reglab/statecodes huggingface dataset:
2023 Texas Statutes › Transportation Code › Title 7 - Vehicles and Traffic › Subtitle C - Rules of the Road › Chapter 552 - Pedestrians › Section 552.004. Pedestrian to Keep to Right

Sec. 552.004.  PEDESTRIAN TO KEEP TO RIGHT.  A pedestrian shall proceed on the right half of a crosswalk if possible.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
2023 Texas Statutes › Transportation Code › Title 7 - Vehicles and Traffic › Subtitle C - Rules of the Road › Chapter 552 - Pedestrians › Section 552.005. Crossing at Point Other Than Crosswalk

Sec. 552.005.  CROSSING AT POINT OTHER THAN CROSSWALK.  (a)  A pedestrian shall yield the right-of-way to a vehicle on the highway if crossing a roadway at a place:
(1)  other than in a marked crosswalk or in an unmarked crosswalk at an intersection;  or
(2)  where a pedestrian tunnel or overhead pedestrian crossing has been provided.
(b)  Between adjacent intersections at which traffic control signals are in operation, a pedestrian may cross only in a marked crosswalk.
(c)  A pedestrian may cross a roadway intersection diagonally only if and in the manner authorized by a traffic control device.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
2023 Texas Statutes › Transportation Code › Title 7 - Vehicles and Traffic › Subtitle C - Rules of the Road › Chapter 552 - Pedestrians › Section 552.006. Use of Sidewalk

Sec. 552.006.  USE OF SIDEWALK.  (a)  A pedestrian may not walk along and on a roadway if an adjacent sidewalk is provided and is accessible to the pedestrian.
(b)  If a sidewalk is not provided, a pedestrian walking along and on a highway shall walk on the left side of the roadway or the shoulder of the highway facing oncoming traffic, unless the left side of the roadway or the shoulder of the highway facing oncoming traffic is obstructed or unsafe.
(c)  The operator of a vehicle emerging from or entering an alley, building, or private road or driveway shall stop and yield the right-of-way to a pedestrian approaching on a sidewalk extending across the alley, building entrance or exit, road, or driveway.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.  Amended by Acts 2001, 77th Leg., ch. 497, Sec. 3, eff. June 11, 2001.
Amended by:
Acts 2021, 87th Leg., R.S., Ch. 944 (S.B. 1055), Sec. 6, eff. September 1, 2021.
Acts 2023, 88th Leg., R.S., Ch. 815 (H.B. 1277), Sec. 1, eff. September 1, 2023.
2023 Texas Statutes › Transportation Code › Title 7 - Vehicles and Traffic › Subtitle C - Rules of the Road › Chapter 552 - Pedestrians › Section 552.007. Solicitation by Pedestrians

Sec. 552.007.  SOLICITATION BY PEDESTRIANS.  (a)  A person may not stand in a roadway to solicit a ride, contribution, employment, or business from an occupant of a vehicle, except that a person may stand in a roadway to solicit a charitable contribution if authorized to do so by the local authority having jurisdiction over the roadway.
(b)  A person may not stand on or near a highway to solicit the watching or guarding of a vehicle parked or to be parked on the highway.
(c)  In this section, "charitable contribution" means a contribution to an organization defined as charitable by the standards of the United States Internal Revenue Service.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
2023 Texas Statutes › Transportation Code › Title 7 - Vehicles and Traffic › Subtitle C - Rules of the Road › Chapter 552 - Pedestrians › Section 552.0071. Local Authorization for Solicitation by Pedestrian

Sec. 552.0071.  LOCAL AUTHORIZATION FOR SOLICITATION BY PEDESTRIAN.  (a)  A local authority shall grant authorization for a person to stand in a roadway to solicit a charitable contribution as provided by Section 552.007(a) if the persons to be engaged in the solicitation are employees or agents of the local authority and the other requirements of this section are met.
(b)  A person seeking authorization under this section shall file a written application with the local authority not later than the 11th day before the date the solicitation is to begin. The application must include:
(1)  the date or dates and times when the solicitation is to occur;
(2)  each location at which solicitation is to occur; and
(3)  the number of solicitors to be involved in solicitation at each location.
(c)  This section does not prohibit a local authority from requiring a permit or the payment of reasonable fees to the local authority.
(d)  The applicant shall also furnish to the local authority advance proof of liability insurance in the amount of at least $1 million to cover damages that may arise from the solicitation.  The insurance must provide coverage against claims against the applicant and claims against the local authority.
(e)  A local authority, by acting under this section or Section 552.007, does not waive or limit any immunity from liability applicable under law to the local authority.  The issuance of an authorization under this section and the conducting of the solicitation authorized is a governmental function of the local authority.
(f)  Notwithstanding any provision of this section, the existing rights of individuals or organizations under Section 552.007 are not impaired.
(g)  For purposes of a solicitation under Subsection (a), a roadway is defined to include the roadbed, shoulder, median, curbs, safety zones, sidewalks, and utility easements located adjacent to or near the roadway.
Added by Acts 2005, 79th Leg., Ch. 12 (S.B. 245), Sec. 2, eff. May 3, 2005.
Amended by:
Acts 2007, 80th Leg., R.S., Ch. 333 (H.B. 3089), Sec. 1, eff. June 15, 2007.
2023 Texas Statutes › Transportation Code › Title 7 - Vehicles and Traffic › Subtitle C - Rules of the Road › Chapter 552 - Pedestrians › Section 552.008. Drivers to Exercise Due Care

Sec. 552.008.  DRIVERS TO EXERCISE DUE CARE.  Notwithstanding another provision of this chapter, the operator of a vehicle shall:
(1)  exercise due care to avoid colliding with a pedestrian on a roadway;
(2)  give warning by sounding the horn when necessary;  and
(3)  exercise proper precaution on observing a child or an obviously confused or incapacitated person on a roadway.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
2023 Texas Statutes › Transportation Code › Title 7 - Vehicles and Traffic › Subtitle C - Rules of the Road › Chapter 552 - Pedestrians › Section 552.009. Ordinances Relating to Pedestrians

Sec. 552.009.  ORDINANCES RELATING TO PEDESTRIANS.  A local authority may by ordinance:
(1)  require pedestrians to comply strictly with the directions of an official traffic control signal;  and
(2)  prohibit pedestrians from crossing a roadway in a business district or a designated highway except in a crosswalk.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
2023 Texas Statutes › Transportation Code › Title 7 - Vehicles and Traffic › Subtitle C - Rules of the Road › Chapter 552 - Pedestrians › Section 552.010. Blind Pedestrians

Sec. 552.010.  BLIND PEDESTRIANS.  (a)  No person may carry a white cane on a public street or highway unless the person is totally or partially blind.
(b)  The driver of a vehicle approaching an intersection or crosswalk where a pedestrian guided by an assistance animal or carrying a white cane is crossing or attempting to cross shall take necessary precautions to avoid injuring or endangering the pedestrian.  The driver shall bring the vehicle to a full stop if injury or danger can be avoided only by that action.
(c)  If it is shown on the trial of an offense under this section that as a result of the commission of the offense a collision occurred causing serious bodily injury or death to a blind person, the offense is a misdemeanor punishable by:
(1)  a fine of not more than $500; and
(2)  30 hours of community service to an organization or agency that primarily serves visually impaired or disabled persons, to be completed in not less than six months and not more than one year.
(c-1)  A portion of the community service required under Subsection (c)(2) shall include sensitivity training.
(d)  For the purposes of this section:
(1)  "Assistance animal" has the meaning assigned by Section 121.002, Human Resources Code.
(2)  "White cane" has the meaning assigned by Section 121.002, Human Resources Code.
(e)  If conduct constituting an offense under this section also constitutes an offense under another section of this code or the Penal Code, the actor may be prosecuted under either section or both sections.
Acts 1979, 66th Leg., p. 2428, ch. 842, art. 1, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1979.  Amended by Acts 1985, 69th Leg., ch. 278, Sec. 5, eff. June 5, 1985;  Acts 1997, 75th Leg., ch. 649, Sec. 8, eff. Sept. 1, 1997.
Renumbered from Human Resources Code, Section 121.007 and amended by Acts 2009, 81st Leg., R.S., Ch. 1272 (H.B. 1343), Sec. 1, eff. September 1, 2009.
2023 Texas Statutes › Transportation Code › Title 7 - Vehicles and Traffic › Subtitle C - Rules of the Road › Chapter 552 - Pedestrians › Section 552.011. Train Occupying Crossing

Sec. 552.011.  TRAIN OCCUPYING CROSSING.  A pedestrian may not move in front of, under, between, or through the cars of a moving or stationary train occupying any part of a railroad grade crossing.
Added by Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. 1247 (H.B. 2775), Sec. 1, eff. September 1, 2019.
2023 Texas Statutes › Transportation Code › Title 7 - Vehicles and Traffic › Subtitle C - Rules of the Road › Chapter 552A - Devices Subject to Pedestrian Laws › Subchapter A. Personal Delivery and Mobile Carrying Devices › Section 552A.0001. Definitions

Sec. 552A.0001.  DEFINITIONS.  In this subchapter:
(1)  "Agent" has the meaning assigned by Section 7.21, Penal Code.
(2)  "Business entity" means a legal entity, including a corporation, partnership, or sole proprietorship, that is formed for the purpose of making a profit.
(3)  "Mobile carrying device" means a device that:
(A)  transports cargo while remaining within 25 feet of a human operator; and
(B)  is equipped with technology that allows the operator to actively monitor the device.
(4)  "Pedestrian area" includes a sidewalk, crosswalk, school crosswalk, school crossing zone, or safety zone.
(5)  "Personal delivery device" means a device that:
(A)  is manufactured primarily for transporting cargo in a pedestrian area or on the side or shoulder of a highway; and
(B)  is equipped with automated driving technology, including software and hardware, that enables the operation of the device with the remote support and supervision of a human.
Added by Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. 612 (S.B. 969), Sec. 2, eff. June 10, 2019.
2023 Texas Statutes › Transportation Code › Title 7 - Vehicles and Traffic › Subtitle C - Rules of the Road › Chapter 552A - Devices Subject to Pedestrian Laws › Subchapter A. Personal Delivery and Mobile Carrying Devices › Section 552A.0002. Applicable Law

Sec. 552A.0002.  APPLICABLE LAW.  (a)  The operation of a personal delivery or mobile carrying device in a pedestrian area or on the side or shoulder of a highway is governed exclusively by:
(1)  this subchapter; and
(2)  any applicable regulations adopted by a local authority that are not inconsistent with this subchapter, as authorized under Section 552A.0009.
(b)  For the purposes of this title, including Section 545.422, a personal delivery or mobile carrying device operated in compliance with this subchapter is not considered to be a vehicle.
Added by Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. 612 (S.B. 969), Sec. 2, eff. June 10, 2019.
2023 Texas Statutes › Transportation Code › Title 7 - Vehicles and Traffic › Subtitle C - Rules of the Road › Chapter 552A - Devices Subject to Pedestrian Laws › Subchapter A. Personal Delivery and Mobile Carrying Devices › Section 552A.0003. Operator of Personal Delivery Device

Sec. 552A.0003.  OPERATOR OF PERSONAL DELIVERY DEVICE.  (a)  A person may operate a personal delivery device under this subchapter only if:
(1)  the person is a business entity; and
(2)  a human who is an agent of the business entity has the capability to monitor or exercise physical control over the navigation and operation of the device.
(b)  Except as provided by Subsection (c), when a personal delivery device operated by a business entity is engaged, the business entity is considered to be the operator of the device solely for the purpose of assessing compliance with applicable traffic laws.
(c)  When a personal delivery device operated by a business entity is engaged and an agent of the entity controls the device in a manner that is outside the scope of the agent's office or employment, the agent is considered to be the operator of the device.
(d)  A person is not considered to be the operator of a personal delivery device solely because the person:
(1)  requests a delivery or service provided by the device; or
(2)  dispatches the device.
Added by Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. 612 (S.B. 969), Sec. 2, eff. June 10, 2019.
2023 Texas Statutes › Transportation Code › Title 7 - Vehicles and Traffic › Subtitle C - Rules of the Road › Chapter 552A - Devices Subject to Pedestrian Laws › Subchapter A. Personal Delivery and Mobile Carrying Devices › Section 552A.0004. Operator of Mobile Carrying Device

Sec. 552A.0004.  OPERATOR OF MOBILE CARRYING DEVICE.  A person operating a mobile carrying device is considered to be the operator of the device for the purpose of assessing compliance with applicable traffic laws.
Added by Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. 612 (S.B. 969), Sec. 2, eff. June 10, 2019.
2023 Texas Statutes › Transportation Code › Title 7 - Vehicles and Traffic › Subtitle C - Rules of the Road › Chapter 552A - Devices Subject to Pedestrian Laws › Subchapter A. Personal Delivery and Mobile Carrying Devices › Section 552A.0005. Device Operation

Sec. 552A.0005.  DEVICE OPERATION.  (a)  A personal delivery or mobile carrying device operated under this subchapter must:
(1)  operate in a manner that complies with the provisions of this subtitle applicable to pedestrians, unless the provision cannot by its nature apply to the device;
(2)  yield the right-of-way to all other traffic, including pedestrians;
(3)  not unreasonably interfere with or obstruct other traffic, including pedestrians;
(4)  if operated at nighttime, display the lights required by Section 552A.0007 or 552A.0008, as applicable;
(5)  comply with any applicable regulations adopted by a local authority under Section 552A.0009;
(6)  not transport hazardous materials in a quantity requiring placarding by a regulation issued under the Hazardous Materials Transportation Act (49 U.S.C. Section 5101 et seq.); and
(7)  be monitored or controlled as provided by Section 552A.0003(a) for a personal delivery device or by the operator for a mobile carrying device.
(b)  A mobile carrying device operated under this subchapter must remain within 25 feet of the operator while the device is in motion.
Added by Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. 612 (S.B. 969), Sec. 2, eff. June 10, 2019.
2023 Texas Statutes › Transportation Code › Title 7 - Vehicles and Traffic › Subtitle C - Rules of the Road › Chapter 552A - Devices Subject to Pedestrian Laws › Subchapter A. Personal Delivery and Mobile Carrying Devices › Section 552A.0006. Areas and Speeds of Operation

Sec. 552A.0006.  AREAS AND SPEEDS OF OPERATION.  (a)  A personal delivery or mobile carrying device operated under this subchapter may be operated only:
(1)  in a pedestrian area at a speed of not more than 10 miles per hour; or
(2)  on the side of a roadway or the shoulder of a highway at a speed of not more than 20 miles per hour.
(b)  Notwithstanding Subsection (a)(1), a local authority may establish a maximum speed of less than 10 miles per hour in a pedestrian area in the jurisdiction of the local authority if the local authority determines that a maximum speed of 10 miles per hour is unreasonable or unsafe for that area.  A maximum speed established under this subsection may not be less than seven miles per hour.
Added by Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. 612 (S.B. 969), Sec. 2, eff. June 10, 2019.
2023 Texas Statutes › Transportation Code › Title 7 - Vehicles and Traffic › Subtitle C - Rules of the Road › Chapter 552A - Devices Subject to Pedestrian Laws › Subchapter A. Personal Delivery and Mobile Carrying Devices › Section 552A.0007. Personal Delivery Device Equipment

Sec. 552A.0007.  PERSONAL DELIVERY DEVICE EQUIPMENT.  (a)  A personal delivery device operated under this subchapter must:
(1)  be equipped with a marker that clearly states the name and contact information of the owner and a unique identification number; and
(2)  be equipped with a braking system that enables the device to come to a controlled stop.
(b)  A personal delivery device operated under this subchapter at nighttime must be equipped with lights on the front and rear of the device that are visible and recognizable under normal atmospheric conditions on all sides of the device from 1 to 500 feet from the device when the light is directly in front of lawful lower beams of headlamps.
Added by Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. 612 (S.B. 969), Sec. 2, eff. June 10, 2019.
2023 Texas Statutes › Transportation Code › Title 7 - Vehicles and Traffic › Subtitle C - Rules of the Road › Chapter 552A - Devices Subject to Pedestrian Laws › Subchapter A. Personal Delivery and Mobile Carrying Devices › Section 552A.0008. Mobile Carrying Device Equipment

Sec. 552A.0008.  MOBILE CARRYING DEVICE EQUIPMENT.  (a)  A mobile carrying device operated under this subchapter must be equipped with a braking system that enables the device to come to a controlled stop.
(b)  A mobile carrying device operated under this subchapter at nighttime must be equipped with lights that are visible and recognizable under normal atmospheric conditions from 1 to 50 feet from the device when the light is directly in front of lawful lower beams of headlamps.
Added by Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. 612 (S.B. 969), Sec. 2, eff. June 10, 2019.
2023 Texas Statutes › Transportation Code › Title 7 - Vehicles and Traffic › Subtitle C - Rules of the Road › Chapter 552A - Devices Subject to Pedestrian Laws › Subchapter A. Personal Delivery and Mobile Carrying Devices › Section 552A.0009. Local Authority Regulation

Sec. 552A.0009.  LOCAL AUTHORITY REGULATION.  (a)  A local authority may regulate the operation of a personal delivery or mobile carrying device on a highway or in a pedestrian area in a manner not inconsistent with this subchapter.
(b)  This section does not affect the authority of a local authority's peace officers to enforce the laws of this state relating to the operation of a personal delivery or mobile carrying device.
Added by Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. 612 (S.B. 969), Sec. 2, eff. June 10, 2019.
2023 Texas Statutes › Transportation Code › Title 7 - Vehicles and Traffic › Subtitle C - Rules of the Road › Chapter 552A - Devices Subject to Pedestrian Laws › Subchapter A. Personal Delivery and Mobile Carrying Devices › Section 552A.0010. Insurance

Sec. 552A.0010.  INSURANCE.  A business entity that operates a personal delivery device operated under this subchapter must maintain an insurance policy that includes general liability coverage of not less than $100,000 for damages arising from the operation of the device.
Added by Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. 612 (S.B. 969), Sec. 2, eff. June 10, 2019.
2023 Texas Statutes › Transportation Code › Title 7 - Vehicles and Traffic › Subtitle C - Rules of the Road › Chapter 552A - Devices Subject to Pedestrian Laws › Subchapter B. Mobility Devices › Section 552A.0101. Operators of Certain Mobility Devices

Sec. 552A.0101.  OPERATORS OF CERTAIN MOBILITY DEVICES.  (a)  In this section, "motorized mobility device" means a device designed for transportation of persons with physical disabilities that:
(1)  has three or more wheels;
(2)  is propelled by a battery-powered motor;
(3)  has not more than one forward gear; and
(4)  is not capable of speeds exceeding eight miles per hour.
(b)  For the purposes of this subtitle, a person operating a nonmotorized wheelchair or motorized mobility device is considered to be a pedestrian.
Added by Acts 2001, 77th Leg., ch. 497, Sec. 2, eff. June 11, 2001.  Renumbered from Transportation Code Sec. 542.008 by Acts 2003, 78th Leg., ch. 1275, Sec. 2(135), eff. Sept. 1, 2003.
Transferred and redesignated from Transportation Code, Section 542.009 by Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. 612 (S.B. 969), Sec. 4, eff. June 10, 2019.
2023 Texas Statutes › Transportation Code › Title 7 - Vehicles and Traffic › Subtitle C - Rules of the Road › Chapter 553 - Enactment and Enforcement of Certain Traffic Laws in Certain Municipalities › Section 553.001. Applicability

Sec. 553.001.  APPLICABILITY.  This chapter applies only to a municipality with a population of less than 2,500 in a county with a population of 250,000 or more.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
2023 Texas Statutes › Transportation Code › Title 7 - Vehicles and Traffic › Subtitle C - Rules of the Road › Chapter 553 - Enactment and Enforcement of Certain Traffic Laws in Certain Municipalities › Section 553.002. Traffic Signals or Signs in Municipality

Sec. 553.002.  TRAFFIC SIGNALS OR SIGNS IN MUNICIPALITY.  (a)  A municipality may not enact an ordinance governing the erection or operation of a traffic signal or sign in the municipality on a state highway funded in whole or in part by the state without prior approval by the Texas Department of Transportation.
(b)  A municipality intending to erect or operate a traffic signal or sign described by Subsection (a) must apply in writing to the Texas Department of Transportation.  After the application is filed, the Texas Department of Transportation shall designate an employee to investigate the application and shall grant or refuse the application not later than the 90th day after the date of the designation.
(c)  In granting an application, the Texas Department of Transportation:
(1)  may prescribe the conditions under which the municipality may erect and operate the signal or sign and all other aspects of the signal or sign;  and
(2)  shall consider the convenience of the traveling public in raising speed limits in noncongested areas and the control of traffic for the protection of schoolchildren and other inhabitants of small communities where there are areas of congestion and cross-traffic.
(d)  This section does not apply to an ordinance enacted or a temporary speed limit sign erected or operated under Section 545.3561.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
Amended by:
Acts 2011, 82nd Leg., R.S., Ch. 216 (H.B. 109), Sec. 3, eff. September 1, 2011.
2023 Texas Statutes › Transportation Code › Title 7 - Vehicles and Traffic › Subtitle C - Rules of the Road › Chapter 553 - Enactment and Enforcement of Certain Traffic Laws in Certain Municipalities › Section 553.003. Injunction Against Unauthorized Signal or Sign

Sec. 553.003.  INJUNCTION AGAINST UNAUTHORIZED SIGNAL OR SIGN.  (a)  If a municipality erects or maintains a traffic signal or sign without meeting the requirements of this chapter, the district or county attorney of the county where the signal or sign is located shall bring a suit to enjoin the erection and maintenance of the signal or sign.
(b)  If the district or county attorney does not institute a suit under Subsection (a) within 15 days after the date a request to do so is received from a resident of the state, any state resident may institute and prosecute the suit.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
2023 Texas Statutes › Transportation Code › Title 7 - Vehicles and Traffic › Subtitle C - Rules of the Road › Chapter 600 - Miscellaneous Provisions › Section 600.001. Removing Material From Highway

Sec. 600.001.  REMOVING MATERIAL FROM HIGHWAY.  (a)  A person who drops or permits to be dropped or thrown on a highway destructive or injurious material shall immediately remove the material or cause it to be removed.
(b)  A person who removes a wrecked or damaged vehicle from a highway shall remove glass or another injurious substance dropped on the highway from the vehicle.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
2023 Texas Statutes › Transportation Code › Title 7 - Vehicles and Traffic › Subtitle C - Rules of the Road › Chapter 600 - Miscellaneous Provisions › Section 600.002. Identification Required for Vehicle Near Mexican Border

Sec. 600.002.  IDENTIFICATION REQUIRED FOR VEHICLE NEAR MEXICAN BORDER.  On demand of a peace officer within 250 feet of the Mexican border at a checkpoint authorized by Section 411.0095, Government Code, as added by Chapter 497, Acts of the 73rd Legislature, Regular Session, 1993, the driver of a vehicle shall produce a driver's license and proof of compliance with Chapter 601.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
2023 Texas Statutes › Transportation Code › Title 7 - Vehicles and Traffic › Subtitle C - Rules of the Road › Chapter 600 - Miscellaneous Provisions › Section 600.003. Enforcement of Certain Traffic Laws by Private Institutions of Higher Education

Sec. 600.003.  ENFORCEMENT OF CERTAIN TRAFFIC LAWS BY PRIVATE INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER EDUCATION.  (a)  In this section, "private or independent institution of higher education" has the meaning assigned by Section 61.003(15), Education Code.
(b)  A private or independent institution of higher education may enforce a traffic law of this state under Chapter 545 restricting or prohibiting the operation or movement of vehicles on a road of the institution if:
(1)  the road of the institution is open to the public at the time the traffic law is enforced;
(2)  the governing body of the institution adopts a regulation to enforce the traffic law;  and
(3)  the restriction or prohibition on the operation and movement of vehicles adopted by the institution:
(A)  is posted by means of a sign, marking, signal, or other device visible to and, if it contains writing, able to be read by an operator of a vehicle to whom the restriction or prohibition applies in the same manner as a similar restriction or prohibition on the operation and movement of vehicles would be posted by a municipality;  and
(B)  has been approved by:
(i)  the commissioners court of the county in which the applicable road of the institution is located, if the road is located in the unincorporated area of a county;  or
(ii)  the governing body of the municipality in which the applicable road of the institution is located, if the road is located in a municipality.
(c)  Campus security personnel of the institution commissioned under Section 51.212, Education Code, are authorized to enforce the provisions of this section and have the authority to issue and use traffic tickets and summons in a form prescribed by the Texas Department of Public Safety to enforce this chapter only on the property of the institution that commissioned the campus security personnel under Section 51.212, Education Code.
(d)  The same procedures that apply to a traffic ticket or summons by a commissioned peace officer of an institution of higher education under Sections 51.206 and 51.210, Education Code, also apply to a ticket or summons issued under this section.
(e)  The governing body of the municipality or the commissioners court of the county that approves the enforcement of traffic laws under Subsection (b) shall also determine the disposition of funds collected under this section from any fees or fines from the enforcement of a traffic law of this state.
Added by Acts 1997, 75th Leg., ch. 620, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1997.
2023 Texas Statutes › Transportation Code › Title 7 - Vehicles and Traffic › Subtitle C - Rules of the Road › Chapter 600 - Miscellaneous Provisions › Section 600.004. Training of School Crossing Guard

Sec. 600.004.  TRAINING OF SCHOOL CROSSING GUARD.  (a)  A local authority may authorize a school crossing guard to direct traffic in a school crossing zone if the guard successfully completes a training program in traffic direction as defined by the basic peace officer course curriculum established by the Commission on Law Enforcement Standards and Education.
(b)  A school crossing guard trained under this section:
(1)  is not a peace officer;  and
(2)  may not carry a weapon while directing traffic in a school crossing zone.
Added by Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 724, Sec. 2, eff. Aug. 30, 1999.
2023 Texas Statutes › Transportation Code › Title 7 - Vehicles and Traffic › Subtitle D - Motor Vehicle Safety Responsibility › Chapter 601 - Motor Vehicle Safety Responsibility Act › Subchapter A. General Provisions › Section 601.001. Short Title

Sec. 601.001.  SHORT TITLE.  This chapter may be cited as the Texas Motor Vehicle Safety Responsibility Act.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
2023 Texas Statutes › Transportation Code › Title 7 - Vehicles and Traffic › Subtitle D - Motor Vehicle Safety Responsibility › Chapter 601 - Motor Vehicle Safety Responsibility Act › Subchapter A. General Provisions › Section 601.003. Judgment; Satisfied Judgment

Sec. 601.003.  JUDGMENT;  SATISFIED JUDGMENT.  (a)  For purposes of this chapter, judgment refers only to a final judgment that is no longer appealable or has been finally affirmed on appeal and that was rendered by a court of any state, a province of Canada, or the United States on a cause of action:
(1)  for damages for bodily injury, death, or damage to or destruction of property arising out of the ownership, maintenance, or use of a motor vehicle;  or
(2)  on an agreement of settlement for damages for bodily injury, death, or damage to or destruction of property arising out of the ownership, maintenance, or use of a motor vehicle.
(b)  For purposes of this chapter, a judgment is considered to be satisfied as to the appropriate part of the judgment set out by this subsection if:
(1)  the total amount credited on one or more judgments for bodily injury to or death of one person resulting from one collision equals or exceeds the amount required under Section 601.072(a-1)(1) to establish financial responsibility;
(2)  the total amount credited on one or more judgments for bodily injury to or death of two or more persons resulting from one collision equals or exceeds the amount required under Section 601.072(a-1)(2) to establish financial responsibility; or
(3)  the total amount credited on one or more judgments for damage to or destruction of property of another resulting from one collision equals or exceeds the amount required under Section 601.072(a-1)(3) to establish financial responsibility.
(c)  In determining whether a judgment is satisfied under Subsection (b), a payment made in settlement of a claim for damages for bodily injury, death, or damage to or destruction of property is considered to be an amount credited on a judgment.
(d)  For purposes of this section:
(1)  damages for bodily injury or death include damages for care and loss of services;  and
(2)  damages for damage to or destruction of property include damages for loss of use.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
Amended by:
Acts 2023, 88th Leg., R.S., Ch. 709 (H.B. 2190), Sec. 63, eff. September 1, 2023.
2023 Texas Statutes › Transportation Code › Title 7 - Vehicles and Traffic › Subtitle D - Motor Vehicle Safety Responsibility › Chapter 601 - Motor Vehicle Safety Responsibility Act › Subchapter A. General Provisions › Section 601.005. Evidence in Civil Suit

Sec. 601.005.  EVIDENCE IN CIVIL SUIT.  A person at a trial for damages may not refer to or offer as evidence of the negligence or due care of a party:
(1)  an action taken by the department under this chapter;
(2)  the findings on which that action is based; or
(3)  the security or evidence of financial responsibility filed under this chapter.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
Amended by:
Acts 2017, 85th Leg., R.S., Ch. 533 (S.B. 312), Sec. 50, eff. September 1, 2017.
2023 Texas Statutes › Transportation Code › Title 7 - Vehicles and Traffic › Subtitle D - Motor Vehicle Safety Responsibility › Chapter 601 - Motor Vehicle Safety Responsibility Act › Subchapter A. General Provisions › Section 601.006. Applicability to Certain Owners and Operators

Sec. 601.006.  APPLICABILITY TO CERTAIN OWNERS AND OPERATORS.  If an owner or operator of a motor vehicle involved in a collision in this state does not have a driver's license or vehicle registration or is a nonresident, the person may not be issued a driver's license or registration until the person has complied with this chapter to the same extent that would be necessary if, at the time of the collision, the person had a driver's license or registration.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
Amended by:
Acts 2023, 88th Leg., R.S., Ch. 709 (H.B. 2190), Sec. 64, eff. September 1, 2023.
2023 Texas Statutes › Transportation Code › Title 7 - Vehicles and Traffic › Subtitle D - Motor Vehicle Safety Responsibility › Chapter 601 - Motor Vehicle Safety Responsibility Act › Subchapter A. General Provisions › Section 601.007. Applicability of Chapter to Government Vehicles

Sec. 601.007.  APPLICABILITY OF CHAPTER TO GOVERNMENT VEHICLES.  (a)  This chapter does not apply to a government vehicle.
(b)  The provisions of this chapter do not apply to an officer, agent, or employee of the United States, this state, or a political subdivision of this state while operating a government vehicle in the course of that person's employment.
(c)  The provisions of this chapter, other than Section 601.054, do not apply to a motor vehicle that is subject to Chapter 643.
(d)  In this section, "government vehicle" means a motor vehicle owned by the United States, this state, or a political subdivision of this state.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.  Amended by Acts 1997, 75th Leg., ch. 165, Sec. 30.126(a), eff. Sept. 1, 1997.
Amended by:
Acts 2017, 85th Leg., R.S., Ch. 533 (S.B. 312), Sec. 51, eff. September 1, 2017.
2023 Texas Statutes › Transportation Code › Title 7 - Vehicles and Traffic › Subtitle D - Motor Vehicle Safety Responsibility › Chapter 601 - Motor Vehicle Safety Responsibility Act › Subchapter A. General Provisions › Section 601.008. Violation of Chapter; Offense

Sec. 601.008.  VIOLATION OF CHAPTER;  OFFENSE.  (a)  A person commits an offense if the person violates a provision of this chapter for which a penalty is not otherwise provided.
(b)  An offense under this section is a misdemeanor punishable by:
(1)  a fine not to exceed $500;
(2)  confinement in county jail for a term not to exceed 90 days;  or
(3)  both the fine and the confinement.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
2023 Texas Statutes › Transportation Code › Title 7 - Vehicles and Traffic › Subtitle D - Motor Vehicle Safety Responsibility › Chapter 601 - Motor Vehicle Safety Responsibility Act › Subchapter A. General Provisions › Section 601.009. Report From Other State or Canada

Sec. 601.009.  REPORT FROM OTHER STATE OR CANADA.  (a)  On receipt of a certification by the department that the operating privilege of a resident of this state has been suspended or revoked in another state or a province of Canada under a financial responsibility law, the department shall contact the official who issued the certification to request information relating to the specific nature of the resident's failure to comply.
(b)  Except as provided by Subsection (c), the department shall suspend the resident's driver's license and vehicle registrations if the evidence shows that the resident's operating privilege was suspended in the other state or the province for violation of a financial responsibility law under circumstances that would require the department to suspend a nonresident's operating privilege had the collision occurred in this state.
(c)  The department may not suspend the resident's driver's license and registration if the alleged failure to comply is based on the failure of the resident's insurance company or surety company to:
(1)  obtain authorization to write motor vehicle liability insurance in the other state or the province; or
(2)  execute a power of attorney directing the appropriate official in the other state or the province to accept on the company's behalf service of notice or process in an action under the policy arising out of a collision.
(d)  Suspension of a driver's license and vehicle registrations under this section continues until the resident furnishes evidence of compliance with the financial responsibility law of the other state or the province.
(e)  In this section, "financial responsibility law" means a law authorizing suspension or revocation of an operating privilege for failure to:
(1)  deposit security for the payment of a judgment;
(2)  satisfy a judgment;  or
(3)  file evidence of financial responsibility.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
Amended by:
Acts 2023, 88th Leg., R.S., Ch. 709 (H.B. 2190), Sec. 65, eff. September 1, 2023.
2023 Texas Statutes › Transportation Code › Title 7 - Vehicles and Traffic › Subtitle D - Motor Vehicle Safety Responsibility › Chapter 601 - Motor Vehicle Safety Responsibility Act › Subchapter B. Administration by Department › Section 601.021. Department Powers and Duties; Rules

Sec. 601.021.  DEPARTMENT POWERS AND DUTIES;  RULES.  The department shall:
(1)  administer and enforce this chapter;  and
(2)  provide for hearings on the request of a person aggrieved by an act of the department under this chapter.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
2023 Texas Statutes › Transportation Code › Title 7 - Vehicles and Traffic › Subtitle D - Motor Vehicle Safety Responsibility › Chapter 601 - Motor Vehicle Safety Responsibility Act › Subchapter B. Administration by Department › Section 601.023. Payment of Statutory Fees

Sec. 601.023.  PAYMENT OF STATUTORY FEES.  The department may pay:
(1)  a statutory fee required by the Texas Department of Motor Vehicles for a certified abstract or in connection with suspension of a vehicle registration; or
(2)  a statutory fee payable to the comptroller for issuance of a certificate of deposit required by Section 601.122.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.  Amended by Acts 1997, 75th Leg., ch. 1423, Sec. 18.05, eff. Sept. 1, 1997.
Amended by:
Acts 2009, 81st Leg., R.S., Ch. 933 (H.B. 3097), Sec. 2J.01, eff. September 1, 2009.
2023 Texas Statutes › Transportation Code › Title 7 - Vehicles and Traffic › Subtitle D - Motor Vehicle Safety Responsibility › Chapter 601 - Motor Vehicle Safety Responsibility Act › Subchapter C. Financial Responsibility; Requirements › Section 601.051. Requirement of Financial Responsibility

Sec. 601.051.  REQUIREMENT OF FINANCIAL RESPONSIBILITY.  A person may not operate a motor vehicle in this state unless financial responsibility is established for that vehicle through:
(1)  a motor vehicle liability insurance policy that complies with Subchapter D;
(2)  a surety bond filed under Section 601.121;
(3)  a deposit under Section 601.122;
(4)  a deposit under Section 601.123;  or
(5)  self-insurance under Section 601.124.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
2023 Texas Statutes › Transportation Code › Title 7 - Vehicles and Traffic › Subtitle D - Motor Vehicle Safety Responsibility › Chapter 601 - Motor Vehicle Safety Responsibility Act › Subchapter C. Financial Responsibility; Requirements › Section 601.052. Exceptions to Financial Responsibility Requirement

Sec. 601.052.  EXCEPTIONS TO FINANCIAL RESPONSIBILITY REQUIREMENT.  (a)  Section 601.051 does not apply to:
(1)  the operation of a motor vehicle that:
(A)  is a former military vehicle or is at least 25 years old;
(B)  is used only for exhibitions, club activities, parades, and other functions of public interest and not for regular transportation; and
(C)  for which the owner files with the department an affidavit, signed by the owner, stating that the vehicle is a collector's item and used only as described by Paragraph (B);
(2)  a neighborhood electric vehicle that is operated only as authorized by Section 551.304;
(2-a) a golf cart that is operated only as authorized by Section 551.403;
(2-b) an off-highway vehicle that is operated only as authorized by Subchapter C, Chapter 551A, or Section 551A.055 of this code or Chapter 29, Parks and Wildlife Code; or
(3)  a volunteer fire department for the operation of a motor vehicle the title of which is held in the name of a volunteer fire department.
(b)  Subsection (a)(3) does not exempt from the requirement of Section 601.051 a person who is operating a vehicle described by that subsection.
(c)  In this section:
(1)  "Former military vehicle" has the meaning assigned by Section 504.502(i).
(2)  "Volunteer fire department" means a company, department, or association that is:
(A)  organized in an unincorporated area to answer fire alarms and extinguish fires or to answer fire alarms, extinguish fires, and provide emergency medical services;  and
(B)  composed of members who:
(i)  do not receive compensation;  or
(ii)  receive only nominal compensation.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.  Amended by Acts 1997, 75th Leg., ch. 165, Sec. 30.127(a), eff. Sept. 1, 1997;  Acts 1997, 75th Leg., ch. 896, Sec. 3, eff. Sept. 1, 1997.
Amended by:
Acts 2009, 81st Leg., R.S., Ch. 1136 (H.B. 2553), Sec. 11, eff. September 1, 2009.
Acts 2011, 82nd Leg., R.S., Ch. 91 (S.B. 1303), Sec. 24.016, eff. September 1, 2011.
Acts 2013, 83rd Leg., R.S., Ch. 1135 (H.B. 2741), Sec. 96, eff. September 1, 2013.
Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. 1233 (H.B. 1548), Sec. 39, eff. June 14, 2019.
2023 Texas Statutes › Transportation Code › Title 7 - Vehicles and Traffic › Subtitle D - Motor Vehicle Safety Responsibility › Chapter 601 - Motor Vehicle Safety Responsibility Act › Subchapter C. Financial Responsibility; Requirements › Section 601.054. Owner May Provide Evidence of Financial Responsibility for Others

Sec. 601.054.  OWNER MAY PROVIDE EVIDENCE OF FINANCIAL RESPONSIBILITY FOR OTHERS.  (a)  The department shall accept evidence of financial responsibility from an owner for another person required to establish evidence of financial responsibility if the other person is:
(1)  an operator employed by the owner;  or
(2)  a member of the owner's immediate family or household.
(b)  The evidence of financial responsibility applies to a person who becomes subject to Subsection (a)(1) or (2) after the effective date of that evidence.
(c)  Evidence of financial responsibility accepted by the department under Subsection (a) is a substitute for evidence by the other person and permits the other person to operate a motor vehicle for which the owner has provided evidence of financial responsibility.
(d)  The department shall designate the restrictions imposed by this section on the face of the other person's driver's license.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
2023 Texas Statutes › Transportation Code › Title 7 - Vehicles and Traffic › Subtitle D - Motor Vehicle Safety Responsibility › Chapter 601 - Motor Vehicle Safety Responsibility Act › Subchapter C. Financial Responsibility; Requirements › Section 601.055. Substitution of Evidence of Financial Responsibility

Sec. 601.055.  SUBSTITUTION OF EVIDENCE OF FINANCIAL RESPONSIBILITY.  (a)  If a person who has filed evidence of financial responsibility substitutes other evidence of financial responsibility that complies with this chapter, and the department accepts the other evidence, the department shall:
(1)  consent to the cancellation of a bond or certificate of insurance filed as evidence of financial responsibility;  or
(2)  direct the comptroller to return money or securities deposited with the comptroller as evidence of financial responsibility to the person entitled to the return of the money or securities.
(b)  The comptroller shall return money or securities deposited with the comptroller in accordance with the direction of the department under Subsection (a)(2).
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.  Amended by Acts 1997, 75th Leg., ch. 1423, Sec. 18.07, eff. Sept. 1, 1997.
2023 Texas Statutes › Transportation Code › Title 7 - Vehicles and Traffic › Subtitle D - Motor Vehicle Safety Responsibility › Chapter 601 - Motor Vehicle Safety Responsibility Act › Subchapter C. Financial Responsibility; Requirements › Section 601.057. Evidence That Does Not Fulfill Requirements; Suspension

Sec. 601.057.  EVIDENCE THAT DOES NOT FULFILL REQUIREMENTS;  SUSPENSION.  If evidence filed with the department does not continue to fulfill the purpose for which it was required, the department shall suspend the driver's license and all vehicle registrations or nonresident's operating privilege of the person who filed the evidence pending the filing of other evidence of financial responsibility.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
2023 Texas Statutes › Transportation Code › Title 7 - Vehicles and Traffic › Subtitle D - Motor Vehicle Safety Responsibility › Chapter 601 - Motor Vehicle Safety Responsibility Act › Subchapter D. Establishment of Financial Responsibility Through Motor Vehicle Liability Insurance › Section 601.071. Motor Vehicle Liability Insurance; Requirements

Sec. 601.071.  MOTOR VEHICLE LIABILITY INSURANCE;  REQUIREMENTS.  For purposes of this chapter, a motor vehicle liability insurance policy must be an owner's or operator's policy that:
(1)  except as provided by Section 601.083, is issued by an insurance company authorized to write motor vehicle liability insurance in this state;
(2)  is written to or for the benefit of the person named in the policy as the insured;  and
(3)  meets the requirements of this subchapter.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
2023 Texas Statutes › Transportation Code › Title 7 - Vehicles and Traffic › Subtitle D - Motor Vehicle Safety Responsibility › Chapter 601 - Motor Vehicle Safety Responsibility Act › Subchapter D. Establishment of Financial Responsibility Through Motor Vehicle Liability Insurance › Section 601.072. Minimum Coverage Amounts; Exclusions

Sec. 601.072.  MINIMUM COVERAGE AMOUNTS; EXCLUSIONS.
(a)  Expired.
(a-1)  Effective January 1, 2011, the minimum amounts of motor vehicle liability insurance coverage required to establish financial responsibility under this chapter are:
(1)  $30,000 for bodily injury to or death of one person in one collision;
(2)  $60,000 for bodily injury to or death of two or more persons in one collision, subject to the amount provided by Subdivision (1) for bodily injury to or death of one of the persons; and
(3)  $25,000 for damage to or destruction of property of others in one collision.
(b)  The coverage required under this section may exclude, with respect to one collision:
(1)  the first $250 of liability for bodily injury to or death of one person;
(2)  the first $500 of liability for bodily injury to or death of two or more persons, subject to the amount provided by Subdivision (1) for bodily injury to or death of one of the persons; and
(3)  the first $250 of liability for property damage to or destruction of property of others.
(c)  The Texas Department of Insurance shall establish an outreach program to inform persons of the requirements of this chapter and the ability to comply with the financial responsibility requirements of this chapter through motor vehicle liability insurance coverage.  The commissioner, by rule, shall establish the requirements for the program.  The program must be designed to encourage compliance with the financial responsibility requirements, and must be made available in English and Spanish.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
Amended by:
Acts 2007, 80th Leg., R.S., Ch. 1298 (S.B. 502), Sec. 1, eff. September 1, 2007.
Acts 2023, 88th Leg., R.S., Ch. 709 (H.B. 2190), Sec. 68, eff. September 1, 2023.