Alabama Administrative Code › Title 335 - ALABAMA DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT › WATER DIVISION - WATER SUPPLY PROGRAM › Chapter 335-7-6 - SURFACE WATER SOURCES AND TREATMENT › Section 335-7-6-.01 - Definitions

Current through Register Vol. 42, No. 9, June 28, 2024
The following words and phrases, unless a different meaning
				  is plainly required by the context, shall have the following meaning:
(a) Bag filters--pressure-driven separation
				devices that remove particulate matter larger than 1 micrometer using an
				engineered porous filtration media. They are typically constructed of a
				non-rigid, fabric media housed in a pressure vessel in which the direction of
				flow is from the inside of the bag to outside.
(b) Bank filtration-- a water treatment
				process that uses a well to recover surface water that has naturally
				infiltrated into ground water through a riverbed or bank(s). Infiltration is
				typically enhanced by the hydraulic gradient imposed by a nearby pumping water
				supply or other well(s).
(c)
				Cartridge filters--pressure-driven separation devices that remove particulate
				matter larger than 1 micrometer using an engineered porous filtration media.
				They are typically constructed as a rigid or semi-rigid, self-supporting filter
				elements housed in pressure vessels in which flow is from the outside of the
				cartridge to the inside.
(d)
				Clarification-- a process with the primary purpose of reducing the
				concentration of suspended matter in a liquid.
(e) Comprehensive performance evaluation
				(CPE)-- a thorough review and analysis of a treatment plant's performance-based
				capabilities and associated administrative, operation and maintenance
				practices. It is conducted to identify factors that may be adversely impacting
				a plant's capability to achieve compliance and emphasizes approaches that can
				be implemented without significant capital improvements. The comprehensive
				performance evaluation must consist of at least the following components:
				Assessment of plant performance; evaluation of major unit processes;
				identification and prioritization of performance limiting factors; assessment
				of the applicability of comprehensive technical assistance; and preparation of
				a CPE report.
(f) Conventional
				treatment--treatment of surface water or ground water under the influence that
				includes the addition of a coagulant to the raw water and undergoes
				coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, filtration and disinfection.
				Filtration is by gravity and the media is either slow sand or
				dual/multi-media.
(g) Day Tank-- a
				tank sized to hold one day's average chemical usage.
(h) Disinfection profile--a summary of daily
Giardia lamblia
inactivation through the treatment plant and
				to the first customer.
(i)
				Disinfection segment--each individually confined volume of water before the
				first customer between the first point of disinfectant addition and the next
				point of disinfectant addition or the first customer.
(j) Enhanced coagulation--the addition of
				sufficient coagulant for improved removal of disinfection byproduct precursors
				by conventional filtration treatment.
(k) Filter profile-- a graphical
				representation of individual filter performance, based on continuous turbidity
				measurements or total particle counts versus time for an entire filter run,
				from startup to backwash inclusively, that includes an assessment of filter
				performance while another filter is being backwashed.
(l) Flowing stream-- a course of running
				water flowing in a definite channel.
(m) Intake--the structure where raw water is
				removed from source water for the purpose of transferring it to a water
				treatment plant.
(n)
				Lake/reservoir--refers to natural or man made basin or hollow of the Earth's
				surface in which water collects or is stored that may or may not have a current
				or single direction of flow.
(o)
				Membrane filtration-- a pressure or vacuum driven separation process in which
				particulate matter larger than 1 micrometers is rejected by an engineered
				barrier, primarily through size-exclusion mechanism, and which has a measurable
				removal efficiency of a target organism that can be verified through a direct
				integrity test. This definition includes the common membrane technologies of
				microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, and reverse
				osmosis.
(p) Mixing Basin-- a tank,
				basin or pipe wherein agitation is applied to increase the dispersion rate of
				chemicals.
(q) Multi-stage
				flocculation--two or more defined stages or compartments that impart different
				G values to the coagulated water.
(r) Plant intake--the works or structures at
				the head of a conduit through which water is diverted from a source (e.g.,
				river or lake) into a treatment plant.
(s) Presedimentation-- a preliminary
				treatment process used to remove gravel, sand and other particulate material
				from the source water though settling before the water enters the primary
				clarification and filtration processes in a treatment plant.
(t) Raw water--water within a watershed used
				to supply an intake structure.
(u)
				Two-stage lime softening-- a process in which chemical addition and hardness
				precipitation occur in each of two distinct unit clarification processes in
				series prior to filtration.
(v)
				SUVA--Specific Ultraviolet Absorption at 254 nanometers (nm), an indicator of
				the humic content of a water. It is a calculated parameter obtained by dividing
				a sample's ultraviolet absorption at a wavelength of 254 nm (UV254) (in
				m-1) by its concentration of dissolved organic
				carbon (DOC) (in mg/L).
Authors:
Joe Alan Power, Edgar K. Hughes,
					 Dennis D. Harrison
Statutory Authority:
Code of Ala.
					 1975
, §§ 22-23-1 through
					 22-24-12.