Oklahoma Administrative Code › Title 60 - Archives and Records Commission › Chapter 15 - Administration of Uniform Real Property Electronic Recording Act › Subchapter 1 - General Provisions › Section 60:15-1-3 - Glossary of Terms

Current through Vol. 41, No. 20, July 1, 2024
The following words, terms, phrases, acronyms, and
				  abbreviations are defined in other Oklahoma Statutes and are included here for
				  use in connection with the Act or these rules, or are words, terms, phrases,
				  acronyms, or abbreviations that may require further explanation to assist in
				  the understanding of the Act and these rules.
(1)
ACH:
Automated Clearing
				House
(2)
Agreement:
means the bargain of the parties in fact, as found in their language or
				inferred from other circumstances and from rules, regulations, and procedures
				given the effect of agreements under laws otherwise applicable to a particular
				transaction.
(3)
ANSI:
American National Standards Institute
(4)
Asymmetric encryption:
A
				method of encryption that uses two keys, a public key and a private key.
				Together, the keys constitute a key pair. Although the keys are mathematically
				related, it is not possible to deduce one from the other. The public key is
				published in a public repository and can be freely distributed. The private key
				remains secret, known only to the key holder.
(5)
Authentication:
The act of
				tying an action or result to the person claiming to have performed the action.
				Authentication generally requires a password or encryption key to perform, and
				the process will fail if the password or key is incorrect.
(6)
Automated transaction:
means
				a transaction conducted or performed, in whole or in part, by electronic means
				or electronic records, in which the acts or records of one or both parties are
				not reviewed by an individual in the ordinary course in forming a contract,
				performing under an existing contract, or fulfilling an obligation required by
				the transaction.
(7)
Computer
				program:
means a set of statements or instructions to be used directly
				or indirectly in an information processing system in order to bring about a
				certain result.
(8)
Digitized
				signature or digital signature:
A representation of a handwritten
				signature, existing as a computerized image file. Digitized signatures are one
				of several types of electronic signatures, and have no relation to digital
				signatures.
(9)
DTD: Document
				Type Definition:
A document created using the Standard Generalized
				Markup Language (SGML) that defines a unique markup language such as XHTML or
				XML. A DTD includes a list of tags, attributes, and rules of usage.
(10)
Electronic commerce:
Also
				known as e-Commerce, refers to trade that occurs electronically, usually over
				the Internet. Electronic commerce often involves sharing information, buying or
				selling products, or extending both new and traditional services to customers
				via electronic means. Electronic commerce allows business to take advantage of
				e-mail, the Web, and other online innovations to improve the business process
				and offer consumers more ways to access products, faster information transfer
				and decreasing costs.
(11)
Electronic record:
A record created, generated, sent,
				communicated, received or stored by electronic means.
(12)
Electronic notary:
A notary
				public who provides electronic notarial acts pursuant to the provisions of
				section
				86.3
				of Title 16 of the Oklahoma Statutes.
(13)
Encrypt:
To apply an
				encryption key to a message in order to make it unreadable without a
				description key in an effort to prevent unintended use of the
				information.
(14)
E-SIGN:
Electronic Signatures in Global & National Commerce (
				15 U.S.C. Sections
				7001 -
				7006 ).
(15)
FTP:
File Transfer
				Protocol
(16)
Hash
				function:
A mathematical algorithm that takes an electronic document and
				creates a document fingerprint. The document fingerprint is much smaller than
				the original document, and does not allow the reconstitution of the original
				document from the fingerprint. A slightly different document, processed through
				the same hash function, would produce a very different document fingerprint. A
				hash function helps to secure data by providing a way to ensure that data is
				not tampered with.
(17)
HTML:
HyperText Markup Language
(18)
HTTP:
HyperText Transfer
				Protocol
(19)
HTTPS:
HyperTextTransfer Protocol Secure
(20)
Information:
means data,
				text, images, sounds, codes, computer programs, software, databases, or the
				like.
(21)
ISO:
International Standards Organization
(22)
Key pair:
A set of keys,
				including a private key and a public key, used in asymmetric encryption.
				Sometimes a key pair will be reserved for specific uses, such as creating
				digital signatures.
(23)
Metadata:
Commonly described as "data about data." Metadata is
				used to locate and manage information resources by classifying those resources
				and by capturing information not inherent in the resource.
(24)
Nonrepudiation:
Effectively
				implementing a process in such a way that the creator of a digital signature
				cannot deny having created it. Nonrepudiation involves supplying enough
				evidence about the identity of the signer and the integrity of a message so
				that the origin, submission, delivery, and integrity of the message cannot be
				denied. Protecting the private key of a user is also a critical factor in
				ensuring nonrepudiation. The entire Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) industry
				exists to create and ensure the trust necessary for nonrepudiation.
(25)
Notary public:
"Notary
				public" and "notary" mean any individual appointed and commissioned by the
				Oklahoma Secretary of State pursuant to the provisions of section
				1 of Title
				49 of the Oklahoma Statutes who performs notarial acts pursuant to the
				provisions of the Uniform Law on Notarial Acts, as adopted in Oklahoma set out
				in Sections
				111
				through
				121
				of Title 49 of the Oklahoma Statutes.
(26)
OAIS:
Open Archival
				Information Systems
(27)
PDF:
				Portable Document Format.
A file format created by Adobe Systems, Inc.
				that uses the PostScript printer description language to create documents. PDF
				files capture the appearance of the original document, can store both text and
				images, are difficult to modify, and can be rendered with free cross-platform
				viewer software.
(28)
Portal:
A Web site considered an entry point to other Web sites,
				often by being or providing access to a search engine, useful content, or by
				functioning as a gateway to other Web locations or both. Portals are usually
				provided free of charge, in the hope that users will use the site.
(29)
Private Key:
A large,
				randomly generated prime number used in asymmetric encryption. The private key
				is used to encrypt a document fingerprint which is the result of processing an
				electronic document through a hash function in order to create a digital
				signature. A private key is generated by its holder at the same time a related
				public key is created. While the public half of a key pair is made available to
				anyone, the private key is only known by its owner, who must keep it
				confidential to maintain its integrity.
(30)
Proprietary:
Indicates that
				software or other employed technology is owned or controlled exclusively by the
				vendor. These software solutions are not generally transferable to other
				systems without payment of license fees.
(31)
Public Key:
A large,
				randomly generated prime number used to decrypt an electronic document that has
				been encrypted with a private key. A public key is generated by its holder at
				the same time a related private key is created. Within the Public Key
				Infrastructure (PKI), public keys are used to verify digital signatures. Public
				keys are contained in digital certificates, published and otherwise distributed
				by the issuing certificate authority (CA).
(32)
PKI: Public Key
				Infrastructure.
The framework of different entities working together to
				create trust in electronic transactions. The PKI industry facilitates signed
				transactions by using asymmetric encryption to ensure security and verifiable
				authenticity. The PKI includes all parties, policies, agreements, and
				technologies applicable to a transaction. This infrastructure allows all
				concerned parties to trust electronic transactions created within the standards
				set by the PKI industry.
(33)
Schema:
A method for specifying the structure and content of
				specific types of electronic documents which use XML.
(34)
Security procedure:
means a
				procedure employed for the purpose of verifying that an electronic signature,
				record, or performance is that of a specific person or for detecting changes or
				errors in the information in an electronic record. The term "security
				procedure" includes a procedure that requires the use of algorithms or other
				codes, identifying words or numbers, encryption, or callback or other
				acknowledgment procedures.
(35)
SSL: Secure Socket Layer.
A security technology that uses both
				asymmetric and symmetric cryptography to protect data transmitted over the
				Internet.
(36)
Signature
				Authentication:
The process by which a digital signature is used to
				confirm the identity of a signer and the validity of the document.
(37)
Signed Digital Document:
An
				electronic document that includes an embedded digital signature. The digital
				signature contains an encrypted document fingerprint, which allows anyone
				receiving the document to verify its validity using the process of signature
				authentication.
(38)
Submitting Party:
The entity that originates an electronic
				document. This is usually a bank, title company, attorney, or anyone that
				either inputs data into a specific template or associates an image or both, and
				wishes to send the documentation for electronic recordation to the county
				clerk.
(39)
TIFF: Tagged
				Information File Format.
An image file format commonly used for
				photographs, scanned documents, or other graphics. TIFF images are graphics
				that are made up of individual dots or pixels. Files in the TIFF format are
				distinguished by a ".tif" filename extension. Group 4 TIFF (Tagged Image File
				Format) images are commonly used, because this format preserves the image in
				the most accurate and legible form.
(40)
TBP:
Trusted Business
				Partner.
(41)
Third party
				vendor:
Entity that may act as an intermediary in an electronic
				transaction. The vendor will usually add value to the transaction, such as
				verifying accuracy and completeness of index entries, authentication of the
				submitting party, or any other specific requirement of the county
				clerk.
(42)
Transaction:
means an action or set of actions occurring between
				two or more persons relating to the conduct of business, commercial, or
				governmental affairs.
(43)
UETA: Uniform Electronic Transactions Act.
The uniform act on
				which the Uniform Electronic Transactions Act as adopted in Oklahoma set out at
				Sections 15-101 through 15-121 of Title 12A of the Oklahoma Statutes was based
				authorizing electronic documents and digital signatures to stand as equals with
				their paper counterparts.
(44)
URPERA: Uniform Real Property Electronic Recording Act.
The
				uniform act on which the Uniform Real Property Electronic Recording Act as
				adopted in Oklahoma set out in Sections
				86.1
				through
				86.7
				of Title 16 of the Oklahoma Statutes, was based authorizing county clerks to
				accept electronic documents for recording in accordance with established
				standards.
(45)
VPN:
Virtual Private Network
(46)
Wet signature:
An original handwritten signature applied to a
				document.
(47)
XHTML:
Extensible HyperText Markup Language
(48)
XML Extensible Markup Language
				(XML):
A computer language used to create markup languages. XML allows
				developers to specify a document type definition (DTD) or schema in order to
				devise new markup languages for general or specific uses.
Added at 27 Ok Reg 1369,
				  eff 6-11-10