Pennsylvania Code › Title 67 - TRANSPORTATION › Part I - Department of Transportation › Subpart A - Vehicle Code Provisions › Article VII - Vehicle Characteristics › Chapter 177 - EMISSION INSPECTION PROGRAM › Subchapter F - SCHEDULE OF PENALTIES AND HEARINGPROCEDURE › REGISTRATION RECALL PROCEDURE FOR VIOLATION OF Sections 177.301-177.305 (RELATING TO ON-ROAD TESTING) › Appendix A - Acceleration Simulation Mode: Pennsylvania Procedures, Standards, Equipment Specifications and Quality Control Requirements

Current through Register Vol. 54, No. 28, July 13, 2024
§ 1. ASM Exhaust Emission Standards and
							 Calculations.
(a)
ASM Emissions Standards
(1)
ASM Start-Up Standards.
The
							 following standards shall be used for ASM tests performed until notice by the
							 Department that the standards in subsection (2)(i) or (2)(ii) shall apply. The
							 exhaust emission standards for the following model years are cross referenced
							 by the number in the column in (a)(3) below:
(A) Light Duty Vehicles
Model Years
Hydrocarbons
Carbon
									 Monoxide
Oxides of Nitrogen
Table § 1(a)(3)(I)
Table § 1(a)(3)(II)
Table
									 § 1(a)(3)(III)
1996+ TIER 1
1
21
41
1991-1995
2
22
42
1983-1990
4
23
43
1981-1982
4
26
43
1980
4
26
48
1977-1979
11
30
48
1975-1976
11
30
50
(B) Light Duty Trucks 1 (less than 6,000 pounds
							 GVWR).
Model Years
Hydrocarbons
Carbon
									 Monoxide
Oxides of Nitrogen
Table § 1(a)(3)(I)
Table § 1(a)(3)(II)
Table
									 § 1(a)(3)(III)
1996+ TIER 1
(<3750 LVW)
1
21
41
(>3750 LVW)
2
22
42
1991-1995
5
26
43
1988-1990
7
29
44
1984-1987
7
29
49
1979-1983
11
31
49
1975-1978
12
32
50
(C) Light Duty Trucks 2 (greater than 6,000 pounds
							 GVWR).
Model Years
Hydrocarbons
Carbon
									 Monoxide
Oxides of Nitrogen
Table § 1(a)(3)(I)
Table § 1(a)(3)(II)
Table
									 § 1(a)(3)(III)
1996+ TIER 1
([LESS THAN EQUAL TO]5750 LVW)
2
22
42
(>5750 LVW)
5
26
45
1991-1995
5
26
46
1988-1990
7
29
47
1984-1987
7
29
49
1979-1983
11
31
49
1975-1978
12
32
50
(2)
ASM final standards.
(i)
ASM equivalent test weight
							 methodology.
Upon notice by the Department in the
Pennsylvania
							 Bulletin
, the following exhaust emission standards will be used for
							 ASM tests performed. The exhaust emissions standards for the following model
							 years are cross-referenced by the number in the column in (a)(3) below:
(A) Light Duty Vehicles.
Model Years
Hydrocarbons
Carbon
									 Monoxide
Oxides of Nitrogen
Table § 1(a)(3)(I)
Table § 1(a)(3)(II)
Table
									 § 1(a)(3)(III)
1996+ TIER 1
1
21
41
1983-1995
1
21
41
1981-1982
1
23
41
1980
1
23
45
1977-1979
6
27
45
1975-1976
6
27
48
(B) Light Duty Trucks 1 (less than 6,000 pounds
							 GVWR).
Model Years
Hydrocarbons
Carbon
									 Monoxide
Oxides of Nitrogen
Table § 1(a)(3)(I)
Table § 1(a)(3)(II)
Table
									 § 1(a)(3)(III)
1996+ TIER 1
([LESS THAN EQUAL TO]3750 LVW)
1
21
41
(>3750 LVW)
1
21
41
1988-1995
3
24
42
1984-1987
3
24
46
1979-1983
8
28
46
1975-1978
9
29
48
(C) Light Duty Trucks 2 (greater than 6,000 pounds
							 GVWR).
Model Years
Hydrocarbons
Carbon
									 Monoxide
Oxides of Nitrogen
Table § 1(a)(3)(I)
Table § 1(a)(3)(II)
Table
									 § 1(a)(3)(III)
1996+ TIER 1
([LESS THAN EQUAL TO]5750 LVW)
1
21
41
(>5750 LVW)
1
21
41
1988-1995
3
24
44
1984-1987
3
24
46
1979-1983
8
28
46
1975-1978
9
29
48
(ii)
ASM vehicle engine displacement
							 methodology.
Upon notice by the Department in the
Pennsylvania
							 Bulletin
, the exhaust emission standards used for ASM tests performed
							 shall be in accordance with the following tables:
LDV Exhaust Emission Standards for the ASM 5015
							 test
HC
CO
NOx
5015 LDV MY 1980 and newer
275 liters* ppm
5015 LDV MY 1980 to
										1982
1.3 liters*%
5015 LDV MY 1983 and
										newer
1.1 liters*%
5015 LDV MY 1980
										only
8,500 liters* ppm
5015 LDV MY 1981 and
										newer
3,600 liters* ppm
LDT Exhaust Emission Standards for the ASM 5015
							 test
5015 LDT MY 1980 to 1983
1,140 liters*
										ppm
5015 LDT MY 1984 to 1995
537 liters* ppm
5015 LDT MY 1996 and newer
275 liters* ppm
5015 LDT MY 1980 to
										1983
9.7 liters*%
5015 LDT MY 1984 to
										1995
5.4 liters*%
5015 LDT MY 1996 and
										newer
1.1 liters*%
5015 LDT MY 1980 to
										1987
14,145 liters* ppm
5015 LDT MY 1988 to
										1995
7,380 liters* ppm
5015 LDT MY 1988 to
										1995
6,150 liters* ppm
All 5015 cut points are applied by the following
							 method: The vehicle's engine displacement in liters multiplied by the exhaust
							 constituent (HC, CO, or NOx) levels in concentration (HC and NOx in ppm; CO in
							 % ten second average values). This liter* concentration value is compared to
							 the appropriate cut point and if the value is above the cut point the vehicle
							 is considered having failed the test.
(3) ASM 2525 and 5015 concentration tables follow
							 (although both 2525 and 5015 standards are shown, the Pennsylvania test
							 consists only of the 5015 mode):
(i) ASM2525 and ASM5015 hydrocarbon (PPM C6)
							 Table
Column Number - ->
1
1
2
2
3
3
4
4
5
5
6
6
7
7
8
8
Vehicle
									 ETW
5015
2525
5015
2525
5015
2525
5015
2525
5015
2525
5015
2525
5015
2525
5015
2525
1750
142
136
224
216
257
249
291
282
324
315
374
364
390
381
407
397
1875
134
129
212
205
243
236
275
266
306
297
353
344
368
359
384
375
2000
127
123
201
194
230
223
260
252
289
281
333
325
348
339
363
354
2125
121
116
191
184
219
212
246
239
274
267
316
308
329
321
343
335
2250
115
111
182
175
208
201
234
227
260
253
299
292
312
305
325
318
2375
109
106
173
167
198
192
223
216
247
241
284
277
297
290
309
302
2500
105
101
166
160
189
183
212
206
236
230
271
264
283
276
294
288
2625
100
97
159
153
181
175
203
197
225
219
259
252
270
263
281
274
2750
96
93
152
147
173
168
194
189
216
210
247
241
258
252
269
262
2875
92
89
146
141
167
161
187
181
207
201
237
231
247
241
257
251
3000
89
86
141
136
160
155
180
174
199
194
228
222
237
232
247
241
3125
86
83
136
132
155
150
173
168
191
186
219
214
228
223
238
232
3250
83
80
132
127
149
145
167
162
185
180
211
206
220
215
229
224
3375
81
78
128
123
145
140
162
157
179
174
204
199
213
208
221
216
3500
78
76
124
120
140
136
157
152
173
169
198
193
206
201
214
209
3625
76
74
120
117
136
132
152
148
168
164
192
187
200
195
207
203
3750
74
72
117
114
133
129
148
144
163
159
186
182
194
189
201
197
3875
72
70
114
111
129
125
144
140
159
155
181
177
188
184
196
191
4000
71
68
112
108
126
122
140
137
155
151
176
172
183
179
191
186
4125
69
67
109
106
123
119
137
133
151
147
172
168
179
175
186
181
4250
67
65
107
103
120
117
134
130
147
143
167
164
174
170
181
177
4375
66
64
104
101
118
114
131
127
144
140
164
160
170
166
177
173
4500
65
63
102
99
115
112
128
124
141
137
160
156
166
162
172
169
4625
63
61
100
97
113
109
125
122
137
134
156
152
162
159
169
165
4750
62
60
98
95
110
107
122
119
134
131
153
149
159
155
165
161
4875
61
59
96
93
108
105
120
117
132
128
149
146
155
152
161
157
5000
60
58
94
92
106
103
117
114
129
126
146
143
152
148
157
154
5125
58
57
93
90
104
101
115
112
126
123
143
139
148
145
154
150
5250
57
56
91
88
102
99
112
110
123
120
140
136
145
142
150
147
5375
56
55
89
86
100
97
110
107
121
118
137
133
142
139
147
144
5500
55
54
87
85
98
95
108
105
118
115
134
130
139
136
144
141
5625
54
53
86
83
96
93
106
103
116
113
131
128
136
133
141
138
5750
53
52
84
82
94
91
104
101
113
111
128
125
133
130
138
135
5875
52
51
83
80
92
90
102
99
111
108
125
122
130
127
135
132
6000
51
50
81
79
90
88
100
97
109
106
123
120
127
124
132
129
6125
50
49
80
78
89
86
98
95
107
104
120
118
125
122
129
126
6250
50
48
79
76
87
85
96
94
105
102
118
115
123
120
127
124
6375
49
48
77
75
86
84
95
92
103
101
116
113
120
118
125
122
6500
48
47
76
74
85
83
93
91
102
99
114
112
119
116
123
120
6625
48
46
76
74
84
82
92
90
101
98
113
110
117
114
121
119
6750
47
46
75
73
83
81
91
89
100
97
112
109
116
113
120
117
6875
47
46
75
73
83
81
91
89
99
97
111
109
115
113
119
117
7000
47
46
74
72
83
80
91
88
99
96
111
108
115
112
119
116
7125
47
46
74
72
82
80
90
88
98
96
111
108
115
112
119
116
7250
47
46
74
72
82
80
90
88
98
96
111
108
115
112
119
116
7375
47
46
74
72
82
80
90
88
98
96
111
108
115
112
119
116
7500
47
46
74
72
82
80
90
88
98
96
111
108
115
112
119
116
ASM2525 and ASM5015 Hydrocarbon (ppm C6) Table
							 (cont.)
Column Number - ->
9
9
10
10
11
11
12
12
13
13
Vehicle ETW
5015
2525
5015
2525
5015
2525
5015
2525
5015
2525
1750
457
447
706
694
774
761
843
828
1118
1098
1875
431
421
665
653
729
717
794
780
1052
1034
2000
407
398
627
616
688
676
749
736
992
975
2125
385
376
592
582
650
638
707
695
938
921
2250
365
357
560
551
615
604
669
658
887
872
2375
346
339
531
522
583
573
635
624
841
827
2500
329
322
505
496
554
544
603
593
800
786
2625
314
307
481
472
528
518
574
564
761
748
2750
300
294
459
451
503
495
548
539
726
714
2875
287
281
439
431
481
473
524
515
695
683
3000
276
270
420
413
461
453
502
493
666
654
3125
265
260
404
397
443
435
482
474
639
628
3250
256
250
388
382
426
419
464
456
615
604
3375
247
241
374
368
411
404
447
440
593
583
3500
239
234
362
355
397
390
432
424
573
563
3625
231
226
350
344
384
377
418
411
554
544
3750
224
220
339
333
372
365
405
398
537
527
3875
218
213
329
323
361
355
393
386
521
512
4000
212
208
320
314
351
345
382
375
506
497
4125
206
202
311
305
341
335
371
365
492
484
4250
201
197
303
297
332
326
361
355
479
471
4375
196
192
295
290
323
318
352
346
467
459
4500
192
188
287
282
315
310
343
337
455
447
4625
187
183
280
275
308
302
335
329
444
436
4750
183
179
273
269
300
295
327
321
433
425
4875
179
175
267
262
293
288
319
313
423
415
5000
175
171
260
256
286
281
311
305
412
405
5125
171
167
254
250
279
274
304
298
402
395
5250
167
163
248
244
272
267
296
291
393
386
5375
163
159
242
238
266
261
289
284
383
376
5500
159
156
236
232
259
255
282
277
374
367
5625
156
152
231
226
253
248
276
271
365
359
5750
152
149
225
221
247
243
269
264
357
350
5875
149
146
220
216
241
237
263
258
348
342
6000
146
143
215
211
236
232
257
252
341
334
6125
143
140
210
206
231
227
251
247
333
327
6250
140
137
206
202
226
222
246
242
326
320
6375
138
135
202
198
222
218
242
237
320
314
6500
136
133
199
195
218
214
238
233
315
309
6625
134
131
196
192
215
211
234
230
310
304
6750
132
129
194
190
213
209
232
227
307
301
6875
132
129
193
189
211
207
230
225
305
299
7000
131
128
192
188
211
207
229
225
304
298
7125
131
128
192
188
211
206
229
225
304
298
7250
131
128
192
188
211
206
229
225
304
298
7375
131
128
192
188
211
206
229
225
304
298
7500
131
128
192
188
211
206
229
225
304
298
(ii) ASM2525 and ASM5015 Carbon Monoxide (%CO)
							 Table
Column Number - ->
21
21
22
22
23
23
24
24
25
25
26
26
27
27
28
28
Vehicle ETW
5015
2525
5015
2525
5015
2525
5015
2525
5015
2525
5015
2525
5015
2525
5015
2525
1750
0.80
0.77
1.26
1.22
1.64
1.83
2.02
2.43
2.21
2.73
2.78
3.64
2.97
3.94
3.16
4.24
1875
0.75
0.73
1.19
1.16
1.55
1.72
1.91
2.29
2.09
2.58
2.63
3.43
2.81
3.71
2.98
4.00
2000
0.71
0.69
1.13
1.09
1.47
1.63
1.81
2.17
1.97
2.43
2.48
3.24
2.65
3.51
2.82
3.77
2125
0.68
0.66
1.07
1.04
1.39
1.54
1.71
2.05
1.87
2.30
2.35
3.06
2.51
3.32
2.67
3.57
2250
0.64
0.62
1.02
0.99
1.32
1.47
1.62
1.94
1.77
2.18
2.23
2.90
2.38
3.14
2.53
3.38
2375
0.61
0.59
0.97
0.94
1.26
1.39
1.54
1.85
1.69
2.07
2.12
2.76
2.26
2.98
2.40
3.21
2500
0.59
0.57
0.93
0.90
1.20
1.33
1.47
1.76
1.61
1.97
2.02
2.62
2.15
2.84
2.29
3.05
2625
0.56
0.54
0.89
0.86
1.15
1.27
1.41
1.68
1.53
1.88
1.92
2.50
2.05
2.70
2.18
2.91
2750
0.54
0.52
0.85
0.82
1.10
1.21
1.34
1.60
1.47
1.80
1.84
2.39
1.96
2.58
2.09
2.78
2875
0.52
0.50
0.82
0.79
1.05
1.16
1.29
1.54
1.41
1.72
1.76
2.29
1.88
2.47
2.00
2.66
3000
0.50
0.48
0.79
0.76
1.01
1.12
1.24
1.48
1.35
1.66
1.69
2.19
1.80
2.37
1.92
2.55
3125
0.48
0.46
0.76
0.73
0.98
1.08
1.19
1.42
1.30
1.59
1.63
2.11
1.74
2.28
1.84
2.45
3250
0.46
0.45
0.73
0.71
0.94
1.04
1.15
1.37
1.26
1.53
1.57
2.03
1.67
2.20
1.78
2.36
3375
0.45
0.43
0.71
0.69
0.91
1.00
1.11
1.32
1.21
1.48
1.52
1.96
1.62
2.12
1.72
2.28
3500
0.44
0.42
0.69
0.67
0.88
0.97
1.08
1.28
1.17
1.43
1.47
1.89
1.56
2.05
1.66
2.20
3625
0.42
0.41
0.67
0.65
0.86
0.94
1.05
1.24
1.14
1.39
1.42
1.84
1.52
1.98
1.61
2.13
3750
0.41
0.40
0.65
0.63
0.83
0.92
1.02
1.20
1.11
1.35
1.38
1.78
1.47
1.92
1.56
2.07
3875
0.40
0.39
0.63
0.61
0.81
0.89
0.99
1.17
1.08
1.31
1.34
1.73
1.43
1.87
1.52
2.01
4000
0.39
0.38
0.62
0.60
0.79
0.87
0.96
1.14
1.05
1.28
1.31
1.68
1.39
1.82
1.48
1.95
4125
0.38
0.37
0.60
0.58
0.77
0.85
0.94
1.11
1.02
1.24
1.27
1.64
1.36
1.77
1.44
1.90
4250
0.37
0.36
0.59
0.57
0.75
0.83
0.92
1.08
1.00
1.21
1.24
1.60
1.32
1.72
1.40
1.85
4375
0.36
0.35
0.58
0.56
0.74
0.81
0.89
1.06
0.97
1.18
1.21
1.56
1.29
1.68
1.37
1.81
4500
0.36
0.35
0.57
0.55
0.72
0.79
0.87
1.03
0.95
1.16
1.18
1.52
1.26
1.64
1.34
1.76
4625
0.35
0.34
0.55
0.54
0.70
0.77
0.85
1.01
0.93
1.13
1.15
1.48
1.23
1.60
1.30
1.72
4750
0.34
0.33
0.54
0.53
0.69
0.76
0.84
0.99
0.91
1.10
1.13
1.45
1.20
1.57
1.28
1.68
4875
0.34
0.33
0.53
0.52
0.67
0.74
0.82
0.97
0.89
1.08
1.10
1.42
1.17
1.53
1.25
1.64
5000
0.33
0.32
0.52
0.51
0.66
0.73
0.80
0.95
0.87
1.05
1.08
1.38
1.15
1.49
1.22
1.60
5125
0.32
0.31
0.51
0.50
0.65
0.71
0.78
0.92
0.85
1.03
1.05
1.35
1.12
1.46
1.19
1.57
5250
0.32
0.31
0.50
0.49
0.63
0.70
0.77
0.90
0.83
1.01
1.03
1.32
1.10
1.43
1.16
1.53
5375
0.31
0.30
0.49
0.48
0.62
0.68
0.75
0.89
0.81
0.99
1.01
1.29
1.07
1.39
1.14
1.50
5500
0.30
0.30
0.48
0.47
0.61
0.67
0.73
0.87
0.80
0.97
0.99
1.26
1.05
1.36
1.11
1.46
5625
0.30
0.29
0.47
0.46
0.59
0.65
0.72
0.85
0.78
0.94
0.97
1.24
1.03
1.33
1.09
1.43
5750
0.29
0.29
0.46
0.45
0.58
0.64
0.70
0.83
0.76
0.92
0.94
1.21
1.01
1.30
1.07
1.40
5875
0.29
0.28
0.45
0.44
0.57
0.63
0.69
0.81
0.75
0.91
0.92
1.18
0.98
1.27
1.04
1.37
6000
0.28
0.28
0.44
0.44
0.56
0.62
0.67
0.80
0.73
0.89
0.91
1.16
0.96
1.25
1.02
1.34
6125
0.28
0.27
0.44
0.43
0.55
0.61
0.66
0.78
0.72
0.87
0.89
1.13
0.94
1.22
1.00
1.31
6250
0.27
0.27
0.43
0.42
0.54
0.60
0.65
0.77
0.71
0.85
0.87
1.11
0.93
1.20
0.98
1.28
6375
0.27
0.26
0.42
0.42
0.53
0.59
0.64
0.76
0.69
0.84
0.86
1.09
0.91
1.18
0.96
1.26
6500
0.26
0.26
0.42
0.41
0.52
0.58
0.63
0.74
0.68
0.83
0.84
1.08
0.90
1.16
0.95
1.24
6625
0.26
0.26
0.41
0.41
0.52
0.57
0.62
0.73
0.67
0.82
0.83
1.06
0.88
1.14
0.94
1.23
6750
0.26
0.26
0.41
0.41
0.51
0.57
0.61
0.73
0.67
0.81
0.82
1.05
0.88
1.13
0.93
1.21
6875
0.26
0.25
0.40
0.40
0.51
0.56
0.61
0.72
0.66
0.80
0.82
1.04
0.87
1.12
0.92
1.20
7000
0.25
0.25
0.40
0.40
0.51
0.56
0.61
0.72
0.66
0.80
0.82
1.04
0.87
1.12
0.92
1.20
7125
0.25
0.25
0.40
0.40
0.51
0.56
0.61
0.72
0.66
0.80
0.81
1.04
0.87
1.12
0.92
1.20
7250
0.25
0.25
0.40
0.40
0.50
0.56
0.61
0.72
0.66
0.80
0.81
1.04
0.86
1.12
0.92
1.20
7375
0.25
0.25
0.40
0.40
0.50
0.56
0.61
0.72
0.66
0.80
0.81
1.04
0.86
1.12
0.92
1.20
7500
0.25
0.25
0.40
0.40
0.50
0.56
0.61
0.72
0.66
0.80
0.81
1.04
0.86
1.12
0.92
1.20
ASM2525 and ASM5015 Carbon Monoxide (%CO) Table
							 (cont.)
Column Number - ->
29
29
30
30
31
31
32
32
33
33
34
34
Vehicle ETW
5015
2525
5015
2525
5015
2525
5015
2525
5015
2525
5015
2525
1750
3.54
4.85
3.92
5.45
4.31
6.06
5.07
7.26
5.26
7.44
8.02
9.90
1875
3.34
4.57
3.70
5.14
4.06
5.70
4.78
6.84
4.96
7.05
7.56
9.90
2000
3.16
4.31
3.49
4.85
3.83
5.38
4.51
6.45
4.68
6.68
7.14
9.90
2125
2.99
4.08
3.31
4.58
3.63
5.09
4.26
6.10
4.43
6.34
6.75
9.66
2250
2.83
3.86
3.13
4.34
3.44
4.82
4.04
5.78
4.20
6.00
6.40
9.14
2375
2.69
3.66
2.98
4.12
3.26
4.57
3.83
5.48
3.98
5.69
6.07
8.67
2500
2.56
3.48
2.83
3.91
3.10
4.35
3.65
5.21
3.79
5.41
5.78
8.25
2625
2.44
3.32
2.70
3.73
2.96
4.14
3.48
4.96
3.61
5.15
5.51
7.85
2750
2.33
3.17
2.58
3.56
2.83
3.95
3.32
4.73
3.45
4.92
5.26
7.50
2875
2.23
3.03
2.47
3.41
2.71
3.78
3.18
4.53
3.30
4.70
5.03
7.17
3000
2.14
2.91
2.37
3.27
2.60
3.62
3.05
4.34
3.17
4.51
4.83
6.87
3125
2.06
2.79
2.28
3.14
2.50
3.48
2.93
4.17
3.04
4.33
4.64
6.60
3250
1.99
2.69
2.20
3.02
2.40
3.35
2.82
4.01
2.93
4.17
4.47
6.35
3375
1.92
2.60
2.12
2.91
2.32
3.23
2.72
3.87
2.83
4.02
4.31
6.13
3500
1.86
2.51
2.05
2.82
2.24
3.12
2.63
3.74
2.73
3.88
4.17
5.92
3625
1.80
2.43
1.99
2.73
2.17
3.02
2.55
3.62
2.65
3.76
4.04
5.73
3750
1.74
2.36
1.93
2.64
2.11
2.93
2.47
3.51
2.57
3.64
3.91
5.55
3875
1.69
2.29
1.87
2.57
2.05
2.85
2.40
3.40
2.49
3.54
3.80
5.39
4000
1.65
2.22
1.82
2.49
1.99
2.77
2.33
3.31
2.43
3.44
3.70
5.24
4125
1.61
2.16
1.77
2.43
1.94
2.69
2.27
3.22
2.36
3.34
3.60
5.09
4250
1.56
2.11
1.73
2.36
1.89
2.62
2.21
3.13
2.30
3.25
3.51
4.96
4375
1.53
2.06
1.68
2.31
1.84
2.55
2.16
3.05
2.24
3.17
3.42
4.83
4500
1.49
2.01
1.64
2.25
1.80
2.49
2.11
2.98
2.19
3.09
3.34
4.71
4625
1.46
1.96
1.61
2.19
1.76
2.43
2.06
2.90
2.14
3.02
3.26
4.60
4750
1.42
1.91
1.57
2.14
1.72
2.37
2.01
2.83
2.09
2.95
3.18
4.49
4875
1.39
1.87
1.53
2.09
1.68
2.32
1.96
2.77
2.04
2.87
3.11
4.38
5000
1.36
1.82
1.50
2.04
1.64
2.26
1.92
2.70
1.99
2.81
3.03
4.28
5125
1.33
1.78
1.46
2.00
1.60
2.21
1.87
2.64
1.95
2.74
2.97
4.18
5250
1.30
1.74
1.43
1.95
1.56
2.16
1.83
2.58
1.90
2.68
2.90
4.08
5375
1.27
1.70
1.40
1.90
1.53
2.11
1.79
2.51
1.86
2.61
2.83
3.98
5500
1.24
1.66
1.37
1.86
1.49
2.06
1.75
2.46
1.82
2.55
2.77
3.89
5625
1.21
1.62
1.34
1.82
1.46
2.01
1.71
2.40
1.77
2.49
2.70
3.80
5750
1.19
1.59
1.31
1.78
1.43
1.96
1.67
2.34
1.74
2.43
2.64
3.71
5875
1.16
1.55
1.28
1.74
1.40
1.92
1.63
2.29
1.70
2.38
2.59
3.62
6000
1.14
1.52
1.25
1.70
1.37
1.88
1.60
2.24
1.66
2.33
2.53
3.54
6125
1.11
1.49
1.23
1.66
1.34
1.84
1.57
2.19
1.63
2.28
2.48
3.47
6250
1.09
1.46
1.20
1.63
1.31
1.80
1.54
2.15
1.60
2.23
2.43
3.40
6375
1.07
1.43
1.18
1.60
1.29
1.77
1.51
2.11
1.57
2.19
2.39
3.34
6500
1.06
1.41
1.16
1.57
1.27
1.74
1.48
2.07
1.54
2.15
2.35
3.28
6625
1.04
1.39
1.15
1.55
1.25
1.72
1.46
2.04
1.52
2.12
2.32
3.23
6750
1.03
1.37
1.14
1.54
1.24
1.70
1.45
2.02
1.50
2.10
2.29
3.20
6875
1.02
1.36
1.13
1.52
1.23
1.68
1.44
2.00
1.49
2.08
2.28
3.17
7000
1.02
1.36
1.12
1.52
1.23
1.68
1.43
2.00
1.49
2.08
2.27
3.17
7125
1.02
1.36
1.12
1.52
1.22
1.68
1.43
2.00
1.49
2.08
2.27
3.17
7250
1.02
1.36
1.12
1.52
1.22
1.68
1.43
2.00
1.49
2.08
2.27
3.17
7375
1.02
1.36
1.12
1.52
1.22
1.68
1.43
2.00
1.49
2.08
2.27
3.17
7500
1.02
1.36
1.12
1.52
1.22
1.68
1.43
2.00
1.49
2.08
2.27
3.17
(iii) ASM2525 and ASM5015 Nitric Oxide (PPM NO) Table
Column Number - ->
41
41
42
42
43
43
44
44
45
45
46
46
47
47
48
48
Vehicle ETW
5015
2525
5015
2525
5015
2525
5015
2525
5015
2525
5015
2525
5015
2525
5015
2525
1750
1212
1095
1819
1642
2272
2114
2725
2587
3178
3060
3631
3532
4084
4005
4990
4950
1875
1142
1031
1713
1547
2181
1991
2649
2435
3117
2879
3586
3323
4054
3767
4990
4655
2000
1077
973
1616
1460
2058
1877
2499
2295
2941
2713
3383
3131
3824
3548
4707
4384
2125
1018
920
1527
1380
1944
1774
2360
2167
2776
2561
3192
2955
3609
3348
4441
4136
2250
964
871
1446
1307
1839
1678
2232
2050
2625
2422
3018
2794
3411
3165
4197
3909
2375
915
827
1372
1240
1744
1592
2115
1943
2487
2295
2859
2646
3231
2998
3974
3701
2500
869
786
1304
1179
1657
1512
2009
1845
2361
2179
2714
2512
3066
2845
3771
3512
2625
828
749
1242
1123
1577
1440
1912
1756
2246
2073
2581
2389
2916
2706
3585
3339
2750
791
715
1186
1072
1504
1374
1823
1675
2142
1976
2460
2277
2779
2579
3416
3181
2875
756
684
1134
1026
1438
1313
1742
1601
2046
1888
2350
2175
2654
2463
3261
3037
3000
725
656
1088
984
1378
1258
1668
1533
1959
1808
2249
2082
2539
2357
3120
2906
3125
696
630
1045
945
1323
1208
1601
1471
1879
1734
2157
1997
2435
2260
2992
2787
3250
670
607
1006
910
1273
1163
1539
1415
1806
1667
2073
1920
2340
2172
2874
2677
3375
647
585
970
878
1227
1121
1483
1363
1740
1606
1997
1849
2253
2092
2767
2577
3500
625
566
937
848
1184
1082
1432
1316
1679
1550
1926
1784
2174
2018
2668
2486
3625
605
547
907
821
1146
1047
1384
1273
1623
1498
1862
1724
2100
1950
2578
2401
3750
586
531
879
796
1110
1014
1340
1233
1571
1451
1802
1669
2033
1887
2494
2323
3875
569
515
853
773
1077
984
1300
1195
1523
1407
1747
1618
1970
1829
2417
2251
4000
553
501
829
751
1046
956
1262
1161
1479
1365
1695
1570
1912
1775
2345
2184
4125
538
487
807
731
1017
930
1227
1128
1437
1327
1647
1526
1857
1724
2277
2122
4250
524
475
786
712
990
905
1194
1098
1398
1291
1602
1484
1806
1677
2214
2063
4375
510
463
766
694
964
882
1162
1069
1360
1257
1559
1444
1757
1632
2154
2007
4500
498
451
747
677
939
859
1132
1042
1325
1224
1518
1406
1711
1589
2096
1953
4625
486
440
728
661
916
838
1104
1015
1291
1193
1479
1370
1666
1548
2042
1903
4750
474
430
711
645
893
818
1076
990
1259
1163
1441
1336
1624
1508
1989
1854
4875
463
420
694
630
872
798
1049
966
1227
1134
1405
1302
1583
1470
1938
1806
5000
452
410
677
615
850
778
1023
942
1196
1106
1369
1269
1542
1433
1889
1760
5125
441
400
661
600
830
760
998
919
1167
1078
1335
1237
1503
1397
1840
1715
5250
431
391
646
586
810
741
974
896
1138
1051
1301
1206
1465
1362
1793
1672
5375
420
382
631
573
790
723
950
874
1109
1025
1269
1176
1428
1327
1747
1629
5500
410
373
616
559
771
706
926
853
1082
1000
1237
1147
1392
1294
1703
1587
5625
401
364
601
546
752
689
904
832
1055
975
1206
1118
1357
1261
1659
1547
5750
391
356
587
534
734
673
882
812
1029
951
1176
1090
1323
1230
1617
1508
5875
383
348
574
522
717
657
860
793
1004
928
1147
1064
1290
1199
1577
1471
6000
374
340
561
510
701
642
840
774
980
906
1120
1039
1259
1171
1539
1435
6125
366
333
549
499
685
628
822
757
958
886
1094
1015
1230
1144
1503
1401
6250
359
326
538
489
671
615
804
741
937
867
1070
993
1203
1119
1469
1371
6375
352
320
528
480
658
604
788
727
919
850
1049
973
1179
1096
1439
1343
6500
346
315
519
473
647
593
775
714
902
835
1030
956
1158
1077
1413
1318
6625
341
311
512
466
638
585
763
704
889
823
1014
941
1140
1060
1391
1298
6750
338
307
507
461
631
578
755
696
879
813
1003
931
1127
1048
1374
1283
6875
335
305
503
458
626
574
749
691
872
807
995
924
1118
1040
1364
1273
7000
335
305
502
457
624
573
747
689
870
805
992
921
1115
1037
1360
1269
7125
335
305
502
457
625
573
747
689
870
805
992
921
1115
1037
1360
1269
7250
335
305
502
457
625
573
747
689
870
805
992
921
1115
1037
1360
1269
7375
335
305
502
457
625
573
747
689
870
805
992
921
1115
1037
1360
1269
7500
335
305
502
457
625
573
747
689
870
805
992
921
1115
1037
1360
1269
ASM2525 and ASM5015 Nitric Oxide (PPM NO) Table
							 (cont.)
Column Number - -
49
49
50
50
51
51
Vehicle
									 ETW
5015
2525
5015
2525
5015
2525
1750
4990
4960
4990
4980
4990
4990
1875
4990
4738
4990
4906
4990
4990
2000
4778
4535
4919
4838
4990
4990
2125
4578
4349
4853
4776
4990
4990
2250
4395
4179
4792
4720
4990
4990
2375
4228
4024
4736
4668
4990
4990
2500
4076
3881
4685
4620
4990
4990
2625
3936
3752
4639
4577
4990
4990
2750
3809
3579
4596
4374
4990
4772
2875
3669
3417
4484
4176
4892
4556
3000
3510
3270
4290
3996
4680
4359
3125
3366
3135
4114
3832
4488
4180
3250
3234
3012
3952
3681
4311
4016
3375
3113
2899
3804
3544
4150
3866
3500
3002
2796
3669
3418
4002
3728
3625
2900
2701
3544
3302
3867
3602
3750
2806
2614
3429
3195
3741
3485
3875
2719
2533
3323
3096
3625
3377
4000
2638
2457
3224
3003
3517
3276
4125
2562
2387
3131
2917
3416
3182
4250
2490
2320
3044
2836
3321
3094
4375
2423
2258
2961
2759
3230
3010
4500
2359
2198
2883
2686
3145
2930
4625
2297
2140
2807
2616
3063
2854
4750
2238
2085
2735
2549
2983
2780
4875
2180
2032
2665
2483
2907
2709
5000
2125
1980
2597
2420
2833
2640
5125
2070
1930
2530
2359
2760
2573
5250
2017
1881
2466
2298
2690
2507
5375
1966
1833
2403
2240
2621
2443
5500
1916
1786
2341
2183
2554
2381
5625
1867
1740
2282
2127
2489
2321
5750
1820
1697
2224
2074
2426
2262
5875
1774
1654
2168
2022
2366
2206
6000
1731
1614
2116
1973
2308
2152
6125
1690
1577
2066
1927
2254
2102
6250
1653
1542
2020
1884
2204
2056
6375
1619
1510
1979
1846
2159
2014
6500
1590
1483
1943
1813
2119
1977
6625
1565
1460
1913
1785
2087
1947
6750
1546
1443
1890
1764
2062
1924
6875
1534
1432
1875
1750
2046
1909
7000
1530
1428
1870
1745
2040
1904
7125
1531
1428
1874
1745
2045
1904
7250
1531
1428
1874
1745
2045
1904
7375
1531
1428
1874
1745
2045
1904
7500
1531
1428
1874
1745
2045
1904
(b)
ASM Test Score
							 Calculation
(1) Exhaust gas measurement calculation.
(i) System response time
The analysis and recording of exhaust gas
							 concentrations shall begin 12 seconds after the applicable test mode begins, or
							 sooner if the system response time is less than 12 seconds. The analyzing and
							 recording of exhaust gas concentrations shall not begin sooner than the time
							 period equivalent to the response time of the slowest transducer.
(ii) Sample rate
Exhaust gas concentrations shall be analyzed at a
							 minimum rate of once per second.
(iii) Emission measurement calculations.
Partial stream (concentration) emissions shall be
							 calculated based on a running 10-second average. The values used for HC(J),
							 CO(J), and NO(J) are the raw (uncorrected) tailpipe concentrations.
Click to view
							 image
(c)
(iv) Dilution correction factor.
The analyzer software shall multiply the raw
							 emissions values by the dilution correction factor (DCF) during any valid ASM
							 emissions test. The DCF accounts for exhaust sample dilution (either
							 intentional or unintentional) during an emissions test. The analyzer software
							 shall calculate the DCF using the following procedure, and shall select the
							 appropriate vehicle fuel formula. If the calculated DCF exceeds 3.0 then a
							 default value of 3.0 shall be used.
(a)
Click to view
							 image
Where
							 [CO2]MEASURED and
							 [CO]MEASURED are the instantaneous ASM emissions test
							 readings.
(b) Calculate
							 [CO2]adjusted using the following
							 formulas.
(1) For gasoline:
Click to view
							 image
(2) For Methanol or Ethanol:
Click to view
							 image
(3) For Compressed Natural Gas (CNG):
Click to view
							 image
(4) For Liquid Propane Gas (LPG):
Click to view
							 image
(c) Calculate the DCF using the following
							 formula.
Click to view
							 image
(v) Kh = No humidity correction factor.
(a)
Click to view
							 image
(b) H = Absolute humidity in grains of water per
							 pound of dry air.
Click to view
							 image
(c) RA = Relative humidity of the ambient air
							 percent.
(d) PD = Saturated vapor pressure, MM HG at the
							 ambient dry bulb temperature. If the temperature is above 86°F, then it
							 shall be used in lieu of the higher temperature, until EPA supplies final
							 correction factors.
(e) PB = Barometric pressure,
							 MM HG.
(2) Pass/fail determination.
A pass or fail determination shall be made for each
							 applicable test mode based on a comparison of the applicable short test
							 standards and the measured value for HC, CO, and NO as described in Paragraph
							 (b)(1)(iii) of this section. A vehicle shall pass the test mode if the emission
							 values for HC, CO, and NO are simultaneously below or equal to the applicable
							 short test standards for all three pollutants. A vehicle shall fail the test
							 mode if the values for HC, CO, or NO, or any combination of the three, are
							 above the applicable standards at the expiration of the test time.
§ 2. ASM short test
							 procedure.
(a)
General requirements
(1) Vehicle characterization.
(i) Vehicle type: LDGV, LDGT1, LDGT2, HDGT, and
							 others as needed;
(ii) Chassis model year;
(iii) Make;
(iv) Model;
(v) Number of cylinders;
(vi) Cubic inch or liters displacement of the
							 engine;
(vii) Transmission type; and
(viii) Equivalent test weight.
(2) Ambient conditions.
The ambient temperature, relative humidity and
							 barometric pressure shall be recorded continuously during the test cycle or as
							 a single set of readings up to 4 minutes before the start of the driving
							 cycle.
(3) Restart.
If shut off, the vehicle shall be restarted as soon
							 as possible before the test and shall be running at least 30 seconds prior to
							 the start of the ASM driving cycle.
(4) Void test conditions.
The test shall immediately end and any exhaust gas
							 measurements shall be voided if the instantaneous measured concentration of CO
							 plus CO2 falls below 6% or the vehicle's engine stalls
							 at any time during the test sequence.
(5) Test time limit.
The test shall be aborted or terminated upon reaching
							 the overall maximum test time.
(b)
Pre-inspection and preparation.
(1) Accessories.
All accessories (air conditioning, heat, defogger,
							 radio, automatic traction control if switchable, and the like) shall be turned
							 off (if necessary, by the inspector).
(2) Exhaust leaks.
The vehicle shall be inspected for exhaust leaks by
							 test personnel. Audio assessment while blocking exhaust flow shall be
							 acceptable. Vehicles with leaking exhaust systems shall be rejected from
							 testing.
(3) Fluid leaks.
Vehicles with excessive leaking engine oil,
							 transmission fluid or coolant shall be rejected from testing.
(4) Mechanical condition.
Vehicles with obvious mechanical problems (engine,
							 transmission, brakes or exhaust) that either create a safety hazard or could
							 bias test results shall be rejected from testing.
(5) Operating temperature.
The vehicle shall be at proper operating temperature
							 prior to the start of the test. The vehicle temperature gauge, if equipped and
							 operating, shall be checked to assess temperature. Vehicles in overheated
							 condition shall be rejected from testing.
(6) Tire condition.
Vehicles shall be rejected from testing if tread
							 indicators, tire cords, bubbles, cuts or other damage are visible. Vehicles
							 shall be rejected from testing if they have space-saver spare tires or if they
							 do not have reasonably sized tires on the drive axle or axles. Vehicles may be
							 rejected if they have different sized tires on the drive axle or axles. In
							 test-and-repair facilities, drive wheel tires shall be checked with a gauge for
							 adequate tire pressure. In test-only facilities, drive wheel tires shall be
							 visually checked for adequate pressure level. Drive wheel tires that appear low
							 shall be inflated to approximately 30 PSI, or to tire side wall pressure, or
							 vehicle manufacturer's recommendation. Alternatively, vehicles with apparent
							 low tire pressure may be rejected from testing.
(7) Emission sample system purge/hang-up.
While a lane is in operation, the sample system shall
							 be continuously purged after each test for at least 15 minutes if not taking
							 measurements. If the HC reading, when the probe is sampling ambient air,
							 exceeds 7 PPM C6 on an instantaneous measure, testing shall be prohibited.
							 Testing may proceed after a determination is made that hang-up is less than 7
							 PPM C6 (that is, by eliminating the ambient background contribution to the
							 measurement).
(8) Roll rotation.
The vehicle shall be maneuvered onto the dynamometer
							 with the drive wheels positioned on the dynamometer rolls, prior to restraining
							 the vehicle and test initiation. The rolls shall be rotated until the vehicle
							 laterally stabilizes on the dynamometer. Vehicles that cannot be stabilized on
							 the dynamometer shall be rejected from testing. Drive wheel tires shall be
							 dried if necessary to prevent slippage.
(9) Cooling system.
When ambient temperatures exceed 72°F, testing
							 shall not begin until the cooling system is positioned and activated. The
							 cooling system blower shall be positioned to direct air to the vehicle cooling
							 system, but shall not be directed at the catalytic converter.
(10) Vehicle restraint.
Testing shall not begin until the vehicle is
							 restrained. Any restraint system shall meet the requirements of §
							 3(a)(5)(ii). In addition, the parking brake shall be set for front wheel drive
							 vehicles prior to the start of the test, unless parking brake functions on
							 front axle or if it is automatically disengaged when in gear.
(11) Dynamometer warm-up.
The dynamometer shall be in a warmed-up condition
							 prior to official testing and use shall be locked out until it is warmed up.
							 Dynamometers resting (not operated for at least 30 seconds and at least 15 mph)
							 for more than 30 minutes shall pass the coast-down check specified in §
							 4(b)(1) prior to use in testing. Control charts may be used to demonstrate the
							 need for less frequent warm- up.
Testing cannot occur below 41°F.
(12) Analyzer warm-up.
An emissions test shall not begin before the analyzer
							 has been adequately warmed up. Turning on the analyzer for a time period of at
							 least 4 times the period of time required to reach stability as demonstrated in
							 the equipment certification (see § 7) shall constitute "warmed-up."
(c)
Test sequence.
(1) The test sequence shall consist of a single ASM
							 mode described in § 2(d) of this subpart. Vehicles that fail the first
							 chance test as described in § 2(d) of this subpart shall receive a second
							 chance test under § 2(e) of this subpart. The second chance test shall
							 consist of a repetition of the mode or modes that were failed in the first
							 chance test according to the conditions in § 2(e) of this subpart.
(2) The test sequence shall begin only after the
							 following requirements are met:
(i) Load setting.
Prior to each mode, the system shall automatically
							 select the load setting of the dynamometer from a supplied look-up
							 table.
(ii) Accessories.
The vehicle shall be tested in as-received condition
							 with all accessories turned off. The engine shall be at normal operating
							 temperature.
(iii) Gear selection.
The vehicle shall be operated during each mode of the
							 test with the gear selector in drive for automatic transmissions and in second
							 (or third if more appropriate) for manual transmissions for the loaded modes.
							 Engine RPM shall be measured per § 3(d)(6).
(iv) Sample probe.
The sample probe shall be inserted into the vehicle's
							 tailpipe to a minimum depth of 10 inches. If the vehicle's exhaust system
							 prevents insertion to this depth, a tailpipe extension shall be used.
(v) Multiple exhaust pipes.
Exhaust gas concentrations from vehicle engines
							 equipped with functionally independent multiple exhaust pipes shall be sampled
							 simultaneously.
(vi) Automatic gas zero.
The analyzer shall conduct an automatic zero
							 adjustment using the zero gas specified in § 4(d)(iii).
(vii) Automatic zero adjustment.
The zero adjustment shall include HC, CO,
							 CO2 and NO channels.
(viii) Ambient air and HC hang-up determination.
The analyzer shall perform the automatic zeroing,
							 O2 calibration (if included) and ambient air reading,
							 followed by an HC hang-up check. This process shall begin after initiation of
							 data entry into the analyzer computer. The analyzer shall be locked out from
							 testing until:
(1) the ambient air (sampled through the probe) has
							 less than 15 PPM HC and
(2) the residual HC in the sampling system (probe
							 sample-port sample) is less than 7 PPM.
(ix) Engine speed.
For 1996 and newer vehicles equipped with Federal OBD
							 systems or California OBD II systems, engine speed in RPM may be monitored by
							 the standardized plug throughout the test. RPM readings shall be recorded on a
							 second-by-second basis. In test-and-repair stations, engine speed shall also be
							 monitored on all pre-1996 vehicles and recorded in the test record. For
							 vehicles that are not equipped for OBD measurement, an alternative means of
							 measuring engine speed (RPM) shall be provided.
(d)
Overall test procedure.
The test timer shall start (TT=0) when the conditions
							 specified in paragraph (c)(2) are met. The dynamometer rolls reach 1.0 MPH due
							 to the test vehicle's initial acceleration for testing purposes, and the mode
							 timer initiates as specified in paragraph (d)(2). The test sequence shall have
							 an overall maximum test time of 290 seconds (TT-290). The test shall be
							 immediately terminated or aborted upon reaching the overall maximum test time.
							 The test mode in § 2(d)(3) may precede the test mode in §
							 2(d)(2).
(1) Preconditioning cycle.
Vehicle preconditioning shall be performed prior to
							 start of an official test. The preconditioning cycle must be approved by the
							 Department. A state may waive the preconditioning requirement if it ensures
							 that all vehicles are adequately warmed up prior to taking the final emissions
							 measurements as described at § 1(b)(iii). The following preconditioning
							 cycle is approved:
(i) The preconditioning timer shall start once the
							 dynamometer has reached a speed of 15 or 25 mph (PT=0), consistent with the
							 speed of the first test mode. The vehicle will continue to be operated for a
							 maximum of 30 seconds at this speed within ±5 MPH and within ±10%
							 of the wheel force tolerance specified in § 2(d)(2). The duration of the
							 preconditioning cycle may be adjusted if a Department determines through the
							 use of statistical process control methods that an alternative preconditioning
							 cycle duration is adequate to ensure that vehicles are fully warmed up prior to
							 testing. If the speed or wheel force fall above or below the tolerance, the
							 preconditioning timer will reset to zero. Preconditioning time shall not be
							 included in the overall maximum test time.
(2) ASM5015 mode.
(i) Mode timer.
The mode timer shall start (MT=0) when the
							 dynamometer speed (and corresponding wheel force) are maintained within
							 15±1.0 miles per hour for 5 continuous seconds. If the inertia
							 simulation exceeds the tolerance specified in § 3(a)(4)(ii)(b) for more
							 than 5 consecutive seconds after the mode timer is started, the test mode timer
							 shall be set to TT=0. If this happens a second time, the test shall be aborted.
							 The dynamometer shall apply the correct wheel force based on the required ASM
							 horsepower load at 15 mph across the testing speed window (15±1.0 miles
							 per hour) (that is, constant load over the speed range). The wheel force torque
							 tolerance shall be ±5% of the correct wheel force at 15 MPH.
(ii) Look-up table.
The dynamometer power shall be automatically selected
							 from an EPA-supplied or EPA-approved look-up table, based upon the vehicle
							 identification information described in § 2(a)(1). Vehicles not listed in
							 the look-up table and for which ETW is not available shall be tested using the
							 following default settings:
Number of Cylinders Vehicle
									 type
Default ASM5015 actual horsepower
									 settings for 8.6" dynamometers HP5015 8
3
4
5 & 6
8
>8
Sedans
7.9
11.4
13.8
16.4
16.0
Station wagons
8.1
11.7
13.8
16.1
16.1
Mini-vans
10.2
14.1
15.8
17.9
18.2
Pickup trucks
9.6
13.1
16.4
19.2
21.1
Sport/utility
10.1
13.4
15.5
19.4
21.1
Full
									 vans
10.3
13.9
17.7
19.6
20.5
Number of Cylinders
									 Vehicle type
Default ASM5015 actual
									 horsepower settings for 20" dynamometers HP5015
									 20
3
4
5 & 6
8
>8
Sedans
8.1
11.8
14.3
16.9
16.6
Station wagons
8.3
12.1
14.2
16.6
16.6
Mini-vans
10.4
14.5
16.3
18.5
18.7
Pickup trucks
9.8
13.4
16.8
19.8
21.7
Sport/utility
10.5
13.8
15.9
19.9
21.7
Full
									 vans
10.8
14.4
18.2
20.2
21.1
If the dynamometer speed or wheel force falls outside
							 the speed or wheel force tolerance for more than 2 consecutive seconds, or for
							 more than 5 seconds total, the mode timer shall reset to zero and resume
							 timing. The minimum mode length shall be determined as described in paragraph
							 (d)(2)(iii). The maximum mode length shall be equal to 90 seconds elapsed time
							 (MT = 90).
If the speed at the end of the 10 second period is
							 more than 0.5 mph less (absolute drop, not cumulative) than the speed at the
							 start of the 10 second period, testing shall continue until the speed
							 stabilizes enough to meet this criterion.
(iii) Pass/fail determination.
The pass/fail analysis shall begin after an elapsed
							 time of 22 seconds (MT = 22. A pass or fail determination shall be made for the
							 vehicle and the mode shall be terminated as follows:
(a) The vehicle shall pass the ASM5015 mode and the
							 mode shall be immediately terminated if, at any point between an elapsed time
							 of 22 seconds (MT = 22) and 90 seconds (MT = 90), the 10 second running average
							 measured values for each pollutant are simultaneously less than or equal to the
							 applicable test standards described in paragraph (a).
(b) The vehicle shall fail the ASM5015 mode and the
							 mode shall be terminated if paragraph (d)(2)(iii)(a) is not satisfied by an
							 elapsed time of 90 seconds (MT = 90).
(iv) If ASM5015 is the first test mode, upon
							 termination of the ASM5015 mode, the vehicle shall immediately begin
							 accelerating to the speed required for the ASM2525 mode, if applicable. The
							 dynamometer shall smoothly transition during the acceleration period and shall
							 automatically reset to the load required for the ASM 2525 mode, if applicable,
							 once the roll speed is achieved.
(e)
Second chance tests.
If a vehicle fails the 5015 test mode and completes
							 all required test modes with emissions values for HC, CO and NO not greater
							 than 150% of the applicable standard, the vehicle shall receive a second chance
							 test for each failed test mode.
(1) If the vehicle fails the first-chance test, the
							 test timer shall reset to zero (TT=0) and a second-chance test shall be
							 performed, except as noted below. The second-chance test shall have an overall
							 maximum test time of 110 seconds (TT=110) if one mode is repeated.
NOTE: Maximum mode time: 90 sec.
+Maximum transition: 15 sec.
+DYNE stabilization: 5 sec.
110 sec.
12 sec. transport and 10 sec. averaging are included
							 in the mode time as in the initial test.
(2) Repetition of failed modes for single mode ASM
							 tests.
(i) If the vehicle is failing at the end of the mode,
							 then the test mode shall not end at 90 seconds but shall continue for up to 180
							 seconds.
§ 3. ASM short test
							 equipment.
(a)
Dynamometer specifications.
(1) General requirements
(i) Capacity
The dynamometer structure (for example, bearings,
							 rollers, pit plates, and the like) shall accommodate all light-duty vehicles
							 and light-duty trucks up to 9,000 pounds GVWR.
(ii) ASM load
Dynamometer ASM load horsepower
							 (HP5015YY) shall be automatically selected based on the
							 vehicle parameters in the test record.
(iii) Alternative design
Alternative dynamometer specification or designs may
							 be allowed upon a determination by the Department that, for the purpose of
							 properly conducting an approved short test, the evidence supporting these
							 deviations will not cause improper vehicle loading.
(2) Power absorption.
(i) Vehicle loading.
The vehicle loading used during the ASM driving
							 cycles shall follow the equation in paragraph (a)(2)(ii) of this section at 15.
							 Unless otherwise noted, any horsepower displayed during testing shall be
							 HP5015YY.
(ii) HP calculation
IHPXXXXYY =
							 THPXXXX-PLHPZZ-YY -GTRL@ZZ
							 MPH-YY- HPXXXXYY =
							 IHPXXXXYY + PLHPZZ-YY
(iii) Range of power absorber.
The range of the power absorber shall be sufficient
							 to test all light-duty vehicles and light-duty trucks up to 9,000 pounds GVWR,
							 using both the ASM5015 and ASM2525. The absorption shall be adjustable in 0.1
							 hp increments at both 15 mph and 25 mph.
(iv) Parasitic losses.
The parasitic losses (PLHP) in each dynamometer
							 system (such as windage, bearing friction and system drive friction) shall be
							 characterized at 25 and 15 mph upon initial acceptance, and during each
							 dynamometer calibration if required.
(v) Power absorber.
Only electric power absorbers shall be used unless
							 alternatives are approved by the Department.
(vi) Power absorber accuracy.
The accuracy of the power absorber shall be 6.25
							 pounds of wheel force at 15 mph and 3.75 pounds of wheel force at 25 mph or
							 ±2% of required wheel force, whichever is greater, in direction of
							 rotation.
(3) Rolls
(i) Size and type.
The dynamometer shall be equipped with twin rolls.
							 The rolls shall be coupled side-to-side. In addition, the front and rear rolls
							 shall be coupled. The dynamometer roll diameter shall be between 8.5 and 21.0
							 inches. The spacing between the roll centers shall comply with the equation in
							 paragraph (a)(3)(ii) to within 0.5 inch and -0.25 inch of the calculated value.
							 The parasitic power losses shall be determined as indicated in §
							 4(b)(1)(iv). Fixed dynamometer rolls shall have an inside track width of no
							 more than 30 inches and outside track width of at least 100 inches. Rolls
							 moveable from side-to-side may be used if adequate measures are taken to
							 prevent tire damage from lateral vehicle movement and the dynamometer
							 sufficiently accommodates track widths of the full range of vehicles to be
							 tested on the dynamometer. Alternative coupling methods, track widths, roll
							 sizes and number of rolls may be used if approved by the Department and the
							 Environmental Protection Agency and if adequate measures are taken to prevent
							 tire damage from lateral vehicle movement and the dynamometer sufficiently
							 accommodates track widths of the full range of vehicles to be tested on the
							 dynamometer. General tire roll interface losses must be determined for
							 alternative roll sizes, configurations and spacing.
(ii) Roll spacing
Roll spacing = (24.375+D) *SIN 31.5153
D = Dynamometer roll diameter.
Roll spacing and roll diameter are expressed in
							 inches.
(iii) Design.
The roll size, surface finish and hardness shall be
							 such that tire slippage is minimized under all weather conditions; that water
							 removal is maximized; that the specified accuracy of the distance and speed
							 measurements are maintained; and that tire wear and noise are minimized.
(4) Inertia.
The dynamometer shall have a total test inertia
							 weight of 2,000 pounds ±40 pounds. Any deviation from the 2,000 pound
							 base inertia shall be quantified and the coast-down time shall be corrected
							 accordingly. Any deviation from the stated inertia shall be quantified and the
							 inertia simulation shall be corrected accordingly.
(i) Mechanical inertia.
Dynamometers shall be equipped with additional
							 flywheel weights or diagnostic level inertia simulation, for transient
							 simulations of up to +3.3 mph/s acceleration at 500 pound increments of
							 mechanical inertia weight or 1 pound increments of electrically simulated
							 positive inertia, to a total of 5,500 pounds up to speeds of 57 mph with a
							 minimum load (power) of 25 horsepower at 14 mph over the inertia weight range
							 of 2,000 to 6,000 pounds. A deviation from the stated inertia shall be
							 quantified and the inertia simulation shall be corrected accordingly.
							 Mechanical or electrical inertia simulation, or a combination of both, may be
							 used, subject to review and approval.
(ii) Electrical inertia simulation.
Electrical inertia simulation, or a combination of
							 electrical and mechanical simulation may be used in lieu of mechanical
							 flywheels, provided that the performance of the electrically simulated inertia
							 complies with the following specifications. Exceptions to these specifications
							 may be allowed upon a determination by the Department that the exceptions would
							 not significantly increase vehicle loading or emissions for the purpose of
							 properly conducting an approved short test.
(a) System response. The torque response to a step
							 change shall be at least 90% of the requested change within 300 milliseconds
							 after a step change is commanded by the dynamometer control system, and shall
							 be within 2% of the commanded torque by 300 milliseconds after the command is
							 issued. Any overshoot of the commanded torque value shall not exceed 25% of the
							 torque value.
(b) Simulation error. An inertia simulation error
							 (ISE) shall be continuously calculated any time the actual dynamometer speed is
							 between 10 mph and 60 mph. The ISE shall be calculated by the equation in
							 § 3(a)(4)(ii)(c), and shall not exceed 3% of the inertia weight selected
							 (IWS) for the vehicle under test.
(c) ISE =
							 [(IWS-IT)/(IVS)]
							 * 100
(d)
Click to view
							 image
Where:
IT = Total inertia being
							 simulated by the dynamometer (kg)
IT (LB force) =
							 IT(KG) * 2.2046
IM = Base (mechanical inertia
							 of the dynamometer (kg)
V = Measured roll speed (M/S)
FM = Force measured by the
							 load cell (translated to the roll surface) (N)
FRL = Road load force (N)
							 required by IHPXXXXYY at the measured roll speed
							 (v)
T = Time (sec)
(5) Other requirements.
(i) Vehicle speed and speed response.
The measurement of roll speed shall be accurate
							 within 0.1 mph between speeds of 10 and 30 mph. The dynamometer controller
							 shall be able to detect and resolve speed variations in less than 500
							 milliseconds to 0.10 mph/sec accuracy.
(ii) Vehicle restraint.
The vehicle shall be restrained during the ASM
							 driving cycle. The restraint system shall be designed to insure that vertical
							 and horizontal force on the drive wheels does not significantly affect emission
							 levels. The restraint system shall allow unobstructed vehicle ingress and
							 egress and shall be capable of safely restraining the vehicle under all
							 reasonable operating conditions.
(iii) Vehicle cooling.
The test operator shall prevent overheating of the
							 vehicle. The test shall be conducted with the hood open when the ambient
							 temperature exceeds 72°F. The cooling method used shall direct air to the
							 test vehicle's cooling system. The cooling system capacity shall be at least
							 3,000 SCFM within 12 inches of the intake to the vehicle's cooling system. The
							 cooling system shall avoid improper cooling of the catalytic converter.
(iv) All-wheel drive.
If used, four-wheel drive dynamometers shall insure
							 the application of correct vehicle loading as defined in paragraph (a)(2) and
							 shall not damage the four wheel drive system of the vehicle. Front and rear
							 wheel rolls shall be coupled and maintain speed synchronization within 0.2 mph.
							 The four wheel drive system shall be able to uncouple the rear roll set so as
							 to function as a two wheel drive system.
(v) Installation.
In all cases, installation must be performed so that
							 the test vehicle is approximately level (±5°) while on the
							 dynamometer during testing.
(b)
Emission sampling system
(1) Materials and design.
The sampling system shall be designed to insure
							 durable, leak free operation and be easily maintained. Materials that are in
							 contact with the gases sampled shall not contaminate or change the character of
							 the gases to be analyzed, including gases from vehicles not fueled by gasoline.
							 The system shall be designed to be corrosion-resistant and be able to withstand
							 typical vehicle exhaust temperatures when the vehicle is driven through the
							 ASM5015 test cycle for 290 seconds.
(2) Sampling system.
The sampling system shall draw exhaust gas from the
							 vehicle, shall remove particulate matter and aerosols from the sampled gas,
							 shall drain condensed water from the sample if necessary, and shall deliver the
							 resultant gas sample to the analyzers/sensors for analysis and then deliver the
							 analyzed sample outside the building. The sampling system shall, at a minimum,
							 consist of a tailpipe probe, flexible sample line, water removal system, a
							 particulate trap, sample pump and flow control components.
(3) Sample probe.
(i) Insertion.
The sample probe shall allow at least a 16 inch
							 insertion depth of the sample point into the vehicle's exhaust. In addition,
							 the probe shall be inserted at least 10 inches into the vehicle's exhaust. Use
							 of a tailpipe extension is permitted as long as the extension does not change
							 the exhaust back pressure by more than 1 inch of water pressure.
(ii) Retention.
The probe shall incorporate a positive means of
							 retention to prevent it from slipping out of the tailpipe during use.
(iii) Flexibility.
The probe shall be designed so that the tip extends
							 16 inches into the tailpipe. The probe tip shall be shielded so that debris is
							 not scooped up by the probe when it is inserted into the tailpipe.
(iv) Probe tip.
Probe tips shall be designed and constructed to
							 prevent sample dilution.
(v) Materials.
All materials in contact with exhaust gas prior to
							 and throughout the measurement portion of the system shall be unaffected by and
							 shall not affect the sample (that is, the materials shall not react with the
							 sample, and they shall not taint the sample). Acceptable materials include
							 stainless steel, teflon, silicon rubber and TEDLAR. Dissimilar metals with
							 thermal expansion factors of more than 5% shall not be used in either the
							 construction of probes or connectors. The sample probe shall be constructed of
							 stainless steel or other noncorrosive, nonreactive material which can withstand
							 exhaust gas temperatures at the probe tip of up to 1,100°F.
(vi) System hoses and connections.
Hoses and all other sample handling components must
							 be constructed of, or plated with a nonreactive, non-corrosive, high
							 temperature material which will not affect, or be affected by, the exhaust
							 constituents and tracer gases.
(vii) Dual exhaust.
The sample system shall provide for the testing of
							 dual exhaust equipped vehicles. When testing a vehicle with functional dual
							 exhaust pipes, a dual sample probe of a design certified by the analyzer
							 manufacturer to provide equal flow in each leg shall be used. The equal flow
							 requirement is considered to be met if the flow rate in each leg of the probe
							 has been measured under two sample pump flow rates (the normal rate and a rate
							 equal to the onset of low flow), and if the flow rates in each of the legs are
							 found to be equal to each other (within 15% of the flow rate in the leg having
							 lower flow).
(4) Particulate filter.
The particulate filter shall be capable of trapping
							 97% of all particulate and aerosols 5 microns or larger. The filter element
							 shall not absorb or adsorb hydrocarbons. The filter housing shall be
							 transparent or translucent to allow the operator to observe the filter elements
							 condition without removing the housing. The filter element shall be easily
							 replaceable and shall provide for reliable sealing after filter element
							 changes.
(5) Water trap.
The water trap shall be sized to remove exhaust
							 sample water from vehicles fueled with gasoline, propane, compressed natural
							 gas, reformulated gasoline, alcohol blends or neat, and oxygenated fuels. The
							 filter element, bowl and housing shall be inert to these fuels as well as to
							 the exhaust gases from vehicles burning these fuels. The condensed water shall
							 be continuously drained from the water trap's bowl. Sufficient water shall be
							 trapped, regardless of fuel, to prevent condensation in the sample system or in
							 the optical bench's sample cell.
(6) Low flow indication.
The analyzer shall be prevented from performing an
							 emissions test when the sample flow is below the acceptable level. The sampling
							 system shall be equipped with a flow meter (or equivalent) that shall indicate
							 sample flow degradation when measurement error exceeds 3% of the gas value used
							 for checking, or causes the system response time to exceed 13 seconds to 90% of
							 a step change in input (excluding no), whichever is less.
(7) Exhaust ventilation system.
The high quantities of vehicle emissions generated
							 during loaded mode testing shall be properly vented to prevent buildup of
							 hazardous concentrations of HC, CO, CO2 and
							 NOx. Sufficient ventilation shall be provided in the
							 station to maintain HC, CO, CO2 and no levels below OSHA
							 standards.
(i) Ventilation system.
The ventilation system shall discharge the vehicle
							 and analyzer exhaust outside the building.
(ii) Exhaust collection system.
The flow of the exhaust collection system shall not
							 cause dilution of the exhaust at the sample point in the probe.
(iii) Exhaust collection system flow.
The flow of the exhaust collection systems shall not
							 cause a change of more than 1.0 inch of water pressure in the vehicle's exhaust
							 system at the exhaust system outlet.
(c)
Analytical instruments.
(1) General requirements.
(i) Analyzers.
The analyzer system shall consist of analyzers for
							 HC, CO, NO and CO2. And digital displays for exhaust
							 concentrations of HC, CO, NO and CO2, and for vehicle
							 speed.
(ii) Alternative analytical equipment.
Alternative analytic equipment specification,
							 materials, designs or detection methods may be allowed upon a determination by
							 the Department and the Environmental Protection Agency, that for the purpose of
							 properly conducting an approved short test, the evidence supporting such
							 deviations will not significantly affect the proper measurement of
							 emissions.
(iii) Sample rate.
The analyzer shall be capable of measuring exhaust
							 concentrations of gases specified in this section at a minimum rate of once per
							 second.
(2) Performance requirements.
(i) Temperature operating range.
The analyzer system and all associated hardware shall
							 operate within the performance specifications described in § 2 of this
							 subpart at ambient air temperatures ranging from 41°F to 110°F.
							 Analyzers shall be designed so that adequate air flow is provided around
							 critical components to prevent overheating (and automatic shutdown) and to
							 prevent the condensation of water vapor which could reduce the reliability and
							 durability of the analyzer. The analyzer system shall otherwise include
							 necessary features to keep the sampling system within the specified
							 range.
(ii) Humidity operating range.
The analyzer system and all associated hardware shall
							 operate within the performance specifications described in § 2 of this
							 subpart at a minimum of 85% relative humidity throughout the required
							 temperature range.
(iii) Interference effects.
The interference effects for non-interest gases shall
							 not exceed ±4 ppm for hydrocarbons, ±0.02% for carbon monoxide,
							 ±0.20% for carbon dioxide, and ±20 ppm for nitric oxide when
							 using the procedure specified in § 4(d)(6)(iv). Corrections for collision
							 broadening effects of combined high CO and CO2
							 concentrations shall be taken into account in developing the factory
							 calibration curves, and are included in the accuracy specifications.
(iv) Barometric pressure compensation.
Barometric pressure compensation shall be provided.
							 Compensation shall be made for elevations up to 6,000 feet (above mean sea
							 level). At any given altitude and ambient conditions specified in (iv) and (v),
							 errors due to barometric pressure changes of ±2 inches of mercury shall
							 not exceed the accuracy limits specified in paragraph (2).
(v) System lockout during warm-up.
Functional operation of the gas sampling unit shall
							 remain disabled through a system lockout preventing the system from performing
							 emission tests until the instrument meets stability and warm-up requirements.
							 The instrument shall be considered "warmed up" when the zero and span readings
							 for HC, CO, NO, and CO2 have stabilized, within the
							 accuracy values specified in § 3(c)(3) for 5 minutes without adjustment.
							 Turning on the analyzer for a time period of at least 4 times the period of
							 time required to reach stability as demonstrated in the equipment certification
							 (see § 7) shall constitute "warmed-up."
(vi) Zero drift lockout.
If zero or span drift cause the optical bench signal
							 levels to move beyond the adjustment range of the analyzer, the system shall be
							 prevented from performing an emissions test.
(vii) Electromagnetic isolation and interference.
Electromagnetic signals found in an automotive
							 service environment shall not cause malfunctions or changes in the accuracy in
							 the electronics of the analyzer system. The instrument design shall ensure that
							 readings do not vary as a result of electromagnetic radiation and induction
							 devices normally found in the automotive service environment, including high
							 energy vehicle ignition systems, radio frequency transmission radiation
							 sources, and building electrical systems. Certification acceptance test is
							 described in §.
(viii) Vibration and shock protection.
System operation shall be unaffected by the vibration
							 and shock encountered under the normal operating conditions encountered in an
							 automotive service environment.
(ix) Propane equivalency factor.
The PEF range shall be between 0.470 and 0.560. For
							 each audit/calibration point, the nominal PEF shall be conveniently displayed
							 for the quality assurance inspector and other authorized personnel, in a manner
							 acceptable to the program. If an optical bench must be replaced in the field,
							 the manufacturer's field service representative (FSR) shall change any external
							 labels to correspond to the nominal PEF of the new bench. The analyzer shall
							 incorporate an algorithm relating PEF to HC concentration. Corrections shall be
							 made automatically.
(x) System response requirements.
The response time from the probe to the display for
							 HC, CO and CO2 analyzers shall not exceed 8 seconds for
							 90% of a step change in input. The response time for a step change in
							 O2 from 20.9% O2 to 0.1%
							 O2 shall be no longer than 40 seconds. For no analyzers,
							 the response time shall not exceed 12 seconds for 90% of a step change in
							 input. The response time for a step change in NO from a stabilized reading to
							 10% of that reading shall be no longer than 12 seconds.
(3) Detection methods, instrument ranges, accuracy
							 and repeatability.
(i) Hydrocarbon analysis.
Hydrocarbon (HC) analysis shall be determined by
							 nondispersive infrared (NDIR) analyzer. The analyzer shall cover at least the
							 range of 0 PPM HC to 2000 PPM HC, where PPM HC is parts per million of
							 hydrocarbon volume as hexane. The accuracy of the instrument between 1400 PPM
							 HC and 2000 PPM HC shall be at least 5.0% of point. The accuracy of the
							 instrument from 0-1400 PPM HC shall be ±4 PPM C6 or 3% of point,
							 whichever is greater. The calibration curve must comply with the quality
							 control specifications in § 4(d)(2) for calibration curve
							 verification.
(ii) Carbon monoxide analysis.
Carbon monoxide (CO) analysis shall be determined by
							 nondispersive infrared (NDIR) analyzer. The analyzer shall cover at least the
							 range of 0.00% CO to 9.99% CO, where % CO is % volume CO. The accuracy of the
							 instrument between 0.01% and 7.00% CO shall be ±3% or 0.02% CO,
							 whichever is greater. The accuracy of the instrument between 7.01% and 10.00%
							 shall be at least 5.0% of point. The calibration curve must comply with the
							 quality control specifications in § 4(d)(2) for calibration curve
							 generation.
(iii) Carbon dioxide analysis.
Carbon dioxide (CO2) analysis
							 shall be determined by nondispersive infrared (NDIR) analyzer. The analyzer
							 shall cover at least the range of 0.0% CO2 to 16.0%
							 CO2. The accuracy of the instrument between 0.01% and
							 16% CO2 shall be at least ±0.3%
							 CO2 or 3% of point which ever is greater. The accuracy
							 of the instrument between 16.01% and 18% shall be at least 5.0% of point. The
							 calibration curve must comply with the quality control specifications in §
							 4(d)(2) for calibration curve generation.
(iv) Nitric oxide analysis.
The analyzer shall cover at least the range of 0 PPM
							 NO to 5000 PPM NO, where PPM NO is parts per million nitric oxide. The accuracy
							 of the instrument between 0 and 4000 PPM shall be at least ±4.0% of
							 point or 25 PPM NO, whichever is greater. The accuracy of the instrument
							 between 4001 and 5000 PPM shall be ±5.0%. The calibration curve must
							 comply with the quality control specifications in § 4(d)(2) for
							 calibration curve generation.
(v) Oxygen analysis (optional).
If an oxygen analyzer is included, the analyzer shall
							 cover at least the range of 0.0% O2 to 25.0%
							 O2. The accuracy of the instrument over this range shall
							 be at least 5% of point or ±0.1% O2, whichever is
							 greater. The calibration curve must comply with the quality control
							 specifications in § 4(d)(2) for calibration curve generation.
(vi) Repeatability.
The repeatability for the HC analyzer in the range of
							 0-1400 PPM HC shall be 2% of point or 3 PPM HC absolute, whichever is greater.
							 In the range of 1400-2000 PPM HC, the repeatability shall be 3% of point. The
							 repeatability for the CO analyzer in the range of 0-700% CO shall be 2% of
							 point or 0.02% CO absolute, whichever is greater. In the range of 7.00% to
							 10.00% CO, the repeatability shall be 3% of point. The repeatability for the
							 CO2 analyzer in the range of 0-10.0%
							 CO2 shall be 2% of point or 0.1% CO absolute, whichever
							 is greater. In the range of 10.0% to 16.0% CO2, the
							 repeatability shall be 3% of point. The repeatability of the NO analyzer shall
							 be 3% of point or 20 PPM NO, whichever is greater. The repeatability of the
							 O2 analyzer shall be 3% of point or 0.1%
							 O2, whichever is greater.
(4) Ambient conditions.
The current relative humidity, dry-bulb temperature,
							 and barometric pressure shall be measured and recorded prior to the start of
							 every inspection in order to calculate KH (nitric oxide correction factor, see
							 § 1(b)(v)).
(i) Relative humidity.
The relative humidity measurement device shall cover
							 the range from 5% to 95% RH, and 35°F-110°F, with a minimum accuracy of
							 °5% RH. Wet bulb thermometers shall not be used.
(ii) Dry-bulb temperature.
The dry-bulb temperature device shall cover the range
							 from 35°F-110°F-with a minimum accuracy of ±3°F.
(iii) Barometric pressure.
The barometric pressure measurement device shall
							 cover the range from 610 MM HG-810 MM HG, and 35°F-110°F, with a
							 minimum accuracy of ±3% of point.
(d)
Automated test process software and
							 displays.
(1) Software.
The testing process, data collection and quality
							 control features of the analyzer system shall be automated to the greatest
							 degree possible. The software shall automatically select the emission standards
							 and set the vehicle load based on a Department-provided or approved look-up
							 table. Vehicle identification information may be derived from a database
							 accessed over a real-time data system to a host computer system. Entry of
							 license plate and all or part of the VIN shall be sufficient to access the
							 vehicle record. Provision shall be made for manual entry of data for vehicles
							 not in the host computer system.
(2) Test and mode timers.
The analyzer shall be capable of simultaneously
							 determining the amount of time elapsed in a test, and in a mode within that
							 test.
(3) Clocks and timers.
The clock used to check the coast-down time shall be
							 accurate to within 0.1% of reading between 0.5 and 100 seconds, with a
							 resolution of 0.001 seconds. The ASM test mode timers used shall be accurate to
							 within 0.1% of reading between 10 and 1,000 seconds with a resolution of 0.1
							 seconds.
(4) Display refresh rate.
Dynamic information being displayed shall be
							 refreshed at a minimum rate of twice per second.
(5) Minimum analyzer display resolution.
The analyzer electronics shall have sufficient
							 resolution to achieve the following:
HC
1
PPM HC as hexane
NO
1
PPM NO
C
0.01
% CO
CO2
0.1
%
									 CO2
O2
0.1
%
									 O2
RPM
10
RPM
HC
1
PPM HC as hexane
Speed
0.1 MPH
Wheel Force
0.1 LB
Relative Humidity
1 %RH
Dry bulb temperature
1
									 °F
Barometric pressure
1
MM HG
(6) Engine speed detection.
The system shall be capable of detecting engine speed
							 in revolutions per minute (RPM) with a 0.5 second response time and an accuracy
							 of ±3% of the true RPM.
(7) Display during testing.
The display during testing shall read "test in
							 progress" and shall digitally display the vehicle's speed in mph. Emissions
							 values shall not be displayed during official testing.
§ 4. ASM quality control
							 requirements.
(a)
General requirements
(1) Minimums.
The frequency and standards for quality control
							 specified here are minimum requirements, unless modified as specified in
							 paragraph (2). Greater frequency or tighter standards may be used as
							 needed.
(2) Statistical process control.
Reducing the frequency of the quality control checks,
							 modifying the procedure or specification, or eliminating the quality control
							 checks altogether may be allowed if the Department determines, for the purpose
							 of properly conducting an approved short test, that sufficient statistical
							 process control (SPC) data exist to make a determination, that the SPC data
							 support such action, and that taking such action will not significantly reduce
							 the quality of the emissions measurements. If emission measurement performance
							 or quality deteriorate as a result of allowing such actions, the approval shall
							 be suspended and the frequencies, procedures specifications, or checks
							 specified here or otherwise approved shall be reinstated, pending further
							 determination by the Department.
(b)
Dynamometer
(1) Coast down check.
(i) Coast down frequency.
The calibration of each dynamometer shall be
							 automatically checked every 72 hours in low volume stations (less than 4,000
							 tests per year) and daily in high volume stations, when the dynamometer is in
							 active service, by a dynamometer coast-down procedure equivalent to §
													86.118 -78 (for reference see EOD
							 test procedure TP-302A and TP-202) between the speeds of 30-20 mph and 20-10
							 mph. All rotating dynamometer components shall be included in the coast-down
							 check. Speed windows smaller than ±5 mph may be used provided that they
							 show the same calibration capabilities.
(ii) Coast down HP settings.
The base dynamometer inertia (2,000 pounds) shall be
							 checked at two random horsepower settings for each speed range. The two random
							 horsepower settings shall be between 8.0 to 18.0 horsepower. Use of a shunt
							 resistor for a load cell performance check is not permissible because it does
							 not verify the performance of the actual load cell, only the signal processing
							 portion of the system.
(iii) Coast down procedure.
The coast-down procedure shall use a vehicle
							 off-dynamometer type method or equivalent, using a vehicle to bring the
							 dynamometer up to speed and removing the vehicle before the coast-down shall
							 not be permitted. If either the measured 30-20 mph coast-down time or 20-10 mph
							 coast-down time is outside the window bounded by DET (seconds) ±7% then
							 it shall be locked out for official testing purposes until recalibration allows
							 a passing value.
(a) Randomly select an IHP2525 value that is between
							 8.0 hp and 18.0 hp and set dynamometer PAU to this value.
Coast-down dynamometer from 30-20 mph.
Click to view
							 image
Where:
DIW = Dynamometer inertia weight, total "inertia"
							 weight of all rotating components in dynamometer.
V30 = Velocity in feet/sec at
							 30 mph.
V20 = Velocity in feet/sec at
							 20 mph.
IHP2525YY = Randomly selected
							 ASM2525 indicated horsepower.
PLHP25-YY = Parasitic
							 horsepower for specific dynamometer at 25 mph.
(b) Randomly select an IHP5015 value that is between
							 8.0 hp and 18.0 hp and set dynamometer PAU to this value.
Coast-down dynamometer from 20-10 mph.
Where:
DIW = Dynamometer inertia weight. Total "inertia"
							 weight of all rotating components in dynamometer.
V20 = Velocity in feet/sec at
							 20 mph.
V10 = Velocity in feet/sec at
							 10 mph.
IHP5015YY = Randomly selected
							 ASM5015 indicated horsepower.
PLHP15-YY = Parasitic
							 horsepower for specific dynamometer at 15 mph.
(iv) Parasitic value calculations.
If the coast-down values does not verify in §
							 2(b)(iii).
Click to view
							 image
Parasitic losses shall be calculated using the
							 following equations at 25 and 15 mph. The indicated horsepower shall be set to
							 zero for these tests.
(a) Parasitic losses at 25 mph for a dynamometer with
							 YY diameter rollers.
Click to view
							 image
Where:
DIW = Dynamometer inertia weight. Total "inertia"
							 weight of all rotating components in dynamometer.
V30 = Velocity in feet/sec at
							 30 mph.
V20 = Velocity in feet/sec at
							 20 mph.
CDT = Coast-down time required for dynamometer to
							 coast from 30 to 20 mph.
(b) Parasitic losses at 15 mph for a dynamometer with
							 YY diameter rollers.
Click to view
							 image
Where:
DIW = Dynamometer inertia weight. Total "inertia"
							 weight of all rotating components in dynamometer.
V20 = Velocity in feet/sec at
							 20 mph.
V10 = Velocity in feet/sec at
							 10 mph.
CDT = Coast-down time required for dynamometer to
							 coast from 20 to 10 mph.
(2) Roll speed.
Roll speed and roll counts shall be checked at least
							 once per week by an independent means (for example, photo tachometer).
							 Deviations greater than ±0.2 mph or a comparable tolerance in roll
							 counts shall require corrective action. Alternatively, a redundant roll speed
							 transducer independent of the primary transducer may be used in lieu of the
							 daily comparison. Accuracy of redundant systems shall be checked
							 quarterly.
(c)
Emission sampling system.
(1) Leak check.
The entire sample system shall be checked for vacuum
							 leaks on a daily basis and for proper flow on a continuous basis. The sample
							 system leak check shall be performed using the manufacturer's recommended
							 procedure. The allowed maximum leak rate and minimum flow rate shall be those
							 determined in the equipment certification procedure (see § 7).
(d)
Analytic instruments.
(1) General requirements.
The analyzer shall, to the extent possible, maintain
							 accuracy between gas calibrations taking into account all errors, including
							 noise, repeatability, drift, linearity, temperature and barometric
							 pressure.
(i) Calibration method.
(2) Two-point gas calibration.
Analyzers shall automatically require a two point gas
							 calibration for HC, CO, CO2 and NO. Gas calibration
							 shall be accomplished by introducing span gases that meets the requirements of
							 (d)(3)(iv) in this section into the calibration port. The pressure in the
							 sample cell shall be the same with the calibration gas flowing as with the
							 sample gas flowing during sampling. When a calibration is initiated, the
							 analyzer channels shall be adjusted to the center of the allowable tolerance
							 range.
(ii) Calibration frequency.
Analyzers shall be calibrated within 72 hours before
							 each official test. The Department may adjust the calibration check frequency
							 as necessary based on a statistical process control algorithm approved by the
							 Department. If the system does not calibrate or is not calibrated, the analyzer
							 shall lock out from testing until corrective action is taken.
(iii) Working zero and span gases.
The following gases shall be used for the calibration
							 check.
(a) Zero gas
O2 = 20.9%
HC < 1 PPM THC AS C-1
CO < 1 PPM
CO2 < 400 PPM
NO < 1 PPM
N2 = Balance 99.99% pure
(b) Working span gas
HC = 3,200 PPM propane
CO =.
CO2 = 12%
NO = 3,000 PPM
N2 = Balance 99.99% pure
(iv) Traceability. The span gases used for the gas
							 calibration and the gas audit shall be traceable to National Institute of
							 Standards and Technology (NIST) standards ±1%, and, in the case of low
							 volume stations shall have a zero blend tolerance.
Alternatively, 5% blend tolerance gases may be used
							 if the system reads the bar-coded calibration gas bottle specifications and
							 adjusts the calibration accordingly.
(3) Five-point gas audit.
(i) Audit frequency.
Analyzers shall successfully pass a five point gas
							 audit for HC, CO, NO and CO2. Analyzers shall undergo
							 the audit procedure minimally every 6 months. For either type of station, the
							 analyzer shall be adjusted or repaired if the requirements of § 3(c)(2)
							 are not met.
(ii) Audit method.
The gas calibration audit shall be accomplished by
							 introducing span gas that meets the requirements of § (d)(3)(iv). The
							 pressure in the sample cell shall be the same with the calibration audit gas
							 flowing as with the sample gas flowing during sampling.
(iii) Audit gases.
The following gases shall be used for the calibration
							 check. Other calibration gas values may be acceptable when a "gas blender"
							 apparatus is used if approved by the Department.
(a) Zero gas
O2 = 20.9% (if O2 span is
							 desired) HC < 1.0 PPM THC
CO < 1.0 PPM
CO2 < 1 PPM
NO < 1.0 PPM
N2 = Balance 99.99% pure
(b) Low range calibration gas
HC = 200 PPM propane
CO = 0.5%
CO2 = 6.0%
NO = 300 PPM
N2 = Balance 99.99% pure
(c) Low-middle range calibration gas
HC = 960 PPM propane
CO = 2.4%
CO2 = 3.6%
NO = 900 PPM
N2 = Balance 99.99% pure
(d) High-middle range calibration gas
HC = 1920 PPM propane
CO = 4.8%
CO2 = 7.2%
NO = 1800 PPM
N2 = Balance 99.99% pure
(e) High range calibration gas
HC = 3200 PPM propane
CO = 8.0%
CO2 = 12.0%
NO = 3000 PPM
N2 = Balance 99.99% pure
(iv) Traceability. The span gases used for the gas
							 calibration and the gas audit shall be traceable to National Institute of
							 Standards and Technology (NIST) standards ±1% and, in the case of low
							 volume stations shall have a zero blend tolerance. Alternatively, 5% blend
							 tolerance gases may be used if the system reads the bar-coded calibration gas
							 bottle specifications and adjusts the calibration accordingly.
(v) Audit specifications. The analytical system shall
							 read the audit gas within 5% of labeled value. The analyzer shall be adjusted
							 or repaired if the accuracy specifications are not met.
(4) Service and repair calibration.
(i) In-field calibration.
Each time an analyzer's emissions measurement system,
							 sensor or other electronic components are repaired or replaced, a minimum of a
							 five-point gas audit such as (d)(3) shall be performed prior to returning the
							 unit to service.
(ii) Leak check
Each time the sample line integrity is broken, a leak
							 check shall be performed prior to testing.
§ 5. ASM test record
							 information.
(a)
General requirements
(1) Test data.
In addition to the information required to uniquely
							 identify the testing station, technician and vehicle, the following data shall
							 also be recorded.
(i) General records
a. Test record number
b. Inspection station and inspector numbers
c. Test system number
d. Dynamometer site
e. Date of test
f. Emission test start time and the time the final
							 emission scores are determined
g. Vehicle identification number
h. License plate number
i. Test certificate number
j. Vehicle model year, make and type
k. Number of cylinders or engine displacement
l. Transmission type
m. Odometer reading
n. Type of test performed (that is, initial test,
							 first retest or subsequent retest)
(ii) Ambient test conditions
a. Relative humidity (%)
b. Dry-bulb temperature (°F)
c. Atmospheric pressure (MM HG)
d. No correction factor
e. System response time for each instrument
							 (Transport +T90)
(iii) ASM5015 mode
a. ASM5015 final HC running average (AVGHC)
							 (PPM).
b. ASM5015 final CO running average (AVGCO)
							 (%).
c. ASM5015 final NO running average (AVGNO)
							 (PPM).
d. Total ASM5015 horsepower used to set the DYNE
							 (THP5015) (HP).
e. Engine RPM running average corresponding to the
							 final test score.
f. Dilution correction factor (DCF).
(iv) Diagnostic/quality assurance information.
a. Test time (SEC).
b. Mode time (SEC).
c. Vehicle speed (MPH) for each second of the
							 test.
d. Engine RPM running average.
e. Dynamometer load (pounds) for each second of the
							 test.
f. HC concentration (PPM) for each second of the
							 test.
g. CO concentration (%) for each second of the
							 test.
h. No concentration (PPM) for each second of the
							 test.
i. CO2 concentration (%) for
							 each second of the test.
j. O2 concentration (%) for each second of the test
							 (optional).
§ 6. ASM terms and
							 definitions.
HPXXXXYY = The ASM actual
							 horsepower value contained in the look up table for a vehicle being tested
							 (using the ASM5015 or 2525) on a dynamometer with YY inch diameter rollers. The
							 actual horsepower is the sum of the indicated horsepower and the parasitic
							 losses (PLHPZZ-YY).
IHPXXXXYY = The "indicated"
							 ASM horsepower value set on the dynamometer.
THPXXXX = The "total" horsepower for an ASM test
							 includes indicated, tire losses and parasitics. This value is independent of
							 roll size.
ETW = Equivalent test weight. Weight class of vehicle
							 for testing, defined as curb weight plus 300 pounds. For ASM testing, it is
							 rounded to the nearest 125 pound increment.
GTRL@ZZ MPH-YY = Generic
							 tire-roll interface horsepower losses at ZZ mph on a dynamometer with YY inch
							 diameter rollers.
PLHPZZ-YY = Parasitic losses
							 (horsepower) due to internal dynamometer friction. A value is specific to each
							 individual dynamometer and speed.
AT = 1st curve coefficient
							 used to characterize tire/roll losses. Different values depending on
							 dynamometer roller diameter.
BT = 2nd curve coefficient
							 used to characterize tire/roll losses. Different values depending on
							 dynamometer roller diameter.
CT = 3rd curve coefficient
							 used to characterize tire/roll losses. Different values depending on
							 dynamometer roller diameter.
XXXX = Place holder for ASM test mode, ASM5015 or ASM
							 2525.
YY = Place holder for dynamometer roll diameter.
							 Usually 8.6 or 20 inches.
ZZ = Place holder for dynamometer speed. Usually 15
							 mph or 25 mph.
§ 7. Equipment certification
							 procedures.
I.
Dynamometer.
A.
Load cell verification (if
							 equipped).
This test confirms the proper operation of the
							 dynamometer load cell and associated systems. Weights in the proper range shall
							 be supplied by the system supplier. Weights shall be NIST traceable to 0.1% of
							 point.
(1) Calibrate the load cell according to the
							 manufacturer's direction.
(2) Using a dead weight method, load the test cell to
							 20%, 40%, 60% and 80% (in ascending order) of the range used for ASM testing.
							 Record the readings for each weight.
(3) Remove the weights in the same steps (descending
							 order) and record the results.
(4) Perform steps A through B two more times (total
							 of three).
(5) Calculate the average value for each
							 weight.
(6) Multiply the average weight from E by the length
							 of the torque arm.
Acceptance criteria: The difference for each reading
							 from the weight shall not exceed 0.1% of full scale.
B.
Speedometer verification.
This test confirms the accuracy of the dynamometer's
							 speedometer.
(1) Set dynamometer speed to 15 MPH.
(2) Independently measure and record dynamometer
							 speed.
(3) Repeat at 25 mph.
Acceptance criteria: The difference for each reading
							 from set dynamometer speed shall not exceed 0.2 mph.
C.
Parasitic verification.
Parasitic losses shall be calculated using the
							 following equations at 25 and 15 mph. The indicated horsepower
							 (IHPXXXXYY) shall be set to zero for these tests. Using
							 time versus speed data from the system, calculate PLHPYY
							 for 15 mph and 25 mph.
(1) Parasitic losses at 25 mph for a dynamometer with
							 YY diameter rollers.
Click to view
							 image
Where:
DIW = Dynamometer inertia weight. Total "inertia"
							 weight of all rotating components in dynamometer.
V30 = Velocity in feet/sec at
							 30 mph.
V20 = Velocity in feet/sec at
							 20 mph.
CDT = Coast-down time required for dynamometer to
							 coast from 30 to 20 mph.
(2) Parasitic losses at 15 mph for a dynamometer with
							 YY diameter rollers.
Click to view
							 image
Where:
DIW = Dynamometer inertia weight. Total "inertia"
							 weight of all rotating components in dynamometer.
V20 = Velocity in feet/sec at
							 20 mph.
V10 = Velocity in feet/sec at
							 10 mph.
CDT = Coast-down time required for dynamometer to
							 coast from 20 to 10 mph.
Acceptance criteria: The difference between the
							 external calculated value and the machine calculated value shall not exceed
							 0.25 HP (or 6.25 lb. wheel force a 15 MPH and 3.75 lb. wheel force at 25
							 mph).
D.
Verify coast-down.
The coast-down procedure shall use a vehicle
							 off-dynamometer type method or equivalent. Using a vehicle to bring the
							 dynamometer up to speed and removing the vehicle before the coast-down shall
							 not be permitted.
(1) Randomly select an IHP2525 value that is between
							 8.0 hp and 18.0 hp and set dynamometer PAU to this value.
Coast-down dynamometer from 30-20 mph.
Click to view
							 image
Where:
DIW = Dynamometer inertia weight. Total "inertia"
							 weight of all rotating components in dynamometer.
V30 = Velocity in feet/sec at
							 30 mph.
V20 = Velocity in feet/sec at
							 20 mph.
IHP2525YY = Randomly selected
							 ASM2525 indicated horsepower.
PLHP25-YY = Parasitic
							 horsepower for specific dynamometer at 25 mph.
(2) Randomly select an IHP5015 value that is between
							 8.0 hp and 18.0 hp and set dynamometer PAU to this value.
Coast-down dynamometer from 20-10 mph.
Click to view
							 image
Where:
DIW = Dynamometer inertia weight. Total "inertia"
							 weight of all rotating components in dynamometer.
V20 = Velocity in feet/sec at
							 20 mph.
V10 = Velocity in feet/sect at
							 10 mph.
IHP5015YY = Randomly selected
							 ASM5015 indicated horsepower.
PLHP15-YY = Parasitic
							 horsepower for specific dynamometer at 15 mph.
Acceptance criteria: The measured 30-20 mph
							 coast-down time and the 20-10 mph coast-down time must be inside the window
							 bounded by DET (seconds ±7%.
II.
Analyzer system:
A.
Analyzer warm-up.
The analyzer shall be turned off and at a room
							 temperature not greater than 41°F for a time period of at least 4
							 hours.
Analyzer warm-up acceptance criteria. The analyzer
							 shall reach stability in less than 30 minutes at 41°F from start-up. If an
							 analyzer does not achieve stability within the allotted time frame, it shall be
							 locked out from testing. The instrument shall be considered "warmed up" when
							 the zero and span readings for HC, CO, NO and CO2 have
							 stabilized, within the accuracy values specified in § 3(c)(2) for 5
							 minutes without adjustment.
B.
Leak rate.
A needle valve teed into the line upstream of the
							 sample pump inlet shall be used to induce a leak which reduces the readings by
							 3%. Perform a leak check using the manufacturer's recommended procedures. The
							 unit under test shall fail the leak check and prevent further testing until
							 corrective action is performed.
Leak rate acceptance criteria. The analyzer shall not
							 allow a deviation of more than 3% of the readings obtained using the mid-range
							 span gas described in paragraph (d)(3)(iii)(c) of §.
C.
Flow restrictions.
(1) Using the mid-range span gas described in
							 Paragraph (d)(3)(iii)(c) of § 4 entering the sample probe at atmospheric
							 pressure, take a base reading with no restriction in the line. Insert a
							 throttling valve in the vacuum side of the sampling system. With the gas
							 flowing (still at atmospheric pressure), restrict the sample flow until:
(1) the low flow indication is activated,
(2) the response time of the slowest NDIR channel
							 exceeds 11 seconds to 90% of the base reading, or
(3) the actual gas reading differs from the base
							 reading on any channel by more than 3% of the base reading.
Acceptance criteria: The low flow indication is
							 activated and the response times of all NDIR channels are 13 seconds or less to
							 90% of the base readings, and the actual gas readings differ from the base
							 readings by 3% of the base readings or less.
(2) If the low flow sensor is activated by pressure
							 (or vacuum), insert A 0-10 PSIG (0-30 in. HG) gauge between the throttling
							 valve and the inlet O the low flow sensor. Use the throttling valve to activate
							 and deactivate the low flow indication. Measure the pressure (or vacuum) at
							 which activation and deactivation occur. Perform this test three times.
Acceptance criteria: The difference between the
							 activation point and deactivation point shall be no greater than 3% of the
							 activation point pressure (or vacuum).
D.
Dilution.
The procedure for measuring flow rate dilution shall
							 be as follows:
(1) Set vehicle with 1.6 liter maximum engine
							 displacement at factory-recommended idle speed. OEM configuration exhaust
							 system, transmission in neutral, hood up (a fan to cool the engine may be used
							 if needed). Set idle speed not to exceed 920 RPM. (Set for 900 RPM with a
							 tolerance ± 20 RPM.)
(2) With a laboratory grade analyzer system, sample
							 the exhaust at 40 centimeters depth with a flow sample rate below 320 liters
							 per hour. Allow sufficient time for this test. Record all HC, CO, NO,
							 CO2 and O2 readings. A chart
							 recorder or electronically stored data may be used to detect the point of
							 stable readings.
(3) While operating the candidate analyzer system in
							 a mode which has the same flow rate as the official test mode. Record the
							 levels of HC, CO, NO, CO2 and O2.
							 Ensure that the probe is installed correctly.
(4) Repeat step (II).
Acceptance criteria: The flow rate on the analyzer
							 shall not cause more than 10% dilution during sampling of exhaust of a 1.6
							 liter engine a normal idle. Ten percent dilution is defined as a sample of 90%
							 exhaust and 10% ambient air. If the difference of the readings between (ii) and
							 (iv) exceed 5% of the average of (ii) and (iv), repeat (ii), (iii), and (iv);
							 otherwise average (ii) and (iv) and compare with (iii). If (iii) is within 10%
							 of the average of (ii) and (iv), then the equipment meets the dilution
							 specification.
E.
Analyzer accuracy.
This test confirms the ability of the candidate
							 instruments to read various concentrations of gases within the tolerances
							 required by this specification. The test compares the response of the candidate
							 instrument with that of standard instruments, and also estimates the
							 uncertainty of the readings.
The analyzer shall be zeroed and span gas calibrated
							 using the working gases. The instrument shall be tested using propane, carbon
							 monoxide, carbon dioxide and nitric oxide in nitrogen, with a certified
							 accuracy of ±1%, in the following concentrations: 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%,
							 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% of full scale for the analyzers. Full scale is
							 defined in § 3(c)(3).
(1) Introduce the gases in ascending order of
							 concentrations, through the probe, beginning with the zero gas. Record the
							 readings of the standard and candidate instruments to each concentration
							 value.
(2) After the highest concentration has been
							 introduced and recorded, introduce the same gases to the standard and candidate
							 analyzers in descending order, including the zero gas. Record the reading of
							 analyzers to each gas, including negatives (if any).
(3) Repeat steps A and B for the candidate only, four
							 more times (total of five times).
(4) Calculations:
a. Calculate the average value of each concentration
							 for the readings of the standard instruments.
b. Calculate the mean and standard deviation of each
							 candidate's readings for each concentration. Include both upscale and down
							 scale readings for the same gas concentration. (All calculations may not be
							 possible for zero concentrations.)
c. For each concentration, calculate the difference
							 between the candidate mean and the standard average.
d. For each concentration, compute the
							 following:
(i) Y1 = X + KSD
(ii) Y2 = X - KSD
Where:
KSD = STD DEV * 3.5 for zero
							 and the highest concentration value.
KSD = STD DEV * 2.5 for all
							 other concentration values, and
X = Mean (arithmetic average) of the set of candidate
							 readings.
e. Compute the uncertainty (U) of the calibration
							 curve for each concentration as follows:
(i) U1 = Concentration value -
							 Y1
(ii) U2 = Concentration value
							 - Y2
Acceptance criteria:
(1) for each concentration, the differences
							 calculated in Step 3 shall be no greater than the accuracy tolerances specified
							 in § 3(c)(3).
(2) for each concentration, the uncertainties,
							 (U1 and U2) shall be no greater
							 than the accuracy tolerances required in § 3(c)(3).
F.
Analyzer system
							 repeatability.
This test characterizes the ability of the instrument
							 to give consistent readings when repeatedly sampling the same gas
							 concentration.
(1) Using an 80% full scale gas, introduce the gas
							 through the sample probe. Record the readings.
(2) Purge with ambient air for at least 30 seconds
							 but no more than 60 seconds.
(3) Repeat steps (1) and (2) above four more
							 times.
(4) Repeat steps (1), (2) and (3), introducing the
							 gas through the sample probe.
Acceptance criteria: The differences between the
							 highest and lowest readings from both ports shall not exceed the value
							 specified in § 3(c)(3).
G.
Analyzer system response
							 time.
This test determines the speed of response of the
							 candidate instrument when a sample is introduced at the sample probe.
(1) Gas calibrate the candidate instrument per the
							 manufacturer's instructions.
(2) Using a solenoid valve or equivalent selector
							 system, remotely introduce an 80% full scale gas to the probe. The gas pressure
							 at the entrance to the probe shall be equal to room ambient.
(3) Measure the elapsed time required for the
							 instrument display to read 90% of the final stabilized reading for HC, CO,
							 CO2 and NO. (Optional: also, measure the time required
							 for the O2 analyzer to read 0.1%
							 O2). Alternatively, the bench outputs may be recorded
							 against a time base to determine the response time. Record all times in
							 seconds.
(4) Switch the solenoid valve to purge with zero air
							 for at least 40 seconds but no more than 60 seconds.
(5) Measure the elapsed time required for the NO
							 instrument display to read 10% of the stabilized reading in Step (3).
(6) Repeat steps (1), (2) and (3), two more times
							 (total three times).
Acceptance criteria: The response (drop time for
							 O2 and NO. Rise time for HC, CO,
							 CO2 and NO) time shall meet the requirement specified in
							 § 3(c)(2)(X). The response time shall also be within ± 1 second of
							 the nominal response time supplied by the equipment supplier for use in §
							 5(1)(a)(i)(e).
H.
Analyzer interference
							 effects.
The following acceptance test procedure shall be
							 performed at 45°F, 75°F and 105°F conditions, except as
							 noted.
(1) Zero and span the instrument.
(2) Sample the following gases for at least 1 minute.
							 Record the response of each channel to the presence of these gases.
a. 16% carbon dioxide in nitrogen.
b. 1600 PPM hexane in nitrogen.
c. 10% carbon monoxide in nitrogen.
d. 3000 PPM nitric oxide in nitrogen.
e. 75 PPM sulfur dioxide (SO2) in nitrogen.
f. 75 PPM hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in nitrogen.
(3) Water-saturated hot air. The water-saturated hot
							 air shall be drawn through the probe from the top of a sealed vessel partially
							 filled with water through which ambient air will be bubbled. The water shall be
							 maintained at a temperature of 122°F ±9°F. This test shall be
							 performed at only the 75°F, and 105°F conditions.
Acceptance criteria: The interference effects shall
							 not exceed the limits specified in § 3(c)(2)(iii).
I.
Electromagnetic isolation and
							 interference.
This test shall measure the ability of the candidate
							 instrument to withstand electromagnetic fields which could exist in vehicle
							 testing and repair facilities. For all tests described below, sample
							 "low-middle calibration gas" specified in § 4(d)(3)(iii)(c), at
							 atmospheric pressure, through the sample probe. Record analyzer reading during
							 test periods.
(1) Radio frequency interference test.
a. Use a test vehicle with an engine having a high
							 energy ignition system (or equivalent), a solid core coil wire and a 3/8" air
							 gap. Leave engine off.
b. Locate the candidate instrument within 5 feet of
							 the ignition coil. Gas calibrate the candidate instrument.
c. Sample gas specified above. Wait 20 seconds, and
							 record analyzer readings.
d. Start engine. With the hood open, cycle the engine
							 from idle through 2500 RPM. With the gas flowing record the analyzer
							 readings.
e. Relocate the instrument to within 6 inches of one
							 side of the vehicle near the engine compartment. Repeat Step 4.
f. Relocate the instrument to within 6 inches of the
							 other side of the vehicle near the engine compartment. Repeat Step 4.
Acceptance criteria: The analyzer readings shall
							 deviate no more than 0.5% full scale.
(2) Induction field test. Use a variable speed
							 (commutator type) hand drill having a plastic housing and rated at 3 amps or
							 more. While the analyzer is sampling the gas, vary the drill speed from zero to
							 maximum while moving from the front to the sides of the instrument at various
							 heights.
Acceptance criteria: The analyzer readings shall
							 deviate no more than 0.5% full scale.
(3) Line interference test. Plug the drill used in
							 Part B above into one outlet of A #16-3 wire extension cord approximately 20
							 feet long. Connect the instrument into the other outlet of the extension cord.
							 Repeat Part B above.
Acceptance criteria: The analyzer readings shall
							 deviate no more than 0.5% full scale.
(4) VHF band frequency interference test. Locate both
							 a citizens ban radio (CB), with output equivalent to FCC legal maximum, and a
							 highway patrol transmitter (or equivalent) within 50 feet of the instrument.
							 While the analyzer is sampling the gas, press and release transmit button of
							 both radios several times.
Acceptance criteria: The analyzer readings shall
							 deviate no more than 0.5% full scale.
(5) Ambient conditions instruments. Upon installation
							 and every 6 months, the performance of the ambient conditions instruments shall
							 be cross checked against a master weather station.
Acceptance criteria: The individual instruments shall
							 be within the tolerance specified in § 3(c)(4).
§ 8. Software specifications and emission
							 inspection waiver procedure.
(a).
Software specifications.
(1) General.
(i) The software shall prompt the test personnel to
							 restrain the vehicle. The test system does not need to have a feedback to
							 detect the presence of the restrain system. (Shop requirement).
(ii) At each calibration called for in §
							 4(d)(2)(i), the system shall automatically record the date, time, the gas
							 readings for HC, CO, NO and CO2 prior to adjustment to
							 the labeled gas values of the calibration gases, and the gas readings after
							 adjustment. This data shall be readily accessible for purposes of statistical
							 process control analysis.
(iii) Software shall be developed and provided to
							 permit statistical process control procedures to be utilized to determine
							 calibration lengths and intervals and other procedures as specified in §
							 4(a) and as otherwise determined by the Commonwealth.
(2) Software shall be developed and provided to
							 permit the use of the enhanced waiver procedure described in subsection 8(b) of
							 this appendix.
(3) Emission inspection equipment software for the
							 Pennsylvania emission inspection program shall be approved by the Department or
							 its designee prior to installation and use in emission inspection equipment
							 installed at certified emission inspection stations.
(4) An emission inspection test report, meeting the
							 requirements of §
													177.252(b), shall
							 be generated by the analyzer. A sample is attached as Exhibit A.
(b)
Emission inspection waiver
							 procedure.
(1) After failing initial I/M test, vehicle will
							 receive vehicle repair form.
(i) This form must be completed by person repairing
							 vehicle.
(ii) Completed form will include repairs done and
							 cost of such repairs.
(2) When repairs are completed, vehicle shall be
							 returned to a certified emission inspection.
(3) When retest is begun, repairs made and cost of
							 repairs will be entered into the inspection equipment.
(i) If vehicle fails retest, screen will prompt
							 inspector "Do you wish waiver?"
(ii) If no, retest will be aborted.
(iii) If yes, inspector will be presented with waiver
							 screen.
(iv) This screen will ask for certified repair
							 technician number (it may be read by bar code reader or manually
							 entered).
(4) The vehicle inspection information data base
							 (VIID) will be queried and the repair data, including cost, will be
							 examined.
(5) The VIID will review the transmitted data.
(i) The repairs will be compared with the cause of
							 the failure to ensure that they were appropriate to the failure.
(ii) the cost of the repairs will be examined to
							 ensure that cost meets minimum requirements for a waiver.
(6) If the VIID determines that the waiver
							 requirements as specified in §
													177.281 and §
													177.282 have not been satisfied,
							 the VIID will return a "NO" to request for waiver.
(7) If all waiver requirements under §
													177.281 and §
													177.282 are met, the VIID will
							 transmit a unique waiver transaction approval number to the certified repair
							 technician approving the waiver.
(8) The waiver sticker may then be placed on the
							 vehicle.
(9) Copies of all repair receipts must be kept by the
							 inspection station issuing waiver.
(i) All waiver repair receipts will be examined by
							 quality assurance officers during normal record audits.
(ii) Waiver repair receipts may also be examined at
							 any time by quality assurance officers or other qualified Commonwealth
							 employees.
§ 9. Hardware
							 specifications.
(a)
General.
(1) Tamper control
-Keys allowed
Yes
-Solenoid required
Optional
-Switches required
Yes
-Secure user floppy
No
-Allow DOS access
No
-Gas analyzer
Yes
-Detect power off
Yes
(2) Computer
										requirements
Processor (minimum):
Pentium
OS system:
Latest version of commercially available
										OS
RAM required (minimum):
16 MB
Minimum RAM upgrade
										capability
32 MB
Secured floppy drive (3.5"):
1
Hard drive size (minimum):
1.2 GB
2nd HD expansion required:
Yes
2nd 3.5" expansion required:
Yes
CD required (4X minimum):
Optional
16 BIT sound card (minimum)
Optional
Modem speed (minimum):
28.8
Free slots required:
2
Mouse upgrade:
Optional
(3) Ports/connectors:
-Parallel (minimum):
2
-Serial (free port)
1
(BAUD 300-115.2)
111 MAX
(DB25 connector):
Yes
-Special serial port:*
1
(4) Special COMM PORTS CPC
-12V switched power
Yes
-12V protected
Yes
* An additional RS232 serial port shall be provided
							 specifically to conduct either a gas cap test or a tank integrity test
							 (pressure test) and a purge test when the appropriate test(s) or alternate
							 tests are developed and approved by the Federal Environmental Protection Agency
							 (EPA).
(5) Bar code scanner
2D
-User replaceable
Yes
(6) Printer (Laser):
1
-User replaceable:
Yes
(7) Keyboard:
101
-User replaceable
Yes
(8) Video CRT:
14"
-User replaceable
Yes
-Memory (minimum):
1.
-Resolution:
SVGA
(9) Other devices required:
-Opacity
Future
-OBD II Port
Future upgrade
-Gas cap tester
Yes
-Tachometer number
3
-Conventional
1
-Non-intrusive
1
-OBD II
1, when available
Notes:
A. Operating system (OS) must be upgradable to
							 Windows 95, if required by Department at a later date.
B. Manufacturer must demonstrate a working unit to
							 the Department of Transportation or designee. Unit must provide minimum
							 capabilities listed with costing for all options, including future
							 upgrades.
(b) Gas analyzers.
(1) Bench performance
										(minimum):
Pennsylvania (East Coast)
Specification
-Measured gases (standard):
4
-NO
Standard
-Humidity compensated
Standard
-PEF range (.XX format)
47-56
-Warmup time
15 minutes
-Ranges
HC PPM
0-10,000
CO%
0-14.0
CO2%
0-18.0
NO PPM
0-5,000
O2%
0-25.0
Zero set two point
Yes
(2) Sample system
-Dual probes required:
Yes
-25' sample hose required:
Yes
(3) Calibration system
-Zero gas required
Yes
-Calibration frequency
3 days
-Calibration
Single
-Second gas
Optional
-Third gas
Open
-Calibration gas
										specifications
Accuracy
+/-.
Blend tolerance
+/-.
Type, blend
TRI/QUAD*
Values
CO%
3.5%
HC propane
2,000
CO2
14.0
NO
2,000
(4) 3 ports shall be provided for calibration gas: 1
							 port shall be for zero gas, 1 port shall be used for calibration gas and 1 port
							 shall be for a spare. Hardware shall be included to activate the third
							 port.
(5) Vented storage required N/S
(6) ASM areas will use QUAD blend, idle test areas
							 will use tri blend
(c)
ASM dynamometer
(1) Base specification
Pennsylvania
-Upgrade
Standard
(2) Identification Plate
N/S
(3) MAX vehicle test weight
9000 GVWR
(4) Absorber accuracy
+/- 2%
(5) Base inertia
2000 +/- 40
Inertia simulation range
2-6
-Mechanical increments
500
-Electrical increments
1
(6) Roll diameter
8.5-21
(7) Testable track width
30-100
(8) Coast down CK
3 day
(9) Vehicle weight
										measurement
No
(10) Vehicle restraint
										monitor
No
(11) Aximum allowed incline
5%
(12) Automatic lift
Yes
-Power failure backup.
(13) Remote control
N/S
(14) Fan required
No
-Remote control
N/S
(15) Augmented braking
No
(16) 12V PC controlled power switched
Notes:
The fan in the Pennsylvania/East Coast specification
							 is a shop requirement.