reglab/statecodes huggingface dataset:
Virginia Administrative Code › Title 18 - PROFESSIONAL AND OCCUPATIONAL LICENSING › Agency 35 - BOARD OF BAR EXAMINERS › Chapter 10 - RULES OF THE VIRGINIA BOARD OF BAR EXAMINERS › Part V - Reexaminations › Section 18VAC35-10-180 - Requirements for reexamination

Current through Register Vol. 40, No. 24, July 15, 2024
Any applicant failing to pass an examination may, after
					 such failure, be reexamined not exceeding four additional times, provided that
					 no examination may be taken more than five times except upon conditions recited
					 in § 54.1-3930 of the Code of Virginia. Upon seeking reexamination, the
					 applicant shall:
1. File the
				  Application for Reexamination, with all required attachments enclosed, in the
				  place and by the deadlines described herein;
2. Pay the current application fee at the
				  time of filing the application;
3.
				  File a supplement to his character and fitness questionnaire, updating the
				  information therein. The board may require a new character and fitness
				  investigation if more that two years has elapsed since the applicant's
				  graduation from law school or from the date of the completion of the original
				  character and fitness investigation; and
4. Procure and file current certificates of
				  good standing from the court of last resort of all jurisdictions to which the
				  applicant has been admitted.
Statutory Authority
§ 54.1-3922 of the Code of Virginia.
Virginia Administrative Code › Title 18 - PROFESSIONAL AND OCCUPATIONAL LICENSING › Agency 35 - BOARD OF BAR EXAMINERS › Chapter 10 - RULES OF THE VIRGINIA BOARD OF BAR EXAMINERS › Part VI - Filing an Application But Not Taking the Examination › Section 18VAC35-10-190 - Procedure for taking examination

Current through Register Vol. 40, No. 24, July 15, 2024
An applicant who properly files for an examination with the
					 Office of the Secretary but fails to take the examination shall forfeit the
					 application fee for that examination unless:
1. By written notice to the Office of the
				  Secretary such applicant requests that the application for examination on file
				  be carried forward to an examination within one year of the date of the
				  examination for which the original application was made.
a. Such notice shall be received by the
				  Office of the Secretary of the board within 30 days of the date of the
				  examination which the applicant missed;
b. The applicant shall thereafter timely file
				  with the Office of the Secretary of the board such documents as are necessary
				  to update the application for the subsequent examination, including:
(i) a statement of intention to sit for such
				  examination;
(ii) a supplement to
				  the applicant's character and fitness questionnaire;
(iii) a notarized statement regarding any
				  criminal offenses of which the applicant may have been convicted since the
				  filing of the original application, or a statement that there have been none;
				  and
(iv) current certificates of
				  good standing from the court of last resort of any jurisdiction to which the
				  applicant has been admitted; and
c. In case the application fee for the
				  examination has been increased since the examination for which the applicant
				  did not appear, he shall pay the amount of the difference.
Virginia Administrative Code › Title 18 - PROFESSIONAL AND OCCUPATIONAL LICENSING › Agency 35 - BOARD OF BAR EXAMINERS › Chapter 10 - RULES OF THE VIRGINIA BOARD OF BAR EXAMINERS › Part VII - Additional Information › Section 18VAC35-10-200 - Applicant requirements

Current through Register Vol. 40, No. 24, July 15, 2024
A. Any
				  person who has been admitted to practice before the court of last resort of any
				  state or territory of the United States or of the District of Columbia may file
				  an application to be admitted to practice law in this Commonwealth without
				  examination, if counsel licensed to practice in Virginia may be admitted to
				  practice in such jurisdiction without examination. Inquiries concerning the
				  filing of such may be directed to Clerk, The Supreme Court of Virginia, Supreme
				  Court Building, 100 North 9th Street, Richmond, Virginia 23219.
B. Every applicant will be required to sign
				  the following pledge before taking the examination:
"I hereby certify that I will neither receive nor give aid
					 or assistance in any manner during this examination. If any violation of this
					 pledge by others comes to my knowledge, I will report it promptly to the
					 examiners."
Should any applicant violate this pledge, his paper will
					 not be read on that examination, nor will he be admitted to any future
					 examinations; but the board may thereafter remove by unanimous vote such
					 prohibition upon a showing of changed circumstances which, in its opinion,
					 clearly justify such action.
C. Applicants must write the answers to the
				  essay portion of the examination with ink (dark blue or black) or with
				  typewriter, and must write the answers to the multistate portion of the
				  examination with pencil. They may bring nothing else into the examination
				  rooms. The board will furnish each applicant with material in which the answers
				  to the questions shall be written.
D. The manner of dress for the examination
				  shall conform to the standard of suitable attire for a lawyer appearing in a
				  court of record; i.e., a suit or jacket with tie for males, or a suitable dress
				  or suit for females.
E. The Office
				  of the Secretary is located in the Mutual Building, 909 East Main Street,
				  Richmond, Virginia 23219-3013. Telephone: (804) 786-7490.
Statutory Authority
§ 54.1-3922 of the Code of Virginia.
Virginia Administrative Code › Title 18 - PROFESSIONAL AND OCCUPATIONAL LICENSING › Agency 35 - BOARD OF BAR EXAMINERS › Chapter 10 - RULES OF THE VIRGINIA BOARD OF BAR EXAMINERS › Form - FORMS (18VAC35-10)

Current through Register Vol. 40, No. 24, July 15, 2024
Application for Examination and License to Practice Law (eff.
				  9/1/94).
Rules of the Virginia Board of Bar Examiners (eff.
				  4/94).
Applicant's Character and Fitness Questionnaire (eff.
				  2/11/94).
Schedule of Fees (eff. 10/15/94).
Supplement to Character and Fitness Questionnaire (eff.
				  3/8/94).
Fingerprint Form.
Petition for Non-Standard Testing Conditions.
Application for Re-Examination (eff. 10/1/93).
Update of Previously Filed Application (eff. 3/94).
Application for Law Reader Program.
Memorandum on the Concept of Reading Law Under an Attorney's
				  Supervision.
Law Reader Program Rules (eff. 3/1/93).
Virginia Administrative Code › Title 18 - PROFESSIONAL AND OCCUPATIONAL LICENSING › Agency 35 - BOARD OF BAR EXAMINERS › Chapter 20 - LAW READER PROGRAM RULE › Part I - General › Section 18VAC35-20-10 - Definitions

Current through Register Vol. 40, No. 24, July 15, 2024
The following words and terms, when used in this chapter,
					 shall have the following meanings, unless the context clearly indicates
					 otherwise:
"Board of Bar Examiners" or "board" means the Virginia
					 Board of Bar Examiners, whose members are appointed by the Supreme Court of
					 Virginia.
"Full-time practice of law" means at the discretion of the
					 board, service as a law clerk for a trial or appellate judge or employment as
					 an instructor or professor at an ABA approved law school.
"Program" means the law reader program authorized by §
					 54.1-3926 of the Code of Virginia and implemented in this chapter.
"Reader" means a person, whose application for enrollment
					 in the law reader program has been accepted by the board.
"Six-year rule" means the maximum amount of time any reader
					 shall be permitted to stay in the program without successfully completing the
					 course of study, and is measured from the first day of the month in which the
					 reader is authorized to begin the program. For good cause shown, the board may,
					 in its discretion, extend the time a reader is permitted to stay in the
					 program.
Statutory Authority
§ 54.1-3922 of the Code of Virginia.
Virginia Administrative Code › Title 18 - PROFESSIONAL AND OCCUPATIONAL LICENSING › Agency 35 - BOARD OF BAR EXAMINERS › Chapter 20 - LAW READER PROGRAM RULE › Part I - General › Section 18VAC35-20-20 - Purpose of regulation

Current through Register Vol. 40, No. 24, July 15, 2024
A. The
				  law reader program authorized by subdivision 2 of § 54.1-3926 of the Code
				  of Virginia and implemented in this chapter is administered by the Board of Bar
				  Examiners, which is an agency of the Supreme Court of Virginia.
B. The law reader program is intended to
				  provide an alternative legal education for people who, although otherwise
				  qualified for admission to law school, are by reason of various circumstances
				  unable to take or complete a law school course of study. The program is not
				  intended for persons who are unable, by reason of academic, aptitude, or other
				  deficiencies, to obtain admission to an approved law school. The program is
				  designed to supply in combination a theoretical, scholastic and clinical
				  experience.
Statutory Authority
§§ 54.1-3922 and 54.1-3926 of the Code of
						Virginia.
Virginia Administrative Code › Title 18 - PROFESSIONAL AND OCCUPATIONAL LICENSING › Agency 35 - BOARD OF BAR EXAMINERS › Chapter 20 - LAW READER PROGRAM RULE › Part I - General › Section 18VAC35-20-30 - Special considerations

Current through Register Vol. 40, No. 24, July 15, 2024
A. The
				  law reader program is not an exact equivalent of law school. It cannot provide
				  all the benefits traditionally associated with a law school environment and
				  education.
B. These regulations are
				  premised on concepts of good faith and integrity. The board cannot administer
				  and supervise the readership on the daily basis expected in a traditional law
				  school environment. The board expects the supervising attorney and the reader
				  to adhere to the letter and the spirit of the program.
C. The board will not help an applicant for
				  the law reader program find a supervising attorney and will not evaluate in
				  advance the qualifications of a potential supervising attorney.
D. The reader may not be employed by and may
				  not receive any remuneration or perquisites from the supervising attorney, any
				  firm of which the supervising attorney may be a member or associate, or anyone
				  with whom the supervising attorney may share office facilities. The supervising
				  attorney is not precluded from charging reasonable monetary compensation in
				  return for instructing the reader; but the law reader program is not to be used
				  as a means for a supervising attorney to obtain inexpensive labor.
Statutory Authority
§ 54.1-3922 of the Code of Virginia.
Virginia Administrative Code › Title 18 - PROFESSIONAL AND OCCUPATIONAL LICENSING › Agency 35 - BOARD OF BAR EXAMINERS › Chapter 20 - LAW READER PROGRAM RULE › Part II - Board of Bar Examiners › Section 18VAC35-20-40 - Responsibilities

Current through Register Vol. 40, No. 24, July 15, 2024
The board will make decisions regarding:
1. Acceptance or rejection of an application
				  for enrollment in the program;
2.
				  Acceptance or rejection of a lawyer to act as a supervising attorney;
3. A petition for advance standing;
4. A direction to the reader to change
				  supervising attorneys;
5.
				  Termination of a reader's enrollment in the program;
6. A petition for readmission;
7. Changes in course contents, course
				  descriptions, or program completion requirements;
8. Any exceptions to the running of the
				  six-year rule; and
9. Any other
				  matter related to the program or referred to the board by the Supreme Court of
				  Virginia.
Statutory Authority
§ 54.1-3922 of the Code of Virginia.
Virginia Administrative Code › Title 18 - PROFESSIONAL AND OCCUPATIONAL LICENSING › Agency 35 - BOARD OF BAR EXAMINERS › Chapter 20 - LAW READER PROGRAM RULE › Part II - Board of Bar Examiners › Section 18VAC35-20-50 - Filing

Current through Register Vol. 40, No. 24, July 15, 2024
All petitions or requests shall be in writing and shall be
					 directed to the board at the office of the Secretary of the Board of Bar
					 Examiners. No application, petition, request, or other document is deemed filed
					 until actually received, complete with all attachments, in the Office of the
					 Secretary of the Board.
Statutory Authority
§ 54.1-3922 of the Code of Virginia.
Virginia Administrative Code › Title 18 - PROFESSIONAL AND OCCUPATIONAL LICENSING › Agency 35 - BOARD OF BAR EXAMINERS › Chapter 20 - LAW READER PROGRAM RULE › Part III - Application Procedures › Section 18VAC35-20-60 - Applicants

Current through Register Vol. 40, No. 24, July 15, 2024
Every applicant for enrollment in the program shall:
1. Complete the appropriate forms and file
				  them with the board on or before the filing deadlines, which shall be October 1
				  for applicants desiring to begin study on the following January 1, and April 1
				  for applicants desiring to begin study on July 1;
2. Submit a transcript, certified by the
				  institution, which shows all undergraduate and graduate course work, and the
				  grades received, the date a bachelor's degree was awarded, and the subject in
				  which it was granted;
3. Provide
				  such evidence as the board may require to prove that the applicant is a person
				  of honest demeanor and good moral character and possesses the requisite fitness
				  to practice law;
4. At the request
				  of the board, provide the applicant's official scoring record on the Law School
				  Admission Test (LSAT) taken within one year of the application for enrollment,
				  showing a score acceptable for admission to an approved law school in
				  Virginia;
5. Designate the month
				  (either January or July) in which the applicant plans to begin the program if
				  the application is approved;
6.
				  Attach the required supervising attorney's statement;
7. Pay a nonrefundable fee of $500;
				  and
8. Appear for an interview,
				  provide any additional information or proof, or cooperate in any investigation,
				  as may be directed by the board.
Statutory Authority
§ 54.1-3922 of the Code of Virginia.
Virginia Administrative Code › Title 18 - PROFESSIONAL AND OCCUPATIONAL LICENSING › Agency 35 - BOARD OF BAR EXAMINERS › Chapter 20 - LAW READER PROGRAM RULE › Part III - Application Procedures › Section 18VAC35-20-70 - Notification

Current through Register Vol. 40, No. 24, July 15, 2024
The board will notify an applicant of acceptance or
					 rejection of the application for enrollment. If accepted, then notification
					 will specify the month the reader is authorized to begin the program. All
					 programs shall begin on either the first day of January or the first day of
					 July, as specified in the notice.
Statutory Authority
§ 54.1-3922 of the Code of Virginia.
Virginia Administrative Code › Title 18 - PROFESSIONAL AND OCCUPATIONAL LICENSING › Agency 35 - BOARD OF BAR EXAMINERS › Chapter 20 - LAW READER PROGRAM RULE › Part IV - Advanced Standing › Section 18VAC35-20-80 - Eligibility

Current through Register Vol. 40, No. 24, July 15, 2024
An applicant may request credit toward completion of the
					 program for subjects previously studied at the approved law
					 school.
Statutory Authority
§§ 54.1-3922 and 54.1-3926 of the Code of
						Virginia.
Virginia Administrative Code › Title 18 - PROFESSIONAL AND OCCUPATIONAL LICENSING › Agency 35 - BOARD OF BAR EXAMINERS › Chapter 20 - LAW READER PROGRAM RULE › Part IV - Advanced Standing › Section 18VAC35-20-90 - Prescribed courses

Current through Register Vol. 40, No. 24, July 15, 2024
All readers are required to pass the prescribed courses
					 established in Part VI. This requirement may not be waived. Readers seeking
					 advanced standing must establish to the satisfaction of the board that the
					 courses for which they seek credit are equivalent to prescribed courses in Part
					 VI.
Statutory Authority
§§ 54.1-3922 and 54.1-3926 of the Code of
						Virginia.
Virginia Administrative Code › Title 18 - PROFESSIONAL AND OCCUPATIONAL LICENSING › Agency 35 - BOARD OF BAR EXAMINERS › Chapter 20 - LAW READER PROGRAM RULE › Part IV - Advanced Standing › Section 18VAC35-20-100 - Special application procedures

Current through Register Vol. 40, No. 24, July 15, 2024
An applicant may petition the board for advanced
					 standing.
A. The petition shall
				  explain, under these headings:
1. The law
				  school subjects for which credit is sought;
2. Which of those law school subjects are
				  claimed to satisfy prescribed course requirements;
3. Which of those law school subjects appear
				  to be equivalent to the approved electives in
				  18VAC35-20-230 of this chapter;
				  and
4. A description of those law
				  school subjects which the reader proposes to use to satisfy the fourth-year
				  curriculum in
				  18VAC35-20-230 of this
				  chapter.
Virginia Administrative Code › Title 18 - PROFESSIONAL AND OCCUPATIONAL LICENSING › Agency 35 - BOARD OF BAR EXAMINERS › Chapter 20 - LAW READER PROGRAM RULE › Part IV - Advanced Standing › Section 18VAC35-20-110 - Determination

Current through Register Vol. 40, No. 24, July 15, 2024
A. In granting
				  advanced standing, the board will specify:
1.
				  Any prescribed courses the applicant has completed;
2. Any prescribed courses the applicant will
				  be required to pass; and
3. Any law
				  school courses the applicant will be allowed to use to satisfy the fourth-year
				  curriculum.
Virginia Administrative Code › Title 18 - PROFESSIONAL AND OCCUPATIONAL LICENSING › Agency 35 - BOARD OF BAR EXAMINERS › Chapter 20 - LAW READER PROGRAM RULE › Part V - Supervising Attorneys › Section 18VAC35-20-120 - Responsibility

Current through Register Vol. 40, No. 24, July 15, 2024
A. The supervising
				  attorney is responsible for supervising and guiding the reader's education and
				  for setting an example of the highest ethical and professional conduct. The
				  supervising attorney has an obligation not only to instruct the reader, but to
				  ensure that only fully competent readers sit for the bar examination.
B. In addition to any other requirements, a
				  potential supervising attorney shall appear for an interview, provide any
				  additional information or proof, or cooperate in any investigation, as may be
				  directed by the board.
Statutory Authority
§§ 54.1-3922 and 54.1-3926 of the Code of
						Virginia.
Virginia Administrative Code › Title 18 - PROFESSIONAL AND OCCUPATIONAL LICENSING › Agency 35 - BOARD OF BAR EXAMINERS › Chapter 20 - LAW READER PROGRAM RULE › Part V - Supervising Attorneys › Section 18VAC35-20-130 - Qualifications

Current through Register Vol. 40, No. 24, July 15, 2024
The potential supervising attorney must meet the
					 qualifications established by the board. For the purposes of the rules and this
					 chapter, the supervising attorney is required to remain an active member in
					 good standing of the Virginia State Bar throughout the period of the
					 supervision.
Statutory Authority
§§ 54.1-3922 and 54.1-3926 of the Code of
						Virginia.
Virginia Administrative Code › Title 18 - PROFESSIONAL AND OCCUPATIONAL LICENSING › Agency 35 - BOARD OF BAR EXAMINERS › Chapter 20 - LAW READER PROGRAM RULE › Part V - Supervising Attorneys › Section 18VAC35-20-140 - Duties

Current through Register Vol. 40, No. 24, July 15, 2024
In addition to the "personal supervision" required, the
					 supervising attorney's responsibilities shall include:
1. Choosing textbooks, casebooks, and
				  resource materials for each course;
2. Guiding and assisting the reader's study
				  of each subject, using the course descriptions as a basic outline of course
				  content and emphasizing pertinent state law. Throughout the curriculum the
				  supervising attorney shall emphasize legal ethics and professional
				  responsibility issues which arise during the course of study of all
				  subjects;
3. Assisting the reader
				  in planning the sequence and timing of each prescribed course and of the
				  fourth-year curriculum;
4.
				  Evaluating the reader's progress;
5. Developing, administering, and grading the
				  examinations;
6. Submitting the
				  graded examinations and the required quarterly certificates to the board in the
				  manner and within the time prescribed in this chapter;
7. Submitting the course grade to the board
				  within 15 working days of the end of the quarter in which the course was
				  completed;
8. Appearing before the
				  board or its designees during the oral evaluation or at such other times as the
				  board may direct; and
9. Providing
				  the reader with an adequate work station and with reasonable access to an
				  adequate law library.
Statutory Authority
§§ 54.1-3922 and 54.1-3926 of the Code of
						Virginia.
Virginia Administrative Code › Title 18 - PROFESSIONAL AND OCCUPATIONAL LICENSING › Agency 35 - BOARD OF BAR EXAMINERS › Chapter 20 - LAW READER PROGRAM RULE › Part V - Supervising Attorneys › Section 18VAC35-20-150 - Examinations

Current through Register Vol. 40, No. 24, July 15, 2024
The supervising attorney is responsible for the content and
					 administration of all examinations:
1.
				  Although no substantive content is prescribed by the board, it is anticipated
				  such an examination will test the reader's comprehension of the current subject
				  matter, and the reader's understanding of the ethical, professional and
				  practical aspects of practicing law;
2. The course descriptions in Part IX state
				  the minimum level of knowledge the board expects a reader to obtain in each
				  subject, and provide guidance to the supervising attorney in formulating
				  examinations; and
3. The
				  supervising attorney shall administer to the reader an examination covering the
				  subject or subjects immediately following the completion of study of such
				  subjects.
Statutory Authority
§§ 54.1-3922 and 54.1-3926 of the Code of
						Virginia.
Virginia Administrative Code › Title 18 - PROFESSIONAL AND OCCUPATIONAL LICENSING › Agency 35 - BOARD OF BAR EXAMINERS › Chapter 20 - LAW READER PROGRAM RULE › Part VI - Course of Study › Section 18VAC35-20-160 - Structure

Current through Register Vol. 40, No. 24, July 15, 2024
A. The program is a
				  four calendar year course of study. A reader completes the program by passing
				  all the prescribed courses and six elective courses in that period of
				  time.
B. Each calendar year
				  consists of 48 weeks during which the reader is required to study six subjects.
				  A reader may not take more course work in any calendar year than is prescribed
				  by this chapter, without prior board approval.
C. The program is structured so the reader
				  may elect to study only one subject at a time and pass it before beginning the
				  next subject, or may elect to study two or more courses during the same period.
				  The minimum number of hours to be devoted to each subject is prescribed by
				  regulation.
D. All courses in the
				  program are to be graded as pass or fail only. "Pass" means that the reader has
				  exhibited reasonable comprehension of the theory and practice of any given
				  subject to the satisfaction of the supervising attorney and the
				  board.
E. The supervising attorney
				  shall use textbooks, casebooks, and other written, legal materials, selected
				  from those in use at any of the ABA approved law schools in Virginia, to guide
				  the reader through the subject matter of each course. The supervising attorney
				  may use other appropriate materials with the prior approval of the
				  board.
Statutory Authority
§§ 54.1-3922 and 54.1-3926 of the Code of
						Virginia.
Virginia Administrative Code › Title 18 - PROFESSIONAL AND OCCUPATIONAL LICENSING › Agency 35 - BOARD OF BAR EXAMINERS › Chapter 20 - LAW READER PROGRAM RULE › Part VI - Course of Study › Section 18VAC35-20-170 - Jurisprudence

Current through Register Vol. 40, No. 24, July 15, 2024
Every reader is required to take the jurisprudence course,
					 which is a four-year reading program intended to familiarize the reader with
					 legal history, philosophy, theory and biography.
Statutory Authority
§§ 54.1-3922 and 54.1-3926 of the Code of
						Virginia.
Virginia Administrative Code › Title 18 - PROFESSIONAL AND OCCUPATIONAL LICENSING › Agency 35 - BOARD OF BAR EXAMINERS › Chapter 20 - LAW READER PROGRAM RULE › Part VI - Course of Study › Section 18VAC35-20-180 - Professional responsibility and legal ethics

Current through Register Vol. 40, No. 24, July 15, 2024
Although professional responsibility is designated as a
					 specific course to be completed during a reader's third year of study, it is
					 expected that the supervising attorney will identify, emphasize and examine the
					 reader on the ethical issues which arise during the study of every prescribed
					 course and elective.
Statutory Authority
§§ 54.1-3922 and 54.1-3926 of the Code of
						Virginia.
Virginia Administrative Code › Title 18 - PROFESSIONAL AND OCCUPATIONAL LICENSING › Agency 35 - BOARD OF BAR EXAMINERS › Chapter 20 - LAW READER PROGRAM RULE › Part VI - Course of Study › Section 18VAC35-20-190 - First year

Current through Register Vol. 40, No. 24, July 15, 2024
To complete the first year of the program, the reader shall
					 pass the following prescribed courses. The course entitled "Basic Legal Skills"
					 shall be studied and passed first. Thereafter, the courses may be studied in
					 any order.
Course
Hours
Basic Legal Skills
200
Civil Procedure I
200
Torts
200
Contracts
200
Criminal Law and Procedure
200
Property, Real and Personal
200
1,200
Statutory Authority
§§ 54.1-3922 and 54.1-3926 of the Code of
						Virginia.
Virginia Administrative Code › Title 18 - PROFESSIONAL AND OCCUPATIONAL LICENSING › Agency 35 - BOARD OF BAR EXAMINERS › Chapter 20 - LAW READER PROGRAM RULE › Part VI - Course of Study › Section 18VAC35-20-200 - Second year

Current through Register Vol. 40, No. 24, July 15, 2024
To complete the second year of the program, the reader
					 shall pass the following prescribed courses, in any order:
Course
Hours
Conflict of Laws
100
Constitutional Law
200
Corporations and Limited Liability Companies
200
Evidence
300
Agency and Partnership
100
Uniform Commercial Code
300
1,200
Statutory Authority
§§ 54.1-3922 and 54.1-3926 of the Code of
						Virginia.
Virginia Administrative Code › Title 18 - PROFESSIONAL AND OCCUPATIONAL LICENSING › Agency 35 - BOARD OF BAR EXAMINERS › Chapter 20 - LAW READER PROGRAM RULE › Part VI - Course of Study › Section 18VAC35-20-210 - Third year

Current through Register Vol. 40, No. 24, July 15, 2024
To complete the third year of the program, the reader shall
					 pass the following prescribed courses, in any order:
Course
Hours
Equity (Remedies) and Procedure
200
Professional Responsibility
200
Domestic Relations
200
Wills, Estates, Trusts Probate
300
Virginia Civil Procedure
200
Personal Federal Income Tax
100
1,200
Statutory Authority
§§ 54.1-3922 and 54.1-3926 of the Code of
						Virginia.
Virginia Administrative Code › Title 18 - PROFESSIONAL AND OCCUPATIONAL LICENSING › Agency 35 - BOARD OF BAR EXAMINERS › Chapter 20 - LAW READER PROGRAM RULE › Part VI - Course of Study › Section 18VAC35-20-220 - Fourth year

Current through Register Vol. 40, No. 24, July 15, 2024
The fourth year of the program is devoted to elective
					 subjects. The reader, in consultation with the supervising attorney, shall
					 develop a fourth year curriculum tailored to the reader's specific areas of
					 interest. The reader shall then petition the board, at least six months prior
					 to the commencement of the fourth year, for approval of the proposed fourth
					 year course of study:
1. The petition
				  shall be in writing and shall include a detailed course description for each
				  subject intended to be studied, a suggested length of time for each subject,
				  and an explanation of the reader's general goals for the fourth year;
2. The petition may omit course descriptions
				  if the reader selects electives already designated on the "Recommended
				  Electives" list; and
3. Under no
				  circumstances will approval or recognition be given to courses directed to
				  fulfillment of a continuing legal or other professional education requirement,
				  or intended to provide preparation for a bar examination, or taught through
				  correspondence or any equivalent. No credit shall be given at any time during
				  the course of study for time spent studying bar review materials.
Statutory Authority
§§ 54.1-3922 and 54.1-3926 of the Code of
						Virginia.
Virginia Administrative Code › Title 18 - PROFESSIONAL AND OCCUPATIONAL LICENSING › Agency 35 - BOARD OF BAR EXAMINERS › Chapter 20 - LAW READER PROGRAM RULE › Part VI - Course of Study › Section 18VAC35-20-230 - Recommended approved electives

Current through Register Vol. 40, No. 24, July 15, 2024
The following electives have already been approved, have a
					 course description and have been allocated a required number of study hours.
					 They are recommended because they will broaden the reader's legal background,
					 perspective, and skills:
Course
Hours
Administrative Law and Legislation
100
Admiralty
100
Antitrust
200
Consumer Protection
100
Creditors' Rights and Bankruptcy
200
Environmental Law
200
Insurance
200
Intellectual Property
100
International Law
200
Labor Law
200
Land Use
200
Legal Accounting
100
Local Government Law
100
Modern Land Finance
200
Securities Regulation
200
Taxation of Estates and Gifts
100
Trial Practice
100
Statutory Authority
§§ 54.1-3922 and 54.1-3926 of the Code of
						Virginia.
Virginia Administrative Code › Title 18 - PROFESSIONAL AND OCCUPATIONAL LICENSING › Agency 35 - BOARD OF BAR EXAMINERS › Chapter 20 - LAW READER PROGRAM RULE › Part VII - Board Evaluations › Section 18VAC35-20-240 - Frequency

Current through Register Vol. 40, No. 24, July 15, 2024
At least annually, the board through one or more of its
					 members or designees, may conduct an oral evaluation at which the reader and
					 the supervising attorney shall be present. The board may at any other time, in
					 its discretion, conduct an oral evaluation at which the reader and the
					 supervising attorney shall be present. The board may, in its discretion,
					 require the supervising attorney and the law reader to submit a written report
					 in addition to or in lieu of any oral examination.
Statutory Authority
§§ 54.1-3922 and 54.1-3926 of the Code of
						Virginia.
Virginia Administrative Code › Title 18 - PROFESSIONAL AND OCCUPATIONAL LICENSING › Agency 35 - BOARD OF BAR EXAMINERS › Chapter 20 - LAW READER PROGRAM RULE › Part VII - Board Evaluations › Section 18VAC35-20-250 - Determination of progress

Current through Register Vol. 40, No. 24, July 15, 2024
The board will not normally test the reader's substantive
					 knowledge, but will ascertain whether or not the reader appears to be
					 progressing satisfactorily in the program.
Statutory Authority
§§ 54.1-3922 and 54.1-3926 of the Code of
						Virginia.
Virginia Administrative Code › Title 18 - PROFESSIONAL AND OCCUPATIONAL LICENSING › Agency 35 - BOARD OF BAR EXAMINERS › Chapter 20 - LAW READER PROGRAM RULE › Part VII - Board Evaluations › Section 18VAC35-20-260 - Materials

Current through Register Vol. 40, No. 24, July 15, 2024
In making its evaluation, the board may consider:
1. The substantive contents of all
				  examinations;
2. The supervising
				  attorney's quarterly certificates;
3. Any written course work; and
4. Any other written or oral materials deemed
				  to be pertinent by the board.
Statutory Authority
§§ 54.1-3922 and 54.1-3926 of the Code of
						Virginia.
Virginia Administrative Code › Title 18 - PROFESSIONAL AND OCCUPATIONAL LICENSING › Agency 35 - BOARD OF BAR EXAMINERS › Chapter 20 - LAW READER PROGRAM RULE › Part VII - Board Evaluations › Section 18VAC35-20-270 - Decision

Current through Register Vol. 40, No. 24, July 15, 2024
At the conclusion of an evaluation, the board may:
1. Determine whether the reader appears to
				  have successfully archived an understanding of the preceding year's work and is
				  eligible and authorized to begin the next year of the program;
2. Determine the reader has satisfactorily
				  completed the program and is qualified to sit for the bar examination, subject
				  to any requirements for sitting for the bar examination as set forth in the
				  Rules of the Virginia Board of Bar Examiners;
3. Direct the reader to repeat designated
				  prescribed or elective courses, devote more time to each course, take remedial
				  legal or nonlegal instruction, appear before the board at more frequent
				  intervals for an examination which may be written or oral;
4. Require the reader to change supervising
				  attorneys; or
5. Advise the reader
				  that the reader's enrollment in the program is terminated.
Statutory Authority
§§ 54.1-3922 and 54.1-3926 of the Code of
						Virginia.
Virginia Administrative Code › Title 18 - PROFESSIONAL AND OCCUPATIONAL LICENSING › Agency 35 - BOARD OF BAR EXAMINERS › Chapter 20 - LAW READER PROGRAM RULE › Part VII - Board Evaluations › Section 18VAC35-20-280 - Other evaluations

Current through Register Vol. 40, No. 24, July 15, 2024
Either the supervising attorney or the reader may petition
					 the board for an evaluation or consultation at times other than those specified
					 by the board.
Statutory Authority
§§ 54.1-3922 and 54.1-3926 of the Code of
						Virginia.
Virginia Administrative Code › Title 18 - PROFESSIONAL AND OCCUPATIONAL LICENSING › Agency 35 - BOARD OF BAR EXAMINERS › Chapter 20 - LAW READER PROGRAM RULE › Part VII - Board Evaluations › Section 18VAC35-20-290 - Notice

Current through Register Vol. 40, No. 24, July 15, 2024
At the conclusion of any evaluation, the board will provide
					 a brief, written summary of its decision to the reader and to the supervising
					 attorney.
Statutory Authority
§§ 54.1-3922 and 54.1-3926 of the Code of
						Virginia.
Virginia Administrative Code › Title 18 - PROFESSIONAL AND OCCUPATIONAL LICENSING › Agency 35 - BOARD OF BAR EXAMINERS › Chapter 20 - LAW READER PROGRAM RULE › Part VIII - Withdrawal › Section 18VAC35-20-300 - Voluntary withdrawal by reader

Current through Register Vol. 40, No. 24, July 15, 2024
A reader who wishes to withdraw from the program shall
					 notify the board in writing. The supervising attorney shall give the board a
					 written report summarizing the supervising attorney's evaluation of the
					 reader's progress and standing in the program.
Statutory Authority
§§ 54.1-3922 and 54.1-3926 of the Code of
						Virginia.
Virginia Administrative Code › Title 18 - PROFESSIONAL AND OCCUPATIONAL LICENSING › Agency 35 - BOARD OF BAR EXAMINERS › Chapter 20 - LAW READER PROGRAM RULE › Part VIII - Withdrawal › Section 18VAC35-20-310 - Involuntary withdrawal by reader

Current through Register Vol. 40, No. 24, July 15, 2024
A reader will be deemed to have withdrawn from the program
					 and will be required to petition for readmission if:
1. Any examination or quarterly supervising
				  attorney's certificate is not received by the board within the time specified
				  by regulation; or
2. The reader is
				  absent from the program for more than four weeks in a calendar year without the
				  board's prior approval of a petition for a leave of absence.
Statutory Authority
§§ 54.1-3922 and 54.1-3926 of the Code of
						Virginia.
Virginia Administrative Code › Title 18 - PROFESSIONAL AND OCCUPATIONAL LICENSING › Agency 35 - BOARD OF BAR EXAMINERS › Chapter 20 - LAW READER PROGRAM RULE › Part VIII - Withdrawal › Section 18VAC35-20-320 - Voluntary withdrawal by supervising attorney

Current through Register Vol. 40, No. 24, July 15, 2024
A supervising attorney who wishes to withdraw from that
					 position shall notify the board and the reader in writing at least two months
					 prior to the expected date of such withdrawal, unless the action is
					 necessitated by illness in which event the time limit does not
					 apply.
Statutory Authority
§§ 54.1-3922 and 54.1-3926 of the Code of
						Virginia.
Virginia Administrative Code › Title 18 - PROFESSIONAL AND OCCUPATIONAL LICENSING › Agency 35 - BOARD OF BAR EXAMINERS › Chapter 20 - LAW READER PROGRAM RULE › Part VIII - Withdrawal › Section 18VAC35-20-330 - Involuntary withdrawal by supervising attorney

Current through Register Vol. 40, No. 24, July 15, 2024
The supervising attorney will be deemed to have withdrawn
					 from the position (i) if a disciplinary sanction is imposed upon a supervising
					 attorney, whether or not the sanction is appealed, or (ii) if the supervising
					 attorney is convicted of a felony or any misdemeanor which involves lying,
					 cheating, stealing or other dishonesty.
Statutory Authority
§§ 54.1-3922 and 54.1-3926 of the Code of
						Virginia.
Virginia Administrative Code › Title 18 - PROFESSIONAL AND OCCUPATIONAL LICENSING › Agency 35 - BOARD OF BAR EXAMINERS › Chapter 20 - LAW READER PROGRAM RULE › Part VIII - Withdrawal › Section 18VAC35-20-340 - Effect on the six-year rule

Current through Register Vol. 40, No. 24, July 15, 2024
If the need to change supervising attorneys is not a result
					 of the reader's actions, the board will suspend the running of the six-year
					 rule during the reasonable time the reader uses his best efforts to find a
					 replacement supervising attorney.
Statutory Authority
§§ 54.1-3922 and 54.1-3926 of the Code of
						Virginia.
Virginia Administrative Code › Title 18 - PROFESSIONAL AND OCCUPATIONAL LICENSING › Agency 35 - BOARD OF BAR EXAMINERS › Chapter 20 - LAW READER PROGRAM RULE › Part IX - Course Descriptions › Article 1 - First Year › Section 18VAC35-20-350 - Basic legal skills

Current through Register Vol. 40, No. 24, July 15, 2024
Introduction to basic legal reference materials
						(including judicial, legislative and administrative primary and secondary
						sources) and their use; techniques of legal reasoning, analysis and synthesis;
						legal writing styles. Familiarization with the structure of the federal and
						state court systems, the concept of case law in a common law jurisdiction,
						fundamental principles of stare decisis and precedent, the legislative process,
						principles of statutory construction and interpretation. Reader should be
						assigned projects of increasing difficulty such as: case abstracts, analysis of
						a trial record to identify issues, short quizzes to demonstrate ability to
						locate primary and secondary sources, office memoranda or trial-oriented
						memoranda of authorities to demonstrate ability to find the law applicable to a
						factual situation and to differentiate unfavorable authority, and an appellate
						level brief.
Statutory Authority
§§ 54.1-3922 and 54.1-3926 of the Code of
						  Virginia.
Virginia Administrative Code › Title 18 - PROFESSIONAL AND OCCUPATIONAL LICENSING › Agency 35 - BOARD OF BAR EXAMINERS › Chapter 20 - LAW READER PROGRAM RULE › Part IX - Course Descriptions › Article 1 - First Year › Section 18VAC35-20-360 - Civil procedure I

Current through Register Vol. 40, No. 24, July 15, 2024
Fundamentals of pleading and procedure in civil
						litigation, as structured by the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure and the Rules
						of the Supreme Court of Virginia. Study shall include: jurisdiction over the
						person and subject matter, venue, time limits, commencement of actions,
						pleadings, parties, impleader, interpleader, motions, class actions and
						intervention, res judicata and collateral estoppel, discovery and other
						pretrial devices, joinder, summary judgment, judgments, post-trial motions.
						Reader should be required to draft complaints and other initial pleadings,
						answers and grounds of defense, motions, jury instructions, finding of fact and
						conclusions of law, judgment orders and decrees, interrogatories, and requests
						for admission.
Statutory Authority
§§ 54.1-3922 and 54.1-3926 of the Code of
						  Virginia.
Virginia Administrative Code › Title 18 - PROFESSIONAL AND OCCUPATIONAL LICENSING › Agency 35 - BOARD OF BAR EXAMINERS › Chapter 20 - LAW READER PROGRAM RULE › Part IX - Course Descriptions › Article 1 - First Year › Section 18VAC35-20-370 - Contracts

Current through Register Vol. 40, No. 24, July 15, 2024
Study of legal principles related to the formation,
						operation and termination of the legal relation called contract. General topics
						include: offer and acceptance, consideration, issues of interpretation,
						conditions, performance, breach, damages or other remedies, discharge, the
						parol-evidence rule, the statute of frauds, illegality, assignments, and
						beneficiaries.
Statutory Authority
§§ 54.1-3922 and 54.1-3926 of the Code of
						  Virginia.
Virginia Administrative Code › Title 18 - PROFESSIONAL AND OCCUPATIONAL LICENSING › Agency 35 - BOARD OF BAR EXAMINERS › Chapter 20 - LAW READER PROGRAM RULE › Part IX - Course Descriptions › Article 1 - First Year › Section 18VAC35-20-380 - Criminal law and procedure

Current through Register Vol. 40, No. 24, July 15, 2024
Study of substantive criminal law including concepts
						such as elements of criminal responsibility, principles of justification and
						excuse, parties, attempts, conspiracy, specific crimes, statutory
						interpretation, some introduction to sentencing philosophies and to juvenile
						offender law. Constitutional doctrines governing criminal procedure. Topics
						include: Fourth, Fifth, Sixth and Eighth Amendments, pertinent due process
						provisions of Fourteenth Amendment, search and seizure, confessions,
						identification procedures, right to counsel, arrest, jury trial, double
						jeopardy, and pertinent provisions of the state constitution. Part 3A of the
						Rules of the Supreme Court of Virginia are examined as they relate to the
						procedural aspects of the constitutional issues.
Statutory Authority
§§ 54.1-3922 and 54.1-3926 of the Code of
						  Virginia.
Virginia Administrative Code › Title 18 - PROFESSIONAL AND OCCUPATIONAL LICENSING › Agency 35 - BOARD OF BAR EXAMINERS › Chapter 20 - LAW READER PROGRAM RULE › Part IX - Course Descriptions › Article 1 - First Year › Section 18VAC35-20-390 - Property, real and personal

Current through Register Vol. 40, No. 24, July 15, 2024
Study of the ownership, use, and transfer of real and
						personal property in both historical and modern times. Topics include: estates
						and interests in land, future interests, concurrent ownership, easements,
						equitable servitudes, conveyances, real estate contracts, land trusts,
						nuisance, adverse possession, land use controls, landlord-tenant, the recording
						system, and title insurance.
Statutory Authority
§§ 54.1-3922 and 54.1-3926 of the Code of
						  Virginia.
Virginia Administrative Code › Title 18 - PROFESSIONAL AND OCCUPATIONAL LICENSING › Agency 35 - BOARD OF BAR EXAMINERS › Chapter 20 - LAW READER PROGRAM RULE › Part IX - Course Descriptions › Article 1 - First Year › Section 18VAC35-20-400 - Torts

Current through Register Vol. 40, No. 24, July 15, 2024
Study of the historical development, principles, concepts
						and purposes of the law relating to redress of private injuries. Topics
						include: conversion, trespass, nuisance, intentional tort, negligence, strict
						liability, products liability, concepts of duty, causation, and damage,
						limitations on liability such as proximate cause, contributory negligence,
						assumption of the risk, immunity, and comparative negligence.
Statutory Authority
§§ 54.1-3922 and 54.1-3926 of the Code of
						  Virginia.
Virginia Administrative Code › Title 18 - PROFESSIONAL AND OCCUPATIONAL LICENSING › Agency 35 - BOARD OF BAR EXAMINERS › Chapter 20 - LAW READER PROGRAM RULE › Part IX - Course Descriptions › Article 2 - Second Year › Section 18VAC35-20-410 - Agency and partnership

Current through Register Vol. 40, No. 24, July 15, 2024
Legal principles of agency law including definition of
						the agency relationship, authority and power of agents, notice and knowledge,
						rights and duties between participants in the relationship, termination of
						agency relationship, master-servant relationship. Partnership law using the
						Uniform Partnership Act as a model code. Topics include: formation, partners'
						rights and duties between themselves, powers, unauthorized acts, notice and
						knowledge, incoming partner liability, indemnification, contribution, partner's
						two-fold ownership interest, co-ownership interests and liabilities, creditor's
						claims and remedies, dissolution events, winding up, distribution of asset
						rules. Study of the Uniform Limited Partnership Act and joint venture
						law.
Statutory Authority
§§ 54.1-3922 and 54.1-3926 of the Code of
						  Virginia.
Virginia Administrative Code › Title 18 - PROFESSIONAL AND OCCUPATIONAL LICENSING › Agency 35 - BOARD OF BAR EXAMINERS › Chapter 20 - LAW READER PROGRAM RULE › Part IX - Course Descriptions › Article 2 - Second Year › Section 18VAC35-20-420 - Conflict of laws

Current through Register Vol. 40, No. 24, July 15, 2024
Study of that part of the law that determines by which
						state's law a legal problem will be solved. Topics include: choice-of-law
						problems in torts, contracts, property, domestic relations, administration of
						estates, and business associations.
Statutory Authority
§§ 54.1-3922 and 54.1-3926 of the Code of
						  Virginia.
Virginia Administrative Code › Title 18 - PROFESSIONAL AND OCCUPATIONAL LICENSING › Agency 35 - BOARD OF BAR EXAMINERS › Chapter 20 - LAW READER PROGRAM RULE › Part IX - Course Descriptions › Article 2 - Second Year › Section 18VAC35-20-430 - Constitutional law

Current through Register Vol. 40, No. 24, July 15, 2024
Course first covers basic constitutional document,
						excluding the Bill of Rights. Topics include: taxing clause, commerce clause,
						contract clause, war power and treaty power. Allocation and distribution of
						power within the federal system, and between federal and state systems,
						including economic regulatory power and police power, limitations on powers of
						state and national governments, constitutional role of the courts. Second part
						of course examines the Bill of Rights. Topics include: free speech, prior
						restraint, obscenity, libel, fair trail and free press, loyalty oaths,
						compulsory disclosure laws, sedition and national security, picketing, symbolic
						conduct, protest, subversive advocacy, due process, equal protection
						development and analysis, fundamental rights and entitlements, religious
						clause, jury trial right in civil actions, constitutional protection and
						interpretation under state as contrasted to federal constitutional
						documents.
Statutory Authority
§§ 54.1-3922 and 54.1-3926 of the Code of
						  Virginia.
Virginia Administrative Code › Title 18 - PROFESSIONAL AND OCCUPATIONAL LICENSING › Agency 35 - BOARD OF BAR EXAMINERS › Chapter 20 - LAW READER PROGRAM RULE › Part IX - Course Descriptions › Article 2 - Second Year › Section 18VAC35-20-440 - Corporations and limited liability companies

Current through Register Vol. 40, No. 24, July 15, 2024
Business corporations for profit using the Virginia
						Stock Corporation Act and the Virginia Limited Liability Company Act. Topics
						include: promotion, formation and organization; theories of corporations;
						corporate purposes and powers; disregard of corporate form; common law and
						statutory duties and liabilities of shareholders, directors, and officers;
						allocation of control, profit and risk; rights of shareholders; derivative
						suits and class action suits by shareholders; mergers and consolidations, sale
						of assets, and other fundamental changes in corporate structure; corporate
						dissolution; SEC proxy rules and Rule 10(b)(5).
Statutory Authority
§§ 54.1-3922 and 54.1-3926 of the Code of
						  Virginia.