reglab/statecodes huggingface dataset:
2023 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations › Chapter 181 - Nonstock corporations. › 181.1602 - Inspection of records by members.

181.1602
Inspection of records by members.
(1)
Records at principal office. Subject to s. 181.1603 (3), a member is entitled to inspect and copy, at a reasonable time and location specified by the corporation, any of the records of the corporation described in s. 181.1601 (5) if the member gives the corporation written notice or a written demand at least 5 business days before the date on which the member wishes to inspect and copy.
(2)
Other records that may be inspected. A member is entitled to inspect and copy, at a reasonable time and reasonable location specified by the corporation, any of the following records of the corporation if the member meets the requirements of sub. (3) and gives the corporation written notice at least 5 business days before the date on which the member wishes to inspect and copy:
(a)
Excerpts from any records required to be maintained under s. 181.1601 (1), to the extent not subject to inspection under sub. (1).
(b)
Accounting records of the corporation.
(c)
Subject to s. 181.1605, the membership list.
(3)
When other records may be inspected. A member may inspect and copy the records identified in sub. (2) only if all of the following apply:
(a)
The member's demand is made in good faith and for a proper purpose.
(b)
The member describes with reasonable particularity the purpose and the records the member desires to inspect.
(c)
The records are directly connected with this purpose.
(4)
Applicability. This section does not affect any of the following:
(a)
The right of a member to inspect records under s. 181.0720 or, if the member is in litigation with the corporation, to the same extent as any other litigant.
(b)
The power of a court, independently of this chapter, to compel the production of corporate records for examination.
History:  1997 a. 79.
2023 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations › Chapter 181 - Nonstock corporations. › 181.1603 - Scope of inspection rights.

181.1603
Scope of inspection rights.
(1)
Agents and attorneys. A member's agent or attorney has the same inspection and copying rights as the member who the agent or attorney represents.
(2)
Copies. The right to copy records under s. 181.1602 includes, if reasonable, the right to receive copies made by photographic, xerographic, or other means.
(3)
Reasonable charges. The corporation may impose a reasonable charge, covering the costs of labor and material, for copies of any documents provided to the member. The charge may not exceed the estimated cost of production or reproduction of the records.
(4)
Date of membership list. The corporation may comply with a member's demand to inspect the record of members under s. 181.1602 (2) (c) by providing the member with a list of its members that was compiled no earlier than the date of the member's demand.
History:  1997 a. 79.
2023 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations › Chapter 181 - Nonstock corporations. › 181.1604 - Court-ordered inspection.

181.1604
Court-ordered inspection.
(1)
Records at principal office. If a corporation does not allow a member who complies with s. 181.1602 (1) to inspect and copy any records required by that subsection to be available for inspection, the circuit court for the county where the corporation's principal office or, if none in this state, its registered office is located may summarily order inspection and copying of the records demanded at the corporation's expense upon application of the member.
(2)
Other records. If a corporation does not within a reasonable time allow a member to inspect and copy any other record, the member who complies with s. 181.1602 (2) and (3) may apply to the circuit court for the county where the corporation's principal office or, if none in this state, its registered office is located for an order to permit inspection and copying of the records demanded. The court shall dispose of an application under this subsection on an expedited basis.
(3)
Payment of costs. If the court orders inspection and copying of the records demanded, it shall also order the corporation to pay the member's costs, including reasonable attorney fees, incurred to obtain the order unless the corporation proves that it refused inspection in good faith because it had a reasonable basis for doubt about the right of the member to inspect the records demanded.
(4)
Restrictions on distribution of records. If the court orders inspection and copying of the records demanded, it may impose reasonable restrictions on the use or distribution of the records by the demanding member.
History:  1997 a. 79.
2023 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations › Chapter 181 - Nonstock corporations. › 181.1605 - Limitations on use of membership list.

181.1605
Limitations on use of membership list.
Without consent of the board, a membership list or any part of a membership list may not be obtained or used by any person for any purpose unrelated to a member's interest as a member. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, without the consent of the board a membership list or any part of a membership list may not be used for any of the following:
(1)
Solicitation. To solicit money or property unless such money or property will be used solely to solicit the votes of the members in an election to be held by the corporation.
(2)
Commercial purposes. For any commercial purpose.
(3)
Sale of list. To be sold to or purchased by any person.
History:  1997 a. 79.
2023 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations › Chapter 181 - Nonstock corporations. › 181.1620 - Financial statements for members.

181.1620
Financial statements for members.
(1)
Member may demand. A corporation upon written demand from a member shall furnish that member its latest annual financial statements, which may be consolidated or combined statements of the corporation and one or more of its subsidiaries or affiliates, as appropriate, that include a balance sheet as of the end of the fiscal year and statement of operations for that year. If financial statements are prepared for the corporation on the basis of generally accepted accounting principles, the annual financial statements must also be prepared on that basis.
(2)
Certified public accountant's report or officer's statement. If annual financial statements are reported upon by a certified public accountant licensed or certified under ch. 442, the certified public accountant's report must accompany them. If not, the statements must be accompanied by a statement of the president or the person responsible for the corporation's financial accounting records that includes all of the following:
(a)
A statement of the president's or other person's reasonable belief as to whether the statements were prepared on the basis of generally accepted accounting principles and, if not, describing the basis of preparation.
(b)
A description of any respects in which the statements were not prepared on a basis of accounting consistent with the statements prepared for the preceding year.
History:  1997 a. 79; 2001 a. 16.
2023 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations › Chapter 181 - Nonstock corporations. › 181.1621 - Report of indemnification to members.

181.1621
Report of indemnification to members.
If a corporation indemnifies or advances expenses to a director under s. 181.0874, 181.0877 or 181.0881 in connection with a proceeding by or in the right of the corporation, the corporation shall report the indemnification or advance in writing to the members with or before the notice of the next meeting of members.
History:  1997 a. 79.
2023 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations › Chapter 181 - Nonstock corporations. › 181.1701 - Applicability of chapter.

181.1701
Applicability of chapter.
(1)
Domestic corporations.
(a)
Except as provided in par. (b), this chapter applies to all corporations in existence on January 1, 1999, that were incorporated under or have elected to become subject to ch. 181, 1995 stats., and all corporations without stock organized under corresponding prior general corporation laws.
(b)
A domestic corporation without stock not organized as provided under par. (a) is not subject to this chapter but may at any time elect to become subject to this chapter by filing restated articles of incorporation in accordance with the provisions of this chapter. The restated articles shall state that the corporation elects to become subject to this chapter.
(c)
A domestic corporation without stock which is not subject to this chapter and which does not elect to become subject to it may conduct and administer its business and affairs under the provisions of this chapter to the extent that the provisions of this chapter are not inconsistent with the articles or form of organization of such corporation or with any provisions elsewhere in the statutes or under any law relating to such corporation.
(d)
An industrial development agency formed under s. 59.57 (2) shall, to the extent not inconsistent with that subsection, conduct and administer its business in accordance with this chapter.
(2)
Foreign corporations. This chapter applies to all foreign corporations transacting business in this state beginning on January 1, 1999.
History:  1997 a. 79.
2023 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations › Chapter 181 - Nonstock corporations. › 181.1703 - Saving provisions.

181.1703
Saving provisions.
(1)
Effect of repeal. Except as provided in sub. (2), the repeal of a statute by this chapter does not affect any of the following:
(a)
The operation of the statute or any action taken under it before its repeal.
(b)
Any ratification, right, remedy, privilege, obligation, or liability acquired, accrued, or incurred under the statute before its repeal.
(c)
Any violation of the statute or any penalty, forfeiture, or punishment incurred because of the violation, before its repeal.
(d)
Any proceeding, reorganization, or dissolution commenced under the statute before its repeal, and the proceeding, reorganization, or dissolution may be completed in accordance with the statute as if it had not been repealed.
(e)
Any meeting of members or the board or action by written consent noticed or any action taken before its repeal as a result of a meeting of members or a board or action by written consent.
(2)
Penalties and punishments. If a penalty or punishment imposed for violation of a statute repealed by this chapter is reduced by this chapter, the penalty or punishment if not already imposed shall be imposed in accordance with this chapter.
(3)
Reinstatement of dissolved corporation. Section 181.1422 applies to any involuntary or administrative dissolution, even if the dissolution occurred before January 1, 1999.
History:  1997 a. 79; 1999 a. 32.
2023 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations › Chapter 182 - Miscellaneous corporate provisions; turnpike corporations. › 182.005 - Water reservoirs.

182.005
Water reservoirs.
The articles of a corporation organized in whole or in part to establish, maintain or operate a system of water reservoirs for the purpose of regulating the flow of any river in the state shall guarantee to every owner of water power located below the reservoir system, who does not already own his or her quota of stock, the right at any time to purchase from the corporation at par such a proportional share of all of the capital stock of the corporation as the cubic foot storage fall of the water power of the owner shall be of the sum of the cubic foot storage falls of all water powers benefited by the reservoir system. The cubic foot storage fall of any water power is the product of the height expressed in feet of the head obtained or obtainable by the dam at said power, multiplied by the storage capacity expressed in cubic feet of the reservoirs tributary to such power. The articles shall never be amended so as to withdraw said guaranty.
History:  1979 c. 110.
2023 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations › Chapter 182 - Miscellaneous corporate provisions; turnpike corporations. › 182.007 - Charitable corporations and community funds, amending articles.

182.007
Charitable corporations and community funds, amending articles.
(1)
A community fund, community chest or community union corporation of a kind mentioned in sub. (1m) may change substantially the original purposes of its organization upon the affirmative vote of at least two-thirds of its members entitled to vote, at a meeting called for that purpose and in no event shall its purposes be other than charitable.
(1m)
Any nonstock corporation organized solely for charitable purposes and any community fund, community chest or community union corporation, organized for the purpose of raising funds for and serving community and public welfare agencies or services may, in addition to any method provided in its articles of organization, amend its articles at any annual meeting or at any special meeting duly called for that purpose. Notice of the meeting shall be published as a class 2 notice, under ch. 985, the last insertion not less than 20 days prior thereto. The notice shall specify the time and place of such meeting, that such amendment will be proposed and a copy thereof. Unless otherwise provided in the articles 10 members shall constitute a quorum, and the amendment may be adopted by affirmative vote of two-thirds of the members present.
2023 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations › Chapter 182 - Miscellaneous corporate provisions; turnpike corporations. › 182.011 - Corporate powers.

182.011
Corporate powers.
Every corporation may take and acquire by lease, purchase, sale, conveyance or assignment and thereafter own, hold and enjoy any right, privilege or franchise granted to any person by any law of this state where such right, privilege or franchise would be in direct aid of the business of such corporation.
2023 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations › Chapter 182 - Miscellaneous corporate provisions; turnpike corporations. › 182.012 - Special power to transfer property of nonstock corporation.

182.012
Special power to transfer property of nonstock corporation.
(1)
Whenever the board of directors of any domestic corporation organized without capital stock determines that a sale or mortgaging of the whole or any part of its property is desirable, and that by reason of the removal, nonresidence of a great number of its members, or the loss of its records of membership, or other cause, it is impossible to call or hold any regular meeting at which a quorum of the members can be represented in person or by proxy, the board may cause a verified petition to be made in behalf of said corporation and presented to the circuit judge of the county in which said corporation has its location. Such petition shall set forth the date of the organization and the purpose of said corporation, the nature and extent of its property, reasons for the sale or mortgaging of the whole or any part thereof, the facts preventing the calling or holding of a meeting of a quorum of its members and such other matters as may be deemed material. Upon presentation thereof the circuit judge shall by order fix a time and place for a meeting of the members of such corporation and prescribe the time and manner of giving, and contents of a notice of said meeting, and direct the publication thereof as a class 2 notice, under ch. 985, in a newspaper designated in the order.
(2)
Two-thirds of the members present at any meeting so called shall have power to sell, convey or mortgage or authorize to be sold, conveyed or mortgaged the whole or any part of the property described in such petition.
(3)
If such sale or mortgaging be approved or authorized, the officers of said corporation shall cause the petition, the order of the judge, proof by affidavit of the giving of notice of said meeting as required by said order and a certified copy of the minutes of the said meeting to be promptly filed in the office of the clerk of the circuit court of said county upon payment to said clerk of the fees properly chargeable in a special proceeding. Upon such filing, such property may be conveyed or mortgaged with the same right and authority as if such sale or mortgaging had been authorized by a sufficient affirmative vote of all members of said corporation.
2023 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations › Chapter 182 - Miscellaneous corporate provisions; turnpike corporations. › 182.0135 - Public utility corporation directors; not to delegate duty to manage; removal by commission.

182.0135
Public utility corporation directors; not to delegate duty to manage; removal by commission.
(1)
The directors of corporations which are public utilities shall not, directly or indirectly, delegate or in any manner, temporarily or permanently, relinquish or surrender their duty to manage and direct the stock, property, affairs and business of such corporation.
(2)
Any director violating the provisions of this section may be removed by the public service commission, after notice and hearing. If a director of a public utility is removed by the commission, the director shall be ineligible for a period of 2 years to serve as a director of said public utility.
(3)
This section does not apply to a telecommunications utility, as defined in s. 196.01 (10).
History:  1993 a. 482, 496.
2023 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations › Chapter 182 - Miscellaneous corporate provisions; turnpike corporations. › 182.016 - River improvement corporations may flow lands.

182.016
River improvement corporations may flow lands.
Any domestic corporation created in whole or in part for the purpose of improving any stream and driving, holding or handling logs therein, and any corporation owning or controlling dams, booms or improvements designed to accomplish any of said purposes, or any municipality or any domestic corporation organized for the purpose of furnishing electric current for public purposes, shall have the power to acquire all such lands as shall be necessary for its use for ponds and reservoir purposes. Nothing in this section shall be construed as repealing any provision of s. 31.30.
2023 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations › Chapter 182 - Miscellaneous corporate provisions; turnpike corporations. › 182.018 - Wires over railroads.

182.018
Wires over railroads.
(1)
All wires strung over any railroad prior to August 1, 1949, shall be tied to insulators fastened to double cross-arms attached to a pole at each side of the crossing. The poles if of wood shall not be less than 6 inches in diameter at the top (if of other materials at least the equivalent strength thereof), set not less than 5 feet in the ground, securely guyed, and, unless the railroad right-of-way is over 100 feet in width, shall be set not more than 100 feet apart. The cross-arms shall be attached to the poles by machine bolts, and braced by at least one iron brace from each cross-arm to the pole. All wires shall be maintained not less than 25 feet above the rails.
(2)
Any person ordered by the public service commission to change its wires so as to conform to this section failing to comply with such order within 10 days from the service thereof shall forfeit $25, and a like forfeiture for every additional 10 days of noncompliance with the order, unless a greater length of time to make such change shall be granted.
(3)
All wires strung over any railroad on or after August 1, 1949, shall be strung in such a way as to meet requirements of the provisions of the state electrical code promulgated by the public service commission. Any person stringing wires in violation of the code shall be subject to a forfeiture of not more than $100 nor less than $25. Each 10-day period, after the first day, that such violation occurs shall be a separate violation and shall subject the violator to an additional forfeiture of not less than $25 nor more than $100 for each such violation.
(4)
This section applies only to the extent that it is not contrary to or inconsistent with federal law.
History:  1977 c. 29 s. 1654 (10) (b); 1985 a. 187; 2005 a. 179; 2007 a. 63.
2023 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations › Chapter 182 - Miscellaneous corporate provisions; turnpike corporations. › 182.019 - Damages for nondelivery of message or power.

182.019
Damages for nondelivery of message or power.
Persons owning or operating any telegraph, telephone or power transmission line or heat system for public purposes shall be liable for all damages occasioned by the failure or negligence of their operators, servants or employees in receiving, copying, transmitting or delivering dispatches, messages or the furnishing of power to its patrons for public purposes, including damages for mental anguish resulting directly and proximately from or occasioned by such failure or negligence in receiving, copying, transmitting or delivering dispatches or messages, but not to exceed $500 for mental anguish.
2023 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations › Chapter 182 - Miscellaneous corporate provisions; turnpike corporations. › 182.020 - Driving park corporation.

182.020
Driving park corporation.
Notwithstanding ch. 562, any corporation formed under this chapter to establish, maintain and manage any driving park may have grounds and courses for improving and testing the speed of horses and may offer and award prizes for competition; but no racing for any bet or wager shall be allowed; and any such corporation may prevent gambling or betting of any kind, and preserve order on its grounds, and establish rules therefor, and appoint officers and agents who, for that purpose, shall have the power of constables.
History:  1987 a. 354.
2023 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations › Chapter 182 - Miscellaneous corporate provisions; turnpike corporations. › 182.021 - Gun clubs.

182.021
Gun clubs.
Any domestic corporation formed for the purpose of sharpshooting or improving in the use of firearms may acquire suitable grounds therefor, and may establish, use and maintain a rifle range for its exercises. After such grounds and range are permanently located and improved by the erection of buildings, breastworks, ramparts or otherwise, no public street shall be opened through the tract so used or occupied, unless the necessity therefor shall be first established by verdict of a jury; nor shall any suit be maintained against such corporation to restrain, enjoin or impede its exercises at the place so selected on complaint of any private individuals or parties, who shall acquire title to any property adversely affected by such exercises after such grounds and range are permanently located and improved as aforesaid.
2023 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations › Chapter 182 - Miscellaneous corporate provisions; turnpike corporations. › 182.026 - Boards of trade.

182.026
Boards of trade.
An incorporated board of trade shall have the right to establish reasonable bylaws or rules for the government of the business transactions of its members, and to establish committees of reference or arbitration for the determination of differences and controversies according to the usages of other similar bodies. And any award by such committee on arbitration, made according to such bylaws and rules, may be filed in the circuit court of the county and judgment entered thereupon according to the practice and subject to review as provided in case of awards under ch. 788.
History:  1979 c. 32 s. 92 (15).
2023 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations › Chapter 182 - Miscellaneous corporate provisions; turnpike corporations. › 182.027 - Lyceum, libraries and art galleries.

182.027
Lyceum, libraries and art galleries.
Any corporation formed for the establishment and maintenance of lyceums, libraries, art galleries and the like shall have power to make bylaws for the protection of its property, and to provide fines upon its members or patrons for their infraction by way of liquidated damages; and may collect the same in a tort action.
2023 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations › Chapter 182 - Miscellaneous corporate provisions; turnpike corporations. › 182.028 - School corporations.

182.028
School corporations.
Any corporation formed for the establishment and maintenance of schools, academies, seminaries, colleges or universities or for the cultivation and practice of music shall have power to enact bylaws for the protection of its property, and provide fines as liquidated damages upon its members and patrons for violating the bylaws, and may collect the same in tort actions, and to prescribe and regulate the courses of instruction therein, and to confer such degrees and grant such diplomas as are usually conferred by similar institutions or as shall be appropriate to the courses of instruction prescribed, except that no corporation shall operate or advertise a school that is subject to s. 440.52 (10) without complying with the requirements of s. 440.52. Any stockholder may transfer his or her stock to the corporation for its use; and if the written transfer so provides the stock shall be perpetually held by the board of directors with all the rights of a stockholder, including the right to vote.
History:  1979 c. 170; 1997 a. 27; 1999 a. 9; 2005 a. 22, 25, 254; 2017 a. 59.
2023 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations › Chapter 182 - Miscellaneous corporate provisions; turnpike corporations. › 182.029 - Universities and colleges may unite.

182.029
Universities and colleges may unite.
(1)
Any university or college may receive any other university or college, upon resolution of the board of trustees of both institutions, as a branch of the former, and shall be subject to such rules, regulations, agreements and liabilities as may be agreed upon. The receiving university or college may grant such diplomas and confer such degrees as shall be appropriate to courses of instruction prescribed and pursued in such received university or college, and any such university or college so received may upon such terms as shall be agreed to by its corporate members and trustees sell, or give an option to purchase, all its property, business and effects to such receiving college or university.
(2)
Any privately supported school, academy or seminary may receive any other privately supported school, academy or seminary upon resolution of the board of trustees of both institutions, as a branch of the former, and shall be subject to such rules, regulations, agreements and liabilities as may be agreed upon. Any such privately supported school, academy or seminary so received may, upon such terms as shall be agreed to by two-thirds of its corporate members and trustees, convey all its property, business and effects to such receiving school, academy or seminary.
2023 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations › Chapter 182 - Miscellaneous corporate provisions; turnpike corporations. › 182.030 - Corporations having church affiliations.

182.030
Corporations having church affiliations.
Whenever any corporation shall be formed for the benefit of, or be in any manner connected with, any church or religious denomination or society, its articles of organization may provide that it shall be under the supervision and control of such church, denomination or society; and that the officers or trustees be communicants thereof.
2023 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations › Chapter 182 - Miscellaneous corporate provisions; turnpike corporations. › 182.031 - Railway equipment companies.

182.031
Railway equipment companies.
(1)
Directors; stocks; bonds. The board of directors of any corporation organized under the laws of this state for the purpose of buying, selling, leasing or in any manner dealing in railway cars, locomotive engines or other railway equipment may classify or divide its property into series or classes, and suitably designate each such series or class; and may, by a resolution, ratified by vote of a majority of its common stock, authorize the issue of a special or a preferred stock based in whole or in part upon any such class or series, with such provision as to preference dividends out of the earnings of or profits upon the property of the series or class upon which such stock is based, and with such voting power, if any, and other such rights and provisions generally as may be defined in said resolution; and such stock may be issued in as many classes or series as the said corporation may have classes or series of equipment property, and in such amount as to each series or class as may be stated in said resolution, and the same may be issued from time to time and sold or disposed of in such manner and upon such terms as said board shall determine; and every such corporation shall have the power to issue, in like manner, its bonds or obligations for such amount and upon such terms as shall be defined by the resolution, and may secure the same by mortgage or deed of trust upon all of its property then owned or thereafter to be acquired, or upon any one or more of the classes or series of its property, or it may issue and secure both said general and special bonds or obligations in like manner.
(2)
Powers; place of business. Every such corporation shall possess all the rights and powers conferred upon corporations by chs. 180 and 201. It may have its principal place of business without the state. If its principal place of business is outside the state, process in actions against it may be served as provided in s. 180.1510 for service on a foreign stock corporation authorized to transact business in this state.
History:  1989 a. 303; 1995 a. 27; 1997 a. 79, 140; 1999 a. 32, 150.
2023 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations › Chapter 182 - Miscellaneous corporate provisions; turnpike corporations. › 182.104 - Title to property after dissolution.

182.104
Title to property after dissolution.
(1)
Whenever any domestic corporation shall have been dissolved, owning any real property in this state, the resolution of dissolution required by s. 182.103, 1953 stats., to be recorded with the register of deeds of the county in which such corporation is located, or in the case of any corporation which was dissolved prior to June 29, 1945, owning any interest in real estate, the affidavit of the person who was the president or the secretary of such corporation at the date of its dissolution stating the names of the persons holding stock in said corporation and the number of shares or proportional interest of said persons in the corporate property at such date, when recorded with the register of deeds of the county in which such corporation was located, shall be prima facie evidence of the title of said persons in said corporate property.
(2)
This section shall not affect the rights of creditors of the corporation, and shall not apply where any court has made disposition of the property, or where the property has been conveyed by the corporation, or distributed among the stockholders, and the conveyance is of record in the office of the register of deeds.
History:  1983 a. 192 s. 304.
2023 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations › Chapter 182 - Miscellaneous corporate provisions; turnpike corporations. › 182.202 - Mutual telecommunications company; quorum; proxies.

182.202
Mutual telecommunications company; quorum; proxies.
At any meeting of the stockholders of a farmers' mutual telecommunications company, members representing 20 percent of the outstanding stock, shall constitute a quorum. Any member may hold and vote the proxy of not exceeding 3 stockholders.
History:  1985 a. 297 s. 76; 1999 a. 83; 2009 a. 177.
2023 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations › Chapter 182 - Miscellaneous corporate provisions; turnpike corporations. › 182.219 - Mutual telecommunications company; dividends.

182.219
Mutual telecommunications company; dividends.
No dividend in excess of 7 percent of its capital shall be paid in any year by any farmers' mutual telecommunications company.
History:  1985 a. 297 s. 76; 1999 a. 83; 2009 a. 177.
2023 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations › Chapter 182 - Miscellaneous corporate provisions; turnpike corporations. › 182.220 - Examination by attorney general and legislature.

182.220
Examination by attorney general and legislature.
The attorney general, whenever required by the governor, shall examine into the affairs of any corporation in this state and report in writing a detailed statement of the facts to the governor, who shall lay the same before the legislature, and for that purpose the attorney general may conduct hearings and examine the vaults, books, papers and documents belonging to such corporation or pertaining to its affairs and condition; and the legislature, or either house thereof, shall have like power at all times, and for that purpose any legislative committee may examine any person in relation to the affairs and condition of such corporation, and its vaults, safes, books, papers and documents, and compel the production of all keys, books, papers and documents by contempt proceedings.
History:  1983 a. 36 s. 96 (2).
2023 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations › Chapter 182 - Miscellaneous corporate provisions; turnpike corporations. › 182.23 - Facsimile signatures on corporate obligations.

182.23
Facsimile signatures on corporate obligations.
On any bond, note or debenture issued by a corporation organized or created under the laws of this state which is countersigned or otherwise authenticated by the signature of a trustee acting in connection with the issuance, the signatures of the officers of the corporation and its seal may be facsimiles. If any officer who has signed or whose facsimile signature has been placed upon a bond, note or debenture has ceased to be such officer before such bond, note or debenture is issued, it may be issued by the corporation with the same effect as if the former officer were such officer at the date of its issue.
History:  1993 a. 482.
2023 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations › Chapter 182 - Miscellaneous corporate provisions; turnpike corporations. › 182.24 - Transfers from joint tenants.

182.24
Transfers from joint tenants.
If any security issued by a corporation, whether or not organized or created under the laws of this state, is registered in the names of 2 or more individuals who are named in the registration as joint tenants, then any bank, broker, issuer, transfer agent or purchaser for value, acting either within or without this state in connection with a sale, exchange, transfer, redemption or retirement of such security, incurs no liability by treating the interest created by the registration as a joint tenancy and, if one or more of the named individuals is deceased, incurs no liability by treating the survivor or survivors as the owner or owners unless the bank, broker, issuer, transfer agent or purchaser for value has actual knowledge of a contrary adjudication under s. 867.04.
History:  1971 c. 40 s. 93; 1971 c. 307 s. 118; 1987 a. 27.
2023 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations › Chapter 182 - Miscellaneous corporate provisions; turnpike corporations. › 182.25 - Stock transfers on books, how compelled.

182.25
Stock transfers on books, how compelled.
Whenever it is made to appear to the circuit court by affidavit or otherwise that the proper officer or agent of an issuer, in violation of the issuer's duty under s. 408.401 (1) has neglected or refused for 2 days after proper demand to register the transfer of a security, the court immediately shall issue an order requiring the officer or agent to show cause why the officer or agent should not register the transfer of the security. The court shall in the order prescribe the manner of its service and the date, not more than 10 days after the date of the order, when the issuer's officer or agent must show cause before the court. Unless the officer or agent at that time shows to the satisfaction of the court why the transfer should not be registered, the court shall order the officer or agent to register the transfer at a time and place the court deems reasonable.
History:  1993 a. 482.
2023 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations › Chapter 182 - Miscellaneous corporate provisions; turnpike corporations. › 182.31 - Definitions.

182.31
Definitions.
As used in ss. 182.30 to 182.48, the following words and terms shall have the following meanings, unless the context shall indicate another or different meaning or intent:
(1)
“Corporation" or “turnpike corporation" means any corporation organized not for profit and without stock for the purposes and with the powers set forth hereunder.
(2)
“Cost" as applied to a turnpike project shall embrace the cost of construction, including bridges over or under existing highways and railroads, the cost of acquisition of all land, rights-of-way, property, rights, easements and interests acquired by the corporation for such construction, the cost of demolishing or removing any buildings or structures on land so acquired, including the cost of acquiring any lands to which such buildings or structures may be moved, the cost of diverting highways, interchange of highways, access roads to private property, including the cost of land or easements therefor, the cost of all machinery and equipment, financing charges, interest prior to, during and after construction, cost of traffic estimates and of engineering and legal expenses, plans, specifications, surveys, estimates of costs and revenues, other expenses, necessary or incidental to determining the feasibility or practicability of constructing any such project, administrative expenses, and such other expenses as may be necessary or incident to the construction of the project, the financing of such construction and the placing of the project in operation.
(3)
“Owner" includes all individuals, partnerships, associations, or corporations having any title or interests in any property, right, easement and interest authorized and required to be taken under authority of ss. 182.30 to 182.48.
(4)
“Project" or “turnpike project" means any highway, express highway, superhighway or motorway constructed under the provisions of ss. 182.30 to 182.48, including all bridges, tunnels, overpasses, underpasses, interchanges, entrance plazas, approaches, toll houses, service stations, weighing stations, administration, storage and other buildings and facilities which the corporation may deem necessary for the operation of the project, together with all property, rights, easements and interests which may be acquired by the corporation for the construction or the operation of the project.
(5)
“Revenues" shall mean all tolls, rentals, gifts, grants, moneys, and all other forms of property coming into the possession or under the control of the corporation by virtue of the terms and provisions hereof, except the proceeds from the sale of bonds issued under the provisions of ss. 182.30 to 182.48.
History:  1983 a. 189; 1993 a. 490.
2023 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations › Chapter 182 - Miscellaneous corporate provisions; turnpike corporations. › 182.35 - Acquisition of lands and interests therein.

182.35
Acquisition of lands and interests therein.
(1)
Turnpike corporations may acquire by gift, devise, purchase or condemnation any lands determined by them to be necessary for establishing, laying out, widening, enlarging, extending, constructing, reconstructing, improving and maintaining its project including lands which may be necessary for toll houses and appropriate concessions and for any other purpose authorized by ss. 182.30 to 182.48. Title may be acquired in fee simple and any other interest in lands may be acquired as may be deemed expedient or necessary by the corporation. Any lands determined to be unneeded by the corporation may be sold by the corporation at public or private sale with or without restrictions or reservations concerning the future use and occupation of such lands so as to protect the project and improvements and their environs and to preserve the view, appearance, light, air and usefulness of the project.
(2)
If the lands or interests therein cannot be purchased expeditiously for a reasonable price, the corporation may acquire the same by condemnation under ch. 32.
2023 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations › Chapter 182 - Miscellaneous corporate provisions; turnpike corporations. › 182.36 - Authority to construct grade separations and relocate public roads, streets, highways, railroads and public utilities.

182.36
Authority to construct grade separations and relocate public roads, streets, highways, railroads and public utilities.
(1)
It is declared that the construction of modern toll roads in this state is in the promotion of public and social welfare and for the benefit of public travel. It is recognized that in the construction of such highways, it will become necessary to make changes and adjustments in the lines and grades of public roads, streets, highways, railroads and public utility systems and, in some instances, to relocate the same.
(2)
In the furtherance of the public interest, the corporation is hereby granted the authority to construct grade separations at intersections of any turnpike project with public roads, streets, highways and railroads and to change and adjust the lines and grades of public roads, streets and highways, and, if necessary, to relocate the same. Such changes in public roads, streets and highways shall be made with the approval of the appropriate governmental highway or street authority. If the corporation and local authority cannot agree in any matter, such changes may be made with the consent of the department of transportation. The cost of the grade separations and changes and any damages incurred thereby shall be ascertained and paid by the turnpike corporation as a part of the cost of such turnpike project.
(3)
The corporation may enter into contracts with public utilities, including railroads, for the removal or change in location of the lines of such public utilities where the same is deemed necessary by the corporation in the construction of the project. Such contracts shall be for the payment of damages caused the utilities by the relocation of their lines. In the event the corporation and the utility are unable to reach an agreement, the public service commission shall direct the manner, location and time allowed for the change in the utility line and the corporation shall be liable for the reasonable costs of such change. In the event the public utility fails to comply with the order of the public service commission it shall be liable to the corporation for all damages occasioned by such failure.
History:  1977 c. 29 s. 1654 (8) (c).
2023 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations › Chapter 182 - Miscellaneous corporate provisions; turnpike corporations. › 182.37 - Rights of public utilities.

182.37
Rights of public utilities.
All public utilities shall have the right to cross the lands or easements of the corporation with any lines at such reasonable place and in such reasonable manner, either over or under the project, as the corporation may direct upon payment of damages to the corporation. In cases of dispute, utilities shall have the right to condemn easements under ch. 32 but such easements shall not conflict with the planned operation, or operation of the project.
2023 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations › Chapter 182 - Miscellaneous corporate provisions; turnpike corporations. › 182.38 - Entry upon lands.

182.38
Entry upon lands.
The turnpike corporation by its authorized agents and employees may enter upon any lands in the state for the purpose of making such surveys and examinations as are necessary or proper for the purposes of ss. 182.30 to 182.48. Such entry shall not be deemed a trespass nor entry under any kind of condemnation proceedings which may be then pending. The corporation shall make reimbursement for any actual damage resulting to such lands or premises and to private property located on the same as a result of such activities.
2023 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations › Chapter 182 - Miscellaneous corporate provisions; turnpike corporations. › 182.39 - Use of state lands.

182.39
Use of state lands.
This state, subject to the approval of the governor, hereby consents to the use of all lands owned by it, including lands lying under water which are necessary or proper for the operation and construction of any turnpike project provided adequate compensation is made for such use.
2023 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations › Chapter 182 - Miscellaneous corporate provisions; turnpike corporations. › 182.40 - Toll exemptions.

182.40
Toll exemptions.
(1)
The following government agencies are to be exempt from the payment of tolls: All armed forces of the United States including the Wisconsin national guard and national guard units from other states; the Wisconsin state defense force; and civilian defense organizations.
(2)
When not traveling on an emergency mission the corporation shall have the power to designate the time of such use, the length and timing of convoys, serials and march units, rate of march, and intervals, and make such other requirements as may be necessary to properly control traffic in the interest of general safety and convenience of travel.
(3)
The corporation shall have the power to exempt law enforcement officers and those operating emergency vehicles from the payment of tolls upon such conditions as it may direct.
History:  1987 a. 63 s. 13; 1997 a. 35.
2023 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations › Chapter 182 - Miscellaneous corporate provisions; turnpike corporations. › 182.41 - Corporation to be nonprofit.

182.41
Corporation to be nonprofit.
All turnpike corporations shall be nonprofit corporations, that is, corporations formed without capital stock, operated not for profit and exclusively for the purposes set forth in ss. 182.30 to 182.48 and which declare no dividend, benefit or pecuniary profit to be paid to or received by any of their members, directors or officers.
2023 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations › Chapter 182 - Miscellaneous corporate provisions; turnpike corporations. › 182.43 - Underpass authorized.

182.43
Underpass authorized.
Wherever a turnpike project divides the land of one owner so as to prevent ingress to and egress from said lands, the corporation is authorized to provide an underpass or culvert sufficient to provide ingress and egress between said lands. Plans for the existence of an underpass shall be admissible in evidence in condemnation proceedings.
2023 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations › Chapter 182 - Miscellaneous corporate provisions; turnpike corporations. › 182.45 - Reports.

182.45
Reports.
On or before the first day of February of each year, the corporation shall make an annual report of its activities for the preceding calendar year to the department of financial institutions. Each such report shall set forth a complete operating and financial statement covering its operations during the year. The corporation shall cause an audit of its books to be made at least once each year by certified public accountants and the cost thereof may be treated as a part of the cost of the construction or of operations of the project.
History:  1995 a. 27.
2023 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations › Chapter 182 - Miscellaneous corporate provisions; turnpike corporations. › 182.46 - Tax exemptions.

182.46
Tax exemptions.
The exercise of the powers granted by ss. 182.30 to 182.48 will be in all respects for the benefit of the people of this state, for the increase of their commerce and prosperity and for the improvement of their health and living conditions. Therefore the corporation shall not be required to pay any taxes or assessments upon any turnpike project or any property acquired or used by the corporation under the provisions of ss. 182.30 to 182.48 or upon the income therefrom, and the bonds issued under the provisions of ss. 182.30 to 182.48, their transfer and the income from the bonds, including any profit made on the sale of the bonds, shall at all times be free from taxation within this state.
History:  1999 a. 83.
2023 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations › Chapter 182 - Miscellaneous corporate provisions; turnpike corporations. › 182.47 - Motor vehicle laws to apply.

182.47
Motor vehicle laws to apply.
(1)
The provisions of chs. 86, 341 to 349 and 351 relative to the operation of motor vehicles on highways and the protection of public highways including the weight restriction laws shall be applicable to turnpikes and for the purpose of these laws, turnpikes shall be deemed to be public highways. Turnpikes shall be considered as class “A" highways under s. 348.15 and all limitations on the use of such class “A" highways shall be applicable. Turnpikes shall not be subject to traffic control by any local governmental ordinance or rule.
(2)
The corporation is authorized to hire suitable persons to enforce the statutes referred to in sub. (1), and, upon approval of the governor, they are vested for that purpose with the powers of state traffic officers. Such authority shall be evidenced by the governor's certificate of approval.
History:  1979 c. 333 s. 5.