reglab/statecodes huggingface dataset:
2023 New York Laws › CVR - Civil Rights › Article 5 - Right of Privacy › 52-A - Private Right of Action for Unwarranted Video Imaging of Residential Premises.

§  52-a.  Private  right  of  action  for unwarranted video imaging of
  residential premises.  1.  Any  owner  or  tenant  of  residential  real
  property  shall  have  a private right of action for damages against any
  person who installs or  affixes  a  video  imaging  device  on  property
  adjoining such residential real property for the purpose of video taping
  or  taking  moving  digital  images of the recreational activities which
  occur in the backyard of  the  residential  real  property  without  the
  written  consent  thereto  of  such  owner  and/or tenant with intent to
  harass, annoy or alarm another person, or with intent  to  threaten  the
  person  or  property  of  another person. The provisions of this section
  shall not apply to any law enforcement personnel engaged in the  conduct
  of their authorized duties.
2.  For  the  purposes  of  this  section,  "backyard" shall mean that
  portion of the parcel on which  residential  real  property  is  located
  which  extends  beyond  the  rear  footprint of the residential dwelling
  situated thereon, and to the side and rear  boundaries  of  such  parcel
  extending beyond the rear footprint of such residential dwelling.
2023 New York Laws › CVR - Civil Rights › Article 5 - Right of Privacy › 52-C*2 - Employers Engaged in Electronic Monitoring; Prior Notice Required.

*§  52-c.  Employers  engaged  in  electronic monitoring; prior notice
required.  1.  For  purposes  of  this  section,  employer   means   any
individual,  corporation, partnership, firm, or association with a place
of business in the  state.  It  shall  not  include  the  state  or  any
political subdivision of the state.
2.  (a)  Any  employer  who monitors or otherwise intercepts telephone
conversations or transmissions, electronic  mail  or  transmissions,  or
internet  access  or usage of or by an employee by any electronic device
or system,  including  but  not  limited  to  the  use  of  a  computer,
telephone,   wire,   radio,   or   electromagnetic,  photoelectronic  or
photo-optical systems, shall give prior written notice  upon  hiring  to
all  employees  who  are  subject  to  electronic monitoring. The notice
required by this subdivision shall  be  in  writing,  in  an  electronic
record,  or  in another electronic form and acknowledged by the employee
either in writing or electronically. Each employer shall also  post  the
notice  of electronic monitoring in a conspicuous place which is readily
available for viewing by its employees who  are  subject  to  electronic
monitoring.
(b)  For  purposes of written notice required by paragraph (a) of this
subdivision, an employee shall be advised that  any  and  all  telephone
conversations  or  transmissions,  electronic  mail or transmissions, or
internet access or usage by an employee  by  any  electronic  device  or
system,  including  but not limited to the use of a computer, telephone,
wire, radio or electromagnetic, photoelectronic or photo-optical systems
may be subject to monitoring at any and all  times  and  by  any  lawful
means.
3.  The  attorney  general may enforce the provisions of this section.
Any employer found to be in violation of this section shall  be  subject
to  a  maximum  civil  penalty  of  five  hundred  dollars for the first
offense, one thousand dollars for the second offense and three  thousand
dollars for the third and each subsequent offense.
4.  The  provisions  of this section shall not apply to processes that
are designed to manage the  type  or  volume  of  incoming  or  outgoing
electronic  mail or telephone voice mail or internet usage, that are not
targeted to monitor or intercept the electronic mail or telephone  voice
mail  or  internet  usage  of  a  particular  individual,  and  that are
performed solely for the purpose of computer system  maintenance  and/or
protection.
* NB There are 2 § 52-c's
2023 New York Laws › CVR - Civil Rights › Article 5-A - Membership Corporations and Unincorporated Associations. › 53 - Copies of Documents and Statements to Be Filed.

§  53.  Copies of documents and statements to be filed. Every existing
  membership corporation, and every  existing  unincorporated  association
  having  a  membership  of  twenty  or more persons, which corporation or
  association  requires  an  oath  as  a  prerequisite  or  condition   of
  membership,  other  than  a labor union, a fraternity or sorority having
  chapters composed  only  of  students  in  or  alumni  of  colleges  and
  universities  in  this and another state or states, or a chapter of such
  fraternity  or  sorority,  or  a  benevolent  order  mentioned  in   the
  benevolent  orders  law,  within  thirty  days  after this article takes
  effect, and every such corporation or association  hereafter  organized,
  within  ten  days  after  the  adoption  thereof,  shall  file  with the
  secretary of state a sworn copy of  its  constitution,  by-laws,  rules,
  regulations  and  oath  of  membership,  together  with  a roster of its
  membership and a list of its officers for the current year.  Every  such
  corporation  and  association  shall, in case its constitution, by-laws,
  rules, regulations or  oath  of  membership  or  any  part  thereof,  be
  revised,  changed,  or  amended,  within ten days after such revision or
  amendment file with the secretary of state a sworn copy of such revised,
  changed or amended constitution, by-law, rule,  regulation  or  oath  of
  membership.  Every  such  corporation or association shall within thirty
  days after a change  has  been  made  in  its  officers  file  with  the
  secretary  of  state  a  sworn statement showing such change. Every such
  corporation or association shall at intervals of six  months  file  with
  the secretary of state a sworn statement showing the names and addresses
  of  such additional members as have been received in such corporation or
  association during such interval.
2023 New York Laws › CVR - Civil Rights › Article 5-A - Membership Corporations and Unincorporated Associations. › 54 - Resolutions Concerning Political Matters.

§ 54. Resolutions concerning political matters. Every such corporation
  or  association  shall, within ten days after the adoption thereof, file
  in the office of the secretary of state every resolution, or the minutes
  of  any  action  of  such  corporation  or  association,  providing  for
  concerted  action  of  its  members  or  of a part thereof to promote or
  defeat legislation, federal, state or municipal, or  to  support  or  to
  defeat any candidate for political office.
2023 New York Laws › CVR - Civil Rights › Article 5-A - Membership Corporations and Unincorporated Associations. › 55 - Anonymous Communications Prohibited.

§  55.  Anonymous  communications prohibited. It shall be unlawful for
  any such corporation or association to send, deliver, mail  or  transmit
  to  any  person in this state who is not a member of such corporation or
  association any anonymous letter, document, leaflet or other written  or
  printed  matter,  and  all  such  letters,  documents, leaflets or other
  written or printed matter, intended for a person not a  member  of  such
  corporation  or  association,  shall  bear  on the same the name of such
  corporation or  association  and  the  names  of  the  officers  thereof
  together with the addresses of the latter.
2023 New York Laws › CVR - Civil Rights › Article 5-A - Membership Corporations and Unincorporated Associations. › 56 - Offenses; Penalties.

§  56.  Offenses;  penalties. Any corporation or association violating
  any  provision  of  this  article  shall  be  guilty  of  a  misdemeanor
  punishable by a fine of not less than one thousand dollars nor more than
  ten  thousand  dollars.   Any officer of such corporation or association
  and every member of the board of directors, trustees  or  other  similar
  body,  who  violates  any  provision  of  this  article  or  permits  or
  acquiesces in the violation of any provision of this article by any such
  corporation shall be guilty of a misdemeanor. Any person who  becomes  a
  member  of  any  such  corporation  or  association, or remains a member
  thereof,  or  attends  a  meeting  thereof,  with  knowledge  that  such
  corporation  or  association  has failed to comply with any provision of
  this article, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor.
2023 New York Laws › CVR - Civil Rights › Article 5-A - Membership Corporations and Unincorporated Associations. › 57 - Additional Penalties.

§  57.  Additional penalties. In addition to the penalties provided by
  section fifty-six of this article, a violation of the provisions of this
  article  may  be  restrained  at  the  suit  of  the   people   by   the
  attorney-general.
2023 New York Laws › CVR - Civil Rights › Article 6 - Change of Name › 60 - Petition for Change of Name.

§  60.  Petition  for  change  of name. A petition for leave to assume
  another name may be made by a resident of the state to the county  court
  of  the  county  or the supreme court in the county in which he resides,
  or, if he resides in the city of New York, either to the  supreme  court
  or  to  any  branch  of  the civil court of the city of New York, in any
  county of the city of New York. The petition to change the  name  of  an
  infant  may  be made by the infant through his next friend, or by either
  of his parents, or by his general guardian, or by the  guardian  of  his
  person.
2023 New York Laws › CVR - Civil Rights › Article 6 - Change of Name › 61 - Contents.

§  61.  Contents.  1.  The petition shall be in writing, signed by the
  petitioner and verified in like manner as  a  pleading  in  a  court  of
  record, and shall specify the grounds of the application, the name, date
  of birth, place of birth, age and residence of the individual whose name
  is  proposed  to  be  changed  and  the name which he or she proposes to
  assume.  The  petition  shall  also  specify  (a)  whether  or  not  the
  petitioner  has been convicted of a crime or adjudicated a bankrupt; (b)
  whether or not there are any judgments or liens of  record  against  the
  petitioner  or actions or proceedings pending to which the petitioner is
  a party, and, if so, the petitioner shall give  descriptive  details  in
  connection  therewith sufficient to readily identify the matter referred
  to; (c) whether or not the petitioner is responsible for  child  support
  obligations;   (d)   whether  or  not  the  petitioner's  child  support
  obligations have been satisfied and are up to date; (e) the amount of  a
  child  support  arrearage  that  currently is outstanding along with the
  identity of the court which issued the  support  order  and  the  county
  child  support  collections  unit;  (f) whether or not the petitioner is
  responsible for spousal support obligations;  (g)  whether  or  not  the
  petitioner's  spousal support obligations have been satisfied and are up
  to date; and (h) the amount of spousal support arrearage that  currently
  is  outstanding  along  with  the identity of the court which issued the
  support order.
2. If the petitioner stands convicted of a violent felony  offense  as
  defined in section 70.02 of the penal law or a felony defined in article
  one  hundred  twenty-five of such law or any of the following provisions
  of such law sections 130.25, 130.30,  130.40,  130.45,  255.25,  255.26,
  255.27, article two hundred sixty-three, 135.10, 135.25, 230.05, 230.06,
  subdivision  two  of section 230.30 or 230.32, and is currently confined
  as an incarcerated individual in any correctional facility or  currently
  under  the  supervision  of  the department of corrections and community
  supervision or a  county  probation  department  as  a  result  of  such
  conviction,  the  petition  shall  for each such conviction specify such
  felony conviction, the date of such conviction or convictions,  and  the
  court in which such conviction or convictions were entered.
3.  Upon  all  applications  for change of name by persons born in the
  state of New York, there shall be annexed  to  such  petition  either  a
  birth  certificate or a certified transcript thereof or a certificate of
  the commissioner or local board of health that none is available.
2023 New York Laws › CVR - Civil Rights › Article 6 - Change of Name › 63 - Order.

§  63.  Order.  If  the  court  to  which the petition is presented is
  satisfied  thereby,  or  by  the  affidavit  and  certificate  presented
  therewith,  that  the  petition is true, and that there is no reasonable
  objection to the change of name proposed, and  if  the  petition  be  to
  change  the  name of an infant, that the interests of the infant will be
  substantially promoted by the change, the  court  shall  make  an  order
  authorizing  the petitioner to assume the name proposed. The order shall
  further recite the date and place of birth of the applicant and, if  the
  applicant  was born in the state of New York, such order shall set forth
  the number of  the  applicant's  birth  certificate  or  that  no  birth
  certificate  is available. The order shall be directed to be entered and
  the papers on which it was granted to be filed in the clerk's office  of
  the county in which the petitioner resides if they are an individual, or
  in the office of the clerk of the civil court of the city of New York if
  the order be made by that court.
2023 New York Laws › CVR - Civil Rights › Article 6 - Change of Name › 64-A - Sealing Name Change Papers.

§  64-a.  Sealing  name change papers. 1. If the court shall find that
  open record of an applicant's  change  of  name  would  jeopardize  such
  applicant's personal safety, based on totality of the circumstances, the
  court  shall,  at  the request of the applicant or sua sponte, order the
  records of such change of name proceeding be sealed, to be  opened  only
  by  order  of  the  court  for good cause shown or at the request of the
  applicant.  For  the  purposes  of  this  section,  "totality   of   the
  circumstances"  shall include, but not be limited to, a consideration of
  the risk of violence or discrimination against the applicant,  including
  such  applicant's  status  as  transgender or as the subject of domestic
  violence. The court shall not deny such sealing request  solely  on  the
  basis  that  the  applicant  lacks  specific  instances of or a personal
  history of threat to personal safety.
2. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, pending such a  finding
  in subdivision one of this section where an applicant seeks relief under
  this  section, the court shall immediately order the applicant's current
  name, proposed new name, residential and business  addresses,  telephone
  numbers,  and any other information contained in any pleadings or papers
  submitted to the court to be safeguarded and sealed in order to  prevent
  their  inadvertent or unauthorized use or disclosure while the matter is
  pending.
2023 New York Laws › CVR - Civil Rights › Article 6 - Change of Name › 65 - Optional Change of Name Upon Marriage, Divorce or Annulment.

§  65. Optional change of name upon marriage, divorce or annulment. 1.
  Any person may, upon marriage, elect to assume a new name  according  to
  the provisions of paragraph (b) of subdivision one of section fifteen of
  the domestic relations law.
2.  Any person may, upon divorce or annulment, elect to resume the use
  of a former surname or  middle  name  according  to  the  provisions  of
  section two hundred forty-a of the domestic relations law.
3.  The  effect  of  the  name  changes  accomplished  in  the  manner
  prescribed in subdivisions one and two of this section shall be  as  set
  forth in section sixty-four of this article.
4. Nothing in this article shall be construed to abrogate or alter the
  common  law  right of every person, whether married or single, to retain
  his or her name or to assume a new one so long as the new name  is  used
  consistently and without intent to defraud.
5.  Notwithstanding any inconsistent provision of law, the state shall
  not impose any fee, charge, surcharge or assessment solely to change the
  surname or middle name contained on a license, permit,  registration  or
  other  identifying  document  for  a  person who, because of a change in
  marital status, has assumed a new name or  reassumes  use  of  a  former
  surname as provided for in this section.
2023 New York Laws › CVR - Civil Rights › Article 6-A - Change of Sex Designation › 67 - Petition for Change of Sex Designation.

§  67. Petition for change of sex designation. 1. A petition for leave
  to change sex designation may be made by a resident of the state to  the
  county  court  of the county or the supreme court in the county in which
  such resident resides, or, if such resident resides in the city  of  New
  York, either to the supreme court or to any branch of the civil court of
  the  city  of  New  York,  in  any  county  of the city of New York. The
  petition to change the sex designation of an infant may be made  by  the
  infant  through  either  of  such  infant's parents, or by such infant's
  general guardian or by the guardian of such infant's person.
2. When an individual petitions the court to  recognize  their  gender
  identity  or  to  amend the sex designation on an identity document, the
  court shall issue such an order upon receipt of an affidavit  from  such
  individual  attesting to their gender identity or reason for the change.
  No additional medical evidence shall be required to grant such  request.
  No  such  order  shall  be required to amend an identity document issued
  within New York state. No such order  shall  be  required  to  otherwise
  recognize  the  gender  of  an individual and treat them consistent with
  their gender identity within New York state or under New York state law.
  No fee  shall  be  charged  for  a  request  for  judicial  intervention
  associated with a petition to change sex designation.
3.  Such request may be made simultaneously with a petition for change
  of name pursuant to section sixty or sixty-five of this  chapter  or  on
  its own.
2023 New York Laws › CVR - Civil Rights › Article 6-A - Change of Sex Designation › 67-A - Order.

§  67-a.  Order.  If  the  court to which the petition is presented is
  satisfied  thereby,  or  by  the  affidavit  and  certificate  presented
  therewith,  that  the  petition is true, and that there is no reasonable
  objection to the change of sex designation proposed, and if the petition
  is to change the sex designation of an infant, that the interests of the
  infant will be substantially promoted by the  change,  the  court  shall
  make  an  order authorizing the petitioner to assume the sex designation
  proposed.
2023 New York Laws › CVR - Civil Rights › Article 6-A - Change of Sex Designation › 67-B - Sealing Change of Sex Designation Papers.

§  67-b.  Sealing change of sex designation papers. 1. Upon request of
  the applicant or sua sponte, the court shall order the records  of  such
  change  of sex designation proceeding to be sealed, to be opened only by
  order of the court for good  cause  shown  or  at  the  request  of  the
  applicant.
2.  Notwithstanding any other provision of law, pending such a finding
  in subdivision one of this section where an applicant seeks relief under
  this section, the court shall immediately order the applicant's  current
  name,  sex  designation,  proposed  new sex designation, residential and
  business  addresses,  telephone  numbers,  and  any  other   information
  contained  in  any  pleadings  or  papers  submitted  to the court to be
  safeguarded  and  sealed  in  order  to  prevent  their  inadvertent  or
  unauthorized use or disclosure while the matter is pending.
2023 New York Laws › CVR - Civil Rights › Article 7 - Miscellaneous Rights and Immunities › 70 - Vexatious Suits.

§  70. Vexatious suits. If a person vexatiously or maliciously, in the
  name of another but without the latter's consent, or in the name  of  an
  unknown  person,  commences  or  continues, or causes to be commenced or
  continued, an action or special proceeding, in a court, of record or not
  of record, or a special proceeding before a judge or a  justice  of  the
  peace; or takes, or causes to be taken, any proceeding, in the course of
  an  action  or  special  proceeding  in  such a court, or before such an
  officer, either before or after judgment or other  final  determination;
  an  action  to recover damages therefor may be maintained against him by
  the adverse party to the action or special proceeding; and a like action
  may be maintained by the person, if any, whose name was thus used. He is
  also guilty of a misdemeanor, punishable by imprisonment  not  exceeding
  six months.
2023 New York Laws › CVR - Civil Rights › Article 7 - Miscellaneous Rights and Immunities › 70-A - Actions Involving Public Petition and Participation; Recovery of Damages.

§  70-a. Actions involving public petition and participation; recovery
of damages. 1. A defendant in an action involving  public  petition  and
participation, as defined in paragraph (a) of subdivision one of section
seventy-six-a  of  this  article,  may  maintain an action, claim, cross
claim or counterclaim to recover damages, including costs and attorney's
fees, from any person who commenced or continued such  action;  provided
that:
(a) costs and attorney's fees shall be recovered upon a demonstration,
including an adjudication pursuant to subdivision (g) of rule thirty-two
hundred  eleven  or subdivision (h) of rule thirty-two hundred twelve of
the civil practice law and  rules,  that  the  action  involving  public
petition   and  participation  was  commenced  or  continued  without  a
substantial basis in fact and law  and  could  not  be  supported  by  a
substantial  argument  for  the  extension,  modification or reversal of
existing law;
(b)  other  compensatory  damages  may  only  be  recovered  upon   an
additional  demonstration  that the action involving public petition and
participation was commenced or continued for the purpose  of  harassing,
intimidating,  punishing  or  otherwise  maliciously inhibiting the free
exercise of speech, petition or association rights; and
(c)  punitive  damages  may  only  be  recovered  upon  an  additional
demonstration   that   the   action   involving   public   petition  and
participation was  commenced  or  continued  for  the  sole  purpose  of
harassing,  intimidating,  punishing or otherwise maliciously inhibiting
the free exercise of speech, petition or association rights.
2. The right to bring an action under this section can be waived  only
if it is waived specifically.
3.  Nothing  in this section shall affect or preclude the right of any
party to any recovery otherwise authorized by common law, or by statute,
law or rule.
2023 New York Laws › CVR - Civil Rights › Article 7 - Miscellaneous Rights and Immunities › 70-B - Unlawful Interference With Protected Rights.

§  70-b.  Unlawful  interference  with protected rights. 1. A claim of
unlawful interference with protected rights is  established  under  this
section.  Such  claim  shall  arise when a person demonstrates that they
exercised or attempted to  exercise,  or  facilitated  or  attempted  to
facilitate  the  exercise of a right protected under the constitution of
the state of New York and/or protected or permitted by the laws  of  the
state  of  New  York, to obtain or provide the medical care described in
subdivision  six  of  this  section,  and  such   exercise,   provision,
facilitation,  or  attempt  thereof  results  in  litigation or criminal
charges brought against that person in any court in the United States or
its territories.
2. Such claim shall arise when  any  person  or  entity  commences  an
action  in any court, in the United States or any of its territories, in
which the allegations against the person,  whether  civil  or  criminal,
involve  accessing,  providing,  facilitating,  or attempting to access,
provide, or facilitate the medical care described in subdivision six  of
this section.
3.  In  a  claim for unlawful interference with protected rights under
this section:
(a) compensatory damages,  as  well  as  costs  and  attorneys'  fees,
including expert witness fees, shall be recoverable upon a demonstration
of unlawful interference; and
(b) additional damages of up to three times the amount of compensatory
damages  shall  be recoverable upon an additional demonstration that the
action against the plaintiff was commenced or continued for the  purpose
of   harassing,   intimidating,   punishing   or  otherwise  maliciously
inhibiting the exercise of rights protected in New York,  including  but
not limited to the rights in subdivision six of this section.
4.  Any action or proceeding brought pursuant to this section shall be
commenced no later than six years after the date on which the  violation
of this section is committed.
5.  Nothing  in this section shall affect or preclude the right of any
party to any recovery otherwise authorized by common law, or by statute,
law or rule.
6. Rights specifically protected  under  this  section  shall  include
lawfully provided medical care including but not limited to reproductive
and/or  endocrine  health care, and all medical, surgical, counseling or
referral services relating to the human reproductive  system,  including
but not limited to services relating to pregnancy, contraception, or the
termination of a pregnancy.
7.  An action under this section shall be brought in the Supreme Court
of the state of New York.
2023 New York Laws › CVR - Civil Rights › Article 7 - Miscellaneous Rights and Immunities › 71 - Damages in Action for Suing in Name of Another.

§  71.  Damages  in action for suing in name of another. In an action,
  brought by the adverse party, as prescribed in  the  last  section,  the
  plaintiff,  if he recovers final judgment, is entitled to recover treble
  damages. In an action, brought by the person whose  name  was  used,  as
  prescribed in the last section, the plaintiff is entitled to recover his
  actual damages, and two hundred and fifty dollars in addition thereto.
2023 New York Laws › CVR - Civil Rights › Article 7 - Miscellaneous Rights and Immunities › 72 - Term of Imprisonment of Civil Prisoner.

§  72.  Term  of  imprisonment  of  civil prisoner. No person shall be
  imprisoned within the prison walls of any jail for a longer period  than
  three  months under an execution or any other mandate against the person
  to enforce the recovery of a sum of money less than five hundred dollars
  in amount or under a commitment upon a fine for contempt of court in the
  nonpayment of  alimony,  maintenance,  distributive  awards  or  special
  relief  in  matrimonial  actions or counsel fees in a divorce case where
  the amount so to be paid is less than the sum of five  hundred  dollars;
  and  where the amount in either of said cases is five hundred dollars or
  over, such imprisonment shall not continue for a longer period than  six
  months.  It  shall  be the duty of the sheriff in whose custody any such
  person is held to discharge  such  person  at  the  expiration  of  said
  respective  periods  without any formal application being made therefor.
  No person shall be imprisoned within the jail liberties of any jail  for
  a  longer  period  than  six  months upon any execution or other mandate
  against the person to enforce the recovery of  a  sum  of  five  hundred
  dollars  or  over  or  for  a  longer period than three months where the
  amount is less than  five  hundred  dollars,  and  no  action  shall  be
  commenced  against  the sheriff upon a bond given for the jail liberties
  by such person. In computing the term of imprisonment time spent  within
  the  prison  walls  of any jail and time spent within the jail liberties
  shall be included. Notwithstanding such a discharge  in  either  of  the
  above  cases,  the  judgment creditor in the execution, or the person at
  whose instance the said mandate was issued, has the same remedy  against
  the  property  of  the person imprisoned which he or she had before such
  execution or mandate was issued; but the prisoner  shall  not  be  again
  imprisoned  upon a like process issued in the same action or arrested in
  any action upon any judgment under which the same may have been granted.
  Except in a case hereinbefore specified nothing in  this  section  shall
  affect a commitment for contempt of court.
2023 New York Laws › CVR - Civil Rights › Article 7 - Miscellaneous Rights and Immunities › 74 - Privileges in Action for Libel.

§  74.  Privileges  in  action  for  libel.  A  civil action cannot be
  maintained against any person, firm or corporation, for the  publication
  of  a  fair  and  true  report  of  any judicial proceeding, legislative
  proceeding or other official proceeding,  or  for  any  heading  of  the
  report which is a fair and true headnote of the statement published.
This  section  does not apply to a libel contained in any other matter
  added by any person concerned in the publication; or in  the  report  of
  anything  said  or done at the time and place of such a proceeding which
  was not a part thereof.
2023 New York Laws › CVR - Civil Rights › Article 7 - Miscellaneous Rights and Immunities › 75 - Defamation by Radio or Television.

§  75.  Defamation by radio or television.  1.  The owner, licensee or
  operator of a visual or sound radio broadcasting station or  network  of
  stations,  and  the  agents  or employees of any such owner, licensee or
  operator, shall not  be  liable  for  any  damages  for  any  defamatory
  statement  published  or  uttered  in  or as a part of a visual or sound
  radio broadcast, by any legally qualified candidate  for  public  office
  whose   utterances,   under   rules   and  regulations  of  the  federal
  communications commission may not  be  subject  to  censorship  by  such
  owner,  licensee  or operator of such visual or sound radio broadcasting
  station or network of stations, or their agents or employees.
2.  A "legally qualified candidate" means any person who has  publicly
  announced  that  he  is  a candidate for nomination by a convention of a
  political party or for nomination or election in a primary, special,  or
  general  election,  municipal,  county, state or national, and who meets
  the qualifications prescribed by the applicable laws to hold the  office
  for  which  he  is  a  candidate,  so  that  he  may be voted for by the
  electorate directly or by means of delegates or electors and who (a) has
  qualified for a place on  the  ballot  or  (b)  is  eligible  under  the
  applicable  law  to  be  voted  by writing in his name on the ballot, or
  other method, and who has been nominated by a political party  which  is
  commonly  known and regarded as such or makes a substantial showing that
  he is a bona fide candidate for nomination or office, as  the  case  may
  be.
3.    In  order  to  be  absolved  from  liability for damages for any
  utterance by a legally qualified candidate as herein defined  in  or  as
  part  of  a  visual  or  sound  radio  broadcast, the owner, licensee or
  operator of such visual or sound radio broadcasting station  or  network
  of  stations,  or  the  agents  or employees thereof, shall announce, in
  substance, at the beginning and end of each such political broadcast  of
  more  than  five  minutes  duration,  and  at the beginning of each such
  political broadcast of five minutes duration or less, that  the  remarks
  about to be made, or made, as the case may be, by the speaker are not to
  be  construed  as reflecting the opinions or beliefs of the station, its
  ownership or management.
2023 New York Laws › CVR - Civil Rights › Article 7 - Miscellaneous Rights and Immunities › 76 - Action for Libel: Evidence, Separate Verdicts.

§  76.  Action for libel: evidence, separate verdicts. At the trial of
  any civil action for libel, the defendant may prove,  for  consideration
  by  the jury in fixing the amount of the verdict, that the plaintiff has
  already recovered damages,  or  has  received,  or  agreed  to  receive,
  compensation  in  respect  of  a libel or libels of a similar purport or
  effect as the libel  for  which  such  action  has  been  brought.    In
  consolidated  actions  based  on libels of similar purport or effect the
  jury shall assess the whole amount of the  plaintiff's  damages  in  one
  sum, but a separate verdict shall be taken for or against each defendant
  and  the jury shall apportion the amount of damages among the defendants
  against whom it found a verdict.
2023 New York Laws › CVR - Civil Rights › Article 7 - Miscellaneous Rights and Immunities › 76-A - Actions Involving Public Petition and Participation; When Actual Malice to Be Proven.

§  76-a.  Actions  involving  public  petition and participation; when
actual malice to be proven. 1. For purposes of this section:
(a) An "action involving public petition and participation" is a claim
based upon:
(1) any communication in a place open to the public or a public  forum
in connection with an issue of public interest; or
(2)  any  other  lawful  conduct in furtherance of the exercise of the
constitutional right of free speech  in  connection  with  an  issue  of
public interest, or in furtherance of the exercise of the constitutional
right of petition.
(b)  "Claim"  includes  any  lawsuit,  cause  of  action, cross-claim,
counterclaim, or other judicial pleading or filing requesting relief.
(c) "Communication" shall mean any statement, claim, allegation  in  a
proceeding,  decision,  protest,  writing, argument, contention or other
expression.
(d) "Public interest" shall be construed broadly, and shall  mean  any
subject other than a purely private matter.
2.  In  an action involving public petition and participation, damages
may only be recovered  if  the  plaintiff,  in  addition  to  all  other
necessary  elements,  shall  have  established  by  clear and convincing
evidence that any communication which gives rise to the action was  made
with  knowledge  of its falsity or with reckless disregard of whether it
was false, where the truth or falsity of such communication is  material
to the cause of action at issue.
3.   Nothing   in  this  section  shall  be  construed  to  limit  any
constitutional, statutory or common law  protections  of  defendants  to
actions involving public petition and participation.
2023 New York Laws › CVR - Civil Rights › Article 7 - Miscellaneous Rights and Immunities › 78 - Mitigating Circumstances in Action for Libel or Slander.

§  78. Mitigating circumstances in action for libel or slander.  In an
  action  for  libel  or  slander  the  defendant  may  prove   mitigating
  circumstances,  including the sources of his information and the grounds
  for his belief, whether or not he has pleaded or attempted to prove  any
  defense.  A  defendant  in  default for want of an answer may prove such
  mitigating circumstances upon a reference or inquiry  to  ascertain  the
  amount  of  the  plaintiff's damages. Matter tending only to mitigate or
  reduce damages is a partial defense and may be set forth in the answer.
2023 New York Laws › CVR - Civil Rights › Article 7 - Miscellaneous Rights and Immunities › 79-B - Forfeiture of Property on Conviction Abolished.

§  79-b. Forfeiture of property on conviction abolished.  A conviction
  of a person for any crime, does not work a forfeiture of  any  property,
  real  or  personal, or any right or interest therein. All forfeitures to
  the people of the state, in the nature of deodands,  or  in  a  case  of
  suicide, or where a person flees from justice, are abolished.
2023 New York Laws › CVR - Civil Rights › Article 7 - Miscellaneous Rights and Immunities › 79-C - Convict Protected by Law.

§  79-c. Convict protected by law. A convict sentenced to imprisonment
  is under the protection of the law, and any injury to  his  person,  not
  authorized  by  law,  is punishable in the same manner as if he were not
  sentenced or convicted.
Nothing in sections seventy-nine or  seventy-nine-a  of  this  chapter
  shall be deemed to deny a convict sentenced to imprisonment the right to
  injunctive   relief   for   improper   treatment  where  such  treatment
  constitutes a violation of his constitutional rights.
2023 New York Laws › CVR - Civil Rights › Article 7 - Miscellaneous Rights and Immunities › 79-D - Creditor of Convict.

§  79-d.  Creditor of convict. A person injured by the commission of a
  felony, for which the offender is sentenced to imprisonment in  a  state
  prison,  is deemed the creditor of the offender, and of his estate after
  his death, within the provisions of the statutes relating thereto.
The damages sustained by the person injured by the felonious act,  may
  be  ascertained in an action brought for that purpose by him against the
  trustees of the estate of the offender, appointed under  the  provisions
  of  the  statutes,  or  the  executor or administrator of the offender's
  estate.
2023 New York Laws › CVR - Civil Rights › Article 7 - Miscellaneous Rights and Immunities › 79-E - Right to Breast Feed.

§  79-e.  Right to breast feed. Notwithstanding any other provision of
  law, a mother may breast feed  her  baby  in  any  location,  public  or
  private, where the mother is otherwise authorized to be, irrespective of
  whether  or  not  the nipple of the mother's breast is covered during or
  incidental to the breast feeding.
2023 New York Laws › CVR - Civil Rights › Article 7 - Miscellaneous Rights and Immunities › 79-F - Liability for Acts of Persons Assisting Police Officers.

§  79-f.  Liability for acts of persons assisting police officers.  1.
  Notwithstanding any inconsistent provisions of law, general  or  special
  or local, the state shall save harmless and protect any person who, upon
  being  lawfully  commanded,  renders  assistance  to  a  police  officer
  employed by the state  in  the  performance  of  his  duties,  from  any
  financial  loss  arising  out  of any claim, demand, suit or judgment by
  reason of alleged negligence, other than gross negligence, or an alleged
  tortious act of the person rendering such assistance  which  results  in
  bodily injury or property damage; any political subdivision of the state
  shall  save  harmless  and  protect  any person who, upon being lawfully
  commanded, renders assistance to a  police  officer  of  such  political
  subdivision  in  the  performance of his duties, from any financial loss
  arising out of any claim, demand, suit or judgment by reason of  alleged
  negligence,  other  than gross negligence, or an alleged tortious act of
  the person rendering such assistance which results in bodily  injury  or
  property damage; any agency of the state shall save harmless and protect
  any  person  who, upon being lawfully commanded, renders assistance to a
  police officer of such agency in the performance of his duties, from any
  financial loss arising out of any claim, demand,  suit  or  judgment  by
  reason of alleged negligence, other than gross negligence, or an alleged
  tortious  act  of  the person rendering such assistance which results in
  bodily injury or property damage.
2. The state or an agency or political subdivision thereof  shall  not
  be  subject  to  the duty imposed by this section, unless the person who
  rendered assistance shall, within ten days of the time he is served with
  any summons, complaint, process, notice, demand or pleading, deliver the
  original or a copy thereof to the chief legal officer of  the  state  or
  agency or political subdivision thereof, as the case may be.
3. Thereafter, the state, agency or political subdivision, as the case
  may  be,  shall be entitled to appear in any further proceedings arising
  under this section.
4. As used in this section the term police officer means any member of
  a duly organized police force or department of any county,  city,  town,
  village,  municipality,  authority, police district, regional state park
  commission when employed full time in the  enforcement  of  the  general
  criminal  laws  of  the  state,  or  any member of the state police or a
  sheriff, undersheriff or deputy sheriff, other  than  a  special  deputy
  sheriff.
2023 New York Laws › CVR - Civil Rights › Article 7 - Miscellaneous Rights and Immunities › 79-G - Filing of Certificates of Honorable Discharge With County Clerks.

§  79-g.  Filing  of  certificates  of honorable discharge with county
  clerks. a. Notwithstanding the provisions of  any  general,  special  or
  local  law to the contrary, any person filing a certificate of honorable
  discharge in the office of a county clerk shall have the right to direct
  the county clerk to keep such certificate sealed.
b. Thereafter,  such  certificate  shall  be  made  available  to  the
  veteran,  a  duly  authorized agent or representative of such veteran or
  the representative of the estate of a deceased veteran but shall not  be
  available for public inspection.
2023 New York Laws › CVR - Civil Rights › Article 7 - Miscellaneous Rights and Immunities › 79-I - Discrimination Against Person Who Refuses to Perform Certain Act Prohibited.

§  79-i.  Discrimination against person who refuses to perform certain
  act prohibited. 1. When the performing of an abortion on a  human  being
  or  assisting thereat is contrary to the conscience or religious beliefs
  of any person, he may refuse to perform or assist in  such  abortion  by
  filing  a  prior written refusal setting forth the reasons therefor with
  the appropriate and responsible hospital, person, firm,  corporation  or
  association,   and  no  such  hospital,  person,  firm,  corporation  or
  association shall discriminate against the person so refusing to act.
A violation of the provisions  of  this  section  shall  constitute  a
  misdemeanor.
2.  No  civil action for negligence or malpractice shall be maintained
  against a person so refusing to act based on such refusal.
2023 New York Laws › CVR - Civil Rights › Article 7 - Miscellaneous Rights and Immunities › 79-J - Confidentiality of Records in Multi-State Information System.

§  79-j. Confidentiality of records in multi-state information system.
  1. An ongoing research and demonstration project called the  multi-state
  information  system  for  psychiatric patients located at Rockland state
  hospital  in  Rockland  county  has  been  developed  by  a  number   of
  cooperating  states  and  is designed to provide a computer-based system
  for records and statistics of mental health patients  in  those  states.
  The  records  stored  by the multi-state information system are intended
  also  for  research  and  demonstration  purposes  concerning  (1)   the
  feasibility  of  computer-based  record systems improving the quality of
  medical  information  available  to  clinicians   treating   psychiatric
  patients and (2) the quality of aggregate statistics to aid in planning,
  operating  and  monitoring  psychiatric  services.  Such records are not
  intended to substitute for or replace original records retained  in  the
  cooperating  mental  health facilities and agencies. In order to protect
  the privacy of the information stored in such records which  relates  to
  patients in facilities outside of the state of New York, it is necessary
  and desirable that such records be declared confidential and not subject
  to examination in the courts or by agencies of this state.
2.  The  records  and information concerning patients in mental health
  and related facilities located outside of the  state  of  New  York  and
  currently  or hereafter stored in the multi-state information system for
  psychiatric patients maintained at Rockland state hospital in the county
  of Rockland are not public records. Such records and  information  shall
  be  confidential  and  shall  not be subject to subpoena in any court or
  before  any  tribunal  or  administrative  agency.  Such   records   and
  information  shall not be open for inspection by nor otherwise available
  to any agency or individual other than the agency or facility submitting
  the records or information and the technical staff  of  the  multi-state
  information  system except that the commissioner of mental hygiene shall
  have the power to conduct an annual  review  of  the  operation  of  the
  information system in order to assure its proper and lawful operation in
  the  interest  of  the  agencies and facilities contributing records and
  information to such system. Aggregate statistics drawn from the  records
  stored, with all personal identification removed, may be released by the
  system for research and planning purposes.
3.  Nothing  in this act shall affect existing law with respect to the
  records of patients now or formerly treated in facilities in this state.
  The records stored in the multi-state information  system  described  in
  subdivision  two  shall  not  be considered records of the department of
  mental hygiene.
2023 New York Laws › CVR - Civil Rights › Article 7 - Miscellaneous Rights and Immunities › 79-K - Civil Immunity for Certain Persons Assisting in Emergency Situations.

§  79-k.  Civil  immunity  for  certain persons assisting in emergency
  situations. 1. Any person who voluntarily and without the expectation of
  monetary compensation provides assistance in the event of an accident or
  other emergency situation involving the use,  handling,  transportation,
  transmission  or  storage of compressed gases and/or liquefied petroleum
  gases shall not be liable for any civil damages for  injuries  resulting
  from  any act of commission or omission on his part in the course of his
  rendering such assistance unless it is established  that  such  injuries
  were caused by gross negligence on the part of such person.
2.  Nothing in this section shall be deemed to relieve any person from
  liability for civil damages (a) where the accident or emergency referred
  to in subdivision one of this section involved  his  own  facilities  or
  equipment or (b) resulting from any act of commission or omission on his
  part  in  the  course  of providing care or assistance in the normal and
  ordinary course of his own business or profession.
3. For purposes of this section, the  term  "gross  negligence"  means
  reckless, willful, wanton or intentional misconduct.
2023 New York Laws › CVR - Civil Rights › Article 7 - Miscellaneous Rights and Immunities › 79-M - Criminal Interference With Health Care Services, Religious Worship, Funeral, Burial or Memorial Service; Injuction.

§  79-m.  Criminal  interference  with health care services, religious
  worship, funeral, burial or memorial service; injunction.  Whenever  the
  attorney  general  or district attorney of the county where the affected
  health care facility, place of religious worship, or site of a  funeral,
  burial  or  memorial  service is located has reasonable cause to believe
  that any person or group of persons  is  being,  has  been,  or  may  be
  injured by conduct constituting a violation of section 240.21, 240.70 or
  240.71  of  the penal law, the attorney general or district attorney may
  bring an action in the name of the people of the state of  New  York  to
  permanently  enjoin  such  violation.  In  such  action  preliminary and
  temporary relief may be granted under article sixty-three of  the  civil
  practice law and rules.