New Jersey Administrative Code › Title 7 - ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION › Chapter 18 - REGULATIONS GOVERNING THE CERTIFICATION OF LABORATORIES AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEASUREMENTS › Subchapter 1 - GENERAL PROVISIONS › Section 7:18-1.7 - Definitions

Current through Register Vol. 56, No. 14, July 15, 2024
The following words and terms, when used in this chapter,
				  shall have the following meanings. If a definition in this section differs from
				  the corresponding definition in any regulation or other document incorporated
				  by reference under
7:18-1.5
,
				  the definition in the document incorporated by reference shall control.
"Acceptably analyze" means to analyze a sample in a manner
				  that satisfies the requirements of
				  7:18-2.13(j).
"Acclimation" means, for acute toxicity testing, an
				  organism's physiological adjustment to environmental changes including, but not
				  limited to, changes in temperature and salinity.
"Accreditation" means the process by which an agency or
				  organization evaluates and recognizes a laboratory as meeting certain
				  predetermined qualifications or standards, thereby accrediting the laboratory.
				  In the context of the National Environmental Laboratory Accreditation Program
				  (NELAP), this process is a voluntary one.
"Accreditation body" means the agency or department
				  designated at the territory, state, or Federal levels as the recognized
				  authority with responsibility for granting TNI accreditation for a specified
				  field of testing.
"Accredited" means having the approval conferred upon
				  schools, institutions, or programs where appropriate by a nationally recognized
				  regional accrediting agency or association as determined by either the United
				  States Secretary of Education, State Commissioner of Education, or State
				  Chancellor of Higher Education.
"Accrediting authority" means the territorial, state or
				  Federal agency having responsibility and accountability for environmental
				  laboratory accreditation and which grants accreditation.
"ACPL" means Annual Certified Parameter List and is a list
				  that is sent annually to a certified environmental laboratory showing the
				  regulatory programs, analytical techniques, method references and corresponding
				  methods, specific parameters or group thereof for which the laboratory is
				  certified to analyze regulatory samples.
"Acute MCL violation" means any violation of the maximum
				  contaminant level (MCL) for any parameter specified by the State as posing an
				  acute risk to human health including the presence of fecal coliform or E. coli,
				  and nitrate ([GREATER THAN]10mg/L), nitrite ([GREATER THAN]one mg/L) or
				  nitrate/nitrite ([GREATER THAN]10mg/L).
"Acute toxicity" means, for acute toxicity testing, a lethal
				  or adverse sublethal effect to an organism exposed to a toxic substance for no
				  more than 96 hours.
"Acute toxicity testing" means the standardized procedures
				  for determining the quantitative lethal or sublethal effects of a toxic
				  substance on an organism.
"Affiliate" means, with respect to any individual or entity,
				  another individual or entity who has a controlling interest in such individual
				  or entity; in whom such individual or entity has a controlling interest; or who
				  is under common control with such individual or entity.
"Air sampling train" means an air sampling device consisting
				  of an intake nozzle, filters, a series of impingers, valves, sampling pump,
				  vacuum gauge, temperature sensor, and flow sensor.
"Alternate Test Procedure (ATP)" means a procedure
				  that:
1. Is a modification of an approved reference method or a
				  procedure that uses the same determinative technique (for example, the physical
				  and/or chemical process used to determine the identity and concentration of an
				  analyte) and measures the same analyte(s) of interest as the approved reference
				  method. The use of a different determinative technique to measure the same
				  analyte(s) of interest as an approved reference method is considered a new
				  method; or
2. Is a method not listed as a DSAM for the monitoring of one
				  or more parameters of interest for the Safe Drinking Water Act, New Jersey
				  Pollutant Discharge Elimination System, New Jersey Spill Compensation Act, New
				  Jersey Solid Waste Management Act, Industrial Site Recovery Act, and New Jersey
				  Underground Storage Tanks Program.
"Analytical reagent (AR) grade," "ACS reagent grade" and
				  "reagent grade" mean reagents that conform to the current specifications of the
				  Committee on Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society.
"Analyze-immediately parameter" means a parameter for which
				  analysis must be performed within 15 minutes after the sample is collected.
				  Examples of analyze-immediately parameters include chlorine dioxide, dissolved
				  oxygen with probe, pH, ozone, residual chlorine, sulfite and
				  temperature.
"ANSP-Goulden" means the publication entitled "Daphnia
				  Bioassay Workshop," Dr. Clyde Goulden and Ms. Linda Henry; The Academy of
				  Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Division of Limnology and Ecology. This
				  reference is a source for daphnid culturing and testing techniques used in
				  N.J.A.C. 7:18-7, Toxicity Testing.
"Applicant" means a laboratory applying to the Department to
				  become a certified environmental laboratory.
"Arochlor" or "Aroclor" means the trade name for a series of
				  commercial polychlorinated biphenyl and terphenyl mixtures, often termed PCBs
				  or polychlorinated biphenyls.
"ASTM D1193-91" means, for chemical testing, "Standard
				  Specifications for Reagent Water," D1193-91 (and later revisions), American
				  Society for Testing and Materials.
"ASTM D 4229-84" means "Standard Practice for Conducting
				  Static Acute Toxicity Tests on Waste-waters with Daphnia," D 4229-84, American
				  Society for Testing and Materials. This reference method is a source of daphnid
				  culturing and testing techniques used in N.J.A.C. 7:18-7, Toxicity
				  Testing.
"ASTM E 724-80" means "Standard Practice for Conducting
				  Static Acute Toxicity Tests with Larvae of Four Species of Bivalve Molluscs," E
				  724-80; American Society for Testing and Materials. This reference method is a
				  source for standardized culturing and testing techniques in N.J.A.C. 7:18-7,
				  Toxicity Testing.
"ASTM E 729-80" means "Standard Practice for Conducting Acute
				  Toxicity Tests With Fishes, Macroinvertebrates, and Amphibians," E 729-80,
				  American Society for Testing and Materials. This reference method is a source
				  for standardized culturing and testing techniques in N.J.A.C. 7:18-7, Toxicity
				  Testing.
"ASTM-31" means Annual Book of the American Society for
				  Testing and Materials, Part 31.
"Asymptotic LC[50]" means, for acute toxicity testing, the
				  toxicant concentration at which the LC[50], the lethal concentration at which
				  50 percent death of the test organisms occurs during an acute toxicity test,
				  becomes a constant for a prolonged exposure time.
"Authorized measurement protocols" for radon/radon
				  progeny-in-air means the DSAMs for Category RA1, radon/radon progeny-in-air,
				  which are the approved methods for use by a certified laboratory when
				  performing radon/radon progeny-in-air analysis. These DSAMs include the "Indoor
				  Radon and Radon Decay Product Measurement Device Protocols," USEPA 402-R-92-004
				  and the "Interim Protocols for Screening and Follow-up Radon and Radon/Decay
				  Product Measurements," USEPA 520/l-86-0l4.
"Authorized proficiency program" or "APP" means the USEPA
				  Radon/Radon Progeny Measurement Proficiency Program, Eastern Environmental
				  Radiation Facility, Montgomery, Alabama 36109, or other program authorized by
				  the Department in writing as being equally stringent. The APP provides the
				  Department with a laboratory's radon/radon progeny results of PT samples. The
				  Department uses the laboratory's results and the expected acceptable limits to
				  partially assess its analytical performance. Pursuant to
N.J.A.C.
				  7:18-2.13
, successful analysis of radon/radon progeny PT samples is
				  necessary for obtaining and maintaining radon/radon progeny-in-air
				  certification.
"Authorized representative" means a person other than an
				  employee of a certified laboratory from which a certified laboratory accepts
				  drinking water well samples and also accepts responsibility for such samples in
				  accordance with the requirements of
				  7:18-9.1(c).
"Bioassay" means, for acute toxicity testing, a determination
				  of the concentration or dose of a given material necessary to cause a specific
				  response in a test organism under stated conditions. Bioassay refers to an
				  acute toxicity test.
"Biomonitoring" means, for acute toxicity testing, all test
				  methods that utilize a biological system, or any of its parts, to assess the
				  presence or effects of one or more pollutants and/or environmental factors,
				  either alone or in combination.
"Bureau" means one of the management units of the
				  Department.
"Category" means one of the assigned designations that
				  includes groups of parameters, their techniques of analysis, method references,
				  and corresponding approved methods, for which certification is offered.
"CERCLA (CLP) Program" or "Contract Laboratory Program" means
				  the USEPA contract program for the procurement of analytical data in support of
				  its CERCLA program and the six Categories for which a laboratory may obtain
				  certification from the Department for its CERCLA programs.
"Certification" means a laboratory's status as a certified
				  environmental laboratory, or the document issued by the Department pursuant to
				  7:18-2.6, evidencing that
				  status.
"Certification of Radon Testers and Mitigators" means
				  N.J.A.C. 7:28-27.
"Certification year" means a one-year period beginning on
				  July 1 of one year and ending on June 30 of the following year. A particular
				  certification year is identified by the calendar year in which it ends. For
				  example, certification year 1996 is the certification year ending on June 30,
				  1996.
"Certified environmental laboratory" means any laboratory,
				  facility, consulting firm, government or private agency, business entity or
				  other person that the Department has authorized pursuant to this chapter to
				  perform analysis in accordance with the procedures of a given analytical method
				  using a particular technique as set forth in a certain methods reference
				  document, and to report the results from the analysis of environmental samples
				  in compliance with a Departmental regulatory program.
"Certified radon environmental laboratory" means a
				  radiochemical environmental laboratory that the Department has certified
				  pursuant to this chapter to analyze samples for the presence of radon and/or
				  radon progeny-in-air in a facility separate from the location in which the
				  sample was taken, and that uses stationary measurement detection
				  equipment.
"Certified radon measurement business" means a commercial
				  business enterprise certified pursuant to N.J.A.C. 7:28-27 to sell devices
				  and/or test for radon/radon progeny-in-air.
"Certified radon measurement specialist" means an individual
				  certified pursuant to N.J.A.C. 7:28-27 to perform and/or evaluate radon/radon
				  progeny-in-air measurements for a certified radon measurement business.
"Certified radon measurement technician" means an individual
				  certified pursuant to N.J.A.C. 7:28-27 to perform radon/radon progeny-in-air
				  measurement activities.
"Certified thermometer" means a thermometer that has
				  documentation from the manufacturer showing that it has been calibrated against
				  a National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), formerly National
				  Bureau of Standards (NBS), thermometer for the temperature ranges employed by
				  the environmental laboratory and the correction factors from that
				  comparison.
"Chemical testing" means the chemical analysis and physical
				  testing of environmental samples for inorganic and organic parameters and
				  physical properties.
"Chronic toxicity" means death or other adverse impacts that
				  affect the growth, survival, or reproductive success of an organism or its
				  progeny after a relatively long exposure period to toxic substances. Chronic
				  toxicity is measured using intermediate-term or long-term chronic toxicity
				  tests.
"Class 'A' glassware" means glassware satisfying the
				  applicable requirements for Class "A" glassware established by the National
				  Institute of Standards and Technology (formerly the National Bureau of
				  Standards).
"Clean Air Program" means the Department's program
				  implementing the certification requirements for laboratories that analyze air
				  samples.
"Client" means the person who requests an analysis from a
				  laboratory.
"Cold-water fishes" means, for acute toxicity testing, those
				  species of fish living and breeding in aquatic ecosystems with a maximum water
				  temperature between 10 degrees Celsius and 16 degrees Celsius.
"Collector" means the person who collects a sample.
"Compliance analysis" means the analysis of a sample that is
				  required by law, or by Departmental regulation or order.
"Composite sample" means a sample composed of several
				  discrete samples combined in a known proportion. For NJPDES wastewater
				  monitoring, a composite sample is a sample composed of several discrete samples
				  collected at equal time intervals, or proportionally to the flow rate of the
				  discharge.
"Confluent growth" means a bacterial growth that covers the
				  entire filtration area of the filter with no discrete colonies when performing
				  microbiological analysis by the membrane-filter techniques listed in Categories
				  DW01, NPW01, and SCM01. When confluent growth occurs, another sample must be
				  obtained and analyzed using higher dilutions for the membrane-filter technique
				  or using another approved technique.
"Contaminant or grouped-contaminants" means a specific
				  analyte or group of analytes which are included in the general term "parameter"
				  for the purposes of this chapter.
"Control" means, for acute toxicity testing, the group of
				  test organisms in a chamber under test conditions that are exposed to dilution
				  water only and/or the natural water to which they are normally exposed.
"Controlling interest" means any of the following:
1. The direct or indirect beneficial ownership, by the person
				  asserted to have a controlling interest and any of such person's affiliates, of
				  at least 50 percent of the voting stock or other equity interest in a
				  person;
2. The holding of any direct or indirect beneficial interest
				  in at least 50 percent of the income or profits of a person, by the person
				  asserted to have a controlling interest; or
3. The existence of any other relationship between the person
				  asserted to have a controlling interest and the person controlled, which
				  relationship in fact constitutes control over the affairs of the person
				  controlled.
"Criteria-1986" means "Quality Criteria for Water 1986,"
				  USEPA, Office of Water Regulations and Standards, Washington, D.C., USEPA
				  440/5-86-001. This reference was used to establish purity guidelines for test
				  organism culture water in N.J.A.C. 7:18-7, Toxicity Testing.
"Custodian" means an individual, designated by the laboratory
				  manager, trained in the proper procedures to receive samples into the
				  environmental laboratory.
"Definitive test" means, for acute toxicity testing, a
				  short-term toxicity test used to measure the acute toxicity of effluents or
				  materials.
"Department" means the New Jersey Department of Environmental
				  Protection.
"Department validated methods" means analytical methods
				  developed and validated for analysis of specified matrices by the Department or
				  by Department sponsored research.
"Detection limit" (DL) or "instrument detection limit" (IDL)
				  means the lowest concentration above background noise level that an instrument
				  can detect reliably.
"Dilution factor" (DF) means, for chemical testing, a
				  multiplication factor applied to a calculated sample result to compensate for
				  sample dilution. The dilution factor is determined as follows:
DF = Diluted sample volume/Original sample volume
"Dilution water" means, for acute toxicity testing,
				  unpolluted water of desired quality to be used in preparing the different test
				  concentrations of the effluent and controls. For example, dilution water is
				  usually collected from a point that is as close as possible to, but upstream or
				  outside of, the effluent's zone of impact.
"Discharge" means an intentional or unintentional action or
				  omission resulting in the releasing, spilling, leaking, pumping, pouring,
				  emitting, emptying, or dumping of a pollutant into the waters of the State,
				  onto land or onto wells from which the pollutant might flow or drain into such
				  waters, or into waters, or onto lands outside the jurisdiction of the State
				  which pollutant enters the waters of the State, and shall include the release
				  of any pollutant into a municipal treatment works.
"Drinking Water Program" means the Department's program
				  implementing the Safe Drinking Water Act,
				  58:12A-1 et seq., and the Private
				  Well Testing Act,
				  58:12A-26 et seq.
"Drinking water sample" means a regulatory sample analyzed to
				  determine compliance with the Drinking Water Program.
"DSAM" means Department Sanctioned Analytical Method. DSAMs
				  are methods that laboratories may be certified to perform if they qualify under
				  the requirements of this chapter. Mandatory methods, published or referenced in
				  the Code of Federal Regulations, become DSAMs on their stated effective date.
				  New or revised CERCLA CLP methods become DSAMs when new or revised CLP methods
				  are included in Invitation for Bid documents published in the Commerce Business
				  Daily. DSMs that are needed for analysis of Department program regulatory
				  samples, are designated as DSAMs by procedures described at
				  7:18-2.21.
"DSM" means Department Selected Method. DSMs are methods
				  selected for designation as DSAMs. DSMs include methods that the Department has
				  determined are necessary for the analysis of Program regulatory samples, but
				  are not mandatory methods published or referenced in the Code of Federal
				  Regulations and are not new CERCLA CLP methods published in Invitation for Bid
				  documents published in the Commerce Business Daily. DSMs may include:
1. Published USEPA discretionary methods;
2. Methods published by professional organizations with
				  recognized expertise in method development such as ASTM, APHA, and USGS;
				  and
3. Departmental validated methods.
"Dwelling unit" means any building or portion of a building,
				  permanent or temporary in nature, used or to be used as a residence either
				  seasonally or throughout the year.
"EC[50]" means, for acute toxicity testing, the statistical
				  estimate of the toxicant concentration that has a specified adverse effect
				  (such as immobilization, change in respiration rate, or loss of equilibrium) on
				  50 percent of test organisms after a specific time of exposure.
"EDL" means an electrodeless discharge lamp used in atomic
				  absorption spectroscopy.
"Effective concentration (EC)" means, for acute toxicity
				  testing, the statistical estimate of the toxicant concentration that has a
				  specified adverse effect (such as immobilization, change in respiration rate,
				  or loss of equilibrium) in a given time.
"Effluent" means the outflow from a point source.
"EPA Acute Methods #013-1985" means, for acute toxicity
				  testing, "Methods for Measuring The Acute Toxicity of Effluents to Freshwater
				  and Marine Organisms," 3rd ed, USEPA, Environmental Monitoring and Support
				  Laboratory, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, USEPA-600-4-85-013.
"EPA Acute Methods #027F-1993" means, for Acute Toxicity
				  Testing, Methods for Measuring The Acute Toxicity of Effluents for Freshwater
				  and Marine Organisms, 4th ed., USEPA, Environmental Monitoring and Support
				  Laboratory, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, EPA-600/4-90/027F.
"EPA Microbiological Methods" means, for microbiological
				  testing, "Microbiological Methods for Monitoring the Environment,"
				  USEPA-600/8-78-017.
"Exposure time" means, for acute toxicity testing, the time
				  of exposure of test organisms to a test solution for parameters in the Acute
				  Toxicity Testing Category.
"48 Hour Rapid Gross Alpha Test" or short term 48 Hour Gross
				  Alpha Test means a test performed in accordance with this chapter, within 48
				  hours from sample collection in order to measure the presence of alpha emitting
				  radionuclides in the sample, including the short-lived alpha emitters such as
				  radium-224.
"Field of testing" means NELAC's approach to accrediting
				  laboratories by program, method and analyte. Laboratories requesting
				  accreditation for a program-method-analyte combination or for an
				  up-dated/improved method are required to submit only that portion of the
				  accreditation process not previously addressed.
"Field of accreditation" means TNI's approach to accrediting
				  laboratories by matrix, technology, and analyte. Laboratories requesting
				  accreditation for a matrix-technology-analyte combination or for an
				  up-dated/improved method are required to submit only that portion of the
				  accreditation process not previously addressed.
"Field analyses" means those measurements taken directly at
				  the site being sampled using portable meters or other portable
				  instrumentation.
"Flow-through bioassay" means, for acute toxicity testing, a
				  test in which the solution is replaced continuously in the test chambers for
				  the test duration.
"GC" means gas chromatography.
"Grab sample" means an individual sample collected over a
				  time period of less than 15 minutes.
"Guidelines Establishing Test Procedures for the Analysis of
				  Pollutants" means the regulations promulgated by the USEPA at 40 CFR 136,
				  together with all amendments and supplements.
"HASL 1973" means"HASL, Procedure Manual," edited by John H.
				  Harley. HASL 300, ERDA Health and Safety Laboratory, New York, NY, 1973.
				  Pursuant to N.J.A.C. 7:18-6, a certified laboratory performing analysis of the
				  Department's additional radiochemical and radionuclide parameters not listed in
				  the Safe Drinking Water Act must reference HASL 1973.
"Hazardous Waste Management System: General" means the
				  regulations promulgated by the USEPA at 40 CFR 260, together with all
				  amendments and supplements.
"HYICP" or "Hydride Generation Inductively Coupled
				  Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy," is an inductively coupled plasma
				  technique employing sodium borohydride (NaBH[4]) and iodine to produce volatile
				  hydrides of antimony, arsenic, and selenium for low-concentration aqueous
				  samples.
"ICP/MS" means Inductively Coupled Plasma/Mass
				  Spectrometry.
"Identification and Listing of Hazardous Waste" means the
				  regulations promulgated by the USEPA at 40 CFR 261, together with all
				  amendments and supplements.
"Impinger" means a vessel used for air sampling in which air
				  is drawn through a solution that captures the analyte and allows the remaining
				  air to escape.
"Incipient LC[50]" means, for acute toxicity testing,
				  "Asymptotic LC[50]".
"Indicator parameter" is a parameter that is identified in a
				  proficiency test and is used to evaluate the overall analytical performance of
				  a laboratory on that specific method. Pursuant to N.J.A.C. 7:18-2.13, the
				  Department uses a laboratory's performance on analyzing an indicator parameter
				  to determine the laboratory's certification status on all parameters covered by
				  that analytical method.
"Juvenile" means, for acute toxicity testing, the fishes that
				  are greater than 20 days but less than or equal to 60 days post hatch.
"Laboratory" means any individual or other entity, including
				  without limitation, corporations, associations, partnerships, joint ventures,
				  and the United States, any state, any foreign country or government, and any
				  political subdivision or agency thereof, that performs analyses of
				  samples.
"Laboratory grade water" means a supply of water meeting or
				  exceeding the specifications given in
				  7:18-7.4(b), to be
				  used for the holding, spawning, and rearing of aquatic organisms used in acute
				  toxicity testing.
"Laboratory pure water" means distilled, deionized, or
				  charcoal treated water that meets the requirements of:
1.
				  7:18-4.5(e), for
				  microbiological testing;
2.
				  7:18-6.2, for radiochemical
				  testing; or
3. N.J.A.C. 7:18-7.4, for acute toxicity testing.
"Larvae" means, for acute toxicity testing, the fishes that
				  are less than or equal to 20 days post hatch.
"Lethal concentration (LC)" means, for acute toxicity
				  testing, the statistical estimate of the toxicant concentration producing death
				  of the test organisms. LC is usually defined as the median (50 percent) lethal
				  concentration, LC[50], i.e. concentration killing 50 percent of tested
				  organisms at a specific time of exposure, for example 96-hour LC[50].
"LC[50]" means, for acute toxicity testing, the lethal
				  concentration at which 50 percent of tested organisms are killed over a
				  specific time of exposure.
"LC Method" means Lucas Cell Method, USEPA/600/2-87/082,
				  March 1989, a DSAM for the analysis of radon in drinking water samples.
"Local health authority" means a county, regional or
				  municipal health agency that serves as the lead point of contact with the
				  Department on environmental issues. This agency would ordinarily be the local
				  health agency certified pursuant to the County Environmental Health Act,
				  N.J.S.A. 26:3A2-21 et seq. In those counties that do not have a certified CEHA
				  health agency, the local health authority is the agency that serves as the lead
				  for administering the Local Information Networks and Communication System
				  (LINCS) as designated by the Department of Health and Senior Services.
"LS Method" means Liquid Scintillation Method,
				  USEPA/600/28761082, March 1989, a DSAM for the analysis of radon in drinking
				  water samples.
"Macro analysis" means the determination of parameters at
				  concentrations in the high part per million or percent range.
"Manual" means "Manual for the Certification of Laboratories
				  Analyzing Drinking Water, Criteria and Procedures Quality Assurance,"
				  USEPA/570/9-90/008, USEPA, Office of Water (WH-550D), Washington, DC 20460, as
				  updated or supplemented. This reference is the Federal training and standard
				  operating procedures manual for Federal, state, and local certification
				  officers of drinking water laboratories for microbiological, chemical, and
				  radiochemical testing.
"Maximum contaminant level (MCL)" means the maximum
				  permissible level of a contaminant allowed in drinking water under the National
				  Primary Drinking Water Regulations.
"Membrane filtration (MF) method" means a method for
				  determining the bacterial count in a water sample. In this method, a known
				  volume of water is filtered through a membrane filter of optimum pore size for
				  full bacterial retention. The filter is incubated in contact with culture
				  medium to provide nutrients for bacterial growth. After incubation at a
				  prescribed time and temperature, the cultures are examined for bacterial
				  colonies that are counted and recorded per 100 mL of water sample.
"Method detection limit" (MDL) means the minimum
				  concentration of a substance that can be measured and reported with 99 percent
				  confidence that the analyte concentration is greater than zero and is
				  determined from analysis of a sample in a given matrix type containing the
				  analyte according to the Guidelines Establishing Test Procedures for the
				  Analysis of Pollutants, 40 CFR 136, Appendix B.
"Method reference" means the name, abbreviation or acronym
				  (for example, USEPA, ASTM, USGS) of the organization that has developed an
				  approved method or of the publication containing an approved method. The method
				  reference, together with the method number, specifically identifies a
				  method.
"Methods for Measuring Acute Toxicity-EPA" means "Methods for
				  Measuring Acute Toxicity of Effluents to Aquatic Organisms," USEPA,
				  Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory, Cincinnati, Ohio,
				  EPA-600/4-78-012.
"Micro analysis" means the determination of trace quantities
				  of parameters at concentrations in the low and sub part per million
				  range.
"Modified static toxicity test" means, for acute toxicity
				  testing, the "Renewal Toxicity Test."
"Most probable number (MPN)" means a quantitative designation
				  of microbial population which is determined by a statistical method. In this
				  method, a multiple dilution tube technique is used with a standard culture
				  medium. The tubes are incubated and observed for gas production. Results of
				  these tubes are translated by mathematical probability tables into population
				  numbers.
"MS" means mass spectrometry.
"mv" means millivolt or 1/1000 of a volt.
"National Environmental Field Activities Program" or "NEFAP"
				  means the overall National Environmental Field Activities Program that is part
				  of the TNI Standards.
"National Environmental Laboratory Accreditation Conference
				  (NELAC)" means a voluntary organization of state and Federal environmental
				  officials and interest groups purposed primarily to establish mutually
				  acceptable standards for accrediting environmental laboratories.
"National Environmental Laboratory Accreditation Program" or
				  "NELAP" means the overall National Environmental Laboratory Accreditation
				  Program that uses the TNI Standards to grant laboratories national
				  accreditation status.
"National Primary Drinking Water Regulations" means the
				  regulations promulgated by the USEPA at 40 CFR 141, together with all
				  amendments and supplements.
"National Secondary Drinking Water Regulations" means the
				  regulations promulgated by the USEPA at 40 CFR 143, together with all
				  amendments and supplements.
"NELAC recognition" means the determination by the NELAP
				  Director that an accrediting authority meets the requirements of the NELAP and
				  is authorized to grant NELAP accreditation to laboratories.
"NELAC standards" means the plan of procedures for
				  consistently evaluating and documenting the ability of laboratories performing
				  environmental measurements to meet nationally defined standards established by
				  the National Environmental Laboratory Accreditation Conference.
"New Jersey Pollutant Discharge Elimination System rules" or
				  "NJPDES rules" means the rules promulgated by the Department at N.J.A.C. 7:14A,
				  together with all amendments and supplements. The NJPDES rules govern the
				  Department's system for issuing, modifying, suspending, revoking and reissuing,
				  terminating, monitoring, and enforcing discharge permits pursuant to the New
				  Jersey Water Pollution Control Act.
"New Jersey Safe Drinking Water Act Regulations" means the
				  regulations promulgated by the Department at N.J.A.C. 7:10, together with all
				  amendments and supplements. The rules implement the New Jersey Safe Drinking
				  Water Act,
				  58:12A-1 et seq.
"NIST" means the National Institute of Standards and
				  Technology, formerly known as the National Bureau of Standards.
"NJWPCA" or "New Jersey Water Pollution Control Act" means
				  58:10A-1 et seq., together with
				  all amendments and supplements.
"nm" means nanometer, one millionth of a millimeter, in the
				  Metric System.
"N.M.A.T. (no measurable acute toxicity) definitive toxicity
				  test" means, for acute toxicity testing, a short-term toxicity test designed to
				  measure compliance with NJPDES permit limitations of "no measurable acute
				  toxicity."
"N.O.A.E.C. (no observed adverse effort concentration)
				  definitive toxicity test" means, for acute toxicity testing, a short-term
				  toxicity test designed to measure compliance with NJPDES permit limitations of
				  "no observed adverse effect concentration."
"Non-transient non-community water system" means a public
				  water system that is not a community water system and that regularly serves at
				  least 25 of the same persons over six months per year.
"Office of Quality Assurance" (OQA) means the office in the
				  New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection that administers the
				  Department Quality Assurance Program, the Environmental Laboratory
				  Certification Program, and the State Contract Laboratory Program which includes
				  the Analytical Services Contracts and Memoranda of Agreements for Analytical
				  Services.
"On-site analyses" means the analysis of samples collected at
				  a facility or a site of environmental concern, performed at that facility or
				  environmental site.
"Parameter" means a general term that includes, but is not
				  limited to, terms such as contaminant, constituent, substance, metal, organic
				  chemical, and characteristics that are used to designate an analyte, group of
				  analytes, attribute, or physical property for which a certified environmental
				  laboratory may be approved to perform analysis of regulatory samples and report
				  results.
"Performance evaluation sample" or "PE sample" means a sample
				  containing a known concentration of one or more specific parameters, used to
				  evaluate the analytical performance of a laboratory. These materials may be
				  provided by the USEPA, the Department, or other Department approved
				  programs.
"Permit" means a NJPDES permit issued pursuant to the New
				  Jersey Water Pollution Control Act,
				  58:10A-6.
"Person" means any individual or other entity, including
				  without limitation, corporations, associations, partnerships, joint ventures,
				  and the United States, any state, any foreign country or government, and any
				  political subdivision or agency thereof.
"pH" means a numerical expression of the hydrogen ion
				  concentration acidity) of aqueous matrices pH values range from 0 (high
				  acidity-low alkalinity) to 7 (neutral), to 14 (low acidity-high
				  alkalinity).
"Piper-1982" means, for acute toxicity testing, "Fish
				  Hatchery Management," by Piper et al., 1982, U.S. Fish and Wildlife
				  Publication.
"Point of use treatment device" or "point of delivery
				  treatment device" means a water treatment device applied to a single tap for
				  the purpose of reducing contaminants in drinking water at that one tap.
"Point source" means any discernible, confined, and discrete
				  conveyance from a mobile or stationary source, including, but not limited to,
				  any pipe, ditch, channel, tunnel, conduit, well, discrete issue, container,
				  rolling stock, concentrated animal feeding operation, vessel or other floating
				  craft, from which pollutants are or may be discharged.
"Pollutant" means any dredge spoil, solid waste, incinerator
				  residue, filter backwash, garbage, refuse, oil, grease, sewage sludge,
				  munitions, chemical wastes, biological materials, radioactive materials,
				  thermal waste, wrecked or discarded equipment, and construction waste or runoff
				  or other residue discharged to the land, groundwaters or surface waters of the
				  state.
"Primary accrediting authority" means the agency or
				  department designated at the territory, state, or Federal levels as the
				  recognized authority with responsibility and accountability for granting NELAC
				  accreditation for a specified field of testing.
"Primary standard" means a very pure reagent of defined
				  purity used as a reference for standardizing other reagent solutions.
"Private well" means a potable water well that serves a
				  dwelling unit and is located on the same real property as the dwelling
				  unit.
"Private Well Testing Act" or "PWTA" means P.L. 2001, 0.40;
				  58:12A-26 et seq.
"Proficiency study" means an organized program in which
				  laboratories participate in the analysis of PE sample aliquots from homogeneous
				  sample batches. The PE samples contain one or more parameters monitored under a
				  regulatory program, for example, the Drinking Water Program. Data from the
				  study are analyzed statistically, so that the acceptability of individual
				  laboratory results are based on the performance of participating
				  laboratories.
"Proficiency test sample" or "PT sample" means a sample
				  containing a known concentration of one or more specific parameters, used to
				  evaluate the analytical performance of a laboratory.
"Proficiency test study" or "PT study" means an organized
				  program in which laboratories participate in the analysis of PT sample aliquots
				  from homogeneous sample batches. The PT samples contain one or more parameters
				  monitored under a regulatory program, for example, the Drinking Water Program.
				  Data from the study are analyzed statistically against a given set of
				  acceptance criteria, to evaluate whether a laboratory's PT data are acceptable
				  or unacceptable.
"Public community water system" means a public water system
				  which serves at least 15 service connections used by year-round residents or
				  regularly serves at least 25 year-round residents.
"Public non-community water system" means a public water
				  system that is not a community water system.
"Quality assurance" or "QA" means the integrated system of
				  operations and measurements performed to assure that data meets defined
				  standards of quality with a stated level of confidence.
"Quality control check sample" means an uncontaminated sample
				  matrix spiked with known amounts of analytes from a source independent from the
				  calibration standards. It is generally used to establish intra-laboratory or
				  analyst specific precision and bias or to assess the performance of all or a
				  portion of the measurement system.
"Quality control" or "QC" means the practice of standardized
				  operations or measurements which determine one or more aspects of data quality.
				  An example is the evaluation of precision and accuracy data of an analytical
				  method by statistical methods for the purpose of establishing control limits
				  within which future precision and accuracy data must fall.
"Radon" means the radioactive noble gas radon-222.
"Radon Act" means
				  26:2D-70 et seq.
"Radon progeny-in-air" means the short-lived radionuclides
				  formed as a result of the decay of radon-222. The short-lived radon progeny
				  consist of polonium-218, lead-214, bismuth-214 and polonium-214.
"Radon/Radon Progeny-in-Air Program" means the Department's
				  program implementing the portion of the Radiation Protection Act governing
				  radon and radon progeny,
				  26:2D-70 et seq.
"Range-finding toxicity test" means, for acute toxicity
				  testing, a short-term (usually 24 hours), small-scale test to determine the
				  approximate concentration range to be covered in full-scale definitive testing.
				  This is especially useful with effluents or materials of unknown
				  toxicity.
"Raw data" means the data generated during the sample
				  preparation and analysis. The data includes analyst notebook entries, bench
				  sheets, standards preparation, instrument calibration, method QC, strip chart
				  graphs, computer printouts, and integrator printouts.
"Reagent water" means water used for chemical testing that
				  meets the specifications of Type I (or better) and Type II (or better) reagent
				  waters as defined in the current version of ASTM D1193. Type I reagent water is
				  required for inorganics analysis. Type II reagent water is required for
				  organics analysis and sampling equipment decontamination.
"Reciprocal" means by mutual agreement of two or more states
				  to accept each other's findings regarding the ability of environmental testing
				  laboratories in meeting TNI Standards.
"Recognition" means the determination that an accreditation
				  body meets the requirements of the NELAP and is authorized to grant NELAP
				  accreditation to laboratories.
"Record" means all information and data recorded and/or
				  stored on paper, microfilm/microfiche or computer systems.
"Regulatory program" means any of the statutes listed in
				  7:18-1.1(c), any
				  regulations or orders issued pursuant to those statutes, or the Contract
				  Laboratory Program.
"Regulatory purposes" means for the purpose of determining
				  compliance with a regulatory program.
"Regulatory sample" means either of the following:
1. A sample taken and/or analyzed to comply with a regulatory
				  program; or
2. A proficiency test (PT) sample.
"Renewal toxicity test" means, for acute toxicity testing, a
				  static test with periodic exposure (at least once every 24 hours) of the test
				  organisms to a fresh test solution of the same concentration. This is
				  accomplished either by transferring the test organisms or replacing the test
				  solution.
"Replicate sample" means a sample prepared by dividing a
				  homogeneous sample into separate parts so that each part is also homogeneous
				  and representative of the original sample.
"Response" means, for acute toxicity testing, the observed
				  biological effect of the material tested. In acute toxicity tests, the observed
				  effect is usually death.
"Safe Drinking Water Act" or "NJSDWA" means
				  58:12A-1 et seq.
"Salinity" means, for acute toxicity testing, the total
				  amount of dissolved salts in sea water expressed in parts per thousand (ppt) by
				  weight when all the carbonate has been converted to oxide, the bromide and
				  iodide have been replaced with chloride, and all organic matter has been
				  completely oxidized.
"Sample handling and preservation" means those sample
				  handling and preservation techniques listed in N.J.A.C. 7:18-9. These
				  techniques comprise the Department's minimum performance requirements for
				  handling and preserving a valid sample for subsequent analysis by a certified
				  environmental laboratory for regulatory purposes.
"Sampling point" means a particular site whose location may
				  be specified in a permit, or otherwise, and from which samples are to be
				  collected for testing and evaluation.
"SM14" or "Standard Methods, 14th Edition" means "Standard
				  Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater," American Public Health
				  Association, 14th Edition, 1975.
"SM15" or "Standard Methods, 15th Edition" means "Standard
				  Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater," American Public Health
				  Association, 15th Edition, 1980.
"SM16" or "Standard Methods, 16th Edition" means "Standard
				  Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater," American Public Health
				  Association, 16th Edition, 1985.
"SM17" or "Standard Methods, 17th Edition" means "Standard
				  Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater," American Public Health
				  Association, 17th Edition, 1989.
"SM18" or "Standard Methods, 18th Edition" means "Standard
				  Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater," American Public Health
				  Association, 18th Edition, 1992.
"SOC" means a synthetic organic chemical listed in the
				  National Primary Drinking Water Regulations. An SOC is a non-volatile organic
				  compound for which maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) or maximum contaminant
				  level goals (MCLGs) have been established.
"Solid/Hazardous Waste Programs" means the Department's
				  programs implementing the Solid Waste Management Act,
				  13:1E-1 et seq., the Industrial
				  Site Recovery Act,
				  13:1K-6 et seq., and the Spill
				  Compensation and Control Act, N.J.S.A. 58:10-23.1 1 et seq.
"Solid/hazardous waste sample" means a regulatory sample
				  analyzed to determine compliance with one or more of the Solid/Hazardous Waste
				  Programs.
"SOP manual" means standard operating procedure manual. This
				  manual includes step-by-step instructions for all procedures, operations,
				  analyses, and actions whose mechanics are thoroughly prescribed and commonly
				  accepted as the usual method for performing routine or repetitive tasks.
"State Primary Drinking Water Regulations" means those
				  regulations promulgated as N.J.A.C. 7:10-5.
"State Secondary Drinking Water Regulations" means those
				  regulations promulgated as N.J.A.C. 7:10-7.
"Static-toxicity test" means, for Acute toxicity testing, a
				  test in which solutions and organisms are placed in chambers for the duration
				  of the test without any exchange of the test solutions.
"Stationary source audit sample" or "SSAS" means a blind
				  sample, the composition of which is unknown to the stationary source tester and
				  laboratory, and that is provided to evaluate whether, during a particular test
				  event, the stationary source tester and/or laboratory can produce measurement
				  results within specified acceptance criteria. Audit samples are not analyzed on
				  a regular schedule, but they are analyzed only during the particular event (for
				  example, a compliance test) that is being audited. Audit samples are analyzed,
				  or collected and analyzed, as part of the batch of field test samples using the
				  same personnel, procedures, and materials.
"Subsample" means a portion of a large volume homogenized
				  sample.
"Subsequent to graduation" means the time after receipt of a
				  specified degree.
"SW-846" means the USEPA's Test Methods for Evaluating Solid
				  Waste-Physical and Chemical Methods, Third Edition, 1986, as amended or
				  supplemented.
"Target compound" means any parameter for which quality
				  control data are listed in the method.
"Technique" means the type of instrumental or manual
				  procedure used to perform an analysis. For example, the potentiometric ion
				  selective electrode determination of fluoride is one of four techniques used
				  for the determination of fluoride in drinking water. There are three method
				  references approved by USEPA that use this technique.
"Temporary approval" means either of the following:
1. A temporary approval for a laboratory to continue
				  analyzing regulatory samples pending an on-site audit pursuant to
				  7:18-2.6(a)6;
				  or
2. A temporary approval for a laboratory to continue
				  analyzing regulatory samples for one or more categories in the solid/hazardous
				  waste programs, pursuant to
				  7:18-2.6(c).
"The National Environmental Laboratory Accreditation
				  Conference (NELAC) Institute" or "TNI" means a voluntary organization of state
				  and Federal environmental officials and members purposed primarily to establish
				  mutually acceptable standards for accrediting environmental laboratories and
				  field activity facilities.
"TNI recognition" means the determination that an
				  accreditation body meets the requirements of the TNI Standards and is
				  authorized to grant TNI accreditation to laboratories and field activity
				  facilities performing environmental measurements.
"TNI Standards" means the plan of procedures developed by TNI
				  for consistently evaluating and documenting the ability of laboratories and
				  field activity facilities performing environmental measurements, to meet
				  nationally defined standards. See
N.J.A.C. 7:18-1.5
.
"Total length" means, for acute toxicity testing, the
				  straight-line measurement from the tip of the snout of a fish to the extreme
				  tip of the caudal fin.
"Toxicity test" means, for acute toxicity testing, a
				  procedure in which the responses of aquatic organisms are used to detect or
				  measure the presence or effect of one or more toxic substances or wastes, alone
				  or in combination.
"Transient non-community water system" means a non-community
				  water system that does not regularly serve at least 25 of the same persons over
				  6 months per year.
"Transport water" means, for acute toxicity testing, the
				  fresh or salt water used to transport test organisms from an outside supplier's
				  facility to the certified environmental laboratory; usually it is the water
				  used by the supplier for culturing test organisms.
"Trip blanks" means a set of sample containers filled with
				  analyte-free water that originates in the environmental laboratory, travels to
				  the field site and remains unopened. This blank checks for potential
				  contamination sources in sample container preparation, method blank water, and
				  sample transport.
"USEPA" or "EPA" means the United States Environmental
				  Protection Agency.
"USEPA-1987" means, for acute toxicity testing, "Guidelines
				  for the Culture of Fathead Minnows Pimephales Promelas for Use In Toxicity
				  Tests," USEPA, Environmental Research Laboratory, Duluth, MN,
				  USEPA/600/3-87/001, January, 1987.
"USGS-83" means"Methods for the Determination of Organic
				  Substances in Water and Fluvial Sediments," Book 5, 1983.
"USGS-76" means Fishman and Brown, "Selected Methods of the
				  U.S. Geological Survey of Analysis of Wastewater," Open-file Report 76-177
				  (1976).
"VOCs" means volatile organic chemicals as listed in the
				  National Primary Drinking Water Regulations. These are a group of purgeable
				  organic compounds for which maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) or maximum
				  contaminant level goals (MCLGs) have been established.
"Volatile organics" means those organic compounds that can be
				  determined quantitatively by methods utilizing the purge and trap technique.
				  VOCs are a subset of volatile organics.
"Volume Percent" means, for acute toxicity testing, equal to
				  100 x (volume of effluent)/(volume of effluent + volume of dilution
				  water).
"Warm-water fishes" means, for acute toxicity testing, those
				  species living and breeding in aquatic ecosystems with a maximum water
				  temperature range of between 13 degrees Celsius and 27 degrees Celsius.
"Wastewater sample" means a regulatory sample analyzed to
				  determine compliance with the Water Pollution Program.
"Water Pollution Program" means the Department's program
				  implementing the Water Pollution Control Act,
				  58:10A-1 et seq.
"Water purveyor" means a person who owns or operates a public
				  water system (as that term is defined in
				  7:10-1.3 ).
"Waters of the State" means the Atlantic Ocean and its
				  estuaries, all springs, streams, and bodies of surface or ground water, whether
				  natural or artificial, within the boundaries of this State or subject to its
				  jurisdiction.
"Weis-1979" means, for acute toxicity testing, "Establishment
				  of a Statewide List of Bioassay Organisms Pursuant to the New Jersey Surface
				  Water Quality Standards," Judith S. Weis, Edmund Zimmerer, John Galandak, and
				  Allen Marchinsin; Department of Zoology and Physiology, Rutgers, The State
				  University; Revised March, 1979.
"Wide spectrum light" means light that approximates natural
				  sunlight.
"Working level (WL)" means the concentration of short-lived
				  radon decay products that will result in 130,000 million electron volts of
				  potential alpha-particle energy per liter of air. Working level is a measure of
				  radon decay product concentration in air.
"Year class" means, for acute toxicity testing, fish that
				  originate from the same annual brood or spawning.