California Code of Regulations › Title 27 - Environmental Protection › Division 2 - Solid Waste › Subdivision 1 - Consolidated Regulations for Treatment, Storage, Processing or Disposal of Solid Waste › Chapter 3 - Criteria for All Waste Management Units, Facilities, and Disposal Sites › Subchapter 2 - Siting and Design › Article 4 - SWRCB-Waste Management Unit Construction Standards › Table 4.1 - Construction Standards for Units

Current through Register 2024 Notice Reg. No. 28, July 12, 2024
Table 4.1
. Construction Standards for
						  Units(1)
Subsurface
									 Barriers
Waste Mgmt Unit
								  Classification
Type of Waste Management
								  Unit
Clay
								  Liner
(2)
Synthetic
								  Liner
Leachate Collection and Rem.
								  System
Interim
								  Cover
Cutoff
								  Walls
Grout
								  Curtains
Capacity of Precip & Drain.
								  Control Facilities (Design Storm)
Seismic
								  Design
Class II
Non MSW
								  Landfill
Required(5), [LESS THAN EQUAL
								  TO]1x10-6cm/sec
Not
								  required
Required, blanket type
Required
[LESS THAN
								  EQUAL TO]1x10-6
								  cm/sec(11)
[LESS THAN EQUAL
								  TO]1x10-6 cm/sec
1000-year 24-hour
								  precipitation
Withstand maximum credible earthquake
Class II
MSW
								  Landfill(13)
Special(13)
Special(13)
Special(13)
Required
[LESS
								  THAN EQUAL TO]1x10-6
								  cm/sec(11)
[LESS THAN EQUAL
								  TO]1x10-6 cm/sec
1000-year 24-hour
								  precipitation
Withstand maximum credible earthquake
Class II
Surface
								  Impoundment
Double or single required(6),
								  [LESS THAN EQUAL TO]1x10-6 cm/sec
Not
								  required
Required with double liner, blanket type
Not
								  required
[LESS THAN EQUAL TO]1x10-6
								  cm/sec(11)
[LESS THAN EQUAL
								  TO]1x10-6 cm/sec
1000-year 24-hour
								  precipitation
Withstand maximum credible earthquake
Class II
Waste
								  Pile
Optional(4,5), [LESS THAN EQUAL
								  TO]1x10-6 cm/sec
Not required
May be
								  required, blanket type
May be required
[LESS THAN EQUAL
								  TO]1x10-6
								  cm/sec(11)
[LESS THAN EQUAL
								  TO]1x10-6 cm/sec
1000-year 24-hour
								  precipitation
Withstand maximum credible earthquake
Class III
Non MSW
								  Landfill
Optional, [LESS THAN EQUAL
								  TO]1x10-6cm/sec (see §
															20260)
Not
								  required
Required if liner is required, blanket or
								  dendritic
Required
[LESS THAN EQUAL
								  TO]1x10-6 cm/sec, if required
[LESS THAN
								  EQUAL TO]1x10-6 cm/sec, if required
100-year
								  24-hour precipitation
Withstand at least the maximum probable
								  earthquake (See §
															20370)
Class III
MSW
								  Landfill(13)
Special(13)
Special(13)
Special(13)
Required
[LESS
								  THAN EQUAL TO]1x10-6 cm/sec, if
								  required
[LESS THAN EQUAL TO]1x10-6 cm/sec,
								  if required
100-year 24-hour precipitation
Withstand at least
								  the maximum probable earthquake (See §
															20370)
1 Applicable regulations
								  in this article may provide for exemptions to certain requirements. §
															20310(d)
								  describes applicability to existing facilities.
2 All permeabilities
								  specified in this table are maximum allowable permeabilities.
3 [Reserved.]
Note: This footnote left in Ch-15 (of Division 3, Title 23, CCR), as it
								  applies only to Class I Units
.
4 A synthetic liner alone
								  may be allowed based on nature of waste to be contained and duration of the
								  operation. A waste pile with a synthetic liner alone may not be closed as a
								  landfill pursuant to §
															21410 of this subchapter. The
								  synthetic liner hydraulic conductivity shall be the same or less than that
								  which would be required for a clay liner.
5 Clay liner required
								  unless Units are underlain by a substantial thickness of natural geologic
								  materials with hydraulic conductivity of 1x10-6
								  cm/sec [i.e., 1 foot/year] or less.
6 Single liner shall be a
								  clay liner and removed or replaced as described in §
															20330. Double liner systems shall
								  have either an outer clay liner or shall be underlain by a substantial
								  thickness of natural geologic materials with an hydraulic conductivity of
								  1x10-6 cm/sec [i.e., 1 foot/year] or less to act as
								  an outer liner.
7 [Reserved.]
8 [Reserved.]
9 [Reserved.]
10 [Reserved.]
11 Cutoff walls required
								  where there is potential for lateral movement of fluid, including waste or
								  leachate, and the hydraulic conductivity of natural geologic materials is used
								  for waste containment.
12 For Units other than
								  MSW landfills, the RWQCB can grant an exemption to this design storm
								  requirement if the discharger can demonstrate that the integrity of facilities
								  will not be jeopardized if this criterion is not met.
13 All Class II or Class
								  III landfills that received MSW at any time and that received solid waste after
								  October 9, 1991 (MSW landfills) are subject to the additional state and federal
								  requirements contained (or incorporated by reference) in SWRCB Resolution No.
								  93-62.
Click
						  here to view image
Footnotes for Figure 4.1: Summary of Liner Requirements
						  for Classified Units (for MSW Landfills, see Additional Requirements in SWRCB
						  Resolution No. 93-92).
a Requirements from Chapter
						  3, Subdivision
						  1 of this division.
b Designed to convey twice
						  the anticipated volume of leachate; must ensure no buildup of hydraulic head on
						  liner; blanket type required unless otherwise specified.
c Minimum 40 mils
						  thick.
d Must be compatible with
						  waste and/or leachate.
e Cutoff walls required
						  where potential exists for lateral movement of waste or leachate.
f Acceptability of synthetic
						  liner depends on nature of waste and duration of operation.
g Liner and waste to be
						  removed at closure.
h Substantial thickness of
						  natural geologic material with maximum hydraulic conductivity of
						  1x10-6 cm/sec (i.e., 1.0 foot/year). For MSW
						  landfills, see SWRCB Resolution No. 93-62 for superseding containment system
						  requirements.
i Minimum thickness of 2
						  feet; maximum hydraulic conductivity of 1x10-6
						  cm/sec (i.e., 1.0 foot/year). For MSW landfills, see SWRCB Resolution No. 93-62
						  for superseding containment system requirements.
j Liner removed or replaced
						  before lower 25% (minimum 1 foot thickness) of the liner is penetrated by waste
						  or leachate.
k Soil characteristics,
						  distance from waste to ground water, and other factors must ensure no
						  impairment of beneficial uses of ground water. Leachate collection system
						  required for sludge disposal. For MSW landfills, see SWRCB Resolution No. 93-62
						  for superseding containment system requirements.
l
Minimum
						  thickness of 1 foot; maximum hydraulic conductivity of
						  1x10-6 cm/sec (i.e., 1.0 foot/year). For MSW
						  landfills, see SWRCB Resolution No. 93-62 for superseding containment system
						  requirements.
m Dendritic system allowed
						  if wastes in contact with the liner will remain permeable and liner is sloped
						  toward the system to prevent ponding. For MSW landfills, see SWRCB Resolution
						  No. 93-62 for superseding containment system requirements.