reglab/statecodes huggingface dataset:
2023 Utah Code › Title 42 - Names › Chapter 3 - Registration of Farm Names › Section 1 - Commissioner of agriculture and food to register names.

42-3-1.
Commissioner of agriculture and food to register names.
Any owner of a farm in this state may have the name of his farm, together with a brief description of his lands to which such name applies, recorded in a register kept for the purpose in the office of the commissioner of agriculture and food, and the commissioner of agriculture and food shall furnish to such landowner a proper certificate setting forth such name and a brief description of such lands. When any name shall have been so recorded it shall not be recorded as the name of any other farm.
Amended by Chapter 82, 1997 General Session
2023 Utah Code › Title 42 - Names › Chapter 3 - Registration of Farm Names › Section 2 - Recording fee.

42-3-2.
Recording fee.
Any person having the name of the person's farm so recorded shall first pay to the commissioner of agriculture and food a fee determined by the commissioner pursuant to Section 63J-1-504. This fee shall be transmitted to the General Fund.
Amended by Chapter 183, 2009 General Session
2023 Utah Code › Title 42 - Names › Chapter 3 - Registration of Farm Names › Section 3 - Transfer of name.

42-3-3.
Transfer of name.
When any owner of a farm, the name of which has been recorded as provided in this chapter, transfers by deed or otherwise the whole of such farm, the transfer may include the registered name thereof; but, if the owner shall transfer only a portion of such farm, the registered name thereof shall not be deemed transferred, unless so stated in the conveyance.
No Change Since 1953
2023 Utah Code › Title 42 - Names › Chapter 3 - Registration of Farm Names › Section 4 - Cancellation by owner -- Fee.

42-3-4.
Cancellation by owner -- Fee.
When any owner of a registered farm desires to cancel its registered name, the owner shall write on the back of the certificate the following: "This name is canceled, and I hereby release all rights thereunder," and shall sign such statement in the presence of a witness and file the same in the office of the commissioner of agriculture and food. For such filing the commissioner of agriculture and food shall charge a fee determined by the commissioner pursuant to Section 63J-1-504, which shall be paid to the General Fund. The commissioner of agriculture and food shall, when such certificate so endorsed has been filed in the commissioner's office, write on the margin of the register of such name the word "canceled."
Amended by Chapter 183, 2009 General Session
2023 Utah Code › Title 42 - Names › Chapter 3 - Registration of Farm Names › Section 5 - Use of name by another -- Penalty.

Effective 5/8/2018
42-3-5.
Use of name by another -- Penalty.
It is a class B misdemeanor for any person other than the person in whose name a farm is registered to use such registered name for any other farm.
Amended by Chapter 148, 2018 General Session
2023 Utah Code › Title 43 - Negotiable Certificates › Chapter 1 - General Provisions › Section 1 - "Security receipt," "equipment trust certificate" defined.

43-1-1.
"Security receipt," "equipment trust certificate" defined.
For the purpose of this title:
The term "security receipt" means any writing in and by which the signer sets forth that the person named therein or the bearer, is entitled to receive a specified principal amount, par value, or number, of bonds, notes, debentures, shares of stock, voting-trust certificates for shares of stock, scrip or other security of any kind or character, identified or described therein, absolutely or when, as or if, received by the signer, or upon any other contingency stated or referred to therein.
The term "equipment trust certificate" means any writing in which the signer sets forth that the person named therein or the bearer is entitled to an interest in, or a share of, a specified principal amount, or par value in money, in a trust under an identified trust indenture, pursuant to the terms of which title to rolling stock or equipment for use by or on the line or route of a common carrier, or to vessels or other marine equipment, is held in trust for the benefit of all the holders of such interests or shares.
The character of any such security receipt, or equipment trust certificate, is not affected by including therein other provisions which do not limit the right of transfer or the negotiable quality thereof as in this title provided.
No Change Since 1953
2023 Utah Code › Title 43 - Negotiable Certificates › Chapter 1 - General Provisions › Section 2 - Transfer -- By delivery -- By endorsement -- Rights of transferee.

43-1-2.
Transfer -- By delivery -- By endorsement -- Rights of transferee.
Title to any security receipt, or equipment trust certificate, which by its terms entitles the bearer to the benefits thereof, may be transferred by delivery by any person in possession of the same, howsoever such possession may have been acquired.
Title to any security receipt, or equipment trust certificate, which by its terms entitles the person named therein to the benefits thereof, and which provides in substance that title thereto is transferable with the same effect as in the case of a negotiable instrument, may be transferred by delivery by any person in possession of the same, howsoever such possession may have been acquired, if endorsed in blank or, if it is endorsed to a specified person, by delivery by such other person.
A person to whom title is so transferred, who takes any such instrument for present or antecedent value, without notice of prior defenses, equities or claims of ownership enforceable against the transferor, shall have absolute title thereto free of any defenses enforceable against, or claims of ownership of, the signer or any prior holder. The holder of any such security receipt, or equipment trust certificate, unless the same has been endorsed in blank by such specified person, shall be deemed prima facie to have title thereto as aforesaid; but when it is shown that the title of any person who has negotiated such instrument is defective, the burden is on the holder to prove that he, or some person under whom he claims, acquired title as a holder for value and without notice as aforesaid.
The provisions of this section shall not be applicable to the transfer of any security receipt, or equipment trust certificate, when it is shown that such transfer was made after the date fixed therein for performance by the signer of his obligations thereunder, or, if no date is so fixed, after the expiration of a reasonable time after the happening of the contingency upon which the signer became obligated to perform.
No Change Since 1953
2023 Utah Code › Title 43 - Negotiable Certificates › Chapter 1 - General Provisions › Section 3 - Restrictive construction of title -- Effective date.

43-1-3.
Restrictive construction of title -- Effective date.
This title shall not be construed to limit or impair the negotiability or quasi negotiability, by agreement or otherwise, of any instrument whether or not defined herein. The provisions of this title shall apply only to instruments issued after the thirteenth day of May, 1929.
No Change Since 1953
2023 Utah Code › Title 45 - Publication and Broadcasting › Chapter 1 - Official Notices › Part 2 - Newspaper Publication Requirements › Section 201 - Newspapers "of general circulation" -- Requirements.

Effective 5/9/2017
45-1-201.
Newspapers "of general circulation" -- Requirements.
For the purpose of publishing notice required by Utah law, a "newspaper of general circulation" means a newspaper that:
(1) has a bona fide subscription list of not less than 200 subscribers in this state;
(2) has been published for 18 months or longer; and
(3)
(a) has been eligible for mailing under a United States Postal Service periodicals permit for at least 12 months; or
(b)
(i) publishes at least 12 issues in each year; and
(ii) is composed of, as a percentage of each issue's total content not including inserts and special sections, at least 25% content that:
(A) the newspaper receives no compensation to publish; and
(B) is of local or general interest.
Amended by Chapter 174, 2017 General Session
2023 Utah Code › Title 45 - Publication and Broadcasting › Chapter 1 - Official Notices › Part 3 - Supplemental Publication by Broadcast › Section 305 - Supplementary publication by broadcast -- Definitions.

45-1-305.
Supplementary publication by broadcast -- Definitions.
As used in this act:
(1) The word "broadcast" means the transmission of information by means of radio or television facilities.
(2) The word "notice" means any notice that is required by law to be published.
(3) The word "station" means any radio or television station licensed for commercial operation by the Federal Communications Commission.
Renumbered and Amended by Chapter 5, 2009 Special Session 1
Renumbered and Amended by Chapter 5, 2009 Special Session 1
2023 Utah Code › Title 45 - Publication and Broadcasting › Chapter 1 - Official Notices › Part 3 - Supplemental Publication by Broadcast › Section 306 - Notice given in broadcast -- Restrictions.

45-1-306.
Notice given in broadcast -- Restrictions.
(1) Any state or other public officer who is required by law to publish any notice may supplement publication of the notice by causing the time, place and nature of the notice to be broadcast at such times and intervals as determined suitable when in his judgment, the public interest is or will be served.
(2) The material broadcast shall include only the time, place, and nature of the notice.
(3) In the broadcast of any notice or material authorized under this act, no reference by name or the use of the voice or likeness of any person who is a candidate for elective public office at the time of the broadcast shall be allowed.
(4) Notices by political subdivisions of this state shall be made only by stations whose basic broadcast coverage encompasses the county or counties in which the notice is required to be given.
Renumbered and Amended by Chapter 5, 2009 Special Session 1
Renumbered and Amended by Chapter 5, 2009 Special Session 1
2023 Utah Code › Title 45 - Publication and Broadcasting › Chapter 1 - Official Notices › Part 3 - Supplemental Publication by Broadcast › Section 307 - Copy of notice broadcast retained by station.

45-1-307.
Copy of notice broadcast retained by station.
Each station which broadcasts any notice or material under this act shall retain a copy or transcript of the text or material broadcast for a period of six months after the broadcast. The copy shall be available for public review at reasonable times and places.
Renumbered and Amended by Chapter 5, 2009 Special Session 1
Renumbered and Amended by Chapter 5, 2009 Special Session 1
2023 Utah Code › Title 45 - Publication and Broadcasting › Chapter 1 - Official Notices › Part 3 - Supplemental Publication by Broadcast › Section 308 - Proof of broadcast.

45-1-308.
Proof of broadcast.
Proof of publication or broadcast of the notice or other material under this act shall be by affidavit of a duly authorized representative or agent of the broadcasting station.
Renumbered and Amended by Chapter 5, 2009 Special Session 1
Renumbered and Amended by Chapter 5, 2009 Special Session 1
2023 Utah Code › Title 45 - Publication and Broadcasting › Chapter 1 - Official Notices › Part 3 - Supplemental Publication by Broadcast › Section 309 - Rates of broadcasters.

45-1-309.
Rates of broadcasters.
Rates charged by broadcasters will be no greater than the lowest net rate charged for a like number of announcements by any other advertiser.
Renumbered and Amended by Chapter 5, 2009 Special Session 1
Renumbered and Amended by Chapter 5, 2009 Special Session 1
2023 Utah Code › Title 45 - Publication and Broadcasting › Chapter 2 - Libel › Section 1 - Retraction by newspapers -- Limit of recovery.

45-2-1.
Retraction by newspapers -- Limit of recovery.
If it shall appear on the trial of any action brought for the publication of any alleged libel in any newspaper published in this state that the alleged libel was published in good faith, that the publication thereof was due to mistake or misapprehension of the facts, and that a full and fair retraction of any statement therein alleged to be erroneous was published in the same type and in the same position on the same page as was the article complained of as libelous, in the next regular issue of such newspaper, or in case of a daily paper within three days, after service upon the publisher of such newspaper, at the principal office of its publication by the party aggrieved, of a written notice specifying the statement alleged to be erroneous, or, in case such notice is not served in the issue or within the time above specified after the filing of the complaint and service of the summons in said action, then the plaintiff shall recover only actual damages; provided, that if such libel was published in a Sunday edition, the publication of the retraction must have been in a Sunday edition within two weeks after the times above specified; provided further, that this section shall not apply in the case of any libel against any candidate for a public office at any election or primary, or any avowed candidate for nomination to any office before any political convention, unless the retraction of the charge was made editorially in a conspicuous manner at least five days before the holding of such election, primary or political convention in case such libelous article was published in a daily paper, or if published in a weekly paper, at least three days before the holding thereof, which editorial retraction shall be in lieu of any other retraction herein provided for.
No Change Since 1953
2023 Utah Code › Title 45 - Publication and Broadcasting › Chapter 2 - Libel › Section 1.5 - Actual damages -- Broadcast in good faith -- Retraction -- Time -- Candidate for public office.

45-2-1.5.
Actual damages -- Broadcast in good faith -- Retraction -- Time -- Candidate for public office.
(1) If it shall appear on the trial of any action brought for any alleged libel or slander on any radio or television broadcast originating in this state that the alleged libel or slander was broadcast in good faith, the broadcast thereof was due to mistake or misapprehension of the facts, and that a full and fair retraction of any statement therein alleged to be erroneous was broadcast on the same station and approximately the same time of day as was the alleged libel or slander, within three days after learning of the mistake or within three days after service upon the person broadcasting that libel or slander, by the party aggrieved, of a written notice specifying the statement alleged to be erroneous or, in case such notice is not served, in the manner and within the time above specified after the filing of the complaint and service of the summons in said action, then the plaintiff shall recover only actual damages.
(2) This section shall not apply in the case of any libel or slander against any candidate for a public office at any general or primary election, or any avowed candidate for nomination to any office before any political convention, unless the retraction of the charge was made in the same manner as provided for other retractions under this section within 24 hours of the time the person broadcasting that libel or slander became aware of the mistake, but in no case later than three days before the holding of such general or primary election or political convention. A written text of the retraction shall be made available to the candidate immediately after it has been broadcast. This retraction shall be in lieu of any other retraction herein provided for.
Enacted by Chapter 134, 1975 General Session
2023 Utah Code › Title 45 - Publication and Broadcasting › Chapter 2 - Libel › Section 2 - Libel and slander defined.

45-2-2.
Libel and slander defined.
As used in this chapter:
(1) "Libel" means a malicious defamation, expressed either by printing or by signs or pictures or the like, tending to blacken the memory of one who is dead, or to impeach the honesty, integrity, virtue or reputation, or publish the natural defects of one who is alive, and thereby to expose him to public hatred, contempt or ridicule.
(2) "Slander" means any libel communicated by spoken words.
Amended by Chapter 134, 1975 General Session
2023 Utah Code › Title 45 - Publication and Broadcasting › Chapter 2 - Libel › Section 3 - Privileged publication or broadcast defined.

45-2-3.
Privileged publication or broadcast defined.
A privileged publication or broadcast which shall not be considered as libelous or slanderous per se, is one made:
(1) In the proper discharge of an official duty.
(2) In any publication or broadcast of or any statement made in any legislative or judicial proceeding, or in any other official proceeding authorized by law.
(3) In a communication, without malice, to a person interested therein, by one who is also interested, or by one who stands in such relation to the person interested as to afford a reasonable ground for supposing the motive for the communication innocent, or who is requested by the person interested to give the information.
(4) By a fair and true report, without malice, of a judicial, legislative, or other public official proceeding, or of anything said in the course thereof, or of a charge or complaint made by any person to a public official, upon which a warrant shall have been issued or an arrest made.
(5) By a fair and true report, without malice, of the proceedings of a public meeting, if such meeting was lawfully convened for a lawful purpose and open to the public, or the publication or broadcast of the matter complained of was for the public benefit.
Amended by Chapter 134, 1975 General Session
2023 Utah Code › Title 45 - Publication and Broadcasting › Chapter 2 - Libel › Section 4 - Malice not inferred from publication.

45-2-4.
Malice not inferred from publication.
In the cases provided for in Subsections 45-2-3(3), (4) and (5), malice is not inferred from the communication or publication.
Amended by Chapter 20, 1995 General Session
2023 Utah Code › Title 45 - Publication and Broadcasting › Chapter 2 - Libel › Section 5 - Radio or television broadcasting station or network of stations.

45-2-5.
Radio or television broadcasting station or network of stations.
No person, firm, or corporation owning or operating a radio or television broadcasting station or network of stations shall be liable under the laws of libel, slander or defamation on account of having made its broadcasting facilities or network available to any person, whether a candidate for public office or any other person, or on account of having originated or broadcast a program for discussion of controversial or any other subjects, in the absence of proof of actual malice on the part of such owner or operator. In no event, however, shall any such owner or operator be held liable for any damages for any defamatory statement uttered over the facilities of such station or network by or on behalf of any candidate for public office.
Amended by Chapter 73, 1953 Special Session C
2023 Utah Code › Title 45 - Publication and Broadcasting › Chapter 2 - Libel › Section 6 - Right of station to require submission of matter intended to be broadcast.

45-2-6.
Right of station to require submission of matter intended to be broadcast.
Any person, firm, or corporation owning or operating a radio or television broadcasting station shall have the right, but shall not be compelled, to require the submission and permanent filing, in such station, of a copy of the complete address, script, or other form of expression, intended to be broadcast over such station before the time of the intended broadcast thereof.
Amended by Chapter 73, 1953 Special Session C
2023 Utah Code › Title 45 - Publication and Broadcasting › Chapter 2 - Libel › Section 7 - Limitations and restrictions -- Immune from liability -- Due care.

45-2-7.
Limitations and restrictions -- Immune from liability -- Due care.
Except as provided in Section 45-2-1.5, nothing in this act contained shall be construed to relieve any person broadcasting over a radio or television station from liability under the law of libel, slander, or defamation. Nor shall anything else in this act be construed to relieve any person, firm, or corporation owning or operating a radio or television broadcasting station or network from liability under the law of libel, slander, or defamation on account of any broadcast prepared or made by any such person, firm, or corporation or by any officer or employee thereof in the course of his employment. In no event, however, shall any such person, firm, or corporation be liable for any damages for any defamatory statement or act published or uttered in or as a part of a visual or sound broadcast unless it shall be alleged and proved by the complaining party that such person, firm, or corporation has failed to exercise due care to prevent the publication or utterance of such statement or act in such broadcast. Bona fide compliance with any federal law or the regulation of any federal regulatory agency shall be deemed to constitute such due care as hereinabove mentioned.
Amended by Chapter 134, 1975 General Session
2023 Utah Code › Title 45 - Publication and Broadcasting › Chapter 2 - Libel › Section 8 - Liability in case of joint operation.

45-2-8.
Liability in case of joint operation.
In any case where liability shall exist on account of any broadcast where two or more broadcasting or television stations were connected together simultaneously or by transcription, film, metal tape, or other approved or adapted use for joint operation, in the making of such broadcast, such liability shall be confined and limited solely to the person, firm, or corporation owning or operating the radio or television station which originated such broadcast.
Amended by Chapter 73, 1953 Special Session C
2023 Utah Code › Title 45 - Publication and Broadcasting › Chapter 2 - Libel › Section 10 - Privileged broadcasts.

45-2-10.
Privileged broadcasts.
A privileged broadcast which shall not be considered as libelous, slanderous, or defamatory per se, is one made:
(1) In the proper discharge of an official duty.
(2) In any broadcast of or any statement made in any legislative or judicial proceeding, or in any other official proceeding authorized by law.
(3) By a fair and true report, without malice of a judicial, legislative or other public official proceeding, or of anything said in the course thereof, or of a charge or complaint made by any person to a public official, upon which a warrant shall have been issued or an arrest made.
(4) By a fair and true report, without malice, of the proceedings of a public meeting, if such meeting was lawfully convened, for a lawful purpose and open to the public or the broadcast of the matter complained of was for the public benefit.
No Change Since 1953
2023 Utah Code › Title 45 - Publication and Broadcasting › Chapter 3 - Abuse of Personal Identity Act › Section 2 - Definitions.

45-3-2.
Definitions.
As used in this act:
(1) "Advertisement" means a notice designed to attract public attention or patronage and includes a list of supporters for a particular cause.
(2) "Cause the publication" means that a person prepares or requests another to prepare an advertisement of the type described in Subsection 45-3-3(1), and that person submits or requests another to submit the advertisement to a publisher, and the advertisement has been published.
(3)
(a) "Consent" means a person's voluntary agreement to the use of that person's name, title, picture, or portrait.
(b) "Consent" may not be inferred by the failure of the person to request that the person's name, title, picture, or portrait not be used or that the person's name be removed from a mailing or supporter list.
(4) "Individual" means a natural person.
(5) "Person" means any natural person, firm, partnership, association, corporation, joint venture, or any other form of business organization or arrangement, and the agents or representatives of such persons.
(6) "Personal identity" means an individual's name, title, picture, or portrait.
(7) "Publish" means that a person provides the instrumentality through which an advertisement is communicated to the public at large or to a significant portion thereof.
Amended by Chapter 146, 1999 General Session
2023 Utah Code › Title 45 - Publication and Broadcasting › Chapter 3 - Abuse of Personal Identity Act › Section 3 - Acts constituting abuse -- Permitting prosecution.

Effective 5/3/2023
45-3-3.
Acts constituting abuse -- Permitting prosecution.
(1) Except for purposes of the criminal penalty in Section 76-9-407, the personal identity of an individual is abused if:
(a) an advertisement is published in which the personal identity of that individual is used in a manner which expresses or implies that the individual approves, endorses, has endorsed, or will endorse the specific subject matter of the advertisement; and
(b) consent has not been obtained for such use from the individual, or if the individual is a minor, then consent of one of the minor's parents or consent of the minor's legally appointed guardian.
(2) Nothing in this part prohibits prosecution of abuse of personal identity under Section 76-9-407.
(3) The personal identity of an individual is not abused if the individual's personal data or publicly available information:
(a) was lawfully obtained;
(b) is used to preview, advertise, or promote the sale of a product, service, or subscription, including the sale of a product, service, or subscription of which the individual's personal data or publicly available information is or may be a part; and
(c) is not used in a way that expresses or implies that the individual approves, endorses, has endorsed, or will endorse the product, service, or subscription being previewed, advertised, or promoted.
Amended by Chapter 424, 2023 General Session
2023 Utah Code › Title 45 - Publication and Broadcasting › Chapter 3 - Abuse of Personal Identity Act › Section 4 - Cause of action for abuse -- Remedies.

45-3-4.
Cause of action for abuse -- Remedies.
An individual whose personal identity has been abused under Section 45-3-3 of this act may bring an action against a person who caused the publication of the advertisement, and is entitled to injunctive relief, damages alleged and proved, exemplary damages, and reasonable attorney's fees and costs.
Enacted by Chapter 95, 1981 General Session
2023 Utah Code › Title 45 - Publication and Broadcasting › Chapter 3 - Abuse of Personal Identity Act › Section 5 - Action against publisher -- Grounds -- Remedies.

45-3-5.
Action against publisher -- Grounds -- Remedies.
(1) An individual whose personal identity has been abused under Section 45-3-3 of this act may bring an action against a person who published the advertisement:
(a) if the advertisement, on its face is such that a reasonable person would conclude that it is unlikely that an individual would consent to such use; and
(b) the publisher did not take reasonable steps to assure that consent was obtained.
(2) In an action under this section, the plaintiff shall be entitled to injunctive relief, damages alleged and proved, exemplary damages, and reasonable attorney's fees and costs.
Enacted by Chapter 95, 1981 General Session
2023 Utah Code › Title 46 - Notarization and Authentication of Documents, Electronic Signatures, and Legal Material › Chapter 1 - Notaries Public Reform Act › Section 3.5 - Remote notary qualifications -- Application -- Authority.

Effective 11/1/2019
46-1-3.5.
Remote notary qualifications -- Application -- Authority.
(1) An individual commissioned as a notary, or an individual applying to be commissioned as a notary, under Section 46-1-3 may apply to the lieutenant governor for a remote notary certification under this section.
(2) The lieutenant governor shall certify an individual to perform remote notarizations as a remote notary if the individual:
(a) complies with Section 46-1-3 to become a commissioned notary;
(b) submits to the lieutenant governor, on a form created by the lieutenant governor, a correctly completed application for a remote notary certification; and
(c) pays to the lieutenant governor the application fee described in Subsection (4).
(3) The lieutenant governor shall ensure that the application described in Subsection (2)(b) requires an applicant to:
(a) list the applicant's name as it appears or will appear on the applicant's notarial commission;
(b) agree to comply with the provisions of this chapter, and rules made under Section 46-1-3.7, that relate to a remote notarization; and
(c) provide the applicant's email address.
(4) The lieutenant governor may establish and charge a fee in accordance with Section 63J-1-504 to an individual who seeks to obtain remote notary certification under this section.
Enacted by Chapter 192, 2019 General Session
2023 Utah Code › Title 46 - Notarization and Authentication of Documents, Electronic Signatures, and Legal Material › Chapter 1 - Notaries Public Reform Act › Section 3.6 - Remote notarization procedures.

Effective 11/1/2019
46-1-3.6.
Remote notarization procedures.
(1) A remote notary who receives a remote notary certification under Section 46-1-3.5 may perform a remote notarization if the remote notary is physically located in this state.
(2) A remote notary that performs a remote notarization for an individual that is not personally known to the remote notary shall, at the time the remote notary performs the remote notarization, establish satisfactory evidence of identity for the individual by:
(a) communicating with the individual using an electronic device or process that:
(i) allows the individual and remote notary to communicate with one another simultaneously by sight and sound; and
(ii) complies with rules made under Section 46-1-3.7; and
(b) requiring the individual to transmit to the remote notary an image of a form of identification described in Subsection 46-1-2(19)(a)(i)(A) or passport described in Subsection 46-1-2(19)(a)(i)(B) that is of sufficient quality for the remote notary to establish satisfactory evidence of identity.
(3)
(a) A remote notary shall create an audio and video recording of the performance of each remote notarization and store the recording in accordance with Sections 46-1-14 and 46-1-15.
(b) A remote notary shall take reasonable steps, consistent with industry standards, to ensure that any non-public data transmitted or stored in connection with a remote notarization performed by the remote notary is secure from unauthorized interception or disclosure.
(4) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, a remote notarization lawfully performed under this chapter satisfies any provision of state law that requires an individual to personally appear before, or be in the presence of, a notary at the time the notary performs a notarial act.
Enacted by Chapter 192, 2019 General Session
2023 Utah Code › Title 46 - Notarization and Authentication of Documents, Electronic Signatures, and Legal Material › Chapter 1 - Notaries Public Reform Act › Section 3.7 - Rulemaking authority for remote notarization.

Effective 11/1/2019
46-1-3.7.
Rulemaking authority for remote notarization.
(1) The director of elections in the Office of the Lieutenant Governor may make rules in accordance with Title 63G, Chapter 3, Utah Administrative Rulemaking Act, regarding standards for and types of:
(a) electronic software and hardware that a remote notary may use to:
(i) perform a remote notarization; and
(ii) keep an electronic journal under Section 46-1-13;
(b) public and proprietary data sources that a remote notary may use to establish satisfactory evidence of identity under Subsection 46-1-2(19)(b);
(c) dynamic knowledge-based authentication or biometric data analysis that a remote notary may use to establish satisfactory evidence of identity under Subsection 46-1-2(19)(a)(ii); and
(d) electronic seals a remote notary may use to complete an electronic notarial certificate.
(2) When making a rule under this section, the director of elections in the Office of the Lieutenant Governor shall review and consider standards recommended by one or more national organizations that address the governance or operation of notaries.
Enacted by Chapter 192, 2019 General Session
2023 Utah Code › Title 46 - Notarization and Authentication of Documents, Electronic Signatures, and Legal Material › Chapter 1 - Notaries Public Reform Act › Section 4 - Bond.

Effective 11/1/2019
46-1-4.
Bond.
(1) A notarial commission is not effective until:
(a) the notary named in the commission takes a constitutional oath of office and files a $5,000 bond with the lieutenant governor that:
(i) a licensed surety executes for a term of four years beginning on the commission's effective date and ending on the commission's expiration date; and
(ii) conditions payment of bond funds to any person upon the notary's misconduct while acting in the scope of the notary's commission; and
(b) the lieutenant governor approves the oath and bond described in Subsection (1)(a).
(2) In addition to the requirements described in Subsection (1), a remote notary certification described in Section 46-1-3.5 is not effective until:
(a) the notary named in the remote notary certification files with the lieutenant governor evidence that the notary has obtained $5,000 of bond coverage, in addition to the bond coverage described in Subsection (1)(a), that:
(i) a licensed surety executes for a term that begins on the certification's effective date and ends on the remote notary's commission's expiration date; and
(ii) conditions payment of bond funds to any person upon the remote notary's misconduct while acting in the scope of the remote notary's commission; and
(b) the lieutenant governor approves the additional bond coverage described in Subsection (2)(a).
Amended by Chapter 192, 2019 General Session
2023 Utah Code › Title 46 - Notarization and Authentication of Documents, Electronic Signatures, and Legal Material › Chapter 1 - Notaries Public Reform Act › Section 6 - Powers and limitations.

Effective 11/1/2019
46-1-6.
Powers and limitations.
(1) A notary may perform the following acts:
(a) a jurat;
(b) an acknowledgment;
(c) a signature witnessing;
(d) a copy certification; and
(e) an oath or affirmation.
(2) A notary may not:
(a) perform an act as a notary that is not described in Subsection (1); or
(b) perform an act described in Subsection (1) if the individual for whom the notary performs the notarial act is not in the presence of the notary at the time the notary performs the act.
Amended by Chapter 192, 2019 General Session
2023 Utah Code › Title 46 - Notarization and Authentication of Documents, Electronic Signatures, and Legal Material › Chapter 1 - Notaries Public Reform Act › Section 6.5 - Form of notarial certificate for document notarizations.

Effective 11/1/2019
46-1-6.5.
Form of notarial certificate for document notarizations.
(1) A correctly completed affidavit in substantially the form described in this section, that is included in or attached to a document, is sufficient for the completion of a notarization under this Title 46, Chapter 1, Notaries Public Reform Act.
(2)
(a) A notary shall ensure that a signer takes the following oath or makes the following affirmation before the notary witnesses the signature for a jurat:
"Do you swear or affirm under penalty of perjury that the statements in your document are true?"
(b) An affidavit for a jurat that is in substantially the following form is sufficient under Subsection (1):
"State of Utah
§
County of ____________
Subscribed and sworn to before me (notary public name), on this (date) day of (month), in the year (year), by (name of document signer).
( Notary's Official Seal) ____________________________________
Notary Signature".
(3) An affidavit for an acknowledgment that is in substantially the following form is sufficient under Subsection (1):
"State of Utah
§
County of ____________
On this (date) day of (month), in the year (year), before me (name of notary public), a notary public, personally appeared (name of document signer), proved on the basis of satisfactory evidence to be the person(s) whose name(s) (is/are) subscribed to in this document, and acknowledged (he/she/they) executed the same. ( Notary's Official Seal) ____________________________________
Notary Signature".
(4) An affidavit for a copy certification that is in substantially the following form is sufficient under Subsection (1):
"State of Utah
§
County of ____________
On this (date) day of (month), in the year (year), I certify that the preceding or attached document is a true, exact, and unaltered photocopy of (description of document), and that, to the best of my knowledge, the photocopied document is neither a public record nor a publicly recorded document.
( Notary's Official Seal) ____________________________________
Notary Signature".
(5) An affidavit for a signature witnessing that is in substantially the following form is sufficient under Subsection (1):
"State of Utah
§
County of ____________
On this (date) day of (month), in the year (year), before me, (name of notary public), personally appeared (name of document signer), proved to me through satisfactory evidence of identification, which was (form of identification), to be the person whose name is signed on the preceding or attached document in my presence.( Notary's Official Seal) ____________________________________
Notary Signature".
(6) A remote notary shall ensure that the notarial certificate described in this section that is used for a remote notarization includes a statement that the remote notary performed the notarization remotely.
Amended by Chapter 192, 2019 General Session
2023 Utah Code › Title 46 - Notarization and Authentication of Documents, Electronic Signatures, and Legal Material › Chapter 1 - Notaries Public Reform Act › Section 7 - Disqualifications.

Effective 8/31/2020
46-1-7.
Disqualifications.
A notary may not perform a notarial act if the notary:
(1) is a signer of the document that is to be notarized, except for:
(a) a self-proved will as provided in Section 75-2-504; or
(b) a self-proved electronic will as provided in Section 75-2-1408;
(2) is named in the document that is to be notarized except for:
(a) a self-proved will as provided in Section 75-2-504;
(b) a self-proved electronic will as provided in Section 75-2-1408;
(c) a licensed attorney that is listed in the document only as representing a signer or another person named in the document; or
(d) a licensed escrow agent, as defined in Section 31A-1-301, that:
(i) acts as the title insurance producer in signing closing documents; and
(ii) is not named individually in the closing documents as a grantor, grantee, mortgagor, mortgagee, trustor, trustee, vendor, vendee, lessor, lessee, buyer, or seller;
(3) will receive direct compensation from a transaction connected with a financial transaction in which the notary is named individually as a principal; or
(4) will receive direct compensation from a real property transaction in which the notary is named individually as a grantor, grantee, mortgagor, mortgagee, trustor, trustee, beneficiary, vendor, vendee, lessor, lessee, buyer, or seller.
Amended by Chapter 1, 2020 Special Session 6
2023 Utah Code › Title 46 - Notarization and Authentication of Documents, Electronic Signatures, and Legal Material › Chapter 1 - Notaries Public Reform Act › Section 8 - Impartiality.

46-1-8.
Impartiality.
(1) A notary may not influence a person to enter into or to refuse to enter into a lawful transaction involving a notarial act by the notary.
(2) A notary shall perform notarial acts in lawful transactions for any requesting person who tenders the appropriate fee specified in Section 46-1-12.
Repealed and Re-enacted by Chapter 287, 1998 General Session
2023 Utah Code › Title 46 - Notarization and Authentication of Documents, Electronic Signatures, and Legal Material › Chapter 1 - Notaries Public Reform Act › Section 9 - False or incomplete certificate.

46-1-9.
False or incomplete certificate.
A notary may not:
(1) execute a certificate containing a statement known by the notary to be false or materially incomplete; or
(2) perform any notarial act with intent to deceive or defraud.
Repealed and Re-enacted by Chapter 287, 1998 General Session
2023 Utah Code › Title 46 - Notarization and Authentication of Documents, Electronic Signatures, and Legal Material › Chapter 1 - Notaries Public Reform Act › Section 10 - Testimonials prohibited.

Effective 11/1/2019
46-1-10.
Testimonials prohibited.
A notary may not use the notary's title or official seal to endorse or promote any product, service, contest, or other offering.
Amended by Chapter 192, 2019 General Session
2023 Utah Code › Title 46 - Notarization and Authentication of Documents, Electronic Signatures, and Legal Material › Chapter 1 - Notaries Public Reform Act › Section 11 - Prohibited acts -- Advertising.

46-1-11.
Prohibited acts -- Advertising.
(1) A nonattorney notary may not provide advice or counsel to another person concerning legal documents or legal proceedings, including immigration matters.
(2)
(a)
(i) A nonattorney notary who advertises notarial services in any language other than English shall include in the advertisement a notice that the notary public is not an attorney.
(ii) The notice under Subsection (2)(a)(i) must include the fees that a notary may charge pursuant to Section 46-1-12 and the following statement:
"I AM NOT AN ATTORNEY LICENSED TO PRACTICE LAW IN UTAH AND MAY NOT GIVE LEGAL ADVICE ABOUT IMMIGRATION OR ANY OTHER LEGAL MATTER OR ACCEPT FEES FOR LEGAL ADVICE."
(b)
(i) The notice required by Subsection (2)(a) shall be in English and in the language of the advertisement and in letters of a conspicuous size.
(ii) If the advertisement is by radio or television, the statement may be modified, but must include substantially the same message.
(c)
(i) Literal translation of the phrase "Notary Public" into any language other than English is prohibited if the literal translation implies that the notary is a licensed attorney.
(ii) In this Subsection (2)(c), "literal translation" means the translation of a word or phrase without regard to the true meaning of the word or phrase in the language that is being translated.
Amended by Chapter 95, 2007 General Session
2023 Utah Code › Title 46 - Notarization and Authentication of Documents, Electronic Signatures, and Legal Material › Chapter 1 - Notaries Public Reform Act › Section 12 - Fees and notice.

Effective 11/1/2019
46-1-12.
Fees and notice.
(1)
(a) Except as provided in Subsection (1)(b), the maximum fees a notary may charge for notarial acts are:
(i) for an acknowledgment, $10 per signature;
(ii) for a certified copy, $10 per page certified;
(iii) for a jurat, $10 per signature;
(iv) for an oath or affirmation without a signature, $10 per person; and
(v) for each signature witnessing, $10.
(b) The maximum fee a remote notary may charge for an item described in Subsection (1)(a) that the remote notary performs as a part of a remote notarization is $25.
(2) A notary may charge a travel fee, not to exceed the approved federal mileage rate, when traveling to perform a notarial act if:
(a) the notary explains to the person requesting the notarial act that the travel fee is separate from the notarial fee in Subsection (1) and is neither specified nor mandated by law; and
(b) the notary and the person requesting the notarial act agree upon the travel fee in advance.
(3) A notary shall display an English-language schedule of fees for notarial acts and may display a nonEnglish-language schedule of fees.
(4)
(a) A notary may not charge a fee of more than $10 per individual for each set of forms relating to a change of that individual's immigration status.
(b) The fee limitation described in Subsection (4)(a) applies regardless of whether the notary is acting as a notary but does not apply to a licensed attorney, who is also a notary rendering professional services regarding immigration matters.
Amended by Chapter 192, 2019 General Session
2023 Utah Code › Title 46 - Notarization and Authentication of Documents, Electronic Signatures, and Legal Material › Chapter 1 - Notaries Public Reform Act › Section 13 - Notary journal.

Effective 11/1/2019
46-1-13.
Notary journal.
(1) A notary may keep, maintain, and protect as a public record, and provide for lawful inspection a chronological, permanently bound official journal of notarial acts, containing numbered pages.
(2) A remote notary shall keep a secure electronic journal of each remote notarization the notary performs.
Amended by Chapter 192, 2019 General Session
2023 Utah Code › Title 46 - Notarization and Authentication of Documents, Electronic Signatures, and Legal Material › Chapter 1 - Notaries Public Reform Act › Section 14 - Entries in journal -- Required information.

Effective 11/1/2019
46-1-14.
Entries in journal -- Required information.
(1) A notary may, for each notarial act the notary performs, and a remote notary shall, for each notarial act the remote notary performs remotely, record the following information in the journal described in Section 46-1-13 at the time of notarization:
(a) the date and time of day of the notarial act;
(b) the type of notarial act;
(c) the type title, or a description of the document, electronic record, or proceeding that is the subject of the notarial act;
(d) the signature and printed name and address of each individual for whom a notarial act is performed;
(e) the evidence of identity of each individual for whom a notarial act is performed, in the form of:
(i) a statement that the person is personally known to the notary;
(ii) a description of the identification document and the identification document's issuing agency, serial or identification number, and date of issuance or expiration;
(iii) the signature and printed name and address of a credible witness swearing or affirming to the person's identity; or
(iv) if used for a remote notarization, a description of the dynamic knowledge-based authentication or biometric data analysis that was used to provide satisfactory evidence of identity under Subsection 46-1-2(19)(a)(ii); and
(f) the fee, if any, the notary charged for the notarial act.
(2) A notary may record in the journal a description of the circumstances under which the notary refused to perform or complete a notarial act.
(3)
(a) A remote notary shall include with the journal a copy of the electronic recording of the remote notarization.
(b) The electronic recording is not a public record and is not a part of the notary's journal.
(4) A remote notary shall maintain, or ensure that a person that the notary designates as a custodian under Subsection 46-1-15(2)(b)(i) maintains, for a period of five years, the information described in Subsections (1) and (3) for each remote notarization the notary performs.
Amended by Chapter 192, 2019 General Session