reglab/statecodes huggingface dataset:
2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 39A. Electronic Commerce › Article 4. Uniform Real Property Electronic Recording Act › §39A-4-4. Recording of Documents

(a) In this section, "paper document" means a document that is received by the county clerk in a form that is not electronic.
(b) A county clerk:
(1) Who implements any of the functions listed in this section shall do so in compliance with standards established by the Real Property Electronic Recording Standards Advisory Committee pursuant to 39A-4-5 of this code;
(2) May receive, index, store, archive, and transmit electronic documents;
(3) May provide for access to, and search and retrieval of, documents and information by electronic means;
(4) Who accepts electronic documents for recording shall continue to accept paper documents as authorized by state law and shall place entries for both types of documents in the same index;
(5) May convert paper documents accepted for recording into electronic form;
(6) May convert information recorded before the clerk began to record electronic documents into electronic form;
(7) May accept electronically any fee or tax relating to electronic recording of real property documents that the clerk is authorized to collect; and
(8) May agree with other officials of a state or a political subdivision thereof, or of the United States, on procedures or processes to facilitate the electronic satisfaction of prior approvals and conditions precedent to recording and the electronic payment of fees and taxes.
2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 39A. Electronic Commerce › Article 4. Uniform Real Property Electronic Recording Act › §39A-4-7. Relation to Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act

This article modifies, limits, and supersedes the federal Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act (15 U.S.C. 7001,
et seq.
) but does not modify, limit or supersede 101(c) of that act (15 U.S.C. 7001(c)) or authorize electronic delivery of any of the notices described in 103(b) of that act (15 U.S.C. 7003(b)).
2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 39B. Uniform Power of Attorney Act › Article 1. General Provisions › §39B-1-103. Applicability

This act applies to all powers of attorney except:
(1) A power to the extent it is coupled with an interest in the subject of the power, including a power given to or for the benefit of a creditor in connection with a credit transaction;
(2) A power to make health-care decisions;
(3) A proxy or other delegation to exercise voting rights or management rights with respect to an entity; and
(4) A power created on a form prescribed by a government or governmental subdivision, agency or instrumentality for a governmental purpose.
2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 39B. Uniform Power of Attorney Act › Article 1. General Provisions › §39B-1-106. Validity of Power of Attorney

(a) A power of attorney executed in this state on or after the effective date of this act is valid if its execution complies with 39B-1-105 of this code.
(b) A power of attorney executed in this state before the effective date of this act is valid if its execution complied with the law of this state that existed at the time of execution.
(c) A power of attorney executed other than in this state is valid in this state if, when the power of attorney was executed, the execution complied with:
(1) The law of the jurisdiction that determines the meaning and effect of the power of attorney pursuant to 39B-1-107 of this code; or
(2) The requirements for a military power of attorney pursuant to 10 U. S. C. 1044b.
(d) Except as otherwise provided by statute other than this act, a photocopy or electronically transmitted copy of an original power of attorney has the same effect as the original.
(e) Notwithstanding the provisions of 39B-1-102 of this code, the fact that a person is either detained, including being incarcerated in a penal system, or is outside the United States and unable to return, does not create an inference that the person lacks the capacity to execute a power of attorney.
2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 39B. Uniform Power of Attorney Act › Article 1. General Provisions › §39B-1-108. Nomination of Conservator or Guardian; Relation of Agent to Court-Appointed Fiduciary

(a) In a power of attorney, a principal may nominate a conservator of the principal's estate or guardian of the principal's person for consideration by the court if protective proceedings for the principal's estate or person are begun after the principal executes the power of attorney. In the protective proceedings the court shall consider the nomination in accordance with the provisions of section eight, article two, chapter forty-four-a of this code.
(b) If, after a principal executes a power of attorney, a court appoints a conservator of the principal's estate or other fiduciary charged with the management of some or all of the principal's property, the agent is accountable to the fiduciary as well as to the principal. Unless otherwise ordered by the court making the appointment, the power of attorney and the agent's authority thereunder terminates upon the appointment.
2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 39B. Uniform Power of Attorney Act › Article 1. General Provisions › §39B-1-109. When Power of Attorney Effective

(a) A power of attorney is effective when executed unless the principal provides in the power of attorney that it becomes effective at a future date or upon the occurrence of a future event or contingency.
(b) If a power of attorney becomes effective upon the occurrence of a future event or contingency, the principal, in the power of attorney, may authorize one or more persons to determine in a writing or other record that the event or contingency has occurred.
(c) If a power of attorney becomes effective upon the principal's incapacity and the principal has not authorized a person to determine whether the principal is incapacitated, or the person authorized is unable or unwilling to make the determination, the power of attorney becomes effective upon a determination in a writing or other record by:
(1) A physician or licensed psychologist that the principal is incapacitated within the meaning of section one hundred two (5) (A) of this article; or
(2) An attorney at law, a judge or an appropriate governmental official that the principal is incapacitated within the meaning of section one hundred two (5) (B) of this article.
(d) A person authorized by the principal in the power of attorney to determine that the principal is incapacitated may act as the principal's personal representative pursuant to the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, §1171 through §1179 of the Social Security Act, 42 U. S. C. §1320d, and applicable regulations, to obtain access to the principal's health-care information and communicate with the principal's health-care provider.
2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 39B. Uniform Power of Attorney Act › Article 1. General Provisions › §39B-1-110. Termination of Power of Attorney or Agent's Authority

(a) A power of attorney terminates when:
(1) The principal dies;
(2) The principal becomes incapacitated, if the power of attorney is not durable;
(3) The principal revokes the power of attorney;
(4) The power of attorney provides that it terminates;
(5) The purpose of the power of attorney is accomplished; or
(6) The principal revokes the agent's authority or the agent dies, becomes incapacitated, or resigns, and the power of attorney does not provide for another agent to act under the power of attorney.
(b) An agent's authority terminates when:
(1) The principal revokes the authority;
(2) The agent dies, becomes incapacitated, or resigns;
(3) An action is filed for the dissolution or annulment of the agent's marriage to the principal or their legal separation, unless the power of attorney otherwise provides; or
(4) The power of attorney terminates.
(c) Unless the power of attorney otherwise provides, an agent's authority is exercisable until the authority terminates pursuant to this section, notwithstanding a lapse of time since the execution of the power of attorney.
(d) Termination of an agent's authority or of a power of attorney is not effective as to the agent or another person that, without actual knowledge of the termination, acts in good faith under the power of attorney. An act so performed, unless otherwise invalid or unenforceable, binds the principal and the principal's successors in interest.
(e) Incapacity of the principal of a power of attorney that is not durable does not revoke or terminate the power of attorney as to an agent or other person who, without actual knowledge of the incapacity, acts in good faith under the power of attorney. An act so performed, unless otherwise invalid or unenforceable, binds the principal and the principal's successors in interest.
(f) The execution of a power of attorney does not revoke a power of attorney previously executed by the principal unless the subsequent power of attorney provides that the previous power of attorney is revoked or that all other powers of attorney are revoked.
2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 39B. Uniform Power of Attorney Act › Article 1. General Provisions › §39B-1-111. Coagents and Successor Agents

(a) A principal may designate two or more persons to act as coagents. Unless the power of attorney otherwise provides, each coagent may exercise his or her authority independently and the consent of all coagents is not necessary for the validity of an act or transaction.
(b) A principal may designate one or more successor agents to act if an agent resigns, dies, becomes incapacitated, is not qualified to serve, or declines to serve. A principal may grant authority to designate one or more successor agents to an agent or other person designated by name, office or function. Unless the power of attorney otherwise provides, a successor agent:
(1) Has the same authority as that granted to the original agent; and
(2) May not act until all predecessor agents have resigned, died, become incapacitated, are no longer qualified to serve, or have declined to serve.
(c) Except as otherwise provided in the power of attorney and this act, an agent who does not participate in or conceal a breach of fiduciary duty committed by another agent, including a predecessor agent, is not liable for the actions of the other agent.
(d) An agent who has actual knowledge of a breach or imminent breach of fiduciary duty by another agent has a duty to notify the principal and, if the principal is incapacitated, take any action reasonably appropriate in the circumstances to safeguard the principal's best interest. An agent who fails to notify the principal or take action as required by this article is liable for the reasonably foreseeable damages that could have been avoided if the agent had notified the principal or taken such action.
2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 39B. Uniform Power of Attorney Act › Article 1. General Provisions › §39B-1-112. Reimbursement and Compensation of Agent

Unless the power of attorney otherwise provides, an agent is entitled to reimbursement of expenses reasonably incurred on behalf of the principal and to compensation that is reasonable under the circumstances: Provided, That an agent who is related to the principal as an ancestor, spouse or descendent is not entitled to compensation for services as agent, unless the power of attorney specifically provides for compensation.
2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 39B. Uniform Power of Attorney Act › Article 1. General Provisions › §39B-1-115. Exoneration of Agent

(a) A provision in a power of attorney relieving an agent of liability for breach of duty is binding on the principal and the principal's successors in interest except to the extent the provision:
(1) Relieves the agent of liability for breach of duty committed dishonestly, with an improper motive or with reckless indifference to the purposes of the power of attorney or the best interest of the principal; or
(2) Was inserted as a result of an abuse of a confidential or fiduciary relationship with the principal.
2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 39B. Uniform Power of Attorney Act › Article 1. General Provisions › §39B-1-116. Judicial Relief

(a) The following persons may petition a court to construe a power of attorney or review the agent's conduct and grant appropriate relief:
(1) The principal or the agent;
(2) A guardian, conservator or other fiduciary acting for the principal;
(3) A person authorized to make health-care decisions for the principal;
(4) The principal's spouse, parent or descendant;
(5) An individual who would qualify as a presumptive heir of the principal;
(6) A person named as a beneficiary to receive any property, benefit or contractual right on the principal's death or as a beneficiary of a trust created by or for the principal that has a financial interest in the principal's estate;
(7) A governmental agency having regulatory authority to protect the welfare of the principal;
(8) The principal's caregiver or another person that demonstrates sufficient interest in the principal's welfare; and
(9) A person asked to accept the power of attorney.
(b) Upon motion by the principal, the court shall dismiss a petition filed under this section, unless the court finds that the principal lacks capacity to revoke the agent's authority or the power of attorney.
2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 39B. Uniform Power of Attorney Act › Article 1. General Provisions › §39B-1-117. Agent's Liability

(a) An agent that violates this act is liable to the principal or the principal's successors in interest for the amount required to:
(1) Restore the value of the principal's property to what it would have been had the violation not occurred;
(2) Reimburse the principal or the principal's successors in interest for the attorney's fees and costs paid on the agent's behalf out of the principal's assets;
(3) Reimburse the reasonable attorneys fees and costs incurred by the principal or the principal's successors in interest in pursuing rectification of the violation by the agent; and
(4) Pay such other amounts, damages, costs or expenses as the court may award.
2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 39B. Uniform Power of Attorney Act › Article 1. General Provisions › §39B-1-118. Agent's Resignation; Notice

(a) Unless the power of attorney provides a different method for an agent's resignation, an agent may resign by giving notice to the principal and, if the principal is incapacitated:
(1) To the conservator or guardian, if one has been appointed for the principal, and a coagent or successor agent; or
(2) If there is no person described in paragraph (1), to:
(A) The principal's caregiver;
(B) Another person reasonably believed by the agent to have sufficient interest in the principal's welfare; or
(C) A governmental agency having authority to protect the welfare of the principal.
2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 39B. Uniform Power of Attorney Act › Article 1. General Provisions › §39B-1-119. Acceptance of and Reliance Upon Acknowledged Power of Attorney

(a) For purposes of this section and section one hundred five of this article, "acknowledged" means purportedly verified before a notary public or other individual authorized to take acknowledgments.
(b) A person who in good faith accepts an acknowledged power of attorney without actual knowledge that the signature is not genuine may rely upon the presumption under the provisions of section one hundred five of this article that the signature is genuine.
(c) A person who in good faith accepts an acknowledged power of attorney without actual knowledge that the power of attorney is void, invalid or terminated, that the purported agent's authority is void, invalid or terminated, or that the agent is exceeding or improperly exercising the agent's authority may rely upon the power of attorney as if the power of attorney were genuine, valid and still in effect, the agent's authority were genuine, valid and still in effect, and the agent had not exceeded and had properly exercised the authority except as to a conveyance of interests in real property where the principal has previously filed a notice of termination of the power of attorney in the office of the clerk of the county commission in the county in which the property is located.
(d) A person who is asked to accept an acknowledged power of attorney may request, and rely upon, without further investigation:
(1) An agent's certification under penalty of perjury of any factual matter concerning the principal, agent or power of attorney;
(2) An English translation of the power of attorney if the power of attorney contains, in whole or in part, language other than English; and
(3) An opinion of counsel as to any matter of law concerning the power of attorney if the person making the request provides in a writing or other record the reason for the request.
(e) An English translation or an opinion of counsel requested under this section must be provided at the principal's expense unless the request is made more than seven business days after the power of attorney is presented for acceptance.
(f) For purposes of this section and the act, a person who conducts activities through employees is without actual knowledge of a fact relating to a power of attorney, a principal or an agent if the employee conducting the transaction involving the power of attorney is without actual knowledge of the fact.
2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 39B. Uniform Power of Attorney Act › Article 1. General Provisions › §39B-1-120. Liability for Refusal to Accept Acknowledged Statutory Form Power of Attorney

(a) In this section, "statutory form power of attorney" means a power of attorney substantially in the form provided in this act or that meets the requirements for a military power of attorney pursuant to 10 U. S. C. §1044b.
(b) Except as otherwise provided in this section:
(1) A person shall either accept an acknowledged statutory form power of attorney or request a certification, a translation or an opinion of counsel under section one hundred nineteen subsection (d) of this article no later than seven business days after presentation of the power of attorney for acceptance;
(2) If a person requests a certification, a translation, or an opinion of counsel under section one hundred nineteen subsection (d) of this article, the person shall accept the statutory form power of attorney no later than five business days after receipt of the certification, translation or opinion of counsel; and
(3) A person may not require an additional or different form of power of attorney for authority granted in the statutory form power of attorney presented.
(c) A person is not required to accept an acknowledged statutory form power of attorney if:
(1) The person is not otherwise required to engage in a transaction with the principal in the same circumstances;
(2) Engaging in a transaction with the agent or the principal in the same circumstances would be inconsistent with federal law;
(3) The person has actual knowledge of the termination of the agent's authority or of the power of attorney before exercise of the power;
(4) A request for a certification, a translation, or an opinion of counsel under section one hundred nineteen subsection (d) of this article is not timely provided;
(5) The person in good faith believes that the power is not valid or that the agent does not have the authority to perform the act requested, whether or not a certification, a translation or an opinion of counsel under section one hundred nineteen subsection (d) of this article has been requested or provided; or
(6) The person makes, or has actual knowledge that another person has made, a report to the local adult protective services agency stating a good faith belief that the principal may be subject to physical or financial abuse, neglect, exploitation or abandonment by the agent or a person acting for or with the agent.
(d) A person who refuses in violation of this section to accept an acknowledged statutory form power of attorney is subject to a court order mandating acceptance of the power of attorney. The court may at its discretion award to the principal or the principal's agent reasonable attorney's fees and costs incurred in any action or proceeding that confirms the validity of the power of attorney or mandates acceptance of the power of attorney.
2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 39B. Uniform Power of Attorney Act › Article 2. Authority › §39B-2-101. Authority That Requires Specific Grant; Grant of General Authority

(a) An agent under a power of attorney may do the following on behalf of the principal or with the principal’s property only if the power of attorney expressly grants the agent the authority and exercise of the authority is not otherwise prohibited by another agreement or instrument to which the authority or property is subject to:
(1) Create, amend, revoke or terminate an inter vivos trust;
(2) Make a gift;
(3) Create or change rights of survivorship;
(4) Create or change a beneficiary designation;
(5) Delegate authority granted under the power of attorney;
(6) Waive the principal’s right to be a beneficiary of a joint and survivor annuity, including a survivor benefit under a retirement plan;
(7) Exercise fiduciary powers that the principal has authority to delegate; or
(8) Disclaim property, including a power of appointment.
(9) Exercise authority over the content of electronic communications, as defined in 18 U.S.C. Section 2510(12) sent or received by the principal.
(b) Notwithstanding a grant of authority to do an act described in this section, unless the power of attorney otherwise provides, an agent may not exercise authority under a power of attorney to create in the agent, or in an individual to whom the agent owes a legal obligation of support, an interest in the principal’s property, whether by gift, right of survivorship, beneficiary designation, disclaimer or otherwise.
(c) Subject to subsections (a), (b), (d) and (e) of this section, if a power of attorney grants to an agent authority to do all acts that a principal could do, the agent has the general authority described in §39B-2-104 through §39B-2-116 of this code.
(d) Unless the power of attorney otherwise provides, a grant of authority to make a gift is subject to the provisions of §39B-2-117 of this code.
(e) Subject to subsections (a), (b) and (d) of this section, if the subjects over which authority is granted in a power of attorney are similar or overlap, the broadest authority controls.
(f) Authority granted in a power of attorney is exercisable with respect to property that the principal has when the power of attorney is executed or acquires later, whether or not the property is located in this state and whether or not the authority is exercised or the power of attorney is executed in this state.
(g) An act performed by an agent pursuant to a power of attorney has the same effect and inures to the benefit of and binds the principal and the principal’s successors in interest as if the principal had performed the act.
2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 39B. Uniform Power of Attorney Act › Article 2. Authority › §39B-2-102. Incorporation of Authority

(a) An agent has authority described in this article if the power of attorney refers to general authority with respect to the descriptive term for the subjects stated in section one hundred four through section one hundred seventeen of this article or cites the section in this article in which the authority is described.
(b) A reference in a power of attorney to general authority with respect to the descriptive term for a subject in section one hundred four through section one hundred seventeen of this article or a citation to a section of section one hundred four through section one hundred seventeen of this article incorporates the entire section as if it were set out in full in the power of attorney.
(c) A principal may modify authority incorporated by reference.
2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 39B. Uniform Power of Attorney Act › Article 2. Authority › §39B-2-103. Construction of Authority Generally

(a) Except as otherwise provided in the power of attorney, by executing a power of attorney that incorporates by reference a subject described in sections one hundred four through one hundred seventeen of this article or that grants to an agent authority to do all acts that a principal could do pursuant to the provisions of section one hundred one subsection (c) of this article, a principal authorizes the agent, with respect to that subject, to:
(1) Demand, receive and obtain by litigation or otherwise, money or another thing of value to which the principal is, may become or claims to be entitled, and conserve, invest, disburse or use anything so received or obtained for the purposes intended;
(2) Contract in any manner with any person, on terms agreeable to the agent, to accomplish a purpose of a transaction and perform, rescind, cancel, terminate, reform, restate, release or modify the contract or another contract made by or on behalf of the principal;
(3) Execute, acknowledge, seal, deliver, file or record any instrument or communication the agent considers desirable to accomplish a purpose of a transaction, including creating at any time a schedule listing some or all of the principal's property and attaching it to the power of attorney;
(4) Initiate, participate in, submit to alternative dispute resolution, settle, oppose or propose or accept a compromise with respect to a claim existing in favor of or against the principal or intervene in litigation relating to the claim;
(5) Seek on the principal's behalf the assistance of a court or other governmental agency to carry out an act authorized in the power of attorney;
(6) Engage, compensate and discharge an attorney, accountant, discretionary investment manager, expert witness or other advisor;
(7) Prepare, execute and file a record, report or other document to safeguard or promote the principal's interest under a statute or rule;
(8) Communicate with any representative or employee of a government or governmental subdivision, agency or instrumentality, on behalf of the principal;
(9) Access communications intended for, and communicate on behalf of the principal, whether by mail, electronic transmission, telephone or other means; and
(10) Do any lawful act with respect to the subject and all property related to the subject.
2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 39B. Uniform Power of Attorney Act › Article 2. Authority › §39B-2-105. Tangible Personal Property

(a) Unless the power of attorney otherwise provides, language in a power of attorney granting general authority with respect to tangible personal property authorizes the agent to:
(1) Demand, buy, receive or accept as a gift or as security for an extension of credit, or otherwise acquire or reject ownership or possession of tangible personal property or an interest in tangible personal property;
(2) Sell, exchange, convey with or without covenants, representations, or warranties; quitclaim, release, surrender, create a security interest in, grant options concerning, lease, sublease or, otherwise dispose of tangible personal property or an interest in tangible personal property;
(3) Grant a security interest in tangible personal property or an interest in tangible personal property as security to borrow money or pay, renew or extend the time of payment of a debt of the principal or a debt guaranteed by the principal;
(4) Release, assign, satisfy or enforce by litigation or otherwise, a security interest, lien or other claim on behalf of the principal, with respect to tangible personal property or an interest in tangible personal property;
(5) Manage or conserve tangible personal property or an interest in tangible personal property on behalf of the principal, including:
(A) Insuring against liability or casualty or other loss;
(B) Obtaining or regaining possession of or protecting the property or interest, by litigation or otherwise;
(C) Paying, assessing, compromising or contesting taxes or assessments or applying for and receiving refunds in connection with taxes or assessments;
(D) Moving the property from place to place;
(E) Storing the property for hire or on a gratuitous bailment; and
(F) Using and making repairs, alterations or improvements to the property; and
(6) Change the form of title of an interest in tangible personal property.
2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 39B. Uniform Power of Attorney Act › Article 2. Authority › §39B-2-106. Stocks and Bonds

(a) Unless the power of attorney otherwise provides, language in a power of attorney granting general authority with respect to stocks and bonds authorizes the agent to:
(1) Buy, sell and exchange stocks and bonds;
(2) Establish, continue, modify or terminate an account with respect to stocks and bonds;
(3) Pledge stocks and bonds as security to borrow, pay, renew or extend the time of payment of a debt of the principal;
(4) Receive certificates and other evidences of ownership with respect to stocks and bonds; and
(5) Exercise voting rights with respect to stocks and bonds in person or by proxy, enter into voting trusts and consent to limitations on the right to vote.
2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 39B. Uniform Power of Attorney Act › Article 2. Authority › §39B-2-107. Commodities and Options

(a) Unless the power of attorney otherwise provides, language in a power of attorney granting general authority with respect to commodities and options authorizes the agent to:
(1) Buy, sell, exchange, assign, settle and exercise commodity futures contracts and call or put options on stocks or stock indexes traded on a regulated option exchange; and
(2) Establish, continue, modify and terminate option accounts.
2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 39B. Uniform Power of Attorney Act › Article 2. Authority › §39B-2-108. Banks and Other Financial Institutions

(a) Unless the power of attorney otherwise provides, language in a power of attorney granting general authority with respect to banks and other financial institutions authorizes the agent to:
(1) Continue, modify and terminate an account or other banking arrangement made by or on behalf of the principal;
(2) Establish, modify and terminate an account or other banking arrangement with a bank, trust company, savings and loan association, credit union, thrift company, brokerage firm or other financial institution selected by the agent;
(3) Contract for services available from a financial institution, including renting a safe deposit box or space in a vault;
(4) Withdraw, by check, order, electronic funds transfer or otherwise, money or property of the principal deposited with or left in the custody of a financial institution;
(5) Receive statements of account, vouchers, notices and similar documents from a financial institution and act with respect to them;
(6) Enter a safe deposit box or vault and withdraw or add to the contents;
(7) Borrow money and pledge as security personal property of the principal necessary to borrow money or pay, renew or extend the time of payment of a debt of the principal or a debt guaranteed by the principal;
(8) Make, assign, draw, endorse, discount, guarantee and negotiate promissory notes, checks, drafts and other negotiable or nonnegotiable paper of the principal or payable to the principal or the principal's order, transfer money, receive the cash or other proceeds of those transactions, and accept a draft drawn by a person upon the principal and pay it when due;
(9) Receive for the principal and act upon a sight draft, warehouse receipt or other document of title whether tangible or electronic or other negotiable or nonnegotiable instrument;
(10) Apply for, receive and use letters of credit, credit and debit cards, electronic transaction authorizations and traveler's checks from a financial institution and give an indemnity or other agreement in connection with letters of credit; and
(11) Consent to an extension of the time of payment with respect to commercial paper or a financial transaction with a financial institution.
2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 39B. Uniform Power of Attorney Act › Article 2. Authority › §39B-2-110. Insurance and Annuities

(a) Unless the power of attorney otherwise provides, language in a power of attorney granting general authority with respect to insurance and annuities authorizes the agent to:
(1) Continue, pay the premium or make a contribution on, modify, exchange, rescind, release or terminate a contract procured by or on behalf of the principal which insures or provides an annuity to either the principal or another person, whether or not the principal is a beneficiary under the contract;
(2) Procure new, different and additional contracts of insurance and annuities for the principal and the principal's spouse, children and other dependents, and select the amount, type of insurance or annuity and mode of payment;
(3) Pay the premium or make a contribution on, modify, exchange, rescind, release or terminate a contract of insurance or annuity procured by the agent;
(4) Apply for and receive a loan secured by a contract of insurance or annuity;
(5) Surrender and receive the cash surrender value on a contract of insurance or annuity;
(6) Exercise an election;
(7) Exercise investment powers available under a contract of insurance or annuity;
(8) Change the manner of paying premiums on a contract of insurance or annuity;
(9) Change or convert the type of insurance or annuity with respect to which the principal has or claims to have authority described in this section;
(10) Apply for and procure a benefit or assistance under a statute or regulation to guarantee or pay premiums of a contract of insurance on the life of the principal;
(11) Collect, sell, assign, hypothecate, borrow against or pledge the interest of the principal in a contract of insurance or annuity;
(12) Select the form and timing of the payment of proceeds from a contract of insurance or annuity; and
(13) Pay, from proceeds or otherwise, compromise or contest and apply for refunds in connection with, a tax or assessment levied by a taxing authority with respect to a contract of insurance or annuity or its proceeds or liability accruing by reason of the tax or assessment.
2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 39B. Uniform Power of Attorney Act › Article 2. Authority › §39B-2-111. Estates, Trusts and Other Beneficial Interests

(a) In this section, "estate, trust, or other beneficial interest" means a trust, probate estate, guardianship, conservatorship, escrow, custodianship, or a fund from which the principal is, may become, or claims to be, entitled to a share or payment.
(b) Unless the power of attorney otherwise provides, language in a power of attorney granting general authority with respect to estates, trusts and other beneficial interests authorizes the agent to:
(1) Accept, receive, receipt for, sell, assign, pledge or exchange a share in or payment from an estate, trust or other beneficial interest;
(2) Demand or obtain money or another thing of value to which the principal is, may become, or claims to be, entitled by reason of an estate, trust or other beneficial interest, by litigation or otherwise;
(3) Exercise for the benefit of the principal a presently exercisable general power of appointment held by the principal;
(4) Initiate, participate in, submit to alternative dispute resolution, settle, oppose or propose or accept a compromise with respect to litigation to ascertain the meaning, validity or effect of a deed, will, declaration of trust or other instrument or transaction affecting the interest of the principal;
(5) Initiate, participate in, submit to alternative dispute resolution, settle, oppose or propose or accept a compromise with respect to litigation to remove, substitute or surcharge a fiduciary;
(6) Conserve, invest, disburse or use anything received for an authorized purpose;
(7) Transfer an interest of the principal in real property, stocks and bonds, accounts with financial institutions or securities intermediaries, insurance, annuities and other property to the trustee of a revocable trust created by the principal as settler; and
(8) Reject, renounce, disclaim, release or consent to a reduction in or modification of a share in or payment from an estate, trust or other beneficial interest.
2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 39B. Uniform Power of Attorney Act › Article 2. Authority › §39B-2-112. Claims and Litigation

(a) Unless the power of attorney otherwise provides, language in a power of attorney granting general authority with respect to claims and litigation authorizes the agent to:
(1) Assert and maintain before a court or administrative agency a claim, claim for relief, cause of action, counterclaim, offset, recoupment or defense, including an action to recover property or other thing of value, recover damages sustained by the principal, eliminate or modify tax liability, or seek an injunction, specific performance or other relief;
(2) Bring an action to determine adverse claims or intervene or otherwise participate in litigation;
(3) Seek an attachment, garnishment, order of arrest or other preliminary, provisional or intermediate relief and use an available procedure to effect or satisfy a judgment, order or decree;
(4) Make or accept a tender, offer of judgment or admission of facts, submit a controversy on an agreed statement of facts, consent to examination and bind the principal in litigation;
(5) Submit to alternative dispute resolution, settle and propose or accept a compromise;
(6) Waive the issuance and service of process upon the principal, accept service of process, appear for the principal, designate persons upon which process directed to the principal may be served, execute and file or deliver stipulations on the principal's behalf, verify pleadings, seek appellate review, procure and give surety and indemnity bonds, contract and pay for the preparation and printing of records and briefs, receive, execute and file or deliver a consent, waiver, release, confession of judgment, satisfaction of judgment, notice, agreement or other instrument in connection with the prosecution, settlement or defense of a claim or litigation;
(7) Act for the principal with respect to bankruptcy or insolvency, whether voluntary or involuntary, concerning the principal or some other person, or with respect to a reorganization, receivership or application for the appointment of a receiver or trustee which affects an interest of the principal in property or other thing of value;
(8) Pay a judgment, award or order against the principal or a settlement made in connection with a claim or litigation; and
(9) Receive money or other thing of value paid in settlement of or as proceeds of a claim or litigation.
2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 39B. Uniform Power of Attorney Act › Article 2. Authority › §39B-2-113. Personal and Family Maintenance

(a) Unless the power of attorney otherwise provides, language in a power of attorney granting general authority with respect to personal and family maintenance authorizes the agent to:
(1) Perform the acts necessary to maintain the customary standard of living of the principal, the principal's spouse and the following individuals, whether living when the power of attorney is executed or later born:
(A) The principal's children;
(B) Other individuals legally entitled to be supported by the principal; and
(C) The individuals whom the principal has customarily supported or indicated the intent to support;
(2) Make periodic payments of child support and other family maintenance required by a court or governmental agency or an agreement to which the principal is a party;
(3) Provide living quarters for the individuals described in subsection (1) of this section by:
(A) Purchase, lease or other contract; or
(B) Paying the operating costs, including interest, amortization payments, repairs, improvements and taxes, for premises owned by the principal or occupied by those individuals;
(4) Provide normal domestic help, usual vacations and travel expenses, and funds for shelter, clothing, food, appropriate education, including postsecondary and vocational education and other current living costs for the individuals described in subsection (1) of this section;
(5) Pay expenses for necessary health care and custodial care on behalf of the individuals described in subdivision (1) of this section;
(6) Act as the principal's personal representative pursuant to the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, §1171 through §1179 of the Social Security Act, §42 U. S. C. 1320d, and applicable regulations, in making decisions related to the past, present or future payment for the provision of health care consented to by the principal or anyone authorized under the law of this state to consent to health care on behalf of the principal;
(7) Continue any provision made by the principal for automobiles or other means of transportation, including registering, licensing, insuring and replacing them, for the individuals described in subsection (1) of this section;
(8) Maintain credit and debit accounts for the convenience of the individuals described in subsection (1) of this section and open new accounts; and
(9) Continue payments incidental to the membership or affiliation of the principal in a religious institution, club, society, order or other organization or to continue contributions to those organizations.
(b) Authority with respect to personal and family maintenance is neither dependent upon, nor limited by, authority that an agent may or may not have with respect to gifts under this article.
2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 39B. Uniform Power of Attorney Act › Article 2. Authority › §39B-2-114. Benefits From Governmental Programs or Civil or Military Service

(a) In this section, "benefits from governmental programs or civil or military service" means any benefit, program or assistance provided under a federal, state or local statute or regulation including Social Security, Medicare and Medicaid.
(b) Unless the power of attorney otherwise provides, language in a power of attorney granting general authority with respect to benefits from governmental programs or civil or military service authorizes the agent to:
(1) Execute vouchers in the name of the principal for allowances and reimbursements payable by the United States or a foreign government or by a state or subdivision of a state to the principal, including allowances and reimbursements for transportation of the individuals described in section one hundred thirteen, subsection (a)(1) of this article, and for shipment of their household effects;
(2) Take possession and order the removal and shipment of property of the principal from a post, warehouse, depot, dock or other place of storage or safekeeping, either governmental or private, and execute and deliver a release, voucher, receipt, bill of lading, shipping ticket, certificate or other instrument for that purpose;
(3) Enroll in, apply for, select, reject, change, amend or discontinue, on the principal's behalf, a benefit or program;
(4) Prepare, file and maintain a claim of the principal for a benefit or assistance, financial or otherwise, to which the principal may be entitled under a statute or rule;
(5) Initiate, participate in, submit to alternative dispute resolution, settle, oppose or propose or accept a compromise with respect to litigation concerning any benefit or assistance the principal may be entitled to receive under a statute or rule; and
(6) Receive the financial proceeds of a claim described in subdivision(4) of this section and conserve, invest, disburse or use for a lawful purpose anything so received.
2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 39B. Uniform Power of Attorney Act › Article 2. Authority › §39B-2-115. Retirement Plans

(a) In this section, "retirement plan" means a plan or account created by an employer, the principal or another individual to provide retirement benefits or deferred compensation of which the principal is a participant, beneficiary or owner, including a plan or account under the following sections of the Internal Revenue Code:
(1) An individual retirement account under Internal Revenue Code, 26 U. S. C. §408;
(2) A Roth individual retirement account under Internal Revenue Code, 26 U. S. C. §408A;
(3) A deemed individual retirement account under Internal Revenue Code, 26 U. S. C. §408(q);
(4) An annuity or mutual fund custodial account under Internal Revenue Code, 26 U. S. C. §403(b);
(5) A pension, profit-sharing, stock bonus or other retirement plan qualified under Internal Revenue Code, 26 U. S. C. §401(a);
(6) A plan under Internal Revenue Code, 26 U. S. C. §457(b); and
(7) A nonqualified deferred compensation plan under Internal Revenue Code, 26 U. S. C. §409A.
(b) Unless the power of attorney otherwise provides, language in a power of attorney granting general authority with respect to retirement plans authorizes the agent to:
(1) Select the form and timing of payments under a retirement plan and withdraw benefits from a plan;
(2) Make a rollover, including a direct trustee-to-trustee rollover, of benefits from one retirement plan to another;
(3) Establish a retirement plan in the principal's name;
(4) Make contributions to a retirement plan;
(5) Exercise investment powers available under a retirement plan; and
(6) Borrow from, sell assets to or purchase assets from a retirement plan.
2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 39B. Uniform Power of Attorney Act › Article 2. Authority › §39B-2-116. Taxes

Unless the power of attorney otherwise provides, language in a power of attorney granting general authority with respect to taxes authorizes the agent to:
(1) Prepare, sign and file federal, state, local and foreign income, gift, payroll, property, Federal Insurance Contributions Act and other tax returns, claims for refunds, requests for extension of time, petitions regarding tax matters and any other tax-related documents, including receipts, offers, waivers, consents, including consents and agreements under Internal Revenue Code, 26 U. S. C. §2032A, closing agreements and any power of attorney required by the Internal Revenue Service or other taxing authority with respect to a tax year upon which the statute of limitations has not run and the following twenty-five tax years;
(2) Pay taxes due, collect refunds, post bonds, receive confidential information and contest deficiencies determined by the Internal Revenue Service or other taxing authority;
(3) Exercise any election available to the principal under federal, state, local or foreign tax law; and
(4) Act for the principal in all tax matters for all periods before the Internal Revenue Service or other taxing authority.