985. Unless the context
				  indicates otherwise, words used in this section must have the meaning
				  given.
Acceptable.
An installation or equipment is
				  acceptable to the director of labor and industries, and approved within the
				  meaning of this section:
(a) If it is accepted, or certified, or listed, or labeled,
				  or otherwise determined to be safe by a nationally recognized testing
				  laboratory; or
(b) With respect to an installation or equipment of a kind
				  which no nationally recognized testing laboratory accepts, certifies, lists,
				  labels, or determines to be safe, if it is inspected or tested by another
				  federal agency, or by a state, municipal, or other local authority responsible
				  for enforcing occupational safety provisions of the National Electrical Code,
				  and found in compliance with the provisions of the National Electrical Code as
				  applied in this section; or
(c) With respect to custom-made equipment or related
				  installations which are designed, fabricated for, and intended for use by a
				  particular customer, if it is determined to be safe for its intended use by its
				  manufacturer on the basis of test data which the employer keeps and makes
				  available for inspection to the director and their authorized representatives.
				  Refer to federal regulation 29 C.F.R. 1910.7 for definition of
				  nationally recognized testing laboratory.
Accepted.
An installation is "accepted" if it
				  has been inspected and found by a nationally recognized testing laboratory to
				  conform to specified plans or to procedures of applicable codes.
Accessible.
(As applied to wiring methods.)
				  Capable of being removed or exposed without damaging the building structure of
				  finish, or not permanently closed in by the structure or finish of the
				  building. (See "concealed" and "exposed.")
Accessible.
(As applied to equipment.) Admitting
				  close approach; not guarded by locked doors, elevation, or other effective
				  means. (See "readily accessible.")
Ampacity.
Current-carrying capacity of electric
				  conductors expressed in amperes.
Appliances.
Utilization equipment, generally
				  other than industrial, normally built in standardized sizes or types, which is
				  installed or connected as a unit to perform one or more functions such as
				  clothes washing, air conditioning, food mixing, deep frying, etc.
Approved.
Acceptable to the authority enforcing
				  this section. The authority enforcing this section is the director of labor and
				  industries. The definition of "acceptable" indicates what is acceptable to the
				  director and therefore approved within the meaning of this section.
Approved for the purpose.
Approved for a
				  specific purpose, environment, or application described in a particular
				  standard requirement.
Suitability of equipment or materials for a specific purpose,
				  environment or application may be determined by a nationally recognized testing
				  laboratory, inspection agency or other organization concerned with product
				  evaluation as part of its listing and labeling program. (See "labeled" or
				  "listed.")
Armored cable.
Type AC armored cable is a
				  fabricated assembly of insulated conductors in a flexible metallic
				  enclosure.
Askarel.
A generic term for a group of
				  nonflammable synthetic chlorinated hydrocarbons used as electrical insulating
				  media. Askarels of various compositional types are used. Under arcing
				  conditions the gases produced, while consisting predominantly of noncombustible
				  hydrogen chloride, can include varying amounts of combustible gases depending
				  upon the askarel type.
Attachment plug (plug cap) (cap).
A device
				  which, by insertion in a receptacle, establishes connection between the
				  conductors of the attached flexible cord and the conductors connected
				  permanently to the receptacle.
Automatic.
Self-acting, operating by its own
				  mechanism when actuated by some impersonal influence, as, for example, a change
				  in current strength, pressure, temperature, or mechanical configuration.
Bare conductor.
See "conductor."
Barrier.
A physical obstruction that is intended
				  to prevent contact with equipment or live parts or to prevent unauthorized
				  access to a work area.
Bathroom.
An area including a basin with one or
				  more of the following: A toilet, a tub, or a shower.
Bonding.
The permanent joining of metallic parts
				  to form an electrically conductive path which will assure electrical continuity
				  and the capacity to conduct safely any current likely to be imposed.
Bonding jumper.
A reliable conductor to assure
				  the required electrical conductivity between metal parts required to be
				  electrically connected.
Branch circuit.
The circuit conductors between
				  the final overcurrent device protecting the circuit and the outlet(s).
Building.
A structure which stands alone or
				  which is cut off from adjoining structures by fire walls with all openings
				  therein protected by approved fire doors.
Cabinet.
An enclosure designed either for
				  surface or flush mounting, and provided with a frame, mat, or trim in which a
				  swinging door or doors are or may be hung.
Cable tray system.
A cable tray system is a unit
				  or assembly of units or sections, and associated fittings, made of metal or
				  other noncombustible materials forming a rigid structural system used to
				  support cables. Cable tray systems include ladders, troughs, channels, solid
				  bottom trays, and other similar structures.
Cablebus.
Cablebus is an approved assembly of
				  insulated conductors with fittings and conductor terminations in a completely
				  enclosed, ventilated, protective metal housing.
Cell line.
An assembly of electrically
				  interconnected electrolytic cells supplied by a source of direct current
				  power.
Cell line attachments and auxiliary equipment.
Cell line attachments and auxiliary equipment include, but are not limited to,
				  auxiliary tanks, process piping, ductwork, structural supports, exposed cell
				  line conductors, conduits and other raceways, pumps, positioning equipment, and
				  cell cutout or bypass electrical devices. Auxiliary equipment also includes
				  tools, welding machines, crucibles, and other portable equipment used for
				  operation and maintenance within the electrolytic cell line working zone. In
				  the cell line working zone, auxiliary equipment includes the exposed conductive
				  surfaces of ungrounded cranes and crane-mounted cell-servicing
				  equipment.
Center pivot irrigation machine.
A center pivot
				  irrigation machine is a multimotored irrigation machine which revolves around a
				  central pivot and employs alignment switches or similar devices to control
				  individual motors.
Certified.
Equipment is "certified" if it:
(a) Has been tested and found by a nationally recognized
				  testing laboratory to meet nationally recognized standards or to be safe for
				  use in a specified manner; or
(b) is of a kind whose production is periodically inspected
				  by a nationally recognized testing laboratory; and
(c) it bears a label, tag, or other record of certification.
Circuit breaker.
(a)
(600 volts nominal, or less.)
A device
				  designed to open and close a circuit by nonautomatic means and to open the
				  circuit automatically on a predetermined overcurrent without injury to itself
				  when properly applied within its rating.
(b)
(Over 600 volts, nominal.)
A switching device
				  capable of making, carrying, and breaking currents under normal circuit
				  conditions, and also making, carrying for a specified time, and breaking
				  currents under specified abnormal circuit conditions, such as those of short
				  circuit.
Class I locations.
Class I locations are those
				  in which flammable gases or vapors are or may be present in the air in
				  quantities sufficient to produce explosive or ignitible mixtures. Class I
				  locations include the following:
(a)
Class I, Division 1.
A Class I, Division 1
				  location is a location:
(i) In which hazardous concentrations of flammable gases or
				  vapors may exist under normal operating conditions; or
(ii) In which hazardous concentrations of such gases or
				  vapors may exist frequently because of repair or maintenance operations or
				  because of leakage; or
(iii) In which breakdown or faulty operation of equipment or
				  processes might release hazardous concentrations of flammable gases or vapors,
				  and might also cause simultaneous failure of electric equipment.
Note:
This classification usually includes
				  locations where volatile flammable liquids or liquefied flammable gases are
				  transferred from one container to another; interiors of spray booths and areas
				  in the vicinity of spraying and painting operations where volatile flammable
				  solvents are used; locations containing open tanks or vats of volatile
				  flammable liquids; drying rooms or compartments for the evaporation of
				  flammable solvents; locations containing fat and oil extraction equipment using
				  volatile flammable solvents; portions of cleaning and dyeing plants where
				  flammable liquids are used; gas generator rooms and other portions of gas
				  manufacturing plants where flammable gas may escape; inadequately ventilated
				  pump rooms for flammable gas or for volatile flammable liquids; the interiors
				  of refrigerators and freezers in which volatile flammable materials are stored
				  in open, lightly stoppered, or easily ruptured containers; and all other
				  locations where ignitible concentrations of flammable vapors or gases are
				  likely to occur in the course of normal operations.
(b)
Class I, Division 2.
A Class I, Division 2
				  location is a location:
(i) In which volatile flammable liquids or flammable gases
				  are handled, processed, or used, but in which the hazardous liquids, vapors, or
				  gases will normally be confined within closed containers or closed systems from
				  which they can escape only in case of accidental rupture or breakdown of such
				  containers or systems, or in case of abnormal operation of equipment; or
(ii) In which hazardous concentrations of gases or vapors are
				  normally prevented by positive mechanical ventilation, and which might become
				  hazardous through failure or abnormal operations of the ventilating equipment;
				  or
(iii) That is adjacent to a Class I, Division 1 location, and
				  to which hazardous concentrations of gases or vapors might occasionally be
				  communicated unless such communication is prevented by adequate
				  positive-pressure ventilation from a source of clean air, and effective
				  safeguards against ventilation failure are provided.
Note:
This classification usually includes
				  locations where volatile flammable liquids or flammable gases or vapors are
				  used, but which would become hazardous only in case of an accident or of some
				  unusual operating condition. The quantity of flammable material that might
				  escape in case of accident, the adequacy of ventilating equipment, the total
				  area involved, and the record of the industry or business with respect to
				  explosions or fires are all factors that merit consideration in determining the
				  classification and extent of each location.
Piping without valves, checks, meters, and similar devices
				  would not ordinarily introduce a hazardous condition even though used for
				  flammable liquids or gases. Locations used for the storage of flammable liquids
				  or a liquefied or compressed gases in sealed containers would not normally be
				  considered hazardous unless also subject to other hazardous conditions.
Electrical conduits and their associated enclosures separated
				  from process fluids by a single seal or barrier are classed as a Division 2
				  location if the outside of the conduit and enclosures is a nonhazardous
				  location.
(c)
Class I, Zone 0.
A Class I, Zone 0 location
				  is a location in which one of the following conditions exists:
(i) Ignitable concentrations of flammable gases or vapors are
				  present continuously; or
(ii) Ignitable concentrations of flammable gases or vapors
				  are present for long periods of time.
Note to the definition of "Class I, Zone 0":
As
				  a guide in determining when flammable gases or vapors are present continuously
				  or for long periods of time, refer to
Recommended Practice for
				  Classification of Locations for Electrical Installations of Petroleum
				  Facilities Classified as Class I, Zone 0, Zone 1 or Zone 2, API RP 505-1997;
				  Electrical Apparatus for Explosive Gas Atmospheres, Classifications of
				  Hazardous Areas, IEC 79-10-1995; Area Classification Code for Petroleum
				  Installations, Model CodePart 15, Institute for Petroleum; and Electrical
				  Apparatus for Explosive Gas Atmospheres, Classifications of Hazardous
				  (Classified) Locations
, ISA S12.24.01-1997.
(d)
Class I, Zone 1.
A Class I, Zone 1 location
				  is a location in which one of the following conditions exists:
(i) Ignitable concentrations of flammable gases or vapors are
				  likely to exist under normal operating conditions; or
(ii) Ignitable concentrations of flammable gases or vapors
				  may exist frequently because of repair or maintenance operations or because of
				  leakage; or
(iii) Equipment is operated or processes are carried on of
				  such a nature that equipment breakdown or faulty operations could result in the
				  release of ignitable concentrations of flammable gases or vapors and also cause
				  simultaneous failure of electric equipment in a manner that would cause the
				  electric equipment to become a source of ignition; or
(iv) A location that is adjacent to a Class I, Zone 0
				  location from which ignitable concentrations of vapors could be communicated,
				  unless communication is prevented by adequate positive pressure ventilation
				  from a source of clean air and effective safeguards against ventilation failure
				  are provided.
(e)
Class I, Zone 2.
A Class I, Zone 2 location
				  is a location in which one of the following conditions exists:
(i) Ignitable concentrations of flammable gases or vapors are
				  not likely to occur in normal operation and if they do occur will exist only
				  for a short period; or
(ii) Volatile flammable liquids, flammable gases, or
				  flammable vapors are handled, processed, or used, but in which the liquids,
				  gases, or vapors are normally confined within closed containers or closed
				  systems from which they can escape only as a result of accidental rupture or
				  breakdown of the containers or system or as the result of the abnormal
				  operation of the equipment with which the liquids or gases are handled,
				  processed, or used; or
(iii) Ignitable concentrations of flammable gases or vapors
				  normally are prevented by positive mechanical ventilation, but which may become
				  hazardous as the result of failure or abnormal operation of the ventilation
				  equipment; or
(iv) A location that is adjacent to a Class I, Zone 1
				  location, from which ignitable concentrations of flammable gases or vapors
				  could be communicated, unless such communication is prevented by adequate
				  positive-pressure ventilation from a source of clean air, and effective
				  safeguards against ventilation failure are provided.
Class II locations.
Class II locations are those
				  that are hazardous because of the presence of combustible dust. Class II
				  locations include the following:
(a)
Class II, Division 1.
A Class II, Division 1
				  location is a location:
(i) In which combustible dust is or may be in suspension in
				  the air under normal operating conditions, in quantities sufficient to produce
				  explosives or ignitible mixtures; or
(ii) Where mechanical failure or abnormal operation of
				  machinery or equipment might cause such explosive or ignitible mixtures to be
				  produced, and might also provide a source of ignition through simultaneous
				  failure of electric equipment, operation of protection devices, or from other
				  causes; or
(iii) In which combustible dusts of an electrically
				  conductive nature may be present.
Note:
This classification may include areas of
				  grain handling and processing plants, starch plants, sugar-pulverizing plants,
				  malting plants, hay-grinding plants, coal pulverizing plants, areas where metal
				  dusts and powders are produced or processed, and other similar locations which
				  contain dust producing machinery and equipment (except where the equipment is
				  dust-tight or vented to the outside). These areas would have combustible dust
				  in the air, under normal operating conditions, in quantities sufficient to
				  produce explosive or ignitible mixtures. Combustible dusts which are
				  electrically nonconductive include dusts produced in the handling and
				  processing of grain and grain products, pulverized sugar and cocoa, dried egg
				  and milk powders, pulverized spices, starch and pastes, potato and wood-flour,
				  oil meal from beans and seed, dried hay, and other organic materials which may
				  produce combustible dusts when processed or handled. Dusts containing magnesium
				  or aluminum are particularly hazardous and the use of extreme caution is
				  necessary to avoid ignition and explosion.
(b)
Class II, Division 2.
A Class II, Division 2
				  location is a location in which:
(i) Combustible dust will not normally be in suspension in
				  the air in quantities sufficient to produce explosive or ignitible mixtures;
				  and dust accumulations are normally insufficient to interfere with the normal
				  operation of electrical equipment or other apparatus; or
(ii) Dust may be in suspension in the air as a result of
				  infrequent malfunctioning of handling or processing equipment, and dust
				  accumulations resulting therefrom may be ignitible by abnormal operation or
				  failure of electrical equipment or other apparatus.
Note:
This classification includes locations
				  where dangerous concentrations of suspended dust would not be likely but where
				  dust accumulations might form on or in the vicinity of electric equipment.
				  These areas may contain equipment from which appreciable quantities of dust
				  would escape under abnormal operating conditions or be adjacent to a Class II,
				  Division 1 location, as described above, into which an explosive or ignitible
				  concentration of dust may be put into suspension under abnormal operating
				  conditions.
Class III locations.
Class III locations are
				  those that are hazardous because of the presence of easily ignitible fibers or
				  flyings but in which such fibers or flyings are not likely to be in suspension
				  in the air in quantities sufficient to produce ignitible mixtures. Class III
				  locations include the following:
(a)
Class III, Division 1.
A Class III, Division
				  1 location is a location in which easily ignitible fibers or materials
				  producing combustible flyings are handled, manufactured, or used.
Note:
Such locations usually include some parts
				  of rayon, cotton, and other textile mills; combustible fiber manufacturing and
				  processing plants; cotton gins and cottonseed mills; flax-processing plants;
				  clothing manufacturing plants; woodworking plants and establishments; and
				  industries involving similar hazardous processes or conditions.
Easily ignitible fibers and flyings include rayon, cotton
				  (including cotton linters and cotton waste), sisal or henequen, istle, jute,
				  hemp, tow, cocoa fiber, oakum, baled waste kapok, Spanish moss, excelsior, and
				  other materials of similar nature.
(b)
Class III, Division 2.
A Class III, Division
				  2 location is a location in which easily ignitible fibers are stored or
				  handled, except in process of manufacture.
Collector ring.
A collector ring is an assembly
				  of slip rings for transferring electrical energy from a stationary to a
				  rotating member.
Competent person.
One who is capable of
				  identifying existing and predictable hazards in the surroundings or working
				  conditions that are unsanitary, hazardous, or dangerous to employees and who
				  has authorization to take prompt corrective measures to eliminate them.
Concealed.
Rendered inaccessible by the
				  structure or finish of the building. Wires in concealed raceways are considered
				  concealed, even though they may become accessible by withdrawing them. See
				  "Accessible. (As applied to wiring methods.)"
Conductor.
(a)
Bare.
A conductor having no covering or
				  electrical insulation whatsoever.
(b)
Covered.
A conductor encased within material
				  of composition or thickness that is not recognized as electrical
				  insulation.
(c)
Insulated.
A conductor encased within
				  material of composition and thickness that is recognized as electrical
				  insulation.
Conduit body.
A separate portion of a conduit or
				  tubing system that provides access through a removable cover(s) to the interior
				  of the system at a junction of two or more sections of the system or at a
				  terminal point of the system. Boxes such as FS and FD or larger cast or sheet
				  metal boxes are not classified as conduit bodies.
Controller.
A device or group of devices that
				  serves to govern, in some predetermined manner, the electric power delivered to
				  the apparatus to which it is connected.
Cooking unit, counter-mounted
. A cooking
				  appliance designed for mounting in or on a counter and consisting of one or
				  more heating elements, internal wiring, and built-in or separately mountable
				  controls. (See "oven, wall-mounted.")
Covered conductor.
See "conductor."
Cutout.
(Over 600 volts, nominal.) An assembly
				  of a fuse support with either a fuseholder, fuse carrier, or disconnecting
				  blade. The fuseholder or fuse carrier may include a conducting element (fuse
				  link), or may act as the disconnecting blade by the inclusion of a nonfusible
				  member.
Cutout box.
An enclosure designed for surface
				  mounting and having swinging doors or covers secured directly to and
				  telescoping with the walls of the box proper. (See "cabinet.")
Damp location.
See "location."
Dead front.
Without live parts exposed to a
				  person on the operating side of the equipment.
Deenergized.
Free from any electrical connection
				  to a source of potential difference and from electrical charge; not having a
				  potential difference from that of the earth.
Device.
A unit of an electrical system which is
				  intended to carry but not utilize electric energy.
Dielectric heating.
Dielectric heating is the
				  heating of a nominally insulating material due to its own dielectric losses
				  when the materials are placed in a varying electric filed.
Disconnecting means.
A device, or group of
				  devices, or other means by which the conductors of a circuit can be
				  disconnected from their source of supply.
Disconnecting (or isolating) switch.
(Over 600
				  volts, nominal.) A mechanical switching device used for isolating a circuit or
				  equipment from a source of power.
Dry location.
See "location."
Electric sign.
Fixed, stationary, or portable
				  self-contained, electrically illuminated utilization equipment with words or
				  symbols designed to convey information or attract attention.
Electrolytic cell line working zone.
The cell
				  line working zone is the space envelope wherein operation or maintenance is
				  normally performed on or in the vicinity of exposed energized surfaces of
				  electrolytic cell lines or their attachments.
Electrolytic cells.
A tank or vat in which
				  electrochemical reactions are caused by applying energy for the purpose of
				  refining or producing usable materials.
Enclosed.
Surrounded by a case, housing, fence
				  or walls which will prevent persons from accidentally contacting energized
				  parts.
Enclosure.
The case or housing of apparatus, or
				  the fence or walls surrounding an installation to prevent personnel from
				  accidentally contacting energized parts, or to protect the equipment from
				  physical damage.
Energized.
Electrically connected to a source of
				  potential difference.
Equipment.
A general term including material,
				  fittings, devices, appliances, fixtures, apparatus, and the like, used as a
				  part of, or in connection with, an electrical installation.
Equipment grounding conductor.
See "grounding
				  conductor, equipment."
Explosion-proof apparatus.
Apparatus enclosed in
				  a case that is capable of withstanding an explosion of a specified gas or vapor
				  which may occur within it and of preventing the ignition of a specified gas or
				  vapor surrounding the enclosure by sparks, flashes, or explosion of the gas or
				  vapor within, and which operates at such an external temperature that it will
				  not ignite a surrounding flammable atmosphere.
Exposed.
(As applied to live parts.) Capable of
				  being inadvertently touched or approached nearer than a safe distance by a
				  person. It is applied to parts not suitably guarded, isolated, or insulated.
				  (See "accessible" and "concealed.")
Exposed.
(As applied to wiring methods.) On or
				  attached to the surface or behind panels designed to allow access. See
				  "Accessible. (As applied to wiring methods.)"
Exposed.
(For the purpose of WAC
				  296-24-95713(5),
				  communications systems.) Where the circuit is in such a position that in case
				  of failure of supports or insulation, contact with another circuit may
				  result.
Externally operable.
Capable of being operated
				  without exposing the operator to contact with live parts.
Feeder.
All circuit conductors between the
				  service equipment, or the generator switchboard of an isolated plant, and the
				  final branch-circuit overcurrent device.
Fitting.
An accessory such as a locknut,
				  bushing, or other part of a wiring system that is intended primarily to perform
				  a mechanical rather than an electrical function.
Fountain.
Fountains, ornamental pools, display
				  pools, and reflection pools.
Note to the definition of "fountain:"
This
				  definition does not include drinking fountains.
Fuse.
(Over 600 volts, nominal.) An overcurrent
				  protective device with a circuit opening fusible part that is heated and
				  severed by the passage of overcurrent through it. A fuse comprises all the
				  parts that form a unit capable of performing the prescribed functions. It may
				  or may not be the complete device necessary to connect it into an electrical
				  circuit.
Ground.
A conducting connection, whether
				  intentional or accidental, between an electrical circuit or equipment and the
				  earth, or to some conducting body that serves in place of the earth.
Grounded.
Connected to earth or to some
				  conducting body that serves in place of the earth.
Grounded, effectively.
(Over 600 volts,
				  nominal.) Permanently connected to earth through a ground connection of
				  sufficiently low impedance and having sufficient ampacity that ground fault
				  current which may occur cannot build up to voltages dangerous to
				  personnel.
Grounded conductor.
A system or circuit
				  conductor that is intentionally grounded.
Grounding conductor.
A conductor used to connect
				  equipment or the grounded circuit of a wiring system to a grounding electrode
				  or electrodes.
Grounding conductor, equipment.
The conductor
				  used to connect the noncurrent-carrying metal parts of equipment, raceways, and
				  other enclosures to the system grounded conductor and/or the grounding
				  electrode conductor at the service equipment or at the source of a separately
				  derived system.
Grounding electrode conductor.
The conductor
				  used to connect the grounding electrode to the equipment grounding conductor
				  and/or to the grounded conductor of the circuit at the service equipment or at
				  the source of a separately derived system.
Ground-fault circuit-interrupter.
A device whose
				  function is to interrupt the electric circuit to the load when a fault current
				  to ground exceeds some predetermined value that is less than that required to
				  operate the overcurrent protective device of the supply circuit.
Guarded.
Covered, shielded, fenced, enclosed, or
				  otherwise protected by means of suitable covers, casings, barriers, rails,
				  screens, mats, or platforms to remove the likelihood of approach to a point of
				  danger or contact by persons or objects.
Health care facilities.
Buildings or portions of
				  buildings and mobile homes that contain, but are not limited to, hospitals,
				  nursing homes, extended care facilities, clinics, and medical and dental
				  offices, whether fixed or mobile.
Heating equipment.
For the purposes of WAC
				  296-24-95611(7), the term "heating equipment" includes any equipment used for
				  heating purposes if heat is generated by induction or dielectric
				  methods.
Hoistway.
Any shaftway, hatchway, well hole, or
				  other vertical opening or space in which an elevator or dumbwaiter is designed
				  to operate.
Identified.
Identified, as used in reference to
				  a conductor or its terminal, means that such conductor or terminal can be
				  readily recognized as grounded.
Identified (as applied to equipment).
Approved
				  as suitable for the specific purpose, function, use, environment, or
				  application, where described in a particular requirement.
Note to the definition of "identified (as applied to
				  equipment):"
Some examples of ways to determine suitability of equipment
				  for a specific purpose, environment, or application include investigations by a
				  nationally recognized testing laboratory (through listing and labeling),
				  inspection agency, or other organization recognized under the definition of
				  "acceptable."
Induction heating.
Induction heating is the
				  heating of a nominally conductive material due to its own
				  I2R losses when the material is placed in a varying
				  electromagnetic field.
Insulated.
Separated from other conducting
				  surfaces by a dielectric (including air space) offering a high resistance to
				  the passage of current.
Insulated conductor.
See "conductor."
Interrupter switch.
(Over 600 volts, nominal.) A
				  switch capable of making, carrying, and interrupting specified currents.
Irrigation machine.
An irrigation machine is an
				  electrically driven or controlled machine, with one or more motors, not hand
				  portable, and used primarily to transport and distribute water for agricultural
				  purposes.
Isolated.
Not readily accessible to persons
				  unless special means for access are used.
Isolated power system.
A system comprising an
				  isolating transformer or its equivalent, a line isolation monitor, and its
				  ungrounded circuit conductors.
Labeled.
Equipment is "labeled" if there is
				  attached to it a label, symbol, or other identifying mark of a nationally
				  recognized testing laboratory which: (a) Makes periodic inspections of the
				  production of such equipment; and (b) whose labeling indicates compliance with
				  nationally recognized standards or tests to determine safe use in a specified
				  manner.
Lighting outlet.
An outlet intended for the
				  direct connection of a lampholder, a lighting fixture, or a pendant cord
				  terminating in a lampholder.
Line-clearance tree trimming.
The pruning,
				  trimming, repairing, maintaining, removing, or clearing of trees or cutting of
				  brush that is within 10 feet of electric supply lines and equipment.
Listed.
Equipment is "listed" if it is of a kind
				  mentioned in a list which:
(a) Is published by a nationally recognized laboratory which
				  makes periodic inspection of the production of such equipment; and
(b) states such equipment meets nationally recognized
				  standards or has been tested and found safe for use in a specified manner.
Live parts.
Energized conductive components.
Location.
(a)
Damp location.
Partially protected locations
				  under canopies, marquees, roofed open porches, and like locations, and interior
				  locations subject to moderate degrees of moisture, such as some basements, some
				  barns, and some cold-storage warehouses.
(b)
Dry location.
A location not normally
				  subject to dampness or wetness. A location classified as dry may be temporarily
				  subject to dampness or wetness, as in the case of a building under
				  construction.
(c)
Wet location.
Installations underground or
				  in concrete slabs or masonry in direct contact with the earth, and locations
				  subject to saturation with water or other liquids, such as vehicle-washing
				  areas and locations exposed to weather and unprotected.
Medium voltage cable.
Type MV medium voltage
				  cable is a single or multiconductor solid dielectric insulated cable rated 2000
				  volts or higher.
Metal-clad cable.
Type MC cable is a factory
				  assembly of one or more conductors, each individually insulated and enclosed in
				  a metallic sheath of interlocking tape, or a smooth or corrugated tube.
Mineral-insulated metal-sheathed cable.
Type MI
				  mineral-insulated metal-sheathed cable is a factory assembly of one or more
				  conductors insulated with a highly compressed refractory mineral insulation and
				  enclosed in a liquidtight and gastight continuous copper sheath.
Mobile X ray.
X-ray equipment mounted on a
				  permanent base with wheels and/or casters for moving while completely
				  assembled.
Motor control center.
An assembly of one or more
				  enclosed sections having a common power bus and principally containing motor
				  control units.
Nonmetallic-sheathed cable.
Nonmetallic-sheathed
				  cable is a factory assembly of two or more insulated conductors having an outer
				  sheath of moisture resistant, flameretardant, nonmetallic material. Nonmetallic
				  sheathed cable is manufactured in the following types:
(a)
Type NM.
The overall covering has a
				  flameretardant and moisture-resistant finish.
(b)
Type NMC.
The overall covering is
				  flame-retardant, moisture-resistant, fungus-resistant, and corrosion-resistant.
Oil (filled) cutout.
(Over 600 volts, nominal.)
				  A cutout in which all or part of the fuse support and its fuse link or
				  disconnecting blade are mounted in oil with complete immersion of the contacts
				  and the fusible portion of the conducting element (fuse link), so that arc
				  interruption by severing of the fuse link or by opening of the contacts will
				  occur under oil.
Open wiring on insulators.
Open wiring on
				  insulators is an exposed wiring method using cleats, knobs, tubes, and flexible
				  tubing for the protection and support of single insulated conductors run in or
				  on buildings, and not concealed by the building structure.
Outlet.
A point on the wiring system at which
				  current is taken to supply utilization equipment.
Outline lighting.
An arrangement of incandescent
				  lamps or electric discharge tubing to outline or call attention to certain
				  features such as the shape of a building or the decoration of a window.
Oven, wall-mounted.
An oven for cooking purposes
				  designed for mounting in or on a wall or other surface and consisting of one or
				  more heating elements, internal wiring, and built-in or separately mountable
				  controls. (See "cooking unit, counter-mounted.")
Overcurrent.
Any current in excess of the rated
				  current of equipment or the ampacity of a conductor. It may result from
				  overload (see definition), short circuit, or ground fault. A current in excess
				  of rating may be accommodated by certain equipment and conductors for a given
				  set of conditions. Hence the rules for overcurrent protection are specific for
				  particular situations.
Overhaul.
To perform a major replacement,
				  modification, repair, or rehabilitation similar to that involved when a new
				  building or facility is built, a new wing is added, or an entire floor is
				  renovated.
Overload.
Operation of equipment in excess of
				  normal, full load rating, or of a conductor in excess of rated ampacity which,
				  when it persists for a sufficient length of time, would cause damage or
				  dangerous overheating. A fault, such as a short circuit or ground fault, is not
				  an overload. (See "over-current.")
Panelboard.
A single panel or group of panel
				  units designed for assembly in the form of a single panel; including buses,
				  automatic overcurrent devices, and with or without switches for the control of
				  light, heat, or power circuits; designed to be placed in a cabinet or cutout
				  box placed in or against a wall or partition and accessible only from the
				  front. (See "switchboard.")
Permanently installed decorative fountains and
				  reflection pools.
Those that are constructed in the ground, on the
				  ground, or in a building in such a manner that the pool cannot be readily
				  disassembled for storage and are served by electrical circuits of any nature.
				  These units are primarily constructed for their aesthetic value and not
				  intended for swimming or wading.
Permanently installed swimming pools, wading and
				  therapeutic pools.
Those that are constructed in the ground, on the
				  ground, or in a building in such a manner that the pool cannot be readily
				  disassembled for storage whether or not served by electrical circuits of any
				  nature.
Portable X ray.
X-ray equipment designed to be
				  hand-carried.
Power and control tray cable.
Type TC power and
				  control tray cable is a factory assembly of two or more insulated conductors,
				  with or without associated bare or covered grounding conductors under a
				  nonmetallic sheath, approved for installation in cable trays, in raceways, or
				  where supported by a messenger wire.
Power fuse.
(Over 600 volts, nominal.) See
				  "fuse."
Power-limited tray cable.
Type PLTC
				  nonmetallic-sheathed power limited tray cable is a factory assembly of two or
				  more insulated conductors under a nonmetallic jacket.
Power outlet.
An enclosed assembly which may
				  include receptacles, circuit breakers, fuseholders, fused switches, buses and
				  watt-hour meter mounting means; intended to supply and control power to mobile
				  homes, recreational vehicles or boats, or to serve as a means for distributing
				  power required to operate mobile or temporarily installed equipment.
Premises wiring system.
That interior and
				  exterior wiring, including power, lighting, control, and signal circuit wiring
				  together with all of its associated hardware, fittings, and wiring devices,
				  both permanently and temporarily installed, which extends from the load end of
				  the service drop, or load end of the service lateral conductors to the
				  outlet(s). Such wiring does not include wiring internal to appliances,
				  fixtures, motors, controllers, motor control centers, and similar
				  equipment.
Qualified person.
One familiar with the
				  construction and operation of the equipment and the hazards involved.
Note 1:
Whether an employee is considered to be
				  a "qualified person" will depend upon various circumstances in the workplace.
				  It is possible, and in fact likely, for an individual to be considered
				  "qualified" with regard to certain equipment in the workplace, but
				  "unqualified" as to other equipment. (See WAC
				  296-24-970 for training
				  requirements that specifically apply to qualified persons.)
Note 2:
An employee who is undergoing on-the-job
				  training and who, in the course of such training, has demonstrated an ability
				  to perform duties safely at their level of training and who is under the direct
				  supervision of a qualified person is considered to be a qualified person for
				  the performance of those duties.
Raceway.
A channel designed expressly for
				  holding wires, cables, or busbars, with additional functions as permitted in
				  this part. Raceways may be of metal or insulating material, and the term
				  includes rigid metal conduit, rigid nonmetallic conduit, intermediate metal
				  conduit, liquidtight flexible metal conduit, flexible metallic tubing, flexible
				  metal conduit, electrical metallic tubing, underfloor raceways, cellular
				  concrete floor raceways, cellular metal floor raceways, surface raceways,
				  wireways, and busways.
Readily accessible.
Capable of being reached
				  quickly for operation, renewal, or inspections, without requiring those to whom
				  ready access is requisite to climb over or remove obstacles or to resort to
				  portable ladders, chairs, etc. (See "accessible.")
Receptacle.
A receptacle is a contact device
				  installed at the outlet for the connection of a single attachment plug. A
				  single receptacle is a single contact device with no other contact device on
				  the same yoke. A multiple receptacle is a single device containing two or more
				  receptacles.
Receptacle outlet.
An outlet where one or more
				  receptacles are installed.
Remote-control circuit.
Any electric circuit
				  that controls any other circuit through a relay or an equivalent device.
Sealable equipment.
Equipment enclosed in a case
				  or cabinet that is provided with a means of sealing or locking so that live
				  parts cannot be made accessible without opening the enclosure. The equipment
				  may or may not be operable without opening the enclosure.
Separately derived system.
A premises wiring
				  system whose power is derived from generator, transformer, or converter winding
				  and has no direct electrical connection, including a solidly connected grounded
				  circuit conductor, to supply conductors originating in another system.
Service.
The conductors and equipment for
				  delivering energy from the electricity supply system to the wiring system of
				  the premises served.
Service cable.
Service conductors made up in the
				  form of a cable.
Service conductors.
The supply conductors that
				  extend from the street main or from transformers to the service equipment of
				  the premises supplied.
Service drop.
The overhead service conductors
				  from the last pole or other aerial support to and including the splices, if
				  any, connecting to the service-entrance conductors at the building or other
				  structure.
Service-entrance cable.
Service-entrance cable
				  is a single conductor or multiconductor assembly provided with or without an
				  overall covering, primarily used for services and of the following
				  types:
(a)
Type SE,
having a flame-retardant,
				  moisture-resistant covering, but not required to have inherent protection
				  against mechanical abuse.
(b)
Type USE,
recognized for underground use,
				  having a moisture-resistant covering, but not required to have a
				  flame-retardant covering or inherent protection against mechanical abuse.
				  Single-conductor cables having an insulation specifically approved for the
				  purpose do not require an outer covering.
Service-entrance conductors, overhead system.
The service conductors between the terminals of the service equipment and a
				  point usually outside the building, clear of building walls, where joined by
				  tap or splice to the service drop.
Service-entrance conductors, underground
				  system.
The service conductors between the terminals of the service
				  equipment and the point of connection to the service lateral. Where service
				  equipment is located outside the building walls, there may be no
				  service-entrance conductors, or they may be entirely outside the
				  building.
Service equipment.
The necessary equipment,
				  usually consisting of a circuit breaker or switch and fuses, and their
				  accessories, located near the point of entrance of supply conductors to a
				  building or other structure, or an otherwise defined area, and intended to
				  constitute the main control and means of cutoff of the supply.
Service raceway.
The raceway that encloses the
				  service-entrance conductors.
Shielded nonmetallic-sheathed cable.
Type SNM,
				  shielded nonmetallic-sheathed cable, is a factory assembly of two or more
				  insulated conductors in an extruded core of moisture-resistant, flame-resistant
				  nonmetallic material, covered with an overlapping spiral metal tape and wire
				  shield and jacketed with an extruded moisture-resistant, flame-resistant,
				  oil-resistant, corrosion-resistant, fungus-resistant, and sunlight-resistant
				  nonmetallic material.
Show window.
Any window used or designed to be
				  used for the display of goods or advertising material, whether it is fully or
				  partly enclosed or entirely open at the rear and whether or not it has a
				  platform raised higher than the street floor level.
Sign.
See "electric sign."
Signaling circuit.
Any electric circuit that
				  energizes signaling equipment.
Special permission.
The written consent of the
				  authority having jurisdiction.
Storable swimming or wading pool.
A pool with a
				  maximum dimension of fifteen feet and a maximum wall height of three feet and
				  is so constructed that it may be readily disassembled for storage and
				  reassembled to its original integrity.
Switchboard.
A large single panel, frame, or
				  assembly of panels which have switches, buses, instruments, overcurrent and
				  other protective devices mounted on the face or back or both. Switchboards are
				  generally accessible from the rear as well as from the front and are not
				  intended to be installed in cabinets. (See "panelboard.")
Switches.
(a)
General-use switch.
A switch intended for
				  use in general distribution and branch circuits. It is rated in amperes, and it
				  is capable of interrupting its rated current at its rated voltage.
(b)
General-use snap switch.
A form of
				  general-use switch so constructed that it can be installed in flush device
				  boxes or on outlet box covers, or otherwise used in conjunction with wiring
				  systems recognized by this part.
(c)
Isolating switch.
A switch intended for
				  isolating an electric circuit from the source of power. It has no interrupting
				  rating, and it is intended to be operated only after the circuit has been
				  opened by some other means.
(d)
Motor-circuit switch.
A switch, rated in
				  horsepower, capable of interrupting the maximum operating overload current of a
				  motor of the same horsepower rating as the switch at the rated voltage.
Switching devices.
(Over 600 volts, nominal.)
				  Devices designed to close and/or open one or more electric circuits. Included
				  in this category are circuit breakers, cutouts, disconnecting (or isolating)
				  switches, disconnecting means, interrupter switches, and oil (filled)
				  cutouts.
Transportable X ray.
X-ray equipment installed
				  in a vehicle or that may readily be disassembled for transport in a
				  vehicle.
Utilization equipment.
Utilization equipment
				  means equipment which utilizes electric energy for mechanical, chemical,
				  heating, lighting, or similar useful purpose.
Utilization system.
A utilization system is a
				  system which provides electric power and light for employee workplaces, and
				  includes the premises wiring system and utilization equipment.
Ventilated.
Provided with a means to permit
				  circulation of air sufficient to remove an excess of heat, fumes, or
				  vapors.
Volatile flammable liquid.
A flammable liquid
				  having a flash point below 38°C (100°F) or whose temperature is above
				  its flash point.
Voltage (of a circuit).
The greatest
				  root-mean-square (effective) difference of potential between any two conductors
				  of the circuit concerned.
Voltage, nominal.
A nominal value assigned to a
				  circuit or system for the purpose of conveniently designating its voltage class
				  (as 120/240, 480Y/277, 600, etc.). The actual voltage at which a circuit
				  operates can vary from the nominal within a range that permits satisfactory
				  operation of equipment.
Voltage to ground.
For grounded circuits, the
				  voltage between the given conductor and that point or conductor of the circuit
				  that is grounded; for undergrounded circuits, the greatest voltage between the
				  given conductor and any other conductor of the circuit.
Watertight.
So constructed that moisture will
				  not enter the enclosure.
Weatherproof.
So constructed or protected that
				  exposure to the weather will not interfere with successful operation.
				  Rainproof, raintight, or watertight equipment can fulfill the requirements for
				  weatherproof where varying weather conditions other than wetness, such as snow,
				  ice, dust, or temperature extremes, are not a factor.
Wet location.
See "location."
Wireways.
Wireways are sheet-metal troughs with
				  hinged or removable covers for housing and protecting electric wires and cable
				  and in which conductors are laid in place after the wireway has been installed
				  as a complete system.
Statutory Authority:
					 RCW
					  49.17.010,
					 49.17.040,
					 49.17.050,
					 49.17.060, and chapter 49.17 RCW.
					 12-16-064, § 296-24-990, filed 7/31/12, effective
					 9/1/12.