New York Codes, Rules and Regulations › Title 1 - DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AND MARKETS › Chapter IV - Markets › Subchapter A - Grading of Farm Products (Article 12-A Agriculture and Markets Law) › Part 165 - Potato Grades And Definitions Of Culls › Section 165.8 - Definitions

Current through Register Vol. 46, No. 28, July 10, 2024
(a)
Similar
				  varietal characteristics.
Similar varietal characteristics
means
					 that the potatoes in any lot have the same general shape, color and character
					 of skin, and color of flesh.
(b)
Firm.
Firm
means that the potato is not
					 shriveled or flabby.
(c)
Clean.
Clean
means that at least 90 percent of
					 the potatoes in any lot are practically free from dirt or staining and
					 practically no loose dirt or other foregin matter is present in the
					 container.
(d)
Fairly
				  clean.
Fairly clean
means that at least 90
					 percent of the potatoes in any lot are reasonably free from dirt or staining
					 and not more than a slight amount of loose dirt or foreign matter is present in
					 the container.
(e)
Mature.
Mature
means that the skins of the
					 potatoes are generally firmly set and not more than five percent of the
					 potatoes in the lot have more than one-tenth of the skin missing or
feathered.
(f)
Fairly well matured.
Fairly well matured
means that the skins
					 of the potatoes are generally fairly set and not more than 10 percent of the
					 potatoes in the lot have more than one-fourth of the skin missing or
feathered.
(g)
Well shaped.
Well shaped
means that the potato has the
					 normal shape for the variety.
(h)
Fairly well shaped.
Fairly well shaped
means that the potato
					 is not materially pointed, dumbbell-shaped or otherwise materially
					 deformed.
(i)
Seriously misshapen.
Seriously misshapen
means that the potato
					 is seriouly pointed, dumbbell-shaped or otherwise badly deformed.
(j)
Injury.
Injury
means any defect, or any
					 combination of defects, which more than slightly detracts from the edible or
					 marketing quality, or the internal or external appearance of the potato, or any
					 internal defect outside of or not entirely confined within the vascular ring
					 which cannot be removed without a loss of more than three percent of the total
					 weight of the potato.
(k)
Damage.
Damage
means any defect, or any
					 combination of defects, which materially detracts from the edible or marketing
					 quality, or the internal or external appearance of the potato, or any external
					 defect which cannot be removed without a loss of more than five percent of the
					 total weight of the potato. See paragraph (2) of subdivision (o), Table III and
					 paragraph (2) of subdivision (p), Table IV.
(l)
Serious damage.
Serious damage
means any defect or any
					 combination of defects, which seriously detracts from the edible or marketing
					 quality, or the internal or external appearance of the potato, or any external
					 defect which cannot be removed without a loss of more than 10 percent of the
					 total weight of the potato. See paragraph (2) of subdivision (o), Table III and
					 paragraph (2) of subdivision (p), Table IV.
(m)
Freezing.
Freezing
means that the potato is frozen
					 or shows evidence of having been frozen.
(n)
Soft rot or wet breakdown.
Soft rot or wet breakdown
means any soft,
					 mushy, or leaky condition of the tissue such as slimy soft rot, leak, or wet
					 breakdown following freezing injury.
(o)
External defects.
(1)
External defects
are
				  defects which can be detected externally. However, cutting may be required to
				  determine the extent of the injury. Some external defects are listed in Table
				  III.
(2)
Table
				  III.
TABLE III-EXTERNAL DEFECTS
Damage
Defect
When materially detracting from
								appearance of potato
-or-
When removal causes loss of more than
								five percent of total weight of potato
When seriously detracting from
								appearance of potato
-or-
When removal causes loss of more than
								10 percent of total weight of potato
Air cracks .......
X
X
Bruises .......
X
X
X
X
Dirt .......
X
X
Enlarged lenticels .......
X
X
External discoloration .......
X
X
Flea Beetle injury .......
X
X
X
X
Greening .......
X
X
X
X
Rhizoctonia .......
X
X
Scab, pitted .......
X
X
X
X
Scab, russet .......
X
X
Scab, surface .......
When more than five percent of surface affected.
When more than 25 percent of surface affected.
Sunburn .......
X
X
Second growth .......
X
X
Growth cracks .......
X
X
Defects
Damage
Serious
								  Damage
1
Wireworm or grass damage .......
When any hole in a potato 21/2 inches in
								diameter or six ounces in weight is more than 3/4 inch long, or when the
								aggregate length of all holes is more than 11/4 inches, or correspondingly
								shorter or longer holes in smaller or larger potatoes.
When any hole in a potato 21/2 inches in
								diameter or six ounces in weight is more than 11/2 inches long, or when
								the aggregate length of all holes is more than two inches, or correspondingly
								shorter or longer holes in smaller or larger potatoes.
Insects or worms .......
(See serious damage)
When present inside the potato.
Artificial coloring .......
When unsightly or when concealing any defect causing
								damage or when penetrating the flesh and removal causes loss of more than five
								percent of total weight of potato.
When concealing a serious defect or when penetrating
								into the flesh and removal cause loss of more then 10 percent of total weight
								of potato.
Sprouts .......
When more than 10 percent of the potatoes in any lot
								have any sprout more than 3/4 inch in length or have individual sprouts or
								clusters of sprouts which materially detract from the appearance of the
								potato.