Oklahoma Administrative Code › Title 310 - Oklahoma State Department of Health › Chapter 281 - Medical Marijuana Regulations [Revoked] › Subchapter 1 - General Provisions › Section 310:281-1-2 - Definitions

Current through Vol. 41, No. 20, July 1, 2024
The following words or terms, when used in this Chapter,
				  shall have the following meaning, unless the context clearly indicates
				  otherwise.
"Absorbed dose"
means the energy imparted to
				  matter by ionizing radiation per unit mass of irradiated material at the place
				  of interest. The special units of absorbed dose are the rad and the gray (Gy).
				  (See definitions of "Rad" and "Gray" in this Section.)
"Accessible surface"
means the external surface
				  of the enclosure or housing provided by the manufacturer.
"ACR Technical Standard for Teleradiology"
means
				  the degree or level of requirements for the performance of teleradiology to
				  include qualifications of personnel, equipment guidelines, licensing,
				  credentialing, communication, quality control, and quality improvement to serve
				  as a model for all physicians and health care workers who utilize
				  teleradiology.
"Act"
means applicable portions of the Oklahoma
				  Public Health Code. (Title 63 O.S. Supp. 2001, Sections
				  1-1501.1
				  et seq.)
"Adult"
means any individual 18 or more years of
				  age.
"Aluminum equivalent"
means the thickness of
				  type 1100 aluminum alloy affording the same attenuation, under specified
				  conditions, as the material in question. The nominal chemical composition of
				  type 1100 aluminum alloy is 99.00 percent minimum aluminum, 0.12 percent
				  copper.
"American College of Radiology" (ACR)
means the
				  principal organization of radiologists, radiation oncologists, and clinical
				  medical physicists in the United States that is a non-profit professional
				  society whose primary purposes are to advance the science of radiology, improve
				  service to the patient, study socioeconomic aspects of the practice of
				  radiology, and encourage continuing education for radiologists, radiation
				  oncologists, medical physicists, and persons practicing in allied professional
				  fields.
"Assembler"
means any person engaged in the
				  business of assembling, replacing, or installing one or more components into a
				  diagnostic x-ray system or subsystem. The term includes the owner of a
				  diagnostic x-ray system and/or his or her employee or an agent who assembles
				  components into a diagnostic x-ray system that is subsequently used to provide
				  professional or commercial services.
"Attenuate"
means to reduce the exposure rate
				  upon passage of radiation through matter.
"Attenuation block"
means a block or stack,
				  having dimensions 20 centimeters by 20 centimeters by 3.8 centimeters, of type
				  1100 aluminum alloy or other materials having equivalent attenuation.
"Automatic exposure control"
means a device
				  which automatically controls one or more technique factors in order to obtain
				  at a preselected location(s) a required quantity of radiation. (See also
				  definition of "Phototimer" in this section.)
"Beam axis"
means a line from the source through
				  the centers of the x-ray fields.
"Beam-limiting device"
means a device which
				  provides a means to restrict the dimensions of the x-ray field.
"Beam quality"
means a term that describes the
				  penetrating power of the x-ray beam. This is identified by half-value layer and
				  is influenced by kilovolt peak (kVp) and filtration.
"Bone densitometer"
means a system intended for
				  medical purposes to measure bone density and mineral content by x-ray
				  transmission measurements through the bone and adjacent tissues.
"Calendar quarter"
means not less than 12
				  consecutive weeks nor more than 14 consecutive weeks. The first calendar
				  quarter of each year begins in January and subsequent calendar quarters are
				  arranged so that no day is included in more than one calendar quarter and no
				  day in any one year is omitted from inclusion within a calendar quarter. No
				  permittee can change the method observed by that individual in determining
				  calendar quarters for purposes of these regulations except at the beginning of
				  a calendar year.
"Calendar year"
means the time period running
				  from January 1 
				  st through December 31 
				  st.
"Calibration"
means the determination of:the
				  response or reading of an instrument relative to a series of known radiation
				  values over the range of the instrument; or the strength of a source of
				  radiation relative to a standard.
"Central axis of the beam"
means a line passing
				  through the virtual source and the center of the plane figure formed by the
				  edge of the first beam limiting device.
"Cephalometric system"
means a system intended
				  for the radiographic visualization and measurement of the dimensions of the
				  human head.
"Certified components"
means components of
				  diagnostic x-ray systems, which are subject to regulations promulgated under
				  the Radiation Control for Health and Safety Act of 1968. (21 CFR Parts
				  1000-1030.)
"Certified system"
means any diagnostic x-ray
				  system which has one or more certified component(s).
"CFR"
means Code of Federal Regulations.
"Changeable filter"
means any filter, exclusive
				  of inherent filtration, which can be removed from the useful beam through any
				  electronic, mechanical, or physical process.
"Coefficient of variation" (C)
means the ratio
				  of the standard deviation to the mean value of a population of observations.
"Collimator"
means a device or mechanism by
				  which the x-ray beam is restricted in size.
"Computed tomography" (CT)
means the production
				  of a tomogram by the acquisition and computer processing of x-ray transmission
				  data.
"Computed tomography dose index" (CTDI)
means
				  the integral from -7T to +7T of the dose profile along a line perpendicular to
				  the tomographic plane divided by the product of the nominal tomographic section
				  thickness and the number of tomograms produced in a single scan.
"Contrast scale" (CS)
means the change in the
				  linear attenuation coefficient per CTN relative to water.
"Control panel"
means that part of the radiation
				  machine control upon which are mounted the switches, knobs, push buttons, and
				  other hardware necessary for manually setting the technique factors.
"CT conditions of operation"
means all
				  selectable parameters governing the operation of a CT x-ray system including,
				  but not limited to, nominal tomographic section thickness, filtration, and the
				  technique factors as defined in
				  310:281-11-15.
"CT gantry"
means the tube housing assemblies,
				  beam limiting devices, detectors and the supporting structures and frames,
				  which hold these components.
"CT number" (CTN)
means the number used to
				  represent the x- ray attenuation associated with each elemental area of the CT
				  image.
"Dead-man switch"
means a switch so constructed
				  that a circuit closing contact can be maintained only by continuous pressure on
				  the switch by the operator.
"Declared pregnant woman"
means a woman who has
				  voluntarily informed the permittee, in writing, of her pregnancy and the
				  estimated date of conception. The declaration remains in effect until the
				  declared woman voluntarily withdraws the declaration in writing or is no longer
				  pregnant.
"Deep dose equivalent" (DDE)
(H D) means the
				  dose which applies to external whole-body exposure and is the dose equivalent
				  at a tissue depth of 1 cm (1000 mg/cm 
				  2).
"Department"
means the Oklahoma State Department
				  of Health.
"Diagnostic source assembly"
means the tube
				  housing assembly with a beam-limiting device attached.
"Diagnostic-type tube housing"
means an x-ray
				  tube housing so constructed that the leakage radiation measured at a distance
				  of 1 meter from the source cannot exceed 100 mr in 1 hour when the tube is
				  operated at its maximum continuous rated current for the maximum rated tube
				  potential.
"Diagnostic x-ray system"
means an x-ray system
				  designed for irradiation of any part of the human body for the purpose of
				  diagnosis or visualization. Types of diagnostic x-ray systems are as follows:
(A)
"Mobile diagnostic x-ray system"
means a
				  diagnostic x-ray system mounted on a permanent base with wheels and/or casters
				  for moving while completely assembled.
(B)
"Portable diagnostic x-ray system"
means a
				  diagnostic x- ray system designed to be hand-carried.
(C)
"Stationary diagnostic x-ray system"
means a
				  diagnostic x-ray system which is installed in a fixed location. A diagnostic
				  x-ray system installed in a vehicle designed to be operated on the highway is
				  considered to be a stationary x-ray system.
"Dose"
means absorbed dose or dose equivalent as
				  appropriate.
"Dose equivalent" (DE)
(H T) means a quantity
				  that expresses on a common scale for all radiation a measure of the postulated
				  effect on a given organ. It is the absorbed dose in rads times certain
				  modifying factors. The units of dose equivalent are the rem and sievert (Sv).
				  (See definitions of "Rem" and "Sievert" in this Section.)
"Dose limits"
means the permissible upper bounds
				  of radiation doses established in accordance with this Chapter. For the
				  purposes of this Chapter, "limits" is an equivalent term.
"Dose monitoring system"
means a system of
				  devices for the detection, measurement, and display of quantities of radiation.
"Dose monitor unit"
means a unit response from
				  the dose monitoring system from which the absorbed dose can be calculated.
"Dose profile"
means the dose as a function of
				  position along a line.
"Effective dose equivalent"
(EDE) (HE) is the
				  sum of the products of the dose equivalent to the organ or tissue (HT) and the
				  weighting factors (WT) applicable to each of the body organs or tissues that
				  irradiated (HE = WTHT).
"Elemental area"
means the smallest area within
				  a tomogram for which the x-ray attenuation properties of a body are depicted.
"Embryo/fetus"
means the developing human
				  organism from conception until the time of birth.
"Entrance exposure"
means the exposure, measured
				  in air with the specified technique, calculated or adjusted to represent the
				  exposure at the point where the center of the useful beam enters the patient
				  expressed in roentgens.
"Entrance exposure rate"
means the exposure per
				  unit time at the point where the center of the useful beam enters the
				  patient.
"Exposure"
means the absolute value of the total
				  charge of the ions of one sign produced in air when all the electrons
				  (negatrons and positrons) liberated by photons in a unit mass volume of air are
				  completely stopped in air. The special unit of exposure is the roentgen. (See
				  definition of "Roentgen" in this Section.)
"Exposure rate"
means the exposure per unit of
				  time, such as roentgen per minute and milliroentgen per hour.
"Extremity"
means hand, elbow, arm below the
				  elbow, foot, knee, and leg below the knee. The arm above the elbow and the leg
				  above the knee are considered part of the whole body.
"Facility"
means the location at which one or
				  more diagnostic x-ray systems, subject to these rules, are located and/or
				  installed. Facilities with several such systems located and/or installed in
				  different buildings and/or vehicles, but at the same street address and under
				  the same administrative control will be considered to be one facility.
"Field emission systems"
means systems which
				  uses an x-ray tube in which electron emission from the cathode is due solely to
				  the action of an electric field.
"Field flattening filter"
means a filter used to
				  provide dose uniformity over the area of a useful beam of x-rays at a specified
				  depth.
"Field size"
means the dimensions along the
				  major axes of an area in a plane perpendicular to the central axis of the
				  useful beam of incident radiation at the normal treatment distance and defined
				  by the intersection of the major axes and the 50 percent isodose line. Material
				  shall be placed in the beam such that the dose maximum is produced at the
				  normal treatment distance when the field size is being determined.
"Filter"
means material placed in the useful
				  beam to absorb preferentially selected radiations.
"Fluoroscopic imaging assembly"
means a
				  subsystem in which x- ray photons produce a fluoroscopic image. It includes the
				  image receptor(s) such as the image intensifier and spot-film device,
				  electrical interlocks, if any, and structural material providing linkage
				  between the image receptor and diagnostic source assembly.
"Focal spot"
means the area projected on the
				  anode of the x-ray tube by the electrons accelerated from the cathode and from
				  which the useful beam originates.
"Fog test"
means an evaluation of increased
				  density and reduced contrast on film, which has not been exposed to the
				  radiation field. This is usually done by processing unexposed film and
				  measuring the density.
"Gantry"
means that part of the system
				  supporting and allowing possible movement of the radiation head.
"General purpose x-ray system"
means any
				  diagnostic x-ray system, which, by design, is not limited to radiographic
				  examination of specific anatomical regions.
"Gonadal shield"
means a protective barrier for
				  the testes or ovaries.
"Gray"
(Gy) means the SI unit of absorbed dose.
				  One gray is equal to an absorbed dose of 1 joule/kilogram (100 rads) of tissue.
"Half-value layer" (HVL)
means the thickness of
				  specified material which attenuates the beam of radiation to an extent such
				  that the exposure rate is reduced to one-half of its original value. In this
				  definition, the contribution of all scattered radiation, other than any which
				  might be present initially in the beam concerned, is deemed to be excluded.
"Healing arts"
means those professional
				  disciplines authorized by the laws of this state to use x-rays in the diagnosis
				  of human or animal disease.
"Healing arts screening"
means the testing of
				  human beings using diagnostic x-ray systems for the detection or evaluation of
				  health indications when such tests are not specifically and individually
				  ordered by a licensed practitioner of the healing arts legally authorized to
				  prescribe such x-ray examinations for the purpose of diagnosis.
"High radiation area"
means any area, accessible
				  to individuals, in which there exists radiation at such levels that a major
				  portion of the body could receive in any one hour a dose in excess of 100
				  millirems.
"Human use"
means the external administration of
				  radiation to human beings.
"Image intensifier"
means a device installed in
				  its housing, which instantaneously converts an x-ray pattern into a
				  corresponding light image of higher energy density.
"Image receptor"
means any device such as a
				  fluorescent screen or radiographic film which transforms incident x-ray photons
				  either into a visible image or into another form which can be made into a
				  visible image by further transformations.
"Image receptor support"
means for mammographic
				  systems that part of the system designed to support the image receptor in a
				  horizontal plane during a mammographic examination.
"Inspection"
means an official examination or
				  observation including, but not limited to, records, tests, surveys, and
				  monitoring to determine compliance with rules, regulations, orders,
				  requirements, and conditions of the Department.
"Interlock"
means: a device arranged or
				  connected such that the occurrence of an event or condition is required before
				  a second event or condition can occur or continue to occur; or adevice for
				  precluding access to an area of high radiation by automatically reducing the
				  exposure rate.
"Irradiation"
means the exposure of matter to
				  ionizing radiation.
"Kilovolts peak (kVp)"
means the maximum value
				  of the potential difference across the x-ray tube during an exposure and is the
				  equivalent to kilovolts peak (kVp).
"kV"
means kilovolts.
"kWs"
means kilowatt second. It is equivalent to
				  10 
				  3 (kV) x (mA) x (s)
"Lead equivalent"
means the thickness of lead
				  affording the same attenuation, under specified conditions, as the material in
				  question.
"Leakage radiation"
means radiation emanating
				  from the diagnostic source assembly except for: the useful beam, and radiation
				  produced when the exposure switch or timer is not activated.
"Leakage technique factors"
means the technique
				  factors associated with the diagnostic assembly, which are used in measuring
				  leakage radiation. The technique factor(s) are defined as follows: For
				  diagnostic source assemblies intended for capacitor energy storage equipment,
				  it is the maximum-rated peak tube potential and the maximum-rated number of
				  exposures in an hour for operation at the maximum-rated peak tube potential
				  with the quantity of charge per exposure being 10 millicoulombs, i.e., 10
				  milliampere seconds, or the minimum obtainable from the unit, whichever is
				  larger. For diagnostic source assemblies intended for field emission equipment
				  rated for pulsed operation, it is the maximum-rated peak tube potential and the
				  maximum-rated number of x-ray pulses in an hour for operation at the
				  maximum-rated peak tube potential. For all other diagnostic source assemblies,
				  it is the maximum-rated peak tube potential and the maximum-rated continuous
				  tube current for the maximum-rated peak tube potential.
"Lens dose equivalent (LDE)"
means the external
				  DE to the lens of the eye at a tissue depth pf 0.3 cm (300 mg/cm 
				  2).
"Light field"
means that area of the
				  intersection of the light beam from the beam-limiting device and one of the
				  sets of planes parallel to and including the plane of the image receptor, whose
				  perimeter is the locus of points at which the illumination is one-fourth of the
				  maximum in the intersection.
"Linear attenuation coefficient"
(u) means the
				  quotient of dN/N by dl when dN/N is the fraction of uncharged ionizing
				  radiation that experience interactions in traversing a distance d1 in a
				  specified material.
"mA"
means milliampere.
"mAs"
means milliampere second.
"Mean" (X)
means the average value of a set of
				  numbers.
"Medical physicist"
means an individual having
				  the knowledge and training to measure ionizing radiation, to evaluate safety
				  techniques, and to advise regarding radiation protection needs. For example,
"
medical physicists
"
may include individuals
				  certified in the field of diagnostic x-ray systems by the American Board of
				  Radiology in physics, the American Board of Health Physics, the American Board
				  of Medical Physics, individuals licensed by an appropriate state agency, or
				  individuals otherwise deemed by the Department to have equivalent
				  qualifications.
"MeV"
means million electron volts.
"Minor"
means any individual less than 18 years
				  of age.
"Multiple tomogram systems"
means a computed
				  tomography system, which obtains x-ray transmission data simultaneously during
				  a single scan to produce more than one tomogram.
"Multiple scan average dose (MSAD)"
means the
				  average dose at the center of a series of scans, specified at the center of the
				  axis of rotation of a computed tomography system.
"Nominal tomographic section thickness"
means
				  the full-width at half-maximum of the sensitivity profile taken at the center
				  of the cross sectional volume over which x-ray transmission data are collected.
"Noise"
means the standard deviation of the
				  fluctuations in CTN expressed as a percentage of the attenuation coefficient of
				  water.
"Occupational dose"
means radiation exposure
				  received by an individual in the course of employment in which the individual's
				  duties involve exposure to radiation. Occupational dose does not include any
				  radiation exposure of an individual for the purpose of diagnosis.
"Patient"
means an individual subjected to
				  healing arts examination or diagnosis.
"Permittee"
means any person which is issued a
				  permit by the Department in accordance with these regulations and the Act.
"Person"
means any individual, corporation,
				  partnership, firm, association, trust, estate, public or private institution,
				  group, agency, political subdivision of this State, any other State or
				  political subdivision or agency thereof, and any legal successor,
				  representative, agent, or agency of the foregoing.
"Personnel monitoring equipment"
means devices
				  such as film badges, pocket dosimeters, and thermoluminescent dosimeters
				  designed to be worn or carried by an individual for the purpose of estimating
				  the dose received by the individual.
"Phantom"
means a volume of material behaving in
				  a manner similar to tissue with respect to the attenuation and scattering of
				  radiation.
"Phototimer"
means a method for controlling
				  radiation exposures to image receptors by the amount of radiation which reaches
				  a radiation monitoring device(s). The radiation monitoring device(s) is part of
				  an electronic circuit which controls the duration of time the tube is
				  activated. (See definition of "Automatic exposure control" in this Section.)
"Physician"
means a person who is licensed by
				  either the Oklahoma State Board of Medical Licensure and Supervision or by the
				  Oklahoma State Board of Osteopathic Examiners to practice medicine, radiology,
				  and/or surgery.
"Primary scattered radiation"
means that
				  scattered radiation which has been deviated in direction only by materials
				  irradiated by the useful beam. (See also definition of "scattered radiation" in
				  this Section.)
"Protective apron"
means an apron made of
				  radiation absorbing materials used to reduce radiation exposure.
"Protective barrier"
means a barrier of
				  radiation absorbing material(s) used to reduce radiation exposure. The types of
				  protective barriers are as follows:
"Primary protective barrier"
means the material,
				  excluding filters, placed in the useful beam, for protection purposes, to
				  reduce the radiation exposure.
"Secondary protective barrier"
means a barrier
				  sufficient to attenuate the stray radiation to the required degree.
"Protective glove"
means a glove made of
				  radiation absorbing materials used to reduce radiation exposure.
"Qualified expert"
(see definition of "Medical
				  Physicist".)
"Rad"
means the special unit of absorbed dose.
				  One rad equals 0.01 joule per kilogram (100 ergs per gram) of material; for
				  example; if tissue is the material of interest, then 1 rad equals 0.01 joule
				  per kilogram (0.01 gray) of tissue. (See definition of "Absorbed Dose" in this
				  section.)
"Radiation"
means ionizing radiation delivered
				  by x rays.
"Radiation area"
means any area, accessible to
				  individuals, in which radiation levels could result in an individual receiving
				  a dose equivalent in excess of 0.005 rem (0.05 mSv) in 1 hour at 30 centimeters
				  from the radiation source or from any surface that the radiation penetrates.
"Radiation detector"
means a device which, in
				  the presence of radiation, provides a signal or other indication suitable for
				  use in measuring one or more quantities of incident radiation.
"Radiation head"
means the structure from which
				  the useful beam emerges.
"Radiation machine"
means any device capable of
				  producing radiation except those which produce radiation only from radioactive
				  material.
"Radiation safety officer" (RSO)
means one who
				  has been delegated the responsibility to apply all of the appropriate radiation
				  protection regulations.
"Radioactivity"
means the transformation of
				  unstable atomic nuclei by the emission of radiation.
"Radiograph"
means an image receptor on which
				  the image is created directly or indirectly by an x-ray pattern and results in
				  a permanent record.
"Radiographic imaging system"
means any system
				  whereby a permanent or semi-permanent image is recorded on an image receptor by
				  the action of ionizing radiation.
"Rating"
means the operating limits as specified
				  by the component manufacturer.
"Recording"
means producing a permanent form of
				  an image resulting from x-ray photons.
"Reference plane"
means a plane which is
				  displaced from and parallel to the tomographic plane.
"Registration"
means registration with the
				  Department in accordance with this Chapter.
"Rem"
means a special unit of the dose
				  equivalent. One millirem (mrem) = 0.001 rem (See definition of "Dose
				  Equivalent" in this Section.) For the purpose of these regulations, any of the
				  following is considered to be equal to one rem:
(A) exposure of 1 roentgen of x-ray or gamma radiation.
(B) an absorbed dose of 1 rad due to x-ray, gamma, or beta
				  radiation.
(C) an absorbed dose of 0.05 rad due to particles heavier
				  than protons and with sufficient energy to reach the lens of the eye.
(D) an absorbed dose of 0.1 rad due to fast neutrons or high
				  energy protons.
(E) an absorbed dose of 0.4 rad due to thermal neutrons.
(F) 1 rem = 0.01 sievert.
"Research "
means:
(A) theoretical analysis, exploration, or experimentation; or
(B) the extension of investigative findings and theories of a
				  scientific or technical nature into practical application for experimental and
				  demonstration purposes, including the experimental production and testing of
				  models, devices, equipment, materials, and processes. Research and development
				  does not include the internal or external administration of radiation to human
				  beings.
"Response time"
means the time required for an
				  instrument system to reach 90 percent of its final reading when the
				  radiation-sensitive volume of the instrument system is exposed to a step change
				  in radiation flux from zero sufficient to provide a steady state midscale
				  reading.
"Restricted area"
(controlled area) means any
				  area, access to which is controlled by the permittee for the purpose of
				  protecting individuals from exposure to radiation. A restricted area does not
				  include any areas used for residential quarters, although a room or rooms in a
				  residential building may be set apart as a restricted area.
"Roentgen" (R)
means the special unit of
				  exposure. One roentgen (R) equals 2.58 x 10 
				  -4  coulombs/kilogram of air. (See
				  definition of "Exposure" in this Section.)
"Scan"
means the complete process of collecting
				  x-ray transmission data for the production of a tomogram. Data can be collected
				  simultaneously during a single scan for the production of one or more
				  tomograms.
"Scan increment"
means the amount of relative
				  displacement of the patient with respect to the CT x-ray system between
				  successive scans measured along the direction of such displacement.
"Scan sequence"
means a preselected set of two
				  or more scans performed consecutively under preselected CT conditions of
				  operation.
"Scan time"
means the periods of time between
				  the beginning and end of x-ray transmission data accumulation for a single
				  scan.
"Scattered radiation"
means radiation that,
				  during passage through matter, has been deviated in direction. (See definition
				  of "Direct scattered radiation" in this Section.)
"Secondary dose monitoring system"
means a
				  system which will terminate irradiation in the event of failure of the primary
				  system.
.
"Shallow dose equivalent (SDE)"
means the DE at
				  a tissue depth of 0.007 cm (7 mg/cm 
				  2) averaged over an area of 1 square
				  centimeter (cm 
				  2). (SDE applies to the external
				  exposure of the skin or an extremity.)
"Shutter"
means a device attached to the tube
				  housing assembly which can totally intercept the useful beam and which has a
				  lead equivalency not less than that of the tube housing assembly.
"SI"
means the abbreviation for the
				  International System of Units.
"Single tomogram system"
means a CT x-ray
				  system, which obtains x-ray transmission data during a scan to produce a single
				  tomogram.
"Sievert"
(Sv) means the SI unit of any of the
				  qualities expressed as dose equivalent. The dose equivalent in sieverts is
				  equal to the absorbed dose in grays multiplied by the quality factor (1 Sv =
				  100 rems).
"Source"
means the focal spot of the x-ray
				  tube.
"Source-to-image receptor distance (SID)"
means
				  the distance from the source to the center of the input surface of the image
				  receptor.
"Source of radiation"
means any instrument
				  capable of producing or emitting radiation. (i.e., x-ray tube assembly.)
"Source-to-skin distance (SSD)"
means the
				  distance between the source and the skin of the patient.
"Special procedures"
means the application of
				  special x-ray systems and specialized techniques to obtain required diagnostic
				  information. This usually provides enhanced detail of a given anatomical
				  structure but with reduced visualization of other structures. Special
				  procedures include, but are not limited to, angiography, cardiac
				  catheterization, myelography, and surgery.
"Special purpose x-ray system"
means any
				  diagnostic x-ray system, which is limited, by design, to radiographic
				  examinations of specific anatomical regions. Special purpose x-ray systems
				  include, but are not limited to, mammography systems, dedicated chest systems,
				  cystography systems, and head and skull systems.
"Spot check"
means a procedure which is
				  performed to assure that a previous calibration continues to be valid.
"Spot film"
means a radiograph which is made
				  during a fluoroscopic examination to permanently record conditions which exist
				  during that fluoroscopic procedure.
"Spot-film device"
means a device intended to
				  transport and/or position a radiographic image receptor between the x-ray tube
				  head and fluoroscopic image receptor. It includes a device intended to hold a
				  cassette over the input end of an image intensifier for the purpose of making a
				  radiograph.
"Standard deviation" (s)
means a measure of the
				  dispersion or variation in distribution, equal to the square root of the mean
				  of the squares of the deviations from the mean root of the distribution
"Stored system"
means a diagnostic x-ray system
				  which has been disabled such that when power is supplied to the control panel
				  (technique indicators), the x-ray tube may not be energized.
"Stray radiation"
means the sum of leakage and
				  scattered radiation.
"Supervision"
means the delegating of the task
				  of applying radiation pursuant to these regulations by persons, not licensed in
				  the healing arts or veterinary medicine, who provide services under the
				  practitioner's control. The licensed practitioner assumes full responsibility
				  for these tasks and must assure that the tasks will be administered correctly.
"Survey"
means an evaluation of the production,
				  use, release, disposal, and/or presence of sources of radiation under a
				  specific set of conditions to determine actual or potential radiation hazards.
				  When appropriate, such evaluation includes, but is not limited to, tests,
				  physical examinations, and measurements of levels of radiation or
				  concentrations of radioactive material present.
"Technique chart"
means a chart that provides
				  all necessary generator control settings and geometry needed to make clinical
				  radiographs when the radiography system is in manual mode.
"Technique factors"
mean the conditions of
				  operation. Technique factor(s) are specified as follows:
(A) for capacitor energy storage systems, it is peak tube
				  potential in kV and quantity of charge in mAs;
(B) for field emission systems rated for pulsed operation, it
				  is peak tube potential in kV and number of x-ray pulses;
(C) for CT systems designed for pulsed operations, it is peak
				  tube potential in kV, scan time in seconds, and either tube current in mA,
				  x-ray pulse width in seconds, and the number of x-ray pulses per scan or the
				  product of tube current, x-ray pulse width, and the number of x-ray pulses in
				  mAs;
(D) for CT systems not designed for pulsed operation, it is
				  peak tube potential in kV, and either tube current in mA and scan time in
				  seconds or the product of tube current and exposure time in mAs and the scan
				  time when the scan time and exposure time are equivalent; and
(E) for all other systems, it is peak tube potential in kV
				  and either tube current in mA and exposure time in seconds or the product of
				  tube current and exposure time in mAs.
"Teleradiology"
means the electronic
				  transmission of radiological images from one location to another for the
				  purposes of interpretation and/or consultation.
"Test"
means the process of verifying compliance
				  with an applicable regulation.
"These regulations"
means all subchapters of the
				  Diagnostic X-ray Systems Regulations. (Chapter 281 of this Title.)
"Tomogram"
means the depiction of the x-ray
				  attenuation properties of a section through the body.
"Tomographic plane"
means that geometric plane
				  which is identified as corresponding to the output tomogram.
"Tomographic section"
means the volume of an
				  object whose x-ray attenuation properties are imaged in a tomogram.
"Total Effective Dose Equivalent (TEDE)"
means,
				  for external exposure only to x-ray radiation from diagnostic x-ray systems,
				  the TEDE is equal to the DDE. If an individual receives an occupational dose
				  from both diagnostic x-ray systems and radioactive materials, the TEDE is the
				  sum of the deep-dose equivalent (for external exposures) and the committed
				  effective dose equivalent (for internal exposures).
"Traceable to a national standard"
means that a
				  quantity or a measurement has been compared to a national standard directly or
				  indirectly through one or more intermediate steps and that all comparisons have
				  been documented.
"Transfer"
means:
(A) To change the possession or legal title of a diagnostic
				  x-ray system; or
(B) To relocate from one physical address to another.
"Tube housing assembly"
means the tube housing
				  with tube installed. It includes high-voltage and/or filament transformers and
				  other appropriate elements when such are contained within the tube housing.
"Unrestricted area"
(uncontrolled area) means
				  any area access which is not controlled by the permittee for purposes of
				  protection of individuals from exposure to radiation and any area used for
				  residential quarters.
"Useful beam"
means the radiation emanating from
				  the tube housing port or the radiation head and passing through the aperture of
				  the beam limiting service when the exposure controls are in a mode to cause the
				  system to produce radiation.
"User"
means any person who causes any radiation
				  producing machine, subject to these regulations, to be energized.
"Virtual source"
means a point from which
				  radiation appears to originate.
"Visible area"
means that portion of the input
				  surface of the image receptor over which incident x-ray photons produce a
				  visible image.
"Wedge filter"
means an added filter effecting
				  continuous progressive attenuation on all or part of the useful beam.
"Whole Body"
means for purposes of external
				  exposure, head, trunk (including male gonads), arms above the elbow, or legs
				  above the knee.
"Worker"
means an individual engaged in work in
				  a facility issued a permit by the Department and controlled by a permittee, but
				  does not include the permittee.
"X-ray control"
means a device which controls
				  input power to the x-ray high-voltage generator or the x-ray tube. It includes
				  equipment such as timers, phototimers, automatic brightness stabilizers, and
				  similar devices which control the technique factors of an x-ray exposure.
"X-ray field"
means that area of the
				  intersection of the useful beam and any one of the set of planes parallel to
				  and including the plane of the image receptor whose perimeter is the locus of
				  points at which the exposure rate is one-fourth of the maximum in the
				  intersection.
"X-ray high-voltage generator"
means a device
				  which transforms electrical energy from the potential supplied by the x- ray
				  control to the tube operating potential. The device may also include means for
				  transforming alternating current to direct current, filament transformers for
				  the x-ray tube(s), high-voltage switches, electrical protective devices, and
				  other appropriate elements.
"X-ray system"
means an assemblage of components
				  for the controlled production of x-rays. It includes minimally an x-ray
				  high-voltage generator, an x-ray control, a tube housing assembly, a
				  beam-limiting device, and the necessary supporting structures. Additional
				  components which function with the system are considered integral parts of the
				  system.
"X-ray tube"
means any electron tube which is
				  designed to be used primarily for the production of x-rays.
Added at 8 Ok Reg 3503,
				  eff 8-15-91 (emergency); Added at 9 Ok Reg 1643, eff 5-29-92; Amended at 21 Ok
				  Reg 1037, eff 5-13-04