Ohio Administrative Code › Title 3745 - Ohio Environmental Protection Agency › Chapter 3745-270 - Hazardous Wastes Restricted from Land Disposal › Section 3745-270-42 - Treatment standards expressed as specified technologies

Current through all regulations passed and filed through July 1, 2024
(A) The following wastes in the table in rule
			 3745-270-40 of the
			 Administrative Code "Treatment Standards for Hazardous Wastes," for which
			 standards are expressed as a treatment method rather than a concentration
			 level, shall be treated using the technology or technologies specified in the
			 table in this rule.
Table: Technology Codes and Description of Technology-Based
				Standards
Technology code
Description of technology-based standards
ADGAS
Venting of compressed gases into an absorbing or
						  reacting media (i.e., solid or liquid) - venting can be accomplished through
						  physical release utilizing valves or piping; physical penetration of the
						  container, or penetration through detonation.
AMLGM
Amalgamation of liquid, elemental mercury contaminated
						  with radioactive materials utilizing inorganic reagents such as copper, zinc,
						  nickel, gold, and sulfur that result in a nonliquid, semi-solid amalgam and
						  thereby reducing potential emissions of elemental mercury vapors to the
						  air.
BIODG
Biodegradation of organics or non-metallic inorganics
						  (i.e., degradable inorganics that contain the elements of phosphorus, nitrogen,
						  and sulfur) in units operated under either aerobic or anaerobic conditions such
						  that a surrogate compound or indicator parameter has been substantially reduced
						  in concentration in the residuals (e.g., total organic carbon can often be used
						  as an indicator parameter for the biodegradation of many organic constituents
						  that cannot be directly analyzed in wastewater residues).
CARBN
Carbon adsorption (granulated or powdered) of
						  non-metallic inorganics, organo-metallics, or organic constituents, operated
						  such that a surrogate compound or indicator parameter has not undergone
						  breakthrough (e.g., total organic carbon can often be used as an indicator
						  parameter for the adsorption of many organic constituents that cannot be
						  directly analyzed in wastewater residues). Breakthrough occurs when the carbon
						  has become saturated with the constituent (or indicator parameter) and
						  substantial change in adsorption rate associated with that constituent
						  occurs.
CHOXD
Chemical or electrolytic oxidation utilizing the
						  following oxidation reagents (or waste reagents) or combinations of reagents:
						  (1) hypochlorite (e.g., bleach); (2) chlorine; (3) chlorine dioxide; (4) ozone
						  or ultraviolet light assisted ozone; (5) peroxides; (6) persulfates; (7)
						  perchlorates; (8) permangantes; or (9) other oxidizing reagents of equivalent
						  efficiency, performed in units operated such that a surrogate compound or
						  indicator parameter has been substantially reduced in concentration in the
						  residuals (e.g., total organic carbon can often be used as an indicator
						  parameter for the oxidation of many organic constitutents that cannot be
						  directly analyzed in wastewater residues). Chemical oxidation specifically
						  includes what is commonly referred to as alkaline chlorination.
CHRED
Chemical reduction utilizing the following reducing
						  reagents (or waste reagents) or combinations of reagents: (1) sulfur dioxide;
						  (2) sodium, potassium, or alkali salts or sulfites, bisulfites, metabisulfites,
						  and polyethylene glycols (e.g., NaPEG and KPEG); (3) sodium hydrosulfide; (4)
						  ferrous salts; or (5) other reducing reagents of equivalent efficiency,
						  performed in units operated such that a surrogate compound or indicator
						  parameter has been substantially reduced in concentration in the residuals
						  (e.g., total organic halogens can often be used as an indicator parameter for
						  the reduction of many halogenated organic constituents that cannot be directly
						  analyzed in wastewater residues). Chemical reduction is commonly used for the
						  reduction of hexavalent chromium to the trivalent state.
CMBST
High temperature organic destruction technologies, such
						  as combustion in incinerators, boilers, or industrial furnaces operated in
						  accordance with the applicable requirements of rules
						  3745-57-40 to
						  3745-57-51, or
						  3745-68-40 to
						  3745-68-52, or
						  3745-266-100 to
						  3745-266-112 of the
						  Administrative Code, and in other units operated in accordance with applicable
						  technical operating requirements; and certain non-combustive technologies, such
						  as the catalytic extraction process.
DEACT
Deactivation to remove the hazardous characteristics of
						  a waste due to its ignitability, corrosivity, or reactivity.
FSUBS
Fuel substitution in units operated in accordance with
						  applicable technical operating requirements.
HLVIT
Vitrification of high level mixed radioactive wastes in
						  units in compliance with all applicable radioactive protection requirements
						  under control of the nuclear regulatory commission.
IMERC
Incineration of wastes containing organics and mercury
						  in units operated in accordance with the technical operating requirements of
						  rules 3745-57-40 to
						  3745-57-51 and
						  3745-68-40 to
						  3745-68-52 of the Administrative
						  Code. All wastewater and nonwastewater residues derived from this process shall
						  then comply with the corresponding treatment standards per EPA hazardous waste
						  number with consideration of any applicable subcategories (e.g., high or low
						  mercury subcategories).
INCIN
Incineration in units operated in accordance with the
						  technical operating requirements of rules
						  3745-57-40 to
						  3745-57-51 and
						  3745-68-40 to
						  3745-68-52 of the Administrative
						  Code.
LLEXT
Liquid-liquid extraction (often referred to as solvent
						  extraction) of organics from liquid wastes into an immiscible solvent for which
						  the hazardous constituents have a greater solvent affinity, resulting in an
						  extract high in organics that shall undergo either incineration, reuse as a
						  fuel, or other recovery or reuse and a raffinate (extracted liquid waste)
						  proportionately low in organics that shall undergo further treatment as
						  specified in the standard.
MACRO
Macroencapsulation with surface coating materials such
						  as polymeric organics (e.g., resins and plastics) or with a jacket of inert
						  inorganic materials to substantially reduce surface exposure to potential
						  leaching media. Macroencapsulation specifically does not include any material
						  that would be classified as a "tank" or "container" as those terms are defined
						  in rule 3745-50-10 of the Administrative
						  Code.
NEUTR
Neutralization with the following reagents (or waste
						  reagents) or combinations of reagents: (1) acids; (2) bases; or (3) water
						  (including wastewaters) resulting in a pH greater than
						  2.0 but less than
						  12.5 as measured in the aqueous
						  residuals.
NLDBR
No land disposal based on recycling.
POLYM
Formation of complex high-molecular weight solids
						  through polymerization of monomers in high total organic carbon (TOC) D001
						  nonwastewaters which are chemical components in the manufacture of
						  plastics.
PRECP
Chemical precipitation of metals and other inorganics
						  as insoluble precipitates of oxides, hydroxides, carbonates, sulfides,
						  sulfates, chlorides, fluorides, or phosphates. The following reagents (or waste
						  reagents) are typically used alone or in combination: (1) lime (i.e.,
						  containing oxides or hydroxides of calcium or magnesium); (2) caustic (i.e.,
						  sodium or potassium hydroxides); (3) soda ash (i.e., sodium carbonate); (4)
						  sodium sulfide; (5) ferric sulfate or ferric chloride; (6) alum; or (7) sodium
						  sulfate. Additional flocculating, coagulation or similar reagents or processes
						  that enhance sludge dewatering characteristics are not precluded from
						  use.
RBERY
Thermal recovery of beryllium.
RCGAS
Recovery or reuse of compressed gases including
						  techniques such as reprocessing of the gases for reuse or resale; filtering or
						  adsorption of 3745-270-42 3 impurities; remixing for direct reuse or resale;
						  and use of the gas as a fuel source.
RCORR
Recovery of acids or bases utilizing one or more of the
						  following recovery technologies: (1) distillation (i.e., thermal
						  concentration); (2) ion exchange; (3) resin or solid adsorption; (4) reverse
						  osmosis; or (5) incineration for the recovery of acid. Comment: This does not
						  preclude the use of other physical phase separation or concentration techniques
						  such as decantation, filtration (including ultrafiltration), and
						  centrifugation, when used in conjunction with the above listed recovery
						  technologies.
RLEAD
Thermal recovery of lead in secondary lead
						  smelters.
RMERC
Retorting or roasting in a thermal processing unit
						  capable of volatilizing mercury and subsequently condensing the volatilized
						  mercury for recovery. The retorting or roasting unit (or facility) shall be
						  subject to one or more of the following: (a) a national emissions standard for
						  hazardous air pollutants (NESHAP) for mercury; (b) a best available control
						  technology (BACT) or a lowest achievable emission rate (LAER) standard for
						  mercury imposed pursuant to a prevention of significant deterioration (PSD)
						  permit; or (c) a state permit that establishes emission limitations (within
						  meaning of Section 302 of the Clean Air Act) for mercury. All wastewater and
						  nonwastewater residues derived from this process shall then comply with the
						  corresponding treatment standards per EPA hazardous waste number with
						  consideration of any applicable subcategories (e.g., high or low mercury
						  subcategories).
RMETL
Recovery of metals or inorganics utilizing one or more
						  of the following direct physical or removal technologies: (1) ion exchange; (2)
						  resin or solid (i.e., zeolites) adsorption; (3) reverse osmosis; (4) chelation
						  or solvent extraction; (5) freeze crystallization; (6) ultrafiltration; or (7)
						  simple precipitation (i.e., crystallization). Comment: This does not preclude
						  the use of other physical phase separation or concentration techniques such as
						  decantation, filtration (including ultrafiltration), and centrifugation, when
						  used in conjunction with the above listed recovery technologies.
RORGS
Recovery of organics utilizing one or more of the
						  following technologies: (1) distillation; (2) thin film evaporation; (3) steam
						  stripping; (4) carbon adsorption; (5) critical fluid extraction; (6)
						  liquid-liquid extraction; (7) precipitation or crystallization (including
						  freeze crystallization); or (8) chemical phase separation techniques (i.e.,
						  addition of acids, bases, demulsifiers, or similar chemicals). Comment: This
						  does not preclude the use of other physical phase separation techniques such as
						  a decantation, filtration (including ultrafiltration), and centrifugation, when
						  used in conjunction with the above listed recovery technologies.
RTHRM
Thermal recovery of metals or inorganics from
						  nonwastewaters in units identified as "industrial furnaces" as defined in rule
						  3745-50-10 of the Administrative
						  Code in the subparagraphs for cement kilns; blast furnaces; smelting, melting,
						  and refining furnaces; combustion devices used in the recovery of sulfur values
						  from spent sulfuric acid; and halogen acid furnaces.
RZINC
Resmelting in high temperature metal recovery units for
						  the purpose of recovery of zinc.
STABL
Stabilization with the following reagents (or waste
						  reagents) or combinations of reagents: (1) portland cement; or (2) lime or
						  pozzolans (e.g., fly ash and cement kiln dust). This does not preclude the
						  addition of reagents (e.g., iron salts, silicates, and clays) designed to
						  enhance the set time or cure time or compressive strength, or to overall reduce
						  the leachability of the metal or inorganic.
SSTRP
Steam stripping of organics from liquid wastes
						  utilizing direct application of steam to the wastes operated such that liquid
						  and vapor flow rates, as well as, temperature and pressure ranges, have been
						  optimized, monitored, and maintained. These operating parameters are dependent
						  upon the design parameters of the unit, such as, the number of separation
						  stages and the internal column design, thus resulting in a condensed extract
						  high in organics that shall undergo either incineration, reuse as a fuel, or
						  other recovery or reuse and an extracted wastewater that shall undergo further
						  treatment as specified in the standard.
VTD
Vacuum thermal desorption of low-level radioactive
						  hazardous mixed waste in units in compliance with all applicable radioactive
						  protection requirements under control of the nuclear regulatory
						  commission.
WETOX
Wet air oxidation performed in units operated such that
						  a surrogate compound or indicator parameter has been substantially reduced in
						  concentration in the residuals (e.g., total organic carbon can often be used as
						  an indicator parameter for the oxidation of many organic constituents that
						  cannot be directly analyzed in wastewater residues).
WTRRX
Controlled reaction with water for highly reactive
						  inorganic or organic chemicals with precautionary controls for protection of
						  workers from potential violent reactions as well as precautionary controls for
						  potential emissions of toxic or ignitable levels of gases released during the
						  reaction.
Footnotes:
1 [Reserved.]
2 When more than one technology (or treatment train) is
						  specified as alternative treatment standards, the five letter technology codes
						  (or the treatment trains) are separated by a semicolon with the last technology
						  preceded by the word "or". This indicates that any one of these best
						  demonstrated available technologies (BDATs) or treatment trains can be used for
						  compliance with the standard.
(B)
			 Any person may submit an application to the 
								administrator demonstrating that an alternative
			 treatment method can achieve a measure of performance equivalent to that
			 achieved by methods specified in 
								40 CFR 268.42(a), (c),
			 and (d) for wastes or specified in the
			 table in rule
			 3745-270-45 of the
			 Administrative Code for hazardous debris. The applicant shall submit
			 information demonstrating that the applicant's treatment method is in
			 compliance with federal, state, and local requirements and is protective of
			 human health and the environment. On the basis of such information and any
			 other available information, the administrator may approve the use of the
			 alternative treatment method if the director finds that the alternative
			 treatment method provides a measure of performance equivalent to that achieved
			 by methods specified in 
								40 CFR 268.42(a), (c), and
			 (d) for wastes or in the table in rule
			 3745-270-45 of the
			 Administrative Code for hazardous debris. Any approval shall be stated in
			 writing and may contain such provisions and conditions as the
			 
								administrator deems appropriate. The person to whom
			 such approval is issued shall comply with all limitations contained in such a
			 determination.
(C) As an
			 alternative to the otherwise applicable treatment standards in rules
			 3745-270-40 to
			 3745-270-49 of the
			 Administrative Code, lab packs are eligible for land disposal provided the all
			 of following requirements are met:
(1) The lab
			 packs comply with the applicable provisions of rules
			 3745-57-16 and
			 3745-68-16 of the Administrative
			 Code.
(2) The lab pack does not
			 contain any of the wastes listed in appendix A to this rule.
(3) The lab packs are incinerated in
			 accordance with rules
			 3745-57-40 to
			 3745-57-51 or
			 3745-68-40 to
			 3745-68-52 of the Administrative
			 Code.
(4) Any incinerator residues
			 from lab packs containing D004, D005, D006, D007, D008, D010, and D011 are
			 treated in compliance with the applicable treatment standards specified for
			 such wastes in rules
			 3745-270-40 to
			 3745-270-49 of the
			 Administrative Code.