California Code of Regulations › Title 13 - Motor Vehicles › Division 3 - Air Resources Board › Chapter 14 - Verification Procedure, Warranty and in-Use Compliance Requirements for in-Use Strategies to Control Emissions from Diesel Engines › Section 2710 - Verification of Emission Reductions for Alternative Diesel Fuels and Fuel Additives

Current through Register 2024 Notice Reg. No. 28, July 12, 2024
(a)
				Applicability. This section applies to in-use strategies that include emission
				reductions from the use of alternative diesel fuels or fuel additives. The
				requirements in this section are in addition to those in Sections
				2700-2709, except as specifically
				noted.
(b) Alternative Diesel Fuel
				and Fuel Additive Proposed Test Protocol. The applicant must submit a proposed
				test protocol which includes:
(1) References
				to criteria pollutant and toxic emissions sampling and analyses that are
				consistent with the requirements of Section
				2703.
(2) Description and Parameters of Alternative
				Diesel Fuels and Fuel Additives.
(A) The
				applicant must describe the applicability of the alternative diesel fuel or
				fuel additive to diesel engines and identify any requirements for engine or
				fuel system modifications.
(B) The
				applicant must provide a general description of the alternative diesel fuel or
				fuel additive that includes the fuel type, fuel characteristics, fuel
				properties, fuel formulation, and chemical composition. The applicant for the
				candidate alternative diesel fuel or fuel additive must specify the following:
1. Identity, chemical composition, and
				concentration of fuel additives
2.
				Sulfur content
3. Total aromatic
				content
4. Total polycyclic
				aromatic hydrocarbon content
5.
				Nitrogen content
6. API gravity
				(density)
7. Distillation
				temperature distribution information, initial boiling point (IBP),
8. 10% recovered (REC), 5O% REC, 90% REC, and
				end point (EP)
(C) The
				applicant must provide information on the candidate alternative diesel fuel or
				fuel additive that may affect engine performance, engine wear, and safety. The
				applicant for the candidate alternative diesel fuel or fuel additive must
				specify the following:
1. Viscosity (engine
				performance)
2. Fuel volatility
				(engine performance)
3. Ignition
				quality (engine performance)
4.
				Fuel operating temperatures (engine performance)
5. Engine wear tendencies (engine
				wear)
6. Corrosion (engine
				wear)
7. Lubricity (engine
				wear)
8. Fuel flash point
				(safety)
(D) The
				applicant must provide information on the candidate alternative diesel fuel or
				fuel additive to determine if there are chemicals in the fuel or fuel additive
				that may increase levels of toxic compounds or potentially form toxic compounds
				in the fuel or fuel additive. The applicant will conduct an analysis for metals
				and elements by a method specified by the applicant. Copper, iron, cerium,
				lead, cadmium, chromium, and phosphorus must be included in the analysis.
				Additional analysis for other toxic compounds may be required after reviewing
				the chemical composition of the candidate alternative diesel fuel and its
				additives or fuel additive. (Note: For alternative diesel fuels or fuel
				additives that are in part comprised of standard diesel fuel, such as
				emulsified diesel fuels, a toxic analysis of the diesel base fuel is not
				necessary).
(E) With the approval
				of the Executive Officer or designee, an applicant may also specify different
				fuel parameters and test methods that are appropriate to better characterize
				the candidate alternative diesel fuel or fuel additive.
(3) Upon review of the proposed test
				protocol, the Executive Officer or designee may require additional fuel
				components, parameters, and specifications to be determined.
(4) Reference Fuel Specifications. The
				reference fuel used in the comparative testing described in Section
				2710(d) allows
				the applicant three options in selecting a reference fuel.
(A) Option (1). The first option is to use a
				10 percent aromatic California diesel reference fuel. The reference fuel must
				be produced from straight-run California diesel fuel by a hydrodearomatization
				process and must have the characteristics set forth below under "Reference Fuel
				Specifications" (the listed ASTM methods are incorporated herein by
				reference).
(B) Option (2). The
				second option is to make the reference fuel from a custom blend using a "like"
				California diesel fuel made from a straight-run California diesel fuel by a
				hydroaromatization process and must have the characteristics set forth below
				under "Reference Fuel Specifications." In addition the reference fuel must
				exhibit the bell shaped distillation curve characteristic of diesel fuel and no
				chemical feedstocks or pure chemicals such as solvents can be used as blend
				stocks. Details of the source and specifications of the feedstocks must be
				provided in the protocol and the processes and diesel feedstocks used to make
				the reference fuel must be reviewed and approved by the Executive
				Officer.
(C) Option (3). For
				alternative diesel fuels and fuel additives that contain diesel as a base fuel
				such as emulsified diesel fuel and 80:20 biodiesel fuel (80 percent diesel/20
				percent biodiesel), the base diesel fuel used to make the alternative diesel
				fuel or fuel additive can be used in place of the 10 percent aromatic
				California diesel reference fuel. The base diesel fuel must be a certified,
				commercially available diesel fuel sold in California. The sulfur content,
				aromatic hydrocarbon content, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon content, nitrogen
				content, natural cetane number, API gravity, viscosity, and distillation
				specifications must be provided for the base diesel fuel used for the reference
				fuel.
Table 6. Fuel Test Methods and Reference Fuel
				  Specifications
Property
General
						  Reference Fuel Specifications
ASTM Test
						  Method
Sulfur Content
15 ppm max
D5453-93
Aromatic Hydrocarbon content, Vol. %
10%
						  max
D5186-96
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon content, Wt.
						  %
1.4% max
D5186-96
Nitrogen Content
10 ppm
						  max
D4629-96
Natural Cetane Number
48
						  min
D613-84
Gravity, API
33-39
D287-82 or
						  D4052-96(2002)
Viscosity at 40°C,
						  cSt
2.0-4.1
D445-83
Flash point, °F
130 min
D93-80
Distillation, °F
D86-96
IBP
340-420
10% REC
400-490
50% REC
470-560
90% REC
550-610
EP
580-660
(5) The identity of the entity proposed to
				conduct the tests described in Section
				2710(d);
(6) Reasonably adequate quality assurance and
				quality control procedures;
(7)
				Notification of any outlier identification and exclusion procedure that will be
				used, and
(8) A demonstration that
				any procedure meets generally accepted statistical
				principles.