Oregon Administrative Rules › Chapter 333 - OREGON HEALTH AUTHORITY, PUBLIC HEALTH DIVISION › Division 106 - X-RAYS IN THE HEALING ARTS › Section 333-106-0005 - Definitions

Current through Register Vol. 63, No. 7, July 1, 2024
As used in this division, the following definitions
				apply:
(1) "Accessible surface" means
			 the external surface of the enclosure or housing provided by the
			 manufacturer.
(2) "Added
			 filtration" means any filtration that is in addition to the inherent
			 filtration.
(3) "Advanced practice
			 registered nurse (APRN)" means a clinical nurse specialist, certified nurse
			 anesthetist, or nurse practitioner licensed or state certified by the Oregon
			 State Board of Nursing.
(4)
			 "Aluminum equivalent" means the thickness of type 1100 aluminum alloy affording
			 the same attenuation, under specified conditions, as the material in question.
NOTE: The nominal chemical composition of type 1100 aluminum
				alloy is 99.00 percent minimum aluminum, 0.12 percent copper.
(5) "Applications training" means a vendor or
			 manufacturer providing training for specific X-ray equipment.
(6) "A.R.R.T." means the American Registry of
			 Radiologic Technologists.
(7)
			 "Assembler" means any person engaged in the business of assembling, replacing,
			 or installing one or more components into an X-ray system or subsystem. The
			 term includes the owner of an X-ray system or his or her employee or agent who
			 assembles components into an X-ray system that is subsequently used to provide
			 professional or commercial services.
(8) "Attenuation block" means a block or
			 stack, having dimensions 20 centimeters (cm) by 20 cm by 3.8 cm, of type 1100
			 aluminum alloy or other materials having equivalent attenuation.
(9) "Authority approved instructor" means an
			 individual who has been evaluated and approved by the Authority to teach
			 radiation safety.
(10) "Authority
			 approved training course" means a course of training that has been evaluated
			 and approved by the Authority.
(11)
			 "Automatic exposure control (AEC)" means a device that automatically controls
			 one or more technique factors in order to obtain at a pre-selected location(s)
			 a required quantity of radiation. (See also "Photo timer".)
(12) "Barrier" (see "Protective
			 barrier").
(13) "Beam axis" means a
			 line from the source through the centers of the X-ray fields.
(14) "Beam-limiting device" means a device
			 that provides a means to restrict the dimensions of the X-ray field.
(15) "Beam monitoring system" means a system
			 designed to detect and measure the radiation present in the useful
			 beam.
(16) "C-arm X-ray system"
			 means an X-ray system in which the image receptor and X-ray tube housing are
			 connected by a common mechanical support system in order to maintain a desired
			 spatial relationship. This system is designed to allow a change in the
			 projection of the beam through the patient without a change in the position of
			 the patient.
(17) "Cephalometric
			 device" means a device intended for the radiographic visualization and
			 measurement of the dimensions of the human head.
(18) "Certified components" means components
			 of X-ray systems that are subject to the X-ray Equipment Performance Standards
			 promulgated under Public Law 90-602, the Radiation Control Agency for Health
			 and Safety Act of 1968.
(19)
			 "Certified system" means any X-ray system that has one or more certified
			 component(s).
(20) "Changeable
			 filters" means any filter, exclusive of inherent filtration, which can be
			 removed from the useful beam through any electronic, mechanical or physical
			 process.
(21) "Coefficient of
			 variation (C)" means the ratio of the standard deviation to the mean value of a
			 set of observations.
(22) "Computed
			 tomography (CT)" means the production of a tomogram by the acquisition and
			 computer processing of X-ray transmission data.
(23) "Computed radiography (CR)" means
			 creating an X-ray image using plates consisting of a photo stimulable phosphor
			 (PSP) that when exposed to radiation and then processed by a scanner, provides
			 the information to a computer for display and manipulation.
(24) "Contact therapy system" means an X-ray
			 system used for therapy with the tube port placed in contact with or within
			 five centimeters of the surface being treated.
(25) "Control panel" means that part of the
			 X-ray control upon which are mounted the switches, knobs, pushbuttons and other
			 hardware necessary for manually setting the technique factors.
(26) "Cooling curve" means the graphical
			 relationship between heat units stored and cooling time.
(27) "Dead-man switch" means a switch so
			 constructed that a circuit closing contact can be maintained only by continuous
			 pressure on the switch by the operator.
(28) "Dental therapist" means a person
			 licensed to practice dental therapy under ORS 679.603.
(29) "Detector" (see "Radiation
			 detector").
(30) "Diagnostic X-ray
			 imaging system" means an assemblage of components for the generation, emission,
			 and reception of X-rays and the transformation, storage, and visual display of
			 the resultant X-ray image.
(31)
			 "Diagnostic source assembly" means the tube housing assembly with a
			 beam-limiting device attached.
(32)
			 "Diagnostic-type protective tube housing" means a tube housing so constructed
			 that the leakage radiation measured at a distance of one meter from the source
			 does not exceed 100 milliroentgens (mR) in one hour when the tube is operated
			 at its leakage technique factors.
(33) "Diagnostic X-ray system" means an X-ray
			 system designed for irradiation of any part of the human body or animal body
			 for the purpose of diagnosis or visualization.
(34) "Direct digital radiography (DR)"" means
			 creating an X-ray image by sending signals directly from a digital image
			 receptor to a computer for display and manipulation.
(35) "Direct scattered radiation" means that
			 scattered radiation which has been deviated in direction only by materials
			 irradiated by the useful beam (see "Scattered radiation").
(36) "Entrance exposure rate" means the
			 exposure free in air per unit of time.
(37) "Field emission equipment" means
			 equipment which uses a tube in which electron emission from the cathode is due
			 solely to the action of an electric field.
(38) "Filter" means material placed in the
			 useful beam to absorb preferentially selected radiations.
(39) "Fluoroscopic benchmark" means a
			 standard based upon the average cumulative fluoroscopic on-time normally found
			 to be used for a specific fluoroscopic procedure at the site.
(40) "Fluoroscopic imaging assembly" means a
			 subsystem in which X-ray photons produce a visible image. It includes the image
			 receptor(s) such as the image intensifier and spot-film device, electrical
			 interlocks, if any, and structural material providing linkage between the image
			 receptor and diagnostic source assembly.
(41) "Fluoroscopic X-ray equipment operator"
			 means any individual who, adjusts technique factors, activates the exposure
			 switch or button of a fluoroscopic X-ray machine or physically positions
			 patients or animals. Human holders, used solely for immobilization purposes
			 (example being veterinarian human holders) are excluded from this
			 rule.
(42) "Focal spot" means the
			 area projected on the anode of the tube by the electrons accelerated from the
			 cathode and from which the useful beam originates.
(43) "General purpose radiographic X-ray
			 system" means any radiographic X-ray system which, by design, is not limited to
			 radiographic examination of specific anatomical regions.
(44) "Half-value layer (HVL)" means the
			 thickness of specified material which attenuates the beam of radiation to an
			 extent such that the exposure rate is reduced to one-half of its original
			 value. In this definition, the contribution of all scattered radiation, other
			 than any which might be present initially in the beam concerned, is deemed to
			 be excluded.
(45) "Healing arts
			 screening" means the testing of human beings using X-ray machines for the
			 detection or evaluation of health indications when such tests are not
			 specifically and individually ordered by an Oregon licensed practitioner of the
			 healing arts legally authorized to prescribe such X-ray tests for the purpose
			 of diagnosis or treatment.
(46)
			 "Heat unit" means a unit of energy equal to the product of the peak
			 kilovoltage, milliamperes and seconds, example being kVp x mA x
			 second.
(47) "HVL" (see "Half-value
			 layer").
(48) "Image intensifier"
			 means a device, installed in its housing, which instantaneously converts an
			 X-ray pattern into a corresponding light image of higher energy
			 density.
(49) "Image receptor"
			 means any device, such as a fluorescent screen or radiographic film, which
			 transforms incident photons either into a visible image or into another form
			 which can be made into a visible image by further transformations.
(50) "Inherent filtration" means the
			 filtration of the useful beam provided by the permanently installed components
			 of the tube housing assembly.
(51)
			 "Interlock" means a device arranged or connected such that the occurrence of an
			 event or condition is required before a second event or condition can occur or
			 continue to occur.
(52)
			 "Irradiation" means the exposure of matter to ionizing radiation.
(53) "Kilovolt-peak" (see "Peak tube
			 potential").
(54) "kV" means
			 kilovolts.
(55) "kVp" (see "Peak
			 tube potential").
(56) "kWs" means
			 kilowatt second.
(57) "Lead
			 equivalent" means the thickness of lead affording the same attenuation, under
			 specified conditions, as the material in question.
(58) "Leakage radiation" means radiation
			 emanating from the diagnostic or therapeutic source assembly except for:
(a) The useful beam; and
(b) Radiation produced when the exposure
			 switch or timer is not activated.