2023 Texas Statutes › Penal Code › Title 5 - Offenses Against the Person › Chapter 22 - Assaultive Offenses › Section 22.01. Assault

Sec. 22.01.  ASSAULT.  (a)  A person commits an offense if the person:
(1)  intentionally, knowingly, or recklessly causes bodily injury to another, including the person's spouse;
(2)  intentionally or knowingly threatens another with imminent bodily injury, including the person's spouse;  or
(3)  intentionally or knowingly causes physical contact with another when the person knows or should reasonably believe that the other will regard the contact as offensive or provocative.
(b)  An offense under Subsection (a)(1) is a Class A misdemeanor, except that the offense is a felony of the third degree if the offense is committed against:
(1)  a person the actor knows is a public servant while the public servant is lawfully discharging an official duty, or in retaliation or on account of an exercise of official power or performance of an official duty as a public servant;
(2)  a person whose relationship to or association with the defendant is described by Section 71.0021(b), 71.003, or 71.005, Family Code, if:
(A)  it is shown on the trial of the offense that the defendant has been previously convicted of an offense that was committed:
(i)  against a person whose relationship to or association with the defendant is described by Section 71.0021(b), 71.003, or 71.005, Family Code; and
(ii)  under:
(a)  this chapter, Chapter 19, or Section 20.03, 20.04, 21.11, or 25.11;
(b)  Section 25.07, if the applicable violation was based on the commission of family violence as described by Subsection (a)(1) of that section; or
(c)  Section 25.072, if any of the applicable violations were based on the commission of family violence as described by Section 25.07(a)(1); or
(B)  the offense is committed by intentionally, knowingly, or recklessly impeding the normal breathing or circulation of the blood of the person by applying pressure to the person's throat or neck or by blocking the person's nose or mouth;
(3)  a person who contracts with government to perform a service in a facility described by Section 1.07(a)(14), Penal Code, or Section 51.02(13) or (14), Family Code, or an employee of that person:
(A)  while the person or employee is engaged in performing a service within the scope of the contract, if the actor knows the person or employee is authorized by government to provide the service; or
(B)  in retaliation for or on account of the person's or employee's performance of a service within the scope of the contract;
(4)  a person the actor knows is a security officer while the officer is performing a duty as a security officer;
(5)  a person the actor knows is emergency services personnel while the person is providing emergency services;
(6)  a person the actor knows is a process server while the person is performing a duty as a process server;
(7)  a pregnant individual to force the individual to have an abortion;
(8)  a person the actor knows is pregnant at the time of the offense; or
(9)  a person the actor knows is hospital personnel while the person is located on hospital property, including all land and buildings owned or leased by the hospital.
(b-1)  Notwithstanding Subsections (b) and (c), an offense under Subsection (a) is a felony of the third degree if the offense is committed:
(1)  by an actor who is committed to a civil commitment facility; and
(2)  against:
(A)  a person the actor knows is an officer or employee of the Texas Civil Commitment Office:
(i)  while the officer or employee is lawfully discharging an official duty; or
(ii)  in retaliation for or on account of an exercise of official power or performance of an official duty by the officer or employee; or
(B)  a person the actor knows is contracting with the state to perform a service in a civil commitment facility or an employee of that person:
(i)  while the person or employee is engaged in performing a service within the scope of the contract; or
(ii)  in retaliation for or on account of the person's or employee's performance of a service within the scope of the contract.
(b-2)  Notwithstanding Subsection (b)(1), an offense under Subsection (a)(1) is a felony of the second degree if the offense is committed against a person the actor knows is a peace officer or judge while the officer or judge is lawfully discharging an official duty or in retaliation or on account of an exercise of official power or performance of an official duty as a peace officer or judge.
(b-3)  Notwithstanding Subsection (b)(2), an offense under Subsection (a)(1) is a felony of the second degree if:
(1)  the offense is committed against a person whose relationship to or association with the defendant is described by Section 71.0021(b), 71.003, or 71.005, Family Code;
(2)  it is shown on the trial of the offense that the defendant has been previously convicted of an offense that was committed:
(A)  against a person whose relationship to or association with the defendant is described by Section 71.0021(b), 71.003, or 71.005, Family Code; and
(B)  under:
(i)  this chapter, Chapter 19, or Section 20.03, 20.04, 21.11, or 25.11;
(ii)  Section 25.07, if the applicable violation was based on the commission of family violence as described by Subsection (a)(1) of that section; or
(iii)  Section 25.072, if any of the applicable violations were based on the commission of family violence as described by Section 25.07(a)(1); and
(3)  the offense is committed by intentionally, knowingly, or recklessly impeding the normal breathing or circulation of the blood of the person by applying pressure to the person's throat or neck or by blocking the person's nose or mouth.
(b-4)  Notwithstanding Subsection (b), an offense under Subsection (a)(1) is a felony of the third degree if it is shown on the trial of the offense that the actor committed the offense in the course of committing an offense under Section 20.05(a)(2).
(c)  An offense under Subsection (a)(2) or (3) is a Class C misdemeanor, except that the offense is:
(1)  a Class A misdemeanor if the offense is committed under Subsection (a)(3) against an elderly individual or disabled individual, as those terms are defined by Section 22.04;
(2)  a Class B misdemeanor if the offense is committed by a person who is not a sports participant against a person the actor knows is a sports participant either:
(A)  while the participant is performing duties or responsibilities in the participant's capacity as a sports participant; or
(B)  in retaliation for or on account of the participant's performance of a duty or responsibility within the participant's capacity as a sports participant; or
(3)  a Class A misdemeanor if the offense is committed against a pregnant individual to force the individual to have an abortion.
(d)  For purposes of Subsection (b), the actor is presumed to have known the person assaulted was a public servant, a security officer, or emergency services personnel if the person was wearing a distinctive uniform or badge indicating the person's employment as a public servant or status as a security officer or emergency services personnel.
(e)  In this section:
(1)  "Emergency services personnel" includes firefighters, emergency medical services personnel as defined by Section 773.003, Health and Safety Code, emergency room  personnel, and other individuals who, in the course and scope of employment or as a volunteer, provide services for the benefit of the general public during emergency situations.
(1-a)  "Hospital personnel" includes nurses, physicians, physician assistants, maintenance or janitorial staff, receptionists, and other individuals who are employed by or work in a facility that is licensed as a general hospital or special hospital, as those terms are defined by Section 241.003, Health and Safety Code, including a hospital maintained or operated by the state.
(2)  "Process server" has the meaning assigned by Section 156.001, Government Code.
(3)  "Security officer" means a commissioned security officer as defined by Section 1702.002, Occupations Code, or a noncommissioned security officer registered under Section 1702.221, Occupations Code.
(4)  "Sports participant" means a person who participates in any official capacity with respect to an interscholastic, intercollegiate, or other organized amateur or professional athletic competition and includes an athlete, referee, umpire, linesman, coach, instructor, administrator, or staff member.
(f)  For the purposes of Subsections (b)(2)(A) and (b-3)(2):
(1)  a defendant has been previously convicted of an offense listed in those subsections committed against a person whose relationship to or association with the defendant is described by Section 71.0021(b), 71.003, or 71.005, Family Code, if the defendant was adjudged guilty of the offense or entered a plea of guilty or nolo contendere in return for a grant of deferred adjudication, regardless of whether the sentence for the offense was ever imposed or whether the sentence was probated and the defendant was subsequently discharged from community supervision; and
(2)  a conviction under the laws of another state for an offense containing elements that are substantially similar to the elements of an offense listed in those subsections is a conviction of the offense listed.
(g)  If conduct constituting an offense under this section also constitutes an offense under another section of this code, the actor may be prosecuted under either section or both sections.
Acts 1973, 63rd Leg., p. 883, ch. 399, Sec. 1, eff. Jan. 1, 1974.  Amended by Acts 1977, 65th Leg., 1st C.S., p. 55, ch. 2, Sec. 12, 13, eff. July 22, 1977;  Acts 1979, 66th Leg., p. 260, ch. 135, Sec. 1, 2, eff. Aug. 27, 1979;  Acts 1979, 66th Leg., p. 367, ch. 164, Sec. 2, eff. Sept. 1, 1979;  Acts 1983, 68th Leg., p. 5311, ch. 977, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1983;  Acts 1987, 70th Leg., ch. 1052, Sec. 2.08, eff. Sept. 1, 1987;  Acts 1989, 71st Leg., ch. 739, Sec. 1 to 3, eff. Sept. 1, 1989;  Acts 1991, 72nd Leg., ch. 14, Sec. 284(23) to (26), eff. Sept. 1, 1991;  Acts 1991, 72nd Leg., ch. 334, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1991;  Acts 1991, 72nd Leg., ch. 366, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1991;  Acts 1993, 73rd Leg., ch. 900, Sec. 1.01, eff. Sept. 1, 1994; Acts 1997, 75th Leg., ch. 165, Sec. 27.01, eff. Sept. 1, 1997;  Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 318, Sec. 5, eff. Sept. 1, 1995;  Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 659, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995;  Acts 1997, 75th Leg., ch. 165, Sec. 27.01, 31.01(68), eff. Sept. 1, 1997;  Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 62, Sec. 15.02(a), eff. Sept. 1, 1999;  Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 1158, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1999;  Acts 2003, 78th Leg., ch. 294, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 2003;  Acts 2003, 78th Leg., ch. 1019, Sec. 1, 2, eff. Sept. 1, 2003;  Acts 2003, 78th Leg., ch. 1028, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 2003.
Amended by:
Acts 2005, 79th Leg., Ch. 728 (H.B. 2018), Sec. 16.002, eff. September 1, 2005.
Acts 2005, 79th Leg., Ch. 788 (S.B. 91), Sec. 1, eff. September 1, 2005.
Acts 2005, 79th Leg., Ch. 788 (S.B. 91), Sec. 2, eff. September 1, 2005.
Acts 2005, 79th Leg., Ch. 788 (S.B. 91), Sec. 6, eff. September 1, 2005.
Acts 2007, 80th Leg., R.S., Ch. 623 (H.B. 495), Sec. 1, eff. September 1, 2007.
Acts 2007, 80th Leg., R.S., Ch. 623 (H.B. 495), Sec. 2, eff. September 1, 2007.
Acts 2009, 81st Leg., R.S., Ch. 427 (H.B. 2066), Sec. 1, eff. September 1, 2009.
Acts 2009, 81st Leg., R.S., Ch. 665 (H.B. 2240), Sec. 2, eff. September 1, 2009.
Acts 2013, 83rd Leg., R.S., Ch. 875 (H.B. 705), Sec. 1, eff. September 1, 2013.
Acts 2017, 85th Leg., R.S., Ch. 34 (S.B. 1576), Sec. 27, eff. September 1, 2017.
Acts 2017, 85th Leg., R.S., Ch. 440 (H.B. 2908), Sec. 3, eff. September 1, 2017.
Acts 2017, 85th Leg., R.S., Ch. 858 (H.B. 2552), Sec. 18, eff. September 1, 2017.
Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. 467 (H.B. 4170), Sec. 21.001(39), eff. September 1, 2019.
Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. 467 (H.B. 4170), Sec. 21.002(14), eff. September 1, 2019.
Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. 751 (H.B. 902), Sec. 1, eff. September 1, 2019.
Acts 2021, 87th Leg., R.S., Ch. 461 (H.B. 1306), Sec. 1, eff. September 1, 2021.
Acts 2021, 87th Leg., R.S., Ch. 461 (H.B. 1306), Sec. 2, eff. September 1, 2021.
Acts 2023, 88th Leg., R.S., Ch. 199 (S.B. 840), Sec. 2, eff. September 1, 2023.
Acts 2023, 88th Leg., R.S., Ch. 199 (S.B. 840), Sec. 3, eff. September 1, 2023.
Acts 2023, 88th Leg., R.S., Ch. 351 (S.B. 1179), Sec. 4, eff. September 1, 2023.
Acts 2023, 88th Leg., R.S., Ch. 694 (H.B. 1589), Sec. 1, eff. September 1, 2023.
Acts 2023, 88th Leg., 3rd C.S., Ch. 1 (S.B. 4), Sec. 6, eff. February 6, 2024.