2023 New Mexico Statutes › Chapter 18 - Libraries, Museums and Cultural Properties › Article 6 - Cultural Properties › Section 18-6-11.2 - Permit required for excavation of unmarked burials; penalty.

A. Each human burial in the state interred in any unmarked burial ground is accorded the protection of law and shall receive appropriate and respectful treatment and disposition.
B. A person who knowingly, willfully and intentionally excavates, removes, disturbs or destroys any human burial buried, entombed or sepulchered in any unmarked burial ground in the state, or any person who knowingly, willfully and intentionally procures or employs any other person to excavate, remove, disturb or destroy any human burial buried, entombed or sepulchered in any unmarked burial ground in the state, except by authority of a permit issued by the state medical investigator or by the committee with the concurrence of the state archaeologist and state historic preservation officer, is guilty of a fourth degree felony and shall be punished by a fine not to exceed five thousand dollars ($5,000) or by imprisonment for a definite term of eighteen months or both. The offender shall upon conviction forfeit to the state all objects, artifacts and human burials excavated or removed from an unmarked burial ground in violation of this section, and any proceeds from the sale by the offender of any of the foregoing shall also be forfeited. The provisions of the Forfeiture Act [Chapter 31, Article 27 NMSA 1978] shall apply to a forfeiture provided for in this section. As used in this section:
(1) "unmarked burial ground" means a location where there exists a burial of any human being that is not visibly marked on the surface of the ground in any manner traditionally or customarily used for marking burials and includes any funerary object, material object or artifact associated with the burial; and
(2) "human burial" means a human body or human skeletal remains and includes any funerary object, material object or artifact buried, entombed or sepulchered with that human body or skeletal remains.
C. Any person who discovers a human burial in any unmarked burial ground shall cease any activity that may disturb that burial or any object or artifact associated with that burial and shall notify the local law enforcement agency having jurisdiction in the area. The local law enforcement agency shall notify the state medical investigator and the state historic preservation officer.
D. The state medical investigator may, consistent with the statutes governing medical investigations, have authority over or take possession of any human burial discovered in the state, in which case the provisions of Subsections E and F of this section shall not apply.
E. Permits for excavation of a human burial discovered in an unmarked burial ground shall be issued by the committee within sixty days of receipt of application when the applicant:
(1) submits written authorization for that excavation from the owner of the land on which the human burial is located or the applicant is the owner of the land;
(2) demonstrates appropriate efforts to determine the age of the human burial and to identify and consult with any living person who may be related to the human burial interred in the unmarked burial ground;
(3) complies with permit procedures and requirements established by regulations authorized in this section to ensure the complete removal of the human burial and the collection of all pertinent scientific information in accordance with proper archaeological methods; and
(4) provides for the lawful disposition or reinterment of the human burial either in the original or another appropriate location and of any objects or artifacts associated with that human burial, consistent with regulations issued by the state historic preservation officer, except that the committee shall not require, as a condition of issuance of a permit, reinterment or disposition, any action that unduly interferes with the owner's use of the land.
F. Permits for the excavation of any human burial discovered in the course of construction or other land modification may be issued by the committee with the concurrence of the state archaeologist and the state historic preservation officer on an annual basis to professional archaeological consultants or organizations.
G. Except when the committee requires as a condition of the permit that any object or artifact associated with a human burial be reinterred or disposed of with that burial, that object or artifact shall be the property of the person owning the land on which that burial is located.
H. Any object or artifact and any human burial excavated or removed from an unmarked burial ground in violation of this section shall be forfeited to the state and shall be lawfully disposed of or reinterred in accordance with regulations issued by the state historic preservation officer; provided that no object or artifact so forfeited shall ever be sold by the state; and provided further that any object or artifact removed from the land without the owner's consent and in violation of this section shall be returned to the lawful owner consistent with Subsection G of this section.
I. The state historic preservation officer shall issue regulations with the concurrence of the state medical investigator for the implementation of this section.
History:
1978 Comp., § 18-6-11.2, enacted by Laws 1989, ch. 267, § 1; 2015, ch. 152, § 15.
ANNOTATIONS
The 2015 amendment,
effective July 1, 2015, provided that the provisions of the Forfeiture Act apply to forfeitures provided for in this section; in Subsection B, after "foregoing shall also be forfeited.", added "The provisions of the Forfeiture Act shall apply to a forfeiture provided for in this section."; and in Paragraph (1) of Subsection B, after "exists a burial", deleted "or burials", after "human being", deleted "which" and added "that", and after "with the burial", deleted "or burials".