reglab/statecodes huggingface dataset:
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 54.1 - Professions and Occupations › Chapter 29 - Medicine and Other Healing Arts › § 54.1-2927. Applicants from other states without reciprocity; temporary licenses or certificates for certain practitioners of the healing arts

A. The Board, in its discretion, may issue certificates or licenses to applicants upon endorsement by boards or other appropriate authorities of other states or territories or the District of Columbia with which reciprocal relations have not been established if the credentials of such applicants are satisfactory and the examinations and passing grades required by such other boards are fully equal to those required by the Virginia Board.
The Board may issue certificates or licenses to applicants holding certificates from the national boards of their respective branches of the healing arts if their credentials, schools of graduation and national board examinations and results are acceptable to the Board. The Board shall promulgate regulations in order to carry out the provisions of this section.
The Board of Medicine shall prioritize applicants for licensure as a doctor of medicine or osteopathic medicine, a physician assistant, or an advanced practice registered nurse from such states that are contiguous with the Commonwealth in processing their applications for licensure by endorsement through a streamlined process, with a final determination regarding qualification to be made within 20 days of the receipt of a completed application.
B. The Board may issue authorization to practice valid for a period not to exceed three months to a practitioner of the healing arts licensed or certified and in good standing with the applicable regulatory agency in the state, District of Columbia, or Canada where the practitioner resides when the practitioner is in Virginia temporarily to practice the healing arts (i) in a summer camp or in conjunction with patients who are participating in recreational activities, (ii) in continuing education programs, or (iii) by rendering at any site any health care services within the limits of his license or certificate, voluntarily and without compensation, to any patient of any clinic that is organized in whole or in part for the delivery of health care services without charge as provided in § 54.1-106. A fee not to exceed $25 may be charged by the Board for the issuance of authorization to practice pursuant to the provisions of this subsection.
Code 1950, §§ 54-276.5, 54-310; 1954, c. 626; 1958, c. 161; 1960, cc. 333, 334; 1970, c. 69; 1972, c. 15; 1973, c. 529; 1975, c. 508; 1981, c. 300; 1985, c. 303; 1988, c. 765; 1992, c. 414; 1993, c. 784; 2016, c. 494; 2020, cc. 236, 368; 2023, c. 183.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 54.1 - Professions and Occupations › Chapter 29 - Medicine and Other Healing Arts › § 54.1-2928.1. Restricted volunteer license

A. The Board may issue a restricted volunteer license to a practitioner of the healing arts who:
1. Held an unrestricted license issued by the Virginia Board of Medicine or by a board in another state as a licensee in good standing at the time the license expired or became inactive;
2. Is practicing within the limits of his license in accordance with provisions of § 54.1-106; and
3. Attests to knowledge of the laws and regulations governing his branch of the healing arts in Virginia.
B. A person holding a restricted volunteer license under this section shall not be required to complete continuing education for the first renewal of such a license. Subsequent renewals will require continuing education as specified by Board regulation.
C. If a practitioner with a restricted volunteer license issued under this section has not held an active, unrestricted license and been engaged in active practice within the past four years, he shall only practice his profession if a doctor of medicine or osteopathic medicine with an active, unrestricted Virginia license reviews the quality of care rendered by the practitioner with the restricted volunteer license at least every 90 days.
D. Such license may be renewed every two years in accordance with regulations promulgated by the Board.
E. A practitioner holding a restricted volunteer license issued pursuant to this section is subject to the provisions of this chapter, the regulations promulgated under this chapter, and the disciplinary regulations which apply to all such practitioners in Virginia.
F. The application fee and the biennial renewal fee for restricted volunteer license under this section shall be no more than one-half the renewal fee for an inactive license in the same branch of the healing arts.
2006, c. 881.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 54.1 - Professions and Occupations › Chapter 29 - Medicine and Other Healing Arts › § 54.1-2928.2. Board to adopt regulations related to prescribing of opioids and buprenorphine

The Board shall adopt regulations for the prescribing of opioids and products containing buprenorphine. Such regulations shall include guidelines for:
1. The treatment of acute pain, which shall include (i) requirements for an appropriate patient history and evaluation, (ii) limitations on dosages or day supply of drugs prescribed, (iii) requirements for appropriate documentation in the patient's health record, and (iv) a requirement that the prescriber request and review information contained in the Prescription Monitoring Program in accordance with § 54.1-2522.1;
2. The treatment of chronic pain, which shall include, in addition to the requirements for treatment of acute pain set forth in subdivision 1, requirements for (i) development of a treatment plan for the patient, (ii) an agreement for treatment signed by the provider and the patient that includes permission to obtain urine drug screens, and (iii) periodic review of the treatment provided at specific intervals to determine the continued appropriateness of such treatment; and
3. The use of buprenorphine in the treatment of addiction, including a requirement for referral to or consultation with a provider of substance abuse counseling in conjunction with treatment of opioid dependency with products containing buprenorphine.
2017, cc. 291, 682.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 54.1 - Professions and Occupations › Chapter 29 - Medicine and Other Healing Arts › § 54.1-2928.3. Continuing learning activities

Of the hours of continuing education required for biennial renewal of licensure, any licensee of the Board of Medicine may be required by the Board to complete up to two hours of Type 1 continuing learning activities or courses in a specific subject area. If the Board designates a subject area for continuing learning activities or courses, it shall publish such requirement no later than January 1 of the first year of the term of the license for which the specific learning activity or course is required.
2023, cc. 418, 419.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 54.1 - Professions and Occupations › Chapter 29 - Medicine and Other Healing Arts › § 54.1-2929. Licenses required

No person shall practice or hold himself out as qualified to practice medicine, osteopathy, chiropractic, or podiatry without obtaining a license from the Board of Medicine as provided in this chapter.
Code 1950, § 54-281; 1966, c. 657, § 54-281.3; 1970, c. 69; 1988, c. 765; 1996, cc. 937, 980.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 54.1 - Professions and Occupations › Chapter 29 - Medicine and Other Healing Arts › § 54.1-2930. Requirements for licensure

The Board may issue a license to practice medicine, osteopathy, chiropractic, and podiatric medicine to any candidate who has submitted satisfactory evidence verified by affidavits that he:
1. Is 18 years of age or more;
2. Is of good moral character;
3. Has successfully completed all or such part as may be prescribed by the Board, of an educational course of study of that branch of the healing arts in which he desires a license to practice, which course of study and the educational institution providing that course of study are acceptable to the Board; and
4. Has completed at least 12 months of satisfactory postgraduate training in one program or institution approved by an accrediting agency recognized by the Board for internships or residency training. At the discretion of the Board, the postgraduate training may be waived if an applicant for licensure in podiatry has been in active practice for four continuous years while serving in the military and is a diplomate of the American Board of Podiatric Surgery. Applicants for licensure in chiropractic need not fulfill this requirement.
In determining whether such course of study and institution are acceptable to it, the Board may consider the reputation of the institution and whether it is approved or accredited by regional or national educational or professional associations, including such organizations as the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education, Liaison Committee on Medical Education, Council on Postgraduate Training of the American Osteopathic Association, Commission on Osteopathic College Accreditation, College of Family Physicians of Canada, Committee for the Accreditation of Canadian Medical Schools, Education Commission on Foreign Medical Graduates, Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada, or their appropriate subsidiary agencies; by any appropriate agency of the United States government; or by any other organization approved by the Board.
Code 1950, § 54-305; 1952, c. 211; 1954, c. 626; 1972, c. 824; 1975, c. 508; 1982, c. 605; 1985, c. 605; 1988, cc. 89, 132, 765; 2013, c. 144; 2015, c. 525; 2017, cc. 59, 117.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 54.1 - Professions and Occupations › Chapter 29 - Medicine and Other Healing Arts › § 54.1-2931. Examinations; passing grade

A. The examinations of candidates for licensure to practice medicine and osteopathy shall be those of the National Board of Medical Examiners, the Federation of State Medical Boards, the National Board of Osteopathic Medical Examiners, or such other examinations as determined by the Board. The minimum passing score shall be determined by the Board prior to administration of the examination.
B. The examination of candidates for licensure to practice chiropractic shall include the National Board of Chiropractic Examiners Examinations and such other examinations as determined by the Board. The minimum passing score shall be determined by the Board prior to administration of the examination.
C. The examination of candidates for licensure to practice podiatry shall be the National Board of Podiatric Medical Examiners examinations and such other examinations as determined by the Board. The minimum passing score shall be determined by the Board prior to administration of the examination.
Code 1950, § 54-297; 1958, c. 161; 1966, c. 657; 1970, c. 69; 1973, c. 529; 1978, c. 466; 1982, c. 605; 1985, c. 291; 1988, c. 765; 1990, c. 818; 2013, c. 144.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 54.1 - Professions and Occupations › Chapter 29 - Medicine and Other Healing Arts › § 54.1-2932. Issuance of licenses to practice

Upon completion of an application satisfactory to the Board, applicants shall be granted licenses to practice medicine, osteopathy, chiropractic, or podiatry and each license shall show plainly on its face the school or branch of the healing arts in which the holder thereof is permitted to practice. All licenses shall be attested by the signature of the president and secretary of the Board, respectively.
Code 1950, § 54-309; 1958, cc. 161, 461; 1968, c. 766; 1970, c. 69; 1980, c. 157; 1985, c. 96; 1988, c. 765; 2013, c. 144.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 54.1 - Professions and Occupations › Chapter 29 - Medicine and Other Healing Arts › § 54.1-2933.1. Temporary licensure of certain foreign graduates to obtain training

The Board may issue, to a physician licensed in a foreign country, a nonrenewable license valid for a period not to exceed two years to practice medicine while such physician is attending advanced training in an institute for postgraduate health science operated collaboratively by a health care system having hospitals and health care facilities with residency and training program(s) approved by an accrediting agency recognized by the Board and a public institution of higher education. This temporary license shall only authorize the holder to practice medicine in the hospitals and outpatient clinics of the collaborating health care system while he is receiving training in the institute for postgraduate health science. The Board may promulgate regulations for such license.
1995, c. 230; 2000, c. 788.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 54.1 - Professions and Occupations › Chapter 29 - Medicine and Other Healing Arts › § 54.1-2934. Evidence of right to practice required of certain foreign graduates

Every candidate who is a graduate of a school of a country other than the United States and Canada must, in addition to meeting the other requirements of this article, exhibit to the Board a diploma, license or certificate conferring the full right to practice in that country, or satisfactory evidence showing that the candidate has completed the course of study and passed examinations equivalent to those required for a diploma or license conferring such full right to practice.
1954, c. 626, § 54-306.2; 1988, c. 765.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 54.1 - Professions and Occupations › Chapter 29 - Medicine and Other Healing Arts › § 54.1-2936. Limited licenses to certain graduates of foreign medical schools

A. After receiving a recommendation from the dean of an accredited medical school which was reached after consultation with the chairmen of the departments in the school or college and having become satisfied that the applicant is a person of professorial rank whose knowledge and special training will benefit the medical school or educational programs sponsored by the medical school in affiliated hospitals, the Board may issue a limited license to practice medicine in the hospitals and outpatient clinics of the school or college or in a hospital formally affiliated with the medical school for purposes of undergraduate or postgraduate medical education to a graduate of a foreign medical school as long as he serves as a full-time or adjunct faculty member. This limited license shall be valid for a period of not more than one year, but may be renewed annually by the Board upon recommendation of the dean of the medical school and continued service as a full-time or adjunct faculty member.
B. After receiving a recommendation from the dean of an accredited medical school which was reached after consultation with the chairmen of the departments in the school or college and having become satisfied that the applicant is a person whose attendance will benefit the medical school, the Board may issue a limited license to practice medicine as a fellow if such fellowship is ranked between the residency level and that of associate professor. This limited license shall only authorize the holder to practice medicine in the hospitals and outpatient clinics of the school while he is a full-time fellow. The license shall be valid for a period of not more than one year, but may be renewed upon recommendation of the dean of the medical school and continuation of the fellowship. A limited license to a foreign graduate engaged in a fellowship shall not be renewed more than twice.
1964, c. 285, § 54-311.1; 1970, c. 69; 1975, c. 508; 1977, c. 586, § 54-311.2; 1988, c. 765; 2003, c. 473.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 54.1 - Professions and Occupations › Chapter 29 - Medicine and Other Healing Arts › § 54.1-2937. Temporary licenses to interns and residents in hospitals and other organizations

Upon recommendation by the chief of an approved internship or residency program as defined in this chapter, the Board may issue a temporary annual license to practice medicine, osteopathic medicine, or podiatry to interns and residents in such programs. No such license shall be issued to an intern or resident who has not completed successfully the preliminary academic education required for admission to examinations given by the Board in his particular field of practice. Such license shall expire upon the holder's withdrawal or termination from the internship or residency program. The Board may prescribe such regulations not in conflict with existing law and require such reports from hospitals or other organizations operating an approved graduate medical education program in the Commonwealth as may be necessary to carry out the provisions of this section.
1986, c. 307, § 54-311.3; 1987, c. 44; 1988, c. 765; 2015, c. 525.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 54.1 - Professions and Occupations › Chapter 29 - Medicine and Other Healing Arts › § 54.1-2937.1. Retiree license

A. The Board may issue a retiree license to any doctor of medicine, osteopathy, podiatry, or chiropractic who holds an unrestricted, active license to practice in the Commonwealth upon receipt of a request and submission of the fee required by the Board. A person to whom a retiree license has been issued shall not be required to meet continuing competency requirements for the first biennial renewal of such license.
B. A person to whom a retiree license has been issued shall only engage in the practice of medicine, osteopathy, podiatry, or chiropractic for the purpose of providing (i) charity care, as defined in § 32.1-102.1, and (ii) health care services to patients in their residence for whom travel is a barrier to receiving medical care.
2019, c. 379.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 54.1 - Professions and Occupations › Chapter 29 - Medicine and Other Healing Arts › § 54.1-2939. Surgery by podiatrists on patients under general anesthesia limited

Podiatrists shall not perform surgery on patients under a general anesthetic except in a hospital or an ambulatory surgery center accredited by a national accrediting organization granted authority by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services to assure compliance with Medicare conditions of participation pursuant to § 1865 of Title XVIII of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. § 1395bb).
1977, c. 127, § 54-275.2; 1988, c. 765; 1999, c. 651; 2013, c. 144.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 54.1 - Professions and Occupations › Chapter 29 - Medicine and Other Healing Arts › § 54.1-2941. Contracts of practitioners with approved colleges and certain state agencies not prohibited

This chapter shall not be construed to prohibit, forbid or prevent (i) any approved school of medicine, osteopathy, podiatry or chiropractic from contracting with any licensed practitioner to teach or participate in a preceptorship program in such college on such terms of compensation as may be mutually satisfactory, which contract may prescribe the extent, if any, to which the practitioner may engage in private practice, or (ii) any institution, hospital, treatment center, sanatorium or other similar agency under the management and control of an agency of the Commonwealth from employing or contracting with any licensed practitioner to furnish professional services in the work of the agency, or to persons entitled to receive such care from the agency.
1958, c. 275, § 54-275.1; 1984, c. 710; 1988, c. 765.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 54.1 - Professions and Occupations › Chapter 29 - Medicine and Other Healing Arts › § 54.1-2949. License required

It shall be unlawful for a person to practice or to hold himself out as practicing as a physician assistant or to use in connection with his name the words or letters "Physician Assistant" or "PA" unless he holds a license as such issued by the Board.
1988, c. 765; 2013, c. 144; 2016, c. 450.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 54.1 - Professions and Occupations › Chapter 29 - Medicine and Other Healing Arts › § 54.1-2950. Requisite training and educational achievements of assistants

The Board shall establish a testing program to determine the training and educational achievements of the physician assistant or the Board may accept other evidence, such as experience or completion of an approved training program, in lieu of testing and shall establish this as a prerequisite for approval of the licensee's application.
Pending the outcome of the next examination administered by the National Commission on Certification of Physician Assistants, the Board may grant provisional licensure to graduates of physician assistants curricula that are approved by the Accreditation Review Commission on Education for the Physician Assistant. Such provisional licensure shall be granted at the discretion of the Board.
1973, c. 529, § 54-281.7; 1984, c. 46; 1988, c. 765; 1997, c. 806; 2013, c. 144; 2016, c. 450.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 54.1 - Professions and Occupations › Chapter 29 - Medicine and Other Healing Arts › § 54.1-2950.1. Advisory Board on Physician Assistants; membership; qualifications

The Advisory Board on Physician Assistants shall consist of five members to be appointed by the Governor as follows: three members shall be licensed physician assistants who have practiced their professions in Virginia for not less than three years prior to their appointments; one shall be a physician who collaborates with at least one physician assistant; and one shall be a citizen member appointed from the Commonwealth at large. Appointments shall be for four-year terms. Vacancies occurring other than by expiration of term shall be filled for the unexpired term. No person shall be eligible to serve on the Advisory Board for more than two successive terms.
1998, c. 319; 2002, c. 698; 2011, cc. 691, 714; 2021, Sp. Sess. I, c. 210.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 54.1 - Professions and Occupations › Chapter 29 - Medicine and Other Healing Arts › § 54.1-2951.1. Requirements for licensure and practice as a physician assistant; licensure by endorsement

A. The Board shall promulgate regulations establishing requirements for licensure as a physician assistant that shall include the following:
1. Successful completion of a physician assistant program or surgical physician assistant program accredited by the Accreditation Review Commission on Education for the Physician Assistant;
2. Passage of the certifying examination administered by the National Commission on Certification of Physician Assistants; and
3. Documentation that the applicant for licensure has not had his license or certification as a physician assistant suspended or revoked and is not the subject of any disciplinary proceedings in another jurisdiction.
B. The Board may issue a license by endorsement to an applicant for licensure as a physician assistant if the applicant (i) is the spouse of an active duty member of the Armed Forces of the United States or the Commonwealth, (ii) holds current certification from the National Commission on Certification of Physician Assistants, and (iii) holds a license as a physician assistant that is in good standing, or that is eligible for reinstatement if lapsed, under the laws of another state.
C. Every physician assistant shall practice as part of a patient care team and shall provide care in accordance with a written or electronic practice agreement with one or more patient care team physicians or patient care team podiatrists.
A practice agreement shall include acts pursuant to § 54.1-2952, provisions for the periodic review of patient charts or electronic health records, guidelines for collaboration and consultation among the parties to the agreement and the patient, periodic joint evaluation of the services delivered, and provisions for appropriate physician input in complex clinical cases, in patient emergencies, and for referrals.
A practice agreement may include provisions for periodic site visits by a patient care team physician or patient care team podiatrist who is part of the patient care team at a location other than where the licensee regularly practices. Such visits shall be in the manner and at the frequency as determined by the patient care team physician or patient care team podiatrist who is part of the patient care team.
D. Evidence of a practice agreement shall be maintained by the physician assistant and provided to the Board upon request. The practice agreement may be maintained in writing or electronically and may be a part of credentialing documents, practice protocols, or procedures.
1998, c. 319; 2011, c. 390; 2013, c. 144; 2016, c. 450; 2019, cc. 92, 137, 338; 2021, Sp. Sess. I, c. 210.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 54.1 - Professions and Occupations › Chapter 29 - Medicine and Other Healing Arts › § 54.1-2951.2. Issuance of a license

The Board shall issue a license to the physician assistant to practice in accordance with § 54.1-2951.1.
1998, c. 319; 2019, cc. 92, 137; 2021, Sp. Sess. I, c. 210.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 54.1 - Professions and Occupations › Chapter 29 - Medicine and Other Healing Arts › § 54.1-2951.3. Restricted volunteer license for certain physician assistants

A. The Board may issue a restricted volunteer license to a physician assistant who meets the qualifications for licensure for physician assistants. The Board may refuse issuance of licensure pursuant to § 54.1-2915.
B. A person holding a restricted volunteer license under this section shall:
1. Only practice in public health or community free clinics approved by the Board;
2. Only treat patients who have no insurance or who are not eligible for financial assistance for medical care; and
3. Not receive remuneration directly or indirectly for practicing as a physician assistant.
C. A physician assistant with a restricted volunteer license issued under this section shall only practice as a physician assistant and perform certain acts which constitute the practice of medicine to the extent and in the manner authorized by the Board if:
1. A patient care team physician or patient care team podiatrist is available at all times to collaborate and consult with the physician assistant; or
2. A patient care team physician or patient care team podiatrist periodically reviews the relevant patient records.
D. A restricted volunteer license granted pursuant to this section shall be issued to the physician assistant without charge, shall expire twelve months from the date of issuance, and may be renewed annually in accordance with regulations promulgated by the Board.
E. A physician assistant holding a restricted volunteer license issued pursuant to this section is subject to the provisions of this chapter and the regulations promulgated under this chapter unless otherwise provided for in this section.
1998, c. 319; 2005, c. 163; 2019, cc. 92, 137.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 54.1 - Professions and Occupations › Chapter 29 - Medicine and Other Healing Arts › § 54.1-2951.4. Exception to physician assistant license requirement; physician assistant student

The provisions of § 54.1-2902 shall not be construed as prohibiting a physician assistant student who is enrolled in a physician assistant education program accredited by the Accreditation Review Commission on Education for the Physician Assistant or its successor agency from engaging in acts that constitute practice as a physician assistant.
2021, Sp. Sess. I, c. 210.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 54.1 - Professions and Occupations › Chapter 29 - Medicine and Other Healing Arts › § 54.1-2952.1. Prescription of certain controlled substances and devices by licensed physician assistants

A. In accordance with the provisions of this section and pursuant to the requirements of Chapter 33 (§ 54.1-3300 et seq.), a licensed physician assistant shall have the authority to prescribe controlled substances and devices as set forth in Chapter 34 (§ 54.1-3400 et seq.) and as provided in a practice agreement. Such practice agreements shall include a statement of the controlled substances the physician assistant is or is not authorized to prescribe and may restrict such prescriptive authority as deemed appropriate by the patient care team physician or patient care team podiatrist.
B. It shall be unlawful for the physician assistant to prescribe controlled substances or devices pursuant to this section unless such prescription is authorized by the practice agreement and the requirements in this section.
C. The Board of Medicine, in consultation with the Board of Pharmacy, shall promulgate such regulations governing the prescriptive authority of physician assistants as are deemed reasonable and necessary to ensure an appropriate standard of care for patients.
The regulations promulgated pursuant to this section shall include, at a minimum, (i) such requirements as may be necessary to ensure continued physician assistant competency, which may include continuing education, testing, and any other requirement and shall address the need to promote ethical practice, an appropriate standard of care, patient safety, the use of new pharmaceuticals, and appropriate communication with patients, and (ii) a requirement that the physician assistant disclose to his patients his name, address, and telephone number and that he is a physician assistant. If a patient or his representative requests to speak with the patient care team physician or patient care team podiatrist, the physician assistant shall arrange for communication between the parties or provide the necessary information.
D. This section shall not prohibit a licensed physician assistant from administering controlled substances in compliance with the definition of "administer" in § 54.1-3401 or from receiving and dispensing manufacturers' professional samples of controlled substances in compliance with the provisions of this section.
1992, c. 793; 1997, c. 806; 1999, c. 745; 2001, c. 465; 2003, c. 510; 2007, c. 16; 2016, c. 450; 2019, cc. 92, 137; 2021, Sp. Sess. I, c. 210.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 54.1 - Professions and Occupations › Chapter 29 - Medicine and Other Healing Arts › § 54.1-2952.2. When physician assistant signature accepted

Whenever any law or regulation requires a signature, certification, stamp, verification, affidavit, or endorsement by a physician, it shall be deemed to include a signature, certification, stamp, verification, affidavit, or endorsement by a physician assistant.
2011, c. 468.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 54.1 - Professions and Occupations › Chapter 29 - Medicine and Other Healing Arts › § 54.1-2953. Renewal, revocation, suspension, and refusal

The Board may revoke, suspend, or refuse to renew a license to practice as a physician assistant for any of the following:
1. Any action by a physician assistant constituting unprofessional conduct pursuant to § 54.1-2915;
2. Practice by a physician assistant other than as part of a patient care team, including practice without entering into a practice agreement with one or more patient care team physicians or patient care team podiatrists;
3. Failure of the physician assistant to practice in accordance with the requirements of his practice agreement;
4. Negligence or incompetence on the part of the physician assistant or other member of the patient care team;
5. Violation of or cooperation in the violation of any provision of this chapter or the regulations of the Board; or
6. Failure to comply with any regulation of the Board required for licensure of a physician assistant.
1973, c. 529, §§ 54-281.8, 54-281.9; 1985, c. 316; 1988, c. 765; 2013, c. 144; 2016, c. 450; 2019, cc. 92, 137; 2021, Sp. Sess. I, c. 210.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 54.1 - Professions and Occupations › Chapter 29 - Medicine and Other Healing Arts › § 54.1-2954. Respiratory therapist; definition

"Respiratory therapist" means a person who has passed the examination for the entry level practice of respiratory care administered by the National Board for Respiratory Care, Inc., or other examination approved by the Board, who has complied with the regulations pertaining to licensure prescribed by the Board, and who has been issued a license by the Board.
1985, c. 347, § 54-281.10; 1988, c. 765; 1998, c. 557; 2015, c. 302.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 54.1 - Professions and Occupations › Chapter 29 - Medicine and Other Healing Arts › § 54.1-2954.1. Powers of Board concerning respiratory care

The Board shall take such actions as may be necessary to ensure the competence and integrity of any person who claims to be a respiratory therapist or who holds himself out to the public as a respiratory therapist or who engages in the practice of respiratory care and to that end the Board shall license persons as respiratory therapists. The Board shall consider and may accept relevant practical experience and didactic and clinical components of education and training completed by an applicant for licensure as a respiratory therapist during his service as a member of any branch of the armed forces of the United States as evidence of the satisfaction of the educational requirements for licensure as a respiratory therapist. The provisions hereof shall not prevent or prohibit other persons licensed pursuant to this chapter from continuing to practice respiratory care when such practice is in accordance with regulations promulgated by the Board.
The Board shall establish requirements for the supervised, structured education of respiratory therapists, including preclinical, didactic and laboratory, and clinical activities, and an examination to evaluate competency. All such training programs shall be approved by the Board.
1990, c. 920; 1998, c. 557; 2011, c. 390; 2015, c. 302.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 54.1 - Professions and Occupations › Chapter 29 - Medicine and Other Healing Arts › § 54.1-2955. Restriction of titles

A. It is unlawful for any person not holding a current and valid license from the Board to practice as a respiratory therapist or to assume the title "Respiratory Therapist" or to use, in conjunction with his name, the letters "RT."
B. Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection A, a person who has graduated from an accredited respiratory therapy education program may practice with the title "Respiratory Therapist, License Applicant" or "RT-Applicant" until he has received a failing score on any examination required by the Board for licensure or six months from the date of graduation, whichever occurs sooner. Any person practicing pursuant to this subsection as shall be identified with the title "Respiratory Therapist, License Applicant" or "RT-Applicant" on any identification issued by an employer and in conjunction with any signature in the course of his practice.
1985, c. 347, § 54-281.11; 1988, c. 765; 1990, c. 920; 1998, c. 557; 2015, c. 302; 2022, c. 764.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 54.1 - Professions and Occupations › Chapter 29 - Medicine and Other Healing Arts › § 54.1-2956. Advisory Board on Respiratory Care; appointment; terms; duties; etc.

A. The Advisory Board on Respiratory Care shall assist the Board in carrying out the provisions of this chapter regarding the qualifications, examination, and regulation of licensed respiratory therapists.
The Advisory Board shall consist of five members appointed by the Governor as follows: three members shall be at the time of appointment respiratory therapists who have practiced for not less than three years, one member shall be a physician licensed to practice medicine in the Commonwealth, and one member shall be appointed by the Governor from the Commonwealth at large. Beginning July 1, 2011, the Governor's appointments shall be staggered as follows: two members for a term of one year, one member for a term of two years, and two members for a term of three years. Thereafter, appointments shall be for four-year terms.
Vacancies occurring other than by expiration of term shall be filled for the unexpired term. No person shall be eligible to serve on the Advisory Board for more than two consecutive terms.
B. The Advisory Board shall, under the authority of the Board, recommend to the Board for its enactment into regulation the criteria for licensure as a respiratory therapist and the standards of professional conduct for holders of licenses.
The Advisory Board shall also assist in such other matters dealing with respiratory care as the Board may in its discretion direct.
1985, c. 347, §§ 54-281.12, 54-281.13; 1988, c. 765; 1990, c. 920; 1998, c. 557; 2011, cc. 691, 714; 2015, c. 302.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 54.1 - Professions and Occupations › Chapter 29 - Medicine and Other Healing Arts › § 54.1-2956.01. Exceptions to respiratory therapist's licensure

The licensure requirements for respiratory therapists provided in this chapter shall not prohibit the practice of respiratory care as an integral part of a program of study by students enrolled in an accredited respiratory care education program approved by the Board. Any student enrolled in accredited respiratory care education programs shall be identified as "Student RT" and shall only deliver respiratory care under the direct supervision of an appropriate clinical instructor recognized by the education program.
1998, c. 557; 2015, c. 302.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 54.1 - Professions and Occupations › Chapter 29 - Medicine and Other Healing Arts › § 54.1-2956.1. Powers of Board concerning occupational therapy

The Board shall take such actions as may be necessary to ensure the competence and integrity of any person who practices occupational therapy or claims to be an occupational therapist or occupational therapy assistant or who holds himself out to the public as an occupational therapist or occupational therapy assistant or who engages in the practice of occupational therapy, and to that end it may license practitioners as occupational therapists or occupational therapy assistants who have met the qualifications established in regulation by the Board.
The Board shall consider and may accept relevant practical experience and didactic and clinical components of education and training completed by an applicant for licensure as an occupational therapist during his service as a member of any branch of the armed forces of the United States as evidence of the satisfaction of the educational requirements for licensure as an occupational therapist.
1989, c. 306; 1998, c. 593; 2000, c. 782; 2004, c. 61; 2008, cc. 64, 89; 2011, c. 390.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 54.1 - Professions and Occupations › Chapter 29 - Medicine and Other Healing Arts › § 54.1-2956.3. Advisory Board of Occupational Therapy; composition; appointment

The Advisory Board shall be comprised of five members appointed by the Governor for four-year terms. Three members shall be, at the time of appointment, licensed occupational therapists who have practiced for not less than three years, one member shall be a physician licensed to practice medicine in the Commonwealth, and one member shall be appointed by the Governor from the Commonwealth at large. Any vacancy occurring during a member's term shall be filled for the unexpired balance of that term.
1989, c. 306; 2004, c. 61.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 54.1 - Professions and Occupations › Chapter 29 - Medicine and Other Healing Arts › § 54.1-2956.4. Advisory Board of Occupational Therapy; powers

The Advisory Board shall, under the authority of the Board:
1. Recommend to the Board, for its promulgation into regulation, the criteria for licensure as an occupational therapist or an occupational therapy assistant and the standards of professional conduct for holders of licenses.
2. Assess the qualifications of applicants for licensure and recommend licensure when applicants meet the required criteria. The recommendations of the Advisory Board on licensure of applicants shall be presented to the Board, which shall then issue or deny licenses. Any applicant who is aggrieved by a denial of recommendation on licensure of the Advisory Board may appeal to the Board.
3. Receive investigative reports of professional misconduct and unlawful acts and recommend sanctions when appropriate. Any recommendation of sanctions shall be presented to the Board, which may then impose sanctions or take such other action as may be warranted by law.
4. Assist in such other matters dealing with occupational therapy as the Board may in its discretion direct.
1989, c. 306; 1998, c. 593; 2004, c. 61; 2008, cc. 64, 89.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 54.1 - Professions and Occupations › Chapter 29 - Medicine and Other Healing Arts › § 54.1-2956.5. Unlawful to practice occupational therapy without license

A. It shall be unlawful for any person not holding a current and valid license from the Board to practice occupational therapy or to claim to be an occupational therapist or to assume the title "Occupational Therapist," "Occupational Therapist, Licensed," "Licensed Occupational Therapist," or any similar term, or to use the designations "O.T." or "O.T.L." or any variation thereof. However, a person who has graduated from a duly accredited educational program in occupational therapy may practice with the title "Occupational Therapist, License Applicant" or "O.T.L.-Applicant" until he has received a failing score on any examination required by the Board or until six months from the date of graduation, whichever occurs sooner.
B. It shall be unlawful for any person to practice as an occupational therapy assistant as defined in § 54.1-2900 or to hold himself out to be or advertise that he is an occupational therapy assistant or use the designation "O.T.A." or any variation thereof unless such person holds a current and valid license from the Board to practice as an occupational therapy assistant. However, a person who has graduated from a duly accredited occupational therapy assistant education program may practice with the title "Occupational Therapy Assistant, License Applicant" or "O.T.A.-Applicant" until he has received a failing score on any examination required by the Board or until six months from the date of graduation, whichever occurs sooner.
1989, c. 306; 1998, c. 593; 2000, c. 782; 2004, c. 61; 2008, cc. 64, 89; 2014, c. 252.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 54.1 - Professions and Occupations › Chapter 29 - Medicine and Other Healing Arts › § 54.1-2956.8. Advisory Board on Radiological Technology; appointments; terms; etc.

The Advisory Board on Radiological Technology shall assist the Board in carrying out the provisions of this chapter regarding the qualifications, examination, registration and regulation of certified radiological technology practitioners.
The Advisory Board shall consist of five members to be appointed by the Governor as follows: three members shall be licensed radiological technology practitioners who have been practicing in the Commonwealth for not less than three years prior to their appointments, one member shall be a board-certified radiologist licensed in the Commonwealth, and one member shall be a citizen member appointed from the Commonwealth at large. Beginning July 1, 2011, the Governor's appointments shall be staggered as follows: two members for a term of one year, one member for a term of two years, and two members for a term of three years. Thereafter, appointments shall be for four-year terms.
Vacancies occurring other than by expiration of term shall be filled for the unexpired term. No person shall be eligible to serve on the Advisory Board for more than two consecutive terms.
1990, c. 966; 2002, c. 698; 2011, cc. 691, 714.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 54.1 - Professions and Occupations › Chapter 29 - Medicine and Other Healing Arts › § 54.1-2956.8:1. Unlawful to practice radiologic technology without license; unlawful designation as a radiologist assistant, radiologic technologist, or radiologic technologist, limited; Board to regulate radiologist assistants and radiologic technologists

Except as set forth herein, it shall be unlawful for a person to practice or hold himself out as practicing as a radiologist assistant, radiologic technologist, or radiologic technologist, limited, unless he holds a license as such issued by the Board.
In addition, it shall be unlawful for any person who is not licensed under this chapter whose licensure has been suspended or revoked, or whose licensure has lapsed and has not been renewed to use in conjunction with his name the words "licensed radiologist assistant," "licensed radiologic technologist" or "licensed radiologic technologist, limited" or to otherwise by letters, words, representations, or insignias assert or imply that he is licensed to practice radiologic technology.
The Board shall prescribe by regulation the qualifications governing the licensure of radiologist assistants, radiologic technologists, and radiologic technologists, limited. The regulations may include requirements for approved education programs, experience, examinations, and periodic review for continued competency.
The provisions of this section shall not apply to any employee of a hospital licensed pursuant to Article 1 (§ 32.1-123 et seq.) of Chapter 5 of Title 32.1 acting within the scope of his employment or engagement as a radiologic technologist.
1994, c. 803; 2009, cc. 83, 507.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 54.1 - Professions and Occupations › Chapter 29 - Medicine and Other Healing Arts › § 54.1-2956.8:2. Requisite training and educational achievements of radiologist assistants, radiologic technologists, and radiologic technologists, limited

The Board shall establish a testing program to determine the training and educational achievements of radiologist assistants, radiologic technologists, or radiologic technologists, limited. The Board may accept other evidence such as successful completion of a national certification examination, experience, or completion of an approved training program in lieu of testing and shall establish this as a prerequisite for approval of the licensee's application. The Board shall consider and may accept relevant practical experience and didactic and clinical components of education and training completed by an applicant for licensure as a radiologist assistant, radiologic technologist, or radiologic technologist, limited, during his service as a member of any branch of the armed forces of the United States as evidence of the satisfaction of the educational requirements for licensure.
1994, c. 803; 2009, cc. 83, 507; 2011, c. 390.
2023 Code of Virginia › Title 54.1 - Professions and Occupations › Chapter 29 - Medicine and Other Healing Arts › § 54.1-2956.9. Unlawful to practice acupuncture without license; unlawful designation as acupuncturist; Board to regulate acupuncturists

It shall be unlawful for a person to practice or to hold himself out as practicing as an acupuncturist unless he holds a license as such issued by the Board. A person licensed to practice acupuncture, when using the title "acupuncturist," shall include therewith the designation Lic.Ac. or L.Ac.
In addition, it shall be unlawful for any person who is not licensed under this chapter, whose licensure has been suspended or revoked, or whose licensure has lapsed and has not been renewed to use in conjunction with his name the words "licensed acupuncturist" or to otherwise by letters, words, representations, or insignias assert or imply that he is licensed to practice acupuncture.
The Board of Medicine shall prescribe by regulation the qualifications governing the licensure of acupuncturists. Such regulations shall not restrict the practice of this profession to practitioners regulated by the Board on June 30, 1992, to practice the healing arts. The regulations shall at a minimum require that, prior to performing acupuncture, any acupuncturist who is not licensed to practice medicine, osteopathy, chiropractic or podiatry shall either (i) obtain written documentation that the patient had received a diagnostic examination from a licensed practitioner of medicine, osteopathy, chiropractic or podiatry with regard to the ailment or condition to be treated or (ii) provide to the patient a written recommendation for such a diagnostic examination. The regulations may include requirements for approved education programs, experience, and examinations. The regulations shall exempt from the requirement for Test of Spoken English (TSE) or the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) any foreign speaking acupuncturist who speaks the language of the majority of his clients.
1991, c. 643; 1993, c. 753; 1996, c. 470; 1999, c. 779; 2000, c. 814.