Ohio Administrative Code › Title 4101:8 - Board of Building Standards: Residential Code of Ohio › Chapter 4101:8-2 - Definitions › Section 4101:8-2-01 - Definitions

Current through all regulations passed and filed through July 1, 2024
[Comment: When a reference is made
	 within this rule to a federal statutory provision, an industry consensus
	 standard, or any other technical publication, the specific date and title of
	 the publication as well as the name and address of the promulgating agency are
	 listed in rule
	 4101:8-44-01
	 of the Administrative Code. The application of the referenced standards shall
	 be limited and as prescribed in section 102.5 of rule
	 4101:8-1-01 of the
	 Administrative Code.]
SECTION 201 GENERAL
201.1 Scope.
Unless otherwise expressly stated, the following words and
	 terms shall, for the purposes of this code, have the meanings indicated in this
	 chapter.
201.2 Interchangeability.
Words used in the present tense include
	 the future; words in the masculine gender include the feminine and neuter; the
	 singular number includes the plural and the plural, the singular.
201.3 Terms defined in other codes.
Where terms are not defined in this code
	 such terms shall have the meanings ascribed
to them as
in
	 other
codes adopted and referenced by the Board of Building Standards
	 (the Board)
.
201.4 Terms not defined.
Where terms are not defined through the
	 methods authorized by this section, such terms shall have ordinarily accepted
	 meanings such as the context implies.
SECTION 202
	 DEFINITIONS
ABOVE-GRADE WALL.
A wall more than 50 percent above
	 grade and enclosing conditioned space. This includes between-floor spandrels,
	 peripheral edges of floors, roof and basement knee walls, dormer walls, gable
	 end walls, walls enclosing a mansard roof and skylight
	 shafts.
ABOVE-GROUND STORAGE
	 TANK
.
A vessel, intended for fixed installation above grade, at
	 grade, or below grade without backfill, used for the purpose of bulk-storage,
	 dispensing, handling or processing of hazardous, flammable or combustible
	 liquids or gases and not connected to and utilized for the operation of
	 building service equipment.
ACCESS (TO).
That which enables a device, an appliance or equipment to be
	 reached by ready access or by a means that first requires the removal or
	 movement of a panel, door or similar obstruction.
ACCESSIBLE.
Admitting close approach as a result of not being guarded by
	 locked doors, elevation or other effective means (see "Readily
	 accessible").
ACCESSORY STRUCTURE.
A
building, the use of which is
incidental
	 to that of the dwelling(s) and that is located on the same lot.
ADDITION.
An extension or increase in floor area, number of stories or
	 height of a building or structure.
Addition (Chapter 11 Energy
	 Conservation).
An extension or increase in the
	 conditioned space floor area, number of stories or height of a building or
	 structure
.
ADHERED STONE OR MASONRY VENEER.
Stone or masonry veneer secured and
	 supported through the adhesion of an approved bonding material applied to an
	 approved backing.
AIR ADMITTANCE VALVE.
A one-way valve designed to allow air into the plumbing
	 drainage system where a negative pressure develops in the piping. This device
	 shall close by gravity and seal the terminal under conditions of zero
	 differential pressure (no flow conditions) and under positive internal
	 pressure.
AIR BARRIER.
One or more materials joined together in a continuous manner
	 to restrict or prevent the passage of air through the building thermal envelope
	 and its assemblies.
AIR BREAK (DRAINAGE SYSTEM).
An arrangement where a discharge pipe from
	 a fixture, appliance or device drains indirectly into a receptor below the
	 flood-level rim of the receptor and above the trap seal.
AIR CIRCULATION, FORCED.
A means of providing space conditioning
	 utilizing movement of air through ducts or plenums by mechanical
	 means.
AIR CONDITIONER, GAS-FIRED.
A gas-burning,
	 automatically operated appliance for supplying cooled air, dehumidified air, or
	 both, or chilled liquid.
AIR CONDITIONING.
The treatment of air so
	 as to control simultaneously the temperature, humidity, cleanness and
	 distribution of the air to meet the requirements of a conditioned
	 space.
AIR, EXHAUST.
Air being removed from
	 any space or piece of equipment or appliance and conveyed directly to the
	 atmosphere by means of openings or ducts.
AIR-CONDITIONING SYSTEM.
A system that consists of heat exchangers,
	 blowers, filters, supply, exhaust and return-air systems, and shall include any
	 apparatus installed in connection therewith.
AIR GAP, DRAINAGE SYSTEM.
The unobstructed vertical distance through
	 free atmosphere between the outlet of a waste pipe and the flood-level rim of
	 the fixture or receptor into which it is discharging.
AIR GAP, WATER-DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM.
The unobstructed vertical distance through
	 free atmosphere between the lowest opening from a water supply discharge to the
	 flood-level rim of a plumbing fixture.
AIR-HANDLING UNIT.
A blower or fan used for
	 the purpose of distributing supply air to a room, space or
	 area.
AIR-IMPERMEABLE INSULATION.
An insulation having an air permeance
	 equal to or less than 0.02 L/s-m2at 75 Pa pressure
	 differential as tested in accordance with ASTM E2178 or E283
and that
	 can function as an air barrier material as required in Chapter
	 11.
AIR, MAKEUP.
Any combination of
	 outdoor and transfer air intended to replace exhaust air and
	 exfiltration.
ALTERATION.
The
construction,
	 retrofit or renovation to an existing structure other than repair or addition
	 that requires a permit. Also, a change in a building, electrical, gas,
	 mechanical or plumbing system that involves an extension, addition or change to
	 the arrangement, type or purpose of the original installation that requires
an approval
.
Alteration (Chapter 24 Fuel gas)
The construction or
	 renovation to an existing structure other than repair or
	 addition.
ALTERNATING TREAD DEVICE.
A device that has a series of steps
	 between 50 and 70 degrees ( 0.87 and
	 1.22 rad) from horizontal,
	 usually attached to a center support rail in an alternating manner so that the
	 user does not have both feet on the same level at the same time.
ANCHORED STONE OR MASONRY VENEER.
Stone or masonry veneer secured with
	 approved mechanical fasteners to an approved backing.
ANCHORS.
See "Supports."
ANODELESS RISER.
A transition assembly in
	 which plastic piping is installed and terminated above ground outside of a
	 building.
ANTISIPHON.
A term
	 applied to valves or mechanical devices that eliminate siphonage.
APPLIANCE.
A device or apparatus that is manufactured and designed to
	 utilize energy and for which this code provides specific
	 requirements.
Appliance (Chapter 24 Fuel
	 gas)
.
Any apparatus or device that utilizes a fuel or a
	 raw material as a fuel to produce light, heat, power, refrigeration or air
	 conditioning. Also, an apparatus that compresses fuel
	 gases.
APPLIANCE, AUTOMATICALLY
	 CONTROLLED.
Appliances
	 equipped with an automatic burner ignition and safety shutoff device and other
	 automatic devices that accomplish complete turn-on and shutoff of the gas to
	 the main burner or burners, and graduate the gas supply to the burner or
	 burners, but do not affect complete shutoff of the gas.
APPLIANCE, FAN-ASSISTED
	 COMBUSTION.
An appliance
	 equipped with an integral mechanical means to either draw or force products of
	 combustion through the combustion chamber or heat
	 exchanger.
APPLIANCE, UNVENTED.
An appliance designed or
	 installed in such a manner that the products of combustion are not conveyed by
	 a vent or chimney directly to the outside atmosphere.
APPLIANCE, VENTED.
An appliance designed and
	 installed in such a manner that all of the products of combustion are conveyed
	 directly from the appliance to the outside atmosphere through an approved
	 chimney or vent system.
APPROVED.
Determined to be in compliance by the authority having
	 jurisdiction in accordance with the rules of the board.
Approved (Chapter 24 Fuel gas).
Refers to approval by the
	 building official as the result of review, investigation, inspection and
	 testing in accordance with the provisions of this code.
APPROVED AGENCY.
An established and
accredited testing laboratory,
	 listing agency, inspection body, or field evaluation body
recognized
by the board of building standards providing services consistent with
	 their accreditation and the code section requiring the approved agency
	 service.
APPROVED SOURCE.
An independent person, firm or corporation, approved by the
	 building official, who is competent and experienced in the application of
	 engineering principles to materials, methods or systems analyses.
ASPECT RATIO.
The ratio of longest to shortest perpendicular dimensions,
	 or for wall sections, the ratio of height to length.
ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE.
The pressure of the
	 weight of air and water vapor on the surface of the earth, approximately 14.7
	 pounds per square inch (psi) (101 kPa absolute) at sea
	 level.
ATTIC.
The unfinished space between the ceiling assembly and the
	 roof assembly.
ATTIC, HABITABLE.
A finished or unfinished habitable space within an
	 attic.
AUTOMATIC.
Self-acting, operating by its own mechanism when actuated by
	 some impersonal influence, as, for example, a change in current strength,
	 pressure, temperature or mechanical configuration (see
	 "Manual").
Automatic ignition.
Ignition of gas at the burner(s) when the gas controlling device is turned on,
	 including re ignition if the flames on the burner(s) have been extinguished by
	 means other than by the closing of the gas controlling
	 device.
BACKFLOW, DRAINAGE.
A reversal of flow in the drainage system.
BACKFLOW PREVENTER.
A backflow prevention assembly, a backflow prevention device
	 or other means or method to prevent backflow into the potable water
	 supply.
BACKFLOW PREVENTER, REDUCED-PRESSURE-ZONE
	 TYPE
. A backflow-prevention device
	 consisting of two independently acting check valves, internally force loaded to
	 a normally closed position and separated by an intermediate chamber (or zone)
	 in which there is an automatic relief means of venting to atmosphere internally
	 loaded to a normally open position between two tightly closing shutoff valves
	 and with means for testing for tightness of the checks and opening of relief
	 means.
BACKFLOW, WATER DISTRIBUTION.
The flow of water or other liquids into
	 the potable water-supply piping from any sources other than its intended
	 source. Backsiphonage is one type of backflow.
BACKPRESSURE.
Pressure created by any means in the water distribution
	 system that by being in excess of the pressure in the water supply mains causes
	 a potential backflow condition.
BACKPRESSURE, LOW HEAD.
A pressure less than or equal to 4.33 psi ( 29.88 kPa) or
	 the pressure exerted by a 10-foot (3048 mm) column of water.
BACKSIPHONAGE.
The flowing back of used or contaminated water from piping
	 into a potable water-supply pipe due to a negative pressure in such
	 pipe.
BACKWATER VALVE.
A device installed in a drain or pipe to prevent backflow of
	 sewage.
BAROMETRIC DRAFT REGULATOR.
A balanced damper device
	 attached to a chimney, vent connector, breeching or flue gas manifold to
	 protect combustion appliances by controlling chimney draft. A double-acting
	 barometric draft regulator is one whose balancing damper is free to move in
	 either direction to protect combustion appliances from both excessive draft and
	 backdraft.
BASEMENT.
A story that is not a story above grade plane. (see "Story
	 above grade plane").
BASEMENT WALL.
A wall 50 percent or more below grade and enclosing
	 conditioned space.
BASIC WIND SPEED.
Three-second gust speed at 33 feet (10 058 mm) above the
	 ground in Exposure C (see Section 301.2.1) as given in Figure 301.2(5)
	 A.
BATHROOM GROUP.
A group of fixtures, including or excluding a bidet,
	 consisting of a water closet, lavatory, and bathtub or shower. Such fixtures
	 are located together on the same floor level.
BATTERY SYSTEM, STATIONARY STORAGE.
A rechargeable energy storage system
	 consisting of electrochemical storage batteries, battery chargers, controls and
	 associated electrical equipment designed to provide electrical power to a
	 building. The system is typically used to provide standby or emergency power,
	 an uninterruptable power supply, load shedding, load sharing or similar
	 capabilities.
BEND.
A drainage fitting, designed
	 to provide a change in direction of a drain pipe of less than the angle
	 specified by the amount necessary to establish the desired slope of the line
	 (see "Elbow" and "Sweep").
BOILER.
A closed vessel in which water is heated, steam is
	 generated, steam is superheated, or any combination thereof, under pressure or
	 vacuum for use externally to itself by the direct application of heat from the
	 combustion of fuels, or from electricity or nuclear energy. The term boiler
	 includes fired units for heating or vaporizing liquids other than water where
	 these units are separate from processing systems and are complete within
	 themselves.
Low-pressure boilers operate
	 at pressures less than or equal to 15 pounds per square inch (psi) (103 kPa)
	 for steam and 160 psi (1103 kPa)
or temperatures not exceeding 250
	 °F
for water. High-pressure boilers operate at pressures exceeding
	 those pressures
and temperatures
.
Boiler, low pressure.
A steam boiler operating
	 at pressures not exceeding fifteen psig, or a hot water heating boiler
	 operating at pressures not exceeding one hundred sixty psig or temperatures not
	 exceeding two hundred fifty degrees.
Hot water heating boiler.
A boiler in which no
	 steam is generated, from which hot water is circulated for heating purposes and
	 then returned to the boiler, and that operates at water pressures not exceeding
	 160 pounds per square inch gauge (psig) (1100 kPa gauge) and at water
	 temperatures not exceeding 250ºF (121ºC) at or near the boiler
	 outlet.
Hot water supply boiler.
A boiler, completely filled with water, which furnishes hot water to be
	 used externally to itself, and that operates at water pressures not exceeding
	 160 psig (1100 kPa gauge) and at water temperatures not exceeding 250ºF
	 (121ºC) at or near the boiler outlet.
Steam heating boiler.
A
	 boiler in which steam is generated and that operates at a steam pressure not
	 exceeding 15 psig (100 kPa gauge).
BOND BEAM.
A horizontal grouted element within masonry in which
	 reinforcement is embedded.
BONDING JUMPER.
A conductor installed to
	 electrically connect metallic gas piping to the grounding electrode
	 system.
BRACED WALL LINE.
A straight line through the building plan that represents
	 the location of the lateral resistance provided by the wall
	 bracing.
BRACED WALL LINE, CONTINUOUSLY SHEATHED.
A braced wall line with structural
	 sheathing applied to all sheathable surfaces including the areas above and
	 below openings.
BRACED WALL PANEL.
A full-height section of wall constructed to resist in-plane
	 shear loads through interaction of framing members, sheathing material and
	 anchors. The panel's length meets the requirements of its particular bracing
	 method, and contributes toward the total amount of bracing required along its
	 braced wall line in accordance with Section 602.10.1.
BRANCH.
Any part of the piping system other than a riser, main or
	 stack.
BRANCH, FIXTURE.
See "Fixture branch, drainage."
BRANCH, HORIZONTAL.
See "Horizontal branch, drainage."
BRANCH INTERVAL.
A vertical measurement of distance, 8 feet (2438 mm) or more
	 in developed length, between the connections of horizontal branches to a
	 drainage stack. Measurements are taken down the stack from the highest
	 horizontal branch connection.
BRANCH, MAIN.
A water-distribution pipe that extends horizontally off a
	 main or riser to convey water to branches or fixture groups.
BRANCH, VENT.
A vent connecting two or more individual vents with a vent
	 stack or stack vent.
BRAZING.
A metal-joining process
	 wherein coalescence is produced by the use of a nonferrous filler metal having
	 a melting point above 1,000ºF (538ºC), but lower than that of the
	 base metal being joined. The filler material is distributed between the closely
	 fitted surfaces of the joint by capillary action.
BTU.
Abbreviation for British
	 thermal unit, which is the quantity of heat required to raise the temperature
	 of 1 pound (454 g) of water 1ºF ( 0.56 ºC) (1 Btu = 1055
	 J).
BTU/H.
The listed maximum capacity of an appliance, absorption unit
	 or burner expressed in British thermal units input per hour.
BUILDING DRAIN.
The lowest piping that collects the discharge from all other
	 drainage piping inside the house and extends 30 inches (762 mm) in developed
	 length of pipe, beyond the exterior walls and conveys the drainage to the
	 building sewer.
BUILDING, EXISTING.
Existing building is a building erected prior to the
	 adoption of this code, or one for which a legal building
approval
has been issued.
BUILDING-INTEGRATED PHOTOVOLTAIC PRODUCT.
A building product that incorporates
	 photovoltaic modules and functions as a component of the building
	 envelope.
BUILDING-INTEGRATED PHOTOVOLTAIC ROOF
	 PANEL (BIPV Roof Panel).
A photovoltaic
	 panel that functions as a component of the building envelope.
BUILDING LINE.
The line established by law, beyond which a building shall
	 not extend, except as specifically provided by law.
BUILDING OFFICIAL.
An individual who has received and
	 maintains a certification of "Residential Building Official" in accordance with
	 rules of the board of building standards. The designated authority charged with
	 the administration and enforcement of this code, approved by the board in
	 accordance with section 103 of this code, in a municipal corporation, township
	 or county having a building department, certified by the board pursuant to
	 section 3781.10 of the Revised Code, or
	 the health commissioner or his authorized representative in health districts,
	 whichever one has jurisdiction
.
BUILDING SERVICE EQUIPMENT.
Equipment, appliances, materials, devices,
	 and systems integrated into a building which provide space heating, air
	 conditioning, ventilation, fire protection, lighting, electricity, sanitation,
	 water, heating, cooking, medical gas, medical vacuum, and clothes drying.
	 Building service equipment begins from the connected stored source of liquid or
	 gas fuel or electrical power supplying the equipment or the utility service
	 point/point of delivery and extends through the point of use but does not
	 include process equipment that may also be connected to the same
	 source.
BUILDING SERVICES PIPING.
All piping systems and
	 their component parts that are part of a building system and that promote the
	 safe, sanitary, and energy efficient occupancy of a building. Building services
	 piping includes, but is not limited to, cold and hot potable water distribution
	 for plumbing fixtures; sanitary lines from plumbing fixtures; nonflammable
	 medical gas systems; medical oxygen systems; medical vacuum systems; fire
	 protection piping systems and compressed air in dry systems; refrigeration,
	 chilled water, condenser and cooling tower water, brine, and water/antifreeze
	 systems; steam, steam condensate, and hot water piping systems; and fuel oil
	 piping and fuel gas piping for heating, cooling, and cooking
	 applications.
BUILDING SEWER.
That part of the drainage system that extends from the end
	 of the building drain and conveys its discharge to a public sewer, private
	 sewer, individual sewage-disposal system or other point of
	 disposal.
BUILDING SITE.
A continguous area of land that is under the ownership or
	 control of one entity.
BUILDING THERMAL ENVELOPE.
The basement walls, exterior
	 walls, floors, ceilings, roofs and any other building element assemblies that
	 enclose conditioned space or provide a boundary between conditioned space and
	 exempt or unconditioned space.
BUILT-UP ROOF COVERING.
Two or more layers of felt cemented together and surfaced
	 with a cap sheet, mineral aggregate, smooth coating or similar surfacing
	 material.
BURNER.
A device for the final
	 conveyance of the gas, or a mixture of gas and air, to the combustion
	 zone.
Induced-draft.
A burner that depends on
	 draft induced by a fan that is an integral part of the appliance and is located
	 downstream from the burner.
Power.
A burner in which
	 gas, air or both are supplied at pressures exceeding, for gas, the line
	 pressure, and for air, atmospheric pressure, with this added pressure being
	 applied at the burner.
CAP PLATE.
The top plate of the double top plates used in structural
	 insulated panel (SIP) construction. The cap plate is cut to match the panel
	 thickness such that it overlaps the wood structural panel facing on both
	 sides.
CARBON MONOXIDE ALARM.
A single- or multiple-station alarm intended to detect
	 carbon monoxide gas and alert occupants by a distinct audible signal. It
	 incorporates a sensor, control components and an alarm notification appliance
	 in a single unit.
CARBON MONOXIDE DETECTOR.
A device with an integral sensor to detect
	 carbon monoxide gas and transmit an alarm signal to a connected alarm control
	 unit.
CEILING HEIGHT.
The clear vertical distance from the finished floor to the
	 finished ceiling.
CEMENT PLASTER.
A mixture of portland or blended cement, Portland cement or
	 blended cement and hydrated lime, masonry cement or plastic cement and
	 aggregate and other approved materials as specified in this code.
CHANGE OF OCCUPANCY.
A change in the purpose or level
	 of activity within a building that involves a change in application of the
	 requirements of the code. Such a change could be to an entire building or a
	 portion of a building. A change of occupancy shall include any change that
	 causes an increase in risk.
CHIMNEY.
A primary vertical structure containing one or more flues,
	 for the purpose of carrying gaseous products of combustion and air from a
	 fuel-burning appliance to the outside atmosphere.
Factory-built chimney.
A listed and labeled
	 chimney composed of factory-made components, assembled in the field in
	 accordance with manufacturer's instructions and the conditions of the
	 listing.
Masonry chimney.
A
	 field-constructed chimney com- posed of solid masonry units, bricks, stones or
	 concrete.
CHIMNEY CONNECTOR.
A pipe that connects a fuel-burning appliance to a
	 chimney.
CHIMNEY TYPES.
Residential-type appliance.
An approved chimney for removing the
	 products of combustion from fuel-burning, residential-type appliances producing
	 combustion gases not in excess of 1,000°F (538°C) under normal
	 operating conditions, and capable of producing combustion gases of 1,400°F
	 (760°C) during intermittent forces firing for periods up to 1 hour. All
	 temperatures shall be measured at the appliance flue outlet. Residential-type
	 appliance chimneys include masonry and factory-built types.
CIRCUIT VENT.
A vent that connects to a horizontal drainage branch and
	 vents two traps to not more than eight traps or trapped fixtures connected into
	 a battery.
CIRCULATING HOT WATER SYSTEM.
A specifically designed water distribution
	 system where one or more pumps are operated in the service hot water piping to
	 circulate heated water from the water-heating equipment to fixtures and back to
	 the water-heating equipment.
CLADDING.
The exterior materials that cover the surface of the
	 building envelope that is directly loaded by the wind.
CLEANOUT.
An opening in the drainage system used for the removal of
	 possible obstruction and located to allow for access.
CLEARANCE (Chapter 24 Fuel Gas).
The minimum distance
	 through air measured between the heat-producing surface of the mechanical
	 appliance, device or equipment and the surface of the combustible material or
	 assembly.
CLIMATE ZONE.
A geographical region based on climatic criteria as
	 specified in this code.
CLOSED CONSTRUCTION.
An assembly of materials
	 or products manufactured in such a manner that its structural, plumbing,
	 electrical, environmental control, or fire protection elements or components
	 are concealed and are not readily accessible for inspection at the site of its
	 erection, without disassembly, damage, or destruction. Closed construction
	 includes assemblies where only one of the components is not accessible for
	 inspection. (For example, an equipment enclosure where all the electrical
	 conductors and components are exposed for inspection and its roof and wall
	 panels have exposed structural members but the floor panel structural members
	 are not exposed, would be required to comply with this
	 section.)
CLOSET.
A small room or chamber used for storage.
CLOTHES DRYER.
An appliance used to dry
	 wet laundry by means of heated air.
Type 1.
Factory-built package,
	 multiple production. Primarily used in the family living environment. Usually
	 the smallest unit physically and in function output.
CODE, BUILDING, MECHANICAL, AND
	 PLUMBING.
When reference
	 is made within this code to building code, mechanical code, or plumbing code,
	 those references shall have the following meanings:
Building code or this code.
The Residential Code of
	 Ohio, current edition.
Mechanical Code.
The current edition of
	 the Ohio Mechanical Code.
Plumbing Code.
The edition of the Ohio
	 Plumbing Code referenced in
Chapter 44 of this code, Section
	 4401.2.
COLLAPSIBLE SOILS.
Soils that exhibit volumetric reduction in response to
	 partial or full wetting under load.
COLLECTION PIPE.
Unpressurized pipe used within the collection system that
	 drains on-site nonpotable water or rainwater to a storage tank by
	 gravity.
COMBINATION WASTE AND VENT SYSTEM.
A specially designed system of waste
	 piping embodying the horizontal wet venting of one or more sinks, lavatories or
	 floor drains by means of a common waste and vent pipe adequately sized to
	 provide free movement of air above the flow line of the drain.
COMBUSTIBLE ASSEMBLY.
Wall, floor, ceiling or
	 other assembly constructed of one or more component materials that are not
	 defined as noncombustible.
COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL.
Any material not defined as noncombustible.
COMBUSTION (Chapter 24 Fuel gas).
In the context of this
	 code, refers to the rapid oxidation of fuel accompanied by the production of
	 heat or heat and light.
COMBUSTION AIR.
The air provided to fuel-burning equipment including air for
	 fuel combustion, draft hood dilution and ventilation of the equipment
	 enclosure.
Combustion Air (Chapter 24 - Fuel
	 gas).
Air necessary for
	 complete combustion of a fuel, including theoretical air and excess
	 air.
COMBUSTION CHAMBER (Chapter 24 -
	 Fuel gas).
The portion of
	 an appliance within which combustion occurs.
COMBUSTION PRODUCTS (Chapter 24 -
	 Fuel gas).
Constituents
	 resulting from the combustion of a fuel with the oxygen of the air, including
	 the inert gases, but excluding excess air.
COMMON VENT.
A single pipe venting two trap arms within the same branch
	 interval, either back-to-back or one above the other.
COMPRESSIBLE SOILS.
Soils that exhibit volumetric reduction in response to the
	 application of load even in the absence of wetting or drying.
CONCEALED LOCATION.
A location that cannot be
	 accessed without damaging permanent parts of the building structure or finish
	 surface. Spaces above, below or behind readily removable panels or doors shall
	 not be considered as concealed.
CONCEALED PIPING.
Piping that is located in
	 a concealed location (see "Concealed location").
CONDENSATE.
The liquid
	 that separates from a gas due to a reduction in temperature; for example, water
	 that condenses from flue gases and water that condenses from air circulating
	 through the cooling coil in air conditioning equipment.
Condensate (Chapter 24 - Fuel
	 gas).
The liquid that
	 condenses from a gas (including flue gas) caused by a reduction in temperature
	 or increase in pressure
CONDENSING APPLIANCE.
An appliance that condenses water generated by the burning
	 of fuels.
CONDITIONED AIR.
Air treated to control its temperature, relative humidity or
	 quality.
CONDITIONED FLOOR AREA.
The horizontal projection of the
	 floors associated with the conditioned space.
CONDITIONED SPACE.
An area, room or space that is enclosed
by, but not
within, the building thermal envelope assembly and
	 that is directly heated or cooled or that is indirectly heated or cooled.
	 Spaces are indirectly heated or cooled where they communicate through openings
	 with conditioned spaces, where they are separated from conditioned spaces by
	 uninsulated walls, floors, or ceilings, or where they contain uninsulated
	 ducts, piping or other sources of heating or cooling.
CONNECTOR, APPLIANCE (Chapter 24
	 - Fuel gas).
Rigid
	 metallic pipe and fittings, semi rigid metallic tubing and fittings or a listed
	 and labeled device that connects an appliance to the gas piping
	 system.
CONNECTOR, CHIMNEY OR VENT.
The pipe that connects an
	 appliance to a chimney or vent.
CONSTRUCTION DOCUMENTS.
Written, graphic and pictorial documents prepared or
	 assembled for describing the design, location and physical characteristics of
	 the elements of a project necessary for obtaining
plan approval in
	 accordance with Section 106
.
CONTAMINATION.
A high-hazard or health-hazard impairment of the quality of
	 the potable water that creates an actual hazard to the public health through
	 poisoning or through the spread of disease by sewage, industrial fluids or
	 waste.
CONTINUOUS AIR BARRIER.
A combination of materials and
	 assemblies that restrict or prevent the passage of air through the building
	 thermal envelope.
CONTINUOUS INSULATION (ci).
Insulating material that is
	 continuous across all structural members without thermal bridges other than
	 fasteners and service openings. It is installed on the interior or exterior, or
	 is integral to any opaque surface, of the building
	 envelope.
CONTINUOUS WASTE.
A drain from two or more similar adjacent fixtures connected
	 to a single trap.
CONTROL (Chapter 24 - Fuel gas).
A manual or automatic
	 device designed to regulate the gas, air, water or electrical supply to, or
	 operation of, a mechanical system.
CONTROL, LIMIT.
An automatic control responsive to changes in liquid flow or
	 level, pressure, or temperature for limiting the operation of an
	 appliance.
CONTROL, PRIMARY SAFETY.
A safety control responsive directly to
	 flame properties that senses the presence or absence of flame and, in event of
	 ignition failure or unintentional flame extinguishment, automatically causes
	 shutdown of mechanical equipment.
CONVECTOR.
A system incorporating a heating element in an enclosure in
	 which air enters an opening below the heating element, is heated and leaves the
	 enclosure through an opening located above the heating element.
CONVERSION BURNER.
A unit consisting of a
	 burner and its controls for installation in an appliance originally utilizing
	 another fuel.
CORE.
The lightweight middle
	 section of a structural insulated panel, composed of foam plastic insulation,
	 that provides the link between the two facing shells.
CORROSION RESISTANCE.
The ability of a material to withstand deterioration of its
	 surface or its properties where exposed to its environment.
COURT.
A space, open and unobstructed to the sky, located at or
	 above grade level on a lot and bounded on three or more sides by walls or a
	 building.
CRAWL SPACE.
An underfloor space that is not a basement.
CRAWL SPACE WALL.
The opaque portion of a wall that
	 encloses a crawl space and is partially or totally below
	 grade.
CRIPPLE WALL.
A framed wall extending from the top of the foundation to
	 the underside of the floor framing of the first story above grade
	 plane.
CROSS CONNECTION.
Any connection between two otherwise separate piping systems
	 that allows a flow from one system to the other.
CROSS-LAMINATED TIMBER.
A prefabricated engineered wood product consisting of not
	 less than three layers of solid-sawn lumber or structural composite lumber
	 where the adjacent layers are cross-oriented and bonded with structural
	 adhesive to form a solid wood element.
CUBIC FOOT (Chapter 24 - Fuel
	 gas).
The amount of gas
	 that occupies 1 cubic foot ( 0.02832 m3) when at a
	 temperature of 60ºF (16ºC), saturated with water vapor and under a
	 pressure equivalent to that of 30 inches of mercury (101
	 kPa).
CURTAIN WALL.
Fenestration products used to create an external
	 nonload-bearing wall that is designed to separate the exterior and interior
	 environments.
DALLE GLASS.
A decorative composite glazing material made of individual
	 pieces of glass that are embedded in a cast matrix of concrete or
	 epoxy.
DAMPER.
A manually or
	 automatically controlled device to regulate draft or the rate of flow of air or
	 combustion gases.
DAMPER, VOLUME.
A device that will restrict, retard or direct the flow of
	 air in any duct, or the products of combustion of heat-producing equipment,
	 vent connector, vent or chimney.
DEAD LOADS.
The weight
	 of the materials of construction incorporated into the building, including but
	 not limited to walls, floors, roofs, ceilings, stairways, built-in partitions,
	 finishes, cladding, and other similarly incorporated architectural and
	 structural items, and fixed service equipment.
DECORATIVE APPLIANCE, VENTED
	 (Chapter 24 - Fuel gas).
A vented appliance wherein the primary function lies in the
	 aesthetic effect of the flames.
DECORATIVE APPLIANCES FOR
	 INSTALLATION IN VENTED FIREPLACES (Chapter 24 - Fuel gas).
A vented appliance
	 designed for installation within the fire chamber of a vented fireplace,
	 wherein the primary function lies in the aesthetic effect of the
	 flames.
DECORATIVE GLASS.
A carved, leaded or Dalle glass or glazing material with a
	 purpose that is decorative or artistic, not functional; with coloring, texture
	 or other design qualities or components that cannot be removed without
	 destroying the glazing material; and with a surface, or assembly into which it
	 is incorporated, that is divided into segments.
DEMAND (Chapter 24 - Fuel gas).
The maximum amount of gas
	 input required per unit of time, usually expressed in cubic feet per hour, or
	 Btu/h (1 Btu/h = 0.2931 W).
DEMAND RECIRCULATION WATER SYSTEM.
A water distribution system having
	 one or more recirculation pumps that pump water from a heated water supply pipe
	 back to the heated water source through a cold-water supply
	 pipe.
DESIGN FLOOD ELEVATION.
The elevation of the
	 "design flood," including wave height, relative to the datum specified on the
	 community's legally designated flood hazard map. In areas designated as Zone
	 AO, the design flood elevation shall be the elevation of the highest existing
	 grade of the building's perimeter plus the depth number (in feet) specified on
	 the flood hazard map. In areas designated as Zone AO where a depth number is
	 not specified on the map, the depth number shall be taken as being equal to 2
	 feet (610 mm).
DESIGN PROFESSIONAL.
See "Registered design professional."
DEVELOPED LENGTH.
The length of a pipeline measured along the center line of
	 the pipe and fittings.
DIAMETER.
Unless specifically stated, the term "diameter" is the
	 nominal diameter as designated by the approved material standard.
DIAPHRAGM.
A horizontal or nearly horizontal system acting to transmit
	 lateral forces to the vertical resisting elements. Where the term "diaphragm"
	 is used, it includes horizontal bracing systems.
DILUTION AIR.
Air that enters a draft hood or draft regulator and mixes
	 with flue gases.
DIRECT SYSTEM.
A solar thermal system in which the gas or liquid in the
	 solar collector loop is not separated from the load.
DIRECT-VENT APPLIANCE.
A fuel-burning appliance with a sealed combustion system
	 that draws all air for combustion from the outside atmosphere and discharges
	 all flue gases to the outside atmosphere.
DRAFT.
The pressure difference
	 existing between the appliance or any component part and the atmosphere, that
	 causes a continuous flow of air and products of combustion through the gas
	 passages of the appliance to the atmosphere.
Mechanical or induced
draft.
The pressure difference created by the action of a fan,
	 blower or ejector, that is located between the appliance and the chimney or
	 vent termination.
Natural draft.
The pressure
	 difference created by a vent or chimney because of its height, and the
	 temperature difference between the flue gases and the atmosphere.
DRAFT HOOD.
A device
	 built into an appliance, or
made as
part of the vent connector
	 from an appliance, that is designed to: provide for the ready escape of the
	 flue gases from the appliance in the event of no draft, backdraft or stoppage
	 beyond the draft hood; prevent a backdraft from entering the appliance; and
	 neutralize the effect of stack action of the chimney or gas vent on the
	 operation of the appliance.
DRAFT REGULATOR.
A device that functions to maintain a desired draft in the
	 appliance by automatically reducing the draft to the desired
	 value.
DRAFT STOP.
A material,
	 device or construction installed to restrict the movement of air within open
	 spaces of concealed areas of building components such as crawl spaces,
	 floor-ceiling assemblies, roof-ceiling assemblies and attics.
DRAIN.
Any pipe that carries soil and waterborne wastes in a
	 building drainage system.
DRAIN-BACK SYSTEM.
A solar thermal system in which the fluid in the solar
	 collector loop is drained from the collector into a holding tank under
	 prescribed circumstances.
DRAINAGE FITTING.
A pipe fitting designed to provide connections in the
	 drainage system that have provisions for establishing the desired slope in the
	 system. These fittings are made from a variety of both metals and plastics. The
	 methods of coupling provide for required slope in the system.
DRIP (Chapter 24 - Fuel gas).
The container placed at a
	 low point in a system of piping to collect condensate and from which the
	 condensate is removable.
DUCT.
A tube or conduit utilized for conveying air. The air
	 passages of self-contained systems are not to be construed as air
	 ducts.
DUCT FURNACE.
A warm-air furnace
	 normally installed in an air distribution duct to supply warm air for heating.
	 This definition shall apply only to a warm-air heating appliance that depends
	 for air circulation on a blower not furnished as part of the
	 furnace.
DUCT SYSTEM.
A continuous passageway for the transmission of air that, in
	 addition to ducts, includes duct fittings, dampers, plenums, fans and accessory
	 air-handling equipment and appliances.
DWELLING.
Any building that
exclusively
contains
	 one
,
two
, or three
dwelling units
each of which may be occupied by a family and no more than five lodgers
	 or boarders,
intended, or designed to be built, used, rented, leased,
	 let or hired out to be occupied, or that
is
occupied for
	 living purposes
, physically separated from adjacent structures and with
	 an independent exit from each dwelling unit
.
DWELLING UNIT.
A single unit providing complete independent living
	 facilities for one or more persons, including permanent provisions for living,
	 sleeping, eating, cooking and sanitation.
The dwelling unit may include
	 any accessory space intended for the exclusive use of the occupants of an
	 individual dwelling unit such as a private garage, greenhouse,
	 etc.
DWV.
Abbreviated term for drain,
	 waste and vent piping as used in common plumbing practice.
EFFECTIVE OPENING.
The minimum cross-sectional area at the point of
	 water-supply discharge, measured or expressed in terms of diameter of a circle
	 and if the opening is not circular, the diameter of a circle of equivalent
	 cross-sectional area. (This is applicable to air gap.)
ELBOW.
A pressure pipe fitting
	 designed to provide an exact change in direction of a pipe run. An elbow
	 provides a sharp turn in the flow path (see "Bend" and "Sweep").
EMERGENCY ESCAPE AND RESCUE OPENING.
An operable exterior window, door or
	 similar device that provides for a means of escape and access for rescue in the
	 event of an emergency. (See also "Grade floor opening.")
ENERGY ANALYSIS.
A method for estimating the annual
	 energy use of the proposed design and standard reference design based on
	 estimates of energy use.
ENERGY COST.
The total estimated annual cost for purchased energy for the
	 building functions regulated by this code, including applicable demand
	 charges.
ENERGY SIMULATION TOOL.
An approved software program or
	 calculation-based methodology that projects the annual energy use of a
	 building.
ENGINE-MOUNTED TANK.
A fuel tank furnished by
	 the engine manufacturer or the emergency power system supplier and mounted on
	 the engine, the engine-frame, or under as a subbase.
ENGINEERED WOOD RIM BOARD.
A full-depth structural composite lumber,
	 wood structural panel, structural glued laminated timber or prefabricated wood
	 I-joist member designed to transfer horizontal (shear) and vertical
	 (compression) loads, provide attachment for diaphragm sheathing, siding and
	 exterior deck ledgers and provide lateral support at the ends of floor or roof
	 joists or rafters.
EQUIPMENT (OR FIXTURE).
Any plumbing, heating, electrical,
	 ventilating, air conditioning, refrigerating and fire protection devices and
	 components of systems other than appliances, and elevators, dumb-waiters, and
	 other mechanical facilities or installations that are related to building
	 services.
EQUIVALENT LENGTH.
For determining friction losses in a piping system, the
	 effect of a particular fitting equal to the friction loss through a straight
	 piping length of the same nominal diameter.
ERI REFERENCE DESIGN.
A version of the rated design that
	 meets the minimum requirements of the 2006 International Energy Conservation
	 Code.
ESCARPMENT.
With
	 respect to topographic wind effects, a cliff or steep slope generally
	 separating two levels or gently sloping areas.
ESSENTIALLY NONTOXIC TRANSFER FLUIDS.
Fluids having a Gosselin rating of 1,
	 including propylene glycol; mineral oil; polydimethy oil oxane;
	 hydrochlorofluorocarbon, chlorofluorocarbon and hydrofluorocarbon refrigerants;
	 and FDA-approved boiler water additives for steam boilers.
ESSENTIALLY TOXIC TRANSFER FLUIDS.
Soil, water or gray water and fluids
	 having a Gosselin rating of 2 or more including ethylene glycol, hydrocarbon
	 oils, ammonia refrigerants and hydrazine.
EVAPORATIVE COOLER.
A device used for reducing air temperature by the process of
	 evaporating water into an airstream.
EXCESS AIR.
Air that
	 passes through the combustion chamber and the appliance flue in excess of what
	 is theoretically required for complete combustion.
EXCESS FLOW VALVE (EFV).
A valve designed to
	 activate when the fuel gas passing through it exceeds a prescribed flow
	 rate.
EXHAUST HOOD, FULL OPENING.
An exhaust hood with an opening not less
	 than the diameter of the connecting vent.
EXISTING INSTALLATIONS.
Any plumbing system regulated by this code that was legally
	 installed prior to the effective date of this code, or for which a permit to
	 install has been issued.
EXIT.
That portion of a means
	 of egress system between the exit access and the exit discharge or public way.
	 Exit components include exterior exit doors at the level of exit discharge,
	 interior exit stairways, interior exit ramps, exit passageways, exterior exit
	 stairways and exterior exit ramps and horizontal exits.
EXPANSIVE SOILS.
Soils that exhibit volumetric increase or decrease (swelling
	 or shrinking) in response to partial or full wetting or drying under
	 load.
EXTERIOR INSULATION AND FINISH SYSTEMS
	 (EIFS).
EIFS are nonstructural,
	 nonload-bearing exterior wall cladding systems that consist of an insulation
	 board attached either adhesively or mechanically, or both, to the substrate; an
	 integrally reinforced base coat; and a textured protective finish
	 coat.
EXTERIOR INSULATION AND FINISH SYSTEMS
	 (EIFS) WITH DRAINAGE.
An EIFS that
	 incorporates a means of drainage applied over a water-resistive
	 barrier.
EXTERIOR MASONRY CHIMNEYS.
Masonry chimneys exposed
	 to the outdoors on one or more sides below the roof line.
EXTERIOR WALL.
Walls including both above-grade walls and basement
	 walls.
EXTERIOR WALL COVERING.
A material or assembly of materials applied on the exterior
	 side of exterior walls for the purpose of providing a weather-resistive
	 barrier, insulation or for aesthetics, including but not limited to, veneers,
	 siding, exterior insulation and finish systems, architectural trim and
	 embellishments such as cornices, soffits, and fascias.
FACING.
The wood structural panel facings that form the two outmost
	 rigid layers of the structural insulated panel.
FACTORY-BUILT CHIMNEY.
A listed and labeled chimney composed of factory-made
	 components assembled in the field in accordance with the manufacturer's
	 instructions and the conditions of the listing.
FACTORY-MADE AIR DUCT.
A listed and labeled duct manufactured in a factory and
	 assembled in the field in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions and
	 conditions of the listing.
FENESTRATION.
Products classified as either vertical fenestration or
	 skylights and sloped glazing, installed in such a manner as to preserve the
	 weather-resistant barrier of the wall or roof in which they are installed.
	 Fenestration includes products with glass or other transparent or transluscent
	 materials.
Site-built fenestration product.
A fenestration designed
	 to be made up of field-glazed or field-assembled units using specific factory
	 cut or otherwise factory-formed framing and glazing units. Examples of
	 site-built fenestration include storefront systems, curtain walls, and atrium
	 roof systems.
Skylights and sloped glazing.
Glass or other transparent or translucent glazing material installed at
	 a slope of 15 degrees ( 0.26 rad) or more from vertical. Unit skylights,
	 tubular daylighting devices and glazing materials in solariums, sunrooms, roofs
	 and sloped walls are included in this definition.
Skylights (Chapter 11 Energy
	 Conservation).
Glass or
	 other transparent or translucent glazing material installed at a slope of less
	 than 60 degrees ( 1.05 rad) from
	 horizontal.
Unit
	 Skylight.
A factory assembled,
	 glazed fenestration unit, containing one panel of glazing material, that allows
	 for natural daylighting through an opening in the roof assembly while
	 preserving the weather-resistant barrier of the roof.
Vertical fenestration.
Windows that are fixed or movable,
	 opaque doors, glazed doors, glazed block and combination opaque and glazed
	 doors installed in a wall at less than 15 degrees from
	 vertical.
Vertical fenestration (Chapter 11
	 Energy Conservation).
Windows that are fixed or operable, opaque doors, glazed
	 doors, glazed block and combination opaque/glazed doors composed of glass or
	 other transparent or translucent glazing materials and installed at a slope of
	 not less than 60 degrees (
	 1.05 rad) from
	 horizontal.
FIBER-CEMENT (BACKERBOARD, SIDING,
	 SOFFIT, TRIM AND UNDERLAYMENT) PRODUCTS.
Manufactured thin section composites of hydraulic
	 cementitious matrices and discrete nonasbestos fibers.
FIRE SEPARATION DISTANCE.
The distance measured from the building
	 face to one of the following:
1. To the closest interior lot
	 line.
2. To the centerline of a street, an alley or
	 public way.
3. To an imaginary line between two buildings
	 on the lot.
The distance shall be measured at a right angle
	 from the face of the wall.
FIREBLOCKING.
Building materials or materials approved for use as
	 fireblocking, installed to resist the free passage of flame to other areas of
	 the building through concealed spaces.
FIREPLACE.
A fire chamber and hearth constructed of non-combustible
	 material for use with solid fuels and provided with a
	 chimney.
Factory-built fireplace.
A listed and labeled fireplace and chimney
	 system composed of factory-made components, and assembled in the field in
	 accordance with manufacturer's instructions and the conditions of the
	 listing.
Masonry fireplace.
A
	 field-constructed
hearth and fire chamber composed of solid masonry
	 units such as bricks, stones, listed masonry units or reinforced concrete and
	 provided with a suitable chimney.
FIREPLACE STOVE.
A free-standing, chimney-connected solid-fuel-burning heater
	 designed to be operated with the fire chamber doors in either the open or
	 closed position.
FIREPLACE THROAT.
The opening between the top of the firebox and the smoke
	 chamber.
FIRE-RETARDANT-TREATED WOOD.
Pressure-treated lumber and plywood that
	 exhibit reduced surface burning characteristics and resist propagation of
	 fire.
Other means during manufacture.
A process where the wood raw material is
	 treated with a fire-retardant formulation while undergoing creation as a
	 finished product.
Pressure process.
A process for treating wood using an initial vacuum followed
	 by the introduction of pressure above atmospheric.
FIXTURE. See "Plumbing
	 fixture."
FIXTURE (OR EQUIPMENT).
Any plumbing, heating,
	 electrical, ventilating, air conditioning, refrigerating and fire protection
	 devices and components of systems other than appliances, and elevators,
	 dumb-waiters, and other mechanical facilities or installations that are related
	 to building services.
FIXTURE BRANCH, DRAINAGE.
A drain serving two or more fixtures that
	 discharges into another portion of the drainage system.
FIXTURE BRANCH, WATER-SUPPLY.
A water-supply pipe between the fixture
	 supply and a main water-distribution pipe or fixture group main.
FIXTURE DRAIN.
The drain from the trap of a fixture to the junction of that
	 drain with any other drain pipe.
FIXTURE FITTING.
Supply fitting.
A fitting that controls the volume or directional flow or
	 both of water and that is either attached to or accessed from a fixture or is
	 used with an open or atmospheric discharge.
Waste fitting.
A combination of components that conveys the sanitary waste
	 from the outlet of a fixture to the connection of the sanitary drainage
	 system.
FIXTURE GROUP, MAIN.
The main water-distribution pipe (or secondary branch)
	 serving a plumbing fixture grouping such as a bath, kitchen or laundry area to
	 which two or more individual fixture branch pipes are connected.
FIXTURE SUPPLY.
The water-supply pipe connecting a fixture or fixture
	 fitting to a fixture branch.
FIXTURE UNIT, DRAINAGE (d.f.u.).
A measure of probable discharge into the
	 drainage system by various types of plumbing fixtures, used to size DWV piping
	 systems. The drainage fixture-unit value for a particular fixture depends on
	 its volume rate of drainage discharge, on the time duration of a single
	 drainage operation and on the average time between successive
	 operations.
FIXTURE UNIT, WATER-SUPPLY (w.s.f.u.).
A measure of the probable hydraulic demand
	 on the water supply by various types of plumbing fixtures used to size
	 water-piping systems. The water-supply fixture-unit value for a particular
	 fixture depends on its volume rate of supply, on the time duration of a single
	 supply operation and on the average time between successive
	 operations.
FLAME SAFEGUARD.
A device that will
	 automatically shut off the fuel supply to a main burner or group of burners
	 when the means of ignition of such burners becomes inoperative, and when flame
	 failure occurs on the burner or group of burners.
FLAME SPREAD.
The propagation of flame over a surface.
FLAME SPREAD INDEX.
A comparative measure, expressed as a dimensionless number,
	 derived from visual measurements of the spread of flame versus time for a
	 material tested in accordance with ASTM E84 or UL 723.
FLASHBACK ARRESTOR CHECK VALVE.
A device that will
	 prevent the backflow of one gas into the supply system of another gas and
	 prevent the passage of flame into the gas supply system.
FLEXIBLE AIR CONNECTOR.
A conduit for transferring air between an air duct or plenum
	 and an air terminal unit, an air inlet or an air outlet. Such conduit is
	 limited in its use, length and location.
FLIGHT.
A continuous run of rectangular treads or winders or
	 combination thereof from one landing to another.
FLOOD HAZARD AREA.
The greater of the
	 following two areas:
1. The area within a floodplain
	 subject to a 1 percent or greater chance of flooding in any given
	 year.
2. This area designated as a flood
	 hazard area on a community's flood hazard map, or otherwise legally
	 designated.
FLOOD-LEVEL RIM.
The edge of the receptor or fixture from which water
	 overflows.
FLOOR DRAIN.
A plumbing fixture for recess in the floor having a
	 floor-level strainer intended for the purpose of the collection and disposal of
	 wastewater used in cleaning the floor and for the collection and disposal of
	 accidental spillage to the floor.
FLOOR FURNACE.
A
completely
self-contained furnace
	 suspended from the floor of the space being heated, taking air for combustion
	 from outside such space, and with means for
observing flames and
lighting the appliance from such space.
FLOW PRESSURE.
The static pressure reading in the water-supply pipe near
	 the faucet or water outlet while the faucet or water outlet is open and flowing
	 at capacity.
FLUE.
See "Vent."
FLUE, APPLIANCE.
The passages within an appliance through which combustion
	 products pass from the combustion chamber to the flue collar.
FLUE COLLAR.
The portion of a fuel-burning appliance designed for the
	 attachment of a draft hood, vent connector or venting system.
FLUE GASES.
Products of
	 combustion plus excess air in appliance flues or heat exchangers.
FLUE LINER (LINING).
A system or material used
	 to form the inside surface of a flue in a chimney or vent, for the purpose of
	 protecting the surrounding structure from the effects of combustion products
	 and for conveying combustion products without leakage to the
	 atmosphere.
FLUSH VALVE.
A device located at the bottom of a flush tank that is
	 operated to flush water closets.
FLUSHOMETER TANK.
A device integrated within an air accumulator vessel that is
	 designed to discharge a predetermined quantity of water to fixtures for
	 flushing purposes.
FLUSHOMETER VALVE.
A flushometer valve is a device that discharges a
	 predetermined quantity of water to fixtures for flushing purposes and is
	 actuated by direct water pressure.
FOAM BACKER BOARD.
Foam plastic used in siding applications where the foam
	 plastic is a component of the siding.
FOAM PLASTIC INSULATION.
A plastic that is intentionally expanded
	 by the use of a foaming agent to produce a reduced-density plastic containing
	 voids consisting of open or closed cells distributed throughout the plastic for
	 thermal insulating or acoustic purposes and that has a density less than 20
	 pounds per cubic foot (320 kg/m3) unless it is used
	 as interior trim.
FOAM PLASTIC INTERIOR TRIM.
Exposed foam plastic used as picture
	 molds, chair rails, crown moldings, baseboards, handrails, ceiling beams, door
	 trim and window trim and similar decorative or protective materials used in
	 fixed applications.
FUEL-PIPING SYSTEM.
All piping, tubing, valves and fittings used to connect fuel
	 utilization equipment to the point of fuel delivery.
FUEL GAS.
A natural gas,
	 manufactured gas, liquefied petroleum gas or mixtures of these
	 gases.
FUEL TANK.
A tank containing fuel
	 for an engine(s) or appliance.
FULL-OPEN VALVE.
A water control or shutoff component in the water supply
	 system piping that, where adjusted for maximum flow, the flow path through the
	 component's closure member is not a restriction in the component's through-flow
	 area.
FULLWAY VALVE.
A valve that in the full open position has an opening
	 cross-sectional area that is not less than 85 percent of the cross-sectional
	 area of the connecting pipe.
FURNACE.
A completely self-contained heating unit that is designed to
	 supply heated air to spaces remote from or adjacent to the appliance
	 location.
Furnace, central.
A
	 self-contained appliance for heating air by transfer of heat of combustion
	 through metal to the air, and designed to supply heated air through ducts to
	 spaces remote from or adjacent to the appliance location.
Furnace plenum.
An air
	 compartment or chamber to which one or more ducts are connected and that forms
	 part of an air distribution system.
GAS CONVENIENCE OUTLET.
A permanently mounted,
	 manually operated device that provides the means for connecting an appliance
	 to, and disconnecting an appliance from, the supply piping. The device includes
	 an integral, manually operated valve with a non-displaceable valve member and
	 is designed so that disconnection of an appliance only occurs when the manually
	 operated valve is in the closed position.
GAS PIPING.
An installation of pipe,
	 valves or fittings installed on a premises or in a building and utilized to
	 convey fuel gas.
GLAZING AREA.
The interior surface area of all glazed fenestration,
	 including the area of sash, curbing or other framing elements, that enclose
	 conditioned space. Includes the area of glazed fenestration assemblies in walls
	 bounding conditioned basements.
GRADE.
The finished ground level adjoining the building at all
	 exterior walls.
GRADE, PIPING.
See "Slope."
GRADE FLOOR OPENING.
A window or other opening located such that the sill height
	 of the opening is not more than 44 inches (1118 mm) above or below the finished
	 ground level adjacent to the opening. (See also "Emergency escape and rescue
	 opening.")
GRADE PLANE.
A reference plane representing the average of the finished
	 ground level adjoining the building at all exterior walls. Where the finished
	 ground level slopes away from the exterior walls, the reference plane shall be
	 established by the lowest points within the area between the building and the
	 lot line or, where the lot line is more than 6 feet (1829 mm) from the building
	 between the structure and a point 6 feet (1829 mm) from the
	 building.
GRAY WATER.
Waste
	 discharged from lavatories, bathtubs, showers, clothes washers and laundry
	 trays.
Private water supplies and recycled water systems are regulated
	 by the Ohio Department of Health rules found in Chapter 3701-28 of the
	 Administrative Code.
GRIDDED WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM.
A water distribution system where every
	 water distribution pipe is interconnected so as to provide two or more paths to
	 each fixture supply pipe.
GROSS AREA OF EXTERIOR WALLS.
The normal projection of all exterior
	 walls, including the area of all windows and doors installed
	 therein.
GROUND-SOURCE HEAT PUMP LOOP SYSTEM.
Piping buried in horizontal or vertical
	 excavations or placed in a body of water for the purpose of transporting heat
	 transfer liquid to and from a heat pump. Included in this definition are closed
	 loop systems in which the liquid is recirculated and open loop systems in which
	 the liquid is drawn from a well or other source.
GUARD.
A building component or a
	 system of building components located near the open sides of elevated walking
	 surfaces that minimizes the possibility of a fall from the walking surface to
	 the lower level.
GUESTROOM.
Any room or rooms used or intended to be used by one or more
	 guests for living or sleeping purposes.
GYPSUM BOARD.
The generic name for a family of sheet products consisting
	 of a noncombustible core primarily of gypsum with paper surfacing. Gypsum
	 wallboard, gypsum sheathing, gypsum base for gypsum veneer plaster, exterior
	 gypsum soffit board, predecorated gypsum board and water-resistant gypsum
	 backing board complying with the standards listed in Section 702.3 and Part IX
	 of this code are types of gypsum board.
GYPSUM PANEL PRODUCT.
The general name for a family of sheet products consisting
	 essentially of gypsum.
HABITABLE SPACE.
A space in a building for living, sleeping, eating or
	 cooking. Bathrooms, toilet rooms, closets, halls, storage or utility spaces and
	 similar areas are not considered habitable spaces.
HANDRAIL.
A horizontal or sloping rail intended for grasping by the
	 hand for guidance or support.
HANGERS.
See "Supports."
HAZARDOUS LOCATION.
Any location considered to be a fire hazard for flammable
	 vapors, dust, combustible fibers or other highly combustible substances.
The location is not necessarily categorized in the Ohio Building Code
	 as a high-hazard use group classification.
HEAT PUMP.
An appliance having heating or heating and cooling
	 capability and that uses refrigerants to extract heat from air, liquid or other
	 sources.
HEATED SLAB.
Slab-on-grade construction in which the heating elements,
	 hydronic tubing, or hot air distribution system is in contact with, or placed
	 within or under, the slab.
HEIGHT, BUILDING.
The vertical distance from grade plane to the average height
	 of the highest roof surface.
HEIGHT, STORY.
The vertical distance from top to top of two successive
	 tiers of beams or finished floor surfaces; and, for the topmost story, from the
	 top of the floor finish to the top of the ceiling joists or, where there is not
	 a ceiling, to the top of the roof rafters.
HIGH-EFFICACY LAMPS.
Compact fluorescent lamps,
	 light-emitting diode (LED) lamps, T-8 or smaller diameter linear fluorescent
	 lamps, or other lamps with an efficacy of not less than the
	 following:
1. 60 lumens per watt for lamps over 40
	 watts.
2. 50 lumens per watt for lamps over 15
	 watts to 40 watts.
3. 40 lumens per watt for lamps 15
	 watts or less.
HIGH-TEMPERATURE (H.T.) CHIMNEY.
A high temperature chimney complying with
	 the requirements of UL 103. A Type H.T. chimney is identifiable by the markings
	 "Type H.T." on each chimney pipe section.
HILL.
With respect to topographic
	 wind effects, a land surface characterized by strong relief in any horizontal
	 direction.
HISTORIC BUILDING.
A building or structure that is one or more of the
	 following:
1. Listed, or certified as eligible for
	 listing, by the State Preservation
Office at the Ohio History
	 Connection
or the Keeper of the National Register of Historic Places
	 in the National Register of Historic Places.
2. Designated as historic under an applicable
	 state or local law.
3. Certified as a contributing resource within
	 a National Register-listed, or a state-designated or locally designated
	 historic district.
HORIZONTAL BRANCH, DRAINAGE.
A drain pipe extending laterally from a
	 soil or waste stack or building drain, that receives the discharge from one or
	 more fixture drains.
HORIZONTAL PIPE.
Any pipe or fitting that makes an angle of less than 45
	 degrees ( 0.79 rad) with the horizontal.
HOUSE PIPING.
See "Piping
	 system."
HOT WATER.
Water at a temperature greater than or equal to 110°F
	 (43°C).
HURRICANE-PRONE REGIONS.
Areas vulnerable to hurricanes, defined as
	 the U.S. Atlantic Ocean and Gulf of Mexico coasts where the ultimate design
	 wind speed, Vult, is greater than 115 miles per hour (51 m/s), and Hawaii,
	 Puerto Rico, Guam, Virgin Islands and America Samoa.
HYDROGEN-GENERATING APPLIANCE.
A self-contained package or
	 factory-matched packages of integrated systems for generating gaseous hydrogen.
	 Hydrogen-generating appliances utilize electrolysis, reformation, chemical or
	 other processes to generate hydrogen.
IGNITION PILOT.
A pilot that operates
	 during the lighting cycle and discontinues during main burner
	 operation.
IGNITION SOURCE.
A flame, spark or hot surface capable of igniting flammable
	 vapors or fumes. Such sources include appliance burners, burner ignitions and
	 electrical switching devices.
IMPACT PROTECTIVE SYSTEM.
Construction that has been shown by
	 testing to withstand the impact of test missiles and that is applied, attached,
	 or locked over exterior glazing.
INDIRECT SYSTEM.
A solar thermal system in which the gas or liquid in the
	 solar collector loop circulates between the solar collector and a heat
	 exchanger and such gas or liquid is not drained from the system or supplied to
	 the load during normal operation.
INDIRECT WASTE PIPE.
A waste pipe that discharges into the drainage system
	 through an air gap into a trap, fixture or receptor.
INDIVIDUAL SEWAGE DISPOSAL SYSTEM.
A system for disposal of sewage by means
	 of a septic tank or mechanical treatment, designed for use apart from a public
	 sewer to serve a single establishment or building.
INDIVIDUAL VENT.
A pipe installed to vent a single fixture drain that
	 connects with the vent system above or terminates independently outside the
	 building.
INDIVIDUAL WATER SUPPLY.
A supply other than an approved public
	 water supply that serves one or more families.
INDUSTRIALIZED UNITS.
Industrialized units are
	 prefabricated components comprised of closed construction manufactured at a
	 location remote from the site of intended use and transported to a building
	 site for its subsequent use. Industrialized units are not restricted to housing
	 for one-, two-, and three-family dwellings, but includes all prefabricated
	 forms of building elements and assembled construction units, intended for both
	 structural and service equipment purposes in all buildings of all groups.
	 Prefabricated shop assemblies may be shipped in structurally complete units
	 ready for installation in the building structure or in knock-down and packaged
	 form for assembly at the site.
INFILTRATION.
The uncontrolled inward air leakage into a building caused
	 by the pressure effects of wind or the effect of differences in the indoor and
	 outdoor air density or both.
INFRARED RADIANT HEATER.
A heater that directs a
	 substantial amount of its energy output in the form of infrared radiant energy
	 into the area to be heated. Such heaters are of either the vented or unvented
	 type.
INSULATED SIDING.
A type of continuous insulation, with
	 manufacturer-installed insulating material as an integral part of the cladding
	 product, having a minimum
R
-value of R-2.
INSULATED VINYL SIDING.
A vinyl cladding product, with manufacturer-installed foam
	 plastic insulating material as an integral part of the cladding product, having
	 a thermal resistance of not less than R-2.
INSULATING CONCRETE FORM (ICF).
A concrete forming system using
	 stay-in-place forms of rigid foam plastic insulation, a hybrid of cement and
	 foam insulation, a hybrid of cement and wood chips, or other insulating
	 material for constructing cast-in-place concrete walls.
INSULATING SHEATHING.
An insulating board having a thermal resistance of not less
	 than R-2 of the core material.
JOINT, FLARED.
A metal-to-metal
	 compression joint in which a conical spread is made on the end of a tube that
	 is compressed by a flare nut against a mating flare.
JOINT, MECHANICAL.
A general form of
	 gas-tight joints obtained by the joining of metal parts through a
	 positive-holding mechanical construction, such as a press-connect joint,
	 flanged joint, threaded joint, flared joint or compression
	 joint.
JOINT, PLASTIC ADHESIVE.
A joint made in thermoset
	 plastic piping by the use of an adhesive substance that forms a continuous bond
	 between the mating surfaces without dis- solving either one of
	 them.
JURISDICTION.
The municipality, township or county governmental unit with
	 a residential building department certified by the board of building
	 standards
.
KITCHEN.
Kitchen shall mean an area used, or designated to be used,
	 for the preparation of food.
LABEL.
An identification applied on a product by the manufacturer
	 that contains the name of the manufacturer, the function and performance
	 characteristics of the product or material, and the name and identification of
	 an approved agency and that indicates that the representative sample of the
	 product or material has been tested and evaluated by an approved agency. (See
	 also "Manufacturer's designation" and "Mark.")
LABELED.
Equipment, materials or products to which have been affixed
	 a label, seal, symbol or other identifying mark of a nationally recognized
	 testing laboratory, approved agency or other organization concerned with
	 product evaluation that maintains periodic inspection of the production of such
	 labeled items and whose labeling indicates either that the equipment, material
	 or product meets identified standards or has been tested and found suitable for
	 a specified purpose.
LEAK CHECK.
An operation performed on
	 a gas piping system to verify that the system does not
	 leak.
LIGHT-FRAME CONSTRUCTION.
Construction whose vertical and horizontal
	 structural elements are primarily formed by a system of repetitive wood or
	 cold-formed steel framing members.
LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS or LPG
	 (LP-GAS).
Liquefied
	 petroleum gas composed predominately of pro- pane, propylene, butanes or
	 butylenes, or mixtures thereof that is gaseous under normal atmospheric
	 conditions, but is capable of being liquefied under moderate pressure at normal
	 temperatures.
LISTED.
Equipment, materials, products or services included in a
	 list published by an organization
recognized by the Board
and
	 concerned with evaluation of products or services that maintains periodic
	 inspection of production of listed equipment or materials or periodic
	 evaluation of services and whose listing states either that the equipment,
	 material, product or service meets identified standards or has been tested and
	 found suitable for a specified purpose
when installed in accordance
	 with the manufacturer's installation instructions
.
LIVE LOADS.
Those loads
	 produced by the use and occupancy of the building or other structure and do not
	 include construction or environmental loads such as wind load, snow load, rain
	 load, earthquake load, flood load or dead load.
LIVING SPACE.
Space within a dwelling unit utilized for living, sleeping,
	 eating, cooking, bathing, washing and sanitation purposes.
LOAD-BEARING ELEMENT.
Any column, girder, beam,
	 joist, truss, rafter, wall, floor or roof sheathing that supports any vertical
	 load in addition to its own weight, and/or any lateral
	 load.
LOCAL EXHAUST.
An exhaust system that uses one or more fans to exhaust air
	 from a specific room or rooms within a dwelling.
LOCKING-TYPE TAMPER-RESISTANT CAP.
A cap designed to be unlocked by a
	 specially designed tool or key to prevent removal of the cap by means of
	 hand-loosening or by commonly available tools.
LODGING HOUSE.
A one-family dwelling where one or more occupants are
	 primarily permanent in nature, and rent is paid for guestrooms.
LOG LIGHTER.
A manually operated
	 solid-fuel ignition appliance for installation in a vented solid fuel-burning
	 fire- place.
LOT.
A portion or parcel of land considered as a
	 unit.
LOT LINE.
A line dividing one lot from another, or from a street or
	 any public place.
LOW-VOLTAGE LIGHTING.
Lighting equipment powered through
	 a transformer such as a cable conductor, a rail conductor and track
	 lighting.
MACERATING TOILET SYSTEMS.
A system comprised of a sump with
	 macerating pump and with connections for a water closet and other plumbing
	 fixtures, that is designed to accept, grind and pump wastes to an approved
	 point of discharge.
MAIN.
The principal pipe artery to which branches may be
	 connected.
MAIN BURNER.
A device or group of
	 devices essentially forming an integral unit for the final conveyance of gas or
	 a mixture of gas and air to the combustion zone, and on which combustion takes
	 place to accomplish the function for which the appliance is
	 designed.
MAIN SEWER.
See "Public
	 sewer."
MANIFOLD WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS.
A fabricated piping arrangement in which a
	 large supply main is fitted with multiple branches in close proximity in which
	 water is distributed separately to fixtures from each branch.
MANUAL.
Capable of being operated by personal intervention (see
	 "Automatic").
MANUFACTURED HOME.
A building unit or assembly of
	 closed construction that is fabricated in an off-site facility and constructed
	 in conformance with the federal construction and safety standards established
	 by the secretary of housing and urban development pursuant to the "Manufactured
	 Housing Construction and Safety Standards Act of 1974," 88 Stat. 700,
	 42 U.S.C.A.
	 5401,
	 5403,
	 and that has a permanent label or tag affixed to it, as specified in
	 42
	 U.S.C.A. 5415, certifying compliance with all
	 applicable federal construction and safety standards.
MANUFACTURER'S DESIGNATION.
An identification applied on a product by
	 the manufacturer indicating that a product or material complies with a
	 specified standard or set of rules. (See also "Mark" and "Label.")
MANUFACTURER'S INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS.
Instructions published for
	 appliances, materials, components, products,
equipment
, assemblies or systems
as part of
	 the conditions of their listing and labeling.
MARK.
An identification applied on a product by the manufacturer
	 indicating the name of the manufacturer and the function of a product or
	 material. (See also "Manufacturer's designation" and "Label.")
MASONRY CHIMNEY.
A field-constructed chimney composed of solid masonry units,
	 bricks, stones or concrete.
MASONRY HEATER.
A masonry heater is a solid fuel burning heating appliance
	 constructed predominantly of concrete or solid masonry having a mass of not
	 less than 1,100 pounds (500 kg), excluding the chimney and foundation. It is
	 designed to absorb and store a substantial portion of heat from a fire built in
	 the firebox by routing exhaust gases through internal heat exchange channels in
	 which the flow path downstream of the firebox includes not less than one
	 180-degree ( 3.14 -rad) change in flow
	 direction before entering the chimney and that deliver heat by radiation
	 through the masonry surface of the heater.
MASONRY, SOLID.
Masonry consisting of solid masonr units laid contiguously
	 with the joints between the units filled with mortar.
MASONRY UNIT.
Brick, tile, stone, architectural cast stone, glass block or
	 concrete block conforming to the requirements specified in Section 2103 of the
building code
.
Clay.
A building unit larger in
	 size than a brick, composed of burned clay, shale, fire clay or mixtures
	 thereof.
Concrete.
A building unit or block larger in size than 12 inches by 4
	 inches by 4 inches (305 mm by 102 mm by 102 mm) made of cement and suitable
	 aggregates.
Glass.
Nonload-bearing masonry composed of glass units bonded by
	 mortar.
Hollow.
A masonry unit with a net cross-sectional area in any plane
	 parallel to the loadbearing surface that is less than 75 percent of its gross
	 cross-sectional area measured in the same plane.
Solid.
A masonry unit with a net
	 cross-sectional area in every plane parallel to the loadbearing surface that is
	 75 percent or more of its cross-sectional area measured in the same
	 plane.
MEAN ROOF HEIGHT.
The average of the roof eave height and the height to the
	 highest point on the roof surface, except that eave height shall be used for
	 roof angle of less than or equal to 10 degrees ( 0.18 rad).
MECHANICAL DRAFT SYSTEM.
A venting system designed to remove flue
	 or vent gases by mechanical means, that consists of an induced draft portion
	 under nonpositive static pressure or a forced draft portion under positive
	 static pressure.
Forced draft venting
	 system
. A portion of a venting system
	 using a fan or other mechanical means to cause the removal of flue or vent
	 gases under positive static pressure.
Induced draft venting system.
A portion of a venting system using a fan
	 or other mechanical means to cause the removal of flue or vent gases under
	 nonpositive static vent pressure.
Power venting system.
A portion of a venting system using a fan or other
	 mechanical means to cause the removal of flue or vent gases under positive
	 static vent pressure.
MECHANICAL EXHAUST SYSTEM.
A system for removing air from a room or
	 space by mechanical means.
MECHANICAL JOINT.
1. A connection between pipes, fittings or
	 pipes and fittings that is not welded, brazed, caulked, soldered, solvent
	 cemented or heat-fused.
2. A general form of gas- or liquid-tight
	 connections obtained by the joining of parts through a positive holding
	 mechanical construction such as, but not limited to, flanged, screwed, clamped
	 or flared connections.
MECHANICAL SYSTEM.
A system specifically addressed and regulated in this code
	 and composed of components, devices, appliances and equipment.
METAL ROOF PANEL.
An interlocking metal sheet having an installed weather
	 exposure of not less than 3 square feet ( 0.28 m2)
	 per sheet.
METAL ROOF SHINGLE.
An interlocking metal sheet having an installed weather
	 exposure less than 3 square feet ( 0.28 m2) per
	 sheet.
METER.
The instrument
	 installed to measure the volume of gas delivered through
	 it.
MEZZANINE.
An intermediate level or levels between the floor and
	 ceiling of any story.
MINOR REPAIR. See "Repair,
	 Minor".
MODIFIED BITUMEN ROOF COVERING.
One or more layers of polymer modified
	 asphalt sheets. The sheet materials shall be fully adhered or mechanically
	 attached to the substrate or held in place with an approved ballast
	 layer.
MODULATING (Chapter 24 - Fuel
	 gas).
Modulating or
	 throttling is the action of a control from its maximum to minimum position in
	 either pre-determined steps or increments of movement as caused by its
	 actuating medium.
MULTIPLE-STATION SMOKE ALARM.
Two or more single-station alarm devices
	 that are capable of interconnection such that actuation of one causes all
	 integral or separate audible alarms to operate.
NAILABLE SUBSTRATE.
A product or material such as framing, sheathing or furring,
	 composed of wood or wood-based materials, or other materials and fasteners
	 providing equivalent fastener withdrawal resistance.
NATURAL DRAFT SYSTEM.
A venting system designed to remove flue or vent gases under
	 nonpositive static vent pressure entirely by natural draft.
NATURALLY DURABLE WOOD.
The heartwood of the following species with the exception
	 that an occasional piece with corner sapwood is permitted if 90 percent or more
	 of the width of each side on which it occurs is heartwood.
Decay resistant.
Redwood, cedar, black locust and black walnut.
Termite resistant.
Alaska yellow cedar, redwood, Eastern red cedar and Western
	 red cedar including all sapwood of Western red cedar.
NONCOMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL.
Materials that pass the test procedure for
	 defining noncombustibility of elementary materials set forth in ASTM
	 E136.
Noncombustible materials (Chapter
	 24 - Fuel gas).
Materials that, where
	 tested in accordance with ASTM E136, have not fewer than three of four
	 specimens tested meeting all of the following criteria:
1. The recorded temperature of the
	 surface and interior thermocouples shall not at any time during the test rise
	 more than 54ºF (30ºC) above the furnace temperature at the beginning
	 of the test.
2. There shall not be flaming from the
	 specimen after the first 30 seconds.
3. If the weight loss of the specimen
	 during testing exceeds 50 percent, the recorded temperature of the surface and
	 interior thermocouples shall not at any time during the test rise above the
	 furnace air temperature at the beginning of the test, and there shall not be
	 flaming of the specimen.
NOSING.
The leading edge of treads of stairs and of landings at the
	 top of stairway flights.
OCCUPIED SPACE.
The total area of all buildings or structures on any lot or
	 parcel of ground projected on a horizontal plane, excluding permitted
	 projections as allowed by this code.
OFFSET.
A combination of fittings that makes two changes in
	 direction, bringing one section of the pipe out of line and into a line
	 parallel with the other section.
Offset (vent).
A combination of approved
	 bends that make two changes in
direction bringing one section of the
	 vent out of line, but into a line parallel
with the other
	 section.
ON-SITE NONPOTABLE WATER REUSE SYSTEMS.
Water systems for the collection,
	 treatment, storage, distribution, and reuse of nonpotable water generated on
	 site, including but not limited to graywater systems. This definition does not
	 include rainwater harvesting systems.
OPAQUE DOOR.
A door that is not less than 50-percent opaque in surface
	 area.
OUTLET (Chapter 24 - Fuel gas).
The point at which a
	 gas-fired appliance connects to the gas piping system.
OWNER.
Any person, agent, firm or corporation having a legal or
	 equitable interest in the property.
OXYGEN DEPLETION SAFETY SHUTOFF
	 SYSTEM (ODS).
A system
	 designed to act to shut off the gas supply to the main and pilot burners if the
	 oxygen in the surrounding atmosphere is reduced below a predetermined
	 level.
PAN FLASHING.
Corrosion-resistant flashing at the base of an opening that
	 is integrated into the building exterior wall to direct water to the exterior
	 and is premanufactured, fabricated, formed or applied at the job
	 site.
PANEL THICKNESS.
Thickness of core plus two layers of structural wood panel
	 facings.
PELLET FUEL-BURNING APPLIANCE.
A closed combustion, vented appliance
	 equipped with a fuel feed mechanism for burning processed pellets of solid fuel
	 of a specified size and composition.
PELLET VENT.
A vent listed and labeled for use with a listed pellet
	 fuel-burning appliance.
PERFORMANCE CATEGORY.
A designation of wood structural panels as related to the
	 panel performance used in Chapters 4, 5, 6 and 8.
PERMIT.
An
approval indicated in an
official
	 document or certificate issued by the
residential
building
	 official that authorizes performance of a specified activity.
Also see
	 "APPROVED".
PERSON.
An individual, heirs, executors, administrators or assigns,
	 and a firm, partnership or corporation, its or their successors or assigns, or
	 the agent of any of the aforesaid.
PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULE.
A complete, environmentally protected unit consisting of
	 solar cells, optics and other components, exclusive of a tracker, designed to
	 generate DC power where exposed to sunlight.
PHOTOVOLTAIC PANEL.
A collection of photovoltaic modules mechanically fastened
	 together, wired, and designed to provide a field-installable unit.
PHOTOVOLTAIC PANEL SYSTEM.
A system that incorporates discrete
	 photovoltaic panels that convert solar radiation into electricity, including
	 rack support systems.
PHOTOVOLTAIC SHINGLES.
A roof covering that resembles shingles and that
	 incorporates photovoltaic modules.
PILOT.
A small flame that
	 is utilized to ignite the gas at the main burner or burners.
PIPING (Chapter 24 - Fuel gas).
Where used in this code,
	 "piping" refers to either pipe or tubing, or both.
Pipe.
A rigid conduit of iron, steel,
	 copper, copper-alloy or plastic.
Tubing.
Semi-rigid conduit of
	 copper, copper-alloy, aluminum, plastic or
steel.
PIPING SYSTEM (Chapter 24 - Fuel
	 gas).
The fuel piping,
	 valves and fittings from the outlet of the point of delivery to the outlets of
	 the appliance shutoff valves.
PITCH.
See "Slope."
PLASTIC COMPOSITE.
A generic designation that refers to wood-plastic composites
	 and plastic lumber.
PLASTIC, THERMOPLASTIC.
A plastic that is capable
	 of being repeatedly softened by increase of temperature and hardened by
	 decrease of temperature.
PLATFORM CONSTRUCTION.
A method of construction by which floor framing bears on
	 load bearing walls that are not continuous through the story levels or floor
	 framing.
PLENUM.
A chamber that forms part of an air-circulation system other
	 than the occupied space being conditioned.
PLUMBING.
The practice, materials and fixtures utilized in the
	 installation, maintenance, extension and alteration of all piping, fixtures,
	 appliances and appurtenances within or adjacent to any structure, in connection
	 with sanitary drainage or storm drainage facilities; venting systems; and
	 public or private water supply systems.
PLUMBING APPLIANCE.
An energized household appliance with plumbing connections,
	 such as a dishwasher, food waste disposer, clothes washer or water
	 heater.
PLUMBING APPURTENANCE.
A device or assembly that is an adjunct to the basic
	 plumbing system and does not demand additional water supply or add any
	 discharge load to the system. It is presumed that it performs some useful
	 function in the operation, maintenance, servicing, economy or safety of the
	 plumbing system. Examples include filters, relief valves and
	 aerators.
PLUMBING FIXTURE.
A receptacle or device that is connected to a water supply
	 system or discharges to a drainage system or both. Such receptacles or devices
	 require a supply of water; or discharge liquid waste or liquidborne solid
	 waste; or require a supply of water and discharge waste to a drainage
	 system.
PLUMBING SYSTEMS.
Includes the water distribution pipes; plumbing fixtures and
	 traps; water-treating or water-using equipment; soil, waste and vent pipes; and
	 building drains; in addition to their respective connections, devices and
	 appurtenances within a structure or premises; and the water service, building
	 sewer and building storm sewer serving such structure or premises.
POINT OF DELIVERY (Chapter 24 -
	 Fuel gas).
For natural
	 gas systems, the point of delivery is the outlet of the service meter assembly
	 or the outlet of the service regulator or service shutoff valve where a meter
	 is not provided. Where a valve is provided at the outlet of the service meter
	 assembly, such valve shall be considered to be downstream of the point of
	 delivery. For undiluted liquefied petroleum gas systems, the point of delivery
	 shall be considered to be the outlet of the service pressure regulator,
	 exclusive of line gas regulators, in the system.
POLLUTION.
A low-hazard or nonhealth-hazard impairment of the quality
	 of the potable water to a degree that does not create a hazard to the public
	 health and that does adversely and unreasonably affect the aesthetic qualities
	 of such potable water for domestic use.
POLYPROPYLENE SIDING.
A shaped material, made principally from polypropylene
	 homopolymer, or copolymer, that in some cases contains fillers or
	 reinforcements, that is used to clad exterior walls or buildings.
PORTABLE-FUEL-CELL APPLIANCE.
A fuel cell generator of electricity that
	 is not fixed in place. A portable-fuel-cell appliance utilizes a cord and plug
	 connection to a grid-isolated load and has an integral fuel
	 supply.
POSITIVE ROOF DRAINAGE.
The drainage condition in which consideration has been made
	 for the loading deflections of the roof deck, and additional slope has been
	 provided to ensure drainage of the roof within 48 hours of
	 precipitation.
POTABLE WATER.
Water free from impurities present in amounts sufficient to
	 cause disease or harmful physiological effects and conforming in
	 bacteriological and chemical quality to the requirements of the public health
	 authority having jurisdiction.
PRECAST CONCRETE.
A structural concrete element cast elsewhere than its final
	 position in the structure.
PRECAST CONCRETE FOUNDATION WALLS.
Preengineered, precast concrete wall
	 panels that are designed to withstand specified stresses and used to build
	 below-grade foundations.
PRESSURE DROP (Chapter 24 - Fuel
	 gas).
The loss in
	 pressure due to friction or obstruction in pipes, valves, fittings, regulators
	 and burners.
PRESSURE-RELIEF VALVE.
A pressure-actuated valve held closed by a spring or other
	 means and designed to automatically relieve pressure at the pressure at which
	 it is set.
PRESSURE TEST (Chapter 24 - Fuel
	 gas).
An operation
	 performed to verify the gas-tight integrity of gas piping following its
	 installation or modification.
PROCESS EQUIPMENT.
Equipment, machinery and
	 devices specifically intended and used exclusively for purposes other than
	 building service equipment.
PROPOSED DESIGN.
A description of the proposed
	 building used to estimate annual energy use for determining compliance based on
	 total building performance.
PUBLIC SEWER.
A common sewer directly controlled by public
	 authority.
PUBLIC WATER MAIN.
A water-supply pipe for public use controlled by public
	 authority.
PUBLIC WAY.
Any street,
	 alley or other parcel of land open to the outside air leading to a public
	 street, that has been deeded, dedicated or otherwise permanently appropriated
	 to the public for public use and that has a clear width and height of not less
	 than 10 feet (3048 mm).
PURGE.
To clear of air, gas or
	 other foreign substances.
QUICK-CLOSING VALVE.
A valve or faucet that closes automatically where released
	 manually or controlled by mechanical means for fast-action
	 closing.
RAMP.
A walking surface that has
	 a running slope steeper than 1 unit vertical in 20 units horizontal (5-percent
	 slope).
RATED DESIGN.
A description of the proposed building used to determine the
	 energy rating index.
READILY ACCESSIBLE.
Capable of being reached quickly
	 for operation, renewal or inspection without requiring those to whom ready
	 access is requisite to climb over or remove obstacles or to resort to portable
	 ladders or access equipment (see "Accessible").
READY ACCESS (TO).
That which enables a device, appliance or equipment to be
	 directly reached, without requiring the removal or movement of any panel, door
	 or similar obstruction.
RECEPTOR.
A fixture or device that receives the discharge from
	 indirect waste pipes.
RECLAIMED WATER.
Nonpotable water that has been derived from the treatment of
	 wastewater by a facility or system licensed or permitted to produce water
	 meeting the jurisdiction's water requirements for its intended uses. Also known
	 as "Recycled water."
REFRIGERANT.
A substance used to produce refrigeration by its expansion
	 or evaporation.
REFRIGERANT COMPRESSOR.
A specific machine, with or without accessories, for
	 compressing a given refrigerant vapor.
REFRIGERATING SYSTEM.
A combination of interconnected parts forming a closed
	 circuit in which refrigerant is circulated for the purpose of extracting, then
	 rejecting, heat. A direct refrigerating system is one in which the evaporator
	 or condenser of the refrigerating system is in direct contact with the air or
	 other substances to be cooled or heated. An indirect refrigerating system is
	 one in which a secondary coolant cooled or heated by the refrigerating system
	 is circulated to the air or other substance to be cooled or
	 heated.
REGISTERED DESIGN PROFESSIONAL.
Any architect holding a
	 certificate issued under sections
	 4703.10 and
	 4703.36 of the Revised Code or
	 any engineer holding a certificate issued under section
	 4733.14 of the Revised
	 Code.
REGULATOR.
A device for controlling
	 and maintaining a uniform gas supply pressure, either pounds-to-inches water
	 column (MP regulator) or inches-to-inches water column (appliance
	 regulator).
REGULATOR, GAS APPLIANCE.
A pressure regulator
	 for controlling pressure to the manifold of the
	 gas appliance.
REGULATOR, LINE GAS PRESSURE.
A device placed in a gas
	 line between the service pressure regulator and the appliance for controlling,
	 maintaining or reducing the pressure in that portion of the piping system
	 downstream of the device.
REGULATOR, MEDIUM-PRESSURE (MP
	 Regulator).
A line
	 pressure regulator that reduces gas pressure from the range of greater than 0.5
	 psig ( 3.4 kPa) and less than or equal to 5 psig ( 34.5 kPa) to a lower
	 pressure.
REGULATOR, PRESSURE.
A device placed in a gas
	 line for reducing, controlling and maintaining the pressure in that portion of
	 the piping system downstream of the device.
REGULATOR, SERVICE PRESSURE.
For natural gas systems,
	 a device installed by the serving gas supplier to reduce and limit the service
	 line pressure to delivery pressure. For undiluted liquefied petroleum gas
	 systems, the regulator located upstream from all line gas pressure regulators,
	 where installed, and downstream from any first stage or a high pressure
	 regulator in the system.
RELIEF OPENING.
The opening provided in a
	 draft hood to permit the ready escape to the atmosphere of the flue products
	 from the draft hood in the event of no draft, backdraft or stoppage beyond the
	 draft hood, and to permit air into the draft hood in the event of a strong
	 chimney updraft.
RELIEF VALVE (DEVICE).
A safety valve designed
	 to forestall the development of a dangerous condition by relieving either
	 pressure, temperature or vacuum in the hot water supply
	 system.
RELIEF VALVE, PRESSURE.
An automatic valve that
	 opens and closes a relief vent, depending on whether the pressure is above or
	 below a predetermined value.
RELIEF VALVE,
	 TEMPERATURE.
Manual reset type.
A valve that
	 automatically opens a relief vent at a predetermined temperature and that must
	 be manually returned to the closed position.
Reseating or self-closing type.
An automatic valve that
	 opens and closes a relief vent, depending on whether the temperature is above
	 or below a predetermined value.
RELIEF VALVE, VACUUM.
A device to prevent excessive buildup of vacuum in a
	 pressure vessel.
REPAIR.
The reconstruction, replacement or renewal of any part of an
	 existing building for the purpose of its maintenance or to correct
	 damage.
REPAIR, MINOR.
The reconstruction or
	 renewal of any part of an existing building for the purpose of its maintenance
	 when the work has limited impact on access, safety or health. Minor repairs do
	 not include the cutting away of any wall, partition or portions of walls, the
	 removal or cutting of any structural beam or load bearing support, or the
	 removal or change of any required element of accessibility, means of egress, or
	 rearrangement of parts of a structure affecting the egress requirements. Minor
	 repairs do not include addition to, alteration of, replacement or relocation of
	 any standpipe, water supply, sewer, drainage, drain leader, gas, soil, waste,
	 vent or similar piping, electric wiring or mechanical or other work affecting
	 public health or general safety.
REROOFING.
The process of recovering or replacing an existing roof
	 covering. See "Roof recover."
RESIDENTIAL BUILDING.
A one-family, two-family, or
	 three-family dwelling house, and any accessory structure incidental to that
	 dwelling house. "Residential building" includes a one-family, two-family, or
	 three-family dwelling house that is used as a model to promote the sale of a
	 similar dwelling house. "Residential building" does not include an
	 industrialized unit as defined by division (C)(3) of Section
	 3781.06 of the Revised Code, a
	 manufactured home as defined by division (C)(4) of Section
	 3781.06 of the Revised Code, or
	 a mobile home as defined by division (O) of Section
	 4501.01 of the Revised
	 Code.
RESIDENTIAL BUILDING OFFICIAL.
An individual who has
	 received and maintains a certification of "Residential Building Official" in
	 accordance with rules of the board of building standards.
RETURN AIR.
Air removed
	 from an approved conditioned space or location and recirculated or
	 exhausted.
RIDGE.
With respect to topographic wind effects, an elongated crest
	 of a hill characterized by strong relief in two directions.
RISER, GAS.
A vertical pipe supplying
	 fuel gas.
RISER (PLUMBING).
A water pipe that extends vertically one full story or more
	 to convey water to branches or to a group of fixtures.
RISER (STAIR).
The vertical component of a step or stair.
ROOF ASSEMBLY.
A system designed to provide weather protection and
	 resistance to design loads. The system consists of a roof covering and roof
	 deck or a single component serving as both the roof covering and the roof deck.
	 A roof assembly includes the roof deck, underlayment and roof covering, and can
	 also include a thermal barrier, ignition barrier, insulation or a vapor
	 retarder.
ROOF COATING.
A fluid-applied, adhered coating used for roof maintenance
	 or roof repair, or as a component of a roof covering system or roof
	 assembly.
ROOF COVERING.
The covering applied to the roof deck for weather
	 resistance, fire classification or appearance.
ROOF COVERING SYSTEM.
See "Roof assembly."
ROOF DECK.
The flat or sloped surface not including its supporting
	 members or vertical supports.
ROOF RECOVER.
The process of installing an additional roof covering over a
	 prepared existing roof covering without removing the existing roof
	 covering.
ROOF REPAIR.
Reconstruction or renewal of any part of an existing roof
	 for the purposes of its maintenance.
ROOF REPLACEMENT.
The process of removing the existing roof covering,
	 repairing any damaged substrate and installing a new roof
	 covering.
ROOM HEATER.
A free-standing heating appliance installed in the space
	 being heated and not connected to ducts.
ROOM HEATER, UNVENTED.
See "Unvented room
	 heater."
ROOM HEATER, VENTED.
See "Vented room
	 heater."
ROUGH-IN.
The installation of the parts of the plumbing system that
	 must be completed prior to the installation of fixtures. This includes DWV,
	 water supply and built-in fixture supports.
RUNNING BOND.
The placement of masonry units such that head joints in
	 successive courses are horizontally offset not less than one-quarter the unit
	 length.
R-VALUE (THERMAL RESISTANCE).
The inverse of the time rate of
	 heat flow through a body from one of its bounding surfaces to the other surface
	 for a unit temperature difference between the two surfaces, under steady state
	 conditions, per unit area (h " ft2" °F/Btu)
	 [(m2" K)/W].
SAFE.
As applied to a building,
	 means free from danger or hazard to the life, safety, health or welfare of
	 persons occupying or frequenting it, or of the public, and from danger of
	 settlement, movement, disintegration, or collapse, whether such danger arises
	 from the method or materials of its construction or from equipment installed
	 therein, for the purpose of lighting, heating, the transmission or utilization
	 of electric current, or from its location or otherwise.
SAFETY SHUTOFF DEVICE.
See "Flame
	 safeguard."
SANITARY.
As applied to a building,
	 means free from danger or hazard to the health of persons occupying or
	 frequenting it or to that of the public, if such danger arises from the method
	 or materials of its construction or from any equipment installed therein for
	 the purpose of lighting, heating, ventilating, or
	 plumbing.
SANITARY SEWER.
A sewer that carries sewage and excludes storm, surface and
	 groundwater.
SCUPPER.
An opening in a wall or parapet that allows water to drain
	 from a roof.
SEISMIC DESIGN CATEGORY (SDC).
A classification assigned to a structure
	 based on its occupancy category and the severity of the design earthquake
	 ground motion at the site.
SEPTIC TANK.
A water-tight receptor that receives the discharge of a
	 building sanitary drainage system and is constructed so as to separate solids
	 from the liquid, digest organic matter through a period of detention, and allow
	 the liquids to discharge into the soil outside of the tank through a system of
	 open joint or perforated piping or a seepage pit.
SERIOUS HAZARD.
A hazard of considerable
	 consequence to safety or health through the design, location, construction, or
	 equipment of a building, or the condition thereof, which hazard has been
	 established through experience to be of certain or probable consequence, or
	 which can be determined to be, or which is obviously such a
	 hazard.
SERVICE WATER HEATING.
Supply of hot water for purposes
	 other than comfort heating.
SEWAGE.
Any liquid waste containing animal matter, vegetable matter
	 or other impurity in suspension or solution.
SEWAGE PUMP.
A permanently installed mechanical device for removing
	 sewage or liquid waste from a sump.
SHAFT.
An enclosed space
	 extending through one or more stories of a building, connecting vertical
	 openings in successive floors, or floors and the roof.
SHALL.
The term, where used in the code, is construed as
	 mandatory.
SHEAR WALL.
A general
	 term for walls that are designed and constructed to resist racking from seismic
	 and wind by use of masonry, concrete, cold-formed steel or wood framing in
	 accordance with Chapter 6 of this code and the
applicable
limitations in Section 301.2 of this code.
SHINGLE FASHION.
A method of installing roof or wall coverings,
	 water-resistive barriers, flashing or other building components such that upper
	 layers of material are placed overlapping lower layers of material to provide
	 drainage and protect against water intrusion at unsealed penetrations and
	 joints or in combination with sealed joints.
SINGLE-PLY MEMBRANE.
A roofing membrane that is field applied using one layer of
	 membrane material (either homogeneous or composite) rather than multiple
	 layers.
SINGLE-STATION SMOKE ALARM.
An assembly incorporating the detector,
	 control equipment and alarm sounding device in one unit that is operated from a
	 power supply either in the unit or obtained at the point of
	 installation.
SITE-BUILT FENESTRATION PRODUCT.
See FENESTRATION,
	 Site-Built Fenestration Product.
SKYLIGHT.
See FENESTRATION, Skylights
.
SKYLIGHT, UNIT.
See FENESTRATION, Unit Skylight.
SKYLIGHTS AND SLOPED GLAZING.
See FENESTRATION, Skylights and
	 Sloped Glazing
.
SLIP JOINT.
A
	 mechanical-type joint used primarily on fixture traps. The joint tightness is
	 obtained by compressing a friction-type washer such as rubber, nylon, neoprene,
	 lead or special packing material against the pipe by the tightening of a (slip)
	 nut.
SLOPE.
The fall (pitch) of a line of pipe in reference to a
	 horizontal plane. In drainage, the slope is expressed as the fall in units
	 vertical per units horizontal (percent) for a length of pipe.
SMOKE-DEVELOPED INDEX.
A comparative measure, expressed as a dimensionless number,
	 derived from measurements of smoke obscuration versus time for a material
	 tested in accordance with ASTM E84 or UL 723.
SPECIFIC GRAVITY (Chapter 24 -
	 Fuel gas).
As applied to
	 gas, specific gravity is the ratio of the weight of a given volume to that of
	 the same volume of air, both measured under the same
	 condition.
SOIL STACK OR PIPE.
A pipe that conveys sewage containing fecal
	 material.
SOLAR ENERGY SYSTEM.
A system that converts solar radiation to usable energy,
	 including photovoltaic panel systems and solar thermal systems.
SOLAR HEAT GAIN COEFFICIENT (SHGC).
The ratio of the solar heat gain
	 entering the space through the fenestration assembly to the incident solar
	 radiation. Solar heat gain includes directly transmitted solar heat and
	 absorbed solar radiation that is then reradiated, conducted or convected into
	 the space.
SOLAR THERMAL COLLECTOR.
Components in a solar thermal system that
	 collect and convert solar radiation to thermal energy.
SOLAR THERMAL SYSTEM.
A system that converts solar radiation to thermal energy for
	 use in heating or cooling.
SOLID MASONRY.
Load-bearing or nonload-bearing construction using masonry
	 units where the net cross-sectional area of each unit in any plane parallel to
	 the bearing surface is not less than 75 percent of its gross cross-sectional
	 area. Solid masonry units shall conform to ASTM C55, C62, C73, C145 or
	 C216.
SPLINE.
A strip of wood structural panel cut from the same material
	 used for the panel facings, used to connect two structural insulated panels.
	 The strip (spline) fits into a groove cut into the vertical edges of the two
	 structural insulated panels to be joined. Splines are used behind each facing
	 of the structural insulated panels being connected as shown in Figure
	 610.8.
STACK.
Any main vertical DWV line, including offsets, that extends
	 one or more stories as directly as possible to its vent terminal.
STACK BOND.
The
	 placement of masonry units in a bond pattern is such that head joints in
	 successive courses are vertically aligned. For the purpose of this code,
	 requirements for stack bond shall apply to all masonry laid in other than
	 running bond.
STACK VENT.
The
	 extension of soil or waste stack above the highest horizontal drain
	 connected.
STAIR.
A change in elevation, consisting of one or more
	 risers.
STAIRWAY.
One or more flights of stairs, either interior or exterior,
	 with the necessary landings and connecting platforms to form a continuous and
	 uninterrupted passage from one level to another within or attached to a
	 building, porch or deck.
STAIRWAY, SPIRAL.
A stairway with a plan view of closed circular form and
	 uniform section-shaped treads radiating from a minimum-diameter
	 circle.
STANDARD REFERENCE DESIGN.
A version of the proposed design
	 that meets the minimum requirements of this code and is used to determine the
	 maximum annual energy use requirement for compliance based on total building
	 performance.
STANDARD TRUSS.
Any construction that does not permit the roof-ceiling
	 insulation to achieve the required R-value over the exterior
	 walls.
STATIONARY FUEL CELL POWER PLANT.
A self-contained package or
	 factory-matched packages that constitute an automatically-operated assembly of
	 integrated systems for generating useful electrical energy and recoverable
	 thermal energy that is permanently connected and fixed in place.
STORM SEWER, DRAIN.
A pipe used for conveying rainwater, surface water,
	 subsurface water and similar liquid waste.
STORY.
That portion of a building included between the upper
	 surface of a floor and the upper surface of the floor or roof next
	 above.
STORY ABOVE GRADE PLANE.
Any story having its finished floor
	 surface entirely above grade plane, or in which the finished surface of the
	 floor next above is either of the following:
1. More than 6 feet (1829 mm) above grade
	 plane.
2. More than 12 feet (3658 mm) above the
	 finished ground level at any point.
STRUCTURAL COMPOSITE LUMBER.
Structural members manufactured using wood
	 elements bonded together with exterior adhesives.
Examples of structural composite lumber
	 are:
Laminated strand lumber (LSL).
A composite of wood strand elements with
	 wood fibers primarily oriented along the length of the member, where the least
	 dimension of the wood strand elements is 0.10 inch ( 2.54 mm) or less and their
	 average lengths are not less than 150 times the least dimension of the wood
	 strand elements.
Laminated veneer lumber (LVL).
A composite of wood veneer elements with
	 wood fibers primarily oriented along the length of the member, where the veneer
	 element thicknesses are 0.25 inch ( 6.4 mm) or less.
Oriented strand lumber (OSL).
A composite of wood strand elements with
	 wood fibers primarily oriented along the length of the member, where the least
	 dimension of the wood strand elements is 0.10 inch ( 2.54 mm) or less and their
	 average lengths are not less than 75 times and less than 150 times the least
	 dimension of the wood strand elements.
Parallel strand lumber (PSL).
A composite of wood strand elements with
	 wood fibers primarily oriented along the length of the member, where the least
	 dimension of the wood strand elements is 0.25 inch ( 6.4 mm) or less and their
	 average lengths are not less than 300 times the least dimension of the wood
	 strand elements.
STRUCTURAL INSULATED PANEL (SIP).
A structural sandwich panel that consists
	 of a lightweight foam plastic core securely laminated between two thin, rigid
	 wood structural panel facings.
STRUCTURE.
That which is built or constructed.
SUBSOIL DRAIN.
A drain that collects subsurface water or seepage water and
	 conveys such water to a place of disposal.
SUMP.
A tank or pit that receives sewage or waste, located below
	 the normal grade of the gravity system and that must be emptied by mechanical
	 means.
SUMP PUMP.
A pump installed to empty a sump. These pumps are used for
	 removing storm water only. The pump is selected for the specific head and
	 volume of the load and is usually operated by level controllers.
SUNROOM.
A one-story structure attached to a dwelling with a glazing
	 area in excess of 40 percent of the gross area of the structure's exterior
	 walls and roof.
SUPPLY AIR.
Air
	 delivered to a conditioned space through ducts or plenums from the heat
	 exchanger of a heating, cooling or ventilating system.
SUPPORTS.
Devices for supporting, hanging and securing pipes, fixtures
	 and equipment.
SWEEP.
A drainage fitting designed to provide a change in direction
	 of a drain pipe of less than the angle specified by the amount necessary to
	 establish the desired slope of the line. Sweeps provide a longer turning radius
	 than bends and a less turbulent flow pattern (see "Bend" and
	 "Elbow").
TEMPERATURE- AND PRESSURE-RELIEF (T AND
	 P) VALVE.
A combination relief valve
	 designed to function as both a temperature-relief and pressure-relief
	 valve.
TEMPERATURE-RELIEF VALVE.
A temperature-actuated valve designed to
	 discharge automatically at the temperature at which it is set.
TERMITE-RESISTANT MATERIAL.
Pressure-preservative-treated wood in
	 accordance with the AWPA standards in Section 317.1, naturally durable
	 termite-resistant wood, steel, concrete, masonry or other approved
	 material.
THERMAL ISOLATION.
P
hysical and space conditioning separation from
	 conditioned spaces. The conditioned spaces shall be controlled as separate
	 zones for heating and cooling or conditioned by separate
	 equipment.
THERMAL RESISTANCE, R-VALUE.
See "R-value."
THERMAL TRANSMITTANCE, U-FACTOR.
See "U-factor."
THERMOSTAT.
An automatic control device used to maintain temperature at
	 a fixed or adjustable set point.
Electric switch type.
A device that senses
	 changes in temperature and controls electrically, by means of separate
	 components, the flow of gas to the burner(s) to maintain selected
	 temperatures.
THIRD-PARTY CERTIFICATION AGENCY.
Deleted.
THIRD-PARTY CERTIFIED.
Deleted.
TOILET, GAS-FIRED.
A packaged and completely
	 assembled appliance containing a toilet that incinerates refuse instead of
	 flushing it away with water.
TOWNHOUSE.
Deleted.
TRANSITION FITTINGS, PLASTIC TO
	 STEEL.
An adapter for
	 joining plastic pipe to steel pipe. The purpose of this fitting is to provide a
	 permanent, pressure-tight connection between two materials that cannot be
	 joined directly one to another.
TRAP.
A fitting, either separate or built into a fixture, that
	 provides a liquid seal to prevent the emission of sewer gases without
	 materially affecting the flow of sewage or wastewater through it.
TRAP ARM.
That portion of a fixture drain between a trap weir and the
	 vent fitting.
TRAP PRIMER.
A device or system of piping to maintain a water seal in a
	 trap, typically installed where infrequent use of the trap would result in
	 evaporation of the trap seal, such as floor drains.
TRAP SEAL.
The trap seal is the maximum vertical depth of liquid that a
	 trap will retain, measured between the crown weir and the top of the dip of the
	 trap.
TRIM.
Picture molds, chair rails, baseboards, handrails, door and
	 window frames, and similar decorative or protective materials used in fixed
	 applications.
TRUSS DESIGN DRAWING.
The graphic depiction of an individual truss, that describes
	 the design and physical characteristics of the truss.
TUBULAR DAYLIGHTING DEVICE (TDD).
A nonoperable fenestration unit primarily
	 designed to transmit daylight from a roof surface to an interior ceiling via a
	 tubular conduit. The basic unit consists of an exterior glazed weathering
	 surface, a light-transmitting tube with a reflective interior surface, and an
	 interior-sealing device such as a translucent ceiling panel. The unit may be
	 factory assembled, or field assembled from a manufactured kit.
TYPE L VENT.
A listed and labeled vent conforming to UL 641 for venting
	 oil-burning appliances listed for use with Type L vents or with gas appliances
	 listed for use with Type B vents.
U-FACTOR (THERMAL TRANSMITTANCE).
The coefficient of heat
	 transmission (air to air) through a building component or assembly, equal to
	 the time rate of heat flow per unit area and unit temperature difference
	 between the warm side and cold side air films (Btu/h *
	 ft2* °F) [W/(m2*
	 K)].
UNDERLAYMENT.
One or more layers of felt, sheathing paper, nonbituminous
	 saturated felt, or other approved material over which a roof covering, with a
	 slope of 2 to 12 (17-percent slope) or greater, is applied.
UNIT HEATER.
A self-contained,
	 automatically controlled, vented, fuel-gas-burning, space-heating appliance,
	 intended for installation in the space to be heated without the use of ducts,
	 and having integral means for circulation of air.
UNVENTED ROOM HEATER.
An unvented heating
	 appliance designed for stationary installation and utilized to provide comfort
	 heating. Such appliances provide radiant heat or convection heat by gravity or
	 fan circulation directly from the heater and do not utilize
	 ducts.
VACUUM BREAKER.
A device that prevents back-siphonage of water by admitting
	 atmospheric pressure through ports to the discharge side of the
	 device.
VALVE (Chapter 24 - Fuel gas).
A device used in piping
	 to control the gas supply to any section of a system of piping or to an
	 appliance.
Appliance shutoff.
A valve located in the
	 piping system, used to isolate individual appliances for purposes such as
	 service or replacement.
Automatic.
An automatic or
	 semiautomatic device consisting essentially of a valve and an operator that
	 control the gas supply to the burner(s) during operation of an appliance. The
	 operator shall be actuated by application of gas pressure on a flexible
	 diaphragm, by electrical means, by mechanical means or by other approved
	 means.
Automatic gas shutoff.
A valve used in
	 conjunction with an automatic gas shutoff device to shut off the gas supply to
	 a water-heating system. It shall be constructed integrally with the gas shutoff
	 device or shall be a separate assembly.
Individual main burner.
A valve that controls the
	 gas supply to an individual main burner.
Main burner control.
A valve that controls the
	 gas supply to the main burner manifold.
Manual main gas-control.
A manually operated valve
	 in the gas line for the purpose of completely turning on or shutting off the
	 gas supply to the appliance, except to pilot or pilots that are provided with
	 independent shutoff.
Manual reset.
An automatic shutoff
	 valve installed in the gas supply piping and set to shut off when unsafe
	 conditions occur. The device remains closed until manually
	 reopened.
Service shutoff.
A valve, installed by the
	 serving gas sup- plier between the service meter or source of supply and the
	 customer piping system, to shut off the entire piping
	 system.
VAPOR DIFFUSION PORT.
A passageway for conveying water vapor from an unvented
	 attic to the outside atmosphere.
VAPOR PERMEABLE.
The property of having a moisture vapor permeance rating of
	 5 perms ( 2.9 × 10-10kg/Pa × s ×
	 m2) or greater, where tested in accordance with the
	 desiccant method using Procedure A of ASTM E96. A vapor permeable material
	 permits the passage of moisture vapor.
VAPOR RETARDER CLASS.
A measure of the ability of a material or assembly to limit
	 the amount of moisture that passes through that material or assembly. Vapor
	 retarder class shall be defined using the desiccant method with Procedure A of
	 ASTM E96 as follows:
Class I
: <= 0.1 perm rating
Class II
: > 0.1 to <= 1.0 perm rating
Class III
: > 1.0 to <= 10 perm rating
VENT.
A pipe or other conduit composed of factory-made components,
	 containing a passageway for conveying combustion products and air to the
	 atmosphere, listed and labeled for use with a specific type or class of
	 appliance.
Special gas vent.
A vent
	 listed and labeled for use with listed Category II, III and IV gas
	 appliances.
Type B vent.
A vent listed and labeled
	 for use with appliances with draft hoods and other Category I appliances that
	 are listed for use with Type B vents.
Type BW vent.
A vent listed and labeled
	 for use with wall furnaces.
Type L vent.
A vent
	 listed and labeled for use with appliances that are listed for use with Type L
	 or Type B vents.
VENT COLLAR.
See "Flue collar."
VENT CONNECTOR.
That portion of a venting system that connects the flue
	 collar or draft hood of an appliance to a vent.
VENT DAMPER DEVICE, AUTOMATIC.
A device intended for installation in the
	 venting system, in the outlet of an individual, automatically operated fuel
	 burning appliance and that is designed to open the venting system automatically
	 where the appliance is in operation and to close off the venting system
	 automatically where the appliance is in a standby or shutdown
	 condition.
VENT GASES.
Products of
	 combustion from fuel-burning appliances, plus excess air and dilution air, in
	 the venting system above the draft hood or draft regulator.
VENT PIPING (Chapter 24 - Fuel
	 gas).
Breather.
Piping run from a
	 pressure-regulating device to the outdoors, designed to provide a reference to
	 atmospheric pressure. If the device incorporates an integral pressure relief
	 mechanism, a breather vent can also serve as a relief
	 vent.
Relief.
Piping run from a
	 pressure-regulating or pressure- limiting device to the outdoors, designed to
	 provide for the safe venting of gas in the event of excessive pressure in the
	 gas piping system.
VENT STACK.
A vertical
	 vent pipe installed to provide circulation of air to and from the drainage
	 system and that extends through one or more stories.
VENT SYSTEM.
Piping installed to equalize pneumatic pressure in a
	 drainage system to prevent trap seal loss or blowback due to siphonage or back
	 pressure.
VENTED APPLIANCE CATEGORIES.
Appliances that are
	 categorized for the purpose of vent selection are classified into the following
	 four categories:
Category I.
An appliance that
	 operates with a non-positive vent static pressure and with a vent gas
	 temperature that avoids excessive condensate production in the
	 vent.
Category II.
An appliance that
	 operates with a non-positive vent static pressure and with a vent gas
	 temperature that is capable of causing excessive condensate production in the
	 vent.
Category III.
An appliance that
	 operates with a positive vent static pressure and with a vent gas temperature
	 that avoids excessive condensate production in the vent.
Category IV.
An appliance that
	 operates with a positive vent static pressure and with a vent gas temperature
	 that is capable of causing excessive condensate production in the
	 vent.
VENTED ROOM HEATER.
A vented self-contained,
	 free- standing, non-recessed appliance for furnishing warm air to the space in
	 which it is installed, directly from the heater without duct
	 connections.
VENTED WALL FURNACE.
A self-contained vented
	 appliance complete with grilles or equivalent, designed for incorporation in or
	 permanent attachment to the structure of a building, mobile home or travel
	 trailer, and furnishing heated air circulated by gravity or by a fan directly
	 into the space to be heated through openings in the casing. This definition
	 shall exclude floor furnaces, unit heaters and central furnaces as herein
	 defined.
VENTILATION.
The natural or mechanical process of supplying conditioned
	 or unconditioned air to, or removing such air from, any space.
VENTILATION AIR.
That portion of supply air that
	 comes from outside (outdoors) plus any recirculated air that has been treated
	 to maintain the desired quality of air within a designated
	 space.
VENTING.
Removal of combustion products to the outdoors.
VENTING SYSTEM.
A continuous open passageway from the flue collar
or
	 draft hood
of an appliance to the outside atmosphere for the purpose
	 of removing flue or vent gases. A venting system is usually composed of a vent
	 or a chimney and vent connector, if used, assembled to form the open
	 passageway.
VERTICAL FENESTRATION.
See FENESTRATION,
	 vertical.
VERTICAL PIPE.
Any pipe or fitting that makes an angle of 45 degrees ( 0.79
	 rad) or more with the horizontal.
VINYL SIDING.
A shaped material, made principally from rigid polyvinyl
	 chloride (PVC), that is used to cover exterior walls of buildings.
VISIBLE TRANSMITTANCE (VT).
The ratio of visible light
	 entering the space through the fenestration product assembly to the incident
	 visible light, Visible Transmittance, includes the effects of glazing material
	 and frame and is expressed as a number between 0 and 1.
WALL HEATER, UNVENTED TYPE.
A room heater of the type
	 designed for insertion in or attachment to a wall or partition. Such heater
	 does not incorporate concealed venting arrangements in its construction and
	 discharges all products of combustion through the front into the room being
	 heated.
WALL, RETAINING.
A wall not laterally supported at the top, that resists
	 lateral soil load and other imposed loads.
WALLS.
Walls shall be defined as follows:
Load-bearing wall.
A wall supporting any vertical load in addition to its own
	 weight.
Nonbearing wall.
A wall which does not support vertical loads other than its
	 own weight.
WASTE.
Liquidborne waste that is free of fecal matter.
WASTE PIPE OR STACK.
Piping that conveys only liquid sewage not containing fecal
	 material.
WASTE RECEPTOR.
A floor sink, standpipe, hub drain or a floor drain that
	 receives the discharge of one or more indirect waste pipes.
WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM.
Piping that conveys water from the service
	 to the plumbing fixtures, appliances, appurtenances, equipment, devices or
	 other systems served, including fittings and control valves.
WATER HEATER.
Any heating appliance or equipment that heats potable water
	 and supplies such water to the potable hot water distribution
	 system.
WATER MAIN.
A water
	 supply pipe for public use.
WATER OUTLET.
A valved discharge opening, including a hose bibb, through
	 which water is removed from the potable water system supplying water to a
	 plumbing fixture or plumbing appliance that requires either an air gap or
	 backflow prevention device for protection of the supply system.
WATER-RESISTIVE BARRIER.
A material behind an exterior wall
	 covering that is intended to resist liquid water that has penetrated behind the
	 exterior covering from further intruding into the exterior wall
	 assembly.
WATER SERVICE PIPE.
The outside pipe from the water main or other source of
	 potable water supply to the water distribution system inside the building,
	 terminating at the service valve.
WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM.
The water service pipe, the water-distributing pipes and the
	 necessary connecting pipes, fittings, control valves and appurtenances in or
	 adjacent to the building or premises.
WET VENT.
A vent that receives the discharge of wastes from other
	 fixtures.
WHOLE-HOUSE MECHANICAL VENTILATION
	 SYSTEM.
An exhaust system, supply system,
	 or combination thereof that is designed to mechanically exchange indoor air for
	 outdoor air where operating continuously or through a programmed intermittent
	 schedule to satisfy the whole-house ventilation rate.
WINDBORNE DEBRIS REGION.
Deleted.
WINDER.
A tread with nonparallel edges.
WOOD STRUCTURAL PANEL.
A panel manufactured from veneers; or wood strands or
	 wafers; bonded together with waterproof synthetic resins or other suitable
	 bonding systems. Examples of wood structural panels are plywood, orientated
	 strand board (OSB) or composite panels.
YARD.
An open space, other than a court, unobstructed from the
	 ground to the sky, except where specifically provided by this code, on the lot
	 on which a building is situated.
ZONE.
A space or group of spaces within a building with heating or
	 cooling requirements that are sufficiently similar so that desired conditions
	 can be maintained throughout using a single controlling
	 device.
Replaces: 4101:8-2-01