reglab/statecodes huggingface dataset:
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 5.1 - Aviation › Chapter 1 - Aircraft, Airmen and Airports Generally › § 5.1-25.3. When permit issued or denied; conditions to issuance

The Board, if it finds that the erection of such structure will not be dangerous to aircraft using the airways of this Commission, shall issue the permit requested; but if it shall find that the erection of such structure will create a hazard to aircraft using such airways, it shall refuse the issuance of such a permit. The Board may, as a condition to the issuance of any permit, require the installation and maintenance of warning lights and any other devices which may be reasonably required to reduce the hazard which might be presented by the erection of such structure.
1968, c. 744.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 5.1 - Aviation › Chapter 1 - Aircraft, Airmen and Airports Generally › § 5.1-25.4. Injunctions

If any person commences the erection of a structure of the nature described in § 5.1-25.1 without securing the permit therein required, the Department shall have power to apply forthwith to the circuit court of the jurisdiction in which the structure is located or is to be located, for injunctive relief.
1968, c. 744; 1979, c. 272.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 5.1 - Aviation › Chapter 2.1 - Virginia Airports Revolving Fund › § 5.1-30.1. Definitions

As used in this chapter, unless the context requires otherwise:
"Authority" means the Virginia Resources Authority created in Chapter 21 (§ 62.1-197 et seq.) of Title 62.1.
"Cost," as applied to any project financed under the provisions of this chapter, means the total of all costs incurred by the local government as reasonable and necessary for carrying out all works and undertakings necessary or incident to the accomplishment of any project. It includes, without limitation, all necessary developmental, planning and feasibility studies, surveys, plans and specifications; architectural, engineering, financial, legal or other special services; the cost of acquisition of land and any buildings and improvements thereon, including the discharge of any obligations of the sellers of such land, buildings or improvements; site preparation and development, including demolition or removal of existing structures; construction and reconstruction; labor; materials, machinery and equipment; the reasonable costs of financing incurred by the local government in the course of the development of the project; carrying charges incurred before placing the project in service; interest on funds borrowed to finance the project to a date subsequent to the estimated date the project is to be placed in service; necessary expenses incurred in connection with placing the project in service; the funding of accounts and reserves which the Authority may require; and the cost of other items which the Authority determines to be reasonable and necessary.
"Fund" means the Virginia Airports Revolving Fund created by this chapter.
"Local government" means any county, city, town, municipal corporation, authority, district, commission or political subdivision created by the General Assembly or pursuant to the Constitution or laws of the Commonwealth or any combination of any two or more of the foregoing.
"Project" means all or any part of an airport as defined in § 5.1-1 and may consist of or include any or all facilities related to the needs or convenience of passengers, shipping companies, and airlines, together with any or all buildings or other structures, improvements, additions, extensions, replacements, machinery or equipment, and any or all appurtenances, lands, rights in land, avigation rights, water rights, rights-of-way, franchises, furnishings, landscaping, utilities, approaches, roadways, or other facilities necessary or desirable in connection therewith or incidental thereto.
1999, c. 897.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 5.1 - Aviation › Chapter 2.1 - Virginia Airports Revolving Fund › § 5.1-30.2. Creation and management of Virginia Airports Revolving Fund

There shall be set apart as a permanent and perpetual fund, to be known as the "Virginia Airports Revolving Fund," sums appropriated to the Fund by the General Assembly, all receipts by the Fund from loans made by it to local governments, all income from the investment of moneys held in the Fund, and any other sums designated for deposit to the Fund from any source public or private, including without limitation any federal grants, awards or other forms of assistance received by the Commonwealth that are eligible for deposit therein under federal law. The Authority shall administer and manage the Fund, and establish the interest rates and repayment terms of such loans as provided in this chapter, in accordance with a memorandum of agreement with the Board. The Board shall direct the distribution of loans from the Fund to particular local governments. Consistent with this chapter, the Board shall, after consultation with all interested parties, develop a guidance document governing project eligibility and project priority criteria. In order to carry out the administration and management of the Fund, the Authority, in consultation with the Board, is granted the power to employ officers, employees, agents, advisers and consultants, including, without limitation, attorneys, financial advisers, engineers and other technical advisers and public accountants and, the provisions of any other law to the contrary notwithstanding, to determine their duties and compensation without the approval of any other agency or instrumentality. The Authority may disburse from the Fund its reasonable costs and expenses incurred in the administration and management of the Fund and a reasonable fee to be approved by the Board for its management services.
1999, c. 897.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 5.1 - Aviation › Chapter 2.1 - Virginia Airports Revolving Fund › § 5.1-30.3. Deposit of money; expenditures; investments

All money belonging to the Fund shall be deposited in an account or accounts in banks or trust companies organized under the laws of the Commonwealth or in national banking associations located in Virginia or in savings institutions located in Virginia organized under the laws of the Commonwealth or the United States. The money in these accounts shall be paid by check signed by the Executive Director of the Authority or other officers or employees designated by the Board of Directors of the Authority. All deposits of money shall, if required by the Authority, be secured in a manner determined by the Authority to be prudent, and all banks, trust companies and savings institutions are authorized to give security for the deposits. Money in the Fund shall not be commingled with other money of the Authority. Money in the Fund not needed for immediate use or disbursement may be invested or reinvested by the Authority in obligations or securities which are considered lawful investments for public funds under the laws of the Commonwealth.
1999, c. 897.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 5.1 - Aviation › Chapter 2.1 - Virginia Airports Revolving Fund › § 5.1-30.4. Collection of money due Fund

The Authority is empowered to collect, or to authorize others to collect on its behalf, amounts due to the Fund under any loan to a local government, including, if appropriate, taking the action required by § 15.2-2659 to obtain payment of any amounts in default. Proceedings to recover amounts due to the Fund may be instituted by the Authority in the name of the Fund in the appropriate circuit court.
1999, c. 897.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 5.1 - Aviation › Chapter 2.1 - Virginia Airports Revolving Fund › § 5.1-30.6. Pledge of loans to secure bonds of Authority

The Authority is empowered at any time and from time to time to pledge, assign or transfer from the Fund to banks or trust companies designated by the Authority any or all of the assets of the Fund to be held in trust as security for the payment of the principal of, premium, if any, and interest on any or all of the bonds, as defined in § 62.1-199, issued to finance any project. The interests of the Fund in any assets so transferred shall be subordinate to the rights of the trustee under the pledge, assignment or transfer. To the extent funds are not available from other sources pledged for such purpose, any of the assets or payments of principal and interest received on the assets pledged, assigned or transferred or held in trust may be applied by the trustee thereof to the payment of the principal of, premium, if any, and interest on such bonds of the Authority secured thereby, and, if such payments are insufficient for such purpose, the trustee is empowered to sell any or all of such assets and apply the net proceeds from the sale to the payment of the principal of, premium, if any, and interest on such bonds of the Authority. Any assets of the Fund pledged, assigned or transferred in trust as set forth above and any payments of principal, interest or earnings received thereon shall remain part of the Fund but shall be subject to the pledge, assignment or transfer to secure the bonds of the Authority and shall be held by the trustee to which they are pledged, assigned or transferred until no longer required for such purpose by the terms of the pledge, assignment or transfer.
1999, c. 897.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 5.1 - Aviation › Chapter 2.1 - Virginia Airports Revolving Fund › § 5.1-30.7. Sale of loans

The Authority is empowered at any time and from time to time to sell, upon such terms and conditions as the Authority shall deem appropriate, any loan, or interest therein, made pursuant to this chapter. The net proceeds of sale remaining after the payment of the costs and expenses of the sale shall be designated for deposit to, and become part of, the Fund.
1999, c. 897.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 5.1 - Aviation › Chapter 2.1 - Virginia Airports Revolving Fund › § 5.1-30.9. Report to the General Assembly and Governor

The Board, in conjunction with the Authority, shall report annually on or before December 1 to the General Assembly and the Governor on all loans made from the Fund.
1999, c. 897; 2005, c. 633.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 5.1 - Aviation › Chapter 2.1 - Virginia Airports Revolving Fund › § 5.1-30.10. Liberal construction of chapter

The provisions of this chapter shall be liberally construed to the end that its beneficial purposes may be effectuated. Insofar as the provisions of this chapter are inconsistent with the provisions of any other law, general, special or local, the provisions of this chapter shall be controlling.
1999, c. 897.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 5.1 - Aviation › Chapter 3 - Municipal and County Airports and Other Air Navigation Facilities › § 5.1-31. Authority to acquire, construct, maintain and operate; permission of Department required

All cities, incorporated towns and counties of the Commonwealth may acquire, by purchase, lease, gift, condemnation or otherwise, within or without the limits of any such city, town or county, whatever land may be reasonably necessary for the purpose of establishing, constructing, owning, controlling, leasing, equipping, improving, maintaining and operating airports for the use of airplanes; may acquire, establish, construct, enlarge, improve, maintain, equip, operate and regulate the use of such airports or landing fields, structures, air navigation facilities and other property incident thereto; may make, prior to such acquisition, investigation, surveys and plans and enter upon any lands or waters for such purposes; may construct, install, maintain and operate facilities for the servicing of aircraft, and for the accommodation and comfort of air travelers; may purchase and sell equipment and supplies as an incident to the operation of its airport properties; provided, that in the case of any county, the exercise of such authority beyond its territorial boundaries shall be only with the consent of the governing body of the political subdivision in which the power is sought to be exercised; provided, however, that no such city, town or county shall establish or operate any airport without first obtaining the permission of the Board, as now or hereafter provided by law.
The governing body of a county, city, or town may create an airport authority that shall be empowered on behalf of such county, city, or town to have and exercise the powers and rights set out in this section.
Code 1950, §§ 5-20, 5-29; 1966, c. 576; 1979, c. 272; 1995, c. 453.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 5.1 - Aviation › Chapter 3 - Municipal and County Airports and Other Air Navigation Facilities › § 5.1-32. Easements and privileges outside of airport or landing field boundaries

Where necessary to provide unobstructed airspace for the landing and taking off of aircraft utilizing airports or landing fields acquired or operated by any county, city or town under the provisions of this article, any such county, city or town may acquire, in the same manner as is provided for the acquisition of land for airport purposes, easements through or other interests or privileges with respect to lands or waters outside the boundaries of such airports or landing fields which are necessary to insure safe approaches to such airports or landing fields and the safe and efficient operation thereof; and may also acquire in like manner, for a term of years or perpetually, the right of easement to place and maintain suitable signs or markers or lights to adequately locate and mark objects or structures or uses of lands which are hazardous to aircraft using such airports or landing fields, including the right of ingress and egress to and from such airport hazards for the purpose of maintaining and repairing such signs, markers and lights.
Code 1950, § 5-21; 1966, c. 576.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 5.1 - Aviation › Chapter 3 - Municipal and County Airports and Other Air Navigation Facilities › § 5.1-33. Public purpose declared

Any lands, easements or privileges acquired, owned, controlled or occupied by any cities, incorporated towns and counties of the Commonwealth under the provisions of this article are hereby declared to be acquired, owned, controlled or occupied for a public purpose, and as a matter of public necessity; and such lands, easements and privileges so acquired, owned, controlled or occupied are hereby declared to be acquired, owned, controlled or occupied for public, governmental and municipal purposes, and to be within the definition of property acquired for public uses as such term is used in Article I, Section 11 of the Constitution of Virginia.
Code 1950, §§ 5-22, 5-30; 1966, c. 576; 1971, Ex. Sess., c. 26.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 5.1 - Aviation › Chapter 3 - Municipal and County Airports and Other Air Navigation Facilities › § 5.1-34. Acquisition of property; exercise of right of eminent domain

Private property needed by any city, incorporated town or county for an airport or landing field shall be acquired by purchase, if the city, town or county is able to agree with the owners on the terms thereof. The cities, incorporated towns or counties are hereby granted full power to exercise the right of eminent domain in the acquisition of any lands, easements and privileges that are necessary for airport and landing field purposes. Proceedings for the acquisition of such lands, easements and privileges by condemnation may be instituted and conducted in the name of such county, city or town, and the procedure shall be mutatis mutandis the same as in the acquisition of land by condemnation proceedings instituted by railroads and may acquire in like manner, for a term of years or perpetually, the right of easement to remove and control the growth of any tree or vegetation standing or growing in said land outside the boundaries of any airport or landing field and the right of easement to place and maintain suitable signs or markers or lights to adequately locate and mark objects or structures that are hazardous to aircraft using such airports or landing fields, of ingress and egress to and from such airport hazards for the purpose of maintaining and repairing such signs, markers and lights and cutting of trees or other growing vegetation penetrating the approach and departure slope easement. The right of condemnation granted herein shall be subject to the same provisions as are provided in § 25.1-102 concerning the condemnation of property belonging to a corporation possessing the power of eminent domain by another public service corporation.
Code 1950, §§ 5-23, 5-31; 1966, c. 576; 2003, c. 940.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 5.1 - Aviation › Chapter 3 - Municipal and County Airports and Other Air Navigation Facilities › § 5.1-35. Powers may be exercised jointly by two or more political subdivisions

All powers, rights, and authority granted to counties, cities, and towns under this article may be exercised and enjoyed jointly by any two or more of such political subdivisions within or without the territorial limits of either or any of them, or if one or more of such political subdivisions is a county, then within such county or one of such counties, and the political subdivisions so acting jointly may enter into such agreements with each other as may be necessary or proper for the exercise and enjoyment of the joint powers hereby granted, and for joint action in carrying out the general purposes of this article. The powers granted by this section shall include the power to seek and obtain loans for the purpose of capital improvements to any airport or landing field established pursuant to this article.
Code 1950, § 5-24; 1966, c. 576; 1989, c. 234.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 5.1 - Aviation › Chapter 3 - Municipal and County Airports and Other Air Navigation Facilities › § 5.1-36. Agreement for joint exercise of powers; governing board, etc., to act on behalf of political subdivisions; powers of board, etc.

The agreement provided for in § 5.1-35 may provide for the creation of a governing board, commission, authority or body empowered to have and exercise, on behalf of the several political subdivisions which are parties to such agreement, the powers, rights and authority conferred on such political subdivisions by this article. Members of the governing bodies of the several political subdivisions may serve as a member of a board, commission, authority or body formed pursuant to § 5.1-35. Such agreement shall specify the name of the board, commission, authority or body and its composition and prescribe its powers and duties which may include powers to establish, construct, manage, and operate an airport, acquire, hold and dispose of property but on behalf of the several political subdivisions, including the exercise on their behalf of the power of eminent domain. If any such board, commission, authority or body is created, all proceedings in connection with the establishment, construction, management and operation of the airport, including application for and issuance of any license required therefor, shall be in its name. The intent of § 5.1-35 and this section is that any such board, commission, authority or body established by two or more political subdivisions or through action of the General Assembly may have the same powers granted to a city, town and county but in no case will such powers be greater than those granted to a city, town or county. Any joint airport authority created pursuant to this chapter and in existence on July 1, 1994, shall be continued in lawful existence under the terms and provisions of this chapter even though all the political subdivisions except one withdraw from the joint airport authority.
Code 1950, § 5-24.1; 1958, c. 523; 1966, c. 576; 1970, c. 717; 1993, c. 81; 1995, c. 453.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 5.1 - Aviation › Chapter 3 - Municipal and County Airports and Other Air Navigation Facilities › § 5.1-36.1. Contributions by counties to construction of certain airports

The governing body of any county is authorized to make appropriations of public funds to contribute to the initial construction of an airport by a city or town adjoining such county or by a city or town within a county adjoining such county.
Code 1950, § 5-24.2; 1966, c. 415.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 5.1 - Aviation › Chapter 3 - Municipal and County Airports and Other Air Navigation Facilities › § 5.1-37. Public waters and submerged lands

The powers herein granted to counties, cities and towns include the power to establish, maintain and operate airports and landing areas and other air navigation facilities in, over and upon any public waters of this Commonwealth, or any submerged land under such public waters, within the limits or jurisdiction of or bordering on such counties, cities or towns.
Code 1950, § 5-26; 1966, c. 576.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 5.1 - Aviation › Chapter 3 - Municipal and County Airports and Other Air Navigation Facilities › § 5.1-39. Use, disposal and termination of rights acquired

No easements, rights or privileges acquired under the terms of this article by any county, city or town shall be employed or disposed of except to accomplish the purposes for which they were originally acquired; except that when such easements, rights, or privileges have been transferred to the Virginia Aviation Board, they may be held, used, and disposed of in accordance with §§ 5.1-2.2 and 5.1-2.2:1. Upon the abandonment of any airport or landing field acquired pursuant to this article all easements, rights and privileges which shall have been so acquired over or with respect to adjacent lands shall thereupon terminate and revert back to the person from whom the easement, right or privilege was obtained or his successor in interest.
Code 1950, § 5-28; 1966, c. 576; 1980, c. 721.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 5.1 - Aviation › Chapter 3 - Municipal and County Airports and Other Air Navigation Facilities › § 5.1-39.1. Use of airport property for industrial development purposes

Notwithstanding § 5.1-39, any county, city, town, or airport commission may use, lease or convey for any industrial development purposes any airport property described in § 5.1-39 with the written approval of the Director of Aviation on such terms and conditions as the Director may require. When any easement, rights, or privileges have been pledged as a sponsor's share to secure funds from the Federal Aviation Administration, written approval of the Federal Aviation Administration shall also be required.
1980, c. 59.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 5.1 - Aviation › Chapter 3 - Municipal and County Airports and Other Air Navigation Facilities › § 5.1-40. Lease of land acquired; approval by Department

Any political subdivision or privately owned, licensed public use airport acquiring land under the provisions of this article may individually, or jointly where so operated, lease the same, or any part thereof, to any individual or corporation desiring to use the same for the purpose of operating an airport or landing field, or for the purpose of landing or starting airplanes therefrom or for other aviation purposes, and on such terms and subject to such conditions and regulations as may be provided; and any political subdivision or privately owned, licensed public use airport may enter into a contract in the form of a lease providing for the use of such land, or any part thereof, by the government of the United States for the use by the government of such land for aviation, mail delivery or other aviation purposes upon nominal or other rental or without consideration, provided the political subdivision or privately owned, licensed public use airport certifies that the lease meets the terms and provisions of any and all state and federal grants.
Code 1950, § 5-38; 1966, c. 576; 1979, c. 272; 2012, cc. 28, 805, 836.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 5.1 - Aviation › Chapter 3 - Municipal and County Airports and Other Air Navigation Facilities › § 5.1-41. Operation by local governing body or special officer or board

The governing body, or other proper authority, of a county, city, or town which has established an airport or landing field and acquired, leased, or set apart property for such purpose, may construct, improve, equip, maintain and operate the same, or may vest jurisdiction for the construction, improvement, equipment, maintenance and operation thereof in any suitable officer, board or body of such county, city, or town. A member of the governing body of any such county, city, or town may also serve as a member of any board or body established to manage an airport or landing field. No such city, town or county, however, shall operate an airport without first obtaining the permission of the Board as now or hereafter provided by law. In addition to other powers conferred by this section, any such governing body or other authority of a county, city, or town shall have the power to seek and obtain loans for the purpose of capital improvements to any airport or landing field established pursuant to this article.
Code 1950, § 5-34; 1966, c. 576; 1979, c. 272; 1989, c. 234; 1993, c. 81.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 5.1 - Aviation › Chapter 3 - Municipal and County Airports and Other Air Navigation Facilities › § 5.1-41.1. Local governing bodies authorized to require boarding fee

The governing body of any county, city or town which operates an airport or an airport authority, after approval of its governing bodies, shall have the power by ordinance or by bylaw to require a boarding fee on passengers boarding aircraft at local airports, where the trip of such passenger originates at such airport. Such fee shall be in such amount and on such terms as the governing body of the locality or airport authority may by ordinance or by bylaw prescribe, not to exceed two dollars per person. Nothing herein contained shall affect any authority heretofore granted to any local government or airport authority to require a boarding fee.
1973, c. 536.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 5.1 - Aviation › Chapter 3 - Municipal and County Airports and Other Air Navigation Facilities › § 5.1-42. Payment of purchase price or award for land acquired; issuance of bonds

The purchase price or award for real property acquired for an airport or landing field may be paid for by the appropriation of moneys available therefor or wholly or partly paid from the proceeds of the sale of bonds of the city, town or county as the governing body of the city, town or county shall determine. Such city, town or county is hereby authorized to issue bonds for such purpose or purposes, subject, however, to the approval of such bond issue at a referendum thereon, if such approval is a prerequisite to the issuance of bonds by any such political subdivision of the Commonwealth for public purposes generally.
Code 1950, § 5-33; 1966, c. 576.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 5.1 - Aviation › Chapter 3 - Municipal and County Airports and Other Air Navigation Facilities › § 5.1-43. Expenses of construction, operation, etc., to be paid by political subdivision

The expenses of such construction, improvement, equipment, maintenance and operation shall be paid by such political subdivision, from available funds, subject to all applicable constitutional provisions.
Code 1950, § 5-35; 1966, c. 576.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 5.1 - Aviation › Chapter 3 - Municipal and County Airports and Other Air Navigation Facilities › § 5.1-44. Rules and regulations; fees and charges

The governing body of such city, town or county, or a board, commission, authority or body created under § 5.1-36, may adopt regulations not in conflict with the rules and regulations adopted and promulgated by the Board from time to time and establish fees or other charges for the use of such airport or landing field or may authorize an officer representing such city, town, county, board, commission, authority or body to adopt such regulations and establish such fees and charges.
Code 1950, § 5-36; 1966, c. 576; 1970, c. 717; 1979, c. 272.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 5.1 - Aviation › Chapter 3 - Municipal and County Airports and Other Air Navigation Facilities › § 5.1-45. Appropriations by local authorities

The governing body of any city, town or county to which this chapter is applicable may appropriate or cause to be raised by taxation in such city, town or county a sum sufficient to carry out the provisions of this chapter.
Code 1950, § 5-39; 1966, c. 576.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 5.1 - Aviation › Chapter 3 - Municipal and County Airports and Other Air Navigation Facilities › § 5.1-46. Receipt and handling of federal and other funds

Any county, city or town in Virginia may accept, receive and receipt for federal moneys, and other moneys, either public or private, for the acquisition, construction, enlargement, improvement, maintenance and operation of airports and landing fields and other air navigation facilities, and is authorized and empowered to comply with the provisions of the laws of the United States and any rules and regulations made thereunder for the expenditure of federal moneys in connection with such airports, landing fields and air navigation facilities.
Code 1950, § 5-25; 1966, c. 576; 1979, c. 272; 1988, c. 70.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 5.1 - Aviation › Chapter 3 - Municipal and County Airports and Other Air Navigation Facilities › § 5.1-47. Project and application to be approved by Department

Notwithstanding any other provision of law, no county, city or town, whether acting alone or jointly with another county, city or town or with the Commonwealth, shall submit to the Federal Aviation Administration of the United States any project application under the provisions of any act of Congress which provides airport construction, planning and development funds for the expansion and improvement of the airport system insofar as such act shall pertain to the Commonwealth of Virginia, unless the project and the project application have been first approved by the Department.
Code 1950, § 5-39.1; 1966, c. 576; 1972, c. 374; 1979, c. 272.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 5.1 - Aviation › Chapter 4 - Commonwealth Transportation Board › § 5.1-49. Roads to airports and landing fields; cooperation with Department as to aviation facilities

The Department of Transportation is authorized to build roads to airports and landing fields open to public use, and may pay out of highway funds, which have been allocated by the Commonwealth Transportation Board, the cost of such roads. The Department of Transportation may, in cooperation with the Department of Aviation and either on an actual cost or contract basis, construct, maintain and improve airports, landing fields and other aviation facilities licensed for public use, the actual cost thereof to the Department of Transportation to be paid by the Department of Aviation.
Code 1950, § 5-40; 1966, c. 576; 1979, c. 272; 2013, cc. 585, 646.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 5.1 - Aviation › Chapter 4 - Commonwealth Transportation Board › § 5.1-50. Flight strips, airfields and roads requested by federal agency

In order to further the interests of national security, the Commonwealth Transportation Board may, at the request of the Army and Navy Departments, Federal Highway Administration or other agency of the United States, construct and maintain, or cooperate with any such federal agency in the construction and maintenance of flight strips, airfields, and roads leading thereto from public highways. To carry out this purpose the Department, acting through the Commissioner of Highways may acquire in the name of the Commonwealth by gift or purchase or by the exercise of the power of eminent domain such real property, or interest therein, including the rights in the air above real property, as may be needed for such flight strips, airfields and roads. The exercise of the power of eminent domain hereby conferred shall be in the same manner and pursuant to the same procedure that is now, or may hereafter be, provided by law for the acquisition of real property by the Commissioner of Highways for highway purposes, and in order that the construction work may proceed without delay, the Department may, in the same manner and under the same conditions and procedure as is provided in the case of real property needed for highway purposes, enter upon and take possession of such real property as may be needed for the purposes of this section, and proceed with the construction work prior to the acquisition of title to the property in condemnation proceedings. In carrying out the purposes of this section, the Department may expend only such funds as may be provided for such purposes by the federal government.
If requested to do so by the federal agency which provided the funds with which the Department acquired the property for any such flight strips, airfields or roads, the Department may authorize and direct the Commissioner of Highways to convey, by deed executed in the name of the Commonwealth, such property to the United States to be used in the interests of national security. If title to such property is retained by the Commonwealth, the Department may authorize any agency of the United States to use such property to further the interest of national security. Whenever the Department finds that property heretofore or hereafter acquired by it for any such flight strips, airfields or roads is no longer needed for the purpose for which it was acquired, it may sell the same for such consideration as it deems adequate to any private person, firm or corporation and may authorize and direct the Commissioner of Highways to execute a deed in the name of the Commonwealth conveying such property to the purchaser. The proceeds from any such sale shall be paid into the treasury of Virginia to the credit of the highway fund unless the terms of any grant to the Department or the Commonwealth provide otherwise, in which case such proceeds shall be disposed of in accordance with the terms of such grant.
Code 1950, § 5-41; 1966, c. 576; 1979, c. 272.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 5.1 - Aviation › Chapter 5 - Special Fund for Administration of Aviation Laws › § 5.1-51. Special fund accumulated from taxes, fees, etc.

All funds accumulated from any special sales tax, excise tax or use tax, now or which may hereafter be imposed under the laws of this Commonwealth on aviation motor fuel purchased or used in this Commonwealth in the propulsion of aircraft, and all funds heretofore or hereafter accumulated from any fees for licensing or registering of airmen, aircraft and airports, now or hereafter imposed under the laws of this Commonwealth, and all funds heretofore, and which may hereafter be, appropriated to the Department for the purpose of the promotion and development of aviation and airports, including the expense of the administration by the Department of the laws pertaining to aviation, as now or as may be hereafter enacted, and the jurisdiction for the administration thereof conferred on the Department, are hereby constituted a special fund within the Commonwealth Transportation Fund for the administration of the aviation laws, heretofore or hereafter enacted, insofar as the administration has been, or shall be, imposed upon the Department, for the construction, maintenance and improvement of airports and landing fields and for the promotion of aviation in the interest of operators and in the interest of the public. However, of the moneys expended for the construction, maintenance and improvement of airports at least thirty-five percent thereof computed over a period of three years shall be expended on carrier and reliever airports. Beginning July 1, 1998, any balances remaining in this fund at the end of the year shall be available for use in subsequent years for the purposes set forth in this chapter, and any interest income on such fund shall accrue to the fund.
In considering or evaluating the application for or award of any grant of moneys under this section, the Board shall take into account the capacities of all airports within the affected geographic region.
Code 1950, § 5-42; 1966, c. 576; 1970, c. 717; 1974, c. 388; 1979, c. 272; 1997, c. 423; 1998, c. 480.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 5.1 - Aviation › Chapter 5 - Special Fund for Administration of Aviation Laws › § 5.1-52. Expenditure for planning, construction and maintenance of airports and landing fields

Such special fund shall be expended and disbursed by order of the Department, through the medium of warrants drawn by the Comptroller, for the reasonable and necessary costs of administration of the Department and for the planning, construction, maintenance and improvement of airports and landing fields, to which the public now has, or which it is proposed shall have, access, and for the promotion of aviation in the interest of operators generally. Such expenditures and disbursements may be in the form of grants or loans to such person or persons as may be, in the discretion of the Board, entitled thereto in the interest of the public. Such grants or loans shall be made under such terms and conditions, as may be fixed by the Board and, in the case of loans, the rate of interest and the terms of repayment thereof as may be fixed by the Board.
In considering or evaluating the application for or award of any grant of moneys under this section, the Board shall take into account the capacities of all airports within the affected geographic region.
Code 1950, § 5-43; 1966, c. 576; 1970, c. 717; 1979, c. 272; 1998, c. 480.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 5.1 - Aviation › Chapter 5 - Special Fund for Administration of Aviation Laws › § 5.1-53. Segregation and expenditure of amounts derived from taxes on motor fuel

The special fund created and provided for in § 5.1-51 shall be so set up on the books of the Comptroller as to segregate the amounts paid into the fund as a direct tax upon aviation motor fuel purchased by operators of airplanes and aircraft, and no portion of such fund, accumulated in the manner hereinbefore provided, shall ever be used for any other purpose than for the administration of the aviation laws and the construction, maintenance and improvement of airports and landing fields, and no portion of the same shall be covered into the general fund of the state treasury, such funds derived in the manner aforesaid being hereby irrevocably appropriated for promotion of aviation in the interest of operators and of the public, as provided in this chapter, and to the extent necessary only, for the administration of this and other aviation laws.
Code 1950, § 5-44; 1966, c. 576; 1970, c. 717.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 5.1 - Aviation › Chapter 5 - Special Fund for Administration of Aviation Laws › § 5.1-55. Recurring expenditures on airports and landing fields

No part of such special fund shall be used for recurring expenditures on any airport or landing field under this chapter; except that recurring expenditures may be made where the Department deems such expenditure to be necessary for the preservation of the safety of the public.
Code 1950, § 5-46; 1966, c. 576; 1979, c. 272.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 5.1 - Aviation › Chapter 8.1 - Financial Responsibility › § 5.1-88.1. Proof of financial responsibility to be furnished for each aircraft

No aircraft, as defined in § 5.1-1 except a public aircraft or a balloon shall be registered by the Department unless and until the applicant thereof furnishes proof of financial responsibility in the amounts required by this chapter for each aircraft for which a registration is applied for.
Code 1950, § 5.1-83; 1968, c. 773; 1970, c. 707; 1979, c. 272; 1988, c. 588; 2017, c. 793.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 5.1 - Aviation › Chapter 8.1 - Financial Responsibility › § 5.1-88.2. What constitutes proof of financial responsibility

A. The following shall constitute proof of financial responsibility as required by § 5.1-88.1:
1. The issuance, by an insurance company licensed to write such insurance in this Commonwealth, of a policy or policies of bodily injury and property damage liability insurance, or a policy or policies written pursuant to Chapter 48 (§ 38.2-4805.1 et seq.) of Title 38.2 that provide coverage with respect to each such aircraft in the amount of $50,000 because of bodily injury to or death of one person in any one accident, including passenger liability, and $100,000 because of bodily injury to or death of two or more persons in any one accident, including passenger liability, and to a limit of $25,000 because of injury to or destruction of property of others in any one accident; or a single limit policy in the sum of $250,000, covering bodily injury and property damage liability in any one accident, including passenger liability of $50,000 per passenger seat; or
2. The execution of a bond by the registrant and by a surety company authorized to transact business in this Commonwealth conditioned for payment in amounts and under the same circumstances as would be required in a policy of bodily injury liability and property damage liability insurance, as required by the provisions of subdivision A 1; or
3. The delivery to the Department of $250,000 in cash or an irrevocable letter of credit in the amount of $250,000 from a depository institution as defined in § 2.2-4701. Such money or securities so delivered to the Department shall be placed by it in the custody of the State Treasurer and shall be subject to execution to satisfy any judgment within the limits on amounts required by this chapter for personal injury and property damage liability insurance.
B. Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection A of this section, for an aircraft commonly known as an "ultralight," as the same is now and may hereafter be defined by the Federal Aviation Administration, the proof of financial responsibility required by § 5.1-88.1 may be satisfied by the issuance as to that aircraft of a single limit insurance policy in the sum of $100,000 covering bodily injury and property damage liability in any one accident, that is issued by an insurance company licensed to write such insurance in this Commonwealth or written pursuant to Chapter 48 (§ 38.2-4805.1 et seq.) of Title 38.2.
Code 1950, § 5.1-84; 1968, c. 773; 1970, c. 707; 1979, c. 272; 1984, c. 169; 1992, c. 810; 2005, c. 451; 2007, c. 207; 2017, c. 793.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 5.1 - Aviation › Chapter 8.1 - Financial Responsibility › § 5.1-88.3. Certain sections of Code incorporated by reference; definitions

The provisions of §§ 46.2-424, 46.2-447, 46.2-448, 46.2-449, 46.2-450, 46.2-451, 46.2-452, 46.2-456, 46.2-457, 46.2-458, 46.2-461, and 46.2-463 shall apply to all policies of insurance or other evidence of financial responsibility furnished hereunder except that whenever the word "Commissioner" appears in any of said sections it shall be taken to mean the Director of the Department of Aviation; and whenever the word "Department" or "Department of Motor Vehicles" appears, it shall be taken to mean as well the Department of Aviation.
Code 1950, § 5.1-86; 1968, c. 773; 1970, c. 707; 1979, c. 272.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 5.1 - Aviation › Chapter 8.1 - Financial Responsibility › § 5.1-88.4. Cancellation of insurance or corporate surety bond

No policy of insurance or corporate surety bond issued pursuant to this chapter may be canceled or terminated, except for nonpayment of premiums, until at least thirty days after notice of cancellation or termination of said policy of insurance or corporate surety bond has been filed in the office of the Department, except that a subsequent policy or corporate surety bond procured and certified to the Department shall on the effective date thereof terminate the insurance or corporate surety bond previously in effect with respect to any aircraft designated in both policies or corporate surety bonds.
Code 1950, § 5.1-87; 1968, c. 773; 1970, c. 707; 1979, c. 272.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 5.1 - Aviation › Chapter 8.1 - Financial Responsibility › § 5.1-88.6. Parachute jump training schools; disclosure of liability insurance coverage; penalty

A. Every person operating a parachute jump training school in the Commonwealth shall disclose to his students whether he has obtained, and is maintaining, personal injury liability insurance, as defined in § 38.2-117, for the benefit and protection of such students during their training.
B. The disclosure required by this section shall be in writing and provided to every student prior to the commencement of any training.
C. Any person failing to provide the disclosure required by this section shall be guilty of a Class 3 misdemeanor.
1993, c. 46.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 5.1 - Aviation › Chapter 8.2 - Financial Responsibility of Owners of Airports and Landing Areas Required to Be Licensed › § 5.1-88.7. Proof of financial responsibility to be furnished for licensed airports or landing areas

No airport or landing area shall be licensed by the Department unless and until the applicant thereof furnishes proof of financial responsibility at least in the amounts required by this chapter. Private-use airports required to be licensed by virtue of being located within five miles of a licensed public-use airport shall not be required to provide proof of financial responsibility.
1995, cc. 682, 690; 2007, c. 206.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 5.1 - Aviation › Chapter 8.2 - Financial Responsibility of Owners of Airports and Landing Areas Required to Be Licensed › § 5.1-88.8. What constitutes proof of financial responsibility

The following shall constitute proof of financial responsibility as required by § 5.1-88.7:
1. The issuance, by an insurance company licensed to write such insurance in the Commonwealth, of a policy of bodily injury and property damage liability insurance or a policy or policies written pursuant to Chapter 48 (§ 38.2-4805.1 et seq.) of Title 38.2, which provide coverage with respect to each airport or landing area in the amount of one million dollars covering bodily injury and property damage liability in any one accident; or
2. The delivery to the Department of one million dollars cash or in securities such as fiduciaries may invest in as provided by §§ 64.2-1502 through 64.2-1505. Such money or securities so delivered to the Department shall be placed by it in the custody of the State Treasurer and shall be subject to execution to satisfy any judgment within the limits on amounts required by this chapter for personal injury and property damage liability insurance.
1995, cc. 682, 690.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 5.1 - Aviation › Chapter 8.2 - Financial Responsibility of Owners of Airports and Landing Areas Required to Be Licensed › § 5.1-88.9. Certain sections of Code incorporated by reference; definitions

The provisions of §§ 46.2-424, 46.2-447 through 46.2-452, 46.2-456 through 46.2-458, 46.2-461, and 46.2-463 shall apply to all policies of insurance or other evidence of financial responsibility hereunder except that whenever the word "Commissioner" appears in any of said sections it shall be taken to mean the Director of the Department of Aviation; and whenever the word "Department" or "Department of Motor Vehicles" appears, it shall also be taken to mean the Department of Aviation and "vehicle" or "motor vehicle" shall be taken to mean "aircraft."
1995, cc. 682, 690.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 5.1 - Aviation › Chapter 8.2 - Financial Responsibility of Owners of Airports and Landing Areas Required to Be Licensed › § 5.1-88.10. Cancellation of insurance

No policy of insurance issued pursuant to this chapter may be canceled or terminated, except for nonpayment of premiums, until at least thirty days after notice of cancellation or termination of said policy of insurance has been filed in the office of the Department, except that a subsequent policy procured and certified to the Department shall on the effective date thereof terminate the insurance previously in effect with respect to any airport designated in both policies. If a policy is canceled for nonpayment of premiums, notice of cancellation shall be filed in the office of the Department.
1995, cc. 682, 690.