2023 New Mexico Statutes › Chapter 55 - Uniform Commercial Code › Article 8 - Investment Securities › Part 1 - SHORT TITLE AND GENERAL MATTERS › Section 55-8-103 - Rules for determining whether certain obligations and interests are securities or financial assets.

(a) A share or similar equity interest issued by a corporation, business trust, joint stock company or similar entity is a security.
(b) An "investment company security" is a security. "Investment company security" means a share or similar equity interest issued by an entity that is registered as an investment company under the federal investment company laws, an interest in a unit investment trust that is so registered or a face-amount certificate issued by a face-amount certificate company that is so registered. Investment company security does not include an insurance policy or endowment policy or annuity contract issued by an insurance company.
(c) An interest in a partnership or limited liability company is not a security unless it is dealt in or traded on securities exchanges or in securities markets, its terms expressly provide that it is a security governed by this article or it is an investment company security. However, an interest in a partnership or limited liability company is a financial asset if it is held in a securities account.
(d) A writing that is a security certificate is governed by Chapter 55, Article 8 NMSA 1978 and not by Chapter 55, Article 3 NMSA 1978, even though it also meets the requirements of that article. However, a negotiable instrument governed by Chapter 55, Article 3 NMSA 1978 is a financial asset if it is held in a securities account.
(e) An option or similar obligation issued by a clearing corporation to its participants is not a security. It is a financial asset.
(f) A commodity contract, as defined in Paragraph (15) of Subsection (a) of Section 55-9-102 NMSA 1978, is not a security or a financial asset.
(g) A document of title is not a financial asset unless Subparagraph (iii) of Paragraph (9) of Subsection (a) of Section 55-8-102 NMSA 1978 applies.
History:
1978 Comp., § 55-8-103, enacted by Laws 1996, ch. 47, § 7; 2001, ch. 139, § 140; 2005, ch. 144, § 93.
OFFICIAL COMMENTS
UCC Official Comments by ALI & the NCCUSL. Reproduced with permission of the PEB for the UCC. All rights reserved.
1. This section contains rules that supplement the definitions of "financial asset" and "security" in Section 8-102 [55-8-102 NMSA 1978]. The Section 8-102 definitions are worded in general terms, because they must be sufficiently comprehensive and flexible to cover the wide variety of investment products that now exist or may develop. The rules in this section are intended to foreclose interpretive issues concerning the application of the general definitions to several specific investment products. No implication is made about the application of the Section 8-102 definitions to investment products not covered by this section.
2. Subsection (a) establishes an unconditional rule that ordinary corporate stock is a security. That is so whether or not the particular issue is dealt in or traded on securities exchanges or in securities markets. Thus, shares of closely held corporations are Article 8 securities.
3. Subsection (b) establishes that the Article 8 term "security" includes the various forms of the investment vehicles offered to the public by investment companies registered as such under the federal Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. This clarification is prompted principally by the fact that the typical transaction in shares of open-end investment companies is an issuance or redemption, rather than a transfer of shares from one person to another as is the case with ordinary corporate stock. For similar reasons, the definitions of indorsement, instruction, and entitlement order in Section 8-102 [55-8-102 NMSA 1978] refer to "redemptions" as well as "transfers," to ensure that the Article 8 rules on such matters as signature guaranties, Section 8-306 [55-8-306 NMSA 1978], assurances, Sections 8-402 [55-8-402 NMSA 1978] and 8-507 [55-8-507 NMSA 1978], and effectiveness, Section 8-107 [55-8-107 NMSA 1978], apply to directions to redeem mutual fund shares. The exclusion of insurance products is needed because some insurance company separate accounts are registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, but these are not traded under the usual Article 8 mechanics.
4. Subsection (c) is designed to foreclose interpretive questions that might otherwise be raised by the application of the "of a type" language of Section 8-102(a)(15)(iii) [55-8-102(a)(15)(iii) NMSA 1978] to partnership interests. Subsection (c) establishes the general rule that partnership interests or shares of limited liability companies are not Article 8 securities unless they are in fact dealt in or traded on securities exchanges or in securities markets. The issuer, however, may explicitly "opt-in" by specifying that the interests or shares are securities governed by Article 8. Partnership interests or shares of limited liability companies are included in the broader term "financial asset." Thus, if they are held through a securities account, the indirect holding system rules of Part 5 apply, and the interest of a person who holds them through such an account is a security entitlement.
5. Subsection (d) deals with the line between Article 3 negotiable instruments and Article 8 investment securities. It continues the rule of the prior version of Article 8 that a writing that meets the Article 8 definition is covered by Article 8 rather than Article 3, even though it also meets the definition of negotiable instrument. However, subsection (d) provides that an Article 3 negotiable instrument is a "financial asset" so that the indirect holding system rules apply if the instrument is held through a securities intermediary. This facilitates making items such as money market instruments eligible for deposit in clearing corporations.
6. Subsection (e) is included to clarify the treatment of investment products such as traded stock options, which are treated as financial assets but not securities. Thus, the indirect holding system rules of Part 5 apply, but the direct holding system rules of Parts 2, 3, and 4 do not.
7. Subsection (f) excludes commodity contracts from all of Article 8. However, the Article 9 rules on security interests in investment property do apply to security interests in commodity positions.
See
Section 9-115 [55-9-115 NMSA 1978] and Comment 8 thereto. "Commodity contract" is defined in Section 9-115.
8. Subsection (g) allows a document of title to be a financial asset and thus subject to the indirect holding system rules of Part 5 only to the extent that the intermediary and the person entitled under the document so agree pursuant to Section 8-102(a)(9)(iii) [55-8-102 NMSA 1978]. Subsection (h), added pursuant to the 2022 Amendments, adopts the same approach for a controllable account, controllable electronic record, or controllable payment intangible. This is to prevent the inadvertent application of the Part 5 rules to intermediaries who may hold electronic or tangible documents of title or controllable accounts, controllable electronic records, or controllable payment intangibles.
"Clearing corporation" Section 8-102(a)(5) [55-8-102 NMSA 1978]
"Commodity contract" Section 9-115 [55-9-115 NMSA 1978]
"Financial asset" Section 8-102(a)(9) [55-8-102(a)(9) NMSA 1978]
"Security" Section 8-102(a)(15) [55-8-102(a)(15) NMSA 1978]
"Security certificate" Section 8-102(a)(16) [55-8-102(a)(16) NMSA 1978]
ANNOTATIONS
Repeals and reenactments.
— Laws 1996, ch. 47, § 7 repealed former 55-8-103 NMSA 1978, as amended by Laws 1987, ch. 248, § 4, relating to issuer's lien, and enacted a new section, effective May 15, 1996.
The 2005 amendment,
effective January 1, 2006, added Subsection (g) to provide that a document of title is not a financial asset unless Section 55-8-102(a)(9)(iii) applies.
The 2001 amendment,
effective July 1, 2001, updated the internal reference in Subsection (f).