reglab/statecodes huggingface dataset:
2023 New York Laws › RRD - Railroad › Article 3 - Construction, Operation and Management › 77-C - Sanitary Conditions.

§ 77-c. Sanitary conditions. 1. It shall be the duty of every railroad
  corporation  which operates a railroad within the state and whose annual
  revenue derived exclusively  from  freight  operations  is  ten  million
  dollars or more after applying the railroad revenue deflator formula set
  forth  in  title  49  CFR,  part  1201,  subpart A, section 1-1, to: (a)
  provide each locomotive used on  such  railroad  for  transportation  or
  occupancy by railroad crew with potable drinking water; (b) maintain the
  toilet  facilities provided on locomotives, so equipped, or cabooses, in
  those instances in which cabooses are used, in a  working  and  sanitary
  condition;  and (c) ensure that such toilet facility provides privacy to
  the person using such facility.
2. For purposes of this  section,  the  phrase  "sanitary  conditions"
  shall mean a condition of good order and cleanliness.
3.  The commissioner of transportation shall enforce the provisions of
  this section and may issue such order or orders as may be  necessary  to
  ensure compliance with such provisions.
4. Notice of violation of the provisions of this section shall be made
  in   verified   written   complaint   by  a  recognized  railroad  labor
  representative to the railroad superintendent of the division  involved,
  and  a copy filed with the department of transportation. Upon receipt of
  the complaint, the superintendent  of  the  division  shall  advise  the
  complainant  and the department of transportation within five days as to
  the specific remedies taken or intended  to  be  taken  to  resolve  the
  complaint.  If  the superintendent disputes the allegations contained in
  the complaint, he, within five days of  receipt,  shall  so  notify  the
  complainant  and  the  department  of  transportation. The department of
  transportation shall be allowed a period of fifteen  days  to  determine
  the validity of the complaint.
5.  If  the  department  finds  that the complaint is meritorious, the
  department shall issue an appropriate order to the  railroad  specifying
  the  conditions to be rectified and the time period in which such action
  shall be taken. If the railroad does not comply  with  the  department's
  order, the commissioner of transportation shall be empowered to fine the
  railroad  the  sum  of  one  hundred  dollars for each day the violation
  exists.
2023 New York Laws › RRD - Railroad › Article 3 - Construction, Operation and Management › 78-A - Electric or Battery-Powered Markers.

§  78-a.  Electric or battery-powered markers. 1. Any railroad using a
  passenger, mail, work, or wreck train shall equip the last car  of  each
  such  train  with  electric  markers  of  sufficient  candle power to be
  visible for a distance of  three  thousand  feet  under  normal  weather
  conditions.  Battery-powered, flashing-type, or constant burning markers
  shall be deemed sufficient compliance with the foregoing requirement.
2. If, in any particular case, exemption from any of the  requirements
  herein  is  deemed necessary by the railroad concerned, the commissioner
  of transportation may grant the application of such railroad,  for  such
  exemption  when  accompanied  by a petition setting forth the conditions
  existing and the reason why such exemption is asked.   Any exemption  so
  granted shall be limited to the particular case covered by the petition.
2023 New York Laws › RRD - Railroad › Article 3 - Construction, Operation and Management › 79 - Air-Brakes.

§  79.  Air-brakes.  It  shall  be  unlawful for any railroad or other
  company to haul or permit to be hauled or used  on  its  line  or  lines
  within  this state any freight train that has not a sufficient number of
  cars in it so equipped with continuous  power  or  air-brakes  that  the
  engineer  on  the  locomotive  drawing  such train can control its speed
  without requiring brakemen  to  use  the  common  hand  brake  for  that
  purpose.
2023 New York Laws › RRD - Railroad › Article 3 - Construction, Operation and Management › 80 - Couplers.

§ 80. Couplers. It shall be unlawful for any railroad or other company
  to haul, or permit to be hauled or used, on its line or lines within the
  state,  any  freight  car  not  equipped with couplers of the master car
  builders' type, and coupling automatically by impact, and which  can  be
  uncoupled,  except  in  cases  of accident, without the necessity of men
  going between the ends of the cars.
2023 New York Laws › RRD - Railroad › Article 3 - Construction, Operation and Management › 81 - Violation of Sections Seventy-Seven, Seventy-Seven-C, Seventy-Eight, Seventy-Nine, and Eighty.

§   81.   Violation   of   sections   seventy-seven,  seventy-seven-c,
  seventy-eight, seventy-nine, and eighty. Any railroad or  other  company
  hauling  or  permitting  to  be hauled on its line or lines any train in
  violation  of  any  of  the  provisions   of   sections   seventy-seven,
  seventy-seven-c, seventy-eight, seventy-nine, and eighty shall be liable
  to a fine of one hundred dollars for each and every violation. Such fine
  shall  be imposed by the commissioner of transportation and deposited in
  the general fund of the state of New York. Imposition of any  such  fine
  shall  be  subject  to  judicial  review under the provisions of article
  seventy-eight of the civil practice law and rules.
2023 New York Laws › RRD - Railroad › Article 3 - Construction, Operation and Management › 82 - Canada Thistles to Be Cut.

§  82.  Canada  thistles  to  be cut. Every railroad corporation doing
  business within this state, shall cause all Canada thistles,  white  and
  yellow  daisies  and  other  noxious weeds growing on any lands owned or
  occupied by it, to be cut down  twice  in  each  and  every  year,  once
  between  the  fifteenth day of June and the twenty-fifth day of June and
  once between the fifteenth day of August and  the  twenty-fifth  day  of
  August. If any such corporation shall neglect to cause the same to be so
  cut  down,  any person may cut the same, between the twenty-fifth day of
  June and the fifth day of July inclusive, and between  the  twenty-fifth
  day  of August and the fifth day of September inclusive in each year, at
  the expense of the corporation on whose lands the same shall be so  cut,
  at the rate of five dollars per day for the time occupied in cutting.
2023 New York Laws › RRD - Railroad › Article 3 - Construction, Operation and Management › 83 - Riding on Platform; Walking Along Track.

§ 83. Riding on platform; walking along track. No railroad corporation
  shall be liable for any injury to any passenger while on the platform of
  a  car,  or  in  any  baggage,  wood or freight car, in violation of the
  printed regulations of the corporation, posted  up  at  the  time  in  a
  conspicuous  place  inside  of the passenger cars, then in the train, if
  there shall be at the time sufficient room for the proper  accommodation
  of  the passenger inside such passenger cars. No person other than those
  connected with or employed upon the railroad shall walk  upon  or  along
  its track or tracks, except where the same shall be laid across or along
  streets  or  highways,  in  which  case he shall not walk upon the track
  unless necessary to cross  the  same.  Any  person  riding,  leading  or
  driving  any  horse  or  other  animal  upon any railroad, or within the
  fences and guards thereof, other than at a  farm  or  street  or  forest
  crossing,  without  the consent of the corporation, shall forfeit to the
  people of the state  the  sum  of  ten  dollars,  and  pay  all  damages
  sustained thereby to the party aggrieved.
2023 New York Laws › RRD - Railroad › Article 3 - Construction, Operation and Management › 83-A - Operation of Motor Vehicles, Snowmobiles, Recreational Vehicles, and Riding of Animals on Railroad Property.

§   83-a.  Operation  of  motor  vehicles,  snowmobiles,  recreational
  vehicles, and riding of animals on railroad property. Except in the case
  of a railroad employee, contractor of the railroad corporation or public
  official acting in the performance of his or her duties, no person shall
  knowingly operate a motor vehicle,  snowmobile,  or  other  recreational
  vehicle,  including  all terrain vehicles and motorcycles, or ride, lead
  or drive any horse or other  animal  upon  abandoned  railroad  property
  which  is  posted  to  prohibit  the  operation  of any such vehicles or
  animals thereupon, or upon or along the track or tracks of an  operating
  railroad  or within the fences or guards thereof, except across or along
  streets or highways or at farm or forest crossings  where  necessary  to
  cross  such  tracks  or  property. A violation of the provisions of this
  section shall constitute a violation punishable by a fine  of  not  less
  than  one  hundred  dollars  nor  more  than  two hundred fifty dollars.
  Conviction for a second or subsequent violation  of  the  provisions  of
  this  section shall be punishable by a fine of not less than two hundred
  fifty nor more than five hundred dollars.
2023 New York Laws › RRD - Railroad › Article 3 - Construction, Operation and Management › 83-B - Trespass Upon Railroad Premises.

§ 83-b. Trespass upon railroad premises. 1. Any city with a population
  of  one  million or more and the counties of Monroe, Nassau, and Suffolk
  are authorized and empowered to adopt or amend a local law or  ordinance
  designating  any  portion  or  portions  of  property  consisting  of  a
  right-of-way or yard of a  railroad  or  rapid  transit  railroad  as  a
  no-trespass  railroad  zone  and  providing  for the conspicuous posting
  thereof for purposes of establishing  criminal  liability  for  trespass
  upon  such property pursuant to subdivision (g) of section 140.10 of the
  penal law.
2. The provisions of sections eighty-three and eighty-three-a of  this
  article  shall  not be construed to prohibit or limit the prosecution of
  any person for a violation of  the  provisions  of  subdivision  (g)  of
  section 140.10 of the penal law.
2023 New York Laws › RRD - Railroad › Article 3 - Construction, Operation and Management › 84 - Corporations May Establish Ferries.

§   84.   Corporations  may  establish  ferries.  Any  steam  railroad
  corporation, incorporated under the laws of this state, with a  terminus
  in  the  harbor  of  New  York, may purchase or lease boats propelled by
  steam or otherwise, and operate the same as a ferry or  otherwise,  over
  the  waters  of  the  harbor  of New York, but this section shall not be
  construed to affect the rights of the city of New York.
2023 New York Laws › RRD - Railroad › Article 3 - Construction, Operation and Management › 85 - Certain Railroads May Cease Operation in Winter.

§  85.  Certain railroads may cease operation in winter. The directors
  of any railroad corporation operating a railroad, constructed  and  used
  principally  for  transporting lumber or ores, during the summer months,
  or for summer travel, may, by a resolution  duly  passed  at  a  meeting
  thereof,  apply  to the commissioner of transportation for permission to
  cease the operation of their road during the winter season, for a period
  not exceeding seven months in any one year, specifying the date of  such
  suspension, and the date of the reopening thereof, and such commissioner
  of  transportation  may,  in  his discretion, make an order granting the
  application wholly or in part, and thereupon such  railroad  corporation
  shall  be  relieved  of the duty of operating its road during the period
  specified in the order. A copy of such order  shall  be  posted  in  all
  depots  and  at  the  termini  of  such railroad, and published in every
  newspaper in each  town  in  any  part  of  which  such  road  shall  be
  constructed at least four weeks prior to the date of such suspension.
2023 New York Laws › RRD - Railroad › Article 3 - Construction, Operation and Management › 86 - Certain Railroads Need Not Be Operated Beyond June, July, August and September.

§ 86. Certain railroads need not be operated beyond June, July, August
  and   September.   Subject   to  the  permission  and  approval  of  the
  commissioner of transportation, any corporation, whose  railroad  is  or
  shall  be not longer than sixteen miles and is or shall be in large part
  intended for or used in summer travel  for  the  convenience  of  summer
  sojourners  need  not  operate its road beyond the months of June, July,
  August and September, inclusive. The motive power may be electricity. If
  the road be not longer than ten miles,  such  corporation  may  fix  and
  collect  fare  for  transporting  each passenger, together with ordinary
  baggage, if any, not to exceed fifteen cents for each mile and  fraction
  thereof.
2023 New York Laws › RRD - Railroad › Article 3 - Construction, Operation and Management › 87 - Mails.

§  87.  Mails.  Any railroad corporation shall, when applied to by the
  postmaster-general, convey the mails of the United States on  its  road,
  and  in case such corporation and the postmaster-general shall not agree
  as to the rate of transportation therefor, and as to the time,  rate  of
  speed,  manner  and  condition of carrying the same, the commissioner of
  transportation shall fix the  prices,  terms  and  conditions  therefor,
  after  giving  the  corporation reasonable opportunity to be heard. Such
  price shall not be less for carrying such mails in the regular passenger
  trains than the amount which such corporation would receive  as  freight
  on a like weight of merchandise transported in their merchandise trains,
  and   a   fair   compensation   for   the   post-office   car.   If  the
  postmaster-general shall require the mail to be carried at other  hours,
  or  at  higher  speed than the passenger trains are run, the corporation
  shall furnish an extra train for the  mail,  and  be  allowed  an  extra
  compensation  for  the  expenses  and wear and tear thereof, and for the
  service to be fixed as herein provided.
Every railroad corporation refusing or neglecting to comply  with  any
  provision  of  this section shall forfeit to the people of the state one
  hundred dollars for every day such neglect or refusal continues.
2023 New York Laws › RRD - Railroad › Article 3 - Construction, Operation and Management › 95 - Proceedings by Commissioner of Transportation for Alteration of Existing Crossings.

§  95. Proceedings by commissioner of transportation for alteration of
  existing crossings. The  commissioner  of  transportation  may,  in  the
  absence of any application therefor, when in his opinion public interest
  requires  an alteration in an existing grade crossing or a change in any
  existing structure above or below grade, institute  proceedings  on  his
  own motion for any alteration in an existing grade crossing or structure
  for which a municipal corporation may petition under section ninety-one,
  upon  such notice as he shall deem reasonable, of not less than ten days
  however, to the railroad company,  the  municipal  corporation  and  the
  person  or  persons  interested,  and  proceedings shall be conducted as
  provided in section ninety-one. Notwithstanding any other  provision  of
  law  the  commissioner  of  transportation shall not, within areas which
  were  within  the  jurisdiction  of  the  transit  commission  on  March
  thirty-first,  nineteen  hundred forty-three, order the elevation of any
  railroad running longitudinally on a right-of-way in, upon  or  along  a
  street,  avenue,  highway or road without the concurrent approval of the
  local authorities of the city on which the railroad or such part thereof
  is located. The  changes  in  existing  grade  crossings  or  structures
  authorized  or required by the commissioner of transportation in any one
  year shall  be  so  distributed  and  apportioned  over  and  among  the
  railroads  and  the  municipalities  of  the  state  as  to produce such
  equality of burden  upon  them  for  their  proportionate  part  of  the
  expenses  as  herein provided for as the nature and circumstances of the
  cases before it will permit.
2023 New York Laws › RRD - Railroad › Article 3 - Construction, Operation and Management › 96 - Proceedings to Enforce Orders of Commissioner of Transportation.

§ 96. Proceedings to enforce orders of commissioner of transportation.
  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the corporation, municipality or person or
  persons  to  whom  the  decisions  or  orders  of  the  commissioner  of
  transportation  are  directed,  as  provided  in  sections  eighty-nine,
  ninety, ninety-one and ninety-five, to comply with  such  decisions  and
  orders,  and  in  case  of  their  failure  so to do the commissioner of
  transportation shall thereupon commence an action or special  proceeding
  to  compel  obedience to the decisions and orders of the commissioner of
  transportation. The supreme court at a special term shall have the power
  in all cases of  such  decisions  and  orders  by  the  commissioner  of
  transportation   to   compel   compliance   therewith,   or   under  the
  transportation law, subject to appeal to the appellate division  of  the
  supreme  court and the court of appeals in the same manner and with like
  effect as is provided in case of appeals from a judgment of the  supreme
  court.
2023 New York Laws › RRD - Railroad › Article 3 - Construction, Operation and Management › 98 - Intersection of Railroads.

§  98.  Intersection  of  railroads.  All  steam  railroads  hereafter
  constructed across the tracks of  any  other  railroad  and  any  street
  surface  railroad hereafter constructed across a steam railroad shall be
  above, below, or at grade of such existing railroad as the  commissioner
  of   transportation   shall   determine,   and   the   commissioner   of
  transportation shall in such determination fix the proportion of expense
  of such crossing to be paid by each railroad.
2023 New York Laws › RRD - Railroad › Article 3 - Construction, Operation and Management › 99 - Application of Foregoing Section.

§  99.  Application  of  foregoing section. The provisions of sections
  eighty-nine to ninety-eight, inclusive, of this chapter shall also apply
  to all steam surface railroads  existing  on  the  first  day  of  July,
  eighteen  hundred  and ninety-seven, or thereafter, on which, after said
  date, electricity or some other agency than steam shall  be  substituted
  as  a  motive power. None of the provisions of said sections shall apply
  to crossings in the city of  Syracuse  under  the  jurisdiction  of  the
  Syracuse   grade  crossing  commission.  The  terms  "municipality"  and
  "municipal corporation" as used in said sections shall  include  cities,
  villages, towns and counties.
2023 New York Laws › RRD - Railroad › Article 3 - Construction, Operation and Management › 100 - Temporary Leave Granted by Court to a Street Surface Railroad; Bond.

§  100. Temporary leave granted by court to a street surface railroad;
  bond. Whenever the railroad or route  of  any  street  surface  railroad
  corporation  shall  intersect  and  cross, or shall cross the tracks and
  roadbed of any railroad, operated by locomotive, steam or  other  power,
  which  are  laid  in,  across or upon the surface of any street, avenue,
  road or highway in any city, town or village of the state,  having  less
  than  five hundred thousand inhabitants and such street surface railroad
  corporation having been unable to agree with the corporation owning  the
  tracks  and  roadbed so intersected or to be intersected and crossed, as
  to the line or  lines,  grade  or  grades,  points  or  manner  of  such
  intersection and crossing, or upon the compensation to be made therefor,
  shall  have applied to the court by petition to appoint commissioners to
  determine the same, the court shall upon application made by such street
  surface railroad corporation, at, or after, the time of the  appointment
  of  such  commissioners,  or if an answer to the petition of such street
  surface  railroad  corporation  has  been  interposed,   at   any   time
  thereafter,  direct  that  such  street  surface railroad corporation be
  permitted to lay its tracks across, and to intersect, upon  the  surface
  of  the  street, avenue, road or highway, the tracks and roadbed of such
  railroad operated by locomotive steam  or  other  power,  provided  such
  street  surface railroad corporation shall at the time of obtaining such
  order, make and  file  with  the  clerk  of  said  court,  its  bond  or
  undertaking  in  writing, in an amount and with surety or sureties to be
  approved by the court, conditioned for the full and faithful performance
  by such street surface railroad corporation of any  and  all  conditions
  and  requirements  which  may  be  imposed  by said commissioners and be
  affirmed by the court, in  determining  the  line  or  lines,  grade  or
  grades, points or manner of such intersection and crossing and as to the
  amount  of  compensation  to  be  paid therefor, and also conditioned to
  conform such crossing and intersection made by virtue of such  order  of
  the  court to the requirements made by said commissioners as affirmed by
  the court.
2023 New York Laws › RRD - Railroad › Article 3 - Construction, Operation and Management › 101 - Consent of Commissioner of Transportation in Certain Cases.

§  101. Consent of commissioner of transportation in certain cases. No
  street surface railroad shall be allowed to  lay  its  tracks  at  grade
  across  the  tracks  or  roadbed  of any railroad operated by locomotive
  steam power at any point where there are three or  more  tracks  of  the
  steam  road  proposed  to be crossed, which tracks have been constructed
  and in operation at least two years, unless the written consent  of  the
  commissioner  of  transportation  be first obtained for such crossing at
  grade. But this section shall not affect the operation of the  preceding
  section  in  any  suit  or proceeding pending on the twenty-ninth day of
  March, eighteen hundred and  ninety-three,  nor  any  renewals  of  said
  pending suit or proceeding brought for any cause.
2023 New York Laws › RRD - Railroad › Article 3 - Construction, Operation and Management › 102 - Ventilation of Tunnels.

§  102.  Ventilation of tunnels. The commissioner of transportation is
  hereby authorized, empowered and given full and  complete  authority  to
  require  and compel all tunnels used or to be used by railroads operated
  by any form of power in this state to be properly  ventilated,  in  such
  manner  and by such means and mechanical appliances as said commissioner
  of transportation may direct.
2023 New York Laws › RRD - Railroad › Article 3 - Construction, Operation and Management › 103 - Lighting of Tunnels.

§ 103. Lighting of tunnels. The commissioner of transportation is also
  hereby  authorized,  empowered  and given full and complete authority to
  require and compel all tunnels used or to be used by railroads  operated
  by  any  form  of  power  in  this  state,  to  be  properly  lighted by
  electricity or otherwise, or by such means or in  such  manner  as  said
  commissioner of transportation may direct.
2023 New York Laws › RRD - Railroad › Article 3 - Construction, Operation and Management › 104 - Compliance With Orders of Commissioner of Transportation.

§  104.  Compliance  with  orders  of  commissioner of transportation.
  Whenever the commissioner of transportation shall cause to be personally
  served upon any railroad corporation controlling any tunnel or part of a
  tunnel in this state for the purpose of operating a railroad or  moving,
  hauling  or  propelling  cars  therein  by  steam,  by delivering a copy
  personally to the president, general manager or  any  director  of  said
  corporation of a notice or order of said commissioner of transportation,
  stating  and specifying the structures to be erected, the manner, means,
  mechanical  appliances  and  apparatus  to  be  used  in   lighting   or
  ventilating  any  tunnel  or  tunnels  used  by said corporation for the
  purpose of moving, hauling  or  propelling  cars  by  steam  therein  as
  aforesaid, said corporation shall, within thirty days from and after the
  service  of  said  notice  or  order  as aforesaid, cause said tunnel or
  tunnels so used by it as aforesaid to be lighted or ventilated, or both,
  in the manner and by the means and use of the mechanical  apparatus  and
  appliances specified and pointed out in said notice or order.
2023 New York Laws › RRD - Railroad › Article 3 - Construction, Operation and Management › 105 - Enforcement.

§  105.  Enforcement.  After  the  expiration  of thirty days from the
  service of said order or notice specified in the preceding  section,  as
  therein directed, if said corporation shall not have fully complied with
  said notice or order, the commissioner of transportation may commence an
  action or special proceeding hereunder, or under the transportation law,
  in  the  supreme  court  for  a  judgment  to compel said corporation or
  corporations so neglecting or refusing to  obey  and  comply  with  said
  order  or  notice to comply with and obey said notice or order, and said
  court shall have full power and authority to  hear  and  determine  said
  matter,  and  after  giving  the  corporation  or corporations proceeded
  against an opportunity to be heard in its or their  defense,  to  compel
  said corporation or corporations so proceeded against to obey said order
  or  notice,  and  forthwith comply with and carry out the provisions and
  requirements therein contained.
2023 New York Laws › RRD - Railroad › Article 3 - Construction, Operation and Management › 106 - Penalty for Violation.

§  106.  Penalty for violation. Every corporation violating any of the
  provisions  of  the  preceding  four  sections  shall  be  guilty  of  a
  misdemeanor and may be indicted therefor, and may be compelled to appear
  and  plead  to  an  indictment  therefor in the person of its president,
  secretary, treasurer or any director thereof, and a  bench  warrant  may
  issue out of any competent court to compel such attendance and pleading,
  and,  upon  conviction thereof, such corporations shall be punished by a
  fine of one thousand dollars, and an additional  fine  of  five  hundred
  dollars  a day for each and every day or part of a day after thirty days
  from the due service of said notice or order that said corporation shall
  refuse or neglect to obey and carry out the requirements and  provisions
  of the same, and duly sentenced to pay the same.
2023 New York Laws › RRD - Railroad › Article 3 - Construction, Operation and Management › 107 - Judgment-Roll.

§  107.  Judgment-roll.  It shall be the duty of the district attorney
  prosecuting any corporation for a violation of any of the provisions  of
  sections one hundred and three, one hundred and four and one hundred and
  five,  that  shall  be  convicted  thereof  and  sentenced to pay a fine
  therefor, to cause a judgment-roll to be  made  up,  consisting  of  the
  indictment,  orders  and sentence of the court and a formal judgment, to
  be prepared by him, which judgment shall be duly signed by the clerk  of
  the  county  in which said trial took place; said judgment-roll shall be
  filed by said county clerk and said judgment shall be duly  recorded  in
  the  book  of  judgments in said county and duly entered and docketed by
  said county clerk in said county the same as if said judgment  had  been
  obtained  in  a  civil  action,  and  said  judgment so duly entered and
  docketed shall become and be a lien upon all of the real estate of  said
  corporation  against  which  the  same  is  obtained, and the collection
  thereof may be enforced by execution to be  issued  and  signed  by  the
  district  attorney of the county where the trial of said indictment took
  place, in the same manner and to  the  same  extent  as  executions  are
  collected in civil actions.
2023 New York Laws › RRD - Railroad › Article 3 - Construction, Operation and Management › 108 - Approval of Appliances in Cities Having a Population of One Million Inhabitants or Over.

§  108.  Approval  of  appliances in cities having a population of one
  million inhabitants or over. In cities in this state having a population
  of one million inhabitants or over, where tunnels are or  may  hereafter
  be  operated or controlled by any railroad corporation, such portions of
  any mechanical or other devices or appliances as may be  required  under
  the  provisions  of  the  preceding six sections to be constructed on or
  above the surface of any streets, avenues or other  places  under  which
  such  tunnels  may  be  built, shall be subject as to form, material and
  construction, to the approval of the local authorities of  such  cities,
  except that in the city of New York such approval shall be by a majority
  vote  of  the  mayor,  the  comptroller,  the  commissioner of parks and
  recreation of said city and the president of the borough of said city in
  which such mechanical or other device or appliance is to be constructed.
2023 New York Laws › RRD - Railroad › Article 4 - Consolidation, Lease, Sale and Reorganization › 141 - Mergers and Consolidations of Certain Railroad Corporations.

§  141.  Mergers  and consolidations of certain railroad corporations.
  With the consent and approval  of  the  commissioner  of  transportation
  pursuant  to section one hundred eighty-eight of the transportation law,
  a railroad corporation all of whose outstanding shares of each class are
  owned by a corporation, domestic or foreign, which has as its purpose or
  among its purposes a purpose for which a corporation may be formed under
  the business corporation law, may merge into or  consolidate  with  such
  owning  corporation, following the procedure and with the effect set out
  in article nine of the business corporation law; provided, however, that
  upon  such  merger  or  consolidation  the  surviving  or   consolidated
  corporation,  if  a  domestic  corporation, shall not possess any of the
  rights, privileges, immunities, powers and  purposes  of  such  railroad
  corporation  which  could  not  be  lawfully  possessed by a corporation
  formed under the business corporation law.
2023 New York Laws › RRD - Railroad › Article 4 - Consolidation, Lease, Sale and Reorganization › 144 - Assessment of Property of New or Surviving Corporation.

§  144.  Assessment  of property of new or surviving corporation.  The
  real estate of such new or surviving corporation,  situate  within  this
  state, shall be assessed and taxed in the several towns and cities where
  the  same  shall  be situated in like manner as the real estate of other
  railroad corporations  is  or  may  be  taxed  and  assessed,  and  such
  proportion  of  the  capital  stock and personal property of such new or
  surviving corporation shall in like manner be assessed and taxed in this
  state, as the number of miles of its  railroad  situate  in  this  state
  bears to the total number of miles of its railroad.
2023 New York Laws › RRD - Railroad › Article 4 - Consolidation, Lease, Sale and Reorganization › 145 - Stocks of Municipal Corporations, How Represented.

§  145.  Stocks  of  municipal corporations, how represented.   At any
  meeting of the stockholders of any railroad corporation to consider  any
  agreement  or proposition of consolidation, merger, lease or conveyance,
  or other matter, the commissioners or other officers  of  any  municipal
  corporation holding or having charge of any of the capital stock of such
  railroad corporation shall represent such municipal corporation, and may
  act  and  vote  in  person  or  by proxy on all matters relating to such
  consolidation or lease in the same manner as individual stockholders.
2023 New York Laws › RRD - Railroad › Article 4 - Consolidation, Lease, Sale and Reorganization › 146 - Foreclosure of Mortgages Made by Consolidated Railroads Partly in the State.

§  146. Foreclosure of mortgages made by consolidated railroads partly
  in the state.  Whenever a railroad corporation of this or of  any  other
  state  or states whose line of road lies partly in this state and partly
  in another state or states, shall have  executed  a  mortgage  upon  its
  entire  line  of  railroad,  and a sale of the entire line of road under
  such mortgage shall have been or may hereafter be ordered, adjudged  and
  decreed  by a court of competent jurisdiction of the state or states, or
  by a court of the United States sitting within the state  or  states  in
  which  the  greater  part of such line of railroad may be situated, upon
  the confirmation of such judgment  or  decree,  and  of  the  sale  made
  thereunder,  by  the supreme court of this state or by the circuit court
  of the United States in the judicial district in which some part of such
  line of road is situated, such sale shall operate to pass title  to  the
  purchaser,  of  that  part  of the line of railroad lying in this state,
  together with its appurtenances and franchises, with the same force  and
  effect  as  if  the judgment or decree under which such sale is had, had
  been made by a court of  competent  jurisdiction  of  this  state.  Such
  judgment  or  decree  and  sale  may be so ordered, adjudged, decreed or
  confirmed in any action or proceeding heretofore or hereafter brought in
  the supreme court, or in a court of the United States  sitting  in  this
  state,  for the foreclosure of such mortgage, or in aid of an action for
  that purpose in such other state or states, if it shall appear that such
  confirmation is for the interest of the public and of the  parties,  due
  and  lawful  provision  being  made for and in respect of any liens upon
  that part of the line of road or other property  sold  situate  in  this
  state, and for such costs, expenses and charges as may appear to be just
  and lawful. If a receiver of the entire line of such railroad shall have
  been,  or  may  hereafter  be  appointed  by  such  court  of  competent
  jurisdiction of the state in which the  greater  part  of  the  line  of
  railroad is situated, or by a court of the United States sitting in such
  other state, such receiver may perform, within this state, the duties of
  his office not inconsistent with the laws of this state, and may sue and
  be sued in the courts of this state.
2023 New York Laws › RRD - Railroad › Article 4 - Consolidation, Lease, Sale and Reorganization › 147 - Powers of Corporations Organized to Acquire and Operate Railroads Partly in the State.

§  147.  Powers  of  corporations  organized  to  acquire  and operate
  railroads partly in the state.  A railroad corporation created under the
  laws of the state or states in which the greater part of the line of its
  railroad may be  situated,  or  a  railroad  corporation  heretofore  or
  hereafter  created  under  this chapter or other statutes of this state,
  for the purpose of taking title to, and operating, the line of  road  as
  so  sold,  under  a judgment or decree of a court of this state, or of a
  court of the United States sitting in this state, for the foreclosure of
  a mortgage, with its franchises and appurtenances, may hold, possess and
  operate not only those parts of the railroad lying in other states,  but
  also  that  part  of  the line of such railroad lying in this state, and
  shall be subject to the duties and liabilities to which such corporation
  was, by the laws of this state, subject, and to such  further  or  other
  duties  and  liabilities  as  are now or may hereafter be imposed by law
  upon railroad corporations of this state, and to the provisions  of  any
  other   statute   of   this   state  concerning  the  reorganization  of
  corporations. An exemplified copy of the certificate or certificates  of
  incorporation,  under  and  by  virtue  of which any such corporation is
  created in any other state, and a certified  copy  of  the  judgment  or
  decree  of  any  court  sitting  in  any  other  state, under which said
  railroad shall have been sold, and a certified  copy  of  the  order  or
  judgment  or  decree  of  confirmation  and  approval  required  by  the
  preceding section, or of the order, judgment or decree of the  court  of
  this  state,  or  of  the United States in this state, which decreed the
  sale, confirming  the  same,  shall  be  filed  in  the  office  of  the
  department  of  state  for  this  state, and in the office of the county
  clerk of the county where its principal business office in this state is
  or shall be located.
This section and the preceding one shall apply in respect of  decrees,
  foreclosures,  sales, confirmations, reorganizations and incorporations,
  whether heretofore or hereafter made, provided, however, that nothing in
  either of said sections shall affect any action or proceeding pending in
  any court, on or before the first day of  April,  eighteen  hundred  and
  ninety-six,   to   establish   the  invalidity  of  any  foreclosure  or
  reorganization theretofore had, or to  enforce  any  judgment  or  claim
  arising before such foreclosure or reorganization.
2023 New York Laws › RRD - Railroad › Article 4 - Consolidation, Lease, Sale and Reorganization › 148 - Lease and Conveyance of Road.

§  148.  Lease and conveyance of road.  A railroad corporation may not
  contract, by way of lease, agreement to convey or  otherwise,  with  any
  other  such corporation for the use of their respective roads or routes,
  or any part thereof, situated within this state, without the  permission
  and approval of the commissioner of transportation.
2023 New York Laws › RRD - Railroad › Article 4 - Consolidation, Lease, Sale and Reorganization › 151 - Mortgagee May Purchase at Foreclosure Sale.

§  151.  Mortgagee may purchase at foreclosure sale.  Any mortgagee of
  the property and franchises of any railroad corporation may  become  the
  purchaser  of  the  same  at  any  sale thereof under the mortgage, upon
  foreclosure by  advertisement,  or  under  a  judgment,  or  decree,  or
  otherwise, and hold and use the same, with all the rights and privileges
  belonging  thereto  or connected therewith for the period of six months,
  and convey the same to any railroad corporation.
2023 New York Laws › RRD - Railroad › Article 4 - Consolidation, Lease, Sale and Reorganization › 162 - Acquisition and Maintenance of Railroad Built, Owned or Operated by a Corporation Not Organized Under This Chapter.

§  162.  Acquisition  and  maintenance  of  railroad  built,  owned or
  operated by a corporation not organized under this chapter.  No railroad
  corporation organized under subdivision three of section  five  of  this
  chapter  shall  acquire,  purchase  or  lease  or maintain and operate a
  railroad already built, owned and operated  by  a  corporation  of  this
  state  not  organized under the railroad law, unless the commissioner of
  transportation shall consent thereto.
2023 New York Laws › RRD - Railroad › Article 5 - Street Surface Railroads › 172 - Consent of Local Authorities; How Procured.

§  172.  Consent  of local authorities; how procured.  The application
  for the consent of the local authorities shall be in writing and  before
  acting  thereon such authorities shall give public notice thereof and of
  the time and place when it will first be considered, which notice  shall
  be  published daily in any city for at least fourteen days in two of its
  daily newspapers if there be two, if not, in one, to  be  designated  by
  the  mayor,  and  in any village or town for at least fourteen days in a
  newspaper published therein, if any there shall be, and  if  none,  then
  daily  in two daily newspapers if there be two, if not, one published in
  the city nearest  such  village  or  town.  Upon  application  for  such
  consent,  the  local  authorities  shall also give written notice of the
  filing of such application to all common carriers operating in the town,
  village or city to the local authorities of which  such  application  is
  made.  Such  consent  must  be  upon  the  expressed  condition that the
  provisions of this article pertinent thereto shall be complied with, and
  shall be filed in the office of the clerk of the county  in  which  such
  railroad  is  located.  Whenever  the consent of the common council of a
  city is applied for, the first consideration, of which notice is  hereby
  required,  may  be by committee of such common council. Any such notice,
  publication or consideration heretofore or hereafter given, made or  had
  in  substantial conformity with the requirements of this section, is and
  shall be sufficient notice, publication and consideration  for  all  the
  purposes  hereof  notwithstanding any conflicting provision of any local
  or special act or charter.
2023 New York Laws › RRD - Railroad › Article 5 - Street Surface Railroads › 173-A - .

§  173-a.   The term "terminable permit" as used in this article shall
  mean and embrace every grant from a city,  town  or  village  of  power,
  right or privilege to occupy or use any of the streets, roads, highways,
  avenues,  parks  or  public places of such city, town or village for the
  construction and operation of a street surface railroad, until such time
  as the city, town or village shall exercise its right  to  purchase  the
  property,  plant  and  equipment  of  such  street  surface  railroad in
  accordance  with  the   provisions   of   sections   one   hundred   and
  seventy-three-a  to  one hundred and seventy-three-h, both inclusive, of
  this article, or until it shall be  otherwise  terminated  according  to
  law.
2023 New York Laws › RRD - Railroad › Article 5 - Street Surface Railroads › 173-B - .

§  173-b.   Every city, town and village of this state, in addition to
  such powers  as  it  may  have  relating  to  the  granting  of  rights,
  privileges,  franchises,  powers  or consents to use the streets, roads,
  highways, avenues, parks or  public  places  for  the  construction  and
  operation of street surface railroads within its corporate limits, shall
  have  power,  subject  to  the  provisions  of  sections one hundred and
  seventy-three-a to one hundred and seventy-three-h, both  inclusive,  of
  this  article,  to  grant to a duly incorporated railroad corporation of
  this state, organized  to  construct,  maintain  and  operate  a  street
  surface  railroad,  a  terminable  permit  to  occupy  or use any of the
  streets, roads, highways, avenues, parks or public places of such  city,
  town  or  village for the construction and operation of a street surface
  railroad, and to agree upon and contract for the  terms  and  conditions
  thereof;  provided  that  no  street  surface  railroad or extensions or
  branches thereof  shall  be  built,  extended  or  operated  unless  the
  conditions  set  forth  in  section  one hundred and seventy-one of this
  article have been complied with.
2023 New York Laws › RRD - Railroad › Article 5 - Street Surface Railroads › 173-C - .

§ 173-c.  Every city, town and village of this state shall have power,
  subject to the provisions of sections one hundred and seventy-three-a to
  one  hundred  and  seventy-three-h,  both inclusive, of this article, to
  enter into an agreement for the purchase of and to acquire  by  purchase
  all or any part of the property, plant and equipment of a street surface
  railroad,  actually  used  and useful for the convenience of the public,
  operating under any terminable permit as herein provided, and  upon  the
  purchase  thereof  to  operate  such  street  surface  railroad  or part
  thereof, or to contract with any person, firm  or  corporation  for  the
  equipment, maintenance and operation thereof.
2023 New York Laws › RRD - Railroad › Article 5 - Street Surface Railroads › 173-D - .

§  173-d.   Whenever any street surface railroad is or may be operated
  along or upon any of the streets, roads,  highways,  avenues,  parks  or
  public  places  of any city, town or village, as to the construction and
  operation of which railroad the conditions  set  forth  in  section  one
  hundred  and  seventy-one of this article have been complied with, or as
  to which such conditions are inapplicable,  every  such  city,  town  or
  village shall have power to amend any existing license, grant, franchise
  or  permit,  or  any  of  the  terms,  provisions or conditions thereof,
  whether granted by municipal authority or directly or indirectly by  the
  state  or  otherwise, or any consent of local authorities, or any of the
  terms, provisions or conditions thereof, relating  to  the  construction
  and operation of such railroad; and every city, town and village of this
  state  shall have power by amendment to incorporate in any such license,
  grant, franchise, permit or consent all or any of the terms, agreements,
  stipulations and conditions of a terminable permit as herein  authorized
  and  defined; provided, however, that the amendment of any such license,
  grant, franchise, permit or consent shall only be made with the  consent
  and  agreement  of  the person, firm or corporation owning such license,
  grant, franchise, permit or consent  or  operating  the  street  surface
  railroad thereunder.
2023 New York Laws › RRD - Railroad › Article 5 - Street Surface Railroads › 173-E - .

§  173-e.  The acceptance of a terminable permit, or the acceptance of
  an amendment to  any  existing  license,  grant,  franchise,  permit  or
  consent  incorporating  therein  the terms of a terminable permit, shall
  constitute a consent by  the  street  surface  railroad  corporation  or
  corporations, or other person, firm or corporation so accepting the same
  to  the  purchase by the city, town or village of all or any part of the
  street surface railroad property, plant and equipment actually used  and
  useful  for  the  public and situated within the corporate limits of the
  city, town or village, as provided for in this article.
2023 New York Laws › RRD - Railroad › Article 5 - Street Surface Railroads › 173-F - .

§ 173-f.  Every terminable permit, and every amendment to any existing
  license,  grant,  franchise, permit or consent incorporating therein the
  terms of a terminable permit, shall contain an  irrevocable  option  for
  the  purchase  by  the city, town or village, either directly or through
  its nominee or nominees, of all or any part of the property,  plant  and
  equipment  of the street surface railroad at any time, at a price agreed
  upon or to be ascertained and determined in a manner agreed upon at  the
  time  of  the  granting  of  the permit or amendment and to be set forth
  therein. Any  such  permit  or  amendment  may  contain  provisions  for
  amortizing  out  of  earnings  or  in  accordance  with  an amortization
  schedule or schedules to  be  set  forth  therein,  over  a  period  not
  exceeding  fifty years, the price to be paid for all or such part of the
  property, plant and equipment of the street surface railroad and for any
  additions thereto or betterments or improvements thereof, so  that  upon
  the  exercise of the option the city, town or village, or its nominee or
  nominees, shall be required to pay only the unamortized portion of  such
  price,  and  may  contain  any other terms, agreements, stipulations and
  conditions as may be authorized by any statute of the state, or  as  the
  city,  town  or  village may deem proper and in the public interest, and
  may provide for the termination thereof for any legal cause.