Louisiana Administrative Code › Title 28 - EDUCATION › Part CLIX - Bulletin 136-Louisiana Early Learning and Development Standards for Children Birth to Five Years › Chapter 9 - Glossary › Section CLIX-901 - Definitions

Current through Register Vol. 50, No. 6, June 20, 2024
Alliteration
-the repetition of the same
				  consonant sounds in a series of two or more neighboring words or syllables
				  (e.g., bouncing baby boy, ba-be-bi-bo-boo, etc.).
Attachment
-the strong emotional tie
				  children feel with special people in their lives (family members and other
				  caregivers).
Attend
-to pay attention to
				  something.
Attention
-the ability to concentrate on an
				  object, person, or event; to carefully observe or listen to something.
Attribute
-a characteristic used to describe
				  an object such as shape, color, size, etc.
Blending
-the process of forming a word by
				  combining parts of words. For example, when you blend the sounds /b/a/t/
				  together, they become the word "bat."
Cardinality
-the concept of "how many" or
				  the understanding that the last number identified when counting objects in a
				  set represents "how many" are in the set. For example, the cardinality of the
				  set {1 - 2 - 3} is 3.
Classify
-to arrange or organize according
				  to class or category. For example, a child might arrange a set of blocks
				  according to color, with all of the red blocks are in one group and all of the
				  blue blocks in another group.
Comparative Language
-using words that note
				  the degree of similarity or difference between two or more objects.
Conflict Resolution
-learning to resolve a
				  disagreement or argument in a calm and constructive manner.
Cooperative Play
-any organized play among a
				  group of children in which activities are planned for the purpose of achieving
				  some goal (e.g., pretending to be a group of firefighters).
Culture
-characteristics of a particular
				  group of people that are based on shared knowledge, experiences, beliefs,
				  values, attitudes, and/or understandings. May be expressed through shared or
				  common language, religion, music, cuisine, art, and/or social habits.
Digital Tools
-a broad range of electronic
				  devices such as computers, tables, multi-touch screens, interaction
				  whiteboards, mobile devices, cameras, DVD and music players, etc.
Empathy
-the ability to understand or
				  identify with another person's situation and/or feelings.
Engaged
-to take part in; to be involved
				  with an object, activity and/or person.
English Language Learners (ELL)
-refers to
				  children to who are learning a second language at the same time they are
				  learning English.
Expressive Language
-the ability to use
				  words or gestures to communicate meaning.
Family Culture
-a family's way of life, this
				  includes their beliefs, customs, and behaviors.
Fiction
-literature (e.g., books, stories,
				  poems) where the people and events are imaginary.
Fine Motor Skills
-tasks that use the
				  smaller muscles of the body such as those in the wrists or fingers. Includes
				  skills such as reaching, grasping, writing/drawing, or picking up small
				  objects.
Gross Motor Skills
-tasks that use the gross
				  or large muscles of the body like those in the arms, legs, and core. Includes
				  skills such as running, climbing, kicking, throwing, etc.
Hypothesize
-to come up with an explanation
				  or idea about something that can be tested by further investigation. For
				  example, a child might hypothesize about what will happen when blue and yellow
				  paint is mixed together.
Imitate Inflection
-mimic changes in an
				  adult's voice (e.g., changes in pitch or tone).
Intense Attention
-an ability to focus
				  intently or with great effort.
Joint Attention
-a state in which the child
				  and the caregiver pay attention to the same object or event, and the caregiver
				  often talks about what they are looking at.
Learning Scheme
-refers to the way in which
				  young children begin to learn about their environment and how they organize
				  information they take in from the environment. For example, a toddler discovers
				  that a ball bounces when dropped from the high chair, and begins to experiment
				  to see if other objects will bounce when dropped.
Locomotor
-refers to movement; basic
				  locomotor skills include walking, running, hopping, jumping, skipping,
				  etc.
Manipulatives
-materials that allow children
				  to explore, experiment, and interact by using their hands. Such items include,
				  but are not limited to, beads and laces, puzzles, small blocks, playdough,
				  lacing cards, and items that can be snapped, zipped or hooked together, to name
				  a few.
Melody
-a series of musical notes arranged
				  in succession.
Numeral
-the symbol that is used to
				  represent a number (e.g., 3 or III).
One-to-One Correspondence
-the ability to
				  match each item in one set to another item within a different, but equal set
				  (e.g., matching a set of socks with a set of shoes).
Onset
-a part of spoken language that is
				  smaller than a syllable, but larger than a phoneme. It is the initial consonant
				  sound of a syllable (The onset of bag is b-; of swim, sw-).
Open-Ended Questions
-a question that tends
				  to be broader and will require more than a one- or two-word response (e.g.,
				  How? Why? Where?).
Ordinal Number
-a whole number that names
				  the position of an object in a sequence (e.g., first, second, third,
				  etc.).
Palming
-scooping small objects, such as
				  Cheerios, into the palm of their hand. This is called palming objects.
Pantomime
-communicating by way of gesture
				  or facial expression.
Parallel Talk
and
Self-Talk
-
Parallel Talk
-Adults talking to a child,
				  describing what the child is doing.
Self-Talk
-words or dialogue adults use to
				  describe what they are doing.
Persistence
-a child's ability to continue
				  an activity or continue working on a task in spite of challenges that could
				  discourage the child from continuing to try.
Phoneme
-a sound unit of speech.
Phonemic Awareness
-ability to hear and
				  identify parts of the spoken language and auditorily divide into
				  phonemes.
Pincer Grasp
-the child's use of the thumb
				  and forefinger to pick up or manipulate small objects.
Positional Words
-words that are used to
				  describe the location of something or to give directions related to movement
				  (e.g., up, down, left, right, etc.).
Problem-Solving
-behaviors practiced by
				  young children that allow them to explore questions or situations and try
				  different solutions.
Raking Grasp
-infants use their hands to
				  "rake" objects toward them and open their fingers to grasp an object.
Receptive Language
-the child's ability to
				  understand what is being said or communicated by others.
Replicate
-to reproduce, imitate, or
				  copy.
Rhythm
-musical term that refers to the
				  repeated pattern of sounds or silences. Also referred to as the "beat" of a
				  song.
Rime
-the part of a syllable that contains
				  the vowel and all that follows it (e.g., the rime of bag is ag; of swim,
				  -im).
Segment
-the ability to identify how many
				  words are in a sentence (e.g., children will clap to each individual word) or
				  how many syllables are in a word (e.g., children will clap to each syllable,
				  "ba-by").
Self-Concept
-the set of attributes,
				  abilities, attitudes, and values that an individual believes defines who he or
				  she is.
Self-Efficacy
-belief in one's ability to
				  accomplish a task, goal or outcome.
Self-Regulate
-the ability to control one's
				  emotions and/or behaviors.
Self-Soothe
-the ability to calm oneself
				  when upset or to soothe oneself to sleep.
Seriate
-the ability to arrange items in
				  order along a dimension such as height, length, or weight (e.g., putting pegs
				  in holes shortest to tallest or arranging pictures of three bears in order
				  littlest to biggest, etc.).
Social Stimulation
-opportunities that
				  children have to interact and develop relationships with others.
Stamina
-the ability to sustain prolonged
				  physical or mental effort.
Standard Measurement
vs.
Non-Standard Measurement
-
Standard Measurement
-a measure determined
				  by the use of standard units such as inches, feet, pound, cups, etc.
Non-Standard Measurement
-a measure that is
				  not determined by the use of standard units (e.g., blocks, string).
Subitize
-to perceive how many objects are
				  in a group, without counting. For example, recognize at a glance that there are
				  three objects in a group.
Syllable
-a part of a word that contains a
				  vowel or, in spoken language, a vowel sound.
Sympathy
-acknowledging how another person
				  is feeling and perhaps trying to provide some comfort or assurance to the
				  person.
Temperament
-the combination of mental,
				  physical, and emotional traits of a person; a person's natural
				  predisposition.
Tempo
-musical term that refers to the
				  measure of how quickly a beat is played. Tempo is measured in beats per minute
				  (bpm).
Tone
-any sound considered with reference to
				  its quality, pitch, strength, source, etc.
AUTHORITY NOTE:
				  Promulgated in accordance with
				  R.S.
				  17:6(A)(10).