California Code of Regulations › Title 22 - Social Security › Division 4.5 - Environmental Health Standards for the Management of Hazardous Waste › Chapter 18 - Land Disposal Restrictions › Article 4 - Treatment Standards › Table 1 - Technology Codes and Description of Technology-Based Standards

Current through Register 2024 Notice Reg. No. 28, July 12, 2024
Technology
							 code
Description of technology-based
							 standard
ADGAS
Venting of compressed gases into an
							 absorbing or reacting media (i.e., solid or liquid) -- venting can be
							 accomplished through physical release utilizing valves/piping; physical
							 penetration of the container; and/or penetration through detonation.
AMLGM
Amalgamation of liquid, elemental
							 mercury contaminated with radioactive materials utilizing inorganic reagents
							 such as copper, zinc, nickel, gold, and sulfur that result in a nonliquid,
							 semi-solid amalgam and thereby reducing potential emissions of elemental
							 mercury vapors to the air.
BIODG
Biodegradation of organics or
							 non-metallic inorganics (i.e., degradable inorganics that contain the elements
							 of phosphorus, nitrogen, and sulfur) in units operated under either aerobic or
							 anaerobic conditions such that a surrogate compound or indicator parameter has
							 been substantially reduced in concentration in the residuals (e.g., Total
							 Organic Carbon can often be used as an indicator parameter for the
							 biodegradation of many organic constituents that cannot be directly analyzed in
							 wastewater residues).
CARBN
Carbon adsorption (granulated or
							 powdered) of non-metallic inorganics, organo-metallics, and/or organic
							 constituents, operated such that a surrogate compound or indicator parameter
							 has not undergone breakthrough (e.g., Total Organic Carbon can often be used as
							 an indicator parameter for the adsorption of many organic constituents that
							 cannot be directly analyzed in wastewater residues). Breakthrough occurs when
							 the carbon has become saturated with the constituent (or indicator parameter)
							 and substantial change in adsorption rate associated with that constituent
							 occurs.
CHOXD
Chemical or electrolytic oxidation
							 utilizing the following oxidation reagents (or waste reagents) or combinations
							 of reagents: (1) Hypochlorite (e.g. bleach); (2) chlorine; (3) chlorine
							 dioxide; (4) Ozone or UV (ultraviolet light) assisted ozone; (5) peroxides; (6)
							 persulfates; (7) perchlorates; (8) permanganates; and/or (9) other oxidizing
							 reagents of equivalent efficiency, performed in units operated such that a
							 surrogate compound or indicator parameter has been substantially reduced in
							 concentration in the residuals (e.g., Total Organic Carbon can often be used as
							 an indicator parameter for the oxidation of many organic constituents that
							 cannot be directly analyzed in wastewater residues). Chemical oxidation
							 specifically includes what is commonly referred to as alkaline
							 chlorination.
CHRED
Chemical reduction utilizing the
							 following reducing reagents (or waste reagents) or combinations of reagents:
							 (1) Sulfur dioxide; (2) sodium, potassium or alkali salts or sulfites,
							 bisulfites, metabisulfites and polyethylene glycols (e.g. NaPEG and KPEG); (3)
							 sodium hydrosulfide; (4) ferrous salts; and/or (5) other reducing reagents of
							 equivalent efficiency, performed in units operated such that a surrogate
							 compound or indicator parameter has been substantially reduced in concentration
							 in the residuals (e.g., Total Organic Halogens can often be used as an
							 indicator parameter for the reduction of many halogenated organic constituents
							 that cannot be directly analyzed in wastewater residues). Chemical reduction is
							 commonly used for the reduction of hexavalent chromium to the trivalent
							 state.
CMBST
High temperature organic destruction
							 technologies, such as combustion in incinerators, boilers, or industrial
							 furnaces operated in accordance with the applicable requirements of CCR, Title
							 22, division 4.5, chapter 14, article 14 or chapter 15, article 15 or chapter
							 16, article 8, and in other units operated in accordance with applicable
							 technical operating requirements; and certain non-combustive technologies, such
							 as the Catalytic Extraction Process.
DEACT
Deactivation to remove the hazardous
							 characteristics of a waste due to its ignitability, corrosivity, and/or
							 reactivity.
FSUBS
Fuel substitution in units operated in
							 accordance with applicable technical operating requirements.
HLVIT
Vitrification of high level mixed
							 radioactive wastes in units in compliance with all applicable radioactive
							 protection requirements under control of the Nuclear Regulatory
							 Commission.
IMERC
Incineration of wastes containing
							 organics and mercury in units operated in accordance with the technical
							 operating requirements of 40 CFR part 264 , subpart O and 40 CFR part 265 ,
							 subpart O. All wastewater and nonwastewater residues derived from this process
							 shall then comply with the corrresponding treatment standards per waste code
							 with consideration of any applicable subcategories (e.g., High or Low Mercury
							 Subcategories).
INCIN
Incineration in units operated in
							 accordance with the technical operating requirements of 40 CFR part 264 ,
							 subpart O and 40 CFR part 265 , subpart O.
LLEXT
Liquid-liquid extraction (often
							 referred to as solvent extraction) of organics from liquid wastes into an
							 immiscible solvent for which the hazardous constituents have a greater solvent
							 affinity, resulting in an extract high in organics that shall undergo either
							 incineration, reuse as a fuel, or other recovery/reuse and a raffinate
							 (extracted liquid waste) proportionately low in organics that shall undergo
							 further treatment as specified in the standard.
MACRO
Macroencapsulation with surface coating
							 materials such as polymeric organics (e.g., resins and plastics) or with a
							 jacket of inert inorganic materials to substantially reduce surface exposure to
							 potential leaching media. Macroencapsulation specifically does not include any
							 material that would be classified as a tank or container according to
							 40 CFR
							 260.10.
NEUTR
Neutralization with the following
							 reagents (or waste reagents) or combinations of reagents: (1) Acids; (2) bases;
							 or (3) water (including wastewaters) resulting in a pH greater than 2 but less
							 than 12.5 as measured in the aqueous residuals.
NLDBR
No land disposal based on
							 recycling.
POLYM
Formation of complex high-molecular
							 weight solids through polymerization of monomers in high-TOC D001
							 non-wastewaters which are chemical components in the manufacture of
							 plastics.
PRECP
Chemical precipitation of metals and
							 other inorganics as insoluble precipitates of oxides, hydroxides, carbonates,
							 sulfides, sulfates, chlorides, fluorides, or phosphates. The following reagents
							 (or waste reagents) are typically used alone or in combination: (1) Lime (i.e.,
							 containing oxides and/or hydroxides of calcium and/or magnesium; (2) caustic
							 (i.e., sodium and/or potassium hydroxides; (3) soda ash (i.e., sodium
							 carbonate); (4) sodium sulfide; (5) ferric sulfate or ferric chloride; (6)
							 alum; or (7) sodium sulfate. Additional flocculating, coagulation, or similar
							 reagents/processes that enhance sludge dewatering characteristics are not
							 precluded from use.
RBERY
Thermal recovery of Beryllium.
RCGAS
Recovery/reuse of compressed gases
							 including techniques such as reprocessing of the gases for reuse/resale;
							 filtering/adsorption of impurities; remixing for direct reuse or resale; and
							 use of the gas as a fuel source.
RCORR
Recovery of acids or bases utilizing
							 one or more of the following recovery technologies: (1) Distillation (i.e.,
							 thermal concentration); (2) ion exchange; (3) resin or solid adsorption; (4)
							 reverse osmosis; and /or (5) incineration for the recovery of acid -- Note:
							 this does not preclude the use of other physical phase separation or
							 concentration techniques such as decantation, filtration (including
							 ultrafiltration), and centrifugation, when used in conjunction with the above
							 listed recovery technologies.
RLEAD
Thermal recovery of lead in secondary
							 lead smelters.
RMERC
Retorting or roasting in a thermal
							 processing unit capable of volatilizing mercury and subsequently condensing the
							 volatilized mercury for recovery. The retorting or roasting unit (or facility)
							 must be subject to one or more of the following: (a) a National Emissions
							 Standard for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAP) for mercury; (b) a Best
							 Available Control Technology (BACT) or a Lowest Achievable Emission Rate (LAER)
							 standard for mercury imposed pursuant to a Prevention of Significant
							 Deterioration (PSD) permit; or (c) a state permit that establishes emission
							 limitations (within meaning of section
							 302 of the Clean Air Act) for
							 mercury. All wastewater and nonwastewater residues derived from this process
							 shall then comply with the corresponding treatment standards per waste code
							 with consideration of any applicable subcategories (e.g., High or Low Mercury
							 Subcategories).
RMETL
Recovery of metals or inorganics
							 utilizing one or more of the following direct physical/removal technologies:
							 (1) Ion exchange; (2) resin or solid (i.e., zeolites) adsorption; (3) reverse
							 osmosis; (4) chelation/solvent extraction; (5) freeze crystallization; (6)
							 ultrafiltration; and/or (7) simple precipitation (i.e., crystalization) --
							 Note: this does not preclude the use of other physical phase separation or
							 concentration techniques such as decantation, filtration (including
							 ultrafiltration), and centrifugation, when used in conjunction with the above
							 listed recovery technologies.
RORGS
Recovery of organics utilizing one or
							 more of the following technologies: (1) Distillation; (2) thin film
							 evaporation; (3) steam stripping; (4) carbon adsorption; (5) critical fluid
							 extraction; (6) liquid-liquid extraction; (7) precipitation/crystallization
							 (including freeze crystallization); or (8) chemical phase separation techniques
							 (i.e., addition of acids, bases, demulsifiers, or similar chemicals); Note:
							 This does not preclude the use of other physical phase separation techniques
							 such as decantation, filtration (including ultrafiltration), and
							 centrifugation, when used in conjunction with the above listed recovery
							 technologies.
RTHRM
Thermal recovery of metals or
							 inorganics from nonwastewaters in units defined in
							 40 CFR
							 260.10, paragraphs (1), (6), (7), (11), and
							 (12), under the definition of "industrial furnaces".
RZINC
Resmelting in high temperature metal
							 recovery units for the purpose of recovery of zinc.
STABL
Stabilization with the following
							 reagents (or waste reagents) or combinations of reagents: (1) Portland cement;
							 or (2) lime/pozzolans (e.g., fly ash and cement kiln dust) -- this does not
							 preclude the addition of reagents (e.g., iron salts, silicates, and clays)
							 designed to enhance the set/cure time and/or compressive strength, or to
							 overall reduce the leachability of the metal or inorganic.
SSTRP
Steam stripping of organics from liquid
							 wastes utilizing direct application of steam to the wastes operated such that
							 liquid and vapor flow rates, as well as, temperature and pressure ranges have
							 been optimized, monitored, and maintained. These operating parameters are
							 dependent upon the design parameters of the unit such as, the number of
							 separation stages and the internal column design. Thus, resulting in a
							 condensed extract high in organics that shall undergo either incineration,
							 reuse as a fuel, or other recovery/reuse and an extracted wastewater that shall
							 undergo further treatment as specified in the standard.
WETOX
Wet air oxidation performed in units
							 operated such that a surrogate compound or indicator parameter has been
							 substantially reduced in concentration in the residuals (e.g., Total Organic
							 Carbon can often be used as an indicator parameter for the oxidation of many
							 organic constituents that cannot be directly analyzed in wastewater
							 residues).
WTRRX
Controlled reaction with water for
							 highly reactive inorganic or organic chemicals with precautionary controls for
							 protection of workers from potential violent reactions as well as precautionary
							 controls for potential emissions of toxic/ignitable levels of gases released
							 during the reaction.