Ohio Administrative Code › Title 3701:1 - Radiation Control › Chapter 3701:1-54 - Radiation Generator and Broker Reporting Requirements › Section 3701:1-54-10 - Land disposal - waste classifications and characteristics

Current through all regulations passed and filed through July 1, 2024
(A) The criteria to
			 use for classifying waste for disposal are recorded below.
(1) Determination of the classification of
			 radioactive waste involves two considerations. First, consideration must be
			 given to the concentration of long-lived radionuclides (and their shorter-lived
			 precursors) whose potential hazard will persist long after such precautions as
			 institutional controls and improved waste form have ceased to be effective.
			 These precautions delay the time when long-lived radionuclides could cause
			 exposures. In addition, the magnitude of the potential dose is limited by the
			 concentration and availability of the radionuclide at the time of exposure.
			 Second, consideration must be given to the concentration of shorter-lived
			 radionuclides for which requirements on institutional controls, waste form, and
			 disposal methods are effective.
(2)
			 Determination of waste classes shall be performed using the following criteria.
(a) Class A waste is waste that is usually
			 segregated from other waste classes at the disposal site. The physical form and
			 characteristics of class A waste must meet the minimum requirements set forth
			 in paragraph (B) of this rule. If class A waste also meets the stability
			 requirements set forth in paragraph (B) of this rule, it is not necessary to
			 segregate the waste for disposal.
(b) Class B waste is waste that must meet
			 more rigorous requirements on waste form to ensure stability after disposal.
			 The physical form and characteristics of class B waste must meet both the
			 minimum and stability requirements set forth in paragraph (B) of this
			 rule.
(c) Class C waste is waste
			 that not only must meet more rigorous requirements on waste form to ensure
			 stability but also requires additional measures at the disposal facility to
			 protect against inadvertent intrusion. The physical form and characteristics of
			 class C waste must meet both the minimum and stability requirements set forth
			 in paragraph (B) of this rule.
(d)
			 Waste that exceeds class C is not acceptable for disposal under rules
			 3701:1-54-06
			 to
			 3701:1-54-12
			 of the Administrative Code.
(3) If radioactive waste contains only
			 radionuclides listed in table 1, classification shall be determined as follows:
(a) If the concentration does not exceed 0.1
			 times the value in table 1, the waste is class A.
(b) If the concentration exceeds 0.1 times
			 the value in table 1 but does not exceed the value in table 1, the waste is
			 class C.
(c) If the concentration
			 exceeds the value in table 1, the waste is not acceptable for disposal under
			 rules
			 3701:1-54-06
			 to
			 3701:1-54-12
			 of the Administrative Code.
(d) For
			 wastes containing mixtures of radionuclides listed in table 1, the total
			 concentration shall be determined by the sum of fractions rule described in
			 paragraph (A)(7) of this rule.
Table 1
Radionuclide
Concentration
						  Gigabecquerels per cubic meter
Concentration
															
															curies
						  per cubic meter
C-14
296
8
C-14 in activated metal
2960
80
Ni-59 in activated metal
8140
220
Nb-94 in activated metal
7.4
0.2
Tc-99
111
3
I-129
2.96
0.08
Alpha emitting transuranic radionuclides with half-life
						  greater than five years
\1\ 0.0037
\2\ 100
Pu-241
\1\ 0.1295
\2\ 3500
Cm-242
\1\ 0.74
\2\ 20,000
Ra-226
\1\ 0.0037
\2\ 100
\1\ Units are megabecquerels per gram.
\2\ Units are nanocuries per gram.
(4) If radioactive waste does not contain any
			 of the radionuclides listed in table 1, classification shall be determined
			 based on the concentrations shown in table 2. However, as specified in
			 paragraph (A)(6) of this rule, if radioactive waste does not contain any
			 radionuclides listed in either table 1 or table 2, it is class A.
(a) If the concentration does not exceed the
			 value in column 1, the waste is class A.
(b) If the concentration exceeds the value in
			 column 1, but does not exceed the value in column 2, the waste is class
			 B.
(c) If the concentration exceeds
			 the value in column 2, but does not exceed the value in column 3, the waste is
			 class C.
(d) If the concentration
			 exceeds the value in column 3, the waste is not acceptable for disposal under
			 rules
			 3701:1-54-06
			 to
			 3701:1-54-12
			 of the Administrative Code.
(e) For
			 wastes containing mixtures of the radionuclides listed in table 2, the total
			 concentration shall be determined by the sum of fractions rule described in
			 paragraph (A)(7) of this rule.
Table 2
Radionuclide
Concentration
						  Gigabecquerels per cubic meter
Concentration
															
															curies
						  per cubic meter
Col. 1
Col. 2
Col. 3
Col. 1
Col. 2
Col. 3
Total of all radionuclides with less than 5 year
						  half-life
25,900
(\1\)
(\1\)
700
(\1\)
(\1\)
H-3
1480
(\1\)
(\1\)
40
(\1\)
(\1\)
Co-60
25,900
(\1\)
(\1\)
700
(\1\)
(\1\)
Ni-63
129.5
2590
25,900
3.5
70
700
Ni-63 in activated metal
1295
25,900
259,000
35
700
7000
Sr-90
1.48
5550
259,000
0.04
150
7000
Cs-137
37
1628
170,200
1
44
4600
\1\There are no limits established for these radionuclides in
				class B or C wastes. Practical considerations such as the effects of external
				radiation and internal heat generation on transportation, handling, and
				disposal will limit the concentrations for these wastes. These wastes shall be
				class B unless the concentrations of other nuclides in table 2 determine the
				waste to be class C independent of these radionuclides.
(5) If radioactive waste contains
			 a mixture of radionuclides, some of which are listed in table 1, and some of
			 which are listed in table 2, classification shall be determined as follows:
(a) If the concentration of a radionuclide
			 listed in table 1 does not exceed 0.1 times the value listed in table 1, the
			 class shall be that determined by the concentration of radionuclides listed in
			 table 2.
(b) If the concentration
			 of a radionuclide listed in table 1 exceeds 0.1 times the value listed in table
			 1 but does not exceed the value in table 1, the waste shall be class C,
			 provided the concentration of radionuclides listed in table 2 does not exceed
			 the value shown in column 3 of table 2.
(6) If radioactive waste does not contain any
			 radionuclides listed in either table 1 or table 2, it is class A.
(7) This is the sum of the fractions rule for
			 mixtures of radionuclides. For determining classification for waste that
			 contains a mixture of radionuclides, it is necessary to determine the sum of
			 fractions by dividing each radionuclide's concentration by the appropriate
			 limit and adding the resulting values. The appropriate limits must all be taken
			 from the same column of the same table. The sum of the fractions for the column
			 must be less than one if the waste class is to be determined by that
			 column.
(8) The concentration of a
			 radionuclide may be determined by indirect methods such as use of scaling
			 factors which relate the inferred concentration of one radionuclide to another
			 that is measured, or radionuclide material accountability, if there is
			 reasonable assurance that the indirect methods can be correlated with actual
			 measurements. The concentration of a radionuclide may be averaged over the
			 volume of the waste, or weight of the waste if the units are expressed as
			 megabecquerels or nanocuries per gram.
(9) Each package of waste must be clearly
			 labeled to identify whether it is class A waste, class B waste, or class C
			 waste, in accordance with paragraphs (A)(1) to (A)(8) of this rule.