New Jersey Administrative Code › Title 5 - COMMUNITY AFFAIRS › Chapter 21 - RESIDENTIAL SITE IMPROVEMENT STANDARDS › Subchapter 6 - SANITARY SEWERS › Section 5:21-6.2 - System planning, design, and placement

Current through Register Vol. 56, No. 14, July 15, 2024
(a) The planning,
				design, construction, installation, modification, and operation of any treatment
				works or sanitary sewer system shall be in accordance with the flow and design
				criteria set forth in N.J.A.C. 7:14A-23 and with the applicable NJDEP rules
				implementing the New Jersey Water Pollution Control Act (N.J.S.A.
				58:10A-1 et seq.) and the New Jersey Water Quality
				Planning Act (N.J.S.A. 58:11A-1 et seq.); and, for
				items not covered by NJDEP rules, with ASCE Manual on Engineering Practice No. 60,
				incorporated herein by reference; and, in the Pinelands Area, with the Pinelands
				Comprehensive Management Plan and, in the coastal area, with NJDEP rules
				implementing the Coastal Area Facilities Review Act (N.J.S.A.
				13:19-1 et seq.). Where the NJDEP accepts reduced
				flows, those reduced flows shall also be accepted under these rules.
(b) Sanitary sewer pumping stations shall be
				considered where gravity system design leads to excessive sewer depths which are not
				economically justifiable and shall comply with
				N.J.A.C.
				7:14A-23.10, 11 and 12.
(c) System design and placement shall comply with
				the following specifications:
1. Except where
				otherwise specified by municipality or utility authority, sanitary sewer manholes,
				when located within the municipal right-of-way, shall be at or near the center line
				of the paved cartway, but at a five-foot minimum from the edge of the pavement.
				Sanitary sewer mains shall be a minimum of 10 feet from the right-of-way
				line.
2. Easements shall be in a form
				approved by the utility authority or the municipal engineer and municipal attorney.
				Easements shall be required for all sanitary sewer lines which are not within a
				public right-of-way. Easements shall be a minimum of 20 feet wide for sanitary
				sewers that are not more than 15 feet deep. For sewers that are more than 15 feet
				deep, easements shall be a minimum of 30 feet wide. The depth of the sewer shall be
				measured from the design invert of the pipe to the surface of the proposed final
				grading. Where the easement is located adjacent to a right of way, the municipality
				or authority may approve a narrower easement.
3. Common sewer laterals shall be permitted in
				accordance with the Plumbing Subcode of the Uniform Construction Code (N.J.A.C.
				5:23-3.15 ).
4. All sewers shall be designed to meet the New
				Jersey Department of Environmental Protection's slope standards at
				N.J.A.C.
				7:14A-23.6(b).
5. Except where shallower depths are permitted by
				the municipality or utility authority, sewer lines, including force mains and
				laterals, shall be constructed at least three feet below the proposed grade (as
				measured from the top of the pipe to the grade elevation).
6. Pipe materials used in the construction of
				gravity sanitary sewers shall be reinforced concrete, ductile iron, PVC, corrugated
				polypropylene, or clay pipe. All pipe and appurtenances shall comply with AWWA and
				ASTM standards referenced in this paragraph, which are incorporated herein by
				reference. Where PVC or polypropylene pipe is installed, a metallic locator tape
				shall also be installed in the trench adjacent to the pipe.
i. Reinforced concrete pipe shall be used only in
				sizes 24 inches and larger and shall meet all the requirements of ASTM C76. All pipe
				shall be Class III strength installed with class C ordinary bedding, except in the
				following conditions where stronger pipe may be required:
(1) For depths less than three feet, measured from
				the top of the pipe, installed under traffic areas, Marston Class IV pipe shall be
				required.
(2) The presence of clay
				soils, poor bedding conditions, or other unusual loading conditions shall be given
				special consideration and the developer shall submit an engineering analysis to the
				municipality or authority for approval.
ii. PVC sewer pipe shall have bell and spigot ends
				and O-ring rubber gasketed joints. PVC pipe and fittings shall conform to ASTM
				D3034, with a minimum wall thickness designation of SDR 35 or shall conform to ASTM
				F679, F789, F794, or F949 with a designated pipe stiffness of PS-46.
(1) The plastic material from which the pipe and
				fittings are extruded shall be impact types of PVC, unplasticized, having high
				mechanical strength and maximum chemical resistance conforming to Type 1, Grade 1 of
				the specification for rigid polyvinyl chloride compounds, ASTM D1784.
(2) Pipe shall be free from defects, such as
				bubbles or other imperfections, in accordance with accepted commercial practice.
				Test results demonstrating that the pipe meets ASTM D2444 for impact and ASTM D2321
				for deflection and pipe stiffness, shall be provided when requested by the
				municipality or utility authority.
(3)
				Joints shall conform to ASTM D3212. Rubber ring gaskets shall conform to ASTM F477.
				The gasket shall be the sole element depended upon to make the joint
				watertight.
(4) The pipe shall be
				installed as specified in ASTM D2321 and as specified in Figure 6.1. If used in
				unstable soil or areas of excessive ground water, the designer will take special
				precautions, such as poured concrete slabs.
(5) Bedding, haunching and initial backfill
				material shall be placed in six-inch lifts and be Class IA, IB, or II embedment
				material conforming with ASTM D2321, unless otherwise approved in writing by the
				municipal or utility authority engineer. Soil aggregate I-8 conforming to Article
				901.09, Table 901-2 of the New Jersey Department of Transportation's Standard
				Specifications for Road and Bridge Construction when compacted to 95 percent maximum
				dry density, and stone crushing conforming with AASHTO designation M43-88 (ASTM
				designation D448) size no. 8, 1/8 inch to 3/8 inch (2.36 mm to 9.25 mm) meet this
				requirement. All material shall be clean and free flowing and shall meet all ASTM
				C33 specifications for quality and soundness.
iii. Ductile iron pipe shall be centrifugally cast
				in metal or sand-lined molds to ANSI/AWWA C151/A21.51. Joints shall be rubber
				gasketed joints that conform to ANSI/AWWA C111/A21.11 or flanged joints that comply
				with ANSI/AWWA C115/A21.15. Pipe shall be a minimum of Class 50. The outside of the
				pipe shall be coated with a uniform thickness of hot applied asphaltic coating. In
				corrosive soils, pipe shall be encased in polyethylene in accordance with ANSI/AWWA
				C105/A21.5. Ductile iron pipe shall be installed with Class C, Ordinary Bedding,
				when site conditions allow. The inside shall be lined with cement in accordance with
				ANSI/AWWA C104/A21.4 or, where hydrogen sulfide is present, ductile iron pipe with
				polyethylene coating that protects the interior of the pipe shall be used.
iv. Clay pipe shall comply with ASTM
				C700.
v. Corrugated polypropylene
				sanitary sewer pipe shall have bell and spigot ends and O-ring rubber, gasket
				joints. Polypropylene pipe and fittings shall conform to ASTM F2764 or ASTM F2736,
				incorporated herein by reference, depending on size. Polypropylene pipe 12 to 60
				inches shall meet or exceed the designated pipe stiffness of PS-46 when tested in
				accordance with ASTM D2412, Standard Test Method for Determination of External
				Loading Characteristics of Plastic Pipe by Parallel-Plate Loading, incorporated
				herein by reference.
(1) Plastic material shall
				conform to ASTM D4101, Standard Specification for Polypropylene Injection and
				Extrusion Materials, incorporated herein by reference.
(2) Joints shall conform to ASTM D-3212, Standard
				Specification for Joints for Drain and Sewer Plastic Pipe Using Flexible Elastomeric
				Seals. Rubber ring gaskets must meet ASTM F477, Standard Specification for
				Elastomeric Seals (Gaskets) for Joining Plastic Pipe.
(3) Installation shall be in accordance with ASTM
				2321, Standard Specification for Underground Installation of Thermoplastic Pipe for
				Sewers and Other Gravity-Flow Applications. Generally, plastic pipe should not be
				used in conditions that expose it to constant hydrostatic pressure. If used in
				unstable soil or areas of excessive groundwater, the designer will take special
				precautions, such as poured concrete slabs.
(4) Bedding, haunching, and initial backfill
				material shall be placed in six-inch lifts and be Class IA, IB, or II embedment
				material conforming with ASTM D2321, unless otherwise approved by the municipal or
				utility authority engineer. Soil aggregate I-8 conforming to Article 901.09, Table
				901-2 of the New Jersey Department of Transportation's Standard Specifications for
				Road and Bridge Construction when compacted to 95 percent maximum dry density, and
				stone crushing conforming with AASHTO designation M43-88 (ASTM designation D448)
				size no. 8, 1/8 inch to 3/8 inch (2.36 mm to 9.25 mm) meet this requirement. All
				material shall be clean and free flowing, and shall meet all ASTM C33 specifications
				for quality and soundness.
7. Inverted siphons and outfalls shall be
				constructed of ductile iron pipe or PVC pipe, as specified above. Inverted siphons
				shall consist of a minimum of two pipes with provisions for flushing. Flow control
				gates shall be provided in the chambers.
8. Force mains shall be designed in accordance
				with the requirements of N.J.A.C. 7:14A-23. Force mains shall be constructed of
				ductile iron pipe, as specified above, or PVC pipe that meets ASTM D1785, ASTM D2241
				or AWWA C909. Where PVC pipe is installed, a metallic locator tape also shall be
				installed in the trench adjacent to the pipe.
9. In addition to the pipe materials at
				N.J.A.C.
				7:14A-23.6(b)5, PVC pipe shall be
				considered a suitable material.
10. For
				other than PVC pipe, pipe and manhole bedding shall be provided as specified in
				"Gravity Sanitary Sewer Design and Construction, ASCE Manual and Reports on
				Engineering Practice No. 60," prepared by the Joint Task Force of the American
				Society of Civil Engineers and Water Pollution Control Federation, New York, 1969.
				Any pipe material not covered by this manual shall be installed in accordance with
				the manufacturer's recommendations.
i. The
				municipality or the authority may require the developer to provide an opinion of a
				professional engineer regarding the suitability of the on-site material to be used
				as backfill. The municipality or authority shall rely on this opinion.
ii. Where the on-site material is deemed suitable,
				the opinion shall specify the appropriate installation methods for the material.
				Where the on-site material is deemed not suitable, the opinion shall specify
				modification or replacement of the material and the appropriate installation methods
				for the specified material.
11. Manholes shall comply with the standards in
				ASCE Manual on Engineering Practice No. 60, and shall meet the following
				requirements:
i. Manholes shall be precast concrete
				or concrete block. Manhole barrels shall be a minimum of four feet in diameter when
				serving sewers 24 inches or less in diameter, and shall be a minimum of five feet in
				diameter when serving sewers greater than 24 inches in diameter. Where manholes are
				precast, the base and first section shall be monolithically cast. Concrete block
				shall be coated with two coats of Portland cement mortar. Precast concrete or
				concrete block shall be sealed with two coats of an acceptable waterproofing tar,
				asphalt, or polyplastic alloy, with enough time allowed between the seal coats to
				bond.
ii. Masonry brick, concrete block,
				or half rings may be used to make vertical adjustments to rims.
iii. Where pipe size varies, crowns of pipes shall
				be matched, except in special conditions, as required by applicable NJDEP
				rules.
iv. If precast manhole barrels
				and cones are used, they shall conform to ASTM C478, with round rubber gasketed
				joints conforming to ASTM C443. Maximum absorption shall be nine percent, in
				accordance with ASTM C478, method A. Cracked manholes shall not be used. The top
				riser section of precast manholes shall terminate less than 18 inches below the
				finished grade to provide for proper adjustment.
v. Manhole frames and covers shall be of cast iron
				conforming to ASTM A48, Class 30 or ductile iron conforming to ASTM 536, and shall
				be suitable for H-20 loading capacity. All manhole covers in unpaved rights-of-way
				or in remote areas shall be provided with a locking device, as specified by the
				municipality or utility authority. The words " SANITARY SEWER" shall be cast
				integrally into the manhole cover.
vi.
				Manholes shall be supplied with flexible, watertight adapters, such as inserts or
				gaskets, conforming to ASTM C923 and suitable for the pipe materials used.
vii. Masonry units shall conform to the following
				requirements:
(1) Clay or shale brick shall conform
				to AASHTO M114, grade MW, with the following modifications:
(A) The length of the brick shall be not less than
				7.75 inches and shall be not more than 8.25 inches. The width of the brick shall be
				not less than 3.50 inches and not more than 3.88 inches. The depth of the brick
				shall be not less than 2.10 inches and not more than 2.38 inches.
(B) The maximum water absorption, by five hour
				boiling, shall be 14 percent based on the average of five bricks, and shall be 16
				percent for individual bricks.
(2) Concrete block shall be solid, precast
				segmental concrete masonry units. Portland cement shall conform to ASTM C150.
				Concrete block shall conform to the following dimensional requirements:
(A) The blocks shall be either rectangular in
				shape, or shall be curved blocks with the inside and outside surfaces curved to the
				required radii, whichever is appropriate to the shape of the structure. The length
				shall be not less than 12 inches and not more than 18 inches. The height shall be
				not less than five inches and not more than eight inches. The width shall be not
				less than eight inches. Blocks of special shapes and heights may be used to allow
				for the reduction of cross sectional area at the cones or tops of manholes, or may
				be used in the top courses of all structures so that the head castings shall be set
				at the required elevation on a mortar bed not more than one-half inch thick without
				cutting the blocks. All blocks shall have an interlocking-type joint at the ends, so
				as to form a strong, rigid structure. All blocks shall be sound and free from all
				cracks or other defects.
(3)
				Concrete brick shall conform to the requirements of vii(2)(A) above except that the
				dimensions shall conform to the requirements for clay or shale brick in vii(1)(A)
				above.
12.
				Laterals and cleanouts shall comply with the following:
i. The house connection or lateral from the street
				main to the cleanout shall be considered an integral part of the sanitary sewer
				system. The type of material used for the house connection shall be as follows:
				four-inch cast iron soil pipe, extra heavy; four-inch PVC pipe, Schedule 40 or SDR
				35; four-inch ABS plastic pipe, SDR 35; or four-inch ductile iron pipe. Common
				laterals for multifamily units shall be designed to have adequate conveyance
				capacity.
ii. Wye connections shall be
				the same material as the sewer main. Saddles shall be used only for connection to an
				existing main.
iii. Bends in house
				connection lines shall be made using standard fittings. A riser with a cleanout
				shall be provided in the lateral between the edge of the pavement and property line
				or within a designated easement as determined by the municipality.
iv. Inspection cleanouts or observation tees
				within the easement or right-of-way shall be fitted with either a metallic cap or a
				nonmetal cap fitted with a metallic plug that is suitable for locating the cleanout.
				Caps shall have a depressed or inverted nut. The inspection cleanout or observation
				tee shall be placed between the curb or edge of pavement and property line or within
				a designated easement.
v. Connections
				beyond the cleanout are under the jurisdiction of the Plumbing Subcode of the
				Uniform Construction Code (N.J.A.C. 5:23-3.15 )
				through the Plumbing Subcode official. The pipe size and specifications shall comply
				with the regulations and requirements of the Plumbing Subcode of the Uniform
				Construction Code.
vi. As-built drawings
				that include the location of plumbing wyes, as supplied by the contractor, shall be
				submitted to the municipal engineer.
Data in
				  image