California Code of Regulations › Title 8 - Industrial Relations › Division 1 - Department of Industrial Relations › Chapter 4 - Division of Industrial Safety › Subchapter 5 - Electrical Safety Orders › Group 1 - Low-Voltage Electrical Safety Orders › Article 1 - Definitions › Section 2300 - Definitions

Current through Register 2024 Notice Reg. No. 28, July 12, 2024
(a) Only
						definitions of terms peculiar to and essential to the proper use of this Safety
						Order are included. In general, only those terms used in two or more Articles
						are defined in Article 1. Other definitions are included in the Article in
						which they are used but may be referenced in Article 1.
(b) Definitions.
Acceptable. An installation or equipment is acceptable
						  to the Division of Occupational Safety and Health, if approved as prescribed in
						  Section 2305.4 of these Safety
						  Orders.
Accepted. An installation is "accepted" if it has been
						  inspected and found by a nationally recognized testing laboratory to conform to
						  specified plans or to procedures of applicable codes.
Accessible.
(A) Equipment Application (Other than Wiring
						Methods). Admitting close approach because not guarded by locked doors,
						elevation, or other effective means.
(B) Readily. Capable of being reached quickly
						for operation, renewal, or inspections, without requiring those to whom ready
						access is requisite to climb over or remove obstacles or to resort to portable
						ladders, chairs, etc.
(C) Safely.
						Not exposing persons installing, operating, maintaining, or inspecting
						electrical apparatus to serious risks of tripping or falling or of coming in
						contact with energized electrical parts, moving machinery, surfaces or objects
						operating at high temperatures or other hazardous equipment.
(D) Wiring Method Application. Capable of
						being removed or exposed without damaging the building structure or finish, or
						not permanently closed in by the structure or finish of the building (see
						"Concealed" and "Exposed").
Ampacity. The current, in amperes, that a conductor can
						  carry continuously under the conditions of use without exceeding its
						  temperature rating.
Appliance. Utilization equipment, generally other than
						  industrial, normally built in standardized sizes or types, which is installed
						  or connected as a unit to perform one or more functions such as clothes
						  washing, air conditioning, food mixing, deep frying, etc.
Appliance, Fixed. An appliance which is fastened or
						  otherwise secured at a specific location.
Appliance, Portable. An appliance which is actually
						  moved or can easily be moved from one place to another in normal use.
Approved. The conductors and equipment required or
						  permitted by these orders shall be acceptable to the Division of Occupational
						  Safety and Health only if approved as prescribed in Section
						  2305.4 of these Safety
						  Orders.
Armored Cable (Type AC). A fabricated assembly of
						  insulated conductors in a flexible metallic enclosure.
Askarel. A generic term for a group of nonflammable
						  synthetic chlorinated hydrocarbons used as electrical insulating media.
						  Askarels of various compositional types are used. Under arcing conditions the
						  gases produced, while consisting predominantly of noncombustible hydrogen
						  chloride, can include varying amounts of combustible gases depending upon the
						  askarel type.
Attachment Plug (Plug Cap) (Cap). A device which, by
						  insertion in a receptacle, establishes connection between the conductors of the
						  attached flexible cord and the conductors connected permanently to the
						  receptacle. Authorized Person. A qualified person delegated to perform specific
						  duties under the conditions existing.
Automatic. Self-acting, operating by its own mechanism
						  when actuated by some impersonal influence, as, for example, a change in
						  current strength, pressure, temperature, or mechanical configuration.
Bare Conductor. See Conductor.
Barricade. Physical obstruction such as tapes, screens,
						  cones, or structures that are setup in a manner intended to warn and limit
						  access to a hazardous area.
Barrier. A physical obstruction that is intended to
						  prevent contact with equipment or live parts or to prevent unauthorized access
						  to a work area.
Bathroom. An area including a basin with one or more of
						  the following: a toilet, a tub, or a shower.
Bond. An electrical connection from one metallic
						  element to another for the purpose of minimizing potential differences and
						  providing suitable conductivity for fault current or for mitigation of leakage
						  current and electrolytic action.
Bonding (Bonded). The permanent joining of metallic
						  parts to form an electrically conductive path which will assure electrical
						  continuity and the capacity to conduct safely any current likely to be
						  imposed.
Bonding Jumper. A reliable conductor to assure the
						  required electrical conductivity between metal parts required to be
						  electrically connected.
Bonding Jumper, Circuit. The connection between
						  portions of a conductor in a circuit to maintain required ampacity of the
						  circuit.
Bonding Jumper, Equipment. The connection between two
						  or more portions of the equipment grounding conductor.
Bonding Jumper, Main. The connection between the
						  grounded circuit conductor and the equipment grounding conductor at the
						  service.
Branch Circuit. The circuit conductors between the
						  final overcurrent device protecting the circuit and the outlet(s).
Branch Circuit, Appliance. A branch circuit supplying
						  energy to one or more outlets to which appliances are to be connected; such
						  circuits to have no permanently connected lighting fixtures not a part of an
						  appliance.
Branch Circuit, General Purpose. A branch circuit that
						  supplies a number of outlets for lighting and appliances.
Branch Circuit, Individual. A branch circuit that
						  supplies only one utilization equipment.
Branch Circuit, Multiwire. A branch circuit consisting
						  of two or more ungrounded conductors having a potential difference between
						  them, and an identified grounded conductor having equal potential difference
						  between it and each ungrounded conductor of the circuit and which is connected
						  to the neutral conductor of the system.
Building. A structure which stands alone or which is
						  cut off from adjoining structures by fire walls with all openings therein
						  protected by approved fire doors.
Building Space. A room, vault, or wiring enclosures
						  such as conduit, pull box, switchboards, and other like enclosures.
Cabinet. An enclosure designed either for surface or
						  flush mounting and provided with a frame, mat, or trim in which a swinging door
						  or doors are or can be hung.
Cable Sheath. A protective covering applied to
						  cables.
Cable Tray System. A unit or assembly of units or
						  sections and associated fittings forming a rigid structural system used to
						  securely fasten or support cables and raceways. Cable tray systems include
						  ladders, troughs, channels, solid bottom trays, and other similar
						  structures.
Cablebus. An assembly of insulated conductors with
						  fittings and conductor terminations in a completely enclosed, ventilated,
						  protective metal housing.
Cell Line. An assembly of electrically interconnected
						  electrolytic cells supplied by a source of direct current power.
Cell Line Attachments and Auxiliary Equipment. Cell
						  line attachments and auxiliary equipment include, but are not limited to,
						  auxiliary tanks, process piping, ductwork, structural supports, exposed cell
						  line conductors, conduits and other raceways, pumps, positioning equipment, and
						  cell cutout or bypass electrical devices. Auxiliary equipment also includes
						  tools, welding machines, crucibles, and other portable equipment used for
						  operation and maintenance within the electrolytic cell line working zone. In
						  the cell line working zone, auxiliary equipment includes the exposed conductive
						  surfaces of ungrounded cranes and crane-mounted cell-servicing
						  equipment.
Center Pivot Irrigation Machine. A multi-motored
						  irrigation machine that revolves around a central pivot and employs alignment
						  switches or similar devices to control individual motors.
Certified. Equipment is "certified" if it bears a
						  label, tag, or other record of certification that the
						  equipment:
(A) Has been
						tested and found by a nationally recognized testing laboratory to meet
						nationally recognized standards or to be safe for use in a specified manner;
						or
(B) Is of a kind whose
						production is periodically inspected by a nationally recognized testing
						laboratory and is accepted by the laboratory as safe for its intended use.
Circuit. A conductor or system of conductors through
						  which an electric current is intended to flow.
Circuit Breaker. A device designed to open and close a
						  circuit by nonautomatic means and to open the circuit automatically on a
						  predetermined overcurrent without damage to itself when properly applied within
						  its rating.
(A) Adjustable.
						(As applied to Circuit Breakers.) A qualifying term indicating that the circuit
						breaker can be set to trip at various values of current and/or time within a
						predetermined range.
(B)
						Instantaneous Trip. (As applied to Circuit Breakers.) A qualifying term
						indicating that no delay is purposely introduced in the tripping action of the
						circuit breaker.
(C) Inverse Time.
						(As applied to Circuit Breakers.) A qualifying term indicating there is
						purposely introduced a delay in the tripping action of the circuit breaker,
						which delay decreases as the magnitude of the current increases.
(D) Nonadjustable. (As applied to Circuit
						Breakers.) A qualifying term indicating that the circuit breaker does not have
						any adjustment to alter the value of current at which it will trip or the time
						required for its operation.
(E)
						Setting. (Of Circuit Breaker.) The value of current and/or time at which an
						adjustable circuit breaker is set to trip.
Concealed. Rendered inaccessible by the structure or
						  finish of the building. Wires in concealed raceways are considered concealed,
						  even though they may become accessible by withdrawing them. [See
						  "Accessible--(As applied to wiring methods)"]
Conductor.
(A)
						Bare. A conductor having no covering or electrical insulation whatsoever. (See
						"Conductor, Covered.")
(B) Covered.
						A conductor encased within material of composition or thickness that is not
						recognized by these Orders as electrical insulation. (See "Conductor, Bare.")
Current-Carrying Part. A conductor connected in an
						  electric circuit to a source of voltage.
(C) Insulated. A conductor encased within
						material of composition and thickness that is recognized by these Orders as
						electrical insulation.
Conduit. (See "Raceway.")
Conduit Body. A separate portion of a conduit or tubing
						  system that provides access through one or more removable covers to the
						  interior of the system at a junction of two or more sections of the system or
						  at a terminal point of the system. Boxes such as FS and FD or larger cast or
						  sheet metal boxes are not classified as conduit bodies.
Connector, Pressure (Solderless). A device that
						  establishes a connection between two or more conductors or between one or more
						  conductors and a terminal by means of mechanical pressure and without the use
						  of solder.
Continuous Duty. (See under "Duty.")
Continuous Load. A load where the maximum current is
						  expected to continue for three hours or more.
Controller. A device or group of devices that serves to
						  govern, in some predetermined manner, the electric power delivered to the
						  apparatus to which it is connected.
Cooking Unit, Counter-Mounted. A cooking appliance
						  designed for mounting in or on a counter and consisting of one or more heating
						  elements, internal wiring, and built-in or separately mountable controls. (See
						  "Oven, Wall-Mounted.")
Covered Conductor. (See under "Conductor.")
Current-Carrying Part. A conductor connected in an
						  electric circuit to a source of voltage.
Cutout Box. An enclosure designed for surface mounting
						  and having swinging doors or covers secured directly to and telescoping with
						  the walls of the box proper. (See "Cabinet.")
Damp Location. (See under "Location.")
Dead Front Without live parts exposed to a person on
						  the operating side of the equipment.
Deenergized. Free from any electrical connection to a
						  source of potential difference and from electrical charge; not having a
						  potential different from that of the earth.
Demand Factor. The ratio of the maximum demand of a
						  system, or part of a system, to the total connected load of a system or the
						  part of the system under consideration.
Device. A unit of an electrical system which is
						  intended to carry but not utilize electric energy.
Dielectric Heating. The heating of a nominally
						  insulating material due to its own dielectric losses when the material is
						  placed in a varying electric field.
Different Systems. Those which derive their supply from
						  different sources, or from individual transformers or banks of transformers
						  which do not have their secondary windings interconnected, or from individual
						  service switches.
Disconnecting Means. A device, or group of devices, or
						  other means by which the conductors of a circuit can be disconnected from their
						  source of supply.
Division. Unless otherwise designated in this
						  subchapter, the term "Division" refers to the current Division of Occupational
						  Safety and Health or any of its predecessors including the former Division of
						  Industrial Safety or the Division of Occupational Safety and Health
						  Administration. Reference to the former Division of Industrial Safety or
						  Division of Occupational Safety and Health Administration in these orders is
						  meant to refer to their successor, the Division of Occupational Safety and
						  Health, or any subsequent successor agency.
Dry Location. (See under "Location.")
Dustproof. So constructed or protected that dust will
						  not interfere with its successful operation.
Dust-Tight. So constructed that dust will not enter the
						  enclosing case.
Duty.
(A)
						Continuous Duty. Operation at a substantially constant load for an indefinitely
						long time.
(B) Intermittent Duty.
						Operation for alternate intervals of (1) load and no load; or (2) load and
						rest; or (3) load, no load and rest.
(C) Periodic Duty. Intermittent operation in
						which the load conditions are regularly recurrent.
(D) Short Time Duty. Operation at a
						substantially constant load for a short and definitely specified
						time.
(E) Varying Duty. Operation
						at loads, and for intervals of time, both of which may be subject to wide
						variation.
Electrolytic Cell Line Working Zone. The cell line
						  working zone is the space envelope wherein operation or maintenance is normally
						  performed on or in the vicinity of exposed energized surfaces of electrolytic
						  cell lines or their attachments.
Electrolytic Cells. A tank or vat in which
						  electrochemical reactions are caused by applying energy for the purpose of
						  refining or producing usable materials.
Enclosed. Surrounded by a case, housing, fence or walls
						  which will prevent persons from accidentally contacting energized parts.
Enclosure. The case or housing of apparatus, or the
						  fence or wall surrounding an installation to prevent personnel from
						  accidentally contacting energized parts, or to protect the equipment from
						  physical damage.
Energized. Electrically connected to a source of
						  potential difference.
Energized Parts (Live Parts). Parts which are of a
						  potential different from that of the earth, or some conducting body which
						  serves in place of the earth.
Fall Protection. Any equipment, device, or system that
						  prevents an employee from falling from an elevated location or mitigates the
						  effect of such a fall.
Equipment. A general term including material, fittings,
						  devices, appliances, fixtures, apparatus, and the like used as a part of, or in
						  connection with, an electrical installation.
Equipment Grounding Conductor. See "Grounding
						  Conductor, Equipment."
Explosion-Proof Apparatus. Apparatus enclosed in a case
						  that is capable of withstanding an explosion of a specified gas or vapor which
						  may occur within it and of preventing the ignition of a specified gas or vapor
						  surrounding the enclosure by sparks, flashes, or explosion of the gas or vapor
						  within, and which operates at such an external temperature that a surrounding
						  flammable atmosphere will not be ignited thereby.
Exposed. (As applied to live parts.) Capable of being
						  inadvertently touched or approached nearer than a safe distance by a person. It
						  is applied to parts not suitably guarded, isolated, or insulated. (See
						  "Accessible" and "Concealed.")
Exposed. (As applied to wiring methods.) On or attached
						  to the surface or behind panels designed to allow access. [See "Accessible--(As
						  applied to wiring methods)"]
Exposed. (For the purposes of Article 87.) Where the
						  circuit is in such a position that in case of failure of supports or
						  insulation, contact with another circuit may result.
Externally Operable. Capable of being operated without
						  exposing the operator to contact with live parts.
Fall Protection. Any equipment, device, or system that
						  prevents an employee from falling from an elevated location or mitigates the
						  effect of such a fall.
Feeder. All circuit conductors between the service
						  equipment, the source of a separate derived system, or other power supply
						  source and the final branch circuit overcurrent device.
Fitting. An accessory such as a locknut, bushing, or
						  other part of a wiring system that is intended primarily to perform a
						  mechanical rather than an electrical function.
Fountain. Fountains, ornamental pools, display pools,
						  and reflection pools.
NOTE: This definition does not include drinking
						  fountains.
Ground. A conducting connection, whether intentional or
						  accidental, between an electrical circuit or equipment and the earth, or to
						  some conducting body that serves in place of the earth.
Grounded. Connected to earth or to some conducting body
						  that serves in place of the earth.
Grounded, Effectively. Intentionally connected to earth
						  through a ground connection or connections of sufficiently low impedance and
						  having sufficient current-carrying capacity to prevent the buildup of voltages
						  that may result in undue hazards to connected equipment or to persons.
Grounded Conductor. A system or circuit conductor that
						  is intentionally grounded.
Grounding Conductor. A conductor used to connect
						  equipment or the grounded circuit of a wiring system to a grounding electrode
						  or electrodes.
Grounding Conductor, Equipment. The conductor used to
						  connect the noncurrent-carrying metal parts of equipment, raceways, and other
						  enclosures to the system grounded conductor, the grounding electrode conductor,
						  or both, at the service equipment or at the source of a separately derived
						  system.
Grounding Electrode Conductor. The conductor used to
						  connect the grounding electrode to the equipment grounding conductor, to the
						  grounded conductor, or to both, of the circuits at the service equipment or at
						  the source of a separately derived system.
Ground-Fault Circuit-Interrupter. A device intended for
						  the protection of personnel that functions to de-energize a circuit or portion
						  thereof within an established period of time when a current to ground exceeds
						  some predetermined value that is less than that required to operate the
						  overcurrent protective device of the supply circuit.
Guarded. Covered, shielded, fenced, enclosed, or
						  otherwise protected by means of suitable covers, casings, barriers, rails,
						  screens, mats, or platforms to remove the likelihood of approach to a point of
						  danger or contact by persons or objects.
Healthcare Facilities. Buildings or portions of
						  buildings in which medical, dental, psychiatric, nursing, obstetrical, or
						  surgical care are provided.
NOTE: Healthcare facilities include, but are not
						  limited to, hospitals, nursing homes, limited care facilities, clinics, medical
						  and dental offices, and ambulatory care centers, whether permanent or
						  movable.
Heating Equipment. For the purposes of Article 77.2,
						  the term "heating equipment" includes any equipment used for heating purposes
						  if heat is generated by induction or dielectric methods.
Hoistway. Any shaftway, hatchway, well hole, or other
						  vertical opening or space that is designed for the operation of an elevator or
						  dumbwaiter.
Identified (as applied to equipment). Approved as
						  suitable for the specific purpose, function, use, environment, or application,
						  where described in a particular requirement.
NOTE: Some examples of ways to determine suitability of
						  equipment for a specific purpose, environment, or application include
						  investigations by a nationally recognized testing laboratory (through listing
						  and labeling), inspection agency, or other organization recognized under the
						  definition of "acceptable."
Induction Heating. The heating of a nominally
						  conductive material due to its own I2R losses when
						  the material is placed in a varying electromagnetic field.
Insulated. Separated from other conducting surfaces by
						  a dielectric (including air space) offering a high resistance to the passage of
						  current. Insulated Conductor. See "Conductor, Insulated."
Interlock. An electrical, mechanical, or key-locked
						  device intended to prevent an undesired sequence of operations.
Interrupting Rating. The highest current at rated
						  voltage that an overcurrent protective device is intended to interrupt under
						  standard test conditions.
Irrigation Machine. An electrically driven or
						  controlled machine, with one or more motors, not hand portable, and used
						  primarily to transport and distribute water for agricultural purposes.
Isolated. (As applied to location.) Not readily
						  accessible to persons unless special means for access are used.
Isolated Power System. A system comprising an isolating
						  transformer or its equivalent, a line isolation monitor, and its ungrounded
						  circuit conductors.
Labeled. Equipment is "labeled" if there is attached to
						  it a label, symbol, or other identifying mark of a nationally recognized
						  testing laboratory, that maintains periodic inspection of production of such
						  equipment and by whose labeling is indicated compliance with nationally
						  recognized standards or tests to determine safe usage in a specified
						  manner.
Lighting Outlet. An outlet intended for the direct
						  connection of a lampholder, a lighting fixture, or a pendant cord terminating
						  in a lampholder.
Listed. Equipment or materials included in a list
						  published by a nationally recognized testing laboratory that maintains periodic
						  inspection of production of such equipment, and whose listing states either
						  that the equipment meets nationally recognized standards or has been tested and
						  found safe for use in a specified manner.
Live Parts. Energized conductive
						  components.
Location.
(A)
						Damp Location. Partially protected locations under canopies, marquees, roofed
						open porches, and like locations, and interior locations subject to moderate
						degrees of moisture, such as some basements, some barns, and some cold storage
						warehouses.
(B) Dry Location. A
						location not normally subject to dampness or wetness. A location classified as
						dry may be temporarily subject to dampness or wetness, as in the case of a
						building under construction.
(C)
						Wet Location. Installations underground or in concrete slabs or masonry in
						direct contact with the earth, and locations subject to saturation with water
						or other liquids, such as vehicle washing areas, and locations exposed to
						weather and unprotected.
Locking in the Open Position. The use of lockable
						  devices, such as padlocks, combination locks or other positive methods or
						  procedures which will effectively prevent unexpected or inadvertent energizing
						  of a designated circuit, equipment or appliance.
Metal-Clad Cable (Type MC). A factory assembly of one
						  or more insulated circuit conductors with or without optical fiber members
						  enclosed in an armor of interlocking metal tape, or a smooth or corrugated
						  metallic sheath.
Metal-Enclosed. Metal-enclosed, as an adjective, refers
						  to electrical apparatus surrounded by a metal case or housing.
Mineral-Insulated Metal-Sheathed Cable (Type MI). Type
						  MI, mineral-insulated metal-sheathed, cable is a factory assembly of one or
						  more conductors insulated with a highly compressed refractory mineral
						  insulation and enclosed in a liquidtight and gastight continuous copper or
						  alloy steel sheath.
Minimum Approach Distance. The closest distance a
						  qualified person, which includes qualified electrical worker, qualified tree
						  worker, and qualified line clearance tree trimmer may approach an exposed
						  energized object.
Mobile X-Ray. X-ray equipment mounted on a permanent
						  base with wheels or casters or both for moving while completely
						  assembled.
Motor Control Center. An assembly of one or more
						  enclosed sections having a common power bus and principally containing motor
						  control units.
Nonmetallic-Sheathed Cable (Types NM, NMC, and NMS). A
						  factory assembly of two or more insulated conductors having an outer sheath of
						  moisture resistant, flame-retardant, nonmetallic material.
Open Wiring. Uninsulated conductors or insulated
						  conductors without grounded metallic sheaths or shields installed above ground,
						  but not inside apparatus or wiring enclosures.
Open Wiring on Insulators. Open wiring on insulators is
						  an exposed wiring method using cleats, knobs, tubes, and flexible tubing for
						  the protection and support of single insulated conductors run in or on
						  buildings, and not concealed by the building structure.
Outlet. A point on the wiring system at which current
						  is taken to supply utilization equipment.
Outline Lighting. An arrangement of incandescent lamps
						  or electric discharge lighting to outline or call attention to certain features
						  such as the shape of a building or the decoration of a window.
Oven, Wall-Mounted. An oven for cooking purposes
						  designed for mounting in or on a wall or other surface and consisting of one or
						  more heating elements, internal wiring, and built-in or separately mountable
						  controls. (See "Cooking Unit, Counter-Mounted.")
Overcurrent. Any current in excess of the rated current
						  of equipment or the ampacity of a conductor. It may result from overload, short
						  circuit, or ground fault.
Overload. Operation of equipment in excess of normal,
						  full-load rating, or of a conductor in excess of rated ampacity that, when it
						  persists for a sufficient length of time, would cause damage or dangerous
						  overheating. A fault, such as a short circuit or ground fault, is not an
						  overload. (See Overcurrent.)
Panelboard. A single panel or group of panel units
						  designed for assembly in the form of a single panel including buses, automatic
						  overcurrent devices, and with or without switches for the control of light,
						  heat, or power circuits; designed to be placed in a cabinet or cutout box
						  placed in or against a wall or partition and accessible only from the front.
						  (See "Switchboard.")
Permanently Installed Decorative Fountains and
						  Reflection Pools. Pools that are constructed in the ground, on the ground, or
						  in a building in such a manner that the fountain or pool cannot be readily
						  disassembled for storage, whether or not served by electrical circuits of any
						  nature. These units are primarily constructed for their aesthetic value and are
						  not intended for swimming or wading.
Permanently Installed Swimming, Wading, and Therapeutic
						  Pools. Pools that are constructed in the ground or partially in the ground, and
						  all other capable of holding water in a depth greater than 42 in. (1.07 m). The
						  definition also applies to all pools installed inside of a building, regardless
						  of water depth, whether or not served by electric circuits of any
						  nature.
Portable X-Ray. X-ray equipment designed to be
						  hand-carried.
Power and Control Tray Cable (Type TC). A factory
						  assembly of two or more insulated conductors, with or without associated bare
						  or covered grounding conductors under a nonmetallic sheath, approved for
						  installation in cable trays, in raceways, or where supported by a messenger
						  wire.
Power-Limited Tray Cable (Type PLTC). A factory
						  assembly of two or more insulated conductors under a nonmetallic jacket.
Power Outlet. An enclosed assembly which may include
						  receptacles, circuit breakers, fuseholders, fused switches, buses and watt-hour
						  meter mounting means; intended to supply and control power to mobile homes,
						  recreational vehicles or boats, or to serve as a means for distributing power
						  required to operate mobile or temporarily installed equipment. Premises Wiring
						  (Premises Wiring System). That interior and exterior wiring, including power,
						  lighting, control, and signal circuit wiring together with all of its
						  associated hardware, fittings, and wiring devices; both permanently and
						  temporarily installed which extends from the service point of utility
						  conductors or source of power (such as a battery, a solar photovoltaic system,
						  or a generator, transformer, or converter) to the outlet(s). Such wiring does
						  not include wiring internal to appliances, fixtures, motors, controllers, motor
						  control centers, and similar equipment.
Pull Box. A box with a blank cover into which workers
						  may reach but not enter which is inserted in one or more runs of raceway to
						  facilitate pulling, joining, supporting, distributing or inspecting conductors.
						  The term "pull box" includes but is not limited to: junction boxes, splice
						  boxes, conductor support boxes, inspection boxes, and handholes.
Qualified Electrical Worker. A qualified person who by
						  reason of a minimum of two years of training and experience with high-voltage
						  circuits and equipment and who has demonstrated by performance familiarity with
						  the work to be performed and the hazards involved.
Qualified Line Clearance Tree Trimmer. A person who has
						  completed a minimum of 18 months-related training and on-the-job experience and
						  is familiar with the special techniques and hazards involved in line clearance
						  tree trimming operations.
Qualified Person. A person, designated by the employer,
						  who has received training in and has demonstrated skills and knowledge in the
						  construction and operation of electric equipment and installations and the
						  hazards involved.
NOTES:
1.
						Whether an employee is considered to be a "qualified person" will depend upon
						various circumstances in the workplace. For example, it is possible for an
						individual to be considered "qualified" with regard to certain equipment in the
						workplace, but "unqualified" as to other equipment.
2. An employee who is undergoing on-the-job
						training and who, in the course of such training, has demonstrated an ability
						to perform duties safely at his or her level of training and who is under the
						direct supervision of a qualified person is considered to be a qualified person
						for the performance of those duties.
Qualified Tree Worker. An employee who, through related
						  training and on-the-job experience, has demonstrated familiarity with the
						  techniques and hazards of tree maintenance, removal, and the equipment used in
						  the specific operations involved.
Raceway. An enclosed channel of metal or nonmetallic
						  materials designed expressly for holding wires, cables, or busbars, with
						  additional functions as permitted in these orders. Raceways include, but are
						  not limited to rigid metal conduit, rigid nonmetallic conduit, intermediate
						  metal conduit, liquid-tight flexible conduit, flexible metallic tubing,
						  flexible metal conduit, electrical nonmetallic tubing, electrical metallic
						  tubing, underfloor raceways, cellular concrete floor raceways, cellular metal
						  floor raceways, surface raceways, wireways, and busways.
Rainproof. So constructed, protected, or treated as to
						  prevent rain from interfering with successful operation of the
						  apparatus.
Raintight. So constructed or protected that exposure to
						  a beating rain will not result in the entrance of water.
Receptacle. A contact device installed at the outlet
						  for the connection of an attachment plug. A single receptacle is a single
						  contact device with no other contact device on the same yoke. A multiple
						  receptacle is two or more contact devices on the same yoke.
Receptacle Outlet. An outlet where one or more
						  receptacles are installed.
Remote-Control Circuit. Any electric circuit that
						  controls any other circuit through a relay or an equivalent device.
Separately Derived System. A premises wiring system
						  whose power is derived from a battery, a solar photovoltaic system, or from a
						  generator, transformer, or converter windings and that has no direct electrical
						  connection, including a solidly connected grounded circuit conductor, to supply
						  conductors originating in another system.
Service. The conductors and equipment for delivering
						  energy from the electricity supply system to the wiring system of the premises
						  served.
Service Cable. Service conductors made up in the form
						  of a cable.
Service Conductors. The conductors from the service
						  point to the service disconnecting means.
Service Drop. The overhead service conductors from the
						  last pole or other aerial support to and including the splices, if any,
						  connecting to the service-entrance conductors at the building or other
						  structure.
Service-Entrance Cable. A single conductor or
						  multiconductor assembly provided with or without an overall covering, primarily
						  used for services, and is of the following types:
(A) Type SE. Type SE, having a
						flame-retardant, moisture resistant covering; and
(B) Type USE. Type USE, identified for
						underground use, having a moisture-resistant covering, but not required to have
						a flame-retardant covering. Cabled, single-conductor, Type USE constructions
						recognized for underground use may have a bare copper conductor cabled with the
						assembly. Type USE single, parallel, or cable conductor assemblies recognized
						for underground use may have a bare copper concentric conductor applied. These
						constructions do not require an outer overall covering.
Service-Entrance Conductors, Overhead System. The
						  service conductors between the terminals of the service equipment and a point
						  usually outside the building, clear of building walls, where joined by tap or
						  splice to the service drop.
Service-Entrance Conductors, Underground System. The
						  service conductors between the terminals of the service equipment and the point
						  of connection to the service lateral.
Service Equipment. The necessary equipment, usually
						  consisting of one or more circuit breakers or switches and fuses, and their
						  accessories, connected to the load end of service conductors to a building or
						  other structure, or an otherwise designated area, and intended to constitute
						  the main control and cutoff of the supply.
Service Point. The point of connection between the
						  facilities of the serving utility and the premises wiring.
Service Lateral. The underground service conductors
						  between the street main, including any risers at a pole or other structure or
						  from transformers, and the first point of connection to the service-entrance
						  conductors in a terminal box or meter or other enclosure with adequate space
						  inside or outside the building wall. Where there is no terminal box, meter, or
						  other enclosure with adequate space, the point of connection shall be
						  considered to be the point of entrance of the service conductors into the
						  building.
Service Raceway. The raceway that encloses the
						  service-entrance conductors.
Shielded Nonmetallic-Sheathed Cable (Type SNM). A
						  factory assembly of two or more insulated conductors in an extruded core of
						  moisture-resistant, flame-resistant nonmetallic material, covered with an
						  overlapping spiral metal tape and wire shield and jacketed with an extruded
						  moisture-, flame-, oil-, corrosion-, fungus-, and sunlight-resistant
						  nonmetallic material.
Show Window. Any window used or designed to be used for
						  the display of goods or advertising material, whether it is fully or partly
						  enclosed or entirely open at the rear and whether or not it has a platform
						  raised higher than the street floor level.
Signaling Circuit. Any electric circuit that energizes
						  signaling equipment.
Storable Swimming or Wading Pool. A pool that is
						  constructed on or above the ground and is capable of holding water to a maximum
						  depth of 42 in. (1.07 m), or a pool with nonmetallic, molded polymeric walls or
						  inflatable fabric walls regardless of dimension.
Suitable. Capable of performing with safety the
						  particular function specified in these Orders.
Switches.
(A)
						General-Use Switch. A switch intended for use in general distribution and
						branch circuits. It is rated in amperes, and it is capable of interrupting its
						rated current at its rated voltage.
(B) General-Use Snap Switch. A form of
						general-use switch so constructed that it can be installed in device boxes or
						on box covers, or otherwise used in conjunction with wiring systems recognized
						by this Order.
(C) Isolating
						Switch. A switch intended for isolating an electric circuit from the source of
						power. It has no interrupting rating, and it is intended to be operated only
						after the circuit has been opened by some other means.
(D) Motor Circuit Switch. A switch, rated in
						horsepower, capable of interrupting the maximum operating overload current of a
						motor of the same horsepower rating as the switch at the rated voltage.
Switchboard. A large single panel, frame, or assembly
						  of panels on which are mounted, on the face or back or both, switches,
						  overcurrent and other protective devices, buses, and usually instruments.
						  Switchboards are generally accessible from the rear as well as from the front
						  and are not intended to be installed in cabinets. (See "Panelboard.")
Thermal Cutout. An overcurrent protective device that
						  contains a heater element in addition to and affecting a renewable fusible
						  member which opens the circuit. It is not designed to interrupt short-circuit
						  currents.
Thermally Protected. (As applied to motors.) The words
						  "Thermally Protected" appearing on the nameplate of a motor or motor-compressor
						  indicate that the motor is provided with a thermal protector.
Thermal Protector. An inherent overheating protective
						  device which is responsive to temperature and/or current and which protects the
						  equipment against overheating due to overload or failure to start.
Utilization Equipment. Equipment which utilizes
						  electric energy for electronic, electromechanical, chemical, heating, lighting,
						  or similar purposes.
Vehicle. A device by which any person or property may
						  be propelled, moved, or drawn, excepting a device moved by human power or used
						  exclusively upon stationary rails or tracks.
Ventilated. Provided with a means to permit circulation
						  of air sufficient to remove an excess of heat, fumes, or vapors.
Volatile Flammable Liquid. A flammable liquid having a
						  flash point below 38°C (100°F) or a flammable liquid whose temperature
						  is above its flash point, or a Class II combustible liquid having a vapor
						  pressure not exceeding 276 kPa (40 psia) at 38°C (100°F) and whose
						  temperature is above its flash point.
Voltage (Of A Circuit). The greatest root-mean-square
						  (rms) (effective) difference of potential between any two conductors of the
						  circuit concerned.
Some systems, such as 3-phase 4-wire, single-phase
						  3-wire, and 3-wire direct-current may have various circuits of various
						  voltages.
Voltage, Nominal. A nominal value assigned to a circuit
						  or system for the purpose of conveniently designating its voltage class (as
						  120/240 volts, 480Y/277 volts, 600 volts, etc.).
The actual voltage at which a circuit operates can vary
						  from the nominal within a range that permits satisfactory operation of
						  equipment. (See "Voltage Ratings for Electric Power Systems and Equipment (60
						  Hz)," ANSI C84.1-1977 and supplement C84.1a-1980.)
Voltage to Ground. For grounded circuits, the voltage
						  between the given conductor and that point or conductor of the circuit that is
						  grounded; for ungrounded circuits, the greatest voltage between the given
						  conductor and any other conductor of the circuit.
Watertight. So constructed that moisture will not enter
						  the enclosure.
Weatherproof. So constructed or protected that exposure
						  to the weather will not interfere with successful operation.
Rainproof, raintight, or watertight equipment can
						  fulfill the requirements for weatherproof, where varying weather conditions
						  other than wetness, such as snow, ice, dust, or temperature extremes, are not a
						  factor.
Wireways. Sheet-metal troughs with hinged or removable
						  covers for housing and protecting electric wires and cable and in which
						  conductors are laid in place after the wireway has been installed as a complete
						  system.