reglab/statecodes huggingface dataset:
2023 New York Laws › VAT - Vehicle and Traffic › Title 1 - Words and Phrases Defined › Article 1 - Words and Phrases Defined. › 145-D - Definition of Snow Tire.

§ 145-d. Definition  of  snow  tire. Snow tires shall include tires in
  which the ply cords extending to the beads are nearly at right angles to
  the center line of the tread commonly referred to as  radial  tires  and
  the  commissioner  shall  promulgate  rules and regulations defining the
  term snow tire with respect to non-radial tires. No person  whose  motor
  vehicle  is  equipped  with  radial  tires or tires which conform to the
  definition promulgated by the commissioner shall  be  prosecuted  for  a
  violation  of  any  local  law or ordinance requiring the equipping of a
  motor vehicle with  snow  tires  during  any  period  of  declared  snow
  emergency.
2023 New York Laws › VAT - Vehicle and Traffic › Title 1 - Words and Phrases Defined › Article 1 - Words and Phrases Defined. › 145-E - Stinger-Steered Automobile Transporter.

§ 145-e. Stinger-steered   automobile   transporter.   An   automobile
  transporter configured as a semitrailer combination  wherein  the  fifth
  wheel  is located on a drop frame located behind and below the rear-most
  axle of the power unit.
2023 New York Laws › VAT - Vehicle and Traffic › Title 1 - Words and Phrases Defined › Article 1 - Words and Phrases Defined. › 145-F - Stinger-Steered Boat Transporter.

§   145-f.   Stinger-steered  boat  transporter.  A  boat  transporter
  configured as a semitrailer  combination  wherein  the  fifth  wheel  is
  located  on  a drop frame located behind and below the rear-most axle of
  the power unit.
2023 New York Laws › VAT - Vehicle and Traffic › Title 1 - Words and Phrases Defined › Article 1 - Words and Phrases Defined. › 147 - Stop or Stopping.

§ 147. Stop  or  stopping.    When  prohibited  means any halting even
  momentarily of a vehicle, whether occupied or not, except when necessary
  to  avoid  conflict  with  other  traffic  or  in  compliance  with  the
  directions of a police officer or traffic-control sign or signal.
2023 New York Laws › VAT - Vehicle and Traffic › Title 1 - Words and Phrases Defined › Article 1 - Words and Phrases Defined. › 148-A - Taxicab.

§ 148-a. Taxicab.  Every  motor vehicle, other than a bus, used in the
  business of transporting passengers for compensation,  and  operated  in
  such  business  under  a  license or permit issued by a local authority.
  However, it shall not  include  vehicles  which  are  rented  or  leased
  without a driver.
2023 New York Laws › VAT - Vehicle and Traffic › Title 1 - Words and Phrases Defined › Article 1 - Words and Phrases Defined. › 149 - Through Highway.

§ 149. Through  highway.    Every  highway or portion thereof on which
  vehicular traffic is  given  preferential  right  of  way,  and  at  the
  entrances  to  which  vehicular  traffic  from  intersecting highways is
  controlled by traffic-control signals or is required by law to yield the
  right of way to vehicles on such  through  highway  in  obedience  to  a
  flashing  red  signal, a stop sign or a yield sign, when such signals or
  signs are erected as provided in this chapter.
2023 New York Laws › VAT - Vehicle and Traffic › Title 1 - Words and Phrases Defined › Article 1 - Words and Phrases Defined. › 151-A - Tractor.

§ 151-a. Tractor.  A motor vehicle designed and used as the power unit
  in combination with a semitrailer or trailer, or two  such  trailers  in
  tandem.  Any  such  motor  vehicle  shall  not carry cargo except that a
  tractor and semitrailer engaged in the transportation of automobiles may
  transport motor vehicles on part of the power unit.
2023 New York Laws › VAT - Vehicle and Traffic › Title 1 - Words and Phrases Defined › Article 1 - Words and Phrases Defined. › 153 - Traffic Control Devices.

§ 153. Traffic  control  devices.    All signs, signals, markings, and
  devices  not  inconsistent  with  this  chapter  placed  or  erected  by
  authority  of  a  public  body  or  official having jurisdiction for the
  purpose of regulating, warning or guiding traffic.
2023 New York Laws › VAT - Vehicle and Traffic › Title 1 - Words and Phrases Defined › Article 1 - Words and Phrases Defined. › 156 - Trailer.

§ 156. Trailer.    Any vehicle not propelled by its own power drawn on
  the public highways by a motor vehicle as defined in section one hundred
  twenty-five operated thereon,  except  motorcycle  side  cars,  vehicles
  being  towed  by a non-rigid support and vehicles designed and primarily
  used for other purposes and only occasionally  drawn  by  such  a  motor
  vehicle.
2023 New York Laws › VAT - Vehicle and Traffic › Title 1 - Words and Phrases Defined › Article 1 - Words and Phrases Defined. › 157 - Trolley Bus or Trolley Coach.

§ 157. Trolley  bus  or trolley coach.  Any motor vehicle not operated
  on rails or tracks which is propelled by electric  power  received  from
  overhead  trolley wires and which is operated by a person or corporation
  subject to the jurisdiction of the public service  commission,  pursuant
  to  local  consent  and  a  certificate,  permission  and  approval,  or
  authority granted by the commission.
2023 New York Laws › VAT - Vehicle and Traffic › Title 1 - Words and Phrases Defined › Article 1 - Words and Phrases Defined. › 158-B - Vanpool Vehicle.

§ 158-b. Vanpool  vehicle. Any motor vehicle which is manufactured and
  equipped in such manner as to provide a seating  capacity  of  not  less
  than  six  and  not  more  than  fifteen  passengers, in addition to the
  driver,  and  which  is  owned  by,  or  leased  to,  a  person,   firm,
  corporation, association, municipality or public authority in this state
  to  be  used  for  the  purpose  of  vanpooling,  which  shall  mean the
  prearranged transport of persons to and from their places of  employment
  or  other destinations on a regular daily basis provided that any moneys
  paid by the passengers to the vanpool vehicle owner, lessee or  operator
  are  solely for the recovery of some or all expenses related directly to
  the transport of the passengers, including tolls,  fuel,  insurance  and
  depreciation, on a non-profit basis.
2023 New York Laws › VAT - Vehicle and Traffic › Title 1 - Words and Phrases Defined › Article 1 - Words and Phrases Defined. › 159 - Vehicle.

§ 159. Vehicle.    Every  device  in,  upon, or by which any person or
  property is or may be  transported  or  drawn  upon  a  highway,  except
  devices  moved  by human power or used exclusively upon stationary rails
  or tracks.
2023 New York Laws › VAT - Vehicle and Traffic › Title 1 - Words and Phrases Defined › Article 1 - Words and Phrases Defined. › 160 - Wheel Lift.

§  160.  Wheel  lift.  Any device that may be extended beyond the rear
  bumper of a tow truck or car carrier for the purpose of  towing  another
  vehicle. Such device may also be referred to as an "under lift".
2023 New York Laws › VAT - Vehicle and Traffic › Title 1 - Words and Phrases Defined › Article 1 - Words and Phrases Defined. › 161 - Work Area.

§ 161. Work  area.  That  part of a highway being used or occupied for
  the conduct of highway work, within which workers, vehicles,  equipment,
  materials, supplies, excavations, or other obstructions are present.
2023 New York Laws › VAT - Vehicle and Traffic › Title 2 - Department of Motor Vehicles; Commissioner › Article 2 - Department of Motor Vehicles; Commissioner › 202-B - Penalties for Submission of Dishonored Checks and Credit Card Payments.

§ 202-b. Penalties for submission of dishonored checks and credit card
  payments.  (a)  A thirty-five dollar penalty fee shall be charged to any
  person who has submitted a check to the commissioner or his or her agent
  as payment for any license, permit or registration or any other type  of
  fee  for  any  type  of transaction as required by this chapter and such
  check has been dishonored. Such  thirty-five  dollar  penalty  shall  be
  added  to  the  amount  due to the commissioner. In addition, any or all
  licenses, permits or registrations issued in the name of such person may
  be suspended and, if a suspension has been issued, any other transaction
  in the name of such person with this department may be prohibited  until
  full  satisfaction  of  the  amount  due  to  the  commissioner  and the
  thirty-five dollar penalty fee is paid  to  the  commissioner.  No  such
  suspension shall be issued until thirty days after notification that the
  check  has  been dishonored is mailed to such person. If satisfaction is
  made within thirty days from the date of mailing of  such  notification,
  no suspension shall be issued. (b) In any case where a person has made a
  credit  card  payment to the commissioner or his or her agent as payment
  for any license, permit or registration or any other type of fee for any
  type of transaction as required by this chapter, and  such  credit  card
  payment  is contested and is not honored by the credit card company, any
  other transaction in the name of such person with the department may  be
  prohibited, upon at least thirty days notice, until full satisfaction of
  the amount due to the commissioner has been paid.
2023 New York Laws › VAT - Vehicle and Traffic › Title 2 - Department of Motor Vehicles; Commissioner › Article 2 - Department of Motor Vehicles; Commissioner › 203 - Oaths and Acknowledgments.

§ 203. Oaths  and acknowledgments. The commissioner of motor vehicles,
  a deputy commissioner, an  assistant  deputy  commissioner  or  a  motor
  vehicle referee shall have power to administer oaths and take affidavits
  and  acknowledgments  in  relation  to  any  matter or proceeding in the
  exercise of  the  powers  or  the  performance  of  the  duties  of  the
  commissioner  under  this  chapter.  Any  officer  or  employee  of  the
  department of  motor  vehicles,  designated  for  that  purpose  by  the
  commissioner  of  motor  vehicles, or any assistant to a county clerk as
  may be designated by such county clerk, shall have  power  to  take  any
  affidavit  or  acknowledgment  which any person is required to file with
  the department of motor vehicles.
2023 New York Laws › VAT - Vehicle and Traffic › Title 2 - Department of Motor Vehicles; Commissioner › Article 2 - Department of Motor Vehicles; Commissioner › 204 - Subpoenaing Hearing Referees.

§ 204. Subpoenaing  hearing  referees.  No  officer or employee of the
  department of motor vehicles who has conducted a hearing  concerning  an
  owner  or operator of a motor vehicle or motorcycle shall be required to
  appear in any court as a witness in a civil action in which  such  owner
  or  operator  is a party except pursuant to a subpoena signed by a judge
  of a court of record, or a judge of the court in  which  the  action  is
  pending,  issued  upon an application to such judge after, at least, one
  day's notice to the commissioner  or  a  deputy  commissioner  of  motor
  vehicles.
2023 New York Laws › VAT - Vehicle and Traffic › Title 2 - Department of Motor Vehicles; Commissioner › Article 2 - Department of Motor Vehicles; Commissioner › 206 - Deputization of Agents.

§ 206. Deputization   of   agents.   The   commissioner  may,  in  his
  discretion, deputize any person to act for the commissioner, subject  to
  rules  and  limitations prescribed by him, for the purpose of issuing or
  renewing licenses, registrations and number plates.  Any  such  license,
  registration  or  number  plate so issued or renewed shall be subject to
  cancellation by the commissioner, if improperly  issued.  Such  deputies
  shall not receive compensation from the state under this section, and no
  fee  in  addition  to  the  fees  prescribed by law shall be charged any
  applicant unless such fee has been approved  by  the  commissioner.  The
  commissioner  may,  without  a hearing, revoke at any time the authority
  granted to any person under this section.
2023 New York Laws › VAT - Vehicle and Traffic › Title 2 - Department of Motor Vehicles; Commissioner › Article 2 - Department of Motor Vehicles; Commissioner › 207 - Uniform Traffic Summons and Complaint.

§ 207. Uniform  traffic  summons and complaint. 1. Except as otherwise
  provided, the commissioner shall be authorized to prescribe the form  of
  summons  and  complaint  in  all  cases  involving  a  violation  of any
  provision of this chapter, including section twelve hundred three-c,  or
  of  any provision of the tax law or of the transportation law regulating
  traffic, or of any ordinance, rule or regulation  relating  to  traffic,
  and  to establish procedures for proper administrative controls over the
  disposition thereof. The commissioner is not authorized to prescribe the
  form  of  summons  and  complaint  for  parking,  stopping  or  standing
  violations  or a violation of article forty-seven or forty-eight of this
  chapter.
2. The chief executive officer of each local  police  force  including
  county,  town,  city  and  village police departments, sheriffs, and the
  superintendent of state police shall prepare or  cause  to  be  prepared
  such records and reports as may be prescribed hereunder.
3.  The  commissioner  shall have the power from time to time to adopt
  such rules and  regulations  as  may  be  necessary  to  accomplish  the
  purposes   and   enforce   the  provisions  of  this  section  including
  requirements for reporting by  trial  courts  having  jurisdiction  over
  traffic violations.
4.  The provisions of this section shall not apply to or supersede any
  ordinance, rule or regulation heretofore or hereafter made,  adopted  or
  prescribed  pursuant  to  law  in  any  city  having a population of one
  million or over, and the commissioner may limit the application  of  any
  rule or regulation to exclude specified violations based upon conditions
  or  factors  making differentiation or separate classification necessary
  or desirable.
5. Any  person  who  disposes  of  any  uniform  traffic  summons  and
  complaint  in  any  manner  other  than  that prescribed by law shall be
  guilty of a misdemeanor.
2023 New York Laws › VAT - Vehicle and Traffic › Title 2 - Department of Motor Vehicles; Commissioner › Article 2 - Department of Motor Vehicles; Commissioner › 208 - Affirmation of Complaints.

§ 208. Affirmation  of  complaints.  Where  a traffic summons has been
  served by a police officer, police cadet or bridge and  tunnel  officers
  employed  by  the  triborough  bridge  and  tunnel authority in cases of
  violations of any provision of this chapter, except title eleven, or  of
  any  ordinance,  rule or regulation enacted pursuant thereto or pursuant
  to any other law relating to traffic, any chief, deputy chief,  captain,
  lieutenant  or  acting  lieutenant,  or sergeant or acting sergeant of a
  police department, or any sheriff, undersheriff,  chief  deputy,  deputy
  sergeant  or deputy in charge of a road patrol maintained by any sheriff
  in any county to whom the service of the traffic summons is reported, is
  hereby authorized to administer to such police officer, police cadet  or
  bridge  and  tunnel officer employed by the triborough bridge and tunnel
  authority all necessary oaths in connection with the  execution  of  the
  complaint  to be presented in court by such police officer, police cadet
  or bridge and tunnel officer  employed  by  the  triborough  bridge  and
  tunnel  authority  in  the  prosecution of such offense, but a complaint
  need not be verified provided it shall  be  affirmed  under  penalty  of
  perjury.
2023 New York Laws › VAT - Vehicle and Traffic › Title 2 - Department of Motor Vehicles; Commissioner › Article 2 - Department of Motor Vehicles; Commissioner › 209 - Bureau of Motor Vehicles Abolished; Transfer of Functions; Officers and Employees.

§ 209. Bureau  of  motor  vehicles  abolished;  transfer of functions;
  officers and employees. The bureau of motor vehicles in  the  department
  of  taxation  and finance is hereby abolished. The functions, powers and
  duties of the bureau of motor vehicles in the department of taxation and
  finance are hereby assigned to the department of  motor  vehicles.  Each
  deputy commissioner in the bureau of motor vehicles in the department of
  taxation  and finance shall continue in office as deputy commissioner in
  the department of motor vehicles and shall serve during the pleasure  of
  the  commissioner. All civil service employees in the existing bureau of
  motor vehicles in the department of taxation and finance, in service  at
  the  time  this  section  takes effect, shall retain their present civil
  service classification and be transferred to  the  department  of  motor
  vehicles   without  further  examination  or  classification,  and  such
  employees shall perform such duties therein as may be assigned  to  them
  by the commissioner.
2023 New York Laws › VAT - Vehicle and Traffic › Title 2 - Department of Motor Vehicles; Commissioner › Article 2 - Department of Motor Vehicles; Commissioner › 210 - Highway Safety Powers and Duties.

§ 210. Highway  safety  powers  and  duties. The commissioner of motor
  vehicles shall have power to:
1. Formulate  uniform  highway  safety  programs  and  coordinate  the
  efforts   of   all   interested  individuals  and  agencies  engaged  in
  safety-education.
2.  Conduct  a  highway  safety  and  driver  training   program,   in
  conjunction with any interested public or private agencies, as an aid to
  the national defense.
2023 New York Laws › VAT - Vehicle and Traffic › Title 2 - Department of Motor Vehicles; Commissioner › Article 2 - Department of Motor Vehicles; Commissioner › 211 - Continuity of Authority.

§ 211. Continuity of authority. The department of motor vehicles shall
  be  deemed  to constitute a continuation of the powers and duties of the
  bureau of motor vehicles in the department of taxation and  finance  and
  not  a new authority for the purpose of succession to the rights, powers
  and duties and obligations hereby assigned to the department.
2023 New York Laws › VAT - Vehicle and Traffic › Title 2 - Department of Motor Vehicles; Commissioner › Article 2 - Department of Motor Vehicles; Commissioner › 212 - Transfer of Records and Property.

§ 212. Transfer of records and property. All books, papers and records
  of  the  bureau  of  motor  vehicles  in  the department of taxation and
  finance shall be transmitted to the department of motor vehicles and the
  commissioner shall take possession thereof.
2023 New York Laws › VAT - Vehicle and Traffic › Title 2 - Department of Motor Vehicles; Commissioner › Article 2 - Department of Motor Vehicles; Commissioner › 213 - Terms Occurring in Contracts and Other Documents.

§ 213. Terms occurring in contracts and other documents.  Whenever the
  bureau  of  motor  vehicles in the department of taxation and finance is
  referred to or designated in any contract or document, such reference or
  designation shall be deemed to mean and refer to the department of motor
  vehicles.
2023 New York Laws › VAT - Vehicle and Traffic › Title 2 - Department of Motor Vehicles; Commissioner › Article 2 - Department of Motor Vehicles; Commissioner › 214 - Proof of Mailing of Notice or Order.

§  214.  Proof of mailing of notice or order. The production of a copy
  of a notice  or  order  issued  by  the  department,  together  with  an
  electronically-generated  record  of  entry of such order or notice upon
  the appropriate driver's license or registration file of the  department
  and an affidavit by an employee designated by the commissioner as having
  responsibility  for  the  issuance of such order or notice issued by the
  department setting forth the procedure for the issuance and the  mailing
  of  such  notice or order at the address of such person on file with the
  department or at the current  address  provided  by  the  United  States
  postal  service  shall  be  presumptive  evidence  that  such  notice of
  suspension, revocation or order was produced and  mailed  in  accordance
  with such procedures. The foregoing procedure shall not preclude the use
  of an affidavit of service by mail, a certificate of mailing or proof of
  certified  or  registered  mail as proof of mailing of any such order or
  notice.
2023 New York Laws › VAT - Vehicle and Traffic › Title 2 - Department of Motor Vehicles; Commissioner › Article 2 - Department of Motor Vehicles; Commissioner › 215 - Rules and Regulations.

§ 215. Rules   and   regulations.  (a)  General.  Subject  to  and  in
conformity with the provisions of the vehicle and traffic  law  and  the
constitution  and  laws  of the state, the commissioner may enact, amend
and repeal rules and regulations which shall regulate  and  control  the
exercise  of  the  powers  of  the department and the performance of the
duties of officers, agents and other employees thereof.
(b) Vehicle equipment. If the commissioner and  the  attorney  general
shall  determine that any provision of this chapter relating to required
vehicle  equipment  has  been  preempted  by  a  federal  regulation  or
standard,   the  commissioner  may,  in  his  discretion,  promulgate  a
regulation governing such item  or  items  of  equipment,  in  a  manner
consistent  with  such  federal regulation or standard. Such regulation,
when filed with the secretary of state, shall supersede  the  provisions
of  this  chapter  relating  to  the  same  item  or items of equipment,
provided that such regulation shall only  remain  in  force  and  effect
until thirty days after the next adjournment of a regular session of the
legislature  provided,  however,  that  the authority to promulgate such
regulation shall only be exercised if the federal regulation or standard
involved does not take effect at a  time  when  the  legislature  is  in
regular  session,  and  the commissioner's regulation is promulgated and
takes  effect  prior  to  the  next  ensuing  regular  session  of   the
legislature.
(c)   The   commissioner  shall  determine  the  degree  to  which  an
identification card issued to veterans by the United  States  department
of  veterans  affairs  may  be  used as proof of name and/or age for the
purpose of obtaining a driver's  license  or  non-driver  identification
card under this chapter.
2023 New York Laws › VAT - Vehicle and Traffic › Title 2 - Department of Motor Vehicles; Commissioner › Article 2 - Department of Motor Vehicles; Commissioner › 216 - Automotive-Medical Research Division.

§ 216 Automotive-medical  research  division.  The  commissioner shall
  establish an automotive-medical research division with  such  facilities
  and   such  expert  assistants  as  are  necessary  to  do  medical  and
  engineering  research  in  the  field  of  motor  vehicle  safety.   The
  commissioner shall from time to time make reports and recommendations to
  the  governor,  and  the  legislature on the findings and studies of the
  agency. The  commissioner  shall  be  empowered  to  contract  with  the
  department  of  health  for  medical research necessary to carry out the
  purposes of this section, and, subject to the provisions  of  the  state
  finance  law,  to  take  and administer for the state any grant, gift or
  bequest to be applied, principal or income, or both,  for  the  purposes
  specified  in such grant, to the maintenance and operation of a research
  program under this section.
2023 New York Laws › VAT - Vehicle and Traffic › Title 2 - Department of Motor Vehicles; Commissioner › Article 2 - Department of Motor Vehicles; Commissioner › 216-A - Statistics on Driving While Intoxicated.

§ 216-a. Statistics on driving while intoxicated.  1. The commissioner
  shall  collect and analyze statistical information and data with respect
  to: (i) the  number  of  persons  charged  with  violating  any  of  the
  provisions   of  section  eleven  hundred  ninety-two  of  this  chapter
  prohibiting the operation of a motor vehicle while under  the  influence
  of  alcohol  or  drugs,  or  the  provisions  of  section eleven hundred
  ninety-two-a of this  chapter  prohibiting  persons  under  the  age  of
  twenty-one from operating a motor vehicle after having consumed alcohol,
  or  the  provisions  of  section  forty-nine-b  of  the  navigation  law
  prohibiting persons under the age of twenty-one from operating a  vessel
  after  having  consumed alcohol; and (ii) the disposition of such charge
  and (iii) if a conviction or finding was had thereon,  the  category  of
  the  offense  for  which  such conviction or finding was had, whether it
  resulted from a plea of guilty or after trial or after a hearing  before
  a  hearing  officer  and  the  sentence  thereon;  and  (iv)  such other
  information as the commissioner shall deem relevant. Provided,  however,
  that  nothing  herein  shall  be  deemed  to  authorize the reporting or
  collecting of any information relating to the identity of any person  so
  charged, and no such information shall be so reported to or collected by
  the  commissioner except for the purposes of assisting courts or hearing
  officers in the suspension of licenses pursuant to sections five hundred
  ten and five hundred fourteen of  this  chapter  or  the  suspension  of
  operating  privileges pursuant to section forty-nine-b of the navigation
  law, and no such information may be disseminated except to  such  courts
  or hearing officers.
2.  The  commissioner  shall  from  time  to  time  make  reports  and
  recommendations to the governor  and  the  legislature  based  upon  the
  compilation  and  analysis  of the information and data made pursuant to
  this section.
2023 New York Laws › VAT - Vehicle and Traffic › Title 2 - Department of Motor Vehicles; Commissioner › Article 2 - Department of Motor Vehicles; Commissioner › 217 - Record of Hearings.

§ 217. Record of hearings. At any hearing held by the commissioner, or
  a  person deputized by him to conduct a hearing to determine whether any
  license or registration issued pursuant to this chapter or any privilege
  of operating or privilege of operation should be suspended or revoked, a
  mechanical or electronic recording device may be used for the making  of
  a record of the proceedings.
2023 New York Laws › VAT - Vehicle and Traffic › Title 2 - Department of Motor Vehicles; Commissioner › Article 2 - Department of Motor Vehicles; Commissioner › 218 - Special Classification of Vehicles.

§ 218. Special  classification  of vehicles. Notwithstanding any other
  provision of this chapter, any vehicle or  class  of  vehicles  may,  by
  regulation  of the commissioner, be added to or exempted from any of the
  definitions or classifications contained in  this  chapter,  where  such
  addition  or  exemption  is deemed, in his discretion, either necessary,
  desirable or equitable because of the particular characteristics of such
  vehicle or class of vehicles; provided, however, that no  vehicle  which
  is  exempted  from  registration by any provision of this chapter may be
  reclassified pursuant to this section to require  registration,  and  no
  vehicle  which  is  specifically enumerated in schedule F of subdivision
  seven of section four hundred one of this chapter  may  be  reclassified
  pursuant to this section to require registration at an increased fee.
2023 New York Laws › VAT - Vehicle and Traffic › Title 2 - Department of Motor Vehicles; Commissioner › Article 2 - Department of Motor Vehicles; Commissioner › 219 - Interstate Compacts.

§ 219. Interstate  compacts.  Whenever  any  provision of this chapter
  shall provide for or establish a compact or  reciprocal  recognition  of
  vehicle  registrations  with  another  state  or states, the governor or
  commissioner may enter into a written  agreement  or  compact  with  any
  state  authorized  to  be  a  party  to such compact or affected by such
  reciprocal provisions, provided that the conditions and  terms  of  such
  agreement  or compact are consistent with the provisions of this chapter
  pertaining  to  such  compact  or  reciprocal  recognition  of   vehicle
  registrations.
2023 New York Laws › VAT - Vehicle and Traffic › Title 2 - Department of Motor Vehicles; Commissioner › Article 2 - Department of Motor Vehicles; Commissioner › 220 - Exemptions for Safety Equipment.

§ 220. Exemptions  for safety equipment. (1) Notwithstanding any other
provision of this chapter or other  law,  whether  general,  special  or
local,  the commissioner may permit the installation and use of any item
of equipment which he, in his discretion, determines will either  reduce
accidents,  injuries  and fatalities, or otherwise contribute to highway
safety.
(2) Where an exemption  is  granted  pursuant  to  the  provisions  of
subdivision   one,   the  commissioner  may,  by  regulation,  establish
standards for the manufacture and use of any  equipment  for  which  the
exemption is granted.
2023 New York Laws › VAT - Vehicle and Traffic › Title 2 - Department of Motor Vehicles; Commissioner › Article 2 - Department of Motor Vehicles; Commissioner › 221 - Annual Compilation of This Chapter.

§ 221. Annual  compilation  of  this  chapter.  The commissioner shall
  cause to be published by the  department,  and  make  available  to  the
  public, an annual paperback compilation of all of the provisions of this
  chapter.  The  commissioner shall establish a reasonable fee, chargeable
  on a per copy basis, sufficient to cover the  cost  of  preparation  and
  distribution of such books.
2023 New York Laws › VAT - Vehicle and Traffic › Title 2 - Department of Motor Vehicles; Commissioner › Article 2 - Department of Motor Vehicles; Commissioner › 222 - Exemptions for Testing, Demonstration or Experimentation.

§ 222. Exemptions  for testing, demonstration or experimentation.  The
  commissioner, upon application of a person, or upon his own application,
  may grant an exemption from any requirement of this chapter relating  to
  registration  or  equipment to any designated vehicle for the purpose of
  testing, demonstration or experimentation.  Any such exemption shall  be
  limited  to  specific  areas  and  times,  and  such exemptions shall be
  evidenced by a certificate issued by the commissioner or his  designated
  agent, which certificate shall contain a description of the vehicle, the
  exemptions  granted,  and  the  areas  and times to which the exemptions
  apply. For the purposes  of  this  section,  testing,  demonstration  or
  experimentation  shall  be limited to such activities being performed at
  the request of, or with the consent of a governmental  agency.  For  the
  purposes of articles six, seven and eight of this chapter, a certificate
  issued  pursuant  to  this section shall be deemed to be a registration,
  and all the provisions of articles six, seven and eight of this  chapter
  with  regard  to proof of financial security at the time of registration
  and all the penalties found in said articles with respect to the failure
  to maintain such financial security shall apply to vehicles for which  a
  certificate is issued pursuant to this section.
2023 New York Laws › VAT - Vehicle and Traffic › Title 2 - Department of Motor Vehicles; Commissioner › Article 2 - Department of Motor Vehicles; Commissioner › 223-A - School Bus Motorist Education Program.

§  223-a.  School  bus  motorist  education  program. The commissioner
  shall, in conjunction with the governor's traffic safety committee,  the
  departments  of  education  and  transportation,  the  division of state
  police, and the state comprehensive school bus  driver  safety  training
  council,  design  and  implement  a  public education program to educate
  motorists of the dangers of passing a school bus in violation of section
  eleven hundred seventy-four of this chapter, to  reduce  the  number  of
  such incidents, and to promote school bus safety.
2023 New York Laws › VAT - Vehicle and Traffic › Title 2 - Department of Motor Vehicles; Commissioner › Article 2 - Department of Motor Vehicles; Commissioner › 224 - Simplification of Business Application Procedures and Administration.

§ 224. Simplification   of   business   application   procedures   and
  administration. 1. For the purposes of reducing the amount of  paperwork
  required of businesses which are licensed or registered pursuant to this
  chapter,  and  to  provide  for  the  most  efficient  servicing of such
  businesses, the  commissioner  shall,  to  the  extent  administratively
  feasible,  provide that: (i) applications for licenses or registrations,
  or renewals thereof, to be issued pursuant  to  sections  three  hundred
  three,  three  hundred  ninety-eight-c,  four  hundred  fifteen and four
  hundred fifteen-a of this chapter simultaneously made by the same entity
  shall  be  made  on  one  application,  (ii)  all  such   licenses   and
  registrations  issued  to the same entity shall expire at the same time,
  and (iii) the expiration dates for all licensees and registrants subject
  to such sections shall be staggered as effectively as  possible  over  a
  two year period.
2. The provisions of the sections set forth in subdivision one of this
  section  shall  be  construed to achieve the purposes enunciated in that
  subdivision.
3. Notwithstanding any other provisions  of  this  chapter,  only  one
  original  application  fee  shall  be required of the same applicant who
  simultaneously makes application for  the  issuance  of  more  than  one
  license  or  registration pursuant to section three hundred three, three
  hundred ninety-eight-c, four hundred fifteen or four  hundred  fifteen-a
  of  this  chapter. Such fee shall be the highest application fee for any
  one of the licenses or registrations being applied for.
2023 New York Laws › VAT - Vehicle and Traffic › Title 2 - Department of Motor Vehicles; Commissioner › Article 2 - Department of Motor Vehicles; Commissioner › 224-A - Establishment of the Highway Construction and Maintenance Safety Education Program.

§  224-a.  Establishment  of  the highway construction and maintenance
  safety education program. 1. The commissioner of  transportation,  after
  consultation  with  the commissioner of the department, shall promulgate
  rules and regulations regarding the establishment and implementation  of
  a  highway  construction  and  maintenance safety education program. The
  highway construction and maintenance safety education program  shall  be
  established  for  the  purpose  of  providing  education,  advocacy  and
  increased awareness of laws  pertaining  to  protecting  the  safety  of
  highway  construction and maintenance workers. The program shall provide
  funding for activities such  as  public  service  announcements,  public
  education  and  awareness campaigns, distribution of literature, and any
  other activities that are consistent with such purposes.
2. It shall be the duty of the commissioner of transportation to  make
  a biennial report to the governor, the temporary president of the senate
  and the speaker of the assembly which shall be due on the first of April
  every  second  year  following  implementation  of the program and shall
  include  an  assessment   of   the   effectiveness   of   the   program,
  recommendations  for expanding or improving the program and any problems
  or other matters related to the administration of the program.
2023 New York Laws › VAT - Vehicle and Traffic › Title 2 - Department of Motor Vehicles; Commissioner › Article 2-B - Adjudication of Parking Infractions › 241-B - Muni-Meter Receipts; Affirmative Defense.

§  241-b. Muni-meter receipts; affirmative defense. In any prosecution
  or proceeding alleging a muni-meter parking violation, it  shall  be  an
  affirmative  defense  to such violation, with the burden of proof on the
  person who received the summons, that he or she did in fact  purchase  a
  muni-meter  ticket  prior  to  or up to five minutes thereafter from the
  issuance of the summons and that the receipt is valid  for  use  at  the
  time  and  location where such summons was issued. Such defense shall be
  deemed established if such person produces the actual muni-meter receipt
  or a copy thereof at such prosecution or proceeding. For the purposes of
  this section, "muni-meter" shall mean an electronic parking  meter  that
  dispenses timed receipts showing the amount of parking time purchased.
2023 New York Laws › VAT - Vehicle and Traffic › Title 2 - Department of Motor Vehicles; Commissioner › Article 2-B - Adjudication of Parking Infractions › 243 - Judicial Review.

§ 243. Judicial  review.  The  order of the appeals board shall be the
  final determination  of  the  bureau.  Judicial  review  may  be  sought
  pursuant to article seventy-eight of the civil practice law and rules.
2023 New York Laws › VAT - Vehicle and Traffic › Title 2 - Department of Motor Vehicles; Commissioner › Article 2-B - Adjudication of Parking Infractions › 244 - Separability.

§ 244. Separability.   If   any  provision  of  this  article  or  the
  application of such provision to any person or  circumstances  shall  be
  held  unconstitutional  or invalid, the constitutionality or validity of
  the remainder of this article and the applicability of such provision to
  other persons or circumstances shall not be affected thereby.
2023 New York Laws › VAT - Vehicle and Traffic › Title 2 - Department of Motor Vehicles; Commissioner › Article 3 - Exemption of Non-Resident Owners and Operators › 252 - Exemption of Certain In-Transit Vehicle Registrations.

§ 252. Exemption  of  certain  in-transit  vehicle  registrations. The
  provisions of  this  chapter  relative  to  the  registration  of  motor
  vehicles  and  motorcycles  and  the  display of number plates shall not
  apply to motor vehicles or motorcycles having a temporary in-transit  or
  transporter  registration  or permit issued by another state directly to
  the purchaser of such motor vehicle or motorcycle,  but  such  exemption
  shall  be valid until the expiration date appearing on such registration
  or permit or for a period of thirty days from the date  of  issuance  of
  such  registration  or  permit,  whichever  is  less, for the purpose of
  transporting the vehicle  to  the  jurisdiction  in  which  it  will  be
  regularly registered.
2023 New York Laws › VAT - Vehicle and Traffic › Title 2 - Department of Motor Vehicles; Commissioner › Article 3 - Exemption of Non-Resident Owners and Operators › 254 - Service of Summons on Residents Who Depart From State and on Residents' Executors or Administrators Who Are Nonresidents or Who Depart From State.

§ 254. Service  of  summons  on residents who depart from state and on
  residents' executors or  administrators  who  are  nonresidents  or  who
  depart from state.  The provisions of section two hundred fifty-three of
  this  chapter  shall  also  apply (a) to a resident who departs from the
  state subsequent  to  the  accident  or  collision  and  remains  absent
  therefrom for thirty days continuously, whether such absence is intended
  to  be  temporary  or permanent, and to any executor or administrator of
  such resident, and (b) to an executor or administrator of a resident  if
  such executor or administrator is a nonresident or if, being a resident,
  he  departs  from the state and remains absent therefrom for thirty days
  continuously, whether such  absence  is  intended  to  be  temporary  or
  permanent.
2023 New York Laws › VAT - Vehicle and Traffic › Title 2 - Department of Motor Vehicles; Commissioner › Article 3-A - Administrative Appeals › 260 - Appeals Board; Functions.

§ 260. Appeals  board;  functions. 1. Appeals board. The appeals board
  established pursuant  to  article  two-A  of  this  chapter  shall  also
  constitute the appeals board for the purposes of this article.
2.  Functions.  Each  appeal  filed  pursuant to this article shall be
  reviewed by the appeals board, which shall make a determination of  such
  appeal,  and  shall  cause  an  appropriate  order  to be entered in the
  records of the department.
2023 New York Laws › VAT - Vehicle and Traffic › Title 2 - Department of Motor Vehicles; Commissioner › Article 3-A - Administrative Appeals › 261 - Right of Appeal; Time Limitations; Appeal Procedures; Fees.

§ 261. Right  of appeal; time limitations; appeal procedures; fees. 1.
  Right  of  appeal.  Whenever  a  license,  certificate,  permit  or  any
  privilege  is  denied, suspended or revoked by the commissioner pursuant
  to this chapter, except where such action is based upon a conviction  as
  a  result of which such action is required by statute or is based upon a
  determination rendered under the provisions  of  article  two-A  of  the
  vehicle   and   traffic   law,   the  holder  thereof  may  appeal  such
  determination pursuant to  the  provisions  of  this  article  and  such
  regulations  as  may  be  promulgated  by the commissioner. In addition,
  following an adjudicatory proceeding conducted pursuant to section  four
  hundred seventy-one-a of this chapter, an aggrieved party may appeal the
  commissioner's  decision  pursuant to the provisions of this article and
  such  regulations  as  may   be   promulgated   by   the   commissioner.
  Notwithstanding   the  provisions  of  this  subdivision,  appeals  from
  determinations made pursuant to article twelve-A of this  chapter  shall
  be governed in accordance with the provisions of that article.
2.  Time  limitations. No appeal shall be reviewed if it is filed more
  than sixty days after written notice  was  given  of  the  determination
  appealed from.
3.  Appeal  procedures. Any person desiring to file an appeal pursuant
  to this article shall do so  in  a  form  and  manner  provided  by  the
  commissioner.  If  a  hearing  was held prior to such determination, the
  transcript of the hearing will only be reviewed if it  is  submitted  by
  the  appellant.  An  appeal  shall not be deemed to be finally submitted
  until the appellant has submitted all forms or documents required to  be
  submitted  by the commissioner or this article, including the transcript
  when such is requested to be reviewed; provided,  however,  such  appeal
  shall  be  deemed  to have been finally submitted if the appeal is filed
  and the transcript is ordered  prior  to  the  expiration  of  the  time
  limitations imposed by subdivision two of this section.
4.  Fees. The fee for filing an appeal shall be ten dollars. No appeal
  shall be deemed filed unless any required fee has been paid.
2023 New York Laws › VAT - Vehicle and Traffic › Title 2 - Department of Motor Vehicles; Commissioner › Article 3-A - Administrative Appeals › 262 - Stays Pending Appeal.

§ 262. Stays  pending  appeal. The appeals board, or chairman thereof,
  upon the request of any person who has filed  an  appeal,  may,  in  its
  discretion, grant a stay pending a determination of the appeal. Whenever
  a determination has not been made within thirty days after an appeal has
  been  finally  submitted,  a stay of execution will be deemed granted by
  operation of law, and the  license,  certificate,  permit  or  privilege
  affected will be automatically restored pending final determination.
2023 New York Laws › VAT - Vehicle and Traffic › Title 2 - Department of Motor Vehicles; Commissioner › Article 3-A - Administrative Appeals › 263 - Judicial Review.

§ 263. Judicial  review.  No  determination  of  the commissioner or a
  member of the department which is appealable  under  the  provisions  of
  this  article  shall  be reviewed in any court unless an appeal has been
  filed and determined in accordance with this article. The  determination
  of  the appeals board shall be subject to review by the supreme court in
  the manner provided in article seventy-eight of the civil  practice  law
  and rules; provided, however, the refusal of an appeals board to grant a
  stay  pending  appeal shall be deemed a final determination for purposes
  of appeal.
2023 New York Laws › VAT - Vehicle and Traffic › Title 3 - Safety Responsibility; Financial Security; Equipment; Inspection; Size and Weight; and Other Provisions › Article 4 - Application of This Title › 300 - Application of This Title.

§ 300. Application  of  this  title.  Except  as  otherwise  expressly
provided in this chapter, this title shall be exclusively controlling:
(a) On the use by motor vehicles of public highways, and
(b) On the accessories used upon motor vehicles  and  motorcycles  and
their incidents.
2023 New York Laws › VAT - Vehicle and Traffic › Title 3 - Safety Responsibility; Financial Security; Equipment; Inspection; Size and Weight; and Other Provisions › Article 5 - Periodic Inspection of Motor Vehicles › 301-A - Re-Inspection of Motor Vehicles Involved in Certain Accidents.

§ 301-a. Re-inspection   of   motor   vehicles   involved  in  certain
  accidents.  1.  The  commissioner  may  require  that  a  motor  vehicle
  registered in this state or elsewhere which is required to be inspected,
  be re-inspected after it is involved in a property damage accident which
  is  required  to  be  reported  to  the  motor  vehicle department. Such
  re-inspection shall be made  within  sixty  days  of  the  date  of  the
  accident  if  the  motor  vehicle is driven away from the accident site.
  Such re-inspection shall be made before the vehicle is operated  on  the
  public  highways  if  the motor vehicle is towed or transported from the
  accident site, except that a motor vehicle may be driven from  a  repair
  shop to an inspection station for the purpose of being re-inspected.
2.  The  owner  of a car so damaged shall be required to submit to the
  department within the same time limit as provided in subdivision one  of
  this  section  satisfactory proof of re-inspection pursuant to rules and
  regulations to be promulgated by the commissioner.
3. Failure to submit such proof of re-inspection  as  herein  provided
  shall  constitute  ground for suspension or revocation of his privileges
  of operating a motor vehicle in this state and of the  operation  within
  this state of any motor vehicle owned by him.