Nebraska Administrative Code › Topic - HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES SYSTEM › Title 179 - PUBLIC WATER SYSTEMS › Chapter 4 - PUBLIC NOTIFICATION OF DRINKING WATER VIOLATIONS › Appendix B - STANDARD HEALTH EFFECTS LANGUAGE FOR PUBLIC NOTIFICATION DRINKING WATER STANDARDS

Current through June 17, 2024
A. Microbiological Contaminants
Contaminant
MCLG1
								mg/L
MCL2
								mg/L
Standard health effects language for public
								notification
1a. Total coliform*
Zero
See footnote3
Coliforms are bacteria that are naturally present
								in the environment and are used as an indicator that other,
								potentially-harmful, bacteria may be present. Coliforms were found in more
								samples than allowed and this was a warning of potential problems.
1b. Fecal coliform/
E. coli
*
Zero
Zero
Fecal coliforms and
E. oli
are
								bacteria whose presence indicates that the water may be contaminated with human
								or animal wastes. Microbes in these wastes can cause short-term effects, such
								as diarrhea, cramps, nausea, headaches, or other symptoms. They may pose a
								special health risk for infants, young children, some of the elderly, and
								people with severely compromised immune systems.
1c. Fecal indicators
(GWR) :
i.
E. coli
ii. enterococci
iii. coliphage
Zero
None
None
TT
TT
TT
Fecal indicators are microbes whose presence
								indicates that the water may be contaminated with human or animal wastes.
								Microbes in these wastes can cause short-term health effects, such as diarrhea,
								cramps, nausea, headaches, or other symptoms. They may pose a special health
								risk for infants, young children, some of the elderly, and people with severely
								compromised immune systems.
1d. Ground Water Rule (GWR) TT violations
None
TT
Inadequately treated or inadequately protected
								water may contain disease-causing organisms. These organisms can cause symptoms
								such as diarrhea, nausea, cramps, and associated headaches.
1e.179 NAC 26 Coliform
Assessment and/or Corrective Action
								Violations**
N/A
TT
Coliforms are bacteria that are naturally present
								in the environment and are used as an indicator that other, potentially
								harmful, waterborne pathogens may be present or that a potential pathway exists
								through which contamination may enter the drinking water distribution system.
								We found coliforms indicating the need to look for potential problems in water
								treatment or distribution. When this occurs, we are required to conduct
								assessments to identify problems and to correct any problems that are found.
								[THE SYSTEM MUST USE THE FOLLOWING APPLICABLE SENTENCES.]
We failed to conduct the required
								assessment.
We failed to correct all identified sanitary
								defects that were found during the assessment(s).
1f. 179 NAC 26
E. oli
Assessment
								and/or Corrective Action Violations**
N/A
TT
E. coli
are bacteria whose
								presence indicates that the water may be contaminated with human or animal
								wastes. Human pathogens in these wastes can cause short-term effects, such as
								diarrhea, cramps, nausea, headaches, or other symptoms. They may pose a greater
								health risk for infants, young children, the elderly, and people with severely
								compromised immune systems. We violated the standard for
E.
								oli
, indicating the need to look for potential problems in water
								treatment or distribution. When this occurs, we are required to conduct a
								detailed assessment to identify problems and to correct any problems that are
								found. [THE SYSTEM MUST USE THE FOLLOWING APPLICABLE SENTENCES.]
We failed to conduct the required
								assessment.
We failed to correct all identified sanitary
								defects that were found during the assessment that we conducted.
1g.
E. oli
**
Zero
In compliance unless one of the following
								conditions occurs:
(1) The system has an
E.
								oli
-positive repeat sample following a total coliform-positive routine
								sample.
(2) The system has a total coliform-positive repeat
								sample
following an
E. oli
-positive
								routine sample.
(3) The system fails to take all required repeat
								samples following an
E. oli
-positive routine sample.
(4) The system fails to test for
E.
								oli
when any repeat sample tests positive for total coliform.
E. oli
are bacteria whose presence
								indicates that the water may be contaminated with human or animal wastes. Human
								pathogens in these wastes can cause short-term effects, such as diarrhea,
								cramps, nausea, headaches, or other symptoms. They may pose a greater health
								risk for infants, young children, some of the elderly, and people with severely
								compromised immune systems.
1h. 179 NAC 26 Seasonal System TT
								Violations**
N/A
TT
When this violation includes the failure to monitor
								for total coliforms or
E. oli
prior to
serving water to the public, the mandatory language
								found at 4-007.04 item 2 must be used.
When this violation includes failure to complete
								other actions, the appropriate elements found in 4-007.01 to describe the
								violation must be used.
2a. Turbidity
(MCL)4
None
1 NTU5/5 NTU
Turbidity has no health effects. However, turbidity
								can interfere with disinfection and provide a medium for microbial growth.
								Turbidity may indicate the presence of disease-causing organisms. These
								organisms include bacteria, viruses, and parasites that can cause symptoms such
								as nausea, cramps, diarrhea and associated headaches.
2b. Turbidity (SWTR
								TT)6
None
TT7
Turbidity has no health effects. However, turbidity
								can interfere with disinfection and provide a medium for microbial growth.
								Turbidity may indicate the presence of disease-causing organisms. These
								organisms include bacteria, viruses, and parasites that can cause symptoms such
								as nausea, cramps, diarrhea and associated headaches.
2c. Turbidity (IESWTR TT and LT1ESWTR
								TT)8
None
TT
Turbidity has no health effects. However, turbidity
								can interfere with disinfection and provide a medium for microbial growth.
								Turbidity may indicate the presence of disease-causing organisms. These
								organisms include bacteria, viruses, and parasites that can cause symptoms such
								as nausea, cramps, diarrhea and associated headaches.
B. Surface Water Treatment Rule (SWTR), Interim
				  Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule (IESWTR), Long Term 
				  1 Enhanced Surface Water Treatment
				  Rule (LT1ESWTR) and the Filter Backwash Recycling Rule (FBRR)
				  violations
Contaminant
MCLG1
mg/L
MCL2
								mg/L
Standard health effects language for public
								notification
3. Giardia lamblia (SWTR/IESWTR/LT1ESWTR).
4. Viruses (SWTR/IESWTR/LT1ESWTR).
5. Heterotrophic plate count (HPC)
								bacteria9 (SWTR/IESWTR/LT1ESWTR).
6. Legionella (SWTR/IESWTR/LT1ESWTR).
7. Cryptosporidium (IESWTR/FBRR/LT1ESWTR).
Zero
TT10
Inadequately treated water may contain
								disease-causing organisms. These organisms include bacteria, viruses, and
								parasites which can cause symptoms such as nausea, cramps, diarrhea, and
								associated headaches.
C. Inorganic Chemicals (IOCs)
Contaminant
MCLG1
mg/L
MCL2
mg/L
Standard health effects language for public
								notification
8. Antimony
0.006
0.006
Some people who drink water containing antimony
								well in excess of the MCL over many years could experience increases in blood
								cholesterol and decreases in blood sugar.
9 Arsenic (Effective January 23, 2006)
0
0.010
Some people who drink water containing arsenic in
								excess of the MCL over many years could experience skin damage or problems with
								their circulatory system, and may have an increased risk of getting
								cancer.
10. Asbestos (10 µm)
7 MFL11
7 MFL
Some people who drink water containing asbestos in
								excess of the MCL over many years may have an increased risk of developing
								benign intestinal polyps.
11. Barium
2
2
Some people who drink water containing barium in
								excess of the MCL over many years could experience an increase in their blood
								pressure.
12. Beryllium
0.004
0.004
Some people who drink water containing beryllium
								well in excess of the MCL over many years could develop intestinal
								lesions.
13. Cadmium
0.005
0.005
Some people who drink water containing cadmium in
								excess of the MCL over many years could experience kidney damage.
14. Chromium (total)
0.1
0.1
Some people who use water containing chromium well
								in excess of the MCL over many years could experience allergic
								dermatitis.
15. Cyanide
0.2
0.2
Some people who drink water containing cyanide well
								in excess of the MCL over many years could experience nerve damage or problems
								with their thyroid.
16. Fluoride
4.0
4.0
Some people who drink water containing fluoride in
								excess of the MCL over many years could get bone disease, including pain and
								tenderness of the bones. Fluoride in drinking water at half the MCL or more may
								cause mottling of children's teeth, usually in children less than nine years
								old. Mottling, also known as dental fluorosis, may include brown staining
								and/or pitting of the teeth and occurs only in developing teeth before they
								erupt from the gums.
17. Mercury (inorganic)
0.002
0.002
Some people who drink water containing inorganic
								mercury well in excess of the MCL over many years could experience kidney
								damage.
18. Nitrate
10
10
Infants below the age of six months who drink water
								containing nitrate in excess of the MCL could become seriously ill and, if
								untreated, may die. Symptoms include shortness of breath and blue baby
								syndrome.
19. Nitrite
1
1
Infants below the age of six months who drink water
								containing nitrite in excess of the MCL could become seriously ill and, if
								untreated, may die. Symptoms include shortness of breath and blue baby
								syndrome.
20. Total Nitrate and Nitrite
10
10
Infants below the age of six months who drink water
								containing nitrate and nitrite in excess of the MCL could become seriously ill
								and, if untreated, may die. Symptoms include shortness of breath and blue baby
								syndrome.
21. Selenium
0.05
0.05
Selenium is an essential nutrient. However, some
								people who drink water containing selenium in excess of the MCL over many years
								could experience hair or fingernail losses, numbness in fingers or toes, or
								problems with their circulation.
22. Thallium
0.0005
0.002
Some people who drink water containing thallium in
								excess of the MCL over many years could experience hair loss, changes in their
								blood, or problems with their kidneys, intestines, or liver.
D. Lead and Copper Rule
Contaminant
MCLG1mg/L
MCL2
								mg/L
Standard health effects language for public
								notification
23. Lead
Zero
TT12
Infants and children who drink water containing
								lead in excess of the action level could experience delays in their physical or
								mental development. Children could show slight deficits in attention span and
								learning abilities. Adults who drink this water over many years could develop
								kidney problems or high blood pressure.
24. Copper
1.3
TT13
Copper is an essential nutrient, but some people
								who drink water containing copper in excess of the action level over a
								relatively short amount of time could experience gastrointestinal distress.
								Some people who drink water containing copper in excess of the action level
								over many years could suffer liver or kidney damage. People with Wilson's
								Disease should consult their personal doctor.
E. Synthetic Organic Chemicals (SOCs)
Contaminant
MCLG1
mg/L
MCL2
								mg/L
Standard health effects language for public
								notification
25. 2,4-D
0.07
0.07
Some people who drink water containing the weed
								killer 2,4-D well in excess of the MCL over many years could experience
								problems with their kidneys, liver, or adrenal glands.
26. 2,4,5-TP (Silvex)
0.05
0.05
Some people who drink water containing silvex in
								excess of the MCL over many years could experience liver problems.
27. Alachlor
Zero
0.002
Some people who drink water containing alachlor in
								excess of the MCL over many years could have problems with their eyes, liver,
								kidneys, or spleen, or experience anemia, and may have an increased risk of
								getting cancer.
28. Atrazine
0.003
0.003
Some people who drink water containing atrazine
								well in excess of the MCL over many years could experience problems with their
								cardiovascular system or reproductive difficulties.
29. Benzo(a)pyrene (PAHs)
Zero
0.0002
Some people who drink water containing
								benzo(a)pyrene in excess of the MCL over many years may experience reproductive
								difficulties and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
30. Carbofuran
0.04
0.04
Some people who drink water containing carbofuran
								in excess of the MCL over many years could experience problems with their
								blood, or nervous or reproductive systems.
31. Chlordane
Zero
0.002
Some people who drink water containing chlordane in
								excess of the MCL over many years could experience problems with their liver or
								nervous system, and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
32. Dalapon
0.2
0.2
Some people who drink water containing dalapon well
								in excess of the MCL over many years could experience minor kidney
								changes.
33. Di (2-ethylhexyl) adipate
0.4
0.4
Some people who drink water containing di
								(2-ethylhexyl) adipate well in excess of the MCL over many years could
								experience toxic effects such as weight loss, liver enlargement or reproductive
								difficulties.
34. Di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate
Zero
0.006
Some people who drink water containing di
								(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate well in excess of the MCL over many years may have
								problems with their liver, or experience reproductive difficulties, and may
								have an increased risk of getting cancer.
35. Dibromochloropropane (DBCP)
Zero
0.0002
Some people who drink water containing DBCP in
								excess of the MCL over many years could experience reproductive difficulties
								and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
36. Dinoseb
0.007
0.007
Some people who drink water containing dinoseb well
								in excess of the MCL over many years could experience reproductive
								difficulties.
37. Dioxin (2,3,7,8-TCDD)
Zero
3x10-8
Some people who drink water containing dioxin in
								excess of the MCL over many years could experience reproductive difficulties
								and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
38. Diquat
0.02
0.02
Some people who drink water containing diquat in
								excess of the MCL over many years could get cataracts.
39. Endothall
0.1
0.1
Some people who drink water containing endothall in
								excess of the MCL over many years could experience problems with their stomach
								or intestines.
40. Endrin
0.002
0.002
Some people who drink water containing endrin in
								excess of the MCL over many years could experience liver problems.
41. Ethylene dibromide
Zero
0.00005
Some people who drink water containing ethylene
								dibromide in excess of the MCL over many years could experience problems with
								their liver, stomach, reproductive system, or kidneys, and may have an
								increased risk of getting cancer.
42. Glyphosate
0.7
0.7
Some people who drink water containing glyphosate
								in excess of the MCL over many years could experience problems with their
								kidneys or reproductive difficulties.
43. Heptachlor
Zero
0.0004
Some people who drink water containing heptachlor
								in excess of the MCL over many years could experience liver damage and may have
								an increased risk of getting cancer.
44. Heptachlor epoxide
Zero
0.0002
Some people who drink water containing heptachlor
								epoxide in excess of the MCL over many years could experience liver damage and
								may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
45. Hexachlorobenzene
Zero
0.001
Some people who drink water containing
								hexachlorobenzene in excess of the MCL over many years could experience
								problems with their liver or kidneys, or adverse reproductive effects, and may
								have an increased risk of getting cancer.
46. Hexachlorocyclo-pentadiene
0.05
0.05
Some people who drink water containing
								hexachlorocyclopentadiene well in excess of the MCL over many years could
								experience problems with their kidneys or stomach.
47. Lindane
0.0002
0.0002
Some people who drink water containing lindane in
								excess of the MCL over many years could experience problems with their kidneys
								or liver.
48. Methoxychlor
0.04
0.04
Some people who drink water containing methoxychlor
								in excess of the MCL over many years could experience reproductive
								difficulties.
49. Oxamyl (Vydate)
0.2
0.2
Some people who drink water containing oxamyl in
								excess of the MCL over many years could experience slight nervous system
								effects.
50. Pentachlorophenol
Zero
0.001
Some people who drink water containing
								pentachlorophenol in excess of the MCL over many years could experience
								problems with their liver or kidneys, and may have an increased risk of getting
								cancer.
51. Picloram
0.5
0.5
Some people who drink water containing picloram in
								excess of the MCL over many years could experience problems with their
								liver.
52. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)
Zero
0.0005
Some people who drink water containing PCBs in
								excess of the MCL over many years could experience changes in their skin,
								problems with their thymus gland, immune deficiencies, or reproductive or
								nervous system difficulties, and may have an increased risk of getting
								cancer.
53. Simazine
0.004
0.004
Some people who drink water containing simazine in
								excess of the MCL over many years could experience problems with their
								blood.
54. Toxaphene
Zero
0.003
Some people who drink water containing toxaphene in
								excess of the MCL over many years could have problems with their kidneys,
								liver, or thyroid, and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
F. Volatile Organic Chemicals (VOCs)
Contaminant
MCLG1
mg/L
MCL2
mg/L
Standard health effects language for public
								notification
55. Benzene
Zero
0.005
Some people who drink water containing benzene in
								excess of the MCL over many years could experience anemia or a decrease in
								blood platelets, and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
56. Carbon tetrachloride
Zero
0.005
Some people who drink water containing carbon
								tetrachloride in excess of the MCL over many years could experience problems
								with their liver and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
57. Chlorobenzene (monochlorobenzene)
0.1
0.1
Some people who drink water containing
								chlorobenzene in excess of the MCL over many years could experience problems
								with their liver or kidneys.
58. o-Dichlorobenzene
0.6
0.6
Some people who drink water containing
								o-dichlorobenzene well in excess of the MCL over many years could experience
								problems with their liver, kidneys, or circulatory systems.
59. p-Dichlorobenzene
0.075
0.075
Some people who drink water containing
								p-dichlorobenzene in excess of the MCL over many years could experience anemia,
								damage to their liver, kidneys, or spleen, or changes in their blood.
60. 1,2-Dichloroethane
Zero
0.005
Some people who drink water containing
								1,2-dichloroethane in excess of the MCL over many years may have an increased
								risk of getting cancer.
61. 1,1-Dichloroethylene
0.007
0.007
Some people who drink water containing
								1,1-dichloroethylene in excess of the MCL over many years could experience
								problems with their liver.
62. cis-1,2-Dichloroethylene
0.07
0.07
Some people who drink water containing
								cis-1,2-dichloroethylene in excess of the MCL over many years could experience
								problems with their liver.
63. trans-1,2-Dichloroethylene
0.1
0.1
Some people who drink water containing
								trans-1,2-dichlorethylene well in excess of the MCL over many years could
								experience problems with their liver.
64. Dichloromethane
Zero
0.005
Some people who drink water containing
								dichloromethane in excess of the MCL over many years could have liver problems
								and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
65. 1,2-Dichloropropane
Zero
0.005
Some people who drink water containing
								1,2-dichloropropane in excess of the MCL over many years may have an increased
								risk of getting cancer.
66. Ethylbenzene
0.7
0.7
Some people who drink water containing ethylbenzene
								well in excess of the MCL over many years could experience problems with their
								liver or kidneys.
67. Styrene
0.1
0.1
Some people who drink water containing styrene well
								in excess of the MCL over many years could have problems with their liver,
								kidneys, or circulatory system.
68. Tetrachloroethylene
Zero
0.005
Some people who drink water containing
								tetrachloroethylene in excess of the MCL over many years could have problems
								with their liver, and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
69. Toluene
1
1
Some people who drink water containing toluene well
								in excess of the MCL over many years could have problems with their nervous
								system, kidneys, or liver.
70. 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene
0.07
0.07
Some people who drink water containing
								1,2,4-trichlorobenzene well in excess of the MCL over many years could
								experience changes in their adrenal glands.
71. 1,1,1-Trichloroethane
0.2
0.2
Some people who drink water containing
								1,1,1-trichlorethane in excess of the MCL over many years could experience
								problems with their liver, nervous system, or circulatory system.
72. 1,1,2-Trichloroethane
0.003
0.005
Some people who drink water containing
								1,1,2-trichlorethane well in excess of the MCL over many years could have
								problems with their liver, kidneys, or immune systems.
73. Trichloroethylene
Zero
0.005
Some people who drink water containing
								trichloroethylene in excess of the MCL over many years could experience
								problems with their liver and may have an increased risk of getting
								cancer.
74. Vinyl chloride
Zero
0.002
Some people who drink water containing vinyl
								chloride in excess of the MCL over many years may have an increased risk of
								getting cancer.
75. Xylenes (total)
10
10
Some people who drink water containing xylenes in
								excess of the MCL over many years could experience damage to their nervous
								system.
G. Radioactive Contaminants
Contaminant
MCLG1
mg/L
MCL2
mg/L
Standard health effects language for public
								notification
76. Beta/photon emitters
Zero
4 mrem/yr14
Certain minerals are radioactive and may emit forms
								of radiation known as photons and beta radiation. Some people who drink water
								containing beta and photon emitters in excess of the MCL over many years may
								have an increased risk of getting cancer.
77. Alpha emitters
Zero
15 pCi/L15
Certain minerals are radioactive and may emit a
								form of radiation known as alpha radiation. Some people who drink water
								containing alpha emitters in excess of the MCL over many years may have an
								increased risk of getting cancer.
78. Combined radium (226 & 228)
Zero
5 pCi/L
Some people who drink water containing radium-226
								or -228 in excess of the MCL over many years may have an increased risk of
								getting cancer.
79. Uranium16
Zero
30 µg/L
Some people who drink water containing uranium in
								excess of the MCL over many years may have an increased risk of getting cancer
								and kidney toxicity.
H. Disinfection Byproducts (DBPs), Byproduct
				  Precursors, and Disinfectant Residuals:
Where disinfection is used in the treatment of drinking
				  water, disinfectants combine with organic and inorganic matter present in water
				  to form chemicals called disinfection byproducts (DBPs). The Director sets
				  standards for controlling the levels of disinfectants and DBPs in drinking
				  water, including trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic acids
				  (HAAs)17
Contaminant
MCLG1
mg/L
MCL2
mg/L
Standard health effects language for public
								notification
80. Total trihalomethanes (TTHMs)
N/A
0.08018,19
Some people who drink water containing
								trihalomethanes in excess of the MCL over many years may experience problems
								with their liver, kidneys, or central nervous system, and may have an increased
								risk of getting cancer.
81. Haloacetic Acids (HAA)
N/A
0.06020
Some people who drink water containing haloacetic
								acids in excess of the MCL over many years may have an increased risk of
								getting cancer.
82. Bromate
Zero
0.010
Some people who drink water containing bromate in
								excess of the MCL over many years may have an increased risk of getting
								cancer.
83. Chlorite
0.08
1.0
Some infants and young children who drink water
								containing chlorite in excess of the MCL could experience nervous system
								effects. Similar effects may occur in fetuses of pregnant women who drink water
								containing chlorite in excess of the MCL. Some people may experience
								anemia.
84. Chlorine
4
(MRDLG)21
4.0 (MRDL) 
								22
Some people who use water containing chlorine well
								in excess of the MRDL could experience irritating effects to their eyes and
								nose. Some people who drink water containing chlorine well in excess of the
								MRDL could experience stomach discomfort.
85. Chloramines
4 (MRDLG)
4.0 (MRDL)
Some people who use water containing chloramines
								well in excess of the MRDL could experience irritating effects to their eyes
								and nose. Some people who drink water containing chloramines well in excess of
								the MRDL could experience stomach discomfort or anemia.
86a. Chlorine dioxide, where any two consecutive
								daily samples taken at the entrance to the distribution system are above the
								MRDL
0.8 (MRDLG)
0.8 (MRDL)
Some infants and young children who drink water
								containing chlorine dioxide in excess of the MRDL could experience nervous
								system effects. Similar effects may occur in fetuses of pregnant women who
								drink water containing chlorine dioxide in excess of the MRDL. Some people may
								experience anemia.
Add for public notification only:
The chlorine dioxide violations reported today are the result of exceedances at
								the treatment facility only, not within the distribution system that delivers
								water to consumers. Continued compliance with chlorine dioxide levels within
								the distribution system minimizes the potential risk of these violations to
								consumers.
86b. Chlorine dioxide, where one or more
								distribution system samples are above the MRDL
0.8 (MRDLG)
0.8 (MRDL)
Some infants and young children who drink water
								containing chlorine dioxide in excess of the MRDL could experience nervous
								system effects. Similar effects may occur in fetuses of pregnant women who
								drink water containing chlorine dioxide in excess of the MRDL. Some people may
								experience anemia.
Add for public notification only: The chlorine
								dioxide violations reported today include exceedances of the Department of
								Health and Human Services standard within the distribution system that delivers
								water to consumers. Violations of the chlorine dioxide standard within the
								distribution system may harm human health based on short-term exposures.
								Certain groups, including fetuses, infants, and young children, may be
								especially susceptible to nervous system effects from excessive chlorine
								dioxide exposure.
87. Control of DBP precursors (TOC)
None
TT
Total organic carbon (TOC) has no health effects.
								However, total organic carbon provides a medium for the formation of
								disinfection byproducts. These byproducts include trihalomethanes (THMs) and
								haloacetic acids (HAAs). Drinking water containing these byproducts in excess
								of the MCL may lead to adverse health effects, liver or kidney problems, or
								nervous system effects, and may lead to an increased risk of getting
								cancer.
88. Acrylamide
Zero
TT
Some people who drink water containing high levels
								of acrylamide over a long period of time could have problems with their nervous
								system or blood, and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
89. Epichlorohydrin
Zero
TT
Some people who drink water containing high levels
								of epichlorohydrin over a long period of time could experience stomach
								problems, and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Appendix B -Endnotes
* Through March 31, 2016.
** Beginning April 1, 2016.
1. MCLG - Maximum contaminant level goal.
2. MCL - Maximum contaminant level.
3. For water systems analyzing at least 40 samples per month,
				  no more than
				  5.0% of the monthly samples may be
				  positive for total coliforms. For systems analyzing fewer than 40 samples per
				  month, no more than one sample per month may be positive for total
				  coliforms.
4. There are various regulations that set turbidity standards
				  for different types of systems, including the 1989 Surface Water Treatment Rule
				  (179 NAC 13), the 1998 Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule (179 NAC
				  17), and the 2002 Long Term 1 Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule (179 NAC
				  19). The MCL for the monthly turbidity average is 1 NTU; the MCL for the 2-day
				  average is 5 NTU for systems that are required to filter but have not yet
				  installed filtration.
5. NTU - Nephelometric turbidity unit.
6. There are various regulations that set turbidity standards
				  for different types of systems, including the 1989 Surface Water Treatment Rule
				  (179 NAC 13), the 1998 Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule (IESWTR
				  179 NAC 17)), and the 2002 Long Term 1 Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule
				  (179 NAC 19). Systems subject to the Surface Water Treatment Rule (both
				  filtered and unfiltered) may not exceed 5 NTU. In addition, in filtered
				  systems, 95% of the samples each month must not exceed
				  0.5 NTU in systems using conventional or
				  direct filtration and must not exceed 1 NTU in systems using slow sand or
				  diatomaceous earth filtration or other filtration technologies approved by the
				  Director.
7. TT - Treatment technique.
8. There are various regulations that set turbidity standards
				  for different types of systems, including the 1989 Surface Water Treatment Rule
				  (179 NAC 13) and the 1998 Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule
				  (IESWTR) (179 NAC 17), and the 2002 Long Term 1 Enhanced Surface Water
				  Treatment Rule LT1ESWTR (179 NAC 19). For systems subject to 179 NAC 17
				  (systems serving at least 10,000 people, using surface water or ground water
				  under the direct influence of surface water), that use conventional filtration
				  or direct filtration, after January 1, 2002, the turbidity level of a system's
				  combined filter effluent may not exceed
				  0.3 NTU in at least 95% of the monthly
				  measurements, and the turbidity level of a system's combined filter effluent
				  must not exceed 1 NTU at any time. Systems subject to the IESWTR using
				  technologies other than conventional, direct, slow sand, or diatomaceous earth
				  filtration must meet turbidity limits set by the Director. For systems subject
				  to the LT1ESWTR (systems serving fewer than 10,000 people, using surface water
				  or ground water under the direct influence of surface water) that use
				  conventional filtration or direct filtration, after January 14, 2005 the
				  turbidity level of a system's combined filter effluent may not exceed
				  0.3 NTU in at least 95% of monthly
				  measurements, and the turbidity level of a system's combined filter effluent
				  must not exceed 1 NTU at any time. Systems subject to the LT1ESWTR using
				  technologies other than conventional, direct, slow sand, or diatomaceous earth
				  filtration must meet turbidity limits set by the Director.
9. The bacteria detected by heterotrophic plate count (HPC)
				  are not necessarily harmful. HPC is simply an alternative method of determining
				  disinfectant residual levels. The number of such bacteria is an indicator of
				  whether there is enough disinfectant in the distribution system.
10. SWTR, IESWTR, and LT1ESWTR treatment technique violations
				  that involve turbidity exceedances may use the health effects language for
				  turbidity instead.
11. Million fibers per liter.
12. Action Level =
				  0.015 mg/L
13. Action Level =
				  1.3 mg/L
14. Millirems per year
15. Picocuries per liter
16. The uranium MCL is effective December 8, 2003 for all
				  community water systems.
17. Surface water systems and ground water systems under the
				  direct influence of surface water (GWUDI) are regulated under 179 NAC 13.
				  Surface water and GWUDI community and non-transient non-community systems
				  serving
>
10,000 individuals must comply with Title
				  179 NAC 16 DBP MCLs and disinfectant maximum residual disinfectant levels
				  MRDLs, beginning January 1, 2002. All other community and non-transient
				  non-community systems must comply with 179 NAC 16 DBP MCLs and disinfectant
				  MRDLs beginning January 1, 2004. Transient non-community systems using surface
				  water or ground water under the direct influence of surface water as a source
				  serving
>
10,000 individuals and that use chlorine
				  dioxide as a disinfectant or oxidant must comply with the chlorine dioxide MRDL
				  beginning January 1, 2002. All other transient non-community systems that use
				  chlorine dioxide as a disinfectant or oxidant must comply with the chlorine
				  dioxide MRDL beginning January 1, 2004.
18. Community and non-transient non-community systems must
				  comply with Title 179 NAC 24 TTHM and HAA5 MCLs of
				  0.080 mg/L and
				  0.060 mg/L, respectively (with
				  compliance calculated as a locational running annual average) on the schedule
				  in 179 NAC 24-003.
19. The MCL for total trihalomethanes is the sum of the
				  concentrations of the individual trihalomethanes.
20. The MCL for haloacetic acids is the sum of the
				  concentrations of the individual haloacetic acids.
21. MRDLG - Maximum residual disinfectant level goal.
22. MRDL - Maximum residual disinfectant level.