reglab/statecodes huggingface dataset:
Hawaii Administrative Rules › Title 11 - DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH › Subtitle 1 - GENERAL DEPARTMENTAL PROVISIONS › Chapter 45 - RADIATION CONTROL › Subchapter 4 - STANDARDS FOR PROTECTION AGAINST RADIATION › Section 11-45-96 - Reports of leaking or contaminated sealed sources

Current through June, 2024
If the test for leakage or contamination indicates a
					 sealed source is leaking or contaminated, a report of the test shall be filed
					 within five days with the department describing the equipment involved, the
					 test results and the corrective action taken.
Hawaii Administrative Rules › Title 11 - DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH › Subtitle 1 - GENERAL DEPARTMENTAL PROVISIONS › Chapter 45 - RADIATION CONTROL › Subchapter 4 - STANDARDS FOR PROTECTION AGAINST RADIATION › Section 11-45-97 - Vacating premises

Current through June, 2024
Each licensee shall, no less than thirty days before
					 vacating or relinquishing possession or control of premises which may have been
					 contaminated with radioactive material as a result of his activities, notify
					 the department in writing of intent to vacate. When deemed necessary by the
					 department, the licensee shall decontaminate the premises in such a manner as
					 the department may specify.
Hawaii Administrative Rules › Title 11 - DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH › Subtitle 1 - GENERAL DEPARTMENTAL PROVISIONS › Chapter 45 - RADIATION CONTROL › Subchapter 4 - STANDARDS FOR PROTECTION AGAINST RADIATION › Appendix D of Subchapter 4 - Radiation Symbol (8/19/98)

Current through June, 2024
Cross-hatched area is magenta, or purple, or black. The
					 background is yellow.
Click Here To View Appendix
					 D
Hawaii Administrative Rules › Title 11 - DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH › Subtitle 1 - GENERAL DEPARTMENTAL PROVISIONS › Chapter 45 - RADIATION CONTROL › Subchapter 5 - INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHIC OPERATIONS › Section 11-45-98 - Purpose and scope

Current through June, 2024
This subchapter establishes requirements for the use of
					 sources of radiation for industrial radiography. The requirements of this
					 subchapter are in addition to, and not in substitution for, other applicable
					 requirements in this chapter.
Hawaii Administrative Rules › Title 11 - DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH › Subtitle 1 - GENERAL DEPARTMENTAL PROVISIONS › Chapter 45 - RADIATION CONTROL › Subchapter 5 - INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHIC OPERATIONS › Section 11-45-99 - Exemptions

Current through June, 2024
(a) Sources of radiation licensed by the U.S.
				  Nuclear Regulatory Commission are exempt from the requirements of this
				  subchapter to the extent the sources are regulated by the U.S. Nuclear
				  Regulatory Commission.
(b)
				  Industrial uses of portable light-intensified imaging devices are exempt from
				  the requirements in this part.
Hawaii Administrative Rules › Title 11 - DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH › Subtitle 1 - GENERAL DEPARTMENTAL PROVISIONS › Chapter 45 - RADIATION CONTROL › Subchapter 5 - INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHIC OPERATIONS › Section 11-45-101 - Radiation survey instruments

Current through June, 2024
(a) The licensee
				  shall maintain sufficient calibrated and operable radiation survey instruments
				  to make physical radiation surveys as required by this subchapter and
				  subchapter 4. Instrumentation required by this section shall have a range such
				  that two milliroentgens (5.16 x 10-7 coulombs per
				  kilogram) per hour through one roentgen (2.58 x 10-4
				  coulombs per kilogram) per hour can be measured.
(b) Each radiation survey instrument shall be
				  calibrated:
(1) At energies appropriate for
				  use and at intervals not to exceed three months and after each instrument
				  servicing;
(2) Such that accuracy
				  within plus or minus twenty percent can be demonstrated; and
(3) At two points located approximately
				  one-third and two-thirds of full-scale on each scale for linear scale
				  instruments; at midrange of each decade, and at two points of at least one
				  decade for logarithmic scale instruments; and at appropriate points for digital
				  instruments.
Hawaii Administrative Rules › Title 11 - DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH › Subtitle 1 - GENERAL DEPARTMENTAL PROVISIONS › Chapter 45 - RADIATION CONTROL › Subchapter 5 - INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHIC OPERATIONS › Section 11-45-102 - Utilization logs

Current through June, 2024
Each licensee shall maintain current logs which shall be
					 kept available for inspection by the department for three years, showing for
					 each x-ray system the following information:
(1) A unique identification, such as a serial
				  number, of each x-ray system;
(2)
				  The identity of the radiographer to whom assigned;
(3) Locations where used and dates of use;
				  and
(4) The date(s) each x-ray
				  system is removed from storage and returned to storage.
Hawaii Administrative Rules › Title 11 - DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH › Subtitle 1 - GENERAL DEPARTMENTAL PROVISIONS › Chapter 45 - RADIATION CONTROL › Subchapter 5 - INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHIC OPERATIONS › Section 11-45-103 - Inspection and maintenance

Current through June, 2024
(a) Each licensee
				  shall ensure that checks are made for obvious defects in x-ray systems before
				  use each day.
(b) Each licensee
				  shall conduct a program of at least quarterly inspection and maintenance of
				  x-ray systems to assure proper functioning of components important to safety.
				  All appropriate parts shall be maintained in accordance with manufacturer's
				  specifications. Records of inspection and maintenance shall be maintained for
				  inspection by the department for three years.
(c) If any inspection reveals damage to
				  components critical to radiation safety, the x-ray system shall be removed from
				  service and labeled as defective until repairs have been made.
(d) Inspections of x-ray systems utilized for
				  nondestructive testing shall be conducted by, or under the supervision of, a
				  qualified medical physicist.
Hawaii Administrative Rules › Title 11 - DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH › Subtitle 1 - GENERAL DEPARTMENTAL PROVISIONS › Chapter 45 - RADIATION CONTROL › Subchapter 5 - INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHIC OPERATIONS › Section 11-45-104 - Permanent radiographic installations

Current through June, 2024
Permanent radiographic installations having high radiation
					 area entrance controls of the type described in subchapter 4 shall also meet
					 the following requirements:
(1) Each
				  entrance that is used for personnel access to the high radiation area shall
				  have both visible and audible warning signals to warn of the presence of
				  radiation. The visible signal shall be activated by radiation. The audible
				  signal shall be activated when an attempt is made to enter the installation
				  during exposure.
(2) The control
				  device or alarm system shall be tested for proper operation at the beginning of
				  each day of equipment use. If a control device or alarm system is operating
				  improperly, it shall be immediately labeled as defective and repaired before
				  industrial radiographic operations are resumed. Records of these tests shall be
				  maintained for inspection by the department for three years.
Hawaii Administrative Rules › Title 11 - DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH › Subtitle 1 - GENERAL DEPARTMENTAL PROVISIONS › Chapter 45 - RADIATION CONTROL › Subchapter 5 - INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHIC OPERATIONS › Section 11-45-106 - Training and testing of radiographic personnel

Current through June, 2024
(a) No
				  licensee shall permit any individual to act as a radiographer trainee unless
				  such individual has received copies of, instructions in, and has demonstrated
				  an understanding of:
(1) The subjects
				  outlined in Appendix A of this subchapter;
(2) This subchapter and subchapter
				  4;
(3) The appropriate license;
				  and
(4) The licensee's operating
				  and emergency procedures.
Hawaii Administrative Rules › Title 11 - DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH › Subtitle 1 - GENERAL DEPARTMENTAL PROVISIONS › Chapter 45 - RADIATION CONTROL › Subchapter 5 - INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHIC OPERATIONS › Section 11-45-107 - Operating and emergency procedures

Current through June, 2024
The licensee's operating and emergency procedures shall
					 include instructions in at least the following:
(1) Handling and use of sources of radiation
				  to be employed such that no individual is likely to be exposed to radiation
				  doses in excess of the limits established in subchapter 4;
(2) Methods and occasions for conducting
				  radiation surveys;
(3) Methods for
				  controlling access to radiographic areas;
(4) Methods and occasions for locking and
				  securing x-ray systems;
(5)
				  Personnel monitoring and the use of personnel monitoring equipment, including
				  steps that shall be taken immediately by radiography personnel in the event a
				  pocket dosimeter is found to be off-scale;
(6) Notification procedures in the event of
				  an accident;
(7) Maintenance of
				  records; and
(8) The inspection and
				  maintenance of x-ray systems.
Hawaii Administrative Rules › Title 11 - DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH › Subtitle 1 - GENERAL DEPARTMENTAL PROVISIONS › Chapter 45 - RADIATION CONTROL › Subchapter 5 - INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHIC OPERATIONS › Section 11-45-108 - Personnel monitoring control

Current through June, 2024
(a) The licensee
				  shall not permit any individual to act as a radiographer or as a radiographer
				  trainee unless, at all times during radiographic operations, the individual
				  wears a direct reading pocket dosimeter, an alarm ratemeter, and either a film
				  badge or a thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD). Pocket dosimeters shall have a
				  range from zero to two hundred milliroentgens (5.16 x
				  10-5 coulombs per kilogram) and shall be recharged
				  daily or at the start of each shift. Each film badge or TLD shall be assigned
				  to and worn by only one individual.
(b) Pocket dosimeters shall be read and
				  exposures recorded at least once daily.
(c) Pocket dosimeters shall be checked for
				  correct response to radiation at periods not to exceed one year. Acceptable
				  dosimeters shall read within plus or minus thirty percent of the true radiation
				  exposure. Records of this check shall be maintained for inspection by the
				  department for three years.
(d)
				  Each alarm ratemeter shall:
(1) Be checked to
				  ensure that the alarm functions properly (sounds) before use at the start of
				  each shift;
(2) Be set to give an
				  alarm signal at a preset dose rate of five hundred milliroentgens per
				  hour;
(3) Require special means to
				  change the preset alarm function; and
(4) Be calibrated at periods not to exceed
				  one year for correct response to radiation. Acceptable ratemeters shall alarm
				  within plus or minus twenty percent of the true radiation dose rate. Records of
				  these calibrations shall be maintained for inspection by the department for
				  three years.
Hawaii Administrative Rules › Title 11 - DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH › Subtitle 1 - GENERAL DEPARTMENTAL PROVISIONS › Chapter 45 - RADIATION CONTROL › Subchapter 5 - INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHIC OPERATIONS › Section 11-45-109 - Security

Current through June, 2024
During each radiographic operation, the radiographer,
					 radiographer instructor or radiographer trainee shall maintain a direct
					 surveillance of the operation to protect against unauthorized entry into a high
					 radiation area, as defined in subchapter 1, except:
(1) Where the high radiation area is equipped
				  with a control device or alarm system as described in subchapter 4,
				  or
(2) Where the high radiation
				  area is locked to protect against unauthorized or accidental entry.
Hawaii Administrative Rules › Title 11 - DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH › Subtitle 1 - GENERAL DEPARTMENTAL PROVISIONS › Chapter 45 - RADIATION CONTROL › Subchapter 5 - INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHIC OPERATIONS › Section 11-45-110 - Posting

Current through June, 2024
Areas in which radiography is being performed shall be
					 conspicuously posted as required by subchapter 4.
Hawaii Administrative Rules › Title 11 - DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH › Subtitle 1 - GENERAL DEPARTMENTAL PROVISIONS › Chapter 45 - RADIATION CONTROL › Subchapter 5 - INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHIC OPERATIONS › Section 11-45-111 - Radiation surveys and survey records

Current through June, 2024
(a) No radiographic
				  operation shall be conducted unless calibrated and operable radiation survey
				  instrumentation is available and used at each site where radiographic exposures
				  are made.
(b) A physical radiation
				  survey shall be made after each radiographic exposure to determine that the
				  machine is "off".
(c) A survey with
				  a radiation survey instrument shall be made after each radiographic exposure to
				  determine that x-ray system is not operational. The area at and surrounding the
				  collimator of the x-ray system shall be surveyed.
(d) Records shall be kept for the required
				  surveys. Such records shall be maintained for inspection by the department for
				  three years.
Hawaii Administrative Rules › Title 11 - DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH › Subtitle 1 - GENERAL DEPARTMENTAL PROVISIONS › Chapter 45 - RADIATION CONTROL › Subchapter 5 - INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHIC OPERATIONS › Section 11-45-112 - Documents and records required at temporary jobsites

Current through June, 2024
Each licensee conducting industrial radiography at a
					 temporary jobsite shall have the following records available at that site for
					 inspection by the department for three years:
(1) Copy of license;
(2) Operating and emergency
				  procedures;
(3) Chapter
				  11-45;
(4) Survey records pursuant
				  to subchapter 5 and area survey records pursuant to subchapter 4 for the period
				  of operation at the site;
(5) Daily
				  pocket dosimeter records for the period of operation at the site; and
(6) The latest instrument calibration records
				  for survey instruments in use at the site. Acceptable records include tags or
				  labels which are affixed to the device or survey meter.
Hawaii Administrative Rules › Title 11 - DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH › Subtitle 1 - GENERAL DEPARTMENTAL PROVISIONS › Chapter 45 - RADIATION CONTROL › Subchapter 5 - INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHIC OPERATIONS › Section 11-45-113 - Specific requirements for radiographic personnel performing industrial radiography

Current through June, 2024
(a) At a jobsite,
				  the following shall be supplied by the licensee:
(1) At least one operable, calibrated survey
				  instrument;
(2) A current whole
				  body personnel monitor (TLD or film badge) for each individual;
(3) An operable, calibrated pocket dosimeter
				  with a range of zero to two hundred milliroentgens (5.16 x 10-5
					 coulombs per kilogram) for each worker; and
(4) The appropriate barrier ropes and
				  signs.
Hawaii Administrative Rules › Title 11 - DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH › Subtitle 1 - GENERAL DEPARTMENTAL PROVISIONS › Chapter 45 - RADIATION CONTROL › Subchapter 5 - INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHIC OPERATIONS › Section 11-45-114 - Special requirements and exemptions for cabinet radiography

Current through June, 2024
(a) Systems for cabinet radiography designed
				  to allow admittance of individuals shall:
(1)
				  Comply with all applicable requirements of this subchapter and subchapter 4. If
				  such a system is a certified cabinet x-ray system, it shall comply with all
				  applicable requirements of this subchapter and
				  21 C.F.R.
				  §1020.40.
(2) Be evaluated at intervals not to exceed
				  one year to assure compliance with the applicable requirements of this
				  subchapter. Records of these evaluations shall be maintained for inspection by
				  the department for three years.
Hawaii Administrative Rules › Title 11 - DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH › Subtitle 1 - GENERAL DEPARTMENTAL PROVISIONS › Chapter 45 - RADIATION CONTROL › Subchapter 5 - INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHIC OPERATIONS › Appendix A of Subchapter 5 - Subjects For Instruction of Radiographer Trainees (2/2/93)

Current through June, 2024
Training to qualify individuals as radiographer trainees
					 shall be presented on a formal basis and shall include the following
					 subjects:
I. Fundamentals of Radiation
				  Safety
A. Characteristics of
				  radiation
B. Units of radiation
				  dose and quantity of radioactivity
C. Significance of radiation dose
1. Radiation protection standards
2. Biological effects of radiation
3. Case histories of radiography accidents
D. Levels of radiation
				  from sources of radiation
E.
				  Methods of controlling radiation dose
1.
				  Working time
2. Working
				  distances
3.
				  Shielding
Hawaii Administrative Rules › Title 11 - DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH › Subtitle 1 - GENERAL DEPARTMENTAL PROVISIONS › Chapter 45 - RADIATION CONTROL › Subchapter 6 - X-RAYS IN THE HEALING ARTS › Section 11-45-115 - Purpose and scope

Current through June, 2024
This subchapter establishes requirements for use of x-ray
					 equipment in the healing arts. The requirements of this subchapter are in
					 addition to, and not in substitution for, other applicable requirements of this
					 chapter.
Hawaii Administrative Rules › Title 11 - DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH › Subtitle 1 - GENERAL DEPARTMENTAL PROVISIONS › Chapter 45 - RADIATION CONTROL › Subchapter 6 - X-RAYS IN THE HEALING ARTS › Section 11-45-118 - Fluoroscopic x-ray systems

Current through June, 2024
(a) All
				  fluoroscopic x-ray systems shall be image intensified or used in conjunction
				  with a digital imaging system.
(b)
				  The useful beam shall be limited as follows:
(1) Primary barrier:
(A) The fluoroscopic imaging assembly shall
				  be provided with a primary protective barrier which intercepts the entire cross
				  section of the useful beam at any source-image receptor distance; and
(B) The x-ray tube used for fluoroscopy shall
				  not produce x-rays unless the barrier is in position to intercept the entire
				  useful beam.
Hawaii Administrative Rules › Title 11 - DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH › Subtitle 1 - GENERAL DEPARTMENTAL PROVISIONS › Chapter 45 - RADIATION CONTROL › Subchapter 6 - X-RAYS IN THE HEALING ARTS › Section 11-45-119 - Radiographic systems other than fluoroscopic, dental intraoral, or computed tomography systems

Current through June, 2024
(a) The useful beam
				  shall be limited to the area of clinical interest. This shall be deemed to have
				  been met if a positive beam limiting device has been properly used or if
				  evidence of collimation is shown on at least three sides or three corners of
				  the film, (e.g., projections from the shutters of the collimator, cone cutting
				  at the corners, or borders at the film's edge).
(1) General purpose stationary, mobile, and
				  portable x-ray systems, including veterinary systems installed after the
				  effective date of this chapter:
(A) Means
				  shall be provided for independent stepless adjustment of the size of the x-ray
				  field. Each dimension of the minimum field size at an source-image receptor
				  distance of one hundred centimeters shall be equal to or less than five
				  centimeters.
(B) A method shall be
				  provided for visually defining the perimeter of the x-ray field. The total
				  misalignment of the edges of the visually defined field with the respective
				  edges of the x-ray field along either the length or width of the visually
				  defined field shall not exceed two percent of the distance from the source to
				  the center of the visually defined field when the surface upon which it appears
				  is perpendicular to the axis of the x-ray beam.
Hawaii Administrative Rules › Title 11 - DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH › Subtitle 1 - GENERAL DEPARTMENTAL PROVISIONS › Chapter 45 - RADIATION CONTROL › Subchapter 6 - X-RAYS IN THE HEALING ARTS › Section 11-45-120 - Intraoral dental radiographic systems

Current through June, 2024
(a) X-ray systems
				  designed for use with an intraoral image receptor shall be provided with means
				  to limit source-to-skin distance to not less than eighteen
				  centimeters.
(b) Radiographic
				  systems designed for use with an intraoral image receptor shall be provided
				  with means to limit the x-ray field such that the x-ray field at the minimum
				  source-to-skin distance shall be containable in a circle having a diameter of
				  no more than seven centimeters.
(c)
				  Radiation exposure control for certified and non-certified systems:
(1) Exposure initiation:
(A) Means shall be provided to initiate the
				  radiation exposure by a deliberate action on the part of the operator, such as
				  the depression of a switch. Radiation exposure shall not be initiated without
				  such an action; and
(B) It shall
				  not be possible to make an exposure when the timer is set to a "zero" or "off"
				  position if either position is provided.
Hawaii Administrative Rules › Title 11 - DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH › Subtitle 1 - GENERAL DEPARTMENTAL PROVISIONS › Chapter 45 - RADIATION CONTROL › Subchapter 6 - X-RAYS IN THE HEALING ARTS › Section 11-45-122 - Bone densitometry systems

Current through June, 2024
(a) Only systems
				  certified by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services shall be utilized
				  for healing arts purposes.
(b)
				  System performance shall be maintained in accordance with all performance
				  standards specified by the U.S. Department of Health and Human
				  Services.
(c) Operators of bone
				  densitometry systems shall be licensed under chapter
				  11-44.
Hawaii Administrative Rules › Title 11 - DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH › Subtitle 1 - GENERAL DEPARTMENTAL PROVISIONS › Chapter 45 - RADIATION CONTROL › Subchapter 6 - X-RAYS IN THE HEALING ARTS › Section 11-45-125 - Mammography x-ray systems and facilities

Current through June, 2024
(a) Only x-ray
				  systems, pursuant to the Mammography Quality Standards Act of 1992 ,
				  Public Law
				  102-539,
				  42 U.S.C.
				  263 b, and 21 C.F.R. Part 900, shall be used
				  for screening and diagnostic mammography.
(b) A facility performing mammography shall
				  have a valid certificate issued by the U.S. Department of Health and Human
				  Services, pursuant to the Mammography Quality Standards Act of 1992 ,
				  Public Law
				  102-539,
				  42 U.S.C.
				  263 b, and 21 C.F.R. Part 900.
(c) A facility performing mammography shall
				  ensure that the additional mammography activities of processing the x-ray film,
				  interpreting the image, and maintaining viewing conditions, wherever performed,
				  meet all quality standards pursuant to the Mammography Quality Standards Act of
				  1992 , Public Law
				  102-539,
				  42 U.S.C.
				  263 b, and 21 C.F.R. Part 900.
(d) A facility without a valid certificate
				  issued by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, pursuant to the
				  Mammography Quality Standards Act of 1992 ,
				  Public Law
				  102-539,
				  42 U.S.C.
				  263 b, and 21 C.F.R. Part 900 shall
				  electronically disconnect diagnostic mammography x-ray systems from the power
				  source.
(e) Each mammography
				  facility shall maintain accurate records of mammography services performed at
				  the facility with at least the following information:
(1) Patient's name;
(2) Referring physician's name;
(3) Mammography examination date;
(4) Type of mammography examination;
				  and
(5) Name of radiologic
				  technologist who performed the mammography examination.
Hawaii Administrative Rules › Title 11 - DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH › Subtitle 1 - GENERAL DEPARTMENTAL PROVISIONS › Chapter 45 - RADIATION CONTROL › Subchapter 6 - X-RAYS IN THE HEALING ARTS › Appendix A of Subchapter 6 - Time-Temperature Chart (2/2/93)

Current through June, 2024
Thermometer Reading (degrees)
Minimum Developing Time (minutes)
C
F
26.7
80
2
26.1
79
2
25.6
78
2 1/2
25.0
77
2 1/2
24.4
76
3
23.9
75
3
23.3
74
3 1/2
22.8
73
3 1/2
22.2
72
4
21.7
71
4
21.1
70
4 1/2
20.6
69
4 1/2
20.0
68
5
19.4
67
5 1/2
18.9
66
5 1/2
18.3
65
6
17.8
64
6 1/2
17.2
63
7
16.7
62
8
16.1
61
8 1/2
15.6
60
9 1/2
Hawaii Administrative Rules › Title 11 - DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH › Subtitle 1 - GENERAL DEPARTMENTAL PROVISIONS › Chapter 45 - RADIATION CONTROL › Subchapter 6 - X-RAYS IN THE HEALING ARTS › Appendix B of Subchapter 6 - Temperature-Immersion Chart (2/2/93)

Current through June, 2024
Developer Temperature
Minimum Immersion Time*
.
C
.
F
Seconds
35.5
96
19
35
95
20
34.5
94
21
34
93
22
33.5
92
23
33
91
24
32
90
25
31.5
89
26
31
88
27
30.5
87
28
30
86
29
29.5
85
30
*Immersion time only, no crossover time
					 included.
Hawaii Administrative Rules › Title 11 - DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH › Subtitle 1 - GENERAL DEPARTMENTAL PROVISIONS › Chapter 45 - RADIATION CONTROL › Subchapter 6 - X-RAYS IN THE HEALING ARTS › Appendix C of Subchapter 6 - Half-Value Layer (7/25/96)

Current through June, 2024
X-Ray Tube Voltage (kilovolt
								peak)
Minimum Half-Value Layer
								(millimeters of aluminum)
Design
Measured
Dental Intraoral
All Other
Operating
Potential
Manufactured Before
Diagnostic
Range
(kvp)
8/1/74 & On or After
X-Ray
12/1/80
Systems
Below 51
30
N/A
0.3
40
N/A
0.4
50
1.5
0.5
51 to 70
51
1.5
1.2
60
1.5
1.3
70
1.5
1.5
Above 70
71
2.1
2.1
80
2.3
2.3
90
2.5
2.5
100
2.7
2.7
110
3.0
3.0
120
3.2
3.2
130
3.5
3.5
140
3.8
3.8
150
4.1
4.1
Hawaii Administrative Rules › Title 11 - DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH › Subtitle 1 - GENERAL DEPARTMENTAL PROVISIONS › Chapter 45 - RADIATION CONTROL › Subchapter 7 - USE OF RADIONUCLIDES IN THE HEALING ARTS › Section 11-45-126 - Purpose and scope

Current through June, 2024
This subchapter establishes requirements for the receipt,
					 possession, production, preparation, compounding, use, and transfer of
					 radionuclides in the healing arts. The requirements of this subchapter are in
					 addition to, and not in substitution for, other requirements in this
					 chapter.
Hawaii Administrative Rules › Title 11 - DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH › Subtitle 1 - GENERAL DEPARTMENTAL PROVISIONS › Chapter 45 - RADIATION CONTROL › Subchapter 7 - USE OF RADIONUCLIDES IN THE HEALING ARTS › Section 11-45-127 - Exemptions

Current through June, 2024
Radionuclides licensed by the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory
					 Commission are exempt from the requirements of this subchapter to the extent
					 they are regulated by the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission.
Hawaii Administrative Rules › Title 11 - DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH › Subtitle 1 - GENERAL DEPARTMENTAL PROVISIONS › Chapter 45 - RADIATION CONTROL › Subchapter 7 - USE OF RADIONUCLIDES IN THE HEALING ARTS › Section 11-45-128 - Notifications

Current through June, 2024
A licensee shall notify the department in writing within
					 thirty days when an authorized user, radiation safety officer, or qualified
					 medical physicist, permanently discontinues performance of duties.
Hawaii Administrative Rules › Title 11 - DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH › Subtitle 1 - GENERAL DEPARTMENTAL PROVISIONS › Chapter 45 - RADIATION CONTROL › Subchapter 7 - USE OF RADIONUCLIDES IN THE HEALING ARTS › Section 11-45-129 - ALARA program

Current through June, 2024
(a) Each licensee
				  shall develop and implement a written program to maintain radiation doses and
				  releases of radioactive material in effluents to unrestricted areas as low as
				  reasonably achievable.
(b) To
				  satisfy the requirement of subsection (a):
(1) The management, radiation safety officer,
				  and all authorized users shall participate in the establishment,
				  implementation, and operation of the program as required by this subchapter or
				  the radiation safety committee; or
(2) For licensees that are not medical
				  institutions, management and all authorized users shall participate in the
				  program as required by the radiation safety officer.
Hawaii Administrative Rules › Title 11 - DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH › Subtitle 1 - GENERAL DEPARTMENTAL PROVISIONS › Chapter 45 - RADIATION CONTROL › Subchapter 7 - USE OF RADIONUCLIDES IN THE HEALING ARTS › Section 11-45-130 - Radiation safety officer

Current through June, 2024
(a) A licensee
				  shall appoint a radiation safety officer responsible for implementing the
				  radiation safety program. The licensee, through the radiation safety officer,
				  shall ensure that radiation safety activities are being performed in accordance
				  with approved procedures and regulatory requirements in the daily operation of
				  the licensee's radioactive material program.
(b) The radiation safety officer shall:
(1) Investigate overexposures, accidents,
				  spills, losses, thefts, unauthorized receipts, uses, transfers, and disposals,
				  and other deviations from approved radiation safety practice and implement
				  corrective actions as necessary;
(2) Implement written policy and procedures
				  for:
(A) Authorizing the purchase of
				  radioactive material;
(B) Receiving
				  and opening packages of radioactive material;
(C) Storing radioactive material;
(D) Keeping an inventory record of
				  radioactive material;
(E) Using
				  radioactive material safely;
(F)
				  Taking emergency action if control of radioactive material is lost;
(G) Performing periodic radiation
				  surveys;
(H) Performing checks and
				  calibrations of survey instruments and other safety equipment;
(I) Disposing of radioactive
				  material;
(J) Training personnel
				  who work in or frequent areas where radioactive material is used or stored;
				  and
(K) Keeping a copy of all
				  records and reports required by this chapter; and
(3) For medical use not sited at a medical
				  institution, approve or disapprove radiation safety program changes with the
				  advice and consent of management before submittal to the department for action;
				  or
(4) For medical use sited at a
				  medical institution, assist the radiation safety committee in the performance
				  of its duties.
Hawaii Administrative Rules › Title 11 - DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH › Subtitle 1 - GENERAL DEPARTMENTAL PROVISIONS › Chapter 45 - RADIATION CONTROL › Subchapter 7 - USE OF RADIONUCLIDES IN THE HEALING ARTS › Section 11-45-131 - Radiation safety committee

Current through June, 2024
(a) Each medical
				  institution licensee shall establish a radiation safety committee to oversee
				  the use of radioactive material.
(b) The committee shall meet the following
				  administrative requirements:
(1) Membership
				  shall consist of at least three individuals and shall include an authorized
				  user of each type of use permitted by the license, the radiation safety
				  officer, a representative of the nursing service, and a representative of
				  management who is neither an authorized user nor a radiation safety officer.
				  Other members may be included as the licensee deems appropriate.
(2) The committee shall meet at least once
				  each calendar quarter.
(3) To
				  establish a quorum and to conduct business, one-half of the committee's
				  membership shall be present, including the radiation safety officer and the
				  management's representative.
(4)
				  The minutes of each radiation safety committee meeting shall include:
(A) Date of the meeting;
(B) Members present;
(C) Members absent;
(D) Summary of deliberations and
				  discussions;
(E) Recommended
				  actions and the numerical results of all ballots; and
(F) Document any reviews required in section
				  11-45-129(c) and subsection (c).
(5) The committee shall provide each member
				  with a copy of the meeting minutes, and retain one copy.
Hawaii Administrative Rules › Title 11 - DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH › Subtitle 1 - GENERAL DEPARTMENTAL PROVISIONS › Chapter 45 - RADIATION CONTROL › Subchapter 7 - USE OF RADIONUCLIDES IN THE HEALING ARTS › Section 11-45-132 - Statement of authorities and responsibilities

Current through June, 2024
(a) A
				  licensee shall provide sufficient authority and organizational freedom to the
				  radiation safety officer and the radiation safety committee to:
(1) Identify radiation safety
				  problems;
(2) Initiate, recommend,
				  or provide solutions; and
(3)
				  Verify implementation of corrective actions.
Hawaii Administrative Rules › Title 11 - DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH › Subtitle 1 - GENERAL DEPARTMENTAL PROVISIONS › Chapter 45 - RADIATION CONTROL › Subchapter 7 - USE OF RADIONUCLIDES IN THE HEALING ARTS › Section 11-45-133 - Supervision

Current through June, 2024
(a) A licensee who allows the receipt,
				  possession, production, preparation, compounding, use, or transfer of
				  radioactive material by an individual under the supervision of an authorized
				  user shall:
(1) Instruct the supervised
				  individual in the principles of radiation safety appropriate to that
				  individual's use of radioactive material;
(2) Review the supervised individual's use of
				  radioactive material, provide reinstruction as needed and review records kept
				  to reflect this use;
(3) Require an
				  authorized user to be immediately available to communicate with the supervised
				  individual; and
(4) Require that
				  only those individuals specifically trained, and designated by the authorized
				  user, shall be permitted to administer radionuclides or radiation to
				  patients.
Hawaii Administrative Rules › Title 11 - DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH › Subtitle 1 - GENERAL DEPARTMENTAL PROVISIONS › Chapter 45 - RADIATION CONTROL › Subchapter 7 - USE OF RADIONUCLIDES IN THE HEALING ARTS › Section 11-45-134 - Visiting authorized user

Current through June, 2024
(a) A licensee may
				  permit any visiting authorized user to use radioactive materials for medical
				  use for sixty days each year if:
(1) The
				  visiting authorized user has the prior written permission of the licensee's
				  management and, if the use occurs on behalf of an institution, the
				  institution's radiation safety committee; and
(2) Only those procedures for which the
				  visiting authorized user is specifically authorized are performed by that
				  individual.
Hawaii Administrative Rules › Title 11 - DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH › Subtitle 1 - GENERAL DEPARTMENTAL PROVISIONS › Chapter 45 - RADIATION CONTROL › Subchapter 7 - USE OF RADIONUCLIDES IN THE HEALING ARTS › Section 11-45-135 - Mobile nuclear medicine service administrative requirements

Current through June, 2024
(a) The mobile nuclear medicine service shall
				  be licensed if the service receives, uses, or possesses radioactive material.
				  The client of the mobile nuclear medicine service shall be licensed if the
				  client receives or possesses radioactive material to be used by a mobile
				  nuclear medicine service.
(b)
				  Mobile nuclear medicine service licensees shall retain for the duration of
				  service a letter signed by the management of each location where services are
				  rendered that authorizes use of radioactive material. If the client is
				  licensed, the letter shall document procedures for notification, receipt,
				  storage, and documentation of transfer of radioactive material delivered to the
				  client's location for use by the mobile nuclear medicine service.
(c) A mobile nuclear medicine service shall
				  not have radioactive material delivered directly from the manufacturer or the
				  distributor to the client's address of use, unless the client has a license.
				  Radioactive material delivered to the client's address of use shall be received
				  in conformance with the client's license.
(d) A mobile nuclear medicine service shall
				  inform a responsible individual, such as a representative of management or
				  nursing staff in charge of the patient or the nursing unit, who is on site at
				  the time that radiopharmaceuticals are being administered.
Hawaii Administrative Rules › Title 11 - DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH › Subtitle 1 - GENERAL DEPARTMENTAL PROVISIONS › Chapter 45 - RADIATION CONTROL › Subchapter 7 - USE OF RADIONUCLIDES IN THE HEALING ARTS › Section 11-45-136 - Procedures for human administrations

Current through June, 2024
(a) Each licensee
				  shall establish and maintain a written program to provide assurance that
				  radioactive material or radiation therefrom is administered to humans as
				  directed by the authorized user. The program shall include procedures for:
(1) Preparing written directives for the
				  administration of radiation, however, a written directive is not required when
				  an authorized user personally assays and administers a dosage provided the
				  pertinent facts are documented as otherwise required;
(2) Verifying by more than one method the
				  identity of the individual to be administered radiation or radioactive
				  material;
(3) Updating the
				  diagnostic clinical procedures manual;
(4) Verifying that final plans of treatment
				  and related calculations for brachytherapy, teletherapy, and gamma stereotactic
				  radiosurgery are in accordance with respective written directives;
(5) Assuring that administration of radiation
				  is carried out as specified in the written directive or the diagnostic clinical
				  procedures manual;
(6) Identifying
				  and evaluating unintended deviations from the written directive or diagnostic
				  clinical procedures manual including taking appropriate action for recordable
				  events and misadministrations;
Hawaii Administrative Rules › Title 11 - DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH › Subtitle 1 - GENERAL DEPARTMENTAL PROVISIONS › Chapter 45 - RADIATION CONTROL › Subchapter 7 - USE OF RADIONUCLIDES IN THE HEALING ARTS › Section 11-45-137 - Records, notifications, and reports of misadministrations

Current through June, 2024
(a) The following actions shall be taken for
				  a misadministration by the licensee:
(1) The
				  licensee shall notify the department by telephone no later than twenty-four
				  hours after discovery of the misadministration.
(2) The licensee shall submit a written
				  report to the department within fifteen days after discovery of the
				  misadministration. The written report shall include the licensee's name; the
				  prescribing physician's name; a brief description of the event; why the event
				  occurred; the effect on the patient; what improvements are needed to prevent
				  recurrence; actions taken to prevent recurrence; whether the licensee notified
				  the patient; or the patient's responsible relative or guardian, and if not, why
				  not, and if the patient was notified, what information was provided to the
				  patient. The report shall not include the patient's name or other information
				  that could lead to identification of the patient.
(3) The licensee shall notify the referring
				  physician and also notify the patient of the misadministration not later than
				  twenty-four hours after its discovery, unless the referring physician
				  personally informs the licensee either that he or she shall inform the patient
				  or that, based on medical judgment, telling the patient would be harmful. The
				  licensee is not required to notify the patient without first consulting the
				  referring physician. If the referring physician or patient cannot be reached
				  within twenty-four hours, the licensee shall notify the patient as soon as
				  possible thereafter. The licensee may not delay any appropriate medical care
				  for the patient, including any necessary remedial care as a result of the
				  misadministration, because of any delay in notification.
(4) If the patient was notified, the licensee
				  shall also furnish, within fifteen days after discovery of the
				  misadministration, a written report to the patient by sending either:
(A) A copy of the report that was submitted
				  to the department, or
(B) A brief
				  description of both the event and the consequences, as they may affect the
				  patient, provided a statement is included that the report submitted to the
				  department can be obtained from the licensee.
Hawaii Administrative Rules › Title 11 - DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH › Subtitle 1 - GENERAL DEPARTMENTAL PROVISIONS › Chapter 45 - RADIATION CONTROL › Subchapter 7 - USE OF RADIONUCLIDES IN THE HEALING ARTS › Section 11-45-138 - Suppliers

Current through June, 2024
A licensee shall use for medical use only:
(1) Radioactive material manufactured,
				  produced, labeled, prepared, compounded, packaged, and distributed pursuant to
				  these rules or the equivalent regulations of an agreement state or the U.S.
				  Nuclear Regulatory Commission; and
(2) Reagent kits that have been manufactured,
				  labeled, packaged, and distributed in accordance with an approval issued by the
				  U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
(3) Radiopharmaceuticals compounded from a
				  prescription in accordance with chapter 16-95.
(4) Teletherapy and brachytherapy sources
				  manufactured and distributed in accordance with a license issued pursuant to
				  these rules or the equivalent regulations of an agreement state or the U.S.
				  Nuclear Regulatory Commission.
Hawaii Administrative Rules › Title 11 - DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH › Subtitle 1 - GENERAL DEPARTMENTAL PROVISIONS › Chapter 45 - RADIATION CONTROL › Subchapter 7 - USE OF RADIONUCLIDES IN THE HEALING ARTS › Section 11-45-139 - Quality control of diagnostic equipment

Current through June, 2024
Each licensee shall establish written quality control
					 procedures for all diagnostic equipment used for radionuclide studies. As a
					 minimum, quality control procedures and frequencies shall be those recommended
					 by equipment manufacturers and procedures which have been approved by the
					 department. The licensee shall conduct quality control procedures in accordance
					 with written procedures.
Hawaii Administrative Rules › Title 11 - DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH › Subtitle 1 - GENERAL DEPARTMENTAL PROVISIONS › Chapter 45 - RADIATION CONTROL › Subchapter 7 - USE OF RADIONUCLIDES IN THE HEALING ARTS › Section 11-45-140 - Possession, use, calibration, and check of dose calibrators

Current through June, 2024
(a) A medical use licensee authorized to
				  administer radiopharmaceuticals shall possess a dose calibrator and use it to
				  measure the amount of activity administered to each patient. In the case where
				  the ionization type dose calibrator cannot be used effectively to verify
				  administered activity, the licensee shall use an alternative method. Any
				  alternative method for the use of a dose calibrator shall be approved by the
				  department. Any alternative method shall provide for acceptable verification of
				  constancy, accuracy, linearity, and geometry dependence as
				  applicable.
(b) Each licensee shall
				  establish written quality control procedures for all dose calibrators used for
				  measuring the amount of activity administered to a patient. As a minimum,
				  quality control procedures and frequencies shall be those recommended by the
				  American National Standards Institute:
(1)
				  Check each dose calibrator for constancy with a dedicated check source at the
				  beginning of each day of use. To satisfy the requirement of this section, the
				  check shall be done on a frequently used setting with a sealed source of not
				  less than fifty microcuries (1.85 megabecquerels) with energies representative
				  of the radionuclides in clinical use at the facility;
(2) Test each dose calibrator for accuracy
				  upon installation and at intervals not to exceed twelve months thereafter by
				  assaying at least two sealed sources containing different radionuclides, the
				  activity of which the manufacturer has determined within five percent of the
				  stated activity, with minimum activity of fifty microcuries (1.85
				  megabecquerels) and energies representative of the radionuclides in clinical
				  use at the facility;
(3) Test each
				  dose calibrator for linearity upon installation and at intervals not to exceed
				  three months thereafter over the range of use between ten microcuries (three
				  hundred seventy kilobecquerels) and the highest dosage that shall be assayed;
				  and
(4) Test each dose calibrator
				  for geometry dependence upon installation over the range of volumes and volume
				  configurations for which it shall be used. The licensee shall keep a record of
				  this test for the duration of the use of the dose calibrator.
Hawaii Administrative Rules › Title 11 - DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH › Subtitle 1 - GENERAL DEPARTMENTAL PROVISIONS › Chapter 45 - RADIATION CONTROL › Subchapter 7 - USE OF RADIONUCLIDES IN THE HEALING ARTS › Section 11-45-141 - Calibration and check of survey instruments

Current through June, 2024
(a) A
				  licensee shall ensure that the survey instruments used to show compliance with
				  this part have been calibrated before first use, annually, and following
				  repair.
(b) To satisfy the
				  requirements of subsection (a), the licensee shall:
(1) Calibrate all required scale readings up
				  to one thousand millirems (ten millisieverts) per hour with a radiation
				  source;
(2) For each scale that
				  shall be calibrated, calibrate two readings separated by at least fifty percent
				  of scale rating; and
(3)
				  Conspicuously note on the instrument the apparent dose rate from a dedicated
				  check source as determined at the time of calibration, and the date of
				  calibration.
Hawaii Administrative Rules › Title 11 - DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH › Subtitle 1 - GENERAL DEPARTMENTAL PROVISIONS › Chapter 45 - RADIATION CONTROL › Subchapter 7 - USE OF RADIONUCLIDES IN THE HEALING ARTS › Section 11-45-142 - Assay of radiopharmaceutical dosages

Current through June, 2024
(a) An assay shall
				  be conducted, before medical use, of the activity of each radiopharmaceutical
				  dosage that contains more than ten microcuries (three hundred seventy
				  kilobecquerels) of a photon-emitting radionuclide;
(b) Radiopharmaceuticals emitting alpha
				  and/or beta radiations as the radiation of principal interest shall be
				  obtained:
(1) In unit dose form, calibrated
				  by the supplier for individual patients; and
(2) From a supplier which participates in a
				  measurement quality assurance program with the National Institute of Standards
				  and Technology, and which is designed to ensure that unit doses have a
				  calibration traceable to a national standard.
Hawaii Administrative Rules › Title 11 - DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH › Subtitle 1 - GENERAL DEPARTMENTAL PROVISIONS › Chapter 45 - RADIATION CONTROL › Subchapter 7 - USE OF RADIONUCLIDES IN THE HEALING ARTS › Section 11-45-143 - Authorization for calibration and reference sources

Current through June, 2024
A licensee for medical use of radioactive material may
					 receive, possess, and use the following radioactive material for check,
					 calibration and reference use:
(1)
				  Sealed sources manufactured and distributed by persons specifically licensed
				  pursuant to these rules or provisions of the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory
				  Commission, and that do not exceed fifteen millicuries (five hundred fifty-five
				  megabecquerels) each;
(2) Any
				  radioactive material with a half-life of one hundred days or less in individual
				  amounts not to exceed fifteen millicuries (five hundred fifty-five
				  megabecquerels); and
(3) Any
				  radioactive material with a half-life greater than one hundred days in
				  individual amounts not to exceed two hundred microcuries (7.4 megabecquerels)
				  each.
Hawaii Administrative Rules › Title 11 - DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH › Subtitle 1 - GENERAL DEPARTMENTAL PROVISIONS › Chapter 45 - RADIATION CONTROL › Subchapter 7 - USE OF RADIONUCLIDES IN THE HEALING ARTS › Section 11-45-144 - Possession of sealed sources and brachytherapy sources

Current through June, 2024
(a)
				  A licensee in possession of any sealed source or brachytherapy source shall
				  follow the radiation safety and handling instructions supplied by the
				  manufacturer or equivalent instructions approved by the department and shall
				  maintain the instructions for the duration of source use in a legible form
				  convenient to users.
(b) A licensee
				  in possession of a sealed source shall assure that:
(1) The source is tested before its first use
				  unless the licensee has a certificate from the supplier indicating that the
				  source was tested within six months before transfer to the licensee;
				  and
(2) The source is tested for
				  leakage at intervals not to exceed six months or at intervals approved by the
				  department, another agreement state, a licensing state, or the U.S. Nuclear
				  Regulatory Commission.