Pennsylvania Code › Title 34 - LABOR AND INDUSTRY › Part I - Department of Labor and Industry › Chapter 47 - MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS › Subchapter A - BEDDING AND UPHOLSTERY › GENERAL PROVISIONS › Section 47.1 - Definitions and use of terms

Current through Register Vol. 54, No. 28, July 13, 2024
The following words and terms, when used in this
						subchapter, have the following meanings, unless the context clearly indicates
						otherwise, and shall conform to the labeling requirements indicated:
Acetate fibers
or
cellulose
						acetate
-Manmade fibers, monofilaments and continuous filament yarns
						composed of actyelated cellulose with or without lesser amounts of nonfiber
						forming material.
Acrylic fibers
or
polyacrylic
						fibers
-Manmade fibers made from any long chain polymers or copolymers
						which contain 85% or more of acrylonitrile and which are formed into a
						filament.
Arolac, azlon,
or
casein protein
						base fibers
-Manmade fibers and filaments made from modified proteins
						or derivatives of proteins with or without lesser amounts of nonfiber forming
						material. The term azlon shall be used for labeling purposes regardless of the
						source of the protein.
Bulk filling materials
-Bulk materials
						intended for use in mattresses, pillows, bolsters, feather beds and other
						filled bedding of any description. The term applies to cushions and all types
						of upholstered furniture, except cotton rolls, shredded synthetic foam and
						other filling materials which are sold at retail to be used and consumed in the
						home of the purchaser for his personal use.
Cardboard, fiberboard
or
corrugated cardboard
-Sheets of material composed of paper,
						wood pulp or other materials with or without resin bonding and labeled with
						their appropriate name.
Cattail plant fibers
-The fibers from the
						cattail plant, Apacynaceae Typhaceae. The material shall be labeled cattail
						fibers.
Cellulose fiber
-The fibers obtained from
						wood pulp and compressed into pads. The label designation shall be cellulose
						fiber pad.
Cemented shredded latex foam
						rubber
-Shredded latex foam rubber which has been cemented
						together.
Cemented shredded sponge rubber
-Shredded
						sponge rubber which has been cemented together.
Cemented shredded synthetic
						foam
-Shredded synthetic foam which has been cemented together.
Coconut husk fiber
or
coconut
						coir
-The fibrous material obtained from the husks or outer shell of
						the coconut. Either term may be used on the tag.
Colored
-A material which has been
						artificially dyed or colored.
Comfortable
-Any cover, quilt or quilted
						article made of any material and stuffed or filled with any of the filling
						materials defined in this section.
Cotton
-This term shall not be used by
						itself.
Cotton felt
or
blended cotton
						felt
-Felt made from staple cotton, cotton linters, cotton wastes or
						mixtures of any of those. The label designation shall be cotton felt or blended
						cotton felt.
Cotton linters
-The fibrous growth
						removed from the cotton seed subsequent to the process of ginning. The term
						cotton linters may be used on the tag but the term linters alone shall not be
						used.
Cotton waste
-Cotton material recovered
						from various machine operations used in the manufacture of cotton yarn other
						than cotton itself. When unfelted this material shall be designated on the tag
						as cotton waste.
Creped cellulose fiber
-The material
						formed of layers of compressed and creped cellulose fiber.
Crushed feathers
-Feathers which have
						been processed by a curling, crushing or chopping machine which has changed the
						original form of the feathers without removing the quill. The term also
						includes all of the material components resulting from this processing. The
						material or percentage thereof shall be designated on the label as "crushed"
						and shall be followed by the designation of "waterfowl feathers," "goose
						feathers," "duck feathers," "chicken feathers," "turkey feathers" and so forth.
						When the species of the crushed waterfowl feathers or crushed landfowl feathers
						or a percentage thereof is designated on the label, a minimum of 80% of the
						crushed waterfowl feathers or crushed landfowl feathers or a percentage thereof
						so designated must be of that species.
Curled hair
-This term shall apply when
						any hair has been put through a curling process. The appropriate designation as
						to origin shall appear on the label along with this term.
Cushion
-Any bag or case, transparent or
						opaque, and stuffed or filled with any of the materials defined in this
						section, to be used for resting, reclining or sleeping purposes. This term
						includes any preformed article made of materials defined in this section and
						used for reclining, resting, or sitting purposes.
Disinfection
-The direct application of
						chemical or physical means to kill pathogenic agents.
Down
-The soft undercoat of water fowl
						consisting of the light fluffy filament growing from one quill point but
						without any quill shaft. The species of the down or a percentage thereof may be
						designated on the label. When the species of the down or a percentage thereof
						is designated on the label a minimum of 80% of the down or percentage thereof
						so designated must be of that species. An article labeled down or a percentage
						thereof shall contain a minimum of 80% of down, plumules and down fiber so
						designated.
Excelsior
-The fine shredded thread or
						ribbon-like fiber of wood. This term does not include waste products such as
						sawdust, shavings or similar materials. The term wood wool is prohibited and
						the label designation shall be excelsior.
Feather fiber
-The detached barbs of
						feathers which are not joined or attached to each other.
Feathers
-The terms "waterfowl feathers,"
						"landfowl feathers," "goose feathers," "duck feathers," "chicken feathers,"
						"turkey feathers" and so forth, shall mean the feathers of the designated fowl
						which are whole in physical structure with the natural form and curvature
						originally found in the feathers. The species of the waterfowl feathers or
						percentage thereof, goose or duck, may be designated on the label. The species
						of the landfowl feathers or percentage thereof, chicken or turkey, shall be
						designated on the label. When the species of the waterfowl or landfowl feathers
						or percentage thereof is designated on the label, a minimum of 80% of the
						waterfowl feathers or landfowl feathers or a percentage thereof so designated
						must be of that species. Feathers, crushed feathers or down mixtures shall not
						be represented to contain a certain percentage of feathers, crushed feathers or
						down unless it in fact contains the stated percentage with due regard to the
						tolerances in the definitions of "down," "feathers" and "crushed
						feathers."
Felt
-Any material which has been carded
						into layers or sheets by a garnetting or felting machine. This term shall not
						be used by itself but in conjunction with the name of the materials from which
						it is made. This term does not include felt scraps or repicked felt.
Felted mixtures
-Felt made from other
						than reprocessed fibers and containing the name and percentage of the fibers
						present, or made from reprocessed fibers containing the names and percentages
						of fibers present and labeled as felt made from reprocessed fibers. A tolerance
						of 10% shall be allowed.
Foam
-A polymerized material consisting
						of a mass of thin-walled cells produced chemically or physically. This term
						shall be placed on the tag along with the name of the organic base from which
						it is made.
Garnetted clippings
-Any new material
						which has been made into fabric and subsequently cut up, torn up, broken up, or
						ground up and which has been run through a garnetting machine and processed to
						a fibrous state so as to contain not more than 10% yarn or 2.0 % fabric. The
						label designation shall be garnetted clippings.
Glass fiber
-Fibers made of spun glass.
						This term shall appear on the tag.
Hair
-The coarse, filamentous, epidermal
						outgrowth of animals such as horses, cattle, hogs and goats. This term shall
						not be used by itself but in conjunction with its particular source as
						follows:
(i)
Body
					 hair
-The short soft hair removed from the bodies of animals.
(ii)
Cattle hair
-The hair
					 from the tails of cattle.
(iii)
Goat hair
-The hair from any species.
(iv)
Hog hair
-The bristles
					 and body hair of swine.
(v)
Horse hair
-The hair of the manes or tails of horses.
Hair and fiber blends
-The use of filling
						material of any origin in a mixture with hair. The kind and percentage by
						weight of each component of the mixture shall be designated on the label, and a
						tolerance of 10% shall be allowed.
Hair blends
-The use of two different
						origins of hair in a blend or mixture. The kind and percentage by weight of
						each shall be stated on the label, and a tolerance of 10% shall be
						allowed.
Hair pad
-Hair which is interwoven or
						punched on burlap or any other woven material or otherwise fabricated into a
						pad. Percentages of component materials shall reflect the hair and fiber
						content only.
Hay
-Grass, properly cured, dried and
						free from dust, dirt, burrs, sticks or other objectionable material. This term
						shall be designated on the tag.
Jute
-The fiber obtained from various
						species of corchorus plants.
Jute pad
-A pad made of jute
						fibers.
Jute waste
-The byproduct of rope or
						cordage, reclaimed rope ends or other fabricated material which have not
						previously been used for bailing or other purposes.
Kapok
-The fibrous growth contained in
						the pod of the Kapok tree, genus
Ceiba Pentenda.
This term
						shall be designated on the tag, and the use of the term silk floss is
						prohibited.
Latex foam rubber
-Natural or synthetic
						rubber latex which has been converted from a liquid state to a stable foamy
						mass and molded or otherwise assembled into suitable shapes for commercial
						use.
Mattress
-Any quilted pad, mattress,
						mattress pad, crib pad, mattress protector, bunk quilt or box spring stuffed or
						filled with any of the filling materials defined in this section, to be used on
						a couch or other bed for sleeping or reclining purposes.
Milkweed
-The fibrous growth attached to
						the seed within the pod of the milkweed plant, genus
Asclepias.
Moss
-The material derived from the
						epiphte
Tillandsia Useoides.
New
-Any material which has not been
						previously used for any purpose including by-products produced in the
						manufacture of new textile materials or fabrics and material reclaimed from new
						fabrics.
Nylon fibers
-anmade fibers made from any
						long synthetic polymeric amide which has recurring amide groups as an integral
						part of the main polymer chain and which is formed into a filament. This term
						or the term polymide fiber may be used on the tag.
Palm fiber
-The fibrous material obtained
						from the leaf of the palm, palmetto or palmyra tree.
Person
-Persons, partnerships, companies,
						corporations or associations.
Pillow, bolster, feather bed
or
sleeping bags
-Any bag, case or covering made of any material,
						transparent or opaque, and stuffed or filled with any of the filling materials
						defined in this section to be used on a bed, couch, divan, sofa, lounge or
						other article of furniture for sleeping or reclining purposes.
Polyester fibers
-Manmade fibers made
						from a long chain synthetic polymer which contains 85% or more of the polymeric
						ester produced from the reaction of terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol or
						other dyhydric alcohols and dicarboxylic acids or produced from hydroxy acids
						and which is formed into a filament. This term shall be used on the tag.
Polyethylene fibers
-Manmade fibers made
						from long chain polymers of ethylene and made into a filament. This term shall
						be used on the tag.
Polyurethane fibers
-Manmade fibers made
						from the copolymenzation of disocyanates and alcohols of diisocyanates and
						polyesters and formed into filaments. This term shall be used on the
						tag.
Polyvinyl fibers
-Manmade fibers made
						from copolymerization of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride and
						acrylontrile, after chlorinated polyvinyl chloride and copolymers of vinylidene
						chloride and other monomers and made into filaments. This term shall be used on
						the tag.
Quill feathers
-The wing and tail
						feathers of any fowl. This term shall be designated on the tag.
Rayon
-anmade fibers, monofilaments and
						continuous filament yarns composed of regenerated cellulose, with or without
						lesser amounts of nonfiber-forming materials. The terms cellulose or rayon
						fibers may be used on the tag.
Redwood bark fibers
-The fibers obtained
						from the bark of the California Redwood tree, genus
Sequoia
						Sempervirens.
Reprocessed fibers
-Fibers reclaimed from
						any spun, knitted or woven product which is new. This term applies equally to
						fibers reclaimed from garnetted clippings, yarns or nappers. The names of the
						reprocessed fibers shall be set forth on the tag and the percentages of each
						given if more than one fiber is present.
Reprocessed jute
-Jute fibers reclaimed
						from unused fabric, cordage or other similar material. This term shall be
						designated on the tag.
Resin treated cotton felt
-Cotton
						impregnated with vinyl or other resins.
Rubberized hair
or
rubberized
						curled hair
-Any hair treated with natural or synthetic latex. When
						hair is rubberized, the label designation shall be rubberized hair, or if
						curled, rubberized curled hair, with the appropriate designation indicating its
						origin.
Rubberized hair pieces
-Trimmings and
						pieces of rubberized hair of indefinite size. The material shall be designated
						on the label as rubberized hair pieces or rubberized curled hair pieces,
						whichever term is applicable. When shredded, this material shall be labeled
						shredded rubberized hair. The term curled shall not be used.
Sea grass
-Any material obtained from
						maritime plants or seaweeds. This term shall appear on the tag.
Secondhand
-Any materials previously used
						for any purpose. Manufacturing process shall not constitute prior use.
Shredded clippings
-Any new fabric made
						from new materials which has been subsequently cut up, ground up, torn up or
						broken up and which contains more than 10% yarn or 2% fabric. This term shall
						be designated on the label.
Shredded latex foam rubber
-Latex foam
						rubber which has been subjected to a shredding process.
Shredded sponge rubber
-Sponge rubber
						which has been subjected to a shredding process.
Shredded synthetic foam
-Synthetic foams
						which have been subjected to a shredding process.
Shoddy
-Any material made from secondhand
						rags, clothing, yarn, fabric, clippings or nappings by a process of grinding,
						tearing, or breaking up. This material shall be sterilized. A yellow label
						shall be used with this designation on all secondhand material consisting of
						shoddy.
Silk waste
-The byproducts recovered from
						various machine operations necessary in the manufacture of threads of natural
						silk. This term shall appear on the tag.
Sisal
-The fiber obtained from the Agave
						plant. This term applies only to new material. If the material is made of waste
						or reclaimed fibers, the term, "reprocessed sisal fibers," shall be used on the
						tag.
Sisal shoddy
-Reclaimed used cordage or
						other sisal material which has been fabricated and used for baling or other
						purposes and which shall be sterilized before use.
Sponge rubber
-Natural or synthetic solid
						rubber expanded into a cellular foam and molded or otherwise assembled into
						suitable shapes for commercial use.
Staple cotton
-The fibrous growth removed
						from the cotton seed by ginning. This term may be used on the tag.
Starch fibers
-Fibers made from long
						chains of amylose acetate units or regenerated amylose. This term shall be used
						on the tag.
Steel wool
-Fibrous material made from
						very fine steel wire. Either this term or the term steel fiber may appear on
						the tag.
Sterilization
-Any process which destroys
						bacteria-micro-organisms-not necessarily bacterial spones.
Stripped feathers
-The barbs of feathers
						stripped by any process from the quill shaft but not separated into feather
						fiber.
Straw
-The stalk or stem of grain such as
						wheat, rye, oats, rice, and the like after threshing. This term shall be
						designated on the tag. The kind of straw need not be designated but, if so
						indicated, shall be a true statement. The straw shall be free from chaff,
						beards, bristles, husks, glumes, dirt or other extraneous matter.
Synthetic fibers
-Any other synthetic
						fiber not defined in this section.
Synthetic foam
-Material made or
						synthetic products other than synthetic rubber and produced in a resilient
						foam-like state. This term shall not be used by itself. The label designation
						shall include terms describing the recurring units or groups of the polymerized
						product. For example, the foam derived from polyesters and diisocyanate shall
						be termed polyurethane foam.
Tampico tula
-The fibers from the leaves
						of plants such as
Agave Iophantha
or
Hesperaloe
						Funifera.
The term "tampico" shall be used on the tag, and if curled,
						the term "curled tampico" may be used.
Tanners wool
-The growth of wool removed
						from tanned sheep skins. This term shall be designated on the tag and classed
						as a new material.
Tow
-The fibrous coarse straw-like part
						of a plant recovered as a byproduct in securing commercial fibers and shall be
						further designated by the plant origin.
Upholstered furniture
-Any article of
						furniture stuffed or filled with any of the filling materials defined in this
						section, to be used for sitting, resting or reclining purposes.
Wood fiber
-Wood comminuted or reduced to
						a splintered or fragment piece of finer texture than excelsior.
Wool blend
-The byproducts recovered from
						the various machine operations necessary in the manufacture of wool yarn or the
						byproduct of the tanned sheep hide industry, except tanners' wool. This term
						includes wool noils and may be used on the tag.
Wool
or
virgin
						wool
-Fleece of sheep or lamb scoured or scoured and carbonized and
						free from kemp and vegetable matter. This term shall not apply to the byproduct
						of any process of manufacture or sustained prior use. Either term may be used
						on the tag.
This section cited in 34 Pa. Code §
													47.21 (relating to terminology for
						  fillings); and 34 Pa. Code §
													47.26 (relating to
						  hair).