reglab/statecodes huggingface dataset:
2023 District of Columbia Code › Title 11 - Organization and Jurisdiction of the Courts. [Enacted title] › Chapter 17 - Administration of District of Columbia Courts › Subchapter II - Court Personnel › § 11–1725. Appointment of nonjudicial personnel

§ 11–1725. Appointment of nonjudicial personnel.
(a) Subject to the approval of the Joint Committee, the Executive Officer shall appoint, and may remove, the Fiscal Officer, and such other personnel whose principal function is to perform duties for both District of Columbia courts.
(b) The Executive Officer shall appoint, and may remove, the Director of Social Services, the clerks of the courts, the Auditor-Master, and all other nonjudicial personnel for the courts (other than the Register of Wills and personal law clerks and secretaries of the judges) as may be necessary, subject to —
(1) regulations approved by the Joint Committee; and
(2) the approval of the chief judge of the court to which the personnel are or will be assigned.
Appointments and removals of court personnel shall not be subject to the laws, rules, and limitations applicable to District of Columbia employees.
(July 29, 1970, 84 Stat. 511, Pub. L. 91-358, title I, § 111; Aug. 5, 1997, 111 Stat. 752, Pub. L. 105-33, § 11242(c).)
Prior Codifications
1981 Ed., § 11-1725.
1973 Ed., § 11-1725.
2023 District of Columbia Code › Title 11 - Organization and Jurisdiction of the Courts. [Enacted title] › Chapter 17 - Administration of District of Columbia Courts › Subchapter II - Court Personnel › § 11–1727. Court reporters

§ 11–1727. Court reporters.
(a) The Executive Officer shall appoint reporters who shall be full-time employees of the courts. When necessary, the Executive Officer may contract for additional temporary reporting services. Nothing in this section shall be construed to preclude the Superior Court of the District of Columbia from providing by rule for the sound recording of proceedings in lieu of mechanical (audio or manual) transcription in any branch, division or courtroom of the court. Court reporters, shall, in addition to being subject to the general supervision of the Executive Officer, be subject to the supervision of the chief judges of the courts and of the other District of Columbia judges for whom they perform services, regarding the performance of their duties in the respective courts.
(b) In addition to their annual salaries, court reporters may charge and collect from parties, including the United States and the District of Columbia, who request transcripts of the original records of proceedings, only such fees as may be prescribed from time to time by the Executive Officer. The reporters shall furnish all supplies at their own expense. The Executive Officer shall prescribe such rules, practice, and procedure pertaining to fees for transcripts as the Executive Officer deems necessary, conforming as nearly as practicable to the rules, practice, and procedure established for the United States District Court for the District of Columbia. A fee may not be charged or taxed for a copy of a transcript delivered to a judge at the judge’s request or for copies of a transcript delivered to the clerk of a court for the records of the court. Except as to transcripts that are to be paid for by the United States or the District of Columbia, the reporters may require a party requesting a transcript to prepay the estimated fee therefor in advance of delivery of the transcript.
(July 29, 1970, 84 Stat. 512, Pub. L. 91-358, title I, § 111; June 13, 1994, Pub. L. 103-266, § 1(b)(88), 108 Stat. 713.)
Prior Codifications
1981 Ed., § 11-1727.
1973 Ed., § 11-1727.
2023 District of Columbia Code › Title 11 - Organization and Jurisdiction of the Courts. [Enacted title] › Chapter 17 - Administration of District of Columbia Courts › Subchapter II - Court Personnel › § 11–1728. Recruitment and training of personnel and travel

§ 11–1728. Recruitment and training of personnel and travel.
(a) The Executive Officer shall be responsible for recruiting such qualified personnel as may be necessary for the District of Columbia Courts and for providing in-service training for court personnel.
(b) Travel under Federal supply schedules is authorized for the travel of court personnel on official business. The joint committee shall prescribe such requirements, conditions and restrictions for such travel as it considers appropriate, and shall include policies and procedures for preventing abuses of that travel authority.
(July 29, 1970, 84 Stat. 512, Pub. L. 91-358, title I, § 111; Oct. 18, 2004, 118 Stat. 1345, Pub. L. 108-335, § 330.)
Prior Codifications
1981 Ed., § 11-1728.
1973 Ed., § 11-1728.
Effect of Amendments
Pub. L. 108-335 rewrote the section which had read as follows: “§ 11-1728. Recruitment and training of personnel. “The Executive Officer shall be responsible for recruiting such qualified personnel as may be necessary for the District of Columbia courts and for providing in-service training for court personnel.”
2023 District of Columbia Code › Title 11 - Organization and Jurisdiction of the Courts. [Enacted title] › Chapter 17 - Administration of District of Columbia Courts › Subchapter II - Court Personnel › § 11–1729. Service of United States marshal

§ 11–1729. Service of United States marshal.
The United States Marshal for the District of Columbia shall continue to serve the courts of the District of Columbia, subject to the supervision of the Attorney General of the United States.
(July 29, 1970, 84 Stat. 512, Pub. L. 91-358, title I, § 111.)
Prior Codifications
1981 Ed., § 11-1729.
1973 Ed., § 11-1729.
2023 District of Columbia Code › Title 11 - Organization and Jurisdiction of the Courts. [Enacted title] › Chapter 17 - Administration of District of Columbia Courts › Subchapter II - Court Personnel › § 11–1730. Reports of court personnel

§ 11–1730. Reports of court personnel.
(a) Judges of the courts shall furnish time and attendance records pursuant to sections 11-709 and 11-909 to the respective chief judges, with a copy to the Executive Officer.
(b) All nonjudicial personnel of the courts shall furnish such reports and information to the Executive Officer as the Executive Officer shall request.
(July 29, 1970, 84 Stat. 512, Pub. L. 91-358, title I, § 111; June 13, 1994, Pub. L. 103-266, § 1(b)(89), 108 Stat. 713.)
Prior Codifications
1981 Ed., § 11-1730.
1973 Ed., § 11-1730.
2023 District of Columbia Code › Title 11 - Organization and Jurisdiction of the Courts. [Enacted title] › Chapter 17 - Administration of District of Columbia Courts › Subchapter III - Duties and Responsibilities › § 11–1741. Court operations and organization

§ 11–1741. Court operations and organization.
Within the respective District of Columbia courts, and subject to the supervision of the chief judges thereof, the Executive Officer shall —
(1) supervise, analyze, and improve case assignments, calendars, and dockets;
(2) provide improved services and introduce new methods to better utilize the time of and accommodate government and other witnesses;
(3) supervise, analyze, and improve the management of jurors;
(4) recommend changes and improvements in court rules and procedures affecting the Executive Officer’s administrative responsibilities;
(5) report periodically to the appropriate chief judge with respect to case volumes, backlogs, length of time cases have been pending, number and identity of incarcerated defendants awaiting trial, and such other information as the respective chief judges may request;
(6) mechanize and computerize court operations and services where feasible and desirable and carry on continuing studies and evaluations of increased and innovative uses of mechanization and computerization;
(7) conduct studies and research with respect to court operations on the Executive Officer’s own initiative or on request of the respective chief judges;
(8) make recommendations to the chief judge of the Superior Court relating to the arrangement and division of the business of that court and the fixing of the time of sessions of the various divisions and branches of that court; and
(9) perform such other duties as may be assigned to the Executive Officer by a chief judge.
(July 29, 1970, 84 Stat. 513, Pub. L. 91-358, title I, § 111; June 13, 1994, Pub. L. 103-266, §§ 1(b)(90), (91), 108 Stat. 713.)
Prior Codifications
1981 Ed., § 11-1741.
1973 Ed., § 11-1741.
2023 District of Columbia Code › Title 11 - Organization and Jurisdiction of the Courts. [Enacted title] › Chapter 17 - Administration of District of Columbia Courts › Subchapter III - Duties and Responsibilities › § 11–1742. Property and disbursement

§ 11–1742. Property and disbursement.
(a) The Executive Officer shall be responsible, subject to the supervision of the Joint Committee, for the management of such buildings and space as may be assigned to the courts and shall maintain liaison with the appropriate Federal and District of Columbia officials with respect thereto.
(b) The Executive Officer shall be responsible for the procurement of necessary equipment, supplies, and services for the courts and shall have power, subject to applicable law, to reimburse the District of Columbia government for services provided and to contract for such equipment, supplies, and services as may be necessary. In carrying out the authority under the preceding sentence, the Executive Officer may purchase uniforms to be worn by nonjudicial employees of the District of Columbia Courts whose responsibilities warrant the wearing of uniforms if the cost of furnishing a uniform to an employee during a year does not exceed the amount applicable for the year under section 5901(a)(1) of title 5, United States Code (relating to the uniform allowance for employees of the Government of the United States).
(c) The Executive Officer shall serve as disbursing officer and payroll officer of the District of Columbia courts and shall assign and distribute necessary equipment and supplies.
(d) To prevent duplication and to promote efficiency and economy, the Executive Officer may enter into agreements to provide the Mayor of the District of Columbia with equipment, supplies, and services and credit reimbursements received from the Mayor for such equipment, supplies, and services to the appropriation of the District of Columbia Courts against which they were charged.
(July 29, 1970, 84 Stat. 513, Pub. L. 91-358, title I, § 111; Dec. 7, 1970, 84 Stat. 1390, Pub. L. 91-530, § 2(a)(7); Aug. 5, 1997, 111 Stat. 752, Pub. L. 105-33, § 11242(d); Dec. 12, 2012, 126 Stat. 1611, Pub. L. 112-229, § 2(c)(1); Jan. 28, 2016, 130 Stat. 9, Pub. L. 114-118, § 2(b).)
Prior Codifications
1981 Ed., § 11-1742.
1973 Ed., § 11-1742.
Effect of Amendments
The 2012 amendment by Pub. L. 112-229 added (d).
The 2016 amendment by Pub. L. 114-118 added the last sentence in (b).
Editor's Notes
Section 2(c)(2) of Pub. L. 112-229 provided that the amendment made by Pub. L. 112-229, § 2(c)(1).shall apply with respect to fiscal year 2010 and each succeeding fiscal year.
2023 District of Columbia Code › Title 11 - Organization and Jurisdiction of the Courts. [Enacted title] › Chapter 17 - Administration of District of Columbia Courts › Subchapter III - Duties and Responsibilities › § 11–1743. Annual budget and expenditures

§ 11–1743. Annual budget and expenditures.
(a) The Joint Committee shall prepare and submit to the Mayor and the Council of the District of Columbia annual estimates of the expenditures and appropriations necessary for the maintenance and operations of the District of Columbia courts, and shall submit such estimates to Congress and the Director of the Office of Management and Budget after submitting them to the Mayor and the Council. All such estimates shall be included in the budget without revision by the President but subject to the President’s recommendations.
(b) The District of Columbia Courts may make such expenditures as may be necessary to execute efficiently the functions vested in the Courts.
(c) All expenditures of the Courts shall be allowed and paid upon presentation of itemized vouchers signed by the certifying officer designated by the Joint Committee. All such expenditures shall be paid out of moneys appropriated for purposes of the Courts.
(July 29, 1970, 84 Stat. 514, Pub. L. 91-358, title I, § 111; June 13, 1994, Pub. L. 103-266, § 1(b)(92), 108 Stat. 713; Aug. 5, 1997, 111 Stat. 752, Pub. L. 105-33, § 11242(e)(1).)
Prior Codifications
1981 Ed., § 11-1743.
1973 Ed., § 11-1743.
Cross References
District Charter provisions relating to budget of District of Columbia courts, see § 1-204.45.
Representation of indigents in criminal cases, preparation and submission of budget for furnishing, see § 11-2607.
Editor's Notes
Authorization of Appropriations: For provisions regarding authorization of appropriations for District of Columbia Courts, see § 11241 of title XI of Pub. L. 105-33, 111 Stat. 751, the National Capital Revitalization and Self-Government Improvement Act of 1997.
Section 6(b)(1) and (c)(1) of Pub. L. 105-274, 112 Stat. 2425, amended § 11241 of title XI of Pub. L. 105-33, 111 Stat. 751, the National Capital Revitalization and Self-Government Improvement Act of 1997.
Change in Government
This section originated at a time when local government powers were delegated to the District of Columbia Council and to a Commissioner of the District of Columbia. The District of Columbia Self-Government and Governmental Reorganization Act, 87 Stat. 818, § 711 ( D.C. Code, § 1-207.11), abolished the District of Columbia Council and the Office of Commissioner of the District of Columbia. These branches of government were replaced by the Council of the District of Columbia and the Office of Mayor of the District of Columbia, respectively. Accordingly, and also pursuant to § 714(a) of such Act ( D.C. Code, § 1-207.14(a)), appropriate changes in terminology were made, in brackets, in this section.
2023 District of Columbia Code › Title 11 - Organization and Jurisdiction of the Courts. [Enacted title] › Chapter 17 - Administration of District of Columbia Courts › Subchapter III - Duties and Responsibilities › § 11–1744. Information and liaison services

§ 11–1744. Information and liaison services.
The Executive Officer shall be responsible for —
(1) collecting and compiling statistical information with respect to the volume and disposition of the work of the courts and the personnel of the courts;
(2) printing and the distribution of court rules;
(3) keeping the courts advised of pending legislative and executive actions relating to the courts;
(4) serving as the public information officer of the courts; and
(5) performing such other duties as may be assigned to the Executive Officer by the Joint Committee and the chief judges in their respective courts.
(July 29, 1970, 84 Stat. 514, Pub. L. 91-358, title I, § 111; June 13, 1994, Pub. L. 103-266, § 1(b)(93), 108 Stat. 713.)
Prior Codifications
1981 Ed., § 11-1744.
1973 Ed., § 11-1744.
2023 District of Columbia Code › Title 11 - Organization and Jurisdiction of the Courts. [Enacted title] › Chapter 17 - Administration of District of Columbia Courts › Subchapter III - Duties and Responsibilities › § 11–1745. Reports and records

§ 11–1745. Reports and records.
(a) The Executive Officer shall prepare and publish, subject to the approval of the Joint Committee, the annual report of the District of Columbia court system of the work of the courts and their operations during the preceding year together with any recommendations relating to the courts. The principal purpose of the annual report shall be to provide meaningful and objective information concerning the performance, progress, and problems of the District of Columbia courts. The report shall include narrative comments analyzing the significance of statistical data and shall show trends with regard to the work of such courts, current data on the age and type of pending cases, and methods of disposition of cases. Nothing in this chapter shall prevent the respective chief judges from preparing and publishing any other reports as they may wish.
(b) The Executive Officer shall be responsible for maintaining and safeguarding the records of the courts. Except for those records required by law to be kept under court seal, the Executive Officer shall make the records available at all reasonable times to —
(1) the United States Department of Justice,
(2) the Mayor of the District of Columbia,
(3) the District of Columbia Commission on Judicial Disabilities and Tenure, and
(4) such other agencies as the Joint Committee may specify.
(July 29, 1970, 84 Stat. 514, Pub. L. 91-358, title I, § 111; June 13, 1994, Pub. L. 103-266, § 1(b)(94), 108 Stat. 713.)
Prior Codifications
1981 Ed., § 11-1745.
1973 Ed., § 11-1745.
2023 District of Columbia Code › Title 11 - Organization and Jurisdiction of the Courts. [Enacted title] › Chapter 17 - Administration of District of Columbia Courts › Subchapter III - Duties and Responsibilities › § 11–1746. Certification of copies of papers or documents filed in District of Columbia courts

§ 11–1746. Certification of copies of papers or documents filed in District of Columbia courts.
The Executive Officer shall provide that, if any person filing any paper or document in a District of Columbia court requests a certification of such filing, a copy of such paper or document provided by such person shall be appropriately marked for such person to show the time and date of such filing and the identity of the individual with whom such paper or document was filed. Such certified copy shall be prima facie evidence in any proceeding that the original of such paper or document was filed as shown by the certification.
(July 29, 1970, 84 Stat. 515, Pub. L. 91-358, title I, § 111.)
Prior Codifications
1981 Ed., § 11-1746.
1973 Ed., § 11-1746.
2023 District of Columbia Code › Title 11 - Organization and Jurisdiction of the Courts. [Enacted title] › Chapter 17 - Administration of District of Columbia Courts › Subchapter III - Duties and Responsibilities › § 11–1747. Delegation of authority

§ 11–1747. Delegation of authority.
The Executive Officer and court officers appointed by the Executive Officer may delegate to their subordinates authority and responsibility to perform the functions vested in them by law.
(July 29, 1970, 84 Stat. 515, Pub. L. 91-358, title I, § 111; June 13, 1994, Pub. L. 103-266, § 1(b)(95), 108 Stat. 713.)
Prior Codifications
1981 Ed., § 11-1747.
1973 Ed., § 11-1747.
Editor's Notes
Revision of chapter: Pub. L. 99-650 revised this chapter effective 180 days from November 14, 1986. The revision retained subject matter, with amendments, set out in former §§ 11-1901, 11-1903, 11-1905 and 11-1906 in present §§ 11-1906, 11-1911, 11-1912, and 11-1916. No detailed explanation of the change made by the 1986 Act has been attempted, but, where appropriate, historical citations to the former sections have been added to corresponding sections in the revised chapter.
2023 District of Columbia Code › Title 11 - Organization and Jurisdiction of the Courts. [Enacted title] › Chapter 19 - Juries and Jurors › § 11–1901. Declaration of policy

§ 11–1901. Declaration of policy.
A jury selection system is hereby established for the Superior Court of the District of Columbia. All litigants entitled to trial by jury shall have the right to grand and petit juries selected at random from a fair cross section of the residents of the District of Columbia. In accordance with the provisions of this chapter, all qualified individuals shall have the opportunity to be considered for service on grand and petit juries in the District of Columbia and shall be obligated to serve as jurors when summoned for that purpose.
(Nov. 14, 1986, 100 Stat. 3635, Pub. L. 99-650, § 2.)
Prior Codifications
1981 Ed., § 11-1901.
Section References
This section is referenced in § 11-1908.
Short Title
Short title: Section 1 of Public Law 99-650 provided: “This Act may be cited as the ‘District of Columbia Jury System Act’.”
Editor's Notes
Board of Judges to have authority to promulgate and adopt plan: See § 4(b) of P.L. 99-650.
2023 District of Columbia Code › Title 11 - Organization and Jurisdiction of the Courts. [Enacted title] › Chapter 19 - Juries and Jurors › § 11–1902. Definitions

§ 11–1902. Definitions.
For purposes of this chapter, the following terms have the following meanings:
(1) The term “Board of Judges” means the chief judge and the associate judges of the Superior Court of the District of Columbia.
(2) The term “chief judge” means the chief judge of the Superior Court of the District of Columbia.
(3) The term “clerk” means the clerk of the Superior Court of the District of Columbia or any deputy clerk.
(4) The term “Court” means the Superior Court of the District of Columbia and may include any judge of the Court acting in an official capacity.
(5) The term “juror” means (A) any individual summoned to Superior Court for the purpose of serving on a jury; (B) any individual who is on call and available to report to Court to serve on a jury upon request; and (C) any individual whose service on a jury is temporarily deferred.
(6) The term “jury” includes a grand or petit jury.
(7) The term “jury system plan” means the plan adopted by the Board of Judges of the Court, consistent with the provisions of this chapter, to govern the administration of the jury system.
(8) The term “master juror list” means the consolidated list or lists compiled and maintained by the Board of Judges of the District of Columbia Courts which contains the names of prospective jurors for service in the Superior Court of the District of Columbia.
(9) The term “random selection” means the selection of names of prospective jurors in a manner immune from the purposeful or inadvertent introduction of subjective bias, so that no recognizable class of the individuals on the list or lists from which the names are being selected can be purposefully or inadvertently included or excluded.
(10) The term “resident of the District of Columbia” means an individual who has resided or has been domiciled in the District of Columbia for not less than six months.
(Nov. 14, 1986, 100 Stat. 3635, Pub. L. 99-650, § 2.)
Prior Codifications
1981 Ed., § 11-1902.
Short Title
Short title: See Historical and Statutory Notes following § 11-1901.
2023 District of Columbia Code › Title 11 - Organization and Jurisdiction of the Courts. [Enacted title] › Chapter 19 - Juries and Jurors › § 11–1903. Prohibition of discrimination

§ 11–1903. Prohibition of discrimination.
A citizen of the District of Columbia may not be excluded or disqualified from jury service as a grand or petit juror in the District of Columbia on account of race, color, religion, sex, national origin, ancestry, economic status, marital status, age, or (except as provided in this chapter) physical handicap.
(Nov. 14, 1986, 100 Stat. 3635, Pub. L. 99-650, § 2.)
Prior Codifications
1981 Ed., § 11-1903.
Section References
This section is referenced in § 11-1908.
Short Title
Short title: See Historical and Statutory Notes following § 11-1901.
2023 District of Columbia Code › Title 11 - Organization and Jurisdiction of the Courts. [Enacted title] › Chapter 19 - Juries and Jurors › § 11–1904. Jury system plan

§ 11–1904. Jury system plan.
(a) The Board of Judges shall adopt, implement, and as necessary modify, a written jury system plan for the random selection and service of grand and petit jurors in the Superior Court consistent with the provisions of this chapter. The adopted plan and any modifications shall be subject to a 30-day period of review by Congress in the manner provided for an act of the Council under section 602(c)(1) of the District of Columbia Home Rule Act. The plan shall include —
(1) detailed procedures to be followed by the clerk of the Court in the random selection of names from the master juror list;
(2) provisions for a master jury wheel (or other device of like purpose and function) which shall be emptied and refilled at specified intervals, not to exceed 24 months;
(3) provisions for the disclosure to the parties and the public of the names of individuals selected for jury service, except in cases in which the chief judge determines that confidentiality is required in the interest of justice; and
(4) procedures to be followed by the clerk of the Court in assigning individuals to grand and petit juries.
(b) The jury system plan shall be administered by the clerk of the Court under the supervision of the Board of Judges.
(Nov. 14, 1986, 100 Stat. 3635, Pub. L. 99-650, § 2.)
Prior Codifications
1981 Ed., § 11-1904.
Short Title
Short title: See Historical and Statutory Notes following § 11-1901.
References in Text
Section 602(c)(1) of the District of Columbia Self-Government and Governmental Reorganization Act, referred to in subsection (a), is codified as § 1-206.02.
2023 District of Columbia Code › Title 11 - Organization and Jurisdiction of the Courts. [Enacted title] › Chapter 19 - Juries and Jurors › § 11–1905. Master juror list

§ 11–1905. Master juror list.
(a) The jury system plan shall provide for the compilation and maintenance by the Board of Judges of a master juror list from which names of prospective jurors shall be drawn. Such master juror list shall consist of the list of District of Columbia voters, and names from such other appropriate sources and lists as may be provided in the jury system plan.
(b) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, upon request of the Board of Judges any person having custody, possession, or control of any list required under subsection (a) shall provide such list to the Court, at cost, at all reasonable times. Each list shall contain the names and addresses of individuals on the list. Any list obtained by the Court under the provisions of this chapter may be used by the Court only for the selection of jurors pursuant to this chapter.
(Nov. 14, 1986, 100 Stat. 3635, Pub. L. 99-650, § 2.)
Prior Codifications
1981 Ed., § 11-1905.
Section References
This section is referenced in § 16-5104, § 47-1805.04, and § 47-4406.
Short Title
Short title: See Historical and Statutory Notes following § 11-1901.
2023 District of Columbia Code › Title 11 - Organization and Jurisdiction of the Courts. [Enacted title] › Chapter 19 - Juries and Jurors › § 11–1907. Summoning of prospective jurors

§ 11–1907. Summoning of prospective jurors.
(a) At such times as are determined under the jury system plan, the Court shall summon or cause to be summoned from among qualified individuals under section 11-1906 sufficient prospective jurors to fulfill requirements for petit and grand jurors for the Court. A summons shall require a prospective juror to report for possible jury service at a specified time and place unless advised otherwise by the Court. Service of prospective jurors may be made personally or by first-class, registered, or certified mail as determined under the plan.
(b) A prospective juror who fails to appear for jury duty may be ordered by the Court to appear and show cause why he or she should not be held in contempt for such failure to appear. A prospective juror who fails to show good cause for such failure, or who without good cause fails to appear pursuant to a Court order, may be punished by a fine of not more than $300, by imprisonment for not more than seven days, or both.
(Nov. 14, 1986, 100 Stat. 3635, Pub. L. 99-650, § 2.)
Prior Codifications
1981 Ed., § 11-1907.
Short Title
Short title: See Historical and Statutory Notes following § 11-1901.
2023 District of Columbia Code › Title 11 - Organization and Jurisdiction of the Courts. [Enacted title] › Chapter 19 - Juries and Jurors › § 11–1908. Exclusion from jury service

§ 11–1908. Exclusion from jury service.
(a) Subject to the provisions of this section and of sections 11-1903, 11-1906, and 11-1909, no individual or class of individuals may be disqualified, excluded, excused, or exempt from service as a juror.
(b) An individual summoned for jury service may be: (1) excluded by the Court on the ground that that individual may be unable to render impartial jury service or that his or her service as a juror would be likely to disrupt the proceedings; (2) excluded upon peremptory challenge as provided by law; (3) excluded pursuant to the procedure specified by law upon a challenge by any party for good cause shown; or (4) excluded upon determination by the Court that his or her service as a juror would be likely to threaten the secrecy of the proceedings, or otherwise adversely affect the integrity of jury deliberations. No person shall be excluded under clause (4) of this subsection unless the judge, in open Court, determines that such exclusion is warranted and that exclusion of that individual will not be inconsistent with sections 11-1901 and 11-1903 of this chapter.
(c) An individual excluded from a jury shall be eligible to sit on another jury if the basis for the initial exclusion would not be relevant to his or her ability to serve on such other jury. The procedures for challenges to and review of exclusions from jury service shall be set forth in the jury system plan.
(Nov. 14, 1986, 100 Stat. 3635, Pub. L. 99-650, § 2.)
Prior Codifications
1981 Ed., § 11-1908.
Short Title
Short title: See Historical and Statutory Notes following § 11-1901.
2023 District of Columbia Code › Title 11 - Organization and Jurisdiction of the Courts. [Enacted title] › Chapter 19 - Juries and Jurors › § 11–1909. Deferral from jury service

§ 11–1909. Deferral from jury service.
A qualified prospective juror may be deferred from jury service only upon a showing of undue hardship, extreme inconvenience, public necessity, or temporary physical or mental disability which would affect service as a juror. The procedure for requesting a deferral from jury service and the procedure and basis for granting a deferral shall be set forth in the master jury plan.
(Nov. 14, 1986, 100 Stat. 3635, Pub. L. 99-650, § 2.)
Prior Codifications
1981 Ed., § 11-1909.
Section References
This section is referenced in § 11-1908.
Short Title
Short title: See Historical and Statutory Notes following § 11-1901.
2023 District of Columbia Code › Title 11 - Organization and Jurisdiction of the Courts. [Enacted title] › Chapter 19 - Juries and Jurors › § 11–1910. Challenging compliance with selection procedures

§ 11–1910. Challenging compliance with selection procedures.
(a) A party may challenge the composition of a jury by a motion for appropriate relief. A challenge shall be brought and decided before any individual juror is examined, unless the Court orders otherwise. The motion shall be in writing, supported by affidavit, and shall specify the facts constituting the grounds for the challenge. If the Court so determines, the motion may be decided on the basis of the affidavits filed with the challenge. If the Court orders trial of the challenge, witnesses may be examined on oath by the Court and may be so examined by either party.
(b) If the Court determines that in selecting a grand or petit jury there has been a substantial failure to comply with this chapter, the Court shall stay the proceedings pending the selection of a jury in conformity with this chapter, quash the indictment, or grant other appropriate relief.
(c) The procedures prescribed by this section are the exclusive means by which a person accused of a crime, the District of Columbia, the United States, or a party in a civil case may challenge a jury on the ground that the jury was not selected in conformity with this chapter. Nothing in this section shall preclude any person from pursuing any other remedy, civil or criminal, which may be available for the vindication or enforcement of any law prohibiting discrimination on account of race, color, religion, sex, national origin, economic status, marital status, age, or physical handicap in the selection of individuals for service on grand or petit juries.
(Nov. 14, 1986, 100 Stat. 3635, Pub. L. 99-650, § 2.)
Prior Codifications
1981 Ed., § 11-1910.
Section References
This section is referenced in § 11-1914 and § 16-5102.
Short Title
Short title: See Historical and Statutory Notes following § 11-1901.
2023 District of Columbia Code › Title 11 - Organization and Jurisdiction of the Courts. [Enacted title] › Chapter 19 - Juries and Jurors › § 11–1911. Length of service

§ 11–1911. Length of service.
The length of service for grand and petit jurors shall be determined by the master jury plan. In any twenty-four month period an individual shall not be required to serve more than once as a grand or petit juror except as may be necessary by reason of the insufficiency of the master juror list or as ordered by the Court.
(July 29, 1970, 84 Stat. 515, Pub. L. 91-358, title I, § 111; Nov. 14, 1986, 100 Stat. 3635, Pub. L. 99-650, § 2.)
Prior Codifications
1981 Ed., § 11-1911.
1973 Ed., § 11-1905.
Short Title
Short title: See Historical and Statutory Notes following § 11-1901.
2023 District of Columbia Code › Title 11 - Organization and Jurisdiction of the Courts. [Enacted title] › Chapter 19 - Juries and Jurors › § 11–1912. Juror fees

§ 11–1912. Juror fees.
(a) Notwithstanding section 602(a) of the District of Columbia Home Rule Act, grand and petit jurors serving in the Superior Court shall receive fees and expenses at rates established by the Board of Judges of the Superior Court, except that such fees and expenses may not exceed the respective rates paid to such jurors in the Federal system.
(b) A petit or grand juror receiving benefits under the laws of employment security of the District of Columbia shall not lose such benefits on account of performance of juror service.
(c) Employees of the United States or of any State or local government who serve as grand or petit jurors and who continue to receive regular compensation during the period of jury service shall not be compensated for jury service. Amounts representing reimbursement of expenses incurred in connection with jury service may be paid to such employees to the extent provided in the jury system plan.
(July 29, 1970, 84 Stat. 516, Pub. L. 91-358, title I, § 111; Nov. 14, 1986, 100 Stat. 3635, Pub. L. 99-650, § 2; Aug. 5, 1997, 111 Stat. 755, Pub. L. 105-33, § 11246(a).)
Prior Codifications
1981 Ed., § 11-1912.
1973 Ed., § 11-1906.
Short Title
Short title: See Historical and Statutory Notes following § 11-1901.
References in Text
Section 602(a) of the District of Columbia Home Rule Act, referred to in this section, is § 602(a) of the Act of December 24, 1973, 87 Stat. 813, Pub. L. 93-198, which is codified as § 1-206.02(a).
Section 11717(b) of title XI of Pub. L. 105-33, 111 Stat. 786, provided that any reference in law or regulation to the “District of Columbia Self-Government and Governmental Reorganization Act” shall be deemed to be a reference to the “District of Columbia Home Rule Act,” which is set out in Volume 1.
2023 District of Columbia Code › Title 11 - Organization and Jurisdiction of the Courts. [Enacted title] › Chapter 19 - Juries and Jurors › § 11–1913. Protection of employment of jurors

§ 11–1913. Protection of employment of jurors.
(a) An employer shall not deprive an employee of employment, threaten, or otherwise coerce an employee with respect to employment because the employee receives a summons, responds to a summons, serves as a juror, or attends Court for prospective jury service.
(b) An employer who violates subsection (a) is guilty of criminal contempt. Upon a finding of criminal contempt an employer may be fined not more than $300, imprisoned for not more than 30 days, or both, for a first offense, and may be fined not more than $5,000, imprisoned for not more than 180 days, or both, for any subsequent offense.
(c) If an employer discharges an employee in violation of subsection (a), the employee within 9 months of such discharge may bring a civil action for recovery of wages lost as a result of the violation, for an order of reinstatement of employment, and for damages. If an employee prevails in an action under this subsection, that employee shall be entitled to reasonable attorney fees fixed by the court.
(Nov. 14, 1986, 100 Stat. 3635, Pub. L. 99-650, § 2.)
Prior Codifications
1981 Ed., § 11-1913.
Short Title
Short title: See Historical and Statutory Notes following § 11-1901.
2023 District of Columbia Code › Title 11 - Organization and Jurisdiction of the Courts. [Enacted title] › Chapter 19 - Juries and Jurors › § 11–1914. Preservation of records

§ 11–1914. Preservation of records.
(a) All records and lists compiled and maintained in connection with the selection and service of jurors shall be preserved for the length of time specified in the jury system plan.
(b) The contents of any records or lists used in connection with the selection process shall not be disclosed, except in connection with the preparation or presentation of a motion under § 11-1910, or until all individuals selected to serve as grand or petit jurors from such lists have been discharged.
(Nov. 14, 1986, 100 Stat. 3635, Pub. L. 99-650, § 2.)
Prior Codifications
1981 Ed., § 11-1914.
Section References
This section is referenced in § 16-5102.
Short Title
Short title: See Historical and Statutory Notes following § 11-1901.
2023 District of Columbia Code › Title 11 - Organization and Jurisdiction of the Courts. [Enacted title] › Chapter 19 - Juries and Jurors › § 11–1915. Fraud in the selection process

§ 11–1915. Fraud in the selection process.
An individual who commits fraud in the processing or selection of jurors or prospective jurors, either by causing any name to be inserted into any list maliciously or by causing any name to be deleted from any list maliciously (including malicious data entry or the altering of any data processing machine or any set of instructions or programs which control data processing equipment for such malicious purpose), is guilty of the crime of jury tampering, and, upon conviction, may be punished by a fine of not more than $10,000, imprisonment for not more than two years, or both. This section shall not limit any other provisions of law concerning the crime of jury tampering.
(Nov. 14, 1986, 100 Stat. 3635, Pub. L. 99-650, § 2.)
Prior Codifications
1981 Ed., § 11-1915.
Short Title
Short title: See Historical and Statutory Notes following § 11-1901.
2023 District of Columbia Code › Title 11 - Organization and Jurisdiction of the Courts. [Enacted title] › Chapter 19 - Juries and Jurors › § 11–1916. Grand jury; additional grand jury

§ 11–1916. Grand jury; additional grand jury.
(a) A grand jury serving in the District of Columbia may take cognizance of all matters brought before it regardless of whether an indictment is returnable in the Federal or District of Columbia courts.
(b) If the United States Attorney for the District of Columbia certifies in writing to the chief judge that an additional grand jury is required, the judge may in his or her discretion order an additional grand jury summoned which shall be drawn at such time as he or she designates. Unless discharged by order of the judge, the additional grand jury shall serve until the end of the term for which it is drawn.
(July 29, 1970, 84 Stat. 515, Pub. L. 91-358, title I, § 111; Nov. 14, 1986, 100 Stat. 3635, Pub. L. 99-650, § 2.)
Prior Codifications
1981 Ed., § 11-1916.
1973 Ed., § 11-1903.
Section References
This section is referenced in § 48-853.05.
Short Title
Short title: See Historical and Statutory Notes following § 11-1901.
2023 District of Columbia Code › Title 11 - Organization and Jurisdiction of the Courts. [Enacted title] › Chapter 19 - Juries and Jurors › § 11–1917. Coordination and cooperation of courts

§ 11–1917. Coordination and cooperation of courts.
To the extent feasible, the Superior Court and the United States District Court shall consider the respective needs of each court in the qualification, selection, and service of jurors. Nothing in this chapter shall be construed to prevent such courts from entering into any agreement for sharing resources and facilities (including automated data processing and hardware and software, forms, postage, and other resources).
(Nov. 14, 1986, 100 Stat. 3635, Pub. L. 99-650, § 2.)
Prior Codifications
1981 Ed., § 11-1917.
Short Title
Short title: See Historical and Statutory Notes following § 11-1901.
2023 District of Columbia Code › Title 11 - Organization and Jurisdiction of the Courts. [Enacted title] › Chapter 19 - Juries and Jurors › § 11–1918. Effect of invalidity

§ 11–1918. Effect of invalidity.
If any provision of this Act [chapter] or the application of that provision is held invalid, such invalidity shall not affect any other provision or application of this Act [chapter] which can be given effect without the invalid provision or application.
(Nov. 14, 1986, 100 Stat. 3635, Pub. L. 99-650, § 2.)
Prior Codifications
1981 Ed., § 11-1918.
Short Title
Short title: See Historical and Statutory Notes following § 11-1901.
Editor's Notes
The bracketed word “chapter” was inserted by the editor.
2023 District of Columbia Code › Title 11 - Organization and Jurisdiction of the Courts. [Enacted title] › Chapter 21 - Register of Wills › § 11–2101. Continuation of office

§ 11–2101. Continuation of office.
The Office of the Register of Wills shall continue as an office in the Probate Division of the Superior Court.
(July 29, 1970, 84 Stat. 516, Pub. L. 91-358, title I, § 111.)
Prior Codifications
1981 Ed., § 11-2101.
1973 Ed., § 11-2101.
2023 District of Columbia Code › Title 11 - Organization and Jurisdiction of the Courts. [Enacted title] › Chapter 21 - Register of Wills › § 11–2103. Services as clerk

§ 11–2103. Services as clerk.
With respect to the Probate Division of the Superior Court, the Register of Wills shall perform such duties as clerk as the chief judge of the Superior Court may assign.
(July 29, 1970, 84 Stat. 516, Pub. L. 91-358, title I, § 111.)
Prior Codifications
1981 Ed., § 11-2103.
1973 Ed., § 11-2103.
2023 District of Columbia Code › Title 11 - Organization and Jurisdiction of the Courts. [Enacted title] › Chapter 21 - Register of Wills › § 11–2104. Powers and duties; restrictions

§ 11–2104. Powers and duties; restrictions.
(a) The Register of Wills may —
(1) receive inventories and accounts of sales, examine vouchers, and state accounts of executors, administrators, collectors, and guardians, subject to final approval of the court;
(2) take the probate of claims against the estates of deceased persons that are properly brought before the Register of Wills, and approve or reject claims not exceeding $300;
(3) take the probate of wills and accept the bonds of executors, administrators, collectors, and guardians, subject to approval of the court; and
(4) audit and state fiduciary accounts.
(b) In matters over which the Superior Court has probate jurisdiction or powers, the Register of Wills shall —
(1) make full and fair entries, in separate records, of the proceedings of the court;
(2) record in electronic or other format all wills proved before the Register of Wills or the court and other matters required by law to be recorded in the court;
(3) lodge in places of safety designated by the court original papers filed with the Register of Wills;
(4) make out and issue every summons, process, and order of the court;
(5) prepare and submit to the Executive Officer of the District of Columbia courts such reports as may be required; and
(6) in every respect, act under the control and direction of the court.
(c) The Register of Wills may not —
(1) practice law in any court of the District of Columbia or of the United States; or
(2) demand or receive any fee, gratuity, gift, or reward for giving advice in any matter relating to the office.
(July 29, 1970, 84 Stat. 516, Pub. L. 91-358, title I, § 111; Oct. 28, 1986, 100 Stat. 3228, Pub. L. 99-573, § 5(b); June 13, 1994, Pub. L. 103-266, §§ 1(b)(98)-(102), 108 Stat. 713; Oct. 16, 2006, 120 Stat. 2024, Pub. L. 109-356, § 111(a), (b)(1).)
Prior Codifications
1981 Ed., § 11-2104.
1973 Ed., § 11-2104.
Effect of Amendments
Pub. L. 109-356, in the section heading, deleted “penalties”; and rewrote subsec. (b) and repealed subsecs. (d) and (e).
2023 District of Columbia Code › Title 11 - Organization and Jurisdiction of the Courts. [Enacted title] › Chapter 21 - Register of Wills › § 11–2105. Deputies and other employees

§ 11–2105. Deputies and other employees.
The Executvie [Executive] Officer of the District of Columbia courts shall appoint and remove such personnel as may be needed by the Register of Wills, pursuant to Chapter 17 of this title.
(July 29, 1970, 84 Stat. 517, Pub. L. 91-358, title I, § 111.)
Prior Codifications
1981 Ed., § 11-2105.
1973 Ed., § 11-2105.
Editor's Notes
Near the beginning of this section, “Executive” was inserted, in brackets, to correct a misspelling.
2023 District of Columbia Code › Title 11 - Organization and Jurisdiction of the Courts. [Enacted title] › Chapter 21 - Register of Wills › § 11–2106. Accounts

§ 11–2106. Accounts.
All fees, costs, and other moneys, except uncollected fees not required by law to be prepaid, collected by the Register of Wills with respect to matters within the jurisdiction of the Superior Court shall be turned over to the Fiscal Officer of the District of Columbia courts.
(July 29, 1970, 84 Stat. 517, Pub. L. 91-358, title I, § 111.)
Prior Codifications
1981 Ed., § 11-2106.
1973 Ed., § 11-2106.
2023 District of Columbia Code › Title 11 - Organization and Jurisdiction of the Courts. [Enacted title] › Chapter 23 - Medical Examiner › § 11–2301. Medical Examiner; Deputies; appointment, qualifications, and compensation. [Repealed]

§ 11–2301. Medical Examiner; Deputies; appointment, qualifications, and compensation. [Repealed]
Repealed.
(July 29, 1970, 84 Stat. 518, Pub. L. 91-358, title I, § 111; Nov. 22, 2000, 114 Stat. 2440, Pub. L. 106-522, § 148(a).)
Prior Codifications
1981 Ed., § 11-2301.
1973 Ed., § 11-2301.
Emergency Legislation
For temporary (90-day) requirement of certain autopsies and reports, see §§ 2 to 5 of the Mandatory Autopsy for Deceased Wards of the District of Columbia and Mandatory Unusual Incident Report Emergency Act of 1999 (D.C. Act 13-232, January 11, 2000, 47 DCR 515).
For temporary (90-day) requirement of certain autopsies and reports, see §§ 2 to 5 of the Mandatory Autopsy for Deceased Wards of the District of Columbia and Mandatory Unusual Incident Report Congressional Review Emergency Act of 2000 (D.C. Act 13-309, April 7, 2000, 47 DCR 2730).
Temporary Legislation
Section 2 of D.C. Law 13-104 which enacted the Mandatory Autopsy for Deceased Wards of the District of Columbia and Mandatory Unusual Incident Report Temporary Act of 1999, added definitions of unusual incident and ward.
Section 7 (b) of D.C. Law 13-104 provided that the act shall expire after 225 days of its having taken effect.
Transfer of Functions
Functions vested in the Department of Public Health were transferred to the Department of Human Resources by Commissioner’s Order No. 70-83, dated March 6, 1970. The Department of Human Resources was replaced by the Department of Human Services by Reorganization Plan No. 2 of 1979, dated February 21, 1980.
Establishment of Commission on Medical Examiner’s Office: See Mayor’s Order 89-62, March 28, 1989.
Change in Government
This section originated at a time when local government powers were delegated to the District of Columbia Council and to a Commissioner of the District of Columbia. The District of Columbia Self-Government and Governmental Reorganization Act, 87 Stat. 818, § 711 ( D.C. Code, § 1-207.11), abolished the District of Columbia Council and the Office of Commissioner of the District of Columbia. These branches of government were replaced by the Council of the District of Columbia and the Office of Mayor of the District of Columbia, respectively. Accordingly, and also pursuant to § 714(a) of such Act ( D.C. Code, § 1-207.14(a)), appropriate changes in terminology were made, in brackets, in this section.