2023 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations › Chapter 422 - Consumer credit transactions. › 422.204 - Deferral charges.

422.204
Deferral charges.
(1)
With respect to a precomputed consumer credit transaction, the parties may at any time agree in writing to a deferral of all or part of one or more unpaid installments, and the creditor may make and collect a charge but:
(a)
With respect to a precomputed transaction which is scheduled to be repaid in substantially equal successive installments at approximately equal intervals, if the deferral is made as of an installment due date and the payment dates for all wholly unpaid installments are deferred for one or more full installment periods and the maturity is extended for a corresponding period, the deferral charge shall not exceed the portion of the precomputed finance charge attributable to the final installment of the original schedule of payments multiplied by the total number of installments to be deferred and by the number of full installment periods in the deferment period; or
(b)
If the deferral is not made pursuant to par. (a) the deferral charge shall not exceed the rate previously disclosed to the customer pursuant to the provisions on disclosure in subch. III, applied to the amount or amounts deferred for the period of deferral calculated without regard to differences in the lengths of months, but proportionally for a part of a month, counting each day as one-thirtieth of a month.
(2)
A deferral charge may be collected at the time it is assessed or at any time thereafter.
(3)
The deferment period is that period of time in which no payment is required or made by reason of the deferral.
(4)
Any payment received at the time of the deferment may be applied first to the deferral charge and the remainder, if any, to the unpaid balance of the transaction, but if such payment is sufficient to pay, in addition to the appropriate delinquency charge, any installment which is in default, it shall be first so applied, and such installment shall not then be deferred or subject to the deferral charge.
(5)
No installment on which a delinquency charge has been collected shall be deferred or included in the computation of the deferral unless such delinquency charge is refunded to the customer or credited to the deferral charge.
(6)
In addition to the deferral charge, the merchant may make appropriate additional charges as provided in s. 422.202. The amount of such charges which is not paid in cash may be added to the amount deferred for the purpose of calculating the deferral.
(7)
(am)
In addition to any requirements of form established by the administrator, a deferral agreement shall meet all of the following requirements:
1.
The agreement shall be in writing and signed by the customer.
2.
The agreement shall incorporate by reference the transaction to which the deferral applies.
3.
The agreement shall state each installment or part thereof in the amount to be deferred, the date or dates originally payable and either the date or dates agreed to become payable for the payment of the amounts deferred or the periods of deferral.
4.
The agreement shall clearly set forth the dollar amount of the charge for each installment to be deferred and the total dollar amount to be paid by the customer for the deferral.
(e)
This subsection does not apply to deferral charges made under sub. (8).
(8)
The parties may agree in writing at the time of a precomputed consumer transaction, refinancing or consolidation that if an installment is not paid within 30 days after its due date, the creditor at any time may unilaterally grant a deferral and make charges as provided in this section if a notice is sent to the customer at least 10 days prior to deferral advising the customer of the total dollar amount of the deferral charge and the periods of deferral, but such deferral shall not be allowed if the customer has a valid claim or defense against the creditor for the payment not made. Only one such unilateral deferral on a consumer credit transaction may be made during any 12-month period.
(9)
No deferral charge may be made for a period after the date that the creditor elects to accelerate the maturity of the agreement.
(10)
A violation of this section is subject to s. 425.304.
History:  1971 c. 239; 1973 c. 3; 1991 a. 316; 1999 a. 85.
Legislative Council Note, 1973: Clarifies the meaning of ss. 422.204 (5) and (6). The reference in sub. (5) to “partial payment" is phrased in a manner which infers that part of an installment cannot be deferred. However, this is not the case; see s. 422.204 (1) (intro.), which clearly allows the deferment of part of an installment. This change also has a minor substantive effect—the deferral charge on the deferment of part of an installment will always have to be calculated using the rate of finance charge previously disclosed to the buyer [s. 422.204 (1) (b)], rather than possibly refunding the partial payment and calculating the deferral charge using the “unit" method [s. 422.204 (1) (a)] if the transaction otherwise qualifies for such treatment.
The cross-reference language added in sub. (6) has the effect of specifying with greater exactitude those additional charges allowable in a deferral situation. [Bill 432-A]