reglab/statecodes huggingface dataset:
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions (Renumbered and Repealed) › Part 4. Rights of Third Parties (Renumbered and Repealed) › 30-9-412. Repealed

30-9-412. Repealed.
Sec. 168, Ch. 305, L. 1999.
History: En. Sec. 80, Ch. 402, L. 1983.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions (Renumbered and Repealed) › Part 4. Rights of Third Parties (Renumbered and Repealed) › 30-9-421. Repealed

30-9-421. Repealed.
Sec. 168, Ch. 305, L. 1999.
History: En. Sec. 4, Ch. 683, L. 1985; amd. Sec. 4, Ch. 619, L. 1987.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions (Renumbered and Repealed) › Part 4. Rights of Third Parties (Renumbered and Repealed) › 30-9-422. Repealed

30-9-422. Repealed.
Sec. 5, Ch. 619, L. 1987.
History: En. Sec. 5, Ch. 683, L. 1985.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions (Renumbered and Repealed) › Part 4. Rights of Third Parties (Renumbered and Repealed) › 30-9-423. Repealed

30-9-423. Repealed.
Sec. 168, Ch. 305, L. 1999.
History: En. Sec. 7, Ch. 683, L. 1985.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions (Renumbered and Repealed) › Part 4. Rights of Third Parties (Renumbered and Repealed) › 30-9-431. Repealed

30-9-431. Repealed.
Sec. 168, Ch. 305, L. 1999.
History: En. Sec. 4, Ch. 273, L. 1989; amd. Sec. 2, Ch. 290, L. 1997.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions (Renumbered and Repealed) › Part 4. Rights of Third Parties (Renumbered and Repealed) › 30-9-432. Renumbered 30-9A-420

30-9-432. Renumbered 30-9A-420.
Code Commissioner, 2001.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions (Renumbered and Repealed) › Part 4. Rights of Third Parties (Renumbered and Repealed) › 30-9-441. Renumbered 30-9A-401

30-9-441. Renumbered 30-9A-401.
Code Commissioner, 2001.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions (Renumbered and Repealed) › Part 4. Rights of Third Parties (Renumbered and Repealed) › 30-9-442. Renumbered 30-9A-402

30-9-442. Renumbered 30-9A-402.
Code Commissioner, 2001.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions (Renumbered and Repealed) › Part 4. Rights of Third Parties (Renumbered and Repealed) › 30-9-443. Renumbered 30-9A-403

30-9-443. Renumbered 30-9A-403.
Code Commissioner, 2001.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions (Renumbered and Repealed) › Part 4. Rights of Third Parties (Renumbered and Repealed) › 30-9-444. Renumbered 30-9A-404

30-9-444. Renumbered 30-9A-404.
Code Commissioner, 2001.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions (Renumbered and Repealed) › Part 4. Rights of Third Parties (Renumbered and Repealed) › 30-9-445. Renumbered 30-9A-405

30-9-445. Renumbered 30-9A-405.
Code Commissioner, 2001.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions (Renumbered and Repealed) › Part 4. Rights of Third Parties (Renumbered and Repealed) › 30-9-446. Renumbered 30-9A-406

30-9-446. Renumbered 30-9A-406.
Code Commissioner, 2001.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions (Renumbered and Repealed) › Part 4. Rights of Third Parties (Renumbered and Repealed) › 30-9-447. Renumbered 30-9A-407

30-9-447. Renumbered 30-9A-407.
Code Commissioner, 2001.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions (Renumbered and Repealed) › Part 4. Rights of Third Parties (Renumbered and Repealed) › 30-9-448. Renumbered 30-9A-408

30-9-448. Renumbered 30-9A-408.
Code Commissioner, 2001.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions (Renumbered and Repealed) › Part 4. Rights of Third Parties (Renumbered and Repealed) › 30-9-449. Renumbered 30-9A-409

30-9-449. Renumbered 30-9A-409.
Code Commissioner, 2001.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions (Renumbered and Repealed) › Part 5. Filing (Renumbered and Repealed) › 30-9-501. Repealed

30-9-501. Repealed.
Sec. 168, Ch. 305, L. 1999.
History: En. Sec. 9-501, Ch. 264, L. 1963; R.C.M. 1947, 87A-9-501; amd. Sec. 81, Ch. 402, L. 1983.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions (Renumbered and Repealed) › Part 5. Filing (Renumbered and Repealed) › 30-9-502. Repealed

30-9-502. Repealed.
Sec. 168, Ch. 305, L. 1999.
History: En. Sec. 9-502, Ch. 264, L. 1963; R.C.M. 1947, 87A-9-502; amd. Sec. 82, Ch. 402, L. 1983.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions (Renumbered and Repealed) › Part 5. Filing (Renumbered and Repealed) › 30-9-503. Repealed

30-9-503. Repealed.
Sec. 168, Ch. 305, L. 1999.
History: En. Sec. 9-503, Ch. 264, L. 1963; R.C.M. 1947, 87A-9-503.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions (Renumbered and Repealed) › Part 5. Filing (Renumbered and Repealed) › 30-9-504. Repealed

30-9-504. Repealed.
Sec. 168, Ch. 305, L. 1999.
History: En. Sec. 9-504, Ch. 264, L. 1963; R.C.M. 1947, 87A-9-504; amd. Sec. 83, Ch. 402, L. 1983; amd. Sec. 1, Ch. 3, L. 1987.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions (Renumbered and Repealed) › Part 5. Filing (Renumbered and Repealed) › 30-9-505. Repealed

30-9-505. Repealed.
Sec. 168, Ch. 305, L. 1999.
History: En. Sec. 9-505, Ch. 264, L. 1963; R.C.M. 1947, 87A-9-505; amd. Sec. 84, Ch. 402, L. 1983; amd. Sec. 2, Ch. 3, L. 1987.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions (Renumbered and Repealed) › Part 5. Filing (Renumbered and Repealed) › 30-9-506. Repealed

30-9-506. Repealed.
Sec. 168, Ch. 305, L. 1999.
History: En. Sec. 9-506, Ch. 264, L. 1963; R.C.M. 1947, 87A-9-506.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions (Renumbered and Repealed) › Part 5. Filing (Renumbered and Repealed) › 30-9-507. Repealed

30-9-507. Repealed.
Sec. 168, Ch. 305, L. 1999.
History: En. Sec. 9-507, Ch. 264, L. 1963; R.C.M. 1947, 87A-9-507.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions (Renumbered and Repealed) › Part 5. Filing (Renumbered and Repealed) › 30-9-508. Repealed

30-9-508. Repealed.
Sec. 168, Ch. 305, L. 1999.
History: En. Sec. 3872, Civ. C. 1895; re-en. Sec. 5769, Rev. C. 1907; amd. Sec. 12, Ch. 86, L. 1913; re-en. Sec. 8286, R.C.M. 1921; re-en. Sec. 8286, R.C.M. 1935; amd. Sec. 11-135, Ch. 264, L. 1963; R.C.M. 1947, 52-312; amd. Sec. 1, Ch. 189, L. 1979.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions (Renumbered and Repealed) › Part 5. Filing (Renumbered and Repealed) › 30-9-509. Repealed

30-9-509. Repealed.
Sec. 3, Ch. 189, L. 1979.
History: En. Sec. 13, Ch. 86, L. 1913; re-en. Sec. 8287, R.C.M. 1921; re-en. Sec. 8287, R.C.M. 1935; amd. Sec. 1, Ch. 13, L. 1953; amd. Sec. 11-136, Ch. 264, L. 1963; R.C.M. 1947, 52-313.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions (Renumbered and Repealed) › Part 5. Filing (Renumbered and Repealed) › 30-9-510. Repealed

30-9-510. Repealed.
Sec. 3, Ch. 189, L. 1979.
History: En. Sec. 14, Ch. 86, L. 1913; re-en. Sec. 8288, R.C.M. 1921; re-en. Sec. 8288, R.C.M. 1935; amd. Sec. 11-137, Ch. 264, L. 1963; R.C.M. 1947, 52-314.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions (Renumbered and Repealed) › Part 5. Filing (Renumbered and Repealed) › 30-9-511. Repealed

30-9-511. Repealed.
Sec. 168, Ch. 305, L. 1999.
History: En. Sec. 1862, C. Civ. Proc. 1895; re-en. Sec. 7165, Rev. C. 1907; re-en. Sec. 9798, R.C.M. 1921; re-en. Sec. 9798, R.C.M. 1935; amd. Sec. 11-169, Ch. 264, L. 1963; R.C.M. 1947, 93-8613(part).
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions (Renumbered and Repealed) › Part 5. Filing (Renumbered and Repealed) › 30-9-521. Renumbered 30-9A-501

30-9-521. Renumbered 30-9A-501.
Code Commissioner, 2001.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions (Renumbered and Repealed) › Part 5. Filing (Renumbered and Repealed) › 30-9-522. Renumbered 30-9A-502

30-9-522. Renumbered 30-9A-502.
Code Commissioner, 2001.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions (Renumbered and Repealed) › Part 5. Filing (Renumbered and Repealed) › 30-9-523. Renumbered 30-9A-503

30-9-523. Renumbered 30-9A-503.
Code Commissioner, 2001.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions (Renumbered and Repealed) › Part 5. Filing (Renumbered and Repealed) › 30-9-524. Renumbered 30-9A-504

30-9-524. Renumbered 30-9A-504.
Code Commissioner, 2001.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions (Renumbered and Repealed) › Part 5. Filing (Renumbered and Repealed) › 30-9-525. Renumbered 30-9A-505

30-9-525. Renumbered 30-9A-505.
Code Commissioner, 2001.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions (Renumbered and Repealed) › Part 5. Filing (Renumbered and Repealed) › 30-9-526. Renumbered 30-9A-506

30-9-526. Renumbered 30-9A-506.
Code Commissioner, 2001.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions (Renumbered and Repealed) › Part 5. Filing (Renumbered and Repealed) › 30-9-527. Renumbered 30-9A-507

30-9-527. Renumbered 30-9A-507.
Code Commissioner, 2001.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions (Renumbered and Repealed) › Part 5. Filing (Renumbered and Repealed) › 30-9-528. Renumbered 30-9A-508

30-9-528. Renumbered 30-9A-508.
Code Commissioner, 2001.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions (Renumbered and Repealed) › Part 5. Filing (Renumbered and Repealed) › 30-9-529. Renumbered 30-9A-509

30-9-529. Renumbered 30-9A-509.
Code Commissioner, 2001.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions (Renumbered and Repealed) › Part 5. Filing (Renumbered and Repealed) › 30-9-530. Renumbered 30-9A-510

30-9-530. Renumbered 30-9A-510.
Code Commissioner, 2001.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions (Renumbered and Repealed) › Part 5. Filing (Renumbered and Repealed) › 30-9-531. Renumbered 30-9A-511

30-9-531. Renumbered 30-9A-511.
Code Commissioner, 2001.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions (Renumbered and Repealed) › Part 5. Filing (Renumbered and Repealed) › 30-9-532. Renumbered 30-9A-512

30-9-532. Renumbered 30-9A-512.
Code Commissioner, 2001.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions (Renumbered and Repealed) › Part 5. Filing (Renumbered and Repealed) › 30-9-533. Renumbered 30-9A-513

30-9-533. Renumbered 30-9A-513.
Code Commissioner, 2001.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions (Renumbered and Repealed) › Part 5. Filing (Renumbered and Repealed) › 30-9-534. Renumbered 30-9A-514

30-9-534. Renumbered 30-9A-514.
Code Commissioner, 2001.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions (Renumbered and Repealed) › Part 5. Filing (Renumbered and Repealed) › 30-9-535. Renumbered 30-9A-515

30-9-535. Renumbered 30-9A-515.
Code Commissioner, 2001.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions (Renumbered and Repealed) › Part 5. Filing (Renumbered and Repealed) › 30-9-536. Renumbered 30-9A-516

30-9-536. Renumbered 30-9A-516.
Code Commissioner, 2001.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions (Renumbered and Repealed) › Part 5. Filing (Renumbered and Repealed) › 30-9-537. Renumbered 30-9A-517

30-9-537. Renumbered 30-9A-517.
Code Commissioner, 2001.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions (Renumbered and Repealed) › Part 5. Filing (Renumbered and Repealed) › 30-9-538. Renumbered 30-9A-518

30-9-538. Renumbered 30-9A-518.
Code Commissioner, 2001.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions (Renumbered and Repealed) › Part 5. Filing (Renumbered and Repealed) › 30-9-539. Renumbered 30-9A-519

30-9-539. Renumbered 30-9A-519.
Code Commissioner, 2001.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions (Renumbered and Repealed) › Part 5. Filing (Renumbered and Repealed) › 30-9-540. Renumbered 30-9A-520

30-9-540. Renumbered 30-9A-520.
Code Commissioner, 2001.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions (Renumbered and Repealed) › Part 5. Filing (Renumbered and Repealed) › 30-9-541. Renumbered 30-9A-521

30-9-541. Renumbered 30-9A-521.
Code Commissioner, 2001.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions (Renumbered and Repealed) › Part 5. Filing (Renumbered and Repealed) › 30-9-542. Renumbered 30-9A-522

30-9-542. Renumbered 30-9A-522.
Code Commissioner, 2001.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions (Renumbered and Repealed) › Part 5. Filing (Renumbered and Repealed) › 30-9-543. Renumbered 30-9A-523

30-9-543. Renumbered 30-9A-523.
Code Commissioner, 2001.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions (Renumbered and Repealed) › Part 5. Filing (Renumbered and Repealed) › 30-9-544. Renumbered 30-9A-524

30-9-544. Renumbered 30-9A-524.
Code Commissioner, 2001.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions (Renumbered and Repealed) › Part 5. Filing (Renumbered and Repealed) › 30-9-545. Renumbered 30-9A-525

30-9-545. Renumbered 30-9A-525.
Code Commissioner, 2001.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions (Renumbered and Repealed) › Part 5. Filing (Renumbered and Repealed) › 30-9-546. Renumbered 30-9A-526

30-9-546. Renumbered 30-9A-526.
Code Commissioner, 2001.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions (Renumbered and Repealed) › Part 5. Filing (Renumbered and Repealed) › 30-9-547. Renumbered 30-9A-527

30-9-547. Renumbered 30-9A-527.
Code Commissioner, 2001.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9A. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions › Part 1. General Provisions › 30-9A-101. Short title

30-9A-101. Short title.
This chapter shall be known and may be cited as Uniform Commercial Code--Secured Transactions.
History: En. Sec. 9-101, Ch. 264, L. 1963; R.C.M. 1947, 87A-9-101; Sec. 30-9-101, MCA 1999; redes. 30-9A-101 by Code Commissioner, 2001.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9A. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions › Part 1. General Provisions › 30-9A-104. Control of deposit account

30-9A-104. Control of deposit account.
(1) A secured party has control of a deposit account if:
(a) the secured party is the bank with which the deposit account is maintained;
(b) the debtor, secured party, and bank have agreed in an authenticated record that the bank will comply with instructions originated by the secured party directing disposition of the funds in the deposit account without further consent by the debtor; or
(c) the secured party becomes the bank's customer with respect to the deposit account.
(2) A secured party that has satisfied the requirements of subsection (1) has control, even if the debtor retains the right to direct the disposition of funds from the deposit account.
History: En. Sec. 3, Ch. 305, L. 1999; amd. Sec. 4, Ch. 179, L. 2001; Sec. 30-9-124, MCA 1999; redes. 30-9A-104 by Code Commissioner, 2001.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9A. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions › Part 1. General Provisions › 30-9A-105. Control of electronic chattel paper

30-9A-105. Control of electronic chattel paper.
(1) A secured party has control of electronic chattel paper if a system employed for evidencing the transfer of interests in the chattel paper reliably establishes the secured party as the person to which the chattel paper was assigned.
(2) A system satisfies subsection (1) if the record or records comprising the chattel paper are created, stored, and assigned in such a manner that:
(a) a single authoritative copy of the record or records exists that is unique, identifiable, and except as otherwise provided in subsections (2)(d), (2)(e), and (2)(f), unalterable;
(b) the authoritative copy identifies the secured party as the assignee of the record or records;
(c) the authoritative copy is communicated to and maintained by the secured party or its designated custodian;
(d) copies or amendments that add or change an identified assignee of the authoritative copy can be made only with the consent of the secured party;
(e) each copy of the authoritative copy and any copy of a copy is readily identifiable as a copy that is not the authoritative copy; and
(f) any amendment of the authoritative copy is readily identifiable as authorized or unauthorized.
History: En. Sec. 4, Ch. 305, L. 1999; Sec. 30-9-125, MCA 1999; redes. 30-9A-105 by Code Commissioner, 2001; amd. Sec. 3, Ch. 75, L. 2013.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9A. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions › Part 1. General Provisions › 30-9A-106. Control of investment property

30-9A-106. Control of investment property.
(1) A person has control of a certificated security, or security entitlement as provided in 30-8-116.
(2) A secured party has control of a commodity contract if:
(a) the secured party is the commodity intermediary with which the commodity contract is carried; or
(b) the commodity customer, secured party, and commodity intermediary have agreed that the commodity intermediary will apply any value distributed on account of the commodity contract as directed by the secured party without further consent by the commodity customer.
(3) A secured party having control of all security entitlements or commodity contracts carried in a securities account or commodity account has control over the securities account or commodity account.
History: En. Sec. 5, Ch. 305, L. 1999; Sec. 30-9-126, MCA 1999; redes. 30-9A-106 by Code Commissioner, 2001.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9A. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions › Part 1. General Provisions › 30-9A-107. Control of letter-of-credit right

30-9A-107. Control of letter-of-credit right.
A secured party has control of a letter-of-credit right to the extent of any right to payment or performance by the issuer of any nominated person if the issuer or nominated person has consented to an assignment of proceeds of the letter of credit under 30-5-134(3) or otherwise applicable law or practice.
History: En. Sec. 6, Ch. 305, L. 1999; Sec. 30-9-127, MCA 1999; redes. 30-9A-107 by Code Commissioner, 2001.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9A. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions › Part 1. General Provisions › 30-9A-108. Sufficiency of description

30-9A-108. Sufficiency of description.
(1) Except as otherwise provided in subsections (3), (4), and (5), a description of personal or real property is sufficient, whether or not it is specific, if it reasonably identifies what is described.
(2) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (4), a description of collateral reasonably identifies the collateral if it identifies the collateral by:
(a) specific listing;
(b) category;
(c) except as otherwise provided in subsection (5), a type of collateral defined in chapters 1 through 9A;
(d) quantity;
(e) computational or allocational formula or procedure; or
(f) except as otherwise provided in subsection (3), any other method, if the identity of the collateral is objectively determinable.
(3) A description of collateral as "all the debtor's assets" or "all the debtor's personal property" or using words of similar import does not reasonably identify the collateral.
(4) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (5), a description of a security entitlement, securities account, or commodity account is sufficient if it describes:
(a) the collateral by those terms or as investment property; or
(b) the underlying financial asset or commodity contract.
(5) A description only by type of collateral defined in chapters 1 through 9A is an insufficient description of:
(a) a commercial tort claim; or
(b) in a consumer transaction, consumer goods, a security entitlement, a securities account, or a commodity account.
History: En. Sec. 7, Ch. 305, L. 1999; Sec. 30-9-128, MCA 1999; redes. 30-9A-108 by Code Commissioner, 2001.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9A. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions › Part 1. General Provisions › 30-9A-110. Security interests arising under chapter 2 or 2A

30-9A-110. Security interests arising under chapter 2 or 2A.
A security interest arising under 30-2-401, 30-2-505, 30-2-711(3), or 30-2A-508(5) is subject to this chapter. However, until the debtor obtains possession of the goods:
(1) the security interest is enforceable, even if the requirements of 30-9A-203(2)(c) have not been met;
(2) filing is not required to perfect the security interest;
(3) the rights of the secured party on default by the debtor are governed by chapter 2 or 2A, as applicable; and
(4) the security interest has priority over a conflicting security interest created by the debtor.
History: En. Sec. 9, Ch. 305, L. 1999; Sec. 30-9-130, MCA 1999; redes. 30-9A-110 by Code Commissioner, 2001.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9A. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions › Part 2. Effectiveness of Security Agreement -- Attachment of Security Interest -- Rights of Parties to Security Agreement › 30-9A-201. General effectiveness of security agreement

30-9A-201. General effectiveness of security agreement.
(1) Except as otherwise provided in chapters 1 through 9A, a security agreement is effective according to its terms between the parties, against purchasers of the collateral, and against creditors.
(2) A transaction subject to this chapter is subject to any applicable rule of law that establishes a different rule for consumers, to Title 30, chapter 14, part 1, and to Title 31, chapter 1.
(3) In case of conflict between this chapter and a rule of law, statute, or regulation described in subsection (2), the rule of law, statute, or regulation controls. Failure to comply with a statute or regulation described in subsection (2) has only the effect that the statute or regulation specifies.
(4) This chapter does not:
(a) validate any rate, charge, agreement, or practice that violates a rule of law, statute, or regulation described in subsection (2); or
(b) extend the application of the rule of law, statute, or regulation to a transaction not otherwise subject to it.
History: En. Sec. 10, Ch. 305, L. 1999; Sec. 30-9-211, MCA 1999; redes. 30-9A-201 by Code Commissioner, 2001.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9A. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions › Part 2. Effectiveness of Security Agreement -- Attachment of Security Interest -- Rights of Parties to Security Agreement › 30-9A-202. Title to collateral immaterial

30-9A-202. Title to collateral immaterial.
Except as otherwise provided with respect to consignments or sales of accounts, chattel paper, payment intangibles, or promissory notes, the provisions of this chapter with regard to rights, obligations, and remedies apply whether title to collateral is in the secured party or the debtor.
History: En. Sec. 11, Ch. 305, L. 1999; Sec. 30-9-212, MCA 1999; redes. 30-9A-202 by Code Commissioner, 2001.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9A. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions › Part 2. Effectiveness of Security Agreement -- Attachment of Security Interest -- Rights of Parties to Security Agreement › 30-9A-204. After acquired property -- future advances

30-9A-204. After acquired property -- future advances.
(1) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (2), a security agreement may create or provide for a security interest in after-acquired collateral.
(2) A security interest does not attach under a term constituting an after-acquired property clause to:
(a) consumer goods, other than an accession when given as additional security, unless the debtor acquires rights in them within 10 days after the secured party gives value; or
(b) a commercial tort claim.
(3) A security agreement may provide that collateral secures, or that accounts, chattel paper, payment intangibles, or promissory notes are sold in connection with, future advances or other value, whether or not the advances or value are given pursuant to commitment.
History: En. Sec. 13, Ch. 305, L. 1999; Sec. 30-9-214, MCA 1999; redes. 30-9A-204 by Code Commissioner, 2001.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9A. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions › Part 2. Effectiveness of Security Agreement -- Attachment of Security Interest -- Rights of Parties to Security Agreement › 30-9A-205. Use or disposition of collateral permissible

30-9A-205. Use or disposition of collateral permissible.
(1) A security interest is not invalid or fraudulent against creditors solely because:
(a) the debtor has the right or ability to:
(i) use, commingle, or dispose of all or part of the collateral, including returned or repossessed goods;
(ii) collect, compromise, enforce, or otherwise deal with collateral;
(iii) accept the return of collateral or make repossessions; or
(iv) use, commingle, or dispose of proceeds; or
(b) the secured party fails to require the debtor to account for proceeds or replace collateral.
(2) This section does not relax the requirements of possession if attachment, perfection, or enforcement of a security interest depends upon possession of the collateral by the secured party.
History: En. Sec. 14, Ch. 305, L. 1999; Sec. 30-9-215, MCA 1999; redes. 30-9A-205 by Code Commissioner, 2001.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9A. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions › Part 2. Effectiveness of Security Agreement -- Attachment of Security Interest -- Rights of Parties to Security Agreement › 30-9A-206. Security interest arising in purchase or delivery of financial asset

30-9A-206. Security interest arising in purchase or delivery of financial asset.
(1) A security interest in favor of a securities intermediary attaches to a person's security entitlement if:
(a) the person buys a financial asset through the securities intermediary in a transaction in which the person is obligated to pay the purchase price to the securities intermediary at the time of the purchase; and
(b) the securities intermediary credits the financial asset to the buyer's securities account before the buyer pays the securities intermediary.
(2) The security interest described in subsection (1) secures the person's obligation to pay for the financial asset.
(3) A security interest in favor of a person that delivers a certificated security or other financial asset represented by a writing attaches to the security or other financial asset if:
(a) the security or other financial asset is:
(i) in the ordinary course of business transferred by delivery with any necessary indorsement or assignment; and
(ii) delivered under an agreement between persons in the business of dealing with such securities or financial assets; and
(b) the agreement calls for delivery against payment.
(4) The security interest described in subsection (3) secures the obligation to make payment for the delivery.
History: En. Sec. 15, Ch. 305, L. 1999; Sec. 30-9-216, MCA 1999; redes. 30-9A-206 by Code Commissioner, 2001.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9A. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions › Part 2. Effectiveness of Security Agreement -- Attachment of Security Interest -- Rights of Parties to Security Agreement › 30-9A-207. Rights and duties of secured party having possession or control of collateral

30-9A-207. Rights and duties of secured party having possession or control of collateral.
(1) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (4), a secured party shall use reasonable care in the custody and preservation of collateral in the secured party's possession. In the case of chattel paper or an instrument, reasonable care includes taking necessary steps to preserve rights against prior parties unless otherwise agreed.
(2) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (4), if a secured party has possession of collateral:
(a) reasonable expenses, including the cost of insurance and payment of taxes or other charges, incurred in the custody, preservation, use, or operation of the collateral are chargeable to the debtor and are secured by the collateral;
(b) the risk of accidental loss or damage is on the debtor to the extent of a deficiency in any effective insurance coverage;
(c) the secured party shall keep the collateral identifiable, but fungible collateral may be commingled; and
(d) the secured party may use or operate the collateral:
(i) for the purpose of preserving the collateral or its value;
(ii) as permitted by an order of a court having competent jurisdiction; or
(iii) except in the case of consumer goods, in the manner and to the extent agreed by the debtor.
(3) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (4), a secured party having possession of collateral or control of collateral under 30-7-107, 30-9A-104, 30-9A-105, 30-9A-106, or 30-9A-107:
(a) may hold as additional security any proceeds, except money or funds, received from the collateral;
(b) shall apply money or funds received from the collateral to reduce the secured obligation, unless remitted to the debtor; and
(c) may create a security interest in the collateral.
(4) If the secured party is a buyer of accounts, chattel paper, payment intangibles, or promissory notes or a consignor:
(a) subsection (1) does not apply unless the secured party is entitled by agreement:
(i) to charge back uncollected collateral; or
(ii) otherwise to full or limited recourse against the debtor or a secondary obligor based on the nonpayment or other default of an account debtor or other obligor on the collateral; and
(b) subsections (2) and (3) do not apply.
History: En. Sec. 16, Ch. 305, L. 1999; Sec. 30-9-217, MCA 1999; redes. 30-9A-207 by Code Commissioner, 2001; amd. Sec. 76, Ch. 575, L. 2005.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9A. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions › Part 2. Effectiveness of Security Agreement -- Attachment of Security Interest -- Rights of Parties to Security Agreement › 30-9A-209. Duties of secured party if account debtor has been notified of assignment

30-9A-209. Duties of secured party if account debtor has been notified of assignment.
(1) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (3), this section applies if:
(a) there is no outstanding secured obligation; and
(b) the secured party is not committed to make advances, incur obligations, or otherwise give value.
(2) Within 10 days after receiving an authenticated demand by the debtor, a secured party shall send to an account debtor that has received notification of an assignment to the secured party as assignee under 30-9A-406(1) an authenticated record that releases the account debtor from any further obligation to the secured party.
(3) This section does not apply to an assignment constituting the sale of an account, chattel paper, or payment intangible.
History: En. Sec. 18, Ch. 305, L. 1999; Sec. 30-9-219, MCA 1999; redes. 30-9A-209 by Code Commissioner, 2001.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9A. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions › Part 3. Perfection and Priority › 30-9A-301. Law governing perfection and priority of security interests

30-9A-301. Law governing perfection and priority of security interests.
Except as otherwise provided in 30-9A-303 through 30-9A-306, the following rules determine the law governing perfection, the effect of perfection or nonperfection, and the priority of a security interest in collateral:
(1) Except as otherwise provided in this section, while a debtor is located in a jurisdiction, the local law of that jurisdiction governs perfection, the effect of perfection or nonperfection, and the priority of a security interest in collateral.
(2) While collateral is located in a jurisdiction, the local law of that jurisdiction governs perfection, the effect of perfection or nonperfection, and the priority of a possessory security interest in that collateral.
(3) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (4), while tangible negotiable documents, goods, instruments, money, or tangible chattel paper is located in a jurisdiction, the local law of that jurisdiction governs:
(a) perfection of a security interest in the goods by filing a fixture filing;
(b) perfection of a security interest in timber to be cut; and
(c) the effect of perfection or nonperfection and the priority of a nonpossessory security interest in the collateral.
(4) The local law of the jurisdiction in which the wellhead or minehead is located governs perfection, the effect of perfection or nonperfection, and the priority of a security interest in as-extracted collateral.
History: En. Sec. 20, Ch. 305, L. 1999; Sec. 30-9-321, MCA 1999; redes. 30-9A-301 by Code Commissioner, 2001; amd. Sec. 78, Ch. 575, L. 2005.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9A. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions › Part 3. Perfection and Priority › 30-9A-302. Law governing perfection and priority of agricultural liens

30-9A-302. Law governing perfection and priority of agricultural liens.
Subject to the provisions of 30-9A-501, while farm products are located in a jurisdiction, the local law of that jurisdiction governs perfection, the effect of perfection or nonperfection, and the priority of an agricultural lien on the farm products.
History: En. Sec. 21, Ch. 305, L. 1999; Sec. 30-9-322, MCA 1999; redes. 30-9A-302 by Code Commissioner, 2001; amd. Sec. 2, Ch. 207, L. 2005.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9A. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions › Part 3. Perfection and Priority › 30-9A-303. Law governing perfection and priority of security interests in goods covered by a certificate of title

30-9A-303. Law governing perfection and priority of security interests in goods covered by a certificate of title.
(1) This section applies to goods covered by a certificate of title, even if there is no other relationship between the jurisdiction under whose certificate of title the goods are covered and the goods or the debtor.
(2) Goods become covered by a certificate of title when a valid application for the certificate of title and the applicable fee are delivered to the appropriate authority. Goods cease to be covered by a certificate of title at the earlier of the time the certificate of title ceases to be effective under the law of the issuing jurisdiction or the time the goods become covered subsequently by a certificate of title issued by another jurisdiction.
(3) The local law of the jurisdiction under whose certificate of title the goods are covered governs perfection, the effect of perfection or nonperfection, and the priority of a security interest in goods covered by a certificate of title from the time the goods become covered by the certificate of title until the goods cease to be covered by the certificate of title.
History: En. Sec. 22, Ch. 305, L. 1999; Sec. 30-9-323, MCA 1999; redes. 30-9A-303 by Code Commissioner, 2001.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9A. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions › Part 3. Perfection and Priority › 30-9A-304. Law governing perfection and priority of security interests in deposit accounts

30-9A-304. Law governing perfection and priority of security interests in deposit accounts.
(1) The local law of a bank's jurisdiction governs perfection, the effect of perfection or nonperfection, and the priority of a security interest in a deposit account maintained with that bank.
(2) The following rules determine a bank's jurisdiction for purposes of this part:
(a) If an agreement between the bank and the debtor governing the deposit account expressly provides that a particular jurisdiction is the bank's jurisdiction for purposes of chapters 1 through 9A or this part, that jurisdiction is the bank's jurisdiction.
(b) If subsection (2)(a) does not apply and an agreement between the bank and its customer governing the deposit account expressly provides that the agreement is governed by the law of a particular jurisdiction, that jurisdiction is the bank's jurisdiction.
(c) If subsection (2)(a) or (2)(b) does not apply and an agreement between the bank and its customer governing the deposit account expressly provides that the deposit account is maintained at an office in a particular jurisdiction, that jurisdiction is the bank's jurisdiction.
(d) If none of the preceding subsections apply, the bank's jurisdiction is the jurisdiction in which the office identified in an account statement as the office serving the customer's account is located.
(e) If none of the preceding subsections apply, the bank's jurisdiction is the jurisdiction in which the chief executive office of the bank is located.
History: En. Sec. 23, Ch. 305, L. 1999; Sec. 30-9-324, MCA 1999; redes. 30-9A-304 by Code Commissioner, 2001.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9A. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions › Part 3. Perfection and Priority › 30-9A-306. Law governing perfection and priority of security interests in letter-of-credit rights

30-9A-306. Law governing perfection and priority of security interests in letter-of-credit rights.
(1) Subject to subsection (3), the local law of the issuer's jurisdiction or a nominated person's jurisdiction governs perfection, the effect of perfection or nonperfection, and the priority of a security interest in a letter-of-credit right if the issuer's jurisdiction or nominated person's jurisdiction is a state.
(2) For purposes of this part, an issuer's jurisdiction or nominated person's jurisdiction is the jurisdiction whose law governs the liability of the issuer or nominated person with respect to the letter-of-credit right as provided in 30-5-136.
(3) This section does not apply to a security interest that is perfected only under 30-9A-308(4).
History: En. Sec. 25, Ch. 305, L. 1999; Sec. 30-9-326, MCA 1999; redes. 30-9A-306 by Code Commissioner, 2001.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9A. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions › Part 3. Perfection and Priority › 30-9A-308. When security interest or agricultural lien is perfected -- continuity of perfection

30-9A-308. When security interest or agricultural lien is perfected -- continuity of perfection.
(1) Except as otherwise provided in 30-9A-309 and this section, a security interest is perfected if it has attached and all of the applicable requirements for perfection in 30-9A-310 through 30-9A-316 have been satisfied. A security interest is perfected when it attaches if the applicable requirements are satisfied before the security interest attaches.
(2) An agricultural lien is perfected if it has become effective and all of the applicable requirements for perfection in 30-9A-310 have been satisfied. An agricultural lien is perfected when it becomes effective if the applicable requirements are satisfied before the agricultural lien becomes effective.
(3) A security interest or agricultural lien is perfected continuously if it is originally perfected in one manner under this chapter and is later perfected in another manner under this chapter, without an intermediate period when it was unperfected.
(4) Perfection of a security interest in collateral also perfects a security interest in a supporting obligation for the collateral.
(5) Perfection of a security interest in a right to payment or performance also perfects a security interest in a security interest, mortgage, or other lien on personal or real property securing the right.
(6) Perfection of a security interest in a securities account also perfects a security interest in the security entitlements carried in the securities account.
(7) Perfection of a security interest in a commodity account also perfects a security interest in the commodity contracts carried in the commodity account.
History: En. Sec. 27, Ch. 305, L. 1999; Sec. 30-9-328, MCA 1999; redes. 30-9A-308 by Code Commissioner, 2001.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9A. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions › Part 3. Perfection and Priority › 30-9A-309. Security interest perfected on attachment

30-9A-309. Security interest perfected on attachment.
The following security interests are perfected when they attach:
(1) a purchase-money security interest in consumer goods, except as otherwise provided in 30-9A-311(2) with respect to consumer goods that are subject to a statute or treaty described in 30-9A-311(1);
(2) an assignment of accounts or payment intangibles that does not by itself or in conjunction with other assignments to the same assignee transfer a significant part of the assignor's outstanding accounts or payment intangibles;
(3) a sale of a payment intangible;
(4) a sale of a promissory note;
(5) a security interest created by the assignment of a health-care-insurance receivable to the provider of the health care goods or services;
(6) a security interest arising under 30-2-401, 30-2-505, 30-2-711(3), or 30-2A-508(5), until the debtor obtains possession of the collateral;
(7) a security interest of a collecting bank arising under 30-4-208;
(8) a security interest of an issuer or nominated person arising under 30-5-118;
(9) a security interest arising in the purchase or delivery of a financial asset under 30-9A-206(3);
(10) a security interest in investment property created by a broker or securities intermediary;
(11) a security interest in a commodity contract or a commodity account created by a commodity intermediary;
(12) an assignment for the benefit of all creditors of the transferor and subsequent transfers by the assignee thereunder; and
(13) a security interest created by an assignment of a beneficial interest in a decedent's estate.
History: En. Sec. 28, Ch. 305, L. 1999; Sec. 30-9-329, MCA 1999; redes. 30-9A-309 by Code Commissioner, 2001.
2023 Montana Code Annotated › Title 30. Trade and Commerce › Chapter 9A. Uniform Commercial Code Secured Transactions › Part 3. Perfection and Priority › 30-9A-310. When filing required to perfect security interest or agricultural lien -- security interests and agricultural liens to which filing provisions do not apply

30-9A-310. When filing required to perfect security interest or agricultural lien -- security interests and agricultural liens to which filing provisions do not apply.
(1) Except as otherwise provided in 30-9A-312(2) or subsection (2) of this section, a financing statement must be filed to perfect all security interests and agricultural liens.
(2) The filing of a financing statement is not necessary to perfect a security interest:
(a) that is perfected under 30-9A-308(4), (5), (6), or (7);
(b) that is perfected under 30-9A-309 when it attaches;
(c) in property subject to a statute, regulation, or treaty described in 30-9A-311(1);
(d) in goods in possession of a bailee that is perfected under 30-9A-312(4)(a) or (4)(b);
(e) in certificated securities, documents, goods, or instruments that is perfected without filing or possession under 30-9A-312(5), (6), or (7);
(f) in collateral in the secured party's possession under 30-9A-313;
(g) in a certificated security that is perfected by delivery of the security certificate to the secured party under 30-9A-313;
(h) in a deposit account, electronic chattel paper, electronic document, investment property, or letter-of-credit right that is perfected by control under 30-9A-314;
(i) in proceeds which is perfected under 30-9A-315; or
(j) that is perfected under 30-9A-316.
(3) If a secured party assigns a perfected security interest or agricultural lien, a filing under this chapter is not required to continue the perfected status of the security interest against creditors of and transferees from the original debtor.
History: En. Sec. 29, Ch. 305, L. 1999; Sec. 30-9-330, MCA 1999; redes. 30-9A-310 by Code Commissioner, 2001; amd. Sec. 79, Ch. 575, L. 2005.