California Code of Regulations › Title 17 - Public Health › Division 3 - Air Resources › Chapter 1 - Air Resources Board › Subchapter 7.5 - Airborne Toxic Control Measures › Section 93102.3 - Definitions

Current through Register 2024 Notice Reg. No. 28, July 12, 2024
(a) For
				  the purposes of this ATCM, the following definitions shall apply:
(1)
"Add-on Air Pollution Control
				  Device"
means equipment installed in the ventilation system of Tier II
				  Tank(s), Tier III Tank(s), or other chromium containing Tank(s) for the
				  purposes of collecting and containing chromium emissions from the Tank(s).
				  Add-on Air Pollution Control Devices include, but are not limited to HEPA
				  Filters, Composite Mesh-Pad Systems, and Packed Bed Scrubbers.
(2)
"Airlock System"
means a
				  transitional space that has two doors that separate a Building Enclosure from
				  the Exterior. The two doors shall be interlocked in series to avoid being
				  opened at the same time. The transitional space shall be ventilated with
				  filtered supply air that is returned into the Building Enclosure.
(3)
"Air Pollution Control
				  Technique"
means any method, such as an Add-on Air Pollution Control
				  Device, Mechanical Fume Suppressant, or a Chemical Fume Suppressant, that is
				  used to reduce chromium emissions from Chrome Plating Tanks.
(4)
"Ampere-Hours"
or
"Amp-Hr"
means the electrical current applied to a Chrome
				  Plating Tank (amperes) over a period of time (hours).
(5)
"Annual Permitted
				  Ampere-Hours"
means the maximum allowable Chrome Plating rectifier
				  production in Ampere-Hours, on an annual basis as specified in the District's
				  Permit to Operate for the Facility.
(6)
"Area Source"
means any
				  stationary Source of hazardous air pollutants that is not a Major
				  Source.
(7)
"Approved
				  Cleaning Method"
means cleaning using one of the methods listed in
				  subsections (A) through (E). The District may approve of the use of an
				  alternative cleaning method that is as effective as one of the methods listed
				  in subsections (A) through (E).
(A) A wet
				  mop;
(B) Damp cloth;
(C) Wet wash;
(D) Low Pressure Spray Nozzle; or
(E) HEPA Vacuum.
(8)
"Associated Process
				  Tank"
means any Tank in the process line of a Tier I, Tier II, or Tier
				  III Hexavalent Chromium Tank that is not a Tier I, Tier II, or Tier III
				  Hexavalent Chromium Tank. Associated Process Tanks may contain Hexavalent
				  Chromium at levels below those of Tier I Tanks.
(9)
"Base Material"
means
				  the part that is dipped in the Chrome Plating Tank for the purposes of Chrome
				  Plating.
(10)
"Barrier"
means a physical divider that can be fixed or
				  portable (e.g. a wall, welding screen, plastic strip curtains).
(11)
"Bath Component"
means
				  the chemical composition or trade or brand name of each chemical component in
				  the Chrome Plating Bath.
(12)
"Breach"
means any opening in a Building Enclosure that allows
				  air to escape to the Exterior and is not a Building Enclosure
				  Opening.
(13)
"Breakdown"
means an unforeseeable impairment of air pollution
				  control equipment or related operating equipment which causes a violation of
				  any Emission Limitation or restriction prescribed by a District's rule or by
				  State law and which:
(A) Is not the result of
				  neglect or disregard of any air pollution control law, rule, or
				  regulation;
(B) Is not intentional
				  or the result of negligence, or improper maintenance;
(C) Is not a recurrent Breakdown of the same
				  equipment; and,
(D) Does not
				  constitute a nuisance pursuant to section
				  41700 of the California Health and
				  Safety Code.
(14)
"Building Enclosure"
means a permanent building or physical
				  structure, or portion of a building, enclosed with a floor, walls, and a
				  ceiling or roof that is enclosed such that airflow is limited from the
				  enclosure to the Exterior. This can include the enclosed portion of the
				  building itself or an enclosure within a building that is enclosed such that
				  airflow is limited from the enclosure to the rest of the building. The Building
				  Enclosure may have limited Building Enclosure Openings to allow access for
				  people, vehicles, equipment, or parts.
(15)
"Building Enclosure
				  Envelope"
means the walls, ceiling, and floor that make up a Building
				  Enclosure.
(16)
"Building
				  Enclosure Opening"
means any opening that is designed to be part of a
				  Building Enclosure, such as doorways, bay doors, vents, roof openings, and
				  windows. The term excludes openings that are designed to accommodate and
				  generally conform to an exhaust stack or duct for a Building
				  Enclosure.
(17)
"CARB"
means the California Air Resources Board.
(18)
"Chemical Fume
				  Suppressant"
means any chemical agent that reduces or suppresses fumes
				  or mists at the surface of a Chrome Plating Bath; another term for fume
				  suppressant is mist suppressant.
(19)
"Chrome Plating"
means
				  Decorative Chrome Plating, Hard Chrome Plating, and Chromic Acid
				  Anodizing.
(20)
"Chrome
				  Plating Bath"
or
"Bath"
or means the electrolytic
				  solution used as the conducting medium in which the flow of current is
				  accompanied by movement of metal ions for the purpose of electrodeposition of
				  metal out of solution onto a Base Material or for oxidizing the Base Material
				  during the Chrome Plating process.
(21)
"Chrome Plating Kit"
means a kit of materials that allows individual consumers to perform Chrome
				  Plating. The kit typically includes a Bath, a receptacle where the Base
				  Material can be placed in the Bath, and an anode.
(22)
"Chrome Plating
				  Operation"
means the process of performing Chrome Plating.
(23)
"Chrome Plating
				  Tank
"
means the Tier III Tank in which Chrome Plating
				  occurs, along with the accompanying internal and external Tank components
				  needed for Chrome Plating. These Tank components include, but are not limited
				  to, rectifiers fitted with controls to allow for voltage adjustments, heat
				  exchanger equipment, and circulation pumps.
(24)
"Chromic Acid"
means
				  the common name under which chromium trioxide (CrO3) is
				  sold. Chromic Acid, which typically is used in powder or flake form, is added
				  to the Bath to provide Hexavalent Chromium to the solution.
(25)
"Chromic Acid
				  Anodizing"
means the electrolytic process by which an oxide layer is
				  produced on the surface of a Base Material for functional purposes (e.g.
				  corrosion resistance or electrical insulation) using a Chromic Acid solution.
				  In Chromic Acid Anodizing, the part to be anodized acts as the anode in the
				  electrical circuit, and the Chromic Acid solution, with a concentration
				  typically ranging from 50 to 100 grams per liter (g/L), serves as the
				  electrolyte.
(26)
"Chromic
				  Acid Mist"
means fine droplets of Chromic Acid formed during Chrome
				  Plating Operations and emitted from the Chrome Plating Tank.
(27)
"Composite Mesh-Pad System" or
				  "CMP"
means an Add-on Air Pollution Control Device typically
				  consisting of several mesh-pad stages to remove particles.
(28)
"Continuous
				  Passivation"
means a Functional Chrome Plating process by which a Base
				  Material is passed continuously through an electrolytic Hexavalent Chromium
				  solution as part of an automated process for the purpose of creating a
				  chemically inert surface on the Base Material.
(29)
"Daily"
means at least
				  once every calendar day that the Facility is operating.
(30)
"Decorative Chrome
				  Plating"
means the process by which a thin layer of chromium
				  (typically 0.003 to 2.5 micrometers) is electrodeposited on a Base Material to
				  provide a bright surface with wear and tarnish resistance. In this process, the
				  Base Material serves as the cathode in the electrolytic cell and the solution
				  serves as the electrolyte. Typical current density applied during this process
				  ranges from 540 to 2,400 Amperes per square meter
				  (Amp/m2) for total plating times ranging between 0.5
				  to 5 minutes.
(31)
"District"
means the local air pollution control or air
				  quality management district.
(32)
"Dragout"
means fluid containing Hexavalent Chromium that
				  adheres to parts when they are removed from a Tank.
(33)
"Emission Limitation"
means:
(A) For Trivalent Chromium Plating, the
				  concentration of total chromium allowed to be emitted expressed in milligrams
				  per dry standard cubic meter (mg/dscm).
(B) For Hexavalent Chromium Plating, the
				  allowable Surface Tension expressed in dynes per centimeter (dynes/cm) or the
				  milligrams of Hexavalent Chromium per Ampere-Hour (mg/Amp-Hr) of electrical
				  charge applied to the Chrome Plating Tank, or the concentration of Hexavalent
				  Chromium allowed to be emitted expressed in milligrams per dry standard cubic
				  meter (mg/dscm).
(34)
"Enclosed Hexavalent Chromium Plating Tank"
means a Chrome
				  Plating Tank using a Hexavalent Chromium solution that is equipped with an
				  enclosing hood and ventilated as specified by the manufacturer.
(35)
"Enclosed Storage Area"
means any space or structure used to contain material that prevents its
				  contents from being emitted into the atmosphere. This includes cabinets,
				  closets, or sheds designated for storage.
(36)
"Enforceable"
means
				  emission reductions that are Real, Quantifiable, and Verifiable such that CARB
				  or the District has authority to hold a particular party or parties liable and
				  to take enforcement action if the emission reductions claimed are not
				  achieved.
(37)
"Executive
				  Officer"
means the Executive Officer of CARB, or his or her
				  delegate.
(38)
"Existing
				  Facility"
means a Facility that is in operation before January 1,
				  2024.
(39)
"Exterior"
means any area outside of the Building
				  Enclosure.
(40)
"Facility"
means the Major or Area Source at which Chrome
				  Plating is performed, including any Source or group of Sources or other
				  contaminant-emitting activities which are located on one or more contiguous
				  properties within the District's jurisdiction, in actual physical contact or
				  separated solely by a public roadway or other public right-of-way, and are
				  owned or operated by the same Person (or by Persons under common control), or
				  an outer continental shelf (OCS) source as determined in 40 Code of Federal
				  Regulations section
				  55.2, as last amended September 2,
				  1997.
(41)
"Fiber-Bed Mist
				  Eliminator"
means an Add-on Air Pollution Control Device that removes
				  particles from a gas stream through the mechanisms of inertial impaction and
				  Brownian diffusion.
(42)
"Foam Blanket"
means the type of Chemical Fume Suppressant
				  that generates a layer of foam across the surface of a solution when current is
				  applied to that solution. A Foam Blanket does not lower Surface Tension of a
				  liquid.
(43)
"Fresh
				  Water"
means water, such as tap water, that has not been previously
				  used in a process operation or, if the water has been recycled from a process
				  operation, it has been treated and meets the effluent guidelines for chromium
				  wastewater.
(44)
"Fugitive
				  Dust"
means any solid particulate matter that may contain Hexavalent
				  Chromium that has the potential to become airborne by natural or man-made
				  activities. Fugitive Dust does not include particulate matter emitted from an
				  exhaust stack.
(45)
"Fugitive Emissions"
means any emissions of Hexavalent
				  Chromium that escape to the atmosphere through windows, doors, vents, or other
				  openings, but not through an Add-on Air Pollution Control Device, including
				  Fugitive Dust.
(46)
"Functional Chrome Plating"
means Hard Chrome Plating and
				  Chromic Acid Anodizing.
(47)
"Hard Chrome Plating"
means a process by which a thick layer
				  of chromium (typically greater than 1.0 micrometers) is electrodeposited on a
				  Base Material to provide a surface with functional properties such as wear
				  resistance, a low coefficient of friction, hardness, and corrosion resistance.
				  In this process, the Base Material serves as the cathode in the electrolytic
				  cell and the solution serves as the electrolyte. The Hard Chrome Plating
				  process is performed at current densities typically ranging from 1,600 to 6,500
				  Amp/m2 for total plating times ranging from 20
				  minutes to 36 hours depending upon the desired plate thickness. This definition
				  also includes Continuous Passivation.
(48)
"Hexavalent Chromium"
means the form of chromium in a valence state of +6.
(49)
"Hexavalent Chromium Containing
				  Tank"
means a Tier I Tank, a Tier II Tank, or a Tier III
				  Tank.
(50)
"Hexavalent
				  Chromium Plating"
means the process used for electrodeposition of a
				  layer of chromium onto a Base Material using a Hexavalent Chromium
				  solution.
(51)
"High
				  Efficiency Particulate Arrestor (HEPA) Filter"
means filter(s) rated
				  at 99.97 percent or more efficient in collecting particle sizes 0.3
				  micrometers.
(52)
"HEPA
				  Vacuum"
means a vacuum that is both designed for the use of and fitted
				  with a HEPA Filter.
(53)
"Hourly"
means at least once every hour the Facility is
				  operating.
(54)
"Initial
				  Start-Up"
means the first time a New Facility begins production, the
				  first time a Chrome Plating Tank that has undergone a Modification begins
				  operating at a Modified Facility, or the first time a Trivalent Chromium
				  Plating Tank begins operation. Initial Start-Up does not include operation
				  solely for testing of equipment or subsequent start-up of permit units
				  following malfunction or shutdown.
(55)
"Leak"
means the
				  release of chromium emissions from any opening in the Tank or the piping or
				  ductwork associated with the Tank or any component associated with the Add-on
				  Air Pollution Control Device.
(56)
"Low Pressure Spray Nozzle"
means a water spray nozzle capable
				  of regulating water pressure such that it does not exceed 35 pounds per square
				  inch.
(57)
"Major
				  Source"
means any stationary Source, or group of stationary Sources
				  located within a contiguous area and under common control, that emits, or has
				  the potential to emit considering controls, in the aggregate, 10 tons per year
				  or more of any hazardous air pollutant, or 25 tons per year or more of any
				  combination of hazardous air pollutants.
(58)
"Mechanical Fume
				  Suppressant"
means any device, including but not limited to Polyballs,
				  that reduces fumes or mist at the surfaces of a Chrome Plating Bath by direct
				  contact with the surface of the Bath.
(59)
"Modification"
means
				  either:
(A) Any physical change in, change in
				  method of operation of, or addition to an existing permit unit that requires an
				  application for an authority to construct and/or operate and results in an
				  increase in Hexavalent Chromium emissions. Routine maintenance and/or repair
				  shall not be considered a physical change. A change in the method of operation
				  of equipment, unless previously limited by an enforceable permit condition,
				  shall not include:
1. An increase in the hours
				  of operation;
2. A change in
				  ownership of a Facility; or
3. An
				  increase in the annual Ampere-Hours, unless such increase will cause a Facility
				  to be subject to a different requirement in Table 93102.4 of section
				  93102.4.
(B) The addition of any new Chrome Plating
				  Tank at an Existing Facility which increases Hexavalent Chromium emissions;
				  or
(C) The fixed capital cost of
				  the replacement of components exceed 50 percent of the fixed capital cost that
				  would be required to construct a comparable New Facility.
(D) Construction of Building Enclosures
				  required by section
				  93102.4(d) are
				  not considered Modifications for the purposes of this ATCM.
(E) Changes related to the conversion from
				  Hexavalent Chromium to alternative technology are not considered Modifications
				  for the purposes of this ATCM.
(60)
"Modified Facility"
means any Facility which has undergone a Modification on or after January 1,
				  2024.
(61)
"Monthly"
means at least once every calendar month that the
				  Facility is operating.
(62)
"New Facility"
means any Facility that begins initial
				  operations on or after January 1, 2024. "New Facility" does not include the
				  installation of a new Chrome Plating Tank at an Existing Facility or the
				  Modification of an Existing Facility.
(63)
"Operating Day"
means
				  any day during which Chrome Plating Operations take place at a
				  Facility.
(64)
"Owner or
				  Operator"
means a Person who is the Owner or the Operator of a
				  Facility.
(65)
"Packed-Bed
				  Scrubber" or "PBS"
means an Add-on Air Pollution Control Device
				  consisting of a single or double packed-bed that contains packing media on
				  which the Chromic Acid droplets impinge.
(66)
"Person"
shall have the
				  same meaning as defined in Health and Safety Code section
				  39047.
(67)
"PFAS"
means per and
				  polyfluoroalkyl substances.
(68)
"PFAS Compound"
means a compound that contains any
				  PFAS.
(69)
"Polyballs"
means a Mechanical Fume Suppressant that uses a
				  layer of balls made of plastic or other material to cover a Hexavalent Chromium
				  Containing Tank to reduce the emission of fumes.
(70)
"Protected Opening
				  Method"
means any of the methods listed below that restricts air from
				  escaping the Building Enclosure. The District may allow for the use of an
				  alternative method that limits air flow to the same extent as would be limited
				  from one of the mechanisms listed in subsections (A)-(D).
(A) Door that automatically closes;
(B) Overlapping plastic strip curtains that
				  cover the entire opening;
(C)
				  Vestibule; or
(D) Airlock
				  System;
(71)
"Quantifiable"
means reductions in emissions that can be
				  accurately measured and calculated, in a reliable and replicable manner using a
				  methodology specified by CARB or the District to be applicable.
(72)
"Quarterly"
means once
				  per calendar quarter. Calendar quarters are January through March, April
				  through June, July through September, and October through December.
(73)
"Real"
means reductions
				  in emissions resulting from a demonstrable action or set of actions.
(74)
"Responsible Official"
means one of the following:
(A) For a
				  corporation: a president, secretary, treasurer, or vice president of the
				  corporation in charge of a principal business function, or any other Person who
				  performs similar policy or decision-making functions for the corporation, or a
				  duly authorized representative of such Person if the representative is
				  responsible for the overall operation of one or more manufacturing, production,
				  or operating facilities and either:
1. The
				  facilities employ more than 250 Persons or have gross annual sales or
				  expenditures exceeding $25 million (in second quarter 1980 dollars);
				  or
2. The delegation of authority
				  to such representative is approved in advance by the District.
(B) For a partnership or sole
				  proprietorship: a general partner or the proprietor, respectively.
(C) For a municipality, state, federal, or
				  other public agency: either a principal executive officer or ranking elected
				  official. For the purposes of this part, a principal executive officer of a
				  federal agency includes the chief executive officer having responsibility for
				  the overall operations of a principal geographic unit of the agency (e.g. a
				  Regional Administrator of the U.S. EPA).
(D) For Sources (as defined in this part)
				  applying for or subject to a title V permit: "Responsible Official" shall have
				  the same meaning as defined in 40 Code of Federal Regulations Part 70 or
				  federal title V regulations in this chapter (42 United States Code, section
				  7401, et seq.), whichever is
				  applicable.
(75)
"School"
means any public or private school for kindergarten
				  through grade 12 or school readiness program used by more than 12 children,
				  including any building or structure, playground, athletic field, or other area
				  of the property. A school includes juvenile detention facilities with
				  classrooms and learning and development programs funded by the U.S. Department
				  of Education or state or local government, including pre-schools, Early Head
				  Start, Head Start, First Five, and child development centers.
(76)
"Sensitive Receptor"
means any residence including private homes, condominiums, apartments, and
				  living quarters; education resources such as Schools; daycare centers; and
				  health care facilities such as hospitals or retirement and nursing homes. A
				  Sensitive Receptor includes long-term care hospitals, hospices, prisons, and
				  dormitories or similar live-in housing.
(77)
"Site-Specific Risk
				  Analysis"
means a health risk assessment specific to a Chrome Plating
				  Operation which presents the potential carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic health
				  impacts to individuals and populations according to the District's
				  procedures.
(78)
"Source"
means any Chrome Plating Operation and any equipment
				  or materials associated with the selected Air Pollution Control
				  Technique.
(79)
"Source
				  Test"
means an emissions test of chromium containing tank(s) conducted
				  for the purpose of demonstrating compliance with an applicable Emission
				  Limitation in accordance with the requirements of section
				  93102.7.
(80)
"Stalagmometer"
means
				  an instrument used to measure the Surface Tension of a solution by determining
				  the mass of a drop of liquid by weighing a known number of drops or by counting
				  the number of drops obtained from a given volume of liquid.
(81)
"Surface Tension"
means
				  the property, due to molecular forces, that exists in the surface film of all
				  liquids and tends to prevent liquid from spreading.
(82)
"Tank"
means the
				  structure or receptacle containing the Chrome Plating Bath or other liquid
				  solution used in a Tier I Tank, Tier II Tank, Tier III Tank, or Associated
				  Process Tank.
(83)
"Tank
				  Operation"
means the time in which current and/or voltage is being
				  applied to a Chrome Plating Tank.
(84)
"Tank Process Area"
means the area in the Facility within 15 feet of any Tier I, Tier II, or Tier
				  III Hexavalent Chromium Tank(s), or to the nearest wall of a Building
				  Enclosure, whichever is closer.
(85)
"Tensiometer"
means an
				  instrument used to measure the Surface Tension of a solution by determining the
				  amount of force needed to pull a ring from the liquid surface. The amount of
				  force is proportional to the Surface Tension.
(86)
"Tier I Hexavalent Chromium
				  Containing Tank"
or
"Tier I Tank"
means a Tank
				  containing a Hexavalent Chromium concentration of 1,000 parts per million (ppm)
				  or greater and that is not a Tier II or Tier III Hexavalent Chromium
				  Tank.
(87)
"Tier II
				  Hexavalent Chromium Containing Tank"
or
"Tier II
				  Tank"
means a Tank that is operated within the range of temperatures
				  and corresponding Hexavalent Chromium concentrations specified in Appendix 9
				  and that is not a Tier III Hexavalent Chromium Tank.
(88)
"Tier III Hexavalent Chromium
				  Containing Tank"
or
"Tier III Tank"
means a Tank
				  that:
(A) Is operated within the range of
				  temperatures and corresponding Hexavalent Chromium concentrations specified in
				  Appendix 9;
(B) Contains a
				  Hexavalent Chromium concentration greater than 1,000 ppm, and uses air sparging
				  as an agitation method or is electrolytic; or
(C) Is a Chrome Plating Tank that contains
				  Hexavalent Chromium.
(89)
"Trivalent Chromium"
means the form of chromium in a valence state of +3.
(90)
"Trivalent Chromium
				  Plating"
means the process used for electrodeposition of a layer of
				  chromium onto a Base Material using a Trivalent Chromium solution instead of a
				  Hexavalent Chromium solution.
(91)
"Verifiable"
means claims of emission reductions that can be
				  accurately, truthfully documented, and transparent such that CARB or the
				  District can objectively review and reproduce such claims.
(92)
"Vestibule"
means an
				  antechamber, hall, or room that connects a door leading to the Exterior with a
				  door leading to the rest of the building.
(93)
"Weekly"
means at least
				  once every seven calendar days that the Facility is operating.
(94)
"Wetting Agent"
means
				  the type of Chemical Fume Suppressant that reduces the Surface Tension of a
				  liquid.