Mississippi Code 1972 (2023) › Title 49 - CONSERVATION AND ECOLOGY (§§ 49-NEW-001 — 49-39-7) › Chapter 17 - POLLUTION OF WATERS, STREAMS, AND AIR (§§ 49-17-1 — 49-17-775) › IN GENERAL (§§ 49-17-1 — 49-17-45) › Section 49-17-43 - Penalties

(1)
Any person found by the commission violating any of the provisions of Sections
49-17-1
through
49-17-43
, or any rule or regulation or written order of the commission in pursuance thereof or any condition or limitation of a permit, except a permit required under the Solid Wastes Disposal Law of 1974 (Sections
17-17-1
through
17-17-47
), shall be subject to a civil penalty of not more than Twenty-five Thousand Dollars ($25,000.00), for each violation, such penalty to be assessed and levied by the commission after a hearing as provided hereinabove. Appeals from the imposition of the civil penalty may be taken to the chancery court in the same manner as appeals from orders of the commission. If the appellant desires to stay the execution of a civil penalty assessed by the commission, he shall give bond with sufficient resident sureties of one or more guaranty or surety companies authorized to do business in this state, payable to the State of Mississippi, in an amount equal to double the amount of any civil penalty assessed by the commission, as to which the stay of execution is desired, conditioned, if the judgment shall be affirmed, to pay all costs of the assessment entered against the appellant. Each day upon which a violation occurs shall be deemed a separate and additional violation.
Any person violating any provision of the Solid Wastes Disposal Law of 1974 (Sections
17-17-1
through
17-17-47
), any rule or regulation made pursuant to that law, or any order issued by the commission under the authority of that law shall be subject to the penalties provided in Section
17-17-29
.
(2)
In lieu of, or in addition to, the penalty provided in subsection (1) of this section, the commission shall have power to institute and maintain in the name of the state any and all proceedings necessary or appropriate to enforce the provisions of Sections
49-17-1
through
49-17-43
, rules and regulations in force pursuant thereto, and orders and permits made and issued under those sections, in the appropriate circuit, chancery, county or justice court of the county in which venue may lie. The commission may obtain mandatory or prohibitory injunctive relief, either temporary or permanent, and in cases of imminent and substantial hazard or endangerment as set forth in Section
49-17-27
, it shall not be necessary in such cases that the state plead or prove:
(a)
that irreparable damage would result if the injunction did not issue;
(b)
that there is no adequate remedy at law; or
(c)
that a written complaint or commission order has first been issued for the alleged violation.
(3)
Any person who violates any of the provisions of, or fails to perform any duty imposed by, Sections
49-17-1
through
49-17-43
or any rule or regulation issued hereunder, or who violates any order or determination of the commission promulgated pursuant to such sections, and causes the death of fish or other wildlife shall be liable, in addition to the penalties provided in subsections (1) and (2) of this section, to pay to the state an additional amount equal to the sum of money reasonably necessary to restock such waters or replenish such wildlife as determined by the commission after consultation with the Mississippi Commission on Wildlife, Fisheries and Parks. Such amount may be recovered by the commission on behalf of the state in a civil action brought in the appropriate county or circuit court of the county in which venue may lie.
(4)
Any person who owns or operates facilities which, through misadventure, happenstance or otherwise, cause pollution necessitating immediate remedial or clean-up action shall be liable for the cost of such remedial or clean-up action and the commission may recover the cost of same by a civil action brought in the circuit court of the county in which venue may lie. This penalty may be recovered in lieu of or in addition to the penalties provided in subsections (1), (2) and (3) of this section.
In the event of the necessity for immediate remedial or clean-up action, the commission may contract for same and advance funds from the Pollution Emergency Fund to pay the costs thereof, such advancements to be repaid to the Pollution Emergency Fund upon recovery by the commission as provided above.
(5)
It is unlawful for any person to:
(a)
discharge pollutants in violation of Section
49-17-29
or in violation of any condition or limitation included in a permit issued under Section
49-17-29
or
(b)
introduce pollutants into publicly owned treatment works in violation of pretreatment standards or in violation of toxic effluent standards; and, upon conviction thereof, such person shall be punished by a fine of not less than Two Thousand Five Hundred Dollars ($2,500.00) nor more than Twenty-five Thousand Dollars ($25,000.00) per day of violation.
(6)
All fines, penalties and other sums recovered or collected by the commission for and in behalf of the state under this section shall be deposited in the Pollution Emergency Fund established under this chapter, and the commission is authorized to receive and accept, from any funds and all available sources whatsoever, additional funds to be deposited in such fund and expended for the purpose of remedial, clean-up or abatement actions involving pollution of the land, air or waters of the state in violation of Sections
49-17-1
through
49-17-43
, any rule or regulation or written order of the commission in pursuance thereof, or any condition or limitation of a permit.
(7)
In determining the amount of any penalty under this chapter, the commission shall consider at a minimum:
(a)
The willfulness of the violation;
(b)
Any damage to air, water, land or other natural resources of the state or their uses;
(c)
Costs of restoration and abatement;
(d)
Economic benefit as a result of noncompliance;
(e)
The seriousness of the violation, including any harm to the environment and any hazard to the health, safety and welfare of the public;
(f)
Past performance history; and
(g)
Whether the noncompliance was discovered and reported as the result of a voluntary self-evaluation. If a person discovers as a result of a voluntary self-evaluation, information related to noncompliance with an environmental law and voluntarily discloses that information to the department, commission or any employee thereof, the commission shall, to the greatest extent possible, reduce a penalty, if any, determined by the commission, except for economic benefit as a result of noncompliance, to a de minimis amount if all of the following are true:
(i)
The disclosure is made promptly after knowledge of the information disclosed is obtained by the person;
(ii)
The person making the disclosure initiates the appropriate corrective actions and pursues those corrective actions with due diligence;
(iii)
The person making the disclosure cooperates with the commission and the department regarding investigation of the issues identified in the disclosure;
(iv)
The person is not otherwise required by an environmental law to make the disclosure to the commission or the department;
(v)
The information was not obtained through any source independent of the voluntary self-evaluation or by the department through observation, sampling or monitoring;
(vi)
The noncompliance did not result in a substantial endangerment threatening the public health, safety or welfare or the environment; and
(vii)
The noncompliance is not a repeat violation occurring at the same facility within a period of three (3) years. "Repeat violation" in this subparagraph means a second or subsequent violation, after the first violation has ceased, of the same statutory provision, regulation, permit condition, or condition in an order of the commission.
(8)
Any provisions of this section and chapter regarding liability for the costs of cleanup, removal, remediation or abatement of any pollution, hazardous waste or solid waste shall be limited as provided in Section
49-17-42
and rules adopted thereto.
Codes, 1942, § 7106-127; Laws, 1966, ch. 258, § 17; Laws, 1972, ch. 505, § 14; Laws, 1973, ch. 402, § 1; Laws, 1977, ch. 327, § 10; Laws, 1981, ch. 528, § 18; Laws, 1988, ch. 311, § 4; Laws, 1991, ch. 334, § 2; Laws, 1995, ch. 627, § 6; Laws, 2003, ch. 301, § 2, eff. 1/20/2003.