reglab/statecodes huggingface dataset:
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 480 - 494 — Judiciary › Chapter 480A — Court Of Appeals › Section 480A.01 — Court Of Appeals.

480A.01 COURT OF APPEALS.
Subdivision 1.
One court.
There shall be one court of appeals.
Subd. 2.
Temporary number of judges.
On November 1, 1983, the court of appeals shall consist of six judges. On April 1, 1984, an additional six judges shall be added.
Subd. 3.
Establishing number of judges.
By January 15, 1985, the state court administrator shall certify to the governor, the president of the senate, and the speaker of the house, the number of appeals filed in the court of appeals in 1984. By January 15 of the odd year, the state court administrator shall certify to the governor, the president of the senate, and the speaker of the house the average number of appeals filed in the court of appeals in each of the preceding two calendar years.
History:
1982 c 501 s 3; 1983 c 247 s 168; 1983 c 301 s 216; 1990 c 594 art 1 s 75
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 480 - 494 — Judiciary › Chapter 480A — Court Of Appeals › Section 480A.03 — Chief Judge.

480A.03 CHIEF JUDGE.
Subdivision 1.
Election; term; removal.
The governor shall designate one of the judges of the court of appeals to be chief judge for a term of three years. Vacancies in the office of chief judge shall be filled for the remainder of the unexpired term.
The chief judge may be reappointed. If the chief judge ceases to be a judge of the court of appeals, the office of chief judge also becomes vacant.
Subd. 2.
Administrative authority.
The chief judge, subject to the authority of the chief justice, shall exercise general administrative authority over the court. The chief judge shall make assignments of judges to serve on the panels of the court and shall designate the places at which the panels will hear arguments.
History:
1982 c 501 s 5
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 480 - 494 — Judiciary › Chapter 480A — Court Of Appeals › Section 480A.04 — Clerk Of Court.

480A.04 CLERK OF COURT.
The clerk of the appellate courts shall serve as clerk of the supreme court and the court of appeals. The state court administrator may direct the district administrators and clerks of court to provide facilities and support services for the court of appeals.
History:
1982 c 501 s 6; 1983 c 247 s 170
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 480 - 494 — Judiciary › Chapter 480A — Court Of Appeals › Section 480A.06 — Jurisdiction.

480A.06 JURISDICTION.
Subdivision 1.
Final decisions.
The court of appeals has jurisdiction of appeals from all final decisions of the trial courts, other than the conciliation courts, of the state of Minnesota, except that it shall not have jurisdiction of appeals in legislative or statewide election contests or criminal appeals in cases in which the defendant has been convicted of murder in the first degree.
Subd. 2.
Interlocutory decisions.
The court of appeals shall have jurisdiction of interlocutory appeals and other matters as may be prescribed in the Rules of Appellate Procedure.
Subd. 3.
Certiorari review.
The court of appeals shall have jurisdiction to issue writs of certiorari to all agencies, public corporations and public officials, except the Tax Court and the Workers' Compensation Court of Appeals. The court of appeals shall have jurisdiction to review decisions of the commissioner of employment and economic development, pursuant to section 268.105.
Subd. 4.
Administrative review.
The court of appeals shall have jurisdiction to review on the record the validity of administrative rules, as provided in sections 14.44 and 14.45, and the decisions of administrative agencies in contested cases, as provided in sections 14.63 to 14.69.
Subd. 5.
Ancillary jurisdiction.
The court of appeals shall have jurisdiction to issue all writs and orders necessary in aid of its jurisdiction with respect to cases pending before it and for the enforcement of its judgments or orders.
History:
1982 c 424 s 130; 1982 c 501 s 8; 1983 c 247 s 171; 1985 c 165 s 1; 1Sp1985 c 14 art 9 s 75; 1987 c 200 s 3; 1994 c 483 s 1; 1996 c 305 art 1 s 110; 2004 c 206 s 52
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 480 - 494 — Judiciary › Chapter 480A — Court Of Appeals › Section 480A.07 — Transfer Of Cases.

480A.07 TRANSFER OF CASES.
In any case in which the court determines that further findings of fact are required, the court shall transfer the case to the appropriate district court, which shall have jurisdiction to hear and determine it. Appeal may be taken to the court of appeals as in other cases.
History:
1982 c 501 s 9
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 480 - 494 — Judiciary › Chapter 480A — Court Of Appeals › Section 480A.08 — Decision Of The Court.

480A.08 DECISION OF THE COURT.
Subdivision 1.
Decision of cases.
Each case shall be submitted to a panel of at least three judges. The decision of a majority of the judges to which it is submitted shall be the decision of the court.
Subd. 2.
Assignment of judges to panels.
In assigning judges to panels, the chief judge shall rotate assignments, so that as nearly as practicable, each judge serves a proportionate time with every other judge. The chief judge shall also rotate assignments to various locations for hearings.
Subd. 3.
Decisions.
(a) A decision shall be rendered in every case within 90 days after oral argument or after the final submission of briefs or memoranda by the parties, whichever is later. The chief justice or the chief judge may waive the 90-day limitation for any proceeding before the court of appeals for good cause shown. In every case, the decision of the court, including any written opinion containing a summary of the case and a statement of the reasons for its decision, shall be indexed and made readily available.
(b) The decision of the court need not include a written opinion. A statement of the decision without a written opinion must not be officially published and must not be cited as precedent, except as law of the case, res judicata, or collateral estoppel.
Subd. 4.
Interlocutory matters.
The Rules of Appellate Procedure may provide for the decision of interlocutory or procedural matters by a single judge.
History:
1982 c 501 s 10; 1983 c 247 s 172; 1987 c 404 s 182; 1989 c 335 art 1 s 256; 2020 c 82 s 3
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 480 - 494 — Judiciary › Chapter 480A — Court Of Appeals › Section 480A.09 — Place Of Hearing Oral Argument.

480A.09 PLACE OF HEARING ORAL ARGUMENT.
Subdivision 1.
Appeals.
Oral argument in appeals from trial courts shall be heard:
(a) In appeals from trial courts in Hennepin and Ramsey Counties, at a session of the court of appeals in Hennepin or Ramsey County.
(b) In appeals from trial courts in other counties, at a session of the court of appeals in the judicial district in which the county is located.
Subd. 2.
Certiorari.
Oral arguments on writs of certiorari to review decisions of the unemployment law judges in the Department of Employment and Economic Development shall be heard as provided in this subdivision:
(1) if the applicant for benefits is a real party in interest in the proceedings and resides in Hennepin or Ramsey County, in one of those counties;
(2) if the applicant for benefits is a real party in interest in the proceedings and resides elsewhere in the state, in the judicial district of the applicant's residence;
(3) otherwise, at a place as designated by the appellate administrator.
Subd. 3.
Validity of rules.
Oral arguments on petitions to review the validity of administrative rules pursuant to section 14.44 shall be in Hennepin or Ramsey County.
Subd. 4.
Petitions for review.
Oral arguments on petitions to review decisions of administrative agencies in contested cases, pursuant to sections 14.63 to 14.68 shall be heard:
(1) if the petitioner resides outside of Hennepin and Ramsey Counties, but within Minnesota, either at the session of the court of appeals in Hennepin or Ramsey County, or at a session of the court of appeals in the judicial district in which the petitioner resides, as designated by the petitioner in the petition for review;
(2) if the petitioner resides in Hennepin or Ramsey Counties, or outside of Minnesota, at a session of the court of appeals in Hennepin or Ramsey County.
Subd. 5.
Other cases.
In all other cases, any oral argument shall be heard at a session of the court in Hennepin or Ramsey County.
Subd. 6.
Change of place of hearing.
By agreement of the parties and with the approval of the appellate administrator, a case may be heard at a location other than that provided in this section. The Rules of Appellate Procedure may provide for change of the place of hearing upon motion of any party and a showing of good cause.
Subd. 7.
Cases without oral argument.
The Rules of Appellate Procedure may provide for the submission of certain cases or classes of cases without oral arguments.
History:
1982 c 424 s 130; 1982 c 501 s 11; 1Sp1985 c 14 art 9 s 75; 1994 c 483 s 1; 2004 c 206 s 52; 2015 c 21 art 1 s 93
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 480 - 494 — Judiciary › Chapter 480A — Court Of Appeals › Section 480A.10 — Further Review In Supreme Court.

480A.10 FURTHER REVIEW IN SUPREME COURT.
Subdivision 1.
After decision in court of appeals.
The supreme court may grant further review of any decision of the court of appeals upon the petition of any party. In determining whether to grant such a petition, the supreme court should take into consideration whether the question presented is an important one upon which the court has not, but should rule, whether the court of appeals has held a statute to be unconstitutional, whether the court of appeals has decided a question in direct conflict with an applicable precedent of the supreme court, or whether the lower courts have so far departed from the accepted and usual course of justice as to call for an exercise of the court's supervisory powers. The supreme court shall issue its decision whether to grant a petition for review within 60 days of the date the petition is filed.
Subd. 2.
Before decision in court of appeals.
(a) The supreme court may grant accelerated review of any case pending in the court of appeals upon the petition of any party. The supreme court shall establish rules for petitions. The petition should be granted only upon a showing that the case is of such imperative public importance as to justify the deviation from normal appellate processes and to require immediate settlement in the supreme court. Making a petition for accelerated review does not stay proceedings or extend time in the court of appeals. If accelerated review is granted, the case shall be transferred to the supreme court without decision in the court of appeals.
(b) Upon its own motion or upon the certification of the court of appeals, the supreme court may provide for accelerated review of any case if (1) the question presented is an important one upon which the court has not, but should rule, (2) the lower courts have held a statute to be unconstitutional, or (3) the lower courts have so far departed from the accepted and usual course of justice as to call for an exercise of the court's supervisory powers.
Subd. 3.
Rules.
The Rules of Appellate Procedure shall prescribe the form for petitions for further or accelerated review, and the time for filing them.
History:
1982 c 501 s 12
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 480 - 494 — Judiciary › Chapter 480A — Court Of Appeals › Section 480A.11 — Rules.

480A.11 RULES.
The supreme court may adopt Rules of Appellate Procedure governing the proceedings before itself and before the court of appeals and regulating appellate practice. The court of appeals may adopt supplementary rules not in conflict with the Rules of Appellate Procedure.
History:
1982 c 501 s 13
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 480 - 494 — Judiciary › Chapter 481 — Attorneys-at-law › Section 481.01 — Board Of Law Examiners; Examinations; Alternative Dispute Fees.

481.01 BOARD OF LAW EXAMINERS; EXAMINATIONS; ALTERNATIVE DISPUTE FEES.
The supreme court shall, by rule from time to time, prescribe the qualifications of all applicants for admission to practice law in this state, and shall appoint a Board of Law Examiners, which shall be charged with the administration of the rules and with the examination of all applicants for admission to practice law. The board shall consist of not less than three, nor more than seven, attorneys at law, who shall be appointed each for the term of three years and until a successor qualifies. The supreme court may fill any vacancy in the board for the unexpired term and in its discretion may remove any member of it. The board shall have a seal and shall keep a record of its proceedings, of all applications for admission to practice, and of persons admitted to practice upon its recommendation. At least two times a year the board shall hold examinations and report the result of them, with its recommendations, to the supreme court. Upon consideration of the report, the supreme court shall enter an order in the case of each person examined, directing the board to reject or to issue to the person a certificate of admission to practice. The board shall have such officers as may, from time to time, be prescribed and designated by the supreme court. The fee for examination shall be fixed, from time to time, by the supreme court. This fee, and any other fees which may be received pursuant to any rules the supreme court adopts governing the practice of law and court-related alternative dispute resolution practices shall be paid to the commissioner of management and budget and shall constitute a special fund in the state treasury which shall be exempt from section 16A.127. The money in this fund is appropriated annually to the supreme court for the payment of compensation and expenses of the members of the Board of Law Examiners and for otherwise regulating the practice of law. The money in the fund shall never cancel. Payments from it shall be made by the commissioner of management and budget upon vouchers signed by one of the justices of the supreme court. The members of the board shall have compensation and allowances for expenses as may, from time to time, be fixed by the supreme court.
History:
(5685) RL s 2278; 1921 c 161 s 1; 1953 c 167 s 1; 1959 c 384 s 1; 1963 c 718 s 1; 1973 c 492 s 14; 1976 c 149 s 57; 1985 c 248 s 70; 1986 c 444; 1995 c 226 art 6 s 9; 1996 c 408 art 11 s 5; 2003 c 112 art 2 s 46; 2009 c 101 art 2 s 109
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 480 - 494 — Judiciary › Chapter 481 — Attorneys-at-law › Section 481.03 — Attorneys Shall Not Employ Solicitors.

481.03 ATTORNEYS SHALL NOT EMPLOY SOLICITORS.
No attorney at law shall, through any runner, agent or person not an attorney at law who is employed by the attorney, solicit a person to employ such attorney to present a claim for damages for personal injuries or for death, or to prosecute an action to enforce such a claim, and no attorney at law shall, directly or indirectly, give a promise to any such person other than an attorney at law any money, fee or commission in consideration of the employment of such attorney by a person having a claim for personal injuries or for death, or soliciting or procuring such person who has such claim to employ such attorney to present such claim or to prosecute an action for the enforcement thereof.
History:
(5687-5) 1929 c 289 s 1; 1986 c 444
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 480 - 494 — Judiciary › Chapter 481 — Attorneys-at-law › Section 481.04 — Soliciting Of Business By Persons Other Than Attorneys; Prohibition.

481.04 SOLICITING OF BUSINESS BY PERSONS OTHER THAN ATTORNEYS; PROHIBITION.
It shall be unlawful for any person not an attorney at law to solicit for money, fee or commission, in any manner whatsoever, any demand or claim for personal injuries or for death for the purpose of having an action brought thereon for the purpose of settling the same. Nothing in sections 481.03 to 481.05 shall be construed to prevent any bona fide labor organization or any member thereof from advising or securing advice for any member of such organization in regard to the member's rights.
History:
(5687-6) 1929 c 289 s 2; 1986 c 444
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 480 - 494 — Judiciary › Chapter 481 — Attorneys-at-law › Section 481.05 — Violations; Penalties.

481.05 VIOLATIONS; PENALTIES.
Subdivision 1.
Employing solicitors.
Any attorney at law who violates section 481.03 is guilty of a misdemeanor.
Subd. 2.
Soliciting of business.
Any person who violates section 481.04 is guilty of a misdemeanor.
History:
(5687-7) 1929 c 289 s 3; 2005 c 10 art 3 s 21
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 480 - 494 — Judiciary › Chapter 481 — Attorneys-at-law › Section 481.06 — General Duties.

481.06 GENERAL DUTIES.
Every attorney at law shall:
(1) observe and carry out the terms of the attorney's oath;
(2) maintain the respect due to courts of justice and judicial officers;
(3) counsel or maintain such causes only as appear to the attorney legal and just; but the attorney shall not refuse to defend any person accused of a public offense;
(4) employ, for the maintenance of causes confided to the attorney, such means only as are consistent with truth, and never seek to mislead the judges by any artifice or false statement of fact or law;
(5) keep inviolate the confidences of the attorney's client, abstain from offensive personalities, and advance no fact prejudicial to the honor or reputation of a party or witness, unless the justice of the cause requires it;
(6) encourage the commencement or continuation of no action or proceeding from motives of passion or interest; nor shall the attorney, for any personal consideration, reject the cause of the defenseless or oppressed.
History:
(5688) RL s 2281; 1986 c 444
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 480 - 494 — Judiciary › Chapter 481 — Attorneys-at-law › Section 481.07 — Penalties For Deceit Or Collusion.

481.07 PENALTIES FOR DECEIT OR COLLUSION.
An attorney who, with intent to deceive a court or a party to an action or judicial proceeding, is guilty of or consents to any deceit or collusion, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor; and, in addition to the punishment prescribed therefor, the attorney shall be liable to the party injured in treble damages. If the attorney permit any person other than a general law partner to begin, prosecute, or defend an action or proceeding in the attorney's name, the attorney giving such permission, and every person so using the name, shall forfeit $50 to the party against whom the action or proceeding is prosecuted or defended, recoverable in a civil action.
History:
(5689) RL s 2282; 1986 c 444
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 480 - 494 — Judiciary › Chapter 481 — Attorneys-at-law › Section 481.071 — Misconduct By Attorneys.

481.071 MISCONDUCT BY ATTORNEYS.
Every attorney or counselor at law who shall be guilty of any deceit or collusion, or shall consent thereto, with intent to deceive the court or any party, or who shall delay the attorney's client's suit with a view to the attorney's own gain, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and, in addition to the punishment prescribed by law therefor, shall forfeit to the party injured treble damages, to be recovered in a civil action.
History:
(10044) RL s 4856; 1986 c 444
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 480 - 494 — Judiciary › Chapter 481 — Attorneys-at-law › Section 481.08 — Authority.

481.08 AUTHORITY.
An attorney may bind a client, at any stage of an action or proceeding, by agreement made in open court or in the presence of the court administrator, and entered in the minutes by such court administrator, or made in writing and signed by such attorney. During any proceeding or action the attorney may receive money claimed therein by a client, and within six years after judgment, upon payment thereof, may discharge the claim or acknowledge satisfaction of the judgment; but all such authority shall cease upon the substitution of another attorney.
History:
(5690) RL s 2283; 1979 c 12 s 1; 1986 c 444; 1Sp1986 c 3 art 1 s 82
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 480 - 494 — Judiciary › Chapter 481 — Attorneys-at-law › Section 481.09 — Proof Of Authority.

481.09 PROOF OF AUTHORITY.
A court, upon motion and hearing, and when reasonable grounds are shown, may require any attorney to prove the attorney's authority to appear and, until such proof is made, may stay all proceedings by the attorney on behalf of the party the attorney assumes to represent. At any stage of the proceedings the court may relieve a party from the consequences of the unauthorized acts of an attorney and, upon motion, may summarily compel such attorney to repair any injury resulting therefrom.
History:
(5691) RL s 2284; 1986 c 444
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 480 - 494 — Judiciary › Chapter 481 — Attorneys-at-law › Section 481.10 — Consultation With Persons Restrained.

481.10 CONSULTATION WITH PERSONS RESTRAINED.
Subdivision 1.
Consultation.
All officers or persons having in their custody a person restrained of liberty, except in cases where imminent danger of escape or injury exists, shall admit any attorney retained by or on behalf of the person restrained, or whom the restrained person may desire to consult, to a private interview at the place of custody. Such custodians, upon request of the person restrained, as soon as practicable, and before other proceedings shall be had, shall notify the attorney of the request for a consultation with the attorney.
Subd. 2.
Telephone access in local correctional facilities.
Except as provided in subdivision 3 and except in cases where imminent danger of escape or injury exists, all officers or persons having in their custody a person restrained of liberty whether or not the person restrained has been charged, tried, or convicted, shall provide private telephone access to any attorney retained by or on behalf of the person restrained, or whom the restrained person may desire to consult at no charge to the attorney or to the person restrained. Reasonable telephone access under this subdivision shall be provided following the request of the person restrained and before other proceedings shall be had regarding the alleged offense causing custody.
Subd. 3.
Telephone access in state correctional facilities.
Except in cases where imminent danger of escape or injury exists, all officers or persons having in their custody a person restrained of liberty while serving an executed sentence in a state correctional facility, shall provide private telephone access to any attorney retained by or on behalf of the person restrained, or whom the restrained person may desire to consult at no charge to the attorney or to the person restrained. Telephone access under this subdivision shall be provided following the request of the person restrained and in accordance with policies adopted by the institution that meet constitutional requirements.
Subd. 4.
Criminal penalty.
(a) Except as provided in paragraph (b), whoever violates subdivision 1 or 2 is guilty of a misdemeanor and shall also forfeit $100 to the person aggrieved, to be recovered in a civil action.
(b) The penalties described in paragraph (a) do not apply to officers or persons having in their custody persons restrained of liberty while serving an executed sentence in a state correctional facility.
History:
(5692) RL s 2285; 1986 c 444; 1991 c 345 art 1 s 101; 1992 c 571 art 15 s 3; 2000 c 408 s 1
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 480 - 494 — Judiciary › Chapter 481 — Attorneys-at-law › Section 481.11 — Change Of Attorney.

481.11 CHANGE OF ATTORNEY.
The attorney in a civil action or proceeding may be changed at any time. When such change is made, written notice of the substitution of a new attorney shall be given to adverse parties; until such notice, they shall recognize the former attorney.
History:
(5693) RL s 2286; 1976 c 304 s 1
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 480 - 494 — Judiciary › Chapter 481 — Attorneys-at-law › Section 481.12 — Disability; Substitution.

481.12 DISABILITY; SUBSTITUTION.
When the sole attorney of a party to any action or proceeding in any court of record dies, becomes mentally incapacitated, or is removed or suspended, the party for whom the attorney appears shall appoint another attorney within ten days after the disability arises, and give immediate written notice of the substitution to the adverse party. If the party fails to make substitution within such time, the adverse party, at least 20 days before taking further proceedings against the party, shall give the party written notice to appoint another attorney. When, for any reason, the attorney for a party ceases to act, and the party has no known residence within the state, such notice may be served upon the court administrator. In case such party fails either to comply with the notice or appear in person within 30 days, the party shall not be entitled to notice of subsequent proceedings in the case.
History:
(5694) RL s 2287; 1986 c 444; 1Sp1986 c 3 art 1 s 82; 1990 c 426 art 1 s 51; 2013 c 59 art 3 s 8
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 480 - 494 — Judiciary › Chapter 481 — Attorneys-at-law › Section 481.14 — Refusal To Surrender Property To Clients.

481.14 REFUSAL TO SURRENDER PROPERTY TO CLIENTS.
When an attorney shall refuse to deliver money or papers to a person from or for whom the attorney has received them in the course of professional employment, the attorney may be required to do so, upon petition, by an order of court. Such order may be granted by the court in which the action was prosecuted, or, if no action was prosecuted, by the district court of the county where the attorney resides, or by the supreme court, and may require the attorney to make delivery within a time specified, or show cause why the attorney should not be punished for contempt. In the event an attorney shall retain money of a client under a claim of right, including a claim for fees and expenses, the court shall determine the amount, if any, due such attorney, and shall order that any surplus amount remaining after deduction thereof be surrendered to the client.
History:
(5696) RL s 2289; 1976 c 304 s 3; 1986 c 444
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 480 - 494 — Judiciary › Chapter 481 — Attorneys-at-law › Section 481.15 — Removal Or Suspension.

481.15 REMOVAL OR SUSPENSION.
Subdivision 1.
Causes.
An attorney at law may be removed or suspended by the supreme court for any one of the following causes arising after admission to practice:
(1) Upon being convicted of a felony, or of a misdemeanor involving moral turpitude, (in either of which cases the record of conviction shall be conclusive evidence). This clause shall not be construed to apply to a conviction for contempt of court;
(2) Upon a showing that the attorney has knowingly signed a frivolous pleading, or been guilty of any deceit or willful professional misconduct;
(3) For willful disobedience of an order of court requiring the attorney to do or forbear an act connected with or in the course of the attorney's profession;
(4) For a willful violation of the attorney's oath, or of any duty imposed upon an attorney by law.
Subd. 2.
Proceedings.
Proceedings in the cases may be taken by the supreme court on its own motion, for matter within its knowledge, or upon accusation. Accusations may be made to the clerk of the appellate courts and shall be investigated, prosecuted, heard and determined in accordance with rules made by the supreme court. The supreme court may refer any accusation to any person, and the person shall have all the powers of a referee under the Rules of Civil Procedure. Objections to the referee may be filed within ten days of the appointment and shall be heard and determined by the supreme court. The referee shall report the evidence and, if directed by the supreme court, shall make findings on it. Persons designated by the supreme court under the authority of this section shall be paid their necessary expenses and compensation fixed by the supreme court. Officers and witnesses necessarily employed or called by the prosecution shall receive the fees and mileage allowed by law. The supreme court shall fix a reasonable compensation for the reporter. All expenses, fees and compensation authorized shall be paid upon itemized vouchers approved by one of the justices of the supreme court.
Subd. 3.
[Repealed, 1981 c 356 s 377]
History:
(5697) RL s 2290; 1921 c 334 s 1; 1933 c 79; 1969 c 399 s 49; 1973 c 501 s 17; 1976 c 239 s 118; 1976 c 304 s 4; 1977 c 403 s 11; 1983 c 247 s 175; 1986 c 444
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 480 - 494 — Judiciary › Chapter 481 — Attorneys-at-law › Section 481.16 — Certain Attorneys Not To Defend Certain Prosecutions; Penalty.

481.16 CERTAIN ATTORNEYS NOT TO DEFEND CERTAIN PROSECUTIONS; PENALTY.
Every attorney who shall, directly or indirectly, advise in relation to, or aid or promote the defense of, any action or proceeding in any court, the prosecution of which shall be carried on, aided, or promoted by any person as county attorney or other public prosecutor with whom such attorney shall be, directly or indirectly, connected as partner, or who, having personally prosecuted or in any manner aided or promoted any action or proceeding in any court as county attorney or other public prosecutor, shall afterwards, directly or indirectly, advise in relation to, or take any part in, the defense thereof, as attorney or otherwise, or who shall take or receive any valuable consideration from or on behalf of any defendant in any such action, upon any understanding or agreement whatsoever, expressed or implied, having relation to the defense thereof, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor.
History:
(10519) RL s 5181; 1986 c 444
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 480 - 494 — Judiciary › Chapter 481 — Attorneys-at-law › Section 481.17 — County, City, And School District Attorneys.

481.17 COUNTY, CITY, AND SCHOOL DISTRICT ATTORNEYS.
In all counties in this state having a population of not more than 12,000, the offices of county attorney, city attorney, and school district attorney shall not be deemed incompatible and may be held by the same person. For the purposes of prosecution of violations of state laws, municipal ordinances, charter provisions, or municipal regulations, the offices of county attorney and city attorney shall not be deemed incompatible and may be held by the same person, regardless of the population of the county.
History:
1969 c 649 s 1; 1973 c 123 art 5 s 7; 1983 c 177 s 8
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 480 - 494 — Judiciary › Chapter 481 — Attorneys-at-law › Section 481.20 — Client Security Account.

481.20 CLIENT SECURITY ACCOUNT.
Fees received under rules or orders adopted by the supreme court governing a client security fund or account must be deposited in the state treasury and credited to a client security account. Investment income and investment losses attributable to investment of the client security account must be credited to the account. Money in the account is appropriated to the supreme court to pay the expenses of the client security board and claims approved by the board.
History:
1987 c 404 s 183
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 480 - 494 — Judiciary › Chapter 481 — Attorneys-at-law › Section 481.21 — Bond Counsel Fees.

481.21 BOND COUNSEL FEES.
An attorney-at-law performing services as bond counsel for the state, a state agency, or a political subdivision of the state shall be paid a fair and reasonable attorney's fee, based on the following factors:
(1) the time and labor required;
(2) the experience and knowledge of the attorney;
(3) the complexity and novelty of problems involved;
(4) the extent of the responsibilities assumed and the results obtained; and
(5) the sufficiency of assets properly available to pay for the services.
The fee must not be based primarily on a percentage of the amount of the bonds or obligations sold.
History:
1994 c 533 s 1
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 480 - 494 — Judiciary › Chapter 481 — Attorneys-at-law › Section 481.22 — Public Defender Fee.

481.22 PUBLIC DEFENDER FEE.
Subdivision 1.
Authorization.
(a) The supreme court, through the lawyer registration office, may assess a public defender fee on each licensed attorney in the state. If imposed, the fee must not be more than $75 or less than the civil legal services fee established by the supreme court in 1997 that licensed attorneys are required to pay pursuant to the rules of the supreme court on lawyer registration.
(b) The fee described in paragraph (a) may apply only to attorneys actively engaged in the practice of law.
Subd. 2.
Creation of account.
The public defender fee account is created in the special revenue fund. The state court administrator shall forward fees collected under subdivision 1 to the commissioner of management and budget who shall deposit them in the state treasury and credit them to this account. Money in the account is appropriated to the Board of Public Defense.
History:
2009 c 83 art 2 s 49; 2009 c 101 art 2 s 109
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 480 - 494 — Judiciary › Chapter 484 — District Courts › Section 484.01 — Jurisdiction.

484.01 JURISDICTION.
Subdivision 1.
General.
The district courts shall have original jurisdiction in the following cases:
(1) all civil actions within their respective districts;
(2) in all cases of crime committed or triable therein;
(3) in all special proceedings not exclusively cognizable by some other court or tribunal;
(4) in law and equity for the administration of estates of deceased persons and all guardianship and incompetency proceedings;
(5) the jurisdiction of a juvenile court as provided in chapter 260;
(6) proceedings for the management of the property of persons who have disappeared, and actions relating thereto, as provided in chapter 578; and
(7) in all other cases wherein such jurisdiction is especially conferred upon them by law.
They shall also have appellate jurisdiction in every case in which an appeal thereto is allowed by law from any other court, officer, or body.
Subd. 2.
Civil service reviews.
Notwithstanding any law to the contrary, the district court has jurisdiction to review a final decision or order of a civil service commission or board upon the petition of an employee or appointing authority in any first-class city. The employee and appointing authority have standing to seek judicial review in all these cases. Review of the decision or order may be had by securing issuance of a writ of certiorari within 60 days after the date of mailing notice of the decision to the party applying for the writ. To the extent possible, the provisions of rules 110, 111, and 115 of the Rules of Civil Appellate Procedure govern the procedures to be followed. Each reference in those rules to the court of appeals, the trial court, the trial court administrator, and the notice of appeal must be read, where appropriate, as a reference to the district court, the body whose decision is to be reviewed, to the administrator, clerk, or secretary of that body, and to the writ of certiorari, respectively. This subdivision does not alter or amend the application of sections 197.455 and 197.46, relating to veterans preference.
History:
(154) RL s 90; 1993 c 152 s 1; 2006 c 260 art 5 s 16; 2012 c 143 art 3 s 38
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 480 - 494 — Judiciary › Chapter 484 — District Courts › Section 484.012 — Court Administrator Of Probate Court, Second Judicial District.

484.012 COURT ADMINISTRATOR OF PROBATE COURT, SECOND JUDICIAL DISTRICT.
The judicial district administrator in the Second Judicial District may appoint a court administrator of the Probate Court for the district subject to the approval of the chief judge and assistant chief judge who shall serve at the pleasure of the judges of the district, and who shall be supervised by the judicial district administrator.
History:
1982 c 398 s 23; 1Sp1986 c 3 art 1 s 82; 2006 c 260 art 5 s 18; 2008 c 277 art 1 s 88
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 480 - 494 — Judiciary › Chapter 484 — District Courts › Section 484.014 — Housing Records; Expungement Of Eviction Information.

484.014 HOUSING RECORDS; EXPUNGEMENT OF EVICTION INFORMATION.
Subdivision 1.
Definitions.
For the purpose of this section, the following terms have the meanings given:
(1) "expungement" means the removal of evidence of the court file's existence from the publicly accessible records;
(2) "eviction case" means an action brought under sections 504B.281 to 504B.371; and
(3) "court file" means the court file created when an eviction case is filed with the court.
Subd. 2.
Discretionary expungement.
The court may order expungement of an eviction case court file if the court finds the expungement is clearly in the interests of justice and those interests are not outweighed by the public's interest in knowing about the record.
Subd. 3.
Mandatory expungement.
(a) Except for clause (6), the court shall, without motion by any party, order expungement of an eviction case:
(1) commenced solely on the grounds provided in section 504B.285, subdivision 1, clause (1), if the court finds that the defendant occupied real property that was subject to contract for deed cancellation or mortgage foreclosure and:
(i) the time for contract cancellation or foreclosure redemption has expired and the defendant vacated the property prior to commencement of the eviction action; or
(ii) the defendant was a tenant during the contract cancellation or foreclosure redemption period and did not receive a notice under section 504B.285, subdivision 1a, 1b, or 1c, to vacate on a date prior to commencement of the eviction case;
(2) if the defendant prevailed on the merits;
(3) if the court dismissed the plaintiff's complaint for any reason;
(4) if the parties to the action have agreed to an expungement;
(5) three years after the eviction was ordered; or
(6) upon motion of a defendant, if the case is settled and the defendant fulfills the terms of the settlement.
(b) If a tenant brings a motion for the expungement of an eviction, the court shall order the expungement of an eviction case that was commenced on the grounds of a violation of section 504B.171 or any other claim of breach regardless of when the original eviction was ordered, if the tenant could receive an automatic expungement under section 609A.055, or if the breach was based solely on the possession of marijuana or tetrahydrocannabinols.
History:
1999 c 199 art 1 s 74; 1999 c 229 s 1; 2008 c 174 s 1; 2010 c 315 s 1; 2023 c 52 art 19 s 117,118; 2023 c 63 art 6 s 54
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 480 - 494 — Judiciary › Chapter 484 — District Courts › Section 484.02 — Concurrent Jurisdiction; Boundary Waters.

484.02 CONCURRENT JURISDICTION; BOUNDARY WATERS.
For the purposes of exercising the concurrent jurisdiction of the courts of this state in civil and criminal cases arising upon rivers or other waters which constitute a common boundary to this and any adjoining state, the counties bordering upon such waters shall be deemed to include so much of the area thereof as would be included if the boundary lines of such counties were produced in the direction of their approach and extended to the opposite shore.
History:
(155) RL s 91
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 480 - 494 — Judiciary › Chapter 484 — District Courts › Section 484.03 — Writs.

484.03 WRITS.
Such courts shall have power to issue writs of injunction, ne exeat, certiorari, habeas corpus, mandamus, quo warranto, and all other writs, processes, and orders necessary to the complete exercise of the jurisdiction vested in them by law, including writs for the abatement of a nuisance. Any judge thereof may order the issuance of such writs, and direct as to their service and return.
History:
(156) RL s 92
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 480 - 494 — Judiciary › Chapter 484 — District Courts › Section 484.04 — Testing Writs.

484.04 TESTING WRITS.
Every writ or process issuing from a court of record shall be tested in the name of the presiding judge, be signed by the court administrator and sealed with the seal of the court, be dated on the day of its issue, and before delivery to the officer for service shall be endorsed by the court administrator with the name of the attorney or other person procuring the same; and, when no other time is fixed by law or authorized by the rules of practice, it shall be made returnable on the first day of the next succeeding term.
History:
(157) RL s 93; 1Sp1986 c 3 art 1 s 82
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 480 - 494 — Judiciary › Chapter 484 — District Courts › Section 484.06 — Judge Not To Practice Law.

484.06 JUDGE NOT TO PRACTICE LAW.
No judge of the district court shall practice as an attorney or counselor at law except in cases in which the judge is a party in interest, nor shall the judge receive any fees for legal or judicial services other than as prescribed by law; nor shall the judge be a partner of any practicing attorney in the business of the practicing attorney's profession.
History:
(159) RL s 95; 1986 c 444
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 480 - 494 — Judiciary › Chapter 484 — District Courts › Section 484.065 — Conflicts Of Interest; Certificate Of Compliance.

484.065 CONFLICTS OF INTEREST; CERTIFICATE OF COMPLIANCE.
Subdivision 1.
Practice of law prohibited.
A judge of the district court shall devote full time to the performance of duties and shall not practice as an attorney or counselor at law, nor be a partner of any practicing attorney in the business of the practicing attorney's profession, and the judge shall not engage in any business activities that will tend to interfere with or appear to conflict with the judge's judicial duties.
Subd. 2.
Salary payment.
No part of the salary of a judge of the district court shall be paid unless the voucher therefor be accompanied by a certificate of the judge indicating compliance with this section.
History:
Ex1971 c 32 s 23; 1986 c 444
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 480 - 494 — Judiciary › Chapter 484 — District Courts › Section 484.07 — Court Not Open Sunday; Exception.

484.07 COURT NOT OPEN SUNDAY; EXCEPTION.
No court shall be opened on Sunday for any purpose other than to receive a verdict, give additional instructions to or discharge a jury; but this provision shall not prevent a judge of such court from exercising jurisdiction in any case where it is necessary for the preservation of the peace, the sanctity of the day, or the arrest and commitment of an offender.
History:
(160) RL s 96; 1915 c 38 s 1
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 480 - 494 — Judiciary › Chapter 484 — District Courts › Section 484.08 — District Courts To Be Open At All Times; Terms.

484.08 DISTRICT COURTS TO BE OPEN AT ALL TIMES; TERMS.
The district courts of the state shall be deemed open at all times, except on legal holidays and Sundays. The terms of the district courts shall be continuous.
History:
(161) 1923 c 412 s 1; 1977 c 432 s 10
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 480 - 494 — Judiciary › Chapter 484 — District Courts › Section 484.30 — Adjourned And Special Terms.

484.30 ADJOURNED AND SPECIAL TERMS.
The judges of each district may adjourn court from time to time during any term thereof, and may appoint special terms for the trial of issues of law and fact, and, when necessary, direct petit juries to be drawn therefor. They may also appoint special terms for the hearing of all matters except issues of fact, the order for which shall be filed with the court administrator, and a copy posted in the court administrator's office for three weeks prior to the term.
History:
(178) RL s 99; 1979 c 233 s 4; 1984 c 543 s 68; 1986 c 444; 1Sp1986 c 3 art 1 s 82
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 480 - 494 — Judiciary › Chapter 484 — District Courts › Section 484.31 — Nonattendance Of Judge; Adjournment.

484.31 NONATTENDANCE OF JUDGE; ADJOURNMENT.
If the judge fails to attend on the day appointed for holding court, the sheriff or court administrator may open court and adjourn the same from day to day; but, if the judge does not appear by 4:00 p.m. of the third day, one of said officers shall adjourn the term without day, and dismiss the jurors; provided, that such court administrator or sheriff, upon the direction of the judge, and without the judge's presence, may adjourn any general or special term to a day certain, in which case the jurors, if any, shall attend on such day without further notice.
History:
(179) RL s 100; 1986 c 444; 1Sp1986 c 3 art 1 s 82
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 480 - 494 — Judiciary › Chapter 484 — District Courts › Section 484.32 — Failure To Hold Term Not To Affect Writs.

484.32 FAILURE TO HOLD TERM NOT TO AFFECT WRITS.
When any term of court is not held, all persons bound by recognizance or otherwise to appear thereat shall appear at the next general term thereof held in the county, or, if a special term be sooner held for the trial of civil and criminal causes, then at such special term. If the time for holding any such term be changed by adjournment or otherwise, all persons so bound shall appear at the term as changed. No process, proceeding, or writ shall abate or be discontinued by reason of any alteration in the time or place of holding court, or of any vacancy or change in the office of judge.
History:
(180) RL s 101
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 480 - 494 — Judiciary › Chapter 484 — District Courts › Section 484.33 — Rules Of Practice.

484.33 RULES OF PRACTICE.
The judges of the district court shall assemble annually, at such time and place as may be designated in a call for such meeting given by the district judge of the state longest in continuous service, to revise the General Rules of Practice in such courts, for which purpose any 18 of them shall constitute a quorum. When so assembled, such judges may revise and amend such rules as they deem expedient, conformably to law, and the same shall take effect from and after the publication thereof. Such rules, as the same shall be so revised and amended from time to time, shall govern all the district courts of the state; but, in furtherance of justice, they may be relaxed or modified in any case, or a party relieved from the effect thereof, on such terms as may be just. Any other proper business pertaining to the judiciary may also be transacted.
History:
(182) RL s 104; 1919 c 33
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 480 - 494 — Judiciary › Chapter 484 — District Courts › Section 484.35 — Temporary Courthouses.

484.35 TEMPORARY COURTHOUSES.
When the courthouse or place provided for holding court in any county is destroyed or becomes unsafe or unfit for the purpose, or if no courthouse be provided, the judges may designate a convenient place at the county seat for temporary use as such.
History:
(181) RL s 102
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 480 - 494 — Judiciary › Chapter 484 — District Courts › Section 484.36 — Terms For Naturalization.

484.36 TERMS FOR NATURALIZATION.
The judges may hold general or special terms of the court for the purpose of hearing applications for naturalization, in any place designated by them in the several counties of their respective districts.
History:
(181) RL s 102
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 480 - 494 — Judiciary › Chapter 484 — District Courts › Section 484.44 — Deputy Sheriff And Court Administrator; St. Louis County.

484.44 DEPUTY SHERIFF AND COURT ADMINISTRATOR; ST. LOUIS COUNTY.
There shall be at all times a chief deputy sheriff of St. Louis County and a chief deputy court administrator of the district court of St. Louis County and such other deputies as may be necessary, resident at the city of Virginia, or the city of Ely, or the city of Hibbing, and their appointment shall be made in the same manner as other deputy sheriffs and deputy clerks of the district court in said county. The salaries of such deputies shall be fixed and paid in the same manner as other such deputies. The office of said deputy sheriff at Virginia, Hibbing, and Ely shall not in any sense be considered or deemed the office of the sheriff for any purpose except the performance of duties relating solely to proceedings tried or to be tried at said places; but the office of the deputy court administrator at said places shall be equally deemed the office of the court administrator of court for all purposes except the filing of papers in actions or proceedings to be tried at Duluth. Marriage licenses and naturalization papers may be issued by said deputy court administrator.
History:
(166) 1909 c 126; 1911 c 368 s 1; 1915 c 93; 1915 c 371; 1917 c 255 s 2; 1921 c 284 s 1; 1931 c 160 s 1; 1973 c 123 art 5 s 7; 1986 c 444; 1Sp1986 c 3 art 1 s 82