reglab/statecodes huggingface dataset:
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 34 - Property › Chapter 34-36.1 - Condominium Law › Article III - Management of Condominium › Section 34-36.1-3.10. - Voting — Proxies.

§ 34-36.1-3.10. Voting — Proxies.
(a)
If only one of the multiple owners of a unit is present at a meeting of the association, that person is entitled to cast all the votes allocated to that unit. If more than one of the multiple owners are present, the votes allocated to that unit may be cast only in accordance with the agreement of a majority in interest of the multiple owners, unless the declaration expressly provides otherwise. There is majority agreement if any one of the multiple owners casts the votes allocated to that unit without protest being made promptly to the person presiding over the meeting by any of the other owners of the unit.
(b)
Votes allocated to a unit may be cast pursuant to a proxy duly executed by a unit owner. If a unit is owned by more than one person, each owner of the unit may vote or register protest to the casting of votes by the other owners of the unit through a duly executed proxy. A unit owner may not revoke a proxy given pursuant to this section except by actual notice of revocation to the person presiding over a meeting of the association. A proxy is void if it is not dated or purports to be revocable without notice. A proxy terminates one year after its date, unless it specifies a shorter term.
(c)
If the declaration requires that votes on specified matters affecting the condominium be cast by lessees rather than unit owners of leased units: (1) the provisions of subsections (a) and (b) apply to lessees as if they were unit owners; (2) unit owners who have leased their units to other persons may not cast votes on those specified matters; and (3) lessees are entitled to notice of meetings, access to records, and other rights respecting those matters as if they were unit owners. Unit owners must also be given notice, in the manner provided in § 34-36.1-3.08, of all meetings at which lessees may be entitled to vote.
(d)
No votes allocated to a unit owned by the association may be cast.
History of Section.
P.L. 1982, ch. 329, § 2.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 34 - Property › Chapter 34-36.1 - Condominium Law › Article III - Management of Condominium › Section 34-36.1-3.11. - Tort and contract liability.

§ 34-36.1-3.11. Tort and contract liability.
Neither the association nor any unit owner except the declarant is liable for that declarant’s torts in connection with any part of the condominium which that declarant has the responsibility to maintain. Otherwise, an action alleging a wrong done by the association must be brought against the association and not against any unit owner. If the wrong occurred during any period of declarant control and the association gives the declarant reasonable notice of and an opportunity to defend against the action, the declarant who then controlled the association is liable to the association or to any unit owner: (1) for all tort losses not covered by insurance suffered by the association or that unit owner, and (2) for all costs which the association would not have incurred but for a breach of contract or other wrongful act or omission. Whenever the declarant is liable to the association under this section, the declarant is also liable for all litigation expenses, including reasonable attorneys’ fees, incurred by the association. Any statute of limitation affecting the association’s right of action under this section is tolled until the period of declarant control terminates. A unit owner is not precluded from bringing an action contemplated by this section because he or she is a unit owner or a member or officer of the association. Liens resulting from judgments against the association are governed by § 34-36.1-3.17.
History of Section.
P.L. 1982, ch. 329, § 2.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 34 - Property › Chapter 34-36.1 - Condominium Law › Article III - Management of Condominium › Section 34-36.1-3.12. - Conveyance or encumbrance of common elements.

§ 34-36.1-3.12. Conveyance or encumbrance of common elements.
(a)
Portions of the common elements may be conveyed or subjected to a security interest or mortgage by the association if persons entitled to cast at least eighty percent (80%) of the votes in the association, including eighty percent (80%) of the votes allocated to units not owned by a declarant, or any larger percentage the declaration specifies, agree to that action; but all the owners of units to which any limited common element is allocated must agree in order to convey that limited common element or subject it to a security interest or mortgage. The declaration may specify a smaller percentage only if all of the units are restricted exclusively to nonresidential uses. Proceeds of the sale are an asset of the association.
(b)
An agreement to convey common elements or subject them to a security interest must be evidenced by the execution of an agreement, or ratifications thereof, in the same manner as a deed, by the requisite number of unit owners. The agreement must specify a date after which the agreement will be void unless recorded before that date. The agreement and all ratifications thereof must be recorded in every municipality in which a portion of the condominium is situated, and is effective only upon recordation.
(c)
The association, on behalf of the unit owners, may contract to convey common elements, or subject them to a security interest, but the contract is not enforceable against the association until approved pursuant to subsections (a) and (b). Thereafter, the association has all powers necessary and appropriate to effect the conveyance or encumbrance, including the power to execute deeds or other instruments.
(d)
Any purported conveyance, encumbrance, judicial sale or other voluntary transfer of common elements, unless made pursuant to this section, is void.
(e)
A conveyance or encumbrance of common elements pursuant to this section does not deprive any unit of its rights of access and support.
(f)
Unless the declaration otherwise provides, a conveyance or encumbrance of common elements pursuant to this section does not affect the priority or validity of preexisting encumbrances.
History of Section.
P.L. 1982, ch. 329, § 2.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 34 - Property › Chapter 34-36.1 - Condominium Law › Article III - Management of Condominium › Section 34-36.1-3.14. - Surplus funds.

§ 34-36.1-3.14. Surplus funds.
Unless otherwise provided in the declaration, any surplus funds of the association remaining after payment of or provision for common expenses and any prepayment of reserves must be paid to the unit owners in proportion to their common expense liability or credited to them to reduce their future common expense assessments.
History of Section.
P.L. 1982, ch. 329, § 2.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 34 - Property › Chapter 34-36.1 - Condominium Law › Article III - Management of Condominium › Section 34-36.1-3.17. - Other liens affecting the condominium.

§ 34-36.1-3.17. Other liens affecting the condominium.
(a)
Except as provided in subsection (b), a judgment for money against the association if recorded is not a lien on the common elements, but is a lien in favor of the judgment lienholder against all of the units in the condominium at the time the judgment was entered. No other property of a unit owner is subject to the claims of creditors of the association.
(b)
If the association has granted a security interest in the common elements to a creditor or the association pursuant to § 34-36.1-3.12, the holder of that security interest shall exercise its right against the common elements before its judgment lien on any unit may be enforced.
(c)
Whether perfected before or after the creation of the condominium, if a lien other than a deed of trust or mortgage, including a judgment lien or lien attributable to work performed or materials supplied before creation of the condominium, becomes effective against two (2) or more units, the unit owner of an affected unit may pay to the lienholder the amount of the lien attributable to his or her unit, and the lienholder, upon receipt of payment, promptly shall deliver a release of the lien covering that unit. The amount of the payment must be proportionate to the ratio which that unit owner’s common expense liability bears to the common expense liabilities of all unit owners whose units are subject to the lien. After payment, the association may not assess or have a lien against that unit owner’s unit for any portion of the common expenses incurred in connection with that lien.
(d)
A judgment against the association must be indexed in the name of the condominium and the association and, when so indexed, is notice of the lien against the units.
History of Section.
P.L. 1982, ch. 329, § 2.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 34 - Property › Chapter 34-36.1 - Condominium Law › Article III - Management of Condominium › Section 34-36.1-3.18. - Association records.

§ 34-36.1-3.18. Association records.
The association shall keep financial records sufficiently detailed to enable the association to comply with § 34-36.1-4.09. All financial and other records shall be made reasonably available for examination within thirty (30) days of a request by any unit owner and his or her authorized agent.
History of Section.
P.L. 1982, ch. 329, § 2; P.L. 2019, ch. 285, § 1; P.L. 2019, ch. 309, § 1.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 34 - Property › Chapter 34-36.1 - Condominium Law › Article III - Management of Condominium › Section 34-36.1-3.19. - Association as trustee.

§ 34-36.1-3.19. Association as trustee.
With respect to a third person dealing with the association in the association’s capacity as a trustee, the existence of trust powers and their proper exercise by the association may be assumed without inquiry. A third person is not bound to inquire whether the association has power to act as trustee or is properly exercising trust powers. A third person, without actual knowledge that the association is exceeding or improperly exercising its powers, is fully protected in dealing with the association as if it possessed and properly exercised the powers it purports to exercise. A third person is not bound to assure the proper application of trust assets paid or delivered to the association in its capacity as trustee.
History of Section.
P.L. 1982, ch. 329, § 2.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 34 - Property › Chapter 34-36.1 - Condominium Law › Article III - Management of Condominium › Section 34-36.1-3.20. - Enforcement of declaration, by-laws and rules.

§ 34-36.1-3.20. Enforcement of declaration, by-laws and rules.
(a)
An executive board may impose and assess fines against a unit owner as a method of enforcing the association’s declaration, bylaws, and rules and regulations. Such fines may include, but are not limited to, daily fines for continued violative conduct in the future. Notice and the opportunity for a hearing must be provided to an alleged violator before a fine is imposed and assessed. All fines shall be a lien on the unit charged.
(b)
Daily fines imposed and assessed pursuant to this section shall be no more than one hundred dollars ($100) per day for residential condominiums nor more than five hundred dollars ($500) per day for commercial condominiums.
(c)
Fines other than daily fines imposed and assessed pursuant to this section shall be no more than five hundred dollars ($500) for residential condominiums and no more than one thousand dollars ($1,000) for commercial condominiums.
(d)
Any condominium declaration, bylaw, rule or regulation which purports to establish a maximum fine or daily fine shall be invalid.
(e)
Hearings conducted pursuant to this section shall be before the executive board or a person designated by the executive board.
(f)
A decision in a hearing held pursuant to this section must include costs in all cases and reasonable attorney’s fees, if the prevailing party is represented by a member of the Rhode Island Bar. Such attorney’s fees and costs shall also be a lien on the unit charged.
History of Section.
P.L. 1991, ch. 247, § 2.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 34 - Property › Chapter 34-36.1 - Condominium Law › Article IV - Protection of Condominium Purchasers › Section 34-36.1-4.01. - Applicability — Waiver.

§ 34-36.1-4.01. Applicability — Waiver.
(a)
This article applies to all units subject to this chapter except as provided in subsection (b) or as modified or waived by agreement of purchasers of units in a condominium in which all units are restricted to nonresidential use.
(b)
Neither a public offering statement nor a resale certificate need be prepared or delivered in the case of:
(1)
A gratuitous disposition of a unit;
(2)
A disposition pursuant to court order;
(3)
A disposition by a government or governmental agency;
(4)
A disposition by foreclosure or deed in lieu of foreclosure;
(5)
A disposition to a person in the business of selling real estate who intends to offer those units to purchasers or;
(6)
A disposition that may be cancelled at any time and for any reason by the purchaser without penalty.
History of Section.
P.L. 1982, ch. 329, § 2.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 34 - Property › Chapter 34-36.1 - Condominium Law › Article IV - Protection of Condominium Purchasers › Section 34-36.1-4.02. - Liability for public offering statement requirements.

§ 34-36.1-4.02. Liability for public offering statement requirements.
(a)
Except as provided in subsection (b), a declarant, prior to the offering of any interest in a unit to the public, shall prepare a public offering statement conforming to the requirements of §§ 34-36.1-4.03 — 34-36.1-4.06.
(b)
A declarant may transfer responsibility for preparation of all or a part of the public offering statement to a successor declarant or to a person in the business of selling real estate who intends to offer units in the condominium for his or her own account. In the event of any such transfer, the transferor shall provide the transferee with any information necessary to enable the transferee to fulfill the requirements of subsection (a).
(c)
Any declarant or other person in the business of selling real estate who offers a unit for his or her own account to a purchaser shall deliver a public offering statement in the manner prescribed in § 34-36.1-4.08(a). As between the declarant or other person specified in subsection (b), the person who prepared all or a part of the public offering statement is liable under §§ 34-36.1-4.08 — 34-36.1-4.17 for any false or misleading statement set forth therein or for any omission of material fact therefrom with respect to that portion of the public offering statement which declarant prepared. If a declarant did not prepare any part of a public offering statement that he or she delivers, he or she is not liable for any false or misleading statement set forth therein or for any omission of material fact therefrom unless declarant had actual knowledge of the statement or omission or, in the exercise of reasonable care, should have known of the statement or omission.
(d)
If a unit is part of a condominium and is part of any other real estate regime in connection with the sale of which the delivery of a public offering statement is required under the laws of this state, a single public offering statement conforming to the requirements of §§ 34-36.1-4.03 — 34-36.1-4.06 as those requirements relate to all real estate regimes in which the unit is located, and to any other requirements imposed under the laws of this state, may be prepared and delivered in lieu of providing two (2) or more public offering statements.
History of Section.
P.L. 1982, ch. 329, § 2.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 34 - Property › Chapter 34-36.1 - Condominium Law › Article IV - Protection of Condominium Purchasers › Section 34-36.1-4.05. - Public offering statement — Time shares.

§ 34-36.1-4.05. Public offering statement — Time shares.
If the declaration provides that ownership or occupancy of any units is or may be in time shares, the public offering statement shall disclose, in addition to the information required by § 34-41-4.03:
(1)
The number and identity of units in which time shares may be created;
(2)
The total number of time shares that may be created;
(3)
The minimum duration of any time shares that may be created; and
(4)
The extent to which the creation of time shares will or may affect the enforceability of the association’s lien for assessments provided in § 34-36.1-3.16.
History of Section.
P.L. 1982, ch. 329, § 2; P.L. 1984, ch. 141, § 3.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 34 - Property › Chapter 34-36.1 - Condominium Law › Article IV - Protection of Condominium Purchasers › Section 34-36.1-4.06. - Public offering statement — Condominiums containing conversion buildings.

§ 34-36.1-4.06. Public offering statement — Condominiums containing conversion buildings.
(a)
The public offering statement of a condominium containing any conversion building must contain, in addition to the information required by § 34-36.1-4.03:
(1)
A statement by the declarant, based on a report prepared by a registered architect or engineer, describing the present condition of all structural components and mechanical and electrical installations material to the use and enjoyment of the building;
(2)
A statement by the declarant of the expected useful life of each item reported on in subdivision (a)(1) or a statement that no representations are made in that regard; and
(3)
A list of any outstanding notices of incurred violations of building code or other municipal regulations, together with the estimated cost of curing those violations.
(b)
This section applies only to buildings containing units that may be occupied for residential use.
History of Section.
P.L. 1982, ch. 329, § 2.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 34 - Property › Chapter 34-36.1 - Condominium Law › Article IV - Protection of Condominium Purchasers › Section 34-36.1-4.07. - Public offering statement — Condominium securities.

§ 34-36.1-4.07. Public offering statement — Condominium securities.
If an interest in a condominium is currently registered with the securities and exchange commission of the United States, a declarant satisfies all requirements relating to the preparation of a public offering statement of this chapter if he delivers to the purchaser a copy of the public offering statement filed with the securities and exchange commission.
History of Section.
P.L. 1982, ch. 329, § 2.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 34 - Property › Chapter 34-36.1 - Condominium Law › Article IV - Protection of Condominium Purchasers › Section 34-36.1-4.08. - Purchaser’s rights to cancel.

§ 34-36.1-4.08. Purchaser’s rights to cancel.
(a)
A person required to deliver a public offering statement pursuant to § 34-36.1-4.02(c) shall provide a purchaser of a unit with a copy of the public offering statement and all amendments thereto before conveyance of that unit, and not later than the date of any contract of sale. Unless a purchaser is given the public offering statement more than ten (10) days before execution of a contract for the purchase of a unit the purchaser, before conveyance, may cancel the contract within ten (10) days after first receiving the public offering statement.
(b)
If a purchaser elects to cancel a contract pursuant to subsection (a), he or she may do so by hand delivering notice thereof to the offeror or by mailing notice thereof by prepaid United States mail to the offeror or offeror’s agent for service of process. Cancellation is without penalty, and all payments made by the purchaser before cancellation shall be refunded promptly.
(c)
If a person required to deliver a public offering statement pursuant to § 34-36.1-4.02(c) fails to provide a purchaser to whom a unit is conveyed with that public offering statement and all amendments thereto as required by subsection (a), the purchaser, in addition to any rights to damages or other relief, is entitled to receive from that person an amount equal to ten percent (10%) of the sales price of the unit.
History of Section.
P.L. 1982, ch. 329, § 2.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 34 - Property › Chapter 34-36.1 - Condominium Law › Article IV - Protection of Condominium Purchasers › Section 34-36.1-4.10. - Escrow of deposits.

§ 34-36.1-4.10. Escrow of deposits.
Any deposit made in connection with the purchase or reservation of a unit from a person required to deliver a public offering statement pursuant to § 34-36.1-4.02(c) shall be placed in escrow and held either in this state or in the state where the unit is located in an account designated solely for that purpose by a licensed title insurance company, an attorney, a licensed real estate broker, an independent bonded escrow company, or any financial institution whose deposits are insured until:
(1)
Delivered to the declarant at closing;
(2)
Delivered to the declarant because of purchaser’s default under a contract to purchase the unit; or
(3)
Refunded to the purchaser.
History of Section.
P.L. 1982, ch. 329, § 2.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 34 - Property › Chapter 34-36.1 - Condominium Law › Article IV - Protection of Condominium Purchasers › Section 34-36.1-4.11. - Release of liens.

§ 34-36.1-4.11. Release of liens.
(a)
In the case of a sale of a unit where delivery of a public offering statement is required pursuant to § 34-36.1-4.02(c), a seller shall, before conveying a unit, record or furnish to the purchaser releases of all liens affecting that unit and its common element interest which the purchaser does not expressly agree to take subject to or assume. This subsection does not apply to any real estate which a declarant has the right to withdraw.
(b)
Before conveying real estate to the association the declarant shall have that real estate released from:
(1)
All liens the foreclosure of which would deprive unit owners of any right of access to or easement of support of their units, and
(2)
All other liens on that real estate unless the public offering statement describes certain real estate which may be conveyed subject to liens in specified amounts.
History of Section.
P.L. 1982, ch. 329, § 2.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 34 - Property › Chapter 34-36.1 - Condominium Law › Article IV - Protection of Condominium Purchasers › Section 34-36.1-4.13. - Express warranties of quality.

§ 34-36.1-4.13. Express warranties of quality.
(a)
Express warranties made by any seller to a purchaser of a unit, if relied upon by the purchaser, are created as follows:
(1)
Any written or printed affirmation of fact or promise which relates to the unit, its use, or rights appurtenant thereto, area improvements to the condominium that would directly benefit the unit, or the right to use or have the benefit of facilities not located in the condominium, creates an express warranty that the unit and related rights and uses will conform to the affirmation or promise;
(2)
Any model or description of the physical characteristics of the condominium, including plans and specifications of or for improvements, creates an express warranty that the condominium will substantially conform to the model or description;
(3)
Any description of the quantity or extent of the real estate comprising the condominium, including plats or surveys, creates an express warranty that the condominium will conform to the description, subject to customary tolerances; and
(4)
A provision that a buyer may put a unit only to a specified use is an express warranty that the specified use is lawful.
(b)
Neither formal words, such as “warranty” or “guarantee,” nor a specific intention to make a warranty, are necessary to create an express warranty of quality, but a statement purporting to be merely an opinion or commendation of the real estate or its value does not create a warranty.
(c)
Any conveyance of a unit transfers to the purchaser all express warranties of quality made by previous sellers.
History of Section.
P.L. 1982, ch. 329, § 2.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 34 - Property › Chapter 34-36.1 - Condominium Law › Article IV - Protection of Condominium Purchasers › Section 34-36.1-4.14. - Implied warranties of quality.

§ 34-36.1-4.14. Implied warranties of quality.
(a)
A declarant and any person in the business of selling real estate for his or her own account warrants that a unit will be in at least as good condition at the earlier of the time of the conveyance or delivery of possession as it was at the time of contracting, reasonable wear and tear excepted.
(b)
A declarant and any person in the business of selling real estate for his or her own account impliedly warrants that a unit and the common elements in the condominium are suitable for the ordinary uses of real estate of its type and that any improvements made or contracted for by him or her, or made by any person before the creation of the condominium, will be:
(1)
Free from defective materials; and
(2)
Constructed in accordance with applicable law, according to sound engineering and construction standards, and in a workmanlike manner.
(c)
In addition, a declarant and any person in the business of selling real estate for his or her own account warrants to a purchaser of a unit that may be used for residential use that an existing use, continuation of which is contemplated by the parties, does not violate applicable law at the earlier of the time of conveyance or delivery of possession.
(d)
Warranties imposed by this section may be excluded or modified as specified in § 34-36.1-4.15.
(e)
For purposes of this section, improvements made or contracted for by an affiliate of a declarant are made or contracted for by the declarant.
(f)
Any conveyance of a unit transfers to the purchaser all of the declarant’s implied warranties of quality.
History of Section.
P.L. 1982, ch. 329, § 2.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 34 - Property › Chapter 34-36.1 - Condominium Law › Article IV - Protection of Condominium Purchasers › Section 34-36.1-4.15. - Exclusion or modification of implied warranties of quality.

§ 34-36.1-4.15. Exclusion or modification of implied warranties of quality.
(a)
Except as limited by subsection (b) with respect to a purchaser of a unit that may be used for residential use, implied warranties of quality:
(1)
May be excluded or modified by agreement of the parties; and
(2)
Are excluded by expression of disclaimer, such as “as is,” “with all faults,” or other language which in common understanding calls the buyer’s attention to the exclusion of warranties.
(b)
With respect to a purchaser of a unit that may be occupied for residential use, no general disclaimer of implied warranties of quality is effective, but a declarant may disclaim liability in an instrument signed by the purchaser for a specified defect or specified failure to comply with applicable law, if the defect or failure entered into and became a part of the basis of the bargain.
History of Section.
P.L. 1982, ch. 329, § 2.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 34 - Property › Chapter 34-36.1 - Condominium Law › Article IV - Protection of Condominium Purchasers › Section 34-36.1-4.16. - Statute of limitations for warranties.

§ 34-36.1-4.16. Statute of limitations for warranties.
(a)
A judicial proceeding for breach of any obligation arising under § 34-36.1-4.13 or § 34-36.1-4.14 must be commenced within six (6) years after the cause of action accrues, but the parties may agree to reduce the period of limitation to not less than two (2) years. With respect to a unit that may be occupied for residential use, an agreement to reduce the period of limitation must be evidenced by a separate instrument executed by the purchaser.
(b)
Subject to subsection (c), a cause of action for breach of warranty of quality, regardless of the purchaser’s lack of knowledge of the breach, accrues:
(1)
As to a unit, at the time the purchaser to whom the warranty is first made enters into possession if a possessory interest was conveyed or at the time of acceptance of the instrument of conveyance if a nonpossessory interest was conveyed; and
(2)
As to each common element, at the time the common element is completed or, if later:
(i)
As to a common element that may be added to the condominium or portion thereof, at the time the first unit therein is conveyed to a bona fide purchaser, or
(ii)
As to a common element within any other portion of the condominium, at the time the first unit in the condominium is conveyed to a bona fide purchaser.
(c)
If a warranty of quality explicitly extends to future performance or duration of any improvement or component of the condominium, the cause of action accrues at the time the breach is discovered or at the end of the period for which the warranty explicitly extends, whichever is earlier.
History of Section.
P.L. 1982, ch. 329, § 2.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 34 - Property › Chapter 34-36.1 - Condominium Law › Article IV - Protection of Condominium Purchasers › Section 34-36.1-4.17. - Effect of violations on rights of action — Attorney’s fees.

§ 34-36.1-4.17. Effect of violations on rights of action — Attorney’s fees.
If a declarant or any other person subject to this chapter fails to comply with any provision hereof or any provision of the declaration or bylaws, any person or class of persons adversely affected by the failure to comply has a claim for appropriate relief. Punitive damages may be awarded in the case of a willful failure to comply with this chapter. The court, in an appropriate case, may award reasonable attorney’s fees.
History of Section.
P.L. 1982, ch. 329, § 2.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 34 - Property › Chapter 34-36.1 - Condominium Law › Article IV - Protection of Condominium Purchasers › Section 34-36.1-4.18. - Labeling of promotional material.

§ 34-36.1-4.18. Labeling of promotional material.
If any improvement contemplated in a condominium is labeled “NEED NOT BE BUILT” on a plat or plan, or is to be located within a portion of the condominium with respect to which the declarant has reserved a development right, no promotional material may be displayed or delivered to prospective purchasers which describes or portrays that improvement unless the description or portrayal of the improvement in the promotional material is conspicuously labeled or identified as “NEED NOT BE BUILT.”
History of Section.
P.L. 1982, ch. 329, § 2.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 34 - Property › Chapter 34-36.1 - Condominium Law › Article IV - Protection of Condominium Purchasers › Section 34-36.1-4.19. - Declarant’s obligation to complete and restore.

§ 34-36.1-4.19. Declarant’s obligation to complete and restore.
(a)
The declarant shall complete all improvements labeled “MUST BE BUILT” on plats or plans prepared pursuant to § 34-36.1-2.09.
(b)
The declarant is subject to liability for the prompt repair and restoration, to a condition compatible with the remainder of the condominium, of any portion of the condominium affected by the exercise of rights reserved pursuant to or created by §§ 34-36.1-2.10 — 34-36.1-2.13, 34-36.1-2.15 and 34-36.1-2.16.
History of Section.
P.L. 1982, ch. 329, § 2.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 34 - Property › Chapter 34-36.1 - Condominium Law › Article IV - Protection of Condominium Purchasers › Section 34-36.1-4.20. - Substantial completion of units.

§ 34-36.1-4.20. Substantial completion of units.
In the case of a sale of a unit where delivery of a public offering statement is required, a contract of sale may be executed, but no interest in that unit may be conveyed until the declaration is recorded and the unit is substantially completed, as evidenced by a recorded certificate of substantial completion executed by an independent registered architect or engineer, or by issuance of a certificate of occupancy authorized by law.
History of Section.
P.L. 1982, ch. 329, § 2.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 34 - Property › Chapter 34-37 - Rhode Island Fair Housing Practices Act › Section 34-37-2. - Right to equal housing opportunities — Civil rights.

§ 34-37-2. Right to equal housing opportunities — Civil rights.
The right of all individuals in the state to equal housing opportunities regardless of race, color, religion, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, lawful source of income, military status as a veteran with an honorable discharge or an honorable or general administrative discharge, servicemember in the armed forces, country of ancestral origin, disability, age, familial status, or regardless of the fact that a tenant or applicant or a member of the household is, or has been, or is threatened with being the victim of domestic abuse, or that the tenant or applicant has obtained, or sought, or is seeking, relief from any court in the form of a restraining order for protection from domestic abuse, is hereby recognized as, and declared to be, a civil right. Nothing in this section shall prevent a landlord from proceeding with eviction action against a tenant who fails to comply with § 34-18-24(7).
History of Section.
P.L. 1965, ch. 27, § 1; P.L. 1977, ch. 214, § 1; P.L. 1979, ch. 144, § 3; P.L. 1988, ch. 455, § 1; P.L. 1990, ch. 398, § 1; P.L. 1995, ch. 32, § 2; P.L. 1997, ch. 150, § 8; P.L. 2001, ch. 340, § 2; P.L. 2002, ch. 118, § 2; P.L. 2002, ch. 224, § 2; P.L. 2015, ch. 161, § 1; P.L. 2015, ch. 180, § 1; P.L. 2021, ch. 3, § 1, effective April 15, 2021; P.L. 2021, ch. 4, § 1, effective April 15, 2021.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 34 - Property › Chapter 34-37 - Rhode Island Fair Housing Practices Act › Section 34-37-2.1. - Right to equal housing opportunities — Age.

§ 34-37-2.1. Right to equal housing opportunities — Age.
Whenever in this chapter there shall appear the word “sex” there shall be inserted immediately thereafter the word “age.”
History of Section.
P.L. 1979, ch. 144, § 3.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 34 - Property › Chapter 34-37 - Rhode Island Fair Housing Practices Act › Section 34-37-2.2. - Right to equal housing opportunities — Sexual orientation.

§ 34-37-2.2. Right to equal housing opportunities — Sexual orientation.
Whenever in this chapter there shall appear the word “sex” there shall be inserted immediately thereafter the words “sexual orientation”.
History of Section.
P.L. 1995, ch. 32, § 1.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 34 - Property › Chapter 34-37 - Rhode Island Fair Housing Practices Act › Section 34-37-2.3. - Right to equal housing opportunities — Gender identity or expression.

§ 34-37-2.3. Right to equal housing opportunities — Gender identity or expression.
Whenever in this chapter there shall appear the words “sexual orientation” there shall be inserted immediately thereafter the words “gender identity or expression.”
History of Section.
P.L. 2001, ch. 340, § 1.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 34 - Property › Chapter 34-37 - Rhode Island Fair Housing Practices Act › Section 34-37-2.4. - Right to equal housing opportunities — Victims of domestic violence status.

§ 34-37-2.4. Right to equal housing opportunities — Victims of domestic violence status.
It shall be unlawful and against public policy to discriminate against a tenant or applicant for housing solely on the basis that said tenant or applicant is a victim of domestic violence.
History of Section.
P.L. 2002, ch. 118, § 1; P.L. 2002, ch. 224, § 1.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 34 - Property › Chapter 34-37 - Rhode Island Fair Housing Practices Act › Section 34-37-4.1. - Discrimination in familial status — Exemptions.

§ 34-37-4.1. Discrimination in familial status — Exemptions.
(a)
Nothing in this chapter requires an owner of a housing accommodation to rent to a family with children if:
(1)
The housing accommodation is two (2) units, one of which is occupied by the owner;
(2)
The housing accommodation is of four (4) units or less, the owner actually maintains and occupies one of those living quarters as his or her residence and one of those units is already occupied by a senior citizen or infirm person for whom the presence of children would constitute a demonstrated hardship;
(3)
The housing accommodation was provided under any state or federal program which is designed and operated to assist elderly persons;
(4)
The housing accommodation is intended for and solely occupied by persons sixty-two (62) years of age or older; or
(5)
The housing accommodation is intended and operated for occupancy by at least one person fifty-five (55) years of age or older per unit. Provided that:
(i)
At least eighty percent (80%) of the units are occupied by at least one person fifty-five (55) years of age or older per unit; and
(ii)
The housing accommodation has significant facilities and services designed to meet the physical or social needs of older persons, or if the provisions of those facilities and services is not practicable, that the housing is necessary to provide important opportunities for older persons;
(iii)
The owner or manager has published and adhered to policies and procedures which demonstrate an intent to provide housing for persons fifty-five (55) years of age or older.
(b)(1)
An exemption under subsections (a)(4) and (a)(5) can be claimed if the housing did not meet the requirements of subsections (a)(4) and (a)(5) as of September 13, 1988 only if:
(i)
New occupants of the housing met the age requirements of subsections (a)(4) and (a)(5) after September 13, 1988; or
(ii)
Unoccupied units were reserved for occupancy by persons who met the age requirements of subsections (a)(4) and (a)(5) after September 13, 1988;
(2)
An owner will not violate the prohibitions against age discrimination in housing contained in § 34-37-4 if the owner asks the age of prospective or actual tenants or buyers, or if the owner grants a preference to older prospective tenants or buyers so long as the housing meets the requirements of subsection (a)(4) or (a)(5) or if the owner is seeking to determine whether the housing meets the requirements of subsection (a)(4) or (a)(5).
History of Section.
P.L. 1973, ch. 150, § 1; P.L. 1979, ch. 144, §§ 3, 4; P.L. 1988, ch. 455, § 1; P.L. 1990, ch. 398, § 1; P.L. 2009, ch. 310, § 13.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 34 - Property › Chapter 34-37 - Rhode Island Fair Housing Practices Act › Section 34-37-4.2. - Exemptions — Religious organizations and private clubs.

§ 34-37-4.2. Exemptions — Religious organizations and private clubs.
(a)
Nothing in this chapter shall prohibit a religious organization, association, or society or any nonprofit institution or organization operated, supervised, or controlled by or in conjunction with a religious organization, association, or society from limiting the sale, rental, or occupancy of a dwelling which it owns or operates for other than commercial purposes to persons of the same religion or from giving preference to those persons unless membership in the religion is restricted on account of sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, race, color, or national origin or disability. Nor shall anything in this chapter prohibit a private club not in fact open to the public which as an incident to its primary purpose or purposes provides lodgings which it owns or operates for other than a commercial purpose from limiting the rental or occupancy of the lodgings to its members or from giving preference to its members.
(b)
Nothing in this chapter limits the applicability of any reasonable local, state, or federal restrictions regarding the maximum number of occupants permitted to occupy a dwelling.
History of Section.
P.L. 1979, ch. 144, § 3; P.L. 1988, ch. 455, § 1; P.L. 1990, ch. 398, § 1; P.L. 1995, ch. 32, § 2; P.L. 1997, ch. 150, § 8; P.L. 2001, ch. 340, § 2.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 34 - Property › Chapter 34-37 - Rhode Island Fair Housing Practices Act › Section 34-37-4.3. - Discrimination in granting credit or loans prohibited.

§ 34-37-4.3. Discrimination in granting credit or loans prohibited.
No financial organization governed by the provisions of title 19 or any other credit granting commercial institution may discriminate in the granting or extension of any form of loan or credit, or the privilege or capacity to obtain any form of loan or credit, on the basis of the applicant’s sex, marital status, military status as a veteran with an honorable discharge or an honorable or general administrative discharge, servicemember in the armed forces, race or color, religion or country of ancestral origin, disability or age or familial status, sexual orientation, or gender identity or expression and the form of loan and credit shall not be limited to those concerned with housing accommodations and the commission shall prevent any violation hereof in the same manner as it is to prevent unlawful housing practices under the provisions of this chapter.
History of Section.
P.L. 1990, ch. 398, § 2; P.L. 1995, ch. 32, § 2; P.L. 1997, ch. 150, § 8; P.L. 2001, ch. 340, § 2; P.L. 2015, ch. 161, § 1; P.L. 2015, ch. 180, § 1.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 34 - Property › Chapter 34-37 - Rhode Island Fair Housing Practices Act › Section 34-37-4.4. - [Repealed.]

§ 34-37-4.4. [Repealed.]
History of Section.
P.L. 1995, ch. 32, § 1; repealed by P.L. 2021, ch. 124, § 4, effective July 2, 2021; repealed by P.L. 2021, ch. 125, § 4, effective July 2, 2021.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 34 - Property › Chapter 34-37 - Rhode Island Fair Housing Practices Act › Section 34-37-4.5. - [Repealed.]

§ 34-37-4.5. [Repealed.]
History of Section.
P.L. 2001, ch. 340, § 1; repealed by P.L. 2021, ch. 124, § 4, effective July 2, 2021; repealed by P.L. 2021, ch. 125, § 4, effective July 2, 2021.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 34 - Property › Chapter 34-37 - Rhode Island Fair Housing Practices Act › Section 34-37-4.6. - Discrimination based on lawful source of income — Exemption.

§ 34-37-4.6. Discrimination based on lawful source of income — Exemption.
Nothing in this chapter shall prohibit an owner of a housing accommodation from refusing to rent to a person based on their lawful source of income if the housing accommodation is three (3) units or less, one of which is occupied by the owner.
History of Section.
P.L. 2021, ch. 3, § 2, effective April 15, 2021; P.L. 2021, ch. 4, § 2, effective April 15, 2021.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 34 - Property › Chapter 34-37 - Rhode Island Fair Housing Practices Act › Section 34-37-5.1. - Interference, coercion, or intimidation.

§ 34-37-5.1. Interference, coercion, or intimidation.
It shall be unlawful to coerce, intimidate, threaten, or interfere with any person in the exercise or enjoyment of, or on account of his or her having exercised or enjoyed, or on account of his or her having aided or encouraged any other person in the exercise or enjoyment of, any right granted or protected by this chapter. No owner under this chapter or any agent of these shall discriminate in any manner against any individual because he or she has opposed any practice forbidden by this chapter, or because he or she has made a charge, testified, or assisted in any manner in any investigation, proceeding, or hearing under this chapter.
History of Section.
P.L. 1974, ch. 157, § 1; P.L. 1988, ch. 455, § 1; P.L. 1990, ch. 398, § 1.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 34 - Property › Chapter 34-37 - Rhode Island Fair Housing Practices Act › Section 34-37-5.2. - Discrimination in brokerage services.

§ 34-37-5.2. Discrimination in brokerage services.
It shall be unlawful to deny any person who meets licensing and other non-discriminatory requirements that are also applied to other applicants and members access to, or membership or participation in, any real estate listing service, real estate brokers’ organization, or other service, organization, or facility relating to the business of selling, leasing, or renting a housing accommodation or to discriminate against him or her in the terms or conditions of the access, membership, or participation on account of race, color, religion, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, military status as a veteran with an honorable discharge or an honorable or general administrative discharge, servicemember in the armed forces, country of ancestral origin, disability, age, or familial status.
History of Section.
P.L. 1990, ch. 398, § 2; P.L. 1995, ch. 32, § 2; P.L. 1997, ch. 150, § 8; P.L. 2001, ch. 340, § 2; P.L. 2015, ch. 161, § 1; P.L. 2015, ch. 180, § 1.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 34 - Property › Chapter 34-37 - Rhode Island Fair Housing Practices Act › Section 34-37-5.3. - Fostering of segregated housing prohibited.

§ 34-37-5.3. Fostering of segregated housing prohibited.
It shall be an unlawful discriminatory housing practice to for profit induce, or attempt to induce, any person to sell or rent any dwelling by representations regarding the entry or prospective entry into the neighborhood of a person or persons of a particular race, color, religion, marital status, lawful source of income, military status as a veteran with an honorable discharge or an honorable or general administrative discharge, servicemember in the armed forces, country of ancestral origin, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, age, disability, or familial status.
History of Section.
P.L. 1990, ch. 398, § 2; P.L. 1995, ch. 32, § 2; P.L. 1997, ch. 150, § 8; P.L. 2001, ch. 340, § 2; P.L. 2015, ch. 161, § 1; P.L. 2015, ch. 180, § 1; P.L. 2021, ch. 3, § 1, effective April 15, 2021; P.L. 2021, ch. 4, § 1, effective April 15, 2021.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 34 - Property › Chapter 34-37 - Rhode Island Fair Housing Practices Act › Section 34-37-5.4. - Discrimination in residential real estate related transactions.

§ 34-37-5.4. Discrimination in residential real estate related transactions.
(a)
It shall be unlawful for any person or other entity whose business includes engaging in residential real estate-related transactions to discriminate against any person in making available a transaction, or in the terms and conditions of the transaction, because of race, color, religion, marital status, military status as a veteran with an honorable discharge or an honorable or general administrative discharge, servicemember in the armed forces, country of ancestral origin, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, age, disability, or familial status.
(b)
As used in this section, the term “residential real estate-related transaction” means any of the following:
(1)
The making or purchasing of loans or providing other financial assistance:
(i)
For purchasing, constructing, improving, repairing, or maintaining a dwelling; or
(ii)
Secured by residential real estate.
(2)
The selling, brokering, or appraising of residential real property.
(c)
Nothing in this chapter prohibits a person engaged in the business of furnishing appraisals of real property to take into consideration factors other than race, color, religion, marital status, military status as a veteran with an honorable discharge or an honorable or general administrative discharge, servicemember in the armed forces, country of ancestral origin, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, age, disability, or familial status.
History of Section.
P.L. 1990, ch. 398, § 2; P.L. 1995, ch. 32, § 2; P.L. 1997, ch. 150, § 8; P.L. 2001, ch. 340, § 2; P.L. 2015, ch. 161, § 1; P.L. 2015, ch. 180, § 1.