reglab/statecodes huggingface dataset:
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food › Chapter 42 - Implementation of Tobacco Master Settlement Agreement › § 3.2-4212. Penalties and other remedies

A. In addition to any other civil or criminal penalty or remedy provided by law, upon a determination that any person has violated § 3.2-4207 or any regulation adopted pursuant thereto, the Commissioner may revoke or suspend such person's privilege to purchase tax stamps at a discounted rate. Each stamp affixed and each offer to sell cigarettes in violation of § 3.2-4207 shall constitute a separate violation. Upon a determination of a violation of § 3.2-4207 or any regulations adopted pursuant thereto, the Commissioner may also impose a civil penalty in an amount not to exceed the greater of (i) 500 percent of the retail value of the cigarettes sold or (ii) $5,000.
B. Any cigarettes that have been sold, offered for sale or possessed for sale in the Commonwealth, or imported for personal consumption in the Commonwealth, in violation of § 3.2-4207, shall be deemed contraband and may not be sold or offered for sale unless such cigarettes are listed in the Directory. Any such cigarettes that are sold or offered for sale when not included in the Directory shall be subject to confiscation and forfeiture. Any such confiscation and forfeiture shall be governed by the procedures contained in Chapter 22.1 (§ 19.2-386.1 et seq.) of Title 19.2, which shall apply mutatis mutandis; except that all such cigarettes so confiscated and forfeited shall be destroyed and not resold.
C. The Attorney General may seek an injunction to restrain a threatened or actual violation of § 3.2-4207, subsection A of § 3.2-4209, subsection B of § 3.2-4209, or subsection C of § 3.2-4209 by a stamping agent and to compel the stamping agent to comply with such provisions. In any action brought pursuant to this subsection in which the Commonwealth prevails, the Commonwealth shall be entitled to recover the reasonable costs of investigation, costs of the action and reasonable attorney fees.
D. It shall be unlawful for a person to (i) sell or distribute cigarettes or (ii) acquire, hold, own, possess, transport, import, or cause to be imported cigarettes that the person knows or should know are intended for distribution or sale in the Commonwealth in violation of § 3.2-4207. A violation of this section involving less than 3,000 packages of cigarettes is a Class 1 misdemeanor. A violation of this section involving 3,000 or more packages of cigarettes is a Class 1 misdemeanor, and, upon conviction, the sentence of such person shall include a mandatory minimum term of confinement of 90 days.
2003, c. 798, § 3.1-336.10; 2006, c. 674; 2008, cc. 758, 860; 2009, c. 847; 2012, cc. 283, 756.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food › Chapter 42 - Implementation of Tobacco Master Settlement Agreement › § 3.2-4213. Notice and review of determination

A determination of the Attorney General to not list or to remove from the Directory a brand family or tobacco product manufacturer shall be subject to review in the manner prescribed by the Administrative Process Act (§ 2.2-4000 et seq.).
2003, c. 798, § 3.1-336.11; 2008, c. 860.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food › Chapter 42 - Implementation of Tobacco Master Settlement Agreement › § 3.2-4215. Submission to jurisdiction of the Commonwealth; pleadings in English sufficient

A. Any tobacco product manufacturer that produces cigarettes sold or offered for sale into or within the Commonwealth shall be deemed to have submitted to and agreed to the jurisdiction of the courts of the Commonwealth for the purpose of trying any action brought by the Commonwealth to enforce provisions of this article or Article 1 (§ 3.2-4200 et seq.) of this chapter.
B. In any action brought by the Commonwealth to enforce the provisions of this article or Article 1 (§ 3.2-4200 et seq.) of this chapter, sufficient notice of the action to the alleged violator shall be given by a complaint written in the English language. The Commonwealth shall not be required to bear any expense of translating such complaint into another language.
2003, c. 798, § 3.1-336.13; 2008, c. 860.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food › Chapter 42 - Implementation of Tobacco Master Settlement Agreement › § 3.2-4215.1. Authority of Attorney General; audit and investigation

The Attorney General or his authorized representative shall have the authority to:
1. Conduct audits and investigations of (i) a nonparticipating manufacturer and its importers or a tobacco product manufacturer as defined in § 3.2-4200 that became a participating manufacturer after the Master Settlement execution date, as defined at section II (aa) of the Master Settlement Agreement, and its importers, (ii) exclusive distributors, retail dealers, stamping agents, and wholesale dealers, as defined in § 58.1-1000, and (iii) persons or entities engaged in delivery sales as defined in § 18.2-246.6; and
2. Upon reasonable cause to believe that a violation of this article or of Article 1 (§ 3.2-4200 et seq.) of this chapter, or of Chapter 10 (§ 58.1-1000 et seq.) of Title 58.1, or Article 10 (§ 18.2-246.6 et seq.) of Chapter 6 of Title 18.2 has occurred or is reasonably likely to occur, issue subpoenas, compel the attendance of witnesses, administer oaths, certify to official acts, take depositions within and without the Commonwealth, as now provided by law, and compel the production of pertinent books, payrolls, accounts, papers, records, documents, and testimony relevant to such investigation. If a person refuses, without good cause, to be examined or to answer a legal and pertinent question, or to produce a document or other evidence when ordered to do so by the Attorney General or his authorized representative, the Attorney General or his authorized representative may apply to the judge of the circuit court of the jurisdiction where such person is in attendance or located, upon affidavit, for an order returnable in no less than two nor more than five days, directing such person to show cause why he should not be examined, answer a legal or pertinent question or produce a document, record or other evidence. Upon the hearing of such, if the court determines that such person, without good cause, has refused to be examined or to answer legal or pertinent questions, or to produce a document, record or other evidence, the court may order compliance with the subpoena and assess all costs and reasonable attorney fees against such person. If the motion for an order is granted and the person thereafter fails to comply with the order, the court may make such orders as are provided for in the Rules of the Supreme Court of Virginia. Subpoenas shall be served and witness fees and mileage paid as allowed in civil cases in the circuit courts of the Commonwealth.
2008, c. 758, § 3.1-336.13:1.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food › Chapter 42 - Implementation of Tobacco Master Settlement Agreement › § 3.2-4216. Recovery of costs and fees by Attorney General

In any action brought by the Commonwealth to enforce this article or Article 1 (§ 3.2-4200 et seq.) of this chapter in which the Commonwealth prevails, or as part of the settlement of any matter arising from an investigation prior to the filing of such action, and in addition to any civil or criminal penalty or other amount which the court may determine, the Attorney General shall be entitled to recover the reasonable costs of investigation, expert witness fees, costs of the action and reasonable attorneys' fees.
2003, c. 798, § 3.1-336.14; 2008, c. 860.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food › Chapter 42 - Implementation of Tobacco Master Settlement Agreement › § 3.2-4217. Disgorgement of profits for violations

If a court determines that a person has violated this article, the court shall order any profits, gain, gross receipts or other benefit from the violation to be disgorged and paid to the Treasurer of the Commonwealth. Unless otherwise expressly provided, the remedies or penalties provided by this article are cumulative to each other and to the remedies or penalties available under all other laws of the Commonwealth.
2003, c. 798, § 3.1-336.15; 2008, c. 860.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food › Chapter 42 - Implementation of Tobacco Master Settlement Agreement › § 3.2-4217.1. Presumption

In any action under subsection C of § 3.2-4201, reports of numbers of cigarettes stamped submitted to the Attorney General pursuant to subsection A of § 3.2-4209 shall be admissible in evidence and shall be presumed to accurately state the number of cigarettes stamped during the time period by the stamping agent that submitted the report absent a contrary showing by the nonparticipating manufacturer or importer. Nothing in this section shall be construed as limiting or otherwise affecting the Commonwealth's right to maintain that such reports are incorrect or do not accurately reflect a nonparticipating manufacturer's sales in the Commonwealth during the time period in question, and the presumption shall not apply in the event the Commonwealth does so maintain.
2008, c. 758, § 3.1-336.15:1.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food › Chapter 42 - Implementation of Tobacco Master Settlement Agreement › § 3.2-4218. Conflicts

If an appropriate court finds that the provisions of this article and of Article 1 (§ 3.2-4200 et seq.) of this chapter conflict and cannot be harmonized, then the provisions of Article 1 shall control. If any section, subsection, subdivision, paragraph, sentence, clause or phrase of this article causes Article 1 to no longer constitute a qualifying or model statute, as those terms are defined in the Master Settlement Agreement, then that portion of this article shall not be valid.
2003, c. 798, § 3.1-336.16; 2008, c. 860; 2015, c. 709.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food › Chapter 42 - Implementation of Tobacco Master Settlement Agreement › § 3.2-4219. Materially false statements

Any tobacco product manufacturer, stamping agent, or importer of cigarettes, or any officer, employee, or agent of any such entity, who knowingly and with the intent to defraud, mislead, or deceive makes any materially false statement in any record required by this chapter to be kept, or in any document required by this chapter to be filed with the Attorney General is guilty of a violation of § 18.2-498.3. Each document filed containing one or more false statements shall constitute a separate offense.
2009, c. 847.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food › Chapter 43 - Grades, Marks, and Brands › § 3.2-4300. Definition

As used in this article, unless the context requires a different meaning, "agricultural product" means any horticultural, viticulture, dairy, livestock, poultry, bee, or other farm or garden product.
Code 1950, § 3-258; 1966, c. 702, § 3.1-337; 2008, c. 860; 2020, c. 317.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food › Chapter 43 - Grades, Marks, and Brands › § 3.2-4301. Unmarked products

This article shall not apply to any agricultural product or products not marked or designated by or with any trademark, brand or other markings indicating grade, classification, quality, condition, or size.
Code 1950, § 3-266; 1966, c. 702, § 3.1-345; 2008, c. 860.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food › Chapter 43 - Grades, Marks, and Brands › § 3.2-4302. Establishment of grades, marks, and brands

The Commissioner may adopt regulations governing the voluntary use of grades, trademarks, brands, and other markings for agricultural products produced, packed, or marked in the Commonwealth. The regulations shall prescribe the: (i) grade, classification, quality, condition, size, variety, quantity, or other characteristics of such products; and (ii) marks identifying the party responsible for the grading and marking of such products.
Code 1950, § 3-259; 1966, c. 702, § 3.1-338; 2008, c. 860; 2020, c. 317.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food › Chapter 43 - Grades, Marks, and Brands › § 3.2-4303. Grades recommended by U.S. Department of Agriculture

The Commissioner, in carrying out the provisions of § 3.2-4302, shall adopt grades recommended or adopted by the U.S. Department of Agriculture if they are suitable for use in Virginia. If there is a demand for additional or different grades or standards by those persons in the Commonwealth producing and handling such products, the Commissioner may establish and adopt grades or standards that are additional to or different from those recommended or adopted by the U.S. Department of Agriculture.
Code 1950, § 3-260; 1966, c. 702, § 3.1-339; 2008, c. 860; 2020, c. 317.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food › Chapter 43 - Grades, Marks, and Brands › § 3.2-4304. When special grades, marks, and brands allowed; filing a certificate

Any person desiring to pack, mark, sell, or offer for sale any agricultural product under any grade, trademark, brand, or other markings relating to grade, quality or size, not established and adopted by the Commissioner, may file with the Commissioner a certificate describing the special grade, trademark, brand, or other markings. If the Commissioner: (i) approves of the completeness of definitions of such special grade, trademark, brand, or other markings described in the certificate; (ii) finds that such grade terminology, trademark, brand, other markings, or definitions are in no way deceptive; and (iii) determines that definitions used to describe grade, classifications, quality, condition, size, variety, or other characteristics of agricultural products clearly document where they differ from the official grades, the special grade, trademark, brand, or other markings may thereafter be used by the person filing the certificate. For the purpose of this section a brand, trademark, or other markings may represent a grade.
Code 1950, § 3-261; 1966, c. 702, § 3.1-340; 2008, c. 860; 2020, c. 317.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food › Chapter 43 - Grades, Marks, and Brands › § 3.2-4305. Unclassified products

This article shall not prevent the use of any trademark or brand not established and adopted, or not approved by the Commissioner, on or in connection with any agricultural product, if, as a part of such trademark or brand, or immediately adjacent thereto, there is printed in letters not less than one-half inch in height the word "unclassified."
Code 1950, § 3-265; 1966, c. 702, § 3.1-344; 2008, c. 860; 2020, c. 317.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food › Chapter 43 - Grades, Marks, and Brands › § 3.2-4306. Enforcement powers of Commissioner

The Commissioner shall enforce the provisions of this article and is empowered to:
1. Enter and inspect every place where agricultural products are produced, packed, stored for sale, shipped, delivered for shipment, in transit or offered for sale; and to inspect such places and any or all agricultural products, containing markings of any kind that indicate grade, classification, quality, condition, size, variety and quantity, and containers or equipment found at or in such places. It is unlawful for anyone to prevent, hinder or interfere with the Commissioner or his agent in the exercise of any power under this subdivision;
2. To approve, superintend, control and discharge such inspectors, subordinate inspectors and agents as in his discretion may be deemed necessary for the purpose of enforcing the provisions of this article; and to prescribe their duties and fix their compensation;
3. Prohibit the movement of any agricultural product found to be marked in violation of any of the provisions of this article, prior to the product being accepted by a common carrier for shipment in interstate transit. Such product shall be repacked or remarked. A lot of any agricultural product shall not be considered accepted by a common carrier until the common carrier is loaded, sealed, and the bill of lading issued; and
4. Cause to be instituted through the attorney for the Commonwealth prosecutions for violations of this article.
Code 1950, § 3-262; 1966, c. 702, § 3.1-341; 2008, c. 860; 2020, c. 317.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food › Chapter 43 - Grades, Marks, and Brands › § 3.2-4307. When products considered as offered for sale

When any agricultural product is in transit, delivered to a common carrier for shipment, or delivered for storage, such transit or delivery shall be prima facie evidence that the product is offered for sale.
Code 1950, § 3-263; 1966, c. 702, § 3.1-342; 2008, c. 860.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food › Chapter 43 - Grades, Marks, and Brands › § 3.2-4308. Grades and brands shall be used in accordance with regulations

It is unlawful to use:
1. Any grade, trademark, brand, or other markings established and adopted by the Commissioner on or in connection with marking any agricultural product that is not in accordance with regulations established and adopted by the Commissioner.
2. Any grade, trademark, brand, or other markings indicating grade, classification, quality, condition or size, for any agricultural product for which official grades, trademarks, brands, or other markings have not been established and adopted by the Commissioner or are not in accordance with the provisions of § 3.2-4304.
Code 1950, § 3-264; 1966, c. 702, § 3.1-343; 2008, c. 860; 2020, c. 317.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food › Chapter 43 - Grades, Marks, and Brands › § 3.2-4309. Unlawful removal of markings

It is unlawful, except with the consent of the original packer, or in compliance with the regulations, for any person to remove from any agricultural product any markings that meet the requirements of this article relating to grade, classification, quality, condition, size, variety, quantity and other characteristics, or identify the party responsible for the packing or marking.
Code 1950, § 3-267; 1966, c. 702, § 3.1-346; 2008, c. 860.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food › Chapter 43 - Grades, Marks, and Brands › § 3.2-4310. Penalty for violation

Any person who violates any of the provisions of this article is guilty of a Class 3 misdemeanor.
Code 1950, § 3-268; 1966, c. 702, § 3.1-347; 2008, c. 860.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food › Chapter 43 - Grades, Marks, and Brands › § 3.2-4311. Defenses to prosecution

No person shall be convicted under the provisions of this article if:
1. The person is not a party to the packing, grading, or marking of such product; or
2. The agricultural product has passed inspection by an authorized inspector in the voluntary inspection service of the Department, or the U.S. Department of Agriculture, and found to be marked in accordance with the requirements of this article.
Code 1950, § 3-269; 1966, c. 702, § 3.1-348; 2008, c. 860.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food › Chapter 43 - Grades, Marks, and Brands › § 3.2-4312. Definitions

As used in this article, unless the context requires a different meaning:
"Agricultural and food product" means any horticultural, viticulture, dairy, livestock, poultry, bee, other farm or garden product, fish or fishery product, and other foods.
"Continuous official inspection" means that an employee or a licensed representative of the Department or of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, or employees of either, shall regularly and continuously examine the commodity as it is being packed.
Code 1950, § 3-270; 1966, c. 702, § 3.1-349; 2008, c. 860; 2020, c. 317.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food › Chapter 43 - Grades, Marks, and Brands › § 3.2-4313. Use of Virginia Quality Label to designate inspected products

The Commissioner may use an outline of Virginia impressed upon the labels, tags, seals, or containers of any agricultural or food product that has been subject to the continuous official inspection service indicating that the product is of such quality and description as shown on the label, tag, seal, or container. Such outline map when made use of pursuant to the provisions of this article shall be known as the "Virginia Quality Label."
Code 1950, § 3-271; 1966, c. 702, § 3.1-350; 2008, c. 860; 2020, c. 317.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food › Chapter 43 - Grades, Marks, and Brands › § 3.2-4314. Collaboration with United States authorities

In any instance when an authorized department, agent or officer of the United States collaborates with the Department in the inspection of any agricultural or food product, the Virginia Quality Label may, with the consent of the appropriate department, agency or officer of the United States, be used together with the shield of the United States on any label, tag, seal, or container, thus indicating continuous inspectional collaboration between the Department and a department, agency, or officer of the United States.
Code 1950, § 3-272; 1966, c. 702, § 3.1-351; 2008, c. 860; 2020, c. 317.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food › Chapter 43 - Grades, Marks, and Brands › § 3.2-4315. Department may prepare and distribute labels, tags, and seals with Virginia Quality Label

The Department may prepare labels, tags and seals impressed with the Virginia Quality Label and the shield of the United States. The Department may furnish the labels, tags, and seals at reasonable prices to any producer, processor, packer, or dresser whose agricultural and food product has been subject to such continuous official state or federal-state inspection service.
Code 1950, § 3-274; 1966, c. 702, § 3.1-353; 2008, c. 860; 2020, c. 317.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food › Chapter 43 - Grades, Marks, and Brands › § 3.2-4316. Preparation and use of Label by producer; design to be determined by Commissioner

The Commissioner may adopt regulations that permit any producer, processor, packer, or dresser to make or prepare, or to cause to be made or prepared, the labels, tags, or seals to be placed on his own product, or to print, stamp, or otherwise place or cause to be placed the Virginia Quality Label and the shield of the United States upon such products or containers that have been subject to continuous state or federal-state inspection, so long as the Commissioner determines the design of the label, tag, seal, stamp, or other device.
Code 1950, § 3-275; 1966, c. 702, § 3.1-354; 2008, c. 860; 2020, c. 317.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food › Chapter 43 - Grades, Marks, and Brands › § 3.2-4317. Virginia Quality Label Fund established

There is hereby created in the state treasury a special nonreverting fund to be known as the Virginia Quality Label Fund, hereafter referred to as "the Fund." The Fund shall be established on the books of the Comptroller. Moneys in the Fund shall be used solely for the purposes set forth in this chapter. All moneys derived from the furnishing of labels, tags, and seals, or from permitting the use of the Virginia Quality Label or the label with the shield of the United States shall be paid into the state treasury and credited to the Fund. Interest earned on moneys in the Fund shall remain in the Fund and be credited to it. Any moneys remaining in the Fund, including interest thereon, at the end of each fiscal year shall not revert to the general fund but shall remain in the Fund. Moneys in the Fund shall be used by the Department to defray the cost of preparing, furnishing, and publicizing the labels, tags, and seals.
Code 1950, § 3-277; 1966, c. 702, § 3.1-356; 2008, c. 860; 2020, c. 317.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food › Chapter 43 - Grades, Marks, and Brands › § 3.2-4318. Jurisdiction to enjoin unlawful use of Label

A. Any circuit court in the Commonwealth shall have jurisdiction to enjoin the use of the Virginia Quality Label, a label with the shield of the United States, or any imitation or counterfeit likeness used in violation of this article.
B. The Commissioner may apply for and an appropriate court may grant a temporary or permanent injunction restraining any person from using the labels described in subsection A.
Code 1950, §§ 3-279, 3-280; 1966, c. 702, §§ 3.1-358, 3.1-359; 2005, c. 681; 2008, c. 860; 2020, c. 317.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food › Chapter 43 - Grades, Marks, and Brands › § 3.2-4319. Certificate as evidence

Every certificate relating to the analysis, grade, classification, quality, or condition of agricultural products, either raw or processed, that is issued: (i) under this article; (ii) in cooperation between federal and state authorities, agencies, or organizations pursuant to a federal statute and this article; (iii) under a similar act of the legislature of any other state, and every certified copy; and (iv) every certificate issued pursuant to a federal statute, and every certified copy, shall be received in any court of the Commonwealth as prima facie evidence of the truth of the statements contained in the certificate.
Code 1950, § 3-280.1; 1966, c. 702, § 3.1-360; 2008, c. 860.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food › Chapter 43 - Grades, Marks, and Brands › § 3.2-4320. Restrictions as to use of Label

It is unlawful to use the Virginia Quality Label or a label with the shield of the United States, except in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Commissioner, and in no case shall it be used upon the label, tag, seal, or container of the product of any farm, factory, mill or of any other producing, processing, packing, preparing, or dressing establishment unless such product is processed, packed, prepared, or dressed under continuous official state or federal-state inspection.
Code 1950, § 3-273; 1966, c. 702, § 3.1-352; 2008, c. 860; 2020, c. 317.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food › Chapter 43 - Grades, Marks, and Brands › § 3.2-4321. Penalties for misuse or unauthorized use of Virginia Quality Label

A. It is unlawful for any person:
1. To use the Virginia Quality Label or a label with the shield of the United States in violation of any provisions of this article;
2. To use, with the intent to mislead or deceive, any imitation or counterfeit likeness of the Virginia Quality Label, or a label or shield of the United States: (i) on the label, tag, seal, container, or sign of any product that is sold or offered for sale; or (ii) in connection with any offer to sell or advertise for sale any product.
B. Any person who violates any provision of this article is guilty of a Class 3 misdemeanor.
C. Any corporation incorporated under the laws of the Commonwealth that has for 18 years or more prior to June 29, 1948, been using an outline map of Virginia, of its own design, for branding packages or containers for agricultural or horticultural products bought and sold by it, shall have the right to continue to use such outline map for such purpose.
Code 1950, § 3-278; 1966, c. 702, § 3.1-357; 2008, c. 860.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food › Chapter 43 - Grades, Marks, and Brands › § 3.2-4322. Definitions

As used in this article, unless the context requires a different meaning:
"Grain" means corn (maize), wheat, rye, oats, barley, flaxseed, soybeans, and such other grains as the usages of the trade may warrant and permit.
"Handler" means a person who buys grain for resale as grain or grain products.
Code 1950, § 3-269.1; 1966, c. 433, § 3.1-348.1; 2008, c. 860.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food › Chapter 43 - Grades, Marks, and Brands › § 3.2-4323. Commissioner authorized to require registration; forms

The Commissioner may require all handlers to register on forms prepared for that purpose. Such forms shall require the handler to state his name, address, and the county or city where he shall weigh and grade grain.
Code 1950, § 3-269.2; 1966, c. 433, § 3.1-348.2; 2008, c. 860.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food › Chapter 43 - Grades, Marks, and Brands › § 3.2-4324. Regulations

The Board may adopt regulations relating to the handling of grain in the Commonwealth, including:
1. The weighing devices, approved under the Virginia Weights and Measures Law (§ 3.2-5600 et seq.) and the procedures employed to give accurate weights.
2. The grading equipment that is acceptable in administering the United States Grain Standards Act and the use of grading equipment to be used in determining the value of grain. Such use of such equipment shall be pursuant to procedures employed by inspectors licensed under the United States Grain Standards Act.
3. Samples of lots graded by other than a Virginia licensed inspector and the lot discounted shall be identity preserved for 24 hours.
4. The keeping of records in accordance with good business practices.
Code 1950, § 3-269.3; 1966, c. 433, § 3.1-348.3; 2008, c. 860.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food › Chapter 43 - Grades, Marks, and Brands › § 3.2-4325. Grain handlers to register if required by Commissioner

All persons before operating as a handler in the Commonwealth shall register with the Commissioner.
Code 1950, § 3-269.4; 1966, c. 433, § 3.1-348.4; 2008, c. 860.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food › Chapter 43 - Grades, Marks, and Brands › § 3.2-4326. Grain to be purchased from registered handlers

It is unlawful to buy grain for resale as grain or grain products unless bought by a handler registered by the Commissioner.
Code 1950, § 3-269.5; 1966, c. 433, § 3.1-348.5; 2008, c. 860.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food › Chapter 43 - Grades, Marks, and Brands › § 3.2-4327. Violation of article

Any person who violates any of the provisions of this article or regulations established by the Board hereunder is guilty of a Class 1 misdemeanor.
Code 1950, § 3-269.6; 1966, c. 433, § 3.1-348.6; 2008, c. 860.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food › Chapter 44 - Beekeeping › § 3.2-4400. Definitions

As used in this chapter, unless the context requires a different meaning:
"Apiary" means any place where one or more colonies of bees are kept.
"Appliance" means any apparatus, tool, machine, or other device used in the handling and manipulating of bees, honey, wax, hives, and hive parts and shall include containers used in transporting, processing, storing, or merchandising bees and bee products.
"Bee" means the honeybee, Apis mellifera and genetic variations thereof, at any living stage; and may include other hymenopterous insects that depend on pollen and nectar for food.
"Bee diseases" means departures from a sound state of health of bees characterized by visible symptoms including American foulbrood and any other diseases, insects, mites, or bee pests.
"Bee equipment" means hives and hive parts including frames, supers, covers, bottom boards, and beekeeping apparel.
"Brood comb" means the assemblage of cells containing any living stage of bees at any time prior to their emergence as adults.
"Certificate of health" means a state-of-origin document prepared and signed by the State Apiarist or other authorized person declaring the bees, bee equipment, appliances, apiaries, and honey houses to be free of bee diseases.
"Colony" means a queenright assemblage of social bees capable of reproducing.
"Combless package" means a shipping container for transporting bees or queens.
"Entry permit" means a state-of-destination document prepared by the State Apiarist or other authorized person authorizing the entry of bee equipment, appliances, and bees on combs into the Commonwealth.
"Hive" means a box, skep, barrel, log gum, or other container used as a domicile for bees.
"Honey house" means any building where honey for commercial use is extracted, graded, processed, packed, or stored.
"Person" means the term as defined in § 1-230. The term also means any society.
Code 1950, § 3-483; 1966, c. 702, § 3.1-588; 1972, c. 499, § 3.1-610.1; 1982, c. 100; 2008, c. 860.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food › Chapter 44 - Beekeeping › § 3.2-4401. Powers and duties of the Board

The Board may adopt regulations to:
1. Suppress bee diseases by regulating the movement of bees and controlling or destroying disease reservoirs;
2. Require apiary identification;
3. Adopt colony strength standards for pollination services;
4. Promote the sale and distribution of bees and their products; and
5. Effectively administer and enforce this chapter.
1972, c. 499, § 3.1-610.9; 2008, c. 860.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food › Chapter 44 - Beekeeping › § 3.2-4402. State Apiarist

The Commissioner may appoint a State Apiarist with adequate experience and training in practical beekeeping. The State Apiarist shall promote the science of beekeeping by education and other means; inspect apiaries, beehives, and beekeeping equipment within the Commonwealth for bee disease; and perform other duties that may be required by regulation or law, including the inspection of honey houses for sanitation.
Code 1950, §§ 3-484, 3-485; 1966, c. 702, §§ 3.1-589, 3.1-590; 1972, c. 499, §§ 3.1-610.2, 3.1-610.3; 2008, c. 860.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food › Chapter 44 - Beekeeping › § 3.2-4403. Duties of beekeepers

Beekeepers shall:
1. Provide movable frames with combs or foundation in all hives used by them to contain bees, except for short periods, not to exceed the first spring honey flow, and to cause the bees in such hives to construct brood combs in such frames so that any of the frames may be removed from the hive without injuring other combs in such hive; and
2. Securely and tightly close the entrance of any hive in apiaries not free from disease and make the hive tight so that robber bees cannot enter, leave, or obtain honey from the hives as long as the hives remain in a location accessible by honeybees.
Code 1950, § 3-497; 1966, c. 702, § 3.1-602; 1972, c. 499, § 3.1-610.10; 2008, c. 860.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food › Chapter 44 - Beekeeping › § 3.2-4404. Duty to notify the State Apiarist of diseased bees

Any person in the Commonwealth who is aware of diseased bees in his or other apiaries shall immediately notify the State Apiarist, giving the exact location of the diseased bees and other information as requested.
Code 1950, § 3-498; 1966, c. 702, § 3.1-603; 1972, c. 499, § 3.1-610.8; 2008, c. 860.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food › Chapter 44 - Beekeeping › § 3.2-4405. Entry permit required to bring bees and used bee equipment into Commonwealth; inspection

A. No person shall bring any bees on combs, empty used combs, used hives, or other used apiary appliances into the Commonwealth without first receiving an entry permit to do so from the State Apiarist. Entry permits shall be issued only upon receipt of satisfactory proof that the bees and other items are free from bee diseases. Specifically identifiable colonies must be brought into the Commonwealth within 60 days from the issuance of the entry permit.
B. Bees brought into the Commonwealth shall be subject to inspection at any time.
Code 1950, § 3-501; 1950, p. 227; 1966, c. 702, § 3.1-606; 1972, c. 499, § 3.1-610.15; 1982, c. 100; 2008, c. 860.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food › Chapter 44 - Beekeeping › § 3.2-4406. Certificate of health to accompany bees in combless packages brought into Commonwealth

All bees in combless packages transported into the Commonwealth shall be accompanied by a certificate of health issued by the proper official of the place of origin.
Code 1950, § 3-500; 1966, c. 702, § 3.1-605; 1972, c. 499, § 3.1-610.14; 2008, c. 860.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food › Chapter 44 - Beekeeping › § 3.2-4407. Certificate of health to accompany bill of sale

No bees on combs, hives, used beekeeping equipment with combs, or appliances may be offered for sale without a certificate of health prepared by the State Apiarist for each specifically identifiable item. The certificate of health must accompany each bill of sale.
Code 1950, § 3-502; 1966, c. 702, § 3.1-607; 1972, c. 499, § 3.1-610.17; 2008, c. 860.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food › Chapter 44 - Beekeeping › § 3.2-4408. Rearing package bees and queens for sale

A. No person shall rear package bees or queens for sale without first applying to the State Apiarist for inspection at least once during each summer season.
B. Upon the discovery of any bee diseases, the rearer or seller shall at once cease to ship bees from affected apiaries until the State Apiarist issues a certificate of health for such apiaries.
C. No person engaged in rearing queen bees for sale shall use honey in the making of bee food for use in mailing cages.
Code 1950, § 3-496; 1966, c. 702, § 3.1-601; 1972, c. 499, §§ 3.1-610.12, 3.1-610.13; 2008, c. 860.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food › Chapter 44 - Beekeeping › § 3.2-4409. Right of entry for inspection and enforcement

The Commissioner may enter any private or public premises during business hours, except private dwellings. The Commissioner shall have access to all apiaries and other places where bees, combs, beekeeping equipment, and appliances may be kept.
Code 1950, § 3-488; 1966, c. 702, § 3.1-593; 1972, c. 499, § 3.1-610.7; 2008, c. 860.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food › Chapter 44 - Beekeeping › § 3.2-4410. Measures to eradicate and control bee diseases; appeal

A. The State Apiarist shall examine or inspect the bees in the Commonwealth whenever they are suspected of being infected with bee diseases and, on request, shall inspect bees to be sold or to be transported interstate.
B. If bees are found to be infected with bee diseases, the State Apiarist shall take suitable measures to eradicate or control such diseases.
C. If the owner of such diseased bees fails to take such steps as may be prescribed by the State Apiarist to eradicate or control the disease, the State Apiarist shall destroy or treat the bees, hives, and honey.
D. The State Apiarist may prohibit the removal of bees, honey, wax, combs, hives, or other used beekeeping equipment from any place where bees are known to be infected with bee diseases, until he issues a certificate of health for such place.
E. Within 10 days from the receipt of an order from the State Apiarist to destroy or treat his diseased bees, hives, honey, or appliances, any owner of diseased bees may file a written appeal with the Commissioner. Upon timely receipt of a written appeal under this section, the Commissioner shall act upon the appeal in accordance with the provisions of the Administrative Process Act (§ 2.2-4000 et seq.).
Code 1950, §§ 3-487, 3-490, 3-491, 3-493; 1966, c. 702, §§ 3.1-592, 3.1-595, 3.1-596, 3.1-598; 1972, c. 499, §§ 3.1-610.5, 3.1-610.6, 3.1-610.11; 2008, c. 860.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food › Chapter 44 - Beekeeping › § 3.2-4411. Abandoned apiaries

The State Apiarist may deem an apiary to be abandoned if: (i) the bees and hives show evidence of a period of neglect exceeding one year; and (ii) the owner of the apiary has not been identified through a reasonable search of available records. If the State Apiarist deems an apiary to be abandoned, he shall certify his findings in a declaration of abandonment to the treasurer of the locality where the apiary is located. The treasurer shall give notice of such certification to the last known owner of the apiary and the owner of the land upon which the apiary is located by personal service, by posting at last known residence, or by publication. If after 60 days, the owner or landowner has not laid claim to the apiary, the treasurer may hold a sheriff's sale, issue a treasurer's deed to the successful bidder, and deposit any proceeds into the general fund of the locality. If disposition is not made within 90 days of the date of the declaration of abandonment, the State Apiarist may take possession of the apiary and destroy the related bees, hives, and equipment.
1972, c. 499, § 3.1-610.18; 2008, c. 860.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food › Chapter 44 - Beekeeping › § 3.2-4411.1. Apiaries; limitation on liability

A. Any person owning or operating an apiary that is not located on his own property shall post the name and address of the owner or operator in a conspicuous place in the apiary.
B. A person who operates an apiary in a reasonable manner, in compliance with local zoning restrictions, and in conformance with the written best management practices as provided by regulation of the Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services shall not be liable for any personal injury or property damage that occurs in connection with his keeping and maintaining of bees, bee equipment, queen breeding equipment, apiaries, or appliances. The limitation of liability established by this section does not apply to intentional tortious conduct or acts or omissions constituting gross negligence or negligence.
C. The limitation of liability in this section shall not take effect until regulations are adopted by the Board. The Board may adopt initial regulations under this section to implement the provisions of this section to be effective no later than November 1, 2016. Such initial regulations shall be exempt from the requirements of Article 2 (§ 2.2-4006 et seq.) of the Administrative Process Act; however, the Board shall publish proposed regulations in the Virginia Register of Regulations and allow at least 30 days for public comment, to include an online public comment forum on the Virginia Regulatory Town Hall, after publication. Any amendments to such initial regulations or any subsequent regulations adopted pursuant to this section shall comply with the requirements of Article 2 of the Administrative Process Act. Any regulations adopted shall include best management practices for the operation of apiaries.
2016, c. 564.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food › Chapter 44 - Beekeeping › § 3.2-4413. Costs of administering chapter

Normal costs of administering this law shall be borne by the Commonwealth. Costs for services, products, or articles beyond the scope of the law are reimbursable and payable to the Treasurer of Virginia by the persons affected. The Commissioner shall promptly credit reimbursements to the fund from which originally expended.
1972, c. 499, § 3.1-610.20; 2008, c. 860.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food › Chapter 44 - Beekeeping › § 3.2-4414. Violation of chapter

Any person violating any of the provisions of this chapter or any order or regulation issued hereunder, or interfering in any way with the Commissioner in the discharge of his duties is guilty of a Class 1 misdemeanor.
Code 1950, § 3-505; 1966, c. 702, § 3.1-610; 1972, c. 499, § 3.1-610.21; 2008, c. 860.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food › Chapter 44 - Beekeeping › § 3.2-4415. Beehive Grant Fund

From such funds as may be appropriated by the General Assembly and any gifts, grants, or donations from public or private sources, there is hereby created in the state treasury a special nonreverting, permanent fund to be known as the Beehive Grant Fund (the Fund), to be administered by the Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services. The Fund shall be established on the books of the Comptroller. Interest earned on moneys in the Fund shall remain in the Fund and be credited to it. Any moneys remaining in the Fund at the end of each fiscal year, including interest thereon, shall not revert to the general fund but shall remain in the Fund. Expenditures and disbursements from the Fund, which shall be in the form of grants, shall be made by the State Treasurer on warrants issued by the Comptroller upon the written request signed by the Commissioner. Grants from the Fund shall only be made for the purposes of the beehive distribution program pursuant to § 3.2-4416.
2012, cc. 412, 473.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food › Chapter 44 - Beekeeping › § 3.2-4416. Beehive distribution program

Any individual registered with the Department as a beekeeper may apply to the Department for no more than three basic beehive units per year per household. The Department shall establish guidelines setting forth the components of a basic beehive unit and the general requirements for qualifying for such unit. The Department shall accept applications for beehive units during an application period of not less than 15 days. The Department shall select individuals receiving beehive units at random from the completed eligible applications received during the application period. In the event that funds are not available in the Beehive Grant Fund established pursuant to § 3.2-4415 (the Fund), the Department shall notify individuals who submitted applications but were not selected to receive beehive units that the funds available for that fiscal year have been exhausted. The Department shall not be required to carry forward pending applications to the next fiscal year in which funds are available in the Fund.
The Department may use funds from the Fund to pay for the costs of purchasing, building, or distributing the beehive units and for the costs of administering the beehive distribution program. The Department may work cooperatively with the Virginia Cooperative Extension Service and Agricultural Experiment Station Division, established pursuant to Article 2 (§ 23.1-2608 et seq.) of Chapter 26 of Title 23.1, to carry out the provisions of this section.
2012, cc. 412, 473; 2018, c. 192; 2020, c. 407.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food › Chapter 45 - Grading, Packing, and Marking of Apples › § 3.2-4500. Definitions

As used in this article, unless the context requires a different meaning:
"Container" means any closed package of any description that is used to contain apples and includes boxes, baskets, and bags of any size or material.
"Packer" means any person who first packs apples in a container for shipment or sale.
Code 1950, § 3-512.1; 1954, c. 697; 1966, c. 702, § 3.1-611; 1999, c. 793; 2008, c. 860.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food › Chapter 45 - Grading, Packing, and Marking of Apples › § 3.2-4501. Grades and standards

The Board shall establish and adopt official grades and standards for apples by which the quality, quantity and size of the apples may be determined. Before establishing such official grades and standards, the Board shall consult with the Board of Directors of the Virginia Horticultural Society and the Board of Directors of the Virginia Apple Growers Association.
Code 1950, § 3-512.5; 1954, c. 697; 1966, c. 702, § 3.1-615; 1999, c. 793; 2008, c. 860.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 3.2 - Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food › Chapter 45 - Grading, Packing, and Marking of Apples › § 3.2-4502. Marking containers; contents to conform to markings

It is unlawful for apples, except apples delivered for processing or packing or delivered to storage for packing, to be sold, packed for sale, offered for sale or transported for sale, in containers, unless:
1. Each such container bears conspicuously in plain words and figures on the outside, or on a durable stuffer within and readily readable from the outside, showing the correct size, minimum quantity and correct variety of the apples in the container, one of the official grades and one of the official standards for apples established by the Board under this chapter, and the name and address of the producer's or packer's business; and
2. The apples in each container conform to the markings appearing on the container.
Code 1950, § 3-512.2; 1954, c. 697; 1966, c. 702, § 3.1-612; 1999, c. 793; 2008, c. 860.