reglab/statecodes huggingface dataset:
2023 New York Laws › CPL - Criminal Procedure › Part 2 - The Principal Proceedings › Title M - Proceedings After Judgment › Article 470 - Appeals--Determination Thereof › 470.20 - Determination of Appeals by Intermediate Appellate Courts; Corrective Action Upon Reversal or Modification.

§  470.20    Determination  of appeals by intermediate appellate courts;
corrective action upon reversal or modification.
Upon reversing or  modifying  a  judgment,  sentence  or  order  of  a
  criminal court, an intermediate appellate court must take or direct such
  corrective  action  as  is necessary and appropriate both to rectify any
  injustice to the appellant resulting from the error or defect  which  is
  the subject of the reversal or modification and to protect the rights of
  the  respondent.    The  particular  corrective  action  to  be taken or
  directed is governed in part by the following rules:
1.  Upon a reversal of a judgment after  trial  for  error  or  defect
  which  resulted  in prejudice to the defendant or deprived him of a fair
  trial, the court must, whether such reversal be  on  the  law  or  as  a
  matter  of  discretion  in the interest of justice, order a new trial of
  the accusatory instrument and remit the case to the criminal  court  for
  such action.
2.   Upon a reversal of a judgment after trial for legal insufficiency
  of trial evidence, the court must dismiss the accusatory instrument.
3.    Upon  a  modification  of  a  judgment  after  trial  for  legal
  insufficiency  of trial evidence with respect to one or more but not all
  of the offenses of which the defendant was  convicted,  the  court  must
  dismiss  the  count or counts of the accusatory instrument determined to
  be legally unsupported and must otherwise affirm the judgment.  In  such
  case,  it  must  either reduce the total sentence to that imposed by the
  criminal court upon the counts with respect to  which  the  judgment  is
  affirmed  or  remit  the case to the criminal court for re-sentence upon
  such counts; provided that nothing contained in this paragraph precludes
  further sentence reduction in the  exercise  of  the  appellate  court's
  discretion pursuant to subdivision six.
4.    Upon  a  modification  of a judgment after trial which reduces a
  conviction of a crime to one for a lesser included  offense,  the  court
  must  remit  the  case  to  the criminal court with a direction that the
  latter sentence the defendant accordingly.
5.  Upon a reversal or modification of a judgment after trial upon the
  ground that the verdict, either in its entirety or  with  respect  to  a
  particular count or counts, is against the weight of the trial evidence,
  the court must dismiss the accusatory instrument or any reversed count.
6.    Upon modifying a judgment or reversing a sentence as a matter of
  discretion in the interest of justice upon the ground that the  sentence
  is  unduly  harsh  or  severe, the court must itself impose some legally
  authorized lesser sentence.
2023 New York Laws › CPL - Criminal Procedure › Part 2 - The Principal Proceedings › Title M - Proceedings After Judgment › Article 470 - Appeals--Determination Thereof › 470.25 - Determination of Appeals by Intermediate Appellate Courts; Form and Content of Order.

§  470.25    Determination  of appeals by intermediate appellate courts;
form and content of order.
1.   An order of an  intermediate  appellate  court  which  affirms  a
judgment,  sentence  or  order  of a criminal court need only state such
affirmance.
2.  An order of an intermediate  appellate  court  which  reverses  or
modifies  a judgment, sentence or order of a criminal court must contain
the following:
(a)  A statement of whether the determination was upon the law or upon
the facts or as a matter of discretion in the interest  of  justice,  or
upon any specified two or all three of such bases; and
(b)  If the decision is rendered without opinion, a brief statement of
the specific grounds of the reversal or modification; and
(c)    A  statement  of the corrective action taken or directed by the
court; and
(d)  If the determination is exclusively upon the law, a statement  of
whether  or  not  the  facts  upon  which the criminal court's judgment,
sentence or order is based have been considered and determined  to  have
been  established.    In the absence of such a statement, it is presumed
that the intermediate appellate court  did  not  consider  or  make  any
determination with respect to such facts.
2023 New York Laws › CPL - Criminal Procedure › Part 2 - The Principal Proceedings › Title M - Proceedings After Judgment › Article 470 - Appeals--Determination Thereof › 470.35 - Determination by Court of Appeals of Appeals From Orders of Intermediate Appellate Courts; Scope of Review.

§  470.35    Determination by court of appeals of appeals from orders of
intermediate appellate courts; scope of review.
1.   Upon an appeal to the court  of  appeals  from  an  order  of  an
intermediate  appellate court affirming a judgment, sentence or order of
a criminal court, the court of appeals may consider  and  determine  not
only questions of law which were raised or considered upon the appeal to
the intermediate appellate court, but also any question of law involving
alleged  error  or defect in the criminal court proceedings resulting in
the original criminal court judgment, sentence or order,  regardless  of
whether  such  question  was  raised,  considered or determined upon the
appeal to the intermediate appellate court.
2.   Upon an appeal to the court  of  appeals  from  an  order  of  an
intermediate appellate court reversing or modifying a judgment, sentence
or  order  of  a  criminal  court, the court of appeals may consider and
determine:
(a)  Any question of law which  was  determined  by  the  intermediate
appellate  court  and  which,  as so determined, constituted a basis for
such court's order of reversal or modification; and
(b)  Any other question of law involving alleged or possible error  or
defect  in  the  criminal  court  proceedings  resulting in the original
judgment, sentence or order which may have adversely affected the  party
who  was  appellant  in  the  intermediate  appellate  court  and who is
respondent in the court of  appeals.    The  court  of  appeals  is  not
precluded  from  considering  and  determining  such  a  question by the
circumstance  that  it  was  not  considered  or   determined   by   the
intermediate  appellate court, or that it did not constitute a basis for
such court's reversal or modification, or that the party  who  may  have
been  adversely  affected  thereby  is  the  respondent  rather than the
appellant in the court of appeals; and the court of appeals, even though
rejecting the intermediate appellate court's reasons for  its  order  of
reversal or modification, may affirm or modify such order upon the basis
of such other questions; and
(c)    Any  question  concerning the legality of the corrective action
taken by the intermediate appellate court.
3.  Upon such an appeal, the court must affirm, reverse or modify  the
intermediate appellate court order.
2023 New York Laws › CPL - Criminal Procedure › Part 2 - The Principal Proceedings › Title M - Proceedings After Judgment › Article 470 - Appeals--Determination Thereof › 470.40 - Determination by Court of Appeals of Appeals From Intermediate Appellate Courts; Corrective Action Upon Reversal or Modification.

§ 470.40  Determination by court of appeals of appeals from intermediate
appellate   courts;  corrective  action  upon  reversal  or
modification.
1.  Upon reversing or modifying an order of an intermediate  appellate
court  affirming a criminal court judgment, sentence or order, the court
of  appeals  must  take  or  direct  such  corrective  action   as   the
intermediate  appellate  court  would,  pursuant to section 470.20, have
been required or authorized  to  take  or  direct  had  it  reversed  or
modified  the  criminal  court judgment, sentence or order upon the same
ground or grounds.
2.   Upon reversing  an  order  of  an  intermediate  appellate  court
reversing or modifying a criminal court judgment, sentence or order upon
the  ground  that  questions  of  law were erroneously determined by the
intermediate appellate court in favor of the  party  appellant  therein,
the court of appeals must take or direct corrective action as follows:
(a)    If  the  facts underlying the original criminal court judgment,
sentence  or  order  were  considered  and  determined  to   have   been
established  by  the  intermediate appellate court, the court of appeals
must reinstate and affirm the original criminal court judgment, sentence
or order and remit the case to such criminal court for whatever  further
proceedings  may  be  necessary  to  complete  the action or proceedings
therein; provided, however, that where such facts  were  applied  to  an
erroneous  determination of law, the court of appeals may remit the case
to the intermediate appellate court for a further determination  of  the
facts;
(b)    If  the  facts underlying the original criminal court judgment,
sentence or order were not, or are presumed not to have been, considered
and determined by the intermediate appellate court, the court of appeals
must  remit  the  case  to  such  intermediate   appellate   court   for
determination of the facts.
3.   Upon modifying an intermediate appellate court order reversing or
modifying a criminal court judgment  or  order,  upon  the  ground  that
corrective  action taken or directed by the intermediate appellate court
was illegal, the court of appeals must either (a) itself take or  direct
the  appropriate  corrective  action  or  (b)  remit  the  case  to  the
intermediate appellate court for appropriate corrective  action  by  the
latter.
2023 New York Laws › CPL - Criminal Procedure › Part 2 - The Principal Proceedings › Title M - Proceedings After Judgment › Article 470 - Appeals--Determination Thereof › 470.45 - Remission of Case by Appellate Court to Criminal Court Upon Reversal or Modification of Judgment; Action by Criminal Court.

§  470.45    Remission of case by appellate court to criminal court upon
reversal or modification of judgment;  action  by  criminal
court.
Upon  reversing  or  modifying  a  judgment  and  directing corrective
  action, an appellate court must remit the case to the criminal court  in
  which  the  judgment was entered.   Such criminal court must execute the
  direction of the appellate court and must, depending upon the nature  of
  such  direction,  either discharge the defendant from custody, exonerate
  his bail or issue a securing order.
2023 New York Laws › CPL - Criminal Procedure › Part 2 - The Principal Proceedings › Title M - Proceedings After Judgment › Article 470 - Appeals--Determination Thereof › 470.50 - Reargument of Appeal; Motion and Criteria For.

§ 470.50  Reargument of appeal; motion and criteria for.
1.    After  its  determination of an appeal taken pursuant to article
  four hundred fifty, an appellate court, in the interest of  justice  and
  for  good  cause  shown,  may  in its discretion, upon motion of a party
  adversely affected by its determination, or upon its own motion, order a
  reargument or reconsideration of the appeal.   Upon such  an  order  the
  court  may either direct further oral argument by the parties or confine
  its reconsideration to re-examination of the issues as previously argued
  or submitted upon the appeal proper.   Upon  ordering  a  reargument  or
  reconsideration  of an appeal, the court must again determine the appeal
  pursuant to the provisions of this article.
2.  The court of appeals may promulgate rules limiting the time within
  which a motion for reargument of appeals determined by such court may be
  made, and the  appellate  division  of  each  department  may  similarly
  promulgate  such  rules  with  respect  to  appeals  determined  by such
  appellate division and appeals  determined  by  the  other  intermediate
  appellate  courts located within such department.  In the absence of any
  such rule of limitation, a motion for reargument  may  be  made  at  any
  time.
2023 New York Laws › CPL - Criminal Procedure › Part 2 - The Principal Proceedings › Title M - Proceedings After Judgment › Article 470 - Appeals--Determination Thereof › 470.55 - Status of Accusatory Instrument Upon Order of New Trial or Restoration of Action to Pre-Pleading Status.

§  470.55    Status  of accusatory instrument upon order of new trial or
restoration of action to pre-pleading status.
1.  Upon a new trial of an accusatory  instrument  resulting  from  an
  appellate  court order reversing a judgment and ordering such new trial,
  such accusatory instrument is deemed to contain all the  counts  and  to
  charge  all  the offenses which it contained and charged at the time the
  previous trial was  commenced,  regardless  of  whether  any  count  was
  dismissed  by  the  court  in the course of such trial, except (a) those
  upon or of which the defendant was acquitted  or  deemed  to  have  been
  acquitted,  and  (b)  those  dismissed  upon  appeal  or upon some other
  post-judgment order.
2.  Upon an appellate court order which reverses a judgment based upon
  a plea of guilty to an accusatory instrument  or  a  part  thereof,  but
  which  does  not  dismiss the entire accusatory instrument, the criminal
  action is, in the absence of express appellate court  direction  to  the
  contrary,  restored  to  its  pre-pleading  status  and  the  accusatory
  instrument is deemed to contain all the counts and  to  charge  all  the
  offenses  which it contained and charged at the time of the entry of the
  plea,  except  those  dismissed  upon  appeal   or   upon   some   other
  post-judgment order.  Where the plea of guilty was entered and accepted,
  pursuant to subdivision three of section 220.30, upon the condition that
  it  constituted  a  complete  disposition  and dismissal not only of the
  accusatory instrument underlying the judgment reversed but also  of  one
  or  more other accusatory instruments against the defendant then pending
  in the same court, the appellate  court  order  of  reversal  completely
  restores  such  other  accusatory instruments; and such is the case even
  where the order of reversal dismisses the entire  accusatory  instrument
  underlying the judgment reversed.
2023 New York Laws › CPL - Criminal Procedure › Part 2 - The Principal Proceedings › Title M - Proceedings After Judgment › Article 470 - Appeals--Determination Thereof › 470.60 - Dismissal of Appeal.

§ 470.60  Dismissal of appeal.
1.     At  any  time  after  an  appeal  has  been  taken  and  before
  determination thereof, the appellate  court  in  which  such  appeal  is
  pending  may,  upon  motion  of  the  respondent or upon its own motion,
  dismiss such appeal upon the ground of mootness, lack of jurisdiction to
  determine it, failure of timely prosecution or  perfection  thereof,  or
  other  substantial  defect,  irregularity  or  failure  of action by the
  appellant with respect to the prosecution or perfection of such appeal.
2.  Such motion must be made upon reasonable notice to  the  appellant
  and with opportunity to be heard.  If the people are the appellant, such
  notice  must  be  served  upon  the appropriate district attorney either
  personally or by ordinary mail.  If the appellant is a  defendant,  such
  notice  must be served upon him by ordinary mail at his last known place
  of residence or, if he is imprisoned, at the institution in which he  is
  confined,  and  similar notice must be served upon the attorney, if any,
  who last appeared for him.  Upon determination of the motion, a copy  of
  the order entered thereon must similarly be served.
3.    Provided  that  a certificate granting leave to appeal is issued
  pursuant to this subdivision, an appeal may  be  taken,  in  the  manner
  prescribed  in  subdivision  four  of  section  460.10,  to the court of
  appeals from an order of an intermediate appellate court  dismissing  an
  appeal  thereto.    Such appeal may be based either upon the ground that
  the dismissal was invalid as a matter of law or upon the ground that  it
  constituted  an  abuse  of discretion.   A certificate granting leave to
  appeal from such an order of dismissal may be issued only by a judge  of
  the  court  of appeals upon an application made in the manner prescribed
  in paragraph (b) of subdivision three of section 460.20.   Upon such  an
  appeal,  the  court  of  appeals  must  either  affirm  or  reverse  the
  intermediate appellate court order.
2023 New York Laws › CPL - Criminal Procedure › Part 3 - Special Proceedings and Miscellaneous Procedures › Title P - Procedures for Securing Attendance at Criminal Actions and Proceedings of Defendants and Witnesses Under Control of Court--Recognizance, Bail › Article 510 - Recognizance, Bail and Commitment-Determination of Application for Recognizance or Bail, Issuance of Securing Orders, and Related Matters › 510.15 - Commitment of Principal Under Seventeen or Eighteen.

§ 510.15 Commitment of principal under seventeen or eighteen.
1.  When  a  principal who is under the age of sixteen is committed to
  the custody of the sheriff the court must direct that the  principal  be
  taken  to  and lodged in a place certified by the office of children and
  family services as a juvenile detention facility for  the  reception  of
  children.    When  a  principal  who  (a)  commencing October first, two
  thousand eighteen, is sixteen years of age; or  (b)  commencing  October
  first,  two  thousand nineteen, is sixteen or seventeen years of age, is
  committed to the custody of the sheriff, the court must direct that  the
  principal  be  taken to and lodged in a place certified by the office of
  children and family services in conjunction with the state commission of
  correction as a specialized secure juvenile detention facility for older
  youth.  Where such a direction is made the  sheriff  shall  deliver  the
  principal  in accordance therewith and such person shall although lodged
  and cared for in a juvenile detention facility continue to be deemed  to
  be  in  the custody of the sheriff. No principal under the age specified
  to whom the provisions of this section may apply shall  be  detained  in
  any  prison, jail, lockup, or other place used for adults convicted of a
  crime or under arrest and charged with the commission of a crime without
  the approval of the office of children and family services  which  shall
  consult  with  the  commission of correction if the principal is sixteen
  years of age or older in the case of each principal and the statement of
  its reasons therefor; nor shall a principal under the age specified  who
  is  charged  solely  with a violation as defined in subdivision three of
  section 10.00 of the penal law be  subject  to  detention.  The  sheriff
  shall  not be liable for any acts done to or by such principal resulting
  from negligence in the detention of and care for  such  principal,  when
  the principal is not in the actual custody of the sheriff.
2.  Except  upon  consent of the defendant or for good cause shown, in
  any case in which a  new  securing  order  is  issued  for  a  principal
  previously  committed  to  the  custody  of the sheriff pursuant to this
  section, such order shall further direct  the  sheriff  to  deliver  the
  principal  from  a  juvenile  detention  facility to the person or place
  specified in the order.
2023 New York Laws › CPL - Criminal Procedure › Part 3 - Special Proceedings and Miscellaneous Procedures › Title P - Procedures for Securing Attendance at Criminal Actions and Proceedings of Defendants and Witnesses Under Control of Court--Recognizance, Bail › Article 510 - Recognizance, Bail and Commitment-Determination of Application for Recognizance or Bail, Issuance of Securing Orders, and Related Matters › 510.20 - Application for a Change in Securing Order.

§ 510.20 Application for a change in securing order.
1.  Upon  any  occasion  when a court has issued a securing order with
respect to a principal and the principal is confined in the  custody  of
the  sheriff  as  a  result of the securing order or a previously issued
securing order, the principal may make an application for  recognizance,
release  under  non-monetary  conditions,  bail, a reduction of bail, or
imposition of non-monetary conditions in  conjunction  with  bail  or  a
reduction of bail.
2.  (a)  The principal is entitled to representation by counsel in the
making and  presentation  of  such  application.  If  the  principal  is
financially  unable  to obtain counsel, counsel shall be assigned to the
principal.
(b)  Upon  such  application,  the  principal  must  be  accorded   an
opportunity  to  be heard, present evidence and to contend that an order
of  recognizance,  release  under  non-monetary  conditions  or,   where
authorized,  bail,  a  reduction  of bail, or imposition of non-monetary
conditions in conjunction with bail or a  reduction  of  bail,  must  or
should  issue,  that  the  court  should  release  the  principal on the
principal's own recognizance or  under  non-monetary  conditions  rather
than fix bail, or where bail has been imposed, reduce the amount of bail
and  impose  non-monetary conditions, where authorized under this title,
and that if bail is authorized and fixed it should  be  in  a  suggested
amount and form.
3. When an application for a change in securing order is brought under
this  section  and  one  or  more of the charge or charges on which such
securing order was based have been dismissed and/or  reduced  such  that
the  securing  order is no longer supported by the provisions of section
510.10 of this article, the court shall impose a new securing  order  in
accordance with such section.
2023 New York Laws › CPL - Criminal Procedure › Part 3 - Special Proceedings and Miscellaneous Procedures › Title P - Procedures for Securing Attendance at Criminal Actions and Proceedings of Defendants and Witnesses Under Control of Court--Recognizance, Bail › Article 510 - Recognizance, Bail and Commitment-Determination of Application for Recognizance or Bail, Issuance of Securing Orders, and Related Matters › 510.30 - Application for Securing Order; Rules of Law and Criteria Controlling Determination.

§ 510.30 Application  for  securing  order;  rules  of  law and criteria
controlling determination.
1. With respect to any principal,  the  court  in  all  cases,  unless
  otherwise  provided  by  law, must impose a securing order in accordance
  with section 510.10 of this article, and shall explain the basis for its
  determination and choice of securing order on the record or in writing.
2. Where the principal is a defendant-appellant in  a  pending  appeal
  from  a  judgment  of  conviction,  the  court  must  also  consider the
  likelihood of ultimate reversal of the judgment.  A  determination  that
  the  appeal  is  palpably  without  merit  alone justifies, but does not
  require, a denial of the application, regardless  of  any  determination
  made  with  respect  to the factors specified in subdivision one of this
  section.
3. When bail or recognizance is ordered, the court  shall  inform  the
  principal,  if  the principal is a defendant charged with the commission
  of a felony, that the release is conditional  and  that  the  court  may
  revoke  the  order  of  release  and  may  be  authorized  to commit the
  principal  to  the  custody  of  the  sheriff  in  accordance  with  the
  provisions  of  subdivision two of section 530.60 of this chapter if the
  principal commits a subsequent felony while at liberty upon such order.
2023 New York Laws › CPL - Criminal Procedure › Part 3 - Special Proceedings and Miscellaneous Procedures › Title P - Procedures for Securing Attendance at Criminal Actions and Proceedings of Defendants and Witnesses Under Control of Court--Recognizance, Bail › Article 510 - Recognizance, Bail and Commitment-Determination of Application for Recognizance or Bail, Issuance of Securing Orders, and Related Matters › 510.43 - Court Appearances: Additional Notifications.

§ 510.43 Court appearances: additional notifications.
1.  The  court  or,  upon direction of the court, a certified pretrial
  services agency, shall notify all principals released under non-monetary
  conditions and on recognizance of all court appearances  in  advance  by
  text  message,  telephone call, electronic mail or first class mail. The
  chief administrator of the courts shall, pursuant to subdivision one  of
  section  10.40 of this chapter, develop a form which shall be offered to
  the principal at court appearances. On such form, which upon  completion
  shall  be  retained in the court file, the principal may select one such
  preferred manner of notice.
2. Such form may request the information necessary for  the  defendant
  to  be  provided  with  notice  in accordance with such single, selected
  manner of notice. After notice of  such  consequence,  a  defendant  who
  intentionally  declines  to  provide  the  information necessary for the
  defendant to be provided with such notice pursuant to this section shall
  forfeit the opportunity to receive such notice until such information is
  timely provided. Any failure by the court or certified pretrial services
  agency to provide notice of a scheduled court appearance in  the  manner
  provided  in  this section shall not in and of itself constitute grounds
  or authorization for the defendant to fail to appear for such  scheduled
  court appearance.
2023 New York Laws › CPL - Criminal Procedure › Part 3 - Special Proceedings and Miscellaneous Procedures › Title P - Procedures for Securing Attendance at Criminal Actions and Proceedings of Defendants and Witnesses Under Control of Court--Recognizance, Bail › Article 510 - Recognizance, Bail and Commitment-Determination of Application for Recognizance or Bail, Issuance of Securing Orders, and Related Matters › 510.50 - Enforcement of Securing Order.

§ 510.50 Enforcement of securing order.
1.  When  the attendance of a principal confined in the custody of the
  sheriff is required at the criminal action or proceeding at a particular
  time and place, the court may compel such attendance  by  directing  the
  sheriff  to  produce  the  principal  at  such  time  and  place. If the
  principal  is  at  liberty  on  the  principal's  own  recognizance   or
  non-monetary  conditions  or  on bail, the principal's attendance may be
  achieved or compelled by various methods, including notification and the
  issuance of a bench warrant, prescribed by law in  provisions  governing
  such matters with respect to the particular kind of action or proceeding
  involved.
2.  Except  when  the  principal  is charged with a new crime while at
  liberty,  absent  relevant,  credible  evidence  demonstrating  that   a
  principal's  failure  to  appear  for  a  scheduled court appearance was
  willful, the court, prior to issuing a bench warrant for  a  failure  to
  appear  for  a  scheduled  court  appearance,  shall  provide  at  least
  forty-eight hours notice to the principal  or  the  principal's  counsel
  that the principal is required to appear, in order to give the principal
  an opportunity to appear voluntarily.
2023 New York Laws › CPL - Criminal Procedure › Part 3 - Special Proceedings and Miscellaneous Procedures › Title P - Procedures for Securing Attendance at Criminal Actions and Proceedings of Defendants and Witnesses Under Control of Court--Recognizance, Bail › Article 520 - Bail and Bail Bonds › 520.10 - Bail and Bail Bonds; Fixing of Bail and Authorized Forms Thereof.

§ 520.10 Bail  and  bail  bonds;  fixing  of  bail  and authorized forms
thereof.
1. The only authorized forms of bail are the following:
(a) Cash bail.
(b) An insurance company bail bond.
(c) A secured surety bond.
(d) A secured appearance bond.
(e) A partially secured surety bond.
(f) A partially secured appearance bond.
(g) An unsecured surety bond.
(h) An unsecured appearance bond.
(i)  Credit  card  or  similar   device;   provided,   however,   that
notwithstanding  any  other provision of law, any person posting bail by
credit card or similar device also may be required to pay  a  reasonable
administrative  fee.  The amount of such administrative fee and the time
and manner of its  payment  shall  be  in  accordance  with  the  system
established  pursuant  to  subdivision  four  of  section 150.30 of this
chapter or paragraph (j) of  subdivision  two  of  section  two  hundred
twelve of the judiciary law, as appropriate.
2. The methods of fixing bail are as follows:
(a)  A  court may designate the amount of the bail without designating
the form or forms in which it may be posted. In such case, the bail  may
be  posted in either of the forms specified in paragraphs (g) and (h) of
subdivision one;
(b) The court shall direct that the bail be posted in any one of three
or more of the forms specified  in  subdivision  one  of  this  section,
designated  in  the  alternative,  and  may  designate different amounts
varying with the forms, except that one of the forms shall be either  an
unsecured or partially secured surety bond, as selected by the court.
2023 New York Laws › CPL - Criminal Procedure › Part 3 - Special Proceedings and Miscellaneous Procedures › Title P - Procedures for Securing Attendance at Criminal Actions and Proceedings of Defendants and Witnesses Under Control of Court--Recognizance, Bail › Article 520 - Bail and Bail Bonds › 520.15 - Bail and Bail Bonds; Posting of Cash Bail.

§ 520.15  Bail and bail bonds; posting of cash bail.
1. Where a court has fixed bail pursuant to subdivision two of section
  520.10,  at  any  time  after  the  principal  has been committed to the
  custody of the sheriff pending the posting thereof,  cash  bail  in  the
  amount  designated  in  the  order fixing bail may be posted even though
  such bail was not specified in such order.  Cash bail may  be  deposited
  with (a) the county treasurer of the county in which the criminal action
  or  proceeding  is  pending  or,  in  the  city  of  New  York  with the
  commissioner of finance, or (b) the court which issued  such  order,  or
  (c) the sheriff in whose custody the principal has been committed.  Upon
  proof  of  the  deposit  of  the designated amount the principal must be
  forthwith released from custody.
2. The person posting cash bail must complete and sign  a  form  which
  states  (a)  the name, residential address and occupation of each person
  posting cash  bail;  and  (b)  the  title  of  the  criminal  action  or
  proceeding  involved;  and  (c)  the  offense  or offenses which are the
  subjects of the action or proceeding involved, and the  status  of  such
  action  or  proceeding; and (d) the name of the principal and the nature
  of his involvement in or connection with such action or proceeding;  and
  (e)  that  the  person  or  persons posting cash bail undertake that the
  principal will appear in such action or proceeding whenever required and
  will at all times render himself amenable to the orders and processes of
  the court; and (f) the date of the principal's next appearance in court;
  and (g) an acknowledgement that the cash bail will be forfeited  if  the
  principal  does  not  comply with any requirement or order of process to
  appear in court; and (h) the amount of money posted as cash bail.
3. Money posted as cash bail is and shall remain the property  of  the
  person posting it unless forfeited to the court.
2023 New York Laws › CPL - Criminal Procedure › Part 3 - Special Proceedings and Miscellaneous Procedures › Title P - Procedures for Securing Attendance at Criminal Actions and Proceedings of Defendants and Witnesses Under Control of Court--Recognizance, Bail › Article 520 - Bail and Bail Bonds › 520.40 - Transfer of Cash Bail From Local Criminal Court to Superior Court.

§  520.40    Transfer of cash bail from local criminal court to superior
court.
When a local criminal court acquires control over  the  person  of  an
  accused  and  such  court designates the amount of bail that the accused
  may post and such bail is posted in cash and subsequently the accused is
  arraigned in superior court where bail  is  fixed  by  such  court,  the
  accused  may  request  that  the  cash bail posted in the local criminal
  court be transferred to the superior court. Notice of such request  must
  be  given  to  the  person who posted cash bail. Upon such a request the
  superior court shall make an order directing the local criminal court to
  transfer the cash bail that it holds to the superior court  for  use  in
  the  superior  court.   If there is an overage, the superior court shall
  order it be paid over to the person who posted  the  cash  bail  in  the
  local  criminal court.  If there is a deficiency, the accused shall post
  additional bail as directed by the superior court.
2023 New York Laws › CPL - Criminal Procedure › Part 3 - Special Proceedings and Miscellaneous Procedures › Title P - Procedures for Securing Attendance at Criminal Actions and Proceedings of Defendants and Witnesses Under Control of Court--Recognizance, Bail › Article 530 - Orders of Recognizance or Bail With Respect to Defendants in Criminal Actions and Proceedings--When and by What Courts Authorized › 530.10 - Order of Recognizance Release Under Non-Monetary Conditions or Bail; in General.

§ 530.10 Order  of recognizance release under non-monetary conditions or
bail; in general.
Under  circumstances  prescribed  in  this  article,  a  court,   upon
  application  of  a defendant charged with or convicted of an offense, is
  required to issue  a  securing  order  for  such  defendant  during  the
  pendency of either:
1. A criminal action based upon such charge; or
2. An appeal taken by the defendant from a judgment of conviction or a
  sentence  or  from an order of an intermediate appellate court affirming
  or modifying a judgment of conviction or a sentence.
2023 New York Laws › CPL - Criminal Procedure › Part 3 - Special Proceedings and Miscellaneous Procedures › Title P - Procedures for Securing Attendance at Criminal Actions and Proceedings of Defendants and Witnesses Under Control of Court--Recognizance, Bail › Article 530 - Orders of Recognizance or Bail With Respect to Defendants in Criminal Actions and Proceedings--When and by What Courts Authorized › 530.30 - Order of Recognizance, Release Under Non-Monetary Conditions or Bail; by Superior Court Judge When Action Is Pending in Local Criminal Court.

§ 530.30 Order of recognizance, release under non-monetary conditions or
bail;  by  superior  court  judge when action is pending in
local criminal court.
1. When a criminal action is pending in a local criminal court,  other
than  one  consisting of a superior court judge sitting as such, a judge
of a  superior  court  holding  a  term  thereof  in  the  county,  upon
application  of  a  defendant,  may  order  recognizance,  release under
non-monetary conditions or,  where  authorized,  bail  when  such  local
criminal court:
(a)  Lacks  authority to issue such an order, pursuant to the relevant
provisions of section 530.20 of this article; or
(b)  Has  denied  an  application  for  recognizance,  release   under
non-monetary conditions or bail; or
(c) Has fixed bail, where authorized, which is excessive; or
(d)  Has set a securing order of release under non-monetary conditions
which are more restrictive  than  necessary  to  reasonably  assure  the
defendant's return to court.
In  such  case, such superior court judge may vacate the order of such
local criminal court and release the defendant on recognizance or  under
non-monetary  conditions,  or  where  authorized,  fix  bail in a lesser
amount or in a less burdensome form, or order non-monetary conditions in
conjunction with fixing bail, including fixing bail in a  lesser  amount
or  in a less burdensome form, the determination for which shall be made
in accordance with section 510.10 of this title. The court shall explain
the basis for its determination and choice  of  securing  order  on  the
record or in writing.
2.  Notwithstanding the provisions of subdivision one of this section,
when the defendant is charged with a felony in a local criminal court, a
superior  court  judge  may  not  order  recognizance,   release   under
non-monetary  conditions or, where authorized, bail unless and until the
district attorney has had an opportunity to be heard in the  matter  and
such  judge  and  counsel  for  the defendant have been furnished with a
report as described in subparagraph (ii) of paragraph (b) of subdivision
two of section 530.20 of this article.
3. Not more than one application may be made pursuant to this section.
2023 New York Laws › CPL - Criminal Procedure › Part 3 - Special Proceedings and Miscellaneous Procedures › Title P - Procedures for Securing Attendance at Criminal Actions and Proceedings of Defendants and Witnesses Under Control of Court--Recognizance, Bail › Article 530 - Orders of Recognizance or Bail With Respect to Defendants in Criminal Actions and Proceedings--When and by What Courts Authorized › 530.80 - Order of Recognizance or Bail; Surrender of Defendant.

§ 530.80  Order of recognizance or bail; surrender of defendant.
1.    At any time before the forfeiture of a bail bond, an obligor may
surrender the  defendant  in  his  exoneration,  or  the  defendant  may
surrender  himself,  to the court in which his case is pending or to the
sheriff to whose custody he was committed at the time of giving bail, in
the following manner:
(a)   A certified copy of the bail  bond  must  be  delivered  to  the
sheriff, who must detain the defendant in his custody thereon, as upon a
commitment.  The sheriff must acknowledge the surrender by a certificate
in  writing,  and  must  forthwith notify the court in which the case is
pending that such surrender has been made.
(b)  Upon the bail bond and the certificate of the  sheriff,  or  upon
the  surrender  to  the  court  in which the case is pending, such court
must, upon five days notice to the district  attorney,  order  that  the
bail  be  exonerated.    On  filing  such  order, the bail is exonerated
accordingly.
2.  For the purpose of surrendering the defendant, an obligor  or  the
person  who posted cash bail for the defendant may take him into custody
at any place within the  state,  or  he  may,  by  a  written  authority
indorsed  on  a certified copy of the bail bond, empower any person over
twenty years of age to do so.
3.  At any time before the forfeiture of cash bail, the defendant  may
surrender  himself  or  the person who posted bail for the defendant may
surrender the defendant in the manner prescribed in subdivision one.  In
such case, the court must order a return of the money to the person  who
posted  it,  upon  producing  the certificate of the sheriff showing the
surrender, and upon a notice of five days to the district attorney.
2023 New York Laws › CPL - Criminal Procedure › Part 3 - Special Proceedings and Miscellaneous Procedures › Title P - Procedures for Securing Attendance at Criminal Actions and Proceedings of Defendants and Witnesses Under Control of Court--Recognizance, Bail › Article 540 - Forfeiture of Bail and Remission Thereof › 540.10 - Forfeiture of Bail; Generally.

§ 540.10  Forfeiture of bail; generally.
1.    If,  without sufficient excuse, a principal does not appear when
  required or does not render himself amenable to the orders and processes
  of the criminal court wherein bail has been posted, the court must enter
  such facts upon its minutes and the bail bond or the cash bail,  as  the
  case may be, is thereupon forfeited.
2.   If the principal appears at any time before the final adjournment
  of the court, and satisfactorily excuses  his  neglect,  the  court  may
  direct  the forfeiture to be discharged upon such terms as are just.  If
  the forfeiture is not so discharged and the forfeited bail consisted  of
  a bail bond, the district attorney, within one hundred twenty days after
  the  adjournment  of  the  court  at  which such bond was directed to be
  forfeited, must proceed against the obligor  or  obligors  who  executed
  such  bond,  in  the  manner  prescribed  in subdivision three.   If the
  forfeited bail consisted of cash bail, the county treasurer with whom it
  is deposited shall give written notice of the forfeiture to  the  person
  who  posted  cash bail for the defendant may at any time after the final
  adjournment of the court or forty-five days after notice  of  forfeiture
  required  herein  has been given, whichever comes later, apply the money
  deposited to the use of the county.
3.  A bail bond or cash bail, upon being forfeited,  together  with  a
  certified  copy  of  the order of the court forfeiting the same, must be
  filed by the district attorney in the office of the clerk of the  county
  wherein  such  order was issued.  Such clerk must docket the same in the
  book kept by him for docketing of judgments and enter therein a judgment
  against the obligor or obligors who executed  such  bail  bond  for  the
  amount  of the penalty of said bond or against the person who posted the
  cash bail for the amount  of  the  cash  bail,  and  the  bond  and  the
  certified copy of the order of the court forfeiting the bond or the cash
  bail  constitutes the judgment roll. Such judgment constitutes a lien on
  the real estate of the obligor or obligors who executed such  bail  bond
  from  the time of the entry of the judgment.  An execution may be issued
  to collect the amount of said bail bond in the same form  and  with  the
  same  effect  as  upon  a judgment recovered in an action in said county
  upon a debt in favor of the people of the state of New York against such
  obligor or obligors.
2023 New York Laws › CPL - Criminal Procedure › Part 3 - Special Proceedings and Miscellaneous Procedures › Title P - Procedures for Securing Attendance at Criminal Actions and Proceedings of Defendants and Witnesses Under Control of Court--Recognizance, Bail › Article 540 - Forfeiture of Bail and Remission Thereof › 540.20 - Forfeiture of Bail; Certain Local Criminal Courts.

§ 540.20 Forfeiture of bail; certain local criminal courts.
Notwithstanding  the  provisions of section 540.10, when bail has been
posted in a city court, town court or village court in connection with a
local  criminal  court  accusatory  instrument,  other  than  a   felony
complaint,  and  thereafter  such bail is forfeited, the following rules
are applicable:
1.  If such bail consists of a bail bond,  the  financial  officer  of
such  city,  town  or  village  must promptly commence an action for the
recovery of the sum of money specified in such bond, and upon collection
thereof shall pay the same over to the treasurer or financial officer of
the city, the supervisor of the town or the treasurer  of  the  village.
Any  amount  recovered in such action, unless otherwise provided by law,
shall be the property of the city, town or village in which the  offense
charged is alleged to have been committed.
2. If such bail consists of cash bail, the local criminal court must:
(a)  If it is a city court, pay the forfeited bail to the treasurer or
other financial officer of  the  city.    Such  forfeited  bail,  unless
otherwise provided by law, is the property of such city.
(b)  If  it is a town court or a village court, pay the forfeited bail
to the state comptroller on or before the tenth day of  the  month  next
succeeding  such  forfeiture.  Such  forfeited  bail,  unless  otherwise
provided by law, is the property of the town or  village  in  which  the
offense  charged  is  alleged to have been committed; provided, however,
that when (i) a single amount of bail is posted for more than  a  single
offense  charged,  and  (ii)  the town or village justice court does not
attribute a specific amount of bail to each offense, and (iii) forfeited
bail for at least two of the offenses would be the property of different
governmental entities, the entire amount of forfeited bail shall be  the
property  of  the  town  or  village  in  which the offenses charged are
alleged to have been committed, except that, when forfeited bail for  at
least one of the offenses would be the property of the state, the entire
amount of forfeited bail shall be the property of the state.
2023 New York Laws › CPL - Criminal Procedure › Part 3 - Special Proceedings and Miscellaneous Procedures › Title P - Procedures for Securing Attendance at Criminal Actions and Proceedings of Defendants and Witnesses Under Control of Court--Recognizance, Bail › Article 540 - Forfeiture of Bail and Remission Thereof › 540.30 - Remission of Forfeiture.

§ 540.30  Remission of forfeiture.
1.    After the forfeiture of a bail bond or cash bail, as provided in
section 540.10, an application for remission of such forfeiture  may  be
made to a court as follows:
(a)    If  the  forfeiture  has  been ordered by a superior court, the
application must be made in such court;
(b) If the forfeiture has been ordered by a local criminal court,  the
application  must be made to a superior court in the county, except that
if the local criminal court which ordered the forfeiture was a  district
court, the application may alternatively be made to that district court.
2.   The application must be made within one year after the forfeiture
of the bail is declared upon at least five days notice to  the  district
attorney  and  service of copies of the affidavits and papers upon which
the application is founded.   The court may grant  the  application  and
remit  the  forfeiture or any part thereof, upon such terms as are just.
The application may be granted  only  upon  payment  of  the  costs  and
expenses  incurred  in  the  proceedings  for  the  enforcement  of  the
forfeiture.
2023 New York Laws › CPL - Criminal Procedure › Part 3 - Special Proceedings and Miscellaneous Procedures › Title Q - Procedures for Securing Attendance at Criminal Actions and Proceedings of Defendants Not Securable by Conventional Means--and Related Matters › Article 550 - Securing Attendance of Defendants--in General › 550.10 - Securing Attendance of Defendants; in General.

§ 550.10  Securing attendance of defendants; in general.
Depending  upon  the  status  of  a  criminal action pending against a
defendant, the geographical location of the defendant at  the  time  and
other  factors,  his  attendance  thereat for purposes of arraignment or
prosecution may be secured by the following methods:
1.  If the defendant has never been arraigned in the action, and if he
is at  liberty  within  the  state,  his  attendance  may,  under  given
circumstances,  be  secured  by  a  warrant  of arrest, as prescribed in
article one hundred twenty, a  superior  court  warrant  of  arrest,  as
prescribed  in  subdivision  three  of  section 210.10, or a summons, as
prescribed in article one hundred thirty.
2.  If the defendant has been arraigned in the action and,  by  virtue
of  a  securing  order,  is  either  in the custody of the sheriff or at
liberty within the state  on  his  own  recognizance  or  on  bail,  his
attendance may be secured as follows:
(a)    If the defendant is confined in the custody of the sheriff, the
court may direct the sheriff to produce him;
(b)  If the defendant is at liberty within the state as a result of an
order releasing him on his own recognizance or on bail,  the  court  may
secure  his  attendance  by  notification  or by the issuance of a bench
warrant.
3.  If  the  defendant's  attendance  cannot  be  secured  by  methods
described  in subdivisions one and two, either because he is outside the
state or because he is confined in an institution within the state as  a
result  of  an  order issued in some other action, proceeding or matter,
his  attendance  may,  under  indicated  circumstances,  be  secured  by
procedures prescribed in the ensuing articles of this title.