Pennsylvania Code › Title 25 - ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION › Part I - Department of Environmental Protection › Subpart D - Environmental Health and Safety › Article V - Radiological Health › Chapter 215 - GENERAL PROVISIONS › GENERAL PROVISIONS › Section 215.2 - Definitions

Current through Register Vol. 54, No. 28, July 13, 2024
The definitions in
						  10 CFR Chapter 1, Parts
						  19,
						  20,
						  30,
						  31,
						  32,
						  33,
						  34,
						  35,
						  36,
						  39,
						  40,
						  70,
						  71 and
						  150 are incorporated by reference
						  in this article unless indicated otherwise. In addition, the following words
						  and terms, when used in this article, have the following meanings, unless the
						  context clearly indicates otherwise:
AEC
-United States Atomic Energy
						  Commission.
Accelerator-produced material
-Material
						  made radioactive by a particle accelerator.
Act
-The Radiation Protection Act
						  (35
						  P. S. §§
													7110.101-7110.703).
Bioassay
-The determination of kinds,
						  quantities or concentrations, and, in some cases, the locations of radioactive
						  material in the human body, whether by direct measurement, in vivo counting, or
						  by analysis and evaluation of materials excreted or removed from the human
						  body. For purposes of this article, "radiobioassay" is an equivalent
						  term.
Brachytherapy
-A method of radiation
						  therapy in which sealed sources are utilized to deliver a radiation dose at a
						  distance of up to a few centimeters, by surface, intracavitary or interstitial
						  application.
Entrance or access point
-An opening
						  through which an individual or extremity of an individual could gain access to
						  radiation areas or to licensed or registered radiation sources. The term
						  includes entry or exit portals of sufficient size to permit human entry,
						  irrespective of their intended use.
FDA
-The Federal Food and Drug
						  Administration.
Human use
-The internal or external
						  administration of radiation or radioactive material to human beings.
Inspection
-An official examination or
						  observation including, but not limited to, tests, surveys and monitoring to
						  determine compliance with this article, rules, orders, requirements and
						  conditions of the Department.
Ionizing radiation
-Radiation
						  consisting of directly ionizing charged particles-such as electrons, protons,
						  alpha particles and the like-having sufficient kinetic energy to produce
						  ionization by collision, or consisting of either indirectly ionizing uncharged
						  particles-such as neutrons-or photons which can liberate directly ionizing
						  particles or can initiate a nuclear transformation.
License
-Permission issued by the
						  Department in accordance with this article to possess and use radiation
						  sources. Types of licenses are as follows:
(i)
General
						license
-Permission to possess and use radioactive material without the
						formal review and issuance of documents by the Department.
(ii)
Specific
						license
-Written permission to possess and use radioactive material
						issued by the Department after the Department reviews and approves an
						application for the possession and use of the radiation sources.
Licensed practitioner of the healing
						  arts
-An individual licensed by the Commonwealth to practice the
						  healing arts, which for the purposes of this article shall be limited to
						  medicine, surgery, dentistry, osteopathy, podiatry and chiropractic.
Licensee
-A person who is licensed by
						  the Department under this article and the act.
Licensing state
-A state that has
						  regulations equivalent to the Suggested State Regulations for Control of
						  Radiation (United States Department of Health and Human Services) relating to,
						  and has an effective program for, the regulatory control of NARM and which has
						  been granted final designation as a licensing state by the Conference of
						  Radiation Control Program Directors, Inc.
Major X-ray system component
-A tube
						  housing assembly, X-ray control, X-ray high voltage generator, X-ray table,
						  cradle, film changer, fixed cassette holder, beam limiting device, fluoroscopic
						  or digital radiographic imaging assembly, spot film device, image intensifier
						  or cephalometric device.
NARM
-A naturally occurring or
						  accelerator-produced radioactive material. The term does not include
						  by-product, source or special nuclear material.
NORM-Naturally occurring radioactive
						  material
-A nuclide which is radioactive in its natural physical
						  state-that is, not man-made-but does not include source or special nuclear
						  material.
NRC
-United States Nuclear Regulatory
						  Commission or its authorized representatives.
Person
-An individual, corporation,
						  partnership, firm, association, trust, estate, public or private institution,
						  group, agency or political subdivision of this Commonwealth; another state or
						  political subdivision or agency thereof; and a legal successor, representative,
						  agent or agency of the entities listed in this paragraph. The term does not
						  include Federal government agencies.
Pharmacist
-An individual licensed by
						  the Commonwealth to compound and dispense drugs, prescriptions and
						  poisons.
Physician
-An individual licensed by
						  the Commonwealth to practice medicine or osteopathy in this
						  Commonwealth.
Prescribed dose for therapy using
						  radiation-producing machines
-For X-ray, electron or other particle
						  beam therapy, the total dose and dose per fraction as documented in the written
						  directive.
Qualified expert
-
(i) For radiation protection, an individual
						having the knowledge and training to measure ionizing radiation, to evaluate
						safety techniques and to advise regarding radiation protection needs; for
						example: individuals certified in the appropriate field by the American Board
						of Radiology, or the American Board of Health Physics, or the American Board of
						Medical Physics or those having equivalent qualifications.
(ii) For radiation therapy calibrations, an
						individual having, in addition to the qualifications in subparagraph (i),
						training and experience in the clinical applications of radiation physics to
						radiation therapy.
(iii) For
						diagnostic X-ray performance evaluations, an individual having, in addition to
						the qualifications of subparagraph (i), training and experience in the physics
						of diagnostic radiology.
Radiation
-Ionizing radiation.
Radiation producing machine
-A device
						  capable of producing ionizing radiation except those devices with radioactive
						  material as the only source of radiation.
Radiation safety officer
-An
						  individual who has the knowledge and responsibility to apply appropriate
						  radiation protection regulations.
Radiation source
-An apparatus,
						  device, equipment, radiation-producing machine or material, other than a
						  nuclear power reactor and nuclear fuel located on a plant site, emitting or
						  capable of emitting ionizing radiation.
Radioactive material
-A material-solid,
						  liquid or gas-which emits radiation spontaneously.
Radioactivity
-The transformation of
						  unstable atomic nuclei accompanied by the emission of radiation.
Registrant
-A person who is legally
						  obligated to register with the Department under this article and the
						  act.
Registration
-The act of registering
						  with the Department under this article.
Roentgen (R)
-The special unit of
						  exposure to external X-ray and gamma radiation. One roentgen equals 2.58 x
						  10-4 coulombs/kilogram of air. See §
												215.3 (relating to units of
						  exposure).
Traceable to a National standard
-A
						  system which has been calibrated by the National Institute of Science and
						  Technology or by a Regional Calibration Laboratory accredited by the American
						  Association of Physicists in Medicine.
Waste handling licensees
-Persons
						  licensed to receive and store radioactive wastes prior to disposal or persons
						  licensed to dispose of radioactive waste.
Written directive for therapy using
						  radiation-producing machines
-An order in writing for a specific
						  patient, dated and signed by an authorized user prior to the administration of
						  a radiation therapy treatment:
(i) For
						X-ray therapy at potentials less than 1 MeV: the total dose, dose per fraction,
						treatment site, field sizes, tube potential and filtration, and overall
						treatment period.
(ii) For X-ray,
						electron or other particle beam therapy at energies of 1 MeV and above: the
						total dose, dose per fraction, treatment site, field size, beam type and
						energy, applicator, use of beam blocking or shaping devices, treatment geometry
						and overall treatment period.
The provisions of this §
														215.2 amended under sections 301
							 and 302 of the Radiation Protection Act (35 P.S.
							 §§
															7110.301 and
							 7110.302); section 1920-A of
							 The Administrative Code of 1929 (71 P.S. §
															510-20); and the Radon Certification Act
							 (63
							 P.S. §§
															2001-2014).
This section cited in 25 Pa. Code §
														221.2 (relating to definitions);
							 25 Pa. Code §
														221.201 (relating to definitions);
							 and 25 Pa. Code §
														236.2 (relating to
							 definitions).