South Carolina Code of Regulations › Chapter 61 - DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL › Subchapter 61-9 - Water Pollution Control Permits › Subchapter 61-9.504 - STANDARDS FOR THE USE OR DISPOSAL OF INDUSTRIAL SLUDGE › Part D - PATHOGENS AND VECTOR ATTRACTION REDUCTION › Section 61-9.504.D.32 - Pathogens

Current through Register Vol. 48, No. 6, June 28, 2024
(a) Industrial
				  sludge -Class A
(1) The requirement in
				  section504.32(a)(2)(a)(2) and the requirements in either
				  section504.32(a)(3)(a)(3), section504.32(a)(4)(a)(4),
				  section504.32(a)(5)(a)(5), section504.32(a)(6)(a)(6),
				  section504.32(a)(7)(a)(7), or section504.32(a)(8)(a)(8) shall be met for an
				  industrial sludge to be classified Class A with respect to pathogens if
				  pathogens are expected to be present.
(2) When pathogens are expected to be present
				  and the industrial sludge is expected to attract vectors, the Class A pathogen
				  requirements in section504.32(a)(3)(a)(3) through section504.32(a)(8)(a)(8)
				  shall be met either prior to meeting or at the same time the vector attraction
				  reduction requirements in section504.33, except the vector attraction reduction
				  requirements in section504.33(b)(6)(b)(6) through section504.33(b)(8)(b)(8),
				  are met.
(3) Class A -Alternative 1
				  (Not available for composting).
(i) Either
				  the density of fecal coliform in the industrial sludge shall be less than 1000
				  Most Probable Number per gram of total solids (dry weight basis), or the
				  density of Salmonella sp. bacteria in the industrial sludge shall be less than
				  three Most Probable Number per four grams of total solids (dry weight basis) at
				  the time the industrial sludge is used or disposed; at the time the industrial
				  sludge is prepared for sale or give away in a bag or other container for
				  application to the land; or at the time the industrial sludge or material
				  derived from industrial sludge is prepared to meet the requirements in
				  section504.10(b)(b), section504.10(e)(e), or section504.10(f)(f).
(ii) The temperature of the industrial sludge
				  that is used or disposed shall be maintained at a specific value for a period
				  of time.
(A) When the percent solids of the
				  industrial sludge is seven percent or higher, the temperature of the industrial
				  sludge shall be 50 degrees Celsius or higher; the time period shall be 20
				  minutes or longer; and the temperature and time period shall be determined
				  using equation (2), except when small particles of industrial sludge are heated
				  by either warmed gases or an immiscible liquid.
D = 131,700,000 (Equation 2)
-----------
100.1400t
Where,
D = time in days.
t = temperature in degrees Celsius.
TABLE 1 OF Section 504.32--If the industrial
								  sludge is 7% solids or higher.
Temperature (Celsius)
Time
50.0 (minimum)
13.17 days
60.0
12 hours 43 minutes
65.0
2 hours 39 minutes
70.0
30 minutes
71.3
20 minutes (minimum)
(B) When the percent solids of the industrial
				  sludge is seven percent or higher and small particles of industrial sludge are
				  heated by either warmed gases or an immiscible liquid, the temperature of the
				  industrial sludge shall be 50 degrees Celsius or higher; the time period shall
				  be 15 seconds or longer; and the temperature and time period shall be
				  determined using equation (2).
TABLE 2 OF Section 504.32 If the industrial
								  sludge is 7% solids or higher and small particles of industrial sludge are
								  heated by warm gases or an immiscible liquid.
Temperature (Celsius)
Time
50.0 (minimum)
13.17 days
65.0
2 hours 39 minutes
71.3
20 minutes
80.0
1 minute 12 seconds
84.9
15 seconds (minimum)
(C) When the percent solids of the industrial
				  sludge is less than seven percent and the time period is at least 15 seconds,
				  but less than 30 minutes, the temperature and time period shall be determined
				  using equation (2).
TABLE 3 OF Section 504.32--If the industrial
								  sludge is less than 7% solids and the time period is at least 15 seconds, but
								  less than 30 minutes.
Temperature (Celsius)
Time
70.0
30 minutes (Maximum time. See (D) for greater
								  than 30 minutes)
71.3
20 minutes
75.0
6 minutes
80.0
1 minute 12 seconds
84.9
15 seconds (minimum)
(D) When the percent solids of the industrial
				  sludge is less than seven percent; the temperature of the industrial sludge is
				  50 degrees Celsius or higher; and the time period is 30 minutes or longer, the
				  temperature and time period shall be determined using equation (3).
D = 50,070,000 (Equation 3)
-----------
100.1400t
Where,
D = time in days.
t = temperature in degrees Celsius.
TABLE 4 OF Section 504.32--If the industrial
								  sludge is less than 7% solids an the temperature of the industrial sludge is 50
								  degrees Celsius or higher; and the time period is 30 minutes or longer.
Temperature (Celsius)
Time
50.0 (minimum)
5.0 days
55.0
1.0 day
60.0
4 hours 48 minutes
65.0
58 minutes
67.0
30 minutes (minimum)
(iii) The temperature used in equation (2)
				  and equation (3) will be the lowest, continuously measured temperature within
				  the reaction vessel during a 24-hour period or the lowest measured temperature
				  during any 24-hour period, if a continuous treatment process is used. If a
				  batch treatment process is used, the temperature used in the equation (2) and
				  equation (3) will be the lowest temperature measured during the batch
				  treatment.
(iv) For design
				  temperatures measuring greater than 70 degrees Celsius, continuous temperature
				  monitoring shall be required.
(4) Class A -Alternative 2
(i) Either the density of fecal coliform in
				  the industrial sludge shall be less than 1000 Most Probable Number per gram of
				  total solids (dry weight basis), or the density of Salmonella sp. bacteria in
				  the industrial sludge shall be less than three Most Probable Number per four
				  grams of total solids (dry weight basis) at the time the industrial sludge is
				  used or disposed; at the time the industrial sludge is prepared for sale or
				  give away in a bag or other container for application to the land; or at the
				  time the industrial sludge or material derived from industrial sludge is
				  prepared to meet the requirements in section504.10(b)(b), section504.10(e)(e),
				  or section504.10(f)(f).
(ii)
(A) The pH of the industrial sludge that is
				  used or disposed shall be raised to above 12 and shall remain above 12 for 72
				  hours.
(B) The temperature of the
				  industrial sludge shall be above 52 degrees Celsius for 12 hours or longer
				  during the period that the pH of the industrial sludge is above 12.
(C) At the end of the 72 hour period during
				  which the pH of the industrial sludge is above 12, the industrial sludge shall
				  be air dried to achieve a percent solids in the industrial sludge greater than
				  50 percent.
(5) Class A -Alternative 3
(i) Either the density of fecal coliform in
				  the industrial sludge shall be less than 1000 Most Probable Number per gram of
				  total solids (dry weight basis), or the density of Salmonella sp. bacteria in
				  industrial sludge shall be less than three Most Probable Number per four grams
				  of total solids (dry weight basis) at the time the industrial sludge is used or
				  disposed; at the time the industrial sludge is prepared for sale or give away
				  in a bag or other container for application to the land; or at the time the
				  industrial sludge or material derived from industrial sludge is prepared to
				  meet the requirements in section504.10(b)(b), section504.10(e)(e), or
				  section504.10(f)(f).
(ii)
(A) The industrial sludge shall be analyzed
				  prior to pathogen treatment to determine whether the industrial sludge contains
				  enteric viruses.
(B) When the
				  density of enteric viruses in the industrial sludge prior to pathogen treatment
				  is less than one Plaque-forming Unit per four grams of total solids (dry weight
				  basis), the industrial sludge is Class A with respect to enteric viruses until
				  the next monitoring episode for the industrial sludge.
(C) When the density of enteric viruses in
				  the industrial sludge prior to pathogen treatment is equal to or greater than
				  one Plaque-forming Unit per four grams of total solids (dry weight basis), the
				  industrial sludge is Class A with respect to enteric viruses when the density
				  of enteric viruses in the industrial sludge after pathogen treatment is less
				  than one Plaque-forming Unit per four grams of total solids (dry weight basis)
				  and when the values or ranges of values for the operating parameters for the
				  pathogen treatment process that produces the industrial sludge that meets the
				  enteric virus density requirement are documented.
(D) After the enteric virus reduction in
				  paragraph (a)(5)(ii)(C) of this subsection is demonstrated for the pathogen
				  treatment process, the industrial sludge continues to be Class A with respect
				  to enteric viruses when the values for the pathogen treatment process operating
				  parameters are consistent with the values or ranges of values documented in
				  paragraph (a)(5)(ii)(C) of this subsection.
(iii)
(A)
				  The industrial sludge shall be analyzed prior to pathogen treatment to
				  determine whether the industrial sludge contains viable helminth ova.
(B) When the density of viable helminth ova
				  in the industrial sludge prior to pathogen treatment is less than one per four
				  grams of total solids (dry weight basis), the industrial sludge is Class A with
				  respect to viable helminth ova until the next monitoring episode for the
				  industrial sludge.
(C) When the
				  density of viable helminth ova in the industrial sludge prior to pathogen
				  treatment is equal to or greater than one per four grams of total solids (dry
				  weight basis), the industrial sludge is Class A with respect to viable helminth
				  ova when the density of viable helminth ova in the industrial sludge after
				  pathogen treatment is less than one per four grams of total solids (dry weight
				  basis) and when the values or ranges of values for the operating parameters for
				  the pathogen treatment process that produces the industrial sludge that meets
				  the viable helminth ova density requirement are documented.
(D) After the viable helminth ova reduction
				  in paragraph (a)(5)(iii)(C) of this subsection is demonstrated for the pathogen
				  treatment process, the industrial sludge continues to be Class A with respect
				  to viable helminth ova when the values for the pathogen treatment process
				  operating parameters are consistent with the values or ranges of values
				  documented in paragraph (a)(5)(iii)(C) of this subsection.
(6) Class A -Alternative 4
(i) Either the density of fecal coliform in
				  the industrial sludge shall be less than 1000 Most Probable Number per gram of
				  total solids (dry weight basis), or the density of Salmonella sp. bacteria in
				  the industrial sludge shall be less than three Most Probable Number per four
				  grams of total solids (dry weight basis) at the time the industrial sludge is
				  used or disposed; at the time the industrial sludge is prepared for sale or
				  give away in a bag or other container for application to the land; or at the
				  time the industrial sludge or material derived from industrial sludge is
				  prepared to meet the requirements in section504.10(b)(b), section504.10(e)(e),
				  or section504.10(f)(f).
(ii) The
				  density of enteric viruses in the industrial sludge shall be less than one
				  Plaque-forming Unit per four grams of total solids (dry weight basis) at the
				  time the industrial sludge is used or disposed; at the time the industrial
				  sludge is prepared for sale or give away in a bag or other container for
				  application to the land; or at the time the industrial sludge or material
				  derived from industrial sludge is prepared to meet the requirements in
				  section504.10(b)(b), section504.10(e)(e), or section504.10(f)(f), unless
				  otherwise specified by the Department.
(iii) The density of viable helminth ova in
				  the industrial sludge shall be less than one per four grams of total solids
				  (dry weight basis) at the time the industrial sludge is used or disposed; at
				  the time the industrial sludge is prepared for sale or give away in a bag or
				  other container for application to the land; or at the time the industrial
				  sludge or material derived from industrial sludge is prepared to meet the
				  requirements in section504.10(b)(b), section504.10(e)(e), or
				  section504.10(f)(f), unless otherwise specified by the Department.
(7) Class A -Alternative 5
(i) Either the density of fecal coliform in
				  the industrial sludge shall be less than 1000 Most Probable Number per gram of
				  total solids (dry weight basis), or the density of Salmonella, sp. bacteria in
				  the industrial sludge shall be less than three Most Probable Number per four
				  grams of total solids (dry weight basis) at the time the industrial sludge is
				  used or disposed; at the time the industrial sludge is prepared for sale or
				  give away in a bag or other container for application to the land; or at the
				  time the industrial sludge or material derived from industrial sludge is
				  prepared to meet the requirements in section504.10(b)(b), section504.10(e)(e),
				  or section504.10(f)(f).
(ii)
				  Industrial sludge that is used or disposed shall be treated in one of the
				  Processes to Further Reduce Pathogens described in appendix B of this part if
				  pathogens are expected to be present.
(8) Class A -Alternative 6
(i) Either the density of fecal coliform in
				  the industrial sludge shall be less than 1000 Most Probable Number per gram of
				  total solids (dry weight basis), or the density of Salmonella, sp. bacteria in
				  the industrial sludge shall be less than three Most Probable Number per four
				  grams of total solids (dry weight basis) at the time the industrial sludge is
				  used or disposed; at the time the industrial sludge is prepared for sale or
				  give away in a bag or other container for application to the land; or at the
				  time the industrial sludge or material derived from industrial sludge is
				  prepared to meet the requirements in section504.10(b)(b), section504.10(e)(e),
				  or section504.10(f)(f).
(ii)
				  Industrial sludge that is used or disposed shall be treated in a process that
				  is equivalent to a Process to Further Reduce Pathogens, as determined by the
				  Department.