2023 West Virginia Code › Chapter 49. Child Welfare › Article 4. Court Actions › §49-4-712. Intervention and Services by the Department Pursuant to Initial Disposition for Status Offenders or Juvenile Found Incompetent to Stand Trial; Enforcement; Further Disposition; Detention; Out-of-Home Placement; Department Custody; Least Restrictive Alternative; Appeal; Prohibiting Placement of Status Offenders or a Juvenile Found Incompetent to Stand Trial in a Bureau of Juvenile Services Facility

(a) Services provided by the department to juveniles adjudicated as status offenders shall be consistent with 49-2-1001
et seq
. of this code. Services provided by the department for juveniles adjudicated as status offenders pursuant to 49-4-711 of this code and juveniles found to be incompetent to proceed and in need of services pursuant to 49-4-734(b)(2) of this code shall be designed to develop skills and supports within families and to resolve problems related to the juveniles or conflicts within their families. Services may include, but are not limited to, referral of juveniles and parents, guardians, or custodians and other family members to services for psychiatric or other medical care, or psychological, welfare, legal, educational, or other social services, as appropriate to the needs of the juvenile and his or her family.
(b) If the juvenile, or his or her parent, guardian, or custodian, fails to comply with the services provided in subsection (a) of this section, the department may petition the circuit court:
(1) For a valid court order, as defined in 49-1-207 of this code, to enforce compliance with a service plan or to restrain actions that interfere with or defeat a service plan; or
(2) For a valid court order to place a juvenile out of home in a nonsecure or staff-secure setting, and/or to place a juvenile in custody of the department:
Provided
, That a juvenile adjudicated as a status offender may not be placed in an out-of-home placement, excluding placements made for abuse and neglect, if that juvenile has had no prior adjudications for a status or delinquency offense, or no prior disposition to a pre-adjudicatory improvement period or probation for the current matter:
Provided
,
however
, That if the court finds by clear and convincing evidence the existence of a significant and likely risk of harm to the juvenile, a family member, or the public and continued placement in the home is contrary to the best interests of the juvenile, the juvenile may be ordered to an out-of-home placement:
Provided
further
, That the court finds the department has made all reasonable efforts to prevent removal of the juvenile from his or her home, or that such reasonable efforts are not required due to an emergent situation.
(c) In ordering any further disposition under this section, the court is not limited to the relief sought in the departments petition and shall make reasonable efforts to prevent removal of the juvenile from his or her home or, as an alternative, to place the juvenile in a community-based facility which is the least restrictive alternative appropriate to the needs of the juvenile and the community. The disposition may include reasonable and relevant orders to the parents, guardians, or custodians of the juvenile that are necessary and proper to effectuate the disposition.
(d) (1) If the court finds that placement in a residential facility is necessary to provide the services under subsection (a) of this section, except as prohibited by subdivision (2), subsection (b) of this section, the court shall make findings of fact as to the necessity of this placement, stated on the record or reduced to writing and filed with the record or incorporated into the order of the court.
(2) The findings of fact shall include the factors that indicate:
(A) The likely effectiveness of placement in a residential facility for the juvenile; and
(B) The community services which were previously attempted.
(e) The disposition of the juvenile may not be affected by the fact that the juvenile demanded a trial by jury or made a plea of not guilty. Any order providing disposition other than mandatory referral to the department for services is subject to appeal to the Supreme Court of Appeals.
(f) Following any further disposition by the court, the court shall inquire of the juvenile whether or not appeal is desired and the response shall be transcribed; a negative response may not be construed as a waiver. The evidence shall be transcribed as soon as practicable and made available to the juvenile or his or her counsel if it is requested for purposes of further proceedings. A judge may grant a stay of execution pending further proceedings.
(g) A juvenile adjudicated solely as a status offender or a juvenile found to be incompetent to proceed may not be placed in a Bureau of Juvenile Services facility.