reglab/statecodes huggingface dataset:
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 23 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 13 - Operation of Vehicles › § 1015. Authorized emergency vehicles

§ 1015. Authorized emergency vehicles
(a) The driver of an authorized emergency vehicle, when responding to an emergency call or when responding to, but not returning from, a fire alarm and a law enforcement officer operating an authorized emergency vehicle in fresh pursuit of a suspected violator of the law:
(1) may park or stand contrary to the provisions of this chapter;
(2) may proceed past a red or stop signal or stop sign, but only after slowing down as may be necessary for safe operation;
(3) shall come to a full stop when approaching a school bus that is flashing red lights and may proceed only when the flashing red lights are extinguished;
(4) may exceed the maximum speed limits;
(5) may disregard regulations governing direction of movement or turning in specified directions.
(b) The exemptions granted to an authorized emergency vehicle apply only when the vehicle is making use of audible or visual signals meeting the requirements of this title.
(c) The foregoing provisions shall not relieve the driver of an authorized emergency vehicle from the duty to drive with due regard for the safety of all persons, nor shall such provisions protect the driver from the consequences of his or her reckless disregard for the safety of others.
(d) The operator of a school bus, upon the approach of an authorized emergency vehicle as described in subsection (a) of this section, shall take action immediately to get school-children out of the public highway and to a safe place and shall thereafter extinguish the flashing red lights. (Added 1971, No. 258 (Adj. Sess.), § 3, eff. March 1, 1973; amended 1981, No. 97, §§ 1, 2.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 23 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 13 - Operation of Vehicles › § 1016. Reports of arrests

§ 1016. Reports of arrests
Law enforcement officers who make arrests or issue citations for violations of this title shall forward a written report on forms prescribed and furnished by the Commissioners of Motor Vehicles and of Public Safety and approved by the Attorney General with respect to any matter affecting the substantive rights of any person, to the Department of Motor Vehicles within 30 days after the arrest is made or the citation is issued. (Added 1975, No. 72, eff. April 18, 1975; amended 1981, No. 81, § 2, eff. May 5, 1981; 2009, No. 39, § 2.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 23 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 13 - Operation of Vehicles › § 1017. Speed limit in school zones

§ 1017. Speed limit in school zones
Notwithstanding the maximum penalty established in subsection 2302(c) of this title and the waiver penalties established pursuant to 4 V.S.A. § 1102(d), the civil penalty for violating a State or municipal speed limit in a school zone designated with signs in accordance with 19 V.S.A. § 921 shall be twice the penalty for a non-school zone speed limit violation. (Added 2019, No. 149 (Adj. Sess.), § 31.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 23 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 13 - Operation of Vehicles › § 1021. Obedience to traffic-control devices

§ 1021. Obedience to traffic-control devices
(a) The driver of any vehicle shall obey the instructions of any official traffic-control device applicable to him or her placed in accordance with this chapter unless otherwise directed by an enforcement officer, subject to the exceptions granted in this chapter.
(b) No provision of this chapter for which signs are required may be enforced if at the time and place of the alleged violation an official sign is not in approximately proper position and sufficiently legible to be seen by an ordinarily observant person. Whenever a particular section does not state that signs are required, the section is effective even though no signs are erected or in place.
(c) Whenever official traffic-control devices are placed in positions approximately conforming to this chapter the devices are presumed to have been placed by the official act or direction of lawful authority, unless the contrary is established by competent evidence.
(d) An official traffic-control device placed pursuant to this chapter and purporting to conform to the lawful requirements pertaining to the device is presumed to comply with this chapter, unless the contrary is established by competent evidence. (Added 1971, No. 258 (Adj. Sess.), § 3, eff. March 1, 1973.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 23 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 13 - Operation of Vehicles › § 1023. Pedestrian-control signals

§ 1023. Pedestrian-control signals
Whenever special pedestrian-control signals exhibiting the words “Walk” or “Don’t Walk” are in place the signals indicate as follows:
(1) “Walk”: pedestrians facing the signal may proceed across the roadway in the direction of the signal and shall be given the right of way by all drivers.
(2) “Don’t Walk”: no pedestrian shall start to cross the roadway in the direction of the signal, but any pedestrian who has begun his or her crossing on the “Walk” signal shall proceed to a sidewalk or a safety island while the “Don’t Walk” signal is showing. (Added 1971, No. 258 (Adj. Sess.), § 3, eff. March 1, 1973.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 23 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 13 - Operation of Vehicles › § 1024. Flashing signals

§ 1024. Flashing signals
(a) Whenever a flashing red or yellow signal is used in a traffic sign or signal it requires obedience by vehicular traffic as follows:
(1) Flashing red: When a red lens is illuminated with rapid intermittent flashes, drivers shall stop before entering the nearest crosswalk at an intersection or at a limit line when marked, or, if there are none, before entering the intersection, and the right to proceed is subject to the rules applicable after making a stop at a stop sign.
(2) Flashing yellow: When a yellow lens is illuminated with rapid intermittent flashes, drivers of vehicles may proceed through the intersection or past the signal only with caution.
(b) This section does not apply to railroad grade crossings. Conduct of drivers approaching railroad grade crossings is governed by sections 1071, 1072, and 1073 of this title.
(c) This section does not apply to operators of vehicles encountering school buses. Conduct of drivers encountering school buses is governed by section 1075 of this title. (Added 1971, No. 258 (Adj. Sess.), § 3, eff. March 1, 1973.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 23 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 13 - Operation of Vehicles › § 1025. Standards

§ 1025. Standards
(a) The U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration’s Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) for streets and highways as amended shall be the standards for all traffic control signs, signals, and markings within the State. The latest revision of the MUTCD shall be adopted upon its effective date except in the case of projects beyond a preliminary state of design that are anticipated to be constructed within two years of the otherwise applicable effective date; such projects may be constructed according to the MUTCD standards applicable at the design stage. Existing signs, signals, and markings shall be valid until such time as they are replaced or reconstructed. When new traffic control devices are erected or placed or existing traffic control devices are replaced or repaired the equipment, design, method of installation, placement, or repair shall conform with the MUTCD.
(b) The standards of the MUTCD shall apply for both State and local authorities as to traffic control devices under their respective jurisdiction.
(c) Traffic and control signals at intersections with exclusive pedestrian walk cycles shall be of sufficient duration to allow a pedestrian to leave the curb and travel across the roadway before opposing vehicles receive a green light. Determination of the length of the signal shall take into account the circumstances of persons with ambulatory disabilities. (Added 1971, No. 258 (Adj. Sess.), § 3, eff. March 1, 1973; amended 1975, No. 26; 1985, No. 138 (Adj. Sess.), § 5; 2009, No. 123 (Adj. Sess.), § 33; 2013, No. 96 (Adj. Sess.), § 145.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 23 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 13 - Operation of Vehicles › § 1026. Lane control signals

§ 1026. Lane control signals
When lane direction control signals are placed over the individual lanes of a street or highway, vehicular traffic shall travel in any lane over which there is a green signal, but may not enter or travel in any lane over which there is a red signal. (Added 1971, No. 258 (Adj. Sess.), § 3, eff. March 1, 1973.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 23 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 13 - Operation of Vehicles › § 1027. Unauthorized signs, signals, or markings

§ 1027. Unauthorized signs, signals, or markings
(a) No person shall place, maintain, or display upon or in view of any highway any unauthorized sign, signal, marking, or device which is an imitation of or resembles an official traffic-control device or railroad sign or signal, or which attempts to direct the movement of traffic, or which obscures or interferes with the effectiveness of an official traffic-control device or any railroad sign or signal.
(b) No person shall place or maintain upon any highway, nor may any public authority permit upon any highway, any traffic sign or signal bearing thereon any commercial advertising, except as otherwise provided in 10 V.S.A. chapter 21.
(c) This section shall not be deemed to prohibit the erection upon private property adjacent to highways of signs giving useful directional information and of a type that cannot be mistaken for official signs, nor shall this provision affect any right or obligation created or recognized under 10 V.S.A. chapter 21.
(d) Every prohibited sign, signal, or marking is a public nuisance, and the Agency of Transportation may remove it or cause it to be removed without notice. (Added 1971, No. 258 (Adj. Sess.), § 3, eff. March 1, 1973.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 23 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 13 - Operation of Vehicles › § 1028. Interference with devices or signals

§ 1028. Interference with devices or signals
No person shall, without lawful authority, alter or attempt to alter, deface, injure, knock down, or remove any official traffic-control device or any railroad sign or signal or any inscription, shield, or insignia thereon, or any part thereof. (Added 1971, No. 258 (Adj. Sess.), § 3, eff. March 1, 1973.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 23 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 13 - Operation of Vehicles › § 1029. Municipal signs

§ 1029. Municipal signs
Notwithstanding the provisions of sections 1025 and 1027 of this title, municipalities may erect alternative signs of a guidance or informational nature and creative design, in accordance with the provisions of 10 V.S.A. § 494(15), to assist persons in reaching destinations that are transportation centers, geographic districts, historic monuments, and significant or unique educational, recreational, or cultural landmarks. (Added 1991, No. 197 (Adj. Sess.), § 2; amended 2015, No. 47, § 27.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 23 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 13 - Operation of Vehicles › § 1031. Driving to right

§ 1031. Driving to right
(a) Upon all roadways of sufficient width a vehicle shall be driven upon the right half of the roadway, except as follows:
(1) when overtaking and passing another vehicle proceeding in the same direction under the rules governing such movement;
(2) when an obstruction exists making it necessary to drive to the left of the center of the highway; provided, any person so doing shall yield the right of way to all vehicles traveling in the proper direction upon the unobstructed portion of the highway within such distance as to constitute an immediate hazard;
(3) upon a roadway divided into three marked lanes for traffic under the rules applicable thereon; or
(4) upon a roadway restricted to one-way traffic.
(b) Upon all roadways any vehicle proceeding at less than the normal speed of traffic at the time and place and under the conditions then existing shall be driven in the right-hand lane then available for traffic, or as close as practicable to the right-hand curb or edge of the roadway, except when overtaking and passing another vehicle proceeding in the same direction or when preparing for a left turn at an intersection or into a private road or driveway.
(c) Upon any roadway having four or more lanes for moving traffic and providing for two-way movement of traffic, no vehicle shall be driven to the left of the center line of the roadway, except when authorized by official traffic-control devices designating certain lanes to the left side of the center of the roadway for use by traffic not otherwise permitted to use such lanes, or except as permitted under subdivision (a)(2) of this section. However, this subsection shall not be construed as prohibiting the crossing of the center line in making a left turn into or from an intersecting highway, an alley, private road, or driveway when authorized. (Added 1971, No. 258 (Adj. Sess.), § 3, eff. March 1, 1973.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 23 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 13 - Operation of Vehicles › § 1032. Passing vehicles proceeding in opposite directions

§ 1032. Passing vehicles proceeding in opposite directions
Drivers of vehicles proceeding in opposite directions shall pass each other to the right, and upon roadways having width for not more than one line of traffic in each direction, each driver shall give to the other at least one-half of the main-traveled portion of the roadway as nearly as possible. (Added 1971, No. 258 (Adj. Sess.), § 3, eff. March 1, 1973.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 23 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 13 - Operation of Vehicles › § 1033. Passing motor vehicles and vulnerable users

§ 1033. Passing motor vehicles and vulnerable users
(a) Passing motor vehicles generally. Motor vehicles proceeding in the same direction may be overtaken and passed only as follows:
(1) The driver of a motor vehicle overtaking another motor vehicle proceeding in the same direction may pass to its left at a safe distance, and when so doing shall exercise due care, shall not pass to the left of the center of the highway except as authorized in section 1035 of this title, and shall not again drive to the right side of the roadway until safely clear of the overtaken vehicle.
(2) Except when overtaking and passing on the right is permitted, the driver of an overtaken motor vehicle shall give way to the right in favor of the overtaking motor vehicle and shall not increase the speed of his or her vehicle until completely passed by the overtaking vehicle.
(b) Approaching or passing vulnerable users. The operator of a motor vehicle approaching or passing a vulnerable user as defined in subdivision 4(81) of this title shall exercise due care, which includes reducing speed and increasing clearance to a recommended distance of at least four feet, to pass the vulnerable user safely, and shall cross the center of the highway only as provided in section 1035 of this title. A person who violates this subsection shall be subject to a civil penalty of not less than $200.00.
(c) Approaching or passing certain stationary vehicles. The operator of a motor vehicle approaching or passing a stationary sanitation, maintenance, utility, or delivery vehicle with flashing lights shall exercise due care, which includes reducing speed and increasing clearance to a recommended distance of at least four feet, to pass the vehicle safely, and shall cross the center of the highway only as provided in section 1035 of this title. A person who violates this subsection shall be subject to a civil penalty of not less than $200.00. (Added 1971, No. 258 (Adj. Sess.), § 3, eff. March 1, 1973; amended 2009, No. 114 (Adj. Sess.), § 2; 2015, No. 158 (Adj. Sess.), § 39; 2017, No. 158 (Adj. Sess.), § 40.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 23 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 13 - Operation of Vehicles › § 1034. Passing on the right

§ 1034. Passing on the right
(a) The driver of a vehicle may overtake and pass upon the right of another vehicle only as follows:
(1) when the vehicle overtaken is making or about to make a left turn;
(2) upon a street or highway of sufficient width for two or more lines of moving vehicles in one or more directions and with unobstructed pavement not occupied by parked vehicles; or
(3) upon a one-way street, or upon any roadway on which traffic is restricted to one direction of movement, where the roadway is free from obstructions and of sufficient width for two or more lines of moving vehicles.
(b) In no event may a vehicle be passed by driving off the pavement or main-traveled portion of the roadway. (Added 1971, No. 258 (Adj. Sess.), § 3, eff. March 1, 1973.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 23 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 13 - Operation of Vehicles › § 1035. Limitations

§ 1035. Limitations
(a) A vehicle shall not be driven to the left side of the center of the roadway in overtaking and passing another vehicle or a vulnerable user proceeding in the same direction unless authorized by the provisions of this chapter and unless the left side is clearly visible and free of oncoming traffic and vulnerable users for a sufficient distance ahead to permit overtaking and passing to be completed without interfering with the operation of any vehicle or with any vulnerable user approaching from the opposite direction, or with the operation of any vehicle or with any vulnerable user overtaken. In every event, the overtaking vehicle shall return to an authorized lane of travel as soon as practicable and, if the passing movement involves the use of a lane authorized for vehicles approaching from the opposite direction, before coming within 200 feet of any approaching vehicle or a vulnerable user.
(b) A vehicle shall not pass another from the rear under any of the following conditions:
(1) when approaching or upon the crest of a grade or upon a curve in the highway where the driver’s view is in any way obstructed;
(2) when approaching within 100 feet of, or traversing, any intersection or railroad grade crossing unless otherwise indicated by official traffic control devices; or
(3) when the view is obstructed upon approaching within 100 feet of any bridge, viaduct, or tunnel.
(c) The foregoing limitations do not apply upon a one-way roadway, or when subdivision 1031(a)(2) of this title applies, or where a vehicle is turning left into an alley, private road, or driveway. (Added 1971, No. 258 (Adj. Sess.), § 3, eff. March 1, 1973; amended 1995, No. 73 (Adj. Sess.), § 2; 2015, No. 158 (Adj. Sess.), § 40.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 23 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 13 - Operation of Vehicles › § 1036. No-passing zones

§ 1036. No-passing zones
(a) The Traffic Committee is authorized to determine those portions of any highway under its jurisdiction where overtaking and passing or driving on the left side of the roadway would be especially hazardous and may, by appropriate signs indicate the beginning and end of the zones, and when the signs are in place and clearly visible to an ordinarily observant person, every driver of a vehicle shall obey the directions.
(b) Where signs are in place to define a no-passing zone as set forth in subsection (a) of this section, no driver shall at any time drive to the left of the center of the roadway within the no-passing zone.
(c) Restrictions imposed under this section do not apply when subdivision 1031(a)(2) of this title applies, or where a vehicle is turning left into an alley, private road, or driveway. (Added 1971, No. 258 (Adj. Sess.), § 3, eff. March 1, 1973.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 23 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 13 - Operation of Vehicles › § 1037. One-way roadways and rotaries

§ 1037. One-way roadways and rotaries
(a) The Traffic Committee may designate any highway or any separate roadway under its jurisdiction for one-way traffic and shall erect appropriate signs giving notice thereof.
(b) Upon a roadway designated and signposted for one-way traffic, a vehicle shall be driven only in the direction designated.
(c) A vehicle passing around a rotary traffic island shall be driven only to the right of the island. (Added 1971, No. 258 (Adj. Sess.), § 3, eff. March 1, 1973.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 23 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 13 - Operation of Vehicles › § 1038. Driving on roadways laned for traffic

§ 1038. Driving on roadways laned for traffic
Whenever any roadway has been divided into two or more clearly marked lanes for traffic, the following rules shall apply in addition to all others consistent therewith:
(1) A vehicle shall only be driven, as nearly as practicable, entirely within a single lane and shall not be moved from that lane until the driver has first ascertained that the movement can be made with safety.
(2) Upon a roadway that is divided into three lanes and provides for two-way movement of traffic, a vehicle may be driven in the center lane only when overtaking and passing another vehicle traveling in the same direction when the center lane is clear of traffic within a safe distance, or in preparation for making a left turn, or where the center lane is at the time allocated exclusively to traffic moving in the same direction that the vehicle is proceeding and the allocation is designated by official traffic-control devices.
(3) Official traffic-control devices may be erected directing specified traffic to use a designated lane or designating those lanes to be used by traffic moving in a particular direction regardless of the center of the roadway, and drivers of vehicles shall obey the directions of the signs.
(4) Official traffic-control devices may be installed prohibiting the changing of lanes on sections of roadway, and drivers of vehicles shall obey the directions of these devices. (Added 1971, No. 258 (Adj. Sess.), § 3, eff. March 1, 1973.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 23 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 13 - Operation of Vehicles › § 1039. Following too closely, crowding, and harassment

§ 1039. Following too closely, crowding, and harassment
(a) The driver of a vehicle shall not follow another vehicle more closely than is reasonable and prudent, having due regard for the speed of the vehicles and the traffic upon, and the conditions of, the highway. The operator of a vehicle shall not, in a careless or imprudent manner, approach, pass, or maintain speed unnecessarily close to a vulnerable user as defined in subdivision 4(81) of this title, and an occupant of a vehicle shall not throw any object or substance at a vulnerable user.
(b) The driver of any vehicle, when traveling upon a roadway outside a business or residential district and which is following another vehicle, shall, whenever conditions permit, leave sufficient space so that an overtaking vehicle may enter and occupy the space without danger, except that this shall not prevent a vehicle from overtaking and passing any other vehicle.
(c) Vehicles being driven upon any roadway in a caravan or motorcade, other than a funeral procession, shall be so operated as to allow sufficient space between each vehicle or combination of vehicles so as to enable any other vehicle to enter and occupy the space without danger. (Added 1971, No. 258 (Adj. Sess.), § 3, eff. March 1, 1973; amended 2009, No. 114 (Adj. Sess.), § 3.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 23 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 13 - Operation of Vehicles › § 1040. Driving on divided highways

§ 1040. Driving on divided highways
Whenever any highway is divided into two or more roadways by leaving an intervening space or by a physical barrier or clearly indicated dividing section so constructed as to impede vehicular traffic, every vehicle may be driven only upon the right-hand roadway unless directed or permitted to use another roadway by official traffic-control devices or police officers. No vehicle shall be driven over, across, or within any dividing space, barrier, or section. A vehicle may be driven through an opening in a physical barrier or dividing section or space or at a crossover or intersection as established, unless specifically prohibited by public authority. (Added 1971, No. 258 (Adj. Sess.), § 3, eff. March 1, 1973.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 23 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 13 - Operation of Vehicles › § 1041. Restricted access roadways

§ 1041. Restricted access roadways
No person may drive a vehicle onto or from any controlled-access roadway except at entrances and exits established by public authority. (Added 1971, No. 258 (Adj. Sess.), § 3, eff. March 1, 1973.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 23 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 13 - Operation of Vehicles › § 1042. Restricting the use of town highways

§ 1042. Restricting the use of town highways
(a) The legislative body of a municipality may, with the approval of the Secretary of Transportation, designate highways and bridges under its control, except for class 1 town highways, for use by specified types of motor vehicles based on volume and type of traffic and character of the neighborhood. However, when the legislative body of a municipality requests in writing, the Secretary of Transportation may set the weight limit on a class 1 town highway at less than the State highway limit under section 1392 of this title if a reasonable alternative route is available for those vehicles traveling at the State highway limit. When a highway or bridge has been so restricted, signs shall be placed in accordance with the provisions of section 1397 of this title.
(b) In making the determination as to whether a reasonable alternative route is available, the Secretary of Transportation shall, at a minimum, consider the following factors:
(1) whether the alternative routing will reduce or relieve traffic congestion in a downtown area;
(2) whether the alternative routing will enhance safety;
(3) the length of the alternative route and any increase in time made necessary by use of the alternative route; and
(4) whether an adverse effect has been created relative to the quiet enjoyment and property values of persons living along the alternative route.
(c) Any decision of the Secretary made under this section may be appealed, in writing, to the Transportation Board within 30 days of the Secretary’s decision. The Transportation Board shall decide the question within 45 days of receipt of the appeal, and may take evidence or testimony.
(d) [Repealed.] (Added 1989, No. 121, § 20b, eff. June 22, 1989; amended 1995, No. 119 (Adj. Sess.), § 3; 1999, No. 154 (Adj. Sess.), § 16; 2007, No. 164 (Adj. Sess.), § 63; 2019, No. 131 (Adj. Sess.), § 175; 2021, No. 20, § 239; 2021, No. 105 (Adj. Sess.), § 418, eff. July 1, 2022.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 23 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 13 - Operation of Vehicles › § 1043. Operation of neighborhood electric vehicles

§ 1043. Operation of neighborhood electric vehicles
(a) Except as provided in subsections (b) and (c) of this section, the operator of a neighborhood electric vehicle may not operate the vehicle on a highway with a speed limit in excess of 35 miles per hour.
(b) The Traffic Committee for State highways or the legislative body of a municipality for town highways may prohibit the use of neighborhood electric vehicles on highways under their jurisdiction when deemed to be in the interest of public safety.
(c)(1) The operator of a neighborhood electric vehicle may cross a highway that has a speed limit of 50 miles per hour or less if the crossing begins and ends on a highway authorized for use by these vehicles, and there is an intersection that is controlled by traffic control signals.
(2) Notwithstanding the provisions of this subsection, the Traffic Committee or the legislative body of a municipality may prohibit the operator of a neighborhood electric vehicle from traversing an intersection under their respective jurisdictions when the prohibition is deemed to be in the best interests of public safety. A prohibition shall become effective when appropriate signs giving notice are erected at the crossing.
(d) [Repealed.] (Added 2003, No. 8, § 3; amended 2013, No. 89, § 23; 2019, No. 131 (Adj. Sess.), § 176.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 23 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 13 - Operation of Vehicles › § 1046. Vehicle approaching or entering intersection

§ 1046. Vehicle approaching or entering intersection
(a) When two vehicles approach or enter an intersection from different highways at approximately the same time, the driver of the vehicle on the left shall yield the right of way to the vehicle on the right.
(b) The right-of-way rule declared in subsection (a) of this section is modified at through highways as otherwise provided in this chapter and as follows:
(1) Whenever enforcement officers are present they have the full power to regulate traffic.
(2) Operators shall approach and enter intersecting highways slowly, with due care to avoid crashes. (Added 1971, No. 258 (Adj. Sess.), § 3, eff. March 1, 1973; amended 2019, No. 131 (Adj. Sess.), § 177.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 23 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 13 - Operation of Vehicles › § 1047. Vehicle turning left

§ 1047. Vehicle turning left
(a) The driver of a vehicle intending to turn to the left within an intersection or into an alley, private road, or driveway shall yield the right of way to any vehicle approaching from the opposite direction that is either within the intersection or so close as to constitute an immediate hazard.
(b) A person operating a vehicle shall not turn left unless the turn can be made at a safe distance from a vulnerable user. A person who violates this section shall be subject to a civil penalty of not less than $200.00. (Added 1971, No. 258 (Adj. Sess.), § 3, eff. March 1, 1973; amended 2015, No. 158 (Adj. Sess.), § 42.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 23 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 13 - Operation of Vehicles › § 1048. Stop or yield intersections

§ 1048. Stop or yield intersections
(a) Preferential right of way at an intersection may be indicated by “stop” signs or “yield” signs.
(b) Except when directed to proceed by an enforcement officer or traffic-control signal, every driver of a vehicle approaching a stop intersection indicated by a stop sign shall stop at a clearly marked stop line, but if none, before entering the crosswalk on the near side of the intersection, or, if none, then at the point nearest the intersecting roadway where the driver has a view of approaching traffic on the intersecting roadway before entering the intersection. After having stopped, the driver shall yield the right of way to any vehicle that has entered the intersection from another highway or that is approaching so closely on said highway as to constitute an immediate hazard during the time when such driver is moving across or within the intersection.
(c) The driver of a vehicle approaching a yield sign shall in obedience to the yield sign slow down to a speed reasonable for the existing conditions and, if required for safety to stop, shall stop before entering the crosswalk on the near side of the intersection, or, if none, then at the point nearest the intersecting roadway where the driver has a view of approaching traffic on the intersecting roadway. After slowing or stopping, the driver shall yield the right of way to any vehicle in the intersection or approaching on another highway so closely as to constitute an immediate hazard during the time the driver is moving across or within the intersection. However, if the driver is involved in a collision with a vehicle in the intersection, after driving past a yield sign without stopping, the collision shall be deemed prima facie evidence of the driver’s failure to yield right of way. (Added 1971, No. 258 (Adj. Sess.), § 3, eff. March 1, 1973; amended 1995, No. 73 (Adj. Sess.), § 3.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 23 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 13 - Operation of Vehicles › § 1049. Vehicle entering from private road

§ 1049. Vehicle entering from private road
The driver of a vehicle about to enter or cross a highway from an alley, building, private road, or driveway shall yield the right of way to all vehicles and vulnerable users approaching on the highway. (Added 1971, No. 258 (Adj. Sess.), § 3, eff. March 1, 1973; amended 2015, No. 158 (Adj. Sess.), § 41.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 23 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 13 - Operation of Vehicles › § 1050. Operation on approach of law enforcement and emergency vehicles or when approaching stationary law enforcement and emergency vehicles or work zone

§ 1050. Operation on approach of law enforcement and emergency vehicles or when approaching stationary law enforcement and emergency vehicles or work zone
(a) Approach of law enforcement and emergency vehicles. Upon the approach of a law enforcement vehicle sounding a siren or displaying a blue or blue and white signal lamp, or both, or upon the approach of an ambulance, fire apparatus, vehicle operated by a volunteer firefighter, EMS personnel, or motor vehicle used in rescue operations as set forth in section 1252 of this title sounding a siren or displaying a red or red and white signal lamp, or both, all other vehicles shall pull to the right of the lane of traffic and come to a complete stop until the law enforcement or emergency vehicle has passed.
(b) Approaching law enforcement, emergency, and towing and repair vehicles. The operator of a vehicle approaching a stationary law enforcement vehicle displaying a blue or blue and white signal lamp; a stationary ambulance, fire apparatus, vehicle operated by a volunteer firefighter, or motor vehicle used in rescue operations as set forth in section 1252 of this title displaying a red or red and white signal lamp; or a stationary towing and repair vehicle displaying an amber signal lamp shall proceed with caution and, if traveling on a multilane highway and safety conditions permit, make a lane change into a lane farther away from the stationary vehicle. If the operator of the approaching vehicle must remain in the lane adjacent to the stationary vehicle, then the operator shall slow down to a reasonable, safe, and prudent speed given the safety conditions and posted speed limit.
(c) Approaching work zone. The operator of a vehicle approaching a properly designated work zone shall proceed with caution and slow down to a reasonable, safe, and prudent speed given the safety conditions and posted speed limit. If workers are only present on one side of a multilane highway and safety conditions permit, the operator shall remain in or make a lane change into a lane farther away from the workers.
(d) Authority of law enforcement. This section does not relieve the operator of an authorized law enforcement or emergency vehicle from the duty to drive with due regard for the safety of all persons using the highway or the authority of law enforcement to regulate traffic irrespective of the foregoing provisions. (Added 1971, No. 258 (Adj. Sess.), § 3, eff. March 1, 1973; amended 2001, No. 84 (Adj. Sess.), § 1; 2005, No. 175 (Adj. Sess.), § 54; 2019, No. 149 (Adj. Sess.), § 36.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 23 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 13 - Operation of Vehicles › § 1050a. Authorized highway maintenance vehicles

§ 1050a. Authorized highway maintenance vehicles
(a) As used in this section, “authorized vehicle” means a vehicle authorized by the Agency of Transportation (in the case of State highways) or the municipality (in the case of town highways) to perform maintenance on a highway.
(b) The driver of a vehicle shall yield the right of way to any authorized vehicle obviously and actually engaged in work upon a highway when the vehicle displays flashing lights meeting the requirements of subsection 1252(b) of this title. (Added 2007, No. 164 (Adj. Sess.), § 37.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 23 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 13 - Operation of Vehicles › § 1051. Pedestrians’ right of way in crosswalks

§ 1051. Pedestrians’ right of way in crosswalks
(a) If traffic-control signals are not in operation, the driver of a vehicle shall yield the right of way, slowing down or stopping if necessary, to a pedestrian crossing the roadway within a crosswalk.
(b) No pedestrian may suddenly leave a curb or other place of safety and walk or run into the path of a vehicle that is so close that it is impossible for a driver to yield.
(c) If any vehicle is stopped at a marked crosswalk or at any unmarked crosswalk at an intersection to permit a pedestrian to cross the roadway, the driver of any other vehicle approaching from the rear may not overtake and pass the stopped vehicle. (Added 1971, No. 258 (Adj. Sess.), § 3, eff. March 1, 1973; amended 1985, No. 138 (Adj. Sess.), § 6.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 23 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 13 - Operation of Vehicles › § 1052. Crossing except at crosswalks

§ 1052. Crossing except at crosswalks
(a) Every pedestrian crossing a roadway at any point other than within a marked crosswalk shall yield the right of way to all vehicles upon the roadway.
(b) Every pedestrian crossing a roadway at a point where a pedestrian tunnel or overhead pedestrian crossing has been provided shall yield the right of way to all vehicles upon the roadway.
(c) Between adjacent intersections at which traffic-control signals are in operation, pedestrians shall not cross at any place except in a marked crosswalk.
(d) No pedestrian may cross a roadway intersection diagonally unless authorized by official traffic control devices or an enforcement officer. When authorized to cross diagonally, pedestrians may cross only in accordance with the official traffic control devices or signal of an enforcement officer. (Added 1971, No. 258 (Adj. Sess.), § 3, eff. March 1, 1973; amended 2003, No. 151 (Adj. Sess.), § 6.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 23 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 13 - Operation of Vehicles › § 1054. Pedestrians to use right half of crosswalks

§ 1054. Pedestrians to use right half of crosswalks
Pedestrians may move, whenever practicable, upon the right half of crosswalks only. (Added 1971, No. 258 (Adj. Sess.), § 3, eff. March 1, 1973.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 23 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 13 - Operation of Vehicles › § 1055. Pedestrians on roadways

§ 1055. Pedestrians on roadways
(a) Where public sidewalks are provided, no person may walk along or upon an adjacent roadway.
(b) Where public sidewalks are not provided, any pedestrian walking along and upon a highway shall, when practicable, walk only on the left side of the roadway or its shoulder facing the direction of possible oncoming traffic. (Added 1971, No. 258 (Adj. Sess.), § 3, eff. March 1, 1973.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 23 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 13 - Operation of Vehicles › § 1056. Highway solicitations

§ 1056. Highway solicitations
(a) Except as provided in subsection (b) of this section, no person may stand within the roadway of a highway as defined in subdivision 4(32) of this title for the purpose of soliciting a ride, contributions, employment, or business from the occupant of any vehicle.
(b) Not-for-profit and municipal organizations may solicit contributions on the roadway of a highway, other than limited access highways, provided that approval is granted by the local legislative body, and the legislative body ensures that there is in effect a policy of liability insurance providing adequate coverage for the municipality. Approval shall not be granted by the local legislative body if the proposed activities or location would, in the judgment of the legislative body, create a safety hazard or cause undue traffic congestion. No solicitations on the roadway may be done by any person under 16 years of age.
(c) No person may stand within the portion of the highway right of way used for highway purposes for the purpose of soliciting the watching or guarding of any vehicle while parked or about to be parked on a street or highway. (Added 1971, No. 258 (Adj. Sess.), § 3, eff. March 1, 1973; amended 1973, No. 20, eff. March 7, 1973; 1989, No. 212 (Adj. Sess.).)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 23 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 13 - Operation of Vehicles › § 1057. Duty toward persons who are blind

§ 1057. Duty toward persons who are blind
(a) Whenever a pedestrian is crossing or attempting to cross a public street or highway, guided by a guide dog or carrying in a raised or extended position a cane or walking stick, white in color or white tipped with red, the driver of every vehicle approaching the intersection, or place where the pedestrian is attempting to cross, shall bring his or her vehicle to a full stop before arriving at the intersection or place of crossing and before proceeding shall take such precautions as may be necessary to avoid injuring the pedestrian.
(b) It is unlawful for any person, unless totally or partially blind or otherwise having a severe visual disability, while on any public street or highway, to carry in a raised or extended position a cane or walking stick that is white in color or white tipped with red.
(c) Nothing in this section deprives any person who is totally or partially blind or otherwise has a severe visual disability, not carrying a cane or walking stick and not being guided by a dog, of the rights and privileges conferred by law upon pedestrians crossing streets or highways, and the failure of any person who is totally or partially blind or otherwise has a severe visual disability to carry a cane or walking stick, or to be guided by a guide dog upon streets, highways, or sidewalks within this State, does not constitute and is not evidence of contributory negligence. (Added 1971, No. 258 (Adj. Sess.), § 3, eff. March 1, 1973; amended 2013, No. 96 (Adj. Sess.), § 146.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 23 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 13 - Operation of Vehicles › § 1058. Duties of pedestrians

§ 1058. Duties of pedestrians
All pedestrians shall obey the instructions of all traffic control devices which are applicable to them, and all instructions of enforcement officers relating to control of traffic. (Added 1971, No. 258 (Adj. Sess.), § 3, eff. March 1, 1973.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 23 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 13 - Operation of Vehicles › § 1061. Turning at intersections

§ 1061. Turning at intersections
A driver intending to turn at an intersection or into an alley, private road, or driveway shall proceed as follows:
(1) Right turn. Both the approach for a right turn and a right turn shall be made as close as practicable to the right-hand curb or edge of the roadway.
(2) Left turns on two-way roadways. At any intersection where traffic is permitted to move in both directions on each roadway entering the intersection, an approach for a left turn shall be made in that portion of the right half of the roadway nearest the centerline thereof and by passing to the right of such centerline where it enters the intersection and after entering the intersection the left turn shall be made so as to leave the intersection to the right of the centerline of the roadway being entered. Whenever practicable the left turn shall be made in that portion of the intersection to the left of the center of the intersection.
(3) Left turns on other than two-way roadways. At any intersection where traffic is restricted to one direction on one or more of the roadways, the driver of a vehicle intending to turn left at any such intersection shall approach the intersection in the extreme left-hand lane lawfully available to traffic moving in the direction of travel of such vehicle and after entering the intersection the left turn shall be made so as to leave the intersection, as nearly as practicable, in the left-hand lane lawfully available to traffic moving in such direction upon the roadway being entered. (Added 1971, No. 258 (Adj. Sess.), § 3, eff. March 1, 1973.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 23 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 13 - Operation of Vehicles › § 1062. Turning prohibited

§ 1062. Turning prohibited
No person shall turn a vehicle in order to proceed in the opposite direction on any curve, or upon the approach to or near the crest of a grade, where the vehicle cannot be seen by the driver of any other vehicle approaching from either direction for a distance of 500 feet. (Added 1971, No. 258 (Adj. Sess.), § 3, eff. March 1, 1973.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 23 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 13 - Operation of Vehicles › § 1063. Starting parked vehicles

§ 1063. Starting parked vehicles
No person shall move a vehicle that is stopped, standing, or parked unless the movement can be made with reasonable safety. (Added 1971, No. 258 (Adj. Sess.), § 3, eff. March 1, 1973.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 23 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 13 - Operation of Vehicles › § 1064. Signals required; general obligation to turn and move safely

§ 1064. Signals required; general obligation to turn and move safely
(a) Before changing direction or materially slackening speed, a driver shall give warning of his or her intention with the hand signals as provided in section 1065 of this title, or with a mechanical or lighting device approved by the Commissioner of Motor Vehicles. A bicyclist shall give such hand signals unless he or she cannot do so safely.
(b) A person shall not turn a vehicle at an intersection unless the vehicle is in proper position upon the roadway as required in section 1061 of this title, or turn a vehicle to enter an alley, private road, or driveway, or otherwise turn a vehicle from a direct course or move right or left upon a roadway unless such movement can be made with reasonable safety.
(c) A person shall not stop or suddenly decrease the speed of a vehicle without first giving an appropriate signal in the manner provided in this section to the driver of any vehicle immediately to the rear when there is opportunity to give such signal.
(d) A signal of intention to turn right or left when required shall be given continuously during not less than the last 100 feet traveled by the vehicle before turning. A bicyclist shall comply with this subsection unless he or she cannot do so safely.
(e) The signals provided for in section 1065 of this title shall be used to indicate an intention to turn, change lanes, or start from a parked position and may not be flashed on one side only on a parked or disabled vehicle, or flashed as a courtesy or “do pass” signal to operators of other vehicles approaching from the rear. (Added 1971, No. 258 (Adj. Sess.), § 3, eff. March 1, 1973; amended 2015, No. 158 (Adj. Sess.), § 43; 2017, No. 132 (Adj. Sess.), § 11.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 23 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 13 - Operation of Vehicles › § 1065. Hand signals

§ 1065. Hand signals
(a) A right or left turn shall not be made without first giving a signal of intention either by hand or by signal in accordance with section 1064 of this title. Except as provided in subsection (b) of this section, all signals to indicate change of speed or direction, when given by hand, shall be given from the left side of the vehicle and in the following manner:
(1) Left turn. — Hand and arm extended horizontally.
(2) Right turn. — Hand and arm extended upward.
(3) Stop or decrease speed. — Hand and arm extended downward.
(b) A person operating a bicycle may give a right-turn signal by extending the right hand and arm horizontally and to the right side of the bicycle. (Added 1971, No. 258 (Adj. Sess.), § 3, eff. March 1, 1973; amended 2009, No. 114 (Adj. Sess.), § 4, eff. May 20, 2010.)