reglab/statecodes huggingface dataset:
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 20 - Regulation of Passenger Carriers › § 46.2-2054. Policies or surety bonds to be filed with the Department and securities with State Treasurer

A. Each motor carrier shall keep on file with the Department proof of an insurance policy or bond in accordance with this article. Record of the policy or bond shall remain in the files of the Department six months after the certificate, registration card, license plate, identification marker or permit is canceled for any cause. If federal, state, or municipal bonds are deposited with the State Treasurer in lieu of an insurance policy, the bonds shall remain deposited until six months after the registration card, license plate, certificate, permit or identification marker is canceled for any cause unless otherwise ordered by the Department.
B. The Department may, without holding a hearing, suspend a permit or certificate if the permittee or certificate holder fails to comply with the requirements of this section.
2001, c. 596.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 20 - Regulation of Passenger Carriers › § 46.2-2055. Condition or obligation of security

The insurance, bond or other security provided for in § 46.2-2054 shall obligate the insurer or surety to pay any final judgment for (i) injury to any passenger or passengers and (ii) any and all injuries to persons and loss of or damage to property resulting from the negligent operation of any motor vehicle.
2001, c. 596.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 20 - Regulation of Passenger Carriers › § 46.2-2056. Effect of unfair claims settlement practices on self-insured motor carriers

The provisions of subdivisions 4, 6, 11, and 12 of subsection A of § 38.2-510 shall apply to each holder of a certificate or permit issued by and under the authority of the Department who, in lieu of filing an insurance policy, has deposited with the State Treasurer state, federal or municipal bonds or has filed an unconditional letter of credit issued by a bank. The failure of any such holder of a certificate or permit to comply with the provisions of § 38.2-510 shall be the cause for revocation or suspension of the certificate or permit.
2001, c. 596.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 20 - Regulation of Passenger Carriers › § 46.2-2057. Taxicab insurance required

A. Each operator of a motor vehicle performing a bona fide taxicab service shall file insurance as required under this article unless evidence can be shown to the Department that the operator (i) is a self-insurer under an ordinance of the city or county where the home office of the operator is located or (ii) has been issued a certificate of self-insurance pursuant to § 46.2-368.
B. Any self-insurance protection subject to this section shall provide for protection against the uninsured or underinsured motorist to the extent required by § 38.2-2206. Notwithstanding § 38.2-2206 or any other provision of this title, protection against the uninsured or underinsured motorist shall be subject to a limit exclusive of interest and costs, with respect to each motor vehicle, as follows: (i) a limit of $25,000 due to bodily injury to or death of one person in any one accident; (ii) subject to the limit for one person, a limit of $50,000 due to bodily injury or death of two or more persons in any one accident; and (iii) a limit of $20,000 due to injury to or destruction of property of others in any one accident. The amount of bodily injury or property damage liability coverage available for payment from any source shall be credited against and reduce the amount of protection otherwise available against an underinsured motorist. Nothing herein shall preclude any self-insurer operator from purchasing or providing uninsured or underinsured motorist insurance coverage in an amount greater than required in this subsection. Such protection against uninsured and underinsured motorists shall be secondary coverage to any other valid and collectible insurance providing the same protection that is available to any person otherwise entitled to assert a claim to such protection by virtue of this section.
2001, c. 596; 2021, Sp. Sess. I, c. 273; 2022, c. 308.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 20 - Regulation of Passenger Carriers › § 46.2-2058. When taxicab operator a self-insurer

If the operator of any taxicab or other motor vehicle performing a taxicab service is a self-insurer under an ordinance of the city or county where the home office of the operator is located, such operator shall not be required to obtain and keep on file with the Department insurance as required by law.
2001, c. 596.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 20 - Regulation of Passenger Carriers › § 46.2-2059. Permit required for taxicab service

It shall be unlawful for any taxicab or other motor vehicle performing a taxicab service to operate on an intrastate basis on any public highway in the Commonwealth outside the corporate limits of incorporated cities or towns without first obtaining from the Department a permit in accordance with the provisions of this chapter.
2001, c. 596.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 20 - Regulation of Passenger Carriers › § 46.2-2060. Limitations on advertising

Within the jurisdictions of Planning District Number Eight, no person shall use the term "taxi" or "taxicab" in any advertisement, sign, or trade name, or hold himself out by means of advertising, signs, trade names, or otherwise as an operator of a taxicab or other motor vehicle performing a taxicab service as defined by § 46.2-2000, unless he complies with the requirements of § 46.2-2059 and any county, city, or town ordinance adopted pursuant to § 46.2-2062. This statute, however, shall not preempt, supersede, or affect in any way the authority of the governing body of any county, city, or town to issue local ordinances under §§ 46.2-2062 through 46.2-2067.
2001, c. 596.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 20 - Regulation of Passenger Carriers › § 46.2-2062. Regulation of taxicab service by localities; rates and charges

A. The governing body of any county, city or town in the Commonwealth may by ordinance regulate the rates or charges of any motor vehicles used for the transportation of passengers for a consideration on any highway, street, road, lane or alley in such county, city or town, and may prescribe such reasonable regulations as to filing of schedules of rates, charges and the general operation of such vehicles; provided that, notwithstanding anything contained in this chapter to the contrary, such ordinances and regulations shall not prescribe the wages or compensation to be paid to any driver or lessor of any such motor vehicle by the owner or lessee thereof.
B. In considering rates or charges pursuant to this section, or financial responsibility as provided by this chapter, the governing body may require the owner or operator to submit such supporting financial data as may be necessary, including federal or state income tax returns for the two years preceding, provided that the governing body shall not require any owner or operator to submit any audit more extensive than that conducted by such owner or operator in the normal course of business. Such financial data shall be used only for consideration of rates or charges, or to determine financial responsibility, and shall be kept confidential by the governing body to which it has been submitted. Nothing in this subsection shall make confidential any certificate of insurance, bond, letter of credit, or other certification that the owner or operator has met the requirements of this chapter or of any local ordinance with regard to financial responsibility.
C. Notwithstanding the provisions of § 3.2-5620, in the absence of any specifications, tolerances, and regulations for software-based taximeter technology published in the National Institute of Standards and Technology Handbook 44, any county, city, or town that has adopted an ordinance regulating taxicabs as provided in subsection A may authorize the use of software-based devices that utilize GPS or other measurement data in the calculation of time-and-distance fares for taxicab service.
2001, c. 596; 2007, c. 238; 2017, c. 528.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 20 - Regulation of Passenger Carriers › § 46.2-2063. Locality license and payment of locality license tax may be required

The governing body of any county, city, or town may require a license for and impose upon and collect a license tax from every person, firm, association, or corporation that operates or intends to operate in such county, city, or town any taxicab or other motor vehicle for the transportation of passengers for a consideration. The tax may be upon each such motor vehicle so operated. The governing body of the county, city, or town may by ordinance provide for levying and collecting the tax and may impose penalties for violations of the ordinance and for operating any such vehicle without obtaining the required license. Any person accepting a license issued under authority of this section and operating a taxicab business based in a county, city or town shall be subject to the provision that any complaint relating to taxicab service in the Commonwealth shall be resolved under the license regulations of the county, city, or town from which that person obtained a taxicab license.
2001, c. 596.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 20 - Regulation of Passenger Carriers › § 46.2-2064. When local license may not be required

No such county, city or town shall require a license or impose a license tax for the operation of any such motor vehicle for which a similar license is imposed or tax levied by the county, city or town of which the owner or operator of the motor vehicle is a resident, except that such license may be required and such license tax imposed by any such county, city, or town for the operation of any such motor vehicle if the owner, lessee, or operator thereof maintains a taxicab stand or otherwise solicits business within such county, city, or town; nor, except as herein expressly authorized, shall more than one county, city or town impose any such license fee or tax on the same vehicle. This article shall not be construed to apply to common carriers of persons operating as public carriers by authority of the Department of Motor Vehicles or under a franchise granted by any county, city, or town.
2001, c. 596.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 20 - Regulation of Passenger Carriers › § 46.2-2065. Local regulation of qualifications of operators; stands

The governing body of any county, city, or town may prescribe such reasonable regulations as to the character and qualifications of operators of any such vehicle as they deem proper and may provide for the designation and allocation, by the sheriff or chief of police, of stands for such vehicles and the persons who may use the same.
2001, c. 596.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 20 - Regulation of Passenger Carriers › § 46.2-2066. Penalty for violation of provisions of article or regulations

Every owner or operator of a motor vehicle used as a vehicle for the transportation of persons for a consideration on any highway, street, road, lane or alley in any county, city or town who violates any of the provisions of this article or regulations of a governing body made pursuant to this chapter shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and upon conviction thereof be fined not more than $100 for the first offense and not more than $500 for each subsequent offense.
2001, c. 596.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 20 - Regulation of Passenger Carriers › § 46.2-2067. Local regulation of number of taxicabs

A. It is the policy of this Commonwealth, based on the public health, safety and welfare, to assure safe and reliable privately operated taxicab service for the riding public in this Commonwealth; and in furtherance of this policy, it is recognized that it is essential that counties, cities and towns be granted the authority to reasonably regulate such taxicab service as to the number of operators and the number of vehicles that shall provide such service and regulations as to the rates or charges for such taxicab service, even though such regulations may have an anti-competitive effect on such service by limiting the number of operators and vehicles within a particular jurisdiction.
B. The governing body of any county, city, or town in the Commonwealth may regulate by ordinance and limit the number of taxicab operators and the number of taxicabs within its jurisdiction in order to provide safe and reliable privately operated taxicab service on any highway, street, road, lane or alley in such county, city, or town. The governing body may promulgate such reasonable regulations to further the provisions of this section including, but not limited to, minimum liability insurance requirements. However, such ordinances and regulations shall not prescribe the wages or compensation to be paid to any driver or lessor of any such motor vehicle by the owner or lessee thereof; nor shall such ordinances and regulations authorize the governing body to reduce the number of taxicabs permitted to be operated by a taxicab operator or a holder of a certificate issued under such ordinance, other than for non-use of such taxicabs or for cause as defined by such ordinance, including instances where there is a decrease in the demand for taxicab service. Further, such ordinances and regulations shall not impose (i) regulatory requirements concerning claims settlement practices beyond those imposed by § 46.2-2056 or (ii) financial requirements to qualify as a self-insurer beyond those imposed by § 46.2-2053 on any taxicab operator who, in lieu of filing an insurance policy or surety bond, has qualified as a self-insurer pursuant to § 46.2-2053 by depositing with the State Treasurer state, federal or municipal bonds or has filed an unconditional letter of credit issued by a bank. Nothing herein shall be construed to affect or control the authority of counties, cities or towns to set the amount, if any, of locally established liability insurance requirements that may be met by a program of self-insurance.
2001, c. 596; 2012, cc. 35, 105.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 20 - Regulation of Passenger Carriers › § 46.2-2069. Application; requirements

An applicant for a permit issued pursuant to this article shall furnish, at the time the application is made, a statement in writing signed by the applicant (i) setting forth the names and locations of the factories, plants, offices or other places of like nature to and from which the applicant proposes to operate and (ii) stating that such applicant will transport only bona fide employees of such factories, plants, offices or like places to and from work.
2001, c. 596.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 20 - Regulation of Passenger Carriers › § 46.2-2075. Required certificates of public convenience and necessity

No common carrier not otherwise exempted, other than a sight-seeing carrier, shall engage in intrastate operation on any highway within the Commonwealth without first having obtained from the Department a certificate of public convenience and necessity authorizing such operation.
2001, c. 596; 2011, cc. 881, 889.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 20 - Regulation of Passenger Carriers › § 46.2-2076. Application; notice requirements

In addition to the requirements of § 46.2-2001.3, an applicant for a common carrier certificate of public convenience and necessity issued under this article shall cause a notice of such application, on the form and in the manner prescribed by the Department, on the mayor or principal officer of any city or town and on the chairman of the board of supervisors of every county into or through which the applicant may desire to provide service.
2001, c. 596.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 20 - Regulation of Passenger Carriers › § 46.2-2077. Considerations for determination of issuance of certificate

In addition to the requirements of § 46.2-2011, in determining whether a certificate of public convenience and necessity required by this article shall be granted, the Department may consider the present transportation facilities over the proposed route or within the proposed service area, the volume of traffic over such route or in such service area, and the condition of the highway over the proposed route or service area.
2001, c. 596.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 20 - Regulation of Passenger Carriers › § 46.2-2078. No certificate to issue when service already adequate

No certificate of public convenience and necessity shall be granted to an applicant proposing to operate over the route of any certificated common carrier unless it is proved to the satisfaction of the Department that the service rendered by such certificate holder, over such route, is inadequate to the requirements of the public necessity and convenience; and if the Department is of the opinion that the service rendered by such certificate holder over such route is in any respect inadequate to the requirements of the public necessity and convenience, such certificate holder shall be given reasonable time and opportunity to remedy such inadequacy before any certificate shall be granted to an applicant proposing to operate over such route.
For the purpose of this section, the transportation of passengers by an urban-suburban bus line, hereby defined as a bus line, the majority of whose passengers use the buses for traveling a distance no more than forty miles, measured one way, on the same day, between their places of abode and their places of work, shopping areas, or schools, shall not be deemed an operation over the route of any common carrier of passengers holding a certificate of public convenience and necessity.
2001, c. 596.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 20 - Regulation of Passenger Carriers › § 46.2-2079. Certificates for passenger carriers operating over Interstate Highway System

Notwithstanding the provisions of § 46.2-2078, upon a showing of public convenience and necessity, the Department may, if it finds from the evidence that the public interest will be promoted thereby, issue to any carrier of passengers by motor vehicle a certificate or certificates authorizing operations in the Commonwealth upon highways that are part of the Interstate Highway System. The foregoing shall be applicable only to issuance of certificates for operations over such System. Except as otherwise indicated, all other applicable provisions of this chapter shall apply to such carriers and to such certificates.
2001, c. 596.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 20 - Regulation of Passenger Carriers › § 46.2-2080. Irregular route passenger certificates

Notwithstanding any of the provisions of § 46.2-2078, the Department may grant common carrier certificates to applicants to serve irregular routes on an irregular schedule within a specified geographic area. The Department shall issue no more certificates than the public convenience and necessity require, and shall place such restrictions upon such certificates as may be reasonably necessary to protect any existing regular or irregular route common carrier certificate holders operating within the proposed service area, but shall not deny a certificate solely on the ground that the applicant will operate in the same service area that an existing regular or irregular route common carrier certificate holder is operating. Certificates issued hereunder shall be restricted to operation of vehicles with a passenger-carrying capacity not to exceed 15 persons, including the driver. Certificates hereunder shall also be restricted to prohibit pickup or delivery of passengers at their personal residence in the City of Norfolk, except that this restriction shall not apply to specially equipped vehicles for the transportation of disabled persons.
A motor carrier receiving a notice of intent to award a contract under the Virginia Public Procurement Act (§ 2.2-4300 et seq.) for irregular route common carrier service to or from a public-use airport located in the City of Norfolk or the County of Henrico is entitled to a conclusive presumption of a need for such service.
2001, c. 596; 2002, cc. 681, 734; 2007, c. 813; 2011, c. 424.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 20 - Regulation of Passenger Carriers › § 46.2-2082. Schedule changes require Department approval; posting notice

A common carrier operating under a certificate issued by the Department pursuant to this article shall not make any change in schedules or service without having first received the approval of the Department for such change in schedules or service and without first posting a notice of such change in a conspicuous place at each station or ticket agency affected at least ten days before the effective date thereon. Any request for a change in schedules or service shall be received by the Department a minimum of ten days prior to the proposed effective date of such change.
2001, c. 596.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 20 - Regulation of Passenger Carriers › § 46.2-2083. Schedule title page and content

A. Title page of time schedules shall contain the following:
1. Time schedules must be numbered consecutively in the upper right hand corner, beginning with No. 1, and show the number of the time schedule cancelled thereby, if any.
2. Name of the motor carrier.
3. The termini or points between which the time schedules apply.
4. Date issued and date effective.
5. The name, title, and address of the officer issuing such time schedule, including street address.
B. Time schedules shall show:
1. The time of departure from all termini.
2. The time of departure from intermediate points between termini.
3. What points, if any, on route of carrier at which service cannot be rendered.
2001, c. 596.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 20 - Regulation of Passenger Carriers › § 46.2-2085. Abandonment, discontinuance, or deviation of service

Notwithstanding anything contained in this chapter to the contrary, no common carrier regulated pursuant to this article shall abandon or discontinue any service established under the provisions of this chapter without permission of the Department and on such terms as the Department may prescribe. Common carriers may occasionally deviate from their route or routes when authorized to do so by the Department.
2001, c. 596.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 20 - Regulation of Passenger Carriers › § 46.2-2086. Interruption of service

All interruptions of regular service that are likely to continue for more than twenty-four hours shall be promptly reported in writing to the Department with a full statement of cause of such interruption and its probable duration; however, any interruption of regular service that results from an act of God need not be reported to the Department unless it continues for more than seventy-two hours.
All interruptions of regular service shall be promptly reported to the agents of the carrier on the routes involved.
2001, c. 596.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 20 - Regulation of Passenger Carriers › § 46.2-2088. Duties of carriers of passengers as to through routes, equipment, rates, regulations, etc.

Every common carrier regulated pursuant to this article shall establish reasonable through routes with other such common carriers and shall provide safe and adequate service, equipment, and facilities for the transportation of passengers; shall establish, observe, and enforce just and reasonable individual and joint rates, fares and charges and just and reasonable regulations and practices relating thereto, and to the issuance, form, and substance of tickets, the carrying of baggage, the facilities for transportation, and all other matters relating to or connected with the transportation of passengers; and in case of such joint rates, fares, and charges, shall establish just, reasonable and equitable divisions thereof as between the carriers participating therein which shall not unduly prefer or prejudice any of such participating carriers.
2001, c. 596.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 20 - Regulation of Passenger Carriers › § 46.2-2089. Undue preference not permitted

Except as provided in § 46.2-2091, it shall be unlawful for any common carrier regulated pursuant to this article to make, give, or cause any undue or unreasonable preference or advantage to any particular person, port, gateway, locality, or description of traffic in any respect whatsoever, or to subject any particular person, port, gateway, locality, or description of traffic to any unjust discrimination or any undue or unreasonable prejudice or disadvantage in any respect whatsoever; however, this section shall not be construed to apply to discriminations, prejudice or disadvantage to the traffic of any other carrier of whatever description.
2001, c. 596.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 20 - Regulation of Passenger Carriers › § 46.2-2090. Tariffs showing rates, fares and charges; available for inspection

Every common carrier regulated pursuant to this article shall file with the Department at least thirty days before the effective date, and make available for public inspection, tariffs showing all the rates, fares and charges for transportation, and all services in connection therewith, of passengers between points on its own route and points on the route of any other such carrier, or on the route of any common carrier by railroad, air, or water, when a through route and joint rate shall have been established. Such rates, fares, and charges shall be stated in terms of lawful money of the United States. The tariffs required by this section shall be published, filed, and posted in such form and manner, and shall contain such information as the Department may prescribe. The Department is authorized to reject any tariff filed with it that is not in consonance with this section. Any tariff rejected by the Department shall be void, and its use shall be unlawful.
2001, c. 596.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 20 - Regulation of Passenger Carriers › § 46.2-2091. Unlawful to charge other than published tariff

No common carrier regulated pursuant to this article shall charge or demand or collect or receive greater compensation for transportation or for any service in connection therewith between the points enumerated in such tariff than the rates, fares, and charges specified in the tariffs in effect at the time.
2001, c. 596.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 20 - Regulation of Passenger Carriers › § 46.2-2092. Changes in tariffs

No change shall be made in any rate, fare, charge, or classification, or any rule, regulation, or practice affecting such rate, fare, charge, or classification, or the value of the service thereunder, specified in any effective tariff of a common carrier regulated pursuant to this article, except after thirty days' notice of the proposed change. Such notice shall plainly state the change proposed to be made and the time when such change will take effect. The Department may, in its discretion and for good cause shown, allow such change upon notice less than that herein specified or modify the requirements of this section with respect to posting and filing of tariffs.
2001, c. 596.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 20 - Regulation of Passenger Carriers › § 46.2-2093. Joint tariffs; power of attorney

A. A common carrier regulated pursuant to this article may authorize an agent or may join with another carrier or carriers in the publication of a joint tariff, supplement or amendment, and, where such authority is given, shall file with the Department prior to publication power of attorney or notice of concurrence, which shall specifically set out the authority given.
B. Where a carrier issues a power of attorney to an agent or a concurrence to another carrier for the publication of tariffs, such power of attorney or concurrence may not be revoked except upon sixty days' notice to the Department and the agent or carrier to which the power of attorney or concurrence was issued, except upon special permission of the Department.
2001, c. 596.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 20 - Regulation of Passenger Carriers › § 46.2-2094. No transportation except when rates have been filed and published

No common carrier regulated pursuant to this article, unless otherwise provided by this chapter, shall engage in the transportation of passengers unless the rates, fares, and charges upon which the same are transported by such carrier have been filed and published in accordance with the provisions of this article.
2001, c. 596.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 20 - Regulation of Passenger Carriers › § 46.2-2095. Terminals; local license taxes on operation

Counties, cities and towns may impose license taxes for the privilege of operating or conducting terminals for use by common carriers regulated pursuant to this article. Operation of terminals by such carriers in connection with and incidental to their business as such common carriers, and not for profit, or for such carriers where the local agent receives as his compensation a commission on tickets sold shall not be subject to the imposition of any such taxes. Lots used by such carriers for parking, storage and servicing of motor vehicles used in the business of such carriers and for taking on and discharging passengers shall not be deemed terminals. Nothing herein contained shall be construed to exempt the payment of license taxes on any other business that may be conducted on, at, or in any such terminal or lot.
2001, c. 596.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 20 - Regulation of Passenger Carriers › § 46.2-2096. Certificates required unless exempted

Unless otherwise exempted, no person shall engage in the business of a contract passenger carrier by motor vehicle on any highway within the Commonwealth on an intrastate basis unless such person has secured from the Department a certificate of fitness authorizing such business.
2001, c. 596; 2011, cc. 881, 889.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 20 - Regulation of Passenger Carriers › § 46.2-2098. Control, supervision and regulation by Department

Except as otherwise provided in this chapter, every contract passenger carrier shall be subject to the exclusive control, supervision, and regulation by the Department, except that enforcement of statutes and Department regulations shall be not only by the Department, but also by the Department of State Police and local law-enforcement agencies. Nothing in this section shall be construed as authorizing the adoption of local ordinances providing for local regulation of contract passenger carriers.
2001, c. 596.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 20 - Regulation of Passenger Carriers › § 46.2-2099. Operation except in accordance with chapter prohibited

No contract passenger carrier shall operate any motor vehicle for the transportation of passengers for compensation on any highway in the Commonwealth on an intrastate basis except in accordance with the provisions of this chapter. There shall be no commingling of unrelated passengers by use of a contract between a contract passenger carrier and a licensed broker for the transportation of passengers by motor vehicles.
2001, c. 596.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 20 - Regulation of Passenger Carriers › § 46.2-2099.1. Operational requirements; penalty

Contract passenger carriers shall provide service on a prearranged basis only for a minimum of one-hour per vehicle trip under a single contract made with one person for an agreed charge for such movement regardless of the number of passengers transported. Contract passenger carriers shall, prior to and at all times when providing compensated service, carry in each motor vehicle a trip sheet, contract order, or wireless text dispatching device identifying the names of the passengers who have arranged for use of the motor vehicle, the date and approximate time of pickup, and the origin and destination. Such trip sheet, contract order, or wireless text dispatching device shall be made available immediately upon request to authorized representatives of the Department, law-enforcement agencies, and airport authorities. Trip sheets, contract orders, or documentation produced by wireless text dispatching devices shall be retained and available for inspection at the carrier's place of business for a period of at least three years. Trip sheets, contract orders, or documentation may be retained (i) in the form of paper records; (ii) by microfilm, microfiche, similar microphotographic process; or (iii) by electronic means. The fact that a contract passenger carrier stations a motor vehicle at an airport, in front of or across the street from a hotel or motel, or within 100 feet of a recognized taxicab stand shall constitute prima facie evidence that the contract passenger carrier is operating in violation of this section, unless the carrier has (i) a completed trip sheet, contract order, or wireless text dispatching device displaying the information required by this section in the vehicle or (ii) a written agreement with an airport authority or hotel or motel owner providing office space devoted to the carrier's business in the airport, hotel, or motel. Any violation of this section shall be punishable as a Class 3 misdemeanor.
2001, c. 596; 2006, c. 449.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 20 - Regulation of Passenger Carriers › § 46.2-2099.4. Required certificate of fitness

No sight-seeing carrier, unless otherwise exempted, shall transport passengers on any highway within the Commonwealth on an intrastate basis without first having obtained from the Department a certificate of fitness authorizing such operation.
2001, c. 596; 2011, cc. 881, 889.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 20 - Regulation of Passenger Carriers › § 46.2-2099.5. Specific service and route requirements

A sight-seeing carrier shall transport passengers from a specific point or points of origin over regular routes to specific points of interest and back to the point or points of origin. Each passenger shall be issued a ticket on which shall be printed the points of interest and the fare charged for the round trip. Passengers shall be transported only on round trips without stopover privileges, and no part of a fare shall be refunded because of a passenger's refusal to complete the round trip.
2001, c. 596; 2011, cc. 881, 889.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 20 - Regulation of Passenger Carriers › § 46.2-2099.17. Regulation of brokers

The Department shall regulate TNC brokers and brokers and make and enforce reasonable requirements respecting their licenses, financial responsibility, accounts, records, reports, operations, and practices.
2001, c. 596; 2017, c. 635.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 20 - Regulation of Passenger Carriers › § 46.2-2099.18. Broker's license required

No person shall for compensation sell or offer for sale transportation subject to this chapter or shall make any contract, agreement, or arrangement to provide, procure, furnish, or arrange for such transportation or shall hold himself out by advertisement, solicitation, or otherwise as one who sells, provides, procures, contracts, or arranges for such transportation, unless such person holds a TNC broker's license or broker's license issued by the Department to engage in such transactions. However, the provisions of this section shall not apply to (i) any carrier holding a certificate or permit under the provisions of this chapter or to any bona fide employee or agent of such motor carrier, so far as concerns transportation to be furnished wholly by such carrier or jointly with other motor carriers holding like certificates or permits, or (ii) persons operating bed and breakfast establishments, provided that their broker service is provided only to guests of such bed and breakfast establishment.
For the purposes of this section, "bed and breakfast establishment" means any establishment (a) having no more than 15 bedrooms; (b) offering to the public, for compensation, transitory lodging or sleeping accommodations; and (c) offering at least one meal per day, which may but need not be breakfast, to each person to whom overnight lodging is provided.
2001, c. 596; 2017, c. 635; 2018, c. 435.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 20 - Regulation of Passenger Carriers › § 46.2-2099.19. Broker's license not substitute for other certificates or permits required

No person who holds a TNC broker's license or broker's license under this article shall engage in transportation subject to this chapter unless he holds a certificate or permit as provided in this chapter. In the execution of any contract, agreement, or arrangement to sell, provide, procure, furnish, or arrange for such transportation, it shall be unlawful for a broker to employ any carrier by motor vehicle who is not the lawful holder of an effective certificate or permit issued as provided in this chapter or when such certificate or permit does not authorize the carrier to perform the service being acquired.
A person holding a broker's license shall obtain and maintain a copy of the certificate of public convenience and necessity issued to those carriers through which the broker arranges transportation services. A person holding a TNC broker's license shall obtain and maintain a copy of the credential issued by the transportation network company pursuant to subsection H of § 46.2-2099.48 to those TNC partners through which the broker arranges transportation services.
A person holding a TNC broker's license shall, for each TNC partner for whom it arranges transportation, either:
1. Verify that a TNC partner meets all requirements set forth in §§ 46.2-2099.49 and 46.2-2099.50 and obtain all documentation that a transportation network company is required to obtain pursuant to those sections; or
2. Obtain a certification from the transportation network company that authorized the TNC partner that the TNC partner has satisfied all requirements set forth in §§ 46.2-2099.49 and 46.2-2099.50.
2001, c. 596; 2013, cc. 165, 582; 2017, c. 635.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 20 - Regulation of Passenger Carriers › § 46.2-2099.21. Exemptions from operation of article

This article shall not be construed to include:
1. Persons engaged in operating boats exclusively for fishing;
2. Persons engaged in operating boats that have (i) an approved passenger capacity of twenty-five or less persons and (ii) are operated as special or charter parties under this chapter; or
3. The City of Hampton when acting as a sight-seeing carrier by boat or special or charter party carrier by boat.
2001, c. 596; 2007, c. 813.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 20 - Regulation of Passenger Carriers › § 46.2-2099.30. Insurance to be kept in force

Sight-seeing carriers by boat, special or charter party carriers by boat and motor carriers by launch shall keep in force at all times marine protection and indemnity insurance in an amount not less than $500,000 for bodily injury and property damage.
2001, c. 596; 2002, c. 861.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 20 - Regulation of Passenger Carriers › § 46.2-2099.41. Certification requirements

A. A person may apply to the Department for certification as an operator of an excursion train. The Department shall certify an applicant if the Department determines that the applicant will operate a passenger train that:
1. Is primarily used for tourism or public service; and
2. Leads to the promotion of the tourist industry in the Commonwealth.
B. An application for certification shall include:
1. The name and address of each person who owns an interest of at least 10 percent of the excursion train operation;
2. An address in the Commonwealth where the excursion train is based;
3. An operations plan, including the route to be used and a schedule of operations and stops along the route; and
4. Evidence of insurance that meets the requirements of subsection C.
C. The Department shall not certify to a person under subsection A unless the person files with the Department evidence of insurance providing coverage of liability resulting from injury to persons or damages to property in the amount of at least $10 million for the operation of the train.
D. The Department shall not certify an applicant under subsection A if the applicant or any other person owning interest in the excursion train also owns or operates a regularly scheduled passenger train service with interstate connection.
2001, c. 596; 2003, c. 286; 2007, c. 813; 2016, c. 431.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 20 - Regulation of Passenger Carriers › § 46.2-2099.42. Assignment of liability

A. The operator of an excursion train shall be liable for personal injury or wrongful death arising from the operation of such excursion train, including operations, maintenance, and signalization of the tracks and facilities upon which the excursion train operates.
B. Any county, city, or town may by resolution determine that the provision of excursion train services within the locality promotes tourism and furthers other public purposes. Any railroad company that authorizes the operator of an excursion train to use its tracks and facilities for the purposes of this article shall not be liable for personal injury or wrongful death arising from the operation of such excursion train, including operations, maintenance, and signalization of the tracks and facilities upon which the excursion train operates.
C. The limitation of liability under subsection B does not apply if:
1. The injury or damages result from intentional misconduct, malice, or gross negligence of the railroad company; or
2. The operator of the excursion train was not operating in accordance with the definition of an excursion train under this chapter and the railroad company had otherwise authorized the operations that were inconsistent with this chapter.
D. Each passenger on the excursion train shall be deemed to have accepted and consented to the limitation of liability under this section. This agreement shall be governed by the laws of the Commonwealth as the place of performance notwithstanding any choice of law rules to the contrary.
E. The railroad company may charge reasonable amounts to the operator of the excursion train for the use of its tracks and facilities as determined by agreement between the railroad company and the operator.
2001, c. 596; 2016, c. 431.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 20 - Regulation of Passenger Carriers › § 46.2-2099.43. Notice to passengers

The operator of an excursion train shall:
1. Issue each passenger a ticket with the following statement in twelve point boldface type: "THE RAILROAD COMPANY WHICH OWNS THE TRACKS AND FACILITIES UPON WHICH THIS EXCURSION TRAIN OPERATES SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR PERSONAL INJURY OR WRONGFUL DEATH ARISING FROM THE OPERATION OF THE EXCURSION TRAIN, INCLUDING OPERATIONS, MAINTENANCE, AND SIGNALIZATION OF THE TRACKS AND FACILITIES."
2. Post a notice near any passenger boarding area containing the same statement contained in subdivision 1, in letters that are at least two inches high.
2001, c. 596.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 20 - Regulation of Passenger Carriers › § 46.2-2099.44. Certificate of fitness required

No nonemergency medical transportation carrier, unless otherwise exempted, shall transport passengers on any highway within the Commonwealth on an intrastate basis without first having obtained from the Department a certificate of fitness authorizing such operation.
2011, cc. 881, 889.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 20 - Regulation of Passenger Carriers › § 46.2-2099.45. Certificates required unless exempted

Unless otherwise exempted, no person shall engage in the business of a transportation network company on any highway within the Commonwealth on an intrastate basis unless such person has secured from the Department a certificate of fitness authorizing such business.
2015, cc. 2, 3.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 20 - Regulation of Passenger Carriers › § 46.2-2099.46. Control, supervision, and regulation by Department

Except as otherwise provided in this chapter, every transportation network company, TNC partner, and TNC partner vehicle shall be subject to exclusive control, supervision, and regulation by the Department, but enforcement of statutes and Department regulations shall be not only by the Department but also by any other law-enforcement officer. Nothing in this section shall be construed as authorizing the adoption of local ordinances providing for local regulation of transportation network companies, TNC partners, or TNC partner vehicles.
2015, cc. 2, 3.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 46.2 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 21 - Regulation of Property Carriers › § 46.2-2101. Exemptions from chapter

The following are exempt from this chapter:
1. Motor vehicles owned and operated by the United States, District of Columbia, any state, municipality, or any other political subdivision of the Commonwealth.
2. Transportation of property between any point in this Commonwealth and any point outside this Commonwealth or between any points wholly within the limits of any city or town in the Commonwealth. This exemption shall not apply to the requirement to declare for-hire operation pursuant to § 46.2-2121.1 or the insurance requirement imposed on motor carriers pursuant to § 46.2-2143.1.
3. Motor vehicles controlled and operated by a bona fide cooperative association as defined in the Federal Marketing Act, approved June 15, 1929, as amended, or organized or existing under Article 2 (§ 13.1-312 et seq.) of Chapter 3 of Title 13.1, while used exclusively in the conduct of the business of such association. This exemption shall not apply to the requirement to declare for-hire operation pursuant to § 46.2-2121.1.
4. Motor vehicles while used exclusively in (i) carrying newspapers, water, livestock, poultry, poultry products, buttermilk, fresh milk and cream, meats, butter and cheese produced on a farm, fish (including shellfish), slate, horticultural or agricultural commodities (not including manufactured products thereof), and forest products, including lumber and staves (but not including manufactured products thereof), (ii) transporting farm supplies to a farm or farms, (iii) hauling for the Department of Transportation, (iv) carrying fertilizer to any warehouse or warehouses for subsequent distribution to a local area farm or farms, or (v) collecting and disposing of trash, garbage and other refuse. This exemption shall not apply to the requirement to declare for-hire operation pursuant to § 46.2-2121.1.
5. Motor vehicles used for transporting property by an air carrier or carrier affiliated with a direct air carrier whether or not such property has had or will have a prior or subsequent air movement. This exemption shall not apply to the requirement to declare for-hire operation pursuant to § 46.2-2121.1.
6. Motor carriers exclusively operating passenger cars, motorcycles, autocycles, mopeds, and vehicles with a gross vehicle weight rating of 10,000 pounds or less. This exemption shall not apply to the insurance requirements imposed on motor carriers pursuant to § 46.2-2143.1 or 46.2-2143.2.
7. Personal delivery devices as defined in § 46.2-100.
Code 1950, § 56-338.2; 1954, c. 344; 1956, c. 697; 1973, c. 305; 1995, cc. 744, 803; 2001, c. 596; 2003, c. 832; 2012, c. 638; 2017, cc. 251, 788, 790, 815; 2020, c. 1269.