2023 Texas Statutes › Insurance Code › Title 4 - Regulation of Solvency › Subtitle C - Delinquent Insurers › Chapter 443 - Insurer Receivership Act › Subchapter A. General Provisions › Section 443.004. Definitions

Sec. 443.004.  DEFINITIONS.  (a)  For the purposes of this chapter:
(1)  "Affiliate," "control," and "subsidiary" have the meanings assigned by Chapter 823.
(2)  "Alien insurer" means an insurer incorporated or organized under the laws of a jurisdiction that is not a state.
(3)  "Creditor" or "claimant" means a person having any claim against an insurer, whether the claim is matured or not, liquidated or unliquidated, secured or unsecured, absolute, fixed, or contingent.
(4)  "Delinquency proceeding" means any proceeding instituted against an insurer for the purpose of liquidating, rehabilitating, or conserving the insurer, and any proceeding under Section 443.051.
(5)  "Doing business," including "doing insurance business" and the "business of insurance," includes any of the following acts, whether effected by mail, electronic means, or otherwise:
(A)  the issuance or delivery of contracts of insurance, either to persons resident or covering a risk located in this state;
(B)  the solicitation of applications for contracts described by Paragraph (A) or other negotiations preliminary to the execution of the contracts;
(C)  the collection of premiums, membership fees, assessments, or other consideration for contracts described by Paragraph (A);
(D)  the transaction of matters subsequent to the execution of contracts described by Paragraph (A) and arising out of those contracts; or
(E)  operating as an insurer under a certificate of authority issued by the department.
(6)  "Domiciliary state" means the state in which an insurer is incorporated or organized or, in the case of an alien insurer, its state of entry.
(7)  "Foreign insurer" means an insurer domiciled in another state.
(8)  "Formal delinquency proceeding" means any rehabilitation or liquidation proceeding.
(9)  "General assets" includes:
(A)  all property of the estate that is not:
(i)  subject to a secured claim or a valid and existing express trust for the security or benefit of specified persons or classes of persons; or
(ii)  required by the insurance laws of this state or any other state to be held for the benefit of specified persons or classes of persons; and
(B)  all property of the estate and the proceeds of that property in excess of the amount necessary to discharge any secured claims described by Paragraph (A).
(10)  "Good faith" means honesty in fact and intention, and for the purposes of Subchapter F also requires the absence of:
(A)  information that would lead a reasonable person in the same position to know that the insurer is financially impaired or insolvent; and
(B)  knowledge regarding the imminence or pendency of any delinquency proceeding against the insurer.
(11)  "Guaranty association" means any mechanism mandated by Chapter 462, 463, or 2602 or other laws of this state or a similar mechanism in another state that is created for the payment of claims or continuation of policy obligations of financially impaired or insolvent insurers.
(12)  "Impaired" means that an insurer does not have admitted assets at least equal to all its liabilities together with the minimum surplus required to be maintained under this code.
(13)  "Insolvency" or "insolvent" means an insurer:
(A)  is unable to pay its obligations when they are due;
(B)  does not have admitted assets at least equal to all its liabilities; or
(C)  has a total adjusted capital that is less than that required under:
(i)  Chapter 822, 841, or 843, as applicable; or
(ii)  applicable rules or guidelines adopted by the commissioner under Section 822.210, 841.205, or 843.404.
(14)  "Insurer" means any person that has done, purports to do, is doing, or is authorized to do the business of insurance in this state, and is or has been subject to the authority of or to liquidation, rehabilitation, reorganization, supervision, or conservation by any insurance commissioner.  For purposes of this chapter, any other persons included under Section 443.003 are insurers.
(15)  "Netting agreement" means a contract or agreement, including terms and conditions incorporated by reference in a contract or agreement, and a master agreement (which master agreement, together with all schedules, confirmations, definitions, and addenda to the agreement and transactions under the agreement, schedules, confirmations, definitions, or addenda, are to be treated as one netting agreement) that documents one or more transactions between the parties to the contract or agreement for or involving one or more qualified financial contracts and that, among the parties to the netting agreement, provides for the netting or liquidation of qualified financial contracts, present or future payment obligations, or payment entitlements under the contract or agreement, including liquidation or close-out values relating to the obligations or entitlements.
(16)  "New value" means money, money's worth in goods, services, or new credit, or release by a transferee of property previously transferred to the transferee in a transaction that is neither void nor voidable by the insurer or the receiver under any applicable law, including proceeds of the property.  The term does not include an obligation substituted for an existing obligation.
(17)  "Party in interest" means the commissioner, a 10 percent or greater equity security holder in the insolvent insurer, any affected guaranty association, any nondomiciliary commissioner for a jurisdiction in which the insurer has outstanding claims liabilities, and any of the following parties that have filed a request for inclusion on the service list under Section 443.007:
(A)  an insurer that ceded to or assumed business from the insolvent insurer; and
(B)  an equity shareholder, policyholder, third-party claimant, creditor, and any other person, including any indenture trustee, with a financial or regulatory interest in the receivership proceeding.
(18)  "Person" means individual, aggregation of individuals, partnership, corporation, or other entity.
(19)  "Policy" means a written contract of insurance, written agreement for or effecting insurance, or the certificate for or effecting insurance, by whatever name.  The term includes all clauses, riders, endorsements, and papers that are a part of the contract, agreement, or certificate.  The term does not include a contract of reinsurance.
(20)  "Property of the insurer" or "property of the estate" includes:
(A)  all right, title, and interest of the insurer in property, whether legal or equitable, tangible or intangible, choate or inchoate, and includes choses in action, contract rights, and any other interest recognized under the laws of this state;
(B)  entitlements that:
(i)  existed prior to the entry of an order of rehabilitation or liquidation; and
(ii)  may arise by operation of the provisions of this chapter or other provisions of law allowing the receiver to avoid prior transfers or assert other rights; and
(C)  all records and data that are otherwise the property of the insurer, in whatever form maintained, within the possession, custody, or control of a managing general agent, third-party administrator, management company, data processing company, accountant, attorney, affiliate, or other person, including:
(i)  claims and claim files;
(ii)  policyholder lists;
(iii)  application files;
(iv)  litigation files;
(v)  premium records;
(vi)  rate books and underwriting manuals;
(vii)  personnel records; and
(viii)  financial records or similar records.
(21)  "Qualified financial contract" means a commodity contract, forward contract, repurchase agreement, securities contract, swap agreement, and any similar agreement that the commissioner determines by rule to be a qualified financial contract for the purposes of this chapter.
(22)  "Receiver" means liquidator, rehabilitator, or ancillary conservator, as the context requires.
(23)  "Receivership" means any liquidation, rehabilitation, or ancillary conservation, as the context requires.
(24)  "Receivership court" refers to the court in which a delinquency proceeding is pending, unless the context requires otherwise.
(25)  "Reinsurance" means transactions or contracts by which an assuming insurer agrees to indemnify a ceding insurer against all, or a part, of any loss that the ceding insurer might sustain under the policy or policies that it has issued or will issue.
(26)  "Secured claim" means any claim secured by an asset that is not a general asset.  The term includes the right to set off as provided in Section 443.209.  The term does not include a claim arising from a constructive or resulting trust, a special deposit claim, or a claim based on mere possession.
(27)  "Special deposit" means a deposit established pursuant to statute for the security or benefit of a limited class or limited classes of persons.
(28)  "Special deposit claim" means any claim secured by a special deposit.  The term does not include any claim secured by the general assets of the insurer.
(29)  "State" means any state, district, or territory of the United States.
(30)  "Transfer" includes the sale and every other and different mode, direct or indirect, of disposing of or of parting with property or with an interest in property, including a setoff, or with the possession of property or of fixing a lien upon property or upon an interest in property, absolutely or conditionally, voluntarily or involuntarily, by or without judicial proceedings.  The retention of a security title in property delivered to an insurer is deemed a transfer suffered by the insurer.
(31)  "Unauthorized insurer" means an insurer doing the business of insurance in this state that has not received from this state a certificate of authority or some other type of authority that allows for doing the business of insurance in this state.
(b)  For purposes of this chapter, "admitted assets" and "liabilities" have the meanings assigned by the department in rules relating to risk-based capital.
(c)  For purposes of Subsection (a)(21):
(1)  "Commodity contract" means:
(A)  a contract for the purchase or sale of a commodity for future delivery on or subject to the rules of a board of trade designated as a contract market by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission under the Commodity Exchange Act (7 U.S.C. Section 1 et seq.) or a board of trade outside the United States;
(B)  an agreement that is subject to regulation under Section 19, Commodity Exchange Act (7 U.S.C. Section 23), and that is commonly known to the commodities trade as a margin account, margin contract, leverage account, or leverage contract; or
(C)  an agreement or transaction that is subject to regulation under Section 4c(b), Commodity Exchange Act (7 U.S.C. Section 6c(b)), and that is commonly known to the commodities trade as a commodity option.
(2)  "Forward contract" means a contract, other than a commodity contract, with a maturity date more than two days after the date the contract is entered into, that is for the purchase, sale, or transfer of a commodity, as defined by Section 1a, Commodity Exchange Act (7 U.S.C. Section 1a), or any similar good, article, service, right, or interest that is presently or in the future becomes the subject of dealing in the forward contract trade or product or byproduct of the contract.  The term includes a repurchase transaction, reverse repurchase transaction, consignment, lease, swap, hedge transaction, deposit, loan, option, allocated transaction, unallocated transaction, or a combination of these or option on any of them.
(3)  "Repurchase agreement" includes a reverse repurchase agreement and means an agreement, including related terms, that provides for the transfer of certificates of deposit, eligible bankers' acceptances, or securities that are direct obligations of or that are fully guaranteed as to principal and interest by the United States against the transfer of funds by the transferee of the certificates of deposit, eligible bankers' acceptances, or securities with a simultaneous agreement by the transferee to transfer to the transferor certificates of deposit, eligible bankers' acceptances, or securities as described in this subdivision, on demand or at a date certain not later than one year after the transfers, against the transfer of funds.  For the purposes of this subdivision, the items that may be subject to a repurchase agreement:
(A)  include mortgage-related securities and a mortgage loan and an interest in a mortgage loan; and
(B)  do not include any participation in a commercial mortgage loan unless the commissioner determines by rule to include the participation within the meaning of the term.
(4)  "Securities contract" means a contract for the purchase, sale, or loan of a security, including an option for the repurchase or sale of a security, certificate of deposit, or group or index of securities or an interest in the group or index or based on the value of the group or index, an option entered into on a national securities exchange relating to foreign currencies, or the guarantee of a settlement of cash or securities by or to a securities clearing agency.  For the purposes of this subdivision, the term "security" includes a mortgage loan, a mortgage-related security, and an interest in any mortgage loan or mortgage-related security.
(5)  "Swap agreement" means an agreement, including the terms and conditions incorporated by reference in an agreement, that is a rate swap agreement, basis swap, commodity swap, forward rate agreement, interest rate future, interest rate option, forward foreign exchange agreement, spot foreign exchange agreement, rate cap agreement, rate floor agreement, rate collar agreement, currency swap agreement, cross-currency rate swap agreement, currency future, or currency option or any other similar agreement.  The term includes any combination agreements described by this subdivision and an option to enter into any agreement described by this subdivision.
(d)  The definitions under this section apply only to this chapter unless the context of another law requires otherwise.
Added by Acts 2005, 79th Leg., Ch. 995 (H.B. 2157), Sec. 1, eff. September 1, 2005.
Redesignated from Insurance Code - Not Codified, Art/Sec 21A.004 by Acts 2007, 80th Leg., R.S., Ch. 730 (H.B. 2636), Sec. 3B.004(a)(1), eff. September 1, 2007.
Amended by:
Acts 2007, 80th Leg., R.S., Ch. 730 (H.B. 2636), Sec. 3B.004(b), eff. September 1, 2007.
Redesignated from Insurance Code - Not Codified, Art/Sec 21A.004 by Acts 2007, 80th Leg., R.S., Ch. 921 (H.B. 3167), Sec. 9.004(a)(1), eff. September 1, 2007.
Amended by:
Acts 2007, 80th Leg., R.S., Ch. 921 (H.B. 3167), Sec. 9.004(b), eff. September 1, 2007.