California Code of Regulations › Title 17 - Public Health › Division 1 - State Department of Health Services › Chapter 4 - Preventive Medical Service › Subchapter 1 - Reportable Diseases and Conditions › Article 3 - Specific Diseases and Conditions › Section 2628 - Typhoid Fever

Current through Register 2024 Notice Reg. No. 28, July 12, 2024
(a) Case. A
					 culture of the organism on which the diagnosis of typhoid fever is established shall
					 be submitted first to a local public health laboratory and then to the State
					 Microbial Diseases Laboratory for phage typing. The patient shall be isolated in
					 accordance with Section
					 2518 until clinical recovery. The
					 patient shall remain subject to supervision by the local health officer until three
					 successive specimens of feces and urine taken at least 24 hours apart, beginning at
					 least one week after discontinuation of specific therapy and not earlier than one
					 month after onset of disease, have been found negative for typhoid bacilli at a
					 public health laboratory approved by the State Department of Health Services. If any
					 one of this series is positive, cultures of both urine and feces shall be repeated
					 at intervals of 1 month during the 12-month period following onset, until at least
					 three sets of negative cultures are obtained. The patient shall not take any part in
					 the preparation, serving, or handling of milk or other food to be consumed by
					 individuals other than his immediate family, or participate in the management of a
					 dairy, milk distributing plant, boarding house, restaurant, food store, or any place
					 where food is prepared or stored, or engage in any occupation involving the direct
					 care of young children or the elderly or of patients in hospitals or other
					 institutional settings until release specimens have been obtained, as described
					 above, and are negative for typhoid organisms. (See Section
					 2534.)
(b) Contacts. There are no restrictions on
					 contacts, except that any member of the patient's household shall not take part in
					 the preparation, serving, or handling of milk or other food to be consumed by
					 individuals, other than the immediate family except at the discretion and under the
					 restrictions of the local health officer.
(c) Definition of Carriers.
(1) Convalescent Carriers: Any person who harbors
					 typhoid bacilli for three or more months after onset is defined as a convalescent
					 carrier. Convalescent carriers may be released when three consecutive negative
					 specimens of feces and urine taken at intervals of not less than one month,
					 beginning at least one week after discontinuation of specific therapy are obtained.
					 Such release may be granted at any time from 3-12 months after onset.
(2) Chronic Carriers: If the person continues to
					 excrete typhoid bacilli for more than 12 months after onset of typhoid fever, he is
					 defined as a chronic carrier. Any person who gives no history of having had typhoid
					 fever or who had the disease more than one year previously, and whose feces or urine
					 are found to contain typhoid bacilli on two separate examinations at least 48 hours
					 apart, confirmed by State Microbial Diseases Laboratory, is also defined as a
					 chronic carrier. All carriers shall be reported to the local health officer. Such
					 reports shall be kept confidential and shall not be divulged to persons other than
					 the carrier and his immediate family, except as may be required for the protection
					 of the public health.
(3) Other
					 Carriers: A person should be held under surveillance if typhoid bacilli are isolated
					 from surgically removed tissues, organs, e.g., gallbladder, kidney, etc., or from
					 draining lesions such as osteomyelitis. If the person continues to excrete typhoid
					 bacilli for more than 12 months he is defined as a chronic carrier and may be
					 released after satisfying the criteria for other chronic
					 carriers.