reglab/statecodes huggingface dataset:
2023 New York Laws › TWN - Town › Article 3-A - Suburban Town Law › Title 4 - Town Departments › 53-A - Department Heads.

§ 53-a. Department heads. The town board shall appoint the head of any
  department  of  the  government  of  the  town established or created in
  accordance with the provisions of this article.  Such  department  heads
  shall  be  principal  executive officers of their respective departments
  and their offices shall be in the unclassified service, and unless their
  titles are otherwise designated by the town board, they shall  be  known
  as  directors.  Salaries  of department heads shall be determined in the
  same manner as is provided in the annual  budget  for  the  salaries  of
  other  town  officers,  provided,  however,  that  where the duties of a
  department head are increased, altered or diminished by local law and to
  the extent funds are available therefor, appropriate adjustment  may  be
  made in such local law in the salary of such department head.
2023 New York Laws › TWN - Town › Article 3-A - Suburban Town Law › Title 4 - Town Departments › 53-B - Deputy Department Heads.

§  53-b.  Deputy  department  heads.  The  town board may appoint such
  deputy department heads as may be authorized by act of  the  legislature
  or  local  law,  with  power  to act generally for and in place of their
  principals, and the office of such a deputy shall be in the exempt class
  of the civil service.
2023 New York Laws › TWN - Town › Article 3-A - Suburban Town Law › Title 4 - Town Departments › 53-C - Terms of Office.

§  53-c.  Terms  of  office.  The  head  of  a department and a deputy
  department head shall hold office until the first day  of  January  next
  succeeding the first bi-annual town election held after his appointment,
  and  thereafter,  shall  hold office for the term of two years and until
  his  successor  shall  have  qualified,  provided,  however,  that   the
  appointees  to  such  offices  shall be removable at the pleasure of the
  town board unless otherwise provided by local law.
2023 New York Laws › TWN - Town › Article 3-A - Suburban Town Law › Title 6 - Reserve Funds › 55 - General Reserve Fund.

§  55.  General reserve fund. 1. The town board of a suburban town may
establish a general reserve fund for the financing of all or part of the
cost of town objects or purposes having periods of  probable  usefulness
of  at  least five years pursuant to paragraph a of section 11.00 of the
local finance law, other than objects or purposes for  which  a  reserve
fund may be established pursuant to section fifty-five-a or fifty-five-b
of this chapter.
2. There may be paid into such fund:
(a)   Such  an  amount  as  may  be  provided  therefor  by  budgetary
appropriation or transfer or raised by tax therefor.
(b) Such revenues as are not required by law to be paid into any other
fund or account, including the proceeds from the  sale  of  any  capital
improvement or equipment owned by such town.
3.  An  expenditure may be made from the fund only by an authorization
of the town board and only for a specific object  or  purpose  having  a
period  of  probable  usefulness  of  at  least  five  years pursuant to
paragraph a of section 11.00 of the local finance law. The authorization
of such an expenditure shall be subject to a  permissive  referendum  in
the  manner  provided  by  article seven of this chapter. No expenditure
from the fund shall be authorized for that  part  of  the  cost  of  any
object  or  purpose which is to be borne by (a) assessments for benefit,
(b) ad valorem taxes upon the real property within an  area  of  benefit
within  the town, or, (c) ad valorem taxes upon the real property within
an area of the town less than the entire area.
4. Nothing contained in this article shall be deemed  to  prevent  the
temporary  advance  of the moneys in the fund pursuant to the provisions
of section 165.10 of the local finance law.
2023 New York Laws › TWN - Town › Article 3-A - Suburban Town Law › Title 6 - Reserve Funds › 55-A - Reserve Funds for Improvement Districts.

§  55-a. Reserve funds for improvement districts. 1. The town board of
  a suburban town, on behalf of any improvement  district  wholly  located
  within  the  town,  may  establish  one  or  more  reserve funds for the
  financing of all or part of the cost of a "specific object  or  purpose"
  or  a  "class  of  objects  or  purposes",  as such terms are defined in
  section 2.00 of  the  local  finance  law,  which  may  be  constructed,
  reconstructed,  acquired  or  provided by or on behalf of such district.
  The authorization of the establishment of such a fund shall  be  subject
  to  a permissive referendum in the affected district and shall set forth
  the estimated maximum cost of any such specific  object  or  purpose  or
  class thereof.
2.  There may be paid into such fund such an amount as may be provided
  therefor by budgetary appropriation or such district revenues as are not
  required by law to be paid into any other fund or account.   Any  amount
  to  be assessed, levied and collected in a district to provide money for
  such a fund shall be assessed, levied and collected in the  same  manner
  and at the same time as the amount to provide for the costs of operation
  and maintenance of such district.
3.  An  expenditure  may  be  made from such a reserve fund only by an
  authorization of the town board  and  only  for  a  specific  object  or
  purpose or class thereof, the cost of which may be financed therefrom.
4.  The  town  board  may  authorize  the  transfer to the credit of a
  reserve fund created pursuant to this section for the district affected,
  any unexpended balance remaining in another  reserve  fund  created  for
  such  district.  If the object or purpose or class thereof for which the
  latter fund was established has been completed, acquired or provided,  a
  sum  sufficient  to  satisfy  all  outstanding  claims arising from such
  completion, acquisition or provision shall be retained in such fund  and
  not transferred.
2023 New York Laws › TWN - Town › Article 3-A - Suburban Town Law › Title 6 - Reserve Funds › 55-B - Reserve Fund for Judgments and Claims.

§  55-b. Reserve fund for judgments and claims. 1. The town board of a
suburban town may establish a reserve fund for the financing of  all  or
part of the cost of payment of:
(a) Judgments or compromised or settled claims against the town; and
(b)  Awards or sums payable by the town pursuant to a determination by
a court, or an officer, body or agency acting in  an  administrative  or
quasi-judicial capacity.
2.  The  amount  of  any  such  fund  shall  not exceed the greater of
thirty-three thousand dollars or five per centum of the total budget for
such fiscal year at any one time, exclusive of any interest  or  capital
gains  realized  from the investment of the money in such fund. Whenever
an expenditure shall be made from such fund,  additional  money  may  be
appropriated  or  transferred  thereto in an amount which, together with
all money remaining in such fund including any interest or capital gains
realized from the investment of the money in such fund, shall not exceed
the greater of thirty-three thousand dollars or five per centum  of  the
total budget for such fiscal year.
3. There may be paid into such fund:
(a)   Such  an  amount  as  may  be  provided  therefor  by  budgetary
appropriation or transfer or raised by tax therefor.
(b) Such revenues as are not required by law to be paid into any other
fund or account, including the proceeds from the  sale  of  any  capital
improvement or equipment owned by such town.
4.  An  expenditure may be made from the fund only by authorization of
the town board and only for a specific object or purpose,  the  cost  of
which  may be financed therefrom. Any expenditure made from such fund to
pay all or part of the cost of a judgment, claim, award or determination
arising out of the management, improvement, operation or maintenance  of
any  special  improvement  district located in the town shall be charged
back against such district and  raised  in  the  same  manner  as  other
district  charges. Any amount so charged to a district shall be included
in determining the amount of such fund, exclusive  of  any  interest  or
capital gains realized from the investment of the money in such fund.
2023 New York Laws › TWN - Town › Article 3-A - Suburban Town Law › Title 6 - Reserve Funds › 55-C - Deposit and Investment of and Accounting for Moneys in Reserve Funds.

§ 55-c. Deposit and investment of and accounting for moneys in reserve
funds.  1.  The  money in each reserve fund established pursuant to this
article shall be deposited and secured in the manner provided by section
ten of the general municipal law.
2.  The town board or the chief fiscal officer of  the  town,  if  the
town  board  shall  delegate  such duty to him, may invest the moneys in
each such reserve fund or, in two or more  such  funds,  in  the  manner
provided  in  section  eleven of the general municipal law. Any interest
earned or capital gains realized on the money so deposited  or  invested
shall  accrue to and become a part of each such fund. Where the money in
two or more such reserve  funds  are  invested  together,  the  interest
earned  or  capital gains realized shall be apportioned to each separate
fund in the same proportion as the amount of  each  fund  bears  to  the
aggregate amount of the several funds.
3.    The  chief fiscal officer shall keep a separate account for each
such fund. Such account shall show:
(a) The date and amount of each sum paid into the fund.
(b) The interest earned by such fund.
(c) The capital gains or losses resulting from the sale of investments
of the fund.
(d) The interest or capital gains which have accrued to the fund.
(e) The amount and date of each expenditure from the fund.
(f) The assets of the fund, indicating the cash  balance  therein  and
the schedule of the amounts invested.
The  chief  fiscal  officer,  at  the termination of each fiscal year,
shall render a detailed report of the operation and  condition  of  each
such fund to the town board.
4.  The members of the town board are hereby declared trustees of each
such  fund  and  shall be subject to all the duties and responsibilities
imposed by law on trustees, and such duties and responsibilities may  be
enforced  by  the  town, or by any board, commission, agency, officer or
taxpayer thereof.
5. The members of the town board shall not:
(a) Authorize an expenditure or withdrawal from any such fund for  any
purpose  other  than for the financing of an object or purpose which has
been authorized to be financed in whole or in part from such fund; or
(b) Expend any money withdrawn from any such fund for a purpose  other
than that for which it was authorized to be withdrawn.
Any  violation of this subdivision shall be an offense punishable by a
civil penalty of not more than one hundred dollars.  The  provisions  of
this  subdivision  shall  be  considered  to be in addition to any other
penalties provided by law.
2023 New York Laws › TWN - Town › Article 3-B - Town Manager › 58-A - Powers and Duties.

§  58-a.  Powers  and  duties.  The  town  manager  shall be the chief
  administrative officer of the town and may  be  given  such  powers  and
  duties by local law, as the town board in its discretion shall prescribe
  notwithstanding  the  provisions  of  any  general or special law to the
  contrary, unless the legislature  expressly  shall  have  restricted  or
  prohibited  the  adoption  of  a local law relating to the delegation or
  grant of such powers provided, however, that the powers  of  legislation
  and  appropriation  shall be exercised by the town board. Subject to the
  provisions of sections twenty-three and  twenty-four  of  the  municipal
  home  rule law, the town board may also, by local law, grant or transfer
  to such town manager powers and duties held by elected officials of  the
  town.
2023 New York Laws › TWN - Town › Article 4 - Town Boards › 60 - Town Board Constituted.

§  60. Town board constituted. 1. In every town the supervisor and the
  town council members shall constitute the town board and shall be vested
  with all the powers of such a town and shall possess  and  exercise  all
  the  powers and be subject to all the duties now or hereafter imposed by
  law upon town boards and town boards of health within such towns; but it
  is not intended to extend the power of said boards  or  officers  within
  the  limits  of  any  incorporated  village or city, or in any manner to
  abridge or interfere with the power and authority of the officers of any
  such village or city within its corporate limits,  except  as  otherwise
  provided by law.
2.  In any town in which a town justice serves as a member of the town
  board, such town justice shall continue to serve as a member of the town
  board until the expiration of their term. Thereafter  any  town  justice
  shall  not be a member of the town board and a town council member shall
  be elected as a member of such town board in place of such town  justice
  except  as  otherwise  provided  by the town board by resolution adopted
  pursuant to the provisions of section sixty-a of this article.
2023 New York Laws › TWN - Town › Article 4 - Town Boards › 61 - Commissions Abolished.

§  61. Commissions abolished. Every separate board of commissioners is
  hereby abolished, except fire district commissioners, and  commissioners
  of  districts created pursuant to the provisions of chapter four hundred
  twenty-three of the laws of nineteen hundred seventeen and chapter  five
  hundred  fifty-five  of the laws of nineteen hundred twenty-six, and the
  commissioners of any district which shall  have  adopted  a  proposition
  pursuant  to  subdivision ten of section three hundred forty-one of this
  chapter. The town clerk shall  forthwith  notify  the  members  of  such
  boards  so abolished and they shall deliver to the town clerk within ten
  days, all the records, books and papers of such  boards  or  commissions
  and,  within  the  same time, shall deliver to the supervisor all funds,
  and to the town board all other property in their  possession  or  under
  their  control,  and make complete and proper accounting therefor to the
  town board. All powers heretofore exercised by said separate  boards  or
  commissions  so  abolished shall hereafter be vested in and be exercised
  by the town board.
Except as otherwise provided by law and subject to the  provisions  of
  this  chapter,  districts now existing shall continue as now established
  until such time as the town board may otherwise determine,  pursuant  to
  the  provisions  of  article twelve. The town board shall have authority
  to, and may exercise in and for such districts all the powers  permitted
  by section one hundred ninety-eight of this chapter, and such additional
  powers  as  shall be necessarily implied therefrom for the operation and
  maintenance of such district or districts, including but not limited  to
  the  employment  of  personal  services  and  the  purchase  of required
  equipment. The town board  shall  annually  prepare  a  budget  for  the
  operation  and  maintenance of each such district, including therein the
  amounts necessary for the retirement of all bonds or  other  obligations
  and  for  the  payment  of  interest  upon  all outstanding indebtedness
  becoming due during the next  fiscal  year,  and  the  supervisor  shall
  submit  such  budget  to  the  board of supervisors of the county at the
  annual session thereof, and the total amount of  such  budget  shall  be
  assessed  and levied upon and collected from the taxable property within
  such district or districts.
2023 New York Laws › TWN - Town › Article 4 - Town Boards › 62 - Meetings of Town Board.

§  62.  Meetings  of town board. 1. The town board of every town shall
  meet on or before the twentieth day of January  in  each  year  for  the
  purpose  of  making the annual accounting by town officers and employees
  as required by section one hundred twenty-three  of  this  chapter.  The
  requirement for the annual accounting shall not apply to a town having a
  town  comptroller,  nor  to  a town which, prior to the twentieth day of
  January,  shall  have  engaged  the  services  of  a  certified   public
  accountant  or public accountant to make an annual audit to be completed
  within sixty days after the close of the town's fiscal year.
2. The town board of every town of the first class shall hold at least
  one meeting in each month. The supervisor of  any  town  may,  and  upon
  written  request of two members of the board shall within ten days, call
  a special meeting of the town board by giving at least two  days  notice
  in  writing to members of the board of the time when and the place where
  the meeting is to be held. All meetings of the town board shall be  held
  within  the  town  at  such  place  as the town board shall determine by
  resolution, except that  where  provision  is  made  by  law  for  joint
  meetings  of  two or more town boards such joint meetings may be held in
  any of the towns to be represented thereat.
2023 New York Laws › TWN - Town › Article 4 - Town Boards › 63 - Presiding Officer and Rules of Procedure.

§  63.  Presiding officer and rules of procedure. The supervisor, when
  present, shall preside at the meetings of the town board. In the absence
  of the supervisor, the  other  members  shall  designate  one  of  their
  members  to  act  as  temporary  chairman. A majority of the board shall
  constitute a quorum for the transaction of business, but a lesser number
  may adjourn. The vote upon every question shall be  taken  by  ayes  and
  noes,  and  the  names  of  the members present and their votes shall be
  entered in the minutes. Every act, motion or  resolution  shall  require
  for  its  adoption the affirmative vote of a majority of all the members
  of the town board. The board may determine the rules of  its  procedure,
  and  the  supervisor  may,  from  time  to  time,  appoint  one  or more
  committees, consisting of members of the board, to aid  and  assist  the
  board in the performance of its duties.
2023 New York Laws › TWN - Town › Article 4 - Town Boards › 64-B - Powers of Town With Respect to Municipal Deposits in National Banks in Liquidation.

* § 64-b.  Powers  of  town  with  respect  to  municipal  deposits in
  national  banks  in  liquidation.  Whenever  the  depositors  and  other
  unsecured  creditors of a national bank, representing at least sixty per
  centum in amount of its total net unsecured liabilities as shown by  the
  books  of  the bank, acting pursuant to section two hundred seven of the
  bank conservation act, have waived and released to the  bank  a  certain
  percentage  of  their  deposits and/or other claims, the town board of a
  town having municipal funds deposited in such bank, upon determining  by
  majority  vote  that  it  is  for  the  best  interest  of the town, may
  authorize the supervisor  of  such  town  to  execute  a  waiver  and/or
  release,  similar in form to those executed by such other depositors, by
  which it shall waive and/or release unto such bank a like percentage  in
  amount  of  its  net unsecured claim against the bank as shall have been
  theretofore waived  and/or  released  by  the  other  depositors  and/or
  creditors  representing at least sixty per centum in amount of its total
  net  unsecured  liabilities,  as  aforesaid.  The  certificate  of   the
  conservator  or  other  public  official  in  charge of such bank to the
  effect that waivers and/or releases have been so executed to the  amount
  of sixty per centum of the total net unsecured liabilities of such bank,
  shall constitute the necessary condition precedent to such action by the
  town  board of the town. Neither the supervisor nor any member of a town
  board shall be liable to the town for any authorization given or release
  or waiver executed pursuant to the provisions of this section.
* NB Effective until June 30, 2025; then becomes § 64-a
2023 New York Laws › TWN - Town › Article 4 - Town Boards › 64-C - Payment in Lieu of Taxes for Property Acquired for Park and Recreational Purposes.

* §  64-c. Payment in lieu of taxes for property acquired for park and
  recreational purposes. The town of Hempstead,  having  acquired  certain
  property  for  park and recreational purposes in Lido Beach known as the
  Lido Golf Club and the  Lido  Cabana  Club  shall  have  the  power  and
  authority  with  respect to such property, to pay or transfer out of any
  town funds available to it, annual sums in lieu of taxes to the affected
  taxing jurisdiction, in order that  none  of  such  taxing  jurisdiction
  shall  suffer  an inequitable loss of revenue by virtue of such park and
  recreational program; provided further,  that  the  amount  so  paid  or
  transferred  for  any  year shall not exceed the sum last levied for the
  benefit of such taxing jurisdiction as an annual tax  on  such  property
  prior to the time of its acquisition for such purposes.
As  used  in  this  section,  the term "taxing jurisdiction" means any
  municipal corporation or  district  corporation,  including  any  school
  district  or  any special district, having the power to levy and collect
  taxes and benefit assessments upon real property in  Lido  Beach  or  in
  whose  behalf  such  taxes  or  benefit  assessments  may  be  levied or
  collected.
That the  payments  or  transfers  made  pursuant  to  the  power  and
  authority  granted  herein  with respect to such property shall continue
  notwithstanding that the legislature  of  the  state  of  New  York  may
  hereinafter  alter, modify or replace the current method of financing of
  public  education  and  notwithstanding  that  a  court   of   competent
  jurisdiction  may hereinafter order that such method of financing public
  education be altered, modified or replaced.
* NB Expires July 1, 2025
2023 New York Laws › TWN - Town › Article 4 - Town Boards › 64-D - Payment in Lieu of Taxes for Property Acquired for Open Space Purposes.

§  64-d. Payment in lieu of taxes for property acquired for open space
  purposes. The town of Southampton, Suffolk county, shall have the  power
  and  authority with respect to property acquired for open space purposes
  to pay or transfer out of any town funds available to it, annual sums in
  lieu of taxes to the affected taxing jurisdiction, in order that none of
  such taxing jurisdictions shall suffer an inequitable loss of revenue by
  virtue of such open space acquisition. The amount so paid or transferred
  for any year shall not exceed the sum last levied  for  the  benefit  of
  such  taxing jurisdiction as an annual tax on such property prior to the
  time of its acquisition for such purposes. As used in this section,  the
  term  "taxing  jurisdiction" means any municipal corporation or district
  corporation, including any school  district  or  any  special  district,
  having  the power to levy and collect taxes and benefit assessments upon
  real property or in whose behalf such taxes or benefit  assessments  may
  be  levied or collected. That the payments or transfers made pursuant to
  the power and authority granted herein with  respect  to  such  property
  shall  continue notwithstanding that the legislature of the state of New
  York may hereinafter alter, modify or  replace  the  current  method  of
  financing  of  public  education  and  notwithstanding  that  a court of
  competent  jurisdiction  may  hereinafter  order  that  such  method  of
  financing public education be altered, modified or replaced.
2023 New York Laws › TWN - Town › Article 4 - Town Boards › 66 - Place of Trial of Actions and Proceedings Against Towns; Inhabitants Not Incompetent to Act Thereat.

§  66.  Place  of  trial  of  actions  and  proceedings against towns;
  inhabitants not incompetent to act thereat. 1. The place of trial of all
  actions and proceedings against a town or any of its officers or  boards
  shall be the county in which the town is situated.
2.  Upon  the trial of any issue or the prosecution of any proceeding,
  or upon the taking or making of any inquisition, appraisal or award,  or
  upon  the  judicial investigation of any facts whatever, to which issue,
  proceedings, inquest, investigation or award a town is a  party,  or  in
  which  a  town  may  in any way be interested, no person shall be deemed
  incompetent as a judge,  referee,  commissioner,  witness  or  juror  by
  reason of his being an inhabitant, freeholder or taxpayer of the town.
2023 New York Laws › TWN - Town › Article 4 - Town Boards › 67 - Presentation of Claims for Torts: Actions Against Towns.

§ 67. Presentation of claims for torts: actions against towns.  1. Any
  claim  including  a  claim  specified  in  section  sixty-five-a of this
  chapter which may be made against the town  or  town  superintendent  of
  highways  for  damages  for wrong or injury to person or property or for
  the death of a person, shall be  made  and  served  in  compliance  with
  section fifty-e of the general municipal law.
2.  Every  action  upon  such claim shall be commenced pursuant to the
  provisions of section fifty-i of the general municipal law.
3. This section shall not apply to actions upon claims for damages  or
  compensation for property taken by condemnation for any public purpose.
2023 New York Laws › TWN - Town › Article 4 - Town Boards › 68 - Compromise of Actions, Proceedings or Claims.

§  68. Compromise of actions, proceedings or claims. 1. The town board
  of any town may compromise or settle:
a. An action or proceeding against the town, with the approval of  the
  court in which such action or proceeding is pending.
b. Any claim presented pursuant to section sixty-five-a or sixty-seven
  of  this chapter, with the approval of a justice of the supreme court of
  the judicial district in which such town is located.
2. The order of the court or the justice approving such settlement  or
  compromise  may  be  granted  upon  the motion of an officer of the town
  designated by the town board, supported by the affidavit of such officer
  setting forth the cause of action or the claim against the town and also
  such other information which, in his opinion, will enable the  court  or
  the  justice  to  arrive  at  a  determination  that  such compromise or
  settlement is just, reasonable and to the interest  of  the  town.  Such
  officer  may  also present the affidavits of other persons in support of
  his motion. The court or the justice, in  order  to  arrive  at  such  a
  determination,   may   require   such   officer  to  present  additional
  information by a supplemental affidavit or  affidavits  or  may  require
  other persons to present additional information by their affidavits.
3.  Upon  obtaining the approval of the court or the justice, the town
  board may pay the amount of such compromise or settlement from funds  or
  sources  authorized  pursuant  to  section  one  hundred  twelve of this
  chapter.
4. Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this section, the  town
  board  of  any  town  may compromise or settle any action, proceeding or
  claim against the town upon such terms as said board shall determine are
  just, reasonable and to the interest of the town.
2023 New York Laws › TWN - Town › Article 4 - Town Boards › 69 - Duties of Town Board With Respect to Justice Courts.

§  69.  Duties of town board with respect to justice courts. Each town
  board shall provide  for  each  justice  of  the  peace  such  statutes,
  manuals,  books,  forms  and supplies as may be necessary for the proper
  administration of his office. The expenses incurred  in  complying  with
  the  foregoing  provisions  shall be a town charge within the meaning of
  this chapter.
2023 New York Laws › TWN - Town › Article 5 - Alteration of Boundaries › 74 - Effective Date of Alteration or Division.

*  §  74.  Effective  date of alteration or division. 1. When only the
  boundary lines  are  altered  between  two  towns,  the  same  shall  be
  effective  on  the  first  of  July  next succeeding the adoption of the
  proposition. The town board of the respective towns shall prior  thereto
  make  all  necessary alterations in the election districts in such town.
  The term of any town officer shall not be  abridged  by  reason  of  any
  alteration in town lines.
2.  When  a  town is divided into two or more towns, the same shall be
  effective for the purposes of exercise of governmental functions on  the
  first day of January next succeeding the first biennial town election at
  which  town  officers  for the new towns may be elected. All officers of
  the town in office on such  first  day  of  January  shall  continue  in
  office,  unless  a  vacancy occurs, until the expiration of the term for
  which elected or appointed. The town board shall prior to such effective
  date, make  all  necessary  alterations  or  creation  of  new  election
  districts as provided in the election law.
*  NB  This  section  partially  repealed  by  chapter  73/64. Certain
  provisions were retained by opinion of the Atty. Gen. (Inf.)  October 1,
  1981;(Inf.) 195/1975; and (Inf.) 143/1977.
2023 New York Laws › TWN - Town › Article 5 - Alteration of Boundaries › 75 - Disposition of Town Property on Alteration of Boundaries.

§  75. Disposition of town property on alteration of boundaries.  When
  the boundaries of a town owning  real  or  personal  property  shall  be
  altered, either by a division of a town into two or more towns or by the
  annexation of a part of its territory to another town or towns, the town
  boards  of  the several towns affected by such alterations shall meet as
  soon as may be after the first biennial town elections subsequently held
  in such towns, and shall make such agreement concerning the  disposition
  to  be made of such real and personal property, and the apportionment of
  the proceeds, as they shall deem equitable and take  all  measures,  and
  execute  all  conveyances necessary to carry such agreement into effect.
  If no such agreement shall be made within six  months  after  such  town
  elections, the town board of each town in which any portion of such real
  property, or in whose possession any of such personal property shall be,
  shall, as soon as may be, sell and convey such part of the real property
  as  shall  be  included  within  the limits of the town as fixed by such
  alteration, and  such  of  the  personal  property  as  may  be  in  its
  possession;  and the proceeds arising from the sale shall be apportioned
  between the several towns interested therein, by the town boards of  all
  the  towns,  according to the amount of the taxable property of the town
  divided or altered, as the same existed immediately before such division
  or alteration, to be ascertained by the  last  assessment-roll  of  such
  town. No town cemetery or burialground shall be sold or divided, but the
  same  shall  belong  to the town within which it may be situated after a
  division of the town shall  have  been  made,  and  no  lots  heretofore
  granted  by  the people of this state to any town for the support of the
  gospel and of schools, commonly called the gospel and school lots, shall
  be so sold or apportioned.
2023 New York Laws › TWN - Town › Article 5 - Alteration of Boundaries › 76 - Apportionment of Debts on Division of Towns.

§  76.  Apportionment  of  debts on division of towns. Debts owed by a
  town so divided or altered shall be apportioned in the  same  manner  as
  the personal property of a town, and each town shall be charged with its
  share  of  the  debts, according to the apportionment, and the amount of
  the unpaid taxes levied and assessed upon the taxable  property  of  the
  town,  divided  or  altered,  before the division or alteration thereof,
  shall be apportioned  between  the  several  towns  interested  therein,
  according  to  the  amount  of taxable property in each town as the same
  existed before such division or alteration, to  be  ascertained  by  the
  last  assessment-roll  of the town. In making such division, there shall
  be set off to each town interested the unpaid taxes assessed and  levied
  upon  the real property within its borders and such as were assessed and
  levied upon  personal  property  against  persons  or  corporations  who
  resided within its borders at the time of the assessment; and each town,
  to  which the same are apportioned, shall have the same power, right and
  methods of collecting the same by warrant, action, sale or otherwise, as
  the town so divided or altered had, or would have had if such  town  had
  not  been so divided or altered.  Any such town having apportioned to it
  more than its proportion of unpaid taxes,  according  to  the  aforesaid
  taxable  property, to be ascertained by the last assessment-roll of such
  town, shall pay to the other town or towns interested, such sum or  sums
  as  shall  be  necessary  to make such apportionment correspond with the
  said taxable property, as ascertained by the said  last  assessment-roll
  of said town, before the said division or alteration.
2023 New York Laws › TWN - Town › Article 5 - Alteration of Boundaries › 77 - Meetings of Town Boards on Alteration of Boundaries.

§  77. Meetings of town boards on alteration of boundaries. Whenever a
  meeting of the town boards of two or more towns shall  be  required,  in
  order  to carry into effect the provisions of this article, such meeting
  may be called by either of the supervisors of such towns, by  giving  at
  least  three  days' written notice to all the other members of such town
  boards of the time and place of such meeting.
2023 New York Laws › TWN - Town › Article 5 - Alteration of Boundaries › 78 - Right of Action Upon Failure of Towns Whose Boundaries Are Altered to Agree Upon Disposition of Assets and Debts.

§  78.  Right  of  action  upon  failure of towns whose boundaries are
  altered to agree upon disposition of assets  and  debts.  Whenever  said
  town  boards  shall  fail  to  carry  into effect the provisions of this
  article and agree upon the amount  of  assets  to  which  each  town  is
  entitled,  and  the amount of indebtedness for which each town is liable
  and complete the full settlement thereof, within eighteen  months  after
  the  division  or  alteration  mentioned in section seventy-five of this
  article, any of such towns may begin and maintain an action against  the
  other town or towns to make and enforce such settlement.
2023 New York Laws › TWN - Town › Article 6 - Town Elections › 80 - Biennial Town Elections.

* §  80. Biennial town elections. Except as otherwise provided in this
  chapter, a biennial town election for the election of town officers  and
  for  the  consideration of such questions as may be proposed by the town
  board or the duly qualified electors, pursuant to the provisions of this
  chapter, shall be held on the Tuesday next succeeding the  first  Monday
  in  November  of  every  odd-numbered year. All other town elections are
  special elections.  A  town  election  or  special  town  election  held
  pursuant to this chapter, shall be construed as a substitute, for a town
  meeting or a special town meeting heretofore provided to be held by law,
  and  a  reference  in  any law to a town meeting or special town meeting
  shall be construed as referring to  a  town  election  or  special  town
  election.
* NB Effective until January 1, 2025
* §  80. Biennial town elections. Notwithstanding any provision of any
  general, special or local law,  charter,  code,  ordinance,  resolution,
  rule  or  regulation  to  the contrary, a biennial town election for the
  election of town officers, other than town justices or any  town  office
  with a three-year term prior to January first, two thousand twenty-five,
  and  for  the  consideration of such questions as may be proposed by the
  town board or the duly qualified electors, pursuant to the provisions of
  this chapter, shall be held on the Tuesday  next  succeeding  the  first
  Monday in November of every even-numbered year. All other town elections
  are  special  elections.  A  town election or special town election held
  pursuant to this chapter, shall be construed as a substitute, for a town
  meeting or a special town meeting heretofore provided to be held by law,
  and a reference in any law to a town meeting  or  special  town  meeting
  shall  be  construed  as  referring  to  a town election or special town
  election. Any town completely coterminous with a village shall  continue
  to elect its officers, including town justices, in odd-numbered years if
  both  such  village and town last held such elections in an odd-numbered
  year prior to January first, two thousand twenty-five.
* NB Effective January 1, 2025
2023 New York Laws › TWN - Town › Article 6 - Town Elections › 82 - Notice of Submission of Proposition; Hours of Voting.

§  82.  Notice of submission of proposition; hours of voting. The town
  board shall adopt a resolution at least twenty days before every special
  town election designating the hours of opening and closing the polls and
  the place or places of holding the election, and setting forth  in  full
  all  propositions  to  be  voted upon. If the town board shall designate
  more than one voting place, the resolution and  the  notice  hereinafter
  provided  for  shall  specify the place at which the qualified voters of
  each election district shall vote. The polls shall remain  open  for  at
  least  six  consecutive  hours between eight o'clock in the forenoon and
  eight o'clock in the evening. The voting upon a proposition shall be  by
  ballot  and  each  proposition  submitted shall be separately stated and
  numbered thereon. The town clerk shall give notice of such special  town
  election  at the expense of the town by the publication of a notice in a
  newspaper published in said town, if there be any, or, if there be none,
  in a newspaper published in the county having general circulation in the
  town, specifying the time when and place or places where  such  election
  will  be held, the hours during which the polls will remain open for the
  purpose of receiving ballots, and setting forth in full all propositions
  to be voted upon. The first publication of such notice shall be at least
  ten days prior to the time of such special election.  In  addition,  the
  town clerk shall post or cause to be posted a copy of such notice on the
  sign-board of the town maintained pursuant to subdivision six of section
  thirty  of this chapter at least ten days prior to such election. In the
  event that any such questions or propositions shall be  submitted  at  a
  biennial  town  election, notice that the same will be submitted setting
  them forth in full shall be published and posted  in  the  manner  above
  provided for special town elections.
2023 New York Laws › TWN - Town › Article 6 - Town Elections › 83 - Conduct of Town Elections.

§  83. Conduct of town elections. The town board shall select from the
  list of election inspectors and ballot clerks previously designated  for
  general  election purposes, pursuant to the election law, persons to act
  as election inspectors and ballot clerks for each voting place at  which
  a  special  town  election shall be held. Election inspectors and ballot
  clerks for biennial town elections shall be those appointed as  provided
  by  the  election  law,  and  both  special  town elections and biennial
  elections shall be conducted,  the  votes  canvassed,  and  the  results
  certified and returned so far as practicable in the manner prescribed by
  such  law.  Upon  the  closing  of  the polls at any election at which a
  proposition or propositions shall be voted upon, the election inspectors
  shall proceed to canvass the  votes  thereat  and  shall  complete  such
  canvass  without  adjournment.  As soon as possible after completion the
  inspectors shall file with the town clerk a  certificate  setting  forth
  the  holding  of  the election, the total number of votes cast upon each
  proposition,  and  the  number  of  votes  cast  for  and  against  each
  proposition,  together  with the name and address of every person voting
  at such election upon such proposition or propositions.
2023 New York Laws › TWN - Town › Article 6 - Town Elections › 85 - Ward System for Election of Council Members.

§  85.  Ward  system  for  election  of council members. 1. Whenever a
  proposition shall have been adopted in a town of the first class for the
  establishment of the ward system and  the  election  thereafter  of  one
  council  member  from each ward, the board of elections of the county in
  which such town is situate shall divide the town into four wards and fix
  the boundaries thereof, unless a proposition shall have been adopted  to
  increase  the  number  of  council  members  from  four to six, in which
  instance, the board of elections shall divide the town  into  six  wards
  and  fix  the boundaries thereof. In so dividing the town into wards, no
  town election  district  shall  be  divided  and  no  election  district
  thereafter  created under the election law shall contain parts of two or
  more wards. So far as possible the division shall be so  made  that  the
  number  of  voters  in  each ward shall be approximately equal. When the
  board of elections shall have finally determined the boundaries  of  the
  wards,  they  shall  cause  a  map of the town to be prepared showing in
  detail the location  of  each  ward  and  the  boundaries  thereof.  The
  original  map so made shall be filed in the office of the town clerk and
  copies thereof shall be filed in the offices of the county clerk and the
  board of elections of the  county.  The  ward  system  shall  be  deemed
  established  after  such  filing  is complete. After a ward system shall
  have been so established, the term  of  office  of  every  town  council
  member  shall  terminate  on  the  thirty-first  day  of  December  next
  succeeding the first biennial town  election  held  not  less  than  one
  hundred  twenty days after the establishment of such ward system, and at
  such  biennial  town  election,  and  every   biennial   town   election
  thereafter,  one  resident  elector  of  each  ward  shall be elected as
  council member therefrom for a term of two years beginning on the  first
  day of January next succeeding such election.
2. The ward system may be abolished upon the adoption of a proposition
  therefor at any special or biennial town election. At the first biennial
  town  election  held at least one hundred twenty days after the adoption
  of a proposition to abolish the ward  system  for  election  of  council
  members,  the  electors  of  the  town shall elect one-half of the total
  number of town council members for  the  term  of  two  years  each  and
  one-half  of  the  total  number of town council members for the term of
  four years each. At each biennial town election  held  thereafter  there
  shall  be  elected  one-half of the total number of town council members
  for the term of four years each. The terms of all such  council  members
  shall  begin  on  the  first  day of January next succeeding the date of
  their election.
2023 New York Laws › TWN - Town › Article 6 - Town Elections › 86 - Town Elections in the County of Broome.

§  86. Town elections in the county of Broome. Biennial town elections
  in the several towns of the county of Broome, for the election  of  town
  officers  and for the consideration of such questions as may be proposed
  by the town board or  the  duly  qualified  electors,  pursuant  to  the
  provisions of this chapter, shall be held on the Tuesday next succeeding
  the  first  Monday  in  November of every even-numbered year.  All other
  town elections in towns of such  county  are  special  elections.    All
  elective  town  officers of the several towns in the county in office at
  the time this section takes effect, shall continue  in  office  for  the
  terms for which elected and until their successors have been elected and
  have  qualified.  The  town  officers to be elected at any such election
  shall be those and only those elective town officers of a  town  of  the
  second class, unless such town shall have determined to become a town of
  the  first  class, pursuant to the provisions of this chapter, and shall
  be elected for terms prescribed by this chapter.
2023 New York Laws › TWN - Town › Article 6 - Town Elections › 87 - Increase or Decrease of Number of Council Members.

§ 87. Increase or decrease of number of council members. 1. Whenever a
  proposition  shall  have been adopted in a town of the first class which
  shall not have established the ward system, to increase  the  number  of
  council  members  from  four  to six, party nominations for town council
  members may be made  and  designating  petitions  filed  and  four  town
  council  members  shall  be  elected at the first biennial town election
  held at least one hundred fifty days thereafter, three  for  a  term  of
  four  years  each and one for a term of two years and thereafter at each
  biennial town election in such town there shall be  elected  three  town
  council  members  for the term of four years each, in the same manner as
  other elective town officers in such town. The term of  office  of  each
  such  council  member  shall  begin  on  the  first  day of January next
  succeeding the election at which they were elected.
2. Whenever a proposition shall have been adopted in  a  town  of  the
  first  class  which  shall  not  have  established  the  ward system, to
  increase  the  number  of  council  members  from  two  to  four,  party
  nominations  for  town  council  members  may  be  made  and designating
  petitions filed and three town council members shall be elected  at  the
  first  biennial  town  election  held  at  least  one hundred fifty days
  thereafter, two for terms of four years each and one for a term  of  two
  years, and thereafter at each biennial town election in such town, there
  shall  be elected two town council members for terms of four years each,
  in the same manner as other elective town officers  in  such  town.  The
  term of office of each such town council member shall begin on the first
  day of January next succeeding the election at which they were elected.
3.  Whenever  a  proposition  shall have been adopted in a town of the
  first class to reduce the number of council members from four to two, no
  town council members  shall  be  elected  at  the  first  biennial  town
  election held at least one hundred fifty days after the adoption of such
  proposition.  Party nominations for town council members may be made and
  designating petitions filed  and  two  town  council  members  shall  be
  elected  at the biennial town election next succeeding the biennial town
  election at which no town council members are elected, one for a term of
  two years and one for a term  of  four  years  and  thereafter  at  each
  biennial  town  election  in  such  town there shall be elected one town
  council member for a term of four years, in the  same  manner  as  other
  elective  town  officers  in  such town. The term of office of each such
  council member shall begin on the first day of January  next  succeeding
  the election at which they were elected.