Illinois Administrative Code › Title 77 - PUBLIC HEALTH › Part 690 - CONTROL OF NOTIFIABLE DISEASES AND CONDITIONS CODE › Subpart A - GENERAL PROVISIONS › Section 690.10 - Definitions

Current through Register Vol. 48, No. 28, July 12, 2024
"Acceptable Laboratory" - A laboratory that is certified
				  under the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, Department of Health and
				  Human Services, Laboratory Requirements (42 CFR 493), which
				  implements the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988
				  (42 U.S.C.
				  263).
"Act" - The Department of Public Health Act of the Civil
				  Administrative Code of Illinois [20 ILCS 2305 ].
"Airborne Precautions" or "Airborne Infection Isolation
				  Precautions" - Infection control measures designed to reduce the risk of
				  transmission of infectious agents that may be suspended in the air in either
				  dust particles or small particle aerosols (airborne droplet nuclei (5 µm
				  or smaller in size)) (see Section
				  690.20(a)(7)).
"Arboviral Infection or Disease" - Diseases caused by
				  infection from a group of RNA viruses that are transmitted to humans from the
				  bite of infected blood-sucking arthropods, including ticks, mosquitoes,
				  sandflies and biting midges with clinical manifestations ranging from mild
				  febrile illness to severe encephalitis.
"Authenticated Fecal Specimen" - A specimen for which a
				  public health authority or a person authorized by a public health authority has
				  observed either or both the patient producing the specimen or conditions under
				  which no one other than the case, carrier or contact could be the source of the
				  specimen.
"Bioterrorist Threat or Event" - The intentional use of any
				  microorganism, virus, infectious substance or biological product that may be
				  engineered as a result of biotechnology, or any naturally occurring or
				  bioengineered component of any microorganism, virus, infectious substance, or
				  biological product, to cause death, disease or other biological malfunction in
				  a human, an animal, a plant or another living organism.
"Business" - A person, partnership or corporation engaged in
				  commerce, manufacturing or a service.
"Carbapenem Antibiotics" - A class of broad-spectrum
				  beta-lactam antibiotics.
"Carrier" - A living or deceased person who harbors a
				  specific infectious agent in the absence of discernible clinical disease and
				  serves as a potential source of infection for others.
"Case" - Any living or deceased person having a recent
				  illness due to a notifiable condition.
"Confirmed Case" - A case that is classified as confirmed in
				  accordance with federal or State case definitions.
"Probable Case" - A case that is classified as probable in
				  accordance with federal or State case definitions.
"Suspect Case" - A case whose medical history or symptoms
				  suggest that the person may have or may be developing a communicable disease or
				  notifiable condition and who does not yet meet the definition of a probable or
				  confirmed case in accordance with federal or State case definitions.
"CDC" - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
"Certified Local Health Department" - A local health
				  authority that is certified pursuant to Section
				  600.210 of the Certified Local
				  Health Department Code (77 Ill. Adm. Code 600).
"Chain of Custody" - The methodology of tracking specimens
				  for the purpose of maintaining control and accountability from initial
				  collection to final disposition of the specimens and providing for
				  accountability at each stage of collecting, handling, testing, storing, and
				  transporting the specimens and reporting test results.
"Child Care Facility" - A center, private home, or drop-in
				  facility open on a regular basis where children are enrolled for care or
				  education.
"Cleaning" - The removal of visible soil (organic and
				  inorganic material) from objects and surfaces, normally accomplished by manual
				  or mechanical means using water with detergents or enzymatic products.
"Clinical Materials" - A clinical isolate containing the
				  infectious agent, or other material containing the infectious agent or evidence
				  of the infectious agent.
"Closure" - A selective restriction on, limitation to, or
				  denial of entry to an area, building, or part of an area or building, or the
				  stoppage or suspension of operations, services or activities within an area,
				  building or business or part of an area, building or business where persons are
				  exposed to, infected with, or reasonably suspected to be infected with, a
				  notifiable disease, or to prevent transmission of a notifiable disease or
				  condition among a vulnerable population.
"Closure, Modified" - A selective, partial restriction on,
				  limitation to, or denial of entry to an area, building, or part of an area or
				  building, or the stoppage or suspension of operations, services or activities
				  within an area, building or business or part of an area, building or business
				  where persons are exposed to, infected with, or reasonably suspected to be
				  infected with, a notifiable disease or condition, or to prevent transmission of
				  a notifiable disease or condition among a vulnerable population. Modified
				  closure is designed to meet particular situations and includes, but is not
				  limited to, limiting or discontinuing admissions, closing a specific area,
				  discontinuing a medical procedure or use of a medical device, or ceasing food
				  production or serving a particular implicated food product.
"Cluster" - Two or more persons with a similar illness or
				  condition, usually associated by place or time, unless defined otherwise in
				  Subpart D.
"Communicable Disease" - An illness or condition caused by an
				  infectious agent or its toxins that occurs through the direct or indirect
				  transmission of the infectious agent or its products from an infected
				  individual or via an animal, vector or the inanimate object or environment to a
				  susceptible animal or human host.
"Contact" - Any person known to have been sufficiently
				  associated with or exposed to a case or carrier of a communicable disease to
				  have been the source of infection for that person or to have been sufficiently
				  associated with the case or carrier of a communicable disease to have become
				  infected by the case or carrier; and, based on the knowledge of disease
				  transmission, there is a risk of the individual contracting the infectious
				  disease. A contact can be a household or non-household contact.
"Contact Precautions" - Infection prevention and control
				  measures designed to reduce the risk of transmission of infectious agents that
				  can be spread through direct contact with the suspected or known case or
				  indirect contact with potentially infectious items or surfaces (see Section
				  690.20(a)(7)).
"Contagious Disease" - An infectious disease that can be
				  transmitted from person to person by direct or indirect
				  contact
.
"Dangerously Contagious or Infectious Disease" - An illness
				  due to a specific infectious agent or its toxic products that arises through
				  transmission of that agent or its products from an infected person, animal or
				  inanimate reservoir to a susceptible host, either directly or indirectly
				  through an intermediate plant or animal host, a vector or the inanimate
				  environment, and may pose an imminent and significant threat to the public
				  health, resulting in severe morbidity or high mortality.
"Decontamination"
-
A procedure that removes
				  pathogenic microorganisms from objects so they are safe to handle, use or
				  discard.
"Department" - The Illinois Department of Public Health or
				  designated agent.
"Diarrhea" - The occurrence of three or more loose stools
				  within a 24-hour period.
"Director" - The Director of the Department, or his or her
				  duly designated officer or agent.
"Disinfection" - A process, generally less lethal than
				  sterilization, that eliminates virtually all recognized pathogenic
				  microorganisms, but not necessarily all microbial forms (e.g., bacterial
				  spores).
"Droplet Precautions" - Infection prevention and control
				  measures designed to reduce the risk of transmission of infectious agents via
				  large particle droplets that do not remain suspended in the air and are usually
				  generated by coughing, sneezing, or talking (see Section
				  690.20(a)(7)).
"Electronic Disease Surveillance System" or "EDSS" - A
				  secure, web-based electronic disease surveillance system utilized by health
				  care providers, laboratories and State and local health department staff to
				  report notifiable diseases and conditions, and to collect and analyze
				  additional demographic, epidemiological and medical information for
				  surveillance purposes and outbreak detection and response.
"Electronic Laboratory Reporting (ELR)" - The electronic
				  transmission from laboratories to public health of laboratory reports which
				  identify notifiable diseases and conditions.
"Electronic Case Reporting (eCR)" - The automated, real-time
				  exchange of case report information between electronic health records (EHRs)
				  and public health agencies of notifiable diseases and conditions.
"Emergency" - An occurrence or imminent threat of an illness
				  or health condition that:
is believed to be caused by any of the following:
bioterrorism;
the appearance of a novel or previously controlled or
				  eradicated infectious agent or biological toxin;
a natural disaster;
a chemical attack or accidental release; or
a nuclear attack or incident; and
poses a high probability of any of the following
				  harms:
a large number of deaths in the affected population;
a large number of serious or long-term disabilities in the
				  affected population; or
widespread exposure to an infectious or toxic agent that
				  poses a significant risk of substantial future harm to a large number of people
				  in the affected population.
"Emergency Care" - The performance of rapid acts or
				  procedures under emergency conditions, especially for those who are stricken
				  with sudden and acute illness or who are the victims of severe trauma, in the
				  observation, care and counsel of persons who are ill or injured or who have
				  disabilities.
"Emergency Care Provider" - A person who provides rapid acts
				  or procedures under emergency conditions, especially for those who are stricken
				  with sudden and acute illness or who are the victims of severe trauma, in the
				  observation, care and counsel of persons who are ill or injured or who have
				  disabilities.
"Enhanced Barrier Precautions" - An infection prevention and
				  control intervention designed to reduce transmission of antimicrobial resistant
				  organisms that employs targeted gown, glove, and other personal protective
				  equipment use during high contact resident care activities.
"Epidemic" - The occurrence in a community or region of cases
				  of a communicable disease or condition (or an outbreak) clearly in excess of
				  expectancy.
"Exclusion" - Removal of individuals from a setting in which
				  the possibility of disease transmission exists. For a food handler, this means
				  to prevent a person from working as an employee in a food establishment or
				  entering a food establishment as an employee.
"Extensively Drug-Resistant Organisms" or "XDRO" - A pathogen
				  that is difficult to treat because it is non-susceptible to all or nearly all
				  antimicrobials.
"Fever" - The elevation of body temperature above the normal
				  (typically considered greater than or equal to
				  100.4 degrees
				  Fahrenheit).
"First Responder" - Individuals who in the early stages of an
				  incident are responsible for the protection and preservation of life, property,
				  evidence, and the environment, including emergency response providers as
				  defined in section 2 of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C.
				  101), as well as emergency management, public
				  health, clinical care, public works, behavioral health, and other skilled
				  support personnel (such as equipment operators) that provide immediate support
				  services during prevention, response, and recovery operations.
"Food Handler" - Any person who has the potential to transmit
				  foodborne pathogens to others from working with unpackaged food, food
				  equipment, clean utensils, oral medications, or food-contact surfaces; any
				  person who has the potential to transmit foodborne pathogens to others by
				  directly preparing or handling food drinks, or providing oral medications or
				  oral care. Food handler does not include individuals in private homes preparing
				  or serving food for individual family consumption.
"Health Care" - Care, services and supplies related to the
				  health of an individual. Health care includes preventive, diagnostic,
				  therapeutic, rehabilitative, maintenance or palliative care, and counseling,
				  among other services. Health care also includes the sale and dispensing of
				  prescription drugs or devices.
"Health Care Facility" - Any institution, building or agency,
				  or portion of an institution, building or agency, whether public or private
				  (for-profit or nonprofit), that is used, operated or designed to provide health
				  services, medical treatment or nursing, rehabilitative or preventive care to
				  any person or persons. This includes, but is not limited to, ambulatory
				  surgical treatment centers, home health agencies, hospices, hospitals,
				  end-stage renal disease facilities, long-term care facilities, medical
				  assistance facilities, mental health centers, outpatient facilities, public
				  health centers, rehabilitation facilities, residential treatment facilities,
				  school health offices, medical spas, and adult day care centers.
"Health Care Provider" - Any person or entity who provides
				  health care services, including, but not limited to, hospitals, medical clinics
				  and offices, certified midwives, long-term care facilities, medical
				  laboratories, physicians, pharmacists, dentists, physician assistants, nurse
				  practitioners, nurses, paramedics, emergency medical or laboratory technicians,
				  and ambulance and emergency workers.
"Health Care Worker" - Any person who is employed by,
				  volunteers his or her services to or learning in a student or trainee role at a
				  health care facility to provide direct personal services to others. This
				  definition includes, but is not limited to, physicians, dentists, nurses and
				  nursing assistants.
"Health Information Exchange" - The mobilization of
				  healthcare information electronically securely across organizations within a
				  state, region, community or hospital system; or, for purposes of this Part, an
				  electronic network whose purpose is to accomplish the exchange, or an
				  organization that oversees and governs the network.
"Health Level Seven" - Health Level Seven International or
				  "HL7" is a not-for-profit, American National Standards Institute
				  (ANSI)-accredited standards developing organization dedicated to providing a
				  comprehensive framework and related standards for the exchange, integration,
				  sharing and retrieval of electronic health information that supports clinical
				  practice and the management, delivery and evaluation of health services. HL7
				  produces standards for message formats, such as HL7
				  2.5.1, that are adopted for use
				  in public health data exchange between health care providers and public
				  health.
"Immediate Care" - The delivery of ambulatory care in a
				  facility dedicated to the delivery of medical care outside of a hospital
				  emergency department, usually on an unscheduled, walk-in basis. Immediate care
				  facilities are primarily used to treat patients who have an injury or illness
				  that requires immediate care but is not serious enough to warrant a visit to an
				  emergency department.
"Incubation Period" - The time interval between initial
				  contact with an infectious agent and the first appearance of symptoms
				  associated with the infection.
"Infectious Disease" - A disease caused by a living organism
				  or other pathogen, including a fungus, bacteria, parasite, protozoan, prion, or
				  virus. An infectious disease may, or may not, be transmissible from person to
				  person, animal to person, or insect to person.
"Infection preventionist" - A person designated by a
				  hospital, nursing home, medical clinic, or other health care facility as having
				  responsibility for prevention, detection, reporting, and control of infections
				  within the facility.
"Institution" - An established organization or foundation,
				  especially one dedicated to education, public service, or culture, or a place
				  for the care of persons who are destitute, disabled, or mentally ill.
"Institutions of Higher Education" - Any place and/or
				  building, or portion thereof, that offers or is intended to provide
				  post-secondary education, including colleges and universities.
"Isolation" - The physical separation and confinement of an
				  individual or groups of individuals who are infected or reasonably believed to
				  be infected with a contagious or possibly contagious disease from non-isolated
				  individuals, to prevent or limit the transmission of the disease to
				  non-isolated individuals.
"Isolation, Modified" - A selective, partial limitation of
				  freedom of movement or actions of a person or group of persons infected with,
				  or reasonably suspected to be infected with, a contagious or infectious
				  disease. Modified isolation is designed to meet particular situations and
				  includes, but is not limited to, the exclusion of children from school, the
				  prohibition or restriction from engaging in a particular occupation or using
				  public or mass transportation, or requirements for the use of devices or
				  procedures intended to limit disease transmission.
"Isolation Precautions" - Infection control measures for
				  preventing the transmission of infectious agents, i.e., standard precautions,
				  airborne precautions (also known as airborne infection isolation precautions),
				  contact precautions, droplet precautions and transmission-based precautions
				  (see Section 690.20(a)(7)).
"Law" - The Department of Public Health Powers and Duties Law
				  of the Civil Administrative Code of Illinois [20 ILCS 2310
				  ].
"Least Restrictive" - The minimal limitation of the freedom
				  of movement and communication of a person or group of persons while under an
				  order of isolation or an order of quarantine, which also effectively protects
				  unexposed and susceptible persons from disease transmission.
"Local Health Authority" - The health authority (i.e.,
				  full-time official health department, as recognized by the Department) having
				  jurisdiction over a particular area, including city, village, township and
				  county boards of health and health departments and the responsible executive
				  officers of those boards, or any person legally authorized to act for the local
				  health authority. In areas without a health department recognized by the
				  Department, the local health authority shall be the Department.
"Medical laboratory" - A facility with a current Clinical
				  Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA) certificate that receives, forwards,
				  or analyzes specimens of original material from the human body, or referred
				  cultures of specimens obtained from the human body, and reports the results to
				  a health care practitioner who uses the data for purposes of patient care or
				  public health.
"Medical Record" - A written or electronic account including
				  a patient's medical history, current illness, diagnosis, details of treatments,
				  chronological progress notes, laboratory testing, medical imaging tests, and
				  discharge recommendations.
"Monitoring" - The practice of watching, checking or
				  documenting medical findings of potential contacts for the development or
				  non-development of an infection or illness. Monitoring may also include the
				  institution of community-level physical distancing measures designed to reduce
				  potential exposure and unknowing transmission of infection to others.
				  Monitoring measures may include, but are not limited to, reporting of
				  geographic location for a period of time, restricted use of public
				  transportation, recommended or mandatory mask use, temperature and/or other
				  symptoms screening prior to entering public buildings or attending public
				  gatherings.
"Multi-Drug-Resistant Organisms" or "MDRO" - A pathogen that
				  is resistant to one or more antimicrobial agents and is usually resistant to
				  all but one or two commercially available antimicrobial agents.
"Non-Duplicative Isolate" - The first isolate obtained from
				  any source during each unique patient/resident encounter, including those
				  obtained for active surveillance or clinical decision making.
"Novel Influenza" - An influenza A virus subtype that is
				  different from the current circulating human influenza A subtypes such as H1
				  and H3.
"Notifiable disease or condition" - A disease or condition
				  that, when diagnosed or suspected based on epidemiological data or test
				  results, requires health providers and other mandated reporters (usually by
				  law) to report to state or local public health officials. Notifiable diseases
				  are of public interest by reason of their contagiousness, severity, or
				  frequency.
"Observation" - The practice of close medical or other
				  supervision of contacts to promote prompt recognition of infection or
				  illness.
"Observation and Monitoring" - Close medical or other
				  supervision, including, but not limited to, review of current health status, by
				  health care personnel, of a person or group of persons on a voluntary or
				  involuntary basis to permit prompt recognition of infection or illness.
"Outbreak" - The occurrence in a community, facility,
				  workplace or region of a case or cases of an illness in excess of the number
				  usually expected. The number of cases indicating an outbreak or cluster will
				  vary according to the agent, disease, or condition, the site
				  conditions/hazards, size and type of population exposed, previous experience or
				  lack of exposure to the disease, and time and place of occurrence.
"Outbreak Reporting System" or "ORS" - A secure, web-based
				  electronic outbreak reporting system used by state and local health departments
				  to document and report outbreaks of disease and health conditions, and to
				  collect a final report summarizing outbreak outcomes and investigation.
				  Outbreak information requested by the CDC is uploaded from ORS.
"Point Prevalence Screening" - A data collection activity
				  tool used to identify the number of persons with a disease or condition at a
				  specific point in time.
"Premises" - The physical portion of a building or other
				  structure and its surrounding area designated by the Director of the
				  Department, his or her authorized representative, or the local health
				  authority.
"Public Health Order" - A written or verbal command,
				  directive, instruction or proclamation issued or delivered by the Department or
				  certified local health department.
"Public Transportation" - Any form of transportation that
				  sets fares and is available for public use, such as taxis; multiple-occupancy
				  car, van or shuttle services; airplanes; buses; trains; subways; ferries; and
				  boats.
"Quarantine" - The physical separation and confinement of an
				  individual or groups of individuals who are or may have been exposed to a
				  contagious disease or possibly contagious disease and who do not show signs or
				  symptoms. "Quarantine" also includes the definition of "Quarantine,
				  modified".
"Quarantine, Modified" - A selective, partial limitation of
				  freedom of movement or actions of a person or group of persons who are or may
				  have been exposed to a contagious disease or possibly contagious disease.
				  Modified quarantine is designed to meet particular situations and includes, but
				  is not limited to, the exclusion of children from school, the prohibition or
				  restriction from engaging in a particular occupation or using public or mass
				  transportation, or requirements for the use of devices or procedures intended
				  to limit disease transmission. Any travel within Illinois outside of the
				  jurisdiction of the local health authority must be either approved by the
				  Director or be under mutual agreement of the health authority of the
				  jurisdiction and the public health official who will assume responsibility.
				  Travel outside Illinois shall require written notice from the Illinois
				  jurisdiction to the out-of-state jurisdiction that will assume
				  responsibility.
"Recombinant Organism" - A microbe with nucleic acid
				  molecules that have been synthesized, amplified or modified.
"REDCap" - Research electronic data capture (REDCap) is a
				  mature, secure web application for building and managing online surveys and
				  databases. It is used by state and local health authorities to collect data
				  from persons associated with an outbreak and can be administered directly to
				  exposed persons via a weblink for public health surveillance purposes.
"Registry" - A secure data collection and information system
				  that is designed to support organized care and improve health outcomes.
"Residential Facility" - A facility that provides or
				  coordinates custodial care to persons who, because of physical, mental or
				  emotional disorders, or incarceration, are not able to live
				  independently.
"Restrict from Work" - For food handlers, this means to limit
				  the activity of a food handler so that there is no risk of transmitting a
				  disease by making sure that the food handler does not work with food, cleaning
				  equipment, clean utensils, clean dishes, clean linens or unwrapped single
				  service or single use articles or in the preparation of food.
"School" - An institution for educating children from
				  Pre-kindergarten to grade 12 supported either by the state, local government or
				  a private organization or individual.
"Sensitive Occupation" - An occupation, excluding health care
				  workers, involving the direct care of others, especially young children and the
				  elderly, or any other occupation designated by the Department or the local
				  health authority, including, but not limited to, child care facility
				  personnel.
"Sentinel Surveillance" - A means of monitoring the
				  prevalence or incidence of infectious diseases or syndromes through reporting
				  of cases, suspect cases, carriers' symptoms or submission of clinical materials
				  by selected sites.
"Specimens" - Include, but are not limited to, blood, sputum,
				  urine, stool, other bodily fluids, wastes, tissues, and cultures necessary to
				  perform required tests.
"Standard Precautions" - Infection prevention and control
				  measures that apply to all patients regardless of diagnosis or presumed
				  infection status (see Section
				  690.20(a)(7)).
"Sterilization" - The use of a physical or chemical process
				  to destroy all microbial life, including large numbers of highly resistant
				  bacterial endospores.
"Susceptible (non-immune)" - A person who is not known to
				  possess sufficient protection against a particular pathogenic agent to prevent
				  developing infection or disease if or when exposed to the agent.
"Syndromic Surveillance" - Surveillance using health-related
				  data that are collected in near real-time to detect early changes in illness or
				  injury that may precede final diagnosis or confirmatory testing and signal a
				  sufficient probability of a case, event or outbreak to warrant further public
				  health response.
"Tests" - Include, but are not limited to, any diagnostic or
				  investigative analyses necessary to prevent the spread of disease or protect
				  the public's health, safety and welfare.
"Transmission" - Any mechanism by which an infectious agent
				  is spread from a source or reservoir to a person, including direct, indirect
				  and airborne transmission.
"Transmission-Based Precautions" - The second tier of basic
				  infection prevention and control measures that are to be used in addition to
				  Standard Precautions for patients who may be infected or colonized with certain
				  infectious agents for which additional precautions are needed to prevent
				  infection transmission.
"Treatment" - The provision of health care by one or more
				  health care providers. Treatment includes any therapeutic interventions,
				  consultation, referral or other exchanges of information to manage a patient's
				  care.
"Variant Influenza" - Influenza virus that usually circulates
				  in swine but can cause an influenza infection in humans.
"Voluntary Compliance" - Deliberate consented compliance of a
				  person or group of persons that occurs at the request of the Department or
				  local health authority prior to instituting a mandatory order for isolation,
				  quarantine, closure, physical examination, testing, collection of laboratory
				  specimens, observation, monitoring or medical treatment pursuant to this
				  Subpart.
"Zoonotic Disease" - Any disease that is transmitted between
				  animals and people.