2023 Wyoming Statutes › Title 35 - Public Health and Safety › Chapter 11 - Environmental Quality › Article 4 - Land Quality › Section 35-11-404 - Drill Holes to Be Capped, Sealed or Plugged.

35-11-404. Drill holes to be capped, sealed or plugged.
(a) All drill holes sunk in the exploration for locatable or leasable minerals on all lands within the state of Wyoming shall be capped, sealed or plugged in the manner described hereinafter by or on behalf of the discoverer, locator or owner who drilled the hole. Prospecting and exploration drill holes shall include all drill holes except those drilled in conjunction with the expansion of an existing mine operation or wells or holes regulated pursuant to W.S. 30-5-101 through 30-5-204.
(b) "Person" means any person, firm, association or corporation who drills or is responsible for drilling holes for the purpose of exploration or development of these minerals.
(c) "Plugging, sealing and capping upon abandonment" means any hole drilled shall be abandoned in the following manner:
(i) "Plugging". All artesian flow of ground water to surface shall be eliminated by a cement plug or other similar material sufficient to prevent such artesian flow;
(ii) "Sealing". Drill holes which have encountered any ground water shall be sealed by leaving a column of drilling mud in the hole or by such other sealing procedure which is adequate to prevent fluid communication between aquifers;
(iii) "Surface Cap". Each drill hole is to be completely filled to the collar of the hole or securely capped at a minimum depth of two (2) feet below either the original land surface or the collar of the hole, whichever is at the lower elevation. If capped, the cap is to be made of concrete or other material satisfactory for such capping. The hole shall be backfilled above the cap to the original land surface;
(iv) "Water Well". If any holes drilled are to be ultimately used as or converted to water wells, the user shall comply with the applicable provisions of W.S. 41-3-911 through 41-3-938;
(v) "Surface Restoration". Each drill site shall be restored as nearly as possible to its original condition, including reseeding if grass or other crop was destroyed.
(d) Within sixty (60) days after the completion and abandonment of any hole drilled which has artesian flow at the surface, the person for whom the hole was drilled shall report the existence of the hole to the administrator, land quality division and the state engineer. The report, set forth in affidavit form, shall contain at least the location of the hole to the nearest two hundred (200) feet, the depth of the hole and estimated rate of flow, if known, and the facts of the plugging technique used.
(e) Within twelve (12) months after the completion and proper abandonment of any hole drilled any person shall file with the administrator, land quality division and the state engineer a report which shall include the location of each hole, utilizing Wyoming state plane coordinates, and the depth of each hole drilled. The reports shall be confidential for a period of five (5) years from the date of filing. The period may be extended for additional five (5) year periods upon request of the person filing the report. When a report is no longer confidential pursuant to this subsection, the provisions of W.S. 35-11-1101 shall apply.
(f) Where plugging reports are required to conform with federal regulations, and if such reports cover all the requirements of this section, they are adequate for the purposes described herein.
(g) Except for drilling in conjunction with coal mining or coal exploration operations, the director in consultation with the administrator, land quality division, may waive any of the administrative provisions of this act pertaining to aquifers following a formal written application for a waiver of any particular provisions, if in the opinion of the director waiver of any such provisions shall not adversely affect the interests of the state of Wyoming and would create an undue hardship upon application. Waivers shall be in writing and may be appealed under the provisions of the Wyoming Administrative Procedure Act.
(h) The drill hole should be capped immediately following the drilling and probing. If it is necessary to temporarily delay the capping or keep the hole open for any reason, the drill hole must be securely covered in a manner which will prevent injury to persons or animals.
(j) Before drilling on lands within the state of Wyoming, any person conducting coal exploration operations shall give notice to the administrator which shall, at a minimum include a legal description of the area, the approximate number of holes to be drilled and a reclamation plan for proper abandonment in accordance with regulations promulgated by the council. This excludes drilling within an existing permit area approved prior to August 3, 1977.
(k) Except as follows, any person who fails or refuses to comply with the provisions of this section is guilty of a misdemeanor and on conviction is subject to imprisonment in a county jail for not more than ninety (90) days or a fine of not more than five thousand dollars ($5,000.00), or both. Any person who drills in conjunction with coal mining or coal exploration operations in violation of this section or regulations promulgated pursuant hereto is subject to the provisions of W.S. 35-11-901.
(m) When exploratory drill holes have been abandoned in violation of these provisions, the director in consultation with the administrator, land quality division may then cause such holes to be capped, sealed or plugged and the state of Wyoming is granted a cause of action against the person refusing to comply with the provisions of this section for the recovery of the reasonable costs incurred by the director in having the holes properly capped, sealed or plugged.
(n) All actions pursuant to subsection (k) or (m) of this section, must be initiated by the state of Wyoming within three (3) years of the date of the report required by subsection (d) of this section.