reglab/statecodes huggingface dataset:
2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 17C. Traffic Regulations and Laws of the Road › Article 17A. Regulation of the Commercial Transportation of Coal › §17C-17A-6. Reporting Requirements for Shippers, Vehicle Owners and Receivers of Coal Transported on Public Highways

(a) Every shipper of coal for transport on a coal resource transportation road in this state that loads vehicles shall be required to report to the commission weight and other transport-related data as required in this article. The commission shall by rule establish special recording and reporting methods for timely and accurate disclosure of all shipments of coal made upon any coal resource transportation road of this state. The rules shall provide for administrative penalties to be imposed for failure to timely or accurately report weight or other required data.
(b) Every vehicle owner who transports coal on a coal resource transportation road of this state is subject to the provisions of this article and any rules established by the commission requiring reporting, monitoring or removal from service of any unsafe vehicle or driver.
(c) Every receiver of coal transported on a coal resource transportation road in this state that unloads or causes to be unloaded any shipment of coal shall report to the commission the weight of the shipment and other data related to the shipment as required by rules promulgated by the commission. The rules shall provide for administrative penalties to be imposed for failure to timely or accurately report the weight or other data. Compliance with the reporting requirements shall cause the receiver to be immune from any and all criminal, civil and administrative liability, damages, costs, fines and penalties based on, arising out of or resulting from the receiver's receipt or acceptance of the shipment.
(d) The commission shall by rule establish special recording and reporting methods for timely and accurate disclosure of all shipments of coal made by commercial motor vehicles upon a coal resource transportation road of this state.
(e) Any receiver receiving any vehicle transporting coal in excess of eighty-eight thousand pounds on any noncoal transportation highways shall file a report with the Public Service Commission, identifying the vehicle and its driver within twenty-four hours of being received. The reports shall be subject to freedom of information requests in accordance with chapter twenty-nine-b of this code. Nothing contained in this subsection shall be construed to restrict application of any other provision of this chapter or any rules promulgated pursuant to this chapter.
2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 17C. Traffic Regulations and Laws of the Road › Article 17A. Regulation of the Commercial Transportation of Coal › §17C-17A-7. Permit Application Procedure

The commission shall propose in accordance with provisions of article three, chapter twenty-nine-a of this code by emergency and legislative rules, filed no later than October 1, 2003, a permit application procedure for the issuance of permits pursuant to the authority contained within this article: Provided, That the commission shall take final action upon all completed permit applications within thirty days of receipt if the application is uncontested, or within ninety days if the application is contested.
2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 17C. Traffic Regulations and Laws of the Road › Article 17A. Regulation of the Commercial Transportation of Coal › §17C-17A-8. Powers and Duties of the Commission

In addition to all other powers, duties, responsibilities and authority granted and assigned to the commission in this code and elsewhere prescribed by law, notwithstanding any provision of the code to the contrary:
(1) The commission shall promulgate rules in accordance with the provisions of article three, chapter twenty-nine-a of this code to carry out the provisions of this article including modifying any existing rules and establishing permit application fees up to an amount sufficient to defray the costs of permit review;
(2) The commission or any authorized representative, employee or agent may, at reasonable times, enter onto any coal shipping or receiving facility in the state for the purpose of making an inspection or investigation;
(3) The commission may also perform or require a person, by order, to perform any and all acts necessary to carry out the provisions of this article or the rules promulgated under this article;
(4) The commission, its authorized representative, employee or agent shall make periodic inspections at coal shipping or receiving facilities to effectively implement and enforce the requirements of this article or its rules and may conduct at weigh stations or any other adequate site or facility inspections of coal in transit.
2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 17C. Traffic Regulations and Laws of the Road › Article 17A. Regulation of the Commercial Transportation of Coal › §17C-17A-13. Authority of the Commissioner of the Division of Highways Relating to Road and Bridge Repair on Designated Coal Resource Transportation Roads

(a) In addition to all other powers provided by law to the commissioner of highways, he or she may enter into agreements with coal shippers, motor vehicle operators or owners holding or applying for permits issued pursuant to this article, or with any other persons, for the purpose of replacing, repairing, widening, reconstructing, altering, improving or maintaining public highways used for coal resource transportation. These agreements shall contain necessary criteria to assure any damages associated with the transport of coal upon the respective public highways are ameliorated.
(b) All moneys collected by the commissioner shall be deposited in a special account created within the state road fund, known as the coal resource transportation fund, to be expended for the purposes set forth in subsection (a) of this section.
2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 17C. Traffic Regulations and Laws of the Road › Article 17A. Regulation of the Commercial Transportation of Coal › §17C-17A-16. Spotting Unlawful; Penalties

It is unlawful for any person to intentionally assist an owner or operator of a commercial motor vehicle engaged in the transportation of coal to avoid a road, safety or other lawful inspection or enforcement activity by any law or weight enforcement officer through electronic communications or other means intended to give the commercial vehicle driver knowledge of the location of the officers. Any person who violates this section is guilty of a misdemeanor and, shall, upon conviction, be fined not less than $1,000 and upon a second or subsequent conviction, fined not less than $2,000.
2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 17C. Traffic Regulations and Laws of the Road › Article 17B. Transfer of Certain Jurisdiction and Employees to Public Service Commission › §17C-17B-1. Legislative Findings and Purposes

(a) The Legislature finds that:
(1) Enforcement officers of the Public Service Commission of West Virginia are, as part of their enforcement of chapters twenty-four and twenty-four-a of this code with respect to common and contract carriers by motor vehicle, other for-hire carriers and private commercial carriers, currently inspecting for safety many of the same vehicles and loads that are inspected for size and weight by employees of the Department of Transportation;
(2) To effectuate the legislative findings and declarations set forth in section one, article one, chapter five-f of this code, the jurisdiction over the administration and enforcement of state statutes and rules relating to vehicular weight and the jurisdiction over the issuance of permits for excess vehicular weight should be transferred to the Public Service Commission;
(3) To preserve continuity and to maximize efficiency, those employees of the Department of Transportation who are employed primarily in the performance of the governmental duties described in this section should be transferred to the Public Service Commission; and
(4) The enforcement of state statutes and rules relating to coal truck weight, including costs of inspections of the vehicles and loads, training of enforcement officers, program oversight, administrative proceedings, personal services, employee benefits and all other costs associated with enforcement matters, falls within the scope of maintenance of state roads and public highways as described in section fifty-two, article six of the Constitution of this state and in section one, article three, chapter seventeen of this code.
(b) The purposes of this article are to transfer:
(1) Jurisdiction over the enforcement of state statutes and rules, including, but not limited to, the provisions of article seventeen-a of this chapter, relating to coal truck weight, from the Department of Transportation to the Public Service Commission of West Virginia;
(2) Jurisdiction over the issuance of permits for excess vehicular weight under section eleven, article seventeen, of this chapter, from the Department of Transportation to the Public Service Commission of West Virginia; and
(3) To the Public Service Commission of West Virginia those employees of the Department of Transportation whose primary governmental duties include the administration and enforcement of statutes and rules relating to vehicular weight.
2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 17C. Traffic Regulations and Laws of the Road › Article 17B. Transfer of Certain Jurisdiction and Employees to Public Service Commission › §17C-17B-2. Transfer of Jurisdiction Over Vehicle Weight Enforcement and Excess Weight Permit Issuances to Public Service Commission

(a) Effective July 1, 2003, the jurisdiction over the enforcement of state statutes and rules, including, but not limited to, applicable provisions of article seventeen of this chapter relating to vehicular weight, shall be transferred from the Department of Transportation to the Public Service Commission of West Virginia.
(b) Effective July 1, 2003, the jurisdiction over the issuance of permits for excess vehicular weight shall be transferred from the Department of Transportation to the Public Service Commission of West Virginia.
2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 17C. Traffic Regulations and Laws of the Road › Article 17B. Transfer of Certain Jurisdiction and Employees to Public Service Commission › §17C-17B-3. Transfer of Certain Employees From Department of Transportation to Public Service Commission

Effective July 1, 2003, employees of the Department of Transportation whose primary governmental duties as of June 30, 2003, included the administration and enforcement of this code and rules promulgated under this code relating to vehicular weight or the issuance of permits for excess vehicular weight shall be transferred from the Department of Transportation to the Public Service Commission of West Virginia.
2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 17C. Traffic Regulations and Laws of the Road › Article 17B. Transfer of Certain Jurisdiction and Employees to Public Service Commission › §17C-17B-4. Costs of Enforcement to Be Funded From Revenues in General Revenue Fund or From Fees Collected by Public Service Commission

(a) On and after July 1, 2003, the cost of enforcement of this code and rules promulgated under this code, relating to vehicular weight, including inspections of vehicles and loads, training of enforcement officers, administrative proceedings, personal services, employees benefits and all other costs associated with enforcement matters, shall be funded by revenues in the state road fund, established pursuant to the provisions of section one, article three, chapter seventeen of this code: Provided, That effective on and after July 1, 2007, all of the costs described in this subsection shall be funded by fees collected from the Public Service Commission or other appropriation by the Legislature: Provided, however, That the foregoing proviso may not be construed to require appropriation by the Legislature.
(b) The secretary of transportation and the treasurer shall take all actions necessary to implement the transfer of funding to effectuate the purposes of this article.
(c) For fiscal years beginning on and after July 1, 2004, the commission shall include in its budget to the Legislature the costs of implementation and continuing enforcement of this article for payment and appropriation into the Public Service Commission Fund.
2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 17C. Traffic Regulations and Laws of the Road › Article 17B. Transfer of Certain Jurisdiction and Employees to Public Service Commission › §17C-17B-5. Exceptions

(a) Nothing in this article reduces or eliminates the authority of any police officer to enforce the provisions of article seventeen of this chapter.
(b) Nothing in this article reduces or eliminates the jurisdiction of the Department of Transportation to administer and enforce sections eleven-a, eleven-b, eleven-c and twelve, article seventeen of this chapter.
(c) Nothing in this article expands, reduces or eliminates any remedies otherwise available by law.
2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 17C. Traffic Regulations and Laws of the Road › Article 18. Penalties › §17C-18-1. Violations of Chapter; Penalties for Misdemeanor

(a) It is a misdemeanor for any person to violate any of the provisions of this chapter unless such violation is by this chapter or other law of this state declared to be a felony.
(b) Every person convicted of a misdemeanor for a violation of any of the provisions of this chapter for which another penalty is not provided shall for a first conviction thereof be punished by a fine of not more than $100 or by imprisonment for not more than ten days; for a second such conviction within one year thereafter such person shall be punished by a fine of not more than $200 or by imprisonment for not more than twenty days or by both such fine and imprisonment; upon a third or subsequent conviction such person shall be punished by a fine of not more than $500 or by imprisonment for not more than six months or both such fine and imprisonment.
2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 17C. Traffic Regulations and Laws of the Road › Article 19. Parties, Procedure Upon Arrest and Reports in Criminal Cases › §17C-19-1. Parties to a Crime

Every person who commits, attempts to commit, conspires to commit, or knowingly aids or abets in the commission of, any act declared herein to be a crime, whether individually or in connection with one or more other persons or as a principal, agent, or accessory, shall be guilty of such offense, and every person who falsely, fraudulently, forcibly, or willfully induces, causes, coerces, requires, permits, or directs another to violate any provision of this chapter is likewise guilty of such offense.
2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 17C. Traffic Regulations and Laws of the Road › Article 19. Parties, Procedure Upon Arrest and Reports in Criminal Cases › §17C-19-2. Offenses by Persons Owning or Controlling Vehicles; Owner Present in Vehicle to Be Arrested Rather Than Driver for Certain Traffic Violations

It is unlawful for the owner, or any other person, employing or otherwise directing the driver of any vehicle to require or knowingly to permit the operation of such vehicle upon a highway in any manner contrary to law.
If the owner of a motor vehicle is present in the vehicle at a time when another driver is operating the vehicle upon the highways of this state: (1) With defective or improper equipment in violation of the provisions of article fifteen of this chapter; (2) in violation of the weight, height, length or width provisions of article seventeen of this chapter; (3) with improper registration in violation of the provisions of article three, chapter seventeen-a of this code; or (4) with an expired vehicle inspection decal or certificate in violation of the provisions of article sixteen of this chapter, the owner rather than the driver shall be arrested for any violation enumerated herein in lieu of an arrest of the driver. If the owner of the vehicle is not present therein, then the driver shall be arrested for any violation enumerated in this section.
2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 17C. Traffic Regulations and Laws of the Road › Article 19. Parties, Procedure Upon Arrest and Reports in Criminal Cases › §17C-19-3. When Person Arrested Must Be Taken Immediately Before a Magistrate or Court

(a) Whenever any person is arrested for any violation of this chapter punishable as a misdemeanor, the arrested person shall be immediately taken before a magistrate or court within the county in which the offense charged is alleged to have been committed and who has jurisdiction of the offense and is nearest or most accessible with reference to the place where the arrest is made, in any of the following cases:
(1) When a person arrested demands an immediate appearance before a magistrate or court;
(2) When the person is arrested upon a charge of negligent homicide;
(3) When the person is arrested upon a charge of driving while under the influence of alcohol, or under the influence of any controlled substance, or under the influence of any other drug, or under the combined influence of alcohol and any controlled substance or any other drug;
(4) When the person is arrested upon a charge of failure to stop in the event of an accident causing death, personal injury or damage to property;
(5) When the person is arrested upon a charge of violating section fourteen, article seventeen of this chapter relating to weight violations, except as otherwise provided in that section;
(6) When the person arrested is a resident of a state that has not entered into a nonresident violator compact with this state;
(7) In any other event when the person arrested refuses to accept the written notice to appear in court as his or her promise to appear in court or to comply with the terms of the written notice to appear in court as provided in section four of this article; and
(8) When a person is arrested for driving with a suspended or revoked driver's license for miscellaneous reasons. Provided, That when a person is arrested for driving with a suspended or revoked driver's license for miscellaneous reasons, the arresting officer may issue a charge by citation if a magistrate or judge is not on duty or reasonably available.
(b) When the person arrested is a resident of a state that has entered into a nonresident violator compact with this state, the arresting officer shall issue the person a written notice as provided for in section four of this article and may not take the person immediately before a magistrate or court, except under the terms of the compact or under the circumstances set forth in subsection (a) of this section.
2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 17C. Traffic Regulations and Laws of the Road › Article 19. Parties, Procedure Upon Arrest and Reports in Criminal Cases › §17C-19-4. When Person Arrested to Be Given Five Days' Notice to Appear in Court

(a) Whenever a person is arrested for any violation of this chapter punishable as a misdemeanor and, such person is not immediately taken before a justice or court as hereinbefore required, the arresting officer shall prepare written notice to appear in court containing the name and address of such person, the license number of his vehicle, if any, the offense charged, and the time and place when and where such person shall appear in court.
(b) The time specified in said notice to appear must be at least five days after such arrest unless the person arrested shall demand an earlier hearing.
(c) The place specified in said notice to appear must be before a justice or court within the township or county in which the offense charged is alleged to have been committed and who has jurisdiction of such offense.
(d) The arrested person in order to secure release, as provided in this section, must accept a copy of the written notice prepared by the arresting officer. The officer shall deliver a copy of the notice to the person promising to appear. Thereupon, said officer shall forthwith release the person arrested from custody.
2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 17C. Traffic Regulations and Laws of the Road › Article 19. Parties, Procedure Upon Arrest and Reports in Criminal Cases › §17C-19-5. Procedure Prescribed by Article Not Exclusive

The following provisions of this article shall govern all police officers in making arrests without a warrant for violations of this chapter, but the procedure prescribed herein shall not otherwise be exclusive of any other method prescribed by law for the arrest and prosecution of a person for an offense of like grade.
2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 17C. Traffic Regulations and Laws of the Road › Article 19. Parties, Procedure Upon Arrest and Reports in Criminal Cases › §17C-19-6. Form for and Records of Books of Traffic Citations

(a) Every traffic-enforcement agency in this state shall provide in appropriate form approved by the commissioner, the superintendent of the division of public safety and the commissioner of the Division of Highways, traffic citations containing notices to appear which shall be issued in books with citations in quadruplicate and meeting the requirements of this article.
(b) The chief administrative officer of every such traffic-enforcement agency shall be responsible for the issuance of such books and shall maintain a record of every such book and each citation contained therein issued to individual members of the traffic-enforcement agency and shall require and retain a receipt for every book so issued.
2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 17C. Traffic Regulations and Laws of the Road › Article 19. Parties, Procedure Upon Arrest and Reports in Criminal Cases › §17C-19-7. Disposition and Records of Traffic Citations

(a) Every traffic-enforcement officer upon issuing a traffic citation to an alleged violator of any provision of the motor vehicle laws of this state or of any traffic ordinance of any city or town shall deposit the original or a copy of such traffic citation with a court having jurisdiction over the alleged offense or with its traffic violations bureau.
(b) Upon the deposit of the original or a copy of such traffic citation with a court having jurisdiction over the alleged offense or with its traffic violations bureau as aforesaid, said original or copy of such traffic citation may be disposed of only by trial in said court or other official action by a judge of said court, including forfeiture of the bail or by the deposit of sufficient bail with or payment of a fine to said traffic violations bureau by the person to whom such traffic citation has been issued by the traffic-enforcement officer.
(c) It shall be unlawful and official misconduct for any traffic-enforcement officer or other officer or public employee to dispose of a traffic citation or copies thereof or of the record of the issuance of the same in a manner other than as required herein.
(d) The chief administrative officer of every traffic- enforcement agency shall require the return to him of a copy of every traffic citation issued by an officer under his supervision to an alleged violator of any traffic law or ordinance and of all copies of every traffic citation which has been spoiled or upon which any entry has been made and not issued to an alleged violator.
(e) Such chief administrative officer shall also maintain or cause to be maintained in connection with every traffic citation issued by an officer under his supervision a record of the disposition of the charge by the court or its traffic violations bureau in which the original or copy of the traffic citation was deposited.
2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 17C. Traffic Regulations and Laws of the Road › Article 19. Parties, Procedure Upon Arrest and Reports in Criminal Cases › §17C-19-8. Record of Traffic Cases

Every justice or judge of a court shall keep or cause to be kept a record of every traffic complaint, or other legal form of traffic charge deposited with or presented to said court or its traffic violations bureau, and shall keep a record of every official action by said court or its traffic violations bureau in reference thereto, including but not limited to a record of every conviction, forfeiture of bail, judgment of acquittal, and the amount of fine or forfeiture resulting from every said traffic complaint deposited with or presented to said court or traffic violations bureau.
2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 17C. Traffic Regulations and Laws of the Road › Article 19. Parties, Procedure Upon Arrest and Reports in Criminal Cases › §17C-19-10. Guaranteed Arrest Bond Certificates as Cash Bail

Any guaranteed arrest bond certificate of any surety company licensed to do business by the Insurance Commissioner, shall, when presented by the person whose signature appears thereon, be accepted in lieu of cash bail in an amount not to exceed $500, as a bail bond, to guarantee the appearance of such person in any court, or before any justice, mayor, or municipal judge in this state, at such time as may be required by the court, justice, mayor or municipal judge, when such person is arrested for violation of any motor vehicle law of this state or traffic ordinance of any municipality in this state (except for the offenses of reckless driving, driving while intoxicated or for any felony) committed prior to the date of expiration shown on such guaranteed arrest bond certificate: Provided, That any such guaranteed arrest bond certificate so presented as a bail bond in any court in this state shall be subject to the same forfeiture and enforcement provisions as any other bail bond.
The term "guaranteed arrest bond certificate," as used herein, means any printed card or other certificate issued by an automobile club or association to any of its members, which said card or certificate is signed by such member and contains a printed statement that such automobile club or association and a surety company guarantee the appearance of the person whose signature appears on the card or certificate and that they will in the event of failure of said person to appear in court at the time of trial, pay any fine or forfeiture imposed on such person in an amount not to exceed $500.
2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 17C. Traffic Regulations and Laws of the Road › Article 20. West Virginia Turnpike Commission › §17C-20-1. Authority of West Virginia Turnpike Commission

The provisions of this chapter shall apply to toll roads under the jurisdiction of the West Virginia turnpike commission insofar as they are not in conflict with the provisions of chapter one hundred thirty-nine, acts of the Legislature, regular session, one thousand nine hundred forty-seven, as amended. The turnpike commission shall have all rights, privileges, and powers in regard to turnpike projects under its jurisdiction, which are by this chapter granted, reserved or otherwise accorded to the state road commission or commissioner or to any local or public authority or body in regard to other public highways. In addition, the turnpike commission shall have full authority to adopt rules and regulations for the movement of traffic upon any turnpike project under its jurisdiction and to amend the limits imposed by article six (speed restrictions) and article seventeen (size, weight, and load) of this chapter insofar as their application to toll roads under its jurisdiction are concerned by resolution entered upon the turnpike commission's minute book: Provided, That speed limits so established shall be posted conspicuously at intervals along the turnpike. Violations of any amendments by the turnpike commission of said limits as aforesaid or of any rules, regulations, or resolutions of the turnpike commission adopted pursuant to this article shall be punishable in the same manner and to the same extent as elsewhere in this chapter provided for the punishment of violations of limits set forth herein and of rules, regulations, resolutions, and ordinances of the state road commission or commissioner and local or public authorities or bodies in regard to roads, streets, or highways within their respective jurisdictions, unless no punishment is provided elsewhere herein, in which event each such violation shall be a misdemeanor subject to the jurisdiction of justices of the peace and circuit courts upon conviction of which a fine not to exceed $50 shall be levied.
2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 17C. Traffic Regulations and Laws of the Road › Article 21. Effect of Chapter › §17C-21-1. Constitutionality

If any part or parts of this chapter shall be held to be unconstitutional such unconstitutionality shall not affect the validity of the remaining parts of this chapter. The Legislature hereby declares that it would have passed the remaining parts of this chapter if it had known that such part or parts thereof would be declared unconstitutional.
2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 17C. Traffic Regulations and Laws of the Road › Article 22. Ridesharing › §17C-22-1. Ridesharing Arrangement Defined

"Ridesharing arrangement" means the transportation of persons in a motor vehicle where such transportation is incidental to another purpose of the driver and is not for profit, or is by nonprofit community organizations and nonprofit corporations for senior citizens or handicapped persons. The term shall include but not be limited to ridesharing arrangements known as carpools, vanpools and buspools.
2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 17C. Traffic Regulations and Laws of the Road › Article 22. Ridesharing › §17C-22-2. Common Carrier Laws Do Not Apply to Ridesharing; Requiring Liability Insurance

The following laws and regulations of this state shall not apply to any ridesharing arrangement using a motor vehicle with a seating capacity for not more than fifteen persons, including the driver:
(a) Chapter twenty-four-a of this code pertaining to the regulation of common carriers of any kind or description by the Public Service Commission;
(b) Laws and regulations containing insurance requirements that are specifically applicable to common carriers or commercial vehicles: Provided, That with respect to any private or individually owned motor vehicle designed for a normal passenger capacity, including the driver thereof, of no more than six persons, prior to, and continuing during the term of such use, the use of any such motor vehicle for any ridesharing arrangement under the provisions of this article, such motor vehicle shall be insured for liability arising out of the ownership, operation, maintenance or use thereof in the amount of $20,000 because of bodily injury to or death of one person in any one accident, and, subject to said limit for one person, in the amount of $40,000 because of bodily injury to or death of two or more persons in any one accident, and in the amount of $10,000 because of injury to or destruction of property of others in any one accident, and in the case of any other motor vehicle to be used for any ridesharing arrangement under the provisions of this article, all such motor vehicles prior to such use, and continuing during the term of such use, shall be insured for liability arising out of the ownership, operation, maintenance or use thereof in the amount of $100,000 because of bodily injury to or death of one person in any one accident, and, subject to said limit for one person, in the amount of $300,000 because of bodily injury to or death of two or more persons in any one accident, and in the amount of $25,000 because of injury to or destruction of property of others in any one accident and insured for medical pay coverage of not less than $10,000;
(c) Laws imposing a greater standard of care on common carriers or commercial vehicles than that imposed on other drivers or owners of motor vehicles;
(d) Laws and regulations with equipment requirements and special accident reporting requirements that are specifically applicable to common carriers or commercial vehicles; and
(e) Laws imposing a tax on fuel purchased in another state by a common carrier or road use taxes on commercial buses.
2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 17C. Traffic Regulations and Laws of the Road › Article 22. Ridesharing › §17C-22-3. Workers' Compensation Law Does Not Apply to Ridesharing; Exceptions Thereto

Chapter twenty-three of this code providing compensation for workers injured during the course of their employment shall not apply to a person injured while participating in a ridesharing arrangement between his or her place of residence and place of employment or termini near such places: Provided, That if the employer owns, leases or contracts for the motor vehicle used in such arrangement, chapter twenty-three shall apply.
2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 17C. Traffic Regulations and Laws of the Road › Article 22. Ridesharing › §17C-22-4. Liability of Employer

(a) An employer shall not be liable for injuries to passengers and other persons resulting from the operation or use of a motor vehicle, not owned, leased or contracted for by the employer, in a ridesharing arrangement.
(b) An employer shall not be liable for injuries to passengers and other persons because he provides information, incentives or otherwise encourages his employees to participate in ridesharing arrangements.
2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 17C. Traffic Regulations and Laws of the Road › Article 22. Ridesharing › §17C-22-7. Certain Ridesharing Vehicles Are Not Commercial Vehicles or Buses; Exemption From Registration; Driver Not Chauffeur

(a) A motor vehicle used in a ridesharing arrangement that has a seating capacity for not more than fifteen persons, including the driver, shall not be a "bus" for purposes of equipment requirements or rules of the road.
(b) A motor vehicle used in a ridesharing arrangement that has a seating capacity for not more than fifteen persons, including the driver, shall not be a "bus" or other motor vehicle operated as a common carrier or contract carrier under the provisions of section one, article ten, chapter seventeen-a of this code relating to registration.
(c) The driver of a passenger car, motor vehicle that has a seating capacity for not more than fifteen persons, including the driver, used in a ridesharing arrangement is not a "chauffeur" nor is he transporting persons for compensation under the driver licensing provisions of this code.
2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 17C. Traffic Regulations and Laws of the Road › Article 23. Funeral Processions › §17C-23-1. Definitions

(a) "Funeral director" and "funeral establishment" have the same meaning as set forth in section four, article six, chapter thirty of this code.
(b) "Funeral procession" means two or more vehicles accompanying the body of a deceased person, or traveling to the church, chapel, cemetery or other location at which the funeral service or final disposition is to be held, including a funeral lead vehicle or a funeral escort vehicle.
(c) "Funeral lead vehicle" means any authorized law enforcement or nonlaw-enforcement motor vehicle or a funeral escort vehicle being used to lead and facilitate the movement of a funeral procession. A funeral hearse may serve as a funeral lead vehicle.
(d) "Funeral escort" means a person or entity that provides escort services for funeral processions, including law-enforcement personnel and agencies.
(e) "Funeral escort vehicle" means any motor vehicle that escorts a funeral procession.
2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 17C. Traffic Regulations and Laws of the Road › Article 23. Funeral Processions › §17C-23-2. Funeral Procession Right-of-Way; Funeral Escort Vehicles; Funeral Lead Vehicles

(a) Regardless of any traffic control device or right-of-way provisions prescribed by state or local ordinance, pedestrians and operators of all vehicles, except as stated in subsection (c) of this section, shall yield the right-of-way to any vehicle which is part of a funeral procession being led by a funeral escort vehicle or a funeral lead vehicle.
(b) When the funeral lead vehicle lawfully enters an intersection, either by reason of a traffic control device or at the direction of law-enforcement personnel, the remaining vehicles in the funeral procession may follow through the intersection regardless of any traffic control devices or right-of-way provisions prescribed by state or local law.
(c) Funeral processions have the right-of-way at intersections regardless of traffic control devices subject to the following conditions and exceptions:
(1) Operators of vehicles in a funeral procession shall yield the right-of-way to an approaching emergency vehicle giving an audible or visible signal;
(2) Operators of vehicles in a funeral procession shall yield the right-of-way when directed to do so by a police officer; and
(3) Operators of vehicles in a funeral procession must exercise due care when participating in a funeral procession.
2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 17C. Traffic Regulations and Laws of the Road › Article 23. Funeral Processions › §17C-23-3. Driving in Procession

(a) All vehicles comprising a funeral procession shall follow the preceding vehicle in the funeral procession as closely as is practical and safe.
(b) Any ordinance, law or rule stating that motor vehicles shall be operated to allow sufficient space enabling any other vehicle to enter and occupy such space without danger is not applicable to vehicles in a funeral procession.
2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 17C. Traffic Regulations and Laws of the Road › Article 23. Funeral Processions › §17C-23-4. Liability

Liability for any death, personal injury or property damage suffered on or after July 1, 1999, by any person in a funeral procession may not be imposed upon a funeral director or funeral establishment or their employees or agents unless the death, personal injury or property damage is proximately caused by the negligent or intentional act of a funeral director or funeral establishment or their employees or agents.
2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 17C. Traffic Regulations and Laws of the Road › Article 24. Autonomous Vehicles and Devices › §17C-24-1. Definitions

"Mobile carrier means an electrically powered device that:
(1) Is operated on sidewalks and crosswalks and is intended primarily for transporting
Property;
(2) Weighs less than 100 pounds, excluding cargo;
(3) Has a maximum speed of 12.5 miles per hour; and
(4) Is equipped with a technology to transport personal property with the active monitoring
of a property owner and primarily designed to remain within 25 feet of the property owner.
"Personal delivery device" means an electrically powered device that:
(1) Is operated on sidewalks, and crosswalks and roadways and is intended primarily for transporting goods and cargo;
(2) Is equipped with technology to allow for operation of the device with or without the
active control or monitoring of a natural person;
(3) A personal delivery device is not considered a vehicle unless expressly defined by law as a vehicle; and
(4) A mobile carrier is not considered a personal delivery device.
2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 17C. Traffic Regulations and Laws of the Road › Article 24. Autonomous Vehicles and Devices › §17C-24-2. Rules for Personal Delivery Devices and Mobile Carriers

(a) A personal delivery device or mobile carrier may operate on sidewalks and crosswalks. A personal delivery device or mobile carrier operating on a sidewalk or crosswalk has all the rights and duties applicable to a pedestrian under the same circumstances, except that the personal delivery device or mobile carrier shall not unreasonably interfere with pedestrians or traffic, and shall yield the right-of-way to pedestrians on the sidewalk or crosswalk.
(b) Personal delivery devices and mobile carriers shall:
(1) Obey all official traffic and pedestrian control signals and devices;
(2) For personal delivery devices, include a plate or marker that has a unique identifying device number and identifies the name and contact information of the personal delivery device operator; and
(3) Be equipped with a braking system that, when active or engaged, enables the personal delivery device or mobile carrier to come to a controlled stop.
(c) Mobile carriers shall not:
(1) Operate on a public highway except to the extent necessary to cross a crosswalk;
(2) Operate on a sidewalk or crosswalk unless the mobile carrier owner is actively controlling or monitoring the navigation and remains within 25 feet of the mobile carrier;
(3) Transport hazardous materials as defined in RSA 259:40; or
(4) Transport persons or animals.
(d) Personal delivery devices shall not:
(1) Operate at speeds in excess of 12 mph on sidewalks;
(2) Operate at speeds in excess of 20 mph on roadways;
(3) Operate unless the navigation and operation is being monitored or controlled by an operator; or
(4) Transport hazardous materials that are regulated under the Hazardous Materials Transportation Authorization Act of 1994 (49 United States Code Sections 5101 through 5128) and must be placarded under 49 Code of Federal Regulations Sections 172.500 through 172.560.
(e) A local authority may not regulate the operation of a personal delivery device on a highway or sidewalk in a manner that is inconsistent with this article, including, but not limited to, restricting the hours or zones of operation.
(f) A person who owns and operates a personal delivery device in this state shall maintain an insurance policy, on behalf of himself or herself and his or her agents, which provides general liability coverage of at least $100,000 for damages arising from the combined operations of personal delivery devices under the entitys or agents control.
2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 17C. Traffic Regulations and Laws of the Road › Article 25. Aviation Related Offenses › §17C-25-1. Definitions

As used in this article, unless the context otherwise requires:
"Aeronautics" means the art and science of flight including, but not limited to, transportation by aircraft; the operation, construction, repair, or maintenance of aircraft, aircraft power plants, and accessories, including the repair, packing, and maintenance of parachutes; the design, establishment, construction, extension, operation, improvement, repair, or maintenance of airports or other air navigation facilities; and education about aeronautics.
"Aircraft" means any contrivance now known, or hereafter invented, used or designed for navigation of or flight in the air.
"Air navigation" or "navigation" means the operation or navigation of aircraft in the air space over this state, or upon any airport within this state.
"Air navigation facility" means any facility other than one owned or controlled by the federal government used in, available for use in, or designed for use in aid of air navigation, including airports, and any structures, mechanisms, lights, beacons, markers, communications system, or other instrumentalities or devices used or useful as an aid or constituting an advantage or convenience to the safe takeoff, navigation, and landing of aircraft or the safe and efficient operation or maintenance of an airport, and any combination of any or all of such facilities.
"Airport" means any area of land or water which is used, or intended for use, for the landing and takeoff of aircraft and any appurtenant areas which are used, or intended for use, for airport buildings or other airport facilities or rights-of-way, together with all airport buildings and facilities located thereon.
"Controlled substance" has the meaning ascribed to it in chapter 60A of this code.
"Law-enforcement officer" means: (1) Any member of the State Police; (2) any sheriff and any deputy sheriff of any county of this state; (3) any member of a police department in any political subdivision of this state; and (4) any natural resources police officer of the Division of Natural Resources.
"Operation of aircraft" or "operate aircraft" means the use, navigation, or piloting of aircraft in the airspace over this state or upon the ground within this state.
"Person" means any individual, firm, partnership, corporation, company, association, joint stock association, or body politic, and includes any trustee, receiver, assignee, or other similar representative thereof.
"Political subdivision" means any county, city, town, village, or other political subdivision of this state.
2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 17C. Traffic Regulations and Laws of the Road › Article 25. Aviation Related Offenses › §17C-25-3. Implied Consent to Test; Administration at Direction of Law-Enforcement Officer; Designation of Type of Test; Definition of Law-Enforcement Officer

(a) Any person who operates an aircraft in this state is considered to have given his or her consent by the operation thereof to a preliminary breath analysis and a secondary chemical test of either his or her blood, breath, or urine for the purposes of determining the alcoholic content of his or her blood, breath, or urine. A preliminary breath analysis may be administered in accordance with the provisions of 17C-25-4 of this code whenever a law-enforcement officer has reasonable cause to believe a person committed an offense prohibited by 17C-25-2 of this code. A secondary test of breath, blood, or urine shall be incidental to a lawful arrest and shall be administered at the direction of the arresting law-enforcement officer. The law-enforcement agency by which the law-enforcement officer is employed shall designate which one of the secondary tests shall be administered:
Provided
, That if the designated test is a blood test and the person arrested refuses to submit to the blood test, then the law-enforcement officer making the arrest shall designate in lieu thereof either a breath or urine test to be administered.
(b) If any political subdivision or the Division of Natural Resources does not have available to its law-enforcement officers the testing equipment or facilities necessary to conduct any secondary test which a law-enforcement officer may administer under this article, any member of the State Police, the sheriff of the county in which the arrest is made, or any deputy of the sheriff or any municipal law-enforcement officer of another municipality within the county in which the arrest is made may, upon the request of the arresting law-enforcement officer and in his or her presence, conduct a secondary test. The results of the test may be used in evidence to the same extent and in the same manner as if the test had been conducted by the arresting law-enforcement officer. Only the person actually administering or conducting the test is competent to testify as to the results and the veracity of the test.
2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 17C. Traffic Regulations and Laws of the Road › Article 25. Aviation Related Offenses › §17C-25-4. Preliminary Analysis of Breath to Determine Alcoholic Content of Blood

When a law-enforcement officer has reason to believe a person has committed an offense prohibited by 17C-25-2 of this code, the law-enforcement officer may require the person to submit to a preliminary breath analysis for the purpose of determining that persons blood alcohol content. The law-enforcement officer shall administer the breath analysis as soon as possible after he or she has a reasonable belief that the person has been operating an aircraft while under the influence of alcohol, controlled substances, or drugs. Any preliminary breath analysis required under this section shall be administered with a device and in a manner approved by the Bureau of Public Health for that purpose. The results of a preliminary breath analysis shall be used solely for the purpose of guiding the law-enforcement officer in deciding whether an arrest should be made. When a person is arrested following a preliminary breath analysis, the tests shall be administered in accordance with the provisions of this article.