2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 35. Corporations, Partnerships, and Associations › Chapter 4. Montana Professional Corporation Act › Part 3. Shares and Shareholders › 35-4-311. Death or disqualification of a shareholder

35-4-311. Death or disqualification of a shareholder.
(1) Upon the death of a shareholder of a professional corporation or if a shareholder of a professional corporation becomes a disqualified person or if shares of a professional corporation are transferred by operation of law or court decree to a disqualified person, the shares may be transferred to a qualified person and if not so transferred must be purchased or redeemed by the corporation to the extent that the corporation has funds legally available for the purchase.
(2) If the share price is not fixed by the articles of incorporation or bylaws of the corporation or by private agreement, the corporation must within 6 months after the death or 30 days after the disqualification or transfer to a disqualified person make a written offer to pay for the shares at a specified price considered by the corporation to be the fair value as of the date of death, disqualification, or transfer. The offer must be given to the personal representative of the estate of a deceased shareholder or to the disqualified shareholder or transferee and must be accompanied by both a balance sheet of the corporation as of the latest available date and not more than 12 months prior to the offer and a profit and loss statement of the corporation for the 12-month period ending on the date of the balance sheet.
(3) If the fair value of the shares is agreed upon within 30 days after the date of the written offer, payment must be made within 60 days after the date of the offer or within another period that the parties fix by agreement and upon surrender of the certificate or certificates representing the shares. Upon payment the transferor ceases to have any interest in the shares.
(4) If the fair value is not agreed upon within 30 days after the date of the written offer, the corporation shall within the next 30 days file a petition in the district court of the county in this state where the principal office of the corporation is located or, if the principal office is not located in this state, in Lewis and Clark County, requesting that the fair value of the shares be found and determined. If the corporation fails or refuses to institute the proceeding, the disqualified person may do so. The disqualified person must be made a party to a proceeding brought by the corporation, and a copy of the petition must be served on the disqualified person if a resident of this state and must be served by certified mail if a nonresident. Service on nonresidents must also be made by publication as provided by law. The jurisdiction of the court is plenary and exclusive. The disqualified person is entitled to judgment against the corporation for the fair value of the person's shares as of the date of death, disqualification, or transfer and upon payment of the judgment shall surrender to the corporation the certificates representing the shares. The court may order that judgment be paid in installments determined by the court and may appoint one or more persons as appraisers to receive evidence and recommend a decision on the question of fair value.
(5) The judgment must include interest from the date of death, disqualification, or transfer, at a rate the court finds equitable under the circumstances.
(6) The costs and expenses of a proceeding must be determined by the court and either assessed against the corporation or assessed as the court considers equitable if the court finds that an agreed share value was not reached because the disqualified person was arbitrary or vexatious or did not act in good faith. Expenses include reasonable compensation for and expenses of the appraisers, but do not include fees and expenses of counsel for and experts employed by any party, except that if the court determines that the fair value of shares materially exceeds the amount the corporation offered or if no offer was made, the court may award to the disqualified person reasonable compensation for any expert employed by the disqualified person.
(7) If a purchase, redemption, or transfer of shares is not completed within 10 months after the death of the deceased shareholder or 5 months after the disqualification or transfer, the corporation shall cancel the shares on its books and the disqualified person has no further interest as a shareholder other than the right under this section to payment for the shares.
(8) Shares acquired by a corporation upon payment of their agreed value or payment of a judgment decreeing their fair value may be held and disposed of as in the case of other treasury shares.
(9) This section does not apply to shares of a disqualified person if the period of disqualification is less than 5 months.
(10) Any provision regarding purchase, redemption, or transfer of shares of a professional corporation contained in the articles of incorporation, the bylaws, or any private agreement is specifically enforceable in the courts of this state.
(11) This section does not prevent or relieve a professional corporation from paying pension benefits or other deferred compensation for services rendered to or on behalf of a former shareholder as otherwise permitted by law.
History: En. Sec. 16, Ch. 399, L. 1983; amd. Sec. 54, Ch. 240, L. 2007.