South Dakota Administrative Rules › Title 20 - PUBLIC SAFETY › Article 20:54 - STATE PLUMBING CODE › Chapter 20:54:19 - Water conditioning definitions › Section 20:54:19:01 - Definitions

Current through Register Vol. 51, page 10, July 15, 2024
Terms defined in SDCL
				  36-25-1 and Chapter 2 of the
				  Uniform Plumbing Code, 2015 edition, have the same meaning when used in
				  chapters 20:54:19 to 20:54:28, inclusive. The following terms have the meaning
				  indicated when used in these chapters:
(1) "Administrative authority," the
				individual official, board, department, or agency established and authorized by
				a state, county, city, or other political subdivision created by law to
				administer and enforce the provisions of the state plumbing code as adopted or
				amended and the State Plumbing Commission;
(2) "Acid neutralizer," see
				neutralizer;
(3) "Absorption," the
				physical, electrostatic, surface attraction of an absorbent for molecules of a
				gas, liquid, dissolved or suspended substance;
(4) "Backwash filter," any filter requiring
				reverse flow for maintenance;
(5)
				"Brine," a solution of sodium chloride or salt used for regenerating water
				softeners;
(6) "Bypass," a
				connection or a valve system that allows raw water to be supplied while the
				water conditioner is being cleaned or serviced or the media changed;
(7) "Calcium," one of the principal elements
				making up the earth's crust, the compounds of which when dissolved in water
				make the water hard. The presence of calcium in water is a factor contributing
				to the formation of scale and insoluble soap curds which are means of clearly
				identifying hard water;
(8)
				"Calcium carbonate equivalent," a term used for expressing all forms of
				hardness and other salts in the same terms;
(9) "Capacity," expressed in total gallons of
				water treated, meeting the manufacturer's specifications and produced in a
				defined period of time;
(10)
				"Cartridge," removable preformed or prepackaged component containing the filter
				media;
(11) "Cartridge filter," a
				filter using a cartridge or cartridges;
(12) "Cation exchange," in water softening,
				principally the exchange of calcium and magnesium ions in water for sodium ions
				on an insoluble ion exchange material;
(13) "Color throw," the imparting of color by
				any part of a water softener to the effluent during any state of the operating
				cycle;
(13-A) "Commission," the
				State Plumbing Commission;
(14)
				"Corrosion," the attack by water on any part of a water system, causing the
				wasting away of metal parts;
(15)
				"Cubic feet," the volumetric unit used for measuring ion exchange materials,
				measured on an in-place, back-washed, drained, and settled condition;
(16) "Disinfection," the process of
				destroying harmful microorganisms, done in accordance with § 609.9 of the
				Uniform Plumbing Code, 2015 edition;
(17) "Distributors," devices to distribute or
				collect the water;
(18) "Drain
				line," a line used to carry backwash water, spent regenerant, and rinse water
				to the waste system;
(19)
				"Effluent," the water or solution which emerges from a water conditioner during
				any phase of the operating cycle;
(20) "Filter," a device installed as part of
				the water system through which water flows for the removal of turbidity, taste,
				color, or odor;
(21) "Filter area,"
				the effective cross sectional area applicable to the surface filter media only,
				usually expressed in square feet;
(22) "Filter medium or filter media," see
				medium;
(23) "Flow rate," the
				quantity of water or regenerant flowing, or both, measured in gallons per
				minute;
(24) "Gpg," grains per
				gallons;
(25) "Grains per gallon,"
				a common basis of reporting water analysis in the United States and Canada in
				which one grain per United States gallon equals 17.1 milligrams per liter or
				17.1 parts per million and one grain per imperial gallon equals 14.3 milligrams
				per liter or 14.3 parts per million. One grain is 0.007 or 0.064
				grams;
(26) "Gpm," gallons per
				minute;
(27) "Hardness," dissolved
				calcium and magnesium salts in water, usually expressed in grains per gallon as
				calcium carbonate equivalent;
(28)
				"Hardness leakage," calcium and magnesium present in water after passing
				through a water softener;
(29)
				"Hard water," water containing calcium and magnesium salts in concentration of
				one grain per gallon or more as calcium carbonate equivalent;
(30) "Installation," the piping or valving by
				which water conditioners are connected into the water supply system, including
				a drain line;
(31) "Ion exchange,"
				a process whereby ions in solution are interchanged by a reactive material. See
				ion exchanger;
(32) "Ion
				exchanger," an insoluble reactive material capable of interchanging ions
				combined with the material for ions in the solution;
(33) "Iron," an element often present in
				ground waters in a soluble form, such as ferrous bicarbonate, in quantities
				usually ranging from zero to ten parts per million;
(34) "Magnesium," one of the elements making
				up the earth's crust, the compounds of which when dissolved in water make the
				water hard;
(35) "Manganese
				greensand," a processed, natural alumino silicate, converted to the oxidized
				manganese form, which is a granular material, generally used for the removal of
				iron or sulphides, in oxidizing filters;
(36) "Manganese zeolite," a processed natural
				or synthetic alumino silicate, converted to the oxidized manganese form. See
				manganese greensand;
(37) "Media,"
				plural of medium;
(38) "Medium,"
				the active material in a filter;
(39) "Micron," a linear measure of size 0.001
				of a millimeter, denoted by the Greek letter symbol m, used in filtration work
				to define particle size, referring to the diameter or the largest dimension of
				the particle; also used to measure the size of pores, openings, or wire
				mesh;
(40) "Neutralizer" or
				"neutralizing filter," a type of filter mainly used to neutralize acidity or
				reduce free carbon dioxide in water;
(41) "Operating pressure," the pressure range
				within which equipment properly functions;
(42) "Ppm," parts per million;
(43) "Psi," pounds per square inch;
(44) "Parts per million," a common basis of
				reporting water analysis in the United States and Canada in which one part per
				million or ppm equals one pound per million pounds of water; 17.1 ppm equals
				one grain per United States gallon; 14.3 ppm equals one grain per imperial
				gallon. The metric equivalent is milligrams per liter;
(45) "pH value," a number denoting alkalinity
				or acidity. Numbers below seven indicate acidity, which increases as the number
				becomes smaller. Numbers above seven indicate alkalinity, which increases as
				the number becomes larger. The pH scale runs from zero to fourteen. Seven is
				the neutral point;
(46) "Precoat,"
				the application of a loose filter medium to a supporting membrane;
(47) "Pressure drop or pressure loss," a
				differential in pressure during flow due to frictional resistance in the
				system. It may be expressed in pounds per square inch or psi of feet of head of
				water;
(48) "Rated service flow,"
				the manufacturer's specified maximum flow at which the conditioner will deliver
				water for a minimum period of 10 minutes at a pressure drop not to exceed 15
				psi;
(49) "Rated softening
				capacity," softener capacity rating based on grains of hardness removed, as
				calcium carbonate, while producing soft water between successive regenerations,
				related to pounds of salt required for each regeneration;
(50) "Raw water," water at the inlet of the
				water treating unit;
(51)
				"Regeneration," in general, the backwash, brine, and fresh water rinse steps
				necessary to prepare the exchanger bed for service after exhaustion.
				Specifically, the "brine" step in which a sodium chloride solution is passed
				through the exchanger bed and the sodium ions displace the hardness ions from
				the exchanger to permit the hardness to be rinsed to drain. Also includes
				maintenance steps;
(52) "Resin,"
				the term used to designate a synthetic organic ion exchange material such as
				high capacity cation exchange resin widely used in water softeners;
(53) "Rinse," that part of the cycle of a
				water conditioner operation where water is introduced to remove spent backwash
				water or regenerant, or both, prior to placing the conditioner into
				service;
(54) "Salt," high purity
				sodium chloride in a granular, rock, or briquetted form used for regenerating a
				water softener;
(55) "Service run,"
				that part of the operating cycle of a water conditioner in which the raw water
				supply is passed through a conditioner, thereby producing quality
				water;
(56) "Shielded" or
				"insulated," the separation of metallic parts by a nonconductor;
(57) "Soft water," water containing less than
				one grain per gallon dissolved calcium and magnesium salts, as calcium
				carbonate equivalent;
(58)
				"Suspended matter," all undissolved material in water;
(59) "Turbidity," the term used to define any
				undissolved materials in water, such as finely divided particles of sand or
				clay;
(60) "U," see
				micron;
(61) "Upflow," a term
				applied to designate the upward direction in which water flows through the ion
				exchange during any phase of the operating cycle;
(62) "Water softener," a device installed as
				part of a water system which produces soft water by cation exchange removing
				calcium and magnesium or hardness from flowing water, replacing it with sodium,
				thereby requiring periodic regeneration with sodium chloride or salt;
(63) "Zeolite," a processed natural or
				synthetic alumino silicate. See also manganese greensand, manganese
				zeolite.
General Authority:
SDCL
					 36-25-14,
					 36-25-15.
Law Implemented:
SDCL
					 36-25-15.
Definitions, §
											20:53:04:01.
Uniform Plumbing Code,
2015 edition,
					 International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical Officials. Copies may be
					 obtained from the International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical
					 Officials, 5001 East Philadelphia Street, Ontario, CA 91761. Cost
					 $143.