2023 New York Laws › PEN - Penal › Part 4 - Administrative Provisions › Title Y - Hate Crimes Act of 2000 › Article 485 - Hate Crimes › 485.05 - Hate Crimes.

§ 485.05 Hate crimes.
1.  A  person  commits a hate crime when he or she commits a specified
offense and either:
(a) intentionally selects the  person  against  whom  the  offense  is
committed  or  intended  to be committed in whole or in substantial part
because of a belief or perception regarding the  race,  color,  national
origin,  ancestry,  gender,  gender  identity  or  expression, religion,
religious practice, age, disability or sexual orientation of  a  person,
regardless of whether the belief or perception is correct, or
(b)  intentionally commits the act or acts constituting the offense in
whole or in substantial part because of a belief or perception regarding
the race, color, national origin, ancestry, gender, gender  identity  or
expression,  religion,  religious  practice,  age,  disability or sexual
orientation of a person, regardless of whether the belief or  perception
is correct.
2.  Proof  of  race,  color, national origin, ancestry, gender, gender
identity or expression, religion, religious practice, age, disability or
sexual orientation of the defendant, the victim or of both the defendant
and the victim  does  not,  by  itself,  constitute  legally  sufficient
evidence  satisfying  the  people's burden under paragraph (a) or (b) of
subdivision one of this section.
* 3. A "specified offense"  is  an  offense  defined  by  any  of  the
following  provisions  of  this  chapter: section 120.00 (assault in the
third degree); section 120.05 (assault in the  second  degree);  section
120.10 (assault in the first degree); section 120.12 (aggravated assault
upon  a  person less than eleven years old); section 120.13 (menacing in
the first degree); section  120.14  (menacing  in  the  second  degree);
section  120.15 (menacing in the third degree); section 120.20 (reckless
endangerment  in  the   second   degree);   section   120.25   (reckless
endangerment  in the first degree); section 121.12 (strangulation in the
second degree); section 121.13  (strangulation  in  the  first  degree);
subdivision  one  of section 125.15 (manslaughter in the second degree);
subdivision one, two or four of  section  125.20  (manslaughter  in  the
first  degree);  section  125.25  (murder in the second degree); section
120.45 (stalking in the fourth degree); section 120.50 (stalking in  the
third  degree);  section 120.55 (stalking in the second degree); section
120.60 (stalking in the first degree); subdivision one of section 130.35
(rape in the first degree); subdivision one of section 130.50  (criminal
sexual  act  in  the  first  degree);  subdivision one of section 130.65
(sexual abuse in the first degree); paragraph (a) of subdivision one  of
section 130.67 (aggravated sexual abuse in the second degree); paragraph
(a) of subdivision one of section 130.70 (aggravated sexual abuse in the
first  degree);  section  135.05  (unlawful  imprisonment  in the second
degree); section 135.10 (unlawful imprisonment  in  the  first  degree);
section  135.20  (kidnapping  in  the  second  degree);  section  135.25
(kidnapping in the first degree); section 135.60 (coercion in the  third
degree);  section 135.61 (coercion in the second degree); section 135.65
(coercion in the first degree); section 140.10 (criminal trespass in the
third degree); section 140.15 (criminal trespass in the second  degree);
section  140.17  (criminal trespass in the first degree); section 140.20
(burglary in the third degree); section 140.25 (burglary in  the  second
degree);  section  140.30 (burglary in the first degree); section 145.00
(criminal mischief in  the  fourth  degree);  section  145.05  (criminal
mischief  in the third degree); section 145.10 (criminal mischief in the
second degree); section 145.12 (criminal mischief in the first  degree);
section  150.05  (arson  in the fourth degree); section 150.10 (arson in
the third degree); section 150.15 (arson in the second degree);  section
150.20  (arson  in  the  first  degree); section 155.25 (petit larceny);

section 155.30 (grand larceny in  the  fourth  degree);  section  155.35
(grand  larceny  in  the third degree); section 155.40 (grand larceny in
the second degree); section 155.42 (grand larceny in the first  degree);
section 160.05 (robbery in the third degree); section 160.10 (robbery in
the  second  degree);  section  160.15  (robbery  in  the first degree);
section 240.25 (harassment in the first degree); subdivision one, two or
four of section 240.30 (aggravated harassment  in  the  second  degree);
section  490.10 (soliciting or providing support for an act of terrorism
in the second degree); section 490.15 (soliciting or  providing  support
for  an  act of terrorism in the first degree); section 490.20 (making a
terroristic threat); section 490.25 (crime of terrorism); section 490.30
(hindering prosecution of  terrorism  in  the  second  degree);  section
490.35 (hindering prosecution of terrorism in the first degree); section
490.37 (criminal possession of a chemical weapon or biological weapon in
the  third  degree);  section  490.40 (criminal possession of a chemical
weapon or biological  weapon  in  the  second  degree);  section  490.45
(criminal  possession  of  a chemical weapon or biological weapon in the
first degree); section 490.47 (criminal use  of  a  chemical  weapon  or
biological  weapon in the third degree); section 490.50 (criminal use of
a chemical weapon or biological weapon in the  second  degree);  section
490.55  (criminal  use  of a chemical weapon or biological weapon in the
first degree); or any  attempt  or  conspiracy  to  commit  any  of  the
foregoing offenses.
* NB Effective until June 19, 2024
* 3.  A  "specified  offense"  is  an  offense  defined  by any of the
following provisions of this chapter: section  120.00  (assault  in  the
third  degree);  section  120.05 (assault in the second degree); section
120.06 (gang assault in the second degree); section 120.07 (gang assault
in the first degree); section 120.10  (assault  in  the  first  degree);
section  120.12 (aggravated assault upon a person less than eleven years
old); section 120.13 (menacing in  the  first  degree);  section  120.14
(menacing  in  the second degree); section 120.15 (menacing in the third
degree); section 120.20 (reckless endangerment in  the  second  degree);
section  120.25  (reckless  endangerment  in  the first degree); section
121.11 (criminal obstruction of breathing or blood circulation); section
121.12  (strangulation   in   the   second   degree);   section   121.13
(strangulation  in  the first degree); subdivision one of section 125.15
(manslaughter in the second degree); subdivision one,  two  or  four  of
section  125.20  (manslaughter  in  the  first  degree);  section 125.25
(murder in the  second  degree);  section  125.26  (aggravated  murder);
section 125.27 (murder in the first degree); section 120.45 (stalking in
the  fourth  degree);  section  120.50  (stalking  in the third degree);
section 120.55 (stalking in the second degree); section 120.60 (stalking
in the first degree); section 130.20 (sexual misconduct); section 130.25
(rape in the third degree); section 130.30 (rape in the second  degree);
section  130.35  (rape  in  the  first degree); section 130.40 (criminal
sexual act in the third degree); section 130.45 (criminal sexual act  in
the  second  degree);  section  130.50 (criminal sexual act in the first
degree); section 130.52 (forcible touching); section 130.53  (persistent
sexual  abuse);  section  130.55  (sexual  abuse  in  the third degree);
section 130.60 (sexual abuse  in  the  second  degree);  section  130.65
(sexual  abuse in the first degree); section 130.65-a (aggravated sexual
abuse in the fourth degree); section 130.66 (aggravated sexual abuse  in
the third degree); section 130.67 (aggravated sexual abuse in the second
degree);  section  130.70 (aggravated sexual abuse in the first degree);
section 135.05 (unlawful imprisonment in  the  second  degree);  section
135.10  (unlawful  imprisonment  in  the  first  degree); section 135.20
(kidnapping in the second degree); section  135.25  (kidnapping  in  the

first  degree);  section  135.60 (coercion in the third degree); section
135.61 (coercion in the second degree); section 135.65 (coercion in  the
first  degree);  section 140.10 (criminal trespass in the third degree);
section  140.15 (criminal trespass in the second degree); section 140.17
(criminal trespass in the first degree); section 140.20 (burglary in the
third degree); section 140.25 (burglary in the second  degree);  section
140.30 (burglary in the first degree); section 145.00 (criminal mischief
in  the  fourth  degree); section 145.05 (criminal mischief in the third
degree); section  145.10  (criminal  mischief  in  the  second  degree);
section  145.12  (criminal mischief in the first degree); section 150.05
(arson in the  fourth  degree);  section  150.10  (arson  in  the  third
degree);  section  150.15  (arson  in the second degree); section 150.20
(arson in the first degree); section  155.25  (petit  larceny);  section
155.30  (grand  larceny  in  the  fourth  degree); section 155.35 (grand
larceny in the third degree);  section  155.40  (grand  larceny  in  the
second  degree);  section  155.42  (grand  larceny in the first degree);
section 160.05 (robbery in the third degree); section 160.10 (robbery in
the second degree);  section  160.15  (robbery  in  the  first  degree);
section 230.34 (sex trafficking); section 230.34-a (sex trafficking of a
child);  section  240.25  (harassment  in the first degree); subdivision
one, two or four of section 240.30 (aggravated harassment in the  second
degree);  section  240.50  (falsely  reporting  an incident in the third
degree); section 240.55 (falsely reporting an  incident  in  the  second
degree);  section  240.60  (falsely  reporting  an incident in the first
degree); subdivision one of section 265.03  (criminal  possession  of  a
weapon  in  the  second  degree);  subdivision  one  of  section  265.04
(criminal possession of a weapon in the first  degree);  section  490.10
(soliciting  or  providing support for an act of terrorism in the second
degree); section 490.15 (soliciting or providing support for an  act  of
terrorism  in  the  first  degree); section 490.20 (making a terroristic
threat); section 490.25 (crime of terrorism); section 490.30  (hindering
prosecution   of   terrorism  in  the  second  degree);  section  490.35
(hindering prosecution of terrorism in the first degree); section 490.37
(criminal possession of a chemical weapon or biological  weapon  in  the
third  degree); section 490.40 (criminal possession of a chemical weapon
or biological weapon in the second  degree);  section  490.45  (criminal
possession  of  a  chemical  weapon  or  biological  weapon in the first
degree); section 490.47 (criminal use of a chemical weapon or biological
weapon in the third degree); section 490.50 (criminal use of a  chemical
weapon  or  biological  weapon  in  the  second  degree); section 490.55
(criminal use of a chemical weapon or biological  weapon  in  the  first
degree);  or  any  attempt  or conspiracy to commit any of the foregoing
offenses.
* NB Effective June 19, 2024 until September 1, 2024
* 3. A "specified offense"  is  an  offense  defined  by  any  of  the
following  provisions  of  this  chapter: section 120.00 (assault in the
third degree); section 120.05 (assault in the  second  degree);  section
120.06 (gang assault in the second degree); section 120.07 (gang assault
in  the  first  degree);  section  120.10 (assault in the first degree);
section 120.12 (aggravated assault upon a person less than eleven  years
old);  section  120.13  (menacing  in  the first degree); section 120.14
(menacing in the second degree); section 120.15 (menacing in  the  third
degree);  section  120.20  (reckless endangerment in the second degree);
section 120.25 (reckless endangerment  in  the  first  degree);  section
121.11 (criminal obstruction of breathing or blood circulation); section
121.12   (strangulation   in   the   second   degree);   section  121.13
(strangulation in the first degree); subdivision one of  section  125.15
(manslaughter  in  the  second  degree); subdivision one, two or four of

section 125.20  (manslaughter  in  the  first  degree);  section  125.25
(murder  in  the  second  degree);  section  125.26 (aggravated murder);
section 125.27 (murder in the first degree); section 120.45 (stalking in
the  fourth  degree);  section  120.50  (stalking  in the third degree);
section 120.55 (stalking in the second degree); section 120.60 (stalking
in the first degree); section 130.20 (sexual misconduct); section 130.25
(rape in the third degree); section 130.30 (rape in the second  degree);
section 130.35 (rape in the first degree); former section 130.40; former
section   130.45;   former  section  130.50;  section  130.52  (forcible
touching); section 130.53  (persistent  sexual  abuse);  section  130.55
(sexual  abuse in the third degree); section 130.60 (sexual abuse in the
second degree); section 130.65  (sexual  abuse  in  the  first  degree);
section 130.65-a (aggravated sexual abuse in the fourth degree); section
130.66  (aggravated  sexual  abuse  in the third degree); section 130.67
(aggravated  sexual  abuse  in  the  second  degree);   section   130.70
(aggravated  sexual abuse in the first degree); section 135.05 (unlawful
imprisonment  in  the   second   degree);   section   135.10   (unlawful
imprisonment  in  the  first  degree); section 135.20 (kidnapping in the
second degree); section 135.25 (kidnapping in the first degree); section
135.60 (coercion in the third degree); section 135.61 (coercion  in  the
second  degree);  section 135.65 (coercion in the first degree); section
140.10 (criminal trespass in the third degree); section 140.15 (criminal
trespass in the second degree); section 140.17 (criminal trespass in the
first degree); section 140.20 (burglary in the  third  degree);  section
140.25  (burglary in the second degree); section 140.30 (burglary in the
first degree); section 145.00 (criminal mischief in the fourth  degree);
section  145.05  (criminal mischief in the third degree); section 145.10
(criminal mischief in  the  second  degree);  section  145.12  (criminal
mischief  in  the  first  degree);  section  150.05 (arson in the fourth
degree); section 150.10 (arson in  the  third  degree);  section  150.15
(arson  in  the  second  degree);  section  150.20  (arson  in the first
degree); section 155.25 (petit larceny); section 155.30  (grand  larceny
in  the  fourth  degree);  section  155.35  (grand  larceny in the third
degree); section 155.40 (grand larceny in the  second  degree);  section
155.42  (grand  larceny in the first degree); section 160.05 (robbery in
the third degree);  section  160.10  (robbery  in  the  second  degree);
section  160.15  (robbery  in  the  first  degree);  section 230.34 (sex
trafficking); section 230.34-a (sex trafficking  of  a  child);  section
240.25 (harassment in the first degree); subdivision one, two or four of
section  240.30  (aggravated  harassment  in the second degree); section
240.50 (falsely reporting an incident  in  the  third  degree);  section
240.55  (falsely  reporting  an  incident in the second degree); section
240.60 (falsely reporting an incident in the first degree);  subdivision
one  of  section  265.03  (criminal possession of a weapon in the second
degree); subdivision one of section 265.04  (criminal  possession  of  a
weapon  in  the  first  degree); section 490.10 (soliciting or providing
support for an act of terrorism in the second  degree);  section  490.15
(soliciting  or  providing  support for an act of terrorism in the first
degree); section 490.20 (making a terroristic  threat);  section  490.25
(crime of terrorism); section 490.30 (hindering prosecution of terrorism
in   the  second  degree);  section  490.35  (hindering  prosecution  of
terrorism in the first degree); section 490.37 (criminal possession of a
chemical weapon or biological  weapon  in  the  third  degree);  section
490.40 (criminal possession of a chemical weapon or biological weapon in
the  second  degree);  section 490.45 (criminal possession of a chemical
weapon or  biological  weapon  in  the  first  degree);  section  490.47
(criminal  use  of  a  chemical weapon or biological weapon in the third
degree); section 490.50 (criminal use of a chemical weapon or biological

weapon in the second degree); section 490.55 (criminal use of a chemical
weapon or biological weapon in the first  degree);  or  any  attempt  or
conspiracy to commit any of the foregoing offenses.
* NB Effective September 1, 2024
4. For purposes of this section:
(a) the term "age" means sixty years old or more;
(b)  the  term "disability" means a physical or mental impairment that
substantially limits a major life activity;
(c) the term "gender identity or expression" means a  person's  actual
or  perceived gender-related identity, appearance, behavior, expression,
or other gender-related characteristic regardless of the sex assigned to
that person at birth, including, but not limited to, the status of being
transgender.