reglab/statecodes huggingface dataset:
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 15 - Domestic Relations › Chapter 15-8.1 - Uniform Parentage Act › Article 6 - Genetic Parentage › Section 15-8.1-606. - Admissibility of results of genetic testing.

§ 15-8.1-606. Admissibility of results of genetic testing.
(a)
Unless waived by the parties, a party intending to rely on the results of genetic testing shall do all of the following:
(1)
Make the test results available to the other parties to the parentage action at least fifteen (15) days prior to any hearing at which the results may be admitted into evidence;
(2)
Provide notice to the court and other parties to the proceeding of the intent to use the test results at the hearing; and
(3)
Provide the other parties notice of this statutory section, including the need to object in a timely fashion.
(b)
Any motion objecting to genetic test results shall be made in writing to the court and to the party intending to introduce the evidence at least seven (7) days prior to any hearing at which the results may be introduced into evidence. If no timely objection is made, the written results shall be admissible as evidence without the need for foundation testimony or other proof of authenticity or accuracy.
(c)
If a child has a presumed parent, acknowledged parent, de facto parent, or adjudicated parent, the results of genetic testing shall be admissible to adjudicate parentage only:
(1)
With the consent of each individual who is a parent of the child under this chapter, unless the court finds that admission of the testing is in the best interests of the child as provided in § 15-8.1-603(h); or
(2)
Pursuant to an order of the court under § 15-8.1-603.
History of Section.
P.L. 2020, ch. 59, § 2; P.L. 2020, ch. 60, § 2.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 15 - Domestic Relations › Chapter 15-8.1 - Uniform Parentage Act › Article 6 - Genetic Parentage › Section 15-8.1-607. - Additional genetic testing.

§ 15-8.1-607. Additional genetic testing.
The court shall order additional genetic testing upon the request of a party who contests the result of the initial testing. If the initial genetic testing identified an individual as a genetic parent of the child under § 15-8.1-604, the court shall not order additional testing unless the party provides advance payment for the testing.
History of Section.
P.L. 2020, ch. 59, § 2; P.L. 2020, ch. 60, § 2.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 15 - Domestic Relations › Chapter 15-8.1 - Uniform Parentage Act › Article 6 - Genetic Parentage › Section 15-8.1-608. - Adjudication of parentage of child with alleged genetic parent.

§ 15-8.1-608. Adjudication of parentage of child with alleged genetic parent.
(a)(1)
If genetic testing results, pursuant to § 15-8.1-604, exclude an individual as the genetic parent of a child, the court shall find that individual is not a genetic parent of the child and may not adjudicate the individual as the child’s parent on the basis of genetic testing.
(2)
If genetic testing results, pursuant to § 15-8.1-604, identify an individual as the genetic parent of a child and the only other individual with a claim to parentage of the child is the individual who gave birth to the child, the court shall find that individual to be the genetic parent and may adjudicate the individual as the child’s parent if the alleged genetic parent:
(i)
Is identified under § 15-8.1-604 as a genetic parent of the child and the identification is not successfully rebutted under § 15-8.1-604;
(ii)
Admits parentage in a pleading, when making an appearance, or during a hearing, the court accepts the admission, and the court determines the alleged genetic parent to be a parent of the child;
(iii)
Declines to submit to genetic testing ordered by the court or the office of child support services, in which case the court may adjudicate the alleged genetic parent to be a parent of the child even if the alleged genetic parent denies a genetic relationship with the child;
(iv)
Is in default after service of process and the court determines the alleged genetic parent to be a parent of the child; or
(v)
Is neither identified nor excluded as a genetic parent by genetic testing and, based on other evidence, the court determines the alleged genetic parent to be a parent of the child.
(3)
Subject to other limitations in this chapter, if in a proceeding involving an alleged genetic parent, at least one other individual in addition to the individual who gave birth to the child has a claim of parentage of the child, the court shall adjudicate parentage under § 15-8.1-206.
History of Section.
P.L. 2020, ch. 59, § 2; P.L. 2020, ch. 60, § 2.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 15 - Domestic Relations › Chapter 15-8.1 - Uniform Parentage Act › Article 6 - Genetic Parentage › Section 15-8.1-609. - Costs of genetic testing.

§ 15-8.1-609. Costs of genetic testing.
(a)
The costs of initial genetic testing shall be paid:
(1)
By the office of child support services in a proceeding in which the office is providing services, if the office requests such testing;
(2)
As agreed by the parties or, if the parties cannot agree, by the individual who made the request for genetic testing; or
(3)
As ordered by the court.
(b)
Notwithstanding subsection (a) of this section, an individual who challenges a presumption, acknowledgment, or admission of parentage shall bear the cost for any genetic testing requested by such individual.
(c)
In cases in which the payment for the costs of initial genetic testing is advanced pursuant to subsection (a) of this section, the office of child support services may seek reimbursement from the genetic parent whose parent-child relationship is established.
History of Section.
P.L. 2020, ch. 59, § 2; P.L. 2020, ch. 60, § 2.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 15 - Domestic Relations › Chapter 15-8.1 - Uniform Parentage Act › Article 6 - Genetic Parentage › Section 15-8.1-610. - Deceased individual.

§ 15-8.1-610. Deceased individual.
For good cause shown, the court may order genetic testing of a deceased individual.
History of Section.
P.L. 2020, ch. 59, § 2; P.L. 2020, ch. 60, § 2.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 15 - Domestic Relations › Chapter 15-8.1 - Uniform Parentage Act › Article 6 - Genetic Parentage › Section 15-8.1-611. - Confidentiality of genetic testing.

§ 15-8.1-611. Confidentiality of genetic testing.
(a)
A report of genetic testing for parentage is exempt from public inspection and copying pursuant to chapter 2 of title 38 (“access to public records act”), and shall be kept confidential and released only as provided in this chapter.
(b)
An individual shall not intentionally release a report of genetic testing or the genetic material of another individual for a purpose not relevant to a parentage proceeding without the written permission of the individual who furnished the genetic material. An individual who violates this section shall be imprisoned not more than one year, or fined not more than one thousand dollars ($1,000), or both.
History of Section.
P.L. 2020, ch. 59, § 2; P.L. 2020, ch. 60, § 2.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 15 - Domestic Relations › Chapter 15-8.1 - Uniform Parentage Act › Article 6 - Genetic Parentage › Section 15-8.1-612. - Precluding establishment of parentage by perpetrator of sexual assault.

§ 15-8.1-612. Precluding establishment of parentage by perpetrator of sexual assault.
(a)
In a proceeding in which a person is alleged to have committed a sexual assault that resulted in the birth of a child, the person giving birth may seek to preclude the establishment of the other person’s parentage.
(b)
This section shall not apply if the person alleged to have committed a sexual assault has previously been adjudicated to be a parent of the child.
(c)
A complaint under this section must be preceded by the arrest and charge of the person alleged to have committed a sexual assault in violation of §§ 11-37-2 or 11-37-8.1 on the plaintiff that resulted in the birth of the child.
(d)
In a parentage proceeding, the person giving birth may file a complaint, making an allegation under subsection (a) of this section at any time within two (2) years of the alleged sexual assault that resulted in the birth of the child.
(e)
During the pendency of proceedings on this complaint, the court may enter temporary orders regarding the defendant’s custody, contact and visitation with the child.
(f)
The standard of proof that a child was conceived as a result of the person sexually assaulting the person who gave birth to the child may be proven by the plaintiff by clear and convincing evidence that the person was convicted of a sexual assault against the person giving birth and that the child was conceived as a result of the sexual assault.
(g)
If the court finds that the burden of proof under subsection (f) of this section is met, the court shall enter an order:
(1)
Adjudicating that the person alleged to have committed the sexual assault is not a parent of the child and not entitled to have any contact, custody or visitation with the child;
(2)
Requiring the department of health amend the birth certificate to delete the name of the person precluded as a parent; and
(3)
Requiring that the person convicted of committing a sexual assault pay child support or birth-related costs, or both, unless the person giving birth requests otherwise.
History of Section.
P.L. 2020, ch. 59, § 2; P.L. 2020, ch. 60, § 2.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 15 - Domestic Relations › Chapter 15-8.1 - Uniform Parentage Act › Article 6 - Genetic Parentage › Section 15-8.1-613. - Past liabilities.

§ 15-8.1-613. Past liabilities.
(a)
For the purpose of this article, an action to determine the existence of a genetic parent and child relationship is not barred until four (4) years after the child reaches the age of majority.
(b)
A genetic parent’s liability for past education and necessary support and maintenance are limited to a period of six (6) years next, preceding the commencement of an action under this article.
History of Section.
P.L. 2020, ch. 59, § 2; P.L. 2020, ch. 60, § 2.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 15 - Domestic Relations › Chapter 15-8.1 - Uniform Parentage Act › Article 7 - Parentage by Assisted Reproduction › Section 15-8.1-701. - Scope.

§ 15-8.1-701. Scope.
This article does not apply to the birth of a child conceived by sexual intercourse or assisted reproduction under a surrogacy agreement under article 8 of this chapter.
History of Section.
P.L. 2020, ch. 59, § 2; P.L. 2020, ch. 60, § 2.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 15 - Domestic Relations › Chapter 15-8.1 - Uniform Parentage Act › Article 7 - Parentage by Assisted Reproduction › Section 15-8.1-702. - Parental status of donor.

§ 15-8.1-702. Parental status of donor.
(a)
A donor is not a parent of a child conceived through assisted reproduction.
(b)
Notwithstanding subsection (a) of this section, a person who provides a gamete or gametes or an embryo or embryos to be used for assisted reproduction for the person’s spouse is a parent of the resulting child.
History of Section.
P.L. 2020, ch. 59, § 2; P.L. 2020, ch. 60, § 2.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 15 - Domestic Relations › Chapter 15-8.1 - Uniform Parentage Act › Article 7 - Parentage by Assisted Reproduction › Section 15-8.1-703. - Parentage of child of assisted reproduction.

§ 15-8.1-703. Parentage of child of assisted reproduction.
An individual who consents under § 15-8.1-704 to assisted reproduction by another individual with the intent to be a parent of a child conceived by the assisted reproduction is a parent of the child.
History of Section.
P.L. 2020, ch. 59, § 2; P.L. 2020, ch. 60, § 2.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 15 - Domestic Relations › Chapter 15-8.1 - Uniform Parentage Act › Article 7 - Parentage by Assisted Reproduction › Section 15-8.1-704. - Consent to assisted reproduction.

§ 15-8.1-704. Consent to assisted reproduction.
(a)
Except as otherwise provided in subsection (b) of this section, the consent described in § 15-8.1-703, must be in a record signed by the individual giving birth to a child conceived by assisted reproduction and the individual who intends to be a parent of the child.
(b)
In the absence of a record pursuant to subsection (a) of this section, before, on, or after the birth of the child, a court may adjudicate an individual as the parent of a child, if it finds by a preponderance of the evidence that:
(1)
Prior to conception or birth of the child, the parties entered into an agreement that they both intended to be the parents of the child; or
(2)
The parties resided with the child and assumed the duties and responsibilities of parentage.
(c)
The court may order after hearing that the parties be listed on the birth certificate.
History of Section.
P.L. 2020, ch. 59, § 2; P.L. 2020, ch. 60, § 2.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 15 - Domestic Relations › Chapter 15-8.1 - Uniform Parentage Act › Article 7 - Parentage by Assisted Reproduction › Section 15-8.1-705. - Limitation on spouse’s dispute of parentage.

§ 15-8.1-705. Limitation on spouse’s dispute of parentage.
(a)
Except as otherwise provided in subsection (b) of this section, a spouse may commence a proceeding to challenge his or her parentage of a child born by assisted reproduction during the marriage within two (2) years after the birth of the child if the court finds that the spouse did not consent to the assisted reproduction before, on, or after the birth of the child or that the spouse withdrew consent pursuant to § 15-8.1-706.
(b)
A spouse or the individual who gave birth to the child may commence a proceeding to challenge the spouse’s parentage of a child born by assisted reproduction at any time if the court determines:
(1)
The spouse neither provided a gamete for, nor consented to, the assisted reproduction;
(2)
The spouse and the individual who gave birth to the child have not cohabited since the probable time of assisted reproduction; and
(3)
The spouse never openly held out the child as his or her child.
(c)
This section shall apply to a spouse’s dispute of parentage even if the marriage is declared invalid after assisted reproduction occurs.
History of Section.
P.L. 2020, ch. 59, § 2; P.L. 2020, ch. 60, § 2.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 15 - Domestic Relations › Chapter 15-8.1 - Uniform Parentage Act › Article 7 - Parentage by Assisted Reproduction › Section 15-8.1-706. - Effect of dissolution of marriage or withdrawal of consent.

§ 15-8.1-706. Effect of dissolution of marriage or withdrawal of consent.
(a)
If a marriage is dissolved by final decree of divorce before transfer or implantation of gametes or embryos, the former spouse is not a parent of the resulting child unless the former spouse consented in a signed record, with notice to the other spouse and the individual giving birth, that, if assisted reproduction were to occur after a divorce, the former spouse would be a parent of the child.
(b)
Consent of an individual to assisted reproduction, pursuant to § 15-8.1-704, may be withdrawn by that person in a signed record, with notice to the individual giving birth and any other intended parent, before transfer or implantation of gametes or embryos. An individual who withdraws consent under this subsection is not a parent of the resulting child.
History of Section.
P.L. 2020, ch. 59, § 2; P.L. 2020, ch. 60, § 2.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 15 - Domestic Relations › Chapter 15-8.1 - Uniform Parentage Act › Article 7 - Parentage by Assisted Reproduction › Section 15-8.1-707. - Parental status of a deceased individual.

§ 15-8.1-707. Parental status of a deceased individual.
(a)
If an individual who intends to be a parent of a child conceived by assisted reproduction dies during the period between the transfer of a gamete or embryo and the birth of the child, the individual’s death does not preclude the establishment of the individual’s parentage of the child if the individual otherwise would be a parent of the child pursuant to this article.
(b)(1)
If an individual who consented in a record to assisted reproduction by the individual giving birth to the child dies before transfer or implantation of gametes or embryos, the deceased individual is not a parent of a child conceived by assisted reproduction unless:
(i)
The deceased individual consented in a record that if assisted reproduction were to occur after the death of the deceased individual, the deceased individual would be a parent of the child; or
(ii)
The deceased individual’s intent to be a parent of a child conceived by assisted reproduction after the individual’s death is established by a preponderance of the evidence.
(2)
An individual is a parent of a child conceived by assisted reproduction under subsection (b)(1) of this section, only if:
(i)
The embryo is in utero not later than thirty-six (36) months after the individual’s death; or
(ii)
The child is born not later than forty-five (45) months after the individual’s death.
History of Section.
P.L. 2020, ch. 59, § 2; P.L. 2020, ch. 60, § 2.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 15 - Domestic Relations › Chapter 15-8.1 - Uniform Parentage Act › Article 7 - Parentage by Assisted Reproduction › Section 15-8.1-708. - Parentage orders of children born of assisted reproduction.

§ 15-8.1-708. Parentage orders of children born of assisted reproduction.
(a)
An individual consenting to assisted reproduction consistent with this article, an individual who is a parent pursuant to §§ 15-8.1-703 and 15-8.1-704, or the individual giving birth, may commence a proceeding in the family court, before, on, or after birth of a resulting child, to obtain a parentage order or determination of parentage:
(1)
Declaring that the intended parent or parents are the parent or parents of the resulting child and ordering that parental rights and responsibilities vest exclusively in the intended parent or parents immediately upon the birth of the child;
(2)
Sealing the record from the public to protect the privacy of the child and the parties;
(3)
Designating the contents of the birth certificate and directing the department of health to designate the intended parent or parents as the parent or parents of the child; or
(4)
For any relief that the court determines necessary and proper.
(b)
A proceeding under this section may be commenced before, on, or after the birth of the child.
(c)
Neither the donor, the state, nor the department of health is a necessary party to a proceeding under this section.
(d)
The family court shall forward a certified copy of the order issued pursuant to this section to the department of health and to the intended parents or their representative.
(e)
The intended parent or parents and any resulting child shall have access to the court records relating to the proceeding at any time.
History of Section.
P.L. 2020, ch. 59, § 2; P.L. 2020, ch. 60, § 2.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 15 - Domestic Relations › Chapter 15-8.1 - Uniform Parentage Act › Article 7 - Parentage by Assisted Reproduction › Section 15-8.1-709. - Laboratory error.

§ 15-8.1-709. Laboratory error.
If due to a laboratory or clinical error, the child is not genetically related to either the intended parent or parents or any donor who donated to the intended parent or parents, the intended parent or parents are the parents of the child unless otherwise determined by the court.
History of Section.
P.L. 2020, ch. 59, § 2; P.L. 2020, ch. 60, § 2.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 15 - Domestic Relations › Chapter 15-8.1 - Uniform Parentage Act › Article 8 - Parentage by Gestational Carrier Agreement › Section 15-8.1-801. - Eligibility to enter gestational carrier agreement.

§ 15-8.1-801. Eligibility to enter gestational carrier agreement.
(a)
In order to execute an agreement to act as a gestational carrier, an individual shall:
(1)
Be at least twenty-one (21) years of age;
(2)
Have completed a medical evaluation;
(3)
Have completed a mental health consultation by a licensed professional who is independent of the facility or providers that undertake the assisted reproduction procedures;
(4)
Have had independent legal representation of the individual’s own choosing, and paid for by the intended parent or parents regarding the terms of the gestational carrier agreement, and have been advised of the potential legal consequences of the gestational carrier agreement; and
(5)
Not have contributed gametes that will ultimately result in an embryo that the gestational carrier will attempt to carry to term, unless the gestational carrier is entering into an agreement with a family member.
(b)
Prior to executing a gestational carrier agreement, an individual or individuals intending to become a parent or parents, whether genetically related to the child or not, shall:
(1)
Be at least twenty-one (21) years of age;
(2)
Have completed a medical evaluation and a mental health consultation; and
(3)
Have retained independent legal representation regarding the terms of the gestational carrier agreement and have been advised of the potential legal consequences of the gestational carrier agreement.
History of Section.
P.L. 2020, ch. 59, § 2; P.L. 2020, ch. 60, § 2.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 15 - Domestic Relations › Chapter 15-8.1 - Uniform Parentage Act › Article 8 - Parentage by Gestational Carrier Agreement › Section 15-8.1-803. - Parental rights and responsibilities.

§ 15-8.1-803. Parental rights and responsibilities.
(a)(1)
If a gestational carrier agreement satisfies the requirements of this article, the intended parent or parents are the parent or parents of the resulting child and parental rights and responsibilities shall vest exclusively in the intended parent or parents immediately upon the birth of the child, and the resulting child is considered the child of the intended parent or parents immediately upon the birth of the child. Neither the gestational carrier nor the gestational carrier’s spouse, if any, is the parent of the resulting child.
(2)
An individual who is determined to be a parent of the resulting child is obligated to support the child. The breach of the gestational carrier agreement by the intended parent or parents does not relieve the intended parent or parents of the obligation to support the resulting child.
(3)
Notwithstanding subsections (a)(1) and (a)(2) of this section, if genetic testing indicates a genetic relationship between the gestational carrier and the child and the child was not conceived pursuant to a gestational carrier agreement with a family member, then parentage shall be determined by the family court pursuant to articles 1 through 6 of this chapter.
(b)
If, due to a laboratory or clinical error, the resulting child is not genetically related to either the intended parent or parents or any donor who donated to the intended parent or parents, the intended parent or parents are considered the parent or parents of the child and not the gestational carrier and the carrier’s spouse, if any, subject to any other claim of parentage.
History of Section.
P.L. 2020, ch. 59, § 2; P.L. 2020, ch. 60, § 2.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 15 - Domestic Relations › Chapter 15-8.1 - Uniform Parentage Act › Article 8 - Parentage by Gestational Carrier Agreement › Section 15-8.1-805. - Jurisdiction.

§ 15-8.1-805. Jurisdiction.
Subject to the jurisdictional standards of chapter 10 of title 8, the court conducting a proceeding under this chapter has exclusive, continuing jurisdiction of all matters arising out of the gestational carrier agreement until a child born to the gestational carrier during the period governed by the agreement attains the age of one hundred eighty (180) days.
History of Section.
P.L. 2020, ch. 59, § 2; P.L. 2020, ch. 60, § 2.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 15 - Domestic Relations › Chapter 15-8.1 - Uniform Parentage Act › Article 8 - Parentage by Gestational Carrier Agreement › Section 15-8.1-806. - Termination of gestational carrier agreement.

§ 15-8.1-806. Termination of gestational carrier agreement.
(a)
A party to a gestational carrier agreement may withdraw consent to any medical procedure and may terminate the gestational carrier agreement at any time prior to any embryo transfer or implantation by giving written notice of termination to all other parties.
(b)
Upon termination of the gestational carrier agreement under subsection (a) of this section, and unless a gestational carrier agreement provides otherwise, the gestational carrier is entitled to keep all payments received and obtain all payments to which the gestational carrier is entitled through the date of termination. Except in a case involving fraud, neither a prospective gestational carrier nor the gestational carrier’s spouse, if any, is liable to the intended parent or parents for terminating a gestational carrier agreement under this section.
History of Section.
P.L. 2020, ch. 59, § 2; P.L. 2020, ch. 60, § 2.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 15 - Domestic Relations › Chapter 15-8.1 - Uniform Parentage Act › Article 8 - Parentage by Gestational Carrier Agreement › Section 15-8.1-807. - Effect of subsequent change of marital status.

§ 15-8.1-807. Effect of subsequent change of marital status.
Unless a gestational carrier agreement expressly provides otherwise:
(1)
The marriage of a gestational carrier or of an intended parent after the agreement has been signed by all parties does not affect the validity of the agreement, the gestational carrier’s spouse’s consent or intended parent’s spouse’s consent to the agreement is not required, and the gestational carrier’s spouse or intended parent’s spouse is not a presumed parent of a child conceived by assisted reproduction under the agreement; and
(2)
The divorce, dissolution, annulment, or legal separation of the gestational carrier or of an intended parent after the agreement has been signed by all parties does not affect the validity of the agreement.
History of Section.
P.L. 2020, ch. 59, § 2; P.L. 2020, ch. 60, § 2.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 15 - Domestic Relations › Chapter 15-8.1 - Uniform Parentage Act › Article 8 - Parentage by Gestational Carrier Agreement › Section 15-8.1-808. - Effect of noncompliance, standard of review, remedies.

§ 15-8.1-808. Effect of noncompliance, standard of review, remedies.
(a)
A gestational carrier agreement that does not substantially comply with the requirements of this article is not enforceable.
(b)
In the event that a gestational carrier agreement does not substantially comply with the requirements of this article, the family court or the superior court shall determine parentage based on the intent of the parties, including evidence of the intent of the parties at the time of execution.
(c)
Except as expressly provided in a gestational carrier agreement and in subsection (d) of this section, in the event of a breach of the gestational carrier agreement by the gestational carrier or the intended parent or parents, the gestational carrier or the intended parent or parents are entitled to all remedies available at law or in equity.
(d)
If an individual alleges that the parentage of a child born to a gestational carrier is not the result of assisted reproduction, and this question is relevant to the determination of parentage, the court may order genetic testing.
(e)
Specific performance is not an available remedy for a breach by the gestational carrier of any term in a gestational carrier agreement that requires the gestational carrier to be impregnated or to terminate a pregnancy. Specific performance is an available remedy for a breach by the gestational carrier of any term that prevents the intended parent or parents from exercising the full rights of parentage immediately upon the birth of the child.
History of Section.
P.L. 2020, ch. 59, § 2; P.L. 2020, ch. 60, § 2.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 15 - Domestic Relations › Chapter 15-8.1 - Uniform Parentage Act › Article 8 - Parentage by Gestational Carrier Agreement › Section 15-8.1-809. - Liability for payment of gestational carrier health care costs.

§ 15-8.1-809. Liability for payment of gestational carrier health care costs.
(a)
The intended parent or parents are liable for the health care costs of the gestational carrier that are not paid by insurance. As used in this section, “health care costs” means the expenses of all health care provided for assisted reproduction, prenatal care, labor, and delivery.
(b)
A gestational carrier agreement shall explicitly detail how the health care costs of the gestational carrier are paid. The breach of a gestational carrier agreement by a party to the agreement does not relieve the intended parent or parents of the liability for health care costs imposed by subsection (a) of this section.
(c)
This section is not intended to supplant any health insurance coverage that is otherwise available to the gestational carrier or an intended parent for the coverage of health care costs. This section does not change the health insurance coverage of the gestational carrier or the responsibility of the insurance company to pay benefits under a policy that covers a gestational carrier.
History of Section.
P.L. 2020, ch. 59, § 2; P.L. 2020, ch. 60, § 2.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 15 - Domestic Relations › Chapter 15-8.1 - Uniform Parentage Act › Article 9 - Information About Donor › Section 15-8.1-901. - Definitions.

§ 15-8.1-901. Definitions.
As used in this article:
(1)
“Identifying information” means:
(i)
The full name of a donor;
(ii)
The date of birth of the donor; and
(iii)
The permanent and, if different, current address of the donor at the time of the donation.
(2)
“Medical history” means information regarding any of the following:
(i)
Present illness of a donor;
(ii)
Past illness of the donor; and
(iii)
Social, genetic, and family history pertaining to the health of the donor.
History of Section.
P.L. 2020, ch. 59, § 2; P.L. 2020, ch. 60, § 2.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 15 - Domestic Relations › Chapter 15-8.1 - Uniform Parentage Act › Article 9 - Information About Donor › Section 15-8.1-902. - Applicability.

§ 15-8.1-902. Applicability.
This article applies only to gametes collected on or after the effective date of this act [January 1, 2021].
History of Section.
P.L. 2020, ch. 59, § 2; P.L. 2020, ch. 60, § 2.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 15 - Domestic Relations › Chapter 15-8.1 - Uniform Parentage Act › Article 9 - Information About Donor › Section 15-8.1-903. - Collection of information about donor.

§ 15-8.1-903. Collection of information about donor.
(a)
A gamete bank or fertility clinic licensed in this state shall collect from a donor the donor’s identifying information and medical history at the time of the donation.
(b)
A gamete bank or fertility clinic licensed in this state which receives gametes of a donor collected by another gamete bank or fertility clinic shall collect the name, address, telephone number, and electronic mail address of the gamete bank or fertility clinic from which it received the gametes.
(c)
A gamete bank or fertility clinic licensed in this state shall disclose the information collected under subsections (a) and (b) of this section as provided under § 15-8.1-905.
History of Section.
P.L. 2020, ch. 59, § 2; P.L. 2020, ch. 60, § 2.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 15 - Domestic Relations › Chapter 15-8.1 - Uniform Parentage Act › Article 9 - Information About Donor › Section 15-8.1-904. - Declaration regarding identity disclosure.

§ 15-8.1-904. Declaration regarding identity disclosure.
(a)
A gamete bank or fertility clinic licensed in this state which collects gametes from a donor shall:
(1)
Provide the donor with information in a record about the donor’s choice regarding identity disclosure; and
(2)
Obtain a declaration from the donor regarding identity disclosure.
(b)
A gamete bank or fertility clinic licensed in this state shall give a donor the choice to sign a notarized declaration that either:
(1)
States that the donor agrees to disclose the donor’s identity to a child conceived by assisted reproduction with the donor’s gametes on request once the child attains eighteen (18) years of age; or
(2)
States that the donor does not agree presently to disclose the donor’s identity to the child.
(c)
A gamete bank or fertility clinic licensed in this state shall permit a donor who has signed a declaration under subsection (b)(2) of this section, to withdraw the declaration at any time by signing a declaration under subsection (b)(1) of this section.
History of Section.
P.L. 2020, ch. 59, § 2; P.L. 2020, ch. 60, § 2.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 15 - Domestic Relations › Chapter 15-8.1 - Uniform Parentage Act › Article 9 - Information About Donor › Section 15-8.1-905. - Disclosure of identifying information and medical history.

§ 15-8.1-905. Disclosure of identifying information and medical history.
(a)
On request of a child conceived by assisted reproduction who attains eighteen (18) years of age, a gamete bank or fertility clinic licensed in this state which collected the gametes used in the assisted reproduction shall make a good-faith effort to provide the child with identifying information of the donor who provided the gametes, unless the donor signed and did not withdraw a declaration under § 15-8.1-904(b)(2). If the donor signed and did not withdraw the declaration, the gamete bank or fertility clinic shall make a good-faith effort to notify the donor, who may elect under § 15-8.1-904(c) to withdraw the donor’s declaration.
(b)
Regardless, whether a donor signed a declaration under § 15-8.1-904(b)(2), on request by a child conceived by assisted reproduction who attains eighteen (18) years of age, or, if the child is a minor, by a parent or guardian of the child, a gamete bank or fertility clinic licensed in this state which collected the gametes used in the assisted reproduction shall make a good-faith effort to provide the child or, if the child is a minor, the parent or guardian of the child, access to nonidentifying medical history of the donor.
(c)
On request of a child conceived by assisted reproduction who attains eighteen (18) years of age, a gamete bank or fertility clinic licensed in this state which received the gametes used in the assisted reproduction from another gamete bank or fertility clinic shall disclose the name, address, telephone number, and electronic mail address of the gamete bank or fertility clinic from which it received the gametes.
History of Section.
P.L. 2020, ch. 59, § 2; P.L. 2020, ch. 60, § 2.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 15 - Domestic Relations › Chapter 15-8.1 - Uniform Parentage Act › Article 9 - Information About Donor › Section 15-8.1-906. - Recordkeeping.

§ 15-8.1-906. Recordkeeping.
(a)
A gamete bank or fertility clinic licensed in this state which collects gametes for use in assisted reproduction shall maintain identifying information and medical history about each gamete donor. The gamete bank or fertility clinic shall maintain records of gamete screening and testing and comply with reporting requirements, in accordance with federal law and applicable law of this state other than this article.
(b)
A gamete bank or fertility clinic licensed in this state that receives gametes from another gamete bank or fertility clinic shall maintain the name, address, telephone number, and electronic mail address of the gamete bank or fertility clinic from which it received the gametes.
History of Section.
P.L. 2020, ch. 59, § 2; P.L. 2020, ch. 60, § 2.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 15 - Domestic Relations › Chapter 15-8.1 - Uniform Parentage Act › Article 10 - Applicability › Section 15-8.1-1001. - Uniformity of application and construction.

§ 15-8.1-1001. Uniformity of application and construction.
In applying and construing this chapter, consideration must be given to the need to promote uniformity of the law with respect to its subject matter among states that enact it.
History of Section.
P.L. 2020, ch. 59, § 2; P.L. 2020, ch. 60, § 2.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 15 - Domestic Relations › Chapter 15-8.1 - Uniform Parentage Act › Article 10 - Applicability › Section 15-8.1-1002. - Relation to Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act.

§ 15-8.1-1002. Relation to Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act.
This chapter modifies, limits, or supersedes the Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act, 15 U.S.C. § 7001 et seq., but does not modify, limit, or supersede Section 101(c) of that act, 15 U.S.C. § 7001(c), or authorize electronic delivery of any of the notices described in 15 U.S.C. § 7003(b).
History of Section.
P.L. 2020, ch. 59, § 2; P.L. 2020, ch. 60, § 2.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 15 - Domestic Relations › Chapter 15-8.1 - Uniform Parentage Act › Article 10 - Applicability › Section 15-8.1-1003. - Transitional provision.

§ 15-8.1-1003. Transitional provision.
This chapter applies to a pending proceeding to adjudicate parentage commenced before the effective date of this act [January 1, 2021] for an issue on which a judgment has not been entered.
History of Section.
P.L. 2020, ch. 59, § 2; P.L. 2020, ch. 60, § 2.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 15 - Domestic Relations › Chapter 15-8.1 - Uniform Parentage Act › Article 10 - Applicability › Section 15-8.1-1004. - Severability.

§ 15-8.1-1004. Severability.
If any provision of this chapter or its application to any individual or circumstances is held invalid, the invalidity does not affect other provisions or applications of this chapter which can be given effect without the invalid provision or application, and to this end the provisions of this chapter are severable.
History of Section.
P.L. 2020, ch. 59, § 2; P.L. 2020, ch. 60, § 2.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 15 - Domestic Relations › Chapter 15-9 - Support of Children [See Title 16 Chapter 97 — The Rhode Island Board of Education Act] › Section 15-9-2. - Enforceability.

§ 15-9-2. Enforceability.
All duties of support and maintenance, including the duty to pay arrearages, are enforceable by a court proceeding under the provisions of chapter 23 of this title.
History of Section.
P.L. 1981, ch. 143, § 2; P.L. 1996, ch. 129, § 4; P.L. 1996, ch. 131, § 4; P.L. 1996, ch. 132, § 4; P.L. 1996, ch. 133, § 4.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 15 - Domestic Relations › Chapter 15-9 - Support of Children [See Title 16 Chapter 97 — The Rhode Island Board of Education Act] › Section 15-9-3. - Division of taxation within the department of administration as legal representative — Payment of costs.

§ 15-9-3. Division of taxation within the department of administration as legal representative — Payment of costs.
(a)
In any proceeding under this chapter the division of taxation within the department of administration shall represent the department of children, youth and families.
(b)
The division of taxation within the department of administration shall remit to the general treasury the net collections after deducting all reasonable costs and expenses of any action or proceeding under this chapter.
History of Section.
P.L. 1981, ch. 143, § 2; P.L. 1996, ch. 129, § 4; P.L. 1996, ch. 131, § 4; P.L. 1996, ch. 132, § 4; P.L. 1996, ch. 133, § 4.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 15 - Domestic Relations › Chapter 15-9 - Support of Children [See Title 16 Chapter 97 — The Rhode Island Board of Education Act] › Section 15-9-4. - Severability.

§ 15-9-4. Severability.
If any provision of this chapter or the application of it to any person or circumstance is held invalid, the invalidity does not affect other provisions or applications of the chapter which can be given effect without the invalid provision or application, and to this end the provisions of this chapter are severable.
History of Section.
P.L. 1981, ch. 143, § 2.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 15 - Domestic Relations › Chapter 15-9 - Support of Children [See Title 16 Chapter 97 — The Rhode Island Board of Education Act] › Section 15-9-5. - Duty of department to parent.

§ 15-9-5. Duty of department to parent.
(a)
Prior to filing a claim pursuant to § 15-9-1, the department shall seek the cooperation of the person from whom reimbursement for support and maintenance may be sought.
(b)
The department shall inform the person that he or she does not, for good cause, have to cooperate. The department shall explain to the person his or her rights and obligations, including good cause for refusal to cooperate, as set forth in 45 C.F.R. 232.41 et seq.
(c)
The department shall promulgate rules, regulations, and procedures to implement this section.
History of Section.
P.L. 1990, ch. 65, art. 38, § 2.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 15 - Domestic Relations › Chapter 15-10 - Support of Parents › Section 15-10-1. - Penalty for unreasonable neglect of destitute parents.

§ 15-10-1. Penalty for unreasonable neglect of destitute parents.
(a)
Any person, above the age of eighteen (18) years, who unreasonably neglects or refuses to provide for the support and maintenance of his or her parent, whether father or mother, residing in this state, when his or her parent through misfortune, and without fault of his or her own, is destitute of means of sustenance and unable by reason of old age, infirmity, or illness to support and maintain himself or herself, shall be punished by a fine not exceeding two hundred dollars ($200), or by imprisonment for not more than one year, or by both a fine and imprisonment.
(b)
No neglect or refusal shall be deemed unreasonable as to a child who, during his or her minority, was not reasonably supported by the parent, if the parent was charged with the duty to do so, nor as to any child who, being one of two (2) or more children, has made proper and reasonable contribution toward the support of his or her destitute parent.
History of Section.
P.L. 1917, ch. 1510, § 1; G.L. 1923, ch. 292, § 1; G.L. 1938, ch. 419, § 1; G.L. 1956, § 15-10-1; P.L. 2004, ch. 6, § 26.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 15 - Domestic Relations › Chapter 15-10 - Support of Parents › Section 15-10-2. - Orders for benefit of parents.

§ 15-10-2. Orders for benefit of parents.
Before the trial, with the consent of the defendant, or at the trial, on entry of a plea of guilty, or after conviction, the court may, in its discretion, make any orders and require any conditions for the benefit of the destitute parent that the circumstances of the defendant may require.
History of Section.
P.L. 1917, ch. 1510, § 2; G.L. 1923, ch. 292, § 2; G.L. 1938, ch. 419, § 2; G.L. 1956, § 15-10-2.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 15 - Domestic Relations › Chapter 15-10 - Support of Parents › Section 15-10-3. - Director of human services as complainant.

§ 15-10-3. Director of human services as complainant.
The director of human services or any person designated and appointed to do so by the director may be the party complainant to any complaint and warrant brought to invoke the penalties provided for in this chapter, and the director or his or her designee and appointee shall be exempt from giving surety for costs in any such action.
History of Section.
P.L. 1952, ch. 2984, § 1; G.L. 1956, § 15-10-3; P.L. 1959, ch. 93, § 2; Reorg. Plan No. 1, 1970.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 15 - Domestic Relations › Chapter 15-10 - Support of Parents › Section 15-10-4. - Other parties as complainants — Jurisdiction and venue.

§ 15-10-4. Other parties as complainants — Jurisdiction and venue.
Complaints under the provisions of this chapter may be made by a destitute parent, children of a destitute parent, the director of public welfare of any city or town, or the director of any licensed private charity, in the district court of the judicial district, or police court of the city, or the family court of the area, in which either the parent or child is living.
History of Section.
P.L. 1917, ch. 1510, § 3; G.L. 1923, ch. 292, § 3; G.L. 1938, ch. 419, § 3; P.L. 1954, ch. 3383, § 1; G.L. 1956, § 15-10-4.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 15 - Domestic Relations › Chapter 15-10 - Support of Parents › Section 15-10-5. - Costs paid by state.

§ 15-10-5. Costs paid by state.
Whenever a complaint under this chapter shall be brought by a director of public welfare, the costs, if taxed to the complainant, shall be paid by the state.
History of Section.
P.L. 1917, ch. 1510, § 4; G.L. 1923, ch. 292, § 4; G.L. 1938, ch. 419, § 4; G.L. 1956, § 15-10-5.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 15 - Domestic Relations › Chapter 15-10 - Support of Parents › Section 15-10-6. - Prosecution of criminal actions.

§ 15-10-6. Prosecution of criminal actions.
All criminal actions for any violation of this chapter or any rule or regulation promulgated under this chapter pertaining to the department of human services shall be prosecuted by the attorney general or by any qualified member of the Rhode Island bar who shall be designated by the director and approved by the attorney general to institute and prosecute the action.
History of Section.
P.L. 1952, ch. 2984, § 2; G.L. 1956, § 15-10-6; Reorg. Plan No. 1, 1970.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 15 - Domestic Relations › Chapter 15-10 - Support of Parents › Section 15-10-7. - Right of contribution from other children.

§ 15-10-7. Right of contribution from other children.
Any child making more than his or her share of a proper and reasonable contribution toward the support of his or her destitute parents shall have a right of contribution from other children over the age of eighteen (18) years of the parents, who have been supported by the parents, in a civil action subject to any orders and conditions that the court deems that the circumstances of the defendant or defendants may require.
History of Section.
G.L. 1938, ch. 419, § 5; P.L. 1954, ch. 3383, § 2; G.L. 1956, § 15-10-7.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 15 - Domestic Relations › Chapter 15-10 - Support of Parents › Section 15-10-8. - Support for certain patients of nursing facilities.

§ 15-10-8. Support for certain patients of nursing facilities.
The uncompensated costs of care provided by a licensed nursing facility to any person may be recovered by the nursing facility from any child of that person who is above the age of eighteen (18) years, to the extent that the child previously received a transfer of any interests or assets from the person receiving such care, which transfer resulted in a period of Medicaid ineligibility imposed pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 1396p(c), as amended from time to time, on a person whose assets have been transferred for less than fair market value.
Recourse hereunder shall be limited to the fair market value of the interests or assets transferred at the time of transfer. For the purposes of this section “the costs of care” shall mean the costs of providing care, including nursing care, personal care, meals, transportation and any other costs, charges, and expenses incurred by the facility. Costs of care shall not exceed the customary rate the nursing facility charges to a patient who pays for his or her care directly rather than through a governmental or other third party payor. Nothing contained in this section shall prohibit or otherwise diminish any other causes of action possessed by any such nursing facility. The death of the person receiving nursing facility care shall not nullify or otherwise affect the liability of the person or persons charged with the costs of care hereunder.
History of Section.
P.L. 2015, ch. 141, art. 5, § 1.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 15 - Domestic Relations › Chapter 15-11 - Reciprocal Enforcement of Support [Repealed.] › Section 15-11-1 - — 15-11-42. Repealed.

§ 15-11-1 — 15-11-42. Repealed.
History of Section.
P.L 1979, ch. 260, § 2; P.L. 1992, ch. 177, § 1; P.L. 1992, ch. 263, § 1; Repealed by P.L. 1996, ch. 129, § 5, P.L. 1996, ch. 131, § 5, P.L. 1996, ch. 132, § 5; P.L. 1996, ch. 133, § 5 effective January 1, 1997. For present comparable provisions, see § 15-23.1-101 et seq.
2023 Rhode Island General Laws › Title 15 - Domestic Relations › Chapter 15-11.1 - Full Enforcement of Support Obligations › Section 15-11.1-1. - Short title.

§ 15-11.1-1. Short title.
This chapter shall be known and may be cited as the “Rhode Island Full Enforcement of Support Obligations Act”.
[See § 12-1-15 of the General Laws.]
History of Section.
P.L. 1995, ch. 370, art. 29, § 6; P.L. 1995, ch. 374, § 6.