reglab/statecodes huggingface dataset:
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 4-A - Trust Indentures and Interests Therein › 130-E - Removal of Trustees, Committees or Depositaries.

§  130-e.  Removal of trustees, committees or depositaries. A trustee,
  committee or any member thereof and a depositary may be removed  by  the
  court  for  cause  shown upon the application of any person aggrieved by
  the act or omission  to  act  of  such  trustee,  committee,  member  or
  depositary  after  such notice and opportunity to be heard in his or its
  defense as the court shall direct.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 4-A - Trust Indentures and Interests Therein › 130-F - Actions for Accounting by Minority Groups; Expenses Thereof.

§  130-f. Actions for accounting by minority groups; expenses thereof.
  In any special proceeding or action brought  by  or  on  behalf  of  any
  minority  bondholder  or group of minority bondholders, or any person or
  group of persons not holding at least fifty-one per centum of the  stock
  or  bonds  of  the mortgage issue, but claiming an interest in the trust
  property,  for  a  judicial  accounting,  the  court   may   take   into
  consideration the information as to income and disbursements theretofore
  furnished to bondholders, the merits and good faith of the proceeding or
  action,  and whether the accounting will be of value to the bondholders,
  as well as the cost of such accounting, and the court may  require  that
  the  petitioner  or plaintiff furnish a surety company bond to indemnify
  the estate against the expenses of the accounting, including fees of the
  referee to take the accounting, stenographic fees, and the  expenses  of
  the  trustee,  and  may  direct  that,  if  it  should  appear  that the
  accounting result in any practical benefit to all the  bondholders,  the
  court should then, in its discretion, release the indemnity, and that if
  no  such  benefit  accrue,  the petitioner or plaintiff and his attorney
  should receive no compensation, and the trust fund should be  reimbursed
  for the expenses saddled upon it by reason thereof.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 4-A - Trust Indentures and Interests Therein › 130-G - Violations and Penalties.

§  130-g.  Violations  and  penalties.  The  wilful  violation  of any
  provision of this article, except section  one  hundred  and  twenty-six
  unless  elsewhere  otherwise defined, shall constitute a misdemeanor and
  shall be punishable, unless elsewhere otherwise prescribed by a fine  of
  not  exceeding one thousand dollars or by imprisonment for not exceeding
  one year or by both such fine and imprisonment.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 4-A - Trust Indentures and Interests Therein › 130-H - Construction of Article.

§  130-h.  Construction  of  article.  This article shall be construed
  liberally to effectuate its purpose.  The enumeration by this article of
  specific powers and duties in trust  indentures  and  other  instruments
  shall  not  preclude  or  prevent  the  use,  exercise  or  enjoyment of
  additional powers and duties under or pursuant to  such  instruments  or
  excuse  the  failure to exercise or perform such other powers or duties.
  Nothing contained in this article shall be construed to repeal any other
  provision of law except in so far as it is  irreconcilably  in  conflict
  with  a  provision  of  this  article  in  which  event the latter shall
  control.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 4-A - Trust Indentures and Interests Therein › 130-I - Separability.

§ 130-i. Separability. If any of the provisions of this article or the
  application  thereof to any person or circumstance be held invalid, such
  invalidity shall not affect or impair other provisions  or  applications
  to  other  circumstances  which  can be given effect without the invalid
  provision or application, and to this end the provisions of this article
  are declared to be separable.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 4-A - Trust Indentures and Interests Therein › 130-J - Right to Appeal.

§  130-j.  Right  to appeal. Any person aggrieved by any determination
  hereunder shall have such right of appeal as is granted to a party to  a
  special  proceeding.    All  proceedings  and appeals hereunder shall be
  entitled to such preference  as  is  granted  in  respect  to  plans  of
  reorganization   under   the  provisions  of  section  one  hundred  and
  twenty-two of this chapter.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 6 - Dower and Curtesy › 189 - Estate of Curtesy Abolished.

§  189.  Estate  of  curtesy  abolished.  The common law estate by the
  curtesy in the real property of a wife dying after the thirty-first  day
  of  August,  nineteen  hundred  and  thirty,  and all its incidents, are
  hereby abolished.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 6 - Dower and Curtesy › 190 - Dower.

§  190. Dower. When the parties intermarried prior to the first day of
  September, nineteen hundred and thirty, a widow shall be endowed of  the
  third  part  of all the lands whereof her husband was prior to the first
  day of September, nineteen hundred and thirty, seized of  an  estate  of
  inheritance,  at  any  time  during the marriage. Except as hereinbefore
  provided, after the thirty-first day of  August,  nineteen  hundred  and
  thirty,  no  inchoate right of dower shall be possessed by a wife during
  coverture, and no widow shall be  endowed,  in  any  lands  whereof  her
  husband became seized of an estate of inheritance.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 6 - Dower and Curtesy › 190-B - Lands Reacquired by the Husband.

§  190-b.  Lands reacquired by the husband. Lands in which the husband
  did not have an estate  of  inheritance  on  September  first,  nineteen
  hundred  thirty,  and  in  which  the wife did not then have an inchoate
  right of dower, shall not be subject to dower or an  inchoate  right  of
  dower if acquired by the husband after said date, although they had been
  owned by the husband prior to said date.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 6 - Dower and Curtesy › 191 - Dower in Lands Exchanged.

§  191.  Dower in lands exchanged. If a husband seized of an estate of
  inheritance in lands, exchanges them for other lands,  his  widow  shall
  not have dower of both, but she must make her election, to be endowed of
  the  lands given, or of those taken, in exchange; and if her election be
  not evinced by the commencement of an action to recover her dower of the
  lands given in exchange, within one year after the death of her husband,
  she is deemed to have elected to take her dower of the lands received in
  exchange.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 6 - Dower and Curtesy › 192 - Dower in Lands Mortgaged Before Marriage.

§ 192. Dower in lands mortgaged before marriage. Where a person seized
  of  an  estate  of  inheritance  in  lands, executes a mortgage thereof,
  before marriage, his widow is, nevertheless, entitled to  dower  of  the
  lands  mortgaged, as against every person except the mortgagee and those
  claiming under him.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 6 - Dower and Curtesy › 193 - Dower in Lands Mortgaged for Purchase-Money.

§  193.  Dower  in lands mortgaged for purchase-money. Where a husband
  purchases lands during the marriage, and at the same time mortgages  his
  estate  in  those lands to secure the payment of the purchase-money, his
  widow is not entitled to dower of those lands, as against the  mortgagee
  or those claiming under him, although she did not unite in the mortgage.
  She is entitled to her dower as against every other person.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 6 - Dower and Curtesy › 194 - Surplus Proceeds of Sale Under Purchase-Money Mortgages.

§  194.  Surplus  proceeds  of  sale  under  purchase-money mortgages.
  Where, in a case specified in the last  section,  the  mortgagee,  or  a
  person  claiming  under him, causes the land mortgaged to be sold, after
  the death of the husband, either under a power of sale contained in  the
  mortgage,  or  by  virtue  of  a  judgment in an action to foreclose the
  mortgage, and any surplus remains, after payment of the money due on the
  mortgage  and  the  costs  and  charges  of  the  sale,  the  widow   is
  nevertheless entitled to the interest or income of one-third part of the
  surplus for her life, as her dower.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 6 - Dower and Curtesy › 196-A - When Dower Barred by Dissolution of Marriage.

§  196-a.  When  dower barred by dissolution of marriage. In case of a
  dissolution of the marriage because of the absence of the wife for  five
  successive  years,  as  provided  in  section  seven-a  of  the domestic
  relations law, she shall not be endowed.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 6 - Dower and Curtesy › 197 - When Dower Barred by Jointure.

§ 197. When dower barred by jointure. Where an estate in real property
  is  conveyed  to a person and his intended wife, or to the intended wife
  alone, or to a person in trust for them or for the intended wife  alone,
  for the purpose of creating a jointure for her, and with her assent, the
  jointure  bars  her  right  or  claim  of  dower in all the lands of the
  husband. The assent of the wife to such a jointure is evidenced, if  she
  be of full age, by her becoming a party to the conveyance by which it is
  settled;  if  she be a minor, by her joining with her father or guardian
  in that conveyance.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 6 - Dower and Curtesy › 198 - When Dower Barred by Pecuniary Provisions.

§  198.  When  dower  barred  by  pecuniary  provisions. Any pecuniary
  provision, made for the benefit of an  intended  wife  and  in  lieu  of
  dower, if assented to by her as prescribed in the last section, bars her
  right or claim of dower in all the lands of her husband.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 6 - Dower and Curtesy › 199 - When Widow to Elect Between Jointure and Dower.

§  199. When widow to elect between jointure and dower. If, before the
  marriage, but without her  assent,  or,  if  after  the  marriage,  real
  property  is given or assured for the jointure of a wife, or a pecuniary
  provision is made for her, in lieu of dower, she must make her  election
  whether she will take the jointure or pecuniary provision, or be endowed
  of the lands of her husband; but she is not entitled to both.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 6 - Dower and Curtesy › 200 - Election Between Devise and Dower.

§  200. Election between devise and dower. If real property is devised
  to a woman, or a pecuniary or other provision is made for her by will in
  lieu of her dower, she must make her election whether she will take  the
  property  so  devised,  or  the provisions so made, or be endowed of the
  lands of her husband; but she is not entitled to both.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 6 - Dower and Curtesy › 201 - When Deemed to Have Elected.

§  201.  When  deemed to have elected. Where a woman is entitled to an
  election, as prescribed in either of  the  last  two  sections,  she  is
  deemed  to  have  elected  to  take  the  jointure,  devise or pecuniary
  provision, unless within six months after the death of her  husband  she
  enters  upon  the  lands  assigned to her for her dower, or commences an
  action for her dower. But, during such period of six  months  after  the
  death  of  her  said  husband,  her  time  to  make such election may be
  enlarged by the order of any court competent to pass on the accounts  of
  executors,  administrators  or  testamentary  trustees,  or to admeasure
  dower, on an affidavit showing the pendency of a proceeding  to  contest
  the  probate  of  the will containing such jointure, devise or pecuniary
  provision, or of an action to construe or set aside such will,  or  that
  the  amount  of  claims  against  the  estate of the testator can not be
  ascertained within the period so limited, or other reasonable cause, and
  on notice given to such persons, and in such manner, as such  court  may
  direct. Such order shall be indexed and recorded in the same manner as a
  notice  of  pendency of action in the office of the clerk of each county
  wherein the real property or  a  portion  thereof  affected  thereby  is
  situated.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 6 - Dower and Curtesy › 202 - When Provision in Lieu of Dower Is Forfeited.

§  202.  When provision in lieu of dower is forfeited. Every jointure,
  devise and pecuniary provision in lieu of  dower  is  forfeited  by  the
  woman  for whose benefit it is made in a case in which she would forfeit
  her dower; and on such forfeiture, an estate so conveyed  for  jointure,
  or  devised,  or a pecuniary provision so made, immediately vests in the
  person or legal representatives of the person in whom  they  would  have
  vested on the determination of her interest therein, by her death.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 6 - Dower and Curtesy › 203 - Effect of Acts of Husband.

§ 203. Effect of acts of husband. An act, deed or conveyance, executed
  or performed by the husband without the assent of his wife, evidenced by
  her  acknowledgment  thereof,  in the manner required by law to pass the
  contingent right of dower of a married woman, or a  judgment  or  decree
  confessed by or recovered against him, or any laches, default, covin, or
  crime  of  a  husband,  does  not prejudice the right of his wife to her
  dower or jointure, or preclude her from the recovery thereof.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 6 - Dower and Curtesy › 204 - Widow's Quarantine.

§  204.  Widow's  quarantine. A widow may remain in the chief house of
  her husband forty days after his death,  whether  her  dower  is  sooner
  assigned  to  her or not, without being liable to any rent for the same;
  and in the meantime she may have her reasonable sustenance  out  of  the
  estate of her husband.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 6 - Dower and Curtesy › 206 - Divorced Woman May Release Dower.

§  206. Divorced woman may release dower. A woman who is divorced from
  her husband, whether such divorce be absolute or limited, or granted  in
  his or her favor, by any court of competent jurisdiction, may release to
  him,  by  an  instrument  in  writing,  sufficient to pass title to real
  estate, her inchoate right  of  dower  in  any  specific  real  property
  theretofore  owned  by  him, or generally in all such real property, and
  such as he shall thereafter acquire.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 6-A - Good Cause Eviction Law › 215 - Necessity for Good Cause.

* §  215.  Necessity  for  good cause. No landlord shall, by action to
  evict or to recover possession, by exclusion from possession, by failure
  to renew any  lease,  or  otherwise,  remove  any  tenant  from  housing
  accommodations  covered  by section two hundred fourteen of this article
  except for good cause as defined in section two hundred sixteen of  this
  article.
* NB Repealed June 15, 2034
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 6-A - Good Cause Eviction Law › 217 - Preservation of Existing Requirements of Law.

* § 217. Preservation of existing requirements of law. No action shall
  be  maintainable  and  no  judgment  of  possession shall be entered for
  housing accommodations pursuant to section two hundred sixteen  of  this
  article,  unless  the  landlord has complied with any and all applicable
  laws governing such action or proceeding and has complied with  any  and
  all  applicable  laws  governing  notice  to  tenants, including without
  limitation the manner and the time of service of  such  notice  and  the
  contents of such notice.
* NB Repealed June 15, 2034
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 6-A - Good Cause Eviction Law › 218 - Waiver of Rights Void.

* §  218.  Waiver of rights void. Any agreement by a tenant heretofore
  or hereinafter entered into in a written lease or other rental agreement
  waiving or modifying their rights as set forth in this article shall  be
  void as contrary to public policy.
* NB Repealed June 15, 2034
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 7 - Landlord and Tenant › 220 - Action for Use and Occupation.

§  220.  Action  for  use  and  occupation. The landlord may recover a
  reasonable compensation for the use and occupation of real property,  by
  any  person,  under an agreement, not made by deed; and a parol lease or
  other agreement may be used as evidence of the amount  to  which  he  is
  entitled.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 7 - Landlord and Tenant › 221 - Rent Due on Life Leases Recoverable.

§  221.  Rent  due on life leases recoverable. Rent due on a lease for
  life or lives is recoverable by action, as  well  after  as  before  the
  death  of  the  person  on  whose life the rent depends, and in the same
  manner as rent due on a lease for years.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 7 - Landlord and Tenant › 222 - When Rent Is Apportionable.

§  222. When rent is apportionable. Where a tenant for life, who shall
  have demised the real property, dies  before  the  first  rent  day,  or
  between  two  rent  days,  his executor or administrator may recover the
  proportion of rent which accrued to him before his death.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 7 - Landlord and Tenant › 223 - Rights Where Property or Lease Is Transferred.

§  223.  Rights where property or lease is transferred. The grantee of
  leased real property, or of a reversion thereof, or  of  any  rent,  the
  devisee  or  assignee  of  the  lessor  of  such a lease, or the heir or
  personal representative of either of them, has  the  same  remedies,  by
  entry,  action  or  otherwise,  for  the nonperformance of any agreement
  contained in the assigned lease for the recovery of rent, for the  doing
  of  any waste, or for other cause of forfeiture as his grantor or lessor
  had, or would have had, if the reversion had remained in him.  A  lessee
  of  real property, his assignee or personal representative, has the same
  remedy  against  the  lessor,  his   grantee   or   assignee,   or   the
  representative  of  either,  for the breach of an agreement contained in
  the lease, that the lessee might have had against his immediate  lessor,
  except  a  covenant  against  incumbrances  or  relating to the title or
  possession of the premises leased. This section applies  as  well  to  a
  grant  or  lease  in  fee, reserving rent, as to a lease for life or for
  years; but not to a deed of conveyance in fee, made before the ninth day
  of April, eighteen hundred and five, or  after  the  fourteenth  day  of
  April, eighteen hundred and sixty.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 7 - Landlord and Tenant › 223-A - Remedies of Lessee When Possession Is Not Delivered.

§  223-a. Remedies of lessee when possession is not delivered.  In the
  absence of an express provision to the contrary, there shall be  implied
  in every lease of real property a condition that the lessor will deliver
  possession  at the beginning of the term. In the event of breach of such
  implied condition the lessee shall have the right to rescind  the  lease
  and  to  recover  the consideration paid. Such right shall not be deemed
  inconsistent with any right of action he may have to recover damages.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 7 - Landlord and Tenant › 224 - Attornment by Tenant.

§  224. Attornment by tenant. The attornment of a tenant to a stranger
  is absolutely void and does not in any way affect the possession of  the
  landlord unless made either:
1. With the consent of the landlord; or,
2.  Pursuant to or in consequence of a judgment, order, or decree of a
  court of competent jurisdiction; or
3. To a purchaser at foreclosure sale.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 7 - Landlord and Tenant › 225 - Notice of Action Adverse to Possession of Tenant.

§  225.  Notice  of  action  adverse  to possession of tenant. Where a
  process or summons in an action to recover the real property occupied by
  him, or the possession  thereof,  is  served  upon  a  tenant,  he  must
  forthwith give notice thereof to his landlord; otherwise he forfeits the
  value  of  three  years' rent of such property, to the landlord or other
  person of whom he holds.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 7 - Landlord and Tenant › 226 - Effect of Renewal on Sub-Lease.

§ 226. Effect of renewal on sub-lease. The surrender of an under-lease
  is not requisite to the validity of the surrender of the original lease,
  where  a  new lease is given by the chief landlord. Such a surrender and
  renewal do not impair any right or interest of the chief  landlord,  his
  lessee  or  the  holder  of  an  under-lease,  under the original lease;
  including the chief landlord's remedy by entry, for the rent  or  duties
  secured  by the new lease, not exceeding the rent and duties reserved in
  the original lease surrendered.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 7 - Landlord and Tenant › 226-A - Effect of New Lease on Tenant's Right to Remove Fixtures or Improvements.

§  226-a.  Effect of new lease on tenant's right to remove fixtures or
  improvements. Unless otherwise expressly agreed, where a  tenant  has  a
  right  to  remove fixtures or improvements, such right shall not be lost
  or impaired by reason of his acceptance of  a  new  lease  of  the  same
  premises without any surrender of possession between terms.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 7 - Landlord and Tenant › 227 - When Tenant May Surrender Premises.

§  227. When tenant may surrender premises.  Where any building, which
  is leased or occupied, is destroyed or so injured by  the  elements,  or
  any  other  cause as to be untenantable, and unfit for occupancy, and no
  express agreement to the contrary has been made in writing,  the  lessee
  or  occupant  may,  if the destruction or injury occurred without his or
  her fault or neglect, quit and surrender  possession  of  the  leasehold
  premises,  and  of  the land so leased or occupied; and he or she is not
  liable to pay to the lessor or owner, rent for the  time  subsequent  to
  the surrender. Any rent paid in advance or which may have accrued by the
  terms  of  a  lease or any other hiring shall be adjusted to the date of
  such surrender.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 7 - Landlord and Tenant › 227-E - Landlord Duty to Mitigate Damages.

§  227-e.  Landlord  duty  to mitigate damages. In any lease or rental
  agreement, excluding  any  real  estate  purchase  contract  defined  in
  paragraphs  (a), (c) and (d) of subdivision four of section four hundred
  sixty-one of this  chapter,  covering  premises  occupied  for  dwelling
  purposes,  if  a  tenant vacates a premises in violation of the terms of
  the lease, the landlord shall,  in  good  faith  and  according  to  the
  landlord's  resources  and  abilities,  take  reasonable  and  customary
  actions to rent the premises at fair market value or at the rate  agreed
  to  during  the term of the tenancy, whichever is lower. If the landlord
  rents the premises at fair market value or at the rate agreed to  during
  the  term  of the tenancy, the new tenant's lease shall, once in effect,
  terminate the previous tenant's lease  and  mitigate  damages  otherwise
  recoverable  against  the  previous  tenant  because  of  such  tenant's
  vacating the premises. The burden of proof shall be on the party seeking
  to recover damages. Any provision in a lease that exempts  a  landlord's
  duty to mitigate damages under this section shall be void as contrary to
  public policy.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 7 - Landlord and Tenant › 227-F - Denial on the Basis of Involvement in Prior Disputes Prohibited.

§  227-f.  Denial  on  the  basis  of  involvement  in  prior disputes
  prohibited. 1. No landlord of a residential  premises  shall  refuse  to
  rent  or  offer  a  lease  to  a  potential tenant on the basis that the
  potential tenant was involved  in  a  past  or  pending  landlord-tenant
  action  or  summary  proceeding under article seven of the real property
  actions and proceedings law. There shall  be  a  rebuttable  presumption
  that  a person is in violation of this section if it is established that
  the person requested information from a tenant screening bureau relating
  to a potential tenant or otherwise inspected court records relating to a
  potential tenant and the person subsequently refuses to rent or offer  a
  lease to the potential tenant.
2.   Whenever   the  attorney  general  shall  believe  from  evidence
  satisfactory to him  or  her  that  any  person,  firm,  corporation  or
  association or agent or employee thereof has violated subdivision one of
  this section, he or she may bring an action or special proceeding in the
  supreme court for a judgment enjoining the continuance of such violation
  and  for  a civil penalty of not less than five hundred dollars, but not
  more than one thousand dollars for each violation.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 7 - Landlord and Tenant › 228 - Termination of Tenancies at Will or by Sufferance, by Notice.

§ 228. Termination of tenancies at will or by sufferance, by notice. A
  tenancy  at will or by sufferance, however created, may be terminated by
  a written notice of not less than thirty days given  in  behalf  of  the
  landlord,  to  the  tenant,  requiring  him to remove from the premises;
  which notice must be served, either by delivering to the tenant or to  a
  person of suitable age and discretion, residing upon the premises, or if
  neither the tenant nor such a person can be found, by affixing it upon a
  conspicuous  part of the premises, where it may be conveniently read. At
  the expiration of thirty days after the  service  of  such  notice,  the
  landlord  may  re-enter,  maintain  an  action to recover possession, or
  proceed, in the manner prescribed by law, to remove the tenant,  without
  further or other notice to quit.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 7 - Landlord and Tenant › 229 - Liability of Tenant Holding Over After Giving Notice of Intention to Quit.

§  229.  Liability  of  tenant  holding  over  after  giving notice of
  intention to quit. If a tenant gives notice of his intention to quit the
  premises held by him, and does not accordingly deliver up the possession
  thereof, at the time specified  in  such  notice,  he  or  his  personal
  representatives  must,  so long as he continue in possession, pay to the
  landlord, his  heirs  or  assigns,  double  the  rent  which  he  should
  otherwise  have  paid, to be recovered at the same time, and in the same
  manner, as the single rent.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 7 - Landlord and Tenant › 230 - Right of Tenants to Form, Join or Participate in Tenants' Groups.

§  230.  Right  of  tenants  to  form, join or participate in tenants'
  groups. 1. No landlord shall interfere with the right  of  a  tenant  to
  form,  join  or  participate  in  the  lawful  activities  of any group,
  committee or other organization formed to protect the rights of tenants;
  nor shall any landlord harass, punish, penalize, diminish,  or  withhold
  any  right,  benefit  or  privilege  of  a  tenant under his tenancy for
  exercising such right.
2. Tenants' groups, committees or other tenants'  organizations  shall
  have  the  right  to  meet  without  being  required to pay a fee in any
  location on the premises including a community or social room where  use
  is  normally  subject to a fee which is devoted to the common use of all
  tenants  in  a  peaceful  manner,  at  reasonable  hours   and   without
  obstructing access to the premises or facilities. No landlord shall deny
  such right.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 7 - Landlord and Tenant › 231-A - Sprinkler System Notice in Residential Leases.

§  231-a.  Sprinkler  system  notice  in  residential leases. 1. Every
  residential lease shall provide conspicuous notice in bold face type  as
  to  the  existence  or  non-existence  of  a  maintained  and  operative
  sprinkler system in the leased premises.
2. For purposes of this section, "sprinkler  system"  shall  have  the
  same  meaning  as  defined  in  section  one hundred fifty-five-a of the
  executive law.
3. If there is a maintained and  operative  sprinkler  system  in  the
  leased  premises,  the residential lease agreement shall provide further
  notice as to the last date of maintenance and inspection.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 7 - Landlord and Tenant › 231-B - Flood History and Risk Notice in Residential Leases.

§ 231-b. Flood history and risk notice in residential leases. 1. Every
residential  lease  shall  provide  notice  of the following information
related to the previous flood history and  current  flood  risk  of  the
leased premises, as follows:
(a)  whether  any  or  all of the leased premises is located wholly or
partially in a Federal Emergency Management Agency  ("FEMA")  designated
floodplain;
(b)  whether  any  or  all of the leased premises is located wholly or
partially  in  the  Special  Flood  Hazard   Area   ("SFHA";   "100-year
floodplain")  according  to FEMA's current Flood Insurance Rate Maps for
the leased premises' area;
(c) whether any or all of the leased premises  is  located  wholly  or
partially  in  a Moderate Risk Flood Hazard Area ("500-year floodplain")
according to FEMA's current Flood Insurance Rate  Maps  for  the  leased
premises' area; and
(d)  any  prior  flood  damage to the leased premises due to a natural
flood  event,  such  as  heavy  rainfall,  coastal  storm  surge,  tidal
inundation,  or  river  overflow,  that  the  lessor knows or reasonably
should know has occurred to such premises and the  nature  of  any  such
damage.
2.  Every residential lease shall also contain the following notice to
tenants: "Flood insurance is available to renters  through  the  Federal
Emergency  Management Agency's (FEMA's) National Flood Insurance Program
(NFIP) to cover your personal property and contents in the  event  of  a
flood.  A  standard  renter's  insurance policy does not typically cover
flood damage. You are encouraged to examine  your  policy  to  determine
whether you are covered."
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 7 - Landlord and Tenant › 232 - Duration of Certain Agreements in New York.

§  232.  Duration  of certain agreements in New York. An agreement for
  the occupation of real estate in the city of New York, which  shall  not
  particularly  specify the duration of the occupation, shall be deemed to
  continue until the first  day  of  October  next  after  the  possession
  commences under the agreement.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 7 - Landlord and Tenant › 232-A - Notice to Terminate Monthly Tenancy or Tenancy From Month to Month in the City of New York.

§  232-a. Notice to terminate monthly tenancy or tenancy from month to
  month in the city of New York. No monthly tenant, or tenant  from  month
  to  month, shall hereafter be removed from any lands or buildings in the
  city of New York on the grounds of holding over the tenant's term unless
  pursuant to the notice period required by subdivision two of section two
  hundred twenty-six-c of this article, or for  a  tenancy  other  than  a
  residential  tenancy  at  least thirty days before the expiration of the
  term, the landlord or the landlord's agent serve upon the tenant, in the
  same manner in which a notice of petition in summary proceedings is  now
  allowed  to be served by law, a notice in writing to the effect that the
  landlord elects to terminate the tenancy  and  that  unless  the  tenant
  removes  from  such  premises  on  the day designated in the notice, the
  landlord will commence summary proceedings under the statute  to  remove
  such tenant therefrom.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 7 - Landlord and Tenant › 232-B - Notification to Terminate Monthly Tenancy or Tenancy From Month to Month Outside the City of New York.

§  232-b.  Notification  to  terminate monthly tenancy or tenancy from
  month to month outside the city  of  New  York.  A  monthly  tenancy  or
  tenancy from month to month of any lands or buildings located outside of
  the  city  of  New York may be terminated by the tenant or for a tenancy
  other than a residential tenancy the  landlord,  upon  the  tenant's  or
  non-residential  landlord's  notifying  the  landlord or non-residential
  tenant at least one month before the  expiration  of  the  term  of  the
  tenant's  election to terminate; provided, however, that no notification
  shall be necessary to terminate a tenancy for a definite term.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 7 - Landlord and Tenant › 232-C - Holding Over by a Tenant After Expiration of a Term Longer Than One Month; Effect of Acceptance of Rent.

§  232-c.  Holding  over by a tenant after expiration of a term longer
  than one month; effect of acceptance of rent. Where a tenant whose  term
  is  longer  than one month holds over after the expiration of such term,
  such holding over shall not give to the landlord the option to hold  the
  tenant  for a new term solely by virtue of the tenant's holding over. In
  the case of such a holding over by the tenant, the landlord may proceed,
  in any manner permitted by  law,  to  remove  the  tenant,  or,  if  the
  landlord  shall  accept rent for any period subsequent to the expiration
  of such term, then, unless an agreement either  express  or  implied  is
  made  providing otherwise, the tenancy created by the acceptance of such
  rent shall be a tenancy from month to month commencing on the first  day
  after the expiration of such term.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 7 - Landlord and Tenant › 233-B*2 - Campgrounds.

* § 233-b. Campgrounds. a. Whenever used in this section:
1. "Campground" means any parcel or tract of land, including buildings
or other structures, where five or more campsites are made available for
use  as  temporary  living quarters for recreational, camping, travel or
seasonal use. For  purposes  of  this  section,  campgrounds  shall  not
include land owned by the state of New York.
2.  "Campground  owner" means the owner or operator of a campground or
an agent of such owner or operator.
3. "Guest" means a person who  occupies  a  campsite  pursuant  to  an
agreement with a term of more than one week.
b.  1.  A  campground  owner  may  request any law enforcement officer
remove any guest who willfully denies other guests their right to  quiet
enjoyment  of  the  campground, including, but not limited, to any guest
who:
(a) disturbs, threatens or endangers other guests;
(b) is less than twenty-one years of age and possesses alcohol;
(c) possesses illegal drugs;
(d) violates any state or local law; or
(e) violates any other lawful rule or  regulation  of  the  campground
that enhances the safety and quiet enjoyment of its guests and is posted
in  a  conspicuous  place  or  made  a  part  of  the  guest's occupancy
agreement.
2. the right to request a guest to be removed by any  law  enforcement
officer  can  only  be exercised after the campground owner or its agent
has provided the guest with written warning  that  his  or  her  conduct
shall  result in a removal from the campground if it is repeated. In the
event that such conduct is repeated and the guest fails  to  vacate  the
campground  upon being requested to do so, the campground owner may only
cause the guest to be removed by a law enforcement officer, who may cite
the guest with trespass.
c. A person who is removed from a campground pursuant to subdivision b
of this section shall be entitled to a refund of the unused  portion  of
any prepaid fees, less any amount otherwise owed to the campground owner
or  deducted  for  damages,  which unused portion of prepaid fees may be
prorated at a rate that is based upon the  daily  rate  charged  by  the
campground owner.
d. A campground owner may remove property belonging to a person who is
removed from a campground pursuant to subdivision b of this section from
a campsite and such property, whether removed from a campsite or allowed
to  remain  on  a  campsite,  shall be deemed to be placed in storage. A
campground owner shall provide the owner of such  property  thirty  days
written  notice,  by certified mail, return receipt requested, to remove
such property and dispose of such property pursuant to article  nine  of
the lien law in the event the owner fails to remove such property within
the thirty-day period of time.
* NB There are 2 § 233-b's
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 7 - Landlord and Tenant › 234 - Right to Recover Attorneys' Fees in Actions or Summary Proceedings Arising Out of Leases of Residential Property.

§  234.  Right  to  recover  attorneys'  fees  in  actions  or summary
  proceedings arising out of leases of residential property. 1. Whenever a
  lease of residential property  shall  provide  that  in  any  action  or
  summary  proceeding  the  landlord  may  recover  attorneys' fees and/or
  expenses incurred as the result of the failure of the tenant to  perform
  any  covenant or agreement contained in such lease, or that amounts paid
  by the landlord therefor shall be paid by the tenant as additional rent,
  there shall be implied in such lease a covenant by the landlord  to  pay
  to the tenant the reasonable attorneys' fees and/or expenses incurred by
  the  tenant  as the result of the failure of the landlord to perform any
  covenant or agreement on its part to be performed under the lease or  in
  the  successful defense of any action or summary proceeding commenced by
  the landlord against the  tenant  arising  out  of  the  lease,  and  an
  agreement  that  such  fees and expenses may be recovered as provided by
  law  in  an  action  commenced  against  the  landlord  or  by  way   of
  counterclaim  in  any  action  or  summary  proceeding  commenced by the
  landlord against the tenant. A landlord may not recover attorneys'  fees
  upon  a  default  judgment.  Any waiver of this section shall be void as
  against public policy.
2. Notwithstanding the provisions of subdivision one of this  section,
  where  a tenant is a dwelling unit owner or shareholder of a cooperative
  housing  corporation,  other  than  a  cooperative  housing  corporation
  subject  to the provisions of article two, article four, article five or
  article eleven of the private housing finance law, attorney's  fees  may
  be  awarded to either party in the event of default judgment if recovery
  of attorney's fees is provided for in the proprietary lease or occupancy
  agreement.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 7 - Landlord and Tenant › 234-A - Unauthorized Legal Fees.

§  234-a.  Unauthorized  legal  fees.  (a)  An  owner, lessor or agent
thereof shall be prohibited from assessing a lessee any  fee,  surcharge
or  other charges for legal services in connection with the operation or
rental of a residential unit unless the owner, lessor or agent  has  the
legal  authority  to  do so pursuant to a court order. The provisions of
this subdivision shall not apply  to  a  shareholder  of  a  cooperative
housing  corporation,  provided,  however,  that  the provisions of this
subdivision shall apply with respect to any tenant or subtenant of  such
a shareholder.
(b)  Legal services include, but are not limited to, court fees, legal
representation, attorney fees, notary public charges, and administrative
fees  incurred  by  the  owner,  lessor  or  agent  in  connection  with
management of the building, including actions and proceedings in a court
of law.
(c) Any agreement or assessment contrary to this section shall be void
as contrary to public policy.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 7 - Landlord and Tenant › 235 - Wilful Violations.

§   235.   Wilful   violations.   1.   Any   lessor,  agent,  manager,
  superintendent or janitor of any building, or part thereof, the lease or
  rental agreement whereof by its terms, expressed  or  implied,  requires
  the  furnishing  of  hot  or  cold  water,  heat, light, power, elevator
  service, telephone service or any  other  service  or  facility  to  any
  occupant  of  said  building,  who  wilfully  or  intentionally fails to
  furnish such water, heat,  light,  power,  elevator  service,  telephone
  service  or  other  service  or  facility  at any time when the same are
  necessary to the proper or customary  use  of  such  building,  or  part
  thereof,  or  any  lessor, agent, manager, superintendent or janitor who
  wilfully and intentionally interferes with the quiet  enjoyment  of  the
  leased premises by such occupant, is guilty of a violation.
2.  Any  lessor,  agent,  manager,  superintendent  or  janitor of any
  building, or part therof, who wilfully or intentionally acts to  prevent
  or  obstruct  the delivery of fuel oil ordered in compliance with either
  section three hundred two-c of the  multiple  dwelling  law  or  section
  three  hunded five-c of the multiple residence law or the refiring of an
  oil burner after such a delivery shall be guilty of a violation.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 7 - Landlord and Tenant › 235-A - Tenant Right to Offset Payments and Entitlement to Damages in Certain Cases.

§ 235-a. Tenant right to offset payments and entitlement to damages in
  certain  cases.  1.  In  any  case  in  which a residential tenant shall
  lawfully make a payment to a utility company pursuant to the  provisions
  of  sections  thirty-three,  thirty-four  and one hundred sixteen of the
  public service law, or to a utility company as  defined  in  subdivision
  twenty-three of section two of the public service law, public authority,
  water-works  corporation,  as  defined  in  subdivision  twenty-seven of
  section two of the public service law, or  municipal  water  system,  as
  prescribed in section eighty-nine-l of the public service law, for water
  service which a landlord is responsible for but has failed or refused to
  provide  payment  therefor,  such  payment  shall be deductible from any
  future payment of rent.
2. Any owner (as defined in the  multiple  dwelling  law  or  multiple
  residence  law)  of  a  multiple dwelling responsible for the payment of
  charges for gas,  electric,  steam  or  water  service  who  causes  the
  discontinuance  of that service by failure or refusal to pay the charges
  for past service shall be liable for compensatory and  punitive  damages
  to any tenant whose utility service is so discontinued.
* 3. Nothing contained in this section and no payment made pursuant to
  this section shall be deemed to discharge the liability of a renter with
  an  interest  in  real  property  pursuant to subdivision two of section
  three hundred four of the real property tax law  from  taxes  levied  on
  such interest.
* NB (Effective pending ruling by Commissioner of Internal Revenue)
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 7 - Landlord and Tenant › 235-B - Warranty of Habitability.

§  235-b.  Warranty of habitability. 1. In every written or oral lease
or rental agreement for residential  premises  the  landlord  or  lessor
shall  be  deemed to covenant and warrant that the premises so leased or
rented and all areas used in connection therewith in common  with  other
tenants  or  residents  are  fit  for  human habitation and for the uses
reasonably intended by the  parties  and  that  the  occupants  of  such
premises  shall  not  be  subjected  to  any  conditions  which would be
dangerous, hazardous or detrimental to their  life,  health  or  safety.
When  any such condition has been caused by the misconduct of the tenant
or lessee or persons under  his  direction  or  control,  it  shall  not
constitute a breach of such covenants and warranties.
2.  Any  agreement  by  a  lessee  or  tenant of a dwelling waiving or
modifying his rights as set forth in  this  section  shall  be  void  as
contrary to public policy.
3.  In  determining  the  amount of damages sustained by a tenant as a
result of a breach of the warranty set forth in the section, the court;
(a) need not require any expert testimony; and
(b) shall, to the extent the warranty is breached or cannot  be  cured
by  reason  of  a  strike  or  other  labor  dispute which is not caused
primarily by the individual landlord or  lessor  and  such  damages  are
attributable  to such strike, exclude recovery to such extent, except to
the extent of the net savings, if any, to  the  landlord  or  lessor  by
reason  of  such  strike  or  labor  dispute  allocable  to the tenant's
premises, provided, however, that the landlord or lesser has made a good
faith attempt, where practicable, to cure the breach.
(c) where the premises is subject to regulation pursuant to the  local
emergency  housing rent control law, the emergency tenant protection act
of nineteen seventy-four, the rent stabilization law of nineteen hundred
sixty-nine or the city rent and rehabilitation law,  reduce  the  amount
awarded  hereunder  by the total amount of any rent reduction ordered by
the state division of housing and community  renewal  pursuant  to  such
laws or act, awarded to the tenant, from the effective date of such rent
reduction order, that relates to one or more matters for which relief is
awarded hereunder.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 7 - Landlord and Tenant › 235-BB - Certificates of Occupancy; Required Disclosure to Tenant.

§ 235-bb. Certificates of occupancy; required disclosure to tenant. 1.
  Prior  to  executing  a  residential  lease  or  rental agreement with a
  tenant, the owner of real property consisting of three or  fewer  rental
  units shall provide conspicuous notice in bold face type as to whether a
  certificate  of  occupancy,  if  such certificate is required by law, is
  currently valid for the dwelling unit subject to  the  lease  or  rental
  agreement.  Owners  who  provide  the  tenant with an actual copy of the
  valid certificate of occupancy shall be deemed to have complied with the
  requirements of this subdivision.
2. Any agreement by a  lessee  or  tenant  of  premises  for  dwelling
  purposes  waiving  or  modifying  his or her rights as set forth in this
  section shall be void as contrary to public policy.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 7 - Landlord and Tenant › 235-C - Unconscionable Lease or Clause.

§  235-c.  Unconscionable lease or clause. 1. If the court as a matter
  of law  finds  a  lease  or  any  clause  of  the  lease  to  have  been
  unconscionable  at  the time it was made the court may refuse to enforce
  the lease, or it may enforce the remainder  of  the  lease  without  the
  unconscionable  clause,  or  it  may  so  limit  the  application of any
  unconscionable clause as to avoid any unconscionable result.
2. When it is claimed or appears to the court  that  a  lease  or  any
  clause  thereof  may  be  unconscionable the parties shall be afforded a
  reasonable opportunity to present evidence as to  its  setting,  purpose
  and effect to aid the court in making the determination.