reglab/statecodes huggingface dataset:
2023 New York Laws › CVP - Civil Practice Law and Rules › Article 51 - Enforcement of Judgments and Orders Generally › 5103 - Enforcement of Judgment or Order Directing Sale of Real Property.

§  5103.  Enforcement  of  judgment  or  order  directing sale of real
property. (a) Entry in county where real property situated.  Where  real
property  directed  by a judgment or order to be sold is not situated in
the county in which the judgment or order is entered,  the  judgment  or
order  shall  also  be  entered  by the clerk of the county in which the
property is situated upon filing  with  him  a  certified  copy  of  the
judgment  or order.   A purchaser of the property is not required to pay
the purchase money or accept a deed until the judgment or  order  is  so
entered.
(b)  Place  and  mode  of  sale;  security.  Where a judgment or order
directs that real property shall be sold,  it  shall  be  sold  in  such
manner  as  the  judgment  or order may direct in the county where it is
situated by the sheriff of that county or by a referee appointed by  the
court  for  the  purpose.  If  the property is situated in more than one
county, it may be sold in a county in which any part is situated  unless
the  judgment  or  order directs otherwise. If a referee is appointed to
sell the property, the court may require him to give an  undertaking  in
an  amount fixed by it for the proper application of the proceeds of the
sale. The conveyance shall specify in  the  granting  clause  the  party
whose right, title or interest is directed to be sold by the judgment or
order and is being conveyed.
2023 New York Laws › CVP - Civil Practice Law and Rules › Article 51 - Enforcement of Judgments and Orders Generally › 5104 - Enforcement of Judgment or Order by Contempt.

§   5104.   Enforcement   of   judgment  or  order  by  contempt.  Any
  interlocutory or final judgment or  order,  or  any  part  thereof,  not
  enforceable  under  either  article  fifty-two  or  section  5102 may be
  enforced by serving a certified copy of the judgment or order  upon  the
  party  or  other person required thereby or by law to obey it and, if he
  refuses or wilfully neglects to obey it, by punishing him for a contempt
  of the court.
2023 New York Laws › CVP - Civil Practice Law and Rules › Article 51 - Enforcement of Judgments and Orders Generally › 5105 - Alternative Enforcement of Judgment or Order.

§ 5105. Alternative enforcement of judgment or order. An interlocutory
  or  final judgment or order, or any part thereof, may be enforced either
  by the method prescribed in article  fifty-two  or  that  prescribed  in
  section 5104, or both, where such judgment or part:
1.  requires  the  payment of money into court or to an officer of, or
  receiver appointed by, the court, except where the money is due upon  an
  express  or  implied  contract  or  as  damages for non-performance of a
  contract; or
2. requires a trustee or person acting in a fiduciary relationship  to
  pay a sum of money for a willful default or dereliction of his duty.
2023 New York Laws › CVP - Civil Practice Law and Rules › Article 51 - Enforcement of Judgments and Orders Generally › 5106 - Appointment of Receiver.

§  5106.  Appointment  of receiver. A court, by or after judgment, may
  appoint a receiver of property which is the subject  of  an  action,  to
  carry  the  judgment into effect or to dispose of the property according
  to  its  directions.  Unless  the  court  otherwise   orders,   such   a
  receivership shall be subject to the provisions of article sixty-four.
2023 New York Laws › CVP - Civil Practice Law and Rules › Article 52 - Enforcement of Money Judgments › 5201 - Debt or Property Subject to Enforcement; Proper Garnishee.

§ 5201. Debt or property subject to enforcement; proper garnishee. (a)
Debt  against  which  a money judgment may be enforced. A money judgment
may be enforced against any debt, which is past due or which is  yet  to
become  due, certainly or upon demand of the judgment debtor, whether it
was incurred within or without the state,  to  or  from  a  resident  or
non-resident,  unless  it is exempt from application to the satisfaction
of the judgment. A debt may consist of a cause of action which could  be
assigned or transferred accruing within or without the state.
(b)  Property  against which a money judgment may be enforced. A money
judgment may be enforced against any property which could be assigned or
transferred, whether it  consists  of  a  present  or  future  right  or
interest  and  whether  or  not  it  is vested, unless it is exempt from
application to the  satisfaction  of  the  judgment.  A  money  judgment
entered  upon  a  joint liability of two or more persons may be enforced
against individual property of those persons summoned and joint property
of such persons with any other persons  against  whom  the  judgment  is
entered.  No  property  lien  shall  be  entered  or  enforced against a
debtor's primary residence in an action arising from a medical debt  and
brought  by a hospital licensed under article twenty-eight of the public
health law or a health care professional authorized under title eight of
the education law.
(c) Proper garnishee for particular property or debt.
1. Where property consists of a right or share  in  the  stock  of  an
association or corporation, or interests or profits therein, for which a
certificate  of stock or other negotiable instrument is not outstanding,
the corporation, or the president or treasurer  of  the  association  on
behalf of the association, shall be the garnishee.
2.  Where  property  consists  of  a  right  or  interest  to  or in a
decedent's estate or any other property or fund held or controlled by  a
fiduciary,  the  executor  or  trustee  under the will, administrator or
other fiduciary shall be the garnishee.
3. Where property consists  of  an  interest  in  a  partnership,  any
partner  other  than  the judgment debtor, on behalf of the partnership,
shall be the garnishee.
4. Where property or a debt is evidenced by  a  negotiable  instrument
for  the  payment  of  money,  a  negotiable  document  of  title  or  a
certificate of stock of an association or corporation,  the  instrument,
document or certificate shall be treated as property capable of delivery
and  the  person  holding it shall be the garnishee; except that section
8--112 of the uniform commercial code shall govern the extent  to  which
and  the  means  by  which  any  interest  in  a  certificated security,
uncertificated security or security entitlement (as defined  in  article
eight  of  the  uniform  commercial code) may be reached by garnishment,
attachment or other legal process.
2023 New York Laws › CVP - Civil Practice Law and Rules › Article 52 - Enforcement of Money Judgments › 5202 - Judgment Creditor's Rights in Personal Property.

§  5202.    Judgment  creditor's  rights  in  personal property.   (a)
Execution creditor's rights.  Where a judgment creditor has delivered an
execution to a sheriff, the judgment creditor's rights in a debt owed to
the judgment debtor or in an interest of the judgment debtor in personal
property, against which debt or property the judgment may  be  enforced,
are  superior to the extent of the amount of the execution to the rights
of any transferee of the debt or property, except:
1.    a  transferee  who  acquired  the  debt  or  property  for  fair
consideration before it was levied upon; or
2.   a transferee who acquired a debt or personal property not capable
of delivery for fair consideration after  it  was  levied  upon  without
knowledge of the levy.
(b)   Other judgment creditor's rights.  Where a judgment creditor has
secured an order for delivery  of,  payment  of,  or  appointment  of  a
receiver  of,  a  debt owed to the judgment debtor or an interest of the
judgment debtor in personal property, the judgment creditor's rights  in
the debt or property are superior to the rights of any transferee of the
debt  or property, except a transferee who acquired the debt or property
for fair consideration and without notice of such order.
2023 New York Laws › CVP - Civil Practice Law and Rules › Article 52 - Enforcement of Money Judgments › 5204 - Release of Lien or Levy Upon Appeal.

§  5204.  Release  of  lien  or  levy  upon appeal. Upon motion of the
  judgment debtor, upon notice to the judgment creditor, the  sheriff  and
  the  sureties upon the undertaking, the court may order, upon such terms
  as justice requires, that the lien of a money judgment, or that  a  levy
  made  pursuant to an execution issued upon a money judgment, be released
  as to all or specified real or personal property upon  the  ground  that
  the  judgment  debtor has given an undertaking upon appeal sufficient to
  secure the judgment creditor.
2023 New York Laws › CVP - Civil Practice Law and Rules › Article 52 - Enforcement of Money Judgments › 5207 - Enforcement Involving the State.

§  5207.  Enforcement involving the state.  None of the procedures for
  the enforcement of money judgments are applicable to a judgment  against
  the state. All procedures for the enforcement of money judgments against
  other  judgment  debtors  are  applicable  to  the  state, its officers,
  agencies and  subdivisions,  as  a  garnishee,  except  where  otherwise
  prescribed  by  law,  and except that an order in such a procedure shall
  only provide for the payment of moneys not claimed by the state, and  no
  judgment shall be entered against the state, or any officer, department,
  board or commission thereof, in such a procedure. This section shall not
  be  deemed  to grant any court jurisdiction to hear and determine claims
  or actions against the state not otherwise given by law to such court.
2023 New York Laws › CVP - Civil Practice Law and Rules › Article 52 - Enforcement of Money Judgments › 5208 - Enforcement After Death of Judgment Debtor; Leave of Court; Extension of Lien.

§  5208.  Enforcement  after death of judgment debtor; leave of court;
  extension of lien. Except where otherwise prescribed by law,  after  the
  death of a judgment debtor, an execution upon a money judgment shall not
  be  levied  upon any debt owed to him or any property in which he has an
  interest, nor shall any other enforcement procedure be  undertaken  with
  respect  to  such debt or property, except upon leave of the surrogate's
  court which granted letters testamentary or  letters  of  administration
  upon  the  estate. If such letters have not been granted within eighteen
  months after the death, leave to issue such an  execution  or  undertake
  such enforcement procedure may thereafter be granted, upon motion of the
  judgment  creditor  upon  such  notice  as the court may require, by any
  court from which the execution could issue or in which  the  enforcement
  procedure  could  be  commenced.  A  judgment lien existing against real
  property at the time of a judgment debtor's death shall expire two years
  thereafter or ten years after filing of the judgment-roll, whichever  is
  later.
2023 New York Laws › CVP - Civil Practice Law and Rules › Article 52 - Enforcement of Money Judgments › 5209 - Discharge of Garnishee's Obligation.

§  5209.  Discharge of garnishee's obligation.  A person who, pursuant
  to an execution or order, pays or delivers, to the judgment creditor  or
  a  sheriff  or  receiver,  money  or  other personal property in which a
  judgment debtor has or will have an interest, or so pays a debt he  owes
  the  judgment  debtor, is discharged from his obligation to the judgment
  debtor to the extent of the payment or delivery.
2023 New York Laws › CVP - Civil Practice Law and Rules › Article 52 - Enforcement of Money Judgments › 5210 - Power of Court to Punish for Contempt.

§ 5210. Power of court to punish for contempt.  Every court in which a
  special  proceeding  to enforce a money judgment may be commenced, shall
  have power to punish a contempt of court committed with  respect  to  an
  enforcement procedure.
2023 New York Laws › CVP - Civil Practice Law and Rules › Article 52 - Enforcement of Money Judgments › 5211 - Privilege on Examination; Immunity.

§  5211.  Privilege  on  examination; immunity.   The court may confer
  immunity upon any witness in accordance with the provisions  of  section
  50.20  of  the  criminal  procedure  law for testimony or evidence in an
  enforcement procedure relating to disposition of property in  which  the
  judgment  debtor has an interest, or relating to his or another person's
  claim to be entitled, as against the judgment creditor or a receiver, to
  hold property derived from or through the  judgment  debtor,  or  to  be
  discharged  from  the  payment  of  a debt which was due to the judgment
  debtor; provided, however, that no immunity shall  be  conferred  except
  upon  twenty-four  hours'  written  notice  to  the appropriate district
  atorney having an official interest therein.
2023 New York Laws › CVP - Civil Practice Law and Rules › Article 52 - Enforcement of Money Judgments › 5221 - Where Enforcement Proceeding Commenced.

§  5221. Where enforcement proceeding commenced.  (a) Court and county
in which proceeding commenced.  1. If the judgment sought to be enforced
was entered in the city court of any city outside the city of New  York,
and  the  respondent resides or is regularly employed or has a place for
the regular transaction of business in person within the county in which
the court is or was located, a special  proceeding  authorized  by  this
article  shall be commenced in that court or in the county court of that
county.
2. If the judgment sought to be enforced was  entered  in  a  district
court,  or  by a justice of the peace whose office has been or is by law
to be abolished and whose jurisdiction has been  or  is  by  law  to  be
superseded  by  a  district  court,  and  the  respondent  resides or is
regularly employed or  has  a  place  for  the  regular  transaction  of
business  in  person  within  the county in which such district court is
established, a special proceeding authorized by this  article  shall  be
commenced in such district court.
3.  If the judgment sought to be enforced was entered in the municipal
court of the city of New York, the city court of the city of New York or
the civil court of the city of New York, and the respondent  resides  or
is  regularly  employed  or  has  a place for the regular transaction of
business in person within that city, a special proceeding authorized  by
this  article  shall  be commenced in the civil court of the city of New
York.
4. In any other case, if  the  judgment  sought  to  be  enforced  was
entered  in  any court of this state, a special proceeding authorized by
this article shall be commenced, either in the supreme court or a county
court, in a county in which  the  respondent  resides  or  is  regularly
employed  or  has  a  place  for  the regular transaction of business in
person or, if there is no such county, in any county in which he may  be
served or the county in which the judgment was entered.
5.  If  no  court  in  which  a  special proceeding authorized by this
article could be commenced is in session, the special proceeding may  be
commenced  in  the  supreme court or a county court in any county within
the judicial  district  in  which  the  proceeding  could  otherwise  be
commenced  or in any county adjoining the county in which the proceeding
could otherwise be commenced.
(b) Notices, subpoenas and motions.  A notice or  subpoena  authorized
by  this  article  may  be  issued from, and a motion authorized by this
article may be made before, any court  in  which  a  special  proceeding
authorized  by this article could be commenced if the person served with
the notice, subpoena or notice of motion were respondent.
2023 New York Laws › CVP - Civil Practice Law and Rules › Article 52 - Enforcement of Money Judgments › 5223 - Disclosure.

§  5223.  Disclosure.    At any time before a judgment is satisfied or
  vacated, the judgment creditor  may  compel  disclosure  of  all  matter
  relevant to the satisfaction of the judgment, by serving upon any person
  a  subpoena,  which  shall specify all of the parties to the action, the
  date of the judgment, the court in which it was entered, the  amount  of
  the judgment and the amount then due thereon, and shall state that false
  swearing  or  failure  to  comply  with  the subpoena is punishable as a
  contempt of court.
2023 New York Laws › CVP - Civil Practice Law and Rules › Article 52 - Enforcement of Money Judgments › 5225 - Payment or Delivery of Property of Judgment Debtor.

§  5225.  Payment  or  delivery  of  property  of judgment debtor. (a)
Property in the possession  of  judgment  debtor.  Upon  motion  of  the
judgment creditor, upon notice to the judgment debtor, where it is shown
that  the  judgment debtor is in possession or custody of money or other
personal property in which he has an interest,  the  court  shall  order
that  the  judgment  debtor  pay  the  money,  or  so  much  of it as is
sufficient to satisfy the judgment, to the judgment creditor and, if the
amount to be so paid is insufficient to satisfy the judgment, to deliver
any other personal property, or so much of it as is of sufficient  value
to  satisfy  the judgment, to a designated sheriff. Notice of the motion
shall be served on the judgment debtor in the same manner as  a  summons
or by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested.
(b)  Property not in the possession of judgment debtor. Upon a special
proceeding commenced by the  judgment  creditor,  against  a  person  in
possession  or  custody of money or other personal property in which the
judgment debtor has an interest, or against a person who is a transferee
of money or other personal property from the judgment debtor,  where  it
is  shown that the judgment debtor is entitled to the possession of such
property or that the judgment creditor's  rights  to  the  property  are
superior to those of the transferee, the court shall require such person
to  pay  the  money,  or  so  much of it as is sufficient to satisfy the
judgment, to the judgment creditor and, if the amount to be so  paid  is
insufficient  to  satisfy  the  judgment,  to deliver any other personal
property, or so much of it as is of  sufficient  value  to  satisfy  the
judgment,  to a designated sheriff. Costs of the proceeding shall not be
awarded against a person who  did  not  dispute  the  judgment  debtor's
interest  or right to possession. Notice of the proceeding shall also be
served upon the judgment debtor in the same manner as a  summons  or  by
registered  or  certified  mail, return receipt requested. The court may
permit the judgment debtor to intervene in the proceeding. The court may
permit any adverse claimant to  intervene  in  the  proceeding  and  may
determine his rights in accordance with section 5239.
(c)  Documents  to effect payment or delivery. The court may order any
person to execute and deliver any document necessary to  effect  payment
or delivery.
2023 New York Laws › CVP - Civil Practice Law and Rules › Article 52 - Enforcement of Money Judgments › 5226 - Installment Payment Order.

§  5226.  Installment  payment  order.    Upon  motion of the judgment
  creditor, upon notice to the judgment debtor, where it is shown that the
  judgment debtor is receiving or will receive money from any  source,  or
  is  attempting  to  impede  the  judgment creditor by rendering services
  without adequate compensation, the court shall order that  the  judgment
  debtor  make  specified  installment  payments to the judgment creditor.
  Notice of the motion shall be served on the judgment debtor in the  same
  manner  as  a summons or by registered or certified mail, return receipt
  requested. In fixing the amount of the payments, the  court  shall  take
  into  consideration  the  reasonable requirements of the judgment debtor
  and his dependents, any payments required to be made by him or  deducted
  from  the  money  he  would  otherwise  receive in satisfaction of other
  judgments and wage assignments, the amount due on the judgment, and  the
  amount being or to be received, or, if the judgment debtor is attempting
  to  impede  the judgment creditor by rendering services without adequate
  compensation, the reasonable value of the services rendered.
2023 New York Laws › CVP - Civil Practice Law and Rules › Article 52 - Enforcement of Money Judgments › 5227 - Payment of Debts Owed to Judgment Debtor.

§  5227.  Payment  of  debts  owed  to judgment debtor. Upon a special
  proceeding commenced by the judgment creditor, against any person who it
  is shown is or will become indebted to the judgment  debtor,  the  court
  may  require  such  person to pay to the judgment creditor the debt upon
  maturity, or so much of it as is sufficient to satisfy the judgment, and
  to execute and deliver any document necessary to effect payment;  or  it
  may  direct  that  a judgment be entered against such person in favor of
  the judgment creditor. Costs of the  proceeding  shall  not  be  awarded
  against  a  person  who did not dispute the indebtedness.  Notice of the
  proceeding shall also be served upon the judgment  debtor  in  the  same
  manner  as  a summons or by registered or certified mail, return receipt
  requested. The court may permit the judgment debtor to intervene in  the
  proceeding.  The  court  may permit any adverse claimant to intervene in
  the proceeding and may determine his rights in accordance  with  section
  5239.
2023 New York Laws › CVP - Civil Practice Law and Rules › Article 52 - Enforcement of Money Judgments › 5228 - Receivers.

§  5228.  Receivers.  (a)  Appointment  of  receiver. Upon motion of a
judgment creditor, upon such notice as the court may require, the  court
may  appoint  a  receiver  who may be authorized to administer, collect,
improve, lease, repair or sell any real or personal  property  in  which
the  judgment debtor has an interest or to do any other acts designed to
satisfy the judgment. As far as practicable,  the  court  shall  require
that  notice  be  given to the judgment debtor and to any other judgment
creditors of the judgment debtor. The order of appointment shall specify
the property to be received, the duties of the receiver and  the  manner
in  which  they  are  to be performed. A receiver shall have no power to
employ counsel unless expressly so authorized by order of the court.   A
receiver   shall   be   entitled  to  necessary  expenses  and  to  such
commissions, not  exceeding  five  percent  of  the  sums  received  and
disbursed  by  him,  as  the  court which appointed him allows, but if a
judgment creditor is appointed receiver, he shall  not  be  entitled  to
compensation.  If a receiver has been appointed, a court making an order
directing payment, or delivery, of property shall direct  that  payment,
or  delivery, be made to the receiver rather than to a sheriff. Sections
6402, 6403, 6404 and 6405 are applicable to  receivers  appointed  under
this subdivision.
(b)  Extension  of  receivership. Where a receiver has been appointed,
the court, upon motion of a judgment creditor, upon such  notice  as  it
may require, shall extend the receivership to his judgment.
2023 New York Laws › CVP - Civil Practice Law and Rules › Article 52 - Enforcement of Money Judgments › 5229 - Enforcement Before Judgment Entered.

§  5229.  Enforcement before judgment entered.  In any court, before a
  judgment is entered, upon motion of the party in whose favor  a  verdict
  or  decision has been rendered, the trial judge may order examination of
  the adverse party and order him restrained with the same effect as if  a
  restraining notice had been served upon him after judgment.
2023 New York Laws › CVP - Civil Practice Law and Rules › Article 52 - Enforcement of Money Judgments › 5233 - Sale of Personal Property.

§  5233. Sale of personal property.  (a) Public auction.  The interest
of the judgment debtor  in  personal  property  obtained  by  a  sheriff
pursuant  to  execution  or order, other than legal tender of the United
States, shall be sold by the sheriff at public auction at such time  and
place  and  as a unit or in such lots, or combination thereof, as in his
judgment will bring the highest price, but no sale may be made  to  that
sheriff or to his deputy or undersheriff.  The property shall be present
and within the view of those attending the sale unless otherwise ordered
by the court.
(b) Public notice.  A printed notice of the time and place of the sale
shall be posted at least six days before the sale in three public places
in  the  town or city in which the sale is to be held, provided however,
in the city of  New  York,  in  lieu  of  posting  such  notice  may  be
advertised  in  the  auction  columns of any morning newspaper published
daily and Sunday in such  city  an  edition  of  which  appears  on  the
newsstands  the  previous  night  and has a circulation of not less than
three hundred thousand. An omission to so post or advertise  notice,  or
the defacing or removal of a posted notice, does not affect the title of
a purchaser without notice of the omission or offense.
(c)  Order  for  immediate sale or disposition.   The court may direct
immediate sale or other disposition of property with or  without  notice
if the urgency of the case requires.
(d)  Unsaleable  material.  If  property  seized  by  the  sheriff  is
considered by him to be material which, by law,  may  not  be  sold,  he
shall  apply  to  the court for a determination whether the property can
legally be sold. Reasonable notice of such  application  shall  also  be
given  to the owner of such property.  If the court decides the property
may not be legally sold, it shall order appropriate disposition  of  the
property which may include its destruction.
2023 New York Laws › CVP - Civil Practice Law and Rules › Article 52 - Enforcement of Money Judgments › 5235 - Levy Upon Real Property.

§  5235.  Levy  upon real property.  After the expiration of ten years
  after the filing of the judgment-roll, the sheriff shall levy  upon  any
  interest  of  the  judgment  debtor  in  real  property,  pursuant to an
  execution other than one issued upon  a  judgment  for  any  part  of  a
  mortgage  debt upon the property, by filing with the clerk of the county
  in which the property  is  located  a  notice  of  levy  describing  the
  judgment,  the  execution  and  the property. The clerk shall record and
  index the notice against the name of the judgment debtor, or against the
  property, in the same books, and in the same manner as a notice  of  the
  pendency of an action.
2023 New York Laws › CVP - Civil Practice Law and Rules › Article 52 - Enforcement of Money Judgments › 5237 - Failure of Title to Property Sold.

§  5237. Failure of title to property sold.  The purchaser of property
  sold by a sheriff  pursuant  to  execution  or  order  may  recover  the
  purchase  money from the judgment creditors who received the proceeds if
  the property is recovered from  such  purchaser  in  consequence  of  an
  irregularity  in the sale or a vacatur, reversal or setting aside of the
  judgment upon which the execution or order was based. If a judgment  for
  the  purchase  money  is  so  recovered  against  a judgment creditor in
  consequence of an irregularity in the sale, such judgment  creditor  may
  enforce  his judgment as if no levy or sale had been made, and, for that
  purpose, he may move without notice for an order restoring any  lien  or
  priority or amending any docket entry affected by the sale.
2023 New York Laws › CVP - Civil Practice Law and Rules › Article 52 - Enforcement of Money Judgments › 5238 - Directions to the Sheriff.

§  5238.  Directions  to  the  sheriff.   Upon motion of any party, on
  notice to the sheriff and all other parties, the court  may  direct  the
  sheriff to dispose of, account for, assign, return or release all or any
  part  of  any  property  or  debt,  or  the proceeds thereof, or to file
  additional returns, subject to the payment of  the  sheriff's  fees  and
  expenses.  As  far as practicable, the court shall direct that notice of
  the motion be given to any other judgment creditors,  at  the  addresses
  shown  on the judgment docket and to any persons who have secured orders
  of attachment affecting any property or debt, or the  proceeds  thereof,
  sought to be returned or released.
2023 New York Laws › CVP - Civil Practice Law and Rules › Article 52 - Enforcement of Money Judgments › 5239 - Proceeding to Determine Adverse Claims.

§   5239.  Proceeding  to  determine  adverse  claims.  Prior  to  the
  application of property  or  debt  by  a  sheriff  or  receiver  to  the
  satisfaction of a judgment, any interested person may commence a special
  proceeding  against  the  judgment  creditor or other person with whom a
  dispute exists to determine rights in the property or debt.  Service  of
  process  in  such  a  proceeding shall be made by service of a notice of
  petition upon the respondent, the sheriff or receiver,  and  such  other
  person  as  the court directs, in the same manner as a notice of motion.
  The proceeding may be commenced in the county  where  the  property  was
  levied  upon,  or  in  a court or county specified in subdivision (a) of
  section 5221. The court may vacate the  execution  or  order,  void  the
  levy,  direct  the  disposition  of the property or debt, or direct that
  damages be awarded. Where there appear to be disputed questions of fact,
  the court shall order a separate trial, indicating the person who  shall
  have  possession of the property pending a decision and the undertaking,
  if any, which such person shall give. If the court determines  that  any
  claim asserted was fraudulent, it may require the claimant to pay to any
  party  adversely  affected  thereby  the reasonable expenses incurred by
  such party in the proceeding, including reasonable attorneys' fees,  and
  any  other damages suffered by reason of the claim. The court may permit
  any interested person to intervene in the proceeding.
2023 New York Laws › CVP - Civil Practice Law and Rules › Article 52 - Enforcement of Money Judgments › 5240 - Modification or Protective Order; Supervision of Enforcement.

§  5240. Modification or protective order; supervision of enforcement.
  The court may at any time, on its own initiative or the  motion  of  any
  interested person, and upon such notice as it may require, make an order
  denying,  limiting, conditioning, regulating, extending or modifying the
  use  of  any  enforcement  procedure.  Section  3104  is  applicable  to
  procedures under this article.
2023 New York Laws › CVP - Civil Practice Law and Rules › Article 52 - Enforcement of Money Judgments › 5250 - Arrest of Judgment Debtor.

§  5250.  Arrest  of  judgment  debtor.    Upon motion of the judgment
  creditor without notice, where it is shown that the judgment  debtor  is
  about  to depart from the state, or keeps himself concealed therein, and
  that there is reason to believe that he has in his possession or custody
  property in which he has an interest, the  court  may  issue  a  warrant
  directed  to  the sheriff of any county in which the judgment debtor may
  be located. The warrant shall command the sheriff to arrest the judgment
  debtor forthwith and bring him before the court. The sheriff shall serve
  a copy of the warrant and the papers upon which it was  based  upon  the
  judgment  debtor  at  the  time  he  makes the arrest. When the judgment
  debtor is brought before the court, the court may order that he give  an
  undertaking,  in  a  sum  to  be fixed by the court, that he will attend
  before the court for examination and that he will obey the terms of  any
  restraining notice contained in the order.
2023 New York Laws › CVP - Civil Practice Law and Rules › Article 52 - Enforcement of Money Judgments › 5251 - Disobedience of Subpoena, Restraining Notice or Order; False Swearing; Destroying Notice of Sale.

§  5251.  Disobedience of subpoena, restraining notice or order; false
  swearing; destroying notice of sale.  Refusal or willful neglect of  any
  person  to  obey  a  subpoena  or  restraining  notice  issued, or order
  granted, pursuant to this title; false swearing upon an  examination  or
  in  answering  written  questions;  and willful defacing or removal of a
  posted notice of sale before the time fixed for the sale, shall each  be
  punishable as a contempt of court.
2023 New York Laws › CVP - Civil Practice Law and Rules › Article 52 - Enforcement of Money Judgments › 5252 - Discrimination Against Employees and Prospective Employees Based Upon Wage Assignment or Income Execution.

§  5252.  Discrimination  against  employees and prospective employees
  based upon wage assignment or income execution.  1.  No  employer  shall
  discharge,  lay  off,  refuse  to promote, or discipline an employee, or
  refuse to  hire  a  prospective  employee,  because  one  or  more  wage
  assignments  or income executions have been served upon such employer or
  a former employer against the employee's or prospective employee's wages
  or because of the pendency  of  any  action  or  judgment  against  such
  employee   or   prospective  employee  for  nonpayment  of  any  alleged
  contractual obligation. In addition to being subject to the civil action
  authorized in subdivision  two  of  this  section,  where  any  employer
  discharges,  lays  off, refuses to promote or disciplines an employee or
  refuses to hire a prospective employee because of the existence  of  one
  or more income executions and/or income deduction orders issued pursuant
  to section fifty-two hundred forty-one or fifty-two hundred forty-two of
  this article, the court may direct the payment of a civil penalty not to
  exceed  five  hundred  dollars  for  the first instance and one thousand
  dollars per instance for the second and subsequent instances of employer
  or income payor  discrimination.  The  penalty  shall  be  paid  to  the
  creditor  and  may be enforced in the same manner as a civil judgment or
  in any other manner permitted by law.
2. An employee or prospective employee may institute  a  civil  action
  for  damages  for  wages lost as a result of a violation of this section
  within ninety days after such violation. Damages recoverable  shall  not
  exceed  lost  wages  for six weeks and in such action the court also may
  order the reinstatement of such discharged employee  or  the  hiring  of
  such  prospective employee. Except as provided for in subdivision (g) of
  section fifty-two hundred forty-one, not more than ten per centum of the
  damages recovered in  such  action  shall  be  subject  to  any  claims,
  attachments  or  executions  by  any  creditors,  judgment  creditors or
  assignees of such employee or prospective employee. A violation of  this
  section  may  also  be  punished  as a contempt of court pursuant to the
  provisions of section seven hundred fifty-three of the judiciary law.
2023 New York Laws › CVP - Civil Practice Law and Rules › Article 52 - Enforcement of Money Judgments › 5253 - Cost of Living Adjustment for Personal and Real Property Exempt From Application to the Satisfaction of Money Judgments and Exemptions in Bankruptcy.

§  5253.  Cost  of  living  adjustment  for personal and real property
exempt from application to  the  satisfaction  of  money  judgments  and
exemptions  in  bankruptcy.  (a)  Beginning on April first, two thousand
twelve,  and  at  each  three-year  interval  ending  on   April   first
thereafter,  the  dollar  amount  of  the exemption provided in sections
fifty-two hundred five and fifty-two hundred six  of  this  article  and
sections  two  hundred  eighty-two  and  two hundred eighty-three of the
debtor and creditor law shall be adjusted as provided in subdivision (b)
of this section.
(b) The superintendent  of  financial  services  shall  determine  the
amount of the adjustment based on the change in the consumer price index
for  all  urban  consumers,  New  York-Northern  New Jersey-Long Island,
NY-NJ-CT-PA, published by the U.S. department of labor, bureau of  labor
statistics,  for  the  most  recent three-year period ending on December
thirty-first preceding the adjustment, with each adjusted amount rounded
to the nearest twenty-five dollars.
(c) Beginning on  April  first,  two  thousand  twelve,  and  at  each
three-year interval ending on April first thereafter, the superintendent
of  financial  services  shall  publish the current dollar amount of the
applicable exemption provided in this article, together with the date of
the next scheduled adjustment. The publication shall be substantially in
the form set forth below:
"Current  dollar  amount  of  exemption  from   application   to   the
satisfaction  of  money  judgments under New York civil practice law and
rules sections 5205 and 5206 and exemptions in bankruptcy  under  debtor
and creditor law sections 282 and 283:
The  following  is  the  current  dollar amount of exemptions from the
satisfaction of money judgments  under  civil  practice  law  and  rules
sections  5205  and  5206 and under debtor and creditor law sections 282
and 283:
(amount)
This amount is effective on April 1, (year) and  shall  not  apply  to
cases commenced before April 1, (year). The next adjustment is scheduled
for  April  1,  (year). Such adjustments shall not apply with respect to
restraining notices served or executions effected before the date of the
adjustment.  Nothing  in  this  section  limits  the  judgment  debtor's
exemption rights in this section or under any other law."
2023 New York Laws › CVP - Civil Practice Law and Rules › Article 53 - Recognition of Foreign Country Money Judgments › 5301 - Definitions.

§ 5301. Definitions. As used in this article the following definitions
shall be applicable.
(a) Foreign country. "Foreign country" means a government other than:
1. the United States;
2. a state, district, commonwealth, territory or insular possession of
the United States; or
3.  any  other  government  with  regard to which the decision in this
state as to whether to recognize a judgment of that government's  courts
is  initially  subject  to determination under the Full Faith and Credit
Clause of the United States Constitution.
(b) Foreign country  judgment.  "Foreign  country  judgment"  means  a
judgment of a court of a foreign country.
2023 New York Laws › CVP - Civil Practice Law and Rules › Article 53 - Recognition of Foreign Country Money Judgments › 5302 - Applicability.

§ 5302. Applicability. (a) Except as otherwise provided in subdivision
(b)  of  this section, the provisions of this article apply to a foreign
country judgment to the extent that such judgment:
1. grants or denies recovery of a sum of money; and
2. under the law of the foreign  country  where  rendered,  is  final,
conclusive and enforceable even though an appeal therefrom is pending or
it is subject to appeal.
(b) This article does not apply to a foreign country judgment, even if
the  judgment grants or denies recovery of a sum of money, to the extent
the judgment is:
1. a judgment for taxes;
2. a fine or penalty; or
3. a judgment for divorce, support or maintenance, or  other  judgment
rendered in connection with domestic relations.
(c)  A party seeking recognition of a foreign country judgment has the
burden of establishing that this article applies to the foreign  country
judgment.
2023 New York Laws › CVP - Civil Practice Law and Rules › Article 53 - Recognition of Foreign Country Money Judgments › 5303 - Recognition Enforcement, and Proceedings.

§  5303.  Recognition  enforcement,  and proceedings. (a) Except as is
otherwise provided in section fifty-three hundred four of  this  article
or any controlling law of the United States, a court of this state shall
recognize  a  foreign  country judgment to which this article applies as
conclusive between the parties to the extent that it  grants  or  denies
recovery of a sum of money.
(b)  If  recognition  of  a  foreign  country judgment is sought as an
original matter, the issue of recognition shall be raised by  filing  an
action  on  the  judgment  or  a  motion for summary judgment in lieu of
complaint seeking recognition of the foreign country judgment.
(c) If recognition of a  foreign  country  judgment  is  sought  in  a
pending  action, the issue of recognition may be raised by counterclaim,
cross-claim or affirmative defense.
(d) An  action  to  recognize  a  foreign  country  judgment  must  be
commenced  within  the  earlier  of  the  time  during which the foreign
country judgment is effective in the foreign  country  or  twenty  years
from  the date that the foreign country judgment became effective in the
foreign country.
2023 New York Laws › CVP - Civil Practice Law and Rules › Article 53 - Recognition of Foreign Country Money Judgments › 5304 - Grounds for Non-Recognition.

§ 5304. Grounds for non-recognition. (a) A court of this state may not
recognize a foreign country judgment if:
1.  the  judgment  was  rendered under a judicial system that does not
provide  impartial  tribunals  or   procedures   compatible   with   the
requirements of due process of law;
2.  the  foreign  court  did  not  have personal jurisdiction over the
defendant; or
3. the foreign court  did  not  have  jurisdiction  over  the  subject
matter.
(b)  A  court  of  this  state  need  not  recognize a foreign country
judgment if:
1. the defendant in the  proceeding  in  the  foreign  court  did  not
receive  notice  of  the  proceeding  in  sufficient  time to enable the
defendant to defend;
2. the judgment was obtained by fraud that deprived the  losing  party
of an adequate opportunity to present its case;
3.  the judgment or the cause of action on which the judgment is based
is repugnant to the public policy of this state or of the United States;
4. the judgment conflicts with another final and conclusive judgment;
5. the proceeding in the foreign court was contrary  to  an  agreement
between  the  parties  under  which  the  dispute  in question was to be
determined otherwise than by a proceeding in that court;
6. in the case of jurisdiction based only  on  personal  service,  the
foreign  court  was  a seriously inconvenient forum for the trial of the
action;
7. the judgment was rendered in circumstances that  raise  substantial
doubt  about  the  integrity of the rendering courts with respect to the
judgment;
8. the specific  proceeding  in  the  foreign  court  leading  to  the
judgment was not compatible with the requirements of due process of law;
or
9. the cause of action resulted in a defamation judgment obtained in a
jurisdiction  outside  the  United States, unless the court before which
the matter is brought sitting in this state first  determines  that  the
defamation  law  applied in the foreign court's adjudication provided at
least as much protection for freedom of speech and press in that case as
would be provided by both the United States and New York constitutions.
(c) A party resisting recognition of a foreign  country  judgment  has
the  burden  of establishing that a ground for non-recognition stated in
subdivision (a) or (b) of this section exists; provided that  the  party
seeking  recognition  shall bear the burden of establishing the adequate
protections for freedom of speech and press required as a  condition  to
recognition  under  paragraph nine of subdivision (b) of this section if
the party resisting recognition establishes that  the  judgment  is  for
defamation.
2023 New York Laws › CVP - Civil Practice Law and Rules › Article 53 - Recognition of Foreign Country Money Judgments › 5305 - Personal Jurisdiction.

§  5305. Personal jurisdiction. (a) A foreign country judgment may not
be refused recognition for lack of personal jurisdiction if:
1. the defendant was served with process  personally  in  the  foreign
country;
2.  the  defendant  voluntarily appeared in the proceeding, other than
for the purpose of protecting property seized or threatened with seizure
in the proceeding or of contesting the jurisdiction of  the  court  over
the defendant;
3.  the  defendant  prior  to  the  commencement of the proceeding had
agreed to submit to the jurisdiction of the foreign court  with  respect
to the subject matter involved;
4.  the  defendant  was  domiciled  in  the  foreign  country when the
proceeding was instituted or was a corporation or other form of business
organization that had  its  principal  place  of  business  in,  or  was
organized under the laws of, or had otherwise acquired corporate status,
in the foreign country;
5.  the defendant had a business office in the foreign country and the
proceeding in the foreign court involved a cause of action  arising  out
of  business  done  by  the defendant through that office in the foreign
country; or
6. the defendant operated a motor vehicle or airplane in  the  foreign
country  and  the  proceeding  involved a cause of action arising out of
such operation.
(b)  The  courts  of  this  state  may  recognize  bases  of  personal
jurisdiction  other than those listed in subdivision (a) of this section
as sufficient to support a foreign country judgment.
2023 New York Laws › CVP - Civil Practice Law and Rules › Article 53 - Recognition of Foreign Country Money Judgments › 5306 - Stay of a Proceeding Pending Appeal of a Foreign Country Judgment.

§  5306.  Stay  of  a  proceeding  pending appeal of a foreign country
  judgment. If a party establishes that an appeal from a  foreign  country
  judgment  is pending or will be taken, the court may stay any proceeding
  with regard  to  the  foreign  country  judgment  until  the  appeal  is
  concluded,  the  time  for  appeal  expires,  or  the  appellant has had
  sufficient time to prosecute the appeal and has failed to do so.
2023 New York Laws › CVP - Civil Practice Law and Rules › Article 53 - Recognition of Foreign Country Money Judgments › 5307 - Effect of Recognition.

§ 5307. Effect of recognition. (a) If the court, in a proceeding under
section fifty-three hundred five of this article finds that the judgment
is  entitled to recognition under this article, then, to the extent that
the foreign country judgment grants or  denies  recovery  of  a  sum  of
money, the foreign country judgment is:
1.  conclusive  between the parties to the same extent as the judgment
of a sister state entitled to full faith and credit in this state  would
be conclusive; and
2. enforceable in the same manner and to the same extent as a judgment
rendered in this state.
(b) This article does not prevent the recognition of a foreign country
judgment in situations not covered by this article.
2023 New York Laws › CVP - Civil Practice Law and Rules › Article 54 - Enforcement of Judgments Entitled to Full Faith and Credit Summary of Article › 5401 - Definition.

§  5401.  Definition.  In  this  article  "foreign judgment" means any
  judgment, decree, or order of a court of the United  States  or  of  any
  other  court  which  is entitled to full faith and credit in this state,
  except one obtained by  default  in  appearance,  or  by  confession  of
  judgment.