Michigan Administrative Code › Department - Labor and Economic Opportunity › MIOSHA › X-Ray Machine Registration › Ionizing Radiation Rules Governing the Use of Radiation Machines › Part 7 - MEDICAL X-RAY INSTALLATIONS › FIXED FLUOROSCOPIC INSTALLATIONS › Section R. 333.5337 - X-ray equipment

Current through Vol. 24-12, July 15, 2024
Rule 337.
(1)
						All x-ray tube housings of fixed fluoroscopic installations shall be of the
						diagnostic type.
(2) The beam
						quality shall comply with the provisions of R 333.5325(5) and R
						333.5325(6).
(3) Means shall be
						provided on all fluoroscopic machines to limit the source-skin distance to not
						less than 38 centimeters. For image intensified fluoroscopes intended for
						specific surgical application that would be prohibited at this source-skin
						distance, provisions may be made for operation at shorter distances but in no
						case less than 20 centimeters.
(4)
						Provision shall be made to intercept the scattered x-rays from the undersurface
						of the table top and other structures under the fluoroscopic table if the tube
						is mounted under the table. A cone or shield shall provide the same degree of
						attenuation as is required of the tube housing.
(5) A shielding device of at least 0.25
						millimeter lead equivalence for covering the bucky slot during fluoroscopy
						shall be provided.
(6) A shielding
						device of at least 0.25 millimeter lead equivalence, such as overlapping
						protective drapes or hinged or sliding panels, shall be used to intercept
						scattered radiation which would otherwise reach the fluoroscopist and others
						near the machine.
(7) The equipment
						shall be so constructed that, under conditions of normal use, the entire cross
						section of the useful beam is attenuated by a primary protective barrier,
						permanently incorporated into the equipment. The exposure shall automatically
						terminate when the barrier is removed from the useful beam.
(8) A fluoroscopic machine shall comply with
						both of the following:
(a) The entire cross
						section of the useful beam shall be intercepted by the primary protective
						barrier of the fluoroscopic image assembly at any SID. The fluoroscopic tube
						shall not produce x-rays unless the barrier is in position to intercept the
						entire useful beam. The exposure rate due to transmission through the barrier
						with the attenuation block in the useful beam combined with radiation from the
						image intensifier, if provided, shall not exceed 2 milliroentgens per hour at
						10 centimeters from any accessible surface of the fluoroscopic imaging assembly
						beyond the plane of the image receptor for each roentgen per minute of entrance
						exposure rate.
(b) The entrance
						exposure rate shall be measured pursuant to subrule (16) of this rule. The
						exposure rate due to transmission through the primary barrier combined with
						radiation from the image intensifier shall be determined by measurements
						averaged over an area of 100 square centimeters with no linear dimension
						greater than 20 centimeters. If the source is below the tabletop, the
						measurement shall be made with the input surface of the fluoroscopic imaging
						assembly positioned 30 centimeters above the tabletop. If the source is above
						the tabletop and the SID is variable, the measurement shall be made with the
						end of the beam-limiting device or spacer as close to the tabletop as it can be
						placed, if it is not closer than 30 centimeters. Movable grids and compression
						devices shall be removed from the useful beam during the measurement. For all
						measurements, the attenuation block shall be positioned in the useful beam 10
						centimeters from the point of measurement of the entrance exposure rate and
						between this point and the input surface of the fluoroscopic imaging
						assembly.