reglab/statecodes huggingface dataset:
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 23.1 - Institutions of Higher Education; Other Educational and Cultural Institutions › Chapter 9 - Academic Policies › § 23.1-905.1. Course credit; dual enrollment courses

A. The Council, in consultation with each public institution of higher education, shall establish a policy for granting undergraduate course credit to any entering student who has successfully completed a dual enrollment course. The policy shall:
1. Outline the conditions necessary for each public institution of higher education to grant course credit for the successful completion of a dual enrollment course;
2. Identify whether each dual enrollment course offered in the Commonwealth is transferrable to a public institution of higher education as (i) a Uniform Certificate of General Studies Program or Passport Program course credit, (ii) a general elective course credit, or (iii) a course credit meeting other academic requirements of a public institution of higher education, or if such course is not likely to transfer for course credit. The policy shall also require that each school division and comprehensive community college offering a dual enrollment course clearly specify such transfer information on any website, literature, or other materials describing or advertising the course;
3. Require each public institution of higher education offering a dual enrollment course to identify the equivalent non-dual enrollment course;
4. Ensure that the grant of course credit is consistent across each public institution of higher education and each such dual enrollment course; and
5. Require that the following information be made available on the online portal maintained by the System pursuant to subsection C of § 23.1-908: (i) a description of each dual enrollment course offered in the Commonwealth; (ii) the specific academic, career, or technical programs in the System that will accept the course credit and which specific comprehensive community colleges offer such programs; and (iii) if available, the pathway maps in which the dual enrollment course is included.
B. The Council and each public institution of higher education shall make the policy available to the public on their websites. The Council shall also forward the policy to the System for inclusion in the online portal maintained by the System pursuant to § 23.1-908.
C. The Council shall annually report to the House Committee on Education and the Senate Committee on Education and Health on the implementation of the course credit policy by each public institution of higher education.
2017, cc. 309, 316; 2018, cc. 832, 845.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 23.1 - Institutions of Higher Education; Other Educational and Cultural Institutions › Chapter 9 - Academic Policies › § 23.1-906. Course credit; Advanced Placement, Cambridge Advanced, College-Level Examination Program, and International Baccalaureate examinations

A. The Council, in consultation with the governing board of each public institution of higher education, shall establish a policy for granting undergraduate course credit to entering freshman students who have taken one or more Advanced Placement, Cambridge Advanced (A/AS), College-Level Examination Program (CLEP), or International Baccalaureate examinations. The policy shall:
1. Outline the conditions necessary for each public institution of higher education to grant course credit, including the minimum required scores on such examinations;
2. Identify the course credit or other academic requirements of each public institution of higher education that the student satisfies by achieving the minimum required scores on such examinations; and
3. Ensure, to the extent possible, that the grant of course credit is consistent across each public institution of higher education and each such examination.
B. The Council and each public institution of higher education shall make the policy available to the public on its website.
2015, c. 578, § 23-9.2:3.10; 2016, c. 588.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 23.1 - Institutions of Higher Education; Other Educational and Cultural Institutions › Chapter 9 - Academic Policies › § 23.1-906.1. (Effective pursuant to Acts 2023, c. 758, cl. 3) Degree programs; integration of internship or work-based learning experiences; policies

The governing board of each baccalaureate public institution of higher education shall adopt policies requiring that participation in an internship or work-based learning experience be integrated into a student's degree program so as not to extend the time to complete the degree.
2023, c. 758.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 23.1 - Institutions of Higher Education; Other Educational and Cultural Institutions › Chapter 9 - Academic Policies › § 23.1-908. State Transfer Tool

A. The Council shall develop, in cooperation with the System and each public institution of higher education, a State Transfer Tool that designates each general education course, in addition to the courses that comprise the Uniform Certificate of General Studies Program and the Passport Program, that is offered in an associate degree program at an associate-degree-granting public institution of higher education and transferable for course credit to a baccalaureate public institution of higher education. In developing the State Transfer Tool, the Council shall also seek the participation of private institutions of higher education.
B. The Council shall develop guidelines to govern the development and implementation of articulation, dual admissions, and guaranteed admissions agreements between associate-degree-granting public institutions of higher education and baccalaureate public institutions of higher education. Dual admissions agreements shall set forth (i) the obligations of each student accepted to such a program, including grade point average requirements, acceptable associate degree majors, and completion timetables, and (ii) the extent to which each student accepted to such a program may access the privileges of enrollment at both institutions while he is enrolled at either institution. Such agreements are subject to the admissions requirements of the baccalaureate public institutions of higher education.
C. Each baccalaureate public institution of higher education shall update its transfer agreements immediately following any program modifications and shall send a copy of its updated agreement and any other transfer-related documents and resources to the System. The Council shall also send to the System a copy of any transfer-related guidelines and resources that it possesses. The System shall maintain an online portal that allows access to all such agreements, documents, and resources. The online portal shall also include (i) documents and resources related to course equivalency, (ii) pathway maps established pursuant to subsection E of § 23.1-907, (iii) the transfer tool established pursuant to subsection A, (iv) information regarding dual enrollment courses as described in § 23.1-905.1, and (v) any other information required to be included by law or deemed relevant by the System. The online portal shall be available to the public on the websites of the Council, the System, each public institution of higher education, and each school division offering a dual enrollment course.
2004, c. 553, § 23-9.14:2; 2005, c. 818; 2006, c. 379; 2014, c. 628; 2016, c. 588; 2017, c. 521; 2018, cc. 832, 845.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 23.1 - Institutions of Higher Education; Other Educational and Cultural Institutions › Chapter 9 - Academic Policies › § 23.1-909. Combined cooperative degree program

A. The Secretary of Education and the director of the Council, in consultation with each public institution of higher education and nonprofit private institution of higher education, shall develop a plan to establish and advertise a cooperative degree program whereby any undergraduate student enrolled at any public institution of higher education or nonprofit private institution of higher education may complete, through the use of online courses at any such institution, the course credit requirements to receive a degree at a tuition cost not to exceed $4,000, or the lowest cost that is achievable, per academic year.
B. No later than October 1, 2016, the Secretary of Education and the director of the Council shall report to the Chairmen of the House Committee on Appropriations, the House Committee on Education, the Senate Committee on Finance and Appropriations, and the Senate Committee on Education and Health on the progress made toward developing a cooperative degree program plan pursuant to this section.
2015, c. 664, § 23-7.4:7; 2016, c. 588.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 23.1 - Institutions of Higher Education; Other Educational and Cultural Institutions › Chapter 10 - Restructured Higher Education Financial and Administrative Operations Act › § 23.1-1001. Financial and administrative management standards for public institutions of higher education

A. Each public institution of higher education shall meet the following financial and administrative management standards:
1. An unqualified opinion from the Auditor of Public Accounts upon the audit of the public institution's financial statements;
2. No significant audit deficiencies attested to by the Auditor of Public Accounts;
3. Substantial compliance with all financial reporting standards approved by the State Comptroller;
4. Substantial attainment of accounts receivable standards approved by the State Comptroller, including any standards for outstanding receivables and bad debts;
5. Substantial attainment of accounts payable standards approved by the State Comptroller including any standards for accounts payable past due; and
6. Other financial and administrative management standards established by the Governor or included in the general appropriation act currently in effect.
B. Each public institution of higher education that does not meet all of the financial management standards in subsection A according to the written certification of the Auditor of Public Accounts pursuant to § 30-133.1 shall develop and implement a written plan of corrective action to meet such standards as soon as practicable. The chairman or rector of the governing board of the public institution of higher education shall promptly provide a copy of the completed written plan to the Auditor of Public Accounts and the Secretaries of Education, Finance, and Administration.
C. Each public institution of higher education that does not meet all of the administrative management standards established by the Governor and such standards currently in effect for such institutions according to the written certification of the Auditor of Public Accounts pursuant to § 30-133.1 shall develop and implement a written plan of corrective action to meet such standards as soon as practical. The chairman or rector of the governing board of the public institution of higher education shall promptly provide a copy of the completed written plan to the Auditor of Public Accounts and the Secretaries of Education, Finance, and Administration.
2016, c. 588.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 23.1 - Institutions of Higher Education; Other Educational and Cultural Institutions › Chapter 10 - Restructured Higher Education Financial and Administrative Operations Act › § 23.1-1005. Approval of a management agreement

A. If the Governor finds that the public institution of higher education meets the criteria set forth in § 23.1-1004, he shall authorize the appropriate Cabinet Secretary to enter into a management agreement with the governing board of such institution.
B. Each such management agreement shall be submitted no later than the succeeding November 15 to the House Committee on Appropriations, the House Committee on Education, the Senate Committee on Finance and Appropriations, and the Senate Committee on Education and Health. The Governor shall include a recommendation for approval of the management agreement with the public institution of higher education in "The Budget Bill" submitted pursuant to subsection A of § 2.2-1509 or in his gubernatorial amendments submitted pursuant to subsection E of § 2.2-1509 due by the December 20 that immediately follows the date of submission of the management agreement to such Committees.
C. The General Assembly shall consider whether to approve or disapprove the management agreement as recommended. If the management agreement is approved as part of the general appropriation act, it shall become effective on the effective date of such general appropriation act.
2005, cc. 933, 945, § 23-38.97; 2016, c. 588.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 23.1 - Institutions of Higher Education; Other Educational and Cultural Institutions › Chapter 10 - Restructured Higher Education Financial and Administrative Operations Act › § 23.1-1008. Covered institutions; operational authority generally

In addition to those powers granted in each covered institution's enabling statutes and the general appropriation act, each covered institution, subject to the express provisions of the management agreement, may exercise all the powers necessary or convenient to carry out the purposes and provisions of this article and:
1. Make and execute contracts, guarantees, or any other instruments and agreements necessary or convenient to the exercise of its powers, authority, and functions, including contracts with persons to (i) operate and manage any or all of the covered institution's facilities or operations and (ii) incur liabilities and secure the obligations of any entity or individual, provided, however, that no covered institution may pledge the faith and credit of the Commonwealth or enter into an indemnification agreement or binding arbitration agreement contrary to state law;
2. Conduct or engage in any lawful business, activity, effort, or project consistent with the covered institution's purposes or necessary or convenient to the exercise of its powers; and
3. Procure insurance, participate in insurance plans, provide self-insurance, continue participation in the Commonwealth's insurance or self-insurance plans, continue participation in the Commonwealth's risk management programs, and continue participation in the Virginia Retirement System or other Commonwealth sponsored retirement plans subject to the conditions in §§ 23.1-1020 through 23.1-1026, and any combination of the foregoing, as provided in this article. The purchase of insurance, participation in an insurance plan, or creation of a self-insurance plan by the covered institution shall not be deemed a waiver or relinquishment of any sovereign immunity to which the covered institution or its officers, directors, employees, or agents are otherwise entitled. Covered institutions may participate in any Commonwealth or Virginia Retirement System insurance, self-insurance, or risk management program on the same terms and conditions applicable to other state agencies and other public institutions of higher education.
2005, cc. 933, 945, § 23-38.99; 2016, c. 588.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 23.1 - Institutions of Higher Education; Other Educational and Cultural Institutions › Chapter 10 - Restructured Higher Education Financial and Administrative Operations Act › § 23.1-1009. Covered institutions; operational authority; projects

A. Each covered institution may acquire, plan, design, construct, own, rent as landlord or tenant, operate, control, remove, renovate, enlarge, equip, and maintain, directly or through stock or nonstock corporations or other entities, any project. Such project may be owned or operated by the institution, other persons, or jointly by such institution and other persons and may be operated within or outside the Commonwealth as long as (i) the operations of such project are necessary or desirable to assist the institution in carrying out its public purposes within the Commonwealth and (ii) any private benefit resulting to any such other private persons from any such project is merely incidental to the public benefit of such project.
B. Each covered institution may continue, adopt, and enforce policies for the operation of any facility, including any veterinary facility, hospital, or other health care and related facility owned or operated by the institution. Any such policies pertaining to the operation of any veterinary facility, hospital, or other health care or related facility may include the conditions of practicing any health profession or veterinary medicine in the facility, the admission and treatment of patients, the procedures for determining the qualification of patients for indigent care or other programs, and the protection of patients and employees, provided that such policies do not discriminate on the basis of race, religion, color, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity, national origin, or any other factor prohibited by law.
2005, cc. 933, 945, § 23-38.100; 2016, c. 588; 2020, c. 1137.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 23.1 - Institutions of Higher Education; Other Educational and Cultural Institutions › Chapter 10 - Restructured Higher Education Financial and Administrative Operations Act › § 23.1-1010. Covered institutions; operational authority; creation of entities and participation in joint ventures

Each covered institution may:
1. Create or assist in the creation of; own in whole or in part or otherwise control; participate in or with any entities, public or private; and purchase, receive, subscribe for, own, hold, vote, use, employ, sell, mortgage, lend, pledge, or otherwise acquire or dispose of any (i) shares or obligations of, or other interests in, any entity organized for any purpose within or outside the Commonwealth and (ii) obligations of any person or corporation. No part of the assets or net earnings of such institution shall inure to the benefit of, or be distributable to, any private individual except that reasonable compensation may be paid for services rendered to or for such institution in furtherance of its public purposes and benefits may be conferred that are in conformity with its public purposes.
2. Participate in joint ventures with individuals, corporations, governmental bodies or agencies, partnerships, associations, insurers, or other entities to facilitate any activities or programs consistent with its public purposes and the intent of this article.
3. Create or continue the existence of one or more nonprofit entities for the purpose of soliciting, accepting, managing, and administering grants and gifts and bequests, including endowment gifts and bequests and gifts and bequests in trust.
4. In carrying out any activities authorized by this article, provide appropriate assistance, including (i) making loans from its funds, other than general fund appropriations or proceeds of bonds issued under Article X, Section 9 (a), 9 (b), or 9 (c) of the Constitution of Virginia or under Article X, Section 9 (d) of the Constitution of Virginia if such issuance is supported by general funds and (ii) providing the time of its employees to corporations, partnerships, associations, joint ventures, or other entities whether such entities are owned or controlled in whole or in part or directly or indirectly by such institution.
2005, cc. 933, 945, § 23-38.101; 2016, c. 588.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 23.1 - Institutions of Higher Education; Other Educational and Cultural Institutions › Chapter 10 - Restructured Higher Education Financial and Administrative Operations Act › § 23.1-1011. Covered institutions; operational authority; campus police

A. A covered institution may establish or continue to operate a campus police department in accordance with the provisions of Article 3 (§ 23.1-809 et seq.) of Chapter 8. Campus police shall possess the powers provided in Article 3 of Chapter 8, except that a covered institution's employment of campus police is governed by the provisions of this article rather than by Chapter 28 (§ 2.2-2800 et seq.) and Chapter 29 (§ 2.2-2900 et seq.) of Title 2.2.
B. Campus police officers of a covered institution are eligible to participate in the same state-sponsored retirement plans on the same terms and conditions as campus police officers of other public institutions of higher education.
2005, cc. 933, 945, § 23-38.102; 2016, c. 588.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 23.1 - Institutions of Higher Education; Other Educational and Cultural Institutions › Chapter 10 - Restructured Higher Education Financial and Administrative Operations Act › § 23.1-1013. Covered institutions; operational authority; financial operations; investment of operating funds

Each covered institution may invest its operating funds in any obligations or securities that are considered legal investments for public funds in accordance with Chapter 45 (§ 2.2-4500 et seq.) of Title 2.2. Such institution's governing board shall adopt written investment guidelines that provide that such investments shall be made solely in the interest of the covered institution and shall be undertaken with the care, skill, prudence, and diligence under the circumstances then prevailing that a prudent person acting in a like capacity and familiar with such matters would use in the conduct of an enterprise of a like character and with like aims.
2005, cc. 933, 945, § 23-38.105; 2016, c. 588.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 23.1 - Institutions of Higher Education; Other Educational and Cultural Institutions › Chapter 10 - Restructured Higher Education Financial and Administrative Operations Act › § 23.1-1014. Covered institutions; operational authority; financial operations; financing and indebtedness

A. Each covered institution may:
1. Borrow money and issue bonds, notes, or other obligations as provided in this article and purchase such bonds, notes, or other obligations;
2. Seek financing from, incur, or assume indebtedness to, and enter into contractual commitments with, the Virginia Public Building Authority and the Virginia College Building Authority, which authorities may borrow money and make and issue negotiable notes, bonds, notes, or other obligations to provide such financing relating to facilities or any project; and
3. Seek financing from, incur or assume indebtedness to, and enter into contractual commitments with, the Commonwealth as otherwise provided by law relating to the institution's facilities or any project.
B. Notwithstanding the provisions of this chapter, no covered institution is exempt from any requirement or covenant contained in any outstanding bonds, notes, or other obligations.
2005, cc. 933, 945, § 23-38.107; 2016, c. 588; 2017, c. 314.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 23.1 - Institutions of Higher Education; Other Educational and Cultural Institutions › Chapter 10 - Restructured Higher Education Financial and Administrative Operations Act › § 23.1-1018. Covered institutions; operational authority; information technology

Subject to the terms of the management agreement, each covered institution may be exempt from the provisions governing the Virginia Information Technologies Agency, Chapter 20.1 (§ 2.2-2005 et seq.) of Title 2.2, and the provisions governing the Information Technology Advisory Council, Article 35 (§ 2.2-2699.5 et seq.) of Chapter 26 of Title 2.2, if the governing board of such covered institution adopts and the covered institution complies with (i) policies for the procurement of information technology goods and services, including professional services, that are consistent with the requirements of § 23.1-1017 and include provisions addressing cooperative arrangements for such procurement as described in § 23.1-1017 and (ii) institutional policies and professional best practices regarding strategic planning for information technology, project management, security, budgeting, infrastructure, and ongoing operations.
2005, cc. 933, 945, § 23-38.111; 2010, cc. 136, 145; 2016, c. 588.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 23.1 - Institutions of Higher Education; Other Educational and Cultural Institutions › Chapter 10 - Restructured Higher Education Financial and Administrative Operations Act › § 23.1-1020. Covered institutions; operational authority; human resources; covered employees generally

A. Each covered employee shall continue to be a state employee who is governed by and eligible to participate in the human resources and benefits programs that governed him and in which he was eligible to participate immediately prior to the effective date of the initial management agreement for the covered institution by which he is employed, including the state retirement system, state health insurance program, state workers' compensation coverage program, and state grievance procedure, until the covered institution establishes a human resources program or programs, plan, or procedure applicable to him pursuant to this article in any such human resources or benefits program area. If, however, a covered institution is permitted by law other than in this chapter to establish an alternative health insurance plan or an alternative faculty or University of Virginia Medical Center retirement plan, such alternative health insurance or faculty or University of Virginia Medical Center retirement plan shall apply to and govern the covered employees included in such plan.
B. All human resources programs, plans, policies, and procedures established by the governing board of a covered institution pursuant to this article shall apply to and govern all participating covered employees, except as provided in § 23.1-1022.
C. All covered institutions are responsible for meeting the human resource reporting requirements established by the Governor and General Assembly.
2005, cc. 933, 945, § 23-38.114; 2016, c. 588.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 23.1 - Institutions of Higher Education; Other Educational and Cultural Institutions › Chapter 10 - Restructured Higher Education Financial and Administrative Operations Act › § 23.1-1021. Covered institutions; operational authority; human resources; establishment of a human resources program

A. As used in this section, "active military duty" means federally funded military duty as (i) a member of the Armed Forces of the United States on active duty pursuant to Title 10 of the United States Code or (ii) a member of the Virginia National Guard on active duty pursuant to either Title 10 or Title 32 of the United States Code.
B. The governing board of each covered institution may elect to adopt for its nonfaculty participating covered employees either (i) one or more human resources programs that is or are generally consistent with the provisions of Chapters 28 (§ 2.2-2800 et seq.) and 29 (§ 2.2-2900 et seq.) of Title 2.2, pertaining generally to state employees, or (ii) such other human resources program or programs as it determines to be appropriate. The covered institution may administer such human resources program or programs itself or contract with another covered institution or the Department of Human Resources Management to administer some or all of its human resources programs, subject to the execution of any participation or operating agreement as the parties to that agreement may deem necessary and appropriate.
C. Each covered institution may (i) establish a human resources program or programs for participating covered employees who are not subject to a human resources program established pursuant to subsection B, including a program or programs relating to such employees that its enabling statutes authorizes it to employ and (ii) contract for such consultants, attorneys, accountants, financial experts, and independent providers of expert advice and consultation as such institution deems necessary or desirable to assist in the establishment of such program.
D. Any human resources program adopted by the governing board of a covered institution for participating covered employees shall be based on merit principles and objective methods of appointment, promotion, transfer, layoff, removal, severance, and discipline and shall include other appropriate topics based on such principles and methods.
E. The human resources program adopted by the governing board of a covered institution shall, consistent with applicable federal law, address (i) the employment of participating covered employees who leave the service of a covered institution for service in any of the Armed Forces of the United States, (ii) the employment of veterans who have served in any of the Armed Forces of the United States following the termination of their military service, and (iii) leave and other policies affecting the employment of participating covered employees who have been ordered to active military duty in the Armed Forces of the United States or the organized reserve forces of any of the Armed Forces of the United States or the Virginia National Guard.
2005, cc. 933, 945, § 23-38.116; 2016, c. 588.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 23.1 - Institutions of Higher Education; Other Educational and Cultural Institutions › Chapter 10 - Restructured Higher Education Financial and Administrative Operations Act › § 23.1-1022. Covered institutions; operational authority; human resources; election by certain covered employees

A. If the governing board of a covered institution establishes a human resources program or programs pursuant to § 23.1-1021, a salaried nonfaculty covered employee who was employed by the covered institution on the day prior to the effective date of the initial management agreement, except employees of the University of Virginia Medical Center, may elect within a prescribed period of the establishment of the human resources program to participate in and be governed by either (i) the state human resources program set forth in Chapters 28 (§ 2.2-2800 et seq.) and 29 (§ 2.2-2900 et seq.) of Title 2.2 or (ii) the human resources program or programs established by the governing board of the covered institution pursuant to § 23.1-1021. If the salaried nonfaculty covered employee does not make an election within such prescribed period, he shall be deemed to have elected to participate in and be governed by the state human resources program. Elections to participate in the human resources program established by the covered institution are irrevocable. At least once every two years, each covered institution that establishes a human resources program pursuant to § 23.1-1021 shall provide salaried nonfaculty employees who elected to participate and be governed by the state human resources program with (a) a comparison of the state program and the institution's program, including an assessment of compensation and benefits, and (b) an opportunity to participate in and be governed by the institution's human resources program.
B. A salaried nonfaculty covered employee who elects to participate in and be governed by the state human resources program set forth in Chapters 28 (§ 2.2-2800 et seq.) and 29 (§ 2.2-2900 et seq.) of Title 2.2 shall continue to be governed by all state human resources and benefit plans, programs, policies, and procedures that apply to and govern state employees.
C. A salaried nonfaculty covered employee who elects to participate in and be governed by the human resources program or programs established by the governing board of the covered institution pursuant to § 23.1-1021 shall be deemed to have elected to be eligible to participate in and be governed by the human resources plans, programs, policies, and procedures adopted by the covered institution for his employment classification pursuant to §§ 23.1-1024, 23.1-1025, and 23.1-1026.
2005, cc. 933, 945, § 23-38.115; 2016, c. 588.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 23.1 - Institutions of Higher Education; Other Educational and Cultural Institutions › Chapter 10 - Restructured Higher Education Financial and Administrative Operations Act › § 23.1-1023. Covered institutions; operational authority; human resources; grievance procedures

A. No covered institution is exempt from the State Grievance Procedure (§ 2.2-3000 et seq.), which shall continue to apply to all eligible nonfaculty covered employees of a covered institution. The governing board of each covered institution shall adopt policies that encourage the resolution of employment-related problems and complaints of its nonfaculty covered employees. Such policies shall provide that nonfaculty covered employees of the institution may discuss their concerns with their immediate supervisors and management freely and without retaliation. To the extent that such concerns cannot be resolved informally, the State Grievance Procedure (§ 2.2-3000 et seq.) shall apply (i) to the covered institution's nonfaculty participating covered employees to the same extent that it applied to the same classifications of nonfaculty employees prior to the institution's effective date of the initial management agreement and (ii) to the covered institution's salaried nonfaculty covered employees who have elected pursuant to § 23.1-1022 to continue to participate in the state human resources program set forth in Chapters 28 (§ 2.2-2800 et seq.) and 29 (§ 2.2-2900 et seq.) of Title 2.2.
B. The grievance policies that were applicable to faculty covered employees prior to the effective date of the initial management agreement shall continue in effect but may be amended by the covered institution.
C. A covered institution may adopt grievance policies that are applicable to some or all other employees not subject to grievance policies pursuant to subsection A or B. Such grievance policies may be the same as the grievance policies adopted pursuant to subsection A.
2005, cc. 933, 945, § 23-38.117; 2016, c. 588.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 23.1 - Institutions of Higher Education; Other Educational and Cultural Institutions › Chapter 10 - Restructured Higher Education Financial and Administrative Operations Act › § 23.1-1024. Covered institutions; operational authority; human resources; miscellaneous personnel matters

A. Each covered institution shall base all appointments, promotions, and tenure decisions upon merit and fitness, to be ascertained, as far as possible, by the competitive rating of qualifications by that institution.
B. No establishment of a position or rate of pay or change in rate of pay shall become effective except on order of the appointing covered institution.
C. No current or prospective participating covered employee of any covered institution shall be required, as a condition of employment, to smoke or use tobacco products on the job or abstain from smoking or using tobacco products outside the course of his employment, provided that this subsection shall not apply to those classes of employees to which § 27-40.1 or 51.1-813 is applicable.
2005, cc. 933, 945, § 23-38.118; 2016, c. 588.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 23.1 - Institutions of Higher Education; Other Educational and Cultural Institutions › Chapter 10 - Restructured Higher Education Financial and Administrative Operations Act › § 23.1-1027. Covered institutions; duties; tuition, fees, rentals, and other charges

Each covered institution shall fix, revise, charge, and collect tuition, rates, rentals, fees, and other charges for the services, goods, or facilities furnished by or on behalf of such institution and may adopt policies regarding any such service rendered or the use, occupancy, or operation of any such facility.
2005, cc. 933, 945, § 23-38.103; 2016, c. 588.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 23.1 - Institutions of Higher Education; Other Educational and Cultural Institutions › Chapter 10 - Restructured Higher Education Financial and Administrative Operations Act › § 23.1-1028. Covered institutions; duties; leases of property

The governing board of each covered institution shall adopt such policies relating to the leasing of real property, including capital or operating/income leases, that reasonably ensure that such leases are efficiently procured on appropriate terms and for appropriate purposes. With respect to capital or operating/income leases for real property to be used for academic purposes or for real property owned by the institution or a foundation relating to the institution to be used for non-academic purposes in accordance with the institution's land use plan pursuant to § 2.2-1153, other than applicable policies adopted by a covered institution's governing board and provisions of general law that expressly apply to covered institutions, such institutions are exempt from any state or local statutes, ordinances, rules, regulations, and guidelines relating to (i) operating/income leases of real property by public entities and (ii) except as otherwise provided in §§ 23.1-1016 and 23.1-1019, capital leases.
2005, cc. 933, 945, § 23-38.113; 2016, c. 588.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 23.1 - Institutions of Higher Education; Other Educational and Cultural Institutions › Chapter 11 - Bonds and Other Obligations › § 23.1-1100. (Expires pursuant to Acts 2023, cc. 756 and 778, cl. 5) Definitions

As used in this chapter, unless the context requires a different meaning:
"Board" means the members of the board of visitors, board of trustees, or other governing board of an institution.
"Bond" means any bond, note, or other evidence of indebtedness or obligation of an institution issued by an institution pursuant to this chapter.
"Erect" includes building, constructing, reconstructing, erecting, demolishing, extending, bettering, equipping, installing, modifying, and improving.
"Institution" means each public institution of higher education, as that term is defined in § 23.1-100; Eastern Virginia Medical School; the Institute for Advanced Learning and Research; the New College Institute; the Roanoke Higher Education Authority; the Southern Virginia Higher Education Center; the Southwest Virginia Higher Education Center; the Virginia School for the Deaf and the Blind; and the Wilson Workforce and Rehabilitation Center.
"Project" means (i) any (a) building, facility, addition, extension, or improvement of a capital nature that is necessary or convenient to carry out the purposes of an institution, including administration and teaching facilities, lecture and exhibition halls, libraries, dormitories, student apartments, faculty dwellings, dining halls, cafeterias, snack bars, laundries, hospitals, laboratories, research centers, infirmaries, field houses, gymnasiums, auditoriums, student unions, recreation centers, stadiums, athletics facilities, garages, parking facilities, warehouses and storage buildings, and book and student supplies centers, or (b) building, land, appurtenance, furnishing, or equipment necessary or desirable in connection with or incidental to a project or (ii) any personal property at an institution.
1933, p. 83, § 23-15; 1946, p. 184; 1964, c. 635; 1996, cc. 672, 689; 2016, c. 588.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 23.1 - Institutions of Higher Education; Other Educational and Cultural Institutions › Chapter 11 - Bonds and Other Obligations › § 23.1-1100. (Effective pursuant to Acts 2023, cc. 756 and 778, cl. 5) Definitions

As used in this chapter, unless the context requires a different meaning:
"Board" means the members of the board of visitors, board of trustees, or other governing board of an institution.
"Bond" means any bond, note, or other evidence of indebtedness or obligation of an institution issued by an institution pursuant to this chapter.
"Erect" includes building, constructing, reconstructing, erecting, demolishing, extending, bettering, equipping, installing, modifying, and improving.
"Institution" means each public institution of higher education, as that term is defined in § 23.1-100; Eastern Virginia Medical School; the Institute for Advanced Learning and Research; the New College Institute; the Roanoke Higher Education Authority; the Southern Virginia Higher Education Center; the Southwest Virginia Higher Education Center; the Virginia School for the Deaf and the Blind; and the Wilson Workforce and Rehabilitation Center.
"Project" means (i) any (a) building, facility, addition, extension, or improvement of a capital nature that is necessary or convenient to carry out the purposes of an institution, including administration and teaching facilities, lecture and exhibition halls, libraries, dormitories, student apartments, faculty dwellings, dining halls, cafeterias, snack bars, laundries, hospitals, laboratories, research centers, infirmaries, field houses, gymnasiums, auditoriums, student unions, recreation centers, stadiums, athletics facilities, garages, parking facilities, warehouses and storage buildings, and book and student supplies centers, or (b) building, land, appurtenance, furnishing, or equipment necessary or desirable in connection with or incidental to a project or (ii) any personal property at an institution.
1933, p. 83, § 23-15; 1946, p. 184; 1964, c. 635; 1996, cc. 672, 689; 2016, c. 588.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 23.1 - Institutions of Higher Education; Other Educational and Cultural Institutions › Chapter 11 - Bonds and Other Obligations › § 23.1-1101. Powers of institutions vested in majority of members of board; quorum

The powers of each institution derived directly or indirectly from this chapter are vested in and may be exercised by a majority of the members of its board, and a majority of such board constitutes a quorum for the transaction of any business authorized by this chapter.
1933, p. 83, § 23-14; 1946, p. 183; 1956, c. 373; 1960, c. 180; 1962, c. 69; 1964, cc. 358, 440, 635; 1966, c. 616; 1972, cc. 550, 861; 1974, c. 317; 1975, c. 396; 1976, c. 189; 1977, cc. 296, 319, 668; 1979, cc. 136, 145; 1987, c. 329; 1992, c. 103; 1999, cc. 424, 437; 2000, cc. 108, 671; 2001, c. 578; 2002, cc. 87, 158, 257, 478; 2004, cc. 176, 195, 857; 2005, cc. 774, 799; 2006, cc. 808, 842; 2008, c. 56; 2013, c. 805; 2015, cc. 369, 542; 2016, c. 588.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 23.1 - Institutions of Higher Education; Other Educational and Cultural Institutions › Chapter 11 - Bonds and Other Obligations › § 23.1-1102. Purpose of institutions

In addition to any other purposes provided by law or otherwise, the purpose of every institution is to acquire, install, modify, and erect projects.
1933, p. 85, § 23-17; 1996, cc. 672, 689; 2016, c. 588.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 23.1 - Institutions of Higher Education; Other Educational and Cultural Institutions › Chapter 11 - Bonds and Other Obligations › § 23.1-1103. Institutions; powers generally

Any institution may, in its proper corporate name and style:
1. Sue and be sued (i) on any bond, agreement, or other contractual or quasi-contractual obligation issued, made, or incurred pursuant to this chapter; (ii) on any duty, debt, evidence of debt, term, provision, condition, or covenant relating to any bond, agreement, or other contractual or quasi-contractual obligation issued, made, or incurred pursuant to this chapter; (iii) for the enforcement of any bond, agreement, or other contractual or quasi-contractual obligations issued, made, or incurred pursuant to this chapter; or (iv) for the enforcement of any contract or agreement with or liability to any federal agency or bondholder or any trustee or representative of such bondholder.
2. Adopt and alter a common seal.
3. Acquire and hold real or personal property or interests in such property in its own name.
4. Execute any instrument that it deems necessary or convenient to carry out the purposes of this chapter.
5. With the consent of the Governor, issue bonds and provide for and secure the rights of the bondholders.
6. Perform any act authorized by this chapter through its own officers, agents, or employees, or by contracts with private corporations, firms, or individuals.
7. Perform any act that it deems necessary or convenient to carry out the powers and purposes expressly provided in this chapter.
1933, p. 84, § 23-16; 2016, c. 588.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 23.1 - Institutions of Higher Education; Other Educational and Cultural Institutions › Chapter 11 - Bonds and Other Obligations › § 23.1-1104. Institutions; powers; projects and bonds

With the prior consent of the Governor, any institution may acquire any project by purchase, gift, or otherwise, erect any project, or refinance the cost of acquiring or erecting any project, and in connection with any such acquisition, erection, or refinancing, any institution may borrow money; make, issue, and sell its bonds as provided in this chapter; and enter into and perform all lawful contracts and agreements, do all lawful acts necessary or proper, and make such lawful contracts and agreements and perform all such lawful acts as may be necessary, proper, or advisable for the purpose of obtaining or securing grants, loans, or financial assistance of any kind under any act of Congress or the Commonwealth.
1933, p. 85, § 23-18; 1946, p. 184; 1966, c. 572; 2016, c. 588.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 23.1 - Institutions of Higher Education; Other Educational and Cultural Institutions › Chapter 11 - Bonds and Other Obligations › § 23.1-1108. Bonds mutilated, lost, or destroyed

If any bond issued by an institution is mutilated, lost, or destroyed, the board may execute and deliver a new bond of like date, number, and tenor in exchange and substitution for, and upon cancellation of a mutilated bond and its interest coupons or in lieu of and in substitution for a lost or destroyed bond and its unmatured interest coupons. Such new bond or coupon shall not be executed or delivered until the holder of the mutilated, lost, or destroyed bond (i) has paid the reasonable expense and charges in connection with the execution and delivery; (ii) in the case of a lost or destroyed bond, has filed with the board and the State Treasurer satisfactory evidence that such bond was lost or destroyed and that the bondholder was the owner of the bond; and (iii) has furnished indemnity satisfactory to the State Treasurer.
1962, c. 205, § 23-20.1; 2016, c. 588.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 23.1 - Institutions of Higher Education; Other Educational and Cultural Institutions › Chapter 11 - Bonds and Other Obligations › § 23.1-1109. Bonds and revenues; disposition

All moneys derived from the sale of bonds pursuant to § 23.1-1106 and all revenues derived from any source set forth in subdivision C 1 a, b, or c of § 23.1-1106, except those moneys that are exempt from deposit into the state treasury, shall be paid into the state treasury, set aside in special funds, and devoted solely to the payment of (i) the cost of erecting the project for which such bonds have been issued, (ii) the principal of and the interest on such bonds, and (iii) the cost of maintenance and operation of such project and any other existing facilities for which any revenue is pledged either in whole or in part to the payment of the principal of and the interest on such bonds, respectively, and are specifically appropriated for such purposes to be paid out by the State Treasurer on warrants of the Comptroller to be issued on vouchers of the treasurer or other fiscal officer of the board of such institution.
1933, p. 88, § 23-21; 1946, p. 187; 1962, c. 373; 1964, c. 635; 1997, c. 308; 2016, c. 588.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 23.1 - Institutions of Higher Education; Other Educational and Cultural Institutions › Chapter 11 - Bonds and Other Obligations › § 23.1-1110. Bonds as legal investments

Any bonds issued pursuant to this chapter are securities in which all public officers and bodies of the Commonwealth and its political subdivisions, insurance companies and associations, and savings banks and savings institutions, including savings and loan associations, in the Commonwealth may properly and legally invest funds in their control.
1933, p. 90, § 23-23; 2016, c. 588.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 23.1 - Institutions of Higher Education; Other Educational and Cultural Institutions › Chapter 11 - Bonds and Other Obligations › § 23.1-1111. Bonds; prohibition against obligating Commonwealth

The bonds and other obligations of an institution are not a debt of the Commonwealth, do not create or constitute any indebtedness or obligation of the Commonwealth, legal, moral, or otherwise, and are not payable out of any funds other than those of the institution. Nothing in this chapter shall be construed to authorize any institution to incur any indebtedness on behalf of the Commonwealth or in any way to obligate the Commonwealth.
1933, p. 91, § 23-24; 2016, c. 588.