reglab/statecodes huggingface dataset:
2023 New Jersey Revised Statutes › Title 39 - Motor Vehicles and Traffic Regulation › Section 39:4-64 - Highway littering ban

39:4-64. Highway littering ban
39:4-64. a. No person shall throw or drop any bundle, object, article or debris of any nature from a vehicle whether in motion or not when such vehicle is on a highway. The words "object, article or debris of any nature" as used in this section shall be deemed to include a cigarette, cigar, match, or ashes, or any substance or thing in and of itself likely to cause or fuel a fire, but such inclusion shall not be deemed to in any way limit the generality of the words "object, article or debris of any nature." Any person who violates this section shall be subject to a fine of not less than $200 or more than $1,000 for each offense.
b. There shall be a rebuttable presumption that the registered owner of the vehicle, if present in the vehicle, or, in his absence, the driver of the vehicle, is presumed to be responsible for any violation of this section, if:
(1) A bundle, object, article or debris of any nature is thrown or dropped from the vehicle by an occupant of the vehicle;
(2) There are two or more occupants in the vehicle; and
(3) It cannot be determined which occupant of the vehicle is the violator.
Amended 1954,c.37; 1975,c.154,s.1; 1981,c.143,s.1; 1983,c.346,s.1.; 1992,c.171,s.1.
2023 New Jersey Revised Statutes › Title 39 - Motor Vehicles and Traffic Regulation › Section 39:4-64.1 - Signs informing of consequences of violation

39:4-64.1. Signs informing of consequences of violation
The Director of the Division of Motor Vehicles shall cause to be erected on the highways such signs as he deems necessary to inform those people using the highways of the consequences of violating the provisions of R.S. 39:4-64.
L.1975, c. 154, s. 2, eff. July 15, 1975.
2023 New Jersey Revised Statutes › Title 39 - Motor Vehicles and Traffic Regulation › Section 39:4-65 - Letting off or taking on persons

39:4-65. Letting off or taking on persons
No operator of a vehicle shall stop the vehicle on the highway for the purpose of letting off or taking on a person, other than at the curb or side of the road or highway, or knowingly permit a person to alight from or enter upon the vehicle while it is in motion.
2023 New Jersey Revised Statutes › Title 39 - Motor Vehicles and Traffic Regulation › Section 39:4-66 - Emerging from alley, driveway, garage, or private road or driveway

39:4-66. Emerging from alley, driveway, garage, or private road or driveway
39:4-66. a. The operator of a vehicle emerging from an alley, driveway, garage, or private road or driveway, shall stop the vehicle immediately prior to driving upon the sidewalk, and shall proceed to enter the sidewalk only after yielding the right of way to a pedestrian on the sidewalk, if the pedestrian is so close as to constitute an immediate hazard.
b. In addition to any duty imposed under subsection a. of this section, the operator of a vehicle emerging from an alley, driveway, garage, or private road or driveway, shall stop the vehicle immediately prior to entering or crossing a highway, and shall proceed to enter or cross the highway only after yielding the right of way to the traffic on the highway, if the traffic is so close as to constitute an immediate hazard.
Amended 1989,c.147,s.1.
2023 New Jersey Revised Statutes › Title 39 - Motor Vehicles and Traffic Regulation › Section 39:4-66.1 - Right of way on entering or leaving alley, driveway, garage, or private road or driveway

39:4-66.1. Right of way on entering or leaving alley, driveway, garage, or private road or driveway
When the driver of a vehicle, about to enter an alley, driveway, garage, or private road or driveway from a highway, shall find it necessary to drive upon the sidewalk, he first shall yield the right of way to all pedestrians on the sidewalk, if the pedestrians are so close as to constitute an immediate hazard.
L.1951,c.23,s.48; amended 1989,c.147,s.2.
2023 New Jersey Revised Statutes › Title 39 - Motor Vehicles and Traffic Regulation › Section 39:4-66.2 - Avoidance of traffic control signal, sign; violations, penalties

39:4-66.2. Avoidance of traffic control signal, sign; violations, penalties
1. Except for emergency vehicles and motor vehicles being operated at the direction of a law enforcement officer, no person shall drive a motor vehicle on public property, except public roads or highways, or private property, with or without the permission of the owner, for the purpose of avoiding a traffic control signal or sign.
Any person found guilty of violating the provisions of this act shall be liable for a penalty of not less than $50.00 or more than $200.00 or imprisonment for a term not exceeding 15 days, or both.
L.1993,c.326.
2023 New Jersey Revised Statutes › Title 39 - Motor Vehicles and Traffic Regulation › Section 39:4-67 - Obstructing passage of other vehicles or street cars prohibited; clearance of intersections

39:4-67. Obstructing passage of other vehicles or street cars prohibited; clearance of intersections
No vehicle or street car shall be permitted by the owner or driver thereof to so occupy a street as to interfere with or interrupt the passage of other street cars or vehicles, nor shall the driver of a vehicle or street car drive such vehicle or street car into an intersection if preceding traffic prevents immediate clearance of the intersection.
Amended by L.1956, c. 107, p. 484, s. 1.
2023 New Jersey Revised Statutes › Title 39 - Motor Vehicles and Traffic Regulation › Section 39:4-69 - Riding on part not intended for passengers prohibited

39:4-69. Riding on part not intended for passengers prohibited
No person shall ride on, and no operator shall knowingly allow a person to ride on a street car or vehicle, or on a portion thereof not designed or intended for the conveyance of passengers. This section shall not apply to an employee engaged in the necessary discharge of a duty.
Amended by L.1951, c. 23, p. 79, s. 36.
2023 New Jersey Revised Statutes › Title 39 - Motor Vehicles and Traffic Regulation › Section 39:4-71 - Driving on sidewalk

39:4-71. Driving on sidewalk
No person shall drive or back a horse or vehicle across, or allow the same to stand on a sidewalk unless it be in crossing the sidewalk to go into a yard or lot, and then not without the consent of the owner of the premises. This section shall not prohibit the passing of a horse or vehicle over a sidewalk in front of an alley or passageway with the owner's consent, or any municipality from driving or operating or causing to be driven or operated along or over the sidewalks within the municipality any vehicle for the purpose of maintaining or cleaning said sidewalks.
Amended by L.1963, c. 24, s. 1, eff. May 8, 1963.
2023 New Jersey Revised Statutes › Title 39 - Motor Vehicles and Traffic Regulation › Section 39:4-72 - Slowing, stopping on signal from driver, rider of a horse; violations, fine.

39:4-72 Slowing, stopping on signal from driver, rider of a horse; violations, fine.
39:4-72. a. When approaching or passing a person riding or driving a horse, a person driving a motor vehicle shall reduce the vehicle's speed to a rate not exceeding 25 miles an hour and proceed with caution. At the request of or upon a signal by putting up the hand or otherwise, from a person riding or driving a horse in the opposite direction, the motor vehicle driver shall cause the motor vehicle to stop and remain stationary so long as may be necessary to allow the horse to pass.
b. The administrator shall include in the New Jersey Driver Manual information explaining the requirements of subsection a. of this section and cautioning licensees on the need to exercise caution when operating a motor vehicle near horses.
c. A person who violates subsection a. of this section shall be subject to a fine of $150.
Amended 2004, c.163, s.1.
2023 New Jersey Revised Statutes › Title 39 - Motor Vehicles and Traffic Regulation › Section 39:4-75 - Overweight vehicles on bridge; penalty.

39:4-75. Overweight vehicles on bridge; penalty.
39:4-75. a. No motor vehicle shall be driven over a bridge in this State if the gross weight of the vehicle and load is greater than the gross posted weight limit of the bridge.
b. Signs warning persons driving motor vehicles that they are approaching a bridge with a maximum gross weight limit shall be posted in a conspicuous place upon the bridge or immediately adjacent thereto and at the last safe exit or detour preceding the bridge. These signs shall indicate the maximum gross weight permitted on the bridge and shall be in accordance with the current standards prescribed by the Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices for Streets and Highways. The signs required by this section shall be posted and maintained by the entity which has jurisdiction over the bridge.
c. A person violating this section shall be subject to a fine not exceeding $1,000.00. In default of the payment thereof imprisonment in the county jail for a period not exceeding 10 days shall be imposed.
The owner and operator of any vehicle used in violation of this section shall be responsible to the municipal or other corporation owning or maintaining such bridge, or to the State if such bridge is maintained by the State, for any damage done to the bridge by reason of the violation.
Amended by L. 1971,c.40; 1987,c.315.
2023 New Jersey Revised Statutes › Title 39 - Motor Vehicles and Traffic Regulation › Section 39:4-76 - Driving overweight vehicles on interstate bridges; penalty; liability for damages; disposition of penalties

39:4-76. Driving overweight vehicles on interstate bridges; penalty; liability for damages; disposition of penalties
No vehicle shall be driven over any interstate bridge owned or maintained in whole or in part by this State, upon which is posted in a conspicuous place a sign stating the gross weight that the bridge will carry, if the gross weight of any such vehicle and the load is greater than the gross weight stated on the sign.
Any person violating any of the provisions of this section, and the owner of any vehicle driven upon any bridge in violation of this section, with a gross weight or with weight on any axle or wheel exceeding by more than 3% the maximum weight allowed in that particular case, shall be fined an amount equal to $0.02 per pound for each pound of excess weight if the excess does not exceed 10,000 pounds, and $0.03 per pound for each pound of excess weight if the excess weight exceeds 10,000 pounds, but in no event less than $50.00.
The owner of any vehicle driven in violation of this section shall, in addition to the penalty herein prescribed, be responsible to the commission, body or authority having control of said bridge, for damages which may be done to any such bridge by reason of any violation of this section.
Moneys received from penalties imposed or violations of this section shall be accounted for and forwarded to the director, who shall pay the same to the State Treasurer.
Amended by L.1951, c. 23, p. 80, s. 37; L.1970, c. 280, s. 1, eff. Dec. 3, 1970.
2023 New Jersey Revised Statutes › Title 39 - Motor Vehicles and Traffic Regulation › Section 39:4-77 - Loading so as to spill prohibited; minimum safety standards; penalty

39:4-77. Loading so as to spill prohibited; minimum safety standards; penalty
No person shall cause or permit a vehicle to be so loaded or operate a vehicle so loaded that the contents or any part thereof may be scattered in any street. Whenever the load of any vehicle is of material other than farm products susceptible to scattering on a street and such load extends above the height of the sides or tail gate or rear of the body of the vehicle, such load shall be securely covered by a tarpaulin or other cover. The director, where public safety so warrants, shall, after a public hearing, prescribe by rule or regulation minimum safety standards for fastening loads on and fix loading procedures for any commercial type flat bed motor vehicle or motor-drawn vehicle. Any rule or regulation so promulgated by the director shall be filed in the Secretary of State's office and copies thereof shall be available, upon request, in the director's office.
The owner, lessee, bailee, or operator of any vehicle described above found on a highway in violation of any such safety standard or procedure that may be prescribed by the director shall be fined not more than $500.00 for each violation.
Amended by L.1951, c. 23, p. 80, s. 38; L.1966, c. 251, s. 1; L.1968, c. 272, s. 1, eff. Sept. 4, 1968.
2023 New Jersey Revised Statutes › Title 39 - Motor Vehicles and Traffic Regulation › Section 39:4-77.2 - "Motor Vehicle Snow and Ice Removal Safety Fund."

39:4-77.2 "Motor Vehicle Snow and Ice Removal Safety Fund."
2. a. There is established in the General Fund a separate, nonlapsing, dedicated account to be known as the "Motor Vehicle Snow and Ice Removal Safety Fund." All fines imposed and collected as a result of enforcement of section 1 of P.L.1997, c.124 (C.39:4-77.1) shall be forwarded to the State Treasurer for deposit in the Motor Vehicle Snow and Ice Removal Safety Fund account. The fund shall be administered by the Division of Highway Traffic Safety in the Department of Law and Public Safety.
b. Moneys in the account shall be used exclusively for the following purposes:
(1) To offset the costs associated with the public awareness campaign established by the Director of the Division of Highway Traffic Safety in the Department of Law and Public Safety pursuant to subsection c. of section 1 of P.L.1997, c.124 (C.39:4-77.1);
(2) To offset the costs associated with the data collection system established and maintained by the Division of Highway Traffic Safety in the Department of Law and Public Safety pursuant to subsection d. of section 1 of P.L.1997, c.124 (C.39:4-77.1); and
(3) To establish a grant program to provide incentives to encourage private companies to purchase, install, and maintain equipment and technology to be used to remove snow and ice from commercial motor vehicles, as the term is defined in R.S.39:1-1. Recipients of grants provided pursuant to this subsection shall place snow and ice removal equipment and technology at locations around the State that are convenient and easily accessible to commercial motor vehicles, including, but not limited to, service areas, weigh stations, inspection facilities, ports, terminals, and other intermodal transportation facilities.
L.2009, c.138, s.2.
2023 New Jersey Revised Statutes › Title 39 - Motor Vehicles and Traffic Regulation › Section 39:4-77.3 - "Anti-Snow Dumping Act"; violations, penalties.

39:4-77.3 "Anti-Snow Dumping Act"; violations, penalties.
1. a. This act shall be known and may be cited as the "Anti-Snow Dumping Act."
b. The commercial operator of any snowplow, or other snow removal equipment, clearing accumulated snow on private property shall not deposit, or cause to be deposited, such snow on any public road, street, or highway in this State or on public lands. A commercial operator of any snowplow or other snow removal equipment who fails to comply with the provisions of this section shall be liable to a fine of $250 for the first offense, and for each subsequent offense, a fine of $500.
L.2011, c.110, s.1.
2023 New Jersey Revised Statutes › Title 39 - Motor Vehicles and Traffic Regulation › Section 39:4-79 - Backing to curb

39:4-79. Backing to curb
No operator shall allow a vehicle to stand backed to the curb when loading or unloading, except when it is impracticable to load or unload it while standing parallel to the curb, but no vehicle may completely block the passage of another vehicle or street car by remaining backed up to the curb. When necessary to back up to the curb, the towing vehicle in any combination of vehicles and the horse, if the vehicle is horse drawn, shall stand as nearly parallel as practicable to the curb and facing the direction of traffic.
Amended by L.1951, c. 23, p. 80, s. 39.
2023 New Jersey Revised Statutes › Title 39 - Motor Vehicles and Traffic Regulation › Section 39:4-80.1 - Penalty for failure to comply with school crossing guard's signal to stop.

39:4-80.1 Penalty for failure to comply with school crossing guard's signal to stop.
1. A motor vehicle operator who fails to comply with a school crossing guard's signal to stop during those time periods when that guard is duly authorized to control or direct vehicular or pedestrian traffic pursuant to section 4 of P.L.1979, c.82 (C.40A:9-154.4) shall be fined not less than $150 for a first offense. For a subsequent offense, the operator shall be fined not less than $300.
L.2007,c.78.
2023 New Jersey Revised Statutes › Title 39 - Motor Vehicles and Traffic Regulation › Section 39:4-81 - Traffic signals, observance; rule at nonoperational signals.

39:4-81 Traffic signals, observance; rule at nonoperational signals.
39:4-81. a. The driver of every vehicle, the motorman of every street car and every pedestrian shall obey the instructions of any official traffic control device applicable thereto, placed in accordance with the provisions of this chapter, unless otherwise directed by a traffic or police officer.
b. When, by reason of a power failure or other malfunction, a traffic control signal at an intersection is not illuminated, the driver of a vehicle or street car shall, with respect to that intersection, observe the requirement for a stop intersection, as provided in R.S.39:4-144.
Amended 1951, c.23, s.40; 2004, c.92.
2023 New Jersey Revised Statutes › Title 39 - Motor Vehicles and Traffic Regulation › Section 39:4-82 - Keeping to right

39:4-82. Keeping to right
Upon all highways of sufficient width, except upon one-way streets, the driver of a vehicle shall drive it on the right half of the roadway. He shall drive a vehicle as closely as possible to the right-hand edge or curb of the roadway, unless it is impracticable to travel on that side of the roadway, and except when overtaking and passing another vehicle subject to the provisions of sections 39:4-84 and 39:4-85 of this Title.
Amended by L.1951, c. 23, p. 81, s. 43.
2023 New Jersey Revised Statutes › Title 39 - Motor Vehicles and Traffic Regulation › Section 39:4-82.1 - Two roadway highways; driving upon

39:4-82.1. Two roadway highways; driving upon
Whenever any highway has been divided into two roadways by leaving an intervening space or by a physical barrier or clearly indicated dividing section so constructed so as to impede vehicular traffic, every vehicle shall be driven only upon the right-hand roadway and no vehicle shall be driven over, across or within any such dividing space, barrier or section, except through an appropriate opening in such physical barrier or dividing section or space or at a cross over or intersection established by public authority.
L.1951, c. 23, p. 81, s. 41.
2023 New Jersey Revised Statutes › Title 39 - Motor Vehicles and Traffic Regulation › Section 39:4-83 - Keeping to right at intersections; exception on one-way roadway

39:4-83. Keeping to right at intersections; exception on one-way roadway
In crossing an intersection of highways or the intersection of a highway and a railroad right of way, the driver of a vehicle shall at all times cause the vehicle to travel on the right half of the roadway unless the right half is obstructed or impassable. The foregoing limitations shall not apply upon a one-way roadway.
Amended by L.1951, c. 23, p. 82, s. 44.
2023 New Jersey Revised Statutes › Title 39 - Motor Vehicles and Traffic Regulation › Section 39:4-84 - Passing to right when proceeding in opposite directions

39:4-84. Passing to right when proceeding in opposite directions
Drivers of vehicles proceeding in opposite directions shall pass each other to the right, each giving to the other at least one-half of the available traveled portion of the highway as nearly as possible.
2023 New Jersey Revised Statutes › Title 39 - Motor Vehicles and Traffic Regulation › Section 39:4-85 - Passing to left when overtaking; passing when in lines; passing on right.

39:4-85 Passing to left when overtaking; passing when in lines; passing on right.
39:4-85. The driver of a vehicle overtaking another vehicle proceeding in the same direction shall pass at a safe distance to the left thereof and shall not again drive to the right side of the roadway until safely clear of the overtaken vehicle. If vehicles on the roadway are moving in two or more substantially continuous lines, the provisions of this paragraph and section 39:4-87 of this Title shall not be considered as prohibiting the vehicles in one line overtaking and passing the vehicles in another line either upon the right or left, nor shall those provisions be construed to prohibit drivers overtaking and passing upon the right another vehicle which is making or about to make a left turn.
The driver of a vehicle may overtake and pass another vehicle upon the right as provided in this section only under conditions permitting such movement in safety. In no event shall such movement be made by driving off the pavement or main-traveled portion of the roadway.
amended 1951, c.23, s.45; 2014, c.69, s.6.
2023 New Jersey Revised Statutes › Title 39 - Motor Vehicles and Traffic Regulation › Section 39:4-85.1 - Designation of one-way traffic.

39:4-85.1 Designation of one-way traffic.
42. The commissioner with respect to highways under his jurisdiction may by regulation, and local and county authorities with respect to highways under their jurisdiction may by ordinance or resolution designate any such highway or any separate roadway of such highway for one-way traffic and shall erect appropriate signs giving notice thereon.
Upon a highway or roadway properly designated and signed for one-way traffic, a vehicle shall be driven only in the direction designated.
L.1951,c.23,s.42; amended 2003, c.13, s.50.
2023 New Jersey Revised Statutes › Title 39 - Motor Vehicles and Traffic Regulation › Section 39:4-86 - Overtaking and passing vehicles; crossing "No Passing" lines

39:4-86. Overtaking and passing vehicles; crossing "No Passing" lines
The driver of a vehicle shall not drive to the left side of the center line of a highway in overtaking and passing another vehicle proceeding in the same direction unless the left side is clearly visible and free of oncoming traffic for a sufficient distance ahead to permit the overtaking and passing to be made in safety.
The driver of a vehicle shall not drive to the left of the center of a highway in order to overtake and pass another vehicle proceeding in the same direction upon the crest of a grade or upon a curve in the highway where the driver's view along the highway is obstructed within a distance of five hundred feet.
Except when otherwise directed by a duly constituted traffic or police officer or when the lane in which he is operating is obstructed and impassable, the driver of a vehicle shall not cross an appropriately marked "No Passing" line in a "No Passing" zone duly established pursuant to a duly promulgated regulation of the State Highway Commissioner or an ordinance or resolution duly adopted by a municipal governing body or a board of chosen freeholders, whichever has jurisdiction over the highway.
Amended by L.1948, c. 170, p. 912, s. 3; L.1951, c. 23, p. 82, s. 46.
2023 New Jersey Revised Statutes › Title 39 - Motor Vehicles and Traffic Regulation › Section 39:4-87 - Overtaken vehicle to give way.

39:4-87 Overtaken vehicle to give way.
39:4-87. The driver of a vehicle on a highway, about to be overtaken and passed by another vehicle, approaching from the rear, shall give way to the right in favor of the overtaking vehicle, and shall not increase the speed of his vehicle until completely passed by the overtaking vehicle.
amended 2014, c.69, s.7.
2023 New Jersey Revised Statutes › Title 39 - Motor Vehicles and Traffic Regulation › Section 39:4-87.1 - Right of way of certain buses reentering traffic.

39:4-87.1 Right of way of certain buses reentering traffic.
1. a. The driver of a non-emergency vehicle upon a highway shall yield the right of way to any bus, provided that:
(1) The driver is operating a vehicle that is in a position to overtake the bus from its rear; and
(2) The bus, after exiting an active traffic lane for the purpose of stopping to receive or discharge passengers is attempting to reenter the lane from which it exited and to enter the traffic lane occupied by the driver by signaling its intention to do so. No other lane changes shall be applicable.
As used in this act, "bus" means a bus as defined in section 3 of P.L.1995, c.225 (C.48:4-2.1e), in regular scheduled service, and a motorbus operated in regular route service pursuant to P.L.1979, c.150 (C.27:25 -1 et seq.).
b. The New Jersey Transit Corporation shall conduct a public education program to inform motorists of the requirements imposed by this section relating to bus rights-of-way.
c. The Commissioner of Transportation shall study the need for further action to effectuate the purposes of this 2003 act and shall, no later than 18 months after the effective date of this 2003 act, report to the Governor and the Legislature.
d. This section shall not relieve the driver of any bus from the duty to drive with due regard for the safety of all persons, nor shall it protect the driver from the consequences of his reckless disregard for the safety of others. Nothing in this section shall be construed to limit any immunity or defense otherwise provided by law.
L.2003,c.226,s.1.
2023 New Jersey Revised Statutes › Title 39 - Motor Vehicles and Traffic Regulation › Section 39:4-88 - Traffic on marked lanes.

39:4-88 Traffic on marked lanes.
When a roadway has been divided into clearly marked lanes for traffic, drivers of vehicles shall obey the following regulations:
a. A vehicle shall normally be driven in the lane nearest the right-hand edge or curb of the roadway when that lane is available for travel, except when overtaking another vehicle or in preparation for a left turn.
b. A vehicle shall be driven as nearly as practicable entirely within a single lane and shall not be moved from that lane until the driver has first ascertained that the movement can be made with safety.
c. Upon a highway which is divided into 3 lanes, a vehicle shall not be driven in the center lane except when overtaking or passing another vehicle or in preparation for a left turn or unless the center lane is at the time allocated for traffic moving in the direction the vehicle is proceeding and is signposted to give notice of that allocation.
d. The State Highway Commissioner may by regulation or local authorities may by resolution or ordinance with respect to highways under their jurisdiction designate right-hand lanes for slow moving traffic and inside lanes for traffic moving at the speed designated for the district as provided under this chapter, and when the lanes are signposted or marked to give notice of the designation a vehicle may be driven in any lane allocated to traffic moving in the direction in which it is proceeding, but when traveling within the inside lanes the vehicle shall be driven at approximately the speed authorized in such lanes and speed shall not be decreased unnecessarily so as to block, hinder or retard traffic.
e. When such roadway had been divided in such a manner that there are three or more lanes for traffic in any one direction, no truck of 10,000 pounds registered gross weight or over shall be driven in the farthest left-hand lane, except:
(1) when and to the extent necessary to prepare for a left turn; a truck may be driven in the farthest left lane for up to one mile to prepare for a left hand turn as authorized under this paragraph;
(2) when necessary to enter or leave such roadway by entrance or exit to or from the left lane; a truck may be driven in the farthest left lane for up to one mile to prepare to enter or leave the roadway as authorized under this paragraph;
(3) when reasonably necessary in response to emergency conditions; for the purposes of this paragraph, "emergency conditions" shall include, but not be limited to: poor visibility, snow, accidents, or the presence of emergency vehicles.
amended 1951, c.23, s.47; 1968, c.432; 2013, c.86, s.1.
2023 New Jersey Revised Statutes › Title 39 - Motor Vehicles and Traffic Regulation › Section 39:4-88.1 - Penalties, fines.

39:4-88.1 Penalties, fines.
2. The penalty for a violation of failing to keep right under R.S.39:4-82 or failure to observe traffic lanes under R.S. 39:4-88 shall be a fine of not less than $100 or more than $300. In addition to any fine that may be imposed, a surcharge of $50 shall be imposed on each person found guilty of a violation of R.S.39:4-82 or R.S.39:4-88. The State Treasurer shall annually deposit the surcharge into the fund established pursuant to section 3 of P.L.2013, c.86 (C.39:4-88.2).
L.2013, c.86, s.2.
2023 New Jersey Revised Statutes › Title 39 - Motor Vehicles and Traffic Regulation › Section 39:4-88.2 - Repository fund.

39:4-88.2 Repository fund.
3. There is created within the Department of the Treasury, a separate, non-lapsing fund that shall be administered by the Department of Transportation. The fund shall be the repository for the $50 surcharge imposed for each violation of R.S.39:4-82 and R.S. 39:4-88. Unless otherwise specifically provided by law, monies in the fund shall be utilized exclusively to acquire, install, and maintain highway signs that notify motorists entering New Jersey to comply with the provisions of R.S.39:4-82 and R.S.39:4-88.
L.2013, c.86, s.3.
2023 New Jersey Revised Statutes › Title 39 - Motor Vehicles and Traffic Regulation › Section 39:4-89 - Following; space between trucks

39:4-89. Following; space between trucks
The driver of a vehicle shall not follow another vehicle more closely than is reasonable and prudent, having due regard to the speed of the preceding vehicle and the traffic upon, and condition of, the highway.
The driver of a motor truck when traveling upon a highway, outside of a business or residence district, shall not follow another motor truck within one hundred feet, but this shall not be construed to prevent one motor truck overtaking and passing another.
2023 New Jersey Revised Statutes › Title 39 - Motor Vehicles and Traffic Regulation › Section 39:4-90 - Right of way at intersections

39:4-90. Right of way at intersections
The driver of a vehicle approaching an intersection shall yield the right of way to a vehicle which has entered the intersection. When 2 vehicles enter an intersection at the same time the driver of the vehicle on the left shall yield the right of way to the driver of the vehicle on the right.
The driver of a vehicle within an intersection intending to turn to the left shall yield to a vehicle approaching from the opposite direction which is within the intersection or so close thereto as to constitute an immediate hazard, but the driver having so yielded, and having given a signal when and as required by law, may make the left turn; and other vehicles approaching the intersection from the opposite direction shall yield to the driver making the left turn.
Amended by L.1958, c. 114, p. 587, s. 1.
2023 New Jersey Revised Statutes › Title 39 - Motor Vehicles and Traffic Regulation › Section 39:4-90.1 - Limited access highways, driving onto or from

39:4-90.1. Limited access highways, driving onto or from
No person shall drive a vehicle onto or from any limited-access highway except at such entrances and exits as are established by public authority.
L.1951, c. 23, p. 85, s. 51.
2023 New Jersey Revised Statutes › Title 39 - Motor Vehicles and Traffic Regulation › Section 39:4-91 - Right of way of emergency vehicles; liability of drivers.

39:4-91 Right of way of emergency vehicles; liability of drivers.
39:4-91. a. The driver of a vehicle upon a highway shall yield the right of way to any authorized emergency vehicle when it is operated on official business, or in the exercise of the driver's profession or calling, in response to an emergency call or in the pursuit of an actual or suspected violator of the law and when an audible signal by bell, siren, exhaust whistle or other means is sounded from the authorized emergency vehicle and when the authorized emergency vehicle, except a police vehicle, is equipped with at least one lighted lamp displaying a red light visible under normal atmospheric conditions from a distance of at least five hundred feet to the front of the vehicle.
b. This section shall not relieve the driver of any authorized emergency vehicle from the duty to drive with due regard for the safety of all persons, nor shall it protect the driver from the consequences of his reckless disregard for the safety of others. Nothing in this section shall be construed to limit any immunity or defense otherwise provided by law.
Amended 1951, c.23, s.49; 1997, c.423, s.1.
2023 New Jersey Revised Statutes › Title 39 - Motor Vehicles and Traffic Regulation › Section 39:4-92 - Authorized emergency vehicles; clearance for; following or parking near

39:4-92. Authorized emergency vehicles; clearance for; following or parking near
Upon the immediate approach of an authorized emergency vehicle giving audible signal, and equipped, as required by section 39:4-91 of this Title, and unless otherwise directed by a police or traffic officer,
(a) The driver of every vehicle shall immediately drive to a position as near as possible and parallel to the right-hand edge or curb of the highway, clear of an intersection of highways, and shall stop and remain in that position until the authorized emergency vehicle has passed and
(b) The driver or person in control of a street car shall immediately stop the car clear of an intersection of highways and keep it stationary until the authorized emergency vehicle has passed.
No driver of any vehicle other than one on official business shall follow any authorized emergency vehicle, traveling in response to an emergency call, closer than 300 feet, or drive nearer to, or park the vehicle within 200 feet of, where any fire apparatus has stopped in answer to a fire alarm.
Amended by L.1951, c. 23, p. 85, s. 50; L.1962, c. 148, s. 1.
2023 New Jersey Revised Statutes › Title 39 - Motor Vehicles and Traffic Regulation › Section 39:4-92.1 - Fire department vehicle returning to fire station; flashing red light

39:4-92.1. Fire department vehicle returning to fire station; flashing red light
It shall be lawful for any fire department vehicle when returning to its fire station from an emergency call to display a flashing red light visible under normal atmospheric conditions from a distance of at least 500 feet to the rear of the vehicle and no driver of any vehicle other than one on official business shall follow any such vehicle displaying said light closer than 300 feet.
L.1966, c. 289, s. 1, eff. Oct. 6, 1966.
2023 New Jersey Revised Statutes › Title 39 - Motor Vehicles and Traffic Regulation › Section 39:4-92.2 - Procedure for motorist approaching certain stationary vehicles.

39:4-92.2 Procedure for motorist approaching certain stationary vehicles.
1. a. The operator of a motor vehicle approaching a stationary authorized emergency vehicle as defined in R.S.39:1-1 that is displaying a flashing, blinking, or alternating red or blue light , or any configuration of lights containing one of these colors, shall approach the authorized emergency vehicle with due caution and shall, absent any other direction by a law enforcement officer, proceed as follows:
(1) Make a lane change into a lane not adjacent to the authorized emergency vehicle if possible in the existing safety and traffic conditions; or
(2) If a lane change pursuant to paragraph (1) of subsection a. of this section would be impossible, prohibited by law or unsafe, reduce the speed of the motor vehicle to a reasonable and proper speed for the existing road and traffic conditions, which speed shall be less than the posted speed limit, and be prepared to stop.
b. The operator of a motor vehicle approaching a stationary tow truck as defined in section 1 of P.L.1999, c.396 (C.39:3-84.6) that is displaying a flashing amber light, a stationary highway maintenance or emergency service vehicle that is operated by the State, an authority, or a county or municipality and displaying flashing yellow, amber, or red lights, or a stationary sanitation vehicle displaying a flashing amber warning light pursuant to section 1 of P.L.2011, c.3 (C.39:3-54.27) shall approach the vehicle with due caution and shall, absent any other direction by a law enforcement officer, proceed as follows:
(1) Make a lane change into a lane not adjacent to the tow truck, highway maintenance or emergency service vehicle, or sanitation vehicle if possible in the existing safety and traffic conditions; or
(2) If a lane change under paragraph (1) of subsection b. of this section would be impossible, prohibited by law or unsafe, reduce the speed of the motor vehicle to a reasonable and proper speed for the existing road and traffic conditions, which speed shall be less than the posted speed limit, and be prepared to stop.
c. A person who violates this section shall be fined not less than $100 and not more than $500.
In addition to the fine imposed pursuant to this subsection, a person convicted of three or more offenses under this section that occur within a 12-month period shall be assessed two motor vehicle penalty points pursuant to section 1 of P.L.1982, c.43 (C.39:5-30.5).
A motor vehicle operator shall not be assessed motor vehicle penalty points unless the stationary vehicle is displaying flashing, blinking, or alternating lights in accordance with this section at the time of the third or subsequent violation .
L.2009, c.5, s.1; amended 2017, c.43, s.2; 2019, c.370, s.1.
2023 New Jersey Revised Statutes › Title 39 - Motor Vehicles and Traffic Regulation › Section 39:4-92.3 - Public awareness campaign.

39:4-92.3 Public awareness campaign.
2. The Director of the Division of Highway Traffic Safety in the Department of Law and Public Safety shall establish a public awareness campaign to inform the general public concerning:
(1) the importance of motor vehicle operators reducing the speed of their vehicles and changing lanes when approaching an authorized emergency vehicle; tow truck; or highway maintenance, emergency service, or sanitation vehicle that is displaying flashing, blinking, or alternating emergency lights as required pursuant to section 1 of P.L.2009, c.5 (C.39:4-92.2);
(2) the risks associated with the failure of a motor vehicle operator to comply with the provisions of section 1 of P.L.2009, c.5 (C.39:4-92.2); and
(3) the penalties and fines that are imposed on a motor vehicle operator who violates section 1 of P.L.2009, c.5 (C.39:4-92.2).
L.2019, c.370, s.2.
2023 New Jersey Revised Statutes › Title 39 - Motor Vehicles and Traffic Regulation › Section 39:4-92.4 - Definitions; procedures.

39:4-92.4 Definitions; procedures.
1. a. As used in this section:
"Bicycle" shall have the same meaning as set forth in R.S.39:4-14.5.
"Low-speed electric bicycle" shall have the same meaning as set forth in R.S.39:1-1.
"Low-speed electric scooter" shall have the same meaning as set forth in R.S.39:1-1.
"Pedestrian" shall include, but not be limited to, a pedestrian as defined in R.S.39:1-1, a person in a wheelchair or motorized wheelchair as defined in R.S.39:1-1, a person employed by or who contracts with any public utility company in this State, a property maintenance worker, or any other person who is permitted by law to be upon the roadway for work or recreation.
b. The operator of a motor vehicle approaching a pedestrian, bicycle, low-speed electric bicycle, low-speed electric scooter, or any other lawful personal conveyance located or operating in an area designated for pedestrians or those conveyances, as appropriate, on the roadways of this State shall approach with due caution and shall, absent any other direction by a law enforcement officer, proceed as follows:
(1) when possible under existing safety and traffic conditions, make a lane change into a lane not adjacent to the pedestrian or personal conveyance;
(2) if a lane change cannot be made pursuant to paragraph (1) of this subsection, leave a reasonable and safe distance of not less than four feet while approaching the pedestrian or personal conveyance and maintain a distance of at least four feet until the motor vehicle has safely passed the conveyance; or
(3) if it is not possible, prohibited by law, or unsafe to make a lane change pursuant to paragraph (1) of this subsection or to leave a reasonable and safe distance of not less than four feet pursuant to paragraph (2) of this subsection, the motor vehicle operator shall reduce the speed of the motor vehicle to 25 miles per hour or a lower posted speed and be prepared to stop; the operator may pass the pedestrian or personal conveyance only if, considering the size and speed of the motor vehicle, traffic conditions, weather, visibility, and the surface and width of the roadway, passing does not endanger the safety of a pedestrian, operator of the personal conveyance, or any other person on the roadway.
c. A person who commits a violation of the provisions of this section which results in bodily injury as defined in N.J.S.2C:11-1 shall be fined $500 and assessed two motor vehicle penalty points; if no bodily injury results, the violator shall be fined $100 and shall not be assessed any penalty points.
d. Nothing in this section shall be construed to preclude or limit a prosecution or conviction for a violation of any offense defined by the laws of this State or for any violation of Title 39 of the Revised Statutes.
L.2021, c.194.
2023 New Jersey Revised Statutes › Title 39 - Motor Vehicles and Traffic Regulation › Section 39:4-93 - Processions

39:4-93. Processions
If a procession takes longer than five minutes to pass a given point, it shall be interrupted every five minutes for the passage of traffic which may be waiting.
Authorized emergency vehicles, United States mail vehicles and physicians vehicles shall have the right of way through a procession.
Amended by L.1951, c. 23, p. 86, s. 53.
2023 New Jersey Revised Statutes › Title 39 - Motor Vehicles and Traffic Regulation › Section 39:4-94.2 - State, county or municipal highway, road or street closed with posted notice and barricade; violations; penalty

39:4-94.2. State, county or municipal highway, road or street closed with posted notice and barricade; violations; penalty
Whenever by order of the Commissioner of the Department of Transportation, a State highway, or by resolution of a county governing body, a county public road, or by appropriate action of the governing body of a municipality, a municipal street or road is declared closed to traffic for any lawful purpose, and a notice of the closing has been posted at the beginning and ending points of the closed section of the highway, road, or street, and a barricade erected at those points, any person who without the permission of the commissioner or governing body of the county, or municipality, as the case may be:
a. Mutilates or removes the notice, or damages, destroys or removes any warning sign or signal, or removes the barricade placed or posted by the commissioner or county or municipal governing body, at any point along the highway, road or street in connection with or relating to the closed portion thereof; or
b. Drives a vehicle over or upon the closed section of the highway, road or street which he knows or should have reason to know has been closed to traffic; or
c. Violates any rule or regulation for the use of the highway, road or street duly made by the commissioner or county or municipal governing body, as authorized by law, he shall be subject to a fine of not more than $100.00.
L.1981, c. 229, s. 1, eff. July 27, 1981.
2023 New Jersey Revised Statutes › Title 39 - Motor Vehicles and Traffic Regulation › Section 39:4-96 - Reckless driving; punishment

39:4-96. Reckless driving; punishment
39:4-96. A person who drives a vehicle heedlessly, in willful or wanton disregard of the rights or safety of others, in a manner so as to endanger, or be likely to endanger, a person or property, shall be guilty of reckless driving and be punished by imprisonment in the county or municipal jail for a period of not more than 60 days, or by a fine of not less than $50.00 or more than $200.00, or both.
On a second or subsequent conviction he shall be punished by imprisonment for not more than three months, or by a fine of not less than $100 or more than $500, or both.
Amended 1955,c.220,s.1; 1982,c.45,s.3; 1995,c.70,s.2.
2023 New Jersey Revised Statutes › Title 39 - Motor Vehicles and Traffic Regulation › Section 39:4-97 - Careless driving

39:4-97. Careless driving
39:4-97. A person who drives a vehicle carelessly, or without due caution and circumspection, in a manner so as to endanger, or be likely to endanger, a person or property, shall be guilty of careless driving.
Amended 1951,c.23,s.54; 1955,c.220,s.2; 1995,c.70,s.3.
2023 New Jersey Revised Statutes › Title 39 - Motor Vehicles and Traffic Regulation › Section 39:4-97a - Agricultural, recreational property protected

39:4-97a. Agricultural, recreational property protected
No person shall operate a motor vehicle, except a motor vehicle operated for emergency purposes by a fire department or ambulance or rescue squad, in a manner which causes the destruction of agricultural crops, fences, fields or other agricultural or recreational property. "Recreational property" means any public or private property used as a golf course, park, or other similar purpose.
L. 1985, c. 154, s. 1, eff. April 25, 1985.
2023 New Jersey Revised Statutes › Title 39 - Motor Vehicles and Traffic Regulation › Section 39:4-97.1 - Slow speeds as blocking traffic

39:4-97.1. Slow speeds as blocking traffic
No person shall drive a motor vehicle at such a slow speed as to impede or block the normal and reasonable movement of traffic except when reduced speed is necessary for safe operation or in compliance with law.
L.1955, c. 220, p. 869, s. 3.
2023 New Jersey Revised Statutes › Title 39 - Motor Vehicles and Traffic Regulation › Section 39:4-97.2 - Driving, operating a motor vehicle in an unsafe manner, offense created; fines; surcharges.

39:4-97.2 Driving, operating a motor vehicle in an unsafe manner, offense created; fines; surcharges.
1. a. Notwithstanding any other provision of law to the contrary, it shall be unlawful for any person to drive or operate a motor vehicle in an unsafe manner likely to endanger a person or property.
b. A person convicted of a first offense under subsection a. of this section shall be subject to a fine of not less than $50.00 or more than $150.00 and shall not be assessed any motor vehicle penalty points pursuant to section 1 of P.L.1982, c.43 (C.39:5-30.5).
c. A person convicted of a second offense under subsection a. of this section shall be subject to a fine of not less than $100.00 or more than $250.00 and shall not be assessed any motor vehicle penalty points pursuant to section 1 of P.L.1982, c.43 (C.39:5-30.5).
d. A person convicted of a third or subsequent offense under subsection a. of this section shall be subject to a fine of not less than $200.00 or more than $500.00 and shall be assessed motor vehicle penalty points pursuant to section 1 of P.L.1982, c.43 (C.39:5-30.5).
e. An offense committed under this section that occurs more than five years after the prior offense shall not be considered a subsequent offense for the purpose of assessing motor vehicle penalty points under subsection d. of this section.
f. In addition to any fine, fee or other charge imposed pursuant to law, the court shall assess a person convicted of an offense under subsection a. of this section a surcharge of $250 which shall be collected by the court and distributed to the Division of Revenue in the Department of the Treasury as a New Jersey Merit Rating Plan surcharge pursuant to subparagraph (a) of paragraph (2) of subsection b. of section 6 of P.L.1983, c.65 (C.17:29A-35). The surcharge shall be assessed for offenses occurring on or after July 24, 2000 but before the first day of the first month next following the date the written notification required pursuant to subsection b. of section 2 of P.L.2019, c.301 (C.52:9S-3.1) is transmitted to the State Treasurer and the Chief Administrator of the Motor Vehicle Commission. The commission shall have no legal authority to collect any surcharge, together with any interest and administrative fees, that have been assessed but remain unpaid, or that may be levied and required to be paid, on or after that date.
L.2000, c.75, s.1; amended 2004, c.69; 2019, c.301, s.5.