reglab/statecodes huggingface dataset:
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 7 - Landlord and Tenant › 235-D - Harassment.

§  235-d.  Harassment.  1. Notwithstanding any other provision of law,
  within a city having a population of one million or more,  it  shall  be
  unlawful  and shall constitute harassment for any landlord of a building
  which at any time was occupied for manufacturing or warehouse  purposes,
  or  other  person  acting  on  his  behalf,  to  engage in any course of
  conduct, including, but  not  limited  to  intentional  interruption  or
  discontinuance  or  willful  failure  to  restore  services  customarily
  provided or required by written lease or other rental  agreement,  which
  interferes  with  or  disturbs  the comfort, repose, peace or quiet of a
  tenant in the tenant's use or occupancy of rental space if such  conduct
  is  intended  to  cause  the  tenant  (i)  to  vacate a building or part
  thereof; or (ii) to surrender or waive any rights of such  tenant  under
  the tenant's written lease or other rental agreement.
2.  The  lawful termination of a tenancy or lawful refusal to renew or
  extend a written lease or other rental agreement  shall  not  constitute
  harassment for purposes of this section.
3.  As  used  in this section the term "tenant" means only a person or
  business occupying or residing at the premises  pursuant  to  a  written
  lease  or  other  rental  agreement,  if  such premises are located in a
  building which at any time was occupied for manufacturing  or  warehouse
  purposes  and  a  certificate  of  occupancy for residential use of such
  building is not in effect at the  time  of  the  last  alleged  acts  or
  incidents upon which the harassment claim is based.
4. A tenant may apply to the supreme court for an order enjoining acts
  or  practices  which constitute harassment under subdivision one of this
  section; and upon sufficient showing, the  supreme  court  may  issue  a
  temporary or permanent injunction, restraining order or other order, all
  of  which  may,  as  the  court  determines in the exercise of its sound
  discretion, be granted without bond. In the event  the  court  issues  a
  preliminary  injunction it shall make provision for an expeditious trial
  of the underlying action.
5. The powers and remedies set forth  in  this  section  shall  be  in
  addition  to  all  other  powers  and remedies in relation to harassment
  including the award  of  damages.  Nothing  contained  herein  shall  be
  construed  to  amend, repeal, modify or affect any existing local law or
  ordinance, or provision of the charter or  administrative  code  of  the
  city of New York, or to limit or restrict the power of the city to amend
  or  modify any existing local law, ordinance or provision of the charter
  or administrative code, or to restrict  or  limit  any  power  otherwise
  conferred by law with respect to harassment.
6.  Any  agreement  by  a  tenant  in  a written lease or other rental
  agreement waiving or modifying his rights as set forth in  this  section
  shall be void as contrary to public policy.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 7 - Landlord and Tenant › 235-E - Duty to Provide a Written Receipt.

§  235-e.  Duty  to provide a written receipt. (a) Upon the receipt of
the payment of rent for residential premises in the form of cash, or any
instrument other than the personal check of the lessee, it shall be  the
duty  of  the  lessor,  or any agent of the lessor authorized to receive
rent, to provide the  lessee  with  a  written  receipt  containing  the
following:
1. The date;
2. The amount;
3. The identity of the premises and period for which paid; and
4. The signature and title of the person receiving the rent.
(b)  A lessee may request, in writing, that a lessor provide a receipt
for rent paid by personal check. If such request is made, the lessor, or
any agent of the lessor authorized to receive rent,  shall  provide  the
lessee  with  the  receipt described in subdivision (a) of this section.
Such request shall, unless otherwise specified by the lessee, remain  in
effect  for  the  duration  of  such  lessee's tenancy. The lessor shall
maintain a record of all cash receipts  for  rent  for  at  least  three
years.
(c)  If a payment of rent is personally transmitted to a lessor, or an
agent of a lessor authorized to  receive  rent,  the  receipt  for  such
payment shall be issued immediately to a lessee. If a payment of rent is
transmitted  indirectly  to a lessor, or an agent of a lessor authorized
to receive rent, a lessee  shall  be  provided  with  a  receipt  within
fifteen days of such lessor or agent's receipt of a rent payment.
(d)  If  a lessor, or an agent of a lessor authorized to receive rent,
fails to receive payment for rent within five days of the date specified
in a lease agreement, such lessor or agent shall  send  the  lessee,  by
certified  mail,  a  written  notice stating the failure to receive such
rent payment. The failure of a  lessor,  or  any  agent  of  the  lessor
authorized to receive rent, to provide a lessee with a written notice of
the  non-payment  of  rent may be used as an affirmative defense by such
lessee in an eviction proceeding  based  on  the  non-payment  of  rent.
Notwithstanding  the provisions of this subdivision, a lessor which is a
cooperative  housing  corporation,  other  than  a  cooperative  housing
corporation  subject  to  the  provisions  of article two, article four,
article five or article eleven of the private housing finance  law,  may
provide  for  a method of sending notice by mail other than by certified
mail, as long as such method of sending notice is provided  for  in  the
proprietary  lease  or occupancy agreement, and the lessee is a dwelling
unit owner or shareholder of such cooperative housing corporation.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 7 - Landlord and Tenant › 235-G - Electronic Billing And/or Payment of Rent.

§  235-g.  Electronic  billing  and/or  payment of rent. 1. A landlord
  shall not require a lessee or tenant to use an electronic billing and/or
  payment system as the only method for the payment of  rent.  A  landlord
  shall  not  assess  any  fee or other charge for a lessee or tenant that
  chooses not to use an electronic billing and/or payment system.
2. Any agreement by a lessee  or  tenant  of  a  dwelling  waiving  or
  modifying  his  or her rights as set forth in this section shall be void
  as contrary to public policy.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 7 - Landlord and Tenant › 235-H - Waiver of Right to Bring a Declaratory Judgment Action.

§  235-h.  Waiver  of right to bring a declaratory judgment action. No
  commercial lease shall contain any provision waiving or prohibiting  the
  right  of any tenant to bring a declaratory judgment action with respect
  to any provision, term  or  condition  of  such  commercial  lease.  The
  inclusion  of  any  such waiver provision in a commercial lease shall be
  null and void as against public policy.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 7 - Landlord and Tenant › 235-I - Unreasonable Tenant Fees for Reproductions of Keys.

§  235-i.  Unreasonable  tenant  fees  for  reproductions  of  keys. A
  landlord shall not charge a tenant a fee for the reproduction of keys to
  a single dwelling greater than one hundred ten  percent  of  the  actual
  cost  of  reproduction,  provided  such  limitation shall not apply if a
  tenant requires the reproduction of keys for a single dwelling more than
  three times in a calendar year.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 7 - Landlord and Tenant › 236 - Assignment of Lease of a Deceased Tenant.

§  236.  Assignment of lease of a deceased tenant. Notwithstanding any
  contrary provision contained in any lease hereafter made  which  affects
  premises  demised  for  residential  use,  or partly for residential and
  partly for  professional  use,  the  executor,  administrator  or  legal
  representative  of a deceased tenant under such a lease, may request the
  landlord thereunder to consent to the assignment of such a lease, or  to
  the  subletting  of  the premises demised thereby. Such request shall be
  accompanied by the written consent thereto of any co-tenant or guarantor
  of such lease and a statement of the name, business and  home  addresses
  of the proposed assignee or sublessee. Within ten days after the mailing
  of  such request, the landlord may ask the sender thereof for additional
  information as will enable the landlord to  determine  if  rejection  of
  such request shall be unreasonable. Within thirty days after the mailing
  of  the request for consent, or of the additional information reasonably
  asked for by the landlord, whichever is later, the landlord shall send a
  notice to the sender thereof of his election to terminate said lease  or
  to grant or refuse his consent. Landlord's failure to send such a notice
  shall  be  deemed  to  be  a  consent  to  the  proposed  assignment  or
  subletting. If the landlord consents, said  lease  may  be  assigned  in
  accordance with the request provided a written agreement by the assignee
  assuming  the performance of the tenant's obligations under the lease is
  delivered to  the  landlord  in  form  reasonably  satisfactory  to  the
  landlord,  or the premises may be sublet in accordance with the request,
  as the case may be, but the estate of the deceased tenant, and any other
  tenant thereunder, shall nevertheless remain liable for the  performance
  of  tenant's  obligations  under  said lease. If the landlord terminates
  said lease or unreasonably refuses his  consent,  said  lease  shall  be
  deemed  terminated,  and the estate of the deceased tenant and any other
  tenant thereunder shall be discharged from further liability  thereunder
  as  of  the last day of the calendar month during which the landlord was
  required hereunder to exercise his option. If  the  landlord  reasonably
  refuses his consent, said lease shall continue in full force and effect,
  subject to the right to make further requests for consent hereunder. Any
  request,  notice  or  communication  required  or authorized to be given
  hereunder shall be sent by registered or certified mail, return  receipt
  requested.  This  act  shall  not  apply to a proprietary lease, viz.: a
  lease to, or held by, a tenant entitled thereto by reason  of  ownership
  of  stock  in a corporate owner of premises which operates the same on a
  cooperative basis. Any waiver of any part of this section shall be  void
  as against public policy.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 7 - Landlord and Tenant › 236-A - Termination of Lease of a Deceased Tenant.

* §  236-a. Termination of lease of a deceased tenant. Notwithstanding
  any contrary provision contained in any lease hereafter made or  renewed
  which  affects  premises  demised  for  residential  use,  or partly for
  residential and partly for professional use, the executor, administrator
  or legal representative of a deceased tenant under such  a  lease  shall
  have  the  option  to  terminate  such  a lease upon notice given to the
  landlord. Such termination shall be effective as of the  date  on  which
  the  tenant's  estate notifies the landlord of its election to terminate
  and surrenders possession of the premises. Such termination option shall
  be accompanied by the  written  consent  thereto  of  any  co-tenant  or
  guarantor  of  such lease. Nothing in this section shall be construed to
  relieve the tenant's estate of liability for  rent  money  or  any  debt
  incurred  prior  to  the  date  of  termination  of the lease, including
  damages to the premises and any expenses the landlord  may  incur  as  a
  direct  result  of  the  tenant's death, except that the tenant's estate
  shall not be liable for damages or  any  other  penalty  for  breach  of
  inadequate notice as a result of terminating a lease under this section.
  Any notice or communication required or authorized to be given hereunder
  shall be sent by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested.
  This  section  shall not apply to a proprietary lease, viz.: a lease to,
  or held by, a tenant entitled thereto by reason of ownership of stock in
  a corporate owner of premises which operates the same on  a  cooperative
  basis.  Any  waiver of any part of this section shall be void as against
  public policy.
* NB Effective February 15, 2024
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 7 - Landlord and Tenant › 237 - Discrimination in Leases With Respect to Bearing of Children.

§  237.  Discrimination in leases with respect to bearing of children.
  Any person, firm or corporation owning or having in charge any apartment
  house, tenement house or other building or mobile  home  park  used  for
  dwelling  purposes  who  shall,  in any lease of any or part of any such
  building or mobile home park,  have  a  clause  therein  providing  that
  during  the term thereof the tenants shall remain childless or shall not
  bear children, shall be guilty of a violation.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 7 - Landlord and Tenant › 237-A - Discrimination Against Children in Dwelling Houses and Manufactured Home Parks.

§  237-a.  Discrimination  against  children  in  dwelling  houses and
manufactured home parks. a. Any person, firm or  corporation  owning  or
having  in  charge any apartment house, tenement house or other building
or manufactured home park used for dwelling purposes who shall refuse to
rent any or part of any such building or manufactured home park  to  any
person  or  family,  or  who  discriminates in the terms, conditions, or
privileges of any such rental, solely on the ground that such person  or
family  has or have a child or children shall be guilty of a misdemeanor
and on conviction thereof shall be punished by a fine of not  less  than
fifty  nor  more  than  one  hundred dollars for each offense; provided,
however, the prohibition  against  discrimination  against  children  in
dwelling  houses  and  manufactured home parks contained in this section
shall not apply to:
(1)  housing  units  for  senior  citizens  subsidized,  insured,   or
guaranteed by the federal government; or
(2)  one  or two family owner occupied dwelling houses or manufactured
homes; or
(3) manufactured home parks intended and  operated  for  occupancy  by
persons fifty-five years of age or older. In determining whether housing
is  intended  and  operated for occupancy by persons fifty-five years of
age or older, Sec. 807(b)(2)(c)(42 U.S.C. 3607(b)(2)(c)) of the  federal
Fair Housing Act of 1988, as amended, shall apply.
b. Civil liability:
(1)  where  discriminatory  conduct  prohibited  by  this  section has
occurred, an aggrieved individual shall have a cause of  action  in  any
court   of   appropriate   jurisdiction  for  damages,  declaratory  and
injunctive relief;
(2) in all actions brought under this section,  reasonable  attorney's
fees  as  determined  by  the  court  may  be  awarded  to  a prevailing
plaintiff.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 7A - Portable Kerosene Heaters › 239 - Legislative Findings.

§  239.  Legislative  findings.  The  legislature  recognizes that the
  ever-increasing cost of home heating has resulted in widespread consumer
  interest in the use of portable kerosene heaters.  Because  there  is  a
  wide  variety  of  kerosene  heaters,  including  different  designs and
  intended purposes, the public interest requires that those heaters which
  are  used  in  residential  structures  meet  certain  safety  standards
  designed  to  insure  that  they  are  reasonably safe for that purpose.
  Accordingly, it is the intent of this article to protect the  public  by
  establishing  standards  which  will  permit  the use of reasonably safe
  heaters in residential structures.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 7A - Portable Kerosene Heaters › 239-B - Only Approved Portable Kerosene Heaters Permitted in Structures.

§   239-b.  Only  approved  portable  kerosene  heaters  permitted  in
  structures. Portable kerosene heaters which do not meet the requirements
  of subdivision seven  of  section  two  hundred  thirty-nine-a  of  this
  article  are  prohibited  in  structures.  It  shall be unlawful for any
  person (1) to use  any  portable  kerosene  heater  except  an  approved
  portable kerosene heater in any portion of a structure, or (2) being the
  owner  of such structure, to provide or place or cause to be provided or
  placed in any portion of  a  structure,  any  portable  kerosene  heater
  except  an  approved portable kerosene heater for use by any occupant of
  such structure.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 7A - Portable Kerosene Heaters › 239-C - Approval by the Secretary of State.

§  239-c.  Approval  by  the  secretary  of  state. After April first,
  nineteen hundred  eighty-two,  no  portable  kerosene  heater  shall  be
  offered for sale in this state for use in a structure unless it has been
  approved  by  the  secretary  of  state  or his designee. In determining
  whether to approve a portable kerosene heater for sale, the secretary of
  state shall consider whether the heater  meets  (1)  the  standards  set
  forth  in subdivision seven of section two hundred thirty-nine-a of this
  article, and (2) any additional standards which the secretary  of  state
  reasonably  believes  are  required  to  effectuate the purposes of this
  article as set forth in section two hundred thirty-nine of this article.
  The secretary of state may promulgate reasonable rules  and  regulations
  setting  forth  the procedure by which portable kerosene heaters will be
  reviewed for approval.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 7A - Portable Kerosene Heaters › 239-D - Sale of Unapproved Portable Kerosene Heaters.

§  239-d. Sale of unapproved portable kerosene heaters. All unapproved
  portable kerosene heaters offered for sale  in  this  state  shall  have
  printed  thereon  or  attached  thereto and on the package in which such
  heater is sold the following statement: "This heater is not approved for
  residential or commercial use." There shall also be printed  thereon  or
  attached  thereto  and  on the package in which such heater is sold such
  other information as may be required by the secretary of state.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 7A - Portable Kerosene Heaters › 239-F - Penalties for Violation.

§  239-f.  Penalties  for  violation. Any person who shall violate any
  provision of this article shall be guilty of a  misdemeanor,  punishable
  for  each  offense  by  a  fine  not exceeding one hundred dollars or by
  imprisonment for a period of not more than ninety days.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 7A - Portable Kerosene Heaters › 239-G - Application of Article.

§  239-g.  Application  of  article.  1.  This  article  shall  not be
  applicable to any city having a population in  excess  of  five  hundred
  thousand.
2.  Nothing  in  this article shall be construed to permit the sale or
  use of any portable kerosene heater in any municipality  in  which  such
  use or sale is restricted or prohibited by any general, special or local
  law or rule or regulation.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 8 - Conveyances and Mortgages › 240 - Definitions and Use of Terms.

§  240.  Definitions  and  use of terms. 1. The term "heirs," or other
  words of inheritance, are not requisite to create or convey an estate in
  fee.
2. The term "conveyance," as used  in  this  article,  includes  every
  instrument,  in  writing, except a will, by which any estate or interest
  in real property is created, transferred, assigned or surrendered.
3. Every instrument creating, transferring, assigning or  surrendering
  an  estate  or  interest in real property must be construed according to
  the intent of the parties, so far as such intent can  be  gathered  from
  the whole instrument, and is consistent with the rules of law.
4.  The  terms  "estate" and "interest in real property" include every
  such estate and interest,  freehold  or  chattel,  legal  or  equitable,
  present or future, vested or contingent.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 8 - Conveyances and Mortgages › 240-B - Certain Conveyances Authorized; Effect Thereof.

§ 240-b. Certain conveyances authorized; effect thereof. 1. Any person
  or persons owning real property or an interest in real property which he
  or  they  have  power to convey, may effectively convey such property or
  interest by a conveyance naming himself or themselves and another person
  or persons, or one or more of themselves and  another  person  or  other
  persons,  as  grantees,  and  the  conveyance  has the same effect as to
  whether it creates an estate in severalty, a joint tenancy, or a tenancy
  by the entirety, or tenancy in common, as if it were a conveyance from a
  stranger who owned the property or interest  to  the  persons  named  as
  grantees in the conveyance.
2. Any two or more persons owning real property or an interest in real
  property  which  they  have power to convey, may effectively convey such
  property or interest by a conveyance naming one, or more  than  one,  or
  all  such  persons, as grantees, and the conveyance has the same effect,
  as to whether it creates an estate in severalty, or a joint tenancy,  or
  a  tenancy  by  the  entirety,  or  tenancy  in  common, as if it were a
  conveyance from a stranger who owned the property  or  interest  to  the
  persons named as grantees in the conveyance.
3.  As  used  in  this  section,  "person" may be a married person and
  "persons" may be persons married to each other.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 8 - Conveyances and Mortgages › 240-C - Joint Tenancy Severance.

§ 240-c. Joint tenancy severance. 1. In addition to any other means by
which a joint tenancy with right of survivorship may be severed, a joint
tenant  may  unilaterally sever a joint tenancy in real property without
consent of any non-severing joint tenant or tenants by:
(a) Execution and delivery of a deed that conveys legal title  to  the
severing  joint  tenant's  interest  to  a  third person, whether or not
pursuant to an agreement requiring the third person  to  reconvey  legal
title to the severing joint tenant; or
(b)  Execution  of  a  written instrument that evidences the intent to
sever the joint tenancy, including a deed that names the severing tenant
as the direct grantee of the severing tenant's interest.
2. No severance of a joint tenancy pursuant to subdivision one of this
section shall terminate the right of survivorship  of  any  non-severing
joint  tenant or tenants as to the severing tenant's interest unless the
deed or written instrument effecting the severance is recorded, prior to
the death of the severing tenant, in the county where the real  property
is located.
3. Nothing in this section shall limit the manner or effect of:
(a)  A  severance  of a joint tenancy pursuant to a written instrument
executed by all joint tenants, or pursuant to a written agreement of all
joint tenants.
(b) A severance of a joint tenancy effected by a  deed  from  a  joint
tenant to another joint tenant.
(c) A severance ordered by a court of competent jurisdiction.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 8 - Conveyances and Mortgages › 243 - Grant of Fee or Freehold.

§  243.  Grant  of  fee  or  freehold. A grant in fee or of a freehold
  estate, must be subscribed  by  the  person  from  whom  the  estate  or
  interest  conveyed is intended to pass, or by his lawful agent thereunto
  authorized in writing. If not duly  acknowledged  before  its  delivery,
  according  to the provisions of this chapter, its execution and delivery
  must be attested by at least one witness, or, if  not  so  attested,  it
  does  not  take effect as against a subsequent purchaser or incumbrancer
  until so acknowledged.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 8 - Conveyances and Mortgages › 244 - When Grant Takes Effect.

§  244.  When  grant takes effect. A grant takes effect, so as to vest
  the estate or interest intended to be conveyed, only from its  delivery;
  and  all  the  rules of law, now in force, in respect to the delivery of
  deeds, apply to grants hereafter executed.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 8 - Conveyances and Mortgages › 245 - Estate Which Passes by Grant or Devise.

§  245.  Estate  which passes by grant or devise. A grant or devise of
  real property passes all the  estate  or  interest  of  the  grantor  or
  testator  unless the intent to pass a less estate or interest appears by
  the express terms of such grant or devise or  by  necessary  implication
  therefrom.  A  greater  estate or interest does not pass by any grant or
  conveyance, than the grantor possessed or could lawfully convey, at  the
  time of the delivery of the deeds; except that every grant is conclusive
  against  the  grantor and his heirs claiming from him by descent, and as
  against a subsequent purchaser or incumbrancer  from  such  grantor,  or
  from  such  heirs claiming as such, other than a subsequent purchaser or
  incumbrancer in  good  faith  and  for  a  valuable  consideration,  who
  acquires  a  superior  title  by  a  conveyance that has been first duly
  recorded.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 8 - Conveyances and Mortgages › 246 - Certain Deeds Declared Grants.

§  246.  Certain deeds declared grants. Deeds of bargain and sale, and
  of lease and release, may continue to be used;  and  are  to  be  deemed
  grants, subject to all the provisions of law in relation thereto.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 8 - Conveyances and Mortgages › 247 - Conveyance by Tenant for Life or Years of Greater Estate Than Possessed.

§  247.  Conveyance by tenant for life or years of greater estate than
  possessed.   A conveyance made by a tenant  for  life  or  years,  of  a
  greater  estate than he possesses, or can lawfully convey, does not work
  a forfeiture of his estate, but passes to the  grantee  all  the  title,
  estate or interest which such tenant can lawfully convey.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 8 - Conveyances and Mortgages › 248 - Effect of Conveyance Where Property Is Leased.

§ 248. Effect of conveyance where property is leased. An attornment to
  a  grantee  is  not  requisite  to  the validity of a conveyance of real
  property occupied by a tenant, or of the rents or  profits  thereof,  or
  any other interest therein. But the payment of rent to a grantor, by his
  tenant,  before  notice  of  the  conveyance, binds the grantee; and the
  tenant is not liable to such grantee, before such notice, for the breach
  of any condition of the lease.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 8 - Conveyances and Mortgages › 249 - Covenants in Mortgages.

§  249.  Covenants  in mortgages. A mortgage of real property does not
  imply a covenant for the payment of the sum intended to be secured;  and
  where such covenant is not expressed in the mortgage, or a bond or other
  separate  instrument  to  secure  such  payment  has not been given, the
  remedies of the mortgagee are confined to the property mentioned in  the
  mortgage.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 8 - Conveyances and Mortgages › 252 - Lineal and Collateral Warranties Abolished.

§   252.  Lineal  and  collateral  warranties  abolished.  Lineal  and
  collateral warranties, with all their incidents,  have  been  abolished;
  but  the  heirs  and  devisees  of  a person, who has made a covenant or
  agreement, are answerable thereon, to the extent of  the  real  property
  descended  or devised to them, in the cases and in the manner prescribed
  by law.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 8 - Conveyances and Mortgages › 254-A - Right of Election of Mortgagee in Certain Cases.

§ 254-a. Right of election of mortgagee in certain cases. If a bond or
  note,  or the mortgage on real property, improved by a one to six family
  residence occupied by the owner, securing the payment of same,  contains
  (1)  a  provision  whereby the mortgagee retains the right to accelerate
  the due date for payment of the balance of principal upon a transfer  or
  sale  of  such  real  property  or  by  alienation of title of such real
  property due to an act or operation of law,  and  (2)  a  provision  for
  payment  of  any  charge,  however  denominated,  in  the  nature  of  a
  prepayment fee and if a mortgagor sells or transfers his property or  if
  title  to  the  mortgaged property is transferred by act or operation of
  law and the purchaser requests permission to assume the mortgage or take
  the mortgaged premises subject to the mortgage, but the  mortgagee  does
  not  consent  to such request and thereby necessitates prepayment of the
  mortgage, the mortgagee shall  not  levy  a  prepayment  fee;  provided,
  however,  that  the  provisions  of  this section shall not apply to the
  extent  such  provisions  are  inconsistent  with  any  federal  law  or
  regulation.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 8 - Conveyances and Mortgages › 254-B - Limitation on Late Charges.

§  254-b.  Limitation  on  late  charges. 1. If a bond or note, or the
  mortgage on real property, heretofore or hereafter made, improved  by  a
  one  to six family residence occupied by the owner, securing the payment
  of same, or a note representing a loan for the purpose of financing  the
  purchase  of  an  ownership  interest  in, and proprietary lease from, a
  corporation or partnership formed for the  purpose  of  the  cooperative
  ownership  of  residential real estate, contains a provision whereby the
  mortgagee or lender retains the right to collect a late  charge  on  any
  instalment  which  has become due and remains unpaid, such charge on any
  such delinquent instalment, regardless  of  the  period  it  remains  in
  default,  shall  not  exceed and shall only be enforced to the extent of
  two percent of such delinquent instalment; provided,  however,  that  no
  charge shall be imposed on any instalment paid within fifteen days after
  the  due  date.  No  such late charge shall be deducted from any regular
  instalment payment by the mortgagor or borrower, but shall be separately
  charged and collected by the mortgagee or lender. In the  absence  of  a
  specific  provision  in  a  bond, note or mortgage no late charge on any
  delinquent  instalment  shall  be  assessed  or  collected.   The   term
  "instalment"  shall  include amounts representing interest, amortization
  of principal and payments in respect of insurance  premiums,  taxes  and
  utility  charges  if  the bond, note or mortgage provides for collection
  thereof by the mortgagee.
2. The provisions in this section shall  not  apply  to  any  loan  or
  forbearance  insured  by the federal housing commissioner or for which a
  commitment to insure has been made by the federal  housing  commissioner
  or  to  any  loan  or  forbearance insured or guaranteed pursuant to the
  provisions of an act of congress entitled "Servicemen's Readjustment Act
  of  1944",  or  to  the  extent  the  provisions  of  this  section  are
  inconsistent with any other federal law or regulation.
3.  If  any  provision  of  this  section,  or the application of such
  provision to any  individual,  company,  corporation,  or  circumstance,
  shall   be  held  invalid,  the  remainder  of  this  section,  and  the
  application of such section to individuals, companies, corporations,  or
  circumstances other than those to which it is held invalid, shall not be
  affected thereby.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 8 - Conveyances and Mortgages › 254-C - Right to a Copy of Real Property Appraisals and Consumer Reports in Certain Cases.

§  254-c.    Right  to a copy of real property appraisals and consumer
  reports in certain cases. 1. Any lender who requires an applicant for  a
  loan  or forbearance, which is to be secured primarily by an interest in
  real property, to bear the cost of either an appraisal of said  property
  or  the cost of obtaining a consumer report subject to the provisions of
  article twenty-five of the general business law as a  condition  to  the
  processing   of   the  application  or  the  granting  of  the  loan  or
  forbearance, shall, upon the written request of such applicant,  provide
  to  him  a copy of said appraisal or consumer report as the case may be,
  at no additional cost.
2. "Lender" as used in this section shall mean and include  any  bank,
  trust company, national bank, savings bank, federal mutual savings bank,
  savings  and  loan  association,  federal  savings and loan association,
  private banker, credit union, federal credit union, investment  company,
  insurance company, pension fund, mortgage banker or any other entity.
3.  If  any  provision  of  this  section,  or the application of such
  provision to any individual, company, corporation or circumstance, shall
  be held invalid, the remainder of this section, and the  application  of
  such  section  to individuals, companies, corporations, or circumstances
  other than those to which it is held  invalid,  shall  not  be  affected
  thereby.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 8 - Conveyances and Mortgages › 254-D - Fees by Mortgagee for Direct Payment of Real Property Taxes by Mortgagor Prohibited.

§  254-d.  Fees by mortgagee for direct payment of real property taxes
  by mortgagor prohibited. No mortgagor on a loan secured primarily by  an
  interest  in  real  property  shall  be  charged  a fee by the mortgagee
  because the parties have  agreed  that  the  mortgagor  shall  pay  real
  property taxes on such real property directly to the taxing authority or
  authorities and not in escrow to the mortgagee or the mortgagee's agent.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 8 - Conveyances and Mortgages › 255 - Construction of Grant of Appurtenances and of All the Rights and Estate of Grantor.

§  255.  Construction  of grant of appurtenances and of all the rights
  and estate of grantor.  In any grant or mortgage of  freehold  interests
  in  real estate, the words, "together with the appurtenances and all the
  estate and rights of the grantor in  and  to  said  premises,"  must  be
  construed  as  meaning,  together  with  all and singular the tenements,
  hereditaments and  appurtenances  thereunto  belonging,  or  in  anywise
  appertaining,   and   the   reversion   and  reversions,  remainder  and
  remainders, rents, issues and profits thereof, and also all the  estate,
  right,  title,  interest, dower and right of dower, curtesy and right of
  curtesy, property, possession, claim and demand whatsoever, both in  law
  and  in  equity,  of  the  said  grantor  of, in and to the said granted
  premises and every part and parcel thereof, with the appurtenances.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 8 - Conveyances and Mortgages › 256 - Construction of Grant in Executor's or Trustee's Deed of Appurtenances, and of the Estate of Testator and Grantor.

§  256.  Construction  of  grant  in  executor's  or trustee's deed of
  appurtenances, and of the estate of testator and grantor.   In any  deed
  by an executor of, or trustee under a will, the words "together with the
  appurtenances and also all the estate which the said testator had at the
  time  of his decease in said premises, and also the estate therein which
  said grantor  has  or  has  power  to  convey  or  dispose  of,  whether
  individually  or by virtue of said will or otherwise," must be construed
  as meaning, together with all and singular the tenements,  hereditaments
  and  appurtenances  thereunto belonging, or in anywise appertaining, and
  the reversion and reversions, remainder and  remainders,  rents,  issues
  and  profits  thereof;  and also all the estate, right, title, interest,
  property, possession, claim and  demand  whatsoever,  both  in  law  and
  equity,  which the said testator had in his lifetime, and at the time of
  his decease, or which the said grantor has or has  power  to  convey  or
  dispose  of, whether individually or by virtue of the said last will and
  testament or otherwise, of, in and to the  said  granted  premises,  and
  every part and parcel thereof, with the appurtenances.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 8 - Conveyances and Mortgages › 257 - Covenants Bind Representatives of Grantor and Mortgagor and Inure to the Benefit of Whom.

§  257.  Covenants  bind  representatives of grantor and mortgagor and
  inure to the benefit of whom.  All covenants contained in any  grant  or
  mortgage  of  real  estate  bind  the  heirs, executors, administrators,
  successors and assigns, of the grantor or mortgagor, and  inure  to  the
  benefit  of the heirs, executors, administrators, successors and assigns
  of the grantee or mortgagee in the same manner and to the  same  extent,
  and  with  like  effect  as  if  such  heirs, executors, administrators,
  successors and assigns were so named in such covenants, unless otherwise
  in said grant or mortgage expressly provided.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 8 - Conveyances and Mortgages › 259-C - Provision in Lease of Real Property for Waiver of Trial by Jury in Actions for Personal Injury or Property Damage.

§  259-c.  Provision  in lease of real property for waiver of trial by
  jury in actions for personal injury or property damage. Any provision in
  a lease, executed after the effective date of this act, that a trial  by
  jury  is  waived  in  any  action, proceeding or counterclaim brought by
  either of the parties thereto  against  the  other  in  any  action  for
  personal injury or property damage, is null and void.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 8 - Conveyances and Mortgages › 260 - Lands Adversely Held May Be Conveyed or Mortgaged.

§  260.  Lands  adversely held may be conveyed or mortgaged. No grant,
  conveyance or mortgage of real property or  interest  therein  shall  be
  void  for  the reason that at the time of the delivery thereof such real
  property is in the actual possession of a person claiming under a  title
  adverse to that of the grantor.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 8 - Conveyances and Mortgages › 261 - Maintenance of Telegraph or Other Electric Wires Raises No Presumption of Grant.

§  261.  Maintenance  of  telegraph  or other electric wires raises no
  presumption of grant. Whenever any wire or cable used for any telegraph,
  telephone, electric light or other electric purpose, or for the  purpose
  of  communication  otherwise than by the aid of electricity, is or shall
  be attached to, or does or shall extend upon or  over  any  building  or
  land,  no  lapse of time whatever shall raise a presumption of any grant
  of, or justify a prescription of any perpetual right to, such attachment
  or extension.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 8 - Conveyances and Mortgages › 265 - Fraudulent Intent, Question of Fact.

§ 265. Fraudulent intent, question of fact. The question of fraudulent
  intent  in a case arising under this article, shall be deemed a question
  of fact and not of law; and a conveyance or charge shall not be adjudged
  fraudulent as against creditors, purchasers or incumbrancers, solely  on
  the ground that it was not founded on a valuable consideration.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 8 - Conveyances and Mortgages › 266 - Rights of Purchaser or Incumbrancer for Valuable Consideration Protected.

§  266. Rights of purchaser or incumbrancer for valuable consideration
  protected. This article does not in any  manner  affect  or  impair  the
  title  of  a  purchaser  or  incumbrancer  for a valuable consideration,
  unless it appears that  such  purchaser  or  incumbrancer  had  previous
  notice,  whether actual or constructive, of the fraudulent intent of his
  immediate grantor, or of the fraud rendering  void  the  title  of  such
  grantor.  There  shall  be  a rebuttable presumption that a purchaser or
  incumbrancer had notice of fraud or fraudulent intent in the case  of  a
  transfer  of mortgaged real property, between a purchaser and seller who
  are not associated parties, that is not  accompanied  by  the  recording
  with  the clerk of the county or with the commissioner of deeds in which
  the property is located, of a statement, executed by the mortgagee,  and
  duly  acknowledged, stating, substantially, that (a) a party is assuming
  the seller's indebtedness secured by  the  mortgage;  or  (b)  that  the
  indebtedness secured by the mortgage has been satisfied.
For  the purposes of this section, "associated parties" means spouses,
  ex-spouses,  parents  and  children,  siblings,  a  homeowner  and  that
  homeowner's   family   trust,   or  a  homeowner  and  that  homeowner's
  wholly-owned limited liability company.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 8 - Conveyances and Mortgages › 267 - Conveyances With Power to Revoke, Determine or Alter.

§  267.  Conveyances  with  power  to  revoke,  determine  or alter. A
  conveyance of, or charge on, an estate or  interest  in  real  property,
  containing  a  provision for the revocation, determination or alteration
  of the estate or interest, or any part  thereof,  at  the  will  of  the
  grantor,  is  void,  as against subsequent purchasers and incumbrancers,
  from the grantor,  for  a  valuable  consideration,  of  any  estate  or
  interest so liable to be revoked or determined, although the same be not
  expressly  revoked,  determined  or altered by the grantor, by virtue of
  the power reserved or expressed in the prior conveyance or charge. Where
  a power to revoke a conveyance of real property or the rents and profits
  thereof, and to reconvey the same, is given to any  person,  other  than
  the  grantor  in such conveyance, and such person thereafter conveys the
  same real property, rents or profits to a purchaser or incumbrancer  for
  a  valuable  consideration,  such subsequent conveyance is valid, in the
  same manner and to the same extent as if the power  of  revocation  were
  recited  therein,  and  the  intent  to  revoke  the  former  conveyance
  expressly declared. If a conveyance  to  a  purchaser  or  incumbrancer,
  under  this  section, be made before the person making it is entitled to
  execute his power of revocation, it is nevertheless valid, from the time
  the power of revocation actually vests  in  such  person,  in  the  same
  manner, and to the same extent, as if then made.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 8 - Conveyances and Mortgages › 268 - Disaffirmance of Fraudulent Act by Executor and Others.

§  268.  Disaffirmance  of  fraudulent  act by executor and others. An
  executor, administrator, receiver, assignee or other trustee,  may,  for
  the  benefit of creditors, or of others interested in real property held
  in trust, disaffirm, treat as void and resist any act done  or  transfer
  or  agreement  made  in  fraud  of the rights of any creditor, including
  himself, interested in  such  estate  or  property;  and  a  person  who
  fraudulently  receives, takes, or in any manner interferes with the real
  property of a deceased person, or an insolvent corporation, association,
  partnership, or individual, is liable to such  executor,  administrator,
  receiver  or  other  trustee for the same, or the value thereof, and for
  all damages caused by such act to the trust estate.   A  creditor  of  a
  deceased  insolvent  debtor,  having  a  claim  or  demand exceeding one
  hundred dollars against such deceased, may, for the benefit of creditors
  or others interested in the real property of such  deceased,  disaffirm,
  treat  as  void,  and  resist  any  act  done or conveyance, transfer or
  agreement made by such deceased in fraud of the rights of any  creditor,
  including  himself,  and  may  maintain an action to set aside such act,
  conveyance, transfer or  agreement,  without  having  first  obtained  a
  judgment  on  such  claim  or  demand; but the same, if disputed, may be
  established on the trial. The judgment in such action  may  provide  for
  the  sale  of  the  premises  or property involved, when a conveyance or
  transfer thereof is set aside, and that the proceeds thereof be  brought
  into  court or paid into the proper surrogate's court to be administered
  according to law.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 8 - Conveyances and Mortgages › 269 - When Remainderman May Pay Interest Owed by Life Tenant.

§  269.  When  remainderman  may  pay  interest  owed  by life tenant.
  Whenever real property held by any person  for  life  is  incumbered  by
  mortgage or other lien, the interest on which should be paid by the life
  tenant,  and  such life tenant neglects or refuses to pay such interest,
  the remainderman may pay such interest, and recover the amount  thereof,
  together  with  interest  thereon  from the time of such payment, of the
  life tenant.
2023 New York Laws › RPP - Real Property › Article 8 - Conveyances and Mortgages › 272 - Construction of Grant of Appurtenances, and All of the Rights and Estate of the Mortgagor.

§  272.  Construction of grant of appurtenances, and all of the rights
  and estate of the mortgagor. In any mortgage on a lease of real property
  the words "together with the appurtenances and all the estate and rights
  of the part ...... of the first part of, in and to said  premises  under
  and by virtue of the aforesaid indenture of lease," must be construed as
  meaning, together with all and singular the edifices, buildings, rights,
  members,  privileges and appurtenances thereunto belonging or in anywise
  appertaining; and also all the estate, right, title, interest,  term  of
  years  yet to come and unexpired, property, possession, claim and demand
  whatsoever, as well in law as  in  equity,  of  the  said  mortgagor  or
  obligor,  of,  in  and  to the said demised premises, and every part and
  parcel thereof, with the appurtenances; and also the said  indenture  of
  lease,  and  the renewal therein provided for, and every clause, article
  and condition therein expressed and contained.