2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 33. Insurance › Article 4. General Provisions › §33-4-23. Guaranteed Asset Protection Waivers

(a) Short title. – This section may be cited as the “Guaranteed Asset Protection Waiver Act.”
(b) Purpose. – The purpose of this section is to provide a framework within which guaranteed asset protection waivers are defined and may be offered within this state.
(c) Legislative intent. – The Legislature finds that guaranteed asset protection waivers are not insurance and are not subject to the provisions of this chapter, except as provided in this section. Guaranteed asset protection waivers issued after the effective date of this section may not be construed as insurance and persons marketing, administering, selling or offering to sell guaranteed asset protection waivers are not required to comply with insurance licensing requirements.
(d) Applicability. – This section does not apply to:
(1) An insurance policy offered by an insurer under the insurance laws of this state; or
(2) A debt cancellation or debt suspension contract being offered in compliance with 12 C.F.R. §37.1, et seq., 12 C.F.R. §721.1, et seq., or other federal law.
(e) Waivers not insurance; exemption from licensing requirement. – Guaranteed asset protection waivers governed by, and issued after the effective date of this section, are not insurance and are exempt from the insurance laws of this state. Persons marketing, administering, selling or offering to sell guaranteed asset protection waivers to borrowers that comply with this section are exempt from this state’s insurance licensing requirement with regard to the marketing, selling or offering to sell guaranteed asset protection waivers.
(f) Definitions. – The following terms are defined for purposes of this section. These terms are not intended to be used or required in guaranteed asset protection waivers.
(1) “Administrator” means a person, other than an insurer or creditor, who performs administrative or operational functions pursuant to guaranteed asset protection waiver programs. Administrative or operational functions may include, but are not limited to:
(A) Document development, processing, and support;
(B) Compliance Services;
(C) Waiver fee processing;
(D) Benefit determination and processing;
(E) Procurement and administration of the contractual liability or other insurance policy;
(F) Technology support; or
(G) Personnel support.
(2) “Borrower” means a debtor, retail buyer, or lessee under a finance agreement.
(3) “Contractual liability” means a contract or other agreement that obligates a third party to indemnify a creditor under (g)(4) of this section and is insurance under the insurance laws of this state.
(4) “Creditor” means:
(A) The lender in a loan or credit transaction;
(B) The lessor in a lease transaction;
(C) A retail dealer of motor vehicles licensed under §17A-6-1 et seq. of this code, that provides credit to buyers as part of a retail sale, provided the dealer complies with the requirements of this section;
(D) The seller in a commercial retail installment transaction; or
(E) The assignees of any of the foregoing persons to whom the credit obligation is payable.
(5) “Finance agreement” means a loan, lease or retail installment sales contract for the purchase or lease of a motor vehicle.
(6) “Free look period” means the period of time from the effective date of the guaranteed asset protection waiver until the date the borrower may cancel the contract without penalty, fees or costs to the borrower. This period of time may not be less than thirty days.
(7) “Guaranteed asset protection waiver” means a contractual agreement that is part of or a separate addendum to the finance agreement in which a creditor agrees, upon payment of a separate charge, to cancel or waive all or part of amounts due to it on a borrower’s finance agreement if there is a total physical damage loss or unrecovered theft of a motor vehicle. A guaranteed asset protection waiver is not insurance due to the purchase, administration or operation of the contractual liability or other insurance policy authorized under subdivision (g)(4) of this section.
(8) “Insurer” means an insurance company required to be licensed, registered, or otherwise authorized to do business under the insurance laws of this state.
(9) “Motor vehicle” means a self-propelled or towed vehicle designed for personal or commercial use, including, but not limited to, an automobile, truck, motorcycle, recreational vehicle, all-terrain vehicle, snowmobile, camper, boat or personal watercraft, and the trailer used to transport a motorcycle, boat, camper or personal watercraft.
(10) “Person” includes an individual, company, association, organization, partnership, limited liability company, business trust, corporation and every form of legal entity.
(g) Requirements for offering guaranteed asset protection waivers. –
(1) Guaranteed asset protection waivers may be offered, sold or provided to borrowers in this state in compliance with this section.
(2) Guaranteed asset protection waivers may, at the option of the creditor, be sold for a single payment or may be offered with a monthly or periodic payment option.
(3) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, any cost to the borrower for a guaranteed asset protection waiver entered into in compliance with the Truth in Lending Act, 15 U.S.C. §1601, et seq., must be separately stated and may not be considered a finance charge or interest.
(4) A retail dealer of motor vehicles shall insure its guaranteed asset protection waiver obligations under a contractual liability or other insurance policy issued by an insurer. A creditor, other than a retail dealer of motor vehicles, may insure its guaranteed asset protection waiver obligations under a contractual liability policy or similar policy issued by an insurer. The insurance policy may be directly obtained by a creditor, a retail dealer of motor vehicles or may be procured by an administrator to cover a creditor’s or retail dealer’s obligations: Provided, That retail dealers of motor vehicles that are lessors of motor vehicles are not required to insure obligations related to guaranteed asset protection waivers on leased vehicles.
(5) The guaranteed asset protection waiver remains a part of the finance agreement upon the assignment, sale, or transfer of the finance agreement by the creditor.
(6) The extension of credit, the terms of credit or the terms of the related motor vehicle sale or lease may not be conditioned upon the purchase of a guaranteed asset protection waiver.
(7) A creditor that offers a guaranteed asset protection waiver shall report the sale of and forward funds received on all guaranteed asset protection waivers to the designated party, if any, as prescribed in any applicable administrative services agreement, contractual liability policy, other insurance policy or other specified program document.
(8) Funds received or held by a creditor or administrator and belonging to an insurer, creditor or administrator, pursuant to the terms of a written agreement must be held by the creditor or administrator in a fiduciary capacity.
(h) Contractual liability or other insurance policies. –
(1) Contractual liability or other insurance policies insuring guaranteed asset protection waivers must state the obligation of the insurer to reimburse or pay to the creditor any sums the creditor is legally obligated to waive under the guaranteed asset protection waivers issued by the creditor and purchased or held by the borrower.
(2) Coverage under a contractual liability or other insurance policy insuring a guaranteed asset protection waiver must also cover any subsequent assignee upon the assignment, sale, or transfer of the finance agreement.
(3) Coverage under a contractual liability or other insurance policy insuring a guaranteed asset protection waiver must remain in effect unless canceled or terminated in compliance with applicable insurance laws of this state.
(4) The cancellation or termination of a contractual liability or other insurance policy may not reduce the insurer’s responsibility for guaranteed asset protection waivers issued by the creditor prior to the date of cancellation or termination and for which premiums have been received by the insurer.
(i) Disclosures. –
Guaranteed asset protection waivers must disclose, as applicable, in writing and in clear, understandable language, the following:
(A) The name and address of the initial creditor and the borrower at the time of sale and the identity of any administrator if different from the creditor;
(B) The purchase price and the terms of the guaranteed asset protection waiver, including without limitation the requirements for protection, conditions or exclusions associated with the guaranteed asset protection waiver;
(C) That the borrower may cancel the guaranteed asset protection waiver within a free look period as specified in the waiver, and may receive a full refund of the purchase price, so long as no benefits have been provided under the waiver; or if benefits have been provided, the borrower may receive a full or partial refund pursuant to the terms of the guaranteed asset protection waiver;
(D)The procedure a borrower must follow, to obtain guaranteed asset protection waiver benefits under the terms and conditions of the waiver, including a telephone number and address where the borrower may initiate activation of waiver benefits. Once activation of waiver benefits has been initiated, and until such time as the request for a benefit under the GAP waiver is resolved, the GAP waiver shall not be terminated or cancelled, nor shall a request for a benefit under the GAP waiver be denied, by the creditor, administrator or other designated party, solely due to the borrower’s failure to make monthly payments owed for the GAP waiver purchase price;
(E) Whether the guaranteed asset protection waiver may be canceled after the free look period and the conditions under which it may be canceled or terminated, including the procedures for requesting any refund due;
(F) That in order to receive any refund due if a borrower cancels the guaranteed asset protection waiver agreement or early termination of the finance agreement after the free look period of the guaranteed asset protection waiver, the borrower, in accordance with terms of the waiver, shall provide a written request to cancel to the creditor, administrator or other party as specified in the guaranteed asset protection waiver. If a borrower is canceling the guaranteed asset protection waiver due to early termination of the finance agreement, the borrower shall provide a written request to the creditor, administrator or other party within ninety days of the occurrence of the event terminating the finance agreement;
(G) The methodology for calculating any refund of the unearned purchase price of the guaranteed asset protection waiver due if there is cancellation of the guaranteed asset protection waiver or early termination of the finance agreement; and
(H) That neither the extension of credit, the terms of the credit, nor the terms of the related motor vehicle sale or lease, may be conditioned upon the purchase of the guaranteed asset protection waiver.
(j) Cancellation. –
(1) Guaranteed asset protection waiver agreements may be cancellable or non-cancellable after the free look period. Guaranteed asset protection waivers must provide that if a borrower cancels a guaranteed asset protection waiver within the free look period, so long as no benefits have been provided, the borrower is entitled to a full refund of the purchase price. If benefits have been provided, the borrower may receive a full or partial refund pursuant to the terms of the guaranteed asset protection waiver;
(2) If the borrower cancels the guaranteed asset protection waiver or terminates the finance agreement early but after the agreement has been in effect beyond the free look period, the borrower may receive a refund of any unearned portion of the purchase price of the guaranteed asset protection waiver unless the guaranteed asset protection waiver provides otherwise. In order to receive a refund, the borrower, in accordance with any applicable terms of the waiver, shall provide a written request to the creditor, administrator or other party. If the borrower is canceling the guaranteed asset protection waiver due to the early termination of the finance agreement, the borrower shall provide a written request within ninety days of the event terminating the finance agreement;
(3) If the cancellation of a guaranteed asset protection waiver occurs as a result of a default under the finance agreement, or the repossession of the motor vehicle associated with the finance agreement, or any other termination of the finance agreement, any refund due may be paid directly to the creditor or administrator and applied as set forth in subdivision (4) of this subsection (i), below;
(4) A cancellation or termination refund under subdivision (1), (2) or (3) of this subsection (i) may be applied by the creditor as a reduction of the amount owed under the finance agreement, unless the borrower can show that the finance agreement has been paid in full.
(k) Commercial transaction exempted. – Subsections (g), (h) and (i) of this section do not apply to a guaranteed asset protection waiver offered in connection with a lease or retail installment sale associated with a “commercial transaction.”
(l) Exemption. – This section does not apply to guaranteed asset protection waivers sold and/or issued by a federally regulated depository institution.
(m) Effective date. – This section shall apply to all guaranteed asset protection waivers which become effective on or after July 1, 2018.