Kentucky Administrative Regulations › Title 401 - ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT CABINET - DEPARTMENT FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION › Chapter 59 - New Source Standards › Section 401 KAR 59:021 - New municipal solid waste incinerators

Current through Register Vol. 51, No. 1, July 1, 2024
RELATES TO:
				KRS
				224.20-100,
				224.20-110,
				224.20-120,
				40 C.F.R.
				60.13 (1990), 40 C.F.R. 60, Appendix A,
				Methods 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 6A, 6C, 7, 7E, 9, 10, and 19 (1990), 40 C.F.R. 60,
				Appendix B, Performance Specifications 1, 2, 3, and 4 (1990)
NECESSITY, FUNCTION, AND CONFORMITY:
				KRS
				224.10-100 requires the Environmental and
				Public Protection Cabinet to prescribe administrative regulations for the
				prevention, abatement, and control of air pollution. This administrative
				regulation provides standards of performance for new municipal solid waste
				incinerators.
Section 1. Definitions.
			 As used in this administrative regulation, all terms not defined in this
			 section shall have the meaning given them in
			 401 KAR
			 50:010.
(1)
			 "Affected facility" means each municipal solid waste incinerator unit for which
			 construction, modification, or reconstruction is commenced on or after December
			 20, 1989.
(2) "Municipal solid
			 waste incinerator" or "municipal solid waste incinerator unit" or "MSWI" or
			 "MSWI unit" means a device that combusts material, which if included in the
			 waste stream, would be municipal solid waste. This includes but is not limited
			 to, field-erected incinerators (with or without heat recovery), modular
			 incinerators (starved air or excess air), boilers (i.e., steam generating
			 units), and furnaces (whether suspension-fired, grate-fired, mass-fired, or
			 fluidized bed-fired).
(3) "ASME"
			 means the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
(4) "Biologicals" means a biological product
			 used in the prevention or treatment of disease.
(5) "Bubbling fluidized bed incinerator"
			 means a fluidized bed incinerator in which the majority of the bed material
			 remains in the primary combustion zone.
(6) "Chief facility operator" means the
			 person in direct charge and control of the operation of a MSWI and who is
			 responsible for daily on-site supervision, technical direction, management, and
			 overall performance of the facility.
(7) "Circulating fluidized bed incinerator"
			 means a fluidized bed incinerator in which the majority of the bed material is
			 carried out of the primary combustion zone and is transported back to the
			 primary zone through a recirculation loop.
(8) "Refuse-derived fuel cofired incinerator"
			 or "RDF cofired incinerator" means an incinerator that is designed to fire
			 refuse-derived fuel simultaneously with other fuels.
(9) "Commercial solid waste" means all types
			 of solid waste generated by stores, offices, restaurants, warehouses, and other
			 nonmanufacturing activities, excluding household and industrial wastes.
			 Commercial solid waste includes waste from medical facilities, schools, and
			 other institutions that is not medical waste.
(10) "Contained landfill" has the meaning
			 given it in 401 KAR 30:010.
(11)
			 "Continuous emission monitoring system" or "CEMS" means a monitoring system for
			 continuously measuring and recording the emissions of a pollutant from an
			 affected facility.
(12) "Daily
			 average" means the average of all hourly emission rates when the affected
			 facility is operating and firing municipal solid waste measured between 12
			 midnight and the following midnight.
(13) "Dioxin or furan" means total tetra-
			 through octa-chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and tetra-through octa-chlorinated
			 dibenzofurans.
(14) "Ferrous
			 metals" means metals and alloys containing iron. Ferrous metals include, but
			 are not limited to, pieces of scrap metal and household appliances made of
			 iron-containing metals, including stoves, refrigerators, air conditioners, and
			 other appliances. Ferrous metals shall not include whole automobiles or other
			 vehicles or vehicle bodies.
(15)
			 "Field-erected" means assembled from components at a final site of
			 operation.
(16) "Four (4) hour
			 block average" means the average of all hourly emission rates when the affected
			 facility is operating and combusting municipal solid waste measured over four
			 (4) hour periods of from 12 midnight to 4 a.m., 4 a.m. to 8 a.m., 8 a.m. to 12
			 noon, 12 noon to 4 p.m., 4 p.m. to 8 p.m., 8 p.m. to 12 midnight.
(17) "Hazardous waste" has the meaning given
			 it in
			 KRS
			 224.01-010.
(18) "Household battery" means a dry cell
			 battery.
(19) "Household solid
			 waste" means solid waste, including garbage and trash generated by single and
			 multiple family residences, hotels, motels, bunkhouses, ranger stations, crew
			 quarters, and recreational areas such as picnic areas, parks, and
			 campgrounds.
(20) "Industrial
			 waste" means a liquid, gaseous, or solid waste substance resulting from a
			 process of industry, manufacture, trade, or business, or from the development,
			 process, or recovery of a natural resource.
(21) "Large MSWI plant" means a MSWI plant
			 with a MSWI plant capacity greater than 225 megagrams per day (250 tons per
			 day) of municipal solid waste.
(22)
			 "Mass burn refractory incinerator" means an incinerator that combusts waste in
			 a refractory wall furnace.
(23)
			 "Mass burn rotary waterwall incinerator" means an incinerator that combusts
			 waste in a cylindrical rotary waterwall furnace.
(24) "Mass burn waterwall incinerator" means
			 an incinerator that combusts waste in a conventional waterwall
			 furnace.
(25) "Maximum MSWI unit
			 load" means the maximum one (1) hour MSWI load achieved when compliance with
			 all applicable administrative regulations is demonstrated or during a
			 subsequent test demonstrating compliance at a higher unit load.
(26) "Medical waste" means:
(a) Cultures and stocks of infectious agents,
			 including specimen cultures collected from medical and pathological
			 laboratories, cultures and stocks of infectious agents from research and
			 industrial laboratories, wastes from the production of biologicals, discarded
			 live and attenuated vaccines, and culture dishes and devices used to transfer,
			 inoculate, and mix cultures;
(b)
			 Waste human blood and blood products such as serum, plasma, and other blood
			 components;
(c) Pathological
			 wastes, such as tissues, organs, body parts, and body fluids that are removed
			 during surgery and autopsy;
(d) All
			 discarded sharps, including but not limited to hypodermic needles, syringes,
			 Pasteur pipettes, broken glass, scalpels, scalpel blades, glass vials, etc.,
			 used in patient care, autopsy, embalming, or which have come into contact with
			 infectious agents during use in medical, research, or industrial
			 laboratories;
(e) Carcasses and
			 body parts of animals that were exposed to pathogens in research, in the
			 production of biologicals, or in the in vivo testing of pharmaceuticals;
			 and
(f) Other wastes as may be
			 designated by a permit issued by the Division for Air Quality.
(27) "Modular excess air
			 incinerator" means an incinerator that combusts waste and that is not
			 field-erected and has multiple combustion chambers, all of which are designed
			 to operate at conditions with combustion air amounts in excess of theoretical
			 air requirements.
(28) "Modular
			 starved air incinerator" means an incinerator that combusts waste and that is
			 not field-erected and has multiple combustion chambers in which the primary
			 combustion chamber is designed to operate at substoichiometric
			 conditions.
(29) "Multiple chamber
			 incinerator" means an incinerator consisting of at least two (2) refractory
			 lined combustion chambers (primary and secondary) in series, physically
			 separated by refractory walls, and interconnected by gas passage ports or
			 ducts.
(30) "Municipal solid waste"
			 or "MSW" means household solid waste and commercial solid waste. Medical waste
			 shall not be considered to be MSW, but may be regulated by other administrative
			 regulations of the Division for Air Quality, including but not limited to
			 401 KAR
			 59:023 or Title 401, Chapter 63.
(31) "Normal" means a volumetric measurement
			 at thirty-two (32) degrees Fahrenheit and one (1) atmosphere.
(32) "Particulate matter" means total
			 particulate matter emitted from MSWI units.
(33) "Particulate matter carry-over" means
			 particulate matter which is passed from the primary chamber of an incinerator
			 into the flue gas stream.
(34)
			 "Processed MSW or refuse-derived fuel" or "processed MSW or RDF" means MSW or
			 refuse-derived fuel that has been processed to separate materials for recovery
			 prior to combustion in a MSWI unit. MSW or RDF shall be considered to be
			 processed MSW or RDF if an overall forty (40) percent or greater reduction by
			 weight (annual average) of MSW is achieved through the separation of
			 recoverable materials. A maximum of fifteen (15) percent reduction (by weight)
			 of the overall MSW shall be attributed to separation of yard waste. The forty
			 (40) percent or greater overall reduction requirement may be achieved by
			 on-site mechanical separation, on-site manual separation, off-site mechanical
			 separation, off-site manual separation, or a curbside source reduction or
			 materials separation (recycling) program, or a combination thereof.
(35) "RDF spreader stoker" means a steam
			 generating unit that combusts RDF in a semisus-pension firing mode using
			 air-fed distributors.
(36)
			 "Recoverable materials" means paper, paperboard, ferrous metals, nonferrous
			 metals, glass, plastics, household batteries, and yard waste.
(37) "Refuse-derived fuel" or "RDF" means a
			 type of MSW produced by processing MSW through shredding and size
			 classification. This includes all classes of RDF including low density fluff
			 RDF through densified RDF fuel pellets.
(38) "Same location" means the same or
			 contiguous property that is under common ownership or control, including
			 properties that are separated only by a street, road, highway, or other public
			 right-of-way. Common ownership or control includes properties that are owned,
			 leased, or operated by the same entity, parent entity, subsidiary, subdivision,
			 or a combination thereof, including a municipality or other governmental unit,
			 or a quasi-governmental authority (e.g., a public utility district or waste
			 management district).
(39) "Shift
			 supervisor" means the person in direct charge and control of the operation of a
			 MSWI and who is responsible for on-site supervision, technical direction,
			 management, and overall performance of the facility during an assigned
			 shift.
(40) "Small MSWI plant"
			 means a MSWI plant with a MSWI plant capacity of greater than 500 pounds per
			 hour but less than or equal to 225 megagrams per day (250 tons per day) of
			 municipal solid waste.
(41) "Solid
			 waste" has the meaning given it in
			 KRS
			 224.01-010.
(42) "Solid waste burnout" means the percent
			 of matter completely burned in the primary chamber of a MSWI.
(43) "Standard" means a volumetric
			 measurement at sixty-eight (68) degrees Fahrenheit and one (1)
			 atmosphere.
(44) "MSWI acid gases"
			 means sulfur dioxide and hydrogen chloride gases emitted from MSWI
			 units.
(45) "MSWI metals" means
			 condensible metals emitted from MSWI units. For the purpose of this
			 administrative regulation, particulate matter shall serve as a surrogate for
			 the measurement and control of MSWI metals.
(46) "MSWI organics" means organic compounds
			 emitted from MSWI units and includes diox-ins or furans. For the purpose of
			 this administrative regulation, dioxin or furan shall serve as a surrogate for
			 the measurement and control of MSWI organics.
(47) "MSWI plant" means one (1) or more MSWI
			 units at the same location for which construction, modification, or
			 reconstruction is commenced on or after December 20, 1989.
(48) "MSWI plant capacity" means the
			 aggregate MSWI unit capacity of all MSWI units at a MSWI plant. MSWI units for
			 which construction, modification, or reconstruction is commenced before
			 December 20, 1989, shall not be included for determining applicability under
			 this administrative regulation.
(49) "MSWI unit capacity" means the maximum
			 designed charging rate of the waste for an individual MSWI.
(50) "MSWI unit load" means volume of steam
			 produced expressed in kilograms per hour (pounds per hour) of steam.
(51) "Uncontrolled hydrogen chloride emission
			 rate" means the hydrogen chloride emission rate that would occur from
			 combustion of MSW in the absence of hydrogen chloride emissions
			 control.
(52) "Uncontrolled sulfur
			 dioxide emission rate" means the sulfur dioxide emission rate that would occur
			 from combustion of MSW in the absence of sulfur dioxide emissions
			 control.
(53) "Unprocessed MSW or
			 RDF" means MSW or RDF that has not been processed to separate materials for
			 recovery prior to combustion or for which less than a forty (40) percent
			 reduction by weight (annual average) of MSW is achieved.
(54) "Vehicle battery" means a wet lead-acid
			 battery.
(55) "Waste management
			 district" has the meaning given it in
			 KRS
			 224.01-010.
(56) "Yard waste" means vegetative matter
			 removed as a result of outdoor maintenance practices from residential and
			 commercial yards, municipal parks, gardens, golf courses, and other similar
			 areas, and includes, but is not limited to, grass trimmings, tree branches,
			 straw, and leaves.