reglab/statecodes huggingface dataset:
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 1 - General Provisions › Chapter 5 - Common Law; General Rights › § 336. Rules; information; contract services

§ 336. Rules; information; contract services
(a) The State of Vermont shall maintain contracts to operate CART services and a statewide sign language interpreter referral service to provide services to a person who has a right to an interpreter or CART services under section 332 of this subchapter. The contract shall require that an interpreter providing services through the sign language interpreter referral service:
(1) is able to communicate readily with the person who is Deaf, Hard of Hearing, or DeafBlind;
(2) is able to interpret accurately statements or communications by the person who is Deaf, Hard of Hearing, or DeafBlind;
(3) is able to interpret the proceedings to the person who is Deaf, Hard of Hearing, or DeafBlind;
(4) maintain confidentiality;
(5) be impartial with respect to the outcome of the proceeding;
(6) does not exert any influence over the person who is Deaf, Hard of Hearing, or DeafBlind; and
(7) does not accept assignments the interpreter does not feel competent to handle.
(b) [Repealed.]
(c) [Repealed.]
(d) The State of Vermont shall maintain access to qualified interpreters in Vermont and CART services for all State agencies and courts through the statewide contracts maintained by the State pursuant to subsection (a) of this section. (Added 1987, No. 172 (Adj. Sess.), § 1; amended 2005, No. 167 (Adj. Sess.), § 14, eff. May 20, 2006; 2013, No. 96 (Adj. Sess.), § 3; 2023, No. 36, § 7, eff. July 1, 2023.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 1 - General Provisions › Chapter 5 - Common Law; General Rights › § 337. Review

§ 337. Review
(a) A decision, order, or judgment of a court or administrative agency may be reversed on appeal if the court or agency finds that a person who is Deaf, Hard of Hearing, or DeafBlind who was a party or a witness in the proceeding was deprived of an opportunity to communicate effectively, and that the deprivation was prejudicial.
(b) Any person denied a qualified interpreter under subsection 332(b) of this title may appeal the denial through the administrative appeals process for the agency involved or, where no such administrative appeals process exists, through the Superior Court in the county in which the denial occurred or in Washington Superior Court. (Added 1987, No. 172 (Adj. Sess.), § 1; amended 2005, No. 167 (Adj. Sess.), § 15, eff. May 20, 2006; 2013, No. 96 (Adj. Sess.), § 3; 2023, No. 36, § 7, eff. July 1, 2023.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 1 - General Provisions › Chapter 5 - Common Law; General Rights › § 338. Admissions; confessions

§ 338. Admissions; confessions
(a) An admission or confession by a person who is Deaf, Hard of Hearing, or DeafBlind made to a law enforcement officer or any other person having a prosecutorial function may only be used against the person in a criminal proceeding if:
(1) the admission or confession was made knowingly, voluntarily, and intelligently and is not subject to alternative interpretations resulting from the person’s habits and patterns of communication; and
(2) the admission or confession, if made during a custodial interrogation, was made after reasonable steps were taken, including the appointment of a qualified interpreter, to ensure that the defendant understood the defendant’s constitutional rights.
(b) The provisions of subsection (a) of this section supplement the constitutional rights of the person who is Deaf, Hard of Hearing, or DeafBlind. (Added 1987, No. 172 (Adj. Sess.), § 1; amended 2005, No. 167 (Adj. Sess.), § 16, eff. May 20, 2006; 2013, No. 96 (Adj. Sess.), § 3; 2023, No. 36, § 7, eff. July 1, 2023.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 1 - General Provisions › Chapter 5 - Common Law; General Rights › § 339. Communications made to interpreters; prohibition on disclosure

§ 339. Communications made to interpreters; prohibition on disclosure
(a) An interpreter, whether or not the interpreter is a qualified interpreter, shall not disclose or testify to:
(1) a communication made by a person to an interpreter acting in the capacity of an interpreter for a person who is Deaf, Hard of Hearing, or DeafBlind or a person with limited English proficiency; or
(2) any information obtained by the interpreter while acting in the capacity of an interpreter for a person who is Deaf, Hard of Hearing, or DeafBlind or a person with limited English proficiency.
(b) There is no prohibition on disclosure under this section if the services of the interpreter were sought or obtained to enable or aid anyone to commit or plan to commit what the person who is Deaf, Hard of Hearing, or DeafBlind or the person with limited English proficiency knew or reasonably should have known to be a crime or fraud.
(c)(1) This section shall not be construed to limit or expand the effect of section 334 of this title.
(2) This section shall not be construed to alter or affect the mandatory reporting requirements of 33 V.S.A. § 4913.
(d) As used in this section, “person with limited English proficiency” means a person who does not speak English as the person’s primary language and who has a limited ability to read, write, speak, or understand English. (Added 2003, No. 142 (Adj. Sess.), § 1; amended 2005, No. 167 (Adj. Sess.), § 10, eff. May 20, 2006; 2013, No. 96 (Adj. Sess.), § 3; 2023, No. 36, § 7, eff. July 1, 2023.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 1 - General Provisions › Chapter 7 - Legal Holidays; Commemorative Days › § 371. Legal holidays

§ 371. Legal holidays
(a) The following shall be legal holidays:
(1) New Year’s Day, January 1;
(2) Martin Luther King, Jr.’s Birthday, the third Monday in January;
(3) Presidents’ Day, the third Monday in February;
(4) Town Meeting Day, the first Tuesday in March;
(5) Memorial Day, the last Monday in May;
(6) Independence Day, July 4;
(7) Bennington Battle Day, August 16;
(8) Labor Day, the first Monday in September;
(9) Indigenous Peoples’ Day, the second Monday in October;
(10) Veterans’ Day, November 11;
(11) Thanksgiving Day, the fourth Thursday in November;
(12) Christmas Day, December 25.
(b) All State departments, agencies and offices shall observe any legal holiday which falls on a Saturday on the preceding Friday and any legal holiday which falls on a Sunday on the following Monday; however, all other conditions of employment related to legal holidays, including decisions such as the closing or opening of State offices and compensation for work performed on such a day, shall be proper matters for collective bargaining pursuant to 3 V.S.A. § 904.
(c) The provisions of this section shall not affect any collective bargaining agreement in existence on the effective date hereof. (Amended 1969, No. 202 (Adj. Sess.), § 1, eff. date, see note set out below; 1973, No. 71, § 1, eff. Jan. 1, 1974; 1973, No. 150 (Adj. Sess.), § 1; eff. March 11, 1974; 1975, No. 133 (Adj. Sess.), § 1, eff. Feb. 6, 1976; 1985, No. 251 (Adj. Sess.), § 1; 2003, No. 83 (Adj. Sess.), § 1; 2017, No. 130 (Adj. Sess.), § 20; 2019, No. 18, § 2.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 1 - General Provisions › Chapter 7 - Legal Holidays; Commemorative Days › § 373. American History Month

§ 373. American History Month
That February of each year is hereby designated as American History Month, and the Governor of the State of Vermont is requested and authorized to issue annually a proclamation inviting the people of the State of Vermont to observe such month in schools, churches, and other suitable places with appropriate ceremonies and activities. (1961, No. R-28, app. Feb. 23, 1961.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 1 - General Provisions › Chapter 7 - Legal Holidays; Commemorative Days › § 374. POW-MIA Recognition Day

§ 374. POW-MIA Recognition Day
The third Friday in the month of September is designated as “POW-MIA Recognition Day.” (Added 1997, No. 82 (Adj. Sess.), § 3, eff. Sept. 18, 1998.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 1 - General Provisions › Chapter 7 - Legal Holidays; Commemorative Days › § 377. Green Up Day; River Cleanup Month

§ 377. Green Up Day; River Cleanup Month
(a) The first Saturday in the month of May is designated as Green Up Day.
(b) September of each year is designated as River Cleanup Month. (Added 2013, No. 117 (Adj. Sess.), § 2; 2019, No. 50, § 3.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 1 - General Provisions › Chapter 9 - Time › § 431. Standard time; daylight saving time

§ 431. Standard time; daylight saving time
(a) The standard time within the State of Vermont shall be based on the mean astronomical time of 75° of longitude west from Greenwich, known and designated as “U.S. Eastern Standard Time,” except as provided in 15 U.S.C. § 260a, when standard time shall be advanced one hour. The period of time so advanced may be called “daylight saving time.”
(b) The Governor is authorized to shorten or lengthen the period specified in subsection (a) of this section by proclamation, if necessary to make the time accord with the time in effect in any of the states whose boundaries adjoin Vermont. This proclamation shall be issued at least 10 days before it takes effect. (Amended 2017, No. 74, § 1.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 1 - General Provisions › Chapter 9 - Time › § 432. Use as to laws and contracts

§ 432. Use as to laws and contracts
In all laws, statutes, orders, decrees, rules, and regulations relating to the time of performance of any act by any officer or department of this State, including the Legislative, Executive, and Judicial Branches of the State government, or of any county, city, town, or district thereof, or relating to the time in which any rights shall accrue or determine, or within which any act shall or shall not be performed by any person subject to the jurisdiction of this State and in all the public schools and institutions of the State, or of any county, city, town, or district thereof, and in all contracts or choses in action made or to be performed in this State, it shall be understood and intended that the time shall be the time designated in section 431 of this title.
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 1 - General Provisions › Chapter 11 - Flag, Insignia, Seal, Etc. › § 491. Coat of Arms; Crest; Motto and Badge

§ 491. Coat of Arms; Crest; Motto and Badge
The Coat of Arms, Crest, Motto and Badge of the State shall be and are described as follows:
(1) Coat of Arms. Green, a landscape occupying half of the shield; on the right and left, in the background, high mountains, blue; the sky, yellow. From near the base and reaching nearly to the top of the shield, arises a pine tree of the natural color and between three erect sheaves, yellow, placed diagonally on the right side and a red cow standing on the left side of the field.
(2) Motto and Badge. On a scroll beneath the shield, the motto: Vermont; Freedom and Unity. The Vermonter’s badge: two pine branches of natural color, crossed between the shield and scroll.
(3) Crest. A buck’s head, of natural color, placed on a scroll, blue and yellow.
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 1 - General Provisions › Chapter 11 - Flag, Insignia, Seal, Etc. › § 493. State Seal

§ 493. State Seal
The State Seal shall be the Great Seal of the State, a faithful reproduction, cut larger and deeper, of the original seal, designed by Ira Allen, cut by Reuben Dean of Windsor and accepted by resolution of the General Assembly, dated February 20, 1779. The Seal shall be kept by the Secretary of Civil and Military Affairs.
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 1 - General Provisions › Chapter 11 - Flag, Insignia, Seal, Etc. › § 494. Use of State Seal

§ 494. Use of State Seal
The Vermont Development Board may, with the prior written consent of the Governor, reproduce the seal of the State of Vermont in any State-sponsored publication whether or not advertising is included in such publication. (Amended 1959, No. 329 (Adj. Sess.), § 18(a), eff. March 1, 1961.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 1 - General Provisions › Chapter 11 - Flag, Insignia, Seal, Etc. › § 496. State Flags, purchase, distribution

§ 496. State Flags, purchase, distribution
The Secretary of State shall obtain, through the Department of Buildings and General Services, State Flags. The Secretary may, on terms that he or she finds appropriate, distribute these State Flags to other states; to State officials, departments, and agencies; and to other persons the Secretary may determine should receive them. (Added 1961, No. 120, § 1, eff. May 16, 1961; amended 1963, No. 77, §§ 1, 2, eff. May 2, 1963; 1995, No. 148 (Adj. Sess.), § 4(a), eff. May 6, 1996; 2017, No. 111 (Adj. Sess.), § 2.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 1 - General Provisions › Chapter 11 - Flag, Insignia, Seal, Etc. › § 496a. Bennington Battle Flag

§ 496a. Bennington Battle Flag
The Secretary of State shall obtain, through the Department of Buildings and General Services, two copies of the Bennington Battle Flag, one for delivery to the Sergeant at Arms to be flown at the State House in Montpelier, under the U.S. Flag, on the 15th, 16th, and 17th days of August each year to commemorate the Battle of Bennington, and a second for delivery to the Vermont Division for Historic Preservation, along with one Vermont State Flag, to be flown at the Bennington Battle Monument Area. (Added 2017, No. 111 (Adj. Sess.), § 3.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 1 - General Provisions › Chapter 11 - Flag, Insignia, Seal, Etc. › § 496b. Green Mountain Boys Flag

§ 496b. Green Mountain Boys Flag
The Secretary of State shall obtain, through the Department of Buildings and General Services, a copy of the Green Mountain Boys Flag for delivery to the Sergeant at Arms to be flown at the State House in Montpelier, under the U.S. Flag, on the 15th day of January each year to commemorate Vermont’s independence. (Added 2017, No. 111 (Adj. Sess.), § 4.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 1 - General Provisions › Chapter 11 - Flag, Insignia, Seal, Etc. › § 496c. POW-MIA flag; flying on State flagpoles

§ 496c. POW-MIA flag; flying on State flagpoles
The State of Vermont shall fly on State-owned flagpoles, where practicable, the National League of Families Prisoner of War and Missing in Action Flag, as designated in 36 U.S.C. § 902, provided the flag is donated. (Added 2017, No. 111 (Adj. Sess.), § 5; amended 2019, No. 131 (Adj. Sess.), § 2.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 1 - General Provisions › Chapter 11 - Flag, Insignia, Seal, Etc. › § 496d. Flag protocol

§ 496d. Flag protocol
The Department of Buildings and General Services shall adopt and update as necessary a protocol for the flying of any flag on a State-owned flagpole and on municipally owned flagpoles if statutorily directed. The protocol shall incorporate any existing flag-flying policies or protocols that the Department has previously adopted. (Added 2017, No. 111 (Adj. Sess.), § 6.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 1 - General Provisions › Chapter 11 - Flag, Insignia, Seal, Etc. › § 496e. Honor and Remember Flag

§ 496e. Honor and Remember Flag
The Honor and Remember Flag is designated as the flag that recognizes those Vermonters who died during or as the result of serving on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. This designation will recognize their bravery and educate Vermonters about the sacrifices their fellow citizens have made to protect our nation. The Department of Buildings and General Services shall establish a protocol for the flying of the Honor and Remember Flag and may accept donations of the flag to be flown on State-owned flagpoles. The Honor and Remember Flag may be flown on State-owned and municipally owned flagpoles, including those at military facilities, war memorials, and veterans cemeteries on such days as the Department of Buildings and General Services shall designate in the protocol. (Added 2017, No. 122 (Adj. Sess.), § 1, eff. May 3, 2018.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 1 - General Provisions › Chapter 11 - Flag, Insignia, Seal, Etc. › § 501. State Fish

§ 501. State Fish
The State Cold Water Fish shall be the brook trout (salvelinus fontinalis) and the State Warm Water Fish shall be the walleye pike (sander vitreus). (Added 2011, No. 82 (Adj. Sess.), § 2, eff. April 13, 2012.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 1 - General Provisions › Chapter 11 - Flag, Insignia, Seal, Etc. › § 509. State Fossils

§ 509. State Fossils
(a) The State Marine Fossil shall be the white whale fossilized skeleton at the University of Vermont’s Perkins Geology Museum.
(b) The State Terrestrial Fossil shall be the Mount Holly mammoth tooth and tusk at the Mount Holly Community Historical Museum. (Added 1993, No. 66, § 1, eff. June 6, 1993; amended 2013, No. 116 (Adj. Sess.), § 15a.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 1 - General Provisions › Chapter 11 - Flag, Insignia, Seal, Etc. › § 511. State Amphibian

§ 511. State Amphibian
The State Amphibian shall be the northern leopard frog. (Added 1997, No. 126 (Adj. Sess.), § 2, eff. April 21, 1998.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 1 - General Provisions › Chapter 11 - Flag, Insignia, Seal, Etc. › § 517. State Fly-Fishing Fly

§ 517. State Fly-Fishing Fly
The State Fly-Fishing Fly shall be the Governor Aiken bucktail streamer. (Added 2013, No. 116 (Adj. Sess.), § 14.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 1 - General Provisions › Chapter 13 - Jurisdiction of the United States › § 551. Concurrent jurisdiction reserved

§ 551. Concurrent jurisdiction reserved
When, pursuant to U.S. Const. Art. 1, § 8, cl. 17, consent to purchase is given and exclusive jurisdiction ceded to the United States in respect to and over any lands within this State which shall be acquired by the United States for the purposes described in such clause of the Constitution, such jurisdiction shall continue so long as the lands are held and occupied by the United States for public purposes; but concurrent jurisdiction is reserved for the execution upon such lands of all process, civil or criminal, issued by the courts of the State and not incompatible with the cession, and for the enforcement of State law in the federal enclave along the border of Canada and Vermont by law enforcement officers certified under 20 V.S.A. § 2358. The deed or other conveyance of such land to the United States shall contain a description of such lands by metes and bounds and shall be recorded in the town clerk’s office of the town in which such lands lie or an accurate map or plan and description by metes and bounds of such lands shall be filed in such clerk’s office. (Amended 1999, No. 160 (Adj. Sess.), § 1, eff. May 29, 2000.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 1 - General Provisions › Chapter 13 - Jurisdiction of the United States › § 552. Consent to purchase

§ 552. Consent to purchase
Subject to the provisions of section 551 of this title, consent to purchase is hereby given and exclusive jurisdiction is ceded to the United States in respect to and over so much land as the United States has or may acquire for the purposes described in U.S. Const. Art. 1, § 8, cl. 17. However, with respect to land hereafter sought to be acquired by the United States for flood control purposes or for other needful buildings as specified in such clause of the Constitution of the United States, the consent of the State shall not be deemed to have been given unless and until such land has been acquired by the State and conveyed to the United States in the manner provided by 29 V.S.A. chapter 15 with respect to public works projects and with the written approval of the Governor and the approval of the General Assembly. (Amended 1971, No. 167 (Adj. Sess.), § 1.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 1 - General Provisions › Chapter 13 - Jurisdiction of the United States › § 553. Federal Geological Survey

§ 553. Federal Geological Survey
For the purpose of making the surveys required of the Federal Geological Survey by acts of Congress, it shall be lawful for the persons employed in making the same to enter upon the lands within the boundaries of this State, but this section shall not be construed as authorizing any unnecessary interference with private rights.
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 1 - General Provisions › Chapter 13 - Jurisdiction of the United States › § 554. National forest lands

§ 554. National forest lands
The consent of the State of Vermont is hereby given to the acquisition by the United States, by purchase, gift, or condemnation with adequate compensation, of such lands in Vermont with the approval of a Board consisting of the Governor, Lieutenant Governor, Attorney General, Commissioner of Forests, Parks and Recreation, and Secretary of Agriculture, Food and Markets in the following towns: Bristol, Lincoln, Warren, Ripton, Granville, Hancock, Rochester, Pittsfield, Chittenden, Goshen, Middlebury, Salisbury, Leicester, Brandon, Mendon, Stockbridge, Winhall, Londonderry, Peru, Dorset, Danby, Landgrove, Weston, Wallingford, Mt. Holly, Mt. Tabor, Stratton, Wardsboro, Dover, Wilmington, Whitingham, Readsboro, Searsburg, Sunderland, Manchester, Woodford, Stamford, Jamaica, Bennington, Pownal, Shaftsbury, Arlington, and Killington, and the unorganized towns of Glastenbury and Somerset, which in the opinion of the federal government and the State may be needed for the establishment, consolidation, and extension of national forests in the State. Land in the Town of Rupert and the Town of Sandgate may be considered by the Board for classification within boundaries of areas of the State in which the United States may acquire lands as National Forest lands, provided that the legislative body of the town has voted to allow such consideration after having been advised to do so by a majority of town residents voting in an advisory referendum on the question. Such Board shall act on a specific parcel only after it has the written approval of the legislative body or selectboard members of the town or supervisors of an unorganized town or gore wherein such land, or a part thereof is located. (Amended 1989, No. 224 (Adj. Sess.), eff. June 4, 1990; 2013, No. 161 (Adj. Sess.), § 72.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 1 - General Provisions › Chapter 13 - Jurisdiction of the United States › § 555. Jurisdiction of United States over national forests

§ 555. Jurisdiction of United States over national forests
The United States shall have jurisdiction to make and enforce such laws, rules, and regulations as the United States shall deem necessary for the administration, protection, and management of national forests in the State. (Amended 2021, No. 52, § 2, eff. June 3, 2021.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 1 - General Provisions › Chapter 13 - Jurisdiction of the United States › § 556. Jurisdiction of State over national forests

§ 556. Jurisdiction of State over national forests
In all other respects, the jurisdiction over persons and property within the territory of national forests in the State shall not be affected nor changed by reason of the acquisition of title to such lands by the United States. (Amended 2021, No. 52, § 3, eff. June 3, 2021.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 1 - General Provisions › Chapter 13 - Jurisdiction of the United States › § 557. Disposition of monies from national forests and forest products

§ 557. Disposition of monies from national forests and forest products
All sums received by this State from the United States, on account of the national forest in this State established under the provision of the Weeks Law, so-called, being an act of Congress approved May 23, 1908, and amendments thereto, and codified as 16 U.S.C. § 500, and all funds received by this State from the United States pursuant to 10 U.S.C. § 2665 from the sale of forest products produced on land owned or leased by a military department or the U. S. Department of Transportation shall be distributed as follows:
(1) Funds from national forests under the provisions of the Weeks Law shall first be apportioned by the State Treasurer among the several school districts in which such national forest is or may be situated, in proportion to the area of such national forest in each, as determined by the forest service of the U. S. Department of Agriculture. For purposes of this section, “school district” means a town, city, independent, or unified school district.
(2) Funds from the sale of forest products pursuant to 10 U.S.C. § 2665 shall be apportioned by the State Treasurer among the several towns in a manner proportional to the area in each town of the military installation or facility from which the forest products were produced.
(3) The several sums so apportioned to each school district or town shall be paid over by the State Treasurer, within 60 days after receipt thereof, to the treasurer of such school district or town. Such sums shall be expended for the benefit of the public schools of such school district or for the benefit of the public roads on the part of the recipient town, in addition to the sums required by law to be raised for such purposes, in such manner as may be determined by appropriations duly made by town meetings in such town or school district. (Added 1977, No. 253 (Adj. Sess.), § 2; amended 1983, No. 32; 2001, No. 63, § 278, eff. June 16, 2001.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 1 - General Provisions › Chapter 15 - New Hampshire-Vermont Boundary › § 611. Perambulation, renewal

§ 611. Perambulation, renewal
The boundary line between the State of New Hampshire and the State of Vermont shall be perambulated and markers and bounds renewed wherever necessary once in every seven years forever by the Attorney General of this State in conjunction with the Attorney General of the State of New Hampshire or by such person as the Attorney General shall in writing appoint for that purpose.
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 1 - General Provisions › Chapter 15 - New Hampshire-Vermont Boundary › § 614. Expenses of perambulation

§ 614. Expenses of perambulation
All expenses incurred by representation of this State incidental to such perambulation shall be paid by the State, including one-half of the cost of renewing markers or monuments. The Commissioner of Finance and Management is hereby authorized to draw his or her warrant therefor out of any money in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated. (Amended 1959, No. 328 (Adj. Sess.), § 8(c); 1983, No. 195 (Adj. Sess.), § 5(b).)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 1 - General Provisions › Chapter 15 - New Hampshire-Vermont Boundary › § 615. Monuments; notice of construction affecting

§ 615. Monuments; notice of construction affecting
No person, firm, or corporation shall begin or attempt to begin any alteration or improvement of the banks or bed of the Connecticut River, the erection of any building, dam, or other structure upon the banks or bed of such river or any other operations which will affect the waters or flow of such river so as to make the ascertaining of the location of the boundary line between the State of New Hampshire and the State of Vermont difficult without first giving notice thereof to the Attorney General of this State and the Attorney General of New Hampshire.
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 1 - General Provisions › Chapter 15 - New Hampshire-Vermont Boundary › § 616. Inspection

§ 616. Inspection
Upon receipt of such notice, the Attorney General of this State shall communicate with the Attorney General of New Hampshire concerning the subject matter thereof, shall arrange for a joint inspection by such Attorneys General or their representatives of the premises described therein to determine the need of the erection of monuments to permanently mark the location of the boundary line in the area to be affected. If required, such Attorneys General or their representatives shall erect such markers as are necessary.
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 1 - General Provisions › Chapter 15 - New Hampshire-Vermont Boundary › § 617. Permit

§ 617. Permit
Upon determination of need for or lack of need for a marking of the boundary, the Attorney General of this State shall certify the determination made to the person, firm, or corporation giving notice, and issue a permit that the work upon such alteration, improvement, building, dam, structure, or operation affecting the waters or flow of such river may be begun upon a day certain. Such date shall be fixed as will give a reasonable time for the erection of monuments for the marking of the boundary if a need for such monuments has been determined; otherwise, so as to inconvenience the giver of the notice as little as possible.
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 1 - General Provisions › Chapter 15 - New Hampshire-Vermont Boundary › § 618. Penalty

§ 618. Penalty
Any person, firm, or corporation who shall have failed to give the notice described in section 615 of this title or who, without having received from the Attorney General of this State the certificate and permit described in section 617, shall begin or attempt to begin any alteration or improvement of the banks or bed of the Connecticut River, the erection of any building, dam, or other structure upon the banks or bed of such river or any other operation which will affect the waters or flow of such river shall be fined not more than $5,000.00.
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 1 - General Provisions › Chapter 17 - Vermont Coordinate System › § 671. Vermont Coordinate Systems defined

§ 671. Vermont Coordinate Systems defined
The systems of plane coordinates which have been established by the National Ocean Service/National Geodetic Survey (formerly the U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey) or its successors for defining and stating the horizontal positions or locations of points on the surface of the earth within the State of Vermont are hereafter to be known and designated as the “Vermont Coordinate System 1927 and the Vermont Coordinate System 1983.” The term “Vermont Coordinate System” is synonymous with the term “Vermont State Plane Coordinate System.” (Amended 1987, No. 169 (Adj. Sess.), § 1, eff. May 3, 1988; 2007, No. 164 (Adj. Sess.), § 38.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 1 - General Provisions › Chapter 17 - Vermont Coordinate System › § 672. Coordinates defined

§ 672. Coordinates defined
The plane coordinate values for a point on the earth’s surface, used to express the horizontal position or location of such point on the Vermont Coordinate Systems, shall consist of two distances, expressed in U.S. Survey feet and decimals of a foot when using the Vermont Coordinate System 1927 and expressed in meters and decimals of a meter, or U.S. Survey feet and decimals of a foot when using the Vermont Coordinate System 1983. One of these distances, to be known as the “x-coordinate,” shall give the position in an east-and-west direction; the other, to be known as the “y-coordinate,” shall give the position in a north-and-south direction. These coordinates shall be made to depend upon and conform to plane rectangular coordinate values for the monumented points of the National Spatial Reference System established by the U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey, its predecessor, or its successors. (Amended 1987, No. 169 (Adj. Sess.), § 2, eff. May 3, 1988; 2007, No. 164 (Adj. Sess.), § 39.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 1 - General Provisions › Chapter 17 - Vermont Coordinate System › § 673. Additional definitions

§ 673. Additional definitions
(a) For purposes of more precisely defining the Vermont Coordinate System 1927, the following definition by the U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey (now the National Ocean Service/National Geodetic Survey) is adopted:
(b) The Vermont Coordinate System 1927 is a transverse Mercator projection of the Clarke spheroid of 1866, having a central meridian 72 degrees 30 minutes west of Greenwich, on which meridian the scale is set one part in 28,000 too small. The origin of coordinates is at the intersection of the meridian 72 degrees 30 minutes west of Greenwich and the parallel 42 degrees 30 minutes north latitude. This origin is given the coordinates: x = 500,000 feet and y = 0 feet.
(c) For purposes of defining the Vermont Coordinate System 1983, the following definition by the National Ocean Service/National Geodetic Survey is adopted. The Vermont Coordinate System 1983 is a transverse Mercator projection of the GRS 80 ellipsoid, having a central meridian 72 degrees 30 minutes west of Greenwich, on which meridian the scale is set one part in 28,000 too small. The origin of coordinates is at the intersection of the meridian 72 degrees 30 minutes west of Greenwich and the parallel 42 degrees 30 minutes north latitude. This origin is given the coordinates: x = 500,000 meters and y = 0 meters.
(d) The position of the Vermont Coordinate System 1983 shall be marked on the ground by existing or future survey stations established in conformity with standards adopted by the National Geodetic Survey or its successors for first-order or second-order work, or both, whose geodetic positions have been rigidly adjusted to the North American Datum 1983 (NAD 1983). (Amended 1987, No. 169 (Adj. Sess.), § 3, eff. May 3, 1988; 1993, No. 6, § 1.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 1 - General Provisions › Chapter 17 - Vermont Coordinate System › § 674. Record

§ 674. Record
Coordinates based on either Vermont Coordinate System, purporting to define the position of a point on a land boundary, presented to be recorded in any public land records or deed records shall be accompanied by a specific statement as to their basis and a description of the survey method used to determine them on the record plat or description of the survey. (Amended 1987, No. 169 (Adj. Sess.), § 4, eff. May 3, 1988; 1993, No. 6, § 2.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 1 - General Provisions › Chapter 17 - Vermont Coordinate System › § 675. Restriction

§ 675. Restriction
The use of the terms “Vermont Coordinate System 1927” or “Vermont Coordinate System 1983” on any map, report of survey, or other document shall be limited to coordinates based on the Vermont Coordinate Systems as defined in this chapter. (Amended 1987, No. 169 (Adj. Sess.), § 5, eff. May 3, 1988.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 1 - General Provisions › Chapter 17 - Vermont Coordinate System › § 676. Description

§ 676. Description
For the purposes of describing the location of any survey station or land boundary corner in the State of Vermont, it shall be considered a complete, legal, and satisfactory description of such location to give the position of such survey station or land boundary corner on the system of plane coordinates as defined in this chapter. (Amended 1987, No. 169 (Adj. Sess.), § 6, eff. May 3, 1988.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 1 - General Provisions › Chapter 17 - Vermont Coordinate System › § 677. Construction

§ 677. Construction
Nothing contained in this chapter shall require any purchaser or mortgagee of real property to rely solely on a description, any part of which depends entirely upon the Vermont Coordinate Systems. (Amended 1987, No. 169 (Adj. Sess.), § 7, eff. May 3, 1988.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 1 - General Provisions › Chapter 17 - Vermont Coordinate System › § 678. Severability

§ 678. Severability
If any provision of this chapter shall be declared invalid, such invalidity shall not affect any other portion of this chapter which can be given effect without the invalid provision; and to this end, the provisions of this chapter are declared severable. (Added 1987, No. 169 (Adj. Sess.), § 8, eff. May 3, 1988.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 1 - General Provisions › Chapter 17 - Vermont Coordinate System › § 679. Transition

§ 679. Transition
The Vermont Coordinate System 1927 shall not be used for projects commenced after January 1, 2000; the Vermont Coordinate System 1983 will be the sole system for projects commenced after this date. (Added 1987, No. 169 (Adj. Sess.), § 9, eff. May 3, 1988.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 1 - General Provisions › Chapter 19 - Meridian Lines for Towns and Cities › § 731. Establishment of meridian lines

§ 731. Establishment of meridian lines
The Governor shall appoint one or more competent persons, one of whom, on application of the selectboard members, shall set out and establish a true meridian line, not less than 100 feet in length, at some convenient place in a town or city, to be selected, provided, and kept by such selectboard members for the free use of all persons.
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 1 - General Provisions › Chapter 19 - Meridian Lines for Towns and Cities › § 732. Markers; record; compensation

§ 732. Markers; record; compensation
Under the direction of the person so appointed, the selectboard members shall erect suitable stone or iron posts at the extremities of such meridian line, setting the same firmly in the ground, the north post to be marked with the letter M, and the south post with the initial letter or letters of such town or city. The person so appointed shall make a written description of the same, so that it can be readily known, and cause the same to be recorded in the office of the town or city clerk. Such person shall receive for his or her services from the treasurer of such town or city $8.00 a day and his or her necessary expenses.
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 1 - General Provisions › Chapter 21 - Interstate Cooperation › § 821. Declaration of policy

§ 821. Declaration of policy
The State of Vermont recognizes that intergovernmental cooperation is an essential factor in resolving problems affecting this State and that the interchange of personnel between governmental agencies at the same or different levels of government is a significant factor in achieving that cooperation. (Added 1967, No. 384 (Adj. Sess.), § 1, eff. March 27, 1968.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 1 - General Provisions › Chapter 21 - Interstate Cooperation › § 822. Definitions

§ 822. Definitions
For the purposes of this subchapter, the following words and phrases have the meanings ascribed to them in this section:
(1) “Sending agency” means any department or agency of the federal government or a state government which sends any employee thereof to another government agency under this subchapter.
(2) “Receiving agency” means any department or agency of the federal government or a state government which receives an employee of another government under this subchapter. (Added 1967, No. 384 (Adj. Sess.), § 2, eff. March 27, 1968.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 1 - General Provisions › Chapter 21 - Interstate Cooperation › § 823. Authority to interchange employees

§ 823. Authority to interchange employees
(a) Any department, agency, or instrumentality of the State may participate in a program of interchange of employees with departments, agencies, or instrumentalities of the federal government, or another state, as a sending or receiving agency.
(b) The period of individual assignment or detail under an interchange program shall be subject to approval of the Commissioner of Human Resources for Executive departments, the Court Administrator for the Judiciary, and the Joint Rules Committee for the Legislature. Details relating to any matter covered in this subchapter may be the subject of an agreement between the sending and receiving agencies. Elected officials shall not be assigned from a sending agency nor detailed to a receiving agency. (Added 1967, No. 384 (Adj. Sess.), § 3, eff. March 27, 1968; amended 1997, No. 66 (Adj. Sess.), § 62, eff. Feb. 20, 1998; 2003, No. 156 (Adj. Sess.), § 15.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 1 - General Provisions › Chapter 21 - Interstate Cooperation › § 824. Status of employees of this State

§ 824. Status of employees of this State
(a) Employees of a sending agency participating in an exchange of personnel as authorized in section 823 of this title may be considered during that participation to be on detail to regular work assignment of the sending agency.
(b) Employees who are on detail are entitled to the same salary and benefits to which they would otherwise be entitled and shall remain employees of the sending agency for all other purposes except that the supervision of their duties during the period of detail may be governed by agreement between the sending agency and the receiving agency.
(c) Any employee who participates in an exchange under the terms of this section who has a disability or dies as a result of personal injury arising out of and in the course of an exchange, or sustained in performance of duties in connection therewith, shall be treated, for the purposes of the sending agency’s employee compensation program, as an employee, as defined in the law creating that program, who has sustained the injury in the performance of his or her duty, but shall not receive benefits under that law for any period for which he or she is entitled to and elects to receive similar benefits under the receiving agency’s employee compensation program. (Added 1967, No. 384 (Adj. Sess.), § 4, eff. March 27, 1968; amended 2013, No. 96 (Adj. Sess.), § 4.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 1 - General Provisions › Chapter 21 - Interstate Cooperation › § 825. Travel expenses of employees of this State

§ 825. Travel expenses of employees of this State
A sending agency in this State may, in accordance with the travel regulations of the agency, pay the travel expenses of employees assigned to a receiving agency on either a detail or leave basis, but shall not pay the travel expenses of those employees incurred in connection with their work assignments at the receiving agency. During the period of assignment, the sending agency may pay a daily allowance to the employee on assignment or detail. (Added 1967, No. 384 (Adj. Sess.), § 5, eff. March 27, 1968.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 1 - General Provisions › Chapter 21 - Interstate Cooperation › § 826. Status of employees of other governments

§ 826. Status of employees of other governments
(a) When any unit of government of this State acts as a receiving agency, employees of the sending agency who are assigned under this subchapter may be considered to be on detail to the receiving agency.
(b) Appointments of persons so assigned may be made without regard to the laws or regulations governing the selection of employees of the receiving agency. Such a person shall be in the unclassified service of the State.
(c) Employees who are detailed to the receiving agency shall not by virtue of that detail be considered to be employees thereof, except as provided in subsection (d) of this section, nor shall they be paid a salary or wage by the receiving agency during the period of their detail. The supervision of the duties of those employees during the period of detail may be governed by agreement between the sending agency and the receiving agency.
(d) Any employee of a sending agency assigned in this State who has a disability or dies as a result of personal injury arising out of and in the course of that assignment, or sustained in the performance of duties in connection therewith, shall be treated for the purpose of the receiving agency’s employee compensation program, as an employee, as defined in its law, who has sustained the injury in the performance of that duty, but shall not receive benefits under that law for any period for which he or she elects to receive similar benefits as an employee under the sending agency’s employee compensation program. (Added 1967, No. 384 (Adj. Sess.), § 6, eff. March 27, 1968; amended 2013, No. 96 (Adj. Sess.), § 4.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 1 - General Provisions › Chapter 21 - Interstate Cooperation › § 827. Travel expenses of employees of other governments

§ 827. Travel expenses of employees of other governments
A receiving agency in this State may, in accordance with the travel regulations of the agency, pay travel expenses of persons assigned thereto under this subchapter during the period of those assignments on the same basis as if they were regular employees of the receiving agency. (Added 1967, No. 384 (Adj. Sess.), § 7, eff. March 27, 1968.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 1 - General Provisions › Chapter 23 - Native American Indian People › § 851. Findings

§ 851. Findings
The General Assembly finds that:
(1) At least 1,700 Vermonters claim to be direct descendants of the several indigenous Native American peoples, now known as Western Abenaki tribes, who originally inhabited all of Vermont and New Hampshire, parts of western Maine, parts of southern Quebec, and parts of upstate New York for hundreds of years, beginning long before the arrival of Europeans.
(2) There is ample archaeological evidence that demonstrates that the Missisquoi and Cowasuck Abenaki were indigenous to and farmed the river floodplains of Vermont at least as far back as the 1100s A.D.
(3) The Western Abenaki, including the Missisquoi, have a very definite and carefully maintained oral tradition that consistently references the Champlain valley in western Vermont.
(4) State recognition confers official acknowledgment of the long-standing existence in Vermont of Native American Indians who predated European settlement and enhances dignity and pride in their heritage and community.
(5) Many contemporary Abenaki families continue to produce traditional crafts and intend to continue to pass on these indigenous traditions to the younger generations. In order to create and sell Abenaki crafts that may be labeled as Indian- or Native American-produced, the Abenaki must be recognized by the State of Vermont.
(6) According to a public affairs specialist with the U.S. Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA), State recognition of Indian tribes plays a very small role with regard to federal recognition. The only exception is when a state recognized a tribe before 1900.
(7) At least 15 other states have recognized their resident indigenous people as Native American Indian tribes without any of those tribes previously or subsequently acquiring federal recognition.
(8) State-recognized Native American Indian tribes and their members will continue to be subject to all laws of the State, and recognition shall not be construed to create any basis or authority for tribes to establish or promote any form of prohibited gambling activity or to claim any interest in land or real estate in Vermont. (Added 2005, No. 125 (Adj. Sess.), § 1, eff. May 3, 2006; amended 2009, No. 107 (Adj. Sess.), § 1, eff. May 14, 2010.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 1 - General Provisions › Chapter 23 - Native American Indian People › § 853a. Recognition of Elnu Abenaki tribe

§ 853a. Recognition of Elnu Abenaki tribe
The Elnu Abenaki tribe has filed an application for tribal recognition with the Vermont Commission on Native American Affairs and has complied with the recognition requirements contained in subdivisions 853(c)(1)-(9) of this title and is hereby recognized by the State of Vermont as a Native American Indian tribe. (Added 2011, No. 9, § 1, eff. April 22, 2011.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 1 - General Provisions › Chapter 23 - Native American Indian People › § 854. Recognition of Nulhegan Band of the Coosuk Abenaki Nation

§ 854. Recognition of Nulhegan Band of the Coosuk Abenaki Nation
The Nulhegan Band of the Coosuk Abenaki Nation has filed an application for tribal recognition with the Vermont Commission on Native American Affairs and has complied with the recognition requirements contained in subdivisions 853(c)(1)-(9) of this title and is hereby recognized by the State of Vermont as a Native American Indian tribe. (Added 2011, No. 8, § 1, eff. April 22, 2011.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 1 - General Provisions › Chapter 23 - Native American Indian People › § 855. Recognition of Koasek Abenaki of the Koas

§ 855. Recognition of Koasek Abenaki of the Koas
The Koasek Abenaki of the Koas has filed an application for tribal recognition with the Vermont Commission on Native American Affairs and has complied with the recognition requirements contained in subdivisions 853(c)(1)-(9) of this title and is hereby recognized by the State of Vermont as a Native American Indian tribe. (Added 2011, No. 106 (Adj. Sess.), § 1, eff. May 7, 2012.)
2023 Vermont Statutes › Title 1 - General Provisions › Chapter 23 - Native American Indian People › § 856. Recognition of Missisquoi, St. Francis-Sokoki band

§ 856. Recognition of Missisquoi, St. Francis-Sokoki band
The Missisquoi, St. Francis-Sokoki Band has filed an application for tribal recognition with the Vermont Commission on Native American Affairs and has complied with the recognition requirements contained in subdivisions 853(c)(1)-(9) of this title and is hereby recognized by the State of Vermont as a Native American Indian tribe. (Added 2011, No. 105 (Adj. Sess.), § 1, eff. May 7, 2012.)