2023 Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations › Chapter 71 - Income and franchise taxes for state and local revenues. › 71.47 - Credits.

71.47
Credits.
(1)
Community development finance credit.
(a)
Any corporation which contributes an amount to the community development finance authority under s. 233.03, 1985 stats., or to the housing and economic development authority under s. 234.03 (32) and in the same year purchases common stock or partnership interests of the community development finance company issued under s. 233.05 (2), 1985 stats., or s. 234.95 (2) in an amount no greater than the contribution to the authority, may credit against taxes otherwise due an amount equal to 75 percent of the purchase price of the stock or partnership interests. The credit received under this paragraph may not exceed 75 percent of the contribution to the community development finance authority.
(b)
Any corporation receiving a credit under this subsection may carry forward to the next succeeding 15 taxable years the amount of the credit not offset against taxes for the year of purchase to the extent not offset by those taxes otherwise due in all intervening years between the year for which the credit was computed and the year for which the carry-forward is claimed.
(c)
A claimant who has filed a timely claim under this subsection may file an amended claim with the department of revenue within 4 years of the last day prescribed by law for filing the original claim.
(d)
No credit may be claimed under this subsection for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2013. Credits under this subsection for taxable years that begin before January 1, 2014, may be carried forward to taxable years that begin after December 31, 2013.
(1dm)
Development zone capital investment credit.
(a)
In this subsection:
1.
“Certified" means entitled under s. 238.395 (3) (a) 4. or s. 560.795 (3) (a) 4., 2009 stats., to claim tax benefits or certified under s. 238.395 (5) or 238.398 (3) or s. 560.795 (5), 2009 stats., or s. 560.798 (3), 2009 stats.
2.
“Claimant" means a person who files a claim under this subsection.
3.
“Development zone" means a development opportunity zone under s. 238.395 (1) (e) and (f) or 238.398 or s. 560.795 (1) (e) and (f), 2009 stats., or s. 560.798, 2009 stats.
4.
“Previously owned property" means real property that the claimant or a related person owned during the 2 years prior to the department of commerce or the Wisconsin Economic Development Corporation designating the place where the property is located as a development zone and for which the claimant may not deduct a loss from the sale of the property to, or an exchange of the property with, the related person under section 267 of the Internal Revenue Code, except that section 267 (b) of the Internal Revenue Code is modified so that if the claimant owns any part of the property, rather than 50 percent ownership, the claimant is subject to section 267 (a) (1) of the Internal Revenue Code for purposes of this subsection.
(b)
Subject to the limitations provided in this subsection and in s. 73.03 (35), for any taxable year for which the claimant is certified, a claimant may claim as a credit against the taxes imposed under s. 71.43 an amount that is equal to 3 percent of the following:
1.
The purchase price of depreciable, tangible personal property.
2.
The amount expended to acquire, construct, rehabilitate, remodel, or repair real property in a development zone.
(c)
A claimant may claim the credit under par. (b) 1., if the tangible personal property is purchased after the claimant is certified and the personal property is used for at least 50 percent of its use in the claimant's business at a location in a development zone or, if the property is mobile, the property's base of operations for at least 50 percent of its use is at a location in a development zone.
(d)
A claimant may claim the credit under par. (b) 2. for an amount expended to construct, rehabilitate, remodel, or repair real property, if the claimant began the physical work of construction, rehabilitation, remodeling, or repair, or any demolition or destruction in preparation for the physical work, after the place where the property is located was designated a development zone, or if the completed project is placed in service after the claimant is certified. In this paragraph, “physical work" does not include preliminary activities such as planning, designing, securing financing, researching, developing specifications, or stabilizing the property to prevent deterioration.
(e)
A claimant may claim the credit under par. (b) 2. for an amount expended to acquire real property, if the property is not previously owned property and if the claimant acquires the property after the place where the property is located was designated a development zone, or if the completed project is placed in service after the claimant is certified.
(f)
No credit may be allowed under this subsection unless the claimant includes with the claimant's return:
1.
A copy of the verification that the claimant may claim tax benefits under s. 238.395 (3) (a) 4. or s. 560.795 (3) (a) 4., 2009 stats., or is certified under s. 238.395 (5) or 238.398 (3) or s. 560.795 (5), 2009 stats., or s. 560.798 (3), 2009 stats.
2.
A statement from the department of commerce or the Wisconsin Economic Development Corporation verifying the purchase price of the investment and verifying that the investment fulfills the requirements under par. (b).
(g)
In calculating the credit under par. (b) a claimant shall reduce the amount expended to acquire property by a percentage equal to the percentage of the area of the real property not used for the purposes for which the claimant is certified and shall reduce the amount expended for other purposes by the amount expended on the part of the property not used for the purposes for which the claimant is certified.
(h)
The carry-over provisions of s. 71.28 (4) (e) and (f) as they relate to the credit under s. 71.28 (4) relate to the credit under this subsection.
(hm)
A claimant may claim the credit under this subsection, including any credits carried over, against the amount of the tax otherwise due under this subchapter.
(i)
Partnerships, limited liability companies, and tax-option corporations may not claim the credit under this subsection, but the eligibility for, and the amount of, that credit shall be determined on the basis of their economic activity, not that of their shareholders, partners, or members. The corporation, partnership, or limited liability company shall compute the amount of credit that may be claimed by each of its shareholders, partners, or members and provide that information to its shareholders, partners, or members. Partners, members of limited liability companies, and shareholders of tax-option corporations may claim the credit based on the partnership's, company's, or corporation's activities in proportion to their ownership interest and may offset it against the tax attributable to their income from the partnership's, company's, or corporation's business operations in the development zone; except that partners, members, and shareholders in a development zone under s. 238.395 (1) (e) or s. 560.795 (1) (e), 2009 stats., may offset the credit against the amount of the tax attributable to their income.
(j)
If a person who is entitled under s. 238.395 (3) (a) 4. or s. 560.795 (3) (a) 4., 2009 stats., to claim tax benefits becomes ineligible for such tax benefits, or if a person's certification under s. 238.395 (5) or 238.398 (3) or s. 560.795 (5), 2009 stats., or s. 560.798 (3), 2009 stats., is revoked, that person may claim no credits under this subsection for the taxable year that includes the day on which the person becomes ineligible for tax benefits, the taxable year that includes the day on which the certification is revoked, or succeeding taxable years, and that person may carry over no unused credits from previous years to offset tax under this chapter for the taxable year that includes the day on which the person becomes ineligible for tax benefits, the taxable year that includes the day on which the certification is revoked, or succeeding taxable years.
(k)
If a person who is entitled under s. 238.395 (3) (a) 4. or s. 560.795 (3) (a) 4., 2009 stats., to claim tax benefits or certified under s. 238.395 (5) or 238.398 (3) or s. 560.795 (5), 2009 stats., or s. 560.798 (3), 2009 stats., ceases business operations in the development zone during any of the taxable years that that zone exists, that person may not carry over to any taxable year following the year during which operations cease any unused credits from the taxable year during which operations cease or from previous taxable years.
(L)
Section 71.28 (4) (g) and (h) as it applies to the credit under s. 71.28 (4) applies to the credit under this subsection.
(1dx)
Development zones credit.
(a)
Definitions. In this subsection:
1.
“Brownfield" means an industrial or commercial facility the expansion or redevelopment of which is complicated by environmental contamination.
2.
“Development zone" means a development zone under s. 238.30 or s. 560.70, 2009 stats., a development opportunity zone under s. 238.395 or s. 560.795, 2009 stats., an enterprise development zone under s. 238.397 or s. 560.797, 2009 stats., or an agricultural development zone under s. 238.398 or s. 560.798, 2009 stats.
3.
“Environmental remediation" means removal or containment of environmental pollution, as defined in s. 299.01 (4), and restoration of soil or groundwater that is affected by environmental pollution, as defined in s. 299.01 (4), in a brownfield if that removal, containment or restoration fulfills the requirement under s. 71.47 (1de) (a) 1., 2013 stats., and investigation unless the investigation determines that remediation is required and that remediation is not undertaken.
4.
“Full-time job" has the meaning given in s. 238.30 (2m).
5.
“Member of a targeted group" means a person who resides in an area designated by the federal government as an economic revitalization area, a person who is employed in an unsubsidized job but meets the eligibility requirements under s. 49.145 (2) and (3) for a Wisconsin Works employment position, a person who is employed in a trial job, as defined in s. 49.141 (1) (n), 2011 stats., or in a trial employment match program job, as defined in s. 49.141 (1) (n), a person who is eligible for child care assistance under s. 49.155, a person who is a vocational rehabilitation referral, an economically disadvantaged youth, an economically disadvantaged veteran, a supplemental security income recipient, a general assistance recipient, an economically disadvantaged ex-convict, a qualified summer youth employee, as defined in 26 USC 51 (d) (7), a dislocated worker, as defined in 29 USC 2801 (9), or a food stamp recipient, if the person has been certified in the manner under s. 71.47 (1dj) (am) 3., 2013 stats., by a designated local agency, as defined in s. 71.47 (1dj) (am) 2., 2013 stats.
(b)
Credit. Except as provided in pars. (be) and (bg) and in s. 73.03 (35), and subject to s. 238.385 or s. 560.785, 2009 stats., for any taxable year for which the person is entitled under s. 238.395 (3) or s. 560.795 (3), 2009 stats., to claim tax benefits or certified under s. 238.365 (3), 238.397 (4), or 238.398 (3) or s. 560.765 (3), 2009 stats., s. 560.797 (4), 2009 stats., or s. 560.798 (3), 2009 stats., any person may claim as a credit against the taxes otherwise due under this chapter the following amounts:
1.
Fifty percent of the amount expended for environmental remediation in a development zone.
2.
The amount determined by multiplying the amount determined under s. 238.385 (1) (b) or s. 560.785 (1) (b), 2009 stats., by the number of full-time jobs created in a development zone and filled by a member of a targeted group and by then subtracting the subsidies paid under s. 49.147 (3) (a) for those jobs.
3.
The amount determined by multiplying the amount determined under s. 238.385 (1) (c) or s. 560.785 (1) (c), 2009 stats., by the number of full-time jobs created in a development zone and not filled by a member of a targeted group and by then subtracting the subsidies paid under s. 49.147 (3) (a) for those jobs.
4.
The amount determined by multiplying the amount determined under s. 238.385 (1) (bm) or s. 560.785 (1) (bm), 2009 stats., by the number of full-time jobs retained, as provided in the rules under s. 238.385 or s. 560.785, 2009 stats., in an enterprise development zone under s. 238.397 or s. 560.797, 2009 stats., and for which significant capital investment was made and by then subtracting the subsidies paid under s. 49.147 (3) (a) for those jobs.
5.
The amount determined by multiplying the amount determined under s. 238.385 (1) (c) or s. 560.785 (1) (c), 2009 stats., by the number of full-time jobs retained, as provided in the rules under s. 238.385 or s. 560.785, 2009 stats., in a development zone and not filled by a member of a targeted group and by then subtracting the subsidies paid under s. 49.147 (3) (a) for those jobs.
(be)
Offset. A claimant in a development zone under s. 238.395 (1) (e) or s. 560.795 (1) (e), 2009 stats., may offset any credits claimed under this subsection, including any credits carried over, against the amount of the tax otherwise due under this subchapter attributable to all of the claimant's income and against the tax attributable to income from directly related business operations of the claimant.
(bg)
Other entities. For claimants in a development zone under s. 238.395 (1) (e) or s. 560.795 (1) (e), 2009 stats., partnerships, limited liability companies, and tax-option corporations may not claim the credit under this subsection, but the eligibility for, and amount of, that credit shall be determined on the basis of their economic activity, not that of their shareholders, partners, or members. The corporation, partnership, or company shall compute the amount of the credit that may be claimed by each of its shareholders, partners, or members and shall provide that information to each of its shareholders, partners, or members. Partners, members of limited liability companies, and shareholders of tax-option corporations may claim the credit based on the partnership's, company's, or corporation's activities in proportion to their ownership interest and may offset it against the tax attributable to their income.
(c)
Credit precluded. If the certification of a person for tax benefits under s. 238.365 (3), 238.397 (4), or 238.398 (3) or s. 560.765 (3), 2009 stats., s. 560.797 (4), 2009 stats., or s. 560.798 (3), 2009 stats., is revoked, or if the person becomes ineligible for tax benefits under s. 238.395 (3) or s. 560.795 (3), 2009 stats., that person may not claim credits under this subsection for the taxable year that includes the day on which the certification is revoked; the taxable year that includes the day on which the person becomes ineligible for tax benefits; or succeeding taxable years and that person may not carry over unused credits from previous years to offset tax under this chapter for the taxable year that includes the day on which certification is revoked; the taxable year that includes the day on which the person becomes ineligible for tax benefits; or succeeding taxable years.
(d)
Carry-over precluded. If a person who is entitled under s. 238.395 (3) or s. 560.795 (3), 2009 stats., to claim tax benefits or certified under s. 238.365 (3), 238.397 (4), or 238.398 (3) or s. 560.765 (3), 2009 stats., s. 560.797 (4), 2009 stats., or s. 560.798 (3), 2009 stats., for tax benefits ceases business operations in the development zone during any of the taxable years that that zone exists, that person may not carry over to any taxable year following the year during which operations cease any unused credits from the taxable year during which operations cease or from previous taxable years.
(e)
Administration.
1.
Section 71.28 (4) (e) to (h), as it applies to the credit under s. 71.28 (4), applies to the credit under this subsection. Claimants shall include with their returns a copy of their certification for tax benefits and a copy of the department of commerce's verification of their expenses.
2.
The credit under this subsection may not be claimed by partnerships, limited liability companies, and tax-option corporations but the eligibility for, and the amount of, that credit shall be determined on the basis of their economic activity, not that of their shareholders, partners, or members. The corporation, partnership, or limited liability company shall compute the amount of credit that may be claimed by each of its shareholders, partners, or members and shall provide that information to each of its shareholders, partners, or members. That credit may be claimed by partners, members of limited liability companies, and shareholders of tax-option corporations in proportion to their ownership interests.
(1dy)
Economic development tax credit.
(a)
Definition. In this subsection, “claimant" means a person who files a claim under this subsection and is certified under s. 238.301 (2) or s. 560.701 (2), 2009 stats., and authorized to claim tax benefits under s. 238.303 or s. 560.703, 2009 stats.
(b)
Filing claims. Subject to the limitations under this subsection and ss. 238.301 to 238.306 or s. 560.701 to 560.706, 2009 stats., for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2008, a claimant may claim as a credit against the tax imposed under s. 71.43, up to the amount of the tax, the amount authorized for the claimant under s. 238.303 or s. 560.703, 2009 stats.
(c)
Limitations.
1.
No credit may be allowed under this subsection unless the claimant includes with the claimant's return a copy of the claimant's certification under s. 238.301 (2) or s. 560.701 (2), 2009 stats., and a copy of the claimant's notice of eligibility to receive tax benefits under s. 238.303 (3) or s. 560.703 (3), 2009 stats.
2.
Partnerships, limited liability companies, and tax-option corporations may not claim the credit under this subsection, but the eligibility for, and the amount of, the credit are based on their authorization to claim tax benefits under s. 238.303 or s. 560.703, 2009 stats. A partnership, limited liability company, or tax-option corporation shall compute the amount of credit that each of its partners, members, or shareholders may claim and shall provide that information to each of them. Partners, members of limited liability companies, and shareholders of tax-option corporations may claim the credit in proportion to their ownership interests.
(d)
Administration.
1.
Except as provided in subd. 2., sub. (4) (e) and (f), as it applies to the credit under sub. (4), applies to the credit under this subsection.
2.
If a claimant's certification is revoked under s. 238.305 or s. 560.705, 2009 stats., or if a claimant becomes ineligible for tax benefits under s. 238.302 or s. 560.702, 2009 stats., the claimant may not claim credits under this subsection for the taxable year that includes the day on which the certification is revoked; the taxable year that includes the day on which the claimant becomes ineligible for tax benefits; or succeeding taxable years and the claimant may not carry over unused credits from previous years to offset the tax imposed under s. 71.43 for the taxable year that includes the day on which certification is revoked; the taxable year that includes the day on which the claimant becomes ineligible for tax benefits; or succeeding taxable years.
3.
Subsection (4) (g) and (h), as it applies to the credit under sub. (4), applies to the credit under this subsection.
(2)
Farmland preservation credit. The farmland preservation credit under subch. IX may be claimed against taxes otherwise due.
(3)
Manufacturing sales tax credit.
(a)
In this subsection:
1.
“Manufacturing" has the meaning given in s. 77.54 (6m), 2007 stats.
2.
“Sales and use tax under ch. 77 paid by the corporation" includes use taxes paid directly by the corporation and sales and use taxes paid by the corporation's supplier and passed on to the corporation whether separately stated on the invoice or included in the total price.
(b)
The tax imposed upon or measured by corporation Wisconsin net income under s. 71.43 (1) or (2) shall be reduced by an amount equal to the sales and use tax under ch. 77 paid by the corporation in such taxable year on fuel and electricity consumed in manufacturing tangible personal property in this state. Shareholders of a tax-option corporation and partners may claim the credit under this subsection, based on eligible sales and use taxes paid by the tax-option corporation or partnership, in proportion to the ownership interest of each shareholder or partner. The tax-option corporation or partnership shall calculate the amount of the credit that may be claimed by each shareholder or partner and shall provide that information to the shareholder or partner.
(c)
1.
Except as provided in subd. 7., if the credit computed under par. (b) is not entirely offset against Wisconsin income or franchise taxes otherwise due, the unused balance shall be carried forward and credited against Wisconsin income or franchise taxes otherwise due for the following 20 taxable years to the extent not offset by these taxes otherwise due in all intervening years between the year in which the expense was incurred and the year in which the carry-forward credit is claimed.
2.
For shareholders in a tax-option corporation, the credit may be offset only against the tax imposed on the shareholder's prorated share of the tax-option corporation's income.
3.
For partners, the credit may be offset only against the tax imposed on the partner's distributive share of partnership income.
4.
If a tax-option corporation becomes liable for tax for a taxable year that begins on or after January 1, 1998, the corporation may offset the credit against the tax due, with any remaining credit computed for a taxable year that begins on or after January 1, 1998, passing through to the shareholders.
5.
If a corporation that is not a tax-option corporation has a carry-over credit from a taxable year that begins on or after January 1, 1998, and becomes a tax-option corporation before the credit carried over is used, the unused portion of the credit may be used by the tax-option corporation's shareholders on a prorated basis.
6.
If the shareholders of a tax-option corporation have carry-over credits and the corporation becomes a corporation other than a tax-option corporation after October 14, 1997, and before the credits carried over are used, the unused portion of the credits may be used by the corporation that is not a tax-option corporation.
7.
No credit may be claimed under this subsection for taxable years that begin after December 31, 2005. For credits that are claimed but unused under this subsection for taxable years that begin before January 1, 2005, up to 50 percent may be used in each of the following 2 taxable years if the taxpayer has $25,000 or less in unused credits as of January 1, 2006. For taxable years beginning after December 31, 2005, and before January 1, 2008, a taxpayer who has more than $25,000 in unused credits as of January 1, 2006, may deduct an amount in each year that is equal to 50 percent of the amount the taxpayer added back to income under s. 71.45 (2) (a) 10. at the time that the taxpayer first claimed the credit or, with regard to credits passed through from a partnership, limited liability company, or tax-option corporation, 50 percent of the amount that the entity added back to its income and was included in the partner's, member's, or shareholder's Wisconsin net income at the time that the credit was first claimed.
(3g)
Technology zones credit.
(a)
Subject to the limitations under this subsection and ss. 73.03 (35m) and 238.23 and s. 560.96, 2009 stats., a business that is certified under s. 238.23 (3) or s. 560.96 (3), 2009 stats., may claim as a credit against the taxes imposed under s. 71.43 an amount equal to the sum of the following, as established under s. 238.23 (3) (c) or s. 560.96 (3) (c), 2009 stats.:
1.
The amount of real and personal property taxes imposed under s. 70.01 that the business paid in the taxable year.
2.
Ten percent of the following amounts of capital investments that are made by the business in the technology zone in the year to which the claim relates:
a.
The purchase price of depreciable, tangible personal property.
b.
The amount expended to acquire, construct, rehabilitate, remodel, or repair real property in a technology zone.
3.
Fifteen percent of the amount that is spent for the first 12 months of wages for each job that is created in a technology zone after certification.
(b)
The department of revenue shall notify the department of commerce or the Wisconsin Economic Development Corporation of all claims under this subsection.
(c)
Section 71.28 (4) (e), (f), (g), and (h), as it applies to the credit under s. 71.28 (4), applies to the credit under par. (a).
(d)
Partnerships, limited liability companies, and tax-option corporations may not claim the credit under this subsection, but the eligibility for, and the amount of, the credit are based on their payment of amounts under par. (a). A partnership, limited liability company, or tax-option corporation shall compute the amount of credit that each of its partners, members, or shareholders may claim and shall provide that information to each of them. Partners, members of limited liability companies, and shareholders of tax-option corporations may claim the credit in proportion to their ownership interest.
(e)
1.
No amount described under par. (a) 2. may be used in the calculation of a credit under this subsection if that amount is used in the calculation of any other credit under this chapter.
2.
The investments that relate to the amount described under par. (a) 2. for which a claimant makes a claim under this subsection must be retained for use in the technology zone for the period during which the claimant's business is certified under s. 238.23 (3) or s. 560.96 (3), 2009 stats.
(f)
No credit may be allowed under this subsection unless the claimant includes with the claimant's return:
1.
A copy of the verification that the claimant's business is certified under s. 238.23 (3) or s. 560.96 (3), 2009 stats., and that the business has entered into an agreement under s. 238.23 (3) (d) or s. 560.96 (3) (d), 2009 stats.
2.
A statement from the department of commerce or the Wisconsin Economic Development Corporation verifying the purchase price of the investment described under par. (a) 2. and verifying that the investment fulfills the requirement under par. (e) 2.
(3h)
Biodiesel fuel production credit.
(a)
Definitions. In this subsection:
1.
“Biodiesel fuel" has the meaning given in s. 168.14 (2m) (a).
2.
“Claimant" means a person who is engaged in the business of producing biodiesel fuel in this state and who files a claim under this subsection.
(b)
Filing claims. Subject to the limitations provided in this subsection, for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2011, and before January 1, 2014, for a claimant who produces at least 2,500,000 gallons of biodiesel fuel in this state in the taxable year, a claimant may claim as a credit against the tax imposed under s. 71.43, up to the amount of the tax, an amount that is equal to the number of gallons of biodiesel fuel produced by the claimant in this state in the taxable year multiplied by 10 cents.
(c)
Limitations.
1.
The maximum amount of the credit that a claimant may claim under this subsection in a taxable year is $1,000,000.
2.
Partnerships, limited liability companies, and tax-option corporations may not claim the credit under this subsection, but the eligibility for, and the amount of, the credit are based on their biodiesel fuel production, as described under par. (b). A partnership, limited liability company, or tax-option corporation shall compute the amount of credit that each of its partners, members, or shareholders may claim and shall provide that information to each of them. Partners, members of limited liability companies, and shareholders of tax-option corporations may claim the credit in proportion to their ownership interests.
(d)
Administration.
1.
Section 71.28 (4) (e) to (h) as it applies to the credit under s. 71.28 (4), applies to the credit under this subsection.
2.
No credit may be claimed under this subsection for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2013. Credits under this subsection for taxable years that begin before January 1, 2014, may be carried forward to taxable years that begin after December 31, 2013.
(3n)
Dairy and livestock farm investment credit.
(a)
In this subsection:
1.
“Claimant" means a person who files a claim under this subsection.
1m.
“Dairy animals" includes heifers raised as replacement dairy animals.
1p.
“Dairy farm" includes a facility used to raise heifers as replacement dairy animals.
2.
“Dairy farm modernization or expansion" means the construction, the improvement, or the acquisition of buildings or facilities, or the acquisition of equipment, for dairy animal housing, confinement, animal feeding, milk production, or waste management, including the following, if used exclusively related to dairy animals and if acquired and placed in service in this state during taxable years that begin after December 31, 2003, and before January 1, 2014:
a.
Freestall barns.
b.
Fences.
c.
Watering facilities.
d.
Feed storage and handling equipment.
e.
Milking parlors.
f.
Robotic equipment.
g.
Scales.
h.
Milk storage and cooling facilities.
i.
Bulk tanks.
j.
Manure pumping and storage facilities.
k.
Digesters.
L.
Equipment used to produce energy.
4.
“Livestock" means cattle, not including dairy animals; swine; poultry, including farm-raised pheasants, but not including other farm-raised game birds or ratites; fish that are raised in aquaculture facilities; sheep; and goats.
5.
“Livestock farm modernization or expansion" means the construction, the improvement, or the acquisition of buildings or facilities, or the acquisition of equipment, for livestock housing, confinement, feeding, or waste management, including the following, if used exclusively related to livestock and if acquired and placed in service in this state during taxable years that begin after December 31, 2005, and before January 1, 2014:
a.
Birthing structures.
b.
Rearing structures.
c.
Feedlot structures.
d.
Feed storage and handling equipment.
e.
Fences.
f.
Watering facilities.
g.
Scales.
h.
Manure pumping and storage facilities.
i.
Digesters.
j.
Equipment used to produce energy.
k.
Fish hatchery buildings.
L.
Fish processing buildings.
m.
Fish rearing ponds.
6.
a.
For taxable years that begin after December 31, 2003, and before January 1, 2006, “used exclusively," related to dairy animals, means used to the exclusion of all other uses except for use not exceeding 5 percent of total use.
b.
For taxable years that begin after December 31, 2005, and before January 1, 2014, “used exclusively," related to livestock, dairy animals, or both, means used to the exclusion of all other uses except for use not exceeding 5 percent of total use.
(b)
1.
Subject to the limitations provided in this subsection, for taxable years that begin after December 31, 2003, and before January 1, 2014, a claimant may claim as a credit against the tax imposed under s. 71.43 an amount equal to 10 percent of the amount the claimant paid in the taxable year for dairy farm modernization or expansion related to the operation of the claimant's dairy farm.
2.
Subject to the limitations provided in this subsection, for taxable years that begin after December 31, 2005, and before January 1, 2014, a claimant may claim as a credit against the tax imposed under s. 71.43 an amount equal to 10 percent of the amount the claimant paid in the taxable year for livestock farm modernization or expansion related to the operation of the claimant's livestock farm.
(c)
No credit may be allowed under this subsection for any amount that the claimant paid for expenses described under par. (b) that the claimant also claimed as a deduction under section 162 of the Internal Revenue Code.
(d)
The aggregate amount of credits that a claimant may claim under this subsection is $75,000, except that no more than $50,000 of this amount may be based on costs incurred prior to May 27, 2010.
(e)
1.
Partnerships, limited liability companies, and tax-option corporations may not claim the credit under this subsection, but the eligibility for, and the amount of, the credit are based on their payment of expenses under par. (b), except that the aggregate amount of credits that the entity may compute shall not exceed the limitation under par. (d). A partnership, limited liability company, or tax-option corporation shall compute the amount of credit that each of its partners, members, or shareholders may claim and shall provide that information to each of them. Partners, members of limited liability companies, and shareholders of tax-option corporations may claim the credit in proportion to their ownership interest.
2.
If 2 or more persons own and operate the dairy or livestock farm, each person may claim a credit under par. (b) in proportion to his or her ownership interest, except that the aggregate amount of the credits claimed by all persons who own and operate the farm shall not exceed the limitation under par. (d).
(f)
Section 71.28 (4) (e), (f), (g), and (h), as it applies to the credit under s. 71.28 (4), applies to the credit under this subsection.
(g)
No credit may be claimed under this subsection for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2013. Credits under this subsection for taxable years that begin before January 1, 2014, may be carried forward to taxable years that begin after December 31, 2013.
(3q)
Jobs tax credit.
(a)
Definitions. In this subsection:
1.
“Claimant" means a person certified to receive tax benefits under s. 238.16 (2) or s. 560.2055 (2), 2009 stats.
2.
“Eligible employee" means, for taxable years beginning before January 1, 2011, an eligible employee under s. 560.2055 (1) (b), 2009 stats., who satisfies the wage requirements under s. 560.2055 (3) (a) or (b), 2009 stats., or, for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2010, an eligible employee under s. 238.16 (1) (b) who satisfies the wage requirements under s. 238.16 (3) (a) or (b).
(b)
Filing claims. Subject to the limitations provided in this subsection and s. 238.16 or s. 560.2055, 2009 stats., for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2009, a claimant may claim as a credit against the taxes imposed under s. 71.43 any of the following:
1.
The amount of wages that the claimant paid to an eligible employee in the taxable year, not to exceed 10 percent of such wages, as determined under s. 238.16 or s. 560.2055, 2009 stats.
2.
The amount of the costs incurred by the claimant in the taxable year, as determined under s. 238.16 or s. 560.2055, 2009 stats., to undertake the training activities described under s. 238.16 (3) (c) or s. 560.2055 (3) (c), 2009 stats.
(c)
Limitations.
1.
a.
Except as provided in subd. 1. b., partnerships, limited liability companies, and tax-option corporations may not claim the credit under this subsection, but the eligibility for, and the amount of, the credit are based on their payment of amounts under par. (b). A partnership, limited liability company, or tax-option corporation shall compute the amount of credit that each of its partners, members, or shareholders may claim and shall provide that information to each of them. Partners, members of limited liability companies, and shareholders of tax-option corporations may claim the credit in proportion to their ownership interests.
b.
For taxable years beginning after December 31, 2020, partnerships, limited liability companies, and tax-option corporations may elect to claim the credit under this subsection, if the credit results from a contract entered into with the Wisconsin Economic Development Corporation before December 22, 2017. A partnership, limited liability company, or tax-option corporation that wishes to make the election under this subd. 1. b. shall make the election for each taxable year on its original return and cannot subsequently make or revoke the election. If a partnership, limited liability company, or tax-option corporation elects to claim the credit under this subsection, the partners, members, and shareholders cannot claim the credit under this subsection. The credit cannot be claimed under this subd. 1. b. if one or more partners, members, or shareholders have claimed the credit under this subsection for the same taxable year for which the credit is claimed under this subd. 1. b.
2.
No credit may be allowed under this subsection unless the claimant includes with the claimant's return a copy of the claimant's certification for tax benefits under s. 238.16 (2) or s. 560.2055 (2), 2009 stats.
3.
The maximum amount of credits that may be awarded under this subsection and ss. 71.07 (3q) and 71.28 (3q) for the period beginning on January 1, 2010, and ending on June 30, 2013, is $14,500,000, not including the amount of any credits reallocated under s. 238.15 (3) (d), 2015 stats., or s. 560.205 (3) (d), 2009 stats.
(d)
Administration.
1.
Section 71.28 (4) (e), (g), and (h), as it applies to the credit under s. 71.28 (4), applies to the credit under this subsection.
2.
If the allowable amount of the claim under par. (b) exceeds the tax otherwise due under s. 71.43, the amount of the claim not used to offset the tax due shall be certified by the department of revenue to the department of administration for payment by check, share draft, or other draft drawn from the appropriation account under s. 20.835 (2) (bb), except that the amounts certified under this subdivision for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2009, and before January 1, 2012, shall be paid in taxable years beginning after December 31, 2011. Notwithstanding s. 71.82, no interest shall be paid on amounts certified under this subdivision.
(3t)
Manufacturing investment credit.
(a)
Definition. In this subsection, “claimant" means a person who files a claim under this subsection.
(b)
Credit. Subject to the limitations provided in this subsection and in s. 560.28, 2009 stats., for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2007, a claimant may claim as a credit, amortized over 15 taxable years starting with the taxable year beginning after December 31, 2007, against the tax imposed under s. 71.43, up to the amount of the tax, an amount equal to the claimant's unused credits under s. 71.47 (3).
(c)
Limitations.
1.
No credit may be claimed under this subsection unless the claimant submits with the claimant's return a copy of the claimant's certification by the department of commerce under s. 560.28, 2009 stats., except that, with regard to credits claimed by partners of a partnership, members of a limited liability company, or shareholders of a tax-option corporation, the entity shall provide a copy of its certification under s. 560.28, 2009 stats., to the partner, member, or shareholder to submit with his or her return.
2.
Partnerships, limited liability companies, and tax-option corporations may not claim the credit under this subsection, but the eligibility for, and the amount of, the credit are based on the amount of their unused credits under s. 71.47 (3). A partnership, limited liability company, or tax-option corporation shall compute the amount of credit that each of its partners, members, or shareholders may claim and shall provide that information to each of them. Partners, members of limited liability companies, and shareholders of tax-option corporations may claim the credit in proportion to their ownership interest.
(d)
Administration.
1.
Section 71.28 (4) (e), (g), and (h), as it applies to the credit under s. 71.28 (4), applies to the credit under this subsection.
2.
The amount of any unused credit under this subsection in any taxable year may be carried forward to subsequent taxable years, up to 15 taxable years.
(3w)
Enterprise zone jobs credit.
(a)
Definitions. In this subsection:
1.
“Base year" means the taxable year beginning during the calendar year prior to the calendar year in which the enterprise zone in which the claimant is located takes effect.
2.
“Claimant" means a person who is certified to claim tax benefits under s. 238.399 (5) or s. 560.799 (5), 2009 stats., and who files a claim under this subsection.
3.
“Full-time employee" means a full-time employee, as defined in s. 238.399 (1) (am) or s. 560.799 (1) (am), 2009 stats.
4.
“Enterprise zone" means a zone designated under s. 238.399 or s. 560.799, 2009 stats.
5.
“State payroll" means the amount of payroll apportioned to this state, as determined under s. 71.45 (3) (b).
5d.
“Tier I county or municipality" means a tier I county or municipality, as determined under s. 238.399 or s. 560.799, 2009 stats.
5e.
“Tier II county or municipality" means a tier II county or municipality, as determined under s. 238.399 or s. 560.799, 2009 stats.
5m.
“Wages" means wages under section 3306 (b) of the Internal Revenue Code, determined without regard to any dollar limitations.
6.
“Zone payroll" means the amount of state payroll that is attributable to wages paid to full-time employees for services that are performed in an enterprise zone. “Zone payroll" does not include the amount of wages paid to any full-time employees that exceeds $100,000.
(b)
Filing claims; payroll. Subject to the limitations provided in this subsection and s. 238.399 or s. 560.799, 2009 stats., a claimant may claim as a credit against the tax imposed under s. 71.43 an amount calculated as follows:
1.
Determine the amount that is the lesser of:
a.
The number of full-time employees whose annual wages are greater than the amount determined by multiplying 2,080 by 150 percent of the federal minimum wage in a tier I county or municipality or greater than $30,000 in a tier II county or municipality and who the claimant employed in the enterprise zone in the taxable year, minus the number of full-time employees whose annual wages were greater than the amount determined by multiplying 2,080 by 150 percent of the federal minimum wage in a tier I county or municipality or greater than $30,000 in a tier II county or municipality and who the claimant employed in the area that comprises the enterprise zone in the base year.
b.
The number of full-time employees whose annual wages are greater than the amount determined by multiplying 2,080 by 150 percent of the federal minimum wage in a tier I county or municipality or greater than $30,000 in a tier II county or municipality and who the claimant employed in the state in the taxable year, minus the number of full-time employees whose annual wages were greater than the amount determined by multiplying 2,080 by 150 percent of the federal minimum wage in a tier I county or municipality or greater than $30,000 in a tier II county or municipality and who the claimant employed in the state in the base year.
2.
Determine the claimant's average zone payroll by dividing total wages for full-time employees whose annual wages are greater than the amount determined by multiplying 2,080 by 150 percent of the federal minimum wage in a tier I county or municipality or greater than $30,000 in a tier II county or municipality and who the claimant employed in the enterprise zone in the taxable year by the number of full-time employees whose annual wages are greater than the amount determined by multiplying 2,080 by 150 percent of the federal minimum wage in a tier I county or municipality or greater than $30,000 in a tier II county or municipality and who the claimant employed in the enterprise zone in the taxable year.
3.
For employees in a tier I county or municipality, subtract the amount determined by multiplying 2,080 by 150 percent of the federal minimum wage from the amount determined under subd. 2. and for employees in a tier II county or municipality, subtract $30,000 from the amount determined under subd. 2.
4.
Multiply the amount determined under subd. 3. by the amount determined under subd. 1.
5.
Multiply the amount determined under subd. 4. by the percentage determined under s. 238.399 or s. 560.799, 2009 stats., not to exceed 7 percent.
(bm)
Filing supplemental claims.
1.
In addition to the credits under par. (b) and subds. 2., 3., and 4., and subject to the limitations provided in this subsection and s. 238.399 or s. 560.799, 2009 stats., a claimant may claim as a credit against the tax imposed under s. 71.43 an amount equal to a percentage, as determined under s. 238.399 or s. 560.799, 2009 stats., not to exceed 100 percent, of the amount the claimant paid in the taxable year to upgrade or improve the job-related skills of any of the claimant's full-time employees, to train any of the claimant's full-time employees on the use of job-related new technologies, or to provide job-related training to any full-time employee whose employment with the claimant represents the employee's first full-time job. This subdivision does not apply to employees who do not work in an enterprise zone.
2.
In addition to the credits under par. (b) and subds. 1., 3., and 4., and subject to the limitations provided in this subsection and s. 238.399 or s. 560.799, 2009 stats., a claimant may claim as a credit against the tax imposed under s. 71.43 an amount equal to the percentage, as determined under s. 238.399 or s. 560.799, 2009 stats., not to exceed 7 percent, of the claimant's zone payroll paid in the taxable year to all of the claimant's full-time employees whose annual wages are greater than the amount determined by multiplying 2,080 by 150 percent of the federal minimum wage in a tier I county or municipality, not including the wages paid to the employees determined under par. (b) 1., or greater than $30,000 in a tier II county or municipality, not including the wages paid to the employees determined under par. (b) 1., and who the claimant employed in the enterprise zone in the taxable year, if the total number of such employees is equal to or greater than the total number of such employees in the base year. A claimant may claim a credit under this subdivision for no more than 5 consecutive taxable years.
3.
In addition to the credits under par. (b) and subds. 1., 2., and 4., and subject to the limitations provided in this subsection and s. 238.399 or s. 560.799, 2009 stats., for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2008, a claimant may claim as a credit against the tax imposed under s. 71.43 up to 10 percent of the claimant's significant capital expenditures, as determined under s. 238.399 (5m) or s. 560.799 (5m), 2009 stats.
4.
In addition to the credits under par. (b) and subds. 1., 2., and 3., and subject to the limitations provided in this subsection and s. 238.399 or s. 560.799, 2009 stats., for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2009, a claimant may claim as a credit against the tax imposed under s. 71.43, up to 1 percent of the amount that the claimant paid in the taxable year to purchase tangible personal property, items, property, or goods under s. 77.52 (1) (b), (c), or (d), or services from Wisconsin vendors, as determined under s. 238.399 (5) (e) or s. 560.799 (5) (e), 2009 stats., except that the claimant may not claim the credit under this subdivision and subd. 3. for the same expenditures.
(c)
Limitations.
1.
If the allowable amount of the claim under this subsection exceeds the taxes otherwise due on the claimant's income under s. 71.43, the amount of the claim that is not used to offset those taxes shall be certified by the department of revenue to the department of administration for payment by check, share draft, or other draft drawn from the appropriation under s. 20.835 (2) (co). Notwithstanding s. 71.82, no interest shall be paid on amounts certified under this subdivision.
2.
a.
Except as provided in subd. 2. b., partnerships, limited liability companies, and tax-option corporations may not claim the credit under this subsection, but the eligibility for, and the amount of, the credit are based on their payment of amounts described under pars. (b) and (bm). A partnership, limited liability company, or tax-option corporation shall compute the amount of credit that each of its partners, members, or shareholders may claim and shall provide that information to each of them. Partners, members of limited liability companies, and shareholders of tax-option corporations may claim the credit in proportion to their ownership interests.
b.
For taxable years beginning after December 31, 2020, partnerships, limited liability companies, and tax-option corporations may elect to claim the credit under this subsection, if the credit results from a contract entered into with the Wisconsin Economic Development Corporation before December 22, 2017. A partnership, limited liability company, or tax-option corporation that wishes to make the election under this subd. 2. b. shall make the election for each taxable year on its original return and cannot subsequently make or revoke the election. If a partnership, limited liability company, or tax-option corporation elects to claim the credit under this subsection, the partners, members, and shareholders cannot claim the credit under this subsection. The credit cannot be claimed under this subd. 2. b. if one or more partners, members, or shareholders have claimed the credit under this subsection for the same taxable year for which the credit is claimed under this subd. 2. b.
3.
No credit may be allowed under this subsection unless the claimant includes with the claimant's return a copy of the claimant's certification for tax benefits under s. 238.399 (5) or (5m) or s. 560.799 (5) or (5m), 2009 stats.
4.
No claimant may claim a credit under this subsection if the basis for which the credit is claimed is also the basis for which another credit is claimed under this subchapter.
(d)
Administration. Section 71.28 (4) (g) and (h), as it applies to the credit under s. 71.28 (4), applies to the credit under this subsection. Claimants shall include with their returns a copy of their certification for tax benefits, and a copy of the verification of their expenses, from the department of commerce or the Wisconsin Economic Development Corporation.
(3y)
Business development credit.
(a)
Definitions. In this subsection:
1.
“Claimant" means a person certified to receive tax benefits under s. 238.308.
2.
“Eligible employee" has the meaning given in s. 238.308 (1).
(b)
Filing claims. Subject to the limitations provided in this subsection and s. 238.308, for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2015, a claimant may claim as a credit against the tax imposed under s. 71.43 all of the following:
1.
The amount of wages that the claimant paid to an eligible employee in the taxable year, not to exceed 10 percent of such wages, as determined by the Wisconsin Economic Development Corporation under s. 238.308.
2.
In addition to any amount claimed for an eligible employee under subd. 1., the amount of wages that the claimant paid to the eligible employee in the taxable year, not to exceed 5 percent of such wages, if the eligible employee is employed in an economically distressed area, as determined by the Wisconsin Economic Development Corporation.
3.
The amount of training costs that the claimant incurred under s. 238.308 (4) (a) 3., not to exceed 50 percent of such costs, as determined by the Wisconsin Economic Development Corporation.
4.
The amount of the personal property investment, not to exceed 3 percent of such investment, and the amount of the real property investment, not to exceed 5 percent of such investment, in a capital investment project that satisfies s. 238.308 (4) (a) 4., as determined by the Wisconsin Economic Development Corporation.
5.
An amount, as determined by the Wisconsin Economic Development Corporation under s. 238.308 (4) (a) 5., equal to a percentage of the amount of wages that the claimant paid to an eligible employee in the taxable year if the position in which the eligible employee was employed was created or retained in connection with the claimant's location or retention of the claimant's corporate headquarters in Wisconsin and the job duties associated with the eligible employee's position involve the performance of corporate headquarters functions.
(c)
Limitations.
1.
a.
Except as provided in subd. 1. b., partnerships, limited liability companies, and tax-option corporations may not claim the credit under this subsection, but the eligibility for, and the amount of, the credit are based on their payment of amounts under par. (b). A partnership, limited liability company, or tax-option corporation shall compute the amount of credit that each of its partners, members, or shareholders may claim and shall provide that information to each of them. Partners, members of limited liability companies, and shareholders of tax-option corporations may claim the credit in proportion to their ownership interests.
b.
For taxable years beginning after December 31, 2020, partnerships, limited liability companies, and tax-option corporations may elect to claim the credit under this subsection, if the credit results from a contract entered into with the Wisconsin Economic Development Corporation before December 22, 2017. A partnership, limited liability company, or tax-option corporation that wishes to make the election under this subd. 1. b. shall make the election for each taxable year on its original return and cannot subsequently make or revoke the election. If a partnership, limited liability company, or tax-option corporation elects to claim the credit under this subsection, the partners, members, and shareholders cannot claim the credit under this subsection. The credit cannot be claimed under this subd. 1. b. if one or more partners, members, or shareholders have claimed the credit under this subsection for the same taxable year for which the credit is claimed under this subd. 1. b.
2.
No credit may be allowed under this subsection unless the claimant includes with the claimant's return a copy of the claimant's certification for tax benefits under s. 238.308.
(d)
Administration.
1.
Section 71.28 (4) (e), (g), and (h), as it applies to the credit under s. 71.28 (4), applies to the credit under this subsection.
2.
If the allowable amount of the claim under par. (b) exceeds the tax otherwise due under s. 71.43, the amount of the claim not used to offset the tax due shall be certified by the department of revenue to the department of administration for payment by check, share draft, or other draft drawn from the appropriation account under s. 20.835 (2) (bg). Notwithstanding s. 71.82, no interest shall be paid on amounts certified under this subdivision.
(4)
Research credit.
(ab)
Definitions. In this subsection:
1.
“Frame" includes:
a.
Every part of a motorcycle, except the tires.
b.
In the case of a truck, the control system and the fuel and drive train, excluding any comfort features located in the cab or the tires.
c.
In the case of a generator, the control modules, fuel train, fuel scrubbing process, fuel mixers, generator, heat exchangers, exhaust train, and similar components.
2.
“Internal combustion engine" includes substitute products such as fuel cell, electric, and hybrid drives.
3.
“Vehicle" means any vehicle or frame, including parts, accessories, and component technologies, in which or on which an engine is mounted for use in mobile or stationary applications. “Vehicle" includes any truck, tractor, motorcycle, snowmobile, all-terrain vehicle, boat, personal watercraft, generator, construction equipment, lawn and garden maintenance equipment, automobile, van, sports utility vehicle, motor home, bus, or aircraft.
(ad)
Credit.
1.
Except as provided in subds. 2. and 3., for taxable years beginning before January 1, 2015, any corporation may credit against taxes otherwise due under this chapter an amount equal to 5 percent of the amount obtained by subtracting from the corporation's qualified research expenses, as defined in section 41 of the Internal Revenue Code, except that “qualified research expenses" includes only expenses incurred by the claimant, incurred for research conducted in this state for the taxable year, except that a taxpayer may elect the alternative computation under section 41 (c) (4) of the Internal Revenue Code and that election applies until the department permits its revocation, except as provided in par. (af), and except that “qualified research expenses" does not include compensation used in computing the credit under sub. (1dx), the corporation's base amount, as defined in section 41 (c) of the Internal Revenue Code, except that gross receipts used in calculating the base amount means gross receipts from sales attributable to Wisconsin under s. 71.25 (9) (b) 1. and 2., (df) 1. and 2., (dh) 1., 2., and 3., (dj), and (dk). Section 41 (h) of the Internal Revenue Code does not apply to the credit under this paragraph.
2.
For taxable years beginning after June 30, 2007, and before January 1, 2015, any corporation may credit against taxes otherwise due under this chapter an amount equal to 10 percent of the amount obtained by subtracting from the corporation's qualified research expenses, as defined in section 41 of the Internal Revenue Code, except that “qualified research expenses" includes only expenses incurred by the claimant for research related to designing internal combustion engines for vehicles, including expenses related to designing vehicles that are powered by such engines and improving production processes for such engines and vehicles, incurred for research conducted in this state for the taxable year, except that a taxpayer may elect the alternative computation under section 41 (c) (4) of the Internal Revenue Code and that election applies until the department permits its revocation, except as provided in par. (af), and except that “qualified research expenses" does not include compensation used in computing the credit under sub. (1dx), the corporation's base amount, as defined in section 41 (c) of the Internal Revenue Code, except that gross receipts used in calculating the base amount means gross receipts from sales attributable to Wisconsin under s. 71.25 (9) (b) 1. and 2., (df) 1. and 2., (dh) 1., 2., and 3., (dj), and (dk). Section 41 (h) of the Internal Revenue Code does not apply to the credit under this paragraph.
3.
For taxable years beginning after June 30, 2007, and before January 1, 2015, any corporation may credit against taxes otherwise due under this chapter an amount equal to 10 percent of the amount obtained by subtracting from the corporation's qualified research expenses, as defined in section 41 of the Internal Revenue Code, except that “qualified research expenses" includes only expenses incurred by the claimant for research related to the design and manufacturing of energy efficient lighting systems, building automation and control systems, or automotive batteries for use in hybrid-electric vehicles, that reduce the demand for natural gas or electricity or improve the efficiency of its use, incurred for research conducted in this state for the taxable year, except that a taxpayer may elect the alternative computation under section 41 (c) (4) of the Internal Revenue Code and that election applies until the department permits its revocation, except as provided in par. (af), and except that “qualified research expenses" does not include compensation used in computing the credit under sub. (1dx), the corporation's base amount, as defined in section 41 (c) of the Internal Revenue Code, except that gross receipts used in calculating the base amount means gross receipts from sales attributable to Wisconsin under s. 71.25 (9) (b) 1. and 2., (df) 1. and 2., (dh) 1., 2., and 3., (dj), and (dk). Section 41 (h) of the Internal Revenue Code does not apply to the credit under this paragraph.
4.
a.
Except as provided in subds. 5. and 6., for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2014, a corporation may claim a credit against the tax imposed under s. 71.43, as allocated under par. (d), an amount equal to 5.75 percent of the amount by which the corporation's qualified research expenses for the taxable year exceed 50 percent of the average qualified research expenses for the 3 taxable years immediately preceding the taxable year for which the claimant claims the credit. If the corporation had no qualified research expenses in any of the 3 taxable years immediately preceding the taxable year for which the claimant claims the credit, the claimant may claim an amount equal to 2.875 percent of the corporation's qualified research expenses for the taxable year for which the claimant claims the credit.
b.
For purposes of subd. 4. a., “qualified research expenses" means qualified research expenses as defined in section 41 of the Internal Revenue Code, except that “qualified research expenses" includes only expenses incurred by the claimant, incurred for research conducted in this state for the taxable year and does not include compensation used in computing the credit under sub. (1dx). Section 41 (f) (1), (2), (5), and (6) and (h) of the Internal Revenue Code does not apply to the credit under this subdivision.
5.
a.
For taxable years beginning after December 31, 2014, a corporation may claim a credit against the tax imposed under s. 71.43, as allocated under par. (d), an amount equal to 11.5 percent of the amount by which the corporation's qualified research expenses for the taxable year exceed 50 percent of the average qualified research expenses for the 3 taxable years immediately preceding the taxable year for which the claimant claims the credit. If the corporation had no qualified research expenses in any of the 3 taxable years immediately preceding the taxable year for which the claimant claims the credit, the claimant may claim an amount equal to 5.75 percent of the corporation's qualified research expenses for the taxable year for which the claimant claims the credit.
b.
For purposes of subd. 5. a., “qualified research expenses" means qualified research expenses as defined in section 41 of the Internal Revenue Code, except that “qualified research expenses" includes only expenses incurred by the claimant for research related to designing internal combustion engines for vehicles, including expenses related to designing vehicles that are powered by such engines and improving production processes for such engines and vehicles, incurred for research conducted in this state for the taxable year and does not include compensation used in computing the credit under sub. (1dx). Section 41 (f) (1), (2), (5), and (6) and (h) of the Internal Revenue Code does not apply to the credit under this subdivision.
6.
a.
For taxable years beginning after December 31, 2014, a corporation may claim a credit against the tax imposed under s. 71.43, as allocated under par. (d), an amount equal to 11.5 percent of the amount by which the corporation's qualified research expenses for the taxable year exceed 50 percent of the average qualified research expenses for the 3 taxable years immediately preceding the taxable year for which the claimant claims the credit. If the corporation had no qualified research expenses in any of the 3 taxable years immediately preceding the taxable year for which the claimant claims the credit, the claimant may claim an amount equal to 5.75 percent of the corporation's qualified research expenses for the taxable year for which the claimant claims the credit.
b.
For purposes of subd. 6. a., “qualified research expenses" means qualified research expenses as defined in section 41 of the Internal Revenue Code, except that “qualified research expenses" includes only expenses incurred by the claimant for research related to the design and manufacturing of energy efficient lighting systems, building automation and control systems, or automotive batteries for use in hybrid-electric vehicles, that reduce the demand for natural gas or electricity or improve the efficiency of its use, incurred for research conducted in this state for the taxable year and does not include compensation used in computing the credit under sub. (1dx). Section 41 (f) (1), (2), (5), and (6) and (h) of the Internal Revenue Code does not apply to the credit under this subdivision.
(af)
Computation. For taxable years beginning before January 1, 2015, if in any taxable year a corporation claims a credit under par. (ad) 1., 2., or 3., or any combination of those credits, the corporation may use a different computation method to calculate each of the credits and may choose to change the computation method once for each credit without the department's approval.
(am)
Development zone additional research credit. In addition to the credit under par. (ad), any corporation may credit against taxes otherwise due under this chapter an amount equal to 5 percent of the amount obtained by subtracting from the corporation's qualified research expenses, as defined in section 41 of the Internal Revenue Code, except that “qualified research expenses" include only expenses incurred by the claimant in a development zone under subch. II of ch. 238 or subch. VI of ch. 560, 2009 stats., except that a taxpayer may elect the alternative computation under section 41 (c) (4) of the Internal Revenue Code and that election applies until the department permits its revocation and except that “qualified research expenses" does not include research expenses incurred before the claimant is certified for tax benefits under s. 238.365 (3) or s. 560.765 (3), 2009 stats., or the corporation's base amount, as defined in section 41 (c) of the Internal Revenue Code, in a development zone, except that gross receipts used in calculating the base amount means gross receipts from sales attributable to Wisconsin under s. 71.25 (9) (b) 1. and 2., (df) 1. and 2., (dh) 1., 2., and 3., (dj), and (dk) and research expenses used in calculating the base amount include research expenses incurred before the claimant is certified for tax benefits under s. 238.365 (3) or s. 560.765 (3), 2009 stats., in a development zone, if the claimant submits with the claimant's return a copy of the claimant's certification for tax benefits under s. 238.365 (3) or s. 560.765 (3), 2009 stats., and a statement from the department of commerce or the Wisconsin Economic Development Corporation verifying the claimant's qualified research expenses for research conducted exclusively in a development zone. The rules under s. 73.03 (35) apply to the credit under this paragraph. Section 41 (h) of the Internal Revenue Code does not apply to the credit under this paragraph. No credit may be claimed under this paragraph for taxable years that begin on January 1, 1998, or thereafter. Credits under this paragraph for taxable years that begin before January 1, 1998, may be carried forward to taxable years that begin on January 1, 1998, or thereafter.
(b)
Adjustments. For taxable year 1985 and subsequent years, adjustments for acquisitions and dispositions of a major portion of a trade or business shall be made under section 41 of the internal revenue code as limited by this subsection.
(c)
Annualization. In the case of any short taxable year, qualified research expenses shall be annualized as prescribed by the department of revenue.
(d)
Proration. If a portion of qualified research expenses is incurred partly within and partly outside this state and the amount incurred in this state cannot be accurately determined, a portion of the qualified expenses shall be reasonably allocated to this state. Expenses incurred entirely outside this state for the benefit of research in this state are not allocable to this state under this paragraph.
(e)
Change of business or ownership. In the case of a change in ownership or business of a corporation, section 383 of the internal revenue code, as limited by this subsection, applies to the carry over of unused credits.
(f)
Carry-over. If a credit computed under this subsection is not entirely offset against Wisconsin income or franchise taxes otherwise due, the unused balance may be carried forward and credited against Wisconsin income or franchise taxes otherwise due for the following 15 taxable years to the extent not offset by these taxes otherwise due in all intervening years between the year in which the expense was incurred and the year in which the carry-forward credit is claimed.
(g)
Administration. The department of revenue has full power to administer the credits provided in this subsection and may take any action, conduct any proceeding and proceed as it is authorized in respect to income and franchise taxes imposed in this chapter. The income and franchise tax provisions in this chapter relating to assessments, refunds, appeals, collection, interest and penalties apply to the credits under this subsection.
(h)
Timely claim. No credit may be allowed under this subsection unless it is claimed within the period specified in s. 71.75 (2).
(i)
Nonclaimants. Except as provided in par. (j), the credits under this subsection may not be claimed by a partnership, except a publicly traded partnership treated as a corporation under s. 71.22 (1k), limited liability company, except a limited liability company treated as a corporation under s. 71.22 (1k), or tax-option corporation or by partners, including partners of a publicly traded partnership, members of a limited liability company or shareholders of a tax-option corporation.
(j)
Pass-through entities. Partnerships, limited liability companies, and tax-option corporations may not claim the credit under this subsection, but the eligibility for, and the amount of, the credit are based on their payment of amounts under par. (ad). A partnership, limited liability company, or tax-option corporation shall compute the amount of credit that each of its partners, members, or shareholders may claim and shall provide that information to each of them. Partners, members of limited liability companies, and shareholders of tax-option corporations may claim the credit in proportion to their ownership interests.
(k)
Refunds. Notwithstanding par. (f), for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2017, if the allowable amount of the claim under par. (ad) 4., 5., or 6. exceeds the tax otherwise due under s. 71.43, all of the following apply:
1.
a.
For taxable years beginning before January 1, 2021, the amount of the claim not used to offset the tax due, not to exceed 10 percent of the allowable amount of the claim under par. (ad) 4., 5., or 6., shall be certified by the department of revenue to the department of administration for payment by check, share draft, or other draft drawn from the appropriation account under s. 20.835 (2) (d).
b.
For taxable years beginning after December 31, 2020 and before January 1, 2024, the amount of the claim not used to offset the tax due, up to 15 percent of the allowable amount of the claim under par. (ad) 4., 5., or 6., shall be certified by the department of revenue to the department of administration for payment by check, share draft, or other draft drawn from the appropriation account under s. 20.835 (2) (d).
c.
For taxable years beginning after December 31, 2023, the amount of the claim not used to offset the tax due, not to exceed 25 percent of the allowable amount of the claim under par. (ad) 4., 5., or 6., shall be certified by the department of revenue to the department of administration for payment by check, share draft, or other draft drawn from the appropriation account under s. 20.835 (2) (d).
2.
The amount of the claim not used to offset the tax due and not certified for payment under subd. 1. may be carried forward and credited against Wisconsin income or franchise taxes otherwise due for the following 15 taxable years to the extent not offset by these taxes otherwise due in all intervening years between the year in which the expense was incurred and the year in which the carry-forward credit is claimed.
(4m)
Super research and development credit.
(a)
Definition. In this subsection, “qualified research expenses" means qualified research expenses as defined in section 41 of the Internal Revenue Code, except that “qualified research expenses" includes only expenses incurred by the claimant for research conducted in this state for the taxable year and except that “qualified research expenses" does not include compensation used in computing the credit under sub. (1dx).
(b)
Credit. Subject to the limitations provided under this subsection, for taxable years beginning on or after January 1, 2011, a corporation may claim as a credit against the tax imposed under s. 71.43, up to the amount of those taxes, an amount equal to the amount of qualified research expenses paid or incurred by the corporation in the taxable year that exceeds the amount calculated as follows:
1.
Determine the average amount of the qualified research expenses paid or incurred by the corporation in the 3 taxable years immediately preceding the taxable year for which a credit is claimed under this subsection.
2.
Multiply the amount determined under subd. 1. by 1.25.
(c)
Limitations. Section 71.28 (4) (b) to (d) and (i), as it applies to the credit under s. 71.28 (4), applies to the credit under this subsection.
(d)
Administration.
1.
Section 71.28 (4) (e), (g), and (h), as it applies to the credit under s. 71.28 (4), applies to the credit under this subsection.
2.
If a credit computed under this subsection is not entirely offset against Wisconsin income or franchise taxes otherwise due, the unused balance may be carried forward and credited against Wisconsin income or franchise taxes otherwise due for the following 5 taxable years to the extent not offset by these taxes otherwise due in all intervening years between the year in which the expense was incurred and the year in which the carry-forward credit is claimed.
3.
No credit may be claimed under this subsection for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2013. Credits under this subsection for taxable years that begin before January 1, 2014, may be carried forward to taxable years that begin after December 31, 2013.
(5)
Research facilities credit.
(ab)
Definitions. In this subsection:
1.
“Frame" includes:
a.
Every part of a motorcycle, except the tires.
b.
In the case of a truck, the control system and the fuel and drive train, excluding any comfort features located in the cab or the tires.
c.
In the case of a generator, the control modules, fuel train, fuel scrubbing process, fuel mixers, generator, heat exchangers, exhaust train, and similar components.
2.
“Internal combustion engine" includes substitute products such as fuel cell, electric, and hybrid drives.
3.
“Vehicle" means any vehicle or frame, including parts, accessories, and component technologies, in which or on which an engine is mounted for use in mobile or stationary applications. “Vehicle" includes any truck, tractor, motorcycle, snowmobile, all-terrain vehicle, boat, personal watercraft, generator, construction equipment, lawn and garden maintenance equipment, automobile, van, sports utility vehicle, motor home, bus, or aircraft.
(ad)
Credit.
1.
Except as provided in subds. 2. and 3., for taxable year 1986 and for taxable years that begin before January 1, 2014, any corporation may credit against taxes otherwise due under this chapter an amount equal to 5 percent of the amount paid or incurred by that corporation during the taxable year to construct and equip new facilities or expand existing facilities used in this state for qualified research, as defined in section 41 of the Internal Revenue Code. Eligible amounts include only amounts paid or incurred for tangible, depreciable property but do not include amounts paid or incurred for replacement property.
2.
For taxable years beginning after June 30, 2007, and before January 1, 2014, any corporation may credit against taxes otherwise due under this chapter an amount equal to 10 percent of the amount paid or incurred by that corporation during the taxable year to construct and equip new facilities or expand existing facilities used in this state for qualified research, as defined in section 41 of the Internal Revenue Code, except that “qualified research expenses" includes only expenses paid or incurred by the claimant for research related to designing internal combustion engines for vehicles, including expenses related to designing vehicles that are powered by such engines and improving production processes for such engines and vehicles. Eligible amounts include only amounts paid or incurred for tangible, depreciable property but do not include amounts paid or incurred for replacement property.
3.
For taxable years beginning after June 30, 2007, and before January 1, 2014, any corporation may credit against taxes otherwise due under this chapter an amount equal to 10 percent of the amount paid or incurred by that corporation during the taxable year to construct and equip new facilities or expand existing facilities used in this state for qualified research, as defined in section 41 of the Internal Revenue Code, except that “qualified research expenses" includes only expenses paid or incurred by the claimant for research related to the design and manufacturing of energy efficient lighting systems, building automation and control systems, or automotive batteries for use in hybrid-electric vehicles, that reduce the demand for natural gas or electricity or improve the efficiency of its use. Eligible amounts include only amounts paid or incurred for tangible, depreciable property but do not include amounts paid or incurred for replacement property.
(b)
Calculation and administration. Subsection (4) (b) to (i) as it relates to the credit under that subsection applies to the credit under this subsection.
(c)
Sunset. No credit may be claimed under this subsection for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2013. Credits under this subsection for taxable years that begin before January 1, 2014, may be carried forward to taxable years that begin after December 31, 2013.
(5b)
Early stage seed investment credit.
(a)
Definitions. In this subsection:
1.
“Claimant" means a person who files a claim under this subsection.
2.
“Fund manager" means an investment fund manager certified under s. 238.15 (2) or s. 560.205 (2), 2009 stats.
(b)
Filing claims.
1.
For taxable years beginning after December 31, 2004, subject to the limitations provided under this subsection and s. 238.15 or s. 560.205, 2009 stats., and except as provided in subd. 2., a claimant may claim as a credit against the tax imposed under s. 71.43, up to the amount of those taxes, 25 percent of the claimant's investment paid to a fund manager that the fund manager invests in a business certified under s. 238.15 (1) or s. 560.205 (1), 2009 stats.
2.
In the case of a partnership, limited liability company, or tax-option corporation, the computation of the 25 percent limitation under subd. 1. shall be determined at the entity level rather than the claimant level and may be allocated among the claimants who make investments in the manner set forth in the entity's organizational documents. The entity shall provide to the department of revenue and to the department of commerce or the Wisconsin Economic Development Corporation the names and tax identification numbers of the claimants, the amounts of the credits allocated to the claimants, and the computation of the allocations.
(c)
Limitations. Partnerships, limited liability companies, and tax-option corporations may not claim the credit under this subsection, but the eligibility for, and the amount of, the credit are based on their payment of amounts under par. (b). A partnership, limited liability company, or tax-option corporation shall compute the amount of credit that each of its partners, members, or shareholders may claim and shall provide that information to each of them. Partners, members of limited liability companies, and shareholders of tax-option corporations may claim the credit in proportion to their ownership interest or as specially allocated in their organizational documents.
(d)
Administration.
1.
Section 71.28 (4) (e) to (h), as it applies to the credit under s. 71.28 (4), applies to the credit under this subsection.
2.
The Wisconsin adjusted basis of any investment for which a credit is claimed under par. (b) shall be reduced by the amount of the credit that is offset against Wisconsin income taxes. The Wisconsin basis of a partner's interest in a partnership, a member's interest in a limited liability company, or stock in a tax-option corporation shall be adjusted to reflect adjustments made under this subdivision.
3.
Except as provided under s. 238.15 (3) (d), for investments made after December 31, 2007, if an investment for which a claimant claims a credit under par. (b) is held by the claimant for less than 3 years, the claimant shall pay to the department, in the manner prescribed by the department, the amount of the credit that the claimant received related to the investment.
(5e)
Internet equipment credit.
(a)
Definitions. In this subsection:
1.
“Claimant" means a person who files a claim under this subsection.
2.
“Internet equipment used in the broadband market" means equipment that is capable of transmitting data packets or Internet signals at speeds of at least 200 kilobits per second in either direction.
(b)
Filing claims. Subject to the limitations provided in this subsection and subject to 2005 Wisconsin Act 479, section 17, beginning in the first taxable year following the taxable year in which the claimant claims a deduction under s. 77.585 (9), a claimant may claim as a credit against the taxes imposed under s. 71.43, up to the amount of those taxes, in each taxable year for 2 years, the amount of sales and use tax certified by the department of commerce that resulted from the claimant claiming a deduction under s. 77.585 (9).
(c)
Limitations.
1.
No credit may be allowed under this subsection unless the claimant satisfies the requirements under s. 77.585 (9).
2.
Partnerships, limited liability companies, and tax-option corporations may not claim the credit under this subsection, but the eligibility for, and the amount of, the credit are based on their use of sales and use tax exemptions certified by the department of commerce as described under par. (b). A partnership, limited liability company, or tax-option corporation shall compute the amount of credit that each of its partners, members, or shareholders may claim and shall provide that information to each of them. Partners, members of limited liability companies, and shareholders of tax-option corporations may claim the credit in proportion to their ownership interests.
3.
The total amount of the credits and the sales and use tax resulting from the deductions claimed under s. 77.585 (9) that may be claimed by all claimants under this subsection and ss. 71.07 (5e), 71.28 (5e), and 77.585 (9) is $7,500,000, as determined by the department of commerce.
(d)
Administration.
1.
Section 71.28 (4) (e) to (h), as it applies to the credit under s. 71.28 (4), applies to the credit under this subsection.
2.
No credit may be claimed under this subsection for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2013. Credits under this subsection for taxable years that begin before January 1, 2014, may be carried forward to taxable years that begin after December 31, 2013.
(5g)
Health Insurance Risk-Sharing Plan assessments credit.
(a)
Definitions. In this subsection, “claimant" means an insurer, as defined in s. 149.10 (5), 2011 stats., who files a claim under this subsection.
(b)
Filing claims. Subject to the limitations provided under this subsection, for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2005, and before January 1, 2015, a claimant may claim as a credit against the taxes imposed under s. 71.43 an amount that is equal to the amount of assessment under s. 149.13, 2011 stats., that the claimant paid in the claimant's taxable year, multiplied by the percentage determined under par. (c) 1.
(c)
Limitations.
1.
The department of revenue, in consultation with the office of the commissioner of insurance, shall determine the percentage under par. (b) for each claimant for each taxable year. The percentage shall be equal to $5,000,000 divided by the aggregate assessment under s. 149.13, 2011 stats., except that for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2013, and before January 1, 2015, the percentage shall be equal to $1,250,000 divided by the aggregate assessment under s. 149.13, 2011 stats., and shall not exceed 100 percent. The office of the commissioner of insurance shall provide to each claimant that participates in the cost of administering the plan the aggregate assessment at the time that it notifies the claimant of the claimant's assessment. The aggregate amount of the credit under this subsection and ss. 71.07 (5g), 71.28 (5g), and 76.655 for all claimants participating in the cost of administering the plan under ch. 149, 2011 stats., shall not exceed $5,000,000 in each fiscal year.
2.
Partnerships, limited liability companies, and tax-option corporations may not claim the credit under this subsection, but the eligibility for, and the amount of, the credit are based on their payment of amounts described under par. (b). A partnership, limited liability company, or tax-option corporation shall compute the amount of credit that each of its partners, members, or shareholders may claim and shall provide that information to each of them. Partners, members of limited liability companies, and shareholders of tax-option corporations may claim the credit in proportion to their ownership interests.
3.
The amount of any credits that a claimant is awarded under this subsection for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2005, and before January 1, 2008, may first be claimed against the tax imposed under this subchapter for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2007, and in the manner determined by the department of revenue.
(d)
Administration.
1.
Section 71.28 (4) (e) to (h), as it applies to the credit under s. 71.28 (4), applies to the credit under this subsection.
2.
No credit may be claimed under this subsection for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2014. Credits under this subsection for taxable years that begin before January 1, 2015, may be carried forward to taxable years that begin after December 31, 2014.
(5i)
Electronic medical records credit.
(a)
Definitions. In this subsection, “claimant" means a person who files a claim under this subsection.
(b)
Filing claims. Subject to the limitations provided in this subsection, for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2011, and before January 1, 2014, a claimant may claim as a credit against the taxes imposed under s. 71.43, up to the amount of those taxes, an amount equal to 50 percent of the amount the claimant paid in the taxable year for information technology hardware or software that is used to maintain medical records in electronic form, if the claimant is a health care provider, as defined in s. 146.81 (1) (a) to (p).
(c)
Limitations.
1.
The maximum amount of the credits that may be claimed under this subsection and ss. 71.07 (5i) and 71.28 (5i) in a taxable year is $10,000,000, as allocated under s. 73.15 or s. 560.204, 2009 stats.
2.
Partnerships, limited liability companies, and tax-option corporations may not claim the credit under this subsection, but the eligibility for, and the amount of, the credit are based on their payment of amounts under par. (b). A partnership, limited liability company, or tax-option corporation shall compute the amount of credit that each of its partners, members, or shareholders may claim and shall provide that information to each of them. Partners, members of limited liability companies, and shareholders of tax-option corporations may claim the credit in proportion to their ownership interests.
3.
No credit may be claimed under this subsection based on an amount paid under par. (b) after December 31, 2013.
(d)
Administration. Section 71.28 (4) (e) to (h), as it applies to the credit under s. 71.28 (4), applies to the credit under this subsection.
(5j)
Ethanol and biodiesel fuel pump credit.
(a)
Definitions. In this subsection:
1.
“Biodiesel fuel" has the meaning given in s. 168.14 (2m) (a).
2.
“Claimant" means a person who files a claim under this subsection.
2d.
“Diesel replacement renewable fuel" includes biodiesel and any other fuel derived from a renewable resource that meets all of the applicable requirements of ASTM International for that fuel and that the department of safety and professional services designates by rule as a diesel replacement renewable fuel.
2m.
“Gasoline replacement renewable fuel" includes ethanol and any other fuel derived from a renewable resource that meets all of the applicable requirements of ASTM International for that fuel and that the department of safety and professional services designates by rule as a gasoline replacement renewable fuel.
3.
“Motor vehicle fuel" has the meaning given in s. 78.005 (13).
(b)
Filing claims. Subject to the limitations provided in this subsection, for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2007, and before January 1, 2014, a claimant may claim as a credit against the taxes imposed under s. 71.43, up to the amount of the taxes, an amount that is equal to 25 percent of the amount that the claimant paid in the taxable year to install or retrofit pumps located in this state that dispense motor vehicle fuel marketed as gasoline and 85 percent ethanol or a higher percentage of ethanol or motor vehicle fuel marketed as diesel fuel and 20 percent biodiesel fuel or that mix fuels from separate storage tanks and allow the end user to choose the percentage of gasoline replacement renewable fuel or diesel replacement renewable fuel in the motor vehicle fuel dispensed.
(c)
Limitations.
1.
The maximum amount of the credit that a claimant may claim under this subsection in a taxable year is an amount that is equal to $5,000 for each service station for which the claimant has installed or retrofitted pumps as described under par. (b).
2.
Partnerships, limited liability companies, and tax-option corporations may not claim the credit under this subsection, but the eligibility for, and the amount of, the credit are based on their payment of amounts under par. (b). A partnership, limited liability company, or tax-option corporation shall compute the amount of credit that each of its partners, members, or shareholders may claim and shall provide that information to each of them. Partners, members of limited liability companies, and shareholders of tax-option corporations may claim the credit in proportion to their ownership interests.
3.
The department of safety and professional services shall establish standards to adequately prevent, in the distribution of conventional fuel to an end user, the inadvertent distribution of fuel containing a higher percentage of renewable fuel than the maximum percentage established by the federal environmental protection agency for use in conventionally-fueled engines.
(d)
Administration.
1.
Section 71.28 (4) (e) to (h), as it applies to the credit under s. 71.28 (4), applies to the credit under this subsection.
2.
No credit may be claimed under this subsection for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2013. Credits under this subsection for taxable years that begin before January 1, 2014, may be carried forward to taxable years that begin after December 31, 2013.
(5k)
Community rehabilitation program credit.
(a)
Definitions. In this subsection:
1.
“Claimant" means a person who files a claim under this subsection.
2.
“Community rehabilitation program" means a nonprofit entity, county, municipality, or state or federal agency that directly provides, or facilitates the provision of, vocational rehabilitation services to individuals who have disabilities to maximize the employment opportunities, including career advancement, of such individuals.
3.
“Vocational rehabilitation services" include education, training, employment, counseling, therapy, placement, and case management.
4.
“Work" includes production, packaging, assembly, food service, custodial service, clerical service, and other commercial activities that improve employment opportunities for individuals who have disabilities.
(b)
Filing claims. Subject to the limitations provided in this subsection, for taxable years beginning after July 1, 2011, a claimant may claim as a credit against the tax imposed under s. 71.43, up to the amount of those taxes, an amount equal to 5 percent of the amount the claimant paid in the taxable year to a community rehabilitation program to perform work for the claimant's business, pursuant to a contract.
(c)
Limitations.
1.
The maximum amount of the credit that any claimant may claim under this subsection in a taxable year is $25,000 for each community rehabilitation program for which the claimant enters into a contract to have the community rehabilitation program perform work for the claimant's business.
2.
No credit may be claimed under this subsection unless the claimant submits with the claimant's return a form, as prescribed by the department of revenue, that verifies that the claimant has entered into a contract with a community rehabilitation program and that the program has received payment from the claimant for work provided by the program, consistent with par. (b).
3.
Partnerships, limited liability companies, and tax-option corporations may not claim the credit under this subsection, but the eligibility for, and the amount of, the credit are based on their payment of amounts under par. (b). A partnership, limited liability company, or tax-option corporation shall compute the amount of credit that each of its partners, members, or shareholders may claim and shall provide that information to each of them. Partners, members of limited liability companies, and shareholders of tax-option corporations may claim the credit in proportion to their ownership interests.
(d)
Administration. Section 71.28 (4) (e) to (h), as it applies to the credit under s. 71.28 (4), applies to the credit under this subsection.
(5r)
Postsecondary education credit.
(a)
Definitions. In this subsection:
1.
“Claimant" means a corporation that files a claim under this subsection.
2.
“Course of instruction" has the meaning given in s. 440.52 (1) (c).
3.
“Family member" has the meaning given in s. 71.07 (5r) (a) 3.
4.
“Managing employee" means an individual who wholly or partially exercises operational or managerial control over, or who directly or indirectly conducts, the operation of the claimant's business.
5.
“Paid or incurred" includes any amount paid by the claimant to reimburse an individual for the tuition that the individual paid or incurred.
6.
“Qualified postsecondary institution" means all of the following:
a.
A University of Wisconsin System institution, a technical college system institution, or a regionally accredited 4-year nonprofit college or university having its regional headquarters and principal place of business in this state.
b.
A school approved under s. 440.52, if the delivery of education occurs in this state.
(b)
Filing claims. Subject to the limitations provided in this subsection, a claimant may claim as a credit against the tax imposed under s. 71.43 an amount equal to the following:
1.
Twenty-five percent of the tuition that the claimant paid or incurred for an individual to participate in an education program of a qualified postsecondary institution, if the individual was enrolled in a course of instruction and eligible for a grant from the Federal Pell Grant Program.
2.
Thirty percent of the tuition that the claimant paid or incurred for an individual to participate in an education program of a qualified postsecondary institution, if the individual was enrolled in a course of instruction that relates to a projected worker shortage in this state, as determined by the local workforce development boards established under 29 USC 2832, and if the individual was eligible for a grant from the Federal Pell Grant Program.
(c)
Limitations.
1.
No credit may be allowed under par. (b) unless the claimant certifies to the department of revenue that the claimant will not be reimbursed for any amount of tuition for which the claimant claims a credit under par. (b).
2.
A claimant may not claim the credit under par. (b) for any tuition amounts that the individual described under par. (b) excluded under section 127 of the Internal Revenue Code.
3.
A claimant may not claim the credit under par. (b) for any tuition amounts that the claimant paid or incurred for a family member of a managing employee unless all of the following apply:
a.
The family member was employed an average of at least 20 hours per week as an employee of the claimant, or the claimant's business, during the one-year period prior to commencing participation in the education program in connection with which the claimant claims a credit under par. (b).
b.
The family member is enrolled in a course of instruction that is substantially related to the claimant's business.
3m.
A claimant may not claim the credit under par. (b) for any tuition amounts that the claimant paid or incurred for an individual who is not a resident of this state.
4.
The claimant shall claim the credit for the taxable year in which the individual graduates from a course of instruction in an amount equal to the total amount the claimant paid or incurred under par. (b) for all taxable years in which the claimant paid or incurred such amounts related to that individual.
5.
Partnerships, limited liability companies, and tax-option corporations may not claim the credit under this subsection, but the eligibility for, and the amount of, the credit are based on their payment of tuition under par. (b). A partnership, limited liability company, or tax-option corporation shall compute the amount of credit that each of its partners, members, or shareholders may claim and shall provide that information to each of them. Partners, members of limited liability companies, and shareholders of tax-option corporations may claim the credit in proportion to their ownership interest.
(d)
Administration.
1.
Section 71.28 (4) (e) to (h), as it applies to the credit under s. 71.28 (4), applies to the credit under this subsection.
2.
No credit may be claimed under this subsection for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2013. Credits under this subsection for taxable years that begin before January 1, 2014, may be carried forward to taxable years that begin after December 31, 2013.
(5rm)
Water consumption credit.
(a)
Definitions. In this subsection:
1.
“Ccf" means 100 cubic feet.
2.
“Claimant" means a person who files a claim under this subsection, who is an industrial customer of a municipal water utility that is located in a federal renewal community zone in this state, and whose average annual water consumption from that utility for a 24-month period exceeds 1,000,000 Ccf.
(b)
Filing claims. Subject to the limitations provided in this subsection, for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2009, and before January 1, 2014, a claimant may claim as a credit against the tax imposed under s. 71.43, up to the amount of the tax, the amount determined as follows, except that the maximum amount that a claimant may claim in a taxable year under this subsection is $300,000:
1.
Subtract the claimant's 2009 water usage costs from the claimant's water usage costs for the taxable year.
2.
If the amount determined under subd. 1. is a positive number, multiply that amount by 0.50.
(c)
Limitations. Partnerships, limited liability companies, and tax-option corporations may not claim the credit under this subsection, but the eligibility for, and the amount of, the credit are based on their payment of amounts under par. (b). A partnership, limited liability company, or tax-option corporation shall compute the amount of credit that each of its partners, members, or shareholders may claim and shall provide that information to each of them. Partners, members of limited liability companies, and shareholders of tax-option corporations may claim the credit in proportion to their ownership interests.
(d)
Administration.
1.
Section 71.28 (4) (e) to (h), as it applies to the credit under s. 71.28 (4), applies to the credit under this subsection.
2.
No credit may be claimed under this subsection for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2013. Credits under this subsection for taxable years that begin before January 1, 2014, may be carried forward to taxable years that begin after December 31, 2013.
(6)
Supplement to federal historic rehabilitation credit.
(a)
1m.
For taxable years beginning before January 1, 2014, any person may credit against taxes otherwise due under this chapter, up to the amount of those taxes, an amount equal to 5 percent, for taxable years beginning before January 1, 2013, or 10 percent, for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2012, and before January 1, 2014, of the costs of qualified rehabilitation expenditures, as defined in section 47 (c) (2) of the Internal Revenue Code, for certified historic structures on property located in this state if the physical work of construction or destruction in preparation for construction begins after December 31, 1988, and the rehabilitated property is placed in service after June 30, 1989, and before January 1, 2014.
2m.
For taxable years beginning after December 31, 2013, any person may claim as a credit against taxes otherwise due under s. 71.43, up to the amount of those taxes, an amount equal to 20 percent of the costs of qualified rehabilitation expenditures, as defined in section 47 (c) (2) of the Internal Revenue Code, for certified historic structures on property located in this state, if the cost of the person's qualified rehabilitation expenditures is at least $50,000 and the rehabilitated property is placed in service after December 31, 2013.
3.
For taxable years beginning after December 31, 2013, any person may claim as a credit against taxes otherwise due under s. 71.43, up to the amount of those taxes, an amount equal to 20 percent of the costs of qualified rehabilitation expenditures, as defined in section 47 (c) (2) of the Internal Revenue Code, for qualified rehabilitated buildings, as defined in section 47 (c) (1) of the Internal Revenue Code, on property located in this state, if the cost of the person's qualified rehabilitation expenditures is at least $50,000 and the rehabilitated property is placed in service after December 31, 2013, and regardless of whether the rehabilitated property is used for multiple or revenue-providing purposes. No credit may be claimed under this subdivision for property listed as a contributing building in the state register of historic places or in the national register of historic places and no credit may be claimed under this subdivision for nonhistoric, nonresidential property converted into housing if the property has been previously used for housing.
(c)
No person may claim the credit under par. (a) 2m. unless the claimant includes with the claimant's return a copy of the claimant's certification under s. 238.17. For certification purposes under s. 238.17, the claimant shall provide to the Wisconsin Economic Development Corporation all of the following:
1.
Evidence that the rehabilitation was recommended by the state historic preservation officer for approval by the secretary of the interior under 36 CFR 67.6 before the physical work of construction, or destruction in preparation for construction, began and that the rehabilitation was approved by the state historic preservation officer.
2.
Evidence that the taxpayer obtained written certification from the state historic preservation officer that:
a.
The property is listed on the national register of historic places in Wisconsin or the state register of historic places, or is determined by the state historical society to be eligible for listing on the national register of historic places in Wisconsin or the state register of historic places, or is located in a historic district that is listed in the national register of historic places in Wisconsin or the state register of historic places and is certified by the state historic preservation officer as being of historic significance to the district, or is an outbuilding of an otherwise eligible property certified by the state historic preservation officer as contributing to the historic significance of the property.
b.
The proposed preservation or rehabilitation plan complies with standards promulgated under s. 44.02 (24) and the completed preservation or rehabilitation substantially complies with the proposed plan.
c.
The costs are not incurred to acquire any building or interest in a building or to enlarge an existing building.
d.
The costs were not incurred before the state historical society approved the proposed preservation or rehabilitation plan.
(cm)
Any credit claimed under this subsection for Wisconsin purposes shall be claimed at the same time as for federal purposes.
(cn)
For taxable years beginning after December 31, 2014, the Wisconsin Economic Development Corporation shall certify a person to claim a credit under par. (a) 3. if all of the following apply:
1.
The corporation previously certified the person to claim a credit under par. (a) 3. for any taxable year beginning before January 1, 2015.
2.
The proposed project for which the person wishes to claim a credit under this paragraph for any taxable year beginning after December 31, 2014, is located in the city of Green Bay.
3.
The proposed project described under subd. 2. is located on the same parcel as the project for which the person received certification under subd. 1. or on a parcel that is contiguous to the project for which the person received certification under subd. 1.
4.
The corporation determines that the person is eligible to claim the credit under section 47 of the Internal Revenue Code for the qualified rehabilitation expenses incurred for the project for which the person received certification under subd. 1.
(d)
The Wisconsin adjusted basis of the building shall be reduced by the amount of any credit awarded under this subsection. The Wisconsin adjusted basis of a partner's interest in a partnership, a member's interest in a limited liability company or of stock in a tax-option corporation shall be adjusted to take into account adjustments made under this paragraph.
(e)
The provisions of sub. (4) (e), (f), (g) and (h), as they apply to the credit under that subsection, apply to the credit under this subsection.
(f)
A partnership, limited liability company, or tax-option corporation may not claim the credit under this subsection. The partners of a partnership, members of a limited liability company, or shareholders in a tax-option corporation may claim the credit under this subsection based on eligible costs incurred by the partnership, limited liability company, or tax-option corporation. The partnership, limited liability company, or tax-option corporation shall calculate the amount of the credit which may be claimed by each partner, member, or shareholder and shall provide that information to the partner, member, or shareholder. For shareholders of a tax-option corporation, the credit may be allocated in proportion to the ownership interest of each shareholder. Credits computed by a partnership or limited liability company may be claimed in proportion to the ownership interests of the partners or members or allocated to partners or members as provided in a written agreement among the partners or members that is entered into no later than the last day of the taxable year of the partnership or limited liability company, for which the credit is claimed. For a partnership or limited liability company that places property in service after June 29, 2008, and before January 1, 2009, the credit attributable to such property may be allocated, at the election of the partnership or limited liability company, to partners or members for a taxable year of the partnership or limited liability company that ends after June 29, 2008, and before January 1, 2010. Any partner or member who claims the credit as provided under this paragraph shall attach a copy of the agreement, if applicable, to the tax return on which the credit is claimed. A person claiming the credit as provided under this paragraph is solely responsible for any tax liability arising from a dispute with the department of revenue related to claiming the credit.
(g)
1.
If a person who claims the credit under this subsection elects to claim the credit based on claiming amounts for expenditures as the expenditures are paid, rather than when the rehabilitation work is completed, the person shall file an election form with the department, in the manner prescribed by the department.
2.
Notwithstanding s. 71.77, the department may adjust or disallow the credit claimed under this subsection within 4 years after the date that the state historical society notifies the department that the expenditures for which the credit was claimed do not comply with the standards for certification promulgated under s. 44.02 (24). If the department adjusts or disallows, in whole or in part, a credit transferred under par. (h), only the person who originally transferred the credit to another person is liable to repay the adjusted or disallowed amount.
(h)
Any person, including a nonprofit entity described in section 501 (c) (3) of the Internal Revenue Code, may sell or otherwise transfer the credit under par. (a) 2m. or 3., in whole or in part, to another person who is subject to the taxes imposed under s. 71.02, 71.23, or 71.43, if the person notifies the department of the transfer, and submits with the notification a copy of the transfer documents, and the department certifies ownership of the credit with each transfer. The transferor may file a claim for more than one taxable year on a form prescribed by the department to compute all years of the credit under par. (a) 2m. or 3., at the time of the transfer request. The transferee may first use the credit to offset tax in the taxable year of the transferor in which the transfer occurs, and may use the credit only to offset tax in taxable years otherwise allowed to be claimed and carried forward by the original claimant.
(i)
If a person who claims a credit under this subsection and a credit under section 47 of the Internal Revenue Code for the same qualified rehabilitation expenditures is required to repay any amount of the credit claimed under section 47 of the Internal Revenue Code, the person shall repay to the department a proportionate amount of the credit claimed under this subsection.
(6n)
Veteran employment credit.
(a)
Definitions. In this subsection:
1.
“Claimant" means a person who files a claim under this subsection.
2.
“Disabled veteran" means a veteran who is verified by the department of veteran affairs to have a service-connected disability rating of at least 50 percent under 38 USC 1114 or 1134.
3.
“Full-time job" means a regular, nonseasonal full-time position in which an individual, as a condition of employment, is required to work at least 2,080 hours per year, including paid leave and holidays.
4.
“Part-time job" means a regular, nonseasonal part-time position in which an individual, as a condition of employment, is required to work fewer than 2,080 hours per year, including paid leave and holidays.
5.
“Veteran" means a person who is verified by the department of veteran affairs to have served on active duty under honorable conditions in the U.S. armed forces, in forces incorporated as part of the U.S. armed forces, in the national guard, or in a reserve component of the U.S. armed forces.
(b)
Filing claims. Subject to the limitations provided in this subsection, for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2011, a claimant may claim as a credit against the tax imposed under s. 71.43, up to the amount of the tax, an amount equal to any of the following:
1.
For each disabled veteran the claimant hires in the taxable year to work a full-time job at the claimant's business in this state, $4,000 in the taxable year in which the disabled veteran is hired and $2,000 in each of the 3 taxable years following the taxable year in which the disabled veteran is hired.
2.
Subject to par. (c) 4., for each disabled veteran the claimant hires in the taxable year to work a part-time job at the claimant's business in this state, $2,000 in the taxable year in which the disabled veteran is hired and $1,000 in each of the 3 taxable years following the taxable year in which the disabled veteran is hired.
(c)
Limitations.
1.
Partnerships, limited liability companies, and tax-option corporations may not claim the credit under this subsection, but the eligibility for, and the amount of, the credit are based on their hiring of disabled veterans, as described under par. (b). A partnership, limited liability company, or tax-option corporation shall compute the amount of credit that each of its partners, members, or shareholders may claim and shall provide that information to each of them. Partners, members of limited liability companies, and shareholders of tax-option corporations may claim the credit in proportion to their ownership interests.
2.
No credit may be claimed under this subsection in any taxable year in which the disabled veteran voluntarily or involuntarily leaves his or her employment with the claimant.
3.
A claimant may claim a credit under this subsection only for hiring a disabled veteran who has received unemployment compensation benefits for at least one week prior to being hired by the claimant, who was receiving such benefits at the time that he or she was hired by the claimant, and who was eligible to receive such benefits at the time the benefits were paid.
4.
With regard to a credit claimed under par. (b) 2., the amount that the claimant may claim is determined as follows:
a.
Divide the number of hours that the disabled veteran worked for the claimant during the taxable year by 2,080.
b.
Multiply the amount of the credit under par. (b) 2., as appropriate, by the number determined under subd. 4. a.
(d)
Administration.
1.
Section 71.28 (4) (e) to (h), as it applies to the credit under s. 71.28 (4), applies to the credit under this subsection.
2.
No credit may be claimed under this subsection for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2012. Credits under this subsection for taxable years that begin before January 1, 2013, may be carried forward to taxable years that begin after December 31, 2012.
(8b)
Low-income housing credit.
(a)
Definitions. In this subsection:
1.
“Allocation certificate” means a statement issued by the authority certifying that a qualified development is eligible for a credit under this subsection and specifying the amount of the credit that the owners of the qualified development may claim.
2.
“Authority” means the Wisconsin Housing and Economic Development Authority.
3.
“Claimant” means a person who has an ownership interest in a qualified development and who files a claim under this subsection.
4.
“Compliance period” means the 15-year period beginning with the first taxable year of the credit period.
5.
“Credit period” means the period of 6 taxable years beginning with the taxable year in which a qualified development is placed in service. For purposes of this subdivision, if a qualified development consists of more than one building, the qualified development is placed in service in the taxable year in which the last building of the qualified development is placed in service.
6.
“Qualified basis” means the qualified basis determined under section 42 (c) (1) of the Internal Revenue Code.
7.
“Qualified development” means a qualified low-income housing project under section 42 (g) of the Internal Revenue Code that is financed with tax-exempt bonds, pursuant to section 42 (i) (2) of the Internal Revenue Code, and located in this state.
(b)
Filing claims. Subject to the limitations provided in this subsection and in s. 234.45, for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2017, a claimant may claim as a credit against the taxes imposed under s. 71.43, up to the amount of the tax, the amount allocated to the claimant by the authority under s. 234.45 for each taxable year within the credit period.
(c)
Limitations.
1.
No person may claim the credit under par. (b) unless the claimant includes with the claimant's return a copy of the allocation certificate issued to the qualified development.
2.
A partnership, limited liability company, or tax-option corporation may not claim the credit under this subsection. The partners of a partnership, members of a limited liability company, or shareholders in a tax-option corporation may claim the credit under this subsection based on eligible costs incurred by the partnership, limited liability company, or tax-option corporation. The partnership, limited liability company, or tax-option corporation shall calculate the amount of the credit that may be claimed by each partner, member, or shareholder and shall provide that information to the partner, member, or shareholder. For shareholders of a tax-option corporation, the credit may be allocated in proportion to the ownership interest of each shareholder. Credits computed by a partnership or limited liability company may be claimed in proportion to the ownership interests of the partners or members or allocated to partners or members as provided in a written agreement among the partners or members that is entered into no later than the last day of the taxable year of the partnership or limited liability company, for which the credit is claimed. Any partner or member who claims the credit as allocated by a written agreement shall provide a copy of the agreement with the tax return on which the credit is claimed. A person claiming the credit as provided under this subdivision is solely responsible for any tax liability arising from a dispute with the department of revenue related to claiming the credit.
(d)
Recapture.
1.
As of the last day of any taxable year during the compliance period, if the amount of the qualified basis of a qualified development with respect to a claimant is less than the amount of the qualified basis as of the last day of the immediately preceding taxable year, the amount of the claimant's tax liability under this subchapter shall be increased by the recapture amount determined by using the method under section 42 (j) of the Internal Revenue Code.
2.
In the event that the recapture of any credit is required in any taxable year, the taxpayer shall include the recaptured proportion of the credit on the return submitted for the taxable year in which the recapture event is identified.
(e)
Administration. Section 71.28 (4) (e) to (h), as it applies to the credit under s. 71.28 (4), applies to the credit under this subsection.
(10)
Employee college savings account contribution credit.
(a)
Definitions. In this subsection:
1.
“Claimant" means a person who files a claim under this subsection.
1m.
“College savings account" means a college savings account, as described in s. 224.50.
2.
“Employee" has the meaning given in s. 71.63 (2).
(b)
Filing claims. Subject to the limitations provided in this subsection, a claimant may claim as a credit against the tax imposed under s. 71.43, up to the amount of those taxes, for each employee of the claimant, an amount equal to the amount the claimant paid into a college savings account owned by the employee in the taxable year in which the contribution is made.
(c)
Limitations.
1.
Partnerships, limited liability companies, and tax-option corporations may not claim the credit under this subsection, but the eligibility for, and the amount of, the credit are based on their payment of amounts under par. (b). A partnership, limited liability company, or tax-option corporation shall compute the amount of the credit that each of its partners, members, or shareholders may claim and shall provide that information to each of them. Partners, members of limited liability companies, and shareholders of tax-option corporations may claim the credit in proportion to their ownership interests.
2.
The maximum amount of the credit per employee that a claimant may claim under this subsection is an amount equal to 25 percent of the amount the claimant contributed to the employee's college savings account up to a maximum contribution equal to 25 percent of the maximum amount that an individual contributor may deduct under s. 71.05 (6) (b) 32. a. per beneficiary.
(d)
Administration. Section 71.28 (4) (e) to (h), as it applies to the credit under s. 71.28 (4), applies to the credit under this subsection.
History: 1987 a. 312, 411, 422; 1989 a. 31, 44, 56, 100, 336, 359; 1991 a. 39, 292, 315; 1993 a. 16, 112; 1995 a. 27 ss. 3407m to 3412m, 9116 (5); 1995 a. 209, 227, 417; 1997 a. 27, 41, 237, 299; 1999 a. 5, 9; 2001 a. 16; 2003 a. 72, 99, 135, 255, 267, 326; 2005 a. 25, 74, 97, 361, 387, 452, 479, 483, 487; 2007 a. 20, 96, 97, 100; 2009 a. 2, 11, 28, 180, 185, 265, 267, 269, 276, 294, 295, 332, 401; 2011 a. 3, 15, 32, 67, 212, 213, 232, 237; 2011 a. 260 ss. 80, 81; 2013 a. 20, 62, 116, 145; 2015 a. 55, 186, 237; 2017 a. 59, 176, 197; 2017 a. 365 s. 111; 2017 a. 366; 2019 a. 54; 2021 a. 1, 58, 127; 2021 a. 238 s. 44; 2023 a. 19; s. 35.17 correction in (1dx) (a) 2.