California Code of Regulations › Title 8 - Industrial Relations › Division 1 - Department of Industrial Relations › Chapter 4 - Division of Industrial Safety › Subchapter 7 - General Industry Safety Orders › Group 20 - Flammable Liquids, Gases and Vapors › Article 134 - Definitions › Section 5415 - Definitions

Current through Register 2024 Notice Reg. No. 28, July 12, 2024
Adequate Ventilation. Ventilation which, under normal
						  operating conditions, is sufficient to keep the concentration of a hazardous
						  gas, vapor, mist, fume or dust below 25 percent of the lower explosive limit
						  and sufficient to ensure that no employee is harmfully exposed.
Aerated Solid Powders. Any powdered material used as a
						  coating material which shall be fluidized within a container by passing air
						  uniformly from below. It is common practice to fluidize such materials to form
						  a fluidized powder bed and then dip the part to be coated into the bed in a
						  manner similar to that used in liquid dipping. Such beds are also used as
						  sources for powder spray operations. The combustibility of such materials may
						  be determined by reference to the "Standard for the Prevention of Dust
						  Explosions in the Plastics Industry," NFPA No. 6541982. Aerosol. A material
						  which is dispensed from its container as a mist, spray or foam by a propellant
						  under pressure.
Atmospheric Tank. A storage tank which has been
						  designed to operate at pressures from atmospheric through 0.5 psig.
Barrel. A volume of 42 U. S. gallons.
Boiling Point. The boiling point of a liquid at a
						  pressure of 14.7 psia (760 mm). Where an accurate boiling point is unavailable
						  for the material in question, or for mixtures which do not have a constant
						  boiling point, for purposes of this code the 10 percent point of a distillation
						  performed in accordance with the Standard Method of Test for Distillation of
						  Petroleum Products, ASTM D-86-78, may be used as the boiling point of the
						  liquid.
Boil-Over. The expulsion of crude oil (or certain other
						  liquids) from a burning tank. The light fractions of the crude oil burn off
						  producing a heat wave in the residue, which on reaching a water strata may
						  result in the expulsion of a portion of the contents of the tank in the form of
						  froth.
Bulk Oxygen System. A bulk oxygen system is an assembly
						  of equipment, such as oxygen storage containers, pressure regulators, safety
						  devices, vaporizers, manifolds, and interconnecting piping; which has a storage
						  capacity of more than 20,000 cubic feet of oxygen (NTP) including unconnected
						  reserves on hand at the site. The bulk oxygen system terminates at the point
						  where oxygen at service pressure first enters the supply line. The oxygen
						  containers may be stationary or movable, and the oxygen may be stored as gas or
						  liquid.
Bulk Plant. That portion of a property where flammable
						  or combustible liquids are received by tank vessel, pipe lines, tank car, or
						  tank vehicle, and are stored or blended in bulk for the purpose of distributing
						  such liquids by tank vessel, pipe line, tank car, tank vehicle, or
						  container.
Chemical Plant. A large integrated plant or that
						  portion of such a plant other than a refinery or distillery where flammable or
						  combustible liquids are produced by chemical reactions or used in chemical
						  reactions.
Closed Container. A container as herein defined, so
						  sealed by means of a lid or other device that neither liquid nor vapor will
						  escape from it at ordinary temperatures.
Combustible Liquid. See Liquid, Combustible.
Container. Any vessel of 60 U.S. gallons or less
						  capacity used for transporting or storing flammable or combustible
						  liquids.
Crude Petroleum. Hydrocarbon mixtures that have a flash
						  point below 150 F. and which have not been processed in a refinery.
Dip Tank. A tank, vat or container of flammable or
						  combustible liquid in which articles or materials are immersed for the purpose
						  of coating, finishing, treating or similar processes.
Distillery. A plant or that portion of a plant where
						  flammable or combustible liquids produced by fermentation are concentrated, and
						  where the concentrated products may also be mixed, stored, or packaged.
Dry Spray Booth. A spray booth not equipped with a
						  water washing system. A dry spray booth may be equipped with distribution or
						  baffle plates to promote an even flow of air through the booth or cause deposit
						  of overspray before it enters exhaust duct; or overspray dry filters to
						  minimize dust or residues entering exhaust ducts; or overspray dry filter rolls
						  designed to minimize dusts or residues entering exhaust ducts; or where dry
						  powders are being sprayed, with powder collection systems so arranged in the
						  exhaust to capture oversprayed material.
Electrostatic Fluidized Bed. A container holding powder
						  coating material which is aerated from below so as to form an air-supported
						  expanded cloud of such material which is electrically charged with a charge
						  opposite to the charge of the object to be coated; such object is transported
						  through the container immediately above the charged and aerated materials in
						  order to be coated.
Fire Area. An area of a building separated from the
						  remainder of the building by construction having a fire resistance of at least
						  one hour and having all communicating openings properly protected by an
						  assembly having a fire resistance rating of at least one hour.
Flammable Aerosol. An aerosol which is a flammable
						  aerosol as defined by Section
						  5194 Appendix B -- Physical Hazard
						  Criteria. For the purposes of Group 20 of these Orders, such aerosols are
						  considered Category 1 flammable liquids.
Flammable (Explosive) Limits. The percent levels,
						  volume by volume, of a flammable vapor or gas mixed in air between which
						  propagation of a flame or an explosion will occur upon the presence of
						  ignition. The leanest mixture at which this will occur is called the lower
						  flammable limit. The richest mixture at which it will occur is the upper
						  flammable limit. The percent of vapor mixture between the lower and upper
						  limits is known as the flammable range.
Flammable Liquid. See Liquid, Flammable.
Flash Point. The minimum temperature at which a liquid
						  gives off vapor within a test vessel in sufficient concentration to form an
						  ignitable mixture with air near the surface of the liquid, and shall be
						  determined as follows:
(A) For a
						liquid which has a viscosity of less than 45 SUS at 100 °F (37.8 °C),
						does not contain suspended solids, and does not have a tendency to form a
						surface film while under test, the procedure specified in the Standard Method
						of Test for Flashpoint by Tag Closed Tester (ASTM D-56-05), which is hereby
						incorporated by reference, or an equivalent test method as defined in Section
						5194, Appendix B -- Physical Hazard
						Criteria, shall be used.
(B) The
						flash point of a liquid having a viscosity of 45 SUS or more at 100 F.
						(37.8° C), or contains suspended solids, or has a tendency to form a
						surface film while under test, the Standard Method of Test for Flashpoint by
						Pensky-Martens Closed Tester (ASTM D-93-08), which is hereby incorporated by
						reference, or an equivalent method as defined by Section
						5194, Appendix B -- Physical Hazard
						Criteria, shall be used except that the methods specified in Note 1 to section
						1.1 of ASTM D-93-08 may be used for
						the respective materials specified in the Note.
(C) For a liquid that is a mixture of
						compounds that have different volatilities and flash points, its flash point
						shall be determined by using the procedure specified above on the liquid in the
						form it is shipped. If the flash point, as determined by this test, is 100°
						F. (37.8° C) or higher, an additional flash point determination shall be
						run on a sample of the liquid evaporated to 90 percent of its original volume,
						and the lower value of the two tests shall be considered the flash point of the
						material.
(D) Organic peroxides,
						which undergo auto-accelerating thermal decomposition, are excluded from any of
						the flash point determination methods above.
Flow Coat. The process of discharging liquids from
						  nozzles, slots, etc. in an unatomized state onto material to be coated.
Fluidized Bed. A container holding powder coating
						  material which is aerated from below so as to form an air-supported expanded
						  cloud of such material through which the preheated object to be coated is
						  immersed and transported.
Gaseous Hydrogen System. One in which the hydrogen is
						  delivered, stored and discharged in the gaseous form to consumer's piping. The
						  system includes stationary or movable containers, pressure regulators, safety
						  relief devices, manifolds, interconnecting piping and controls. The system
						  terminates at the point where hydrogen at service pressure first enters the
						  consumer's distribution piping.
Ignition Temperature. The minimum temperature to which
						  a flammable vapor or gas mixture in air must be heated in order to initiate or
						  cause self sustained combustion.
Inside Storage. A room or building used for the storage
						  of liquids in containers or portable tanks, separated from other types of
						  occupancies. Such areas may include:
Inside room. A room totally enclosed within a building
						  and having no exterior walls.
Cut-off Room. A room within a building having at least
						  one exterior wall.
Liquefied Hydrogen System. One into which liquefied
						  hydrogen is delivered and stored and from which it is discharged in the liquid
						  or gaseous form to consumer piping. The system may include stationary or
						  portable containers, pressure regulators, safety relief devices, manifolds,
						  interconnecting piping and controls as required. The system originates at the
						  storage container fill connection and terminates at the point where hydrogen at
						  service pressure first enters the supply line.
Liquid. Any material which has a fluidity greater than
						  that of 300 penetration asphalt when tested in accordance with ASTM Test for
						  Penetration for Bituminous Materials, D-5-73.
Liquid, Combustible. A liquid having a flash point
						  greater than 199.4°F (93°C) (formerly designated Class IIIB Combustible
						  liquids).
Liquid, Flammable. Any liquid having a vapor pressure
						  not exceeding 40 pounds per square inch (absolute) at 100 °F (37.8 °C)
						  and having a flashpoint at or below 199.4 °F (93 °C). Flammable liquids
						  are divided into four categories as follows:
(A) Category 1 shall include liquids having
						flashpoints below 73.4 °F (23 °C) and having a boiling point at or
						below 95 °F (35 °C).
(B)
						Category 2 shall include liquids having flashpoints below 73.4 °F (23
						°C) and having a boiling point above 95 °F (35 °C).
(C) Category 3 shall include liquids having
						flashpoints at or above 73.4 °F (23 °C) and at or below 140 °F (60
						°C). When a Category 3 liquid with a flashpoint at or above 100 °F
						(37.8 °C) is heated for use to within 30 °F (16.7 °C) of its
						flashpoint, it shall be handled in accordance with the requirements for a
						Category 3 liquid with a flashpoint below 100 °F (37.8 °C).
(D) Category 4 shall include liquids having
						flashpoints above 140 °F (60 °C) and at or below 199.4 °F (93
						°C). When a Category 4 flammable liquid is heated for use to within 30
						°F (16.7 °C) of its flashpoint, it shall be handled in accordance with
						the requirements for a Category 3 liquid with a flashpoint at or above 100
						°F (37.8 °C).
(E) When
						liquid with a flashpoint greater than 199.4 °F (93 °C) is heated for
						use to within 30 °F (16.7 °C) of its flashpoint, it shall be handled in
						accordance with the requirements for a Category 4 flammable liquid.
Liquid, Unstable (Reactive). A liquid which in the pure
						  state or as commercially produced or transported will vigorously polymerize,
						  decompose, condense, or will become self-reactive under conditions of shock,
						  pressure, or temperature.
Low Pressure Tank. A storage tank designed to withstand
						  an internal pressure above 0.5 psig but not more than 15 psig.
Outdoor Location. Outside of any building or structure,
						  and includes locations under a weather shelter or canopy provided such
						  locations are not enclosed by more than two walls set at right angles and are
						  provided with vent space between the walls and vented roof or canopy.
Portable Tank. Any closed vessel having a liquid
						  capacity over 60 U.S. gallons and not intended for fixed installation.
Pressure Vessel. Any fired or unfired vessel within the
						  scope of the applicable section of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel
						  Code.
Refinery. A plant in which flammable or combustible
						  liquids are produced on a commercial scale from crude petroleum, natural
						  gasoline, or other hydrocarbon sources.
Roll Coating. The spreading and impregnating of
						  fabrics, paper or other material by passing the material to be coated directly
						  through a tank or trough containing flammable or combustible liquid, or over
						  the surface of a roller that revolves partially submerged in a flammable
						  liquid.
Safety Can. A listed container of not more than five
						  gallons capacity, having a spring-closing lid, spout cover and a flame arrester
						  and so designed that it will safely relieve internal pressure when subjected to
						  fire exposure.
Service Station, Automotive. That portion of property
						  where liquids used as motor fuels are stored and dispensed from fixed equipment
						  into the fuel tanks of motor vehicles and shall include any facilities
						  available for the sale and service of tires, batteries and accessories, and for
						  minor automotive maintenance work. Major automotive repairs, painting, body and
						  fender work are excluded.
Service Station, Marine. That portion of a property
						  where flammable or combustible liquids used as fuels are stored and dispensed
						  from fixed equipment on shore, piers, wharves, or floating docks into the fuel
						  tanks of self-propelled craft, and shall include all facilities used in
						  connection therewith.
Spray Booth A power-ventilated structure provided to
						  enclose or accommodate a spraying operation, to confine and limit the escape of
						  spray, vapor and residue, and to safely conduct or direct them to an exhaust
						  system. Spray booths are manufactured in a variety of forms, including
						  automotive refinishing, downdraft, open-face, traveling, tunnel, and updraft
						  booths.
Spray Room. A power-ventilated fully enclosed room used
						  exclusively for open spraying of flammable or combustible materials. The entire
						  spray room is a spray area. A spray booth is not a spray room.
Spraying Area. Any area in which dangerous quantities
						  of flammable vapors or mists, or combustible residues, dusts or deposits are
						  present due to the operation of spraying processes.
A spraying area shall include:
(A) The interior of spray booths except as
						specifically provided in Section
						5456(d).
(B) The interior of ducts exhausting from
						spraying processes.
(C) Any area in
						the direct path of spray or any area containing dangerous quantities of
						air-suspended powder or air-suspended combustible residue, dust, deposits,
						vapor or mists as a result of spraying operations.
SUS. Saybolt Universal Seconds as determined by the
						  Standard Method of Test for Saybolt Viscosity (ASTM D-88-81), and may be
						  determined by use of the SUS conversion tables specified in ASTM Method
						  D2161-66 following determination of viscosity in accordance with the procedures
						  specified in the Standard Method of Test for Viscosity of Transparent and
						  Opaque Liquids (ASTM D445-79).
Vapor Area. Any area containing dangerous quantities of
						  flammable vapors in the vicinity of dip tanks, their drain boards or associated
						  drying, conveying or other equipment, during operation or shutdown
						  periods.
Vapor Pressure. The pressure, measured in pounds per
						  square inch (absolute) exerted by a volatile liquid as determined by the
						  "Standard Method of Test for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Reid
						  Method)" (ASTM D323-82).
Viscous. A viscosity of 45 SUS or more.
Waterwash Spray Booth. A spray booth equipped with a
						  water washing system designed to minimize dusts or residues entering exhaust
						  ducts and to permit the recovery of overspray finishing
						  material.
1.
						  Amendment filed 7-13-78; effective thirtieth day thereafter (Register 78, No.
						  28). For prior history, see Register 76, No. 36.
2. Amendment filed
						  12-5-86; effective thirtieth day thereafter (Register 86, No.
						  51).
3. Amendment filed 5-5-2014; operative 5-6-2014 pursuant to
						  Government Code section
						  11343.4(b)(3)
						  (Register 2014, No. 19).
4. Editorial correction (Register 2017, No.
						  12).
Note: Authority cited: Section
							 142.3, Labor
							 Code. Reference: Section
							 142.3, Labor
							 Code.