reglab/statecodes huggingface dataset:
2023 North Carolina General Statutes › Chapter 14 - Criminal Law › Article 3A - Terrorism. › § 14-10.1 - Terrorism.

§ 14-10.1. Terrorism.
(a) As used in this section, the term "act of violence" means a violation of G.S. 14-17; a felony punishable pursuant to G.S. 14-18; any felony offense in this Chapter that includes an assault, or use of violence or force against a person; any felony offense that includes either the threat or use of any explosive or incendiary device; or any offense that includes the threat or use of a nuclear, biological, or chemical weapon of mass destruction.
(b) A person is guilty of the separate offense of terrorism if the person commits an act of violence with the intent to do either of the following:
(1) Intimidate the civilian population at large, or an identifiable group of the civilian population.
(2) Influence, through intimidation, the conduct or activities of the government of the United States, a state, or any unit of local government.
(c) A violation of this section is a felony that is one class higher than the offense which is the underlying act of violence, except that a violation is a Class B1 felony if the underlying act of violence is a Class A or Class B1 felony offense. A violation of this section is a separate offense from the underlying offense and shall not merge with other offenses.
(d) All real and personal property of every kind used or intended for use in the course of, derived from, or realized through an offense punishable pursuant to this Article shall be subject to lawful seizure and forfeiture to the State as set forth in G.S. 14-2.3 and G.S. 14-7.20. However, the forfeiture of any real or personal property shall be subordinate to any security interest in the property taken by a lender in good faith as collateral for the extension of credit and recorded as provided by law, and no real or personal property shall be forfeited under this section against an owner who made a bona fide purchase of the property, or a person with rightful possession of the property, without knowledge of a violation of this Article.
(e) Any person whose property or person is injured by reason of a violation of this section may sue for and recover treble damages, costs, and attorneys' fees pursuant to G.S. 1-539.2D. (2012-38, s. 1; 2015-215, s. 2.)
2023 North Carolina General Statutes › Chapter 14 - Criminal Law › Article 4 - Subversive Activities. › § 14-11 - Activities aimed at overthrow of government; use of public buildings.

§ 14-11. Activities aimed at overthrow of government; use of public buildings.
It shall be unlawful for any person, by word of mouth or writing, willfully and deliberately to advocate, advise or teach a doctrine that the government of the United States, the State of North Carolina or any political subdivision thereof shall be overthrown or overturned by force or violence or by any other unlawful means. It shall be unlawful for any public building in the State, owned by the State of North Carolina, any political subdivision thereof, or by any department or agency of the State or any institution supported in whole or in part by State funds, to be used by any person for the purpose of advocating, advising or teaching a doctrine that the government of the United States, the State of North Carolina or any political subdivision thereof should be overthrown by force, violence or any other unlawful means. (1941, c. 37, s. 1.)
2023 North Carolina General Statutes › Chapter 14 - Criminal Law › Article 4 - Subversive Activities. › § 14-12 - Punishment for violations.

§ 14-12. Punishment for violations.
Any person or persons violating any of the provisions of this Article shall, for the first offense, be guilty of a Class 1 misdemeanor and be punished accordingly, and for the second offense shall be punished as a Class H felon. (1941, c. 37, s. 2; 1979, c. 760, s. 5; 1979, 2nd Sess., c. 1316, s. 47; 1981, c. 63, s. 1, c. 179, s. 14; 1993, c. 539, s. 11; 1994, Ex. Sess., c. 24, s. 14(c).)
2023 North Carolina General Statutes › Chapter 14 - Criminal Law › Article 4 - Subversive Activities. › § 14-12.1 - Certain subversive activities made unlawful.

§ 14-12.1. Certain subversive activities made unlawful.
It shall be unlawful for any person to:
(1) By word of mouth or writing advocate, advise or teach the duty, necessity or propriety of overthrowing or overturning the government of the United States or a political subdivision of the United States by force or violence; or,
(2) Print, publish, edit, issue or knowingly circulate, sell, distribute or publicly display any book, paper, document, or written or printed matter in any form, containing or advocating, advising or teaching the doctrine that the government of the United States or a political subdivision of the United States should be overthrown by force, violence or any unlawful means; or,
(3) Organize or help to organize or become a member of or voluntarily assemble with any society, group or assembly of persons formed to teach or advocate the doctrine that the government of the United States or a political subdivision of the United States should be overthrown by force, violence or any unlawful means.
Any person violating the provisions of this section shall be punished as a Class H felon.
Whenever two or more persons assemble for the purpose of advocating or teaching the doctrine that the government of the United States or a political subdivision of the United States should be overthrown by force, violence or any unlawful means, such an assembly is unlawful, and every person voluntarily participating therein by his presence, aid or instigation, shall be punished as a Class H felon.
Every editor or proprietor of a book, newspaper or serial and every manager of a partnership or incorporated association by which a book, newspaper or serial is issued, is chargeable with the publication of any matter contained in such book, newspaper or serial. But in every prosecution therefor, the defendant may show in his defense that the matter complained of was published without his knowledge or fault and against his wishes, by another who had no authority from him to make the publication and whose act was disavowed by him as soon as known.
No person shall be employed by any department, bureau, institution or agency of the State of North Carolina who has participated in any of the activities described in this section, and any person now employed by any department, bureau, institution or agency and who has been or is engaged in any of the activities described in this section shall be forthwith discharged. Evidence satisfactory to the head of such department, bureau, institution or agency of the State shall be sufficient for refusal to employ any person or cause for discharge of any employee for the reasons set forth in this paragraph. (1947, c. 1028; 1953, c. 675, s. 2; 1979, c. 760, s. 5; 1979. 2
nd
Sess., c. 1316, s. 47; 1981, c. 63, s. 1; c. 179, s. 14.)
2023 North Carolina General Statutes › Chapter 14 - Criminal Law › Article 4A - Prohibited Secret Societies and Activities. › § 14-12.2 - Definitions.

§ 14-12.2. Definitions.
The terms used in this Article are defined as follows:
(1) The term "secret society" shall mean any two or more persons organized, associated together, combined or united for any common purpose whatsoever, who shall use among themselves any certain grips, signs or password, or who shall use for the advancement of any of their purposes or as a part of their ritual any disguise of the person, face or voice or any disguise whatsoever, or who shall take any extrajudicial oath or secret solemn pledge or administer such oath or pledge to those associated with them, or who shall transact business and advance their purposes at secret meeting or meetings which are tiled and guarded against intrusion by persons not associated with them.
(2) The term "secret political society" shall mean any secret society, as hereinbefore defined, which shall at any time have for a purpose the hindering or aiding the success of any candidate for public office, or the hindering or aiding the success of any political party or organization, or violating any lawfully declared policy of the government of the State or any of the laws and constitutional provisions of the State.
(3) The term "secret military society" shall mean any secret society, as hereinbefore defined, which shall at any time meet, assemble or engage in a venture when members thereof are illegally armed, or which shall at any time have for a purpose the engaging in any venture by members thereof which shall require illegal armed force or in which illegal armed force is to be used, or which shall at any time muster, drill or practice any military evolutions while illegally armed. (1953, c. 1193, s. 1.)
2023 North Carolina General Statutes › Chapter 14 - Criminal Law › Article 4A - Prohibited Secret Societies and Activities. › § 14-12.3 - Certain secret societies prohibited.

§ 14-12.3. Certain secret societies prohibited.
It shall be unlawful for any person to join, unite himself with, become a member of, apply for membership in, form, organize, solicit members for, combine and agree with any person or persons to form or organize, or to encourage, aid or assist in any way any secret political society or any secret military society or any secret society having for a purpose the violating or circumventing the laws of the State. (1953, c. 1193, s. 2.)
2023 North Carolina General Statutes › Chapter 14 - Criminal Law › Article 4A - Prohibited Secret Societies and Activities. › § 14-12.4 - Use of signs, grips, passwords or disguises or taking or administering oath for illegal purposes.

§ 14-12.4. Use of signs, grips, passwords or disguises or taking or administering oath for illegal purposes.
It shall be unlawful for any person to use, agree to use, or to encourage, aid or assist in the using of any signs, grips, passwords, disguise of the face, person or voice, or any disguise whatsoever in the furtherance of any illegal secret political purpose, any illegal secret military purpose, or any purpose of violating or circumventing the laws of the State; and it shall be unlawful for any person to take or administer, or agree to take or administer, any extrajudicial oath or secret solemn pledge to further any illegal secret political purpose, any illegal secret military purpose, or any purpose of violating or circumventing the laws of the State. (1953, c. 1193, s. 3.)
2023 North Carolina General Statutes › Chapter 14 - Criminal Law › Article 4A - Prohibited Secret Societies and Activities. › § 14-12.5 - Permitting, etc., meetings or demonstrations of prohibited secret societies.

§ 14-12.5. Permitting, etc., meetings or demonstrations of prohibited secret societies.
It shall be unlawful for any person to permit or agree to permit any members of a secret political society or a secret military society or a secret society having for a purpose the violating or circumventing the laws of the State to meet or to hold any demonstration in or upon any property owned or controlled by him. (1953, c. 1193, s. 4.)
2023 North Carolina General Statutes › Chapter 14 - Criminal Law › Article 4A - Prohibited Secret Societies and Activities. › § 14-12.6 - Meeting places and meetings of secret societies regulated.

§ 14-12.6. Meeting places and meetings of secret societies regulated.
Every secret society which has been or is now being formed and organized within the State, and which has members within the State shall forthwith provide or cause to be provided for each unit, lodge, council, group of members, grand lodge or general supervising unit a regular meeting place in some building or structure, and shall forthwith place and thereafter regularly keep a plainly visible sign or placard on the immediate exterior of such building or structure or on the immediate exterior of the meeting room or hall within such building or structure, if the entire building or structure is not controlled by such secret society, bearing upon said sign or placard the name of the secret society, the name of the particular unit, lodge, council, group of members, grand lodge or general supervising unit thereof and the name of the secretary, officer, organizer or member thereof who knows the purposes of the secret society and who knows or has a list of the names and addresses of the members thereof, and as such secretary, officer, organizer or member dies, removes, resigns or is replaced, his or her successor's name shall be placed upon such sign or placard; any person or persons who shall hereafter undertake to form and organize any secret society or solicit membership for a secret society within the State shall fully comply with the foregoing provisions of this section before forming and organizing such secret society and before soliciting memberships therein; all units, lodges, councils, groups of members, grand lodge and general supervising units of all secret societies within the State shall hold all of their secret meetings at the regular meeting place of their respective units, lodges, councils, group of members, grand lodge or general supervising units or at the regular meeting place of some other unit, lodge, council, group of members, grand lodge or general supervising unit of the same secret society, and at no other place unless notice is given of the time and place of the meeting and the name of the secret society holding the meeting in some newspaper having circulation in the locality where the meeting is to be held at least two days before the meeting. (1953, c. 1193, s. 5.)
2023 North Carolina General Statutes › Chapter 14 - Criminal Law › Article 4A - Prohibited Secret Societies and Activities. › § 14-12.7 - Wearing of masks, hoods, etc., on public ways.

§ 14-12.7. Wearing of masks, hoods, etc., on public ways.
No person or persons at least 16 years of age shall, while wearing any mask, hood or device whereby the person, face or voice is disguised so as to conceal the identity of the wearer, enter, be or appear upon any lane, walkway, alley, street, road, highway or other public way in this State. (1953, c. 1193, s. 6; 1983, c. 175, ss. 1, 10; c. 720, s. 4.)
2023 North Carolina General Statutes › Chapter 14 - Criminal Law › Article 4A - Prohibited Secret Societies and Activities. › § 14-12.8 - Wearing of masks, hoods, etc., on public property.

§ 14-12.8. Wearing of masks, hoods, etc., on public property.
No person or persons shall in this State, while wearing any mask, hood or device whereby the person, face or voice is disguised so as to conceal the identity of the wearer, enter, or appear upon or within the public property of any municipality or county of the State, or of the State of North Carolina. (1953, c. 1193, s. 7.)
2023 North Carolina General Statutes › Chapter 14 - Criminal Law › Article 4A - Prohibited Secret Societies and Activities. › § 14-12.9 - Entry, etc., upon premises of another while wearing mask, hood or other disguise.

§ 14-12.9. Entry, etc., upon premises of another while wearing mask, hood or other disguise.
No person or persons at least 16 years of age shall, while wearing a mask, hood or device whereby the person, face or voice is disguised so as to conceal the identity of the wearer, demand entrance or admission, enter or come upon or into, or be upon or in the premises, enclosure or house of any other person in any municipality or county of this State. (1953, c. 1193, s. 8; 1983, c. 175, ss. 2, 10; c. 720, s. 4.)
2023 North Carolina General Statutes › Chapter 14 - Criminal Law › Article 4A - Prohibited Secret Societies and Activities. › § 14-12.10 - Holding meetings or demonstrations while wearing masks, hoods, etc.

§ 14-12.10. Holding meetings or demonstrations while wearing masks, hoods, etc.
No person or persons at least 16 years of age shall while wearing a mask, hood or device whereby the person, face or voice is disguised so as to conceal the identity of the wearer, hold any manner of meeting, or make any demonstration upon the private property of another unless such person or persons shall first obtain from the owner or occupier of the property his or her written permission to do so, which said written permission shall be recorded in the office of the register of deeds of the county in which said property is located before the beginning of such meeting or demonstration. (1953, c. 1193, s. 9; 1983, c. 175, ss. 3, 10; c. 720, s. 4.)
2023 North Carolina General Statutes › Chapter 14 - Criminal Law › Article 4A - Prohibited Secret Societies and Activities. › § 14-12.12 - Placing burning or flaming cross on property of another or on public street or highway or on any public place.

§ 14-12.12. Placing burning or flaming cross on property of another or on public street or highway or on any public place.
(a) It shall be unlawful for any person or persons to place or cause to be placed on the property of another in this State a burning or flaming cross or any manner of exhibit in which a burning or flaming cross, real or simulated, is a whole or a part, without first obtaining written permission of the owner or occupier of the premises so to do.
(b) It shall be unlawful for any person or persons to place or cause to be placed on the property of another in this State or on a public street or highway, or on any public place a burning or flaming cross or any manner of exhibit in which a burning or flaming cross real or simulated, is a whole or a part, with the intention of intimidating any person or persons or of preventing them from doing any act which is lawful, or causing them to do any act which is unlawful. (1953, c. 1193, s. 11; 1967, c. 522, ss. 1, 2; 2008-197, s. 1.)
2023 North Carolina General Statutes › Chapter 14 - Criminal Law › Article 4A - Prohibited Secret Societies and Activities. › § 14-12.13 - Placing exhibit with intention of intimidating, etc., another.

§ 14-12.13. Placing exhibit with intention of intimidating, etc., another.
It shall be unlawful for any person or persons to place or cause to be placed anywhere in this State any exhibit of any kind whatsoever, while masked or unmasked, with the intention of intimidating any person or persons, or of preventing them from doing any act which is lawful, or of causing them to do any act which is unlawful. For the purposes of this section, the term "exhibit" includes items such as a noose. (1953, c. 1193, s. 12; 2008-197, s. 2.)
2023 North Carolina General Statutes › Chapter 14 - Criminal Law › Article 4A - Prohibited Secret Societies and Activities. › § 14-12.14 - Placing exhibit while wearing mask, hood, or other disguise.

§ 14-12.14. Placing exhibit while wearing mask, hood, or other disguise.
It shall be unlawful for any person or persons, while wearing a mask, hood or device whereby the person, face or voice is disguised so as to conceal the identity of the wearer, to place or cause to be placed at or in any place in the State any exhibit of any kind whatsoever, with the intention of intimidating any person or persons, or of preventing them from doing any act which is lawful, or of causing them to do any act which is unlawful. For the purposes of this section, the term "exhibit" includes items such as a noose. (1953, c. 1193, s. 13; 1967, c. 522, s. 3; 2008-197, s. 3.)
2023 North Carolina General Statutes › Chapter 14 - Criminal Law › Article 4A - Prohibited Secret Societies and Activities. › § 14-12.15 - Punishment for violation of Article.

§ 14-12.15. Punishment for violation of Article.
All persons violating any of the provisions of this Article, except for G.S. 14-12.12(b), 14-12.13, and 14-12.14, shall be guilty of a Class 1 misdemeanor. All persons violating the provisions of G.S. 14-12.12(b), 14-12.13, and 14-12.14 shall be punished as a Class H felon. (1953, c. 1193, s. 14; 1967, c. 602; 1979, c. 760, s. 5; 1979, 2nd Sess., c. 1316, s. 47; 1981, c. 63, s. 1; c. 179, s. 14; 1993, c. 539, s. 12; 1994, Ex. Sess., c. 24, s. 14(c); 2008-197, s. 4.)
2023 North Carolina General Statutes › Chapter 14 - Criminal Law › Article 5 - Counterfeiting and Issuing Monetary Substitutes. › § 14-13 - Counterfeiting coin and uttering coin that is counterfeit.

§ 14-13. Counterfeiting coin and uttering coin that is counterfeit.
If any person shall falsely make, forge or counterfeit, or cause or procure to be falsely made, forged or counterfeited, or willingly aid or assist in falsely making, forging or counterfeiting the resemblance or similitude or likeness of any coin of gold or silver which is in common use and received in the discharge of contracts by the citizens of the State; or shall pass, utter, publish or sell, or attempt to pass, utter, publish or sell, or bring into the State from any other place with intent to pass, utter, publish or sell as true, any such false, forged or counterfeited coin, knowing the same to be false, forged or counterfeited, with intent to defraud any person whatsoever, every person so offending shall be punished as a Class I felon. (1811, c. 814, s. 3, P.R.; R.C., c. 34, s. 64; Code, s. 1035; Rev., s. 3422; C.S., s. 4181; 1979, c. 760, s. 5; 1979, 2nd Sess., c. 1316, s. 47; 1981, c. 63, s. 1; c. 179, s. 14; 1993, c. 539, s. 1123; 1994, Ex. Sess., c. 24, s. 14(c); 1995, c. 379, s. 1(a).)
2023 North Carolina General Statutes › Chapter 14 - Criminal Law › Article 5 - Counterfeiting and Issuing Monetary Substitutes. › § 14-14 - Possessing tools for counterfeiting.

§ 14-14. Possessing tools for counterfeiting.
If any person shall have in his possession any instrument for the purpose of making any counterfeit similitude or likeness of any coin made of gold or silver which is in common use and received in discharge of contracts by the citizens of the State, and shall be duly convicted thereof, the person so offending shall be punished as a Class I felon. (1811, c. 814, s. 4, P.R.; R.C., c. 34, s. 65; Code, s. 1036; Rev., s. 3423; C.S., s. 4182; 1979, c. 760, s. 5; 1979, 2nd Sess., c. 1316, s. 47; 1981, c. 63, s. 1; c. 179, s. 14; 1993, c. 539, s. 1124; 1994, Ex. Sess., c. 24, s. 14(c); 1995, c. 379, s. 1(b).)
2023 North Carolina General Statutes › Chapter 14 - Criminal Law › Article 5 - Counterfeiting and Issuing Monetary Substitutes. › § 14-15 - Issuing substitutes for money without authority.

§ 14-15. Issuing substitutes for money without authority.
If any person or corporation, unless the same be expressly allowed by law, shall issue any bill, due bill, order, ticket, certificate of deposit, promissory note or obligation, or any other kind of security, whatever may be its form or name, with the intent that the same shall circulate or pass as the representative of, or as a substitute for, money, he shall be guilty of a Class 3 misdemeanor and only punishable by a fine not to exceed the sum of fifty dollars ($50.00); and if the offender be a corporation, it shall in addition forfeit its charter. Every person or corporation offending against this section, or aiding or assisting therein, shall be guilty of a Class 3 misdemeanor and only punishable by a fine not to exceed fifty dollars ($50.00). (R.C., c. 36, s. 5; Code, s. 2493; 1895, c. 127; Rev., s. 3711; C.S., s. 4183; 1993, c. 539, s. 13; 1994, Ex. Sess., c. 24, s. 14(c).)
2023 North Carolina General Statutes › Chapter 14 - Criminal Law › Article 5 - Counterfeiting and Issuing Monetary Substitutes. › § 14-16 - Receiving or passing unauthorized substitutes for money.

§ 14-16. Receiving or passing unauthorized substitutes for money.
If any person or corporation shall pass or receive, as the representative of, or as the substitute for, money, any bill, check, certificate, promissory note, or other security of the kind mentioned in G.S. 14-15, whether the same be issued within or without the State, such person or corporation, and the officers and agents of such corporation aiding therein, who shall offend against this section shall be guilty of a Class 3 misdemeanor and only punishable by a fine not to exceed five dollars ($5.00). (R.C., c. 36, s. 6; Code, s. 2494; 1895, c. 127; Rev., s. 3712; C.S., s. 4184; 1993, c. 539, s. 14; 1994, Ex. Sess., c. 24, s. 14(c).)
2023 North Carolina General Statutes › Chapter 14 - Criminal Law › Article 5A - Endangering Executive, Legislative, and Court Officers. › § 14-16.6 - Assault on executive, legislative, or court officer.

§ 14-16.6. Assault on executive, legislative, or court officer.
(a) Any person who assaults any legislative officer, executive officer, or court officer, or assaults another person as retaliation against any legislative officer, executive officer, or court officer because of the exercise of that officer's duties, or any person who makes a violent attack upon the residence, office, temporary accommodation or means of transport of any one of those officers or persons in a manner likely to endanger the officer or person, shall be guilty of a felony and shall be punished as a Class I felon.
(b) Any person who commits an offense under subsection (a) and uses a deadly weapon in the commission of that offense shall be punished as a Class F felon.
(c) Any person who commits an offense under subsection (a) and inflicts serious bodily injury to any legislative officer, executive officer, or court officer, shall be punished as a Class F felon. (1981, c. 822, s. 1; 1993, c. 539, s. 1125; 1994, Ex. Sess., c. 24, s. 14(c); 1999-398, s. 1; 2014-119, s. 6(a).)
2023 North Carolina General Statutes › Chapter 14 - Criminal Law › Article 5A - Endangering Executive, Legislative, and Court Officers. › § 14-16.7 - Threats against executive, legislative, or court officers.

§ 14-16.7. Threats against executive, legislative, or court officers.
(a) Any person who knowingly and willfully makes any threat to inflict serious bodily injury upon or to kill any legislative officer, executive officer, or court officer, or who knowingly and willfully makes any threat to inflict serious bodily injury upon or kill any other person as retaliation against any legislative officer, executive officer, or court officer because of the exercise of that officer's duties, shall be guilty of a felony and shall be punished as a Class I felon.
(b) Any person who knowingly and willfully deposits for conveyance in the mail any letter, writing, or other document containing a threat to commit an offense described in subsection (a) of this section shall be guilty of a felony and shall be punished as a Class I felon. (1981, c. 822, s. 1; 1993, c. 539, s. 1126; 1994, Ex. Sess., c. 24, s. 14(c); 1999-398, s. 1; 2014-119, s. 6(b).)
2023 North Carolina General Statutes › Chapter 14 - Criminal Law › Article 5A - Endangering Executive, Legislative, and Court Officers. › § 14-16.8 - No requirement of receipt of the threat.

§ 14-16.8. No requirement of receipt of the threat.
In prosecutions under G.S. 14-16.7 of this Article it shall not be necessary to prove that any legislative officer, executive officer, or court officer actually received the threatening communication or actually believed the threat. (1981, c. 822, s. 1; 1999-398, s. 1.)
2023 North Carolina General Statutes › Chapter 14 - Criminal Law › Article 5A - Endangering Executive, Legislative, and Court Officers. › § 14-16.9 - Officers-elect to be covered.

§ 14-16.9. Officers-elect to be covered.
Any person who has been elected to any office covered by this Article but has not yet taken the oath of office shall be considered to hold the office for the purpose of this Article and G.S. 143B-919. (1981, c. 822, s. 1; 2011-145, s. 19.1(dd1); 2011-391, s. 43(l); 2014-100, s. 17.1(v).)
2023 North Carolina General Statutes › Chapter 14 - Criminal Law › Article 5A - Endangering Executive, Legislative, and Court Officers. › § 14-16.10 - Definitions.

§ 14-16.10. Definitions.
The following definitions apply in this Article:
(1) Court officer. – Magistrate, clerk of superior court, acting clerk, assistant or deputy clerk, judge, or justice of the General Court of Justice; district attorney, assistant district attorney, or any other attorney designated by the district attorney to act for the State or on behalf of the district attorney; public defender or assistant defender; court reporter; juvenile court counselor as defined in G.S. 7B-1501(18a); any attorney or other individual employed by or acting on behalf of the department of social services in proceedings pursuant to Subchapter I of Chapter 7B of the General Statutes; any attorney or other individual appointed pursuant to G.S. 7B-601 or G.S. 7B-1108 or employed by the Guardian ad Litem Services Division of the Administrative Office of the Courts.
(2) Executive officer. – A person named in G.S. 147-3(c).
(3) Legislative officer. – A person named in G.S. 147-2(1), (2), or (3). (1999-398, s. 1; 2001-490, s. 2.35; 2003-140, s. 10.)
2023 North Carolina General Statutes › Chapter 14 - Criminal Law › Article 6 - Homicide. › § 14-18 - Punishment for manslaughter.

§ 14-18. Punishment for manslaughter.
Voluntary manslaughter shall be punishable as a Class D felony, and involuntary manslaughter shall be punishable as a Class F felony. (4 Hen. VII, s. 13; 1816, c. 918, P.R.; R.C., c. 34, s. 24; 1879, c. 255; Code, s. 1055; Rev., s. 3632; C.S., s. 4201; 1933, c. 249; 1979, c. 760, s. 5; 1979, 2nd Sess., c. 1316, s. 47; 1981, c. 63, s. 1; c. 179, s. 14; 1993, c. 539, s. 112; 1994, Ex. Sess., c. 24, s. 14(c); 1997-443, s. 19.25(q).)
2023 North Carolina General Statutes › Chapter 14 - Criminal Law › Article 6A - Unborn Victims. › § 14-23.1 - Definition.

§ 14-23.1. Definition.
As used in this Article only, "unborn child" means a member of the species homo sapiens, at any stage of development, who is carried in the womb. (2011-60, s. 2.)
2023 North Carolina General Statutes › Chapter 14 - Criminal Law › Article 6A - Unborn Victims. › § 14-23.2 - Murder of an unborn child; penalty.

§ 14-23.2. Murder of an unborn child; penalty.
(a) A person who unlawfully causes the death of an unborn child is guilty of the separate offense of murder of an unborn child if the person does any one of the following:
(1) Willfully and maliciously commits an act with the intent to cause the death of the unborn child.
(2) Causes the death of the unborn child in perpetration or attempted perpetration of any of the criminal offenses set forth under G.S. 14-17.
(3) Commits an act causing the death of the unborn child that is inherently dangerous to human life and is done so recklessly and wantonly that it reflects disregard of life.
(b) Penalty. – An offense under:
(1) Subdivision (a)(1) or (a)(2) of this section shall be a Class A felony, and any person who commits such offense shall be punished with imprisonment in the State's prison for life without parole.
(2) Subdivision (a)(3) of this section shall be subject to the same sentence as if the person had been convicted of second degree murder pursuant to G.S. 14-17. (2011-60, s. 2.)
2023 North Carolina General Statutes › Chapter 14 - Criminal Law › Article 6A - Unborn Victims. › § 14-23.3 - Voluntary manslaughter of an unborn child; penalty.

§ 14-23.3. Voluntary manslaughter of an unborn child; penalty.
(a) A person is guilty of the separate offense of voluntary manslaughter of an unborn child if the person unlawfully causes the death of an unborn child by an act that would be voluntary manslaughter if it resulted in the death of the mother.
(b) Penalty. – Any person who commits an offense under this section shall be guilty of a Class D felony. (2011-60, s. 2.)
2023 North Carolina General Statutes › Chapter 14 - Criminal Law › Article 6A - Unborn Victims. › § 14-23.4 - Involuntary manslaughter of an unborn child; penalty.

§ 14-23.4. Involuntary manslaughter of an unborn child; penalty.
(a) A person is guilty of the separate offense of involuntary manslaughter of an unborn child if the person unlawfully causes the death of an unborn child by an act that would be involuntary manslaughter if it resulted in the death of the mother.
(b) Penalty. – Any person who commits an offense under this section shall be guilty of a Class F felony. (2011-60, s. 2.)
2023 North Carolina General Statutes › Chapter 14 - Criminal Law › Article 6A - Unborn Victims. › § 14-23.5 - Assault inflicting serious bodily injury on an unborn child; penalty.

§ 14-23.5. Assault inflicting serious bodily injury on an unborn child; penalty.
(a) A person is guilty of the separate offense of assault inflicting serious bodily injury on an unborn child if the person commits a battery on the mother of the unborn child and the child is subsequently born alive and suffered serious bodily harm as a result of the battery.
(b) For purposes of this section, "serious bodily harm" is defined as bodily injury that creates a substantial risk of death, or that causes serious permanent disfigurement, coma, a permanent or protracted condition that causes extreme pain, or permanent or protracted loss or impairment of the function of any bodily member or organ, or that results in prolonged hospitalization, or causes the birth of the unborn child prior to 37-weeks gestation, if the child weighs 2,500 grams or less at the time of birth.
(c) Penalty. – Any person who commits an offense under this section shall be guilty of a Class F felony. (2011-60, s. 2.)
2023 North Carolina General Statutes › Chapter 14 - Criminal Law › Article 6A - Unborn Victims. › § 14-23.6 - Battery on an unborn child.

§ 14-23.6. Battery on an unborn child.
(a) A person is guilty of the separate offense of battery on an unborn child if the person commits a battery on a pregnant woman. This offense is a lesser-included offense of G.S. 14-23.5.
(b) Penalty. – Any person who commits an offense under this section is guilty of a Class A1 misdemeanor. (2011-60, s. 2.)
2023 North Carolina General Statutes › Chapter 14 - Criminal Law › Article 6A - Unborn Victims. › § 14-23.7 - Exceptions.

§ 14-23.7. Exceptions.
Nothing in this Article shall be construed to permit the prosecution under this Article of any of the following:
(1) Acts which cause the death of an unborn child if those acts were lawful, pursuant to the provisions of Article 1I of Chapter 90 of the General Statutes.
(2) Acts which are committed pursuant to usual and customary standards of medical practice during diagnostic testing or therapeutic treatment.
(3) Acts committed by a pregnant woman with respect to her own unborn child, including, but not limited to, acts which result in miscarriage or stillbirth by the woman. The following definitions shall apply in this section:
a. Miscarriage. – The interruption of the normal development of an unborn child, other than by a live birth, and which is not an induced abortion permitted under Article 1I of Chapter 90 of the General Statutes, resulting in the complete expulsion or extraction from a pregnant woman of the unborn child.
b. Stillbirth. – The death of an unborn child prior to the complete expulsion or extraction from a woman, irrespective of the duration of pregnancy and which is not an induced abortion permitted under Article 1I of Chapter 90 of the General Statutes. (2011-60, s. 2; 2023-65, s. 14.1(a).)
2023 North Carolina General Statutes › Chapter 14 - Criminal Law › Article 6A - Unborn Victims. › § 14-23.8 - Knowledge not required.

§ 14-23.8. Knowledge not required.
Except for an offense under G.S. 14-23.2(a)(1), an offense under this Article does not require proof of either of the following:
(1) The person engaging in the conduct had knowledge or should have had knowledge that the victim of the underlying offense was pregnant.
(2) The defendant intended to cause the death of, or bodily injury to, the unborn child. (2011-60, s. 2.)
2023 North Carolina General Statutes › Chapter 14 - Criminal Law › Article 7A - Rape and Other Sex Offenses. › §§ 14-27.1: Recodified as G.S. 14-27.20 by Session Laws 2015-181, s. 2, effective December 1, 2015, and applicable to offenses committed on or after that date.

§ 14-27.1: Recodified as G.S. 14-27.20 by Session Laws 2015-181, s. 2, effective December 1, 2015, and applicable to offenses committed on or after that date.
2023 North Carolina General Statutes › Chapter 14 - Criminal Law › Article 7A - Rape and Other Sex Offenses. › §§ 14-27.2: Recodified as G.S. 14-27.21 by Session Laws 2015-181, s. 3(a), effective December 1, 2015, and applicable to offenses committed on or after that date.

§ 14-27.2: Recodified as G.S. 14-27.21 by Session Laws 2015-181, s. 3(a), effective December 1, 2015, and applicable to offenses committed on or after that date.
2023 North Carolina General Statutes › Chapter 14 - Criminal Law › Article 7A - Rape and Other Sex Offenses. › §§ 14-27.2A: Recodified as G.S. 14-27.23 by Session Laws 2015-181, s. 5(a), effective December 1, 2015, and applicable to offenses committed on or after that date.

§ 14-27.2A: Recodified as G.S. 14-27.23 by Session Laws 2015-181, s. 5(a), effective December 1, 2015, and applicable to offenses committed on or after that date.
2023 North Carolina General Statutes › Chapter 14 - Criminal Law › Article 7A - Rape and Other Sex Offenses. › §§ 14-27.3: Recodified as G.S. 14-27.22 by Session Laws 2015-181, s. 4(a), effective December 1, 2015, and applicable to offenses committed on or after that date.

§ 14-27.3: Recodified as G.S. 14-27.22 by Session Laws 2015-181, s. 4(a), effective December 1, 2015, and applicable to offenses committed on or after that date.
2023 North Carolina General Statutes › Chapter 14 - Criminal Law › Article 7A - Rape and Other Sex Offenses. › §§ 14-27.4: Recodified as G.S. 14-27.26 by Session Laws 2015-181, s. 8(a), effective December 1, 2015, and applicable to offenses committed on or after that date.

§ 14-27.4: Recodified as G.S. 14-27.26 by Session Laws 2015-181, s. 8(a), effective December 1, 2015, and applicable to offenses committed on or after that date.
2023 North Carolina General Statutes › Chapter 14 - Criminal Law › Article 7A - Rape and Other Sex Offenses. › §§ 14-27.4A: Recodified as G.S. 14-27.28 by Session Laws 2015-181, s. 10(a), effective December 1, 2015, and applicable to offenses committed on or after that date.

§ 14-27.4A: Recodified as G.S. 14-27.28 by Session Laws 2015-181, s. 10(a), effective December 1, 2015, and applicable to offenses committed on or after that date.
2023 North Carolina General Statutes › Chapter 14 - Criminal Law › Article 7A - Rape and Other Sex Offenses. › §§ 14-27.5: Recodified as G.S. 14-27.27 by Session Laws 2015-181, s. 9(a), effective December 1, 2015, and applicable to offenses committed on or after that date.

§ 14-27.5: Recodified as G.S. 14-27.27 by Session Laws 2015-181, s. 9(a), effective December 1, 2015, and applicable to offenses committed on or after that date.
2023 North Carolina General Statutes › Chapter 14 - Criminal Law › Article 7A - Rape and Other Sex Offenses. › §§ 14-27.5A: Recodified as G.S. 14-27.33 by Session Laws 2015-181, s. 15, effective December 1, 2015, and applicable to offenses committed on or after that date.

§ 14-27.5A: Recodified as G.S. 14-27.33 by Session Laws 2015-181, s. 15, effective December 1, 2015, and applicable to offenses committed on or after that date.
2023 North Carolina General Statutes › Chapter 14 - Criminal Law › Article 7A - Rape and Other Sex Offenses. › §§ 14-27.7: Recodified as G.S. 14-27.31 and 14-27.32 by Session Laws 2015-181, ss. 13(a) and 14(a), effective December 1, 2015, and applicable to offenses committed on or after that date.

§ 14-27.7: Recodified as G.S. 14-27.31 and 14-27.32 by Session Laws 2015-181, ss. 13(a) and 14(a), effective December 1, 2015, and applicable to offenses committed on or after that date.
2023 North Carolina General Statutes › Chapter 14 - Criminal Law › Article 7A - Rape and Other Sex Offenses. › §§ 14-27.7A: Recodified as G.S. 14-27.25 by Session Laws 2015-181, s. 7(a), effective December 1, 2015, and applicable to offenses committed on or after that date.

§ 14-27.7A: Recodified as G.S. 14-27.25 by Session Laws 2015-181, s. 7(a), effective December 1, 2015, and applicable to offenses committed on or after that date.
2023 North Carolina General Statutes › Chapter 14 - Criminal Law › Article 7A - Rape and Other Sex Offenses. › §§ 14-27.8: Recodified as G.S. 14-27.34 by Session Laws 2015-181, s. 15, effective December 1, 2015, and applicable to offenses committed on or after that date.

§ 14-27.8: Recodified as G.S. 14-27.34 by Session Laws 2015-181, s. 15, effective December 1, 2015, and applicable to offenses committed on or after that date.
2023 North Carolina General Statutes › Chapter 14 - Criminal Law › Article 7A - Rape and Other Sex Offenses. › §§ 14-27.9: Recodified as G.S. 14-27.35 by Session Laws 2015-181, s. 15, effective December 1, 2015, and applicable to offenses committed on or after that date.

§ 14-27.9: Recodified as G.S. 14-27.35 by Session Laws 2015-181, s. 15, effective December 1, 2015, and applicable to offenses committed on or after that date.
2023 North Carolina General Statutes › Chapter 14 - Criminal Law › Article 7A - Rape and Other Sex Offenses. › §§ 14-27.10: Recodified as G.S. 14-27.36 by Session Laws 2015-181, s. 15, effective December 1, 2015, and applicable to offenses committed on or after that date.

§ 14-27.10: Recodified as G.S. 14-27.36 by Session Laws 2015-181, s. 15, effective December 1, 2015, and applicable to offenses committed on or after that date.
2023 North Carolina General Statutes › Chapter 14 - Criminal Law › Article 7B - Rape and Other Sex Offenses. › § 14-27.20 - Definitions.

§ 14-27.20. Definitions.
The following definitions apply in this Article:
(1) Repealed by Session Laws 2018-47, s. 4(a), effective December 1, 2018.
(1a) Against the will of the other person. – Either of the following:
a. Without consent of the other person.
b. After consent is revoked by the other person, in a manner that would cause a reasonable person to believe consent is revoked.
(2) Mentally incapacitated. – A victim who due to any act is rendered substantially incapable of either appraising the nature of his or her conduct, or resisting the act of vaginal intercourse or a sexual act.
(2a) Person who has a mental disability. – A victim who has an intellectual disability or a mental disorder that temporarily or permanently renders the victim substantially incapable of appraising the nature of his or her conduct, or of resisting the act of vaginal intercourse or a sexual act, or of communicating unwillingness to submit to the act of vaginal intercourse or a sexual act.
(3) Physically helpless. – Any of the following:
a. A victim who is unconscious.
b. A victim who is physically unable to resist an act of vaginal intercourse or a sexual act or communicate unwillingness to submit to an act of vaginal intercourse or a sexual act.
(4) Sexual act. – Cunnilingus, fellatio, analingus, or anal intercourse, but does not include vaginal intercourse. Sexual act also means the penetration, however slight, by any object into the genital or anal opening of another person's body. It is an affirmative defense that the penetration was for accepted medical purposes.
(5) Sexual contact. – Any of the following:
a. Touching the sexual organ, anus, breast, groin, or buttocks of any person.
b. A person touching another person with their own sexual organ, anus, breast, groin, or buttocks.
c. A person ejaculating, emitting, or placing semen, urine, or feces upon any part of another person.
(6) Touching. – As used in subdivision (5) of this section, means physical contact with another person, whether accomplished directly, through the clothing of the person committing the offense, or through the clothing of the victim. (1979, c. 682, s. 1; 2002-159, s. 2(a); 2003-252, s. 1; 2006-247, s. 12(a); 2015-181, s. 2; 2018-47, s. 4(a); 2019-245, ss. 5(a), 6(c).)
2023 North Carolina General Statutes › Chapter 14 - Criminal Law › Article 7B - Rape and Other Sex Offenses. › § 14-27.21 - First-degree forcible rape.

§ 14-27.21. First-degree forcible rape.
(a) A person is guilty of first-degree forcible rape if the person engages in vaginal intercourse with another person by force and against the will of the other person, and does any of the following:
(1) Uses, threatens to use, or displays a dangerous or deadly weapon or an article which the other person reasonably believes to be a dangerous or deadly weapon.
(2) Inflicts serious personal injury upon the victim or another person.
(3) The person commits the offense aided and abetted by one or more other persons.
(b) Any person who commits an offense defined in this section is guilty of a Class B1 felony.
(c) Upon conviction, a person convicted under this section has no rights to custody of or rights of inheritance from any child born as a result of the commission of the rape, nor shall the person have any rights related to the child under Chapter 48 or Subchapter 1 of Chapter 7B of the General Statutes. (1979, c. 682, s. 1; 1979, 2nd Sess., c. 1316, s. 4; 1981, c. 63; c. 106, ss. 1, 2; c. 179, s. 14; 1983, c. 175, ss. 4, 10; c. 720, s. 4; 1994, Ex. Sess., c. 22, s. 2; 2004-128, s. 7; 2015-181, ss. 3(a), (b); 2017-30, s. 1.)
2023 North Carolina General Statutes › Chapter 14 - Criminal Law › Article 7B - Rape and Other Sex Offenses. › § 14-27.22 - Second-degree forcible rape.

§ 14-27.22. Second-degree forcible rape.
(a) A person is guilty of second-degree forcible rape if the person engages in vaginal intercourse with another person:
(1) By force and against the will of the other person; or
(2) Who has a mental disability or who is mentally incapacitated or physically helpless, and the person performing the act knows or should reasonably know the other person has a mental disability or is mentally incapacitated or physically helpless.
(b) Any person who commits the offense defined in this section is guilty of a Class C felony.
(c) Upon conviction, a person convicted under this section has no rights to custody of or rights of inheritance from any child conceived during the commission of the rape, nor does the person have any rights related to the child under Chapter 48 of the General Statutes or Subchapter I of Chapter 7B of the General Statutes. (1979, c. 682, s. 1; 1979, 2nd Sess., c. 1316, s. 5; 1981, cc. 63, 179; 1993, c. 539, s. 1130; 1994, Ex. Sess., c. 24, s. 14(c); 2002-159, s. 2(b); 2004-128, s. 8; 2015-181, ss. 4(a), (b); 2018-47, s. 4(b).)
2023 North Carolina General Statutes › Chapter 14 - Criminal Law › Article 7B - Rape and Other Sex Offenses. › § 14-27.23 - Statutory rape of a child by an adult.

§ 14-27.23. Statutory rape of a child by an adult.
(a) A person is guilty of statutory rape of a child by an adult if the person is at least 18 years of age and engages in vaginal intercourse with a victim who is a child under the age of 13 years.
(b) A person convicted of violating this section is guilty of a Class B1 felony and shall be sentenced pursuant to Article 81B of Chapter 15A of the General Statutes, except that in no case shall the person receive an active punishment of less than 300 months, and except as provided in subsection (c) of this section. Following the termination of active punishment, the person shall be subject to enrollment in satellite-based monitoring as provided in Part 5 of Article 27A of Chapter 14 of the General Statutes.
(c) Notwithstanding the provisions of Article 81B of Chapter 15A of the General Statutes, the court may sentence the defendant to active punishment for a term of months greater than that authorized pursuant to G.S. 15A-1340.17, up to and including life imprisonment without parole, if the court finds that the nature of the offense and the harm inflicted are of such brutality, duration, severity, degree, or scope beyond that normally committed in such crimes, or considered in basic aggravation of these crimes, so as to require a sentence to active punishment in excess of that authorized pursuant to G.S. 15A-1340.17. If the court sentences the defendant pursuant to this subsection, it shall make findings of fact supporting its decision, to include matters it considered as egregious aggravation. Egregious aggravation can include further consideration of existing aggravating factors where the conduct of the defendant falls outside the heartland of cases even the aggravating factors were designed to cover. Egregious aggravation may also be considered based on the extraordinarily young age of the victim, or the depraved torture or mutilation of the victim, or extraordinary physical pain inflicted on the victim.
(d) Upon conviction, a person convicted under this section has no rights to custody of or rights of inheritance from any child born as a result of the commission of the rape, nor shall the person have any rights related to the child under Chapter 48 or Subchapter 1 of Chapter 7B of the General Statutes.
(e) The offense under G.S. 14-27.24 is a lesser included offense of the offense in this section. (2008-117, s. 1; 2015-181, s. 5(a), 5(b); 2021-182, s. 2(k).)