New Mexico Administrative Code › Title 20 - ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION › Chapter 3 - RADIATION PROTECTION › Part 5 - RADIATION SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHIC OPERATIONS › Section 20.3.5.7 - DEFINITIONS

Current through Register Vol. 35, No. 13, July 16, 2024
As used in this Part, the following apply:
A. "ALARA" (acronym for "as low as is
				reasonably achievable") means making every reasonable effort to maintain
				exposures to radiation as far below the dose limits specified in Part 4 of 20.3
				NMAC as is practical consistent with the purpose for which the licensed
				activity is undertaken, taking into account the state of technology, the
				economics of improvements in relation to state of technology, the economics of
				improvements in relation to benefits to the public health and safety, and other
				societal and socioeconomic considerations, and in relation to utilization of
				radiation and licensed materials in the public interest;
B. "Annual refresher safety training" means a
				review conducted or provided by the licensee or registrant for its employees on
				radiation safety aspects of industrial radiography. The review may include, as
				appropriate, the results of internal inspections, new procedures or equipment,
				new or revised regulations, accidents or errors that have been observed, and
				should also provide opportunities for employees to ask safety
				questions;
C. "Associated
				equipment" means equipment that is used in conjunction with a radiographic
				exposure device to make radiographic exposures that drives, guides, or comes in
				contact with the source, (e.g., guide tube, control tube, control (drive)
				cable, removable source stop, "J" tube and collimator when it is used as an
				exposure head;
D. "Becquerel" (Bq)
				means one disintegration per second;
E. "Cabinet radiography" means industrial
				radiography conducted in an enclosure or cabinet shielded so that radiation
				levels at every location on the exterior meet the limitations specified in
				20.3.4.406 NMAC;
F. "Cabinet x-ray
				system" means an x-ray system with the x-ray tube installed in an enclosure
				(hereinafter termed "Cabinet") which, independently of existing architectural
				structures except the floor on which it may be placed, is intended to contain
				at least that portion of a material thing irradiated, provide radiation
				attenuation, and exclude personnel from its interior during generation of
				x-radiation. Included are all x-ray systems designed primarily for the
				inspection of carry-on baggage at airline, railroad, and bus terminals, and in
				similar facilities. An x-ray tube used within a shielded part of a building, or
				x-ray equipment that may temporarily or occasionally incorporate portable
				shielding is not considered a cabinet x-ray system;
G. "Certified cabinet x-ray system" means an
				x-ray system which has been certified in accordance with
				21
				CFR 1010.2 as being manufactured and
				assembled pursuant to the provisions of
				21 CFR
				1020.40;
H. "Certifying Entity" means an independent
				certifying organization meeting the requirements in 20.3.5.12 NMAC or an
				Agreement State meeting the requirements in 20.3.5.12 NMAC;
I. "Collimator" means a radiation shield that
				is placed on the end of the guide tube or directly onto a radiographic exposure
				device to restrict the size of the radiation beam when the sealed source is
				cranked into position to make a radiographic exposure;
J. "Control (drive) cable" means the cable
				that is connected to the source assembly and used to drive the source to and
				from the exposure location;
K.
				"Control drive mechanism" means a device that enables the source assembly to be
				moved to and from the exposure device;
L. "Control tube" means a protective sheath
				for guiding the control cable. The control tube connects the control drive
				mechanism to the radiographic exposure device;
M. "Exposure head" means a device that
				locates the gamma radiography sealed source in the selected working position.
				(an exposure head is also known as a source stop);
N. "Field station" means a facility where
				licensed material or registered machines may be stored or used, and from which
				equipment is dispatched;
O. "Gray"
				means the SI unit of absorbed dose. One gray is equal to an absorbed dose of 1
				Joule/kilogram. It is also equal to 100 rads;
P. "Guide tube" (Projection sheath) means a
				flexible or rigid tube (i.e., "J" tube) for guiding the source assembly and the
				attached control cable from the exposure device to the exposure head. The guide
				tube may also include the connections necessary for attachment to the exposure
				device and to the exposure head;
Q.
				"Hands-on experience" means experience in all of those areas considered to be
				directly involved in the radiography process;
R. "Independent certifying organization"
				means an independent organization that meets all of the criteria of 20.3.5.12
				NMAC;
S. "Industrial radiography"
				means the examination of the macroscopic structure of materials by
				nondestructive methods using sources of ionizing radiation to produce
				radiographic images;
T. "Lixiscope"
				means a portable light-intensified imaging device using a sealed
				source;
U. "Permanent radiographic
				installation" means an enclosed shielded room, cell, or vault, not located at a
				temporary jobsite, in which radiography is performed;
V. "Personal supervision" means guidance and
				instruction to a radiographer trainee by a radiographer instructor who is
				present at the site, in visual contact with the trainee while the trainee is
				using sources of radiation, and in such proximity that immediate assistance can
				be given if required;
W. "Practical
				Examination" means a documented demonstration through practical application of
				the safety rules and principles in industrial radiography including use of all
				appropriate equipment and procedures;
X. "Radiation Safety Officer" (RSO) for
				industrial radiography means an individual with the responsibility for the
				overall radiation safety program on behalf of the licensee or registrant and
				who meets the requirements as specified in Subsection C of 20.3.5.11
				NMAC;
Y. "Radiographer" means any
				individual who performs, or in attendance personally supervises, industrial
				radiographic operations and who is responsible to the licensee or registrant
				for assuring compliance with the requirements of these regulations and all
				license and/or certificate of registration conditions. This individual must
				meet the training requirements as specified in Subsection B of 20.3.5.11
				NMAC;
Z. "Radiographer
				certification" means written approval received from a certifying entity stating
				that an individual has satisfactorily met certain established radiation safety,
				testing, and experience criteria;
AA. "Radiographer instructor" means any
				radiographer who provides on-the-job training to radiographer trainees in
				accordance with Subsection D of 20.3.5.11 NMAC;
AB. "Radiographer trainee" means any
				individual who, under the personal supervision of a radiographer instructor,
				uses sources of radiation, related handling tools, or radiation survey
				instruments during the course of his instruction;
AC. "Radiographer's assistant" means any
				individual who under the direct supervision of a radiographer, uses
				radiographic exposure devices, sealed sources or related handling tools, or
				radiation survey instruments in industrial radiography;
AD. "Radiographic exposure device" means any
				instrument containing a sealed source fastened or contained therein, in which
				the sealed source or shielding thereof may be moved, or otherwise changed, from
				a shielded to unshielded position for purposes of making a radiographic
				exposure;
AE. "Radiographic
				operations" means all activities performed with a radiographic device, or with
				a radiation machine. These include however are not limited to activities
				associated with the use of the device or machine, or transport (except when
				being transported by a common or contract transport), including surveys to
				confirm the adequacy of boundaries, setting up equipment and any activity
				inside restricted area boundaries;
AF. "Radiographic personnel" means any
				radiographer, radiographer's assistant, radiographer instructor, or
				radiographer trainee;
AG. "Residential location" means any area where structures in
				  which people lodge or live are located, and the grounds on which structures are
				  located including, but not limited to, houses, apartments, condominiums, and
				  garages;
AH. "S-tube" means
				a tube through which the radioactive source travels when inside a radiographic
				exposure device;
AI. "Sealed
				source" means any byproduct material that is encased in a capsule designed to
				prevent leakage or escape of the byproduct material;
AJ. "Shielded position" means the location
				within the radiographic exposure device or source changer where the sealed
				source is secured and restricted from movement;
AK. "Shielded-room radiography" means
				industrial radiography conducted in an enclosed room, the interior of which is
				not occupied during radiographic operations, which is shielded so that
				radiation levels at every location on the exterior meet the limitations
				specified in 20.3.4.406 NMAC;
AL.
				"sievert" (Sv) means the SI unit of any of the quantities expressed as dose
				equivalent. The dose equivalent in sieverts is equal to the absorbed dose in
				grays multiplied by the quality factor (1 Sv = 100 rems);
AM. "Source assembly" means an assembly that
				consists of the sealed source and a connector that attaches the source to the
				control cable. The source assembly may also include a stop ball used to secure
				the source in the shielded position;
AN. "Source changer" means a device designed
				and used for replacement of sealed sources in radiographic exposure devices,
				including those source changers also used for transporting and storage of
				sealed sources;
AO. "Storage area"
				means any location, facility, or vehicle which is used to store, to transport,
				or to secure a radiographic exposure device, a storage container, or a sealed
				source when it is not in use and which is locked or has a physical barrier to
				prevent accidental exposure, tampering with, or unauthorized removal of the
				device, container, or source;
AP.
				"Storage container" means a shielded device in which sealed sources are secured
				and stored;
AQ. "Temporary job
				site" means any location where industrial radiography is performed and where
				licensed material or X-ray machines may be stored other than the location(s)
				listed in a specific license or certificate of registration; and
AR. "Transport container" means a package
				that is designed to provide radiation safety and security when sealed sources
				are transported and which meets all applicable requirements of the U.S.
				Department of Transportation;
AS.
				"Underwater radiography" means industrial radiography performed when the
				radiographic exposure device and/or related equipment are beneath the surface
				of the water.