reglab/statecodes huggingface dataset:
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns › Chapter 9 - General Powers of Local Governments › § 15.2-958.4. Waiver of certain fees for affordable housing

A. A locality may by ordinance provide for the waiver of building permit fees and other local fees associated with the construction, renovation, or rehabilitation of housing by a § 501(c)(3) organization with a primary purpose of assisting with the provision of affordable housing.
B. A locality may by ordinance provide for the waiver of building permit fees and other local fees associated with the construction, renovation, or rehabilitation of housing by a private-sector entity that is pursuing an affordable housing development. For purposes of this subsection, a locality may determine in its ordinance what constitutes affordable housing and may set other conditions on the waiver of fees as it deems appropriate.
2009, c. 799; 2019, c. 393.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns › Chapter 9 - General Powers of Local Governments › § 15.2-958.5. Local funding for community revitalization

A. The City of Richmond may by ordinance provide for the creation of a community revitalization fund for the purpose of preventing neighborhood deterioration. The community revitalization fund shall be exclusively comprised of appropriated local moneys.
B. Any such community fund established pursuant to this section shall be used for one or more of the following purposes:
1. Loans or grants to for-profit and nonprofit organizations for the construction, renovation, or demolition of residential structures in the City;
2. Infrastructure improvements; and
3. Acquisition of blighted structures in accordance with § 36-49.1:1.
C. Such ordinance shall establish (i) qualifying income guidelines for participants and the communities in which community revitalization funds may be expended and (ii) criteria for participation by for-profit and nonprofit organizations that may be eligible for loans or grants pursuant to the provisions of this section.
2011, cc. 770, 833.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns › Chapter 9 - General Powers of Local Governments › § 15.2-959. Housing research

Any locality which does not have a redevelopment and housing authority as authorized by Chapter 1 (§ 36-1 et seq.) of Title 36, shall be authorized to engage in research, studies, and experimentation in housing alternatives, including the rehabilitation of existing housing stock and the construction of additional housing.
1988, c. 862, § 15.1-37.3:9; 1993, c. 791; 1995, c. 393; 1997, c. 587.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns › Chapter 9 - General Powers of Local Governments › § 15.2-960. Planting of trees destroyed during construction

Any locality may establish reasonable rules, regulations, and schedules for planting trees in and along areas dedicated for public use where trees have been destroyed in the construction process. This provision shall not affect the validity of any local ordinance adopted pursuant to any other provision of law.
1986, c. 183, § 15.1-14.1; 1997, c. 587.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns › Chapter 9 - General Powers of Local Governments › § 15.2-961.2. Conservation of trees; notice of infill lot grading plan

An ordinance adopted pursuant to § 15.2-961.1 may allow a locality to post signs on private property that is proposed to be redeveloped with one single-family home that notify the public that an infill lot grading plan is pending for review before the locality. The locality may not require the applicant to be responsible for such posting. The failure to post the property shall not be a ground for denial of such grading plan.
2016, cc. 317, 412.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns › Chapter 9 - General Powers of Local Governments › § 15.2-962. Authority to require a unified geographic information system for a locality

Any locality may by ordinance require that any or all of its agencies, departments, authorities, committees, instrumentalities, or political subdivisions participate in one or more unified or centralized systems for geographic information, mapping, surveying, or land information. The ordinance may establish such conditions as may be necessary to develop, maintain, and operate any such system for geographic information, mapping, surveying, or land information.
1992, c. 39, § 15.1-11.7; 1997, c. 587.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns › Chapter 9 - General Powers of Local Governments › § 15.2-963. Local offices of consumer affairs; establishment; powers and duties

Any county or city may, by ordinance, establish a local office of consumer affairs that shall have only such powers as may be necessary to perform the following duties:
1. To serve as a central coordinating agency and clearinghouse for receiving and investigating complaints of illegal, fraudulent, deceptive, or dangerous practices occurring in such county or city, and referring such complaints to the local departments or agencies charged with enforcement of consumer laws. The processing of complaints involving statutes or regulations administered by state agencies shall be coordinated, where applicable, with the Division of Consumer Counsel of the Department of Law;
2. To attempt to resolve complaints received pursuant to subdivision 1 by means of voluntary mediation or arbitration that may involve the creation of written agreements to resolve individual complaints between complainants and respondents to complaints;
3. To develop programs of community consumer education and information; and
4. To maintain records of consumer complaints and their eventual disposition, provided that records disclosing the business interests of any person, trade secrets, or the names of customers shall be held confidential except to the extent that disclosures of such matters may be necessary for the enforcement of laws. A copy of all periodic reports compiled by any local office of consumer affairs shall be filed with the Division of Consumer Counsel of the Department of Law.
1974, c. 644, § 15.1-23.2; 1987, c. 463; 1997, c. 587; 1998, c. 194; 2013, c. 24.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns › Chapter 9 - General Powers of Local Governments › § 15.2-965. Human rights ordinances and commissions

A. Any locality may enact an ordinance, not inconsistent with nor more stringent than any applicable state law, prohibiting discrimination in housing, employment, public accommodations, credit, and education on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, pregnancy, childbirth or related medical conditions, national origin, military status, age, marital status, sexual orientation, gender identity, or disability.
B. The locality may enact an ordinance establishing a local commission on human rights that shall have the powers and duties granted by the Virginia Human Rights Act (§ 2.2-3900 et seq.).
C. As used in this section:
"Gender identity" means the gender-related identity, appearance, or other gender-related characteristics of an individual, without regard to the individual's designated sex at birth.
"Military status" means status as (i) a member of the uniformed forces, as defined in 10 U.S.C. § 101(a)(5), of the United States or a reserve component thereof named under 10 U.S.C. § 10101, (ii) a veteran as defined in 38 U.S.C. § 101(2), or (iii) a dependent as defined in 50 U.S.C. § 3911(4) except that the support provided by the service member to the individual shall have been provided 180 days immediately preceding an alleged action that if proven true would constitute unlawful discrimination under this section instead of 180 days immediately preceding an application for relief under 50 U.S.C. Chapter 50.
"Religion" includes any outward expression of religious faith, including adherence to religious dressing and grooming practices and the carrying or display of religious items or symbols.
"Sexual orientation" means a person's actual or perceived heterosexuality, bisexuality, or homosexuality.
1987, c. 569, § 15.1-37.3:8; 1997, cc. 404, 587; 2020, cc. 131, 1137, 1140; 2021, Sp. Sess. I, cc. 477, 478; 2022, c. 799.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns › Chapter 9 - General Powers of Local Governments › § 15.2-965.1. Participation of small, women-owned, and minority-owned businesses

A. Any locality may enact an ordinance providing that whenever there exists (i) a rational basis for small business enhancement, or (ii) a persuasive analysis that documents a statistically significant disparity between the availability and utilization of women-owned and minority-owned businesses, the chief executive of the local governing entity shall be authorized and encouraged to require implementation of appropriate enhancement and remedial measures consistent with prevailing law.
B. A small, women-owned, or minority-owned business that is certified by the Department of Small Business and Supplier Diversity pursuant to § 2.2-1606 shall not be required by any locality to obtain any additional certification to participate in any program designed to enhance the participation of such businesses as vendors or to remedy any documented disparity.
2004, cc. 865, 891; 2006, cc. 831, 921; 2009, c. 869; 2013, c. 482.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns › Chapter 9 - General Powers of Local Governments › § 15.2-965.2. Enhancement of micro-business participation in local procurement

A. Any locality may enact an ordinance to enhance micro-business participation in local government procurement practices. Such measures may include special designation of local micro-businesses, providing technical support to micro-businesses, setting target goals for micro-business participation in the local procurement process, and other reasonable measures intended to promote micro-business participation in the locality.
B. For purposes of this section, "micro-business" means a small, women-owned, or minority-owned business with no more than 25 employees.
2020, c. 1123.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns › Chapter 9 - General Powers of Local Governments › § 15.2-966. Establishment and operation of educational television stations

Any locality may provide for the establishment, ownership, maintenance and operation of educational television stations within or outside the locality. The operation of any such station shall be under the direction of the school board of the locality establishing the station.
The facilities of any such station may be made available to any educational institution upon terms as may be agreed upon by the operating board of the station and the governing body of the institution.
Code 1950, § 15-15.3; 1960, c. 533; 1962, c. 623, § 15.1-23; 1997, c. 587.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns › Chapter 9 - General Powers of Local Governments › § 15.2-967. Parking facilities

Any locality may provide off-street automobile parking facilities and open them to the public, with or without charge, and when any locality constructs or has constructed any such facility, it may lease space therein for private commercial purposes which are necessary for sound fiscal management of the parking facility or which space is not suitable for parking.
Code 1950, § 15-6; 1960, c. 528; 1962, c. 623, § 15.1-14; 1970, c. 453; 1973, c. 402; 1990, c. 58; 1997, c. 587.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns › Chapter 9 - General Powers of Local Governments › § 15.2-967.2. Electric vehicle charging stations

Any locality may locate and operate a retail fee-based electric vehicle charging station on property the locality owns or leases. A locality may provide that the use of such station is restricted to employees of the locality and authorized visitors and may install signage that provides notice of such restriction.
2018, cc. 295, 446.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns › Chapter 9 - General Powers of Local Governments › § 15.2-968. Regulation of parking of vehicles within boundaries of state-supported institutions

Any county or city may, upon request of the governing body of any state-supported institution lying wholly or partially within the county or city, regulate the parking of motor vehicles and all other vehicles on the roads, streets, alleys, grounds and other areas within such portions of the boundaries of such institution as lie within the county or city.
Any city adopting an ordinance pursuant to this section may provide in the ordinance that regulations made pursuant to this section shall be enforced by persons appointed under § 19.2-13. No penalty for the violation of any such ordinance shall exceed a fine of twenty dollars. Any request from the governing body of any such institution to the governing body of the county or city shall be in writing and signed by the presiding officers of the institution's governing body and shall be accompanied by a certified copy of a resolution of such governing body authorizing the request to be made.
The circuit court for any county or city which has adopted an ordinance pursuant to this section shall have jurisdiction to try cases arising under such ordinance to the same extent as criminal cases arising in the county or city. The provisions of this section shall not affect the application of §§ 46.2-1231 through 46.2-1234.
Code 1950, § 15-6.1; 1952, c. 472; 1962, c. 623, § 15.1-516; 1964, c. 245; 1997, c. 587.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns › Chapter 9 - General Powers of Local Governments › § 15.2-968.01. Parking in certain residential areas

Notwithstanding any other provision of general law, localities may by ordinance permit the parking of vehicles within residential areas in a public right-of-way that constitutes a part of the state highway system so long as the vehicle does not obstruct the right-of-way.
2015, c. 233.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns › Chapter 9 - General Powers of Local Governments › § 15.2-969. Ordinances prohibiting resale of tickets to certain public events; penalty

Any locality may provide, by ordinance, that it is unlawful for any person, firm or corporation to resell for profit any ticket for admission to any sporting event, theatrical production, lecture, motion picture or any other event open to the public for which tickets are ordinarily sold, except in the case of religious, charitable, or educational organizations where all or a portion of the admission price reverts to the sponsoring group and the resale for profit of such ticket is authorized by the sponsor of the event and the manager or owner of the facility in which the event is being held. Such ordinance may provide that violators thereof are guilty of a Class 3 misdemeanor.
This section shall not apply to any resale of a ticket that occurs on the Internet.
1970, c. 530, § 15.1-29.3; 1982, c. 279; 1995, c. 339; 1997, c. 587; 2009, cc. 321, 376.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns › Chapter 9 - General Powers of Local Governments › § 15.2-970. Construction of dams, levees, seawalls, etc.; certain proceedings prohibited

A. Any locality may construct a dam, levee, seawall or other structure or device, or perform dredging operations hereinafter referred to as "works," the purpose of which is to prevent the tidal erosion, flooding or inundation of such locality, or part thereof. The design, construction, performance, maintenance and operation of any of such works is hereby declared to be a proper governmental function for a public purpose.
B. No person, association or political subdivision shall bring any action at law or suit in equity against any locality because of, or arising out of, the design, maintenance, performance, operation or existence of such works but nothing herein shall prevent any such action or suit based upon a written contract. This provision shall not be construed to authorize the taking of private property without just compensation therefor and provided further that the tidal erosion, flooding or inundation of any lands of any other person by the construction of a dam or levee to impound or control fresh water shall be a taking of such land within the meaning of the foregoing provision.
Code 1950, § 15-20.6; 1960, c. 516; 1962, c. 623, § 15.1-31; 1966, c. 270; 1968, c. 793; 1980, c. 460; 1997, c. 587.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns › Chapter 9 - General Powers of Local Governments › § 15.2-971. Armories and markets; assistance to National Guard

A. A locality may provide and operate armories and markets, or may contract with others for supplying such facilities.
B. Any locality may appropriate out of the general levy, except the school fund, and expend annually such sums of money as their judgment may warrant to aid and assist in the erection and maintenance of suitable armories for companies of the Virginia National Guard, or otherwise contribute towards the assistance and maintenance of such companies.
Code 1950, §§ 15-77.44, 15-694; 1958, c. 328; 1962, c. 623, §§ 15.1-268, 15.1-880; 1970, c. 225; 1997, c. 587.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns › Chapter 9 - General Powers of Local Governments › § 15.2-972. Appropriations for the upkeep of certain cemeteries

Any locality may make appropriations in such sums and at such times as the governing body of the locality deems proper, for the care and upkeep of any cemetery in the locality in which free burial space is provided.
Code 1950, § 15-17; 1962, c. 623, § 15.1-511; 1997, c. 587.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns › Chapter 9 - General Powers of Local Governments › § 15.2-973. Ordinances imposing license taxes on owners of certain motor vehicles

Any locality may adopt an ordinance imposing a license tax, in an amount not exceeding $100 annually, upon the owners of motor vehicles that do not display current license plates and that are not exempted from the requirements of displaying such license plates under the provisions of Article 6 (§ 46.2-662 et seq.) of Chapter 6 of Title 46.2, §§ 46.2-1554 and 46.2-1555, are not in a public dump, in an "automobile graveyard" as defined in § 33.2-804, or in the possession of a licensed junk dealer or licensed motor vehicle dealer. Nothing in this section shall be applicable to any vehicle being held or stored by or at the direction of any governmental authority, to any vehicle owned by a member of the armed forces on active duty or to any vehicle regularly stored within a structure. Nothing in this section shall be applicable to motor vehicles that are stored on private property for the purpose of restoration or repair or for removing parts for the repair of another vehicle.
1970, c. 380, § 15.1-27.1; 1977, c. 557; 1982, c. 216; 1988, c. 484; 1997, c. 587; 2013, c. 347.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns › Chapter 9 - General Powers of Local Governments › § 15.2-974. Permits for display of fireworks; use and exhibitions

The governing bodies of the several counties, cities and towns shall have the power to provide for the issuance of permits for the display of fireworks by fair associations, amusement parks, or by any organization or group of individuals, under the minimum terms and conditions set forth in the Virginia Statewide Fire Prevention Code (§ 27-94 et seq.) and any additional terms and conditions as may be prescribed by the locality. Any association, organization, or group that has been issued a permit may purchase and make use of fireworks under the terms and conditions of such permit.
2002, c. 856.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns › Chapter 9 - General Powers of Local Governments › § 15.2-975. Use of cash proffers

Localities which are authorized to accept voluntary cash proffers may also issue bonds under the provisions of the Public Finance Act and other applicable law including local charters, to finance improvements contained in the construction improvement program, to the extent that the costs of such improvements have been pledged by landowners as voluntary cash proffers. Authorized localities may pledge the proceeds of such proffers as a specific undertaking from which revenue is derived pursuant to Article VII, Section 10 (a) (3) of the Constitution of Virginia. The use of pledged cash proffers to finance improvements shall be limited to the improvements or class of improvements for which the proffer was originally pledged, and all or any part of the total amount pledged through the conditional zoning process may be further pledged by the locality to support repayment of any such debt.
2004, c. 927.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns › Chapter 9 - General Powers of Local Governments › § 15.2-976. Notification of changes to the Federal Emergency Management Agency Special Flood Hazard Area map

Any locality receiving notification from the United States Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) that a change in the FEMA Special Flood Hazard Area map concerns or relates to real property within such locality shall provide to each owner of any such property (i) written notification that such change has occurred within that locality and (ii) written notification of the website, address, and telephone number for the National Flood Insurance Program to aid the property owner in determining if there has been a change to the flood risk of the property. Notice sent by bulk or first class mail to the last known address of such owner as shown on the current real estate tax assessment books or current real estate tax assessment records shall be deemed adequate compliance with this requirement.
2007, c. 211.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns › Chapter 9 - General Powers of Local Governments › § 15.2-977. Green Roof Incentive Programs

A. For purposes of this section, "green roof" means a roof or partially covered roof consisting of plants, soil, or another lightweight growing medium that is installed on top of a waterproof membrane and designed in accordance with the Virginia Stormwater Management Program's standards and specifications for green roofs, as set forth in the Virginia BMP Clearinghouse.
B. Any locality may establish a rate incentive program designed to encourage the use of green roofs in the construction and remodeling of residential and commercial buildings. If established, the incentives shall be based on the percentage of stormwater runoff reduction the green roof provides.
2009, c. 402.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns › Chapter 9 - General Powers of Local Governments › § 15.2-977.1. Local incentives for urban green space

A. For purposes of this section, "urban green space" means urban land, partly or completely covered with grass, trees, shrubs, or other vegetation, that is located in a densely populated area that has a high concentration of residential or commercial structures. "Urban green space" includes street trees, city parks, sports fields, gardens, and greenways. To qualify as urban green space, the use of such land must make a substantive impact on the reduction of the urban heat effect, the offsetting of greenhouse gas emissions, or the mitigation of stormwater. Rural areas and areas of low population density or development shall not be considered urban green space.
B. Any county, city, or town may, by ordinance, establish a program to provide regulatory flexibility to encourage the preservation, restoration, or development of urban green space in the locality. Any such regulatory flexibility provided shall be proportionate to the amount of urban green space that a business or development contains.
C. The regulatory flexibility may include (i) a reduction in permit fees or (ii) a streamlined process for the approval of permits.
2023, c. 427.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns › Chapter 9 - General Powers of Local Governments › § 15.2-978. Registration by locality of cemeteries, graveyards, or other places of burial on private property

Any locality may adopt an ordinance setting forth a register of identified cemeteries, graveyards, or other places of burial located on private property not belonging to any memorial or monumental association. The official local register may include an official map. Sites on the registry shall not be disclosed to the public in any format if they fall under the exception provided in subdivision 10 of § 2.2-3705.7 for significant historic and archaeological sites that would be jeopardized by public disclosure of their location. The register and official map may be available on the locality's website, if one exists. The locality may provide a phone number and email address on the locality's website, if one exists, that members of the public can use to contact the locality regarding identified or unidentified cemeteries, graveyards, or other places of burial located on private property not belonging to any memorial or monumental association.
The governing body shall publish a notice in a newspaper having general circulation in the locality at least two weeks prior to the public sale of any publicly owned property that contains a known cemetery, graveyard, or other place of burial, or as soon thereafter as possible, and shall also publish the notice on the locality's website, if one exists. The notice shall specify that a cemetery is present on the property. If the property falls under the exception provided in subdivision 10 of § 2.2-3705.7 for significant historic and archeological sites that would be jeopardized by public disclosure of their location, then no such notice is required.
2009, c. 718; 2022, c. 369.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns › Chapter 9 - General Powers of Local Governments › § 15.2-979. Notice of sale under deed of trust

A. Notice shall be given to the chief administrative officer or designee of a locality and, if the property is located in a common interest community as defined in § 54.1-2345, to the common interest community association, when residential property located within that locality or common interest community becomes subject to a sale under a deed of trust.
B. The notice required by this section shall:
1. Be made by the trustee or any substitute trustee authorized to conduct the sale under the deed of trust;
2. Be given no later than 60 days after the sale of the residential property under the deed of trust;
3. Include (i) the street address of the residential property, (ii) the name of all property owners whose ownership was subject to the deed of trust, (iii) the name and contact information, including telephone number, of the person filing the notice, and (iv) the name and address of all owners holding the property as a result of the sale.
C. For residential properties described in subsection A, if the mortgage loan secured by the deed of trust has been registered with a national mortgage loan electronic registration system to which the locality has access and which registry includes a unique mortgage identification number specific to the loan and which number is tied to the name of the borrower, the street address of the property, and contact information consisting of the name, telephone number, and electronic address, if any, of the current mortgage lender or mortgage loan service provider and of the current property preservation contact, then the person authorized to conduct the sale under the deed of trust shall not have to give the locality the notice described in this section and shall be deemed to have complied with any such ordinance.
D. For purposes of this section, "residential property" means single-family detached dwellings, single-family attached dwellings, individual residential condominium units, and individual residential lots located in a development subject to the Property Owners' Association Act (§ 55.1-1800 et seq.).
2009, c. 803; 2013, c. 749; 2015, cc. 93, 410.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns › Chapter 9 - General Powers of Local Governments › § 15.2-980. Civil penalties for violations of noise ordinances

Any locality may, by ordinance, adopt a uniform schedule of civil penalties for violations of that locality's noise ordinance. This provision shall not apply to noise generated in connection with the business being performed on industrial property. Civil fines will not exceed $250 for the first offense and $500 for each subsequent offense. The locality may authorize the chief law-enforcement officer to enforce any civil penalties adopted pursuant to the provisions of this section. The provisions of this section shall not apply to railroads. No ordinance of any locality shall apply to sound emanating from any area permitted by the Virginia Department of Energy or any division thereof.
2010, cc. 501, 788; 2017, c. 649; 2021, Sp. Sess. I, c. 532.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns › Chapter 9 - General Powers of Local Governments › § 15.2-981. Authority to sell dogs trained for police work

A locality may sell any dog specially trained for police work to the handler who was last in control of such dog, at a price deemed by the locality to be appropriate. Such sale shall not be deemed a violation of the State and Local Government Conflict of Interests Act (§ 2.2-3100 et seq.).
2010, c. 714.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns › Chapter 9 - General Powers of Local Governments › § 15.2-982. Designation of tourism activity zones

Any locality may designate one or more tourism activity zones as areas that may be used for special events, including parades, events requiring temporary street closures, and indoor and outdoor entertainment activities. The locality shall include any designated tourism activity zone as an amendment to the locality's zoning map.
2013, c. 246.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns › Chapter 9 - General Powers of Local Governments › § 15.2-984. Adoption of flood plain ordinances

Any locality may by ordinance regulate the activity on, use of, or development of a flood plain in a manner consistent with any state or federal flood plain management programs and requirements. Nothing in this section shall be construed to limit a locality's authority to regulate a flood plain pursuant to § 15.2-2283 or any other provision of law.
2020, c. 166.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns › Chapter 9 - General Powers of Local Governments › § 15.2-985. Disposition of abandoned shopping carts; unauthorized possession; penalties

A. The governing body of any locality with a County Manager Plan or Urban County Executive Form may, by ordinance, provide that it shall be unlawful for any person to place, leave, or abandon on any real property in the locality, or within specified districts within the locality, any shopping cart as defined in § 18.2-102.1. The ordinance shall provide that any such shopping cart that remains on real property outside of the premises defined in § 18.2-102.1 at least 15 days after a notice of violation is given to the owner of such shopping cart shall be presumed to be abandoned and subject to removal from the real property by the locality or its agents without further notice.
B. A notice of violation sent by registered or certified mail to the last known address of the shopping cart's owner or its registered agent reflected in state or locality public records shall satisfy the notice requirement of this section. In the event that any such shopping cart is so removed, the cost of removal, including the cost of disposal, but not to exceed $300 per cart, shall be charged to the owner of the shopping cart. Any such charge that is not paid within 30 days of the date on which it is billed to the owner shall constitute a lien upon the shopping cart and may be collected in any manner provided by law for the collection of taxes.
C. In addition to any other remedy provided herein, the locality or its designee may institute legal action to enjoin the continuing violating of this section.
D. An ordinance adopted pursuant to subsection A may provide that it shall be unlawful for any person, except the owner or his agent, to possess outside of the premises any shopping cart, when the owner has posted notice on the property that removal is unlawful. The locality may provide that a person who violates the ordinance is subject to a civil penalty of not more than $500. However, such penalty shall not apply when such person has been found guilty of a violation of § 18.2-102.1 for the removal of such shopping cart from a store premises.
2020, c. 1174, § 15.2-984.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns › Chapter 9 - General Powers of Local Governments › § 15.2-986. Broadband services; education

Any locality or other public body of the Commonwealth may appropriate public funds, personal property, real estate, or donations to any local school board, school division, public school, charitable institution or association, or private provider of broadband services for the purposes of promoting, facilitating, and encouraging the development, expansion, provision, and operation of broadband services for educational purposes, as described in § 22.1-79.9, and may promote, encourage, support, and take any action that a local school board is authorized to take under that section.
2021, Sp. Sess. I, c. 496.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns › Chapter 11 - Powers of Cities and Towns › § 15.2-1100. Powers conferred; exercised by council

A municipal corporation shall have and may exercise any or all powers set forth in this article, regardless of whether such powers are set out or incorporated by reference in a municipal charter. All powers vested in a municipal corporation by this chapter shall be exercised by its governing body.
Code 1950, § 15-77.2; 1958, c. 328; 1962, c. 623, § 15.1-838; 1979, c. 297; 1997, c. 587.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns › Chapter 11 - Powers of Cities and Towns › § 15.2-1101. Exercise of powers outside boundaries

If a municipal corporation seeks to exercise the powers set forth in this article outside its boundaries, such powers shall, except as to existing nonconforming use, be subject to the zoning regulations of the locality in which the power is sought to be exercised, provided that, except as to existing nonconforming uses, such locality also observes the zoning regulations of the municipality as to any of such locality's property located within the corporate limits.
Code 1950, § 15-77.2; 1958, c. 328; 1962, c. 623, § 15.1-838; 1979, c. 297; 1997, c. 587.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns › Chapter 11 - Powers of Cities and Towns › § 15.2-1102. General grant of power; enumeration of powers not exclusive; limitations on exercise of power

A municipal corporation shall have and may exercise all powers which it now has or which may hereafter be conferred upon or delegated to it under the Constitution and laws of the Commonwealth and all other powers pertinent to the conduct of the affairs and functions of the municipal government, the exercise of which is not expressly prohibited by the Constitution and the general laws of the Commonwealth, and which are necessary or desirable to secure and promote the general welfare of the inhabitants of the municipality and the safety, health, peace, good order, comfort, convenience, morals, trade, commerce and industry of the municipality and the inhabitants thereof, and the enumeration of specific powers shall not be construed or held to be exclusive or as a limitation upon any general grant of power, but shall be construed and held to be in addition to any general grant of power. The exercise of the powers conferred under this section is specifically limited to the area within the corporate limits of the municipality, unless otherwise conferred in the applicable sections of the Constitution and general laws, as amended, of the Commonwealth.
Code 1950, § 15-77.3; 1958, c. 328; 1962, c. 623, § 15.1-839; 1979, c. 297; 1997, c. 587.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns › Chapter 11 - Powers of Cities and Towns › § 15.2-1103. Charter provisions not affected; conflict between chapter and charter

A municipal corporation, in addition to the powers granted by § 15.2-1102, shall have all the powers granted to it in its charter; and nothing contained in this article shall be construed to in anywise repeal, amend, impair or affect any provision of any existing charter or of any charter hereafter granted to a municipal corporation or any provision of any other applicable law, unless such amendment or repeal so provides. Whenever there appears to be a conflict between any provision of this article, or any amendment hereof, and that of any charter of a municipal corporation, the provisions of the charter shall be construed and held to take precedence over such conflicting or apparently conflicting provisions of this article or of any amendment hereof.
Code 1950, § 15-77.4; 1958, c. 328; 1962, c. 623, § 15.1-840; 1997, c. 587.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns › Chapter 11 - Powers of Cities and Towns › § 15.2-1104. Taxes and assessments

A municipal corporation may raise annually by taxes and assessments on property, persons, and other subjects of taxation, which are not prohibited by law, such sums of money as in the judgment of the municipal corporation are necessary to pay the debts, defray the expenses, accomplish the purposes, and perform the functions of the municipal corporation, in such manner as the municipal corporation deems necessary or expedient. A municipal corporation may also establish by ordinance a discount for the early payment of any such taxes or assessments. For purposes of this section, "early payment" may include payment of real property taxes in full on or before the due date of such tax.
Code 1950, § 15-77.5; 1958, c. 328; 1962, c. 623, § 15.1-841; 1997, c. 587; 2003, c. 216; 2012, c. 585.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns › Chapter 11 - Powers of Cities and Towns › § 15.2-1104.1. Tax on admissions to charitable events

A municipal corporation that generally levies an admissions tax may, by ordinance, elect not to levy an admissions tax on admission to an event, provided that the purpose of the event is solely to raise money for charitable purposes and that the net proceeds derived from the event will be transferred to an entity or entities that are exempt from sales and use tax pursuant to § 58.1-609.11.
1999, c. 986; 2003, cc. 757, 758.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns › Chapter 11 - Powers of Cities and Towns › § 15.2-1105. Borrowing money and issuing evidence of indebtedness

A municipal corporation may, in the name of and for the use of the municipal corporation, borrow money and issue evidence of indebtedness therefor, subject to such limitations as may be imposed by law.
Code 1950, § 15-77.7; 1958, c. 328; 1962, c. 623, § 15.1-843; 1997, c. 587.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns › Chapter 11 - Powers of Cities and Towns › § 15.2-1106. Control and management of affairs; books, records, accounts, etc., of agencies

A municipal corporation shall provide for the control and management of the affairs of the municipality, and may prescribe and require the adoption and keeping of such books, records, accounts and systems of accounting by the departments, boards, commissions, courts or other agencies of the local government as may be necessary to give full and true accounts of the affairs, resources and revenues of the municipal corporation and the handling, use and disposal thereof.
Code 1950, § 15-77.8; 1958, c. 328; 1962, c. 623, § 15.1-844; 1997, c. 587.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns › Chapter 11 - Powers of Cities and Towns › § 15.2-1107. Departments, offices, boards, etc.

A municipal corporation may provide for the organization, conduct and operation of all departments, offices, boards, commissions and agencies of the municipal corporation, subject to such limitations as may be imposed by its charter or otherwise by law. A municipal corporation may establish, consolidate, abolish or change departments, offices, boards, commissions and agencies of the municipal corporation and prescribe the powers, duties and functions thereof, except where such departments, offices, boards, commissions and agencies or the powers, duties and functions thereof are specifically established or prescribed by its charter or otherwise by law.
Code 1950, § 15-77.9; 1958, c. 328; 1962, c. 623, § 15.1-845; 1997, c. 587.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns › Chapter 11 - Powers of Cities and Towns › § 15.2-1108. Gifts, donations, bequests or grants

A municipal corporation may accept or refuse gifts, donations, bequests or grants from any source, which are related to the powers, duties and functions of the municipal corporation.
Code 1950, § 15-77.12; 1958, c. 328; 1962, c. 623, § 15.1-848; 1997, c. 587.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns › Chapter 11 - Powers of Cities and Towns › § 15.2-1109. Milk, food and food products

A municipal corporation may regulate and inspect the production, preparation, storage, distribution and sale of milk and milk products, and other beverages, and food and food products, and the sanitation of establishments in which the same are produced, prepared, processed, handled, distributed, sold or offered for sale, and facilities, equipment and vehicles used for such purposes; provided such regulations are not inconsistent with the provisions of Chapters 52 (§ 3.2-5200 et seq.) and 54 (§ 3.2-5400 et seq.) of Title 3.2; and may condemn, seize and dispose of any adulterated, impure or dangerous milk, milk product, beverage, food or food product, without liability to the owner thereof.
Code 1950, § 15-77.17; 1958, c. 328; 1962, c. 623, § 15.1-853; 1997, c. 587.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns › Chapter 11 - Powers of Cities and Towns › § 15.2-1110. Swimming pools, lakes and other waters

A municipal corporation may regulate and inspect the operation, maintenance, and use of public swimming pools, lakes and other natural or artificial waters and private pools and lakes operated by clubs and associations; and without liability to the owner thereof, may prevent the use thereof when such waters are found to be polluted, adulterated, impure or dangerous or contribute or are likely to contribute to the contraction or spread of infectious, contagious or dangerous diseases.
Code 1950, § 15-77.22; 1958, c. 328; 1962, c. 623, § 15.1-858; 1997, c. 587.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns › Chapter 11 - Powers of Cities and Towns › § 15.2-1111. Regulation of cemeteries and burials

A municipal corporation may regulate and inspect cemeteries and burials therein, prescribe records to be kept by the owners thereof, and prohibit burials except in public cemeteries.
Code 1950, § 15-77.24; 1958, c. 328; 1962, c. 623, § 15.1-860; 1997, c. 587.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns › Chapter 11 - Powers of Cities and Towns › § 15.2-1112. Aid to military units

A municipal corporation may grant financial aid to military units organized in the municipal corporation pursuant to the laws of the Commonwealth.
Code 1950, § 15-77.26; 1958, c. 328; 1962, c. 623, § 15.1-862; 1970, c. 225; 1997, c. 587.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns › Chapter 11 - Powers of Cities and Towns › § 15.2-1113. Dangerous, etc., business or employment; transportation of offensive substances; explosive or inflammable substances; fireworks

A municipal corporation may regulate or prohibit the conduct of any dangerous, offensive or unhealthful business, trade or employment; the transportation of any offensive substance; the manufacture, storage, transportation, possession and use of any explosive or inflammable substance; and the use and exhibition of fireworks and the discharge of firearms. A municipal corporation may also require the maintenance of safety devices on storage equipment for such substances or items.
Any municipal corporation that regulates or prohibits the discharge of firearms shall provide an exemption for the killing of deer pursuant to § 29.1-529. Such exemption shall apply on land of at least five acres that is zoned for agricultural use.
Code 1950, § 15-77.29; 1958, c. 328; 1962, c. 623, § 15.1-865; 1982, c. 17; 1992, c. 600; 1997, c. 587; 2000, c. 229.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns › Chapter 11 - Powers of Cities and Towns › § 15.2-1113.1. Prohibiting hunting in certain areas

Any municipal corporation may by ordinance prohibit all hunting with firearms or other weapons in, or within one-half mile of, any subdivision or other area of such municipal corporation which, in the opinion of the governing body, is so heavily populated as to make such hunting dangerous to the inhabitants thereof. Any such ordinance shall clearly describe each area in which hunting is prohibited and shall further provide that appropriate signs shall be erected designating the boundaries of such area.
2000, c. 289.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns › Chapter 11 - Powers of Cities and Towns › § 15.2-1114. Auctions; pawnshops; secondhand dealers; peddling; fraud and deceit in sales; weights and measures

A municipal corporation may regulate the sale of property at auction; may regulate the conduct of and prescribe the number of pawnshops and dealers in secondhand goods, wares and merchandise; may regulate or prohibit peddling; may prevent fraud or deceit in the sale of property; may require weighing, measuring, gauging and inspection of goods, wares and merchandise offered for sale; and may provide for the sealing of weights and measures and the inspection and testing thereof.
Code 1950, § 15-77.30; 1958, c. 328; 1962, c. 623, § 15.1-866; 1997, c. 587.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 15.2 - Counties, Cities and Towns › Chapter 11 - Powers of Cities and Towns › § 15.2-1115. Abatement or removal of nuisances

A. A municipal corporation may compel the abatement or removal of all nuisances, including but not limited to the removal of weeds from private and public property and snow from sidewalks; the covering or removal of offensive, unwholesome, unsanitary or unhealthy substances allowed to accumulate in or on any place or premises; the filling in to the street level, fencing or protection by other means, of the portion of any lot adjacent to a street where the difference in level between the lot and the street constitutes a danger to life and limb; the raising or draining of grounds subject to be covered by stagnant water; and the razing or repair of all unsafe, dangerous or unsanitary public or private buildings, walls or structures which constitute a menace to the health and safety of the occupants thereof or the public. If after such reasonable notice as the municipal corporation may prescribe the owner or owners, occupant or occupants of the property or premises affected by the provisions of this section shall fail to abate or obviate the condition or nuisance, the municipal corporation may do so and charge and collect the cost thereof from the owner or owners, occupant or occupants of the property affected in any manner provided by law for the collection of state or local taxes.
B. Every charge authorized by this section in excess of $200 which has been assessed against the owner of any such property and which remains unpaid shall constitute a lien against such property. Such liens shall have the same priority as liens for other unpaid local real estate taxes and shall be enforceable in the same manner as provided in Articles 3 (§ 58.1-3940 et seq.) and 4 (§ 58.1-3965 et seq.) of Chapter 39 of Title 58.1. A locality may waive such liens in order to facilitate the sale of the property. Such liens may be waived only as to a purchaser who is unrelated by blood or marriage to the owner and who has no business association with the owner. All such liens shall remain a personal obligation of the owner of the property at the time the liens were imposed.
Code 1950, § 15-77.31; 1958, c. 328; 1962, c. 623, § 15.1-867; 1997, c. 587; 2004, cc. 533, 968; 2017, cc. 118, 610.