Hawaii Administrative Rules › Title 11 - DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH › Subtitle 1 - GENERAL DEPARTMENTAL PROVISIONS › Chapter 20 - RULES RELATING TO PUBLIC WATER SYSTEMS › Appendix G - NPDWR VIOLATIONS AND OTHER SITUATIONS REQUIRING PUBLIC NOTICE (FEBRUARY 13, 2013)

Current through June, 2024
MCL/MRDL/TT
							 Violations2
Monitoring Testing Procedure Violations
Contaminant
Tier of Public Notice Required
Citation
Tier of Public Notice Required
Citation
I. Violations of National Primary Drinking Water
							 Regulations (NPDWR)3
A. Microbiological Contaminants
1.a Total coliform bacteria [DAGGER]
2
141.63(a)
3
141.21 (a)-(e)
1.b Total coliform (Monitoring or TT violations
							 resulting from failure to perform assessments or corrective actions) [DOUBLE
							 DAGGER]
2
141.860(b)
3
141.860(c)
2.a Fecal coliform/ E. coli [DAGGER]
1
141.63(b)
41,3
141.21(e)
2.b E. coli [DOUBLE DAGGER]
1
141.860(a)
3
141.860(c)
141,860(d)(2)
2.C E. coli (TT violations resulting from failure to
							 perform level 2 Assessments or corrective action)
2
141.860(b)
........
..........
3. Turbidity MCL
2
141.13(a)
3
141.22
4. Turbidity MCL (average of 2 days= samples
							 >5NTU
52, 1
141.13(b)
3
141.22
5. Turbidity (for TT violations resulting from a
							 single exceedance of maximum allowable turbidity level)
62, 1
141.71(a)(2),
141.71(c)(2)(i),
141.73(a)(2),
141.73(b)(2),
141.73(c)(2),
141.73(d),
141.173(a)(2),
141.173(b)
141,551(b)
3
141.74(a)(1),
141.74(b)(2),
141.74(c)(1),
141.174
141.560(a)-(c)
141,561
6, Surface Water Treatment Rule violations, other
							 than violations resulting from single exceedance of max. allowable turbidity
							 level (TT)
2
141.70-141.73
3
141.74
7. Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule
							 violations, other than violations resulting from single exceedance of max.
							 turbidity level (TT)
2
7141,170-141.173
141.500-141.553
3
141.172, 141.174
141.530-141.544
141.560-141.564
8. Filter Backwash Recycling Rule violations
2
141.76(c)
3
141.76(b),(d)
9. Long Term 1 Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule
							 violations
2
141.500-141,553
3
141.530-141.544,
141.560-141.564
10. LT2ESWTR violations
2
141.710-141.720
222,3
141,701-141.705
and
141.708-141.709
11. Ground Water Rule violations
2
141.404
3
141.402(h),
141.403(d)
B. Inorganic Chemicals (lOCs)
1. Antimony
2
141.62(b)
3
141.23(a), (c)
2. Arsenic
2
141.11(b)
3
11141.23(a), (c)
3. Asbestos (fibers)10 µm)
2
141.62(b)
3
141.23(a)-(b)
4. Barium
2
141.62(b)
3
141.23(a), (c)
5. Beryllium
2
141.62(b)
3
141.23(a), (c)
6. Cadmium
2
141.62(b)
3
141.23(a), (c)
7. Chromium (total)
2
141.62(b)
3
141.23(a), (c)
8. Cyanide
2
141.62(b)
3
141.23(a), (c)
9. Fluoride
2
141.62(b)
3
141.23(a), (c)
10. Mercury (inorganic)
2
141.62(b)
3
141.23(a), (c)
11. Nitrate
1
141.62(b)
121,3
141.23(a), (d), 141.23(f)(2)
12. Nitrite
1
141.62(b)
121,3
141.23(a), (e), 141.23(f)(2)
13. Total Nitrate and Nitrite
1
141.62(b)
3
141.23(a)
14. Selenium
2
141.62(b)
3
141.23(a), (c)
15. Thallium
2
141.62(b)
3
141.23(a), (c)
C. Lead and Copper Rule (Action Level for lead is
							 0.015 mg/L, for copper is 1.3 mg/L)
1. Lead and Copper Rule (TT)
2
141.80-141.85
3
141.86-141.89
D. Synthetic Organic Chemicals (SOCs)
1. 2,4-D
2
141.61(c)
3
141.24(h)
2. 2,4,5-TP (Silvex)
2
141.61(c)
3
141.24(h)
3. Alachlor
2
141.61(0)
3
141.24(h)
4. Atrazine
2
141.61(c)
3
141,24(h)
5. Benzo(a)pyrene (PAHs)
2
141.61(c)
3
141.24(h)
6. Carbofuran
2
141.61(c)
3
141.24(h)
7. Chlordane
2
141.61(c)
3
141.24(h)
8. Dalapon
2
141.61(c)
3
141.24(h)
9. Di (2-ethylhexyl) adipate
2
141.61(c)
3
141.24(h)
10. Di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate
2
141.61(c)
3
141.24(h)
11. Dibromochloropropane
2
141.61(c)
3
141.24(h)
12. Dinoseb
2
141.61(c)
3
141.24(h)
13. Dioxin (2,3,7,8-TCDD)
2
141.61(c)
3
141.24(h)
14. Diquat
2
141.61(c)
3
141.24(h)
15. Endothall
2
141.61(c)
3
141.24(h)
16. Endrin
2
141.61(c)
3
141.24(h)
17. Ethylene dibromide
2
141.61(c)
3
141.24(h)
18. Glyphosate
2
141.61(c)
3
141.24(h)
19. Heptachlor
2
141.61(c)
3
141.24(h)
20, Heptachlor epoxide
2
141.61(c)
3
141.24(h)
21. Hexachlorobenzene
2
141.61(c)
3
141.24(h)
22. Hexachlorocyclo-pentadiene
2
141.61(c)
3
141.24(h)
23. Lindane
2
141.61(c)
3
141.24(h)
24. Methoxychlor
2
141.61(c)
3
141.24(h)
25. Oxamyl (Vydate)
2
141.61(c)
3
141.24(h)
26. Pentachlorophenol
2
141.61(c)
3
141.24(h)
27. Picloram
2
141.61(c)
3
141.24(h)
28. Polychlorinated biphenyls tPCBs)
2
141.61(c)
3
141.24(h)
29. Siraazine
2
141.61(c)
3
141.24(h5
30. Toxaphene
2
141.61(c)
3
141.24(h)
31. 1,2,3-
Trichloropropane
2
11-20-4(d)
3
11-20-12(e)
E. Volatile Organic Chemicals (VOCs)
1. Benzene
2
141.61(a)
3
141.24(f)
2. Carbon tetrachloride
2
141.61(a)
3
141.24(f)
3. Chlorobenzene (monochlorobenzene)
2
141.61(a)
3
141.24(f)
4. o-Dichlorobenzene
2
141.61(a)
3
141.24(f)
5. p-Dichlorobenzene
2
141.61(a)
3
141.24(f)
6. 1,2-Dichloroethane
2
141.61(a)
3
141.24(f)
7. 1, 1-Dichloroethylene
2
141.61(a)
3
141.24(f)
8. cis-1,2- Dichloroethylene
2
141.61(a)
3
141.24(f)
9. trans-1,2- Dichloroethylene
2
141.61(a)
3
141.24(f)
10. Dichloromethane
2
141.61(a)
3
141.24(f)
11. 1,2-Dichloropropane
2
141.61(a)
3
141.24(f)
12. Ethylbenzene
2
141.61(a)
3
141.24(f)
13. Styrene
2
141.61(a)
3
141.24(f)
14. Tetrachloroethylene
2
141.61(a)
3
141.24(f)
15. Toluene
2
141.61(a)
3
141.24(f)
16. 1,2,4- Trichlorobenzene
2
141.61(a)
3
141.24(f)
17. 1,1,1- Trichloroethane
2
141.61(a)
3
141.24(f)
18. 1,1,2- Trichloroethane
2
141.61(a)
3
141.24(f)
19. Trichloroethylene
2
141.61(a)
3
141.24(f)
20. Vinyl chloride
2
141.61(a)
3
141.24(f)
21. Xylenes (total)
2
141.61(a)
3
141.24(f)
F. Radioactive Contaminants
1. Beta/photon emitters
2
141.66(d)
3
141.25(a), 141.26(b)
2. Alpha emitters
2
141.66(c)
3
141.25(a), 141.26(a)
3. Combined radium (226 & 228)
2
141.66(b)
3
141.25(a), 141.26(a)
4. Uranium
92
141.66(e)
103
141.25(a), 141.26(a)
G. Disinfection Byproducts (DBFs), Byproduct
							 Precursors, Disinfectant Residuals. Where disinfection is used in the treatment
							 of drinking water, disinfectants combine with organic and inorganic matter
							 present in water to form chemicals called disinfection byproducts (DBFs). EPA
							 sets standards for controlling the levels of disinfectants and DSPs in drinking
							 water, including trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic acids
							 (HAA5).13
1. Total trihalomethanes (TTHMs)
2
14141.64(b)
3
141.132(a)-(b)
141.600-141.605, 141.620-141.629
2. Haloacetic Acids (HAA5)
2
141.64(b)
3
141,132(a)-(b)
141.600-141.605, 141.620-141.629
3. Bromate
2
141.64(a)
3
141.132(a)-(b)
4. Chlorite
2
141.64(a)
3
141.132(a)-(b)
5. Chlorine (MRDL)
2
141.65(a)
3
141.132.(a),(c)
6. Chloramine (MRDL)
2
141.65(a)
3
141.132(a),(c)
7. Chlorine dioxide (MRDL), where any 2 consecutive
							 daily samples at entrance to distribution system only are above MRDL
2
141.65(a) 141.133(c)(3)
152,3
141.132(a), (c), 141.133(c)(2)
8. Chlorine dioxide (MRDL), where samples(s) in
							 distribution system the next day are also above MRDL
161
141.65(a), 141.133(c)(3)
1
141.132(a), (c), 141.133(c)(2)
9. Control of DBP precursors- TOC (TT)
2
141.135(a)-(b)
3
141.132(a), (d)
10. Bench marking and disinfection profiling
N/A
N/A
3
141.172
141.530-141.544
11. Development of monitoring plan
N/A
N/A
3
141.132(f)
H. Other Treatment Techniques
1. Acrylamide (TT)
2
141.111
N/A
N/A
2. Epichlorohydrin (TT)
2
141.111
N/A
N/A
II. Unregulated Contaminant
							 Monitoring17:
A. Unregulated contaminants
N/A
N/A
3
141.40
B. Nickel
N/A
N/A
3
141.23(c), (k)
III. Public Notification for Variances and
							 Exemptions:
A. Operation under a variance or exemption
3
18415, 1416
N/A
N/A
B. Violation of conditions of a variance or
							 exemption
2
1415, 1416,
19142.307
N/A
N/A
IV. Other Situations Requiring Public
							 Notification:
A. Fluoride secondary maximum contaminant level
							 (SMCL) exceedance
3
143.3
N/A
N/A
B. Exceedance of nitrate MCL for non-community
							 systems, as allowed by State
1
141.11(d)
N/A
N/A
C. Availability of unregulated contaminant monitoring
							 data
3
141.40
N/A
N/A
D. Waterborne disease outbreak
1
141.2, 141.71(c)(2)(ii)
N/A
N/A
E. Other waterborne
							 emergency20
1
N/A
N/A
N/A
F. Source Water Sample Positive for GWR Fecal
							 indicators:
E. coli
, enterococci, or coliphage
1
141.402(g)
N/A
N/A
G. Other situations as determined by the State
211, 2, 3
N/A
N/A
N/A
APPENDIX G - FOOTNOTES
[DAGGER] Until March 31, 2016.
[DOUBLE DAGGER] Beginning April 1, 2016.
1. Violations and other situations not listed in this table
				  (e.g. failure to prepare Consumer Confidence Reports), do not require notice,
				  unless otherwise determined by the state. States may, at their option, also
				  require a more stringent public notice tier (e.g. Tier 1 instead of Tier 2 or
				  Tier 2 instead of Tier 3) for specific violations and situations listed in this
				  Appendix, as authorized under §141.202(a) and §141.203(a).
2. MCL-Maximum contaminant level, MRDL-Maximum residual
				  disinfectant level, TT-Treatment technique.
3. The term Violations of National Primary Drinking Water
				  Regulations (NPDWR) is used here to include violations of MCL, MRDL, treatment
				  technique, monitoring, and testing procedure requirements.
4. Failure to test for fecal coliform or E. coli is a Tier 1
				  violation if testing is not done after any repeat sample tests positive for
				  coliform. All other total coliform monitoring and testing procedure violations
				  are Tier 3.
5. Systems that violate the turbidity MCL of 5 NTU based on
				  an average of measurements over two consecutive days must consult with the
				  state within 24 hours after learning of the violation. Based on this
				  consultation, the state may subsequently decide to elevate the violation to
				  Tier 1. If a system is unable to make contact with the state in the 24-hour
				  period, the violation is automatically elevated to Tier 1.
6. Systems with treatment technique violations involving a
				  single exceedance of a maximum turbidity limit under the Surface Water
				  Treatment Rule (SWTR), the Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment rule
				  (lESWTR) or the Long Term 1 Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule (LTlESWTR)
				  are required to consult with the state within 24 hours after learning of the
				  violation. Based on this consultation, the state may subsequently decide to
				  elevate the violation to Tier 1. If a system is unable to make contact with the
				  state in the 24-hour period, the violation is automatically elevated to Tier
				  1.
7. Most of the requirements of the Interim Enhanced Surface
				  Water Treatment Rule (63FR69477)( 40C.F.R. §§ 141.170-141.171,
				  141.173-141.174 ) become effective January 1, 2002 for Subpart H systems
				  (surface water systems and ground water systems under the direct influence of
				  surface water) serving at least 10,000 persons. However,
				  40C.F.R. §
										141.172 has some requirements that become
				  effective as early as April 16, 1999. The Surface Water Treatment Rule remains
				  in effect for systems serving at least 10,000 persons even after 2002; the
				  Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule adds additional requirements and
				  does not in many cases supercede the SWTR.
8. The arsenic MCL citations are effective January 23, 2006.
				  Until then, the citations are §141.11 (b) and §141.23 (n).
9. The uranium MCL Tier 2 violation citations are effective
				  December 8, 2003 for all community water systems.
10. The uranium Tier 3 violation citations are effective
				  December 8, 2000 for all community water systems.
11. The arsenic Tier 3 violation MCL citations are effective
				  January 23, 2006. Until then, the citations are §141.23(a), (1).
12. Failure to take a confirmation sample within 24 hours for
				  nitrate or nitrite after an initial sample exceeds the MCL is a Tier 1
				  violation. Other monitoring violations for nitrate are Tier 3.
13. Subpart H community and non-transient non-community
				  systems serving > 10,000 must comply with new DBP MCLs, disinfectant MRDLs,
				  and related monitoring requirements beginning January 1, 2002. All other
				  community and non-transient non-community systems must meet the MCLs and MRDLs
				  beginning January 1, 2004. Subpart H transient non-community systems serving
				  10, 000 or more persons and using chlorine dioxide as a disinfectant or oxidant
				  must comply with the chlorine dioxide MRDL beginning January 1, 2002. Subpart H
				  transient non-community systems serving fewer than 10,000 persons and using
				  only ground water not under the direct influence of surface water and using
				  chlorine dioxide as a disinfectant or oxidant must comply with the chlorine
				  dioxide MRDL beginning January 1, 2004.
14. §141.64(b)(1) and §141.132(a)-(b) apply until
				  §§ 141.620-141.630 take effect under the schedule in
				  §141.620(c).
15. Failure to monitor for chlorine dioxide at the entrance
				  to the distribution system the day after exceeding the MRDL at the entrance to
				  the distribution system is a Tier 2 violation.
16. If any daily sample taken at the entrance to the
				  distribution system exceeds the MRDL for chlorine dioxide and one or more
				  samples taken in the distribution system the next day exceed the MRDL, Tier 1
				  notification is required* Failure to take the required samples in the
				  distribution system after the MRDL is exceeded at the entry point also triggers
				  Tier 1 notification.
17. Some water systems must monitor for certain unregulated
				  contaminants listed in
				  40 C.F.R.
				  §
										141.40.
18. This citation refers to §§1415 and 1416 of the
				  Safe Drinking Water Act. §§1415 and 1416 require that "a schedule
				  prescribed...for a public water system granted a variance (or exemption) shall
				  require compliance by the system..."
19. In addition to §§1415 and 1416 of the Safe
				  Drinking Water Act, 40 C,F,R. 142.307 specifies the items and schedule
				  milestones that must be included in a variance for small systems.
20. Other waterborne emergencies require a Tier 1 public
				  notice under §141,202(a) for situations that do not meet the definition of
				  a waterborne disease outbreak given in
				  40
				  C.F.R, 141.2 but that still have the
				  potential to have serious adverse effects on health as a result of short-term
				  exposure. These could include outbreaks not related to treatment deficiencies,
				  as well as situations that have the potential to cause outbreaks, such as
				  failures or significant interruption in water treatment processes, natural
				  disasters that disrupt the water supply or distribution system, chemical
				  spills, or unexpected loading of possible pathogens into the source
				  water.
21. States may place other situations in any tier they
				  believe appropriate, based on threat to public health,
22. Failure to collect three or more samples for
Cryptosporidium
analysis is a Tier 2 violation requiring
				  special notice as specified in §141.211. All other monitoring and testing
				  procedure violations are a Tier 3.