Virginia Administrative Code › Title 9 - ENVIRONMENT › Agency 5 - STATE AIR POLLUTION CONTROL BOARD › Chapter 40 - EXISTING STATIONARY SOURCES › Part II - Emission Standards › Article 56.1 - Emission Standards for Offset Lithographic Printing Operations in the Northern Virginia Volatile Organic Compound Emissions Control Area, 8-hour Ozone Standard (Rule 4-56.1) › Section 9VAC5-40-8422 - Definitions

Current through Register Vol. 40, No. 24, July 15, 2024
A. For the purpose
					 of applying this article in the context of the regulations for the control and
					 abatement of air pollution and related uses, the words or terms shall have the
					 meanings given them in subsection C of this section.
B. Unless otherwise required by context, all
					 terms not defined in this section shall have the meanings given them in
					 9VAC5-170 (Regulation for General Administration), 9VAC5-10 (General
					 Definitions), or commonly ascribed to them by recognized authorities, in that
					 order of priority.
C. Terms
					 defined.
"Alcohol" means any of the following compounds when used
						as a fountain solution additive: ethanol, n-propanol, and isopropanol.
"Alcohol substitute" means any nonalcohol additive that
						contains volatile organic compounds and is used in the fountain
						solution.
"Batch" means a supply of fountain solution or cleaning
						solution that is prepared and used without alteration until completely used or
						removed from the printing process.
"Cleaning materials" means any washes, cleaners,
						solvents, or rejuvenators that are used to remove (i) excess printing inks,
						oils, and residual paper from a press, press equipment, or press parts or (ii)
						dried ink from areas around a press. Cleaning materials include solvents and
						cleaners used for manual cleaning and cleaning solutions used by automatic
						cleaning systems such as blanket wash, plate cleaner, metering roller cleaner,
						impression cylinder washes, rubber rejuvenators, and roller wash. Cleaning
						materials do not include cleaners used for cleaning electronic components of a
						press, pre-press cleaning operations (e.g., platemaking), post-press cleaning
						operations (e.g., binding), cleaning supplies such as detergents used to clean
						the floor (other than to remove dried ink from areas around a press), and
						cleaning performed in parts washers and cold cleaners subject to Article 47
						(9VAC5-40-6820 et seq.) of Part II of 9VAC5-40 (Existing Stationary
						Sources).
"Composite partial vapor pressure" means the sum of the
						partial pressures of the compounds defined as volatile organic compounds.
						Composite partial vapor pressure is calculated as follows:
Click here to view
						image
where:
Wi
=
Weight of the "i"th VOC compound, in
								  grams.
Ww
=
Weight of water, in grams.
We
=
Weight of exempt compound, in grams.
MWi
=
Molecular weight of the "i"th VOC compound, in
								  grams/gram-mole.
MWw
=
Molecular weight of water, in
								  grams/gram-mole.
MWe
=
Molecular weight of exempt compound, in
								  grams/gram-mole.
PPc
=
VOC composite partial pressure at 20°C, in
								  millimeters of mercury (mm Hg).
VPi
=
Vapor pressure of the "i"th VOC compound at
								  20°C, in mm Hg.
"First installation date" means the date that a control
						device is first installed for the purpose of controlling emissions. The first
						installation date does not change if the control device is later moved to a new
						location or installed on a different press.
"Fountain solution" means any mixture of water, volatile
						and nonvolatile chemicals, and additives applied to a lithographic plate to
						repel ink from the nonimage area on the plate.
"Heatset" means a printing process in which heat from a
						dryer is used to evaporate ink oils from the substrate.
"Heatset web offset lithographic printing dryer" means
						the dryer or dryers installed as part of a heatset web offset lithographic
						printing process that dries inks or surface coatings.
"Lithographic printing" means a planographic printing
						process in which the image and nonimage areas are chemically differentiated
						with the image area being oil receptive and the nonimage area being water
						receptive. This process differs from other printing processes, where the image
						is a raised or recessed surface.
"Non-heatset" means a printing process in which the
						printing inks are set and dried by absorption or oxidation rather than heat.
						For the purposes of this article, UV-cured and electron beam-cured inks are
						considered non-heatset.
"Offset lithographic printing" means a printing process
						that transfers the ink film from the lithographic plate to an intermediary
						surface (blanket), which, in turn, transfers the ink film to the
						substrate.
"Offset lithographic printing operation" means one or
						more printing processes employing offset lithographic printing on printing
						presses and includes the related processes necessary to directly support the
						operation of those offset lithographic printing processes including, but not
						limited to, pre-press and post-press operations. Varnishes, glues, and other
						coatings that are applied by an offset lithographic printing process are part
						of offset lithographic printing operations and are not considered as a separate
						process (e.g., paper coating).
"Press" means a printing production assembly composed of
						one or more units to produce a printed substrate (sheet or web).
"Printing" means a photomechanical process in which a
						transfer of text, designs, and images occurs through contact of an image
						carrier with a substrate.
"Printing process" means any operation or system wherein
						printing ink or a combination of printing ink and surface coating is applied,
						dried, or cured and that is subject to the same emission standard. A printing
						process may include any equipment that applies, conveys, dries, or cures inks
						or surface coatings, including, but not limited to, flow coaters, flashoff
						areas, presses, digital output devices, fountain solutions, heaters, dryers,
						drying areas, and ovens.
"Sheet-fed" means a printing process in which individual
						sheets of substrate are fed into the press sequentially.
"Theoretical potential to emit" means for the purposes
						of this article the maximum capacity of a heatset web offset lithographic
						printing process to emit VOC and shall be based on emissions at design capacity
						or maximum production and maximum operating hours (8,760 hours/year) before
						add-on controls, unless the heatset web offset lithographic printing process is
						subject to state and federally enforceable permit conditions that limit
						production rates or hours of operation.
"12-month rolling period" means a period that is
						determined monthly and consists of the previous 12 consecutive calendar
						months.
"Unit" means the smallest complete printing component,
						composed of an inking system, of a printing press.
"VOC" means volatile organic compound.
"Web" means a continuous roll of printing
						substrate.
Statutory Authority: § 10.1-1308 of the Code of
						  Virginia; §§ 110, 111, 123, 129, 171, 172, and 182 of the federal
						  Clean Air Act (40 CFR Parts 51 and 60).