2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 48. Domestic Relations › Article 27. Prevention and Treatment of Domestic Violence › §48-27-505. Time Period a Protective Order Is in Effect; Extension of Order; Notice of Order or Extension

(a) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (d), section four hundred one of this article, a protective order, entered by the family court pursuant to this article, is effective for either ninety days or one hundred eighty days, in the discretion of the court. Upon receipt of a written request for renewal from the petitioner prior to the expiration of the original order, the family court shall extend its order for an additional ninety-day period.
(b) Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection (a), the court may enter a protective order for a period of one year if the court finds by a preponderance of the evidence, after a hearing that any of the following aggravating factors are present:
(1) That there has been a material violation of a previously entered protective order;
(2) That two or more protective orders have been entered against the respondent within the previous five years;
(3) That respondent has one or more prior convictions for domestic battery or assault or a felony crime of violence where the victim was a family or household member;
(4) That the respondent has committed a violation of the provisions of section nine-a, article two, chapter sixty-one of this code against a person protected by an existing order of protection; or
(5) That the totality of the circumstances presented to the court require a one year period in order to protect the physical safety of the petitioner or those persons for whom a petition may be filed as provided in subdivision (2), section three hundred five of this article.
(c) The court may extend a protective order entered pursuant to subsection (b) of this section for whatever period the court considers necessary to protect the physical safety of the petitioner or those persons for whom a petition may be filed as provided in subdivision (2), section three hundred five of this article, if the court finds by a preponderance of evidence, after a hearing of which respondent has been given notice, that:
(1) A material violation of the existing protective order has occurred; or
(2) Respondent has committed a material violation of a provision of a final order entered pursuant to subsection (c), section six hundred eight, article five of this chapter has occurred.
(d) To be effective, a written request to renew a ninety or one hundred eighty-day order must be submitted to the court prior to the expiration of the original order period. A notice of the extension shall be sent by the clerk of the court to the respondent by first-class mail, addressed to the last known address of the respondent as indicated by the court file. The extension of time is effective upon mailing of the notice.
(e) Certified copies of any order entered or extension notice made under the provisions of this section shall be served upon the respondent by first class mail, addressed to the last known address of the respondent as indicated by the court file, and delivered to the petitioner and any law-enforcement agency having jurisdiction to enforce the order, including the city police, the county sheriff's office or local office of the West Virginia State Police within twenty-four hours of the entry of the order. The protective order shall be in full force and effect in every county of this state.
(f) The family court may modify the terms of a protective order upon motion of either party.
(g) The clerk of the circuit court shall cause a copy of any protective order entered by the family court pursuant to the provisions of this article or pursuant to the provisions of chapter forty-eight of this code to be forwarded to the magistrate or magistrate court clerk and the magistrate or magistrate court clerk shall forward a copy of the protective order to the appropriate state and federal agencies for registration of domestic violence offenders as required by state and federal law.