reglab/statecodes huggingface dataset:
2023 New York Laws › UCC - Uniform Commercial Code › Article 9 - Secured Transactions › Part 6 - Default › Sub Part 1 - Default and Enforcement of Security Interest › 9-608 - Application of Proceeds of Collection or Enforcement; Liability for Deficiency and Right to Surplus

Section 9--608. Application  of  Proceeds  of Collection or Enforcement;
Liability for Deficiency and Right to Surplus.
(a) Application of proceeds, surplus,  and  deficiency  if  obligation
secured.  If a security interest or agricultural lien secures payment or
performance of an obligation, the following rules apply:
(1) A secured party shall apply or pay over for  application  the
cash  proceeds  of  collection  or  enforcement under Section
9--607 in the following order to:
(A) the reasonable expenses  of  collection  and  enforcement
and,  to  the  extent  provided  for by agreement and not
prohibited by law, reasonable attorney's fees  and  legal
expenses incurred by the secured party;
(B) the  satisfaction  of obligations secured by the security
interest or agricultural lien under which the  collection
or enforcement is made; and
(C) the   satisfaction   of   obligations   secured   by  any
subordinate security interest in or  other  lien  on  the
collateral   subject   to   the   security   interest  or
agricultural  lien  under   which   the   collection   or
enforcement  is  made  if  the  secured party receives an
authenticated demand for proceeds before distribution  of
the proceeds is completed.
(2) If  requested  by  a secured party, a holder of a subordinate
security interest or  other  lien  shall  furnish  reasonable
proof  of  the  interest  or  lien  within a reasonable time.
Unless the holder complies, the secured party need not comply
with the holder's demand under paragraph (1)(C).
(3) A secured party need not apply or pay  over  for  application
noncash  proceeds of collection and enforcement under Section
9--607 unless the failure to  do  so  would  be  commercially
unreasonable.  A  secured party that applies or pays over for
application noncash proceeds shall do so  in  a  commercially
reasonable manner.
(4) A  secured  party  shall  account to and pay a debtor for any
surplus, and the obligor is liable for any deficiency.
(b) No surplus or deficiency in sales of certain rights to payment. If
the underlying transaction is a sale of accounts, chattel paper, payment
intangibles, or promissory notes, the debtor  is  not  entitled  to  any
surplus, and the obligor is not liable for any deficiency.
2023 New York Laws › UCC - Uniform Commercial Code › Article 9 - Secured Transactions › Part 6 - Default › Sub Part 1 - Default and Enforcement of Security Interest › 9-609 - Secured Party's Right to Take Possession After Default

Section 9--609. Secured Party's Right to Take Possession after Default.
(a) Possession;  rendering equipment unusable; disposition on debtor's
premises. After default, a secured party:
(1) may take possession of the collateral; and
(2) without removal, may render equipment unusable and dispose of
collateral on a debtor's premises under Section 9--610.
(b) Judicial and nonjudicial process.  A  secured  party  may  proceed
under subsection (a):
(1) pursuant to judicial process; or
(2) without  judicial  process,  if it proceeds without breach of
the peace.
(c) Assembly of collateral. If so  agreed,  and  in  any  event  after
default,  a  secured  party  may  require  the  debtor  to  assemble the
collateral and make it available to the secured party at a place  to  be
designated  by  the secured party which is reasonably convenient to both
parties.
2023 New York Laws › UCC - Uniform Commercial Code › Article 9 - Secured Transactions › Part 6 - Default › Sub Part 1 - Default and Enforcement of Security Interest › 9-610 - Disposition of Collateral After Default

Section 9--610. Disposition of Collateral after Default.
(a) Disposition  after  default.  After  default,  a secured party may
sell, lease, license,  or  otherwise  dispose  of  any  or  all  of  the
collateral  in  its  present  condition  or  following  any commercially
reasonable preparation or processing.
(b) Commercially reasonable disposition. Every aspect of a disposition
of collateral, including the method,  manner,  time,  place,  and  other
terms,  must  be  commercially reasonable. If commercially reasonable, a
secured  party  may  dispose  of  collateral  by   public   or   private
proceedings,  by  one or more contracts, as a unit or in parcels, and at
any time and place and on any terms.
(c) Purchase  by  secured  party.  A  secured   party   may   purchase
collateral:
(1) at a public disposition; or
(2) at  a private disposition only if the collateral is of a kind
that is customarily  sold  on  a  recognized  market  or  the
subject of widely distributed standard price quotations.
(d) Warranties on disposition. A contract for sale, lease, license, or
other disposition includes the warranties relating to title, possession,
quiet  enjoyment,  and  the  like  which by operation of law accompany a
voluntary disposition of property of the kind subject to the contract.
(e) Disclaimer of warranties. A secured party may disclaim  or  modify
warranties under subsection (d):
(1) in a manner that would be effective to disclaim or modify the
warranties in a voluntary disposition of property of the kind
subject to the contract of disposition; or
(2) by  communicating  to  the  purchaser a record evidencing the
contract for disposition and including an express  disclaimer
or modification of the warranties.
(f) Record  sufficient  to disclaim warranties. A record is sufficient
to disclaim warranties under subsection (e) if it indicates "There is no
warranty relating to title, possession, quiet enjoyment, or the like  in
this disposition" or uses words of similar import.
2023 New York Laws › UCC - Uniform Commercial Code › Article 9 - Secured Transactions › Part 6 - Default › Sub Part 1 - Default and Enforcement of Security Interest › 9-612 - Timeliness of Notification Before Disposition of Collateral

Section 9--612. Timeliness   of   Notification   Before  Disposition  of
Collateral.
(a) Reasonable time is question of fact. Except as otherwise  provided
in  subsection  (b),  whether a notification is sent within a reasonable
time is a question of fact.
(b) 10-day  period  sufficient  in  non-consumer  transaction.  In   a
transaction  other  than  a  consumer  transaction,  a  notification  of
disposition sent after default and 10 days or more before  the  earliest
time  of  disposition  set  forth  in  the notification is sent within a
reasonable time before the disposition.
2023 New York Laws › UCC - Uniform Commercial Code › Article 9 - Secured Transactions › Part 6 - Default › Sub Part 1 - Default and Enforcement of Security Interest › 9-613 - Contents and Form of Notification Before Disposition of Collateral: General

Section 9--613. Contents  and Form of Notification Before Disposition of
Collateral: General.
Except in a consumer-goods transaction, the following rules apply:
(a) The contents of a notification of disposition  are  sufficient  if
the notification:
(1) describes the debtor and the secured party;
(2) describes  the collateral that is the subject of the intended
disposition;
(3) states the method of intended disposition;
(4) states that the debtor is entitled to an  accounting  of  the
unpaid  indebtedness  and  states  the charge, if any, for an
accounting; and
(5) states the time and place of a public disposition or the time
after which any other disposition is to be made.
(b) Whether the contents of a  notification  that  lacks  any  of  the
information specified in subsection (a) are nevertheless sufficient is a
question of fact.
(c) The   contents  of  a  notification  providing  substantially  the
information specified in subsection (a)  are  sufficient,  even  if  the
notification includes:
(1) information not specified by subsection (a); or
(2) minor errors that are not seriously misleading.
(d) A particular phrasing of the notification is not required.
(e) The  following  form  of  notification  and  the form appearing in
Section 9--614(c), when completed, each provides sufficient information:
NOTIFICATION OF DISPOSITION OF COLLATERAL
To:  (Name  of  debtor,  obligor,  or  other  person  to   which   the
notification is sent)
From:  (Name, address, and telephone number of secured party)
Name  of  Debtor(s):  (Include only if debtor(s) are not an addressee)
(For a public disposition:)
We will sell (or  lease  or  license,  as  applicable)  the  (describe
collateral) (to the highest qualified bidder) in public as follows:
Day and Date:  ____________________
Time:          ____________________
Place:         ____________________
For a private disposition:)
We  will  sell  (or  lease  or  license,  as applicable) the (describe
collateral) privately sometime after (day and date).
You are entitled to an accounting of the unpaid  indebtedness  secured
by  the  property  that  we  intend  to  sell  (or  lease or license, as
applicable) (for a charge of $   ). You may  request  an  accounting  by
calling us at (telephone number).
2023 New York Laws › UCC - Uniform Commercial Code › Article 9 - Secured Transactions › Part 6 - Default › Sub Part 1 - Default and Enforcement of Security Interest › 9-617 - Rights of Transferee of Collateral

Section 9--617. Rights of Transferee of Collateral.
(a) Effects   of   disposition.   A  secured  party's  disposition  of
collateral after default:
(1) transfers to a transferee  for  value  all  of  the  debtor's
rights in the collateral;
(2) discharges  the security interest under which the disposition
is made; and
(3) discharges  any  subordinate  security  interest   or   other
subordinate  lien  other  than liens created under any law of
this state that are not to be discharged.
(b) Rights of good-faith transferee. A transferee that  acts  in  good
faith  takes  free  of  the rights and interests described in subsection
(a), even if the secured party fails to comply with this article or  the
requirements of any judicial proceeding.
(c) Rights  of other transferee. If a transferee does not take free of
the rights and interests described in  subsection  (a),  the  transferee
takes the collateral subject to:
(1) the debtor's rights in the collateral;
(2) the  security  interest  or agricultural lien under which the
disposition is made; and
(3) any other security interest or other lien.
2023 New York Laws › UCC - Uniform Commercial Code › Article 9 - Secured Transactions › Part 6 - Default › Sub Part 1 - Default and Enforcement of Security Interest › 9-618 - Rights and Duties of Certain Secondary Obligors

Section 9--618. Rights and Duties of Certain Secondary Obligors.
(a) Rights  and  duties  of  secondary  obligor.  A  secondary obligor
acquires the rights and becomes obligated to perform the duties  of  the
secured party after the secondary obligor:
(1) receives  an  assignment  of  a  secured  obligation from the
secured party;
(2) receives a transfer of collateral from the secured party  and
agrees  to accept the rights and assume the duties of the secured
party; or
(3) is subrogated to the rights of a secured party  with  respect
to collateral.
(b) Effect  of  assignment,  transfer,  or subrogation. An assignment,
transfer, or subrogation described in subsection (a):
(1) is not a disposition of collateral under Section 9--610; and
(2) relieves the secured  party  of  further  duties  under  this
article.
2023 New York Laws › UCC - Uniform Commercial Code › Article 9 - Secured Transactions › Part 6 - Default › Sub Part 1 - Default and Enforcement of Security Interest › 9-619 - Transfer of Record or Legal Title

Section 9--619. Transfer of Record or Legal Title.
(a) "Transfer  statement." In this section, "transfer statement" means
a record authenticated by a secured party stating:
(1) that  the  debtor  has  defaulted  in  connection   with   an
obligation secured by specified collateral;
(2) that   the  secured  party  has  exercised  its  post-default
remedies with respect to the collateral;
(3) that, by reason of the exercise, a  transferee  has  acquired
the rights of the debtor in the collateral; and
(4) the  name  and  mailing address of the secured party, debtor,
and transferee.
(b) Effect of transfer statement. A transfer  statement  entitles  the
transferee  to the transfer of record of all rights of the debtor in the
collateral specified in the statement in any official filing, recording,
registration, or certificate-of-title system covering the collateral. If
a transfer statement is presented with the applicable  fee  and  request
form  to  the official or office responsible for maintaining the system,
the official or office shall:
(1) accept the transfer statement;
(2) promptly amend its records to reflect the transfer; and
(3) if applicable, issue a new appropriate certificate  of  title
in the name of the transferee.
(c) Transfer not a disposition; no relief of secured party's duties. A
transfer  of  the record or legal title to collateral to a secured party
under subsection (b) or otherwise is not  of  itself  a  disposition  of
collateral under this article and does not of itself relieve the secured
party of its duties under this article.
2023 New York Laws › UCC - Uniform Commercial Code › Article 9 - Secured Transactions › Part 6 - Default › Sub Part 1 - Default and Enforcement of Security Interest › 9-621 - Notification of Proposal to Accept Collateral

Section 9--621. Notification of Proposal to Accept Collateral.
(a) Persons to which proposal to be sent. A secured party that desires
to  accept  collateral in full or partial satisfaction of the obligation
it secures shall send its proposal to:
(1) any person from which the secured party has received,  before
the  debtor  consented  to  the  acceptance, an authenticated
notification of a claim of an interest in the collateral;
(2) any other secured party or lienholder that,  10  days  before
the  debtor  consented  to  the  acceptance,  held a security
interest in or other lien on the collateral perfected by  the
filing of a financing statement that:
(A) identified the collateral;
(B) was indexed under the debtor's name as of that date; and
(C) was  filed  in  the  office or offices in which to file a
financing  statement  against  the  debtor  covering  the
collateral as of that date; and
(3) any  other  secured  party  that,  10  days before the debtor
consented to the acceptance, held a security interest in  the
collateral   perfected   by   compliance   with   a  statute,
regulation, or treaty described in Section 9--311(a).
(b) Proposal to be sent to secondary obligor in partial  satisfaction.
A   secured   party   that  desires  to  accept  collateral  in  partial
satisfaction of the obligation it secures shall send its proposal to any
secondary obligor in addition to the  persons  described  in  subsection
(a).
2023 New York Laws › UCC - Uniform Commercial Code › Article 9 - Secured Transactions › Part 6 - Default › Sub Part 1 - Default and Enforcement of Security Interest › 9-622 - Effect of Acceptance of Collateral

Section 9--622. Effect of Acceptance of Collateral.
(a) Effect  of  acceptance. A secured party's acceptance of collateral
in full or partial satisfaction of the obligation it secures:
(1) discharges the obligation to the extent consented to  by  the
debtor;
(2) transfers  to  the  secured party all of a debtor's rights in
the collateral;
(3) discharges the security interest or agricultural lien that is
the subject of  the  debtor's  consent  and  any  subordinate
security interest or other subordinate lien; and
(4) terminates any other subordinate interest.
(b) Discharge of subordinate interest notwithstanding noncompliance. A
subordinate  interest  is discharged or terminated under subsection (a),
even if the secured party fails to comply with this article.
2023 New York Laws › UCC - Uniform Commercial Code › Article 9 - Secured Transactions › Part 6 - Default › Sub Part 1 - Default and Enforcement of Security Interest › 9-623 - Right to Redeem Collateral

Section 9--623. Right to Redeem Collateral.
(a) Persons  that  may redeem. A debtor, any secondary obligor, or any
other secured party or lienholder may redeem collateral.
(b) Requirements for redemption. To redeem collateral, a person  shall
tender:
(1) fulfillment of all obligations secured by the collateral; and
(2) the  reasonable  expenses  and  attorney's  fees described in
Section 9--615(a)(1).
(c) When redemption may occur. A redemption  may  occur  at  any  time
before a secured party:
(1) has collected collateral under Section 9--607;
(2) has disposed of collateral or entered into a contract for its
disposition under Section 9--610; or
(3) has  accepted  collateral  in full or partial satisfaction of
the obligation it secures under Section 9--622.
2023 New York Laws › UCC - Uniform Commercial Code › Article 9 - Secured Transactions › Part 6 - Default › Sub Part 1 - Default and Enforcement of Security Interest › 9-624 - Waiver

Section 9--624. Waiver.
(a) Waiver  of disposition notification. A debtor or secondary obligor
may waive the right to notification of disposition of  collateral  under
Section  9--611  only  by  an  agreement to that effect entered into and
authenticated after default.
(b) Waiver of mandatory disposition. A debtor may waive the  right  to
require  disposition  of  collateral under Section 9--620 (e) only by an
agreement to that effect entered into and authenticated after default.
(c) Waiver  of  redemption   right.   Except   in   a   consumer-goods
transaction, a debtor or secondary obligor may waive the right to redeem
collateral  under  Section  9--623  only  by an agreement to that effect
entered into and authenticated after default.
2023 New York Laws › UCC - Uniform Commercial Code › Article 9 - Secured Transactions › Part 6 - Default › Sub Part 2 - Noncompliance With Article › 9-626 - Action in Which Deficiency or Surplus Is in Issue

Section 9--626. Action in Which Deficiency or Surplus is in Issue.
(a) Applicable  rules  if amount of deficiency or surplus is in issue.
In  an  action  arising  from  a  transaction,  other  than  a  consumer
transaction, in which the amount of a deficiency or surplus is in issue,
the following rules apply:
(1) A secured party need not prove compliance with the provisions
of   this   part   relating   to   collection,   enforcement,
disposition, or acceptance unless the debtor or  a  secondary
obligor places the secured party's compliance in issue.
(2) If  the  secured  party's  compliance is placed in issue, the
secured  party  has  the  burden  of  establishing  that  the
collection,   enforcement,  disposition,  or  acceptance  was
conducted in accordance with this part.
(3) Except as otherwise provided in Section 9--628, if a  secured
party  fails  to  prove  that  the  collection,  enforcement,
disposition, or acceptance was conducted in  accordance  with
the   provisions   of   this  part  relating  to  collection,
enforcement, disposition, or acceptance, the liability  of  a
debtor  or a secondary obligor for a deficiency is limited to
an amount  by  which  the  sum  of  the  secured  obligation,
expenses, and attorney's fees exceeds the greater of:
(A) the proceeds of the collection, enforcement, disposition,
or acceptance; or
(B) the  amount of proceeds that would have been realized had
the noncomplying secured party  proceeded  in  accordance
with  the provisions of this part relating to collection,
enforcement, disposition, or acceptance.
(4) For purposes of paragraph (3)(B), the amount of proceeds that
would have been realized is equal to the sum of  the  secured
obligation,  expenses, and attorney's fees unless the secured
party proves that the amount is less than that sum.
(5) If a  deficiency  or  surplus  is  calculated  under  Section
9--615(f),   the   debtor   or  obligor  has  the  burden  of
establishing that the amount of proceeds of  the  disposition
is  significantly  below the range of prices that a complying
disposition to a person  other  than  the  secured  party,  a
person  related  to the secured party, or a secondary obligor
would have brought.
(b) Non-consumer transactions; no inference.  The  limitation  of  the
rules in subsection (a) to transactions other than consumer transactions
is  intended to leave to the court the determination of the proper rules
in consumer transactions. The court may not infer from  that  limitation
the  nature of the proper rule in consumer transactions and may continue
to apply established approaches.
2023 New York Laws › UCC - Uniform Commercial Code › Article 9 - Secured Transactions › Part 6 - Default › Sub Part 2 - Noncompliance With Article › 9-627 - Determination of Whether Conduct Was Comercially Reasonable

Section 9--627. Determination   of   Whether  Conduct  Was  Commercially
Reasonable.
(a) Greater amount obtainable under other circumstances; no preclusion
of commercial reasonableness. The fact that a greater amount could  have
been  obtained  by a collection, enforcement, disposition, or acceptance
at a different time or in a different method from that selected  by  the
secured  party is not of itself sufficient to preclude the secured party
from establishing that  the  collection,  enforcement,  disposition,  or
acceptance was made in a commercially reasonable manner.
(b) Dispositions  that  are  commercially reasonable. A disposition of
collateral  is  made  in  a  commercially  reasonable  manner   if   the
disposition is made:
(1) in the usual manner on any recognized market;
(2) at  the price current in any recognized market at the time of
the disposition; or
(3) otherwise in conformity with reasonable commercial  practices
among dealers in the type of property that was the subject of
the disposition.
(c) Approval  by  court  or  on  behalf  of  creditors.  A collection,
enforcement, disposition, or acceptance is commercially reasonable if it
has been approved:
(1) in a judicial proceeding;
(2) by a bona fide creditors' committee;
(3) by a representative of creditors; or
(4) by an assignee for the benefit of creditors.
(d) Approval under subsection (c) not necessary; absence  of  approval
has  no  effect. Approval under subsection (c) need not be obtained, and
lack of  approval  does  not  mean  that  the  collection,  enforcement,
disposition, or acceptance is not commercially reasonable.
2023 New York Laws › UCC - Uniform Commercial Code › Article 9 - Secured Transactions › Part 6 - Default › Sub Part 2 - Noncompliance With Article › 9-628 - Nonliability and Limitation on Liability of Secured Party; Liability of Secondary Obligor

Section 9--628. Nonliability  and  Limitation  on  Liability  of Secured
Party; Liability of Secondary Obligor.
(a) Limitation of liability of secured party  for  noncompliance  with
article.  Unless  a  secured  party  knows  that a person is a debtor or
obligor, knows the identity of the person, and knows how to  communicate
with the person:
(1) the  secured  party  is  not  liable  to  the person, or to a
secured party  or  lienholder  that  has  filed  a  financing
statement against the person, for failure to comply with this
article; and
(2) the  secured party's failure to comply with this article does
not affect the liability of the person for a deficiency.
(b) Limitation of liability  based  on  status  as  secured  party.  A
secured party is not liable because of its status as secured party:
(1) to  a  person that is a debtor or obligor, unless the secured
party knows:
(A) that the person is a debtor or obligor;
(B) the identity of the person; and
(C) how to communicate with the person; or
(2) to a secured party or lienholder that has filed  a  financing
statement against a person, unless the secured party knows:
(A) that the person is a debtor; and
(B) the identity of the person.
(c) Limitation  of liability if reasonable belief that transaction not
a consumer-goods transaction or consumer transaction. A secured party is
not liable to any person, and a person's liability for a  deficiency  is
not  affected, because of any act or omission arising out of the secured
party's reasonable belief that a transaction  is  not  a  consumer-goods
transaction  or  a  consumer  transaction or that goods are not consumer
goods, if the secured party's belief is based on its reasonable reliance
on:
(1) a debtor's representation concerning the  purpose  for  which
collateral was to be used, acquired, or held; or
(2) an  obligor's representation concerning the purpose for which
a secured obligation was incurred.
(d) Limitation of liability for statutory damages. A secured party  is
not liable to any person under Section 9--625 (c) (2) for its failure to
comply with Section 9--616.
(e) Limitation  of multiple liability for statutory damages. A secured
party is not liable under Section 9--625 (c) (2)  more  than  once  with
respect to any one secured obligation.
2023 New York Laws › UCC - Uniform Commercial Code › Article 9 - Secured Transactions › Part 7 - Transition › 9-700 - Definitions

Section 9--700. Definitions.
The  following words and terms when used in this part 7 shall have the
  following meanings:
"Former Article 9."  The  provisions  of  article  9  of  the  Uniform
  Commercial  Code of this state as in effect before the effective date of
  Revised Article 9.
"Revised Article 9." The  provisions  of  article  9  of  the  Uniform
  Commercial  Code of this state, as amended by the chapter of the laws of
  2001 which added these words and as they may be further amended.
2023 New York Laws › UCC - Uniform Commercial Code › Article 9 - Secured Transactions › Part 7 - Transition › 9-702 - Savings Clause

Section 9--702. Savings Clause.
(a) Pre-effective-date  transactions  or  liens.  Except  as otherwise
provided in this part, Revised Article 9 applies  to  a  transaction  or
lien  within its scope, even if the transaction or lien was entered into
or created before Revised Article 9 takes effect.
(b) Continuing validity. Except as otherwise  provided  in  subsection
(c) and Sections 9--703 through 9--709:
(1) transactions  and  liens  that  were  not  governed by Former
Article 9,  were  validly  entered  into  or  created  before
Revised  Article  9  takes  effect,  and  would be subject to
Revised Article 9 if they had been entered  into  or  created
after Revised Article 9 takes effect, and the rights, duties,
and  interests  flowing  from  those  transactions  and liens
remain valid after Revised Article 9 takes effect; and
(2) the transactions and  liens  may  be  terminated,  completed,
consummated, and enforced as required or permitted by Revised
Article 9 or by the law that otherwise would apply if Revised
Article 9 had not taken effect.
(c) Pre-effective-date  proceedings. Revised Article 9 does not affect
an action, case, or proceeding commenced before Revised Article 9  takes
effect.
2023 New York Laws › UCC - Uniform Commercial Code › Article 9 - Secured Transactions › Part 7 - Transition › 9-703 - Security Interest Perfected Before Effective Date

Section 9--703. Security Interest Perfected Before Effective Date.
(a) Continuing  priority  over  lien creditor: perfection requirements
satisfied. A security interest that is  enforceable  immediately  before
Revised  Article  9 takes effect and would have priority over the rights
of a person that becomes a lien creditor at that  time  is  a  perfected
security  interest  under  Revised  Article 9 if, when Revised Article 9
takes  effect,  the  applicable  requirements  for  enforceability   and
perfection under Revised Article 9 are satisfied without further action.
(b) Continuing  priority  over  lien creditor: perfection requirements
not satisfied. Except  as  otherwise  provided  in  Section  9--705  and
subsection  (c),  if,  immediately  before  this article takes effect, a
security interest is enforceable and would have priority over the rights
of a person  that  becomes  a  lien  creditor  at  that  time,  but  the
applicable  requirements  for  enforceability  or  perfection under this
article are not satisfied when this article takes effect,  the  security
interest:
(1) is  a  perfected  security  interest  for one year after this
article takes effect;
(2) remains enforceable thereafter only if the security  interest
becomes  enforceable  under  Section  9--203  before the year
expires; and
(3) remains  perfected  thereafter   only   if   the   applicable
requirements  for perfection under this article are satisfied
before the year expires.
(c) Special rule for cooperative  interests:  perfection  requirements
not  satisfied. If, immediately before Revised Article 9 takes effect, a
security interest in a cooperative interest  is  enforceable  and  would
have  priority  over the rights of a person that becomes a lien creditor
at that time, but  the  applicable  requirements  for  perfection  under
Revised Article 9 are not satisfied when Revised Article 9 takes effect,
the security interest:
(1) is  a  perfected  security interest for 5 years after Revised
Article 9 takes effect; and
(2) remains  perfected  thereafter   only   if   the   applicable
requirements  for  perfection  under  Revised  Article  9 are
satisfied before the 5 years expire.
2023 New York Laws › UCC - Uniform Commercial Code › Article 9 - Secured Transactions › Part 7 - Transition › 9-704 - Security Interest Unperfected Before Effective Date

Section 9--704. Security Interest Unperfected Before Effective Date.
A  security  interest  that  is enforceable immediately before Revised
Article 9 takes effect but which would be subordinate to the rights of a
person that becomes a lien creditor at that time:
(a) remains an  enforceable  security  interest  for  one  year  after
Revised Article 9 takes effect;
(b) remains  enforceable  thereafter  if the security interest becomes
enforceable under Section 9--203 when Revised Article 9 takes effect  or
within one year thereafter; and
(c) becomes perfected:
(1) without  further  action, when Revised Article 9 takes effect
if the applicable requirements for perfection  under  Revised
Article 9 are satisfied before or at that time; or
(2) when the applicable requirements for perfection are satisfied
if the requirements are satisfied after that time.
2023 New York Laws › UCC - Uniform Commercial Code › Article 9 - Secured Transactions › Part 7 - Transition › 9-706 - When Initial Financing Statement Sufficies to Continue Effectiveness of Financing Statement

Section 9--706. When  Initial  Financing  Statement Suffices to Continue
Effectiveness of Financing Statement.
(a) Initial financing statement in lieu of continuation statement. The
filing of an initial financing statement  in  the  office  specified  in
Section  9--501  continues  the  effectiveness  of a financing statement
filed before Revised Article 9 takes effect if:
(1) the filing of an initial financing statement in  that  office
would  be  effective  to  perfect  a  security interest under
Revised Article 9;
(2) the pre-effective-date financing statement was  filed  in  an
office in another state or another office in this state; and
(3) the initial financing statement satisfies subsection (c).
(b) Period  of  continued  effectiveness.  The  filing  of  an initial
financing statement under subsection (a) continues the effectiveness  of
the pre-effective-date financing statement:
(1) if  the  initial  financing statement is filed before Revised
Article 9 takes effect, for the  period  provided  in  Former
Section 9--403 with respect to a financing statement; and
(2) if  the  initial  financing  statement is filed after Revised
Article 9 takes effect, for the period  provided  in  Section
9--515 with respect to an initial financing statement.
(c) Requirements for initial financing statement under subsection (a).
To  be  effective  for  purposes of subsection (a), an initial financing
statement must:
(1) satisfy the requirements of Part 5 for an  initial  financing
statement;
(2) identify   the   pre-effective-date  financing  statement  by
indicating the office in which the  financing  statement  was
filed  and providing the dates of filing and file numbers, if
any, of the  financing  statement  and  of  the  most  recent
continuation  statement  filed  with respect to the financing
statement; and
(3) indicate  that  the  pre-effective-date  financing  statement
remains effective.
2023 New York Laws › UCC - Uniform Commercial Code › Article 9 - Secured Transactions › Part 7 - Transition › 9-707 - Amendment of Pre-Effective-Date Financing Statement

Section 9--707. Amendment of Pre-effective-date Financing Statement.
(a) "Pre-effective-date   financing   statement".   In  this  section,
"pre-effective-date financing statement"  means  a  financing  statement
filed before Revised Article 9 takes effect.
(b) Applicable law. After Revised Article 9 takes effect, a person may
add   or  delete  collateral  covered  by,  continue  or  terminate  the
effectiveness of, or otherwise amend  the  information  provided  in,  a
pre-effective-date  financing  statement only in accordance with the law
of the jurisdiction governing perfection as provided in Part 3. However,
the effectiveness of a pre-effective-date financing statement  also  may
be  terminated  in  accordance with the law of the jurisdiction in which
the financing statement is filed.
(c) Method of amending: general rule. Except as otherwise provided  in
subsection  (d),  if  the  law  of  this  state  governs perfection of a
security interest, the information  in  a  pre-effective-date  financing
statement may be amended after Revised Article 9 takes effect only if:
(1) the  pre-effective-date  financing statement and an amendment
are filed in the office specified in Section 9--501;
(2) an amendment is filed in  the  office  specified  in  Section
9--501  concurrently with, or after the filing in that office
of, an initial financing  statement  that  satisfies  Section
9--706 (c); or
(3) an  initial financing statement that provides the information
as amended and satisfies Section 9--706 (c) is filed  in  the
office specified in Section 9--501.
(d) Method of amending: continuation. If the law of this state governs
perfection   of   a   security   interest,   the   effectiveness   of  a
pre-effective-date financing  statement  may  be  continued  only  under
Section 9--705 (d) and (f) or 9--706.
(e) Method  of  amending:  additional termination rule. Whether or not
the law of this state governs perfection of  a  security  interest,  the
effectiveness  of a pre-effective-date financing statement filed in this
state may be terminated after Revised Article 9 takes effect by filing a
termination statement in the  office  in  which  the  pre-effective-date
financing statement is filed, unless an initial financing statement that
satisfies  Section  9--706 (c) has been filed in the office specified by
the law of the jurisdiction governing perfection as provided in  Part  3
as the office in which to file a financing statement.
2023 New York Laws › UCC - Uniform Commercial Code › Article 9 - Secured Transactions › Part 7 - Transition › 9-708 - Persons Entitled to File Initial Financing Statement or Continuation Statement

Section 9--708. Persons  Entitled to File Initial Financing Statement or
Continuation Statement.
A person may file an initial financing  statement  or  a  continuation
statement under this part if:
(a) the secured party of record authorizes the filing; and
(b) the filing is necessary under this part:
(1) to  continue the effectiveness of a financing statement filed
before Revised Article 9 takes effect; or
(2) to perfect or continue the perfection of a security interest.
2023 New York Laws › UCC - Uniform Commercial Code › Article 9 - Secured Transactions › Part 7 - Transition › 9-709 - Priority

Section 9--709. Priority.
(a) Law  governing priority. Revised Article 9 determines the priority
of conflicting claims to collateral. However, if the relative priorities
of the claims were established before Revised Article  9  takes  effect,
Former Article 9 determines priority.
(b) Priority  if  security  interest becomes enforceable under Section
9--203. For purposes of Section 9--322(a), the priority  of  a  security
interest  that  becomes  enforceable  under  Section  9--203  of Revised
Article 9 dates from the time Revised Article  9  takes  effect  if  the
security  interest is perfected under Revised Article 9 by the filing of
a financing statement before Revised Article 9 takes effect which  would
not  have  been  effective to perfect the security interest under Former
Article 9. This  subsection  does  not  apply  to  conflicting  security
interests  each  of which is perfected by the filing of such a financing
statement.
2023 New York Laws › UCC - Uniform Commercial Code › Article 11 - Provisions for Transition From Original Article 9 to Revised Article 9 › 11-101 - Definitions.

Section 11--101. Definitions.
As used in this Article 11:
(a)  The  term  "Original  Article  9"  means Article 9 of the uniform
commercial code as enacted by chapter five hundred  fifty-three  of  the
laws  of  nineteen  hundred  sixty-two  and  as amended by chapter eight
hundred ninety-nine of the laws of nineteen hundred seventy.
(b) The term "Revised Article  9"  means  Article  9  of  the  uniform
commercial code as amended by the act enacting this Article.
2023 New York Laws › UCC - Uniform Commercial Code › Article 11 - Provisions for Transition From Original Article 9 to Revised Article 9 › 11-102 - Preservation of Old Transition Provision.

Section 11--102. Preservation of Old Transition Provision.
The provisions of Article 10 of the uniform commercial code as enacted
  by  chapter  five  hundred  fifty-three  of the laws of nineteen hundred
  sixty-two and as last amended by chapter eight  hundred  sixty-eight  of
  the  laws  of  nineteen  hundred  sixty-five  shall continue to apply to
  Revised Article 9 and for this purpose Original Article  9  and  Revised
  Article 9 shall be considered one continuous statute.
2023 New York Laws › UCC - Uniform Commercial Code › Article 11 - Provisions for Transition From Original Article 9 to Revised Article 9 › 11-103 - Transition to Revised Article 9-General Rule.

Section 11--103. Transition to Revised Article 9--General Rule.
Transactions  validly  entered  into  after  September twenty-seventh,
  nineteen hundred sixty-four and before the  effective  date  of  Revised
  Article  9, and which were subject to the provisions of Original Article
  9 and which would be subject to Revised  Article  9  if  they  had  been
  entered into on or after the effective date of Revised Article 9 and the
  rights, duties and interests flowing from such transactions remain valid
  after  the  latter date and may be terminated, completed, consummated or
  enforced as required or  permitted  by  Revised  Article  9.    Security
  interests  arising  out  of  such  transactions which are perfected when
  Revised Article 9 becomes effective shall remain  perfected  until  they
  lapse  as  provided  in  Revised  Article  9,  and  may  be continued as
  permitted by the Revised  Article  9,  except  as  provided  in  Section
  11-105.
2023 New York Laws › UCC - Uniform Commercial Code › Article 11 - Provisions for Transition From Original Article 9 to Revised Article 9 › 11-104 - Transition Provision on Change of Requirement of Filing.

Section 11--104. Transition   Provision  on  Change  of  Requirement  of
Filing.
A security interest for the perfection of which filing or  the  taking
  of  possession  was required under Original Article 9 and which attached
  prior to the effective date of Revised Article 9 but was  not  perfected
  shall  be deemed perfected on the effective date of Revised Article 9 if
  Revised Article 9 permits perfection without filing or authorizes filing
  in the office or offices where a prior ineffective filing was made.
2023 New York Laws › UCC - Uniform Commercial Code › Article 11 - Provisions for Transition From Original Article 9 to Revised Article 9 › 11-105 - Transition Provision on Change of Place of Filing.

Section 11--105. Transition Provision on Change of Place of Filing.
(1) A financing statement or continuation statement filed prior to the
effective date of Revised Article 9 which shall not have lapsed prior to
the  effective  date of Revised Article 9 shall remain effective for the
period provided in Original Article 9, but  not  less  than  five  years
after the filing.
(2)  With  respect to any collateral acquired by the debtor subsequent
to the effective date of Revised  Article  9,  any  effective  financing
statement  or  continuation  statement  described  in this section shall
apply only if the filing or filings are in the office  or  offices  that
would  be  appropriate  to  perfect  the  security  interests in the new
collateral under Revised Article 9.
(3) The effectiveness  of  any  financing  statement  or  continuation
statement  filed prior to the effective date of Revised Article 9 may be
continued by a continuation statement as permitted by Revised Article 9,
except that if Revised Article 9 requires a filing in  an  office  where
there  was  no  previous  financing statement, a new financing statement
conforming to Section 11-106 shall be filed in that office.
(4) If the record of  a  mortgage  of  real  estate  would  have  been
effective  as  a  fixture  filing  of goods described therein if Revised
Article 9 had been in effect on the date of recording the mortgage,  the
mortgage  shall be deemed effective as a fixture filing as to such goods
under subsection (6) of Section  9-402  of  Revised  Article  9  on  the
effective date of Revised Article 9.
2023 New York Laws › UCC - Uniform Commercial Code › Article 11 - Provisions for Transition From Original Article 9 to Revised Article 9 › 11-106 - Required Refilings.

Section 11--106. Required Refilings.
(1)  If  a security interest is perfected or has priority when the act
enacting this Article takes effect as to all persons or  as  to  certain
persons  without  any  filing  or  recording,  and  if  the  filing of a
financing statement would be required for the perfection or priority  of
the security interest against those persons under Revised Article 9, the
perfection  and  priority rights of the security interest continue until
three  years  after  the  effective  date  of  Revised  Article  9.  The
perfection  will  then  lapse  unless  a financing statement is filed as
provided in subsection (2) or unless the security interest is  perfected
otherwise than by filing.
(2)  A  financing  statement may be filed within six months before the
perfection of a  security  interest  would  otherwise  lapse.  Any  such
financing  statement  may  be signed by either the debtor or the secured
party. It must identify the  security  agreement,  statement  or  notice
however  denominated in any statute or other law repealed or modified by
the act enacting this Article, state the office where and the date  when
the  last  filing,  refiling or recording, if any, was made with respect
thereto, and the filing number, if any, or book and  page,  if  any,  of
recording  and  further  state that the security agreement, statement or
notice, however denominated, in another filing office under the  uniform
commercial  code  or under any statute or other law repealed or modified
by the act enacting this Article is still effective. Section  9-401  and
Section  9-103  determine  the  proper  place  to  file such a financing
statement. Except as specified in this  subsection,  the  provisions  of
subsection  (3)  of  Section  9-403 for continuation statements apply to
such a financing statement.
2023 New York Laws › UCC - Uniform Commercial Code › Article 11 - Provisions for Transition From Original Article 9 to Revised Article 9 › 11-107 - Transition Provisions as to Priorities.

Section 11--107. Transition Provisions as to Priorities.
Except as otherwise provided in this Article, Original Article 9 shall
  apply  to any questions of priority if the positions of the parties were
  fixed prior to the effective date of Revised Article 9. In  other  cases
  questions of priority shall be determined by Revised Article 9.
2023 New York Laws › UCC - Uniform Commercial Code › Article 11 - Provisions for Transition From Original Article 9 to Revised Article 9 › 11-108 - Presumption That Rule of Law Continues Unchanged.

Section 11--108. Presumption that Rule of Law Continues Unchanged.
Unless  a  change  in  law  has  clearly  been made, the provisions of
  Revised Article 9 shall be deemed declaratory of the meaning of Original
  Article 9.
2023 New York Laws › UCC - Uniform Commercial Code › Article 13 - Effective Date and Repealer › 13-103 - Inconsistent Laws; Which Law Governs.

Section 13--103. Inconsistent Laws; Which Law Governs.
If  any other provision of law is inconsistent with this Act, this Act
  shall govern unless this Act  or  such  inconsistent  provision  of  law
  specifically provides otherwise.
2023 New York Laws › UCC - Uniform Commercial Code › Article 13 - Effective Date and Repealer › 13-104 - Laws Not Repealed.

Section 13--104. Laws Not Repealed.
The  Article  on  Documents  of  Title  (Article 7) does not repeal or
  modify any laws prescribing the form or contents of documents  of  title
  or  the  services  or facilities to be afforded by bailees, or otherwise
  regulating bailees' businesses in respects not specifically  dealt  with
  herein;  but  the  fact  that such laws are violated does not affect the
  status of  a  document  of  title  which  otherwise  complies  with  the
  definition of a document of title (Section 1--201).
2023 New York Laws › VAT - Vehicle and Traffic › Title 1 - Words and Phrases Defined › Article 1 - Words and Phrases Defined. › 100 - Definition of Words and Phrases.

§ 100. Definition  of  words  and  phrases.  The  following  words and
  phrases when used in  this  chapter  shall,  for  the  purpose  of  this
  chapter, have the meanings respectively ascribed to them in this article
  except  where  another definition is specifically provided in any title,
  article or section for application in such title, article or section:
2023 New York Laws › VAT - Vehicle and Traffic › Title 1 - Words and Phrases Defined › Article 1 - Words and Phrases Defined. › 100-A - Access Highway.

§ 100-a. Access  highway.  Any  highway  providing  access  between  a
  qualifying highway, as defined in section one hundred  thirty-four-a  of
  this  article,  and  terminals,  facilities for food, fuel, repairs, and
  rest and, in addition, for points of loading and unloading for household
  goods carriers as such highways are designated by  the  commissioner  of
  transportation  pursuant to section sixteen hundred twenty-seven of this
  chapter.
2023 New York Laws › VAT - Vehicle and Traffic › Title 1 - Words and Phrases Defined › Article 1 - Words and Phrases Defined. › 100-B - Ambulance.

§ 100-b. Ambulance.    Every  motor  vehicle  designed,  appropriately
  equipped and used for the purpose of carrying sick or injured persons by
  a person or entity registered or certified as an  ambulance  service  by
  the department of health.
2023 New York Laws › VAT - Vehicle and Traffic › Title 1 - Words and Phrases Defined › Article 1 - Words and Phrases Defined. › 100-D - Agricultural Equipment.

§   100-d.   Agricultural   equipment.   Every  agricultural  tractor,
  self-propelled  implement  of   husbandry,   and   towed,   mounted   or
  semi-mounted implement of husbandry. "Implement of husbandry" shall mean
  a   vehicle   designed   or   adapted   exclusively   for  agricultural,
  horticultural or livestock raising operations or for lifting or carrying
  an implement of husbandry.
2023 New York Laws › VAT - Vehicle and Traffic › Title 1 - Words and Phrases Defined › Article 1 - Words and Phrases Defined. › 101 - Authorized Emergency Vehicle.

§  101.  Authorized emergency vehicle. Every ambulance, police vehicle
  or bicycle, correction vehicle, fire vehicle,  civil  defense  emergency
  vehicle,  emergency  ambulance  service vehicle, blood delivery vehicle,
  human organ delivery vehicle, county emergency medical services vehicle,
  environmental emergency response  vehicle,  sanitation  patrol  vehicle,
  hazardous  materials  emergency vehicle and ordnance disposal vehicle of
  the armed forces of the United States.