2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 81. Livestock › Chapter 2. Disease Control › Part 1. General Administration › 81-2-120. Management of wild buffalo or wild bison for disease control

81-2-120. Management of wild buffalo or wild bison for disease control.
(1) Whenever a publicly owned wild buffalo or wild bison from a herd that is infected with a dangerous disease enters the state of Montana on public or private land and the disease may spread to persons or livestock or whenever the presence of wild buffalo or wild bison may jeopardize Montana's compliance with other state-administered or federally administered livestock disease control programs, the department may, under a plan approved by the governor, use any feasible method in taking one or more of the following actions:
(a) The live wild buffalo or wild bison may be captured, tested, quarantined, and vaccinated. Wild buffalo or wild bison that are certified by the state veterinarian as brucellosis-free may be:
(i) sold to help defray the costs that the department incurs in building, maintaining, and operating necessary facilities related to the capture, testing, quarantine, or vaccination of the wild buffalo or wild bison. Proceeds from the sale of live, brucellosis-free, vaccinated wild buffalo or wild bison must be deposited in the state special revenue fund to the credit of the department. Any revenue generated in excess of the costs referred to in this subsection (1)(a)(i) must be deposited in the state special revenue fund provided for in 87-1-513(2).
(ii) transferred to a qualified tribal entity that participates in the disease control program provided for in this subsection (1)(a). Acquisition of wild buffalo or wild bison by a qualified tribal entity must be done in a manner that does not jeopardize compliance with a state-administered or federally administered livestock disease control program. The department may adopt rules consistent with this section governing tribal participation in the program or enter into cooperative agreements with tribal organizations for the purposes of carrying out the disease control program.
(b) The live wild buffalo or wild bison may be physically removed by the safest and most expeditious means from within the state boundaries, including but not limited to hazing and aversion tactics or capture, transportation, quarantine, or delivery to a department-approved slaughterhouse.
(c) The live wild buffalo or wild bison may be destroyed by the use of firearms. If a firearm cannot be used for reasons of public safety or regard for public or private property, the animal may be relocated to a place that is free from public or private hazards and destroyed by firearms or by a humane means of euthanasia.
(d) The live wild buffalo or wild bison may be taken through limited public hunts pursuant to 87-2-730 when authorized by the state veterinarian and the department.
(2) Whenever the department is responsible for the death of a wild buffalo or wild bison, either purposefully or unintentionally, the carcass of the animal must be disposed of by the most economical means, including but not limited to burying, incineration, rendering, or field dressing for donation or delivery to a department-approved slaughterhouse or slaughter destination.
(3) In disposing of the carcass, the department:
(a) as first priority, may donate a wild buffalo or wild bison carcass to a charity or to an Indian tribal organization; or
(b) may sell a wild buffalo or wild bison carcass to help defray expenses of the department. If the carcass is sold in this manner, the department shall deposit any revenue derived from the sale of the wild buffalo or wild bison carcass to the state special revenue fund to the credit of the department.
(4) The department may adopt rules with regard to management of publicly owned wild buffalo or wild bison that enter Montana on private or public land and that are from a herd that is infected with a contagious disease that may spread to persons or livestock and may jeopardize compliance with other state-administered or federally administered livestock disease control programs.
(5) Except for a transfer to a qualified tribal entity pursuant to subsection (1)(a)(ii), after a wild buffalo or wild bison is certified brucellosis-free by the state veterinarian, the department may authorize its transplantation or relocation into any county in the state pursuant to this section after the department receives the authorization of the board of county commissioners of the affected county or counties pursuant to 7-21-3214.
History: En. Sec. 1, Ch. 346, L. 1995; amd. Sec. 2, Ch. 523, L. 1997; amd. Sec. 2, Ch. 604, L. 2003; amd. Sec. 3, Ch. 403, L. 2011; amd. Sec. 3, Ch. 354, L. 2021.