reglab/statecodes huggingface dataset:
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 500 - 515B — Property And Property Interests › Chapter 507 — Recording And Filing Conveyances › Section 507.41 — Penalty For Failure To Discharge.

507.41 PENALTY FOR FAILURE TO DISCHARGE.
When any mortgagee, mortgagee's personal representative or assignee, upon full performance of the conditions of the mortgage, shall fail to discharge the same within ten days after being thereto requested and after tender of the mortgagee's reasonable charges therefor, that mortgagee shall be liable to the mortgagor, the mortgagor's heirs or assigns, for all actual damages thereby occasioned; and a claim for such damages may be asserted in an action for discharge of the mortgage. If the defendant be not a resident of the state, such action may be maintained upon the expiration of 60 days after the conditions of the mortgage have been performed, without such previous request or tender.
History:
(8235) RL s 3364; 1986 c 444
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 500 - 515B — Property And Property Interests › Chapter 507 — Recording And Filing Conveyances › Section 507.411 — Corporate Change Noted In Assignment, Satisfaction, Or Release.

507.411 CORPORATE CHANGE NOTED IN ASSIGNMENT, SATISFACTION, OR RELEASE.
When a change in the name or identity of a corporate mortgagee or assignee of the mortgagee is caused by or results from a merger, consolidation, amendment to charter or articles of incorporation, or conversion of articles of incorporation or charter from federal to state, from state to federal, or from one form of entity to another, a mortgage assignment, satisfaction, or release that is otherwise recordable and that specifies in the body of the instrument the merger, consolidation, amendment, or conversion event causing the change in name or identity is in recordable form. The assignment, satisfaction, or release is entitled to be recorded in the office of the county recorder or filed with the registrar of titles, without further evidence of corporate merger, consolidation, amendment, or conversion. For purposes of assigning, satisfying, or releasing the mortgage, the assignment, satisfaction, or release is prima facie evidence of the facts stated in it with respect to the corporate merger, consolidation, amendment, or conversion, and the county recorder and the registrar of titles shall rely upon it to assign, satisfy, or release the mortgage.
History:
1991 c 4 s 1; 1991 c 144 s 2; 1993 c 6 s 1; 1995 c 92 s 1
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 500 - 515B — Property And Property Interests › Chapter 507 — Recording And Filing Conveyances › Section 507.412 — Satisfaction Or Release By Fewer Than All Mortgagees.

507.412 SATISFACTION OR RELEASE BY FEWER THAN ALL MORTGAGEES.
A real estate mortgage securing an undivided debt owned by more than one mortgagee or assignee, including joint tenants, may be satisfied or released by an instrument executed by any one of the mortgagees or assigns unless the mortgage specifically states otherwise. The debt is presumed to be undivided unless the mortgage specifically states otherwise. This section does not affect the rights or liabilities of the holders of the debt secured by the mortgage as among themselves. Unless the mortgage specifically states otherwise, this section does not permit fewer than all of the holders of a mortgage to assign, amend, extend, or foreclose the mortgage, or to discharge the secured debt, as distinguished from satisfying or releasing the mortgage.
History:
1992 c 463 s 2
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 500 - 515B — Property And Property Interests › Chapter 507 — Recording And Filing Conveyances › Section 507.413 — Authority Of Mortgagee Designated As Nominee Or Agent.

507.413 AUTHORITY OF MORTGAGEE DESIGNATED AS NOMINEE OR AGENT.
(a) An assignment, satisfaction, release, or power of attorney to foreclose is entitled to be recorded in the office of the county recorder or filed with the registrar of titles and is sufficient to assign, satisfy, release, or authorize the foreclosure of a mortgage if:
(1) a mortgage is granted to a mortgagee as nominee or agent for a third party identified in the mortgage, and the third party's successors and assigns;
(2) a subsequent assignment, satisfaction, release of the mortgage, or power of attorney to foreclose the mortgage, is executed by the mortgagee or the third party, its successors or assigns; and
(3) the assignment, satisfaction, release, or power of attorney to foreclose is in recordable form.
The county recorder and registrar of titles shall rely upon this assignment, satisfaction, release, or power of attorney to foreclose to assign, satisfy, release, or foreclose the mortgage.
(b) This section applies to any mortgage, assignment, satisfaction, release, or power of attorney to foreclose executed, recorded, or filed before, on, or after August 1, 2004.
History:
2004 c 153 s 2
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 500 - 515B — Property And Property Interests › Chapter 507 — Recording And Filing Conveyances › Section 507.42 — Certain Deeds Validated.

507.42 CERTAIN DEEDS VALIDATED.
All deeds for the conveyance of real estate made and executed by a personal representative of the estate of a deceased person, pursuant to the order of any court of this state exercising probate jurisdiction authorizing and directing the making and execution of such instrument, where the execution thereof was otherwise valid, and in which instrument the description of the property conveyed does not correspond with the description set forth in the order of the court authorizing and directing the making and execution of such instrument, the same are hereby validated and legalized, and such conveyances are hereby made valid as to the property described in the order of the court authorizing and directing the making and execution of such instrument.
History:
1975 c 347 s 9; 1995 c 189 s 8; 1996 c 277 s 1
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 500 - 515B — Property And Property Interests › Chapter 507 — Recording And Filing Conveyances › Section 507.421 — Estates And Trusts; Conveyances, Satisfactions, Grants, And Releases.

507.421 ESTATES AND TRUSTS; CONVEYANCES, SATISFACTIONS, GRANTS, AND RELEASES.
Subdivision 1.
Made to estate or trust.
A conveyance or grant of an interest in real or personal property made to the estate of a decedent, to the estate of a ward or conservatee, to the ward's or conservatee's guardian or conservator, or to a trust, including a trust in the form of a pension or profit-sharing plan, that names the estate, the guardian, the conservator, or the trust as the grantee of the interest, is a valid and effective conveyance or grant to the personal representative, to the ward or conservatee, or to the trustee of the trust, in like manner and effect as if the personal representative, ward, conservatee, or trustee had been named the grantee of the conveyance or grant.
Subd. 2.
Made by estate or trust.
A satisfaction, release, conveyance, or grant of an interest in real or personal property that is made by an estate, a guardian, a conservator, or trust described in subdivision 1, that names the estate, the guardian, the conservator, or trust as the holder or grantor of the interest, and that is executed by the personal representative, ward, conservatee, or trustee authorized to execute the instrument, is a valid and effective satisfaction, release, conveyance, or grant of the interest, in like manner and effect as if the personal representative, guardian, conservator, or trustee had been named the holder or the grantor in the satisfaction, release, conveyance, or grant.
History:
1998 c 262 s 8; 1999 c 11 art 4 s 3
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 500 - 515B — Property And Property Interests › Chapter 507 — Recording And Filing Conveyances › Section 507.422 — Certain County Conveyances Validated.

507.422 CERTAIN COUNTY CONVEYANCES VALIDATED.
No deed of conveyance of real estate made by a county in this state that has been of record with the county recorder or registrar of titles for more than five years shall be held invalid or void for failure to comply with the requirements of section 373.01, subdivision 1, clause (4).
History:
2002 c 403 s 3
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 500 - 515B — Property And Property Interests › Chapter 507 — Recording And Filing Conveyances › Section 507.45 — Residential Real Estate Closings.

507.45 RESIDENTIAL REAL ESTATE CLOSINGS.
Subdivision 1.
By whom; fee authorized.
Residential real estate closing services may be provided and a fee charged by a licensed attorney, real estate broker, real estate salesperson, and real estate closing agent.
Subd. 2.
Notice of closing agent's fee.
No charge for closing services, except a charge disclosed under Regulation Z, Code of Federal Regulations, title 12, part 226, and except a charge for which an estimate has been given pursuant to the federal Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act, and regulations thereunder, may be made by a closing agent unless the party to be charged is informed of the charge in writing at least five business days before the closing by or on behalf of the party charging for the closing services.
Subd. 3.
Requirements for real estate personnel.
If the closing services are to be provided by a real estate broker, real estate salesperson, or real estate closing agent, the following regulations shall apply.
(a) The written contract for closing services shall state in at least 10-point type that the real estate broker, real estate salesperson, or real estate closing agent has not and, under applicable state law, may not express opinions regarding the legal effect of the closing documents or of the closing itself.
(b) No closing fee may be charged in connection with the transfer of the legal or equitable ownership of a property if a closing is performed without either a mortgagee's or owner's title insurance commitment or a legal opinion regarding the status of title.
Subd. 4.
Choice of closer; notice.
(a) No real estate salesperson, broker, attorney, auctioneer, builder, title agent, financial institution, or other person making a mortgage loan may require a person to use any particular licensed attorney, real estate broker, real estate salesperson, or real estate closing agent in connection with a residential real estate closing.
(b) All listing agreements must include a notice informing sellers of their rights under this subdivision. The notice must require the seller to indicate in writing whether it is acceptable to the seller to have the licensee arrange for closing services or whether the seller wishes to arrange for others to conduct the closing. The notice must also include the disclosure of any controlled business arrangement, as the term is defined in United States Code, title 12, section 1602, between the licensee and the real estate closing agent through which the licensee proposes to arrange closing services.
History:
1988 c 695 s 6; 1989 c 217 s 22; 1989 c 347 s 42; 1991 c 113 s 1; 1993 c 309 s 28; 2001 c 208 s 26; 2014 c 198 art 4 s 24
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 500 - 515B — Property And Property Interests › Chapter 507 — Recording And Filing Conveyances › Section 507.46 — Certificate Of Translation Of Documents In Foreign Languages.

507.46 CERTIFICATE OF TRANSLATION OF DOCUMENTS IN FOREIGN LANGUAGES.
Subdivision 1.
Form of certificate.
A county recorder or registrar of titles shall accept for recording a document that is not prepared in the English language, but is otherwise in recordable form, if there is appended to the non-English language document a translation of the document into the English language and a certificate of translation in substantially the following form:
CERTIFICATE OF TRANSLATION
State of Minnesota
County of .
I certify that the attached English language document is a complete and accurate translation of the attached document from the ................ language.
.
Signature of translator
.
Typed or printed name
.
Street Address
.
City, State, and Zip Code
.
Telephone number
.
Subscribed and sworn to before me this ....... day of ....................., 20.....
.
Notary public
Subd. 2.
Certificate as evidence.
Any certificate of translation recorded under subdivision 1, or a certified copy, is admissible as evidence in any action involving the instrument to which it relates or the title to the real estate affected by the instrument and is prima facie evidence of the facts stated in it.
History:
2002 c 403 s 4; 2008 c 238 art 3 s 14
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 500 - 515B — Property And Property Interests › Chapter 507 — Recording And Filing Conveyances › Section 507.47 — Creation Of Servitudes By Common Owner.

507.47 CREATION OF SERVITUDES BY COMMON OWNER.
An easement, condition, restriction, or other servitude that is imposed on real property by a recorded instrument and is not in violation of law or public policy, is valid notwithstanding the common ownership, when the easement, condition, restriction, or other servitude is imposed, of any of the real property burdened or benefited by the easement, condition, restriction, or other servitude. A conveyance of all or any portion of the real property includes the benefits and burdens of all easements, conditions, restrictions, or other servitudes validated under this section, except as provided by sections 500.20 and 541.023. The common law doctrine of merger, and not this section, applies whenever, after ownership of any of the real property is severed, all of the real property burdened or benefited by an easement, condition, restriction, or other servitude again is owned by a common owner.
History:
2001 c 50 s 1
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 500 - 515B — Property And Property Interests › Chapter 507 — Recording And Filing Conveyances › Section 507.48 — Bona Fide Purchasers Protected.

507.48 BONA FIDE PURCHASERS PROTECTED.
An express trust not declared in the disposition to the trustee or a constructive or resulting trust does not defeat the title of a purchaser from the trustee for value and without notice of the trust, or the rights of a creditor who extended credit to the trustee in reliance upon the trustee's apparent ownership of the trust property.
History:
2015 c 5 art 12 s 9
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 500 - 515B — Property And Property Interests › Chapter 507 — Recording And Filing Conveyances › Section 507.50 — Affidavit Of Custodian In Real Property Transactions.

507.50 AFFIDAVIT OF CUSTODIAN IN REAL PROPERTY TRANSACTIONS.
Subdivision 1.
Form of affidavit for custodianship.
An affidavit of a custodian or of custodians of a custodianship in support of a real property transaction may be substantially in the following form:
) ss.
.
.
Signature of Notary Public or Other Official
Notary Stamp or Seal
This instrument was drafted by:
.
.
Subd. 2.Effect.
An affidavit by the custodian or custodians under subdivision 1 is proof that:
(1) the custodianship described in the affidavit is a valid custodianship;
(2) either the custodianship has not terminated or been revoked or, if the custodianship has terminated or been revoked, the conveyance described in the affidavit is made pursuant to the provisions of the custodianship;
(3) the powers granted the custodian or custodians extend to the real property described in the affidavit or attachment to the affidavit;
(4) no amendment to the custodianship has been made limiting the power of the custodian or custodians to sell, convey, pledge, mortgage, lease, or transfer title to the real property described in the affidavit or attachment to the affidavit, if any;
(5) the requisite number of custodians have executed and delivered the instrument of conveyance described in the affidavit; and
(6) any necessary court approval of the transaction has been obtained.
The proof is conclusive as to any party relying on the affidavit, except a party dealing directly with the custodian or custodians who has actual knowledge of facts to the contrary.
Subd. 3.
Recording.
An Affidavit of Custodian or Custodians under subdivision 1 may be recorded in the office of the county recorder for any county or in the office of the registrar of titles for any county with respect to registered land described in the affidavit, or in the Certificate of Custodianship or Custodianship Instrument referred to in the affidavit, and may be recorded as a separate document or combined with or attached to an original or certified copy of a Certificate of Custodianship or Custodianship Instrument, and recorded as one document.
Subd. 4.
Application.
(a) Subdivisions 1 to 3 apply to custodianship instruments whenever created or executed.
(b) Subdivisions 1 to 3 apply only to custodianships established under a federal law or under a statute of this or any other state. Subdivisions 1 to 3 do not apply to custodianships governed by chapter 527 or by the similar laws of another state.
History:
2015 c 5 art 12 s 11
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 500 - 515B — Property And Property Interests › Chapter 508 — Registration Of Land › Section 508.01 — Registration.

508.01 REGISTRATION.
Real estate in this state may be registered under the provisions of this chapter in the manner herein provided.
History:
(8247) RL s 3370; 1905 c 305 s 1; 1909 c 183 s 2
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 500 - 515B — Property And Property Interests › Chapter 508 — Registration Of Land › Section 508.02 — Registered Land; Same Incidents As Unregistered; No Adverse Possession.

508.02 REGISTERED LAND; SAME INCIDENTS AS UNREGISTERED; NO ADVERSE POSSESSION.
Registered land shall be subject to the same burdens and incidents which attach by law to unregistered land. This chapter shall not operate to relieve registered land or the owners thereof from any rights, duties, or obligations incident to or growing out of the marriage relation, or from liability to attachment on mesne process, or levy on execution, or from liability to any lien or charge of any description, created or established by law upon the land or the buildings situated thereon, or the interest of the owner in such land or buildings. It shall not operate to change the laws of descent or the rights of partition between cotenants, or the right to take the land by eminent domain. It shall not operate to relieve such land from liability to be taken or recovered by any assignee or receiver under any provision of law relative thereto, and shall not operate to change or affect any other rights, burdens, liabilities, or obligations created by law and applicable to unregistered land except as otherwise expressly provided herein. No title to registered land in derogation of that of the registered owner shall be acquired by prescription or by adverse possession, but the common law doctrine of practical location of boundaries applies to registered land whenever registered. Section 508.671 shall apply in a proceedings subsequent to establish a boundary by practical location for registered land.
History:
(8248) RL s 3371; 1905 c 305 s 2; 2008 c 341 art 3 s 2
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 500 - 515B — Property And Property Interests › Chapter 508 — Registration Of Land › Section 508.03 — Application.

508.03 APPLICATION.
An application for registration may be made by any of the following persons:
(1) the person or persons who singly or collectively own the land; tenants in common shall join in the application;
(2) the person or persons who singly or collectively have the power of disposing of the land;
(3) infants and other persons under disability, by their guardian duly appointed by the proper court in this state;
(4) a corporation, by its proper officer, or by an agent duly authorized by the board of directors;
(5) any executor, administrator or personal representative duly appointed by the proper court in this state;
(6) a municipal corporation, by its mayor and city clerk, in the case of a city, after a resolution passed by its city council so directing, and by the county auditor and chair of the county board, in the case of a county, after a resolution passed by its county board so directing;
(7) any person may make application when, for at least 15 years, the land has been in the adverse possession of the applicant or those through whom the applicant claims title;
(8) a partnership by one or more of its general partners;
(9) the state of Minnesota, by the county auditor and chair of the county board of the county in which the land is located, at the direction of the county board of such county, in the case of lands forfeited to the state for taxes, and held by it in trust for its taxing districts, or otherwise.
This provision is in addition to all other laws by which the state may register the title to land.
History:
(8249) RL s 3372; 1905 c 305 s 3; 1909 c 110 s 1; 1939 c 100 s 1; 1941 c 378 s 1; 1977 c 21 s 1; 1983 c 92 s 1; 1986 c 444
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 500 - 515B — Property And Property Interests › Chapter 508 — Registration Of Land › Section 508.04 — Titles Which May Be Registered.

508.04 TITLES WHICH MAY BE REGISTERED.
Subdivision 1.
At least fee simple.
No lesser estate than a fee simple, except an appurtenant easement as defined in subdivision 2, and no mortgage, lien, or other charge upon land, shall be registered, unless the estate in fee simple therein is registered; but the fact that the estate or interest of the applicant is subject to any outstanding lesser estate or to a mortgage or other charge or lien shall not prevent its registration, and when a dock or harbor line has been established by federal authority, the estate and interest of a riparian proprietor in the submerged lands lying between the original shore line and such established dock line may be registered under this chapter, subject to the rights of the state of Minnesota in its sovereign capacity in the same, and such registration shall not in any manner affect or change the rights of the state with respect to such lands.
Subd. 2.
Exception for appurtenant easements.
An appurtenant easement over unregistered land may be registered when the fee simple estate to which it is appurtenant has been registered or is registered concurrently with the registration of such easement. The word "land" in this chapter, except as contained in sections 508.37 and 508.47, subdivisions 2 to 7, shall include those appurtenant easements designated in this subdivision and all requirements for the registration of land shall also apply to the registration of such an appurtenant easement. Such an appurtenant easement shall remain in full force and effect after registration until the filing on the certificate of title of an order of the court terminating the easement.
History:
(8250) RL s 3373; 1905 c 305 s 4; 1915 c 242 s 1; 1927 c 112 s 1; 1939 c 100 s 2; 1977 c 21 s 2
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 500 - 515B — Property And Property Interests › Chapter 508 — Registration Of Land › Section 508.05 — Application, How Signed And Verified.

508.05 APPLICATION, HOW SIGNED AND VERIFIED.
The application shall be in writing and signed and verified by the applicant, or by an agent thereunto lawfully authorized in writing. If the application is signed and verified by any agent, except an officer of a corporation, the authority of such agent shall be executed and acknowledged in the manner required for the execution and acknowledgment of a deed and recorded with the county recorder for the county wherein the land is situated before the filing of the application. If the application is made by a corporation, it shall be verified by some officer of the corporation. If the applicant is married, the spouse of the applicant may assent thereto in writing by a duly acknowledged endorsement thereon, or by a separate instrument duly acknowledged and filed with the application, but otherwise the spouse shall be made a defendant and served with summons.
History:
(8251) RL s 3374; 1905 c 305 s 5; 1935 c 16 s 1; 1976 c 181 s 2; 1986 c 444
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 500 - 515B — Property And Property Interests › Chapter 508 — Registration Of Land › Section 508.07 — Nonresident Applicant; Agent.

508.07 NONRESIDENT APPLICANT; AGENT.
If not a resident of the state, the applicant shall file for record with the county recorder a written agreement, duly executed and acknowledged, appointing an agent residing in the state. The applicant shall state therein the full name and post office address of this agent and therein agree that the service of any legal process in proceedings under or growing out of any application shall be of the same legal effect when made on this agent as if made on the applicant within the state. If the agent so appointed dies or removes from the state, the applicant shall at once appoint another agent in like manner and, on failing so to do, the court may in its discretion dismiss the application. In any subsequent application made, the applicant may refer to such written authority so recorded, provided the same is sufficiently comprehensive to include such subsequent application.
History:
(8253) RL s 3376; 1905 c 305 s 7; 1976 c 181 s 2; 1986 c 444
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 500 - 515B — Property And Property Interests › Chapter 508 — Registration Of Land › Section 508.08 — Application, Land Included.

508.08 APPLICATION, LAND INCLUDED.
Subdivision 1.
Separate tracts; common owner.
Any number of tracts of land in the same county owned by the same person may be included in one application.
Subd. 2.
Separate tracts; common title defect.
Two or more owners of separate tracts of land may join in one application to register the title to their individual tracts if the tracts share a common title defect requiring substantially the same evidence for adjudication. The application must list separately all of the information required by section 508.06 for the owner or owners of each of the tracts included in the application.
History:
(8254) RL s 3377; 1905 c 305 s 8; 1941 c 378 s 2; 1983 c 92 s 3; 1987 c 4 s 1; 2003 c 5 art 1 s 1; 2022 c 37 s 1
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 500 - 515B — Property And Property Interests › Chapter 508 — Registration Of Land › Section 508.09 — Amendment.

508.09 AMENDMENT.
Amendments to the application, including joinder, substitution, or discontinuance as to parties, may be allowed by the court at any time upon terms that are just and reasonable, but all amendments shall be in writing and signed and verified like the original application. A person who acquires the original applicant's estate in all or part of the land by voluntary instrument from the original applicant may be substituted for the applicant as to the land acquired by executing and filing an amendment without payment of the fees specified in section 357.021, subdivision 2, clause (1).
History:
(8255) RL s 3378; 1905 c 305 s 9; 2001 c 50 s 2
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 500 - 515B — Property And Property Interests › Chapter 508 — Registration Of Land › Section 508.10 — Application To District Court; Powers Of Court.

508.10 APPLICATION TO DISTRICT COURT; POWERS OF COURT.
An application for registration shall be addressed to the district court in and for the county wherein the land described therein is situated. The district court shall have original exclusive jurisdiction thereof, and of all proceedings thereunder, and full power to inquire into the title of the land, and any right, title, interest, or estate therein, and any lien, charge, or encumbrance thereon. By its decree, the court shall adjudge and determine the title to the land, the nature, character, extent, and amount of all liens and encumbrances thereon, the priority as between the same, and remove all clouds from the title. The district court shall have full power and authority to make all necessary orders, judgments, and decrees and, for these purposes, the court shall be always open.
History:
(8256) RL s 3379; 1905 c 305 s 10
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 500 - 515B — Property And Property Interests › Chapter 508 — Registration Of Land › Section 508.11 — Court Administrator; Filing, Recording; Certifying; Effect.

508.11 COURT ADMINISTRATOR; FILING, RECORDING; CERTIFYING; EFFECT.
Subdivision 1.
Approval by examiner.
Applications for initial registration shall be approved as to form by the examiner prior to filing with the court administrator.
Subd. 2.
Filing.
The application for initial registration shall be filed with the court administrator. At the time of the filing of the application with the court administrator, a copy thereof, duly certified by the court administrator, shall be filed by the applicant for record with the county recorder, and shall be notice forever to purchasers and encumbrancers of the pendency of the proceeding and of all matters referred to in the court files and records pertaining to the proceeding. The applicant shall file with the court administrator, as soon after the filing of the application as is practicable, an abstract of title or other evidence of title for the land described in the application, satisfactory to the examiner. If a survey is required by the examiner, the applicant shall file a survey, certified by a licensed surveyor, with the court administrator. At the time of the filing of a final order or decree with the court administrator, a copy thereof, duly certified by the court administrator, shall be filed by the applicant with: (1) the registrar of titles for issuance of a first certificate of title; and (2) the county recorder for indexing in the tract index to show the disposition of the registration case.
History:
(8257) RL s 3380; 1905 c 305 s 11; 1976 c 181 s 2; 1977 c 21 s 4; 1986 c 444; 1Sp1986 c 3 art 1 s 82; 1994 c 636 art 8 s 11; 2022 c 37 s 2
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 500 - 515B — Property And Property Interests › Chapter 508 — Registration Of Land › Section 508.12 — Examiners Of Titles.

508.12 EXAMINERS OF TITLES.
Subdivision 1.
Examiner and deputy examiner.
The judges of the district court shall appoint a competent attorney in each county within their respective districts to be an examiner of titles and legal adviser to the registrar in said county, to which examiner all applications to register title to land are referred without further order, and may appoint attorneys to serve as deputy examiners who shall act in the name of the examiner and under the examiner's supervision and control, and the deputy's acts shall be the acts of the examiners. The examiner of titles and deputy examiners shall hold office subject to the will and discretion of the district court by whom appointed. The examiner's compensation and that of the examiner's deputies shall be fixed and determined by the court and paid in the same manner as the compensation of other county employees is paid except that in all counties having fewer than 75,000 inhabitants, and in Stearns, Dakota, Scott, Wright, Sherburne, and Olmsted Counties the fees and compensation of the examiners for services as legal adviser to the registrar shall be determined by the judges of the district court and paid in the same manner as the compensation of other county employees is paid, but in every other instance shall be paid by the person applying to have the person's title registered or for other action or relief which requires the services, certification or approval of the examiner.
Subd. 2.
County attorney as registrar's adviser.
Notwithstanding any provision of this section to the contrary, in all counties other than Hennepin, Ramsey and St. Louis having a full-time county attorney, the county board by resolution may provide that the county attorney shall also be the legal adviser to the registrar in said county.
Subd. 3.
[Repealed, 1989 c 59 s 2]
History:
(8258) RL s 3381; 1905 c 305 s 12; 1909 c 183 s 3; 1927 c 112 s 2; 1953 c 276 s 1; 1955 c 319 s 1; 1957 c 252 s 1; 1959 c 252 s 1; 1961 c 362 s 1; 1971 c 799 s 1; 1974 c 322 s 8; 1986 c 444; 1989 c 59 s 1; 1994 c 380 s 1; 1994 c 388 art 3 s 1; 2003 c 54 s 1; 1Sp2017 c 4 art 2 s 47
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 500 - 515B — Property And Property Interests › Chapter 508 — Registration Of Land › Section 508.13 — References To Examiners; Powers; Reports.

508.13 REFERENCES TO EXAMINERS; POWERS; REPORTS.
Immediately after the filing of the abstract of title or other evidence of title acceptable to the examiner of titles, the court administrator shall refer the file to the examiner of titles, who shall proceed to examine into the title of the land described in the application, and into the truth of all matters set forth therein. The examiner shall ascertain whether or not the land is occupied, and, if occupied, shall ascertain the nature thereof, and by what right the occupation is held. The examiner shall also ascertain whether or not any judgments exist which may be a lien upon the land. The examiner shall search all public records, and fully investigate all facts pertaining to the title which may be brought to the examiner's notice, and shall file in the case a full report thereof, together with the examiner's opinion upon the title. The court shall not be bound by any report of the examiner of titles, but may require further or other proof. An examiner of titles shall have full power to administer oaths and examine witnesses concerning any matter involved in the examiner's investigation of titles. When, in the opinion of the examiner, the state has any interest in, or lien upon, the land, the examiner shall state the nature and character thereof in the examiner's report, and in such cases, the state shall be joined as a party, and named in the summons as a party thereto, in order that its interest, estate or lien may be defined and preserved. The court administrator shall give notice to the applicant of the filing of such report. If the report of the examiner is adverse to the applicant, the applicant shall have a reasonable time in which to proceed further, or to withdraw the application. This election shall be made in writing and filed with the court administrator. Examiners shall, upon the request of the registrar, advise the registrar upon any act or duty pertaining to the conduct of the office, or prepare the form of any memorial to be made or entered by the registrar.
In all cases where under the provisions of this chapter application is made to the court for any order or decree, the court may refer the matter to the examiner of titles for hearing and report in like manner as herein provided for the reference of the initial application for registration.
History:
(8259) RL s 3382; 1905 c 305 s 13; 1927 c 112 s 3; 1978 c 750 s 4; 1986 c 444; 1Sp1986 c 3 art 1 s 82; 1994 c 388 art 3 s 2; 2022 c 37 s 3
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 500 - 515B — Property And Property Interests › Chapter 508 — Registration Of Land › Section 508.14 — Survey In Certain Counties.

508.14 SURVEY IN CERTAIN COUNTIES.
In any county of this state having more than 200,000 inhabitants, the county surveyor thereof shall, at the request of the examiner of titles for such county, make a survey of the plat described in any application for registration under this chapter, and file with the court administrator of the district court of such county a plat of such land, duly certified, showing the dimensions of the land, the location of all structures, fences, and other improvements thereon and such other facts as may be required by the examiner. The surveyor shall also at the request of the registrar of titles of such county, make a survey of any registered land designated by the registrar and file with such registrar a plat of such land, duly certified showing its dimensions and such other facts as the registrar may require. Such plat shall be numbered and entered as a memorial on the certificate of title of such land and transferred with each subsequent certificate of title affecting such land. In any county in which the county surveyor receives fees in lieu of a salary, the county surveyor shall be paid such compensation for services as the county board may determine; in all other counties, the county surveyor shall receive no other compensation than the salary paid for other county work.
History:
(8260) 1909 c 366 s 1; 1986 c 444; 1Sp1986 c 3 art 1 s 82; 1999 c 11 art 1 s 13
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 500 - 515B — Property And Property Interests › Chapter 508 — Registration Of Land › Section 508.15 — Order For Summons; Parties Defendant.

508.15 ORDER FOR SUMMONS; PARTIES DEFENDANT.
If, in the opinion of the examiner, the applicant has a title to the land proper for registration, or if the applicant, after an adverse opinion of the examiner, elects to proceed further, the applicant shall file with the court administrator a verified petition praying that a summons may be issued in the proceeding. The court shall thereupon examine all the files and records of the proceeding and, by its order, direct that a summons be issued therein. This order shall contain the name and address, so far as known, of every person who is to be joined as a party to the proceeding, including all persons named in the application, or found by the report of the examiner to be in possession of the land, or as having any right, title, interest, or estate therein, or any lien or encumbrance upon or against the same, together with the name and address of all other persons or parties whom the court, in its order, may direct to be joined therein. The parties thus named in the order of the court shall be, and shall be known as, defendants.
When the description in the application includes land which, according to the plat of the United States Government Survey, forms part or all of the bed of a meandered stream or lake, the state of Minnesota shall be made a party defendant. In all cases where decree of registration has been heretofore entered for any such land without the state having been joined and served with summons, it shall be deemed that title had heretofore passed to the applicant by reliction or accretion.
History:
(8261) RL s 3383; 1905 c 305 s 14; 1933 c 164; 1Sp1986 c 3 art 1 s 82
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 500 - 515B — Property And Property Interests › Chapter 508 — Registration Of Land › Section 508.17 — Answer.

508.17 ANSWER.
Any person claiming any right, title, estate, or interest in or lien upon the land, whether named in the summons or not, may file an answer therein, within the time named in the summons, or within such further time as may be allowed by the court. The answer shall state all objections to the application, set forth the right, title, estate, interest, or lien claimed by the party filing the same, and be signed and verified by the defendant, or by some person in the defendant's behalf.
History:
(8263) RL s 3385; 1905 c 305 s 16; 1986 c 444
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 500 - 515B — Property And Property Interests › Chapter 508 — Registration Of Land › Section 508.18 — Guardian Ad Litem; When Appointed.

508.18 GUARDIAN AD LITEM; WHEN APPOINTED.
Upon the petition of the applicant, or of any person interested in the proceeding, the court shall appoint a disinterested person to act as guardian ad litem for minors, and other persons under disability, and for all persons not in being who may appear to have any interest or lien upon the land. The compensation of the guardian shall be determined by the court and paid by the applicant as part of the expenses of the proceeding.
History:
(8264) RL s 3386; 1905 c 305 s 17
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 500 - 515B — Property And Property Interests › Chapter 508 — Registration Of Land › Section 508.19 — Decree On Default.

508.19 DECREE ON DEFAULT.
If no person appears and answers within the time named in the summons, or allowed by the court, the court may, at once, upon the motion of the applicant, no reason to the contrary appearing, and upon satisfactory proof of the applicant's right thereto, make and file its order and decree confirming the title of the applicant and ordering the registration thereof.
History:
(8265) RL s 3387; 1905 c 305 s 18
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 500 - 515B — Property And Property Interests › Chapter 508 — Registration Of Land › Section 508.20 — Trial; Reference.

508.20 TRIAL; REFERENCE.
When an answer is filed, the case shall be tried by the court in like manner as an ordinary civil action. The court may refer the case, or any part thereof, to one of the examiners to hear the parties and their evidence, and make report thereon to the court. After the filing of the report, the court may order such other or further hearing of the cause before the court, or before the examiner, and may require such other or further proof by any of the parties to the cause as it shall deem proper.
History:
(8266) RL s 3388; 1905 c 305 s 19; 1978 c 750 s 5
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 500 - 515B — Property And Property Interests › Chapter 508 — Registration Of Land › Section 508.21 — Dismissal.

508.21 DISMISSAL.
If the court shall find after hearing that the applicant has not a title proper for registration, an order shall be entered dismissing the application which may be without prejudice. The applicant may upon motion dismiss the application at any time before the final decree is entered upon such terms as shall be fixed by the court.
History:
(8267) RL s 3389; 1905 c 305 s 20
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 500 - 515B — Property And Property Interests › Chapter 508 — Registration Of Land › Section 508.22 — Decree Of Registration; Effect.

508.22 DECREE OF REGISTRATION; EFFECT.
If, after hearing, the court finds the applicant has a title proper for registration, whether as stated in the application or otherwise, it shall make and file its decree therein, confirming the title of the applicant and ordering its registration. Except as herein otherwise provided, every decree of registration shall bind the land described in it, forever quiet the title to it, and be forever binding and conclusive upon all persons, regardless of whether they were mentioned in the application or in the report of the examiner or whether they possessed an interest in the land not referred to in the application or in the report of the examiner, whether they were mentioned by name in the summons, or included in the phrase, "all other persons or parties unknown claiming any right, title, estate, lien, or interest in the real estate described in the application herein." The decree shall not be opened, vacated, or set aside by reason of the absence, infancy, or other disability of any person affected by it, nor by any proceeding at law or in equity for opening, vacating, setting aside, or reversing judgments and decrees, except as herein especially provided. The decree shall forever determine, bind, and conclude all the right, title, interest, estate, or lien in the land described in it of the spouse of any defendant acquired or growing out of the marriage relation as though the spouse had been expressly named in the decree.
History:
(8268) RL s 3390; 1905 c 305 s 21; 1983 c 92 s 5; 1986 c 444
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 500 - 515B — Property And Property Interests › Chapter 508 — Registration Of Land › Section 508.23 — Contents Of Decree; Copy Filed.

508.23 CONTENTS OF DECREE; COPY FILED.
Subdivision 1.
Details; filing.
Every decree of registration shall bear the date, hour, and minute of its entry and be signed by one of the judges of the district court. It shall state whether the owner is 18 years of age or older, and whether married, or unmarried, and, if married, the name of the spouse; if the owner of the land is under any legal incapacity, it shall state the nature thereof. It shall contain an accurate description of the land as finally determined by the court, and set forth the estate of the owner and also, in such manner as to show their relative priority, all particular estates, mortgages, easements, liens, attachments, and other encumbrances, including spousal rights, if any, to which the land or the owner's estate is subject, and any other facts properly to be determined by the court. Immediately upon the filing of the decree of registration, the court administrator shall file a certified copy thereof with the registrar.
Subd. 1a.
Judicial determination of boundaries.
If one or more boundary lines are judicially determined, the land description in the decree of registration shall make reference to that fact and to the location of the judicial landmarks that mark the boundary lines. When any of the boundary lines are registered, the court administrator also shall file with the registrar a certified copy of the plat of the survey which contains a certification by a licensed land surveyor that the boundaries registered have been marked by judicial landmarks set pursuant to the order of the court. The registrar of titles shall enter the certified copy of the plat of the survey as a memorial upon the certificate of title issued for the land registered by the decree. If any of the adjoining lands are registered, the decree of registration shall direct the registrar of titles to show by memorial upon the certificates of title for the adjoining lands which of the boundary lines of these lands have been determined in the district court case.
Subd. 2.
Appurtenant easements.
When a decree of registration is entered for an appurtenant easement only, it shall include the description and certificate of title number of the fee simple estate to which it is appurtenant. The registrar of titles shall not issue a separate certificate of title for the easement, but shall enter the easement as a memorial upon the certificate of title issued for the designated fee simple estate. Upon the issuance of a new certificate of title for such fee simple estate, the registrar of titles shall omit the memorial of the easement and place the easement in the new certificate of title immediately following the description of the fee simple estate to which the easement is appurtenant.
History:
(8269) RL s 3391; 1905 c 305 s 22; 1977 c 21 s 5; 1983 c 92 s 6; 1986 c 444; 1Sp1986 c 3 art 1 s 82; 1994 c 388 art 3 s 3; 1998 c 324 s 9
2023 Minnesota Statutes › Chapters 500 - 515B — Property And Property Interests › Chapter 508 — Registration Of Land › Section 508.24 — Registration Runs With Land; Withdrawal.

508.24 REGISTRATION RUNS WITH LAND; WITHDRAWAL.
Subdivision 1.
Subject to this chapter.
The obtaining of a decree of registration, and the receiving of a certificate of title shall be deemed as an agreement running with the land and binding upon the applicant and successors in the title that the land shall be and forever remain registered land, unless withdrawn therefrom as hereinafter provided, and subject to the provisions of this chapter and to all acts amendatory thereof. All dealings with the land, or any estate or interest therein, and all liens, encumbrances, and charges upon the same, after the land has been registered, and while it remains registered, shall be expressly subject to the terms and provisions of this chapter.
Subd. 2.
Petition; nonmetropolitan counties.
The registered owner of land in counties not containing a city of the first class may apply by verified petition to the district court of the county wherein the land is situated for its withdrawal from registration. The application shall be heard by the district court on not less than 20 days' written notice to all persons appearing of record or known to the petitioner to have or claim an interest in the property. The notice shall be served in the manner provided by law for the service of a summons in a civil action in the district court unless otherwise specified by the court. At the hearing any person interested in any manner in the land or who may be affected by its withdrawal from registration, may appear and be heard in favor of or in opposition to the application. After hearing the court may order that the land be withdrawn from registration, subject to encumbrances, liens, and other incidents of title then existing, and if so ordered shall require that a certified copy of the order, a certified copy of the original decree of registration, and certified copies of all undischarged instruments memorialized on the certificate of title, be recorded in the office of the county recorder at the expense of the petitioner. In its order the court shall reconcile any differences in description of the land as originally registered and as described in the last certificate of title. Upon the recording of the instruments and upon filing a certified copy of the order in the office of the registrar of titles, the land shall be withdrawn from registration and become unregistered property.
History:
(8270) RL s 3392; 1905 c 305 s 23; 1959 c 418 s 1; 1976 c 181 s 2; 1983 c 92 s 7; 1986 c 444; 1999 c 11 art 1 s 14