reglab/statecodes huggingface dataset:
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART III - Gifts (§§ 1981 — 2053) › Chapter 205 - Nature of Gifts (§§ 1981 — 1988) › § 1988 - Consummation of gift

A gift is consummated upon the donor having knowledge of its acceptance by the donee.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 565.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART III - Gifts (§§ 1981 — 2053) › Chapter 207 - Persons Who Can Bestow or Receive Gifts (§§ 2001 — 2010) › § 2001 - Who can bestow gifts

All persons who can contract and dispose of their property may bestow gifts.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 566.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART III - Gifts (§§ 1981 — 2053) › Chapter 207 - Persons Who Can Bestow or Receive Gifts (§§ 2001 — 2010) › § 2002 - Who can accept gifts

All persons who are not especially disqualified by law therefor may accept gifts.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 567.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART III - Gifts (§§ 1981 — 2053) › Chapter 207 - Persons Who Can Bestow or Receive Gifts (§§ 2001 — 2010) › § 2003 - Acceptance by persons who cannot contract

Persons who cannot enter into contracts cannot accept conditional gifts or those involving valuable considerations without the intervention of their legal representatives.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 568.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART III - Gifts (§§ 1981 — 2053) › Chapter 207 - Persons Who Can Bestow or Receive Gifts (§§ 2001 — 2010) › § 2004 - Gifts to persons unborn

Gifts made to persons, conceived but yet unborn, may be accepted by the persons who would legally represent them if they should already be born.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 569.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART III - Gifts (§§ 1981 — 2053) › Chapter 207 - Persons Who Can Bestow or Receive Gifts (§§ 2001 — 2010) › § 2005 - Gifts to incapacitated persons

Gifts made to incapacitated persons are void even though made in a fictitious manner, under the guise of another contract, by person interposed.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 570.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART III - Gifts (§§ 1981 — 2053) › Chapter 207 - Persons Who Can Bestow or Receive Gifts (§§ 2001 — 2010) › § 2006 - Effect begins after acceptance

A gift does not bind the donor nor produce any effect until accepted.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 571.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART III - Gifts (§§ 1981 — 2053) › Chapter 207 - Persons Who Can Bestow or Receive Gifts (§§ 2001 — 2010) › § 2007 - Acceptance personally or by proxy

The donee must, under pain of nullity, accept the gift in person or through a person authorized by a special power for the purpose or having a general or sufficient power of attorney.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 572.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART III - Gifts (§§ 1981 — 2053) › Chapter 207 - Persons Who Can Bestow or Receive Gifts (§§ 2001 — 2010) › § 2008 - Acceptance on behalf of others

Persons accepting a gift representing others who cannot do so in person are obliged to obtain the notification and record referred to in § 2010 of this title.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 573.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART III - Gifts (§§ 1981 — 2053) › Chapter 207 - Persons Who Can Bestow or Receive Gifts (§§ 2001 — 2010) › § 2009 - Gift of personal property

Gifts of personal property may be made verbally or in writing.
The verbal one requires the simultaneous delivery of the thing bestowed as a gift. In the absence of this requisite the gift shall produce no effect if not made in writing and if the acceptance does not appear in the same manner.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 574.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART III - Gifts (§§ 1981 — 2053) › Chapter 207 - Persons Who Can Bestow or Receive Gifts (§§ 2001 — 2010) › § 2010 - Gift of real property

In order that a gift of real property may be valid it shall be made in a public instrument, stating therein in detail the property bestowed as a gift and the amount of the charges, which the donee must satisfy.
The acceptance may be made in the same instrument bestowing the gift or in a different one; but it shall produce no effect if not made during the life of the donor.
If made in a different instrument the acceptance shall be communicated to the donor in an authentic manner, and this proceeding shall be recorded in both instruments.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 575.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART III - Gifts (§§ 1981 — 2053) › Chapter 209 - Effects and Limitations of Gifts (§§ 2021 — 2030) › § 2021 - Property which may be included in gift

A gift may include all the actual property of the donor or a part thereof, provided the latter reserves, by legal title or in usufruct, what is required for his support in a condition corresponding to his circumstances.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 576.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART III - Gifts (§§ 1981 — 2053) › Chapter 209 - Effects and Limitations of Gifts (§§ 2021 — 2030) › § 2022 - Future property

A gift cannot include future property.
By future property is considered that which the donor cannot dispose of at the time of the gift.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 577.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART III - Gifts (§§ 1981 — 2053) › Chapter 209 - Effects and Limitations of Gifts (§§ 2021 — 2030) › § 2023 - Limitation to property which may be included in will

Notwithstanding the provisions of § 2021 of this title, no person can give nor receive, by way of gift, more than what he can give or receive by will.
A gift shall be considered void in all that exceeds said limits.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 578.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART III - Gifts (§§ 1981 — 2053) › Chapter 209 - Effects and Limitations of Gifts (§§ 2021 — 2030) › § 2024 - Gift to several persons jointly

When a gift has been made to several persons jointly, it shall be understood as in equal shares, and there shall be among them no right of accretion unless the donor has otherwise ordered.
From these provisions are excepted gifts made jointly to husband and wife, who shall have such right if the donor has not disposed otherwise.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 579.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART III - Gifts (§§ 1981 — 2053) › Chapter 209 - Effects and Limitations of Gifts (§§ 2021 — 2030) › § 2025 - Subrogation of donee to rights and actions of donor

The donee is subrogated to all the rights and actions which, in case of eviction, would correspond to the donor. The latter on his side is not obliged to warrant the things bestowed as a gift, unless the gift is for a valuable consideration, in which case the donor shall be liable for the eviction to the amount of the charge.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 580.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART III - Gifts (§§ 1981 — 2053) › Chapter 209 - Effects and Limitations of Gifts (§§ 2021 — 2030) › § 2026 - Reservation of rights to donor

The donor may reserve to himself the right to dispose of some of the property bestowed as gift or of an amount as a charge thereon; but should he die without having made use of this right, the property or the sum which may have been reserved shall belong to the donee.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 581.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART III - Gifts (§§ 1981 — 2053) › Chapter 209 - Effects and Limitations of Gifts (§§ 2021 — 2030) › § 2027 - Separation of ownership and usufruct

Ownership can also be bestowed as a gift to a person, and the usufruct to another or others, with the limitations established by § 2308 of this title.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 582.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART III - Gifts (§§ 1981 — 2053) › Chapter 209 - Effects and Limitations of Gifts (§§ 2021 — 2030) › § 2028 - Reversion in favor of donor; of third person

The reversion in favor of the donor only, in any case and under any circumstances, may also be validly established, but not in favor of other persons, except in the same cases and under similar limitations, as prescribed in this title for testamentary substitution.
The reversion stipulated by the donor in favor of a third person in contravention of the provisions of the foregoing paragraph, is void, but it shall not cause the annulment of the gift.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 583.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART III - Gifts (§§ 1981 — 2053) › Chapter 209 - Effects and Limitations of Gifts (§§ 2021 — 2030) › § 2029 - Gift imposing duty to pay debts

When the gift has been bestowed, imposing on the donee the duty of paying the debts of the donor, if the clause should contain no other declaration, the former shall only be bound to pay those contracted before the bestowal of the gift.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 584.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART III - Gifts (§§ 1981 — 2053) › Chapter 209 - Effects and Limitations of Gifts (§§ 2021 — 2030) › § 2030 - Liability of donee for debts; gift in fraud of creditors

Should there be no stipulation as to the payment of debts the donee shall be liable for them only if the gift has been made to defraud creditors.
The gift shall always be presumed as having been made to defraud creditors when, at the time of bestowing it, the donor has not reserved to himself property sufficient to pay the debts contracted prior thereto.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 585.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART III - Gifts (§§ 1981 — 2053) › Chapter 211 - Revocation and Reduction of Gifts (§§ 2041 — 2053) › § 2041 - Supervention of children

Every gift inter vivos made by a person having no children nor descendants is revoked by the mere fact of the occurrence of any of the following cases:
(1) When the donor, after the gift, should have or adopt children even should they be posthumous.
(2) When the child of the donor, whom he supposed dead when he bestowed the gift, is found to be alive.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 586; May 31, 1972, No. 76, p. 165, § 1.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART III - Gifts (§§ 1981 — 2053) › Chapter 211 - Revocation and Reduction of Gifts (§§ 2041 — 2053) › § 2042 - Supervention of children—Return of things

If the gift is rescinded by the subsequent birth of children, the things bestowed as a gift shall be returned to the donor, or their value, if the donee has sold them.
Should they be mortgaged, the donor may cancel the mortgage, paying the sum secured by it, being entitled to demand the sum paid of the donee.
When the things cannot be restored they shall be appraised at their value at the time of the bestowal of the gift.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 587.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART III - Gifts (§§ 1981 — 2053) › Chapter 211 - Revocation and Reduction of Gifts (§§ 2041 — 2053) › § 2043 - Supervention of children—Prescription of action of revocation and restitution

The action of revocation and restitution of property by the subsequent birth of children shall prescribe after five years, counted from the day when the last of the children has attained the age of majority or from the date of the adoption or from the receipt of news of the one who was believed dead, whichever of the dates is the latest.
This action cannot be renounced, and is transmitted on the death of the donor to his children or legal descendants.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 588; May 31, 1972, No. 76, p. 165, § 2.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART III - Gifts (§§ 1981 — 2053) › Chapter 211 - Revocation and Reduction of Gifts (§§ 2041 — 2053) › § 2044 - Noncompliance with conditions imposed on donee

The gift shall be revoked at the instance of the donor if the donee has not complied with any one of the conditions imposed upon him by the former.
In such case the things bestowed as a gift shall revert to the donor, all the alienations made by the donee and the mortgages he may have placed thereon being rendered void with the limitation with regard to third parties established in the Mortgage Law.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 589.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART III - Gifts (§§ 1981 — 2053) › Chapter 211 - Revocation and Reduction of Gifts (§§ 2041 — 2053) › § 2045 - Ingratitude

A gift may also be revoked at the instance of the donor, by reason of ingratitude, in the following cases:
(1) When the donee commits any crime against the person, the honor, or the property of the donor.
(2) When the donee charges the donor with any of the crimes giving rise to official proceedings or public accusation, even though he proves it, unless the crime should have been committed against the donee himself, his wife, or the children under his authority.
(3) When the latter improperly refuses him support.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 590.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART III - Gifts (§§ 1981 — 2053) › Chapter 211 - Revocation and Reduction of Gifts (§§ 2041 — 2053) › § 2046 - Ingratitude—Validity of alienations and mortgages

When a gift is revoked by reason of ingratitude, the alienations and mortgages made prior to the entry of the complaint for revocation in the registry of property shall, nevertheless, be valid.
Subsequent ones shall be void.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 591.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART III - Gifts (§§ 1981 — 2053) › Chapter 211 - Revocation and Reduction of Gifts (§§ 2041 — 2053) › § 2047 - Ingratitude—Rights of donor

In the case referred to in the first paragraph of the preceding section the donor shall have a right to exact from the donee the value of the property alienated, which he cannot recover from the third persons, or the amount for which they have been mortgaged.
For the appraisal of the value of such property the time the gift was bestowed shall be taken into consideration.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 592.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART III - Gifts (§§ 1981 — 2053) › Chapter 211 - Revocation and Reduction of Gifts (§§ 2041 — 2053) › § 2048 - Return of fruits

If the gift should be revoked for any of the reasons stated in § 2041 of this title or for ingratitude, or when it should be reduced on account of being void, the donee shall not return the fruits, except from the date of the institution of the complaint.
If the revocation should be based on the failure to comply with any one of the conditions imposed by the gift, the donee shall, besides the property, return the fruits he may have collected after the nonfulfilment of the condition.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 593.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART III - Gifts (§§ 1981 — 2053) › Chapter 211 - Revocation and Reduction of Gifts (§§ 2041 — 2053) › § 2049 - Action for causes of ingratitude—Renunciation and prescription

The action granted the donor for causes of ingratitude cannot be renounced in advance. This action prescribes after one year, counted from the time the donor had knowledge of the fact and was able to institute the action.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 594.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART III - Gifts (§§ 1981 — 2053) › Chapter 211 - Revocation and Reduction of Gifts (§§ 2041 — 2053) › § 2050 - Action for causes of ingratitude—Rights of heirs

This action shall not be transmitted to the heirs of the donor if the latter should have been able to institute it and did not do so.
Neither can it be instituted against the heirs of the donee, unless at his death the suit had already been brought.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 595.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART III - Gifts (§§ 1981 — 2053) › Chapter 211 - Revocation and Reduction of Gifts (§§ 2041 — 2053) › § 2051 - Reduction of gifts

Gifts which, in accordance with the provisions of § 2023 of this title, may be void after computing the net value of the property of the donor at the time of his death must be reduced with regard to the excess, but this reduction shall not prevent them from being valid during the life of the donor, nor the donee from appropriating the fruits.
For the reduction of gifts the provisions of this chapter and of §§ 2374 and 2375 of this title shall be observed.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 596.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART III - Gifts (§§ 1981 — 2053) › Chapter 211 - Revocation and Reduction of Gifts (§§ 2041 — 2053) › § 2052 - Who can demand reduction

The reduction of gifts can be demanded only by the persons who have a right to a legal portion or to an aliquot part of the estate and their heirs or legal representatives.
The persons included in the preceding paragraph cannot renounce their right during the life of the donor, neither by an express statement nor by giving their consent to the gift.
The donees, the legatees who are not to receive an aliquot part, and the creditors of the deceased cannot request the reduction or derive any benefit therefrom.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 597.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART III - Gifts (§§ 1981 — 2053) › Chapter 211 - Revocation and Reduction of Gifts (§§ 2041 — 2053) › § 2053 - Reduction in case of two or more gifts

If there are two or more gifts, and all cannot be covered by the disposable part of the estate, the latest ones shall either be canceled or reduced with regard to the excess.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 598.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART IV - Successions (§§ 2081 — 2936) › Chapter 215 - General Provisions (§§ 2081 — 2092) › § 2081 - Succession defined

Succession is the transmission of the rights and obligations of a deceased person to his heirs.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 599.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART IV - Successions (§§ 2081 — 2936) › Chapter 215 - General Provisions (§§ 2081 — 2092) › § 2082 - Succession defined—Additional meaning

Succession also means the properties, rights and charges which a person leaves after his death, whether the property exceeds the charges or the charges exceed the property, or whether the said person leaves only charges and no property.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 600.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART IV - Successions (§§ 2081 — 2936) › Chapter 215 - General Provisions (§§ 2081 — 2092) › § 2083 - What included in succession

Succession includes not only the rights and obligations of the deceased, in the condition in which they existed at the time of his death, but it also includes the property belonging to such succession after the same is opened, and the charges and obligations inherent therein.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 601.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART IV - Successions (§§ 2081 — 2936) › Chapter 215 - General Provisions (§§ 2081 — 2092) › § 2084 - Additional meaning

Succession also signifies the right by virtue of which an heir may take possession of the property of the deceased in accordance with law.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 602.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART IV - Successions (§§ 2081 — 2936) › Chapter 215 - General Provisions (§§ 2081 — 2092) › § 2085 - Rights transmitted from moment of death

The rights to the succession of a person are transmitted from the moment of his death.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 603.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART IV - Successions (§§ 2081 — 2936) › Chapter 215 - General Provisions (§§ 2081 — 2092) › § 2086 - Succession as testamentary or legal

Succession is granted either by the will of the person as expressed in a will or, in its absence, by provision of law.
The first is called “testamentary”, the second “legal succession”.
It may also be bestowed partly by will of the person and partly by provision of law.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 604; Sept. 11, 2006, No. 197, § 1.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART IV - Successions (§§ 2081 — 2936) › Chapter 215 - General Provisions (§§ 2081 — 2092) › § 2087 - Testamentary succession defined

Testamentary succession is that which results from the institution of any heir or heirs contained in a will executed in accordance with law.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 605.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART IV - Successions (§§ 2081 — 2936) › Chapter 215 - General Provisions (§§ 2081 — 2092) › § 2088 - Legitimate or legal succession defined

Legitimate or lawful succession is that which the law has established in favor of the nearest relatives of the deceased.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 606.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART IV - Successions (§§ 2081 — 2936) › Chapter 215 - General Provisions (§§ 2081 — 2092) › § 2089 - Irregular succession

Irregular succession is that established by law in favor of certain persons or of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico in the absence of legal heirs or those instituted by will.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 607;.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART IV - Successions (§§ 2081 — 2936) › Chapter 215 - General Provisions (§§ 2081 — 2092) › § 2090 - Inheritance defined

The inheritance includes all the property, rights, and obligations of a person which are not extinguished by his death.
—Civil Code, 1930, § 608.
History
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART IV - Successions (§§ 2081 — 2936) › Chapter 215 - General Provisions (§§ 2081 — 2092) › § 2091 - Heir and legatee defined

An heir is a person succeeding under a universal title; and a legatee, one succeeding under a special title.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 609.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART IV - Successions (§§ 2081 — 2936) › Chapter 215 - General Provisions (§§ 2081 — 2092) › § 2092 - How heirs succeed

Heirs succeed the deceased in all his rights and obligations by the mere fact of his death.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 610.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART IV - Successions (§§ 2081 — 2936) › Chapter 217 - Wills (§§ 2111 — 2237) › Subchapter I - Capacity to Dispose by Will (§§ 2111 — 2115) › § 2111 - Who may make wills

All persons who are not expressly prohibited by law may make a will.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 611.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART IV - Successions (§§ 2081 — 2936) › Chapter 217 - Wills (§§ 2111 — 2237) › Subchapter I - Capacity to Dispose by Will (§§ 2111 — 2115) › § 2112 - Disqualified persons

The following are disqualified to make wills:
(1) Persons of either sex under 14 years of age.
(2) Persons who permanently or temporarily are not of sound mind.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 612.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART IV - Successions (§§ 2081 — 2936) › Chapter 217 - Wills (§§ 2111 — 2237) › Subchapter I - Capacity to Dispose by Will (§§ 2111 — 2115) › § 2113 - Will made before mental alienation

A will made before mental alienation is valid.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 613.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART IV - Successions (§§ 2081 — 2936) › Chapter 217 - Wills (§§ 2111 — 2237) › Subchapter I - Capacity to Dispose by Will (§§ 2111 — 2115) › § 2114 - Wills by lunatics

Whenever a lunatic desires to make a will during a lucid interval, the notary shall appoint two physicians to examine him previously, and he shall not execute it unless the latter answer for the capacity of the testator, including their opinion in the will, which shall be subscribed by the physicians beside the witnesses.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 614.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART IV - Successions (§§ 2081 — 2936) › Chapter 217 - Wills (§§ 2111 — 2237) › Subchapter I - Capacity to Dispose by Will (§§ 2111 — 2115) › § 2115 - Determination of capacity of testator

In order to judge of the capacity of the testator, his condition at the time of the execution of the will only shall be taken into consideration.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 615.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART IV - Successions (§§ 2081 — 2936) › Chapter 217 - Wills (§§ 2111 — 2237) › Subchapter II - Wills Generally (§§ 2121 — 2129) › § 2121 - Will defined

The act by which a person disposes of all his property or of a part of it, to take effect after his death, is called a will.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 616.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART IV - Successions (§§ 2081 — 2936) › Chapter 217 - Wills (§§ 2111 — 2237) › Subchapter II - Wills Generally (§§ 2121 — 2129) › § 2122 - How testator may dispose of property

The testator may dispose of his property either under title of inheritance or under that of legacy.
In case of doubt, even if the testator has not actually used the word “heir”, if his will is clear on this point, his disposition shall be valid as made under a title, either universal or of inheritance.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 617.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART IV - Successions (§§ 2081 — 2936) › Chapter 217 - Wills (§§ 2111 — 2237) › Subchapter II - Wills Generally (§§ 2121 — 2129) › § 2123 - Joint wills prohibited

Two or more persons cannot make a will conjointly or in the same instrument, either for their reciprocal benefit or for the benefit of a third person.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 618.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART IV - Successions (§§ 2081 — 2936) › Chapter 217 - Wills (§§ 2111 — 2237) › Subchapter II - Wills Generally (§§ 2121 — 2129) › § 2124 - Will as personal act

A will is absolutely a personal act. The making of it, either wholly or partially, cannot be left to the discretion of a third person, nor can it be made through a trustee or agent.
Neither can there be left to the discretion of a third person the continuance of the appointment of heirs or legatees, nor the designation of the portions to which they are to succeed when they are nominally instituted.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 619.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART IV - Successions (§§ 2081 — 2936) › Chapter 217 - Wills (§§ 2111 — 2237) › Subchapter II - Wills Generally (§§ 2121 — 2129) › § 2125 - Distribution by third persons

The testator may intrust to a third person the distribution of the sums he may leave in general to specified classes, such as relatives, the poor, or charitable institutions, and also the designation of the persons or institutions to which sums are to be applied.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 620.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART IV - Successions (§§ 2081 — 2936) › Chapter 217 - Wills (§§ 2111 — 2237) › Subchapter II - Wills Generally (§§ 2121 — 2129) › § 2126 - Reference to private memoranda or papers

Any provision relating to the institution of heirs, bequests, or legacies, made by the testator, referring to private memoranda or papers which after his death may appear in his domicile or outside thereof, shall be void if such memoranda or papers do not fulfill the requisites prescribed for holographic wills.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 621.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART IV - Successions (§§ 2081 — 2936) › Chapter 217 - Wills (§§ 2111 — 2237) › Subchapter II - Wills Generally (§§ 2121 — 2129) › § 2127 - Duress, deceit, or fraud

A will executed under duress, deceit, or fraud, shall be void.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 622.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART IV - Successions (§§ 2081 — 2936) › Chapter 217 - Wills (§§ 2111 — 2237) › Subchapter II - Wills Generally (§§ 2121 — 2129) › § 2128 - Duress, deceit, or fraud—Preventing execution of will

A person who, by deceit, fraud, or violence, prevents another person, of whom he is the intestate heir, from unrestrictedly executing his last will, shall be deprived of his right to the inheritance without prejudice to the criminal liability he may have incurred.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 623.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART IV - Successions (§§ 2081 — 2936) › Chapter 217 - Wills (§§ 2111 — 2237) › Subchapter II - Wills Generally (§§ 2121 — 2129) › § 2129 - Construction of testamentary provisions; contest of will

Every testamentary provision shall be understood in the literal meaning of its words, unless it clearly appears that the will of the testator was different. In case of doubt, that which appears most in accordance with the intention of the testator, according to the tenor of the same will, shall be observed.
A testator cannot prohibit the contest of his will in the cases in which there exists nullity specified by law.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 624.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART IV - Successions (§§ 2081 — 2936) › Chapter 217 - Wills (§§ 2111 — 2237) › Subchapter III - Form of Wills (§§ 2141 — 2152) › § 2141 - Kinds of wills

Wills may be ordinary or special. Ordinary wills may be holographic, open, or closed.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 625.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART IV - Successions (§§ 2081 — 2936) › Chapter 217 - Wills (§§ 2111 — 2237) › Subchapter III - Form of Wills (§§ 2141 — 2152) › § 2142 - Special wills

Military and maritime wills and those executed in foreign countries are considered special.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 626.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART IV - Successions (§§ 2081 — 2936) › Chapter 217 - Wills (§§ 2111 — 2237) › Subchapter III - Form of Wills (§§ 2141 — 2152) › § 2143 - Holographic will

A will is called holographic when the testator writes it in his own hand in the form and with the requisites mentioned in § 2161 of this title.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 627.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART IV - Successions (§§ 2081 — 2936) › Chapter 217 - Wills (§§ 2111 — 2237) › Subchapter III - Form of Wills (§§ 2141 — 2152) › § 2144 - Open will

A will is open whenever the testator expresses his last will in the presence of the persons who must authenticate the act, they being informed of its provisions.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 628.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART IV - Successions (§§ 2081 — 2936) › Chapter 217 - Wills (§§ 2111 — 2237) › Subchapter III - Form of Wills (§§ 2141 — 2152) › § 2145 - Closed will

A will is closed when the testator, without revealing his last will, declares that it is contained in the instrument which he presents to the persons who are to authenticate the act.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 629.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART IV - Successions (§§ 2081 — 2936) › Chapter 217 - Wills (§§ 2111 — 2237) › Subchapter III - Form of Wills (§§ 2141 — 2152) › § 2146 - Those who may not be witnesses

The following cannot be witnesses to wills:
(1) Persons under age.
(2) Persons who are not residents or domiciled in the place of the execution, with the exception of the cases excepted by law.
(3) Blind persons and those totally deaf and dumb.
(4) Persons who do not understand the language of the testator.
(5) Persons of unsound mind.
(6) Those who have been convicted for the crime of forgery of public or private documents, or for misrepresentation.
(7) The clerks, amanuenses, servants or any other person working in the same office, or who is a partner, or relatives within the fourth degree of consanguinity or second of affinity of the notary who authenticates the will.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 630; Apr. 30, 1952, No. 144, p. 304; Jan. 10, 1998, No. 17, § 9.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART IV - Successions (§§ 2081 — 2936) › Chapter 217 - Wills (§§ 2111 — 2237) › Subchapter III - Form of Wills (§§ 2141 — 2152) › § 2147 - Heirs, legatees, and relatives as witnesses

Neither can the heirs and legatees named in an open will, nor the relatives of the same within the fourth degree of consanguinity or second of affinity, be witnesses thereto.
There are not included in this prohibition the legatees and their relatives when the legacy is of some personal property or of a sum of small importance compared with the amount of the estate.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 631.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART IV - Successions (§§ 2081 — 2936) › Chapter 217 - Wills (§§ 2111 — 2237) › Subchapter III - Form of Wills (§§ 2141 — 2152) › § 2148 - Declaration of disqualification of witness

In order that a witness may be declared disqualified, it is necessary that the reason of his disqualification existed at the time of the execution of the will.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 632.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART IV - Successions (§§ 2081 — 2936) › Chapter 217 - Wills (§§ 2111 — 2237) › Subchapter III - Form of Wills (§§ 2141 — 2152) › § 2149 - Will in foreign language

For the executing of a will in any other language besides Spanish or English the presence of two interpreters shall be necessary, who shall be selected by the testator and shall translate his provision into Spanish or English. The will shall be written in both languages, that is, the language of the testator and either English or Spanish.
History —Civil Code, 1939, § 633; June 24, 1958, No. 92, p. 201, § 1.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART IV - Successions (§§ 2081 — 2936) › Chapter 217 - Wills (§§ 2111 — 2237) › Subchapter III - Form of Wills (§§ 2141 — 2152) › § 2150 - Acquaintance of notary and witnesses with testator

The notary and two of the witnesses who authenticate the will must be acquainted with the testator, and should they not know him he shall be identified by two witnesses who are acquainted with him and are known to the notary and to the attesting witnesses. The notary and the witnesses shall also assure themselves that in their opinion the testator has the legal capacity required to make a will.
Witnesses authorizing a will without the attendance of a notary, in the case of §§ 2187 and 2188 of this title, are under the same obligation of being acquainted with the testator.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 634.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART IV - Successions (§§ 2081 — 2936) › Chapter 217 - Wills (§§ 2111 — 2237) › Subchapter III - Form of Wills (§§ 2141 — 2152) › § 2151 - Identification of testator

Should it not be possible to identify the person of the testator in the manner prescribed in the preceding section, this circumstance shall be stated by the notary or by the witnesses in a proper case, mentioning the documents which the testator may present for such purpose and given a personal description of the same.
If the will should be contested for such a cause, the burden of proving identity of the testator is on the person supporting its validity.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 635.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART IV - Successions (§§ 2081 — 2936) › Chapter 217 - Wills (§§ 2111 — 2237) › Subchapter III - Form of Wills (§§ 2141 — 2152) › § 2152 - Will void for failure to observe formalities

Any will, in the execution of which the formalities, respectively established in this chapter, have not been observed, shall be void.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 636.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART IV - Successions (§§ 2081 — 2936) › Chapter 217 - Wills (§§ 2111 — 2237) › Subchapter IV - Holographic Wills (§§ 2161 — 2165-2167) › § 2161 - Execution of holographic wills

Holographic wills may be executed only by persons of over eighteen (18) years of age.
For such a will to be valid it must be wholly handwritten and signed by the testator, stating the year, month and day on which it is executed.
Should said will contain words that have been crossed out, amended or inserted between lines, the testator shall attest it under his/her signature.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 637; Aug. 12, 1998, No. 233, § 1.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART IV - Successions (§§ 2081 — 2936) › Chapter 217 - Wills (§§ 2111 — 2237) › Subchapter IV - Holographic Wills (§§ 2161 — 2165-2167) › § 2162 - Place of execution; language

Holographic wills may be executed at any place, within or outside of Puerto Rico.
Foreigners may execute holographic wills in their own language.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 638.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART IV - Successions (§§ 2081 — 2936) › Chapter 217 - Wills (§§ 2111 — 2237) › Subchapter IV - Holographic Wills (§§ 2161 — 2165-2167) › § 2163 - Formal registration

Holographic wills must be formally registered by filing the same for this purpose with the Part of the Court of First Instance of the last domicile of the testator or to that of the place in which said testator died, if his/her death occurred in Puerto Rico, within five (5) years from the date of his/her death. If this requirement is not met the will shall not be valid.
The provisions of the Special Legal Proceedings Law, as amended, shall be observed when formally registering a holographic will.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 639; Aug. 9, 1998, No. 212, § 1.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART IV - Successions (§§ 2081 — 2936) › Chapter 217 - Wills (§§ 2111 — 2237) › Subchapter IV - Holographic Wills (§§ 2161 — 2165-2167) › § 2164 - Presentation after death

The person with whom such a will is deposited shall present the same to the Court of First Instance as soon as he hears of the death of the testator, and if he shall not do so within ten days thereafter he shall be liable for all injuries caused by delay on his part.
Any person having any interest in the will as heir, legatees, executor or for any other reason, may also present such will.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 640;.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART IV - Successions (§§ 2081 — 2936) › Chapter 217 - Wills (§§ 2111 — 2237) › Subchapter V - Open Wills (§§ 2181 — 2192) › § 2181 - Before whom executed

An open will must be executed before a notary and three suitable witnesses who see and understand the testator and of whom one at least knows how and can read and write.
There shall be excepted from this requirement only the cases expressly specified in this same subchapter.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 644.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART IV - Successions (§§ 2081 — 2936) › Chapter 217 - Wills (§§ 2111 — 2237) › Subchapter V - Open Wills (§§ 2181 — 2192) › § 2182 - Manner of execution

The testator shall declare his last will to the notary and to the witnesses. The will when drawn in accordance with it and with the expression of the place, the year, the month, the day and the hour of its execution shall be read aloud in order that the testator may declare that it is in conformity with his intention. Both the testator and the witnesses may read the will themselves and the notary must inform him of this, his right.
If the testator and the witnesses consent the will shall be signed in the act by the testator and by the others who can do it.
If the testator declares that he does not know or that he cannot sign, one of the witnesses to the instrument shall do it for him at his request, or another person, and the notary shall certify to that fact. The same shall be done when some of the witnesses cannot sign.
The notary shall always make it appear that in his judgment the testator is of the legal capacity necessary to execute a will.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 645.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART IV - Successions (§§ 2081 — 2936) › Chapter 217 - Wills (§§ 2111 — 2237) › Subchapter V - Open Wills (§§ 2181 — 2192) › § 2183 - When testator presents testamentary disposition in writing

When the testator who proposes to make an open testament presents in writing his testamentary disposition the notary shall draw the will in accordance with the writing presented by the testator and shall read it aloud in the presence of the witnesses in order that the testator may declare if its contents is the expression of his last will. The testator and the witnesses may read the will themselves and the notary must advise them of this, their right.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 646.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART IV - Successions (§§ 2081 — 2936) › Chapter 217 - Wills (§§ 2111 — 2237) › Subchapter V - Open Wills (§§ 2181 — 2192) › § 2184 - Deaf testator

A person who is absolutely deaf shall read his will himself; if he does not know how or cannot do so he shall designate two persons to read it in his name, always in the presence of the witnesses and of the notary.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 647.
2023 Laws of Puerto Rico › TITLE THIRTY-ONE - Civil Code (§§ 1 — 5305) › Subtitle 3 - Different Ways of Acquiring Ownership (§§ 1931 — 2936) › PART IV - Successions (§§ 2081 — 2936) › Chapter 217 - Wills (§§ 2111 — 2237) › Subchapter V - Open Wills (§§ 2181 — 2192) › § 2185 - Blind testator

If the testator is blind, the will shall be read twice, once by the notary, in accordance with the provisions of section 2182 of this title, and the other time in the same manner by one of the witnesses or by any other person designated by the testator.
History —Civil Code, 1930, § 648.