reglab/statecodes huggingface dataset:
Pennsylvania Code › Title 25 - ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION › Part I - Department of Environmental Protection › Subpart D - Environmental Health and Safety › Article V - Radiological Health › Chapter 221 - X-RAYS IN THE HEALING ARTS › DIAGNOSTIC INSTALLATIONS GENERAL REQUIREMENTS › Section 221.29 - Kilovoltage (kV) accuracy

Current through Register Vol. 54, No. 28, July 13, 2024
(a)
						For variable kV units, the kV output may not vary from the set-indicated value
						by more than 10% over the range of technique factors normally used.
						Discrepancies of more than 10% between set-indicated and measured kV values
						shall be investigated by a qualified expert or service agent and appropriate
						action taken.
(b) For fixed kV
						units, the kV output may not vary from the set-indicated value by more than 20%
						over the range of technique factors normally used. Discrepancies of more than
						20% between set-indicated and measured kV values shall be investigated by a
						qualified expert or service agent and appropriate action taken.
The provisions of this §
														221.29 issued and amended under
							 sections 301 and 302 of the Radiation Protection Act (35 P. S.
							 §§
															7110.301 and
							 7110.302); and section 1920-A
							 of The Administrative Code of 1929 (71 P. S. §
															510-20).
This section cited in 25 Pa. Code §
														221.35a (relating to fluoroscopic
							 X-ray systems).
Pennsylvania Code › Title 25 - ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION › Part I - Department of Environmental Protection › Subpart D - Environmental Health and Safety › Article V - Radiological Health › Chapter 221 - X-RAYS IN THE HEALING ARTS › DIAGNOSTIC INSTALLATIONS GENERAL REQUIREMENTS › Section 221.30 - Exposure reproducibility for noncertified systems

Current through Register Vol. 54, No. 28, July 13, 2024
The coefficient of variation of exposure
						  reproducibility may not exceed 0.10 when technique factors are held constant.
						  This requirement shall be deemed to have been met when four exposures are made.
						  This requirement applies when either manual techniques or automatic exposure
						  control is used.
The provisions of this §
														221.30 issued under sections 301
							 and 302 of the Radiation Protection Act (35 P. S.
							 §§
															7110.301 and
							 7110.302); and section 1920-A
							 of The Administrative Code of 1929 (71 P. S. §
															510-20); amended under sections 301 and 302
							 of the Radiation Protection Act (35 P. S. §§
															7110.301 and
							 7110.302); section 1920-A of
							 The Administrative Code of 1929 (71 P. S. §
															510-20); and the Radon Certification Act
							 (63
							 P. S. §§
															2001-2014).
This section cited in 25 Pa. Code §
														221.35a (relating to fluoroscopic
							 X-ray systems).
Pennsylvania Code › Title 25 - ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION › Part I - Department of Environmental Protection › Subpart D - Environmental Health and Safety › Article V - Radiological Health › Chapter 221 - X-RAYS IN THE HEALING ARTS › DIAGNOSTIC INSTALLATIONS GENERAL REQUIREMENTS › Section 221.31a - Locks

Current through Register Vol. 54, No. 28, July 13, 2024
Position locking, holding and centering devices on
						  X-ray systems shall function as intended.
The provisions of this §
														221.31a issued under sections 301
							 and 302 of the Radiation Protection Act (35 P. S.
							 §§
															7110.301 and
							 7110.302); and section 1920-A
							 of The Administrative Code of 1929 (71 P. S. §
															510-20).
This section cited in 25 Pa. Code §
														221.35a (relating to fluoroscopic
							 X-ray systems).
Pennsylvania Code › Title 25 - ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION › Part I - Department of Environmental Protection › Subpart D - Environmental Health and Safety › Article V - Radiological Health › Chapter 221 - X-RAYS IN THE HEALING ARTS › DIAGNOSTIC INSTALLATIONS GENERAL REQUIREMENTS › Section 221.32a - Radiographic beam limitation

Current through Register Vol. 54, No. 28, July 13, 2024
(a)
						The useful beam shall be limited to the area of clinical interest.
(b) The beam limiting device shall do one of
						the following:
(1) Indicate numerically the
						field size in the plane of the image receptor to which it is adjusted to within
						2% of the SID.
(2) Provide for
						visually defining the perimeter of the X-ray field except for systems designed
						for one image receptor size. The total misalignment of the edges of the
						visually defined field with the respective edges of the X-ray field may not
						exceed 2% of the distance from the source to the center of the visually defined
						field when the surface upon which it appears is perpendicular to the axis of
						the X-ray beam.
Pennsylvania Code › Title 25 - ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION › Part I - Department of Environmental Protection › Subpart D - Environmental Health and Safety › Article V - Radiological Health › Chapter 221 - X-RAYS IN THE HEALING ARTS › DIAGNOSTIC INSTALLATIONS GENERAL REQUIREMENTS › Section 221.33a - Radiation from capacitor energy storage equipment in standby status

Current through Register Vol. 54, No. 28, July 13, 2024
Radiation emitted from an X-ray tube when the exposure
						  switch or timer in not activated may not exceed a rate of 2 milliroentgens
						  (0.516 µC/kg) per hour at 5 centimeters from an accessible surface of a
						  fully charged diagnostic source assembly, with the beam-limiting device fully
						  open.
The provisions of this §
														221.33a issued under sections 301
							 and 302 of the Radiation Protection Act (35 P. S.
							 §§
															7110.301 and
							 7110.302); and section 1920-A
							 of The Administrative Code of 1929 (71 P. S. §
															510-20).
This section cited in 25 Pa. Code §
														221.35a (relating to fluoroscopic
							 X-ray systems).
Pennsylvania Code › Title 25 - ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION › Part I - Department of Environmental Protection › Subpart D - Environmental Health and Safety › Article V - Radiological Health › Chapter 221 - X-RAYS IN THE HEALING ARTS › DIAGNOSTIC INSTALLATIONS GENERAL REQUIREMENTS › Section 221.34a - Radiation exposure control

Current through Register Vol. 54, No. 28, July 13, 2024
(a)
Radiation exposure control.
A means shall be provided to
						initiate the radiation exposure by a deliberate action on the part of the
						operator, such as the depression of a switch. Radiation exposure may not be
						initiated without such an action.
(b)
Visual indication and audible
						signal
. A means shall be provided for visual indication observable
						from the operator's protected position whenever X-rays are produced. In
						addition, a signal audible to the operator shall indicate that the exposure has
						terminated.
(c)
Termination
						of exposure
. A means shall be provided to terminate the exposure at a
						preset time interval, preset product of current and time, a preset number of
						pulses or a preset radiation exposure to the image receptor. Except for dental
						panoramic systems, termination of an exposure shall cause automatic resetting
						of the time to its initial setting or to "zero."
(d)
Manual exposure control
. An X-ray control shall be incorporated into each X-ray system which allows
						the operator to terminate an exposure at any time except for one or more of the
						following:
(1) Exposure of 1/2 second or
						less.
(2) During serial radiography
						in which case a means shall be provided to permit completion of any single
						exposure of the series in process.
Pennsylvania Code › Title 25 - ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION › Part I - Department of Environmental Protection › Subpart D - Environmental Health and Safety › Article V - Radiological Health › Chapter 221 - X-RAYS IN THE HEALING ARTS › DIAGNOSTIC INSTALLATIONS GENERAL REQUIREMENTS › Section 221.35a - Fluoroscopic X-ray systems

Current through Register Vol. 54, No. 28, July 13, 2024
(a)
General requirements.
Fluoroscopic X-ray systems shall use an
						image intensifier and, in addition to the requirements of §§
												221.1-221.34a, shall meet the
						requirements of §§
												221.36a-221.38a (relating to limitation of
						useful beam of fluoroscopic equipment; activation of fluoroscopic tube; and
						entrance exposure rate).
(b)
Operator qualifications.
In addition to the applicable
						sections of these regulations, the operation of a fluoroscopic X-ray system for
						clinical purposes is limited to:
(1) A
						licensed practitioner working within his scope of practice.
(2) A Department-recognized radiologist
						assistant working within his scope of practice and under the direct supervision
						of a licensed practitioner working within his scope of practice.
(3) An individual who passed the American
						Registry of Radiologic Technologists exam or equivalent, holds a valid
						certification and is under the personal supervision of a licensed practitioner
						working within his scope of practice.
(4) A medical resident, radiologist assistant
						or radiologic technology student in training who is under the personal
						supervision of a licensed practitioner working within his scope of
						practice.
Pennsylvania Code › Title 25 - ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION › Part I - Department of Environmental Protection › Subpart D - Environmental Health and Safety › Article V - Radiological Health › Chapter 221 - X-RAYS IN THE HEALING ARTS › DIAGNOSTIC INSTALLATIONS GENERAL REQUIREMENTS › Section 221.37a - Activation of fluoroscopic tube

Current through Register Vol. 54, No. 28, July 13, 2024
X-ray production in the fluoroscopic mode shall be
						  controlled by a device which requires continuous pressure by the fluoroscopist
						  for the entire time of the exposure (dead-man switch). When recording serial
						  fluoroscopic images, the fluoroscopist shall be able to terminate X-ray
						  exposures at any time, but means may be provided to permit completion of any
						  single exposure of the series in process.
The provisions of this §
														221.37a issued under sections 301
							 and 302 of the Radiation Protection Act (35 P. S.
							 §§
															7110.301 and
							 7110.302); and section 1920-A
							 of The Administrative Code of 1929 (71 P. S. §
															510-20).
This section cited in 25 Pa. Code §
														221.35a (relating to fluoroscopic
							 X-ray systems); 25 Pa. Code §
														221.43a (relating to mobile
							 fluoroscopes); and 25 Pa. Code §
														221.61 (relating to radiation
							 therapy simulation systems).
Pennsylvania Code › Title 25 - ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION › Part I - Department of Environmental Protection › Subpart D - Environmental Health and Safety › Article V - Radiological Health › Chapter 221 - X-RAYS IN THE HEALING ARTS › DIAGNOSTIC INSTALLATIONS GENERAL REQUIREMENTS › Section 221.38a - Entrance exposure rate

Current through Register Vol. 54, No. 28, July 13, 2024
(a)
Fluoroscopic systems without high level control.
The exposure
						rate may not exceed 10 roentgens (2.58 mC/kg) per minute except during
						recording of fluoroscopic images.
(b)
Fluoroscopic systems with high
						level control.
(1) When the high
						level control is activated, the maximum exposure rate shall be 20 roentgens
						(5.16 mC/kg) per minute.
(2) When
						the high level control is not activated, the maximum exposure rate shall be 10
						roentgens (2.58 mC/kg) per minute.
(3) Special means of activation of high level
						controls are required. The high level control shall only be operable when
						continuous manual activation is provided by the operator.
(4) There shall be an indication to the
						fluoroscopist that the high level control is being used.
Pennsylvania Code › Title 25 - ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION › Part I - Department of Environmental Protection › Subpart D - Environmental Health and Safety › Article V - Radiological Health › Chapter 221 - X-RAYS IN THE HEALING ARTS › DIAGNOSTIC INSTALLATIONS GENERAL REQUIREMENTS › Section 221.39a - Barrier transmitted radiation rate limits

Current through Register Vol. 54, No. 28, July 13, 2024
The protective barrier may not transmit more than 2
						  milliroentgens (.516 µmC/kg) per hour at 10 centimeters from an
						  accessible surface of the fluoroscopic imaging assembly for each roentgen per
						  minute of entrance exposure rate.
The provisions of this §
														221.39a issued under sections 301
							 and 302 of the Radiation Protection Act (35 P. S.
							 §§
															7110.301 and
							 7110.302); and section 1920-A
							 of The Administrative Code of 1929 (71 P. S. §
															510-20).
This section cited in 25 Pa. Code §
														221.43a (relating to mobile
							 fluoroscopes).
Pennsylvania Code › Title 25 - ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION › Part I - Department of Environmental Protection › Subpart D - Environmental Health and Safety › Article V - Radiological Health › Chapter 221 - X-RAYS IN THE HEALING ARTS › DIAGNOSTIC INSTALLATIONS GENERAL REQUIREMENTS › Section 221.40a - Indication of tube voltage and current

Current through Register Vol. 54, No. 28, July 13, 2024
During fluoroscopy and cinefluorography, the voltage
						  and the current shall be continuously indicated.
The provisions of this §
														221.40a issued under sections 301
							 and 302 of the Radiation Protection Act (35 P. S.
							 §§
															7110.301 and
							 7110.302); and section 1920-A
							 of The Administrative Code of 1929 (71 P. S. §
															510-20).
This section cited in 25 Pa. Code §
														221.43a (relating to mobile
							 fluoroscopes); and 25 Pa. Code §
														221.61 (relating to radiation
							 therapy simulation systems).
Pennsylvania Code › Title 25 - ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION › Part I - Department of Environmental Protection › Subpart D - Environmental Health and Safety › Article V - Radiological Health › Chapter 221 - X-RAYS IN THE HEALING ARTS › DIAGNOSTIC INSTALLATIONS GENERAL REQUIREMENTS › Section 221.41a - Fluoroscopic timer

Current through Register Vol. 54, No. 28, July 13, 2024
A cumulative timing device activated by the fluoroscope
						  switch shall be provided. It shall indicate the passage of a predetermined
						  period of irradiation either by an audible signal or by temporary or permanent
						  interruption of the irradiation when the increment of exposure time exceeds a
						  predetermined limit not exceeding 5 minutes.
The provisions of this §
														221.41a issued under sections 301
							 and 302 of the Radiation Protection Act (35 P. S.
							 §§
															7110.301 and
							 7110.302); and section 1920-A
							 of The Administrative Code of 1929 (71 P. S. §
															510-20).
This section cited in 25 Pa. Code §
														221.43a (relating to mobile
							 fluoroscopes); and 25 Pa. Code §
														221.61 (relating to radiation
							 therapy simulation systems).
Pennsylvania Code › Title 25 - ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION › Part I - Department of Environmental Protection › Subpart D - Environmental Health and Safety › Article V - Radiological Health › Chapter 221 - X-RAYS IN THE HEALING ARTS › DIAGNOSTIC INSTALLATIONS GENERAL REQUIREMENTS › Section 221.42a - Control of scattered radiation

Current through Register Vol. 54, No. 28, July 13, 2024
(a) Fluoroscopic table designs when combined
						with normal operating procedures shall be of a type so no unprotected part of
						the staff or an ancillary individual's whole body is exposed to unattenuated
						scattered radiation which originates from under the table. The attenuation
						required may be not less than .25 millimeter lead equivalent.
(b) Equipment configuration when combined
						with normal operating procedures shall be of a type so that no portion of the
						staff or an ancillary individual's whole body, except the extremities, is
						exposed to the unattenuated scattered radiation emanating from above the table
						top unless one of the following criteria is met:
(1) The individual is at least 120
						centimeters from the center of the useful beam.
(2) The radiation has passed through at least
						.25 millimeter of lead equivalent material-for example, drapes, bucky-slot
						cover (film-tray cover panel), sliding or folding panel or self supporting
						curtains-in addition to lead equivalency provided by the protective apron
						referred to in §
													221.11(e)
						(relating to registrant responsibilities).
Pennsylvania Code › Title 25 - ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION › Part I - Department of Environmental Protection › Subpart D - Environmental Health and Safety › Article V - Radiological Health › Chapter 221 - X-RAYS IN THE HEALING ARTS › DIAGNOSTIC INSTALLATIONS GENERAL REQUIREMENTS › Section 221.43a - Mobile fluoroscopes

Current through Register Vol. 54, No. 28, July 13, 2024
In addition to the other requirements of §§
												221.35a-221.42a, mobile fluoroscopes shall
						  provide image intensification.
The provisions of this §
														221.43a issued under sections 301
							 and 302 of the Radiation Protection Act (35 P. S.
							 §§
															7110.301 and
							 7110.302); and section 1920-A
							 of The Administrative Code of 1929 (71 P. S. §
															510-20).
Pennsylvania Code › Title 25 - ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION › Part I - Department of Environmental Protection › Subpart D - Environmental Health and Safety › Article V - Radiological Health › Chapter 221 - X-RAYS IN THE HEALING ARTS › DIAGNOSTIC INSTALLATIONS GENERAL REQUIREMENTS › Section 221.50 - Facilities using CR or DR

Current through Register Vol. 54, No. 28, July 13, 2024
(a)
						When exposure indicators are available, the facility shall establish, document
						and post an acceptable range for the exposure values for examinations routinely
						performed at the facility. The indicated exposure values for each image shall
						be compared to the established range. Consistent deviations from established
						ranges shall be investigated, corrective actions taken as necessary and results
						documented.
(b) Facilities shall
						establish and follow an image QC program in accordance with the recommendations
						of a QMP, the system manufacturer or a nationally-recognized
						organization.
(c) Facilities other
						than dental, podiatric and veterinary shall complete phantom image evaluation
						using a phantom approved by a QMP, system manufacturer or the Department. The
						evaluation shall be completed on a quarterly basis and include, at a minimum,
						all of the following:
(1)
						Artifacts.
(2) Spatial
						resolution.
(3)
						Contrast/noise.
(4) Workstation
						monitors.
(5) Exposure indicator
						constancy.
Pennsylvania Code › Title 25 - ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION › Part I - Department of Environmental Protection › Subpart D - Environmental Health and Safety › Article V - Radiological Health › Chapter 221 - X-RAYS IN THE HEALING ARTS › OTHER SYSTEMS › Section 221.61 - Radiation therapy simulation systems

Current through Register Vol. 54, No. 28, July 13, 2024
(a) Fluoroscopic systems used solely for
						radiation therapy simulations shall only comply with §§
												221.35a(a) and
						(b),
						221.37a,
						221.40a and
						221.41a. The requirements in
						§
												221.41a (relating to fluoroscopic
						timer) may also be satisfied if a means is provided to indicate the cumulative
						time that an individual patient has been exposed to X-rays. In this case,
						procedures shall require that the timer be reset between
						examinations.
(b) CT units used
						solely for therapy simulations shall comply with §§
												221.202(h)(1), (7) and
						(8) and
						221.203 (relating to equipment
						requirements; and facility design requirements).
The provisions of this §
														221.61 issued and amended under
							 sections 301 and 302 of the Radiation Protection Act (35 P.S.
							 §§
															7110.301 and
							 7110.302); and section 1920-A
							 of The Administrative Code of 1929 (71 P.S. §
															510-20).
Pennsylvania Code › Title 25 - ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION › Part I - Department of Environmental Protection › Subpart D - Environmental Health and Safety › Article V - Radiological Health › Chapter 221 - X-RAYS IN THE HEALING ARTS › OTHER SYSTEMS › Section 221.63 - Therapy imaging guidance systems

Current through Register Vol. 54, No. 28, July 13, 2024
(a)
						The QMP shall develop QC procedures and tolerances for therapy imaging guidance
						systems following nationally-recognized standards or those recommended by the
						manufacturer.
(b) If a system is a
						CBCT, it must conform to the requirements of §
												221.64 (relating to
						CBCT).
The provisions of this §
														221.63 issued under sections 301
							 and 302 of the Radiation Protection Act (35 P.S.
							 §§
															7110.301 and
							 7110.302); and section 1920-A
							 of the Administrative Code (71 P.S. §
															510.20).
Pennsylvania Code › Title 25 - ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION › Part I - Department of Environmental Protection › Subpart D - Environmental Health and Safety › Article V - Radiological Health › Chapter 221 - X-RAYS IN THE HEALING ARTS › OTHER SYSTEMS › Section 221.64 - CBCT

Current through Register Vol. 54, No. 28, July 13, 2024
(a) The following
						radiation measurements shall be evaluated annually and as soon as practical
						after a component repair or change which, in the opinion of the QMP or QE, may
						affect the performance of the CBCT unit:
(1)
Beam alignment.
The X-ray field in the plane of the image
						receptor may not exceed beyond the edge of the image receptor by more than 2%
						of the SID, when the axis of the X-ray beam is perpendicular to the plane of
						the image receptor. In addition, the center of the X-ray field must be aligned
						with the center of the image receptor to within 2% of the SID.
(2) A performance evaluation shall be
						performed by or under the direct supervision of a QMP or QE. The evaluation
						shall follow nationally-recognized standards and tolerances or those
						recommended by the manufacturer. The evaluation shall be performed within 30
						days of initial installation, at intervals not to exceed 14 months, and within
						30 days after any change or replacement of components which could cause a
						change in the radiation output or image quality.
(3) The registrant shall document and
						implement QC guidelines in accordance with nationally-recognized
						guidelines.
(4) The registrant
						shall document and implement a policy addressing deviations from established
						protocols.
(5) In addition to the
						requirements of §
													221.16 (relating to training,
						competency and continuing education), the CBCT X-ray system shall only be
						operated by an individual who has been specifically trained in its
						operation.
(6) The facility shall
						maintain documentation of the established standards and tolerances and testing
						results for 5 years for inspection by the Department.
Pennsylvania Code › Title 25 - ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION › Part I - Department of Environmental Protection › Subpart D - Environmental Health and Safety › Article V - Radiological Health › Chapter 221 - X-RAYS IN THE HEALING ARTS › OTHER SYSTEMS › Section 221.65 - X-ray attenuation systems

Current through Register Vol. 54, No. 28, July 13, 2024
CT systems solely used to calculate attenuation
						  coefficients or for image registration in nuclear medicine studies must meet
						  the requirements in §§
												221.202-221.205 unless otherwise exempted
						  as follows:
(1) CT systems identified
						in this section are exempt from §§
												221.202(a) and
						221.204(a)(4)(xi)
						 (relating to equipment requirements; and
						performance evaluations, routine QC and surveys).
(2) Instead of §
												221.204(a)
						(relating to performance evaluations, routine QC and surveys), the registrant
						shall complete a performance evaluation on the CT system following the
						recommendations of a QMP, the system manufacturer or a nationally-recognized
						organization at intervals not to exceed 14 months.
(3) Instead of §
												221.204(b),
						checks shall be established and documented by the registrant following
						nationally-recognized guidelines or those recommended by the
						manufacturer.
The provisions of this §
														221.65 issued under sections 301
							 and 302 of the Radiation Protection Act (35 P.S.
							 §§
															7110.301 and
							 7110.302); and section 1920-A
							 of the Administrative Code (71 P.S. §
															510.20).
Pennsylvania Code › Title 25 - ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION › Part I - Department of Environmental Protection › Subpart D - Environmental Health and Safety › Article V - Radiological Health › Chapter 221 - X-RAYS IN THE HEALING ARTS › THERAPEUTIC X-RAY SYSTEMS WITH ENERGIES LESS THAN 1 MEV › Section 221.71 - Equipment requirements

Current through Register Vol. 54, No. 28, July 13, 2024
(a) When
						the tube is operated at its leakage technique factors, the leakage radiation
						may not exceed:
(1) One hundred milliroentgens
						(25.8µC/kg) per hour at 5 centimeters from the surface of the tube
						housing assembly for contact therapy systems.
(2) One roentgen (.258 mC/kg) per hour at 1
						meter from the source for 0-150 kVp systems manufactured or installed prior to
						December 19, 1987.
(3) One hundred
						milliroentgens (25.8µC/kg) per hour at 1 meter from the source for 0-150
						kVp systems manufactured on or after December 19, 1987.
(4) One roentgen (.258 mC/kg) per hour at 1
						meter from the source for 151 to 500 kVp systems.
(5) One-tenth percent of the exposure rate of
						the useful beam 1 meter from the source for 501 to 999 kVp systems at 1 meter
						from the source.
Pennsylvania Code › Title 25 - ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION › Part I - Department of Environmental Protection › Subpart D - Environmental Health and Safety › Article V - Radiological Health › Chapter 221 - X-RAYS IN THE HEALING ARTS › THERAPEUTIC X-RAY SYSTEMS WITH ENERGIES LESS THAN 1 MEV › Section 221.72 - Facility design requirements for systems capable of operating above 50 kVp

Current through Register Vol. 54, No. 28, July 13, 2024
(a) Provision shall
						be made to permit continuous observation of and communication with the patient
						during irradiation.
(b) Windows,
						mirror systems or closed-circuit television viewing screens used for observing
						the patient shall be so located that the operator can maintain direct
						surveillance over both the control panel and the patient.
(c) Treatment rooms which contain an X-ray
						system capable of operating above 150 kVp shall meet the following additional
						requirements:
(1) Necessary shielding, except
						for a beam interceptor, shall be provided by fixed barriers.
(2) The control panel shall be outside the
						treatment room or in a shielded booth.
(3) Doors of the treatment room shall be
						electrically interlocked to the control panel so that X-ray production cannot
						occur unless entrance doors are closed.
(4) Interlocks shall be provided so that,
						when a door of the treatment room is opened, either the machine will shut off
						automatically or the radiation level within the room will be reduced to an
						average of not more than two milliroentgens (.52 µC/kg) per hour and a
						maximum of ten milliroentgens (2.58 µC/kg) per hour at a distance of 1
						meter in any direction from the target; or interlocks shall energize a
						conspicuous visible or audible alarm signal so that the individual entering and
						the operator are made aware of the entry. After a shut-off or reduction in
						output, it shall be possible to restore the machine to full operation only from
						the control panel.
(5) Treatment
						room entrances shall be provided with warning lights, which will indicate when
						the useful beam is on, in a readily observable position near the outside of
						access doors.
Pennsylvania Code › Title 25 - ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION › Part I - Department of Environmental Protection › Subpart D - Environmental Health and Safety › Article V - Radiological Health › Chapter 221 - X-RAYS IN THE HEALING ARTS › THERAPEUTIC X-RAY SYSTEMS WITH ENERGIES LESS THAN 1 MEV › Section 221.73 - Surveys

Current through Register Vol. 54, No. 28, July 13, 2024
(a) A facility
						shall have a survey made by, or under the direction of, a qualified expert. The
						survey shall also be done after a change in the facility or equipment which
						might cause a change in radiation levels.
(b) The qualified expert or radiological
						physicist shall report the survey results in writing to the individual in
						charge of the facility and a copy of the report shall be maintained by the
						registrant for inspection by the Department. The facility shall be operated in
						compliance with limitations indicated by the survey.
The provisions of this §
														221.73 issued under section 302 of
							 the Radiation Protection Act (35 P. S. §
															7110.302); and section 1920-A of The
							 Administrative Code of 1929 (71 P. S. §
															510-20); amended under sections 301 and 302
							 of the Radiation Protection Act (35 P. S. §§
															7110.301 and
							 7110.302); and section 1920-A
							 of The Administrative Code of 1929 (71 P. S. §
															510-20).
Pennsylvania Code › Title 25 - ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION › Part I - Department of Environmental Protection › Subpart D - Environmental Health and Safety › Article V - Radiological Health › Chapter 221 - X-RAYS IN THE HEALING ARTS › THERAPEUTIC X-RAY SYSTEMS WITH ENERGIES LESS THAN 1 MEV › Section 221.74 - Calibration

Current through Register Vol. 54, No. 28, July 13, 2024
(a) The calibration
						of an X-ray system shall be performed at intervals not to exceed 1 year and
						after a change of replacement of components which could cause a change in the
						radiation output.
(b) The
						calibration of the radiation output of the X-ray system shall be performed by
						or under the direction of a qualified expert for radiation therapy calibration
						who is physically present at the facility during the calibration.
(c) The calibration of the radiation output
						of an X-ray system shall be performed with a calibrated instrument. The
						calibration of the instrument shall be traceable to a National standard. The
						instrument shall have been calibrated within the preceding 2 years.
(d) Calibrations made under this section
						shall be made so that the dose at a reference point in soft tissue may be
						calculated as accurately as possible but with an uncertainty of no greater than
						5%.
(e) The calibration of the
						X-ray system shall include, but is not limited to, the following
						determinations:
(1) The exposure rates for
						each combination of field size, technique factors, filter and treatment
						distance used.
(2) The degree of
						congruence between the radiation field and the field indicated by the
						localizing device if a device is present.
(3) An evaluation of the uniformity of the
						largest radiation field used.
Pennsylvania Code › Title 25 - ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION › Part I - Department of Environmental Protection › Subpart D - Environmental Health and Safety › Article V - Radiological Health › Chapter 221 - X-RAYS IN THE HEALING ARTS › THERAPEUTIC X-RAY SYSTEMS WITH ENERGIES LESS THAN 1 MEV › Section 221.75 - Spot checks

Current through Register Vol. 54, No. 28, July 13, 2024
Spot checks shall be performed on X-ray systems capable
						  of operation at greater than 150 kVp. The spot checks shall meet the following
						  requirements:
(1) The procedures shall
						be in writing and shall have been developed by a qualified expert for radiation
						therapy calibration.
(2) If a
						radiological physicist does not perform the spot check measurements, the
						results of the spot check measurements shall be reviewed by a radiological
						physicist within 15 days.
(3) The
						measurements taken during the spot checks shall demonstrate the degree of
						consistency of the operating characteristics which can affect the radiation
						output of the X-ray system.
(4) The
						spot-check procedure shall specify the frequency at which tests or measurements
						are to be performed and the acceptable tolerance for each parameter measured in
						the spot check when compared to the value for that parameter determined in the
						calibration specified in §
												221.74 (relating to
						calibration).
(5) The procedure
						shall also note conditions which require that the system be recalibrated under
						§ 221.74.
(6) Records of
						spot-check measurements performed under this section shall be maintained by the
						registrant for 5 years following the measurement.
(7) Spot check measurements shall be
						performed using a dosimetry system that has been calibrated under §
												221.74(c).
						Alternatively, a dosimetry system used solely for spot check measurements may
						be calibrated by direct intercomparison with a system that has been calibrated
						under §
												221.74(c). The
						alternative calibration method shall have been performed within the previous
						year and after each servicing that may have affected the system
						calibration.
The provisions of this §
														221.75 issued under section 302 of
							 the Radiation Protection Act (35 P.S. §
															7110.302); and section 1920-A of The
							 Administrative Code of 1929 (71 P.S. §
															510-20); amended under sections 301 and 302
							 of the Radiation Protection Act (35 P.S. §§
															7110.301 and
							 7110.302); and section 1920-A
							 of The Administrative Code of 1929 (71 P.S. §
															510-20).
This section cited in 25 Pa. Code §
														216.1 (relating to purpose and
							 scope); and 25 Pa. Code §
														216.3 (relating to
							 exemptions).
Pennsylvania Code › Title 25 - ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION › Part I - Department of Environmental Protection › Subpart D - Environmental Health and Safety › Article V - Radiological Health › Chapter 221 - X-RAYS IN THE HEALING ARTS › THERAPEUTIC X-RAY SYSTEMS WITH ENERGIES LESS THAN 1 MEV › Section 221.76 - Operating procedures

Current through Register Vol. 54, No. 28, July 13, 2024
(a)
						Therapeutic X-ray systems shall be secured to prevent unauthorized use whenever
						the system is unattended.
(b) If a
						patient is held in position for radiation therapy, mechanical supporting or
						restraining devices shall be used.
(c) The tube housing assembly may not be held
						by an individual during exposures.
(d) No individual other than the patient may
						be in the treatment room during irradiation unless protected by a shielded
						booth.
(e) Interlocks, on-off beam
						control mechanisms and safety and warning devices shall be checked and
						appropriately serviced at least once in a calendar year.
The provisions of this §
														221.76 issued under section 302 of
							 the Radiation Protection Act (35 P.S. §
															7110.302); and section 1920-A of The
							 Administrative Code of 1929 (71 P.S. §
															510-20).
This section cited in 25 Pa. Code §
														216.1 (relating to purpose and
							 scope); and 25 Pa. Code §
														216.3 (relating to
							 exemptions).
Pennsylvania Code › Title 25 - ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION › Part I - Department of Environmental Protection › Subpart D - Environmental Health and Safety › Article V - Radiological Health › Chapter 221 - X-RAYS IN THE HEALING ARTS › THERAPEUTIC X-RAY SYSTEMS WITH ENERGIES LESS THAN 1 MEV › Section 221.81-221.102 - Reserved

Current through Register Vol. 54, No. 28, July 13, 2024
Pennsylvania Code › Title 25 - ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION › Part I - Department of Environmental Protection › Subpart D - Environmental Health and Safety › Article V - Radiological Health › Chapter 221 - X-RAYS IN THE HEALING ARTS › COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY X-RAY SYSTEMS › Section 221.202 - Equipment requirements

Current through Register Vol. 54, No. 28, July 13, 2024
(a)
Accreditation.
All diagnostic CT X-ray systems must be
						accredited by an accrediting organization recognized by the Department within 1
						year from first patient use.
(b)
Technical and safety information.
The technical and safety
						information relating to the conditions of operation, dose information and
						imaging performance provided by the CT manufacturer shall be maintained by the
						facility and readily accessible to the operators.
(c)
Termination of exposure.
The operator shall be able to terminate the X-ray exposure at any time during a
						scan, or series of scans under X-ray system control, of greater than 0.5 second
						duration. Termination of the X-ray exposure shall necessitate resetting of the
						conditions of operation prior to initiation of another scan.
(d)
Tomographic plane indication and
						alignment.
(1) For any single
						tomogram system, a means shall be provided to permit visual determination of
						the tomographic plane or a reference plane offset from the tomographic
						plane.
(2) For any multiple
						tomogram system, a means shall be provided to permit visual determination of
						the location of a reference plane. This reference plane may be offset from the
						location of the tomographic plane.
Pennsylvania Code › Title 25 - ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION › Part I - Department of Environmental Protection › Subpart D - Environmental Health and Safety › Article V - Radiological Health › Chapter 221 - X-RAYS IN THE HEALING ARTS › COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY X-RAY SYSTEMS › Section 221.203 - Facility design requirements

Current through Register Vol. 54, No. 28, July 13, 2024
(a)
Oral communication
.
						Provision shall be made for oral communication between the patient and the
						operator at the control panel.
(b)
Viewing systems
.
(1) A means
						shall be provided to permit continuous observation of the patient during
						irradiation and shall be located so that the operator can observe the patient
						from the control panel.
(2) If the
						primary viewing system is by electronic means, an alternate viewing system,
						which may be electronic, shall be available for use in the event of failure of
						the primary viewing system.
Pennsylvania Code › Title 25 - ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION › Part I - Department of Environmental Protection › Subpart D - Environmental Health and Safety › Article V - Radiological Health › Chapter 221 - X-RAYS IN THE HEALING ARTS › COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY X-RAY SYSTEMS › Section 221.205 - Operating procedures

Current through Register Vol. 54, No. 28, July 13, 2024
(a) In
						addition to the training requirements in §
												221.16 (relating to training,
						competency and continuing education), a CT X-ray system shall be operated only
						by an individual who has been specifically trained in its operation.
(b) All of the following information must be
						readily available to the CT operator:
(1)
						Instructions on the use of the CT phantoms and a process for reporting
						deviations in protocols including a schedule of routine QC appropriate for the
						system, allowable variations for the indicated parameters and the results of at
						least the most recent performance evaluation conducted on the system.
(2) Current protocol information available at
						the control panel which specifies for each routine examination the CT
						conditions of operation.
Pennsylvania Code › Title 25 - ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION › Part I - Department of Environmental Protection › Subpart D - Environmental Health and Safety › Article V - Radiological Health › Chapter 221 - X-RAYS IN THE HEALING ARTS › COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY X-RAY SYSTEMS › Appendix A - DETERMINATION OF COMPETENCE

Current through Register Vol. 54, No. 28, July 13, 2024
The registrant shall ensure that individuals who
						  operate diagnostic X-ray equipment have received training on the subjects
						  listed in this appendix. The individual shall be trained and competent in the
						  general operation of the X-ray equipment, and in the following subject areas,
						  as applicable to the procedures performed and the specific equipment
						  utilized:
(1) Basic properties of radiation.
(2) Units of measurement.
(3) Sources of radiation exposure.
(4) Methods of radiation protection.
(5) Biological effects of radiation exposure.
(6) X-ray equipment.
(7) Image recording and processing.
(8) Patient exposure and positioning.
(9) Procedures.
(10) Quality assurance.
(11) Regulations.
The provisions of this Appendix A issued and amended
							 under sections 301 and 302 of the Radiation Protection Act (35 P.S.
							 §§
															7110.301 and
							 7110.302); and section 1920-A
							 of The Administrative Code of 1929 (71 P.S. §
															510-20).
This appendix cited in 25 Pa. Code §
														221.11 (relating to registrant
							 responsibilities); 25 Pa. Code §
														223.31 (relating to registrant
							 responsibilities); and 25 Pa. Code §
														228.35 (relating to operating
							 procedures).
Pennsylvania Code › Title 25 - ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION › Part I - Department of Environmental Protection › Subpart D - Environmental Health and Safety › Article V - Radiological Health › Chapter 223 - VETERINARY MEDICINE › GENERAL PROVISIONS › Section 223.1 - Purpose and scope

Current through Register Vol. 54, No. 28, July 13, 2024
This chapter establishes radiation safety requirements
						  for persons utilizing radiation sources in veterinary medicine. Persons who use
						  radiation sources for veterinary medicine or research on animals shall comply
						  with this chapter. The requirements of this chapter are in addition to and not
						  in substitution for other applicable requirements of this
						  article.
Pennsylvania Code › Title 25 - ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION › Part I - Department of Environmental Protection › Subpart D - Environmental Health and Safety › Article V - Radiological Health › Chapter 223 - VETERINARY MEDICINE › GENERAL PROVISIONS › Section 223.2a - Definitions

Current through Register Vol. 54, No. 28, July 13, 2024
As used in this chapter, the following words and terms
						  have the following meanings, unless the context clearly indicates
						  otherwise:
C-Coefficient of variation
-The ratio
						  of the standard deviation to the mean value of a population of
						  observations.
Dead-man switch
-A switch so
						  constructed that a circuit closing contact can be maintained only by continuous
						  pressure on the switch by the operator.
Fluoroscopic imaging assembly
-A
						  subsystem in which X-ray photons produce a fluoroscopic image. The term
						  includes the image receptors such as the image intensifier and spot-film
						  device, electrical interlocks, if any, and structural material providing
						  linkage between the image receptor and diagnostic source assembly.
Image receptor
-A device, such as a
						  fluorescent screen or radiographic film, which transforms incident X-ray
						  photons either into a visible image or into another form which can be made into
						  a visible image by further transformations.
Leakage radiation
-Radiation emanating
						  from the diagnostic or therapeutic source assembly except for the
						  following:
(i) The useful
						beam.
(ii) Radiation produced when
						the exposure switch or timer is not activated.
The provisions of this §
														223.2a issued under sections 301
							 and 302 of the Radiation Protection Act (35 P. S.
							 §§
															7110.301 and
							 7110.302); and section 1920-A
							 of The Administrative Code of 1929 (71 P. S. §
															510-20).
Pennsylvania Code › Title 25 - ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION › Part I - Department of Environmental Protection › Subpart D - Environmental Health and Safety › Article V - Radiological Health › Chapter 223 - VETERINARY MEDICINE › GENERAL PROVISIONS › Section 223.7 - Structural shielding

Current through Register Vol. 54, No. 28, July 13, 2024
Facilities regularly used for diagnostic or therapeutic
						  veterinary X-ray procedures shall have protective barriers sufficient to assure
						  compliance with §
												219.51(Reserved).
The provisions of this §
														223.7 issued under sections 301
							 and 302 of the Radiation Protection Act (35 P. S.
							 §§
															7110-301 and
							 7110-302); and section 1920-A
							 of The Administrative Code of 1929 (71 P. S. §
															510-20).
Pennsylvania Code › Title 25 - ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION › Part I - Department of Environmental Protection › Subpart D - Environmental Health and Safety › Article V - Radiological Health › Chapter 223 - VETERINARY MEDICINE › GENERAL PROVISIONS › Section 223.8 - Operating procedures

Current through Register Vol. 54, No. 28, July 13, 2024
(a)
						Individuals, whose presence is not necessary to conduct the X-ray procedures,
						shall be located in a shielded area or at least 2 meters from the primary X-ray
						beam and X-ray tubehead.
(b)
						Mechanical supporting or restraining devices shall be used during X-ray
						procedures to hold the animal patient or films in position, when the technique
						permits.
(c) Individuals whose
						presence is necessary to conduct X-ray procedures and who are not located
						behind protective barriers or at least 2 meters from the X-ray tubehead and
						primary X-ray beam shall be protected with appropriate shielding devices such
						as lead aprons and gloves, and be positioned so that no part of their body
						except hands and forearms will be exposed to the primary beam. Appropriate
						shielding devices shall have a lead equivalent at least 0.25 millimeters of
						lead.
(d) X-ray exposures shall be
						authorized by a veterinarian.
The provisions of this §
														223.8 issued under sections 301
							 and 302 of the Radiation Protection Act (35 P. S.
							 §§
															7110.301 and
							 7110.302); and section 1920-A
							 of The Administrative Code of 1929 (71 P. S. §
															510-20).
This section cited in 25 Pa. Code §
														223.12a (relating to fluoroscopic
							 equipment).
Pennsylvania Code › Title 25 - ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION › Part I - Department of Environmental Protection › Subpart D - Environmental Health and Safety › Article V - Radiological Health › Chapter 223 - VETERINARY MEDICINE › X-RAYS › Section 223.11 - Radiographic equipment

Current through Register Vol. 54, No. 28, July 13, 2024
(a)
Leakage radiation
.
(1) The
						leakage radiation from the tube housing assembly with a beam-limiting device
						attached measured at a distance of 1 meter in any direction from the source may
						not exceed 100 milliroentgens (25.8 µC/kg) in 1 hour when the X-ray tube
						is operated at its maximum technique factors. Compliance shall be determined by
						measurements averaged over an area of 100 square centimeters with no linear
						dimension greater than 20 centimeters.
(2) The radiation emitted by a component
						other than the tube housing assembly with a beam-limiting device attached may
						not exceed 2 milliroentgens (0.516 µC/kg) in 1 hour at 5 centimeters from
						an accessible surface of the component when it is operated in an assembled
						X-ray system under conditions for which it was designed. Compliance shall be
						determined by measurements averaged over an area of 100 square centimeters with
						no linear dimension greater than 20 centimeters.