2023 New York Laws › CVP - Civil Practice Law and Rules › Article 2 - Limitations of Time › 211 - Actions to Be Commenced Within Twenty Years.

§  211. Actions to be commenced within twenty years. (a) On a bond. An
action to recover  principal  or  interest  upon  a  written  instrument
evidencing  an  indebtedness  of the state of New York or of any person,
association or public or private corporation,  originally  sold  by  the
issuer  after  publication of an advertisement for bids for the issue in
electronic or physical form and secured only by a pledge  of  the  faith
and credit of the issuer, regardless of whether a sinking fund is or may
be established for its redemption, must be commenced within twenty years
after  the  cause  of action accrues. This subdivision does not apply to
actions upon written  instruments  evidencing  an  indebtedness  of  any
corporation,  association or person under the jurisdiction of the public
service commission, the commissioner of transportation,  the  interstate
commerce  commission,  the  federal communications commission, the civil
aeronautics board, the federal power commission, or any other regulatory
commission or board of a  state  or  of  the  federal  government.  This
subdivision  applies  to all causes of action, including those barred on
April eighteenth, nineteen hundred fifty, by the provisions of the civil
practice act then effective.
(b) On a money judgment. A money judgment is presumed to be  paid  and
satisfied  after  the  expiration of twenty years from the time when the
party recovering it was first entitled to enforce it.  This  presumption
is  conclusive,  except  as against a person who within the twenty years
acknowledges an indebtedness, or makes a payment, of all or part of  the
amount   recovered   by   the   judgment,   or   his  heir  or  personal
representative, or a  person  whom  he  otherwise  represents.  Such  an
acknowledgment  must  be  in  writing  and  signed  by  the person to be
charged. Property acquired by an enforcement order or by  levy  upon  an
execution  is  a  payment, unless the person to be charged shows that it
did not include property claimed by him. If such  an  acknowledgment  or
payment  is  made,  the judgment is conclusively presumed to be paid and
satisfied as against any person after the  expiration  of  twenty  years
after  the  last  acknowledgment or payment made by him. The presumption
created by this subdivision may be availed of under an  allegation  that
the action was not commenced within the time limited.
(c) By state for real property. The state will not sue a person for or
with  respect  to  real  property,  or  the rents or profits thereof, by
reason of the right or title of the state to the same, unless the  cause
of  action  accrued,  or  the  state, or those from whom it claims, have
received the rents and profits of the real  property  or  of  some  part
thereof, within twenty years before the commencement of the action.
(d)  By  grantee  of  state  for real property. An action shall not be
commenced for or with respect to real property by a person  claiming  by
virtue of letters patent or a grant from the state, unless it might have
been  maintained  by  the  state,  as prescribed in this section, if the
patent or grant had not been issued or made.
(e) For support, alimony or maintenance. An action  or  proceeding  to
enforce any temporary order, permanent order or judgment of any court of
competent  jurisdiction  which  awards  support, alimony or maintenance,
regardless of whether or not  arrears  have  been  reduced  to  a  money
judgment,  must  be  commenced  within  twenty  years from the date of a
default in payment. This section shall only apply to orders  which  have
been entered subsequent to the date upon which this section shall become
effective.