New York Codes, Rules and Regulations › Title 10 - DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH › Chapter - APPENDICES › Appendix 14-A

Current through Register Vol. 46, No. 28, July 10, 2024
3-A ACCEPTED PRACTICES FOR PERMANENTLY INSTALLED SANITARY
				PRODUCT-PIPELINES AND CLEANING SYSTEMS
Formulated by International Association of Milk, Food
				and Environmental Sanitarians United States Public Health Service The Dairy
				Industry Committee
.............................................................
It is the purpose of IAMFES, USPHS, and DIC in connection with
				the development of the 3-A Sanitary Standards program to allow and encourage
				full freedom for inventive genius or new developments. Practices for
				permanently installed sanitary product-pipelines and cleaning systems
				heretofore or hereafter developed which so differ in design, material,
				fabrication, or otherwise as not to conform with the following practices, but
				which, in the fabricator's opinion, are equivalent or better may be submitted
				for the joint consideration of IAMFES, USPHS, and DIC at any time.
A.
SCOPE
These 3-A Accepted Practices provide for the installation,
				cleaning, and sanitizing of rigid sanitary pipelines for milk and milk products
				in which the joints are welded or are provided with appropriate sanitary C-I-P
				connections. These 3-A Accepted Practices also include provisions for rigid
				cleaning solution lines and cleaning systems.
B.
DEFINITIONS
(1)
C-I-P Pipelines:
Shall mean rigid
				pipelines which have welded joints or have sanitary cleaned-in-place
				connections or joints of such design as to form a substantially smooth, flush
				interior surface.
(2)
Tungsten Shielded Arc Method:
Shall mean
				electric welding with a tungsten electrode shielded by an inert gas, to produce
				a straight butt fusion weld.
(3)
Product Contact Surfaces:
Shall mean all
				surfaces that are exposed to the product or from which liquids may drain, drop,
				or be drawn into the product.
(4)
Solution Contact Surfaces:
Shall mean the
				interior surfaces of the circuit which are used exclusively for supply and
				re-circulation of cleaning and/or sanitizing solutions.
(5)
Non-Product Contact Surfaces:
Shall mean
				all other exposed surfaces.
C.
MATERIALS
(1) All product contact surfaces shall be of stainless steel of
				the AISI 300 series1 or corresponding
				ACI2 types (See Appendix, Section A.), or equally
				corrosion resistant metal that is non-toxic and non-absorbent or heat resistant
				glass piping, except that rubber or rubber-like materials or plastic materials
				may be used for sealing applications. Paper gaskets shall not be used.
(2) Solution contact surfaces shall be of stainless steel of
				the AISI 300 series1 or corresponding ACI
				2 types (See Appendix, Section A.), or equally
				corrosion resistant metal that is non-toxic and non-absorbent or of heat
				reistant glass piping; provided that plastic or rubber and rubber-like
				materials may be used for sealing applications and short flexible take-down
				jumpers or connectors.
(3) Plastic materials used for sealing applications and
				solution contact surfaces shall conform with the applicable provisions of the
				"3-A Sanitary Standards for Multiple-Use Plastic Materials Used as Product
				Contact Surfaces for Dairy Equipment, Serial #2000."
(4) Rubber and rubber-like materials used for sealing
				applications and solution contact surfaces shall conform with "3-A Sanitary
				Standards for Multiple-Use Rubber and Rubber-Like Materials Used as Product
				Contact Surfaces in Dairy Equipment, Serial #1800."
(5) Lines and fittings for the application of air under
				pressure shall comply with the applicable provisions of "3-A Accepted Practices
				for Supplying Air Under Pressure in Contact With Milk, Milk Products, and
				Product Contact Surfaces," April, 1964, as amended.
D.
FABRICATION
(1) All product contact surfaces of sanitary piping utilized in
				C-I-P systems shall be at least as smooth as a No. 4 mill finish on stainless
				steel sheets. (See Appendix, Section B.)
(2) The finish of solution contact surfaces whether sheet,
				tube, casting, or other shall be equal in cleanability to stainless steel with
				No. 4 finish or No. 2B mill finish, (pit free) as applied to stainless steel
				sheet. Castings for pumps or other appurtenances shall meet at least
				NAS-8233 Cast Surface Comparison Standard surface
				C-50/500, (See Appendix, Section D.) and tooled or polished areas shall be at
				least as smooth as 150 grit properly
(3) Product lines and equipment shall have C-I-P fittings or
				welded joints.
(4) Solution lines and equipment shall have C-I-P fittings or
				welded joints.
(5) Welded joints shall be smooth and free from pits, cracks,
				inclusions, or other defects.
(6) Removable fittings may be used with or without gaskets and
				shall be of such design as to form substantially flush interior joints.
(7) Appurtenances having product contact surfaces shall be
				cleanable, either when in an assembled position or when disassembled. Removable
				parts shall be readily demountable.
(8) All internal angles of 135° or less on product contact
				surfaces shall have minimum radii of 1/4 inch except where smaller radii are
				required for essential functional reasons, such as sealing ring grooves and
				pumps.
(9) All internal angles of 135° or less on solution contact
				surfaces shall have minimum radii of 1/4 inch except where smaller radii are
				required for essential functional reasons, such as for sealing ring grooves and
				in pumps.
(10) All solution contact surfaces shall be cleanable, either
				when in an assembled position or when disassembled. They shall contain no
				pockets or crevices that are not readily cleanable. Removable parts shall be
				readily demountable. Solution system appurtenances shall be accessible for
				inspection to determine freedom from biological, chemical, or physical soil
				contamination.
(11) Non-product contact surfaces shall have a smooth finish,
				be free of pockets and crevices, and be readily cleanable.
E.
INSTALLATION
C-I-P pipeline circuits shall meet the following installation
				criteria:
(1) The C-I-P pipelines together with gaskets, if used, shall
				be supported so that they remain in alignment and position. The support system
				shall be designed so as to preclude electolytic action between support(s) and
				pipeline(s).
(2) Each separate cleaning circuit, including product and
				solution lines, shall be provided with a sufficient number of access points,
				such as valves, fittings, or removable sections to make possible adequate
				inspections and examinations of the interior surfaces.
(3) Relatively horizontal lines shall be self-draining and
				pitched to drain points.
(4) Upon completion of welded pipeline installation and prior
				to use all interior line and weld areas shall be subjected to circulation of
				cleaning solution of 0.5 to 1.0% alkalinity at a minimum of 160°F. for 30
				minutes, followed by an adequate post rinse, followed by circulation of a 0.5%
				minimum and 1% maximum phosphoric or nitric acid solution at 150-180°F. for 10
				minutes to clean all interior surfaces of ferric impurities. This treatment
				shall be followed by an adequate rinse.
F.
LAYOUT AND ENGINEERING REQUIREMENTS
(1) Prior to installation a drawing or equivalent plan shall be
				made available to the regulatory agency by the processor for each installation,
				or subsequent addition or modification, showing each permanent circuit to be
				cleaned, noting thereon the size and length of piping, fittings, pitch, drain
				points, access points, relative elevations, location and specifications of
				circulating unit, and other pertinent facts.
(2) The circulating unit, consisting of a motor driven pump and
				solution tank, shall provide a minimum average solution velocity at any instant
				of not less than five feet per second through each pipe and/or fitting in the
				circuit. In split flow arrangement, pressure differential must be maintained to
				assure the five feet per second minimum flow rate. This operation is to be
				checked by observation and tests. The rate of flow per second through the
				piping of known diameter can be determined from the following table:
3-A ACCEPTED PRACTICES TIME, IN SECONDS, TO DELIVER 10
				GALLONS AT VARIOUS VELOCITIES
Average velocity, feet per second
Nominal Pipe Size
Inside Dimension
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Inches
Sanitary Stainless Steel Pipe
1
0.900
301.2
150.6
100.3
75.3
60.2
50.3
43.1
37.7
33.4
30.1
1-1/2
1.400
124.7
62.4
41.5
31.2
24.9
20.8
17.8
15.6
13.8
12.5
2
1.875
70.1
35.0
23.3
17.5
14.0
11.7
10.0
8.8
7.8
7.0
2-1/2
2.375
43.6
21.8
14.3
10.9
8.8
7.8
6.2
5.5
4.77
4.4
3
2.875
29.8
14.88
9.9
7.4
6.0
5.0
4.3
3.7
3.3
3.0
4
3.814
16.8
8.4
5.6
4.2
3.4
2.8
2.4
2.1
1.85
1.7
Glass Pipe
1
1.157
245.1
122.6
81.6
61.3
49.0
40.9
35.0
30.6
27.2
24.5
1-1/2
1.672
108.9
54.5
36.3
27.2
21.8
18.2
15.6
13.6
12.1
10.9
2
2.172
61.3
30.6
20.4
15.3
12.3
10.2
8.8
7.7
6.8
6.1
3
3.203
27.2
13.6
9.1
6.8
5.4
4.5
3.9
3.4
3.0
2.7
4
4.265
15.3
7.6
5.13
3.83
3.04
2.6
2.2
1.92
1.7
1.52
(3) C-I-P systems shall be designed so that the suction intake
				of the primary circulating pump shall be flooded at all times during the
				cleaning cycle.
(4) Solution temperature shall be automatically controlled by
				the use of a temperature regulator with a response range of ± 5°F.
(5) The system shall be provided with a recording thermometer
				having a scale range of 60° to 180°F. with extension of scale on either side
				permitted: graduated in time scale divisions of not more than 15 minutes.
				Between 110° and 180°F., the chart shall be graduated in temperature divisions
				of not more than 2°F., spaced not less than 1/16 inch apart, and be accurate
				within 2°F. ±. The sensor shall be protected against damage at 212°F. The
				sensing element of the recording thermometer shall be located in the return
				solution line.
(6) All connections between the solution circuit and the
				product circuit shall be so constructed as to positively prevent the comingling
				of the product and solution during processing.
G.
INSTALLATION WELDING REQUIREMENTS
(1) All welding of sanitary product pipelines and solution
				lines shall be made by the Tungsten Shielded Arc Method or another equally
				satisfactory method may be used. The following precautions shall be
				taken.
(a) Inert back-up gas shall be used to protect and control the
				interior of the weld.
(b) The weld surface (interior, face and exterior) shall be
				cleaned and freed of all foreign matter and surface oxide before welding. Iron
				free abrasive shall be used when cleaning surfaces.
(c) All tube and fittings ends shall be square cut and
				deburred.
(d) Welding procedures shall assure uniform and complete
				penetration of weld at all times.
(e) All welds having pits, craters, ridges, or imbedded foreign
				materials shall be removed and the joints shall be properly re-welded.
(f) Internal and external grinding and/or polishing of welds is
				not required.
(g) An acceptable sample weld piece shall be provided at the
				beginning of each day and/or section welding operation or when required.
(h) A boroscope or other acceptable inspection device, to
				inspect representative welds, shall be made available by the processor.
H.
CLEANING AND SANITIZING PROCEDURES
(1) A rinsing, cleaning and santitizing regimen which has been
				demonstrated to be effective shall be employed. Because of the possibilities of
				corrosion, the recommendations of the cleaning compound manufacturer shall be
				followed with respect to the time, temperature, and the concentration of
				specific acid or alkaline solutions and bactericides. To insure proper strength
				of solution and to avoid corrosion, the cleaning compound shall be completely
				dissolved or dispersed prior to circulation. One regimen found to be
				satisfactory is as follows:
(a) Immediately after concluding the day's operations, all
				connections between cleaned-in-place lines and processing equipment which are
				not included in the cleaning circuit shall be removed, the openings capped,
				by-pass connections made, and the lines rinsed thoroughly with tempered water
				(not to exceed 120°F., entering circuit) continuously discarding the rinse
				water near the downstream end of the solution return line until the discarded
				effluent is clear.
(b) All solution and product contact surfaces not cleanable by
				mechanical cleaning procedures shall be cleaned manually.
(c) Circulate an effective detergent solution for a period of
				time at a concentration and temperature capable of effectively removing the
				soil residue in the circuit.
(d) Thoroughly rinse the detergent solution from the
				circuit.
(e) Circulate an acid detergent, when needed, as a supplement
				to the routine circulation. Follow this acid detergent treatment with a
				thorough rinse.
(f) Sanitize all product surfaces with one or a combination of
				the following commonly used methods:
(1) Circulation of water at a minimum temperature of 170°F. (at
				the discharge end) through the circuit for five minutes and drained.
(2) Pumping of an approved chemical sanitizer solution of
				acceptable strength and recommeded temperature through product lines and
				equipment for at least one minute and drained.
(3) Exposure to steam at a temperature of 170°F. (at the
				drainage outlet), for 15 minutes or at a temperature of 200°F. for five
				minutes. (Approved sanitation procedures and related recommendations are
				provided in detail in the Grade "A" Pasteurized Milk Ordinance-1965
				Recommendations of the U.S. Public Health Service.)
(2) Prior to installation, a description of the cleaning
				regimen which has been demonstrated to be effective for each circuit shall be
				made available by the processor.
APPENDIX
				..........................................................................................
A.
STAINLESS STEEL MATERIALS
Stainless steel conforming to the applicable composition ranges
				established by AISI for wrought products, or by ACI for cast products, should
				be considered in compliance with the requirements of section C. (1) herein.
				Where welding is involved the carbon content of the stainless steel should not
				exceed 0.08%. The reference cited in C. (1) sets forth the chemical ranges and
				limits of accpetable stainless steels of the 300 series.
Cast grades of stainless steel equivalent to types 303, 304,
				and 316 are designated CF-16F, CF-8, and CF-8M, respectively. These cast grades
				are covered by ASTM4 specifications A296 and
				A351.
B.
PRODUCT CONTACT SURFACE FINISH
Surface finish equivalent to 150 grit or better as obtained
				with silicon carbide, is considered in compliance with the requirements of
				section D. (1) herein.
C.
TYPES OF WELDS
(1)
Automatic Welds
-A fully automatic weld is
				described as that made by equipment which starts and completes the weld,
				strikes, and controls the arc with no manual adjustment of control during the
				welding cycle and will consistantly make repetitive welds.
(2)
Semi-automatic Weld
-A semi-automatic weld
				is described as that made by equipment which requires manual strike and/or
				control and will consistently make repetitive welds.
(3)
Hand Weld
-A weld in which the positioning
				of the arc is manually controlled.
D.
CAST SURFACES COMPARISON STANDARD
A copy of National Aircraft Standard 823 (NAS823) is appended
				to these practices.
Because the intent of the standard is that it be a visual
				guide, Approximate RMS finishes are shown as references only. The reason for
				establishing a visual standard is to overcome the obvious inadequacy of any
				arithmetical or geometrical measuring system when applied to a surface as
				variable as that found on a casting.
This standard is available from: Aluminum Co. of America, 1145
				Wilshire Boulevard, Los Angeles 17, California.
.. _______
				.....................................................................................
These practices become effective on June 9, 1966 at which time
				the 3-A Suggested Method For The Installation And Cleaning Of Cleaned-In-Place
				Sanitary Milk Pipe Lines For Use In Milk And Milk Products Plants, dated
				March-April, 1953, is rescinded.
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Footnotes
1 The data for this series are contained in the following
				reference: AISI Steel Products Manual, Stainless and Heat Resisting Steels,
				April 1963, Table 2-1, pp. 16-17. Available from: American Iron and Steel
				Institute, 633 3rd Avenue, New York 17, N.Y.
2 Alloy Casting Institute, 300 Madison Ave., New York, New York
				10017.
3 National Aircraft Standard 823.
4 Available from American Society for Testing and Materials,
				916 Race St., Philadelphia 3, Pa.