2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 450 - Corporations › Act 23 of 1993 - Michigan Limited Liability Company Act (450.4101 - 450.5200) › Article 1 - (450.4101...450.4106) › Section 450.4102 - Definitions.

450.4102 Definitions.
Sec. 102.
(1) Unless the context requires otherwise, the definitions in this section control the interpretation of this act.
(2) As used in this act:
(a) "Administrator" means the director of the department or his or her designated representative.
(b) "Articles of organization" means the original documents filed to organize a limited liability company, as amended or restated by certificates of correction, amendment, or merger, by restated articles, or by other instruments filed or issued under any statute.
(c) "Constituent" means a party to a plan of merger, including the survivor.
(d) "Contribution" means anything of value that a person contributes to the limited liability company as a prerequisite for, or in connection with, membership, including cash, property, services performed, or a promissory note or other binding obligation to contribute cash or property, or to perform services.
(e) "Corporation" or "domestic corporation" means any of the following:
(i) A corporation formed under the business corporation act, 1972 PA 284, MCL 450.1101 to 450.2098.
(ii) A corporation existing on January 1, 1973 and formed under another statute of this state for a purpose for which a corporation may be formed under the business corporation act, 1972 PA 284, MCL 450.1101 to 450.2098.
(iii) A corporation formed under former 1962 PA 192.
(f) "Department" means the department of licensing and regulatory affairs.
(g) "Distribution" means a direct or indirect transfer of money or other property or the incurrence of indebtedness by a limited liability company to or for the benefit of its members or assignees of its members in respect of the members' membership interests.
(h) "Electronic transmission" or "electronically transmitted" means any form of communication that meets all of the following:
(i) It does not directly involve the physical transmission of paper.
(ii) It creates a record that may be retained and retrieved by the recipient.
(iii) It may be directly reproduced in paper form by the recipient through an automated process.
(i) "Foreign limited liability company" means a limited liability company formed under laws other than the laws of this state.
(j) "Foreign limited partnership" means a limited partnership formed under laws other than the laws of this state.
(k) "Limited liability company" or "domestic limited liability company" means an entity that is an unincorporated membership organization formed under this act.
(l) "Limited partnership" or "domestic limited partnership" means a limited partnership formed under the Michigan revised uniform limited partnership act, 1982 PA 213, MCL 449.1101 to 449.2108.
(m) "Low-profit limited liability company" means a limited liability company that has included in its articles of organization a purpose that meets, and that at all times conducts its activities to meet, all of the following requirements:
(i) The limited liability company significantly furthers the accomplishment of 1 or more charitable or educational purposes described in section 170(c)(2)(B) of the internal revenue code of 1986, 26 USC 170, and would not have been formed except to accomplish those charitable or educational purposes.
(ii) The production of income or appreciation of property is not a significant purpose of the limited liability company. However, in the absence of other factors, the fact that a limited liability company produces significant income or capital appreciation is not conclusive evidence of a significant purpose involving the production of income or the appreciation of property.
(iii) The purposes of the limited liability company do not include accomplishing 1 or more political or legislative purposes described in section 170(c)(2)(D) of the internal revenue code of 1986, 26 USC 170.
(n) "Majority in interest" means a majority of votes as allocated by an operating agreement, or by the statute in the absence of an allocation by operating agreement, and held by members entitled to vote on a matter submitted for a vote by members.
(o) "Manager" or "managers" means a person or persons designated to manage the limited liability company pursuant to a provision in the articles of organization stating that the business is to be managed by or under the authority of managers.
(p) "Member" means a person that has been admitted to a limited liability company as provided in section 501, or, in the case of a foreign limited liability company, a person that is a member of the foreign limited liability company in accordance with the laws under which the foreign limited liability company is organized.
(q) "Membership interest" or "interest" means a member's rights in the limited liability company, including, but not limited to, any right to receive distributions of the limited liability company's assets and any right to vote or participate in management.
(r) "Operating agreement" means a written agreement by the member of a limited liability company that has 1 member, or between all of the members of a limited liability company that has more than 1 member, pertaining to the affairs of the limited liability company and the conduct of its business. The term includes any provision in the articles of organization pertaining to the affairs of the limited liability company and the conduct of its business.
(s) "Person" means an individual, partnership, limited liability company, trust, custodian, estate, association, corporation, nonprofit corporation, governmental entity, or any other legal entity.
(t) "Services in a learned profession" means services rendered by a dentist, an osteopathic physician, a physician, a surgeon, a doctor of divinity or other clergy, or an attorney-at-law. The term does not include services provided to residents of a nursing home, as that term is defined in section 20109 of the public health code, 1978 PA 368, MCL 333.20109, by a dentist, osteopathic physician, physician, or surgeon who is an employee or independent contractor of the nursing home.
(u) "Surviving company", "surviving entity", or "survivor" means the constituent that survives a merger, as identified in the certificate of merger.
(v) "Vote" means an affirmative vote, approval, or consent.
History:
1993, Act 23, Eff. June 1, 1993 ;-- Am. 1997, Act 52, Imd. Eff. July 1, 1997 ;-- Am. 2000, Act 336, Imd. Eff. Dec. 21, 2000 ;-- Am. 2002, Act 686, Imd. Eff. Dec. 30, 2002 ;-- Am. 2008, Act 566, Imd. Eff. Jan. 16, 2009 ;-- Am. 2010, Act 290, Imd. Eff. Dec. 16, 2010 ;-- Am. 2012, Act 568, Imd. Eff. Jan. 2, 2013 ;-- Am. 2015, Act 157, Eff. Jan. 18, 2016 ;-- Am. 2022, Act 137, Imd. Eff. July 11, 2022