South Carolina Code of Regulations › Chapter 61 - DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL › Subchapter 61-58.9 - Variances and Exemptions › Section 61-58.9.F - Variances and Exemptions from the Maximum Contaminant Levels for Organic and Inorganic Chemicals and Exemptions from the Treatment Technique for Lead and Copper

Current through Register Vol. 48, No. 6, June 28, 2024
(1) The
			 following are identified as the best technology, treatment techniques, or other
			 means available for achieving compliance with the maximum contaminant levels
			 for volatile organic chemicals as listed in R.61-58.5.N
			 and the organic chemicals listed in R.61-58.5.D(2):
BEST AVAILABLE TECHNOLOGIES FOR ORGANIC
							 CONTAMINANTS
CAS Number
Contaminant
Granular Activated Carbon
Packed Tower Aeration
Oxidation
15972-60-8
Alachlor
X
116-06-3
Aldicarb
X
1646-88-4
Aldicarb sulfone
X
1646-87-3
Aldicarb sulfoxide
X
1912-24-9
Atrazine
X
71-43-2
Benzene
X
X
50-32-8
Benzo(a)pyrene
X
1563-66-2
Carbofuran
X
56-23-5
Carbon tetrachloride
X
X
57-74-9
Chlordane
X
75-99-0
Dalapon
X
94-75-7
2,4-D
X
103-23-1
Di(2-ethylhexyl) adipate
X
X
117-81-7
Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate
X
96-12-8
Dibromochloropropane (DBCP)
X
95-50-1
o-Dichlorobenzene
X
X
106-46-7
para-Dichlorobenzene
X
X
107-06-2
1,2-Dichloroethane
X
X
75-35-4
1,1-Dichloroethylene
X
X
156-59-2
cis-1,2-Dichloroethylene
X
X
156-60-5
trans-1,2-Dichloroethylene
X
X
75-09-2
Dichloromethane
X
78-87-5
1,2-Dichloropropane
X
X
88-85-7
Dinoseb
X
85-00-7
Diquat
X
145-73-3
Endothall
X
72-20-8
Endrin
X
100-41-4
Ethylbenzene
X
X
106-93-4
Ethylene dibromide (EDB)
X
X
1071-83-6
Gylphosate
X
76-44-8
Heptachlor
X
1024-57-3
Heptachlor epoxide
X
118-74-1
Hexachlorobenzene
X
77-47-3
Hexachlorocyclopentadiene
X
X
58-89-9
Lindane
X
72-43-5
Methoxychlor
X
108-90-7
Monochlorobenzene
X
X
23135-22-0
Oxamyl (Vydate)
X
87-86-5
Pentachlorophenol
X
1918-02-1
Picloram
X
1336-36-3
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB)
X
122-34-9
Simazine
X
100-42-5
Styrene
X
X
1746-01-6
2,3,7,8-TCDD (Dioxin)
X
127-18-4
Tetrachloroethylene
X
X
108-88-3
Toluene
X
X
8001-35-2
Toxaphene
X
93-72-1
2,4,5-TP (Silvex)
X
120-82-1
1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene
X
X
71-55-6
1,1,1-Trichloroethane
X
X
79-00-5
1,1,2-Trichloroethane
X
X
79-01-6
Trichloroethylene
X
X
75-01-4
Vinyl chloride
X
1330-20-7
Xylene
X
X
(2)
			 The following are identified as the best technology, treatment techniques, or
			 other means available for achieving compliance with the maximum contaminant
			 levels for the inorganic contaminants listed in R.61-58.5(B)(2)(B)(2),
			 except fluoride:
CHEMICAL NAME
BAT(S)
Antimony
2,7
Arsenic [FN4]
1,2,5,6,7,9,12 [FN5]
Asbestos
2,3,8
Barium
5,6,7,9
Beryllium
1,2,5,6,7
Cadmium
2,5,6,7
Chromium
2,5,6 [FN2],7
Cyanide
5,7,10
Mercury
2 [FN1],4,6 [FN1],7 [FN1]
Nickel
5,6,7
Nitrate
5,7,9
Nitrite
5,7
Selenium
1,2 [FN3],6,7,9
Thallium
1,5
[FN1] BAT only if influent Hg concentrations <10
							 g/L.
[FN2] BAT for Chromium III only.
[FN3] BAT for Selenium IV only.
[FN4] BATs for Arsenic V. Pre-oxidation may be
							 required to convert Arsenic III to Arsenic V
[FN5] To obtain high removals, iron to arsenic ratio
							 must be at least 20:1.
Key to BATs in Table
1 = Activated Alumina
2 = Coagulation/Filtration (not BAT for systems
							 serving less than 500 service connections)
3 = Direct and Diatomite Filtration
4 = Granular Activated Carbon
5 = Ion Exchange
6 = Lime (not less than 500 service connections) BAT
							 for systems softening
7 = Reverse Osmosis
8 = Corrosion Control
9 = Electrodialysis
10 = Chlorine
11 = Ultraviolet
12 = Oxidation/Filtration
(3)
			 The Department identifies in the following table the affordable technology,
			 treatment technique, or other means available to systems serving 10,000 persons
			 or fewer for achieving compliance with the maximum contaminant level for
			 arsenic:
SMALL SYSTEM COMPLIANCE TECHNOLOGIES (SSCTS) [FN1]
							 FOR ARSENIC [FN2]
Small system compliance technology
Affordable for listed small system categories
							 [FN3]
Activated Alumina (centralized) .........
All size categories
Activated Alumina (Point-of-Use) [FN4] ..
All size categories
Coagulation/Filtration [FN5] ............
501-3,300, 3,301-10,000
Coagulation-assisted Microfiltration ....
501-3,300, 3,301-10,000
Electrodialysis reversal [FN6] ..........
501-3,300, 3,301-10,000
Enhanced coagulation/filtration .........
All size categories
Enhanced lime softening (pH> 10-5) ......
All size categories
Ion Exchange ............................
All size categories
Lime Softening [FN5] ....................
501-3,300, 3,301-10,000
Oxidation/Filtration [FN7] ..............
All size categories
Reverse Osmosis (centralized) [FN6] .....
501-3,300, 3,301-10,000
Reverse Osmosis (Point-of-Use) [FN4] ....
All size categories
[FN1] Section 1412(b)(4)(E)(ii) of SDWA specifies
							 that SSCTs must be affordable and technically feasible for small
							 systems.
[FN2] SSCTs for Arsenic V. Pre-oxidation may be
							 required to convert Arsenic III to Arsenic V.
[FN3] The Act (ibid.) specifies three categories of
							 small systems: (i) those serving 25 or more, but fewer than 501, (ii) those
							 serving more than 500, but fewer than 3,301, and (iii) those serving more than
							 3,300, but fewer than 10,001.
[FN4] When POU or POE devices are used for
							 compliance, programs to ensure proper long-term operation, maintenance, and
							 monitoring must be provided by the water system to ensure adequate
							 performance.
[FN5] Unlikely to be installed solely for arsenic
							 removal. May require pH adjustment to optimal range if high removals are
							 needed.
[FN6] Technologies reject a large volume of
							 waters-may not be appropriate for areas where water quantity may be an
							 issue.
[FN7] To obtain high removals, iron to arsenic ratio
							 must be at least 20:1.
(4)
			 The Department shall require community water systems and non-transient,
			 non-community water systems to install and/or use any treatment method
			 identified in paragraphs 1 and 2 of the section as a condition for granting a
			 variance except as provided in paragraph (4) of this section. If, after the
			 system's installation of the treatment method, the system cannot meet the MCL,
			 that system shall be eligible for a variance under the provisions of section B
			 above.
(5) If a system can
			 demonstrate through comprehensive engineering assessments, which may include
			 pilot plant studies, that the treatment methods identified in paragraphs 1 and
			 2 of the section would only achieve a de minimis reduction in contaminants, the
			 Department may issue a schedule of compliance that requires the system being
			 granted the variance to examine other treatment methods as a condition of
			 obtaining the variance.
(6) If the
			 Department determines that a treatment method identified in paragraph (4) of
			 this section is technically feasible, the Department may require the system to
			 install and/or use that treatment method in connection with a compliance
			 schedule issued under the provisions of R.61-58.9(B)(4)(c) through (g)(B)(4)(c) through
			 (g). The Department's determination shall be
			 based upon studies by the system and other relevant information.
(7) The Department may require a public water
			 system to use bottled water, point-of-use devices, point-of-entry devices or
			 other means as a condition of granting a variance or an exemption from the
			 requirements of R.61-58.5.B. (2), D(2)(b) and N, to avoid an unreasonable risk
			 to health. The Department may require a public water system to use bottled
			 water and point-of-use devices or other means, but not point-of-entry devices,
			 as a condition for granting an exemption from corrosion control treatment
			 requirements for lead and copper in R.61-58.11.C
			 and D to avoid an unreasonable risk to health. The Department may require a
			 public water system to use point-of-entry devices as a condition for granting
			 an exemption from the source water and lead service line replacement
			 requirements for lead and copper under R.61-58.11.E
			 or F to avoid an unreasonable risk to health.
(8) Public water systems that use bottled
			 water as a condition for receiving a variance or exemption from the
			 requirements of R.61-58.5.B(2),
			 D(2)(b) and N, or an exemption from the requirements of R.61-58.11.C
			 through F, must meet the requirements in either paragraph (a) or (b) of this
			 section in addition to the requirements in paragraph (c) of this section:
(a) The public water system must develop and
			 put in place a monitoring program approved by the Department that provides
			 reasonable assurances that the bottled water meets all maximum contaminant
			 levels. The public water system must monitor a representative sample of the
			 bottled water for all contaminants regulated under R.61-58.5.B(2),
			 D(2)(b) and N the first quarter that it supplies the bottled water to the
			 public, and annually thereafter. Results of the monitoring program shall be
			 provided to the Department annually.