2023 Texas Statutes › Property Code › Title 9 - Trusts › Subtitle B - Texas Trust Code: Creation, Operation, and Termination of Trusts › Chapter 116 - Uniform Principal and Income Act › Subchapter A. Definitions, Fiduciary Duties, and Other Miscellaneous Provisions › Section 116.006. Judicial Control of Discretionary Power

Sec. 116.006.  JUDICIAL CONTROL OF DISCRETIONARY POWER.  (a)  The court may not order a trustee to change a decision to exercise or not to exercise a discretionary power conferred by Section 116.005 of this chapter unless the court determines that the decision was an abuse of the trustee's discretion.   A trustee's decision is not an abuse of discretion merely because the court would have exercised the power in a different manner or would not have exercised the power.
(b)  The decisions to which Subsection (a) applies include:
(1)  a decision under Section 116.005(a) as to whether and to what extent an amount should be transferred from principal to income or from income to principal;  and
(2)  a decision regarding the factors that are relevant to the trust and its beneficiaries, the extent to which the factors are relevant, and the weight, if any, to be given to those factors in deciding whether and to what extent to exercise the discretionary power conferred by Section 116.005(a).
(c)  If the court determines that a trustee has abused the trustee's discretion, the court may place the income and remainder beneficiaries in the positions they would have occupied if the discretion had not been abused, according to the following rules:
(1)  to the extent that the abuse of discretion has resulted in no distribution to a beneficiary or in a distribution that is too small, the court shall order the trustee to distribute from the trust to the beneficiary an amount that the court determines will restore the beneficiary, in whole or in part, to the beneficiary's appropriate position;
(2)  to the extent that the abuse of discretion has resulted in a distribution to a beneficiary which is too large, the court shall place the beneficiaries, the trust, or both, in whole or in part, in their appropriate positions by ordering the trustee to withhold an amount from one or more future distributions to the beneficiary who received the distribution that was too large or ordering that beneficiary to return some or all of the distribution to the trust;  and
(3)  to the extent that the court is unable, after applying Subdivisions (1) and (2), to place the beneficiaries, the trust, or both, in the positions they would have occupied if the discretion had not been abused, the court may order the trustee to pay an appropriate amount from its own funds to one or more of the beneficiaries or the trust or both.
(d)  If the trustee of a trust reasonably believes that one or more beneficiaries of such trust will object to the manner in which the trustee intends to exercise or not exercise a discretionary power conferred by Section 116.005, the trustee may petition the court having jurisdiction over the trust, and the court shall determine whether the proposed exercise or nonexercise by the trustee of such discretionary power will result in an abuse of the trustee's discretion.  The trustee shall state in such petition the basis for its belief that a beneficiary would object.  The failure or refusal of a beneficiary to sign a waiver or release is not reasonable grounds for a trustee to believe the beneficiary will object.  The court may appoint one or more guardians ad litem or attorneys ad litem pursuant to Section 115.014.  If the petition describes the proposed exercise or nonexercise of the power and contains sufficient information to inform the beneficiaries of the reasons for the proposal, the facts upon which the trustee relies, and an explanation of how the income and remainder beneficiaries will be affected by the proposed exercise or nonexercise of the power, a beneficiary who challenges the proposed exercise or nonexercise has the burden of establishing that it will result in an abuse of discretion.  The trustee shall advance from the trust principal all costs incident to the judicial determination, including the reasonable attorney's fees and costs of the trustee, any beneficiary or beneficiaries who are parties to the action and who retain counsel, any guardian ad litem, and any attorney ad litem.  At the conclusion of the proceeding, the court may award costs and reasonable and necessary attorney's fees as provided in Section 114.064, including, if the court considers it appropriate, awarding part or all of such costs against the trust principal or income, awarding part or all of such costs against one or more beneficiaries or such beneficiary's or beneficiaries' share of the trust, or awarding part or all of such costs against the trustee in the trustee's individual capacity, if the court determines that the trustee's exercise or nonexercise of discretionary power would have resulted in an abuse of discretion or that the trustee did not have reasonable grounds for believing one or more beneficiaries would object to the proposed exercise or nonexercise of the discretionary power.
Added by Acts 2003, 78th Leg., ch. 659, Sec. 1, eff. Jan. 1, 2004.
Amended by:
Acts 2009, 81st Leg., R.S., Ch. 672 (H.B. 2368), Sec. 7, eff. September 1, 2009.
Sec. 116.007.  PROVISIONS REGARDING NONCHARITABLE UNITRUSTS.  (a)  This section does not apply to a charitable remainder unitrust as defined by Section 664(d), Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (26 U.S.C. Section 664), as amended.
(b)  In this section:
(1)  "Unitrust" means a trust the terms of which require distribution of a unitrust amount.
(2)  "Unitrust amount" means a distribution mandated by the terms of a trust in an amount equal to a fixed percentage of not less than three or more than five percent per year of the net fair market value of the trust's assets, valued at least annually.  The unitrust amount may be determined by reference to the net fair market value of the trust's assets in one year or more than one year.
(c)  Distribution of the unitrust amount is considered a distribution of all of the income of the unitrust and shall not be considered a fundamental departure from applicable state law.  A distribution of the unitrust amount reasonably apportions the total return of a unitrust.
(d)  Unless the terms of the trust specifically provide otherwise, a distribution of the unitrust amount shall be treated as first being made from the following sources in order of priority:
(1)  from net accounting income determined as if the trust were not a unitrust;
(2)  from ordinary accounting income not allocable to net accounting income;
(3)  from net realized short-term capital gains;
(4)  from net realized long-term capital gains;  and
(5)  from the principal of the trust estate.
Added by Acts 2003, 78th Leg., ch. 659, Sec. 1, eff. Jan. 1, 2004.