Illinois Administrative Code › Title 32 - ENERGY › Part 340 - STANDARDS FOR PROTECTION AGAINST RADIATION › Subpart A - GENERAL PROVISIONS › Section 340.30 - Definitions

Current through Register Vol. 48, No. 28, July 12, 2024
"Air-purifying respirator" or "APR" means a respirator with
				  an air-purifying filter, cartridge or canister that removes specific air
				  contaminants by passing ambient air through the air-purifying element.
"Annual limit on intake" or "ALI" means the derived limit for
				  the amount of radioactive material taken into the body of an adult worker by
				  inhalation or ingestion in a year. ALI is the smaller value of intake of a
				  given radionuclide in a year by the reference man that would result in a
				  committed effective dose equivalent of 0.05 Sv (5 rem) or a committed dose
				  equivalent of 0.5 Sv (50 rem) to any individual organ or tissue. ALI values for
				  intake by ingestion and by inhalation of selected radionuclides are given in
				  table 1, columns 1 and 2 of appendix B to 10 CFR 20, published at 72 Fed. Reg.
				  55922, October 1, 2007, exclusive of subsequent amendments or editions.
"Assigned protection factor" or "APF" means the expected
				  workplace level of respiratory protection that would be provided by a properly
				  functioning respirator or a class of respirators to properly trained and fitted
				  users.
"Atmosphere-supplying respirator" means a respirator that
				  supplies the respirator user with breathing air from a source independent of
				  the ambient atmosphere, and includes supplied-air respirators (SARs) and
				  self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) units.
"Chelating agent" means amine polycarboxylic acids (e.g.,
				  EDTA, DTPA), hydroxy-carboxylic acids, and polycarboxylic acids (e.g., citric
				  acid, carbolic acid, and glucinic acid).
"Class" (lung class or inhalation class) means a
				  classification scheme for inhaled material according to its rate of clearance
				  from the pulmonary region of the lung. Materials are classified as D, W or Y,
				  which applies to a range of clearance half-times: for Class D (Days) of less
				  than 10 days, for Class W (Weeks) from 10 to 100 days, and for Class Y (Years)
				  of greater than 100 days.
"Collector" means a licensee whose principal purpose is to
				  collect and consolidate waste generated by others, and to transfer this waste,
				  without processing or repackaging the collected waste, to another licensed
				  waste collector, licensed waste processor or licensed land disposal
				  facility.
"Consignee" means the designated receiver of a shipment of
				  low-level radioactive waste.
"Constraint" (dose constraint) means a value above which
				  specified licensee actions are required.
"Demand respirator" means an atmosphere-supplying respirator
				  that admits breathing air to the face piece only when a negative pressure is
				  created inside the face piece by inhalation.
"Derived air concentration" or "DAC" means the concentration
				  of a given radionuclide in air, which, if breathed by the reference man for a
				  working year of 2,000 hours under conditions of light work would result in an
				  intake of one ALI. For purposes of this definition, the condition of light work
				  is an inhalation rate of 1.2 cubic meters of air per hour for 2,000 hours in a
				  year. DAC values are given in table 1, column 3 of appendix B to 10 CFR 20,
				  published at 72 Fed. Reg. 55922, October 1, 2007, exclusive of subsequent
				  amendments or editions.
"Derived air concentration-hour" or "DAC-hour" means the
				  product of the concentration of radioactive material in air (expressed as a
				  fraction or multiple of the derived air concentration for each radionuclide)
				  and the time of exposure to that radionuclide (expressed in hours). A licensee
				  may take 2,000 DAC-hours to represent one ALI, equivalent to a committed
				  effective dose equivalent of 0.05 Sv (5 rem).
"Disposal container" means a container principally used to
				  confine low-level radioactive waste during disposal operations at a land
				  disposal facility (also see "high integrity container"). Note that, for some
				  shipments, the disposal container may be the transport package.
"Disposable respirator" means a respirator for which
				  maintenance is not intended and that is designed to be discarded after
				  excessive breathing resistance, sorbent exhaustion, physical damage, or
				  end-of-service-life renders it unsuitable for use. Examples of this type of
				  respirator are a disposable half-mask respirator or a disposable escape-only
				  self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).
"EPA identification number" means the number received by a
				  transporter following application to the Administrator of USEPA as required by
				  40 CFR 263.
"Filtering face piece" or "dust mask" means a negative
				  pressure particulate respirator with a filter as an integral part of the face
				  piece or with the entire face piece composed of the filtering medium, not
				  equipped with elastomeric sealing surfaces and adjustable straps.
"Fit factor" means a quantitative estimate of the fit of a
				  particular respirator to a specific individual and typically estimates the
				  ratio of the concentration of a substance in ambient air to its concentration
				  inside the respirator when worn.
"Fit Test" means the use of a protocol to qualitatively or
				  quantitatively evaluate the fit of a respirator on an individual.
"Helmet" means a rigid respiratory inlet covering that also
				  provides head protection against impact and penetration.
"Hood" means a respiratory inlet covering that completely
				  covers the head and neck and may also cover portions of the shoulders and
				  torso.
"Inhalation class" (see "class").
"Land disposal facility" means the land, buildings,
				  structures and equipment which are intended to be used for the disposal of
				  radioactive wastes.
"Lens dose equivalent" or "LDE" applies to the external
				  exposure of the lens of the eye and is taken as the dose equivalent at a tissue
				  depth of 0.3 centimeter (300 mg/cm2).
"Loose-fitting face piece" means a respiratory inlet covering
				  designed to form a partial seal with the face.
"Lung class" (see "class").
"Negative pressure respirator (tight fitting)" means a
				  respirator in which the air pressure inside the face piece is negative during
				  inhalation with respect to the ambient air pressure outside the
				  respirator.
"Nonstochastic effect" (deterministic effect) means a health
				  effect, the severity of which varies with the dose and for which a threshold is
				  believed to exist. Radiation-induced cataract formation is an example of a
				  nonstochastic effect.
"Occupational dose" means the dose received by an individual
				  in the course of employment in which the individual's assigned duties involve
				  exposure to radiation or to radioactive material from licensed and unlicensed
				  sources of radiation, whether in the possession of the licensee or another
				  person. Occupational dose does not include doses received from background
				  radiation, from any medical administration the individual has received, from
				  exposure to individuals administered radioactive material and released under 32
				  Ill. Adm. Code 335, from voluntary participation in medical research programs
				  or as a member of the public.
"Physical description" means the items called for on NRC Form
				  541 to describe a low-level radioactive waste.
"Planned special exposure" means an infrequent exposure to
				  radiation, the dose from which is separate from and in addition to the annual
				  occupational dose limits.
"Positive pressure respirator" means a respirator in which
				  the pressure inside the respiratory inlet covering exceeds the ambient air
				  pressure outside the respirator.
"Powered air-purifying respirator" or "PAPR" means an
				  air-purifying respirator that uses a blower to force the ambient air through
				  air-purifying elements to the inlet covering.
"Pressure demand respirator" means a positive pressure
				  atmosphere-supplying respirator that admits breathing air to the face piece
				  when the positive pressure is reduced inside the face piece by
				  inhalation.
"Public dose" means the dose received by a member of the
				  public from exposure to radiation or to radioactive material released by a
				  licensee or to any other source of radiation under the control of a licensee.
				  Public dose does not include occupational dose or doses received from
				  background radiation, from any medical administration the individual has
				  received, from exposure to individuals administered radioactive material and
				  released under 32 Ill. Adm. Code 335, or from voluntary participation in
				  medical research programs.
"Qualitative fit test" or "QLFT" means a pass/fail fit test
				  to assess the adequacy of respirator fit that relies on the individual's
				  response to the test agent.
"Quantitative fit test" or "QNFT" means an assessment of the
				  adequacy of respirator fit by numerically measuring the amount of leakage into
				  the respirator.
"Reference Man" means a hypothetical aggregation of human
				  physical and physiological characteristics determined by international
				  consensus. These characteristics may be used by researchers and public health
				  workers to standardize results of experiments and to relate biological insult
				  to a common base.
AGENCY NOTE: A description of the Reference Man is contained
				  in the International Commission on Radiological Protection report, ICRP
				  Publication 23, "Report of the Task Group on Reference Man."
"Respiratory protective equipment" means an apparatus, such
				  as a respirator, used to reduce an individual's intake of airborne radioactive
				  materials.
"Sanitary sewerage" means a system of public sewers for
				  carrying off waste water and refuse, but excluding sewage treatment facilities,
				  septic tanks, and leach fields owned or operated by the licensee.
"Self-contained breathing apparatus" or "SCBA" means an
				  atmosphere-supplying respirator for which the breathing air source is designed
				  to be carried by the user.
"Shipping paper" means NRC Form 540 and, if required, NRC
				  Form 540A, which includes the information required by DOT in 49 CFR 172,
				  revised October 1, 2008, exclusive of subsequent amendments or editions.
"Stochastic effect" (probabilistic effect) means a health
				  effect that occurs randomly and for which the probability of the effect
				  occurring, rather than its severity, is assumed to be a linear function of dose
				  without threshold. Hereditary effects and cancer incidence are examples of
				  stochastic effects.
"Supplied-air respirator" or "SAR" or "airline respirator"
				  means an atmosphere-supplying respirator for which the source of breathing air
				  is not designed to be carried by the user.
"Tight-fitting face piece" means a respiratory inlet covering
				  that forms a complete seal with the face.
"Uniform Low-Level Radioactive Waste Manifest"or "uniform
				  manifest" means the combination of NRC Forms 540, 541 and, if necessary, 542,
				  and their respective continuation sheets as needed, or equivalent.
"User seal check" or "fit check" means an action conducted by
				  the respirator user to determine if the respirator is properly seated to the
				  face. Examples include negative pressure check, positive pressure check,
				  irritant smoke check, or isoamyl acetate check.
"Waste description" means the physical, chemical and
				  radiological description of a low-level radioactive waste as called for on NRC
				  Form 541.
"Waste processor" means an entity, operating under an Agency,
				  Nuclear Regulatory Commission or Agreement State license, whose principal
				  purpose is to process, repackage, or otherwise treat low-level radioactive
				  material or waste generated by others prior to eventual transfer of waste to a
				  licensed low-level radioactive waste land disposal facility.
"Waste type" means a waste within a disposal container having
				  a unique physical description (i.e., a specific waste descriptor code or
				  description or a waste sorbed on or solidified in a specifically defined
				  media).
"Weighting factor" (wT), means the
				  proportion of the risk of stochastic effects resulting from irradiation of an
				  organ or tissue (T) to the total risk of stochastic effects when the whole body
				  is irradiated uniformly. For calculating the effective dose equivalent, the
				  values of (wT) are:
Organ or Tissue
(wT)
Gonads
0.25
Breast
0.15
Red bone marrow
0.12
Lung
0.12
Thyroid
0.03
Bone surfaces
0.03
Remainder
0.30a
Whole Body
1.00b
a0.30 results from 0.06 for each
				  of 5 "remainder" organs, excluding the skin and the lens of the eye, that
				  receive the highest doses.
bFor the purpose of weighting the
				  external whole-body dose, for adding it to the internal dose, a single
				  weighting factor, (wT) = 1.0, has been
				  specified.