Michigan Administrative Code › Department - Labor and Economic Opportunity › MIOSHA › X-Ray Machine Registration › Ionizing Radiation Rules Governing the Use of Radiation Machines › Part 10 - VETERINARY X-RAY INSTALLATIONS › FIXED FLUOROSCOPIC INSTALLATIONS › Section R. 333.5411 - X-ray equipment

Current through Vol. 24-12, July 15, 2024
Rule 411.
(1)
						All x-ray tube housings in fixed fluoroscopic installations shall be of the
						diagnostic type.
(2) The aluminum
						equivalent of the total filtration permanently in the useful beam shall not be
						less than 2.5 millimeters aluminum.
(3) The source-patient distance on
						fluoroscopic machines should not be less than 45 centimeters (18 inches) and
						shall not be less than 30 centimeters (12 inches).
(4) Provision shall be made to intercept the
						scattered x-rays from the undersurface of the table top and other structures
						under the fluoroscopic table if the tube is mounted under the table. A cone or
						shield shall provide the same degree of attenuation as is required of the tube
						housing.
(5) A shielding device of
						at least 0.25 millimeter lead equivalence for covering the bucky slot during
						fluoroscopy shall be provided.
(6)
						A shielding device of at least 0.25 millimeter lead equivalence, such as
						overlapping protective drapes or hinged or sliding panels, shall be used to
						intercept scattered radiation that would otherwise reach the fluoroscopist and
						others near the machine.
(7) A
						fluoroscopic machine shall comply with both of the following:
(a) The entire cross section of the useful
						beam shall be intercepted by the primary protective barrier of the fluoroscopic
						image assembly at any SID. The fluoroscopic tube shall not produce x-rays
						unless the barrier is in position to intercept the entire useful beam. The
						exposure rate due to transmission through the barrier with the attenuation
						block in the useful beam combined with radiation from the image intensifier, if
						provided, shall not exceed 2 milliroentgens per hour at 10 centimeters from an
						accessible surface of the fluoroscopic imaging assembly beyond the plane of the
						image receptor for each roentgen per minute of entrance exposure
						rate.
(b) The entrance exposure
						rate shall be measured as described in subrule (15) of this rule. The exposure
						rate due to transmission through the primary barrier combined with radiation
						from the image intensifier shall be determined by measurements averaged over an
						area of 100 square centimeters with no linear dimension greater than 20
						centimeters. If the source is below the tabletop, the measurement shall be made
						with the input surface of the fluoroscopic imaging assembly positioned 30
						centimeters above the tabletop. If the source is above the tabletop and the SID
						is variable, the measurement shall be made with the end of the beam-limiting
						device or spacer as close to the tabletop as it can be placed, if it is not
						closer than 30 centimeters. Movable grids and compression devices shall be
						removed from the useful beam during the measurement. For all measurements, the
						attenuation block shall be positioned in the useful beam 10 centimeters from
						the point of measurement of the entrance exposure rate and between this point
						and the input surface of the fluoroscopic imaging assembly.