Louisiana Administrative Code › Title 28 - EDUCATION › Part CXLI - Bulletin 127-LEAP Alternate Assessment, Level 1 (LPAA 1) Extended Standards › Chapter 3 - English Language Arts › Subchapter A - General › Section CXLI-303 - Definitions

Current through Register Vol. 50, No. 6, June 20, 2024
Affix
- a letter or group of letters
					 attached to the beginning and/or end of a root word that changes its meaning or
					 function, such as the prefix
un-
and the suffix
-er
(e.g., unknown; teacher).
Climax
-in a story or play, the turning
					 point or highest point of interest in the action of the plot. (See
Plot
					 Sequence
.)
Connotative
-t he emotional, implied,
					 or suggested meaning attached to a word that goes beyond its literal
					 meaning.
Deductive Reasoning
-the process of
					 logical reasoning that proceeds from the more general to the more specific;
					 reasoning from whole to parts.
Denotative
-the literal meaning or
					 dictionary definition of a word.
Dialect
-the social or regional variation
					 of a language as it differs from the standard language.
Etymology
-the study of words-their
					 origins, history, and meanings.
Fiction
-literary writing whose content
					 comes from the imagination and is not necessarily based on fact but is designed
					 to entertain; specifically, a type of literature, especially prose (novels,
					 short stories, and forms of folklore).
Foreshadowing
-the technique of arranging
					 events and information in a narrative so that later events are set up
					 beforehand.
Graphic Organizer
-a representation of
					 information in forms such as maps, charts, graphs (including pie charts and bar
					 graphs), or tables, which visually organize information to identify patterns
					 and relationships.
Homonym
-one of two or more words that
					 have the same sound and often the same spelling but that differ in meaning,
					 such as bay (a body of water) and bay (part of a window).
Idiom
-a verbal expression that does not
					 mean what it literally says and which may not be understood without local
					 knowledge of the given language. For example:
you're barking up the
					 wrong tree
is the equivalent to arriving at the wrong
					 conclusion.
Inference
-process of drawing a conclusion
					 or making a logical judgment based on prior conclusions or evidence but without
					 direct observation.
Irony
-a literary technique for implying,
					 through words, plot, or character development, that the actual comments or
					 situation is quite different from what is asserted. The author's use of tone,
					 exaggeration, or understatement often suggests the opposite of the literal
					 meaning of the words used.
Literary Devices
-rhetorical elements
					 (such as metaphor, foreshadowing, flashback, allusion, symbolism, irony,
					 hyperbole, etc.) used to create a desired mood or tone in a piece of
					 writing.
Metaphor
-a figure of speech that makes an
					 implied comparison between two things, such as,
her hair is coal
					 black
.
Mood
-the emotional state expressed in a
					 literary work.
Nonfiction
-a genre of writing designed to
					 explain, argue, or describe a real event rather than to tell an invented story.
					 A type of prose other than fiction but including biography and
					 autobiography.
Personification
-a metaphorical figure of
					 speech in which nonhumans (plants, animals, objects, or concepts) are given
					 human qualities (e.g., The dish ran away with the spoon.).
Phonemic Awareness
-an understanding of
					 the sounds (phonemes) that make up syllables and spoken words.
Phonics
-the application of sound-symbol
					 relationships to read and write words.
Plot Sequence
-the structure of the
					 actions of a narrative or drama. The classic plot sequence is as
					 follows:
1. exposition;
2. rising action;
3. climax; and
4. falling action leading to resolution.
Prefix
-an affix (a letter or group of
					 letters) that comes before a base or root word, such as
re
at
					 the start of
reheat
.
Resolution
-the part of a story following
					 the climax in which the conflict is resolved.
Rising Action
-the part of a story in
					 which the plot becomes increasingly complicated and introduces the conflict.
					 Rising action generally leads to the climax of the story.
Simile
-a comparison of two things that is
					 apparently dissimilar, usually using the words
like
or
as
, for example:
feet as cold as ice
.
Story Elements
-typical components that
					 make up a story's structure and can be discussed individually, such as plot,
					 characters, setting, theme, conflict, and outcome.
Style-
an author's distinctive manner of
					 using language that suits his or her ideas and purpose in writing. An author's
					 style often reflects his or her personality and beliefs and appears through
					 each writer's characteristic ways of arranging ideas and use of diction,
					 sentence structures, rhythm, figures of speech, and other elements of
					 composition.
Suffix
-an affix (a letter or group of
					 letters) that comes at the end of a base or root word that changes the meaning
					 or grammatical function of the word, such as
-s
at the end of
teachers
or
asks
.
Symbol and Symbolism-
Symbol
-a word or a set of words that
					 signifies an object or event which itself signifies something else. Scales, for
					 example, symbolize justice; a dove, peace; the lion, strength and
					 courage.
Symbolism
-the use of a concrete image to
					 express an emotion or an abstract idea, such as the white whale representing
					 the concept of evil in
Moby Dick
.
Theme
-a main idea or central idea that
					 may be stated directly or indirectly. A theme may be profound, difficult to
					 understand, or even moralistic. Generally a theme can be extracted as the
					 reader explores a text.
Thesis Statement
-the main point or
					 argument of which an author or speaker tries to convince an audience through
					 writing or speech.
Tone
-the reflections of an author's
					 attitude toward the topic and the audience as suggested by his or her word
					 choices and stylistic efforts, for example, using a formal or informal tone.
					 The tone of a text may also indicate the message or reaction that an author
					 hopes for from the audience.
Visual Texts
-information conveyed with
					 images, or with meaningful patterns or sequences. Visual texts range from
					 diagrams to documentaries. Other examples include tables, flowcharts,
					 storyboards, picture glossaries, maps, and movies.
AUTHORITY NOTE:
					 Promulgated in accordance with
					 R.S.
					 17:24.4.