New York Codes, Rules and Regulations › Title 6 - DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION › Chapter V - RESOURCE MANAGEMENT SERVICES › Subchapter E - WATER REGULATION › Part 598 - Handling and Storage of Hazardous Substances › Subpart 598-2 - Underground storage tank systems › Section 598-2.1 - Design, construction, and installation

Current through Register Vol. 46, No. 28, July 10, 2024
(a) Applicability. This Subpart applies to
					 underground tank systems used to store hazardous substances which include a
					 tank of any storage capacity.
(b)
					 Design and equipment requirements for UST systems.
(1) Tank requirements. Tanks must be of
					 sufficient structural strength to withstand normal handling and use.
Tanks must be compatible with the hazardous substance to
						be stored and be protected from or resistant to all forms of internal and
						external wear, vibration, shock and corrosion. Tanks must have a stable
						foundation under all operating conditions and be protected from fire, heat,
						vacuum and pressure which might cause tank failure. If
						fiberglass-reinforced-plastic material is used, the material must be of
						sufficient density and strength to form a hard, impermeable shell which will
						not crack, wick, wear, soften or separate under normal service
						conditions.
Tanks must be designed with a minimum of 30 years of
						useful life unless a shorter useful life is defined in the spill prevention
						report.
(i) Category 1 tank
					 requirements. Every Category 1 tank must have met all tank requirements in
					 accordance with subparagraph (ii) of this paragraph by December 22,
					 1998.
(ii) Category 2 tank
					 requirements. Every tank must meet the following requirements:
('a') Tank design and construction standards.
('1') Except for tanks described in subclause
					 ('2') of this clause, all Category 2 tanks must be designed, constructed, and
					 installed or certified by a qualified engineer or technician in accordance with
					 one of the following:
('i') ULC Standard
					 S603;
('ii') ASTM D4021-92 (see
					 section
					 1.16  of this Part);
					 or
('iii') a code of practice
					 developed by a nationally recognized association or independent testing
					 laboratory and approved by the department.
('2') Tanks installed in an inaccessible area
					 must be designed, constructed, and installed or certified by a qualified
					 engineer or technician in accordance with subclause 3.1(b)(1)(ii)('a')('1') of
					 this Part.
('3') All Category 2
					 tanks, their welds, seams and connecting fittings must be factory tested for
					 tightness using generally accepted engineering practices. All tanks sold in New
					 York State must be guaranteed by the manufacturer to be tight.
('4') Tanks subject to scouring. All tanks
					 subject to scouring by the inflow of hazardous materials or subject to wear
					 from manual gauging must be equipped with wear plates, diffusers, or alternate
					 means to prevent localized wear or corrosion. If wear plates are used, they
					 must cover an area of at least 144 square inches and be installed in a manner
					 which avoids crevice corrosion.
('b') Corrosion protection.
('1') All Category 2 tanks which are in
					 contact with the ground and subject to corrosion must be protected from
					 external corrosion by one of the following:
('i') corrosion resistant materials;
					 or
('ii') a cathodic protection
					 system.
('2') Cathodic
					 protection must consist of one or a combination of the following:
('i') sacrificial anodes and
					 coating;
('ii') impressed current;
					 or
('iii') another method that is
					 designed and installed in accordance with a code of practice (including API
					 1632, ULC-S603.1, or NACE RP-02-85) developed by a nationally recognized
					 association or independent testing laboratory and approved by the
					 department.
('3') The
					 cathodic protection system must be designed and constructed by a qualified
					 engineer or corrosion specialist and must provide a minimum of 30 years of
					 protection against external corrosion. The engineer or specialist must
					 supervise the installation of all field fabricated cathodic protection systems
					 and prefabricated systems where necessary to assure that the system has been
					 installed as designed.
('4') Tanks
					 which are protected with sacrificial anodes must be electrically insulated from
					 the piping if the piping is constructed of a conductive material, unless the
					 cathodic protection system has been designed to protect the entire tank system.
					 Electrical insulation must be provided by dielectric fittings, bushings,
					 washers, sleeves or gaskets which are chemically stable when exposed to the
					 stored substances and soil.
('5')
					 The cathodic protection system must be installed with a monitor or monitoring
					 port that allows for annual review of the adequacy of the cathodic
					 protection.
('6') The tank must be
					 isolated from or protected against stray electric currents which include
					 currents from underground cables, electric machinery, railroad systems and
					 electrical grounding rods.
('7')
					 Tank and piping connections of two dissimilar metals which together create a
					 corrosion inducing galvanic cell are prohibited.
('8') External coatings must be
					 fiberglass-reinforced-plastic, epoxy, or other suitable dielectric material
					 with a minimum thickness of 10 mils after curing. The coating must be factory
					 applied or equivalent, have a coefficient of thermal expansion compatible with
					 that of steel and be firmly bonded to the steel. It must be of sufficient
					 strength and density to form a hard, impermeable shell that will not crack,
					 wick, wear, soften, flake or separate and must be non-corrodible under adverse
					 underground electrolytic conditions. The application of the coating must be in
					 strict accordance with the instructions of the supplier of the coating
					 material.
('9') Coatings must be
					 inspected for air pockets, cracks, blisters, and pinholes, and must be
					 electrically tested for coating short circuits or coating faults. Any defects
					 must be repaired in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions prior to
					 installation.
('c')
					 Secondary containment.
('1') All Category 2
					 tanks must have a secondary containment system. This must consist of one of the
					 following:
('i') a double-walled tank in
					 accordance with subclause ('3') of this clause;
('ii') a vault in accordance with subclause
					 ('4') of this clause;
('iii') a
					 synthetic liner in accordance with subclause ('5') of this clause; or
('iv') another method that is designed and
					 installed in accordance with a code of practice developed by a nationally
					 recognized association or independent testing laboratory and approved by the
					 department.
('2') The
					 secondary containment system must:
('i')
					 contain hazardous substance leaked from the primary containment until it is
					 detected and remediated;
('ii')
					 prevent the release of hazardous substance;
('iii') be designed and constructed with a
					 permeability rate to the substance stored of 1 x 10-6 cm/sec or less;
('iv') be designed, installed and operated to
					 prevent any migration of hazardous substances out of the system to the
					 environment;
('v') allow for
					 detection and collection of spills and accumulated liquids until the collected
					 material is removed;
('vi') be
					 constructed of or lined with materials that are compatible with the hazardous
					 substances to be placed in the tank system. The materials must have sufficient
					 strength and thickness to prevent failure due to pressure, physical contact
					 with the materials to which it is exposed, climatic conditions, and the
					 stresses it is subject to during normal operation; and
('vii') be placed on a foundation or base
					 capable of providing support to the secondary containment system, and
					 preventing failure due to settlement, compression or
					 uplift.
('3') Standards
					 for double-walled tanks. Double-walled tanks must be designed, constructed, and
					 installed in accordance with the following:
('i') the outer wall must contain a spill
					 from any portion of the inner wall and must enclose the entire primary
					 tank;
('ii') the tank must be
					 designed so that monitoring of the interstitial space for tightness can be
					 readily performed;
('iii') the tank
					 must be designed so that a failure of the inner wall can be detected and to
					 allow for the monitoring of leaks as specified in subparagraph 2.3(c)(2)(i) of
					 this Part;
('iv') there must be no
					 penetrations of any kind through the outer wall into the tank, except top entry
					 manholes and fittings required for filling and emptying the tank, venting the
					 tank, or monitoring the tank;
('v')
					 the outer wall must be resistant to punctures and protected from corrosion in a
					 manner consistent with clause ('b') of this subparagraph; and
('vi') the outer wall must be designed to
					 contain an inert gas or liquid at a pressure greater than the maximum internal
					 pressure of the inner wall.
('4') Standards for vaults. Vaults used as
					 secondary containment must be designed, constructed, and installed in
					 accordance with the following:
('i') the
					 vault must be able to contain at least 100 percent of the capacity of the
					 largest tank within its boundary;
('ii') the vault must surround the tank
					 completely (for example, it is capable of preventing lateral as well as
					 vertical migration of the hazardous substances being stored).
('iii') the vault must be liquid-tight,
					 impervious to leakage of hazardous substances, and able to prevent the
					 interference of precipitation and groundwater intrusion;
('vi) the vault must be compatible with the
					 substance in storage, and able to withstand chemical deterioration and
					 structural stresses from internal and external causes;
('v') The vault must be a continuous
					 structure with a chemical resistant water stop used at all joints. There must
					 be no drain connections or other entries through the vault except that there
					 may be top entry manholes and other top openings for filling and emptying the
					 tank, venting and for monitoring and pumping of hazardous substances which may
					 leak into the vault; and
('vi') The
					 tank or tanks within the vault must be supported, backfilled or bedded in a
					 manner consistent with generally acceptable engineering
					 practices.
('5')
					 Standards for synthetic liners. Synthetic liners used as secondary containment
					 must be designed, constructed, and installed in accordance with the following:
('i') the liner must be able to contain at
					 least 100 percent of the capacity of the largest tank within its
					 boundary;
('ii') the liner must
					 surround the tank completely (for example, it is capable of preventing lateral
					 as well as vertical migration of the hazardous substances being
					 stored).
('iii') the liner must be
					 able to prevent the interference of precipitation and groundwater
					 intrusion;
('iv') the liner must be
					 compatible with the substance in storage, be at least 60 mils in thickness and
					 not deteriorate in an underground environment for the life of the tank system.
					 Since some chemicals will readily diffuse through a synthetic liner, the liner
					 used must have been tested and found resistant to diffusion of the substance
					 stored;
('v') the expected useful
					 life of the liner must be specified in the spill prevention report;
('vi') all punctures, tears or inadequate
					 seams in the liner must be repaired in accordance with the manufacturer's
					 instructions prior to backfilling; and
('vii') the liner must be installed with a
					 slope to the sump of at least one quarter of an inch per
					 foot.