reglab/statecodes huggingface dataset:
2023 New York Laws › PEN - Penal › Part 4 - Administrative Provisions › Title Y-2 - Corrupting the Government › Article 496 - Corrupting the Government › 496.04 - Corrupting the Government in the Second Degree.

§ 496.04 Corrupting the government in the second degree.
A  person  is guilty of corrupting the government in the second degree
  when, being a public  servant,  or  acting  in  concert  with  a  public
  servant, he or she engages in a scheme constituting a systematic ongoing
  course  of  conduct  with  intent  to  defraud  the state or one or more
  political  subdivisions  of  the  state  or  one  or  more  governmental
  instrumentalities  within  the state to obtain property, actual services
  or other  resources,  or  obtain  property,  actual  services  or  other
  resources  from  the state, or any political subdivision or governmental
  instrumentality  of  the  state  by  false  or   fraudulent   pretenses,
  representations   or  promises,  and  thereby  wrongfully  obtains  such
  property, actual services or other resources with a value in  excess  of
  twenty thousand dollars.
Corrupting the government in the second degree is a class C felony.
2023 New York Laws › PEN - Penal › Part 4 - Administrative Provisions › Title Y-2 - Corrupting the Government › Article 496 - Corrupting the Government › 496.05 - Corrupting the Government in the First Degree.

§ 496.05 Corrupting the government in the first degree.
A  person  is  guilty of corrupting the government in the first degree
  when, being a public  servant,  or  acting  in  concert  with  a  public
  servant, he or she engages in a scheme constituting a systematic ongoing
  course  of  conduct  with  intent  to  defraud  the state or one or more
  political  subdivisions  of  the  state  or  one  or  more  governmental
  instrumentalities  within  the state to obtain property, actual services
  or other resources, or to obtain  property,  actual  services  or  other
  resources  from  the state, or any political subdivision or governmental
  instrumentality  of  the  state  by  false  or   fraudulent   pretenses,
  representations   or  promises,  and  thereby  wrongfully  obtains  such
  property, actual services or other resources with a value in  excess  of
  one hundred thousand dollars.
Corrupting the government in the first degree is a class B felony.
2023 New York Laws › PEN - Penal › Part 4 - Administrative Provisions › Title Y-2 - Corrupting the Government › Article 496 - Corrupting the Government › 496.06 - Public Corruption.

§ 496.06 Public corruption.
1. A person commits the crime of public corruption when: (a) (i) being
  a  public  servant he or she commits a specified offense through the use
  of his or her public office, or (ii) being a person  acting  in  concert
  with  such public servant he or she commits a specified offense, and (b)
  the state or any  political  subdivision  thereof  or  any  governmental
  instrumentality within the state is the owner of the property.
2. A "specified offense" is an offense defined by any of the following
  provisions  of  this  chapter:  section  155.25 (petit larceny); section
  155.30 (grand larceny in  the  fourth  degree);  section  155.35  (grand
  larceny  in  the  third  degree);  section  155.40 (grand larceny in the
  second degree); section 155.42 (grand  larceny  in  the  first  degree);
  section  190.60  (scheme  to  defraud  in the second degree); or section
  190.65 (scheme to defraud in the first degree).
2023 New York Laws › PEN - Penal › Part 4 - Administrative Provisions › Title Y-2 - Corrupting the Government › Article 496 - Corrupting the Government › 496.07 - Sentencing.

§ 496.07 Sentencing.
When  a person is convicted of the crime of public corruption pursuant
  to section 496.06 of this article and the specified offense is  a  class
  C,  D  or  E felony, the crime shall be deemed to be one category higher
  than the specified offense the  defendant  committed,  or  one  category
  higher  than  the offense level applicable to the defendant's conviction
  for an attempt or conspiracy to commit a specified offense, whichever is
  applicable.
2023 New York Laws › PEN - Penal › Part 4 - Administrative Provisions › Title Z - Laws Repealed; Time of Taking Effect › Article 500 - Laws Repealed; Time of Taking Effect › 500.05 - Laws Repealed.

§ 500.05 Laws repealed.
Chapter  eighty-eight  of  the laws of nineteen hundred nine, entitled
  "An act providing for the  punishment  of  crime,  constituting  chapter
  forty  of  the  consolidated  laws," and all acts amendatory thereof and
  supplemental thereto, constituting the penal law as heretofore in force,
  are hereby repealed.
2023 New York Laws › PEN - Penal › Part 4 - Administrative Provisions › Title Z - Laws Repealed; Time of Taking Effect › Article 500 - Laws Repealed; Time of Taking Effect › 500.10 - Time of Taking Effect.

§ 500.10 Time of taking effect.
This   act   shall  take  effect  September  first,  nineteen  hundred
  sixty-seven.
2023 New York Laws › PEP - Personal Property › Article 3 - Agreements in Writing; Without Consideration; Fraudulent; Factors › 30 - Definitions.

§  30.  Definitions.  As  used  in  this  article, the term "transfer"
  includes sale, assignment, conveyance,  deed  and  gift,  and  the  term
  "agreement" includes promise and undertaking.
2023 New York Laws › PEP - Personal Property › Article 3 - Agreements in Writing; Without Consideration; Fraudulent; Factors › 38 - Transfers or Charges Without Consideration.

§ 38. Transfers or charges without consideration. A transfer or charge
  shall  not  be  adjudged  fraudulent as against creditors or purchasers,
  solely  on  the  ground  that  it  was  not  founded   on   a   valuable
  consideration.
2023 New York Laws › PEP - Personal Property › Article 3 - Agreements in Writing; Without Consideration; Fraudulent; Factors › 39 - Successors to Rights of Creditors and Purchasers.

§  39.  Successors  to rights of creditors and purchasers. A transfer,
  charge, sale or assignment, or proceeding declared by this  article,  to
  be  void, as against creditors or purchasers, is equally void as against
  the heirs, successors, personal representatives  or  assignees  of  such
  creditors or purchasers.
2023 New York Laws › PEP - Personal Property › Article 3 - Agreements in Writing; Without Consideration; Fraudulent; Factors › 40 - Bona Fide Purchasers.

§ 40. Bona fide purchasers. This article does not affect or impair the
  title  of  a  purchaser  or  incumbrancer  for a valuable consideration,
  unless it appear that such purchaser or incumbrancer had previous notice
  of the fraudulent intent of  his  immediate  vendor,  or  of  the  fraud
  rendering void the title of such vendor.
2023 New York Laws › PEP - Personal Property › Article 3-A - Assignment of Earnings › 46 - Definitions.

§  46.  Definitions.  In  this  article  unless the context or subject
  matter otherwise requires:
1. "Assignment" means any assignment of or order for  payment  of  any
  earnings,  whether given outright or as security. "Assignment" shall not
  include a payroll deduction, nor any part of earnings required by law to
  be withheld in payment of taxes, nor such sums as may be deducted by the
  employer for payment to a labor union or to a trust fund for the benefit
  of employees, pursuant to agreement in writing either with the  employee
  or with a labor union of which the employee is a member.
2.  "Payroll  deductions"  means  only such sums as an employee may in
  writing authorize his employer to pay  out  on  the  employee's  behalf,
  where the authorization is revocable, and does not purport to create any
  enforceable right in any third party.
3.   "Earnings"   means  any  salary,  wages,  commissions,  or  other
  compensation for services. "Future earnings" means earnings which become
  payable by an employer, to the assignor or persons claiming  under  him,
  after the execution of the instrument of assignment.
4.  "Indebtedness"  means  any  obligation  to  pay  money, whether as
  principal, guarantor or surety, including such obligations  arising  out
  of  loans, purchases of real or personal property, services rendered, or
  any other transaction whatsoever.
5. "Employer" means any person owing earnings to an assignor,  whether
  such earnings were due when the assignment was executed, or later became
  due,  and  whether  the  employment  was existing when an assignment was
  made, or did not commence until later.
6. "Assignor" means one who executes an assignment.
7.  "Assignee"  means  one  to  whom  any  sum  is  payable  under  an
  assignment.
8.   "Garnishment"   means   any   levy   on   execution,  attachment,
  sequestration, proceedings to enforce a judgment or other legal  process
  by  which  a  creditor or other claimant to any portion of an employee's
  earnings stops payment by an employer to an employee or obtains  payment
  due   the  creditor.  "Garnishment"  shall  not  include  an  order  for
  installment payments to a judgment creditor.
2023 New York Laws › PEP - Personal Property › Article 3-A - Assignment of Earnings › 46-A - No Implied Repeal.

§  46-a. No implied repeal. Nothing in this article shall be deemed to
  limit any other statutory provision. Any express statutory provision, in
  force at the time this article takes effect, and which  is  inconsistent
  with any provision of this article, shall prevail.
2023 New York Laws › PEP - Personal Property › Article 3-A - Assignment of Earnings › 46-D - Guarantee of Certain Purchases Secured by Assignment of Earnings.

§  46-d.  Guarantee  of  certain  purchases  secured  by assignment of
  earnings.  No guarantee given to the seller to  secure  the  payment  of
  goods, wares or merchandise amounting to fifteen hundred dollars or less
  sold for any use other than a commercial or business use, the payment of
  which  is  secured  by  an assignment of future earnings, shall be valid
  unless  such  instrument  of  guarantee  identifies   specifically   and
  describes  fully  the  transaction or series of transactions secured. If
  the instrument of guarantee is given to secure  subsequent  transactions
  in addition to the transaction or series of transactions secured by such
  assignment,  the  liability  of  the  guarantor under such instrument of
  guarantee as to subsequent transactions shall be limited to transactions
  within a period of two years from the date of its execution,  and  shall
  set  forth  the  maximum amount for which the guarantor shall be liable.
  Each instrument of guarantee shall be executed  in  duplicate,  and  one
  copy shall be given to the guarantor immediately upon its execution.
2023 New York Laws › PEP - Personal Property › Article 3-A - Assignment of Earnings › 46-E - Personal Execution of Assignment by Assignor; Delivery of Copies of Papers.

§  46-e.  Personal  execution  of  assignment by assignor; delivery of
  copies of papers.  No assignment of future earnings shall be  valid  for
  any  purpose  whatever  unless such assignment is personally executed by
  the assignor. A copy thereof and of any papers attached thereto together
  with a copy or copies of any papers executed by the assignor  pertaining
  to the transaction or series of transactions described in the assignment
  shall  be delivered to the assignor before such assignment is filed with
  the employer.
2023 New York Laws › PEP - Personal Property › Article 3-A - Assignment of Earnings › 46-F - Limit on Interest and Other Charges.

§  46-f.  Limit  on  interest and other charges. Except as provided in
  article nine of the banking law, no person shall directly or  indirectly
  receive  or  accept,  whether  by discount or otherwise, for the use and
  sale of his personal credit or for making or continuing any  advance  or
  loan  of money (1) in anticipation of earnings assigned outright, or (2)
  on the security of an assignment of any earnings assigned as security, a
  greater sum than at the rate of eighteen per centum  per  annum  on  the
  amount  of  such  loan  or  advance,  either  as  a  bonus,  interest or
  otherwise, or under the guise of a charge for investigating  the  status
  of  a  person applying for such loan or advance, or drawing of papers or
  other service in connection with  such  loan  or  advance,  except  such
  charges as are now permitted by section 5-531 of the general obligations
  law.  Any  assignment,  whether  outright  or as security, which is made
  wholly or partly in consideration of  or  as  security  for  a  loan  or
  advance  which violates this section, shall be void, and invalid for any
  purpose whatsoever. Every person, firm,  corporation,  director,  agent,
  officer  or  member  thereof  who  shall  violate  any provision of this
  section, directly or indirectly, or assent to such  violation  shall  be
  guilty of a misdemeanor.
2023 New York Laws › PEP - Personal Property › Article 3-A - Assignment of Earnings › 47 - Public Filing of Assignment Before Filing With Employer.

§ 47. Public filing of assignment before filing with employer.  Except
  as  provided  in  section  forty-nine  of this chapter, an assignment of
  future earnings or a true copy thereof, must be filed  with  the  county
  clerk as provided for in section forty-seven-a before such assignment or
  a copy thereof is filed with the assignor's employer.
2023 New York Laws › PEP - Personal Property › Article 3-A - Assignment of Earnings › 47-A - Place of Filing.

§  47-a.  Place  of filing. An assignment of future earnings or a true
  copy thereof authenticated by a notary public or commissioner of  deeds,
  together  with  an  itemized statement setting forth the amount then due
  the assignee and the date and amount of payments theretofore  made  upon
  the  indebtedness, may be filed in the office of the county clerk of the
  county in which the assignor resides at the time of the filing  thereof,
  if  he  resides within the state, and if he resides without the state or
  his residence is unknown, in the county where the assignor  is  employed
  at  the time of the filing thereof.  If the assignor is employed without
  the state and his residence is without the  state  or  is  unknown,  the
  assignment or authenticated true copy thereof and accompanying statement
  may be filed in the county where the assignor resided at the time of the
  execution thereof.
2023 New York Laws › PEP - Personal Property › Article 3-A - Assignment of Earnings › 47-B - Filing, Entering and Indexing.

§  47-b.  Filing,  entering  and indexing. 1. The filing officer shall
  mark upon the assignment or true copy thereof filed with him the date of
  its filing and shall file such assignment or true copy  thereof  in  his
  office  for public inspection. He shall keep a separate book in which he
  shall enter the names of the assignor and  assignee,  the  date  of  its
  filing,  its  filing  number and the date of cancellation thereof, or of
  its vacation  by  order  of  the  court.  Such  book  shall  be  indexed
  alphabetically  under  the  names  and  changed  names,  if any, of both
  assignor and assignee.
2.  A  county  clerk  may  adopt  a  new  indexing  system   utilizing
  electro-mechanical, electronic or any other method he deems suitable for
  maintaining the indexes.
2023 New York Laws › PEP - Personal Property › Article 3-A - Assignment of Earnings › 47-C - Refiling.

§  47-c.  Refiling.  The  filing  of  assignments shall be valid for a
  period of two years only.  The validity of the filing may in  each  case
  be  extended for successive additional periods of one year from the date
  of refiling by filing in the office of the county clerk of the county in
  which the original assignment or duly  authenticated  copy  thereof  was
  filed  a  true  copy  of the original assignment within thirty days next
  preceding the expiration of  each  period,  with  a  statement  attached
  signed  and verified by or on behalf of the assignee, setting forth that
  the assignment is in force and stating the amount remaining unpaid. Such
  copy, with statement attached, shall be filed and entered  in  the  same
  manner  as an assignment or copy thereof filed and entered for the first
  time, and the filing officer shall be entitled to a like fee as upon the
  original filing.
2023 New York Laws › PEP - Personal Property › Article 3-A - Assignment of Earnings › 47-D - Cancellation of Assignment.

§  47-d.  Cancellation of assignment. Upon the payment or satisfaction
  of the indebtedness, and upon written demand delivered personally or  by
  registered  mail  by  the  assignor,  the  assignee  shall  execute  and
  acknowledge or prove, and deliver to the assignor a certificate  setting
  forth  that  the  indebtedness  has been paid or otherwise satisfied and
  discharged. Such certificate must recite the date of the assignment, the
  names of the parties thereto, the amount of the  original  indebtedness,
  the   filing  number,  the  date  of  filing  thereof,  including  every
  assignment of said assignment, if any, specifying in the recital of each
  assignment the date thereof, the  names  of  the  parties  thereto,  the
  filing date and the serial number thereof.
If  for  ten  days  after  such  demand  the assignee fails to mail or
  deliver such a statement  of  satisfaction,  he  shall  forfeit  to  the
  assignor  five  dollars,  and  be  liable for all damages suffered. Upon
  presentation of such statement of satisfaction the filing officer  shall
  file  the  same and note the cancellation of the assignment and the date
  thereof on the margin of the page where the assignment has been entered.
2023 New York Laws › PEP - Personal Property › Article 3-A - Assignment of Earnings › 48-A - Manner of Collection; Percentage of Earnings Deductible; Restriction Against Multiple Deductions.

§  48-a.  Manner  of  collection;  percentage  of earnings deductible;
restriction against multiple deductions.  Subject to subdivision two  of
this  section,  any  assignment  of future earnings shall be collectible
from the assignor's employer  at  the  time  of  each  payment  of  such
earnings  commencing  with  the  first  payment  thereof  made after the
expiration of ten days from the date of filing with the  employer  of  a
true  copy  of  such  assignment,  authenticated by a notary public or a
commissioner of deeds, together with an itemized statement of the amount
then due the assignee, which statement shall  set  forth  the  following
information  (1)  the  date  and amount of each payment theretofore made
upon the indebtedness and (2) in case public  filing  is  required,  the
date  upon which such assignment or true copy thereof was filed with the
filing officer as described in section forty-seven-a, of this chapter.
2. The following limitations set forth in paragraphs (a), (b) and  (c)
of  this  subdivision  shall  apply  to the collection of assignments of
future earnings securing or relating  to  any  indebtedness  aggregating
less than one thousand dollars;
(a)  the  amount  collectible  in  any  month shall not exceed ten per
centum of the assignor's future earnings payable in such month;
(b) if at the time of the filing  with  the  employer  (1)  any  other
assignment  of  future  earnings  is  subject  to  payment,  or  (2) any
garnishment against such earnings or  order  against  the  assignor  for
installment  payments  to  a  judgment  creditor, is in force, no amount
shall be collectible while such other assignment is subject  to  payment
or such garnishment or order is in force;
(c)  no portion of future earnings shall be withheld from the assignor
or paid to satisfy such assignment in whole or in part while any portion
of the indebtedness secured by any valid assignment securing or relating
to  an  indebtedness  aggregating  less  than  one   thousand   dollars,
previously  filed  with  the  employer  in accordance with this section,
shall remain unpaid.
3. No portion of future earnings shall be withheld from  the  assignor
or  paid to satisfy in whole or in part any subsequent garnishment while
any portion of the indebtedness secured by any valid assignment securing
or relating to  an  indebtedness  aggregating  less  than  one  thousand
dollars  filed  with  the employer in accordance with this section shall
remain unpaid, but nothing contained herein shall exempt the earnings of
a judgment debtor from the  application  of  an  order  for  installment
payments to a judgment creditor.
2023 New York Laws › PEP - Personal Property › Article 3-A - Assignment of Earnings › 48-B - Amount of Exempt Earnings.

§  48-b. Amount of exempt earnings. Notwithstanding anything contained
  in this article, no portion of the assignor's future earnings  shall  be
  withheld  by  reason  of any assignment, unless such earnings exceed the
  sum of eighty-five dollars per week.
2023 New York Laws › PEP - Personal Property › Article 3-A - Assignment of Earnings › 48-C - Assignment of Future Earnings by Person Unemployed; Effect of Loss of Employment.

§  48-c. Assignment of future earnings by person unemployed; effect of
  loss of employment. If the assignor is not employed at the time he makes
  an assignment of future earnings, but is thereafter employed, his future
  earnings shall  nevertheless  become  collectible  by  the  assignee  as
  provided  in  this  article  upon the filing of the prescribed documents
  with the employer. No assignment of future earnings shall become invalid
  by reason of the cessation of employment, or  cessation  of  payment  of
  earnings,  but  shall  continue  in  effect,  and  may be applied to the
  payment of any future earnings from the same  or  other  employment,  in
  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  this  article,  so  long  as  the
  indebtedness secured by the assignment shall remain unpaid in  whole  or
  in  part. If the assignor is re-employed by the same employer before the
  expiration of ninety  days  from  the  termination  of  employment,  the
  assignment  shall  continue  to be collectible without further filing of
  papers. If the employee is re-employed on or  after  the  expiration  of
  such ninety days, the assignment shall again become collectible from the
  employer  as  provided in section forty-eight-a only after copies of the
  assignment and the other documents specified in such section  have  been
  filed with the employer following the re-employment.
2023 New York Laws › PEP - Personal Property › Article 3-A - Assignment of Earnings › 48-D - Payroll Deductions Not Included.

§  48-d.  Payroll  deductions  not included. Payroll deductions may be
  made by the employer notwithstanding any restriction  in  this  article,
  and  shall  be  deductible  in  addition  to the payments under any wage
  assignment permitted by this article; provided however that in any  case
  where payroll deductions and a payment due under an assignment will more
  than  equal  an  installment  of earnings due, the assignment shall have
  priority over any payroll deductions.
2023 New York Laws › PEP - Personal Property › Article 3-A - Assignment of Earnings › 49 - Certain Provisions Not Applicable to Banks, Trust Companies or Credit Unions.

§  49.  Certain provisions not applicable to banks, trust companies or
  credit unions. 1. The provisions of section forty-seven of this  article
  shall not be applicable to any bank, trust company or credit union doing
  business in the state of New York.
2.  The provisions of section forty-eight of this article in so far as
  they require any delay by an assignee, before filing with the  employer,
  shall  not  apply  to  assignments  given either as security for or as a
  manner or method of the repayment of money actually advanced  to  or  at
  the  request  of the assignor by any bank, trust company or credit union
  doing business in the state of New York; provided, however,  that  every
  such  assignment  must  have  printed  on the face thereof the following
  words: "This assignment is executed as security for, or as a  manner  or
  method  of  the repayment of, money advanced by a bank, trust company or
  credit union doing  business  in  New  York."  No  assignment,  however,
  received  by  any  bank,  trust  company or credit union pursuant to any
  agreement between it and a person who has sold merchandise or  furnished
  services to, or at the request of, the assignor, shall be deemed to have
  been  given  as  security for, or as a manner or method of repayment of,
  money actually advanced to, or at the request of,  the  assignor  within
  the meaning of this section.
2023 New York Laws › PEP - Personal Property › Article 3-A - Assignment of Earnings › 49-A - Statement to Be Filed by Lenders Upon Assignment.

§  49-a.  Statement  to be filed by lenders upon assignment. 1.  Every
  person, firm or corporation engaged in  or  seeking  to  engage  in  the
  business  of  lending  money  upon  security  of an assignment of, or of
  purchasing upon discount future or accrued earnings, shall file with the
  clerk of the county in which said person, firm or  corporation  has  its
  place   of  business  or  transacts  business  a  statement  under  oath
  containing the name and residence of the individual; or  in  case  of  a
  firm,  the  names  and  residences  of the partners; or in the case of a
  corporation, the names and residences of  the  officers  and  directors,
  managers  or trustees of such corporation; and the place or places where
  said business is transacted by such an individual, firm or  corporation.
  It  shall  be unlawful to engage in the business of lending money in the
  manner set forth in this section without,  prior  to  engaging  in  such
  business, filing a statement as provided in this section.
2.  The  several county clerks of the state shall keep an alphabetical
  index of all persons, firms or corporations filing certificates provided
  for  in  this  section;  and  for  the  indexing  and  filing  of   such
  certificates, the fee shall be as provided in the civil practice law and
  rules. A copy of such certificate, duly certified to by the county clerk
  in whose office the same was filed, shall be presumptive evidence of the
  facts contained therein in all courts of the state.
2023 New York Laws › PEP - Personal Property › Article 7-A › 250 - Exemption of Exhibits at International Exhibitions.

§  250. Exemption of exhibits at international exhibitions. No process
  of attachment, execution, sequestration, replevin, distress or any  kind
  of  seizure  shall  be  served  or  levied  upon articles, goods, wares,
  merchandise or property of any description while the same is enroute  to
  or  from,  or  while  on  exhibition  or  deposited by exhibitors at any
  international exhibition held under the auspices or supervision  of  the
  United  States,  within any city or county of this state, nor shall such
  property be subject to attachment, seizure, levy or sale, for any  cause
  whatever,  in  the  hands  of  the  authorities  of  such  exhibition or
  otherwise.
2023 New York Laws › PEP - Personal Property › Article 7-B - Lost and Found Property › 251 - Definitions.

§  251.  Definitions.  1.  The term "property" as used in this article
  means money, instruments payable, drawn or issued to bearer or to  cash,
  goods,   chattels   and   tangible  personal  property  other  than  (a)
  "instruments" as  defined  in  subdivision  two  of  this  section,  (b)
  animals,  (c)  wrecks  governed by the provisions of the navigation law,
  (d)  logs  and  other  property  governed  by  section   three   hundred
  twenty-three  of  the  town law and (e) vehicles governed by the vehicle
  and traffic law.
2. The term "instrument" as used in this article means a check, draft,
  promissory  note,  bond,  bill  of  lading,  warehouse  receipt,   stock
  certificate  or other paper or document, other than those payable, drawn
  or issued to bearer  or  to  cash  and  other  than  money,  evidencing,
  representing  or  embodying a chose in action or a right with respect to
  property or a share, participation or other interest in property  or  in
  an enterprise.
3.  The  term "lost property" as used in this article includes lost or
  mislaid property. Abandoned property,  waifs  and  treasure  trove,  and
  other property which is found, shall be presumed to be lost property and
  such  presumption  shall  be  conclusive  unless it is established in an
  action or proceeding commenced within six months after the date  of  the
  finding that the property is not lost property.
4.  The term "owner" as used in this article means any person entitled
  to possession of the lost property as against the finder and against any
  other person who has made a claim.
5. The term "finder" as used in this  article  means  the  person  who
  first takes possession of lost property.
6.  "Transportation facility" as used in this article means a railroad
  car or coach, Pullman car, street  surface  railroad  car,  subway  car,
  motor  bus,  motor  coach, taxicab, aircraft or steamship, and any other
  vehicle or conveyance used for carriage of persons whether or  not  such
  use   is   in   the  course  of  a  business  of  transporting  persons.
  "Transportation company" as  used  in  this  article  means  the  person
  carrying  on  a  business of operating a transportation facility. A taxi
  driver is a "transportation company" with respect to a taxicab which  he
  owns and operates as owner.
2023 New York Laws › PEP - Personal Property › Article 7-B - Lost and Found Property › 254 - Disposition of Lost Property.

§ 254. Disposition of lost property. Except as provided in section two
  hundred  fifty-six  of  this  chapter,  lost property deposited with the
  police, and the money constituting proceeds of  lost  property  sold  as
  provided   in  subdivision  five  of  section  two  hundred  fifty-three
  remaining after deduction of expenses  as  therein  provided,  shall  be
  disposed of as follows:
1.  It  shall  be  delivered  to  the  owner, upon his demand and upon
  payment of all reasonable expenses incurred in connection therewith,  if
  no  written  notice  of  any other claim to the property has been served
  upon the police having custody, and the time  specified  in  subdivision
  seven of section two hundred fifty-three of this chapter has not expired
  or, if such period has expired, no demand has been made by the finder or
  a  person  entitled  to  assert  the  right of the finder as provided in
  section two hundred fifty-six of this chapter.
2. If at the end of the  period  specified  in  subdivision  seven  of
  section  two  hundred  fifty-three  of  this  chapter  the owner has not
  claimed the property, it shall be delivered to  the  finder,  or  person
  entitled  to  assert the rights of the finder as provided in section two
  hundred fifty-six of this chapter, upon his demand  therefor,  and  upon
  payment of all reasonable expenses incurred in connection therewith.
3.  If at the end of ten days after expiration of the period specified
  in subdivision seven of section two hundred fifty-three, the  owner  has
  not  claimed  it,  and no demand has been made by the finder or a person
  entitled to assert the right of the finder as provided  in  section  two
  hundred fifty-six of this chapter, property consisting of money shall be
  paid  as provided in section two hundred fifty-eight of this chapter and
  other property shall be sold at public auction and the proceeds shall be
  paid as provided in such section two hundred  fifty-eight.    Where  the
  property was deposited with the state police, such sale shall be held in
  accordance with rules of the comptroller.
2023 New York Laws › PEP - Personal Property › Article 7-B - Lost and Found Property › 255 - Disposition of Instruments.

§ 255. Disposition of instruments. 1. An instrument deposited with the
  police shall be delivered to the person entitled thereto upon payment of
  all reasonable expenses incurred in connection therewith.
2. No instrument deposited with the police shall be destroyed or sold.
  Except   as  provided  in  subdivision  three  of  section  two  hundred
  fifty-six, no such instrument shall be returned to the  finder,  or  his
  employer,  or the person who deposited it with the police, or the person
  upon whose premises it was found.
2023 New York Laws › PEP - Personal Property › Article 7-B - Lost and Found Property › 257 - Title to Lost Property.

§ 257. Title to lost property. 1. The title to lost property which has
  been deposited with the police shall vest in the finder, or other person
  entitled  to  assert the rights of the finder as provided in section two
  hundred fifty-six of this chapter, when the property is delivered to him
  in accordance with section two hundred fifty-four of  this  chapter  and
  shall vest in the buyer when the property is sold as provided in section
  two hundred fifty-three or two hundred fifty-four of this chapter.
2.  If  the finder of lost property under the value of ten dollars has
  made reasonable effort to find the owner and restore it to him, and  has
  been  unable  to  do  so,  the  title to such property shall vest in the
  finder at the end of one year after the finding.
2023 New York Laws › PEP - Personal Property › Article 7-B - Lost and Found Property › 258 - Proceeds to Be Paid Into Fund.

§  258.  Proceeds to be paid into fund. Proceeds from the sale of lost
  property,  less  lawful  deductions,  or  the  money  constituting  lost
  property,  shall  be paid into the treasury of the county, city, town or
  village in the police department of which  the  property  was  deposited
  unless  otherwise  provided pursuant to section two hundred fifty of the
  general municipal law or other applicable statute, or into the abandoned
  property fund of the state if the property was deposited with the  state
  police,  the  capital buildings police or the regional state park police
  or returned to a safe deposit company or bank pursuant  to  section  two
  hundred  fifty-six  of this chapter, or into a fund established pursuant
  to  subdivision  eight  of  section  three  hundred  fifty-five  of  the
  education  law  if the property was deposited with a security officer or
  police officer appointed by the state university.
2023 New York Laws › PEP - Personal Property › Article 8-B - Proceeding for Discovery of Names and Addresses of Bondholders › 286 - Grounds for Proceeding.

§ 286. Grounds for proceeding. Whenever there has been a default under
  a  bond  or  a  trust  indenture  which  has not been cured, or whenever
  proceedings have been instituted under any federal or state law for  the
  modification  of  a bond or a trust indenture or for a reorganization of
  the  obligor,  in  connection  with  which  such   a   modification   is
  contemplated,  any  qualified bondholder owning such a bond, or owning a
  bond to which such a trust indenture relates, may apply to  the  supreme
  court  or the county court, by special proceeding for judgment directing
  the trustee of the issue and every obligor of the bond, or any of  them,
  to  furnish to the applicant a list of the names and addresses of all of
  the  bondholders  of  the  issue  so  far  as  they  have  knowledge  or
  information  with  respect  to such names and addresses, irrespective of
  how such knowledge or information was acquired.
2023 New York Laws › PEP - Personal Property › Article 8-B - Proceeding for Discovery of Names and Addresses of Bondholders › 287 - Contents of Petition.

§  287.  Contents of petition. The petition shall briefly describe the
  issue, stating the date, maturity and size thereof so far  as  known  to
  the  petitioner;  shall  set forth the default or proceedings upon which
  the application is based, and, if based on a default, the fact that such
  default has not been  cured;  shall  show  the  purpose  for  which  the
  application  is  made;  and shall contain an allegation that the list is
  not intended for sale, and shall further show that  such  bond  was  not
  purchased  for  the purpose of making such an application; that the list
  of bondholders shall not  be  for  the  purpose  of  communicating  with
  bondholders  in  the  interests  of  an object other than the particular
  indenture securing the issue of bonds; and that such petitioner has  not
  within  five  years sold or offered for sale any list of stockholders of
  any corporation, or aided or abetted any person in procuring  any  stock
  list  for  any  such  purpose  or  sold  or offered for sale any list of
  bondholders of any obligor or aided or abetted any person  in  procuring
  such a list for any such purpose.
2023 New York Laws › PEP - Personal Property › Article 8-B - Proceeding for Discovery of Names and Addresses of Bondholders › 288 - Judgment.

§  288. Judgment. If the court shall be satisfied that the allegations
  of the petition are true, and that the interests of the  bondholders  of
  the  issue  as a whole will not be adversely affected by the granting of
  the application, it shall enter judgment directing  the  trustee,  every
  obligor,  any  receiver  appointed  by  a court, depositary or committee
  purporting to act for or on behalf of bondholders, or such  of  them  as
  may  have  been  duly  served, to furnish to the applicant a list of the
  names and addresses of all bondholders of  the  issue  so  far  as  they
  respectively  have  knowledge  or  information with respect to the same.
  Such judgment may contain such terms and conditions  as  the  court  may
  deem proper with respect to the time when and place where such lists are
  to  be  furnished,  and  the  payment of the expense of furnishing same.
  Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this section, however, if  a
  default was the basis of the application and such default has been cured
  before  the  entry of judgment, or if the institution of proceedings was
  the  basis  of  the  application  and  such  proceedings  have   finally
  terminated  before  the  entry  of  judgment, the proceeding may, in the
  discretion of the court, be dismissed.
2023 New York Laws › PEP - Personal Property › Article 9 - Motor Vehicle Retail Instalment Sales Act › 304 - Cancellation of Contract.

§  304.  Cancellation  of  contract. After the payment of all sums for
  which the buyer is obligated under a  retail  instalment  contract,  and
  upon written demand made by the buyer, the holder of such contract shall
  mail  to  the  buyer  at  his  last  known  address, good and sufficient
  instruments to indicate payment in full and to release all  security  in
  the motor vehicle.
2023 New York Laws › PEP - Personal Property › Article 9 - Motor Vehicle Retail Instalment Sales Act › 305 - Credit Upon Anticipation of Payments.

§  305.  Credit  upon anticipation of payments. 1. Notwithstanding the
  provisions of any retail instalment contract to the contrary, any  buyer
  may  pay  it  in  full  at  any  time  before  the maturity of the final
  instalment of the time balance thereof and if he does so  shall  receive
  and  be  entitled to receive a refund credit thereon and if the contract
  included an amount for group credit life insurance, the  further  refund
  credit thereon for such anticipation, whether or not the maturity of the
  time  balance of the contract was accelerated by the holder by reason of
  the buyer's default or otherwise. The amount of any such  refund  credit
  shall  be the unearned portion of the credit service charge, after first
  deducting an acquisition cost of fifteen dollars, or,  if  the  contract
  has  been  extended,  deferred  or  refinanced,  the  additional  charge
  therefor, determined according to a generally accepted actuarial method.
  Where the amount of the credit for anticipation of payment is less  than
  one dollar, no refund need be made.
If the credit service charge imposed on the retail instalment contract
  is  computed pursuant to subdivision four of section three hundred three
  of this article the contract may, after  deduction  of  the  acquisition
  cost of fifteen dollars, be prepaid in full without penalty.
2.  The  amount  of  the  further  refund credit for group credit life
  insurance shall be equal to the excess of the  amount  included  in  the
  contract  for  group  credit  life  insurance  over the premiums paid or
  payable by the holder of  the  contract  for  such  insurance,  if  such
  premiums  were  paid or payable periodically, or the refund for unearned
  group credit life insurance premium received or receivable by the holder
  of the contract, if such premium was paid or  payable  in  a  lump  sum,
  provided  that  no such further refund credit need be made if the amount
  thereof would be less than one dollar.
3. In the event (i) the maturity of the contract is accelerated due to
  the default of the buyer or otherwise and judgment is obtained, or  (ii)
  repayment  is made pursuant to group credit life insurance, the buyer or
  his legal representative, as the case may be, shall be entitled  to  the
  same  refund  credits as if the contract had been prepaid in full on the
  date of acceleration or repayment.
2023 New York Laws › PEP - Personal Property › Article 9 - Motor Vehicle Retail Instalment Sales Act › 307 - Penalties.

§  307.  Penalties.  1.  Any  person  who  shall  wilfully violate any
  provision of this article shall be guilty  of  a  misdemeanor  and  upon
  conviction  shall  be  punished  by  a  fine  not exceeding five hundred
  dollars.
2. A wilful violation of sections three hundred two or  three  hundred
  three by any person shall bar his recovery of any credit service charge,
  delinquency  or  collection  charge  or refinancing charge on the retail
  instalment contract involved.
3. Notwithstanding the provisions  of  this  section  any  failure  to
  comply  with  any  provision of this article may be corrected within ten
  days after the holder is notified thereof in writing by the  buyer,  or,
  in  the  absence  of  such  notice, the seller or holder may voluntarily
  correct any such failure to comply and, if  so  corrected,  neither  the
  seller  nor the holder shall be subject to any penalty under subdivision
  two of this section.
2023 New York Laws › PEP - Personal Property › Article 9 - Motor Vehicle Retail Instalment Sales Act › 310 - Severability.

§  310.  Severability.  If  any  provision  of  this  article  or  the
  application  thereof   to   any   person   or   circumstance   is   held
  unconstitutional,  the  remainder  of the article and the application of
  such provision to other persons or circumstances shall not  be  affected
  thereby.
2023 New York Laws › PEP - Personal Property › Article 9 - Motor Vehicle Retail Instalment Sales Act › 312 - Refund Credit on Cancellation of Credit Related Insurance or Prepayment of Contract.

§  312.  Refund  credit on cancellation of credit related insurance or
  prepayment of contract. The provisions of this article requiring refunds
  and refund credits with respect to group credit life insurance, in cases
  of cancellation of group credit life insurance or  of  prepayment  of  a
  retail instalment contract shall also require refunds and refund credits
  with  respect  to  credit unemployment insurance, group credit accident,
  group credit health or group credit accident  and  health  insurance  in
  cases  of  cancellation  of  such  insurance  or  prepayment of a retail
  instalment contract which included such insurance.
2023 New York Laws › PEP - Personal Property › Article 9 - Motor Vehicle Retail Instalment Sales Act › 313 - Guaranties to Sellers of Liabilities of Buyers Under Retail Instalment Contracts.

§  313.  Guaranties  to  sellers of liabilities of buyers under retail
  instalment contracts. No guaranty given to the seller or to  the  seller
  and  the  seller's assignee of the liabilities of a buyer under a retail
  instalment contract shall be valid unless the guaranty  is  incorporated
  in  or endorsed on the contract or identifies the contract and specifies
  the time balance thereof or, if the guaranty  relates  to  one  or  more
  future  retail  instalment  contracts,  it  limits  the liability of the
  guarantor to contracts dated within a period of two years from the  date
  of  the  guaranty  and  sets  forth  the  maximum  amount  for which the
  guarantor shall be liable. A copy of the  guaranty  shall  be  given  or
  mailed  to  the  guarantor  upon  or immediately after the execution and
  delivery of the original guaranty by the guarantor.
As used in this section, "retail instalment contract"  and  "contract"
  include a retail instalment contract as defined in the retail instalment
  sales  act,  constituting article ten of this chapter. This section does
  not apply to a guaranty made by  a  seller  or  a  holder  of  a  retail
  instalment contract.
2023 New York Laws › PEP - Personal Property › Article 9 - Motor Vehicle Retail Instalment Sales Act › 314 - Security Interest in Other Property.

§  314.  Security  interest  in  other  property. No retail instalment
  contract, or any other agreement executed in connection therewith, shall
  provide for the creation of a security interest in any personal or  real
  property,  other  than  the motor vehicle which is the subject matter of
  the retail instalment  sale  (or  accessories  therefor  or  special  or
  auxiliary equipment used in connection therewith), to secure the payment
  of  the  time  sale  price  under  such  contract  or  any part thereof,
  provided, however, that the prohibition of this  section  shall  not  be
  applicable  to  the taking of a mortgage or other security interest upon
  or in connection with real property to secure the payment  of  the  time
  sale  price  of  a retail installment sale, if the subject matter of the
  retail installment sale is a mobile home  or  trailer  which  is  to  be
  annexed  to  or  situated  on  such  real  property. Any such prohibited
  provision shall be void but shall not otherwise affect the  validity  of
  such contract.
2023 New York Laws › PEP - Personal Property › Article 9 - Motor Vehicle Retail Instalment Sales Act › 315 - Claim for Deficiency After Default and Repossession.

§ 315. Claim for deficiency after default and repossession. If a buyer
  defaults on any instalment of the time sale price and the holder obtains
  possession  of  the  motor  vehicle  and  disposes  of it as provided by
  section 9--610 of the uniform commercial code, the buyer shall be liable
  to the holder for any deficiency to the extent provided in that section;
  provided, however, that in calculating such deficiency  there  shall  be
  deducted  from  the amount thereof as prescribed by such section 9--610,
  an amount equal to that portion of the refund credit to which the  buyer
  would  have  been  entitled  under  section  three  hundred five of this
  chapter if, at the time the holder disposed of the  motor  vehicle,  the
  buyer had not been in default and had prepaid in full the balance of the
  time sale price as the amount realized upon the disposition of the motor
  vehicle bears to the balance of the time sale price.
2023 New York Laws › PEP - Personal Property › Article 9 - Motor Vehicle Retail Instalment Sales Act › 316 - Notice of Buyer's Redemption Rights.

§  316.  Notice  of buyer's redemption rights. The holder of any motor
  vehicle installment contract who  repossesses  or  accepts  a  voluntary
  surrender  of a motor vehicle pursuant to the provisions of article nine
  of  the  uniform  commercial  code,  or  any  contract,   shall   within
  seventy-two  hours of such repossession or surrender, personally deliver
  or mail to the buyer at his last known address a written notice  setting
  forth  the  right of such buyer to redeem such motor vehicle, the dollar
  amount necessary to redeem, and the name, address and  telephone  number
  of  the  holder  from  which  information may be obtained regarding such
  redemption.