Washington Administrative Code › Title 296 - Labor and Industries, Department of › Chapter 296-56 - Safety standards-Longshore, stevedore and waterfront related operations › Section 296-56-099 - Definitions

Current through Register Vol. 24-14, July 15, 2024
Approved.
The equipment has been approved for the
				specified use by a nationally recognized testing laboratory.
Approved power-operated industrial truck.
One
				listed or approved for the intended use by a nationally recognized testing
				laboratory.
Apron.
That open portion of a marine terminal
				immediately adjacent to a vessel berth and used in the direct transfer of cargo
				between the terminal and vessel.
Assistant director for DOSH.
The assistant
				director of DOSH services, department of labor and industries or their
				authorized representative.
Authorized.
In reference to an employee's
				assignment, means selected by the employer for that purpose.
Cage (basket guard).
A barrier enclosing or nearly
				enclosing a ladder's climbing space and fastened to one or both of the ladder's
				side rails or to another structure.
Cargo board.
The typical wing or lip-type
				stevedore board hoisted to or from vessels by means of a bar bridle. Other
				pallet boards include all other platforms used to hold cargo for the purpose of
				transporting it from place to place.
Cargo door (transit shed door).
A door designed to
				permit transfer of cargo to and from a marine terminal structure.
Cargo packaging.
Any method of containment for
				shipment, including cases, cartons, crates, and sacks, but excluding large
				units such as intermodal containers, vans, or similar devices.
Confined space.
A space that:
(a) Is large enough and so configured that an employee can
				bodily enter and perform assigned work; and
(b) Has limited or restricted means for entry or exit (for
				example, tanks, vessels, silos, storage bins, hoppers, vaults, and pits are
				spaces that may have limited means of entry); and
(c) Is not designed for continuous employee occupancy.
Conveyor.
A device designed exclusively for
				transporting bulk materials, packages or objects in a predetermined path and
				having fixed or selective points of loading or discharge.
Danger zone.
Any place in or about a machine or
				piece of equipment where an employee may be struck by or caught between moving
				parts, caught between moving and stationary objects or parts of the machine,
				caught between the material and a moving part of the machine, burned by hot
				surfaces or exposed to electric shock. Examples of danger zones are nip and
				shear points, shear lines, drive mechanisms, and areas beneath
				counterweights.
Designated person.
A person who possesses
				specialized abilities in a specific area and is assigned by the employer to
				perform a specific task in that area.
Dock.
A wharf or pier forming all or part of a
				waterfront facility, including marginal or quayside berthing facilities; not to
				be confused with "loading dock" as at a transit shed or container freight
				station, or with the body of water between piers or wharves.
Dock facilities.
Includes all piers, wharves,
				sheds, aprons, dolphins, cranes, or other gear or equipment owned or controlled
				by the dock or facility owner, where cargo or materials are loaded, moved or
				handled to or from a vessel.
Dockboards (car and bridge plates).
Devices for
				spanning short distances between rail cars or highway vehicles and loading
				platforms that do not expose employees to falls greater than 4 feet (1.22
				m).
DOSH.
Division of Occupational Safety and
				Health.
Elevator.
A permanent hoisting and lowering
				mechanism with a car or platform moving vertically in guides and serving two or
				more floors of a structure. The term excludes such devices as conveyors,
				tiering or piling machines, material hoists, skip or furnace hoists, wharf
				ramps, lift bridges, car lifts, and dumpers.
Enclosed space.
An indoor space, other than a
				confined space, that may contain or accumulate a hazardous atmosphere due to
				inadequate natural ventilation. Examples of enclosed spaces are trailers,
				railcars, and storage rooms.
Escalator.
A power-driven continuous moving
				stairway principally intended for the use of persons.
Examination.
As applied to material handling
				devices required to be certified by this chapter, means a comprehensive survey
				consisting of the criteria outlined in WAC
				296-56-60093 through
				296-56-60097. The examination is
				supplemented by a unit proof test in the case of annual survey.
Fixed ladder.
A ladder, including individual rung
				ladders, permanently attached to a structure, building, or piece of
				equipment.
Fixed stairway.
Interior or exterior stairs
				serving machinery, tanks, or equipment, and stairs to or from floors,
				platforms, or pits. The term does not apply to stairs intended only for fire
				exit purposes, to articulated stairs (the angle of which changes with the rise
				and fall of the base support) or to stairs forming an integral part of
				machinery.
Flammable atmosphere.
An atmosphere containing
				more than ten percent of the lower flammable limit (LFL) of a flammable or
				combustible vapor or dust mixed with air. Such atmospheres are usually toxic as
				well as flammable.
Front-end attachments.
(a) As applied to power-operated industrial trucks, means the
				various devices, such as roll clamps, rotating and sideshifting carriages,
				magnets, rams, crane arms or booms, load stabilizers, scoops, buckets, and
				dumping bins, attached to the load end for handling lifts as single or multiple
				units.
(b) As applied to cranes, means various attachments applied to
				the basic machine for the performance of functions such as lifting, clamshell,
				or magnet services.
Fumigant.
Is a substance or mixture of substances,
				used to kill pests or prevent infestation, which is a gas or is rapidly or
				progressively transformed to the gaseous state even though some nongaseous or
				particulate matter may remain and be dispersed in the treatment space.
Guarded.
Shielded, fenced, or enclosed by covers,
				casings, shields, troughs, spillways or railings, or guarded by position or
				location. Examples of guarding methods are guarding by location (positioning
				hazards so they are inaccessible to employees) and point of operation guarding
				(using barrier guards, two-hand tripping devices, electronic safety devices, or
				other such devices).
Hazardous cargo, material, substance or
				atmosphere.
(a) Any substance listed in chapters 296-62 and 296-841
				WAC;
(b) Any material in the hazardous materials table and hazardous
				materials communications regulations of the Department of Transportation, 49
				C.F.R. Part 172;
(c) Any article not properly described by a name in the
				hazardous materials table and hazardous materials communications regulations of
				the Department of Transportation, 49 C.F.R. Part 172, but which is properly
				classified under the definition of those categories of dangerous articles given
				in 49 C.F.R. Part 173;
(d) Atmospheres having concentrations of airborne chemicals in
				excess of permissible exposure limits as defined in chapter 296-62 WAC;
				or
(e) Any atmosphere with an oxygen content of less than nineteen
				and one-half percent by volume.
Hot work.
Riveting, welding, flame cutting or
				other fire or spark-producing operation.
House falls.
Spans and supporting members,
				winches, blocks, and standing and running rigging forming part of a marine
				terminal and used with a vessel's cargo gear to load or unload by means of
				married falls.
Inspection.
As applied to material handling
				devices required to be certified by this chapter, includes a complete visual
				examination of all visible parts of the device.
Intermodal container.
A reusable cargo container
				of rigid construction and rectangular configuration intended to contain one or
				more articles of cargo or bulk commodities for transportation by water and one
				or more other transport modes without intermediate cargo handling. The term
				includes completely enclosed units, open top units, fractional height units,
				units incorporating liquid or gas tanks and other variations fitting into the
				container system, demountable or with attached wheels. It does not include
				cylinders, drums, crates, cases, cartons, packages, sacks, unitized loads or
				any other form of packaging.
Ladder safety device.
A support system limiting an
				employee's drop or fall from the ladder, and which may incorporate friction
				brakes, lifelines and lanyards, or sliding attachments.
Loose gear.
Removable or replaceable components of
				equipment or devices which may be used with or as a part of assembled material
				handling units for purposes such as making connections, changing line direction
				and multiplying mechanical advantage. Examples include shackles and snatch
				blocks.
Marina.
A small harbor or boat basin providing
				dockage, supplies, and services for small craft.
Marine terminal.
Wharves, bulkheads, quays, piers,
				docks, and other berthing locations and adjacent storage or contiguous areas
				and structures associated with the primary movement of cargo or materials from
				vessel to shore or shore to vessel. It includes structures which are devoted to
				receiving, handling, holding, consolidation, loading or delivery of waterborne
				shipments and passengers, and areas devoted to the maintenance of the terminal
				or equipment. The term does not include production or manufacturing areas
				having their own docking facilities and located at a marine terminal nor
				storage facilities directly associated with those production or manufacturing
				areas.
Other pallet boards.
All other platforms used to
				hold cargo for the purpose of transporting it from place to place.
Permit-required confined space (permit space).
A
				confined space that has one or more of the following characteristics:
(a) Contains or has a potential to contain a hazardous
				atmosphere;
(b) Contains a material that has the potential for engulfing an
				entrant;
(c) Has an internal configuration such that an entrant could be
				trapped or asphyxiated by inwardly converging walls or by a floor which slopes
				downward and tapers to a smaller cross-section; or
(d) Contains any other recognized serious safety or health
				hazard.
Ramps.
Other flat-surface devices for passage
				between levels and across openings not covered under "dockboards."
Ship's stores.
Materials that are aboard a vessel
				for the upkeep, maintenance, safety, operation, or navigation of the vessel, or
				for the safety or comfort of the vessel's passengers or crew.
Spiral stairway.
One with closed circular form,
				uniform sector-shaped treads and a supporting column.
Spray booth.
An enclosure containing a flammable
				or combustible spraying operation and confining and limiting the escape of
				paint, vapor and residue by means of a powered exhaust system.
Spraying area.
Any area where flammable vapors,
				mists or combustible residues, dusts or deposits may be present due to paint
				spraying operations.
Well.
A permanent complete enclosure around a
				fixed ladder, which is attached to the walls of the well.