California Code of Regulations › Title 13 - Motor Vehicles › Division 3 - Air Resources Board › Chapter 9 - Off-Road Vehicles and Engines Pollution Control Devices › Article 4.5 - Off-Road Large Spark-Ignition Engines › Section 2431 - Definitions

Current through Register 2024 Notice Reg. No. 28, July 12, 2024
DEFINITIONS
(a)
				  The definitions in Section
				  1900(b), Chapter
				  1, Title 13 of the California Code of Regulations apply to this Article with
				  the following additions:
(1) "Alternate Fuel"
				  means any fuel that will reduce non-methane hydrocarbons (on a
				  reactivity-adjusted basis), NOx, CO, and the potential risk associated with
				  toxic air contaminants as compared to gasoline or diesel fuel and would not
				  result in increased deterioration of the engine. Alternate fuels include, but
				  are not limited to, methanol, ethanol, liquefied petroleum gas, compressed
				  natural gas, and electricity.
(2)
				  "ARB Enforcement Officer" means any officer or employee of the Air Resources
				  Board so designated in writing by the Executive Officer or by the Executive
				  Officer's designee.
(3)
				  "Assembly-Line Tests" are those tests or inspections that are performed on or
				  at the end of the assembly-line.
(4) "Basic Engine" means an engine
				  manufacturer's description of their unique combination of engine displacement,
				  number of cylinders, fuel system, emission control system, and other engine and
				  emission control system characteristics as determined or specified by the
				  Executive Officer.
(5) "Calendar
				  Year" is the twelve month period commencing on January 1 through December
				  31.
(6) "Certification Value" means
				  the product of the measured emissions of the prototype engine at zero hours and
				  the (calculated or assigned) deterioration factor.
(7) "Complete Engine Assembly" or "Engine
				  Configuration" means an assembly of a basic engine and all of the specific
				  applicable components (e.g., air intake, fuel and exhaust systems, etc.) and
				  calibrations (e.g., carburetor jet size, valve timing, electronic
				  software/firmware, etc.) required for the assembly to be installed in new
				  equipment.
(8) "Confirmatory
				  testing" means ARB directed emissions tests and inspections of the test engines
				  and/or test equipment used by the manufacturer to obtain test data for
				  submittal with the certification application. The emissions tests may be
				  conducted at ARB, contracted out facilities or at the manufacturer's facility.
				  The testing will be done at the expense of the manufacturer.
(9) "Crankcase Emissions" means airborne
				  substances emitted into the atmosphere from any portion of the engine crankcase
				  ventilation or lubrication system.
(10) "Deterioration Factor" means the
				  calculated or assigned number that represents the certification engine's
				  emissions change over the durability period. It is multiplied by zero hour
				  (new) engine test results to determine the engine family compliance level. The
				  deterioration factor is determined as per the Test Procedures. See "Emission
				  Durability Period" below.
(11)
				  "Emission Control System" includes any component, group of components, or
				  engine modification that controls or causes the reduction of substances emitted
				  from an engine.
(12) "Emissions
				  Durability Period" is the period over which, for purposes of certification, a
				  manufacturer must demonstrate compliance with the standards set forth in
				  Section 2433(b). The
				  durability periods are also noted in the table in Section
				  2433(b). The
				  emissions durability period is used to detrmine an engine family's
				  deterioration factors.
(13)
				  "Emissions Durability Values" means emissions from an engine that has
				  accumulated service equivalent to the engine's emission durability period, or
				  the result of the product of the zero hour (new) engine test results and the
				  appropriate deterioration factor (e.g., the certification values). The
				  Executive Officer must approve the methods of service accumulation before the
				  manufacturer begins service accumulation.
(14) "End of Assembly-Line" is defined as
				  that place where the final inspection test or production line test is
				  performed.
(15) "Engine Family" is
				  a subclass of a basic engine based on similar emission characteristics. The
				  engine family is the grouping of engines that is used for the purposes of
				  certification.
(16) "Engine
				  Manufacturer" means the manufacturer granted certification.
(17) "Equipment Manufacturer"means the
				  manufacturer using the engine provided by the engine manufacturer to power
				  equipment or vehicle.
(18) "Exhaust
				  Emissions" means substances emitted into the atmosphere from any opening
				  downstream from the exhaust port of an engine.
(19) "Family Emission Level or FEL" means an
				  emission level that is declared by the manufacturer to serve for the averaging,
				  banking, and trading program and in lieu of an emission standard for
				  certification. The FEL serves as the engine family's emission standard for
				  emissions compliance efforts. If the manufacturer does not declare an FEL for
				  an engine family, the applicable emissions standard must be treated as that
				  engine family's FEL for the purposes of any provision of this Article. The FEL
				  must be expressed to the same number of decimal places as the applicable
				  emission standard.
(20) "Final
				  Calendar Quarter Production" is defined as the calendar quarter in which the
				  production of an engine family ends.
(21) "First Calendar Quarter Production" is
				  defined as the calendar quarter in which the production of an engine family
				  begins.
(22) "Fuel System" means
				  the combination of any of the following components: fuel tank, fuel pump, fuel
				  lines, carburetor or fuel injection components, or all fuel system
				  vents.
(23) "Gross Engine
				  Malfunction" is defined as one yielding an emission value greater than the sum
				  of the mean plus three (3) times the standard deviation. This definition
				  applies only for determination of control limits.
(24) "Model year" means the manufacturer's
				  annual production period which includes January 1 of a calendar year or, if the
				  manufacturer has no annual production period, the calendar year.
(25) "New Engine" is defined as an engine's
				  ownership has not been transferred to the ultimate consumer.
(26) "New Engine Compliance testing" means
				  ARB directed emissions tests and inspections of a reasonable number of
				  production engines and/or equipment that are offered for sale, or manufactured
				  for sale, in California in order to verify compliance with the applicable
				  emission standards. The emissions tests must be conducted at a qualified
				  testing facility. The testing facility is chosen by the manufacturer and
				  approved by the Executive Officer. This may include ARB facilities, contracted
				  out facilities, or the manufacturer's facility. The testing will be done at the
				  expense of the manufacturer.
(27)
				  "New Equipment" means an equipment's ownership has not been transferred to the
				  ultimate consumer.
(28) "Off-Road
				  Large Spark-ignition Engines" or "LSI Engines" means any engine that produces a
				  gross horsepower 25 and greater horsepower or is designed (e.g., through
				  fueling, engine calibrations, valve timing, engine speed modifications, etc.)
				  to produce 25 and greater horsepower (greater than 19 kilowatts on or after
				  January 1, 2007). If an engine family has models at or above 25 horsepower and
				  models below 25 horsepower, only the models at or above 25 horsepower (greater
				  than 19 kilowatts on or after January 1, 2007) would be considered LSI engines.
				  The engine's operating characteristics are significantly similar to the
				  theoretical Otto combustion cycle with the engine's primary means of
				  controlling power output being to limit the amount of air that is throttled
				  into the combustion chamber of the engine. LSI engines or alternate fuel
				  powered LSI internal combustion engines are designed for powering, but not
				  limited to powering, forklift trucks, sweepers, generators, and industrial
				  equipment and other miscellaneous applications. All engines and equipment that
				  fall within the scope of the preemption of Section
				  209(e)(1)(A) of
				  the Federal Clean Air Act, as amended, and as defined by regulation of the
				  Environmental Protection Agency, are specifically excluded from this category.
Specifically excluded from this category are:
1) engines operated on or in any device used
				  exclusively upon stationary rails or tracks;
2) engines used to propel marine
				  vessels;
3) internal combustion
				  engines attached to a foundation at a location for at least 12
				  months;
4) off-road recreational
				  vehicles and snowmobiles; and
5)
				  stationary or transportable gas turbines for power
				  generation.
(29)
				  "Off-Road Vehicle" or "Off-Road Equipment" means any non-stationary device,
				  powered by an internal combustion engine or motor, used primarily off the
				  highways to propel, move, or draw persons or property including any device
				  propelled, moved, or drawn exclusively by human power, and used in, but not
				  limited to, any of the following applications: Marine Vessels,
				  Construction/Farm Equipment, Locomotives, Small Off-Road Engines, Off-Road
				  Motorcycles, and Off-Highway Recreational Vehicles.
(30) "Otto Cycle Engine" means a type of
				  engine with operating characteristics significantly similar to the theoretical
				  Otto combustion cycle. The primary means of controlling power output in an Otto
				  cycle engine is by limiting the amount of air and fuel which can enter the
				  combustion chambers of the engine. As an example, gasoline-fueled engines are
				  Otto cycle engines.
(31)
				  "Production Line Test" is defined as the emissions test performed on a sample
				  of production engines produced for sale in California and conducted according
				  to the Test Procedures.
(32)
				  "Representative Engine Sample" means that the sample is typical of the engine
				  family or engine family group as a whole (as defined in the Test Procedures).
				  Except as provided in Section
				  2437, a representative sample
				  would not include a low volume subgroup of the engine family or engine family
				  group.
(33) "Scheduled Maintenance"
				  means any adjustment, repair, removal, disassembly, cleaning, or replacement of
				  equipment or engine components or systems required by the manufacturer that is
				  performed on a periodic basis to prevent part failure or equipment or engine
				  malfunction, or anticipated as necessary to correct an overt indication of
				  equipment or engine malfunction or failure for which periodic maintenance is
				  not appropriate.
(34) "Small Volume
				  Manufacturer" means an engine manufacturer that produces a total of less than
				  2000 large spark-ignition engines annually for sale in the United
				  States.
(35) "Test Procedures"
				  means the procedures specified in both Part I and Part II of the "California
				  Exhaust Emission Standards and Test Procedures for New 2001 and Later Off-Road
				  Large Spark-ignition Engines", and as specified in Section
				  2433(c).
(36) "Test Sample" means the collection of
				  engines selected from the population of an engine family for emission
				  testing.
(37) "Ultimate Purchaser"
				  means the first person who in good faith purchases a new LSI engine or
				  equipment using such engine for purposes other than resale.
(38) "Unscheduled Maintenance" means any
				  inspection, adjustment, repair, removal, disassembly, cleaning, or replacement
				  of engine, equipment or vehicle components or systems that is performed to
				  correct or diagnose a part failure or equipment or vehicle (if the engine were
				  installed in a vehicle) malfunction that was not anticipated.
(39) "Useful life" means a period of 7 years
				  or 5000 hours of operation, whichever first occurs for engines having engine
				  displacement greater than 1.0-liter, and 2 years or 1,000 hours of operations,
				  whichever occurs first, for engines having engine displacement equal to or less
				  than 1.0-liter. However, in no case may this period be less than the
				  manufacturer's basic mechanical warranty period for the engine
				  family.
(40) "Warrantable
				  Condition" means any condition of an engine that requires the manufacturer to
				  take corrective action pursuant to Section
				  2435.
(41) "Warranted Part" means any
				  emissions-related part installed on a engine by the equipment or engine
				  manufacturer, or installed in a warranty repair, which is listed on the
				  warranty parts list.
(42) "Warranty
				  Period" means the period of time, either in years or hours of operation, that
				  the engine or part is covered by the warranty provisions.
(43) "Warranty Station" means a service
				  facility authorized by the equipment or engine manufacturer to perform warranty
				  repairs. This includes all manufacturer distribution centers that are
				  franchised to service the subject equipment or engines.