Nebraska Administrative Code › Topic - ENVIRONMENT AND ENERGY › Title 128 - DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY › Chapter 20c - STANDARDS FOR UNIVERSAL WASTE MANAGEMENT › Section 128-20c-010 - Treatment standards expressed as specified technologies

Current through June 17, 2024
010.01 The wastes in Table 9, Treatment
  Standards for Hazardous Wastes, of this Title, for which standards are
  expressed as a treatment method rather than a concentration level, must be
  treated using the technology or technologies specified in Table 10, Technology
  Codes and Description of Technology-Based Standards, of this Title.
Table 10 - Technology Codes and Description of Technology-Based
	 Standards
Technology code
Description of technology-based standards
ADGAS:
Venting of compressed gases into an absorbing or reacting
				  media (i.e., solid or liquid)-venting can be accomplished through physical
				  release utilizing valves/piping; physical penetration of the container; and/or
				  penetration through detonation.
AMLGM:
Amalgamation of liquid, elemental mercury contaminated with
				  radioactive materials utilizing inorganic reagents such as copper, zinc,
				  nickel, gold, and sulfur that result in a nonliquid, semi-solid amalgam and
				  thereby reducing potential emissions of elemental mercury vapors to the
				  air.
BIODG:
Biodegradation of organics or non-metallic inorganics (i.e.,
				  degradable inorganics that contain the elements of phosphorus, nitrogen, and
				  sulfur) in units operated under either aerobic or anaerobic conditions such
				  that a surrogate compound or indicator parameter has been substantially reduced
				  in concentration in the residuals (e.g., Total Organic Carbon can often be used
				  as an indicator parameter for the biodegradation of many organic constituents
				  that cannot be directly analyzed in wastewater residues).
CARBN:
Carbon adsorption (granulated or powdered) of non-metallic
				  inorganics, organo-metallics, and/or organic constituents, operated such that a
				  surrogate compound or indicator parameter has not undergone breakthrough (e.g.,
				  Total Organic Carbon can often be used as an indicator parameter for the
				  adsorption of many organic constituents that cannot be directly analyzed in
				  wastewater residues). Breakthrough occurs when the carbon has become saturated
				  with the constituent (or indicator parameter) and substantial change in
				  adsorption rate associated with that constituent occurs.
CHOXD:
Chemical or electrolytic oxidation utilizing the following
				  oxidation reagents (or waste reagents) or combinations of reagents: (1)
				  Hypochlorite (e.g. bleach); (2) chlorine; (3) chlorine dioxide; (4) ozone or UV
				  (ultraviolet light) assisted ozone; (5) peroxides; (6) persulfates; (7)
				  perchlorates; (8) permangantes; and/or (9) other oxidizing reagents of
				  equivalent efficiency, performed in units operated such that a surrogate
				  compound or indicator parameter has been substantially reduced in concentration
				  in the residuals (e.g., Total Organic Carbon can often be used as an indicator
				  parameter for the oxidation of many organic constituents that cannot be
				  directly analyzed in wastewater residues). Chemical oxidation specifically
				  includes what is commonly referred to as alkaline chlorination.
CHRED:
Chemical reduction utilizing the following reducing reagents
				  (or waste reagents) or combinations of reagents: (1) Sulfur dioxide; (2)
				  sodium, potassium, or alkali salts or sulfites, bisulfites, metabisulfites, and
				  polyethylene glycols (e.g., NaPEG and KPEG); (3) sodium hydrosulfide; (4)
				  ferrous salts; and/or (5) other reducing reagents of equivalent efficiency,
				  performed in units operated such that a surrogate compound or indicator
				  parameter has been substantially reduced in concentration in the residuals
				  (e.g., Total Organic Halogens can often be used as an indicator parameter for
				  the reduction of many halogenated organic constituents that cannot be directly
				  analyzed in wastewater residues). Chemical reduction is commonly used for the
				  reduction of hexavalent chromium to the trivalent state.
CMBST:
High temperature organic destruction technologies, such as
				  combustion in incinerators, boilers, or industrial furnaces operated in
				  accordance with the applicable requirements of Chapter 21,
015
or Chapter 22,
015
or
				  Chapter 7,
008
and in other units operated in
				  accordance with applicable technical operating requirements; and certain
				  non-combustive technologies, such as the Catalytic Extraction Process.
DEACT:
Deactivation to remove the hazardous characteristics of a
				  waste due to its ignitability, corrosivity, and/or reactivity.
FSUBS:
Fuel substitution in units operated in accordance with
				  applicable technical operating requirements.
HLVIT:
Vitrification of high level mixed radioactive wastes in units
				  in compliance with all applicable radioactive protection requirements under
				  control of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission.
IMERC:
Incineration of wastes containing organics and mercury in
				  units operated in accordance with the technical operating requirements of
				  Chapter 21,
015
and Chapter 22,
015
. All wastewater and nonwastewater residues derived
				  from this process must then comply with the corresponding treatment standards
				  per waste code with consideration of any applicable subcategories (e.g., High
				  or Low Mercury Subcategories).
INCIN:
Incineration in units operated in accordance with the
				  technical operating requirements of Chapter 21,
015
and Chapter 22,
015
.
LLEXT:
Liquid-liquid extraction (often referred to as solvent
				  extraction) of organics from liquid wastes into an immiscible solvent for which
				  the hazardous constituents have a greater solvent affinity, resulting in an
				  extract high in organics that must undergo either incineration, reuse as a
				  fuel, or other recovery/reuse and a raffinate (extracted liquid waste)
				  proportionately low in organics that must undergo further treatment as
				  specified in the standard.
MACRO:
Macroencapsulation with surface coating materials such as
				  polymeric organics (e.g. resins and plastics) or with a jacket of inert
				  inorganic materials to substantially reduce surface exposure to potential
				  leaching media. Macroencapsulation specifically does not include any material
				  that would be classified as a tank or container according to Chapter 1.
NEUTR:
Neutralization with the following reagents (or waste
				  reagents) or combinations of reagents: (1) Acids; (2) bases; or (3) water
				  (including wastewaters) resulting in a pH greater than 2 but less than 12.5 as
				  measured in the aqueous residuals.
NLDBR:
No land disposal based on recycling.
POLYM:
Formation of complex high-molecular weight solids through
				  polymerization of monomers in high-TOC D001 non-wastewaters which are chemical
				  components in the manufacture of plastics.
PRECP:
Chemical precipitation of metals and other inorganics as
				  insoluble precipitates of oxides, hydroxides, carbonates, sulfides, sulfates,
				  chlorides, flourides, or phosphates. The following reagents (or waste reagents)
				  are typically used alone or in combination: (1) Lime (i.e., containing oxides
				  and/or hydroxides of calcium and/or magnesium; (2) caustic (i.e., sodium and/or
				  potassium hydroxides; (3) soda ash (i.e., sodium carbonate); (4) sodium
				  sulfide; (5) ferric sulfate or ferric chloride; (6) alum; or (7) sodium
				  sulfate. Additional floculating, coagulation or similar reagents/processes that
				  enhance sludge dewatering characteristics are not precluded from use.
RBERY:
Thermal recovery of Beryllium.
RCGAS:
Recovery/reuse of compressed gases including techniques such
				  as reprocessing of the gases for reuse/resale; filtering/adsorption of
				  impurities; remixing for direct reuse or resale; and use of the gas as a fuel
				  source.
RCORR:
Recovery of acids or bases utilizing one or more of the
				  following recovery technologies: (1) Distillation (i.e., thermal
				  concentration); (2) ion exchange; (3) resin or solid adsorption; (4) reverse
				  osmosis; and/or (5) incineration for the recovery of acid-Note: this does not
				  preclude the use of other physical phase separation or concentration techniques
				  such as decantation, filtration (including ultrafiltration), and
				  centrifugation, when used in conjunction with the above listed recovery
				  technologies.
RLEAD:
Thermal recovery of lead in secondary lead smelters.
RMERC:
Retorting or roasting in a thermal processing unit capable of
				  volatilizing mercury and subsequently condensing the volatilized mercury for
				  recovery. The retorting or roasting unit (or facility) must be subject to one
				  or more of the following: (a) a National Emissions Standard for Hazardous Air
				  Pollutants (NESHAP) for mercury; (b) a Best Available Control Technology (BACT)
				  or a Lowest Achievable Emission Rate (LAER) standard for mercury imposed
				  pursuant to a Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) permit; or (c) a
				  state permit that establishes emission limitations (within meaning of Section
				  302 of the Clean Air Act) for mercury. All wastewater and nonwastewater
				  residues derived from this process must then comply with the corresponding
				  treatment standards per waste code with consideration of any applicable
				  subcategories (e.g., High or Low Mercury Subcategories).
RMETL:
Recovery of metals or inorganics utilizing one or more of the
				  following direct physical/removal technologies: (1) Ion exchange; (2) resin or
				  solid (i.e., zeolites) adsorption; (3) reverse osmosis; (4) chelation/solvent
				  extraction; (5) freeze crystalization; (6) ultrafiltration and/or (7) simple
				  precipitation (i.e., crystalization) - Note: This does not preclude the use of
				  other physical phase separation or concentration techniques such as
				  decantation, filtration (including ultrafiltration), and centrifugation, when
				  used in conjunction with the above listed recovery technologies.
RORGS:
Recovery of organics utilizing one or more of the following
				  technologies: (1) Distillation; (2) thin film evaporation; (3) steam stripping;
				  (4) carbon adsorption; (5) critical fluid extraction; (6) liquid-liquid
				  extraction; (7) precipitation/crystalization (including freeze
				  crystallization); or (8) chemical phase separation techniques (i.e., addition
				  of acids, bases, demulsifiers, or similar chemicals); - Note: this does not
				  preclude the use of other physical phase separation techniques such as a
				  decantation, filtration (including ultrafiltration), and centrifugation, when
				  used in conjunction with the above listed recovery technologies.
RTHRM:
Thermal recovery of metals or inorganics from nonwastewaters
				  in units identified as industrial furnaces according to Chapter 1,
069.1
,
069.06
,
069.07
,
069.11
and
069.12
under the definition of "industrial
				  furnaces".
RZINC:
Resmelting in high temperature metal recovery units for the
				  purpose of recovery of zinc.
STABL:
Stabilization with the following reagents (or waste reagents)
				  or combinations of reagents: (1) Portland cement; or (2) lime/pozzolans (e.g.,
				  fly ash and cement kiln dust) - this does not preclude the addition of reagents
				  (e.g., iron salts, silicates, and clays) designed to enhance the set/cure time
				  and/or compressive strength, or to overall reduce the leachability of the metal
				  or inorganic.
SSTRP:
Steam stripping of organics from liquid wastes utilizing
				  direct application of steam to the wastes operated such that liquid and vapor
				  flow rates, as well as, temperature and pressure ranges have been optimized,
				  monitored, and maintained. These operating parameters are dependent upon the
				  design parameters of the unit such as, the number of separation stages and the
				  internal column design. Thus, resulting in a condensed extract high in organics
				  that must undergo either incineration, reuse as a fuel, or other recovery/reuse
				  and an extracted wastewater that must undergo further treatment as specified in
				  the standard.
WETOX:
Wet air oxidation performed in units operated such that a
				  surrogate compound or indicator parameter has been substantially reduced in
				  concentration in the residuals (e.g., Total Organic Carbon can often be used as
				  an indicator parameter for the oxidation of many organic constituents that
				  cannot be directly analyzed in wastewater residues).
WTRRX:
Controlled reaction with water for highly reactive inorganic
				  or organic chemicals with precautionary controls for protection of workers from
				  potential violent reactions as well as precautionary controls for potential
				  emissions of toxic/ignitable levels of gases released during the
				  reaction.
Note 1: When a combination of these technologies (i.e., a treatment
	 train) is specified as a single treatment standard, the order of application is
	 specified in Table 10, Technology codes and Description of Technology-Based
	 Standards, of this Title, by indicating the five letter technology code that
	 must be applied first, then the designation "fb." (an abbreviation for
	 "followed by"), then the five letter technology code for the technology that
	 must be applied next, and so on.
Note 2: When more than one technology (or treatment train) are
	 specified as alternative treatment standards, the five letter technology codes
	 (or the treatment trains) are separated by a semicolon (;) with the last
	 technology preceded by the word "OR". This indicates that any one of these BDAT
	 technologies or treatment trains can be used for compliance with the
	 standard.
010.02 As an
  alternative to the otherwise applicable treatment standards in Sections
009
through
012
, lab packs
  are eligible for land disposal provided the following requirements are met:
010.02A The lab packs comply with the
  applicable provisions of
  40
  CFR 264.316 and 40 CFR 265.316, as
  incorporated by reference in Chapter 21,
014
and
  Chapter 22,
014
, respectively;
010.02B The lab pack does not contain any of
  the wastes listed in 40 CFR Appendix IV, as incorporated by reference in
  Section
016
.
010.02C The lab packs are incinerated in
  accordance with the requirements of Chapter 21,
015
or
  Chapter 22,
015
; and
010.02D Any incinerator residues from lab
  packs containing D004, D005, D006, D007, D008, D010, and D011 are treated in
  compliance with the applicable treatment standards specified for such wastes in
  Sections
009
through
012
.