Oklahoma Administrative Code › Title 210 - State Department of Education › Chapter 15 - Curriculum and Instruction › Subchapter 3 - Oklahoma Academic Standards › Part 3 - PRE-KINDERGARTEN AND KINDERGARTEN › Section 210:15-3-5.1 - Definitions

Current through Vol. 41, No. 20, July 1, 2024
The following words and terms, when used in this Part,
					 shall have the following meaning unless the context clearly indicates
					 otherwise:
"Beat"
means the consistent pulse that occurs
					 throughout a rhyme, song, or recorded musical selection;
"Biographical data"
means information
					 pertaining to an individual (e.g., name, age, birthdate, address, telephone
					 number).
"Body percussion"
means sounds produced by the
					 use of the body (i.e., clap, snap, slap, tap, stamp, stomp, whistle).
"Color"
means hue (name of the color), value
					 (how light a color is), and intensity (amount of brightness) produced through
					 the reflection of light to the eye. Primary colors are the three colors from
					 which all other colors may be made: red, yellow, and blue. Secondary colors are
					 the result of mixing any two primary colors: orange, green, and purple.
"Consonants"
means the letters of the alphabet
					 (excluding a, e, i, o, u, usually including y and w) and a single sound made by
					 a parted or complete obstruction of air.
"Dynamics"
means varying degrees of loud and
					 soft.
"Folk music"
means music of a particular
					 people, nation, or region, originally transmitted orally, sometimes as a
					 rhythmic accompaniment to manual work or to mark a specific ritual.
"Form"
means a three-dimensional object with
					 the qualities of length, width and depth. Examples of geometric forms include a
					 cone, cube, sphere, or cylinder.
"Harmony"
means two or more tones sounding
					 together.
"Inquiry"
means processes of science (observe,
					 sort, classify, describe, communicate).
"Language experience"
means an approach to the
					 teaching of reading in which students read about their own experiences recorded
					 in their own words. Experience stories are dictated by the student to a teacher
					 who writes them down. Dictated accounts are reread in unison, in echo-fashion,
					 and independently.
"Learning centers"
means areas within the
					 classroom arranged so that children are able to participate in a variety of
					 activities relating to art, science, reading, dramatic play, blocks,
					 etc.
"Line"
means the path of a moving point. A
					 line may define the edge of a shape; repeated, it can create texture or value.
					 It may be thick or thin, smooth or rough, short or long, light or dark.
"Literature"
means text created for a specific
					 purpose (e.g., poem, story, novel, etc.).
"Locomotor"
means movement from one place to
					 another.
"Melody"
means a succession or pattern of
					 musical tones or pitches.
"Nonlocomotor"
means movement in place.
"Nonstandard measurement"
means a measurement
					 determined by the use of nonstandard units (e.g., hands, paper clips, beans,
					 cotton balls, etc.).
"Note"
means a musical symbol that denotes
					 both pitch and duration.
"Number sense"
means the understanding of
					 numbers and their quantities.
"One-to-one correspondence"
means pairing or
					 matching objects in a one-to-one relationship.
"Onset"
means the sound(s) in a word that
					 come(s) before the first vowel.
"Ordinal"
means a number that is used to tell
					 order (e.g., first, fifth).
"Phonemes"
means a minimal sound unit of
					 speech that distinguishes one word from another (lace, lake).
"Phonological/phonemic awareness"
means the
					 ability to hear, identify, and manipulate large parts of spoken language (e.g.,
					 words, syllables, onsets, rimes) and the auditory ability to divide speech into
					 smaller units of sound (phonemes).
"Phonics"
means a way of teaching reading and
					 spelling that stresses symbol sound relationships; the ability to associate
					 letters and letter combinations with sound and blend them into syllables and
					 words.
"Pitch"
means the highness or lowness of a
					 particular note.
"Primary colors"
means the basic colors of
					 red, yellow, and blue from which it is possible to mix all other colors on the
					 color wheel.
"Print awareness"
means the ability to
					 understand how print works. This includes knowing that the print on the page
					 represents the words that can be read aloud and distinguishing between various
					 forms and purposes of print, from personal letters and signs to storybooks and
					 essays.
"Prior knowledge"
means knowing that stems
					 from previous experience.
"Rhythm"
means beats per measure.
"Rime"
means the first vowel in a syllable and
					 all the sounds that follow (e.g., /ook/ in book or brook, /ik/ in strike or
					 bike, /a/ in play or day).
"Set"
means a group of objects.
"Shape"
means a two-dimensional area defined
					 by an outline or change in color. Examples of types of geometric shapes include
					 circle, square, rectangle, triangle, or oval. Other shapes may be free-form
					 such as natural objects (i.e., leaves, flowers, clouds) or invented free-form
					 shapes that might be created by doodling.
"Shared reading"
means a term used to describe
					 the process in which the teacher and the children read a book together. The
					 book is read and reread many times. On the first several readings the teacher
					 does most of the reading. As children become more familiar, they join in and
					 "share" the reading.
"Shared writing"
means teacher and children
					 work together to compose messages and stories; teacher supports process as a
					 scribe.
"Space"
means area within, around, between,
					 above or below objects and shapes. Space or distance may be suggested in visual
					 art by using perspective or other strategies such as placement of objects on
					 the picture plane, overlapping of shapes, or objects closer to the viewer are
					 made to appear to have more vibrant color and detail than objects further away.
					 Variation of size or value and the use of converging lines are also used to
					 suggest space.
"Spatial sense"
means involves building and
					 manipulating mental representations of two- and three-dimensional objects and
					 ideas.
"Standard measurement"
means a measure
					 determined by the use of standard units (e.g., inches, feet, pounds, cups,
					 pints, gallons).
"Tempo"
means the speed or pace of
					 music.
"Transitional spelling"
means the result of an
					 attempt to spell a word whose spelling is not already known, based on a
					 writer's knowledge of the spelling system and how it works.
"Text"
means any printed material.
"Texture"
means the surface quality or feel of
					 an object. Texture may be actual (rough or smooth) or implied visually.
"Value"
means the degree of dark or light
					 tones or colors. A value scale shows the gradual changing of a tone from the
					 darkest to the lightest or white. Value may be created by simple shading, hatch
					 marks (small repeated lines in the same direction), or crosshatching.
"Vowels"
means a, e, i, o, u and sometimes y
					 and w.
Added at 20 Ok Reg
					 159, eff 10-10-02 (emergency); Added at 20 Ok Reg 821, eff 5-15-03; Amended at
					 24 Ok Reg 1839, eff 6-25-07