2023 Tennessee Code › Title 35 - FIDUCIARIES AND TRUST ESTATES (§§ 35-1-101 — 35-50-125) › Chapter 15 - TENNESSEE UNIFORM TRUST CODE (§§ 35-15-101 — 35-15-1301) › Part 8 - DUTIES AND POWERS OF TRUSTEE (§§ 35-15-801 — 35-15-818) › Section 35-15-802 - Duty of loyalty

(a)
A trustee shall administer the trust solely in the interests of the beneficiaries as the beneficiaries' interests are defined under the terms of the trust.
(b)
Subject to the rights of persons dealing with or assisting the trustee as provided in §
35-15-1012
or as may otherwise be allowed under Tennessee law, a sale, encumbrance, or other transaction involving the investment or management of trust property entered into by the trustee for the trustee's own personal account or which is otherwise affected by a conflict between the trustee's fiduciary and personal interests is voidable by a beneficiary affected by the transaction unless:
(1)
The transaction was authorized by the terms of the trust;
(2)
The transaction was approved by the court;
(3)
The beneficiary did not commence a judicial proceeding within the time allowed by §
35-15-1005
;
(4)
The beneficiary consented to the trustee's conduct, ratified the transaction, or released the trustee in compliance with §
35-15-1009
; or
(5)
The transaction involves a contract entered into or claim acquired by the trustee before the person became or contemplated becoming trustee.
(c)
A sale, encumbrance, or other transaction involving the investment or management of trust property is presumed to be affected by a conflict between personal and fiduciary interests of the trustee if it is entered into by the trustee with:
(1)
The trustee's spouse;
(2)
The trustee's descendants, siblings, parents, or their spouses;
(3)
An agent or attorney of the trustee; or
(4)
A corporation or other person or enterprise in which the trustee, or a person that owns a significant interest in the trustee, has an interest that might affect the trustee's best judgment.
(d)
A transaction between a trustee and a beneficiary that does not concern trust property but that occurs during the existence of the trust or while the trustee retains significant influence over the beneficiary and from which the trustee obtains an advantage is voidable by the beneficiary unless the trustee establishes that the transaction was fair to the beneficiary.
(e)
A transaction not concerning trust property in which the trustee engages in the trustee's individual capacity involves a conflict between personal and fiduciary interests of the trustee if the transaction concerns an opportunity properly belonging to the trust.
(f)
In addition to all other permissible investments and delegatable duties listed in this title, so long as they are fairly priced and in accordance with the interest of the beneficiaries and the interests of the fiduciary's appointment and otherwise comply with chapter 14 of this title, a fiduciary may purchase, sell, hold or otherwise deal with an affiliate or an interest in an affiliated investment, as well as delegate to an affiliate or other agent associated with the fiduciary and, upon satisfaction of the conditions stated in subsection (h), such fiduciary may receive fiduciary compensation from such account at the same rate as the fiduciary would otherwise be entitled to be compensated. Such activities shall occur without any presumption of a conflict between personal and fiduciary interests of the trustee or other fiduciary.
(g)
As used in this section:
(1)
"Affiliate" means any corporation or other entity that directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries controls, is controlled by or is under common control with the fiduciary;
(2)
"Affiliated investment" means an investment for which the fiduciary or an affiliate of the fiduciary acts as adviser, administrator, distributor, placement agent, underwriter, broker or in any other capacity for which it receives or has received a fee or commission from such investment or an investment acquired or disposed of in a transaction for which the fiduciary or an affiliate of the fiduciary receives or has received a fee or commission. "Affiliated investment" also means an investment in an insurance contract purchased from an insurance agency owned by, or affiliated with, the fiduciary, or any of its affiliates;
(3)
"Delegate to an affiliate or associated agent" means a proper delegation of any duty of the fiduciary to any person or entity that is affiliated with, or associated with, the fiduciary. The action of doing any of the above shall be known as a "delegation to an affiliate or associated agent";
(4)
"Fee or commission" means compensation paid to a fiduciary or an affiliate thereof on account of its services to or on behalf of an investment;
(5)
For purposes of this section, "fiduciary" means any fiduciary as defined in §
35-15-103
, as well as any other fiduciary; and
(6)
"Investment" means any security as defined in § 2(a)(1) of the Securities Act of 1933 (
15 U.S.C. § 77b(a)(1)
), any contract of sale of a commodity for future delivery within the meaning of § 2(i) of the Commodity Exchange Act (
7 U.S.C. § 2(i)
), or any other asset permitted for fiduciary accounts pursuant to the terms of chapter 14 of this title or by the terms of the governing instrument, including by way of illustration and not limitation: shares or interests in a public or private investment fund, which shall include, but not be limited to, a public or private investment fund organized as a limited partnership, limited liability company, statutory or common law business trust, real estate investment trust, joint venture or other general or limited partnership; or an open-end or closed-end management type investment company or investment trust registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (
15 U.S.C. § 80a-1
et seq.).
(h)
A fiduciary seeking compensation pursuant to subsection (f) shall, as is applicable relative to the fiduciary's particular appointment, disclose either: to those persons entitled to be kept informed about the administration of a trust under §
35-15-813(a)(1)
, subject to §
35-15-813(d) and (e)
; to each principal in an agency relationship; or to all current recipients of statements of any other fiduciary account not described above; all fees or commissions paid or to be paid by the account, or received or to be received by an affiliate arising from such affiliated investment or delegation to an affiliate or associated agent. The disclosure required under this subsection (h) may be given either in a copy of the prospectus or any other disclosure document prepared for the affiliated investment under federal or state securities laws or in a written summary that includes all fees or commissions received or to be received by the fiduciary or any affiliate of the fiduciary and an explanation of the manner in which such fees or commissions are calculated, either as a percentage of the assets invested or by some other method. Such disclosure shall be made at least annually unless there has been no increase in the rate at which such fees or commissions are calculated since the most recent disclosure. Notwithstanding this subsection (h), no such disclosure is required if the governing instrument or a court order expressly authorizes the fiduciary to invest the fiduciary account in affiliated investments or to perform the delegation to an affiliate or associated agent.
(i)
A fiduciary that has complied with subsection (h), whether by making the applicable disclosure or by relying on the terms of a governing instrument or court order, shall have full authority to administer an affiliated investment, including the authority to vote proxies thereon, without regard to the affiliation between the fiduciary and the investment or the fiduciary and delegatee, as the case may be.
(j)
In voting shares of stock or in exercising powers of control over similar interests in other forms of enterprise, the trustee shall act in the best interests of the beneficiaries. If the trust is the sole owner of a corporation or other form of enterprise, the trustee shall elect or appoint directors or other managers who will manage the corporation or enterprise in the best interests of the beneficiaries.
(k)
This section does not preclude the following transactions, if fair to the beneficiaries:
(1)
An agreement between a trustee and a beneficiary relating to the appointment or compensation of the trustee;
(2)
Payment of reasonable compensation to the trustee;
(3)
A transaction between a trust and another trust, decedent's estate, or conservatorship of which the trustee is a fiduciary or in which a beneficiary has an interest;
(4)
A deposit of trust money in a regulated financial-service institution operated by the trustee; or
(5)
An advance by the trustee of money for the protection of the trust.
(l)
The court may appoint a special fiduciary to make a decision with respect to any proposed transaction that might violate this section if entered into by the trustee.
Amended by 2023 Tenn. Acts, ch. 166,s 11, eff. 4/17/2023.
Amended by 2013 Tenn. Acts, ch. 390, s 30, eff. 7/1/2013.
Acts 2004, ch. 537, § 61; 2010 , ch. 725, § 8.