Ohio Administrative Code › Title 149 - Ohio Historical Society › Chapter 149-1 - General Provisions › Section 149-1-02 - Guidelines for archaeological investigations on public land, archaeological preserves, and sites listed in the state registry of archaeological landmarks

Current through all regulations passed and filed through July 1, 2024
(A) Definitions
(1) "Public land" is land that is owned,
			 controlled, or administered by the state of Ohio or by any political
			 subdivision of the state.
(2)
			 "Archaeological preserve" is a property upon which significant archaeological
			 sites are located and for which the Ohio historical society has accepted
			 articles of dedication pursuant to section
			  149.52 
			 of the Revised Code.
(3) "State
			 registry of archaeological landmarks" is a registry of Ohio's significant
			 archaeological sites that is maintained by the Ohio historical society pursuant
			 to section
			  149.51  of the Revised
			 Code.
(4) "Historic properties"
			 are sites, structures, buildings, places, objects, and districts that meet the
			 criteria of the state registry of archaeological landmarks, the definition of
			 archaeological sites as written in section
			  149.52 
			 of the Revised Code, the state registry of historic landmarks or the national
			 register and which possess archaeological data.
(5) "State registry of historic landmarks" is
			 a registry of Ohio's significant historic and/or architectural buildings,
			 structures, places, and districts that is maintained by the Ohio historical
			 society pursuant to section
			  149.55  of the Revised
			 Code.
(6) "National register"
			 means the national register of historic places, which is a register of
			 districts, sites, buildings, structures, and objects significant in American
			 history, architecture, archaeology, engineering and culture maintained by the
			 secretary of the interior.
(7)
			 "History" comprises the events, patterns, and processes of the human past,
			 including those that have affected literate societies and those that have
			 affected preliterate or nonliterate groups, whose history is sometimes referred
			 to as prehistory.
(8) "Significant
			 data" are data that can be used to answer research questions, including
			 questions of present importance to scholars and questions that may be posed in
			 the future.
(9) "Archaeological
			 data" are embodied in material remains (artifacts, structures, refuse, etc.)
			 produced purposely or accidentally by human beings, and in the spatial
			 relationships among such remains.
(10) "Historical data" are data useful to the
			 study and understanding of human life during the period since the advent of
			 written records in the area of concern. The date of inception of the historic
			 period varies within the United States.
(11) "Prehistoric data" are data useful to
			 the study and understanding of human life during the prehistoric period, i.e.,
			 all time periods prior to substantial contact between the native people of the
			 United States and literate societies. The end point of the prehistoric period
			 varies from area to area within the United States.
(12) "Scientific data" are data provided by
			 disciplines other than archaeology, history, and architecture, that are
			 relevant to an understanding of human life during either historic or
			 prehistoric periods. Ethnographic, biological, geological, ecological,
			 geophysical, and paleontological data, among others, are often important to the
			 understanding of the human past.
(13) "Location and assessment studies" are
			 studies necessary to locate and to evaluate historic properties. All require
			 literary research; if existing data do not permit the adequate location and
			 assessment of historic properties, field inspection will likely be necessary.
(14) "State historic preservation
			 officer" means the person authorized by the governor of Ohio at the request of
			 the secretary of the interior for purposes of implementing the National
			 Historic Preservation Act of 1966,  Public Law 89-655.
(15) "Data recovery" is the systematic
			 retrieval of the scientific, prehistoric, historic, and/or archaeological
			 information that provides an historic property with its research value. Data
			 recovery may include preliminary survey of the affected historic property or
			 properties for purposes of the development of specific plans for research
			 activities, excavation, relocation, preparation of notes and records, and other
			 forms of physical removal of data and the material that contains data,
			 protection of such data and material, analysis of such data and material,
			 preparation of reports on such data and material, and dissemination of reports
			 and other products of the research. Examples of data recovery include
			 archaeological research producing monographs, descriptive and theoretical
			 articles, study collections of artifacts and other materials; architectural or
			 engineering studies resulting in measured drawings, photogrammetry and
			 photography, historic and anthropological studies of recent or living human
			 populations relevant to the understanding of historic properties, and
			 relocation of properties whose data value can best be preserved by so doing.
(16) "Material" means actual
			 objects retrieved from an historic property as part of a data recovery program,
			 including, but not limited to, artifacts, byproducts of human activity such as
			 flakes of stone, fragments of bone, and organic waste of various kinds,
			 architectural materials and details, soil samples, pollen samples, skeletal
			 material, and works of art.
(17)
			 "Principal investigator" means the contractor or person directly responsible
			 for a location and identification, assessment, or data recovery project.
(18) "Research design" is a plan
			 outlining the proposed approach to a location, identification, or data recovery
			 project. Minimally, the design shall spell out relevant research problems,
			 research methods, and some predicted results of the study. Research designs may
			 be modified as the course of research yields new findings.
(19) "Research methods" are procedures and
			 techniques used to record, recover, and/or analyze a body of data such that
			 conclusions may be drawn concerning research problems.
(20) "Research problems" are important
			 questions relevant to anthropology, sociology, geography, history,
			 architectural history, art history, and other disciplines of the sciences and
			 humanities that can potentially be answered by studying historic properties.
			 Scientific, prehistoric, historic and archaeological data are valuable insofar
			 as they apply to the investigation of research problems. Research problems are
			 typically posed as questions about human behavior, thought, or history.
			 Potential answers to such questions, and the ways in which such answers may be
			 contained in the data from specific historic properties are often spelled out
			 in research designs as hypotheses.
(21) "Ohio Archaeological Council" is a
			 private, non-profit organization of professionally competent archaeologists
			 which provides archaeological consultation, aid, and service to citizens and
			 state and federal agencies.