California Code of Regulations › Title 13 - Motor Vehicles › Division 3 - Air Resources Board › Chapter 9 - Off-Road Vehicles and Engines Pollution Control Devices › Article 4 - Off-Road Compression-Ignition Engines and Equipment › Section 2423 - Exhaust Emission Standards and Test

Current through Register 2024 Notice Reg. No. 28, July 12, 2024
Procedures--Off-Road Compression-Ignition
					 Engines.
(a) This section shall
				  be applicable to new heavy-duty off-road compression-ignition engines, produced
				  on or after January 1, 1996, and all other new 2000 and later model year
				  off-road compression-ignition engines. For the purposes of this section, these
				  engines shall be called "compression-ignition engines."
(b)
(1)
(A) Exhaust emissions from new off-road
				  compression-ignition engines, as sold in this state and as appropriate based on
				  model year and maximum rated power, shall not exceed the levels contained in
				  Table 1a with respect to steady-state testing. Table 1a follows:
Table 1a. - Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3 Exhaust
					 Emission Standards
(grams per kilowatt-hour)
Maximum Rated Power (kW)
1
Tier
Model
							 Year
NOx
																		2
HC
							 
							 3
NMHC+
							 NOx
																		4
CO
							 
							 5
PM
							 
							 6
kW <8
Tier
							 1
2000-2004
--
--
10.5
8.0
1.0
Tier 2
2005-2007 
							 7
--
--
7.5
8.0
0.80
8[LESS THAN EQUAL TO]kW <19
Tier
							 1
2000-2004
--
--
9.5
6.6
0.80
Tier 2
2005-2007 
							 7
--
--
7.5
6.6
0.80
19[LESS THAN EQUAL TO]kW <37
Tier
							 1
2000-2003
--
--
9.5
5.5
0.80
Tier 2
2004-2007 
							 7
--
--
7.5
5.5
0.60
37[LESS THAN EQUAL TO]kW <56
Tier
							 1
2000-2003
9.2
--
--
--
--
Tier
							 2
2004-2007
--
--
7.5
5.0
0.40
Tier 3 
							 8
2008-2011
--
--
4.7
5.0
0.40
56[LESS THAN EQUAL TO]kW <75
Tier
							 1
2000-2003
9.2
--
--
--
--
Tier
							 2
2004-2007
--
--
7.5
5.0
0.40
Tier
							 3
2008-2011
--
--
4.7
5.0
0.40
75[LESS THAN EQUAL TO]kW <130
Tier
							 1
2000-2002
9.2
--
--
--
--
Tier
							 2
2003-2002
--
--
6.6
5.0
0.30
Tier
							 3
2007-2011
--
--
4.0
5.0
0.30
130[LESS THAN EQUAL TO]kW <225
Tier
							 1
1996-2002
9.2
1.3
--
11.4
0.54
Tier
							 2
2003-2005
--
--
6.6
3.5
0.20
Tier
							 3
2006-2010
--
--
4.0
3.5
0.20
225[LESS THAN EQUAL TO]kW <450
Tier
							 1
1996-2000
9.2
1.3
--
11.4
0.54
Tier
							 2
2001-2005
--
--
6.4
3.5
0.20
Tier
							 3
2006-2010
--
--
4.0
3.5
0.20
450[LESS THAN EQUAL TO]kW[LESS THAN EQUAL
							 TO]560
Tier
							 1
1996-2001
9.2
1.3
--
11.4
0.54
Tier
							 2
2002-2005
--
--
6.4
3.5
0.20
Tier
							 3
2006-2010
--
--
4.0
3.5
0.20
kW >560
Tier
							 1
2000-2005
9.2
1.3
--
11.4
0.54
Tier
							 2
2006-2010
--
--
6.4
3.5
0.20
1 kW means kilowatts.
2 NOx means Oxides of
					 Nitrogen.
3 HC means Hydrocarbons.
4 NMHC+NOx means Non-Methane
					 Hydrocarbons plus Oxides of Nitrogen.
5 CO means Carbon Monoxide.
6 PM means Particulate Matter.
7 Tier 2 standards for propulsion marine
					 compression-ignition engines below 37 kW remain in effect beyond the 2007 end
					 date.
8 Manufacturers may optionally certify engine families to
					 the interim Tier 4 standards in Table 1b for this power category through
					 2012.
(B) Exhaust emissions
				  from new off-road compression-ignition engines, as sold in this state and as
				  appropriate based on model year and maximum engine power, shall not exceed the
				  levels contained in Table 1b, with respect to steady-state testing, transient
				  testing, and, after application of the criteria in Table 1c, not-to-exceed
				  testing, as applicable. Other compliance options are provided in the 2008-2010
				  or 2011 and Later Test Procedures as applicable.
Table 1b. - Tier 4 Exhaust Emission
					 Standards
(grams per kilowatt-hour)
Maximum Engine
							 Power
Model
							 Year
Type
PM
NMHC+
							 NOx
NMHC grams per
							 kilowatt-hour
NOx
CO
kW <8 
							 1
2008 and
							 later
Final
0.40 
							 2
7.5
--
--
8.0
8[LESS THAN EQUAL TO]kW19 
							 1
6.6
2008-2012
Interim
0.30
7.5
19[LESS THAN EQUAL TO]kW <37 
							 1
4.7
--
--
5.5
2013 and
							 later
Final
0.03
2008-2012
Interim
0.30
37[LESS THAN EQUAL TO]kW <56 
							 3
4.7
--
--
5.0
2013 and
							 later
Final
0.03
Phase-In
--
--
0.40
2012-2014 
							 4
Phase-Out
4.7
--
--
56[LESS THAN EQUAL TO]kW <75
or/Alt NOx
0.02
5.0
or/ Alt
							 NOx+NMHC 
							 8
3.5 
							 5
--
--
2015 and later
Final
--
0.19
0.40
Phase-In
--
0.19
0.40
2012-2014 
							 4
Phase-Out
4.0
--
--
75[LESS THAN EQUAL TO]kW <130
or/Alt NOx
0.02
0.19
5.0
or/ Alt
							 NOx+NMHC 
							 8
3.5 
							 5
--
--
2015 and later
Final
--
0.19
0.40
Phase-In
--
0.19
0.40
2011-2013
Phase-Out
4.0
--
--
130[LESS THAN EQUAL TO]kW[LESS THAN EQUAL
							 TO]560
or/Alt
							 NOx
0.02
0.19
2.0
3.5
or/ Alt
							 NOx+NMHC 
							 8
2.1
--
--
2014 and later
Final
--
0.19
0.40
2011-2014
Interim
0.10
0.40
3.5
560 kW[LESS THAN EQUAL TO]
--
GEN 
							 6[LESS THAN EQUAL TO]900
							 kW
3.5
2015 and
							 later
Final
0.03
0.19
0.67
2011-2014
Interim
0.10
0.40
GEN >900 kW
--
0.67
3.5
2015 and
							 later
Final
0.03
0.19
2011-2014
Interim
0.10
0.40
ELSE 
							 7 >
--
560 kW
3.5
3.5
2015 and
							 later
Final
0.04
0.19
Notes:
1 Propulsion marine compression-ignition engines below 37
					 kW are not subject to Tier 4 standards or requirements. All previously adopted
					 requirements remain applicable for these engines.
2 The Tier 4 PM standard for hand-start, air cooled, direct
					 injection engines below 8 kW is 0.60 g/kW-hr, but is not required until
					 2010.
3 Engine families in this power category may alternately
					 meet Tier 3 PM standards from 2008-2011 in exchange for introducing final PM
					 standards in 2012.
4 Manufacturers have the option of complying with the Tier
					 4 standards over a two year period at 50% per year using banked Tier 2 credits
					 or over a three year period at 25% per year without the use of Tier 2 credits.
					 The three year phase-in period is shown. The 2014 model year cannot extend
					 beyond December 30, 2014, when the 3 year phase-in option is used.
5 Manufacturers may comply with the standards during the
					 transitional implementation years using either a phase-in / phase-out approach
					 or by using the Alternate NOx approach. The three year
					 25% alternate NOx and alternate
					 NOx + NMHC standards are shown in the table. The two
					 year 50% alternate NOx standard would be 2.3 g/kW-hr.
					 The two year 50% alternate NOx + NMHC standard would be
					 2.4 g/kW-hr.
6 "GEN" refers to generator engines only.
7 "ELSE" refers to all mobile machinery excluding generator
					 engines.
8 An ALT NOx+NMHC standard equal to
					 0.5 g/kW-hr is available for one additional model year following the last model
					 year of the ALT NOx+NMHC phase-in shown in the
					 table.
Table 1c. - Criteria for
								Determining NTE Limits 
								1
Pollutant
Apply
							 NTE Multiplier of 1.25 when ...
Apply NTE
							 Multiplier of 1.50 when ...
NOx
NOx
							 Standard or FEL >=2.5 g/kW-hr
NOx Standard 
							 2 or FEL <2.5g/kW-hr
NMHC
NOx Standard or
							 FEL >=2.5 g/kW-hr
NOx Standard 
							 2 or FEL <2.5g/kW-hr
NMHC+NOx
NMHC+NOx
							 Standard or FEL >=2.7 g/kW-hr
NMHC+NOx
							 Standard 
							 2 or FEL <2.7 g/kW-hr
PM
PM Standard or FEL >=0.07
							 g/kW-hr
PM 
							 2 Standard or FEL 
							 3 <0.07g/kW-hr
CO
Always
Never
Notes:
1 Other provisions described in
					 the 2008-2010 or 2011 and Later Test Procedures may affect the calculation of
					 NTE limits.
2 Engines must be certified to
					 these standards without the use of ABT credits.
3 For engines certified to a PM
					 FEL less than or equal to 0.01 g/kW-hr, the PM NTE limit shall be 0.02
					 g/kW-hr.