reglab/statecodes huggingface dataset:
2023 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes › Title 42 - JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE › Chapter 43 - Dockets, Indices and Other Records › Section 4327 - Transfer of custody to local museum upon application

§ 4327. Transfer of custody to local museum upon application.
(a) General rule.--
Any nonprofit public, quasi-public, or private association or corporation situated within the county where the historical documents are filed, which maintains a museum, building or facilities used for the exhibit of historical writings, and which shall have adequate facilities for the display and preservation of such documents, may petition the court of common pleas of the judicial district embracing the county wherein such document or documents are filed for the transfer of the custody of such documents for the purpose of their public display. Upon the filing of any petition, the court shall fix a time for a hearing, and prescribe such notice to be given as shall acquaint similar organizations with the filing of the petition. Any other association or corporation meeting the requirements of this subsection may intervene in the proceedings with the same effect as if it had been the original petitioner, and the court, after hearing, may award custody of any historical document or documents to any of the petitioners for such term and upon such conditions as the court shall prescribe.
(b) Permanent copy substituted for original.--
Upon the granting of a petition transferring custody of any historical documents, the officer from whose custody it was removed shall substitute in his files a certified permanent copy of such document, which shall be of the same force and effect as the original document.
(c) Petition for return of document.--
The appropriate county officer may at any time, without cause, petition the court for the return of any historical document, the custody of which had been previously transferred to any person pursuant to subsection (a).
(d) Order for return on motion of court.--
The court, after having taken jurisdiction of the transfer of any historical document, may, without cause, and upon its own motion, order the person having such temporary custody to return such document to the appropriate office wherein it had been originally filed.
(e) Definition.--
As used in this section "historical document" means any document formerly belonging to a decedent or any other person, which document is more than 50 years old and which is in the custody of a register of wills, the recorder of deeds, the clerk of any court or the prothonotary, except documents relating to adoption, divorce or custody.
2023 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes › Title 42 - JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE › Chapter 44 - Court Interpreters › Extra - Chapter Notes

Enactment.
Chapter 44 was added November 29, 2006, P.L.1538, No.172, effective in 60 days.
Cross References.
Chapter 44 is referred to in sections 562, 582 of Title 2 (Administrative Law and
            Procedure).
Cross References.
Subchapter B is referred to in section 4402 of this title.
Cross References.
Subchapter C is referred to in section 4402 of this title.
2023 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes › Title 42 - JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE › Chapter 44 - Court Interpreters › Section 4401 - Legislative findings and declaration

§ 4401. Legislative findings and declaration.
It is hereby declared to be the policy of this Commonwealth to secure the rights, constitutional and otherwise, of persons who because of a non-English speaking cultural background or who because of an impairment of hearing or speech are unable to understand or communicate adequately in the English language when they appear in court or are involved in judicial proceedings. It is the intent of this chapter to provide for the certification, appointment and use of interpreters to secure the rights of persons with limited English proficiency and persons who are deaf or hearing impaired in all judicial proceedings.
2023 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes › Title 42 - JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE › Chapter 44 - Court Interpreters › Section 4411 - Duties of Court Administrator

§ 4411. Duties of Court Administrator.
(a) Interpreter program.--
The Court Administrator may establish a program to appoint and use certified interpreters in judicial proceedings. The program established by the Court Administrator to certify interpreters may include:
(1) establishing and administering a comprehensive testing and certification program for interpreters;
(2) establishing and adopting standards of proficiency, written and oral, in English and the language to be interpreted;
(3) conducting periodic examinations to ensure the availability of certified interpreters;
(4) prescribing, determining and certifying the qualifications of persons who may serve as certified interpreters for persons with limited English proficiency;
(5) charging reasonable fees as deemed necessary for testing and certification;
(6) reciprocity of certification for interpreters from other jurisdictions, provided that, in the judgment of the Court Administrator, the criteria for certification in the foreign jurisdiction is at least as stringent as that established by the Court Administrator;
(7) providing for the audio recording of testimony that is the subject of interpretation; and
(8) providing a continuing education requirement for interpreters.
(b) List of certified interpreters.--
The Court Administrator shall compile, maintain and disseminate a current list of interpreters certified by the Court Administrator for the courts through any means deemed appropriate by the Court Administrator, including, but not limited to, a written directory, which shall be maintained on file with the office of the clerk of courts in each judicial district, and through publication on the official World Wide Web site of the Administrative Office.
(c) Guidelines for court selection of otherwise qualified interpreters.--
The Court Administrator shall provide guidelines to the courts for the selection and use of otherwise qualified interpreters in order to ensure that the highest standards of accuracy are maintained in all judicial proceedings subject to the provisions of this subchapter.
(d) Fee schedule.--
The Court Administrator shall prescribe, subject to periodic review, a schedule of reasonable fees for services rendered by certified interpreters and otherwise qualified interpreters used in judicial proceedings.
(e) Standards of professional conduct.--
(1) The Court Administrator shall establish and adopt standards for a code of professional conduct for court interpreters for persons with limited English proficiency.
(2) The Court Administrator shall establish, administer or recommend a process to review and respond to allegations of violations of the code of professional conduct for court interpreters for persons with limited English proficiency, including, but not limited to, decertification and other disciplinary measures.
2023 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes › Title 42 - JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE › Chapter 44 - Court Interpreters › Section 4412 - Appointment of interpreter

§ 4412. Appointment of interpreter.
(a) Appointment of certified interpreter.--
Upon request or sua sponte, if the presiding judicial officer determines that a principal party in interest or witness has a limited ability to speak or understand English, then a certified interpreter shall be appointed, unless the certified interpreter is unavailable as provided in subsection (b).
(b) Appointment of otherwise qualified interpreter.--
(1) An otherwise qualified interpreter shall be appointed by the presiding judicial officer if a good faith effort was made to obtain a certified interpreter and a certified interpreter was not reasonably available, as determined by the presiding judicial officer.
(2) Prior to the appointment of the otherwise qualified interpreter, the presiding judicial officer, pursuant to general rule, shall state on the record that a certified interpreter is not available and that the otherwise qualified interpreter:
(i) is readily able to interpret; and
(ii) has read, understands and agrees to abide by the code of professional conduct for court interpreters for persons with limited English proficiency, as established by the Court Administrator.
(c) Additional interpreter.--
After consideration of the length of the judicial proceeding and the number of persons with limited English proficiency involved, the presiding judicial officer may appoint, as provided in subsections (a) and (b), an additional interpreter or provide for additional interpretation in a manner deemed appropriate by the presiding judicial officer.
(d) Immediate family.--
The presiding judicial officer may appoint, as provided in subsections (a) and (b), an interpreter or provide for additional interpretation, as provided in subsection (c), for an immediate family member of a principal party in interest.
2023 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes › Title 42 - JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE › Chapter 44 - Court Interpreters › Section 4413 - Replacement of interpreter

§ 4413. Replacement of interpreter.
Pursuant to general rule, the presiding judicial officer shall dismiss the interpreter and obtain the services of another interpreter in accordance with this subchapter if the interpreter:
(1) Fails to follow the standards prescribed by law or by the code of professional conduct for court interpreters for persons with limited English proficiency.
(2) Is unable to effectively communicate with the presiding judicial officer or the person with limited English proficiency, including where the interpreter self-reports such inability.
2023 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes › Title 42 - JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE › Chapter 44 - Court Interpreters › Section 4414 - Oath

§ 4414. Oath.
Before commencement of interpreter duties, an interpreter appointed under this subchapter shall take an oath or make an affirmation on the record that the interpreter will make a true interpretation to the person with limited English proficiency in the language which the person with limited English proficiency understands and that the interpreter will repeat the statements of the person with limited English proficiency to the court in English to the best of the interpreter's skill and judgment and in accordance with the code of professional conduct for court interpreters for persons with limited English proficiency.
2023 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes › Title 42 - JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE › Chapter 44 - Court Interpreters › Section 4415 - Confidential communications in presence of interpreter

§ 4415. Confidential communications in presence of interpreter.
An interpreter appointed under this subchapter shall not be compelled to testify in any judicial proceeding or administrative proceeding to any statements made by the person with limited English proficiency and interpreted by the interpreter when the person with limited English proficiency is engaged in a confidential communication as provided by any statute or general rule, including, but not limited to:
(1) Section 5916 (relating to confidential communications to attorney).
(2) Section 5928 (relating to confidential communications to attorney).
(3) Section 5942 (relating to confidential communications to news reporters).
(4) Section 5943 (relating to confidential communications to clergymen).
(5) Section 5944 (relating to confidential communications to psychiatrists or licensed psychologists).
(6) Section 5945 (relating to confidential communications to school personnel).
(7) Section 5945.1 (relating to confidential communications with sexual assault counselors).
(8) Section 5945.2 (relating to confidential communications to crime stopper or similar anticrime program).
(9) Section 5945.3 (relating to confidential communications with human trafficking caseworkers).
(July 2, 2014, P.L.945, No.105, eff. 60 days)
2014 Amendment.
Act 105 added par. (9).
2023 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes › Title 42 - JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE › Chapter 44 - Court Interpreters › Section 4416 - Cost of providing interpreter

§ 4416. Cost of providing interpreter.
(a) General rule.--
An interpreter appointed in accordance with this subchapter is entitled to a reasonable fee for interpreter services and shall be reimbursed for actual and reasonable expenses as provided in this section.
(b) Principal party in interest.--
If the person with limited English proficiency is a defendant, party or a direct victim in a judicial proceeding for a criminal matter or juvenile proceeding pursuant to Chapter 63 (relating to juvenile matters), then the payment of the cost of providing the interpreter shall be the responsibility of the county of the court that has jurisdiction over the judicial proceeding for the criminal matter.
(c) Witness.--
If the person with limited English proficiency is compelled to appear as a witness in a judicial proceeding for a criminal matter, then the payment of the cost of providing the interpreter shall be the responsibility of the county of the court that has jurisdiction over the judicial proceeding for the criminal matter.
(d) Payment determination.--
Except as provided in subsections (b) and (c), disposition of all or part of the cost of providing interpreter services shall be in the discretion of the presiding judicial officer unless the principal party in interest is indigent. If the principal party in interest is indigent, then the cost of providing interpreter services shall be the responsibility of the county of the court that has jurisdiction over the judicial proceeding. The presiding judicial officer may order reimbursement to the county for its responsibilities under this section.
Cross References.
Section 4416 is referred to in section 4417 of this title.
2023 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes › Title 42 - JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE › Chapter 44 - Court Interpreters › Section 4417 - Funding

§ 4417. Funding.
Except as provided in section 4416 (relating to cost of providing interpreter), the General Assembly shall appropriate to the Court Administrator such sums as may be necessary to establish a program to facilitate the use of interpreters and otherwise fulfill the provisions of this subchapter. Implementation of this section is contingent upon the availability of appropriated funds to carry out the purposes of this section.
2023 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes › Title 42 - JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE › Chapter 44 - Court Interpreters › Section 4431 - Duties of Court Administrator

§ 4431. Duties of Court Administrator.
(a) Interpreter program.--
The Court Administrator may establish a program to appoint and use certified interpreters in judicial proceedings. To certify interpreters, the Court Administrator shall either:
(1) establish a program, which shall include:
(i) establishing and administering a comprehensive testing and certification program for interpreters;
(ii) establishing and adopting standards of proficiency, including, but not limited to, certification by the Registry of Interpreters for the Deaf or similar registry;
(iii) conducting periodic examinations to ensure the availability of certified interpreters;
(iv) prescribing, determining and certifying the qualifications of persons who may serve as certified interpreters; and
(v) charging reasonable fees as deemed necessary for testing and certification; or
(2) establish and support a certification program by any means as deemed appropriate by the Court Administrator.
(b) List of certified interpreters.--
The Court Administrator shall compile, maintain and disseminate a current list of interpreters certified by the Court Administrator for the courts through any means deemed appropriate by the Court Administrator, including, but not limited to, a written directory, which shall be maintained on file with the office of the clerk of courts in each judicial district, and through publication on the official World Wide Web site of the Administrative Office.
(c) Guidelines for court selection of otherwise qualified interpreters.--
The Court Administrator shall provide guidelines to the courts for the selection and use of otherwise qualified interpreters in order to ensure that the highest standards of accuracy are maintained in all judicial proceedings subject to the provisions of this subchapter.
(d) Fee schedule.--
The Court Administrator shall prescribe, subject to periodic review, a schedule of reasonable fees for services rendered by certified interpreters and otherwise qualified interpreters used in judicial proceedings.
(e) Standards of professional conduct.--
(1) The Court Administrator shall establish and adopt standards for a code of professional conduct for court interpreters for persons who are deaf.
(2) The Court Administrator shall establish, administer or recommend a process to review and respond to allegations of violations of the code of professional conduct for court interpreters of persons who are deaf, including, but not limited to, decertification and other disciplinary measures.
2023 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes › Title 42 - JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE › Chapter 44 - Court Interpreters › Section 4432 - Appointment of interpreter

§ 4432. Appointment of interpreter.
(a) Appointment of certified interpreter.--
Upon request or sua sponte, if the presiding judicial officer determines that a principal party in interest or witness is deaf, then a certified interpreter shall be appointed, unless the certified interpreter is unavailable as provided in subsection (b).
(b) Appointment of otherwise qualified interpreter when certified interpreter is unavailable.--
(1) An otherwise qualified interpreter shall be appointed by the presiding judicial officer if a good faith effort was made to obtain a certified interpreter and a certified interpreter was not reasonably available, as determined by the presiding judicial officer.
(2) Prior to the appointment of the otherwise qualified interpreter, the presiding judicial officer, pursuant to general rule, shall state on the record that a certified interpreter is not available and that the otherwise qualified interpreter:
(i) is readily able to interpret;
(ii) is certified by the National Association of the Deaf, the Registry of Interpreters for the Deaf or similar registry to the best of the knowledge of the presiding judicial officer; and
(iii) has read, understands and agrees to abide by the code of professional conduct for court interpreters for persons who are deaf, as established by the Court Administrator.
(c) Additional interpreter.--
After consideration of the length of the judicial proceeding, the special needs of the person who is deaf and the number of persons involved who are deaf, the presiding judicial officer may appoint, as provided in subsections (a) and (b), an additional interpreter or provide for additional interpretation in a manner deemed appropriate by the presiding judicial officer.
(d) Immediate family.--
The presiding judicial officer may appoint, as provided in subsections (a) and (b), an interpreter or provide for additional interpretation, as provided in subsection (c), for an immediate family member of a principal party in interest.
Cross References.
Section 4432 is referred to in section 4437 of this title.
2023 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes › Title 42 - JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE › Chapter 44 - Court Interpreters › Section 4433 - Replacement of interpreter

§ 4433. Replacement of interpreter.
Pursuant to general rule, the presiding judicial officer shall dismiss the interpreter and obtain the services of another interpreter in accordance with this subchapter if the interpreter:
(1) Fails to follow the standards prescribed by law or by the code of professional conduct for court interpreters for persons who are deaf.
(2) Is unable to effectively communicate with the presiding judicial officer or the person who is deaf, including where the interpreter self-reports such inability.
2023 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes › Title 42 - JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE › Chapter 44 - Court Interpreters › Section 4434 - Interrogation

§ 4434. Interrogation.
Upon the arrest of any person who is deaf and prior to interrogation, the arresting officer shall make available to the person who is deaf an interpreter who shall be present with the person who is deaf throughout the interrogation.
2023 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes › Title 42 - JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE › Chapter 44 - Court Interpreters › Section 4435 - Oath

§ 4435. Oath.
Before commencement of interpreter duties, an interpreter appointed under this subchapter shall take an oath or make an affirmation on the record that the interpreter will make a true interpretation to the person who is deaf in a manner that the person who is deaf understands and that the interpreter will repeat the statements of the person who is deaf to the court in English to the best of the interpreter's skill and judgment and in accordance with the code of professional conduct for court interpreters for persons who are deaf.
2023 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes › Title 42 - JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE › Chapter 44 - Court Interpreters › Section 4436 - Confidential communications in presence of interpreter

§ 4436. Confidential communications in presence of interpreter.
An interpreter appointed under this subchapter shall not be compelled to testify in any judicial proceeding or administrative proceeding to any statements made by the person who is deaf and interpreted by the interpreter when the person who is deaf is engaged in a confidential communication as provided by any statute or general rule, including, but not limited to:
(1) Section 5916 (relating to confidential communications to attorney).
(2) Section 5928 (relating to confidential communications to attorney).
(3) Section 5942 (relating to confidential communications to news reporters).
(4) Section 5943 (relating to confidential communications to clergymen).
(5) Section 5944 (relating to confidential communications to psychiatrists or licensed psychologists).
(6) Section 5945 (relating to confidential communications to school personnel).
(7) Section 5945.1 (relating to confidential communications with sexual assault counselors).
(8) Section 5945.2 (relating to confidential communications to crime stopper or similar anticrime program).
(9) Section 5945.3 (relating to confidential communications with human trafficking caseworkers).
(July 2, 2014, P.L.945, No.105, eff. 60 days)
2014 Amendment.
Act 105 added par. (9).
2023 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes › Title 42 - JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE › Chapter 44 - Court Interpreters › Section 4437 - Cost of providing interpreter

§ 4437. Cost of providing interpreter.
(a) General rule.--
Except as provided by general rule and in subsection (b), an interpreter appointed in accordance with this subchapter is entitled to a reasonable fee for the services of the interpreter and shall be reimbursed for actual and reasonable expenses by the county that has jurisdiction over the judicial proceeding.
(b) Payment determination of certain costs.--
Disposition of all or part of the cost of providing an interpreter appointed in accordance with section 4432(d) (relating to appointment of interpreter) shall be in the discretion of the court that has jurisdiction over the judicial proceeding. In no event shall the cost of providing interpreter services be the responsibility of the person who is deaf. If the principal party in interest is indigent, then the cost of providing interpreter services shall be the responsibility of the county of the court that has jurisdiction over the judicial proceeding. The presiding judicial officer may order reimbursement to the county for its responsibilities under this subchapter.
Cross References.
Section 4437 is referred to in section 4438 of this title.
2023 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes › Title 42 - JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE › Chapter 44 - Court Interpreters › Section 4438 - Funding

§ 4438. Funding.
Except as provided in section 4437 (relating to cost of providing interpreter), the General Assembly shall appropriate to the Court Administrator such sums as may be necessary to establish a program to facilitate the use of interpreters and otherwise fulfill the provisions of this subchapter. Implementation of this section is contingent upon the availability of appropriated funds to carry out the purposes of this section.
2023 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes › Title 42 - JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE › Chapter 45 - Juries and Jurors › Extra - Chapter Notes

Enactment.
Chapter 45 (Reserved) was added July 9, 1976, P.L.586, No.142, effective 60 days from
            the date of final enactment of the act of April 28, 1978, P.L.202, No.53, and the
            remaining provisions of Chapter 45 were added June 26, 1980, P.L.266, No.78, effective
            immediately.
Cross References.
Subchapter B is referred to in section 2124 of this title.
Enactment.
Subchapter D was added and former Subchapter D was relettered to Subchapter E October
            5, 1980, P.L.693, No.142, effective in 60 days.
Cross References.
Subchapter D is referred to in section 8931 of this title.
2023 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes › Title 42 - JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE › Chapter 45 - Juries and Jurors › Section 4501 - Declaration of policy

§ 4501. Declaration of policy.
It is the policy of this Commonwealth that:
(1) All persons entitled to a jury trial in a civil action or criminal proceeding shall have the right to jurors selected at random from a representative cross section of the eligible population of the county.
(2) All qualified citizens shall have the opportunity to be considered for service as jurors in the courts of this Commonwealth and shall have an obligation to serve as jurors when summoned for that purpose.
(3) A citizen shall not be excluded from service as a juror on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, national origin or economic status.
2023 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes › Title 42 - JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE › Chapter 45 - Juries and Jurors › Section 4502 - Qualifications of jurors

§ 4502. Qualifications of jurors.
(a) General rule.--
Every citizen of this Commonwealth who is of the required minimum age for voting for State or local officials and who resides in the county shall be qualified to serve as a juror therein unless such citizen:
(1) is unable to read, write, speak and understand the English language;
(2) is incapable, by reason of mental or physical infirmity, to render efficient jury service; or
(3) has been convicted of a crime punishable by imprisonment for more than one year and has not been granted a pardon or amnesty therefor.
(b) Definition.--
For purposes of this section, "convicted of a crime punishable by imprisonment for more than one year" does not include a conviction for any offense under or violation of the former act of May 1, 1929 (P.L.905, No.403), known as The Vehicle Code, or the former act of April 29, 1959 (P.L.58, No.32), known as The Vehicle Code, which offense or violation, if it had been committed after July 1, 1977:
(1) would have been substantially similar to an offense currently graded as a summary offense under 75 Pa.C.S. (relating to vehicles); or
(2) would not have been a violation of law.
(Dec. 17, 2001, P.L.944, No.113, eff. imd.)
Cross References.
Section 4502 is referred to in sections 4521, 4522, 4523 of this title.
2023 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes › Title 42 - JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE › Chapter 45 - Juries and Jurors › Section 4503 - Exemptions from jury duty

§ 4503. Exemptions from jury duty.
(a) General rule.--
No person shall be exempt or excused from jury duty except the following:
(1) Persons in active service of the armed forces of the United States or of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.
(2) Persons who have served within three years next preceding on any jury except a person who served as a juror for fewer than three days in any one year in which case the exemption period shall be one year.
(3) Persons demonstrating to the court undue hardship or extreme inconvenience may be excused permanently or for such period as the court determines is necessary, and if excused for a limited period shall, at the end of the period, be assigned to the next jury array.
(4) Spouses, children, siblings, parents, grandparents and grandchildren of victims of criminal homicide under 18 Pa.C.S. § 2501 (relating to criminal homicide).
(5) Persons who have previously served for a term of 18 months on a Statewide investigating grand jury, including any extensions thereof, who opt not to serve.
(6) Persons 75 years of age or older who request to be excused.
(7) Judges and magisterial district judges of the Commonwealth and judges of the United States as defined in 28 U.S.C. § 451 (relating to definitions).
(8) Breastfeeding women who request to be excused.
(b) Challenges.--
This subchapter shall not affect the existing practice with respect to peremptory challenges and challenges for cause.
(Dec. 20, 1982, P.L.1409, No.326, eff. 60 days; Oct. 17, 2002, P.L.886, No.128, eff. 60 days; June 13, 2012, P.L.636, No.63, eff. 60 days; Oct. 30, 2015, P.L.215, No.54, eff. 60 days)
2015 Amendment.
Act 54 added subsec. (a)(6), (7) and (8).
2012 Amendment.
Act 63 added subsec. (a)(5).
Cross References.
Section 4503 is referred to in sections 4521, 4523, 4584 of this title.
2023 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes › Title 42 - JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE › Chapter 45 - Juries and Jurors › Section 4522 - List of qualified jurors

§ 4522. List of qualified jurors.
After receipt of the juror qualification forms as provided in section 4521(d) (relating to selection of prospective jurors), the jury selection commission shall determine whether or not those individuals returning the forms are qualified for jury service, as provided in section 4502 (relating to qualifications of jurors). The names of qualified persons compiled as set forth in this section shall constitute the list of persons who are qualified to serve as jurors and shall be open for public inspection.
2023 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes › Title 42 - JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE › Chapter 45 - Juries and Jurors › Section 4523 - List of disqualified jurors

§ 4523. List of disqualified jurors.
(a) Maintenance of list.--
The jury selection commission shall create and maintain a list of names of all prospective jurors who have been disqualified and the reasons for their disqualification. The list shall be open for public inspection.
(b) Relatives of criminal homicide victims.--
Any persons who are exempt or excused from jury duty under section 4503(a)(4) (relating to exemptions from jury duty) may petition the jury selection commission to have their names placed on the list of disqualified jurors. Any persons so placed on the list may, at any time, petition for removal of their names from the list unless they are otherwise disqualified under section 4502 (relating to qualifications of jurors).
(Oct. 17, 2002, P.L.886, No.128, eff. 60 days)
2023 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes › Title 42 - JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE › Chapter 45 - Juries and Jurors › Section 4524 - Selection of jurors for service

§ 4524. Selection of jurors for service.
Except as otherwise provided in section 4525 (relating to equipment used for selection of jurors), the jury selection commission shall maintain a master list or jury wheel and shall place therein the names of persons included on the list of qualified jurors. Upon receipt of a court order pursuant to section 4531 (relating to issuance of court orders for jurors), the commission shall publicly select at random from the master list or jury wheel such number of names of persons as may be required to be summoned for assignment to jury arrays. A separate list of names and addresses of persons assigned to each jury array shall be prepared and made available for public inspection at the offices of the commission no later than 30 days prior to the first date on which the array is to serve.
Renumbering.
Section 4531, referred to in section 4524, was renumbered from 4541 pursuant to section 216(a)(1) of the act of October 5, 1980, P.L.693, No.142.
Cross References.
Section 4524 is referred to in section 4521 of this title.
2023 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes › Title 42 - JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE › Chapter 45 - Juries and Jurors › Section 4525 - Equipment used for selection of jurors

§ 4525. Equipment used for selection of jurors.
The jury selection commission is authorized, but not required, to use mechanical or electro-mechanical devices or business machines in the random selection, drawing, investigating, summoning and listing of jurors.
Cross References.
Section 4525 is referred to in section 4524 of this title.
2023 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes › Title 42 - JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE › Chapter 45 - Juries and Jurors › Section 4526 - Challenging compliance with selection procedures

§ 4526. Challenging compliance with selection procedures.
(a) Challenge to array.--
Within ten days after publication of the array a party to a matter on a then published list of cases scheduled for jury trial may petition the court to stay the proceedings in the case where he is a party and to select a new jury array, or for other appropriate relief, on the ground of failure to substantially comply with this subchapter.
(b) Hearing on petition.--
At the hearing on the petition filed under subsection (a), the moving party is entitled to present in support of the petition the testimony of the jury commissioners or their clerks, any relevant records and papers not public or otherwise available used by the jury commissioners or their clerks and any other relevant evidence. If the court determines that in selecting persons to fill the array the commissioners have failed to substantially comply with this subchapter, the court shall stay the proceedings requiring the service of jurors pending the selection of a new array in conformity with this subchapter or may grant other appropriate relief.
(c) Exclusive remedy.--
Unless and until suspended or superseded by general rules, the procedures prescribed by this section are the exclusive means by which a person accused of a crime, the Commonwealth or a party in a civil case may challenge an array of jurors on the ground that the array was not selected in conformity with this subchapter.
(d) Records.--
The contents of any records or papers used by the jury commissioners or their clerks in connection with the selection process and not made public under this subchapter shall not be disclosed (except in connection with the preparation or presentation of a petition filed under subsection (a)) until after the list of qualified jurors or jury wheel has been emptied and refilled and all persons selected to serve as jurors before the list of qualified jurors or jury wheel was emptied have been discharged.
(e) Challenge to panel of jurors.--
A jury panel for the trial of any case may be challenged only on the grounds that it was not selected at random from the array. Such challenge must be made by a party immediately after the panel of jurors has been selected by the administrative staff of the court and before interrogation of jurors commences.
(f) Other challenges.--
Nothing in this subchapter shall affect the existing practice with respect to peremptory challenges and challenges for cause.
2023 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes › Title 42 - JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE › Chapter 45 - Juries and Jurors › Section 4527 - Effect of verdict on jury selection errors

§ 4527. Effect of verdict on jury selection errors.
Except as otherwise prescribed by general rule, errors and omissions in the selection of jurors under this subchapter shall not constitute grounds to set aside any jury verdict in any civil or criminal matter or to arrest, reverse, open or strike any judgment entered on a jury verdict, and the trial by jury and its rendition of a verdict in any matter shall constitute a waiver of all such errors and omissions.
(Dec. 20, 1982, P.L.1409, No.326, eff. 60 days)
1982 Amendment.
Act 326 added section 4527.
2023 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes › Title 42 - JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE › Chapter 45 - Juries and Jurors › Section 4531 - Issuance of court orders for jurors

§ 4531. Issuance of court orders for jurors.
Court orders directing the jury selection commission to select an array of jurors shall be issued in the form prescribed by general rules or rule of court.
Renumbering.
Section 4531 was renumbered from 4541 pursuant to section 216(a)(1) of the act of October 5, 1980, P.L.693, No.142.
Cross References.
Section 4531 is referred to in sections 4521, 4524 of this title.
2023 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes › Title 42 - JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE › Chapter 45 - Juries and Jurors › Section 4532 - Summoning persons to serve as jurors

§ 4532. Summoning persons to serve as jurors.
Persons who have been selected for service as jurors shall be summoned to serve in a manner determined by the jury selection commission with the concurrence of the president judge.
(Dec. 20, 1982, P.L.1409, No.326, eff. 60 days)
Renumbering.
Section 4532 was renumbered from 4542 pursuant to section 216(a)(1) of the act of October 5, 1980 (P.L.693, No.142).
2023 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes › Title 42 - JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE › Chapter 45 - Juries and Jurors › Section 4541 - Short title of subchapter

§ 4541. Short title of subchapter.
This subchapter shall be known and may be cited as the "Investigating Grand Jury Act."
Renumbering.
Former section 4541 was renumbered 4531 pursuant to section 216(a)(1) of the act of October 5, 1980, P.L.693, No.142.
2023 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes › Title 42 - JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE › Chapter 45 - Juries and Jurors › Section 4543 - Convening county investigating grand jury

§ 4543. Convening county investigating grand jury.
(a) General rule.--
In addition to such other grand juries as are called from time to time, county investigating grand juries shall be summoned as provided in subsection (b).
(b) On the initiative of attorney for Commonwealth.--
Application may be made to the president judge of the appropriate court of common pleas by the attorney for the Commonwealth for an order directing that a county investigating grand jury be summoned, stating in such application that the convening of a county investigating grand jury is necessary because of the existence of criminal activity within the county which can best be fully investigated using the investigative resources of the grand jury. Within ten days of receipt of such application, the president judge shall issue an order granting the request. The order shall specify which judge is to be the supervising judge of the county investigating grand jury. Refusal to grant an application under this subsection shall be appealable to the Supreme Court in the manner prescribed by general rule.
(c) On the initiative of the court.--
In the absence of an order under subsection (b), the president judge of the court of common pleas upon his own motion may issue an order directing that a county investigating grand jury be summoned, except that the summoning of such grand jury may, in the discretion of the court, be stayed if the district attorney of the county and the Attorney General both certify to the court that, in their judgments, the summoning of such grand jury is not necessary at such time.
(d) Manner of impaneling.--
The county investigating grand jury shall be impaneled in the manner provided or prescribed by law.
Cross References.
Section 4543 is referred to in sections 4544, 4547 of this title.
2023 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes › Title 42 - JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE › Chapter 45 - Juries and Jurors › Section 4544 - Convening multicounty investigating grand jury

§ 4544. Convening multicounty investigating grand jury.
(a) General rule.--
Application for a multicounty investigating grand jury may be made by the Attorney General to the Supreme Court. In such application the Attorney General shall state that, in his judgment, the convening of a multicounty investigating grand jury is necessary because of organized crime or public corruption or both involving more than one county of the Commonwealth and that, in his judgment, the investigation cannot be adequately performed by an investigating grand jury available under section 4543 (relating to convening county investigating grand jury). The application shall specify for which counties the multicounty investigating grand jury is to be convened. Within ten days of receipt of such application, the court shall issue an order granting the same. Failure by an individual justice to grant such application shall be appealable to the entire Supreme Court.
(b) Contents of order.--
An order issued under subsection (a) shall:
(1) convene a multicounty investigating grand jury having Statewide jurisdiction, or jurisdiction over all counties requested in the application by the Attorney General;
(2) designate a judge of a court of common pleas to be the supervising judge over such multicounty investigating grand jury and provide that such judge shall with respect to investigations, presentments, reports, and all other proper activities of said investigating multicounty grand jury, have jurisdiction over all counties in the jurisdiction of said multicounty investigating grand jury;
(3) designate the counties which shall supply jurors and in what ratios;
(4) designate a location or locations for the multicounty investigating grand jury proceeding; and
(5) provide for such other incidental arrangements as may be necessary including the Commonwealth's share of expenses.
All matters to be included in such order shall be determined by the justice issuing the order in any manner which he deems appropriate, except that the Supreme Court may adopt general rules, consistent with the provisions of this section, establishing standard procedures for the convening of multicounty investigating grand juries.
(c) Manner of impaneling.--
The multicounty investigating grand jury shall be impaneled in the manner provided or prescribed by law.
(d) Effect on district attorneys.--
The impaneling of a multicounty investigating grand jury shall in no way diminish the responsibility and the authority of the district attorneys within their jurisdictions to investigate and prosecute organized crime or public corruption or both.
Cross References.
Section 4544 is referred to in sections 1906.1, 4547 of this title.
2023 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes › Title 42 - JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE › Chapter 45 - Juries and Jurors › Section 4545 - Composition of investigating grand jury

§ 4545. Composition of investigating grand jury.
(a) General rule.--
Each investigating grand jury shall be composed initially of 23 members and have a minimum of seven and not more than 15 alternates. Subsequent vacancies shall be filled by substituting alternates for the members who are excused or otherwise unable to continue their service.
(b) Quorum and manner of action.--
Fifteen members shall constitute a quorum and may conduct business for the investigating grand jury. A majority of the full investigating grand jury shall be required to adopt a report or issue a presentment.
(c) Officers.--
The supervising judge shall appoint a foreman from among the members of the investigating grand jury. The members of the investigating grand jury shall then elect a secretary.
(Dec. 20, 2000, P.L.742, No.105, eff. 60 days)
2000 Amendment.
Act 105 amended subsec. (a).
2023 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes › Title 42 - JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE › Chapter 45 - Juries and Jurors › Section 4546 - Term of investigating grand jury

§ 4546. Term of investigating grand jury.
(a) General rule.--
An investigating grand jury shall not be limited in duration to any term of court. Each such investigating grand jury shall, except as provided in subsections (b) and (c), serve for a term of 18 months, unless an order for discharge shall be entered earlier by the court upon the determination of such investigating grand jury, by majority vote, that its business has been completed.
(b) Extension on initiative of grand jury.--
If, at the end of its original term or any extension thereof, any investigating grand jury determines by majority vote that it has not completed its business, it may request the court to extend its term for an additional period of six months, except that no such investigating grand jury term shall exceed 24 months from the time it was originally summoned. The court shall issue an order granting a request for extension unless it determines that such request is clearly without basis. Failure to grant an extension of term under this subsection may be appealed by the attorney for the Commonwealth to the Supreme Court in the manner prescribed by general rule. If an appeal is taken, the grand jury, except as otherwise prescribed by general rule, shall continue to exercise its powers pending the disposition of the appeal.
(c) Discharge by court.--
If, at any time within the original term of any investigating grand jury or any extension thereof, the court determines that the investigating grand jury is not conducting proper investigative activity, the court may order that such grand jury be discharged. An order of discharge under this subsection shall not become effective less than ten days after the date on which it is issued and actual notice given to the attorney for the Commonwealth and the foreman of the investigating grand jury, and may be appealed by the attorney for the Commonwealth to the Supreme Court in the manner prescribed by general rule. If an appeal is taken, the grand jury, except as otherwise prescribed by general rule, shall continue to exercise its powers pending the disposition of the appeal.
2023 Pennsylvania Consolidated & Unconsolidated Statutes › Title 42 - JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE › Chapter 45 - Juries and Jurors › Section 4547 - Additional investigating grand juries

§ 4547. Additional investigating grand juries.
Whenever the attorney for the Commonwealth determines that the volume of work of an investigating grand jury exceeds the capacity of the investigating grand jury to discharge its obligations, he may make application to the court to impanel additional investigating grand juries under the provisions of section 4543 (relating to convening county investigating grand jury) and section 4544 (relating to convening multicounty investigating grand jury).