reglab/statecodes huggingface dataset:
2023 New York Laws › HAY - Highway › Article 13 - Saving Clause; Laws Repealed; When to Take Effect › 352 - Construction.

§ 352. Construction. The provisions of this chapter so far as they are
  substantially  the  same  as  those existing at the time they shall take
  effect, shall be construed as a continuation of such laws,  modified  or
  amended,  according to the language employed in this chapter, and not as
  new elements. References in laws  not  repealed  to  provisions  of  law
  incorporated  in  this  chapter  and  repealed,  shall  be  construed as
  applying to the provisions so incorporated.
2023 New York Laws › HAY - Highway › Article 13 - Saving Clause; Laws Repealed; When to Take Effect › 353 - Laws Repealed.

§  353.  Laws repealed. Chapter thirty of the laws of nineteen hundred
  and nine entitled "An act relating  to  highways,  constituting  chapter
  twenty-five  of  the consolidated laws," and all acts amendatory thereof
  and supplemental thereto, constituting the highway law as heretofore  in
  force, are hereby repealed, except as otherwise provided herein.
2023 New York Laws › IND - Indian › Article 2 - General Provisions › 2 - New York State Indian Nations and Tribes.

§ 2. New York state Indian nations and tribes. The term "Indian nation
  or  tribe"  means  one of the following New York state Indian nations or
  tribes: Cayuga Nation, Oneida  Nation  of  New  York,  Onondaga  Nation,
  Poospatuck or Unkechauge Nation, Saint Regis Mohawk Tribe, Seneca Nation
  of  Indians,  Shinnecock  Indian  Nation,  Tonawanda  Band of Seneca and
  Tuscarora Nation.
2023 New York Laws › IND - Indian › Article 2 - General Provisions › 3 - Power to Contract.

§ 3. Power to contract. An Indian shall be liable on his contracts not
  prohibited by law. An Indian may take, hold and convey real property the
  same  as  other  citizens,  but  no land owned or occupied as the common
  property of any nation, tribe or  band  of  Indians  shall  be  conveyed
  otherwise  than as provided in section seven. Upon becoming a freeholder
  to the value of one hundred  dollars  an  Indian  shall  be  subject  to
  taxation.
2023 New York Laws › IND - Indian › Article 2 - General Provisions › 4 - Marriage and Divorce.

§  4.  Marriage  and  divorce.  The  laws of the state relating to the
  capacity to  contract  marriage,  the  solemnization  of  marriage,  the
  annulment  of  the  marriage  contract,  and  divorce, are applicable to
  Indians; and subject to the jurisdiction of the peacemakers'  courts  of
  the  Seneca  nation  to  grant  divorces,  the  same  courts  shall have
  jurisdiction  of  actions  arising  thereunder.  But  Indians  who  have
  heretofore  contracted marriage according to the Indian custom or usage,
  and shall cohabit as husband and wife, shall be deemed lawfully married.
  As provided by subdivision three-a of section  eleven  of  the  domestic
  relations  law,  marriages  may  be  solemnized by a judge or peacemaker
  judge of any Indian tribal court, a chief, a headman, or any  member  of
  any  tribal council or other governing body of any nation, tribe or band
  of Indians in this state duly designated by such body for that  purpose,
  or  any  other persons duly designated by such body, in keeping with the
  culture and traditions of any such nation, tribe or band of  Indians  in
  this state, to officiate at marriages.
2023 New York Laws › IND - Indian › Article 2 - General Provisions › 5 - Actions in State Courts.

§  5.  Actions  in  state  courts.    Any action or special proceeding
  between Indians or between one or more Indians and any other  person  or
  persons  may be prosecuted and enforced in any court of the state to the
  same  extent  as  provided  by  law  for  other  actions   and   special
  proceedings.
2023 New York Laws › IND - Indian › Article 2 - General Provisions › 5-A - Surrender of Tribal Records.

§  5-a.  Surrender  of  tribal records.   1. At the end of the term of
  office of each officer, trustee, chief or headman of any  nation,  tribe
  or band of Indians, all books, records and papers of such body entrusted
  to or in the custody of such officer, trustee, chief or headman shall be
  immediately  surrendered  to  the  president,  head  chief  or presiding
  trustee, if any, of such body, elected in accordance with  this  chapter
  and  in  the  case  of  any  nation, tribe or band the election of whose
  officers, chiefs or trustees  is  not  provided  for  in  this  chapter,
  surrender shall be made to the senior head chief chosen according to the
  custom of such nation, tribe or band.
2.  All  persons having in their possession or under their control any
  book, record or paper belonging to any nation, tribe or band of  Indians
  shall  upon demand of the president, head chief or presiding trustee, if
  any, of such body, elected in accordance with  this  chapter,  surrender
  the  same  to such officer, and in the case of any nation, tribe or band
  the election of whose officers, chiefs or trustees is not  provided  for
  in  this  chapter, upon demand of the senior head chief chosen according
  to the custom of such nation, tribe or band, surrender shall be made  to
  such officer.
3. A violation of this section shall constitute a misdemeanor and upon
  conviction  of  such  violation  the  offender  shall  be  punishable by
  imprisonment in the county jail for a period not exceeding one  year  or
  by a fine not exceeding five hundred dollars, or both, in the discretion
  of the court.
2023 New York Laws › IND - Indian › Article 2 - General Provisions › 6 - Exemption of Reservation Lands From Taxation.

§  6. Exemption of reservation lands from taxation.  No taxes shall be
  assessed, for any purpose whatever, upon any Indian reservation in  this
  state, so long as the land of such reservation shall remain the property
  of the nation, tribe or band occupying the same.
2023 New York Laws › IND - Indian › Article 2 - General Provisions › 7 - Partition of Tribal Lands.

§  7. Partition of tribal lands.  Any nation, tribe or band of Indians
  which owns and occupies land in this state as  the  common  property  of
  such  nation,  tribe  or  band may, by the act of its Indian government,
  divide such lands into lots, and  distribute  and  partition  the  same,
  quantity  and  quality  relatively considered, among the individuals and
  families of such nation, tribe or band, so that the same may be held  in
  severalty  and  in  fee  simple, according to the laws of this state. No
  lands occupied and improved by any Indian according to the laws,  usages
  or  customs  of the nation, tribe or band shall be set off to any person
  other  than  the  occupant  or  his  family.  The  officers,  agents  or
  commissioners  to  execute  the  deeds to effect such partition shall be
  appointed  by  the  nation,  tribe  or  band,  whose  lands  are  to  be
  distributed,  subject  to  the  approval  of the commissioner of general
  services. They shall go before the county judge of the county  in  which
  such  lands  are  situated,  and prove to his satisfaction that they are
  authorized to effect such transfers, and shall  acknowledge  before  him
  the deeds necessary therefor. The county judge shall examine such deeds,
  and his indorsement thereon that he has examined the same, and that they
  are  executed  in pursuance of authority duly conferred, shall authorize
  the county clerk to record such deeds.
Lands partitioned or distributed in pursuance of  this  section  shall
  not  be subject to any lien or incumbrance, by way of mortgage, judgment
  or otherwise, or be alienable by the grantee or his  heirs,  for  twenty
  years  after  the recording of the deed effecting the partition; but may
  be partitioned among the heirs of a grantee who dies.
2023 New York Laws › IND - Indian › Article 2 - General Provisions › 9 - Residence of Other Indians on Tribal Lands.

§ 9. Residence of other Indians on tribal lands.  The chiefs, head men
  or  councilors  of  any  nation, tribe or band of Indians other than the
  Seneca nation, in council assembled, may, by a majority  vote,  grant  a
  written permit to any Indian not a member of such nation, tribe or band,
  to  reside  upon  the  tribal  lands thereof, and may limit the time and
  regulate the terms upon which any Indians, not members of  such  nation,
  tribe  or  band, may settle or reside upon such tribal lands. The permit
  shall describe the boundaries of the land permitted to be occupied,  the
  length of time and the terms upon which such Indian may reside upon such
  land,  and shall be signed by the presiding officer and the secretary or
  clerk of the council. The council of the  Seneca  nation  may  admit  an
  Indian  of  any  other nation, tribe or band, to become an inhabitant of
  their reservations and to enjoy  the  same  privileges  with  them.  All
  leases,  contracts  and  agreements,  not  authorized  by  this chapter,
  whereby any Indians not members of such nation, tribe or band, shall  be
  permitted  to  reside  on the tribal lands of such nation, tribe or band
  shall be void; and the Indians illegally occupying such lands  shall  be
  liable to removal as intruders.
2023 New York Laws › IND - Indian › Article 2 - General Provisions › 10 - Licenses to Reside Upon Tribal Lands.

§  10.  Licenses  to  reside  upon tribal lands.   A county judge of a
  county in which lands of any  nation,  tribe  or  band  of  Indians  are
  situated,  may,  upon the request of such nation, tribe or band, grant a
  written license to a schoolmaster, teacher or  family  of  teachers,  or
  minister  of  the  gospel and his family, or priest, to reside upon such
  lands, and for that purpose to occupy not to exceed fifty acres thereof,
  or may grant a written license to a person to reside upon such lands for
  the purpose of instructing the Indians in agriculture  or  the  mechanic
  arts,  or  assisting  them in erecting or in keeping in repair a mill or
  other machinery, or in the manufacture of salt. Such  judge  may  revoke
  such  license,  and  shall  revoke  it whenever it shall appear that the
  licensee has sold or given away  to  any  Indian  spirituous  liquor  or
  intoxicating  drink.  Upon  the  revocation  of  any  such  license, the
  licensee may be removed as an intruder.
2023 New York Laws › IND - Indian › Article 2 - General Provisions › 11 - Trespasses on Tribal Lands.

§  11.  Trespasses  on tribal lands.  An action may be brought, in the
  name of the people of the  state,  against  any  person  other  than  an
  Indian,  trespassing  upon tribal lands, by the district attorney of the
  county in which such lands are situated, upon security for  the  payment
  of  the  costs of such action being given to his satisfaction, or in the
  name of the nation, tribe or band, by any three of the chiefs, head  men
  or  councilors thereof, upon security being given to the satisfaction of
  the county judge of the county in which such lands are situated, for the
  payment of the costs of such action. The security  for  the  payment  of
  costs,  as  provided  by  this section, shall be filed, if the action is
  before a justice of the peace, with him, and otherwise, in the office of
  the county clerk. The damages recovered, after paying expenses, shall be
  distributed among the Indians occupying such lands.
2023 New York Laws › IND - Indian › Article 2 - General Provisions › 11-A - Recovering Possession of Reservation Land.

§ 11-a. Recovering possession of reservation land.  In addition to any
  other  remedy provided by this chapter or by any other law, the council,
  chiefs, trustees or headmen  constituting  the  governing  body  of  any
  nation,  tribe  or band of Indians may in the name and on behalf of such
  nation, tribe or band, maintain any action or proceeding to recover  the
  possession of lands of such nation, tribe or band unlawfully occupied by
  others and for damages resulting from such occupation.
2023 New York Laws › IND - Indian › Article 2 - General Provisions › 12 - Highways on Tribal Lands.

§ 12. Highways on tribal lands.  Commissioners of highways of towns in
  which  an Indian reservation is wholly or partly situated shall have the
  same power and jurisdiction over the portion of the reservation in their
  respective towns, to improve highways already laid out  therein,  as  is
  conferred  upon  such  commissioners by the highway law, except that the
  written decision of the commissioners shall be served  upon  the  agent,
  attorney  or  some  other officer of the nation, tribe or band occupying
  such reservation; from which decision, such Indians  may,  within  sixty
  days after the service thereof, appeal to the county judge of the county
  in  which  such  lands are situated, whose decision shall be final. Such
  commissioners of highways  may,  with  the  consent  of  the  tribal  or
  national  authorities  of  the  nation,  tribe  or  band  occupying such
  reservation, lay out and establish as provided by law,  highways  on  or
  across such reservation, and the highway commissioners of the town shall
  thereafter  be charged with the maintenance of such road and the bridges
  thereon. This section shall not authorize the taxation of an Indian  who
  is not a citizen.
2023 New York Laws › IND - Indian › Article 2 - General Provisions › 12-A - Indian Cemetery or Burial Grounds.

§  12-a.  Indian  cemetery or burial grounds.  The office of parks and
  recreation shall have the power to  designate  any  Indian  cemetery  or
  burial  ground  as  a place of historic interest pursuant to subdivision
  one of section 3.09 of the parks and recreation law  provided,  however,
  that  such  cemetery  or  burial  ground  is not located upon any Indian
  reservation located wholly or partly within the state. No  person  shall
  destroy,  alter,  convert,  or  in  any  way impair any such cemetery or
  burial ground which has been  so  designated  as  a  place  of  historic
  interest  or  any artifact or other object thereon which is or may be of
  relevance to the historic interest thereof  without  the  prior  express
  written permission of the office of parks and recreation.
The  attorney  general,  at  the  request  of  the office of parks and
  recreation, is hereby authorized to institute an action in supreme court
  in the judicial district wherein  such  cemetery  or  burial  ground  is
  located to enjoin violations or threatened violations of this section.
2023 New York Laws › IND - Indian › Article 2 - General Provisions › 13 - Powers of Departments of Charities and Education in Relation to Indians.

§  13. Powers of departments of charities and education in relation to
  Indians. The department  of  charities  shall  hear  and  determine  all
  questions which may arise in relation to moneys under the control of the
  state,  belonging  to  any  nation,  tribe  or  band  of Indians, or any
  individual Indian or his descendants, except moneys under the control of
  the state for the promotion of education  among  the  Indians,  and  all
  questions  which  may arise between the various parties of such tribe or
  nation in relation to any of their lands, or  the  avails  thereof;  and
  shall  make  such  treaties,  contracts  and  arrangements with any such
  nation, tribe or band, or individuals, who have any claim upon any  land
  in  this  state, or any money belonging to them under the control of the
  state, or for the purchase of any portion of such  lands,  as  they  may
  deem  just  and  proper, or in relation to the expense of laying out and
  keeping in repair any public road passing through any lands occupied  by
  Indians.  The  department  of  education  shall  hear  and determine all
  questions which arise in relation to moneys under  the  control  of  the
  state,  belonging  to  any  nation,  tribe  or  band of Indians, for the
  promotion of education among the Indians. This section shall  not  apply
  to Seneca or Tonawanda nations.
2023 New York Laws › IND - Indian › Article 2 - General Provisions › 13-A - Payments for Indians.

§  13-a.  Payments  for  Indians.    Whenever it shall appear that any
  person whose name shall be certified for payment of an annuity or  other
  fund  by  the state is incapable of receiving it because of incompetency
  or infancy said payment shall be made to the attorney or  agent  of  the
  tribe  of  which said incompetent or infant is a member, as trustee, who
  shall disburse it for the benefit of said incompetent or infant in  such
  manner as will best promote his or her general welfare, except when such
  payment  is  certified  to  be  made  to  a  member  of the Cayuga tribe
  incapable of receiving it in which event said payment shall be  made  to
  the  state  department  of  social welfare for the purposes hereinbefore
  described.
2023 New York Laws › IND - Indian › Article 2 - General Provisions › 14 - Trust Funds for Indians.

§  14.  Trust  funds  for  Indians.   The departments of education and
  charities, respectively, for the purposes hereinafter  specified,  shall
  receive from any nation, tribe or band of Indians residing in the state,
  any  sums  of money which such Indians may wish to put in trust with the
  state of New York, upon condition that the interest  or  income  thereof
  shall  be  paid  over  and  applied,  under  the  direction  and  in the
  discretion  of  the  department  of  education,  for  the  promotion  of
  education  among  the  Indians,  and  under  the  direction  and  in the
  discretion of the department of  charities,  for  the  encouragement  of
  religion among the Indians, or for any other purpose of public interest,
  use and benefit, which is a proper subject of taxation. Such money shall
  be  in  the  custody  and  under the immediate charge of the head of the
  division of finance in the department of taxation and finance and, under
  the direction of the department by which it was received as provided  in
  this section, invested by the comptroller in safe securities or in bonds
  of  the  state  bearing  interest  at the rate of five per centum, to be
  created and issued therefor, and called "The Indian loans."
2023 New York Laws › IND - Indian › Article 2 - General Provisions › 15 - Freedom From Toll and Ferriage.

§  15. Freedom from toll and ferriage.  The Indians of the Six Nations
  may pass and repass free of toll and ferriage, at all  seasonable  times
  of  the  day,  on  any  turnpike road, which shall have been established
  since April sixth, eighteen hundred and three, or which shall  hereafter
  be  established,  leading  from  or  through  the town of Canandaigua to
  Buffalo creek or its vicinity, and over any toll  bridge  between  those
  places, and at the ferry across the Niagara river at or near Black Rock,
  or  at  such  place or places in its vicinity where any ferry shall have
  been established since such time, or shall hereafter be established.
2023 New York Laws › IND - Indian › Article 2 - General Provisions › 16 - Indian Settlement Agreements.

§   16.   Indian  settlement  agreements.  Notwithstanding  any  other
  provision of law, the provisions  of  the  Oneida  Settlement  Agreement
  referenced  in  section  eleven  of the executive law shall be deemed to
  supersede any inconsistent laws and regulations.
2023 New York Laws › IND - Indian › Article 2 - General Provisions › 17 - .

§  17.  Notwithstanding  the provisions of any other provision of this
  chapter limiting to members of  the  male  sex  the  right  to  vote  in
  elections  and  meetings  of  any  nation,  tribe or band of Indians, no
  member of the feminine sex being a member of such nation, tribe or  band
  shall  be  disqualified  by sex from voting in elections and meetings of
  such nation, band or tribe after the qualified  voters  of  such  Indian
  group  shall  have recognized the right of women to vote in elections or
  meetings of such group.
2023 New York Laws › IND - Indian › Article 2 - General Provisions › 18 - Fire Corporations.

§ 18. Fire corporations.  Notwithstanding any other provisions of law,
  the  members  of  the  Seneca  Nation  of  Indians  may  establish  fire
  corporations to provide fire protection and related  services  upon  the
  Seneca Indian reservations, or any part thereof, subject to the approval
  of  the Council of the Seneca Nation of Indians. Such corporations shall
  be formed pursuant  to  the  applicable  provisions  of  the  Membership
  Corporation  Law,  provided,  however,  that  the consent of such Seneca
  Council shall constitute the consent required by section  11.4  thereof.
  Any such fire corporation shall have powers equivalent to those provided
  by  law  with respect to like fire corporations or departments operating
  outside such Seneca  reservations,  including  without  limitation,  the
  right  to  enter  into  contracts  for  the provision of fire protection
  services outside the Seneca reservation, and its members  and  employees
  shall be entitled to all of the benefits afforded under New York Law for
  persons engaged in providing fire protection services.
2023 New York Laws › IND - Indian › Article 2 - General Provisions › 19 - Fire Protection Contracts.

§ 19. Fire Protection Contracts.  Notwithstanding any other provisions
  of  law,  the Seneca Nation of Indians and any city, town, village, fire
  district or incorporated fire company  may  enter  into  a  contract  or
  contracts   whereby   such   city,   town,  village,  fire  district  or
  incorporated fire company for a stated consideration, agrees to  provide
  fire  protection  upon all or any part of the lands of the Seneca Nation
  of Indians.
2023 New York Laws › IND - Indian › Article 3 - The Onondaga Tribe › 20 - Appointment, Term of Office and Qualifications of the Agent of the Onondaga Indians.

§  20.  Appointment, term of office and qualifications of the agent of
  the Onondaga Indians.   The offices of agent  of  the  Onondaga  Indians
  residing  on  the  Onondaga  reservation,  and  of agent of the Onondaga
  Indians residing on the Allegany, Cattaraugus, Tuscarora  and  Tonawanda
  reservations,   are   combined  effective  July  one,  nineteen  hundred
  sixty-one, and commencing on that date there shall be a single office of
  agent of the Onondaga Indians.   Such agent shall be  appointed  by  the
  state  commissioner of social welfare and shall exercise and perform his
  power and duties under the supervision, direction  and  control  of  the
  department of social welfare.  The term of office of such agent shall be
  five  years.  The  compensation of such agent shall be paid by the state
  and shall be an annual salary of  twelve  hundred  dollars.  Such  agent
  shall  not  be  further  reimbursed  for  his expenses. Such agent shall
  reside in Onondaga county, near the Onondaga reservation.
2023 New York Laws › IND - Indian › Article 3 - The Onondaga Tribe › 21 - Duties of Agent.

§  21.  Duties of agent.   Such agent shall annually, on or before the
  first Monday of June, prepare and transmit to the department  of  social
  welfare  a  correct  enumeration  of  such  of the Indians of whom he is
  agent, as are entitled to receive annuity moneys  from  the  state.  The
  department of social welfare shall, upon receipt of such enumeration and
  undertaking,  certify  to  the  comptroller  such  enumeration  and  its
  approval of such undertaking and send to such agent the  annuity  moneys
  payable  by  the  state  to  the  Indians  of whom he is agent for which
  purpose such moneys shall be paid to the department  of  social  welfare
  from  the  treasury  on  the  audit  and warrant of the comptroller upon
  requisitions approved by the department of social  welfare.  Such  agent
  shall  thereupon  distribute  such  moneys  to the Indians of whom he is
  agent who are entitled thereto, paying the same to heads of families and
  individuals so far as  practicable,  and  shall  forthwith  report  such
  distribution  to  the  department of social welfare, which shall certify
  such report to the comptroller. Such agent shall protect the rights  and
  interests  of  the  tribe  of  which he is agent, and perform such other
  duties in relation to them as may  be  required  by  the  department  of
  social welfare.
2023 New York Laws › IND - Indian › Article 3 - The Onondaga Tribe › 22 - Cutting and Removing Timber.

§  22.  Cutting and removing timber.  No person other than an Onondaga
  Indian shall cut or remove  from  the  Onondaga  reservation  any  tree,
  timber,  wood,  bark or poles; and no Indian shall cut any tree, timber,
  wood, bark or poles for  the  purpose  of  sale  or  removal  from  such
  reservation,  nor  shall sell, remove, cause to be removed or aid in the
  removal from such reservation of any trees, timber, wood, bark or poles,
  except upon the written permission of a majority of the  chiefs  of  the
  Onondaga  tribe, particularly specifying the quantity and kind of trees,
  timber, wood, bark or poles to be cut or removed.
2023 New York Laws › IND - Indian › Article 3 - The Onondaga Tribe › 23 - Consent of Agent to Certain Contracts.

§  23.  Consent  of  agent to certain contracts.  Every contract which
  shall be made without the written consent of the agent of  the  Onondaga
  Indians,  by  any  person  other  than an Indian, with any Indian of the
  Onondaga tribe, or with any Indian of any other nation or tribe residing
  or living with such Indians, for or concerning any stone, or  any  wood,
  timber  or  bark  on  the  tribal lands of such nation, or that has been
  taken or removed from such lands, shall be void;  and  any  person  who,
  without  such  consent,  shall  receive  from  any  such Indian or other
  person, any such stone, wood, timber or bark, on  such  reservation,  or
  removed  therefrom,  knowing  the  same  to  have  been taken or removed
  therefrom, shall be liable to a penalty of five times the value of  such
  property,  recoverable  by  the  agent of such tribe, in the name of the
  people of the state, and payable upon recovery, after  he  has  deducted
  his  fees  and  the  reasonable costs and expenses of collection, to the
  chiefs of such tribe for the benefit of the tribe.
2023 New York Laws › IND - Indian › Article 3 - The Onondaga Tribe › 24 - Leases.

§  24.  Leases.   An Indian residing on the Onondaga reservation and a
  member of the Onondaga tribe, owning  or  possessed  of  improved  lands
  therein, may lease such lands to white persons, for a term not to exceed
  ten  years;  but  no individual Indian shall have the right to lease any
  lands to be used as a stone  quarry  or  for  commercial  purposes.    A
  majority  of  the  chiefs of such tribe may, by a written contract drawn
  under the direction of the agent of  such  tribe  and  approved  by  his
  indorsement  thereon, lease lands to be used as stone quarries, lands to
  be used for commercial purposes and national lands of the tribe to white
  persons, the expense of such contracts to be paid by the persons to whom
  the lands shall be leased.  Any such contract without the consent of the
  agent shall be void.
All moneys due upon leases of lands to be used as stone quarries or of
  lands to be used for commercial purposes, shall be paid to the agent  to
  be  distributed  by him as follows:  One-third to the Onondaga Nation of
  Indians and two-thirds to the individual owner of such lands,  and  each
  such  lease,  hereafter  made,  shall  contain  such requirement for the
  payment and disbursement of lease moneys.
As used in this section "commercial purposes" shall mean  and  include
  any  purpose,  except  agricultural  purposes, for which the land may be
  used to derive a profit.
2023 New York Laws › IND - Indian › Article 3 - The Onondaga Tribe › 26 - Plank-Road on Reservation.

§ 26. Plank-road on reservation.  All Indians residing on the Onondaga
  reservation,  or  belonging  to  the  Onondaga  tribe,  shall, as to the
  portion of the Syracuse  and  Tully  plank-road  constructed  upon  such
  reservation, and as to all gates erected within the bounds thereof, pass
  free of any charge or toll.
2023 New York Laws › IND - Indian › Article 3 - The Onondaga Tribe › 28 - Keeping or Pasturing of Cattle; Damages; Penalty.

§  28.  Keeping  or pasturing of cattle; damages; penalty.  Any person
  who keeps, pastures, has in his possession, or under  his  control,  any
  horses,  cattle,  or  other  animals, on lands contained in the Onondaga
  Indian reservation, unless the same are kept, pastured, or possessed, as
  provided in section twenty-four of this article, shall be  guilty  of  a
  misdemeanor,  and shall be liable for treble damages for any injury done
  by such cattle, horses, or other animals while on said reservation.  Any
  person  who  shall  keep,  pasture, have in his possession, or under his
  control, any cattle, horses or other animals, on lands contained  within
  the  Onondaga  Indian  reservation  and  leased  under the provisions of
  section twenty-four of this article,  shall  be  liable  to  the  person
  damaged  for  any  injury done by such cattle, horses, or other animals,
  through trespass or otherwise; and the fact that the person damaged,  or
  any  other person, has failed to erect any fences, or has failed to keep
  any fences in repair, shall be no defense in  an  action  brought  under
  this section, for injury done by such cattle, horses or other animals.
2023 New York Laws › IND - Indian › Article 4 - The Seneca Indians › 40 - Use of Terms.

§  40.  Use of terms.   In this chapter the Seneca Indians residing on
  the Allegany and Cattaraugus  reservations  are  designated  the  Seneca
  nation, and the Seneca Indians residing on the Tonawanda reservation are
  designated  the Tonawanda nation. For the purposes of voting and holding
  office, the Seneca Indians residing on the Corn-planter  reservation  in
  the New York Indian agency shall be treated as residents of the Allegany
  reservation.  The councilors of the Seneca nation, and the chiefs of the
  Tonawanda nation, in council assembled, are designated, in this chapter,
  the council of each of such nations, respectively.
2023 New York Laws › IND - Indian › Article 4 - The Seneca Indians › 41 - Enumeration of Officers.

§ 41. Enumeration of officers.  The government of the Seneca nation by
  chiefs  is  abolished.  Each nation shall have as officers a clerk and a
  treasurer.  The  Tonawanda  nation  shall  have  a  marshal  and   three
  peacemakers.  The Seneca nation shall have a marshal, three peacemakers,
  and eight councilors for each of its reservations, and a president. Each
  officer of each nation now in office shall continue in office until  the
  expiration  of  the term for which he was chosen and until his successor
  shall be chosen.
2023 New York Laws › IND - Indian › Article 4 - The Seneca Indians › 43 - Qualifications of Voters and Eligibility to Office.

§  43. Qualifications of voters and eligibility to office.  Every male
  Seneca Indian of full age  residing  on  the  Allegany,  Cattaraugus  or
  Tonawanda  reservations,  whose  name shall appear on the last preceding
  census taken for the purpose of distributing the annuities  due  to  the
  said Indians, shall be a qualified voter at all elections or meetings of
  the  electors  of his nation; and shall be eligible to any office filled
  thereat, except that the marshals, peacemakers  and  councilors  of  the
  Seneca  nation shall be residents of the reservation for which they were
  chosen, and the peacemakers of the Tonawanda nation shall be chosen from
  among the chiefs thereof. If any person offering to  vote  at  any  such
  election shall be challenged as unqualified, the presiding officer shall
  determine by an inspection of such last preceding census, upon his right
  to  vote;  and if he is challenged on the ground of not being twenty-one
  years of age, such officer shall ascertain the fact by the oath  of  the
  person  offering  his  vote,  or  of  any other Indian, which oath he is
  authorized to administer.
2023 New York Laws › IND - Indian › Article 4 - The Seneca Indians › 44 - The Treasurer.

§ 44. The treasurer.  Within thirty days after his election and before
  performing  any  of  the  duties  or exercising any of the powers of his
  office, the treasurer of each nation shall give a bond to  such  nation,
  with  such  sureties  and  in such amount as the state comptroller shall
  approve, conditioned for the faithful performance of the duties  of  his
  office.  For any breach of the conditions of such bond, an action may be
  maintained for the benefit of such nation, by  their  attorney,  in  the
  manner  provided  by  law  for the breach of an official bond given by a
  county treasurer. If such bond is not given within  the  time  provided,
  the  office  shall  be deemed vacant. The treasurer of the Seneca nation
  shall  receive  all  moneys  belonging  to  the  nation,  including  the
  annuities  paid  by  the government of the United States or the state of
  New York. The treasurer of the Tonawanda nation shall receive all moneys
  belonging to such band, which shall be deposited with  him  pursuant  to
  any  resolution  of  the  council  of such nation. The treasurer of each
  nation shall pay out moneys  only  upon  a  warrant,  certified  by  the
  presiding  officer  and  clerk  of  the  council, to the effect that the
  amount to be paid by such  warrant  was  appropriated  by  a  resolution
  passed  by  a  majority vote of the council, which warrant the treasurer
  shall retain as a voucher. The treasurer shall receive such compensation
  as the council shall determine. At least five  days  before  the  annual
  election,  he  shall  report to the peacemakers an account of all moneys
  received and expended by him, with the vouchers for  such  expenditures,
  which  account  shall  be  settled  by  the  peacemakers and read by the
  presiding officer at the next annual election.
2023 New York Laws › IND - Indian › Article 4 - The Seneca Indians › 45 - The Clerk.

§ 45. The clerk.  The clerk of each nation shall act as clerk at every
  annual or special meeting thereof, and in the meetings of the council of
  the  nation.  He  shall  have  the  custody of all the books, papers and
  records belonging to such nation.  The  council  of  each  nation  shall
  furnish  the clerk thereof with a book, at the expense of the nation, in
  which he shall enter all proceedings and the results of all elections at
  every annual or special meeting of such nation; and all  orders,  rules,
  regulations  and  certificates  made  or  granted  by the council of the
  nation, and if of the Tonawanda nation, the names of the chiefs thereof.
  Every certificate, order or other matter certified by the clerk to be  a
  true extract from his minutes shall be evidence thereof. The clerk shall
  receive  an  annual  salary  of  not  exceeding  fifty  dollars,  to  be
  determined by the council. The clerk of the Tonawanda nation shall  also
  act  as  clerk  at  all  hearings before the peacemakers' courts, or any
  other tribunal established by law on their reservation, and shall  enter
  in the record book of the peacemakers' courts all entries required to be
  made therein.
2023 New York Laws › IND - Indian › Article 4 - The Seneca Indians › 47 - Record of Peacemakers.

§  47.  Record  of  peacemakers.   The peacemakers of each reservation
  shall be furnished by the council of the nation, with a record book,  in
  which  they shall cause an entry to be made by the clerk, of all matters
  heard and determined by them.  Each such entry shall state the names  of
  the  parties  to  the  action  or  proceeding,  a brief statement of the
  subject thereof, the finding and determination  of  the  peacemakers  in
  reference  thereto,  the amount of the award, the amount of costs and to
  whom allowed, the time within which the decision is to be complied with,
  and the date of such decision.
2023 New York Laws › IND - Indian › Article 4 - The Seneca Indians › 48 - Costs and Fees.

§  48.  Costs  and  fees.    The  fees  of surrogates, peacemakers and
  marshals shall  be  fixed  and  determined  by  the  council.  In  every
  controversy before the peacemakers they shall award the costs to be paid
  by  the  party against whom their determination shall be made; the costs
  allowed  shall  be  ascertained  and  specified   by   them   in   their
  determination.
2023 New York Laws › IND - Indian › Article 4 - The Seneca Indians › 49 - Incompetency of Peacemakers.

§  49. Incompetency of peacemakers.  A peacemaker shall not act in any
  case where he shall be related to  either  of  the  parties  within  the
  fourth  degree  by  the common law, or has any interest in the action or
  proceeding. If two members of a peacemakers' court shall be  incompetent
  to  act,  the  remaining peacemaker shall associate with himself any two
  members of the council residing on the reservation not  disqualified  by
  such  relationship or interest, for the hearing and determination of the
  action or proceeding, and such peacemaker and members of the council  or
  any  two  of  them shall have all the power and authority conferred upon
  peacemakers in relation to such action or proceeding.
2023 New York Laws › IND - Indian › Article 4 - The Seneca Indians › 50 - Appeals to Council of Seneca Nation.

§  50.  Appeals to council of Seneca nation.  Within twenty days after
  the decision of a peacemakers' court of the Seneca nation, an appeal may
  be taken to the council of such nation,  by  serving  upon  the  adverse
  party  and upon the peacemakers before whom the action or proceeding was
  heard a notice  of  such  appeal.  The  peacemakers  shall  certify  the
  evidence  taken before them to the council. The appeal shall be heard by
  at least a quorum of the council, and shall be decided upon the evidence
  taken in the peacemakers' court, and such  additional  evidence  as  the
  council may determine to hear. Upon the hearing any party shall have the
  right  to  appear either in person or by counsel and argue the merits of
  the case. The decision of the council shall be conclusive.
2023 New York Laws › IND - Indian › Article 4 - The Seneca Indians › 51 - Appeals From Peacemakers' Court of Tonawanda Nation.

§  51. Appeals from peacemakers' court of Tonawanda nation.  An appeal
  may be taken from the decision of a peacemakers' court of the  Tonawanda
  nation,  or  of a tribunal of such nation consisting of a peacemaker and
  one or more associate chiefs, to a court consisting  of  six  chiefs  of
  such  nation,  selected  as  follows:  The  party  appealing  shall give
  security, approved by the tribunal before which the action or proceeding
  was tried, for the payment of  the  amount  awarded  by  such  appellate
  court. Upon such security being given, such trial court shall direct the
  marshal  to  summon twelve chiefs, designated by such trial tribunal, to
  appear at a time and place specified, not more than ten days thereafter.
  At such time the names of such chiefs shall be drawn  by  lot,  and  the
  first six whose names are drawn, and who are not disqualified because of
  interest  or  relationship, shall constitute a court for the hearing and
  determination of such appeal. Such court  shall  hear  the  appeal,  and
  examine  the  witnesses and parties under oath in the same manner as the
  peacemakers in a determination before them.    Upon  such  hearing,  the
  chiefs  constituting  the court shall be entitled to receive twenty-five
  cents each for their services, to be paid in the first instance  by  the
  party  appealing.  In  their  final decision, they shall determine which
  party shall pay the costs and expenses of the suit and of the appeal.
2023 New York Laws › IND - Indian › Article 4 - The Seneca Indians › 52 - Enforcement of Judgments.

§  52.  Enforcement  of judgments.   If any party shall fail to comply
  with, or fulfil the directions or finding  of  the  peacemakers  in  any
  matter  heard or determined by them in pursuance of law, within the time
  fixed by such determination, the party in whose favor such determination
  may be, shall be entitled to recover the amount awarded to him, by  such
  determination  with  costs,  in  an action in justice's court before any
  justice of the peace of the county in which such reservation or  a  part
  thereof  is  situated,  in  which  action,  a copy of the record of such
  determination, certified to by said clerk, shall be conclusive  evidence
  of  the  right  of  recovery,  and  of  the amount of such recovery, and
  executions shall be awarded to enforce the collection  of  the  judgment
  obtained  thereon in the same manner and with the like effect as against
  white persons, and the property and person  of  the  defendant  in  such
  action  shall  be liable to seizure and sale or imprisonment, as in like
  cases against white persons.  In case the action or  proceeding  is  one
  not  within the jurisdiction of justice's courts, the application may be
  made to a court having jurisdiction of actions of the same nature.
2023 New York Laws › IND - Indian › Article 4 - The Seneca Indians › 53 - The Marshal.

§  53. The marshal.  The marshal shall execute all orders, summons and
  process issued or given to  him  by  the  peacemakers  or  any  tribunal
  created  according  to  the  provisions  of  this  chapter, and shall be
  entitled to receive for his services the same fees as are allowed by law
  to constables in courts held by justices of the peace.
2023 New York Laws › IND - Indian › Article 4 - The Seneca Indians › 55 - Allotment of Lands.

§  55.  Allotment  of  lands.    All  lands  on  either  the Allegany,
  Cattaraugus or Tonawanda reservations, except such as have been allotted
  by the national council,  or  lands  on  the  Allegany  and  Cattaraugus
  reservations,  appropriated,  cultivated  and  improved  by an Indian or
  Indian family or the heirs thereof, in  accordance  with  the  laws  and
  usages  of  the Seneca nation, or lands on the Tonawanda reservation, to
  which the possessors have become entitled in pursuance of law without an
  allotment, shall be held in common by the Seneca and Tonawanda  nations,
  respectively,  and be subject to the control of the council thereof. The
  common land shall not be appropriated by  any  Indian  to  his  own  use
  without  the consent of the council, who shall, on application, allot to
  any Indian or Indian family, so much of the common lands as  they  shall
  deem  reasonable  and  an equitable proportion in reference to the whole
  number not possessing land. A description of the land desired  shall  be
  submitted  to  the council.  Upon the approval of the council, certified
  by the presiding officer and clerk  thereof,  such  description  may  be
  recorded  in  the clerk's book of records. A description of lands on the
  Tonawanda reservation, appropriated,  cultivated  and  improved  by  any
  Indian  or Indian family or the heirs thereof, after November fifteenth,
  eighteen hundred and forty-seven, may be recorded at  any  time  in  the
  clerk's  book  of  records.    The  possessors of lands on the Allegany,
  Cattaraugus  and  Tonawanda  reservations,  descriptions  of  which  are
  recorded,  shall,  from  the  time  of  recording  only,  be entitled to
  maintain suits for encroachment or trespass thereon.
2023 New York Laws › IND - Indian › Article 4 - The Seneca Indians › 56 - Trees and Timber on Reservations.

§  56.  Trees  and timber on reservations.  Except as provided by this
section, no person shall cut, remove, cause to be removed or  assist  in
removing  from  the  Allegany, Cattaraugus or Tonawanda reservations any
wood, trees or timber thereon, nor shall any Indian sell or  dispose  of
any  timber or trees on such reservations, or any manufacture therefrom;
and every such sale or disposition shall be void. Except as provided  in
this  section,  any  person who shall cut, remove or cause to be removed
from any such reservations, or any Indian who shall sell or  dispose  of
any  trees  or  timber  thereon,  or any manufacture therefrom, shall be
liable to a penalty of twice the value of such property, recoverable for
the benefit of the nation occupying the reservation. An Indian  residing
on  the Allegany or Cattaraugus reservation, may sell or dispose of, for
his own benefit, any trees or timber, or the manufacture thereof, on any
wild lands allotted to or entered by him; and, upon obtaining  a  permit
from the council, signed by the presiding officer and clerk thereof, may
manufacture  shingles  or  staves  from  any trees or timber on any wild
lands of the nation not allotted to or entered by any other Indian,  and
may  dispose of the same for his own benefit. Any member of the Allegany
or Cattaraugus reservation may sell logs from land  to  which  he  holds
title. The council of the Seneca nation may sell or dispose of any trees
or  timber on the wild lands of the Allegany or Cattaraugus reservation,
and the proceeds of such sale or disposition shall be for the benefit of
such nation.
(a) Any member of the Tonawanda nation may cut timber on any  land  on
the  Tonawanda  reservation  to which he holds title by allotment solely
for the purposes of manufacture of shingles, lumber and boards  for  the
construction,  erection  and  repair of buildings which such member owns
situate upon said reservation and  for  firewood  for  himself  and  his
family, and, upon obtaining a written permit, from the council of chiefs
of  said  nation,  granted  only  by  resolution  thereof, signed by the
presiding officer and clerk thereof, may cut timber only on such part of
the common unallotted land of the  Tonawanda  reservation  and  in  such
quantity  as  shall be specifically designated by such council of chiefs
by such resolution and described in said permit, solely for the purposes
of manufacture of shingles, lumber  and  boards  for  the  construction,
erection  and  repair  of  buildings which such member owns situate upon
such reservation, and for firewood for himself and his family. No person
not a member of the Tonawanda nation shall be employed by any Indian  in
cutting any timber on the Tonawanda reservation.
2023 New York Laws › IND - Indian › Article 4 - The Seneca Indians › 57 - Offering or Giving Bribes Prohibited.

§  57.  Offering  or giving bribes prohibited.  Every person who shall
  promise, offer or give, or cause, or aid,  or  abet  in  causing  to  be
  promised, offered or given, or furnish, or agree to furnish, in whole or
  in  part,  to  the  president  or to any councilor, peacemaker, or other
  officer of the Seneca nation of Indians,  any  money,  goods,  right  in
  action,  or  other  property  or any thing of value, or any pecuniary or
  other individual advantage,  present  or  prospective,  with  intent  to
  influence  his  vote,  opinions,  judgment or action, upon any question,
  matter, cause or proceeding which may be  pending,  or  may  be  brought
  before  him  in  his  official capacity, shall, upon such conviction, be
  imprisoned in the state prison not exceeding five  years,  or  shall  be
  fined  not exceeding one thousand dollars, or both, in the discretion of
  the court.