California Code of Regulations › Title 13 - Motor Vehicles › Division 3 - Air Resources Board › Chapter 9 - Off-Road Vehicles and Engines Pollution Control Devices › Article 7 - Certification Procedures for Aftermarket Parts for off-Road Vehicles, Engines, Equipment › Section 2471 - Definitions

Current through Register 2024 Notice Reg. No. 28, July 12, 2024
(a) The definitions
				  in Section
				  1900(b), Chapter
				  3, Title 13 of the California Code of Regulations shall apply with the
				  following additions:
(1) "All-Terrain Vehicle
				  (ATV)" means any motorized off-highway vehicle 50 inches (1270 mm) or less in
				  overall width, designed to travel on four low pressure tires, having a seat
				  designed to be straddled by the operator and handlebars for steering control,
				  and intended for use by a single operator and no passengers. The vehicle is
				  designed to carry not more than 350 pounds (160 kg) payload, excluding the
				  operator, and is powered by an internal combustion engine. Width shall be
				  exclusive of accessories and optional equipment. A golf cart is not, for
				  purposes of this regulation, to be classified as an all-terrain
				  vehicle.
(2) "Alternate Fuel" means
				  any fuel that will reduce non-methane hydrocarbons (on a reactivity-adjusted
				  basis), NOx, CO, and the potential risk associated with toxic air contaminants
				  as compared to gasoline or diesel fuel and would not result in increased
				  deterioration of the engine. Alternate fuels include, but are not limited to,
				  methanol, ethanol, liquefied petroleum gas, compressed natural gas, and
				  electricity.
(3) "Alternative fuel"
				  refers to liquefied petroleum gas, natural gas, alcohol, and alcohol/gasoline
				  fuels.
(4) "Alternative fuel
				  conversion system" means a package of fuel, ignition, emission control, and
				  engine components that are modified, removed, or added during the process of
				  modifying a vehicle/engine/equipment to operate on an alternative fuel and to
				  perform at an emission rate lower than or equal to the rate to which the engine
				  family was originally certified.
(5) "Alternative fuel conversion system
				  manufacturer" refers to a person who manufactures or assembles an alternative
				  fuel conversion system for sale in California, requests, and is granted the
				  Executive Order certifying the conversion system.
(6) "Confirmatory testing" means an ARB
				  directed follow-up emissions test and inspection of the test engine or test
				  vehicle that had been used by the manufacturer to obtain test data for
				  submittal with the certification application. The emissions tests can be
				  conducted at ARB or contracted out facilities or at the manufacturer's
				  facility.
(7) "Conventional fuel"
				  means gasoline or diesel fuel.
(8)
				  "Diesel Cycle Engine" means a type of engine with operating characteristics
				  significantly similar to the theoretical diesel combustion cycle. The primary
				  means of controlling power output in a diesel cycle engine is by limiting the
				  amount of fuel that is injected into the combustion chambers of the engine. A
				  diesel cycle engine may be petroleum-fueled (i.e. diesel-fueled) or
				  alternate-fueled.
(9)
				  "Driveability" of an off-road vehicle or off-road equipment means the smooth
				  delivery of power, as demanded by the driver or operator. Typical causes of
				  driveability degradation are rough idling, misfiring, surging, hesitation, or
				  insufficient power. Conversion from conventional fuels to alternative fuels may
				  entail losses of volumetric efficiency, resulting in some power loss. Such
				  power loss is not considered to be driveability degradation.
(10) "Dual fuel" refers to a conversion
				  system which utilizes both an alternative fuel and a conventional fuel without
				  further hardware changeover required.
(11) "Emission Control System" includes any
				  component, group of components, or engine modification that controls or causes
				  the reduction of substances emitted from an engine.
(12) "Engine Family" is a subclass of a basic
				  engine based on similar emission characteristics. The engine family is the
				  grouping of engines that is used for the purposes of certification.
(13) "Executive Officer" means the Executive
				  Officer of the Air Resources Board or his or her authorized
				  representative.
(14) "Exhaust
				  Emissions" means substances emitted into the atmosphere from any opening
				  downstream from the exhaust port of an off-road vehicle, engine, or
				  equipment.
(15) "Fuel System" means
				  the combination of any of the following components: fuel tank, fuel pump, fuel
				  lines, oil injection metering system, carburetor or fuel injection components,
				  evaporative controls and all fuel system vents.
(16) "Go-Kart" means any four wheeled, open
				  framed vehicle equipped with an internal combustion engine. These vehicles are
				  generally found at amusement parks and rented to patrons on a "pay-by-play"
				  basis. These vehicles are generally designed for a single rider and run on a
				  confined track. A go-kart that is not used exclusively in competition/racing
				  events in a closed course is not a competition/racing vehicle for purposes of
				  these regulations.
(17) "Golf Cart"
				  means a vehicle used to convey equipment and no more than two persons,
				  including the driver, to play the game of golf in an area designated as a golf
				  course. Golf carts are designed to have an unladen weight of less than 1,300
				  pounds and carry not more than 100 pounds, excluding passengers, accessories
				  and optional equipment. A golf cart is not used for grounds keeping or
				  maintenance purposes.
(18)
				  "Heavy-Duty Off-Road Diesel Cycle Engines" or "Engines" are identified as:
				  diesel or alternate fuel powered diesel cycle internal combustion engines 175
				  horsepower and greater, operated on or in any device by which any person or
				  property may be propelled, moved or drawn upon a highway, but are primarily
				  used off a highway. The engines are designed for powering construction, farm,
				  mining, forestry and industrial implements and equipment. They are designed to
				  be used in, but are not limited to use in, the following applications:
				  agricultural tractors, backhoes, excavators, dozers, log skidders, trenchers,
				  motor graders, portable generators and compressors and other miscellaneous
				  applications. Specifically excluded from this category are:
(1) engines operated on or in any device used
				  exclusively upon stationary rails or tracks;
(2) engines used to propel marine
				  vessels;
(3) internal combustion
				  engines attached to a foundation at a location;
(4) transportable engines subject to District
				  permitting rules which have been operated at a location for a period of one
				  year or more on January 1, 1997; and
(5) stationary or transportable gas turbines
				  for power generation.
(19) "Inboard Engine" means a four-stroke
				  spark-ignition marine engine not used in a personal watercraft that is designed
				  such that the propeller shaft penetrates the hull of the marine watercraft
				  while the engine and the remainder of the drive unit is internal to the hull of
				  the marine watercraft.
(20)
				  "Installer" means a person who installs alternative fuel conversion systems on
				  off-road vehicles/engines/equipment.
(21) "Marine watercraft" means every
				  description of boat, ship or other artificial contrivance used, or capable of
				  being operated on water.
(22)
				  "Model year" means the manufacturer's annual production period which includes
				  January 1 of a calendar year or, if the manufacturer has no annual production
				  period, the calendar year.
(23)
				  "Off-Highway Recreational Vehicle Engines" or "Engines" are identified as:
				  two-stroke or four-stroke, air-cooled, liquid-cooled, gasoline, diesel, or
				  alternate fuel powered engines or electric motors that are designed for
				  powering off-road recreational vehicles and engines included in, but not
				  limited to use in, the following: off-road motorcycles, all-terrain vehicles,
				  and golf carts. All engines and equipment that fall within the scope of the
				  preemption of Section
				  209(e)(1)(A) of
				  the Federal Clean Air Act, as amended, and as defined by regulation of the
				  Environmental Protection Agency, are specifically not included within this
				  category.
(24) "Off-Road
				  Aftermarket Parts Manufacturer" means any person engaged in the manufacturing
				  of add-on or modified parts, as defined in Section
				  1900(b), (1) and
				  (10), Chapter 3, Title 13, California Code of
				  Regulations, for off-road vehicles, engines or equipment subject to California
				  or federal emission standards.
(25)
				  "Off-Road Engine" means any internal combustion engine or motor designed for
				  powering off-road vehicles or off-road equipment. All engines that fall within
				  the scope of the preemption of Section
				  209(e)(1)(A) of
				  the Federal Clean Air Act, as amended, and as defined by regulation of the
				  Environmental Protection Agency, are specifically not included within this
				  category.
(26) "Off-Road Large
				  Spark-ignition Engines" or "LSI Engines" means any engine that produces a gross
				  horsepower 25 and greater horsepower or is designed (e.g., through fueling,
				  engine calibrations, valve timing, engine speed modifications, etc.) to produce
				  25 and greater horsepower. If an engine family has models at or above 25
				  horsepower and models below 25 horsepower, only the models at or above 25
				  horsepower would be considered LSI engines. The engine's operating
				  characteristics are significantly similar to the theoretical Otto combustion
				  cycle with the engine's primary means of controlling power output being to
				  limit the amount of air that is throttled into the combustion chamber of the
				  engine. LSI engines or alternate fuel powered LSI internal combustion engines
				  are designed for powering, but not limited to powering, forklift trucks,
				  sweepers, generators, and industrial equipment and other miscellaneous
				  applications. All engines and equipment that fall within the scope of the
				  preemption of Section
				  209(e)(1)(A) of
				  the Federal Clean Air Act, as amended, and as defined by regulation of the
				  Environmental Protection Agency, are specifically excluded from this category.
Specifically excluded from this category are:
1) engines operated on or in any device used
				  exclusively upon stationary rails or tracks;
2) engines used to propel marine
				  vessels;
3) internal combustion
				  engines attached to a foundation at a location for at least 12
				  months;
4) off-road recreational
				  vehicles and snowmobiles; and
5)
				  stationary or transportable gas turbines for power
				  generation.
(27)
				  "Off-Road Motorcycle" means any two or three-wheeled vehicle equipped with an
				  internal combustion engine and weighing less than 1,499 pounds. An off-road
				  motorcycle is primarily designed for use off highways. These vehicles are
				  mainly used for recreational riding on dirt trails but are not limited to this
				  purpose.
(28) "Off-Road Vehicle" or
				  "Off-Road Equipment" means any non-stationary device, powered by an internal
				  combustion engine or motor, used primarily off the highways to propel, move, or
				  draw persons or property including any device propelled, moved, or drawn
				  exclusively by human power, and used in, but not limited to, the following
				  applications: Marine Vessels, Construction/Farm Equipment, Locomotives, Small
				  Off-Road Engines, Off-Road Motorcycles, and Off-Highway Recreational
				  Vehicles.
(29) "Otto Cycle Engine"
				  means a type of engine with operating characteristics significantly similar to
				  the theoretical Otto combustion cycle. The primary means of controlling power
				  output in an Otto cycle engine is by limiting the amount of air and fuel which
				  can enter the combustion chambers of the engine. As an example, gasoline-fueled
				  engines are Otto cycle engines.
(30) "Outboard engine" means a spark-ignition
				  marine engine that, when properly mounted on a marine watercraft in the
				  position to operate, houses the engine and drive unit external to the hull of
				  the marine watercraft.
(31)
				  "Personal watercraft engine" means a spark-ignition marine engine that does not
				  meet the definition of outboard engine, inboard engine or sterndrive engine,
				  except that the Executive Officer may in his or her discretion classify a
				  personal watercraft engine as an inboard or sterndrive engine if it is
				  comparable in technology and emissions to an inboard or sterndrive
				  engine.
(32) "Scheduled
				  Maintenance" means any adjustment, repair, removal, disassembly, cleaning, or
				  replacement of components or systems required by the manufacturer which is
				  performed on a periodic basis to prevent part failure or equipment or engine
				  malfunction, or anticipated as necessary to correct an overt indication of
				  malfunction or failure for which periodic maintenance is not
				  appropriate.
(33) "Small off-road
				  engine" means any engine that produces a gross horsepower less than 25
				  horsepower, or is designed (e.g., through fuel feed, valve timing, etc.) to
				  produce less than 25 horsepower, that is not used to propel a licensed on-road
				  motor vehicle, an off-road motorcycle, an all-terrain vehicle, a marine vessel,
				  a snowmobile, a model airplane, a model car, or a model boat. If an engine
				  family has models below 25 horsepower and models at or above 25 horsepower,
				  only the models under 25 horsepower would be considered small off-road engines.
				  Uses for small off-road engines include, but are not limited to, applications
				  such as lawn mowers, weed trimmers, chain saws, golf carts, specialty vehicles,
				  generators and pumps. All engines and equipment that fall within the scope of
				  the preemption of Section
				  209(e)(1)(A) of
				  the Federal Clean Air Act, as amended, and as defined by regulation of the
				  Environmental Protection Agency, are specifically not included within this
				  category.
(34) "Spark-ignition
				  marine engine" means any engine used to propel a marine watercraft, and which
				  utilizes the spark-ignition combustion cycle.
(35) "Specialty Vehicles" means any vehicle
				  powered by an internal combustion engine having not less than 3 wheels in
				  contact with the ground, having an unladen weight generally less than 2,000
				  pounds, which is typically operated between 10 and 35 miles per hour. The
				  recommended bed payload for specialty vehicles is usually up to 2,000 pounds.
				  Specialty vehicles are mainly used off of highways and residential streets.
				  Applications of such vehicles include, but are not limited to, carrying
				  passengers, hauling light loads, grounds keeping and maintenance, resort or
				  hotel areas, airports, etc.
(36)
				  "Sterndrive engine" means a four-stroke spark-ignition marine engine not used
				  in a personal watercraft that is designed such that the drive unit is external
				  to the hull of the marine watercraft, while the engine is internal to the hull
				  of the marine watercraft.
(37)
				  "Test engine" means the engine or group of engines that a manufacturer uses
				  during certification, production line and in-use testing to determine
				  compliance with emission standards.
(38) "Ultimate Purchaser" means the first
				  person who in good faith purchases a replacement, add-on, or modified part for
				  purposes other than resale.
(39)
				  "Warrantable Condition" means any condition of an engine that requires the
				  manufacturer to take corrective action pursuant to applicable defects warranty
				  provisions.
(40) "Warranted Part"
				  means any emissions-related part installed on an engine by the equipment or
				  engine manufacturer, or installed in a warranty repair, which is listed on the
				  warranty parts list.
(41) "Warranty
				  period" means the period of time, either in years or hours of operation, that
				  the engine or part is covered by the warranty provisions.
(42) "Warranty station" means a service
				  facility authorized by the equipment or engine manufacturer to perform warranty
				  repairs. This includes all manufacturer distribution centers that are
				  franchised to service the subject equipment or engines.