reglab/statecodes huggingface dataset:
2023 New York Laws › GMU - General Municipal › Article 13-C - Establishment or Extension of Residential or Recreational Areas in the Lake George Park › 283 - Variances and Amendments.

§  283.  Variances and amendments. 1. The village board of any village
  or the town board of any town  in  which  one  or  more  residential  or
  residential  and  recreational  areas  have been established pursuant to
  this article may establish  rules,  regulations  and  procedures  by  or
  pursuant  to  which  such  board  may,  consistent with the purposes and
  objectives of this article as described in section  two  hundred  eighty
  hereof,  authorize  or  permit  a  necessary or desirable use of land or
  prevent unnecessary hardship in an individual or particular instance  by
  the  granting of a proper and appropriate variance from any ordinance or
  local law adopted pursuant to the provisions of this article.
2. The village board of any village or the town board of any  town  in
  which  a  residential  or  residential  and  recreational  area has been
  established pursuant to this  article  on  petition  of  any  person  or
  corporation  aggrieved  thereby  or of one or more interested persons or
  corporations or on its own motion may, after a public  hearing  held  on
  notice  published  and  posted as provided in subdivision two of section
  two hundred eighty-one of this chapter, amend any ordinance or local law
  adopted pursuant to this article which prohibits, restricts,  regulates,
  controls and limits the use of buildings, structures or land within such
  area.
3.  Each  such amendment shall be entered, published and posted, shall
  become effective and shall be reviewable by a proceeding  under  article
  seventy-eight of the civil practice law and rules as provided in section
  two hundred eighty-two of this chapter.
2023 New York Laws › GMU - General Municipal › Article 13-C - Establishment or Extension of Residential or Recreational Areas in the Lake George Park › 284 - Enforcement and Remedies.

§  284.  Enforcement and remedies. 1. The village board of any village
  or the town board  of  any  town,  as  the  case  may  be,  in  which  a
  residential  or  residential  and recreational area has been established
  pursuant to this article, in which the use of buildings, structures  and
  land for any industrial or commercial purpose is prohibited, restricted,
  regulated  or  controlled,  or  in  which  the  use  of  all  buildings,
  structures and land is limited to use for one or two family  residential
  purposes,  or  to  use  for one or two family residential and non-profit
  recreational purposes may provide by such ordinance or local law for the
  enforcement thereof.
2.  In  the  event  that  any  building,  structure  or  land  in  any
  residential or residential and recreational area is used in violation of
  any ordinance or local law applying to such area, the board, in addition
  to  other  remedies,  may  institute  or authorize an official, officer,
  employee or agent of the village  or  town,  as  the  case  may  be,  to
  institute  any appropriate action or proceeding to prevent such unlawful
  use, to restrain, correct or abate such violation or to prevent or abate
  any illegal act, conduct, business or use in, on or about such premises.
  All issues in any action or proceeding for any of  the  purposes  herein
  stated   shall   have  preference  over  all  other  civil  actions  and
  proceedings.
3. Upon the failure or refusal of the board to institute or  cause  to
  be  instituted any such appropriate action or proceeding for a period of
  thirty days after written request by an owner of real  property  situate
  within  such  area  so  to  proceed,  any  three owners of real property
  situate within the area wherein such violation exists may institute such
  action or proceeding at their own expense in like manner as  such  board
  or  an official, officer, agent or employee authorized by the village or
  town board, as the case may be, is authorized to do.
2023 New York Laws › GMU - General Municipal › Article 13-D - Community Facilities and Programs for the Elderly › 290 - Establishment of Community Facilities and Programs for the Elderly.

§  290.  Establishment  of  community  facilities and programs for the
  elderly.  The local legislative body of a city, town or village may,  by
  resolution,  determine  to  establish,  construct,  equip,  maintain and
  operate for such city, town or village, a facility for housing,  or  for
  other  residential or non-residential use of the elderly citizens of the
  community and for the operation and provision of  health,  recreational,
  vocational  and other programs and services for such citizens. The local
  legislative body of a county may, by resolution, determine to establish,
  construct, equip, maintain and operate for such county, a  facility  for
  residential  use  other  than housing, or for non-residential use of the
  elderly citizens of the county and for the operation  and  provision  of
  health,  recreational,  vocational  and  other programs and services for
  such  citizens.  In  any  city  in  which  a  board  of   estimate   and
  apportionment  or  other board is required to approve appropriations for
  public purposes, the resolution of the legislative body to  establish  a
  facility  and programs for the elderly shall be effective only after the
  necessary appropriation for lands and buildings for  such  facility  and
  programs  shall have been approved by such board, in the same manner and
  by the same vote by which  it  is  required  by  law  to  approve  other
  appropriations for public purposes.
2023 New York Laws › GMU - General Municipal › Article 13-D - Community Facilities and Programs for the Elderly › 291 - Acquisition of Real Property.

§  291.  Acquisition of real property. When the legislative body shall
  have resolved to establish a facility and programs for the  elderly,  it
  may  use  for such purpose real property owned by the county, town, city
  or village which, in its judgment, is not needed for  any  other  public
  use  or  it  may purchase or lease real property or interest or easement
  therein, or acquire such real property interest and easement therein  by
  condemnation proceedings in the manner provided by the provisions of the
  condemnation  law.  The purchase price or award for the real property or
  interest or easement therein acquired may be paid for  by  appropriation
  of  monies  available  therefor or may be financed, in whole or in part,
  pursuant to the local  finance  law.  Real  property  and  interests  or
  easements  therein may be acquired, pursuant to this section, for use on
  a determined or undetermined future date upon  a  determination  by  the
  local  legislative body that such action is necessary in order to obtain
  property which is desirable because of its reasonable cost, advantageous
  location or any other factor recommending immediate acquisition.
2023 New York Laws › GMU - General Municipal › Article 13-D - Community Facilities and Programs for the Elderly › 292 - Equipment, Maintenance and Operation.

§  292.  Equipment,  maintenance  and operation. The local legislative
  body of a county, town, city or village which has resolved to  establish
  programs  for  the  elderly  and  has acquired, leased or set apart real
  property for such purpose may, itself or  through  a  municipal  agency,
  commission or board:
1.  construct,  develop,  improve,  equip,  maintain  and operate such
  facility and program.
2. adopt regulations and  establish  fees  and  charges  for  the  use
  thereof,  and  fix civil penalties for the violation of such regulations
  and provide for their enforcement.
3. provide and charge for all services, concessions or other usual  or
  incidental facilities rendered, conducted or maintained thereat.
4.  lease,  or  sublease  the  real  property  or  lease,  contract or
  otherwise agree, on an exclusive or non-exclusive basis, for the  entire
  operation, equipment and maintenance of such facility and program, or of
  any part thereof, or for the rendering of various services.
2023 New York Laws › GMU - General Municipal › Article 14 - Airports and Landing Fields › 351 - Acquisition of Real Property; Bonds.

§  351.  Acquisition  of  real  property; bonds. Real property, or any
  interest therein including  an  easement,  needed  by  a  county,  city,
  village  or  town  for an airport or landing field shall be acquired, by
  purchase, if the county, city, village or town is able to agree with the
  owners on the terms thereof,  and  otherwise,  by  acquisition,  in  the
  manner  provided  by and subject to the provisions of the eminent domain
  procedure law.  The purchase price or award for  the  real  property  or
  interest  therein  acquired  for an airport or landing field may be paid
  for by appropriation of moneys available therefor or may be financed, in
  whole or in part, pursuant to the local finance law.
2023 New York Laws › GMU - General Municipal › Article 14 - Airports and Landing Fields › 352-A - Lease, Contract or Agreement for a Definite Term.

§  352-a.  Lease, contract or agreement for a definite term. No lease,
  contract or agreement shall permit the construction of any building at a
  location or the use thereof in a manner obstructing or interfering  with
  the  use  of  such  airport as a public airport or landing field, and to
  this end  municipalities  prior  to  the  making  of  any  such  leases,
  contracts  or  agreements  shall adopt and may from time to time amend a
  plan showing the portions of such airport to be made available for  such
  purposes which plan or amendments shall not be finally adopted until ten
  days  after  a copy thereof shall have been filed with the clerk of such
  municipality and with the clerk of the  municipality  or  municipalities
  within which such airport is located.
The  provisions  of  this  section and section three hundred fifty-two
  shall not apply to cities of one million or more inhabitants.
2023 New York Laws › GMU - General Municipal › Article 14 - Airports and Landing Fields › 353 - Approval of Board of Estimate Required.

§  353.  Approval  of  board of estimate required. Wherever under this
  article the local legislative body of a city is authorized to  take  any
  action,  the  separate  approval of such action by the board of estimate
  and apportionment or similar body of such city, if there be such a board
  or body, shall also be required,  unless  such  board  of  estimate  and
  apportionment or similar body is a branch of the local legislative body.
2023 New York Laws › GMU - General Municipal › Article 14 - Airports and Landing Fields › 353-A - Joint Airports for Counties, Cities, Towns or Villages.

§  353-a. Joint airports for counties, cities, towns or villages.  Two
  or more adjoining counties or two cities in the same county or adjoining
  counties, or a city and one or more villages  located  within  the  same
  county  or  adjoining  counties, or two or more villages, located within
  the same county, or adjoining counties, or two or more towns in the same
  county or adjoining counties, or a city and one or  more  towns  located
  within  the same county or adjoining counties, or a town and one or more
  villages (including a village or villages  within  such  town),  located
  within  the  same county or adjoining counties, may jointly acquire real
  property by purchase, lease or condemnation for  the  purposes  of  this
  article  and  establish, construct, equip, maintain and operate for such
  municipalities jointly an airport or landing field. The ordinance, local
  law or resolution providing for such action  shall  be  adopted  by  the
  local  legislative  body  or  board of trustees of each municipality and
  shall create a committee to be at all times composed of members of  each
  of such bodies or boards to acquire necessary real property, in the name
  of  the  municipalities  jointly,  and as their joint agent, and to have
  charge of the construction, equipment, maintenance and operation of such
  airport or landing field. The ordinance, local  law  or  resolution  may
  specify  matters  as  to which the action of the committee shall require
  the joint approval of such bodies or boards.  The ordinance,  local  law
  or  resolution  also shall prescribe the proportions of the cost of such
  project to be borne by the municipalities respectively.   The moneys  to
  pay  the  share  to be borne by each municipality may be provided in the
  manner  prescribed  by  this  article.  The  ordinance,  local  law   or
  resolution may be amended from time to time with the concurrence of each
  of  such  bodies or boards, and the boundaries of the airport or landing
  place may be extended or the project abandoned in  like  manner  at  any
  time.  A  joint  airport or landing place established under this article
  shall be located in one or more of the  counties  participating  in  the
  joint  undertaking,  or  within the county in which the cities or one of
  them is located, or the county  in  which  the  villages  or  towns  are
  located.  The limitation contained in section three hundred and fifty as
  to  distance from the boundaries of any such city, village or town shall
  not apply to such a joint airport or landing place.
2023 New York Laws › GMU - General Municipal › Article 14 - Airports and Landing Fields › 354 - Annual Appropriation.

§  354. Annual appropriation. The local authorities of a county, city,
  village or town, to which this article is  applicable  having  power  to
  appropriate  money  therein  may  annually  appropriate  and cause to be
  raised by taxation  in  such  county,  city,  village  or  town,  a  sum
  sufficient to carry out the provisions of this article.
2023 New York Laws › GMU - General Municipal › Article 14 - Airports and Landing Fields › 357 - Federal Aid for Public Airports.

§ 357. Federal aid for public airports. No county, town, city, village
  or  authority in this state whether acting alone or jointly with another
  county, town, city, village or authority or with the state, shall submit
  to the administrator of civil  aeronautics  of  the  United  States  any
  project application, under the provisions of section nine (a) of the Act
  of  Congress, approved May thirteenth, nineteen hundred forty-six, being
  a public law three hundred seventy-seven, seventy-ninth Congress,  known
  and  hereinafter  designated  as  the  "Federal  Airport  Act",  or  any
  amendment thereto, unless the project and the project application  shall
  have been first approved by the state commissioner of transportation. No
  such  county,  town,  city,  village or authority shall directly accept,
  receive, receipt for, or disburse any funds granted by the United States
  under the Federal Airport Act but it must designate such commissioner as
  its agent, who, on its behalf, shall accept, receive,  receipt  for  and
  disburse such funds. Every such county, town, city, village or authority
  shall  enter  into  an  agreement with such commissioner prescribing the
  terms and conditions of such agency in accordance with the federal laws,
  rules and regulations and applicable laws of this state. Such moneys  as
  are  paid  over by the United States government shall be retained by the
  state or paid over to such county, town, city, village or authority upon
  such terms and conditions as may be imposed  by  the  United  States  in
  making such grant.
2023 New York Laws › GMU - General Municipal › Article 14-A - Gas and Electric Service › 361 - Service Beyond Territorial Limits.

§  361.  Service  beyond  territorial limits. 1. Whenever a surplus of
  such public utility service exists over the amount thereof  required  by
  the  municipal  corporation and the residents thereof, such municipality
  may sell such surplus outside  the  municipal  corporation  to  persons,
  public or private corporations or other municipal corporations. Any such
  municipal corporation, by agreement with any other municipal corporation
  which  is  authorized  to exercise the powers specified in the preceding
  section, may extend such service to  such  other  municipal  corporation
  under  such  terms  and  conditions  as  may be agreed upon between them
  provided that if at the time of such extension, a public utility service
  is actually being furnished in such other  municipal  corporation,  such
  extension  shall  not  be  effected  without  the approval of the public
  service commission.
2.  Agreements  may  also  be  made  between  two  or  more  municipal
  corporations,  authorized  as  provided  in this article to exercise the
  powers specified in the preceding  section,  for  the  joint  ownership,
  leasing, construction, acquisition, use or operation of a public utility
  service,  within  the  combined  territorial  limits of such contracting
  parties. The method of operation of and the rates, rentals  and  charges
  for  such  service and the procedure for their collection shall be fixed
  by such agreements.
2023 New York Laws › GMU - General Municipal › Article 14-A - Gas and Electric Service › 362 - Financing the Cost of Public Utility Service.

§  362.  Financing  the  cost of public utility service. Any municipal
  corporation may finance the cost of such public utility service in whole
  or in part by levying taxes in the  same  manner  as  taxes  are  levied
  pursuant  to  law  for  any  permanent  improvement  by  such  municipal
  corporation, or the same may be financed in whole or in part pursuant to
  the local finance law.
2023 New York Laws › GMU - General Municipal › Article 14-A - Gas and Electric Service › 363 - Construction of Public Utility Service.

§  363.  Construction  of  public  utility  service.    The  purchase,
  acquisition, leasing, and construction of such  public  utility  service
  shall,  in  so  far  as  is  practicable,  be effected by such municipal
  corporation in the same manner and by the same  officers  or  boards  as
  other  authorized  public  improvements  are  effected  for  and by such
  corporation.  The  provisions  of  law  in  force  in   such   municipal
  corporation   applicable  to  the  purchase,  acquisition,  leasing  and
  construction of the public utility service provided for in this  article
  shall  apply  when not inconsistent with the provisions of this article.
  The local law, ordinance or resolution provided  for  in  section  three
  hundred  and  sixty  of  this  article may, however, provide a different
  method or authority or agency for the purchase, acquisition, leasing and
  construction of such service, not inconsistent with state law applicable
  thereto. Funds to be used for any of the purposes set forth  in  section
  three  hundred and sixty of this article shall be paid out in the manner
  prescribed by law for the  payment  of  the  expenses  of  other  public
  improvements  authorized  for  and effected by the municipal corporation
  affected.
2023 New York Laws › GMU - General Municipal › Article 14-A - Gas and Electric Service › 364 - Provisions of Public Service Law Applicable.

§  364.  Provisions  of  public  service  law applicable. 1. Except as
provided in subdivision two of this section, all of  the  provisions  of
article  four  of  the  public  service  law,  so  far  as  the same are
applicable, shall apply to a municipal corporation furnishing  a  public
utility service under this article.
2.  (a)  A  municipal corporation need not apply to or obtain from the
public service commission  a  certificate  of  authority  for  a  public
utility service under this article.
(b)  A  municipal  corporation  furnishing a public utility service or
services need not decrease its rates and charges  for  such  service  or
services  on order of the public service commission unless such order is
issued upon notice  and  after  hearing  instituted  upon  the  verified
complaint  in  writing  of  not  less  than  twenty-five  of  the active
consumers as shown by the  records  of  the  utility,  residing  in  the
territory  in  which  the  utility  rate  or  rates  referred to in said
complaint is or are applicable.
2023 New York Laws › GMU - General Municipal › Article 14-A - Gas and Electric Service › 365 - Effect of Unconstitutionality in Part.

§  365.  Effect of unconstitutionality in part. If any section, clause
  or provision of this article shall be  unconstitutional  or  invalid  or
  ineffective  in  whole  or  in  part,  to  the  extent  that  it  is not
  unconstitutional or  invalid  or  ineffective  it  shall  be  valid  and
  effective;  and  no  other section, clause or provision shall on account
  thereof be deemed invalid or ineffective.
2023 New York Laws › GMU - General Municipal › Article 14-A - Gas and Electric Service › 366 - Inconsistent Provisions Superseded.

§  366. Inconsistent provisions superseded. The powers granted by this
  article shall be in addition to and not  in  substitution  for  all  the
  powers,  rights,  privileges and functions conferred or imposed upon any
  municipal corporation by any other law heretofore or hereafter  enacted.
  In  so  far  as the provisions of this article are inconsistent with the
  provisions of any other act, general, special, or local, the  provisions
  of this article shall be controlling.
2023 New York Laws › GMU - General Municipal › Article 14-B - Traffic Violations Bureaus › 370 - Establishment.

§  370.  Establishment.  1. The legislative body of a city, village or
  town,  may  by  ordinance  or  local  law  authorize  the  court  having
  jurisdiction  of  traffic cases to establish a traffic violations bureau
  to assist the court in the disposition of  infractions  in  relation  to
  traffic violations.
2.  There  shall be a department of the Nassau county government known
  as the Nassau county traffic and parking violations agency, which  shall
  operate under the direction and control of the county executive.
3.  There shall be a department of the Suffolk county government known
  as the Suffolk county traffic and parking violations agency, which shall
  operate under the direction and control of the county executive.
4. There  shall  be  an  executive  department  of  the  Buffalo  city
  government  known  as the Buffalo traffic violations agency, which shall
  operate under the direction and control of the mayor.
5. There shall be an executive department or bureau  of  the  city  of
  Rochester  known as the Rochester traffic violations agency, which shall
  operate under the direction and control of  the  mayor  or  the  mayor's
  designee.
2023 New York Laws › GMU - General Municipal › Article 14-B - Traffic Violations Bureaus › 370-A - Definitions.

§ 370-a. Definitions. For the purpose of this article:
1.  "Traffic and parking violations agency" shall mean a department of
  the Nassau county government established pursuant to subdivision two  of
  section  three  hundred  seventy  of this article or a department in the
  Suffolk county government established pursuant to subdivision  three  of
  such   section   to  administer  and  dispose  of  traffic  and  parking
  infractions.
1-a. "Traffic violations agency" shall mean an executive department of
  the city of Buffalo established pursuant to subdivision four of  section
  three  hundred  seventy  of  this  article  to administer and dispose of
  traffic infractions as authorized pursuant to this article.
1-b. "Traffic violations agency" shall mean an executive department of
  the city of  Rochester  established  pursuant  to  subdivision  five  of
  section  three hundred seventy of this article to administer and dispose
  of traffic infractions as authorized pursuant to this article.
2. "Traffic prosecutor"  shall  mean  an  attorney  duly  admitted  to
  practice  law  in  the  state of New York who, having been appointed and
  either hired or retained pursuant to section three hundred  seventy-four
  of  this  article, has the responsibility of prosecuting any traffic and
  parking infractions returnable before the Nassau county  district  court
  or  the  Suffolk  county  district  court  or  any  traffic  infractions
  returnable before the Buffalo city court pursuant to the  jurisdictional
  limitations of section three hundred seventy-one of this article.
2-a. "Traffic prosecutor" shall also mean an attorney duly admitted to
  practice  law  in  the  state of New York who, having been appointed and
  either  hired  or   retained   pursuant   to   section   three   hundred
  seventy-four-b  of  this  article, has the responsibility of prosecuting
  any traffic infractions  returnable  before  the  Rochester  city  court
  pursuant  to  the  jurisdictional  limitations  of section three hundred
  seventy-one of this article.
2023 New York Laws › GMU - General Municipal › Article 14-B - Traffic Violations Bureaus › 371-A - Additional Jurisdiction and Procedure Related to the Adjudication of Certain Notices of Liability.

§   371-a.  Additional  jurisdiction  and  procedure  related  to  the
  adjudication of certain  notices  of  liability.  A  traffic  violations
  bureau established pursuant to subdivision one and a traffic and parking
  violations  agency  established  pursuant  to subdivision two of section
  three  hundred  seventy-one  of  this  article  may  be  authorized   to
  adjudicate,  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of this article, the
  liability of owners: (a) for violations of subdivision  (d)  of  section
  eleven hundred eleven of the vehicle and traffic law imposed pursuant to
  a  local  law or ordinance imposing monetary liability on the owner of a
  vehicle  for  failure  of   an   operator   thereof   to   comply   with
  traffic-control  indications  through  the installation and operation of
  traffic-control signal photo violation-monitoring systems, in accordance
  with article twenty-four of the vehicle and  traffic  law;  or  (b)  for
  violations  of  section  eleven  hundred seventy-four of the vehicle and
  traffic law when meeting a school bus marked and equipped as provided in
  subdivisions  twenty  and  twenty-one-c   of   section   three   hundred
  seventy-five  of the vehicle and traffic law imposed pursuant to a local
  law or ordinance imposing monetary liability on the owner of  a  vehicle
  for  failure of an operator thereof to comply with school bus red visual
  signals through the installation  and  operation  of  school  bus  photo
  violation  monitoring systems, in accordance with article twenty-nine of
  the vehicle and traffic law; or (c) for violations of  subdivision  (b),
  (d),  (f)  or  (g)  of  section eleven hundred eighty of the vehicle and
  traffic  law  imposed  pursuant  to  a  demonstration  program  imposing
  monetary  liability on the owner of a vehicle for failure of an operator
  thereof to comply with such posted maximum speed limits within a highway
  construction or maintenance  work  area  through  the  installation  and
  operation  of  photo  speed  violation monitoring systems, in accordance
  with article thirty of this chapter.
2023 New York Laws › GMU - General Municipal › Article 14-B - Traffic Violations Bureaus › 372 - Fines.

§  372.  Fines.  The  court  shall  designate the fines to be paid for
  offenses which may be satisfied at the bureau  as  hereinbefore  stated,
  provided  such  fines are within the limits established as penalties for
  such offenses.
2023 New York Laws › GMU - General Municipal › Article 14-B - Traffic Violations Bureaus › 373 - Records.

§ 373. Records. A traffic violations bureau as herein authorized shall
  keep  a  record  of all violations of which each person has been guilty,
  whether such guilt was established in court or in the bureau, and also a
  record of all fines collected and the disposition thereof. It shall also
  perform  such  other  or  additional  duties  and  keep  such  other  or
  additional  records as shall be prescribed by the court and/or the local
  legislative body.
2023 New York Laws › GMU - General Municipal › Article 14-BB - Bureaus of Administrative Adjudication › 383 - Jurisdiction to Impose Civil Penalties.

§  383. Jurisdiction to impose civil penalties.  a. Such local law may
  authorize such bureau to (1) conduct proceedings for the adjudication of
  those code or ordinance violations described in  section  three  hundred
  eighty of this article for which civil penalties may be imposed, and (2)
  to  render  decisions and orders and impose the civil penalties provided
  under law for such violations.
b. No person subject to any charges may be  sentenced  to  a  term  of
  imprisonment  upon being found guilty thereof, nor may an administrative
  law judge order the arrest or  detention  of  any  person,  nor  may  an
  administrative law judge deprive any person of a right to counsel.
2023 New York Laws › GMU - General Municipal › Article 14-BB - Bureaus of Administrative Adjudication › 386 - Judicial Enforcement.

§  386.  Judicial  enforcement.  Any  order  or  subpoena or any final
  decision or determination rendered by the bureau  shall  be  subject  to
  enforcement  by  the judiciary in an action or proceeding commenced in a
  court of competent jurisdiction by the prevailing  party  including  the
  municipality.
2023 New York Laws › GMU - General Municipal › Article 14-BB - Bureaus of Administrative Adjudication › 387 - Restriction on Collateral Use.

§  387.  Restriction  on collateral use. Decisions, determinations and
  orders issued by the bureau  shall  not  be  cited,  and  shall  not  be
  considered  precedent  nor  be given any force or effect in any criminal
  proceeding.
2023 New York Laws › GMU - General Municipal › Article 14-C - Revenue-Producing Undertakings › 401 - Definitions.

§  401. Definitions. Whenever used in this article, unless a different
meaning clearly appears from the context:
(a)   The   term   "undertaking"   shall   include    the    following
revenue-producing   undertakings,  whether  now  existing  or  hereafter
acquired or constructed: Causeways, tunnels, viaducts, bridges and other
crossings; highways,  parkways,  airports,  docks,  piers  and  wharves;
systems,  plants, works, instrumentalities and properties used or useful
in connection  with  (i)  the  obtaining  of  a  water  supply  and  the
collection, treatment and disposal of water for public and private uses,
(ii)  the  collection, treatment and disposal of sewage, waste and storm
water, and (iii) resource recovery from municipal  solid  waste  through
the  use  of  structures, machinery or devices involving the separation,
extraction and recovery of useable materials, energy or  heat;  together
with  all  parts  of  any such undertaking and all appurtenances thereto
including lands, easements, rights of way, contract rights,  franchises,
approaches,  connections,  dams,  reservoirs,  sewage  disposal  plants,
intercepting sewers, trunk, connecting and other sewer and water  mains,
filtration works, pumping stations and equipment.
(b)  The  term  "municipality"  shall  mean  a  county,  town, city or
village.
(c) The term "governing body" shall mean the board of supervisors of a
county,  the  town  board  of  a  town,  the  board  of   estimate   and
apportionment  or  other  board performing similar functions in any city
now or  hereafter  having  a  population  of  more  than  eight  hundred
thousand,  except  that  in the city of New York the term governing body
shall mean the officer or agency vested with power under the charter  of
such  city  or  by  other law, to act pursuant to this chapter; the city
council, the common council, the municipal assembly or other legislative
body of any other city, and the board of trustees of a village.
2023 New York Laws › GMU - General Municipal › Article 14-C - Revenue-Producing Undertakings › 402 - Declaration of Policy.

§  402.  Declaration of policy. It is hereby declared to be the policy
  of  this  state   that   any   municipality   acquiring,   constructing,
  reconstructing,   improving,   bettering  or  extending  an  undertaking
  pursuant to this article shall  manage  such  undertaking  in  the  most
  efficient  manner  consistent with sound economy and public advantage to
  the end that the services of the undertaking shall be furnished  at  the
  lowest  possible  cost.   No municipality shall operate such undertaking
  primarily as a source of revenue to the municipality, but shall  operate
  such  undertaking  for  the  use  and  benefit  of  those served by such
  undertaking and for the promotion of the welfare and for the improvement
  of the health, safety, comfort and convenience of the inhabitants of the
  municipality.
2023 New York Laws › GMU - General Municipal › Article 14-C - Revenue-Producing Undertakings › 403 - Additional Powers of Municipality.

§  403.  Additional  powers of municipality. In addition to the powers
  which it may now have, any municipality  shall  have  power  under  this
  article;  (a) to acquire by gift, purchase, or the exercise of the right
  of eminent domain, to construct, reconstruct, improve, better or  extend
  any undertaking, within or without the municipality, or partially within
  or partially without the municipality, and to acquire by gift, purchase,
  or the exercise of the right of eminent domain, lands or rights in lands
  or water rights in connection therewith, (b) to operate and maintain any
  undertaking   within  or  without  the  territorial  boundaries  of  the
  municipality, (c) to prescribe and collect rates, fees,  tolls,  charges
  for   the   services,  facilities  and  commodities  furnished  by  such
  undertaking and (d) to pledge to  the  punctual  payment  of  any  bonds
  issued  to carry out any of the purposes of this article and interest on
  such  bonds  an  amount  of  revenues  of  such  undertaking  (including
  improvements, betterments, or extensions thereto, thereafter constructed
  or  acquired) or of any part of such undertaking, sufficient to pay said
  bonds and interest as the same  shall  become  due  and  to  create  and
  maintain reasonable reserves therefor. Such amount may consist of all or
  any part or portion of such revenues.
2023 New York Laws › GMU - General Municipal › Article 14-C - Revenue-Producing Undertakings › 403-A - Future Acquisition or Construction of Undertakings by Towns Prohibited.

§  403-a.  Future acquisition or construction of undertakings by towns
  prohibited.  Any   provision   of   this   article   to   the   contrary
  notwithstanding,  no  town,  on  and  after  the  effective date of this
  section, shall have the power to acquire or  construct  any  undertaking
  pursuant to the provisions of this article.
2023 New York Laws › GMU - General Municipal › Article 14-C - Revenue-Producing Undertakings › 404 - Authorization of Undertaking.

§  404.  Authorization  of undertaking. The acquisition, construction,
  reconstruction, improvement, betterment or extension of any  undertaking
  may be authorized under this article by resolution or resolutions of the
  governing  body of the municipality which may be adopted at a regular or
  special meeting and at the same meeting at which they are introduced  by
  a  majority  of  all  the members thereof then in office and which shall
  take effect immediately upon adoption.
2023 New York Laws › GMU - General Municipal › Article 14-C - Revenue-Producing Undertakings › 407 - Lien of Bonds.

§  407.  Lien  of  bonds.  If bonds are issued to carry out any of the
  purposes of this article, bonds of the same issue shall, subject to  the
  prior  and  superior rights of outstanding bonds, claims or obligations,
  have a prior and paramount lien on the revenue of  the  undertaking  for
  which  said  bonds  have  been issued over and ahead of all bonds of any
  issue payable from said revenue which may  be  subsequently  issued  and
  over  and  ahead  of  any  claims  or  obligations  against said revenue
  subsequently incurred. All bonds of the same issue shall be equally  and
  ratably  secured without priority by reason of number, date of bonds, of
  sale, of execution or  of  delivery,  by  a  lien  on  said  revenue  in
  accordance  with  the  provisions  of this article and the resolution or
  resolutions authorizing said bonds.
2023 New York Laws › GMU - General Municipal › Article 14-C - Revenue-Producing Undertakings › 410 - Undertakings to Be Self-Supporting.

§  410.  Undertakings  to  be self-supporting. The governing body of a
  municipality issuing bonds to carry out any  of  the  purposes  of  this
  article  shall  prescribe  and  collect reasonable rates, fees, tolls or
  charges  for  the  services,  facilities   and   commodities   of   such
  undertaking,  and  shall  revise such rates, fees, tolls or charges from
  time to time whenever necessary so that such undertaking  shall  be  and
  always  remain  self-supporting.  The  rates,  fees,  tolls  or  charges
  prescribed shall be such as will produce revenue at least sufficient (a)
  to pay when due all bonds and interest thereon for the payment of  which
  such  revenue  is  or  shall  have  been  pledged,  charged or otherwise
  encumbered, including reserves therefor, and  (b)  to  provide  for  all
  expenses  of  operation  and  maintenance of such undertaking, including
  reserves therefor.
2023 New York Laws › GMU - General Municipal › Article 14-C - Revenue-Producing Undertakings › 412 - Use of Revenue of Undertaking.

§  412.  Use of revenue of undertaking. Any municipality issuing bonds
  for  the   acquisition,   construction,   reconstruction,   improvement,
  betterment  or  extension  of  an  undertaking  shall  have the right to
  appropriate, apply or expend the revenue of  such  undertaking  for  the
  following  purposes: (a) to pay when due all bonds and interest thereon,
  for the payment of which such revenue is or  shall  have  been  pledged,
  charged  or  otherwise  encumbered,  including reserves therefor, (b) to
  provide  for  all  expenses  of  operation  and  maintenance   of   such
  undertaking,  including  reserves  therefor,  (c)  to  pay and discharge
  notes, bonds or other obligations and interest thereon, not issued under
  this article for the payment of which the revenue  of  such  undertaking
  may  have  been pledged, charged or encumbered, (d) to pay and discharge
  notes, bonds or other obligations and interest  thereon,  which  do  not
  constitute  a  lien,  charge  or  encumbrance  on  the  revenue  of such
  undertaking, which may have been issued for the purpose of financing the
  acquisition, construction, reconstruction,  improvement,  betterment  or
  extension   of   such   undertaking,  and  (e)  provide  a  reserve  for
  improvements to such undertaking. Unless and  until  full  and  adequate
  provision  has  been  made  for  the foregoing purposes, no municipality
  shall have the right to transfer the revenue of such undertaking to  its
  general fund.
2023 New York Laws › GMU - General Municipal › Article 14-C - Revenue-Producing Undertakings › 413 - Consent and Jurisdiction of State and Municipal Agencies.

§  413. Consent and jurisdiction of state and municipal agencies.  The
  provisions of this article  shall  not  operate  to  dispense  with  the
  approval  by  or  to  affect  the  jurisdiction of any state, county, or
  municipal board, officer, commission, department or agency  of  or  over
  the  acquisition, construction, reconstruction, improvement, betterment,
  extension, maintenance  or  operation  of  the  undertaking  where  such
  approval  is necessary under or where such jurisdiction is vested by the
  provisions of any other general, special  or  local  law,  or  with  the
  filing  of plans or specifications in connection with the undertaking in
  the  office  of  any  state,  county,  or  municipal   board,   officer,
  commission, department or agency where such filing is required under any
  other general, special or local law.
2023 New York Laws › GMU - General Municipal › Article 14-C - Revenue-Producing Undertakings › 414 - Competing Undertakings Not Authorized.

§  414.  Competing  undertakings not authorized. No municipality shall
  have  power  under  this  article  to  construct  any   undertaking   in
  contravention  of  any  act  of the legislature of the state of New York
  whereby the state of New York pledges to or agrees with the  holders  of
  any  bonds  issued  or  to be issued pursuant to said act that the state
  will not authorize the construction of  an  undertaking  which  will  be
  competitive with the project authorized by said act.
2023 New York Laws › GMU - General Municipal › Article 14-C - Revenue-Producing Undertakings › 415 - Construction of Article.

§  415.  Construction of article. The powers conferred by this article
  shall be in addition and supplemental to and not  in  substitution  for,
  and  the limitations imposed by this article shall not affect the powers
  conferred by any  other  general,  special  or  local  law.  The  powers
  conferred  by  this  article  shall  not  be  affected by the provisions
  contained in  any  other  general,  special  or  local  law,  except  as
  otherwise herein provided.
2023 New York Laws › GMU - General Municipal › Article 14-C - Revenue-Producing Undertakings › 416 - Separability of Provisions.

§ 416. Separability of provisions. If any provision of this article or
  the  application  of such provision to any person, body, or circumstance
  shall be held invalid, the remainder of this article or the  application
  of  such provision to persons, bodies, or circumstances other than those
  as to which it shall have been  held  invalid,  shall  not  be  affected
  thereby.
2023 New York Laws › GMU - General Municipal › Article 14-D - Jails › 431 - Authorization.

§  431.  Authorization.  It  shall  be  lawful  in  the  interests  of
  efficiency and economy for any county and  any  one  or  more  municipal
  corporations within such county or for any two or more such corporations
  within the county to jointly acquire real property by purchase, lease or
  condemnation  for  the  purposes hereinafter specified and to establish,
  construct, equip, operate, maintain, control and supervise for the joint
  use and benefit of such corporations one or more jails at such place  or
  places  as may be equally accessible for each of such corporations to be
  specified in the agreement providing therefor or to utilize one or  more
  existing  jails,  lock-ups,  or  workhouses  therefor.  The ordinance or
  resolution providing for such joint  action  shall  be  adopted  by  the
  governing  boards  of  each  of  the several corporations affected and a
  committee, composed of at least one member of each of such boards, shall
  be created to acquire necessary  real  property,  in  the  name  of  the
  municipal  corporations  affected  and,  as  the  joint  agent  of  such
  corporations such committee  shall  have  charge  of  the  construction,
  equipment,  maintenance,  and  operation of such jail or jails and shall
  supervise and control the same. The ordinance or resolution may  specify
  matters  as to which the action of the committee shall require the joint
  approval of such boards and shall prescribe the proportions of the  cost
  of  the  construction and operation of such jail or jails to be borne by
  the several corporations affected. The moneys to pay  the  share  to  be
  borne by each corporation affected shall be provided by appropriation in
  such  amounts  and  at  such  time  as  may  be agreed upon.   Any jail,
  penitentiary, workhouse, or lock-up, abandoned or  rendered  useless  by
  reason of action taken pursuant to this section may be sold or otherwise
  disposed  of  or  utilized  by the corporation controlling the same. The
  ordinance or resolution  may  also  provide  for  the  transfer  to  and
  utilization in the proposed joint jail or jails of the books, papers and
  records  and  the  vans, wagons, automobiles, equipment and personnel of
  any existing jail, penitentiary, workhouse, or lock-up  whose  continued
  operation  will  be  rendered  unnecessary  by  reason  of  action taken
  pursuant to this section. All of the provisions of  the  correction  law
  and  of  every  other  general,  special  or  local  law shall so far as
  practicable, continue to apply with full force and effect to every  jail
  established  and  maintained  pursuant to this section as if the several
  constituent institutions consolidated by  such  jail  had  continued  in
  operation as single units.
2023 New York Laws › GMU - General Municipal › Article 14-E - Display of Flag at Public Meetings › 440 - Display of American Flag at Public Meetings.

§ 440. Display of American flag at public meetings. The board, body or
  officer  having supervision shall cause the flag of the United States to
  be appropriately displayed upon the walls of any hall or  other  meeting
  place  in a public building owned by the municipality during any meeting
  or gathering of persons to which the public is invited.
2023 New York Laws › GMU - General Municipal › Article 14-EE - Display of Flag on Uniforms › 445 - Display of American Flag on Uniforms of Public Employees.

§  445.  Display  of  American  flag  on uniforms of public employees.
  Notwithstanding any other law, any public employee required  to  wear  a
  uniform  during  the  course of public employment shall not be deemed to
  violate any law, rule,  code  or  regulation  regulating  the  style  or
  appearance  of  uniform  solely by virtue of the display on the shoulder
  area of the sleeve of such uniform of an American flag not  larger  than
  three  inches  by  five  inches.  The  exact location of the flag on the
  sleeve may be specified by the appropriate executive officer.