2023 Texas Statutes › Family Code › Title 3 - Juvenile Justice Code › Chapter 52 - Proceedings Before and Including Referral to Court › Section 52.031. First Offender Program

Sec. 52.031.  FIRST OFFENDER PROGRAM.  (a)  A juvenile board may establish a first offender program under this section for the referral and disposition of children taken into custody, or accused prior to the filing of a criminal charge, of:
(1)  conduct indicating a need for supervision;
(2)  a Class C misdemeanor, other than a traffic offense; or
(3)  delinquent conduct other than conduct that constitutes:
(A)  a felony of the first, second, or third degree, an aggravated controlled substance felony, or a capital felony; or
(B)  a state jail felony or misdemeanor involving violence to a person or the use or possession of a firearm, location-restricted knife, or club, as those terms are defined by Section 46.01, Penal Code, or a prohibited weapon, as described by Section 46.05, Penal Code.
(a-1)  A child accused of a Class C misdemeanor, other than a traffic offense, may be referred to a first offender program established under this section prior to the filing of a complaint with a criminal court.
(b)  Each juvenile board in the county in which a first offender program is established shall designate one or more law enforcement officers and agencies, which may be law enforcement agencies, to process a child under the first offender program.
(c)  The disposition of a child under the first offender program may not take place until guidelines for the disposition have been adopted by the juvenile board of the county in which the disposition is made as required by Section 52.032.
Text of subsection as amended by Acts 2013, 83rd Leg., R.S., Ch. 1407 (S.B. 393), Sec. 16
(d)  A law enforcement officer taking a child into custody or accusing a child of an offense described in Subsection (a)(2) may refer the child to the law enforcement officer or agency designated under Subsection (b) for disposition under the first offender program and not refer the child to juvenile court or a court of competent criminal jurisdiction only if:
(1)  the child has not previously been adjudicated as having engaged in delinquent conduct;
(2)  the referral complies with guidelines for disposition under Subsection (c); and
(3)  the officer reports in writing the referral to the agency, identifying the child and specifying the grounds for taking the child into custody or accusing a child of an offense described in Subsection (a)(2).
Text of subsection as amended by Acts 2013, 83rd Leg., R.S., Ch. 1409 (S.B. 1114), Sec. 8
(d)  A law enforcement officer taking a child into custody for conduct described by Subsection (a) or before issuing a citation to a child for an offense described by Subsection (a-1) may refer the child to the law enforcement officer or agency designated under Subsection (b) for disposition under the first offender program and not refer the child to juvenile court for the conduct or file a complaint with a criminal court for the offense only if:
(1)  the child has not previously been adjudicated as having engaged in delinquent conduct;
(2)  the referral complies with guidelines for disposition under Subsection (c); and
(3)  the officer reports in writing the referral to the agency, identifying the child and specifying the grounds for taking the child into custody or for accusing the child of an offense.
(e)  A child referred for disposition under the first offender program may not be detained in law enforcement custody.
Text of subsection as amended by Acts 2013, 83rd Leg., R.S., Ch. 1407 (S.B. 393), Sec. 16
(f)  The parent, guardian, or other custodian of the child must receive notice that the child has been referred for disposition under the first offender program.  The notice must:
(1)  state the grounds for taking the child into custody or accusing a child of an offense described in Subsection (a)(2);
(2)  identify the law enforcement officer or agency to which the child was referred;
(3)  briefly describe the nature of the program; and
(4)  state that the child's failure to complete the program will result in the child being referred to the juvenile court or a court of competent criminal jurisdiction.
Text of subsection as amended by Acts 2013, 83rd Leg., R.S., Ch. 1409 (S.B. 1114), Sec. 8
(f)  The parent, guardian, or other custodian of the child must receive notice that the child has been referred for disposition under the first offender program.  The notice must:
(1)  state the grounds for taking the child into custody for conduct described by Subsection (a), or for accusing the child of an offense described by Subsection (a-1);
(2)  identify the law enforcement officer or agency to which the child was referred;
(3)  briefly describe the nature of the program; and
(4)  state that the child's failure to complete the program will result in the child being referred to the juvenile court for the conduct or a complaint being filed with a criminal court for the offense.
(g)  The child and the parent, guardian, or other custodian of the child must consent to participation by the child in the first offender program.
(h)  Disposition under a first offender program may include:
(1)  voluntary restitution by the child or the parent, guardian, or other custodian of the child to the victim of the conduct of the child;
(2)  voluntary community service restitution by the child;
(3)  educational, vocational training, counseling, or other rehabilitative services;  and
(4)  periodic reporting by the child to the law enforcement officer or agency to which the child has been referred.
Text of subsection as amended by Acts 2013, 83rd Leg., R.S., Ch. 1407 (S.B. 393), Sec. 16
(i)  The case of a child who successfully completes the first offender program is closed and may not be referred to juvenile court or a court of competent criminal jurisdiction, unless the child is taken into custody under circumstances described by Subsection (j)(3).
Text of subsection as amended by Acts 2013, 83rd Leg., R.S., Ch. 1409 (S.B. 1114), Sec. 8
(i)  The case of a child who successfully completes the first offender program is closed and may not be referred to juvenile court or filed with a criminal court, unless the child is taken into custody under circumstances described by Subsection (j)(3).
Text of subsection as amended by Acts 2013, 83rd Leg., R.S., Ch. 1407 (S.B. 393), Sec. 16
(j)  The case of a child referred for disposition under the first offender program shall be referred to juvenile court or a court of competent criminal jurisdiction if:
(1)  the child fails to complete the program;
(2)  the child or the parent, guardian, or other custodian of the child terminates the child's participation in the program before the child completes it; or
(3)  the child completes the program but is taken into custody under Section 52.01 before the 90th day after the date the child completes the program for conduct other than the conduct for which the child was referred to the first offender program.
Text of subsection as amended by Acts 2013, 83rd Leg., R.S., Ch. 1409 (S.B. 1114), Sec. 8
(j)  The case of a child referred for disposition under the first offender program shall be referred to juvenile court or, if the child is accused of an offense described by Subsection (a-1), filed with a criminal court if:
(1)  the child fails to complete the program;
(2)  the child or the parent, guardian, or other custodian of the child terminates the child's participation in the program before the child completes it; or
(3)  the child completes the program but is taken into custody under Section 52.01 before the 90th day after the date the child completes the program for conduct other than the conduct for which the child was referred to the first offender program.
(k)  A statement made by a child to a person giving advice or supervision or participating in the first offender program may not be used against the child in any proceeding under this title or any criminal proceeding.
(l)  The law enforcement agency must report to the juvenile board in December of each year the following:
(1)  the last known address of the child, including the census tract;
(2)  the gender and ethnicity of the child referred to the program;  and
(3)  the offense committed by the child.
Added by Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 262, Sec. 19, eff. Jan. 1, 1996.  Amended by Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 48, Sec. 2, eff. Sept. 1, 1999.
Amended by:
Acts 2013, 83rd Leg., R.S., Ch. 1407 (S.B. 393), Sec. 16, eff. September 1, 2013.
Acts 2013, 83rd Leg., R.S., Ch. 1409 (S.B. 1114), Sec. 8, eff. September 1, 2013.
Acts 2017, 85th Leg., R.S., Ch. 1049 (H.B. 1935), Sec. 1, eff. September 1, 2017.