reglab/statecodes huggingface dataset:
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 11 - Miscellaneous Rules › Section 21-1114 - Using Roadway Before Opened; Walking on New or Newly Repaired Roadways; Damaging Highway or Construction Materials

(a)    A person may not drive on any new roadway or newly repaired roadway before it is opened to traffic.
(b)    A person may not walk on any new roadway or newly repaired roadway before the roadway is opened to traffic.
(c)    A person may not willfully injure or damage any highway, including a highway under construction.
(d)    A person may not willfully injure or damage any work, material, or structure used in connection with the construction of a highway.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 11 - Miscellaneous Rules › Section 21-1115 - Moving or Removing Lights or Guards on Highways Prohibited

(a)    A person may not move any light or guard placed for the purpose of closing any part of a highway to traffic.
(b)    A person may not remove any light or guard placed for the purpose of closing any part of a highway to traffic.
(c)    A person may not alter the position of any light or guard placed for the purpose of closing any part of a highway to traffic.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 11 - Miscellaneous Rules › Section 21-1116 - Race or Speed Contest Prohibited

(a)    Except as provided in § 21–1211 of this title, on any highway or on any private property that is used by the public in general, a person may not drive a vehicle in a race or speed contest, whether or not on a wager or for a prize or reward.
(b)    Except as provided in § 21–1211 of this title, a person may not participate as a timekeeper or flagman in any race or speed contest specified in subsection (a) of this section.
(c)    A person convicted of a violation of subsection (a) of this section that results in serious bodily injury to another person, as defined in § 20–102(c) of this article, is subject to imprisonment not exceeding 1 year or a fine not exceeding $1,000 or both.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 11 - Miscellaneous Rules › Section 21-1117 - Skidding, Spinning of Wheels, and Excessive Noise Prohibited

(a)    (1)    This section applies throughout this State, whether on or off a highway.
(2)    For purposes of this section, any noise level above that adopted by the Administrator under § 22-601 of this article is excessive.
(b)    A person may not drive a motor vehicle in any improper manner intended to cause skidding.
(c)    A person may not drive a motor vehicle in any improper manner intended to cause spinning of wheels.
(d)    A person may not drive a motor vehicle in any improper manner intended to cause excessive noise.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 11 - Miscellaneous Rules › Section 21-1118 - School Bus Regulations

(a)    The driver of a school bus:
(1)    Is responsible for its operation; and
(2)    May not drive it into any roadway without first stopping and determining that there is no danger from any other vehicle.
(b)    The person responsible for any pupils on a school bus is:
(1)    The teacher on the bus; or
(2)    If a teacher is not present, the driver.
(c)    A person responsible for pupils on a school bus may not permit the number of standing pupils to exceed one pupil for each part of the aisle that is bounded on both sides by forward facing seats.
(d)    A person responsible for pupils on a school bus may not permit any pupil to stand if the school bus is equipped only with lengthwise or a combination of lengthwise and forward facing seats.
(e)    A person responsible for pupils on a school bus may not permit any pupil to stand in front of the stanchion and guardrail.
(f)    A person responsible for pupils on a school bus may not permit any pupil to operate the front door opening mechanism, except in an emergency.
(g)    A person responsible for pupils on a school bus may not require any pupil to sit on the floor.
(h)    Except for the driver and any fuel station attendant, a person may not occupy a school bus while it is being supplied with fuel.
(i)    Either the driver or an adult aide assigned to each school vehicle that is used to transport handicapped children shall be certified as having successfully completed a first aid-safety course approved by the Department of Education.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 11 - Miscellaneous Rules › Section 21-1119 - Snow Emergency Routes

(a)    In this section, “snow tires” means those tires that are in a good state of repair and that:
(1)    Are normally designated by their manufacturer as snow tires;
(2)    Are approved by the Administrator as meeting the standards of effectiveness required of normally designated snow tires; or
(3)    Have antiskid patterns cut into the treaded surfaces to form bars, buttons, or blocks specially designed to give effective traction on snow or ice-covered highways.
(b)    Subject to the prior approval of the governing body of the county affected, the State Highway Administration may designate, as it considers appropriate, any State highway, as defined in § 8-101 of this article, as a “snow emergency route”. When a highway is so designated, appropriate signs indicating this designation shall be placed along the highway.
(c)    The Secretary of State Police or the Secretary’s representative may declare a snow emergency for all snow emergency routes as a whole or for any one or more snow emergency routes, as the Secretary or the Secretary’s representative considers necessary. The snow emergency shall continue in effect until the Secretary or the Secretary’s representative declares it to be no longer necessary.
(d)    A person may not drive or attempt to drive a motor vehicle, other than a motorcycle, on any highway that is designated and appropriately signposted as a snow emergency route and for which a snow emergency has been declared and is in effect, unless the vehicle is equipped with chains or snow tires on at least one wheel at each end of a driving axle.
(e)    A person may not park a vehicle on any highway that is designated and appropriately signposted as a snow emergency route and for which a snow emergency has been declared and is in effect. The Department of State Police or the police of any political subdivision of this State may have any vehicle parked in violation of this subsection towed from the highway.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 11 - Miscellaneous Rules › Section 21-1120 - Wearing Earphones, Headsets, etc., Prohibited

(a)    A person may not drive a motor vehicle on any highway or on any private property that is used by the public in general in this State while the person is wearing over or in both ears earplugs.
(b)    A person may not drive a motor vehicle on any highway or on any private property that is used by the public in general in this State while the person is wearing over or in both ears a headset.
(c)    A person may not drive a motor vehicle on any highway or on any private property that is used by the public in general in this State while the person is wearing over or in both ears earphones attached to a radio, tape player, or other audio device.
(d)    The provisions of subsections (a), (b), and (c) of this section do not apply to:
(1)    A person engaged in the operation of either special construction equipment or equipment for use in the maintenance of any highway;
(2)    A person engaged in the operation of refuse collection equipment who is wearing a safety headset or safety earplugs;
(3)    A person wearing personal hearing protectors in the form of custom earplugs or molds that are designed to reduce injurious noise levels. However, custom plugs or molds shall be designed in such a manner as to not inhibit the wearer’s ability to hear a siren or horn from an emergency vehicle or a horn from another vehicle; or
(4)    A person wearing a prosthetic device used to aid the hard of hearing.
(e)    (1)    The provisions of subsections (a) and (c) of this section do not apply to a person operating an authorized emergency vehicle under emergency conditions.
(2)    The provisions of subsection (b) of this section do not apply to a person operating an authorized emergency vehicle:
(i)    Under emergency conditions; or
(ii)    Who is wearing a headset for the purpose of communicating with other emergency personnel.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 11 - Miscellaneous Rules › Section 21-1121 - Children in Rear of Pickup Trucks

(a)    This section applies only to a Class E (truck) vehicle registered or of a type capable of being registered in this State as a Class E (truck) vehicle with a manufacturer’s rated capacity of 3/4 ton or less, the gross vehicle weight of which does not exceed 7,000 pounds.
(b)    (1)    Subject to paragraph (2) of this subsection, this section does not apply to:
(i)    A vehicle traveling at a speed of not more than 25 miles per hour; or
(ii)    The transportation of:
1.    An employee to or from a work site by the employer of the employee; or
2.    An individual in a vehicle engaged in farming operations.
(2)    This subsection may not be construed as to eliminate applicable child safety seat and seat belt requirements under §§ 22-412.2 and 22-412.3 of this article.
(c)    An individual may not drive a Class E (truck) vehicle on a highway in the State while a passenger under the age of 16 years is riding in an unenclosed bed of the vehicle.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 11 - Miscellaneous Rules › Section 21-1122 - Noise Limitations on Use of Sound Amplification Systems

(a)    In this section, “sound amplification system” means a compact disc player, a radio, a tape player, or a similar device.
(b)    This section does not apply to:
(1)    Authorized emergency vehicles;
(2)    Vehicles operated by communications, electric, gas, or water utilities;
(3)    A sound amplification system operated to request assistance or to warn of a hazardous situation; or
(4)    Unless otherwise prohibited by local law, a sound amplification system used for advertising, parades, or for political or other special events.
(c)    When a motor vehicle is being operated on a highway, the driver of the vehicle may not operate or permit the operation of a sound amplification system from the vehicle that can be heard outside the vehicle from 50 or more feet.
(d)    A violation of this section is not considered a moving violation for purposes of § 16–402 of this article.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 11 - Miscellaneous Rules › Section 21-1123 - Prohibition Against Transporting Minors as Passengers by a Minor Holding Provisional Driver's License

(a)    (1)    The provisions of this subsection do not apply if the holder of the provisional driver’s license is driving while accompanied by and under the immediate supervision of an individual who:
(i)    Is at least 21 years old;
(ii)    Has been licensed for at least 3 years in this State or in another state to drive vehicles of the class then being driven by the holder of the provisional driver’s license; and
(iii)    Is seated beside the holder of the provisional driver’s license.
(2)    Except as provided in paragraph (3) of this subsection, a holder of a provisional driver’s license who is under the age of 18 years may not drive a motor vehicle with a passenger under the age of 18 years.
(3)    The prohibition under paragraph (2) of this subsection:
(i)    Shall be in effect from the date the provisional license is originally issued until the 151st day after the provisional license was issued; and
(ii)    Does not apply to a passenger who is:
1.    A spouse, daughter, son, stepdaughter, stepson, sister, brother, stepsister, or stepbrother of the licensee; or
2.    A relative of the licensee who resides at the same address as the licensee.
(b)    A police officer may enforce this section only as a secondary action when the police officer detains a driver for a suspected violation of another provision of the Code.
(c)    A violation of this section is a moving violation for the purposes of § 16-402 of this article.
(d)    (1)    If the Administration receives satisfactory evidence that an individual has violated this section, the Administration may suspend or revoke the individual’s driver’s license.
(2)    An individual may request a hearing as provided for a suspension or revocation under Title 16, Subtitle 2 of this article.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 11 - Miscellaneous Rules › Section 21-1124 - Prohibition Against Use of Wireless Communication Device While Driving by Minor Holding Learner's Permit or Provisional License

(a)    (1)    In this section the following words have the meanings indicated.
(2)    “9–1–1 system” has the meaning stated in § 1–301 of the Public Safety Article.
(3)    “Wireless communication device” means a handheld or hands–free device used to access a wireless telephone service.
(b)    This section does not apply to the use of a wireless communication device:
(1)    To contact a 9–1–1 system; or
(2)    As a text messaging device as defined in § 21–1124.1 of this subtitle.
(c)    An individual who is under the age of 18 years may not use a wireless communication device while operating a motor vehicle.
(d)    (1)    If the Administration receives satisfactory evidence that an individual has violated this section, the Administration:
(i)    May suspend the individual’s driver’s license for not more than 90 days; and
(ii)    May issue a restricted license for the period of suspension that is limited to driving a motor vehicle:
1.    In the course of the individual’s employment;
2.    For the purpose of driving to or from a place of employment; or
3.    For the purpose of driving to or from school.
(2)    An individual may request a hearing as provided for a suspension or revocation under Title 12, Subtitle 2 of this article.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 11 - Miscellaneous Rules › Section 21-1124.1 - Text Messaging Prohibited

(a)    (1)    In this section the following words have the meanings indicated.
(2)    “9–1–1 system” has the meaning stated in § 1–301 of the Public Safety Article.
(3)    “Text messaging device” means a handheld device used to send a text message or an electronic message via a short message service, wireless telephone service, or electronic communication network.
(b)    Subject to subsection (c) of this section, an individual may not use a text messaging device to write, send, or read a text message or an electronic message while operating a motor vehicle in the travel portion of the roadway.
(c)    This section does not apply to the use of:
(1)    A global positioning system; or
(2)    A text messaging device to contact a 9–1–1 system.
(d)    (1)    If the Administration receives satisfactory evidence that an individual who is under the age of 18 years has violated this section, the Administration:
(i)    May suspend the individual’s driver’s license for not more than 90 days; and
(ii)    May issue a restricted license for the period of suspension that is limited to driving a motor vehicle:
1.    In the course of the individual’s employment;
2.    For the purpose of driving to or from a place of employment; or
3.    For the purpose of driving to or from school.
(2)    An individual may request a hearing as provided for a suspension or revocation under Title 12, Subtitle 2 of this article.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 11 - Miscellaneous Rules › Section 21-1124.2 - Communications Traffic Safety Act

(a)    (1)    In this section the following words have the meanings indicated.
(2)    “Handheld telephone” means a handheld device used to access wireless telephone service.
(3)    “9–1–1 system” has the meaning stated in § 1–301 of the Public Safety Article.
(b)    This section does not apply to:
(1)    Emergency use of a handheld telephone, including calls to:
(i)    A 9–1–1 system;
(ii)    A hospital;
(iii)    An ambulance service provider;
(iv)    A fire department;
(v)    A law enforcement agency; or
(vi)    A first aid squad;
(2)    Use of a handheld telephone by the following individuals when acting within the scope of official duty:
(i)    Law enforcement personnel; and
(ii)    Emergency personnel;
(3)    Use of a handheld telephone as a text messaging device as defined in § 21–1124.1 of this subtitle; and
(4)    Use of a handheld telephone as a communication device utilizing push–to–talk technology by an individual operating a commercial motor vehicle, as defined in 49 C.F.R. Part 390.5 of the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations.
(c)    The following individuals may not use a handheld telephone while operating a motor vehicle:
(1)    A driver of a Class H (school) vehicle that is carrying passengers and in motion; and
(2)    A holder of a learner’s instructional permit or a provisional driver’s license who is 18 years of age or older.
(d)    (1)    This subsection does not apply to an individual specified in subsection (c) of this section.
(2)    A driver of a motor vehicle that is in motion may not use the driver’s hands to use a handheld telephone other than to initiate or terminate a wireless telephone call or to turn on or turn off the handheld telephone.
(e)    (1)    A person convicted of a violation of this section is subject to the following penalties:
(i)    For a first offense, a fine of not more than $75;
(ii)    For a second offense, a fine of not more than $125; and
(iii)    For a third or subsequent offense, a fine of not more than $175.
(2)    Points may not be assessed against the individual under § 16–402 of this article unless the offense contributes to an accident.
(f)    The court may waive a penalty under subsection (e) of this section for a person who:
(1)    Is convicted of a first offense under this section; and
(2)    Provides proof that the person has acquired a hands–free accessory, an attachment or add–on, a built–in feature, or an addition for the person’s handheld telephone that will allow the person to operate a motor vehicle in accordance with this section.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 11 - Miscellaneous Rules › Section 21-1124.3 - Violation of 21-1124.1 or 21-1124.2 or This Section That Causes Accident Resulting in Death or Serious Bodily Injury Prohibited

(a)    A person may not commit a violation of § 21–1124.1 or § 21–1124.2 of this subtitle that causes an accident that directly results in the death or, as defined in § 20–102(c) of this article, serious bodily injury of another person.
(b)    A person convicted of a violation of this section is subject to imprisonment not exceeding 1 year or a fine not exceeding $5,000 or both.
(c)    A sentence imposed under this section shall be separate from and concurrent with any other sentence imposed for any crime based wholly or partly on the act establishing the violation of this section.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 11 - Miscellaneous Rules › Section 21-1125 - Limitations on Driving Low Speed Vehicles

Notwithstanding any other provision of this title, a person may not drive a low speed vehicle:
(1)    On a highway for which the posted maximum speed limit exceeds 30 miles per hour;
(2)    On an expressway or another controlled access highway that is signed in accordance with § 21-313 of this title;
(3)    On a highway on which driving a low speed vehicle is prohibited by a county or municipal ordinance; or
(4)    Across a highway for which the posted maximum speed limit exceeds 45 miles per hour, except at an intersection that is controlled by:
(i)    A traffic control signal; or
(ii)    A stop sign at each approach to the intersection.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 11 - Miscellaneous Rules › Section 21-1126 - Recording Illegal Activity

(a)    In this section, “violation” means:
(1)    A violation of the Maryland Vehicle Law that is punishable by a sentence of imprisonment; or
(2)    A violation of § 21–901.1(a) of this title.
(b)    A person may not commit or engage another person to commit a violation for the purpose of filming, videotaping, photographing, or otherwise recording the violation unless the person obtains written permission for the commission of the violation from:
(1)    The Secretary of State Police, or the Secretary’s designee; or
(2)    The chief executive officer of the governing body of the county in which the violation is to occur, or the chief executive officer’s designee.
(c)    A person convicted of a violation of this section is subject to imprisonment not exceeding 1 year or a fine not exceeding $1,000 or both.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 11 - Miscellaneous Rules › Section 21-1127 - Operation of Limousine of Certain Size

(a)    An individual may not operate for hire a motor vehicle designed to carry 15 or fewer passengers, including the driver, unless the individual holds a valid for–hire driver’s license or transportation network operator’s license issued by the Public Service Commission or the appropriate local authority.
(b)    A person may not allow an individual to operate for hire a motor vehicle designed to carry 15 or fewer passengers, including the driver, unless the individual operating the motor vehicle holds a valid for–hire driver’s license or transportation network operator’s license issued by the Public Service Commission or the appropriate local authority.
(c)    A person convicted of a violation of this section is subject to imprisonment not exceeding 1 year or a fine not exceeding $1,000 or both.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 11 - Miscellaneous Rules › Section 21-1128 - Dispensing of Motor Fuel Into Dirt Bike

(a)    (1)    In this section the following words have the meanings indicated.
(2)    (i)    “Dirt bike” means any motorcycle or similar vehicle that is not required to be registered under Title 13 of this article.
(ii)    “Dirt bike” includes:
1.    A motorized minibike, as defined in § 11–134.4 of this article; and
2.    An all–terrain vehicle with either 3 or 4 wheels.
(iii)    “Dirt bike” does not include:
1.    A moped, as defined in § 11–134.1 of this article; or
2.    A motor scooter, as defined in § 11–134.5 of this article.
(3)    “Service station” means a place of business where motor fuel is sold and delivered into the fuel supply tanks of motor vehicles.
(b)    (1)    This section applies only in Baltimore City.
(2)    This section does not apply to an owner or employee of a service station who is subject to the provisions of the Baltimore City Code prohibiting the selling, transferring, or dispensing of motor fuel for delivery into a dirt bike.
(c)    A person may not dispense motor fuel into a dirt bike from a retail pump at a service station.
(d)    (1)    A person convicted of a violation of this section is subject to imprisonment not exceeding 90 days or a fine not exceeding $1,000 or both.
(2)    (i)    Subject to subparagraph (ii) of this paragraph and notwithstanding any other law, if a minor is the defendant or child respondent in a proceeding under this section, the court may order that a fine imposed under this subsection be paid by:
1.    The minor;
2.    A parent or guardian of the minor; or
3.    Both the minor and a parent or guardian of the minor.
(ii)    1.    A court may not order a parent or guardian of a minor to pay a fine under this paragraph unless the parent or guardian has been given a reasonable opportunity to be heard and to present evidence.
2.    A hearing under this subparagraph may be held as part of the sentencing or disposition hearing.
(e)    (1)    If a person is convicted of a violation of this section, the court shall notify the Administration of the conviction.
(2)    Subject to the provisions of paragraph (3) of this subsection, on receipt of the notice described under paragraph (1) of this subsection the Administration:
(i)    For a first violation, may suspend the person’s driver’s license for up to 30 days; and
(ii)    For a second or subsequent violation, shall suspend the person’s driver’s license for 30 days.
(3)    Subject to the provisions of Title 12, Subtitle 2 of this article, a licensee may request a hearing on a suspension under this section.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 11 - Miscellaneous Rules › Section 21-1129 - Driving While Video and Electronic Display Equipment Are On

A person may not drive a motor vehicle on a highway if the motor vehicle is equipped with television–type receiving equipment or video display equipment, as defined under § 22–414.1 of this article, that is turned on and displaying an image visible to the driver.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 11 - Miscellaneous Rules › Section 21-1130 - Requirements for Operation of All-Terrain Vehicle or Snowmobile on Public Property

An individual under the age of 16 years may not operate an all–terrain vehicle or a snowmobile on public property unless the individual is accompanied by an adult who holds a valid driver’s license.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 11 - Miscellaneous Rules › Section 21-1131 - Causing Diesel Emissions to Discharge Onto Another Prohibited; Exceptions

(a)    Except as provided in subsection (b) of this section, a person may not knowingly or intentionally cause a diesel–powered motor vehicle to discharge clearly visible smoke, soot, or other exhaust emissions onto another person or motor vehicle.
(b)    This section does not apply to a person operating:
(1)    A diesel–powered vehicle that discharges visible exhaust as the result of normal acceleration or towing;
(2)    A commercial vehicle with a gross weight of 10,000 pounds or more; or
(3)    A construction vehicle operating at a construction site.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 11 - Miscellaneous Rules › Section 21-1133 - Driving in Dedicated Bus Lane Prohibited -- Exceptions

(a)    Except as provided in subsection (b) of this section, a person may not drive a vehicle in a dedicated bus lane unless authorized by the local jurisdiction in which the dedicated bus lane is located.
(b)    The following vehicles may be driven in a dedicated bus lane:
(1)    A transit vehicle owned, operated, or contracted for by the Maryland Transit Administration or a local department of transportation;
(2)    A school bus;
(3)    A bicycle;
(4)    An emergency vehicle; and
(5)    A vehicle making a right turn at the next immediate intersection.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 12 - Operation of Bicycles and Play Vehicles › Section 21-1201 - Scope of Subtitle

(a)    The parent of any minor or the guardian of any ward may not authorize the minor or ward to violate any provision of this subtitle.
(b)    The parent of any minor or the guardian of any ward may not knowingly permit the minor or ward to violate any provision of this subtitle.
(c)    With the exceptions stated in this subtitle, the provisions of this subtitle that are applicable to bicycles apply whenever a bicycle, an EPAMD, a motor scooter, or a personal delivery device, as defined in § 21–104.5 of this title, is operated on any highway or whenever a bicycle or an EPAMD is operated on any path set aside for the exclusive use of bicycles.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 12 - Operation of Bicycles and Play Vehicles › Section 21-1202 - Traffic and Pedestrian Laws Apply to Bicycles, Motor Scooters, Play Vehicles, or Unicycles

(a)    Every person operating a bicycle or a motor scooter in a public bicycle area has all the rights granted to and is subject to all the duties required of the driver of a vehicle by this title, including the duties set forth in § 21–504 of this title, except:
(1)    As otherwise provided in this subtitle; and
(2)    For those provisions of this title that by their very nature cannot apply.
(b)    (1)    Subject to paragraphs (2) and (3) of this subsection, a person has the rights and is subject to the restrictions applicable to pedestrians under this title while the person is lawfully operating a bicycle, play vehicle, or unicycle:
(i)    On a sidewalk or sidewalk area; or
(ii)    In or through a crosswalk.
(2)    At an intersection, a person operating a bicycle, play vehicle, or unicycle is subject to all traffic control signals, as provided in §§ 21–202 and 21–203 of this title.
(3)    Section 21–506 of this title does not apply to a person operating a bicycle, play vehicle, or unicycle.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 12 - Operation of Bicycles and Play Vehicles › Section 21-1203 - Riding on Bicycles or Motor Scooters

(a)    The operator of a bicycle or a motor scooter may ride the bicycle or motor scooter only:
(1)    On or astride a permanent and regular seat securely attached to it; or
(2)    For an electric low speed scooter, by standing on a platform designed to carry the operator.
(b)    A bicycle may not carry any passenger unless it is designed for and equipped with a seat securely attached to it for each passenger.
(c)    A motor scooter may not carry any passenger unless it is designed for and equipped with a seat securely attached to it and footrests for each passenger.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 12 - Operation of Bicycles and Play Vehicles › Section 21-1204 - Clinging to Vehicles

(a)    This section does not apply to any log skid, drag, or farm sled while used in agricultural or forestry practices.
(b)    A person riding on any bicycle or motor scooter may not attach it or himself to any vehicle on a roadway.
(c)    A person riding on any play vehicle may not attach it or himself to any vehicle on a roadway.
(d)    A person riding on any coaster may not attach it or himself to any vehicle on a roadway.
(e)    A person riding on any skateboard may not attach it or himself to any vehicle on a roadway.
(f)    A person riding on any roller skates may not attach them or himself to any vehicle on a roadway.
(g)    A person riding on any sled may not attach it or himself to any vehicle on a roadway.
(h)    A person riding on any toy vehicle may not attach it or himself to any vehicle on a roadway.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 12 - Operation of Bicycles and Play Vehicles › Section 21-1205 - Riding on Roadways or on Highway

(a)    Each person operating a bicycle or a motor scooter at a speed less than the speed of traffic at the time and place and under the conditions then existing on a roadway shall ride as near to the right side of the roadway as practicable and safe, except when:
(1)    Making or attempting to make a left turn;
(2)    Operating on a one-way street;
(3)    Passing a stopped or slower moving vehicle;
(4)    Avoiding pedestrians or road hazards;
(5)    The right lane is a right turn only lane; or
(6)    Operating in a lane that is too narrow for a bicycle or motor scooter and another vehicle to travel safely side by side within the lane.
(b)    Each person operating a bicycle or a motor scooter on a roadway may ride two abreast only if the flow of traffic is unimpeded.
(c)    Each person operating a bicycle or a motor scooter on a roadway shall exercise due care when passing a vehicle.
(d)    Each person operating a bicycle or a motor scooter on a roadway may walk the bicycle or motor scooter on the right side of a highway if there is no sidewalk.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 12 - Operation of Bicycles and Play Vehicles › Section 21-1205.1 - Bicycles, Motor Scooters, and Epamds Prohibited on Certain Roadways and Highways; Speed Limit

(a)    (1)    Notwithstanding any other provision of this title, a person may not ride a bicycle or a motor scooter:
(i)    Except as provided in paragraph (2) of this subsection, on any roadway where the posted maximum speed limit is more than 50 miles per hour; or
(ii)    On any expressway, except on an adjacent bicycle path or way approved by the State Highway Administration, or on any other controlled access highway signed in accordance with § 21–313 of this title.
(2)    If a person is lawfully operating a bicycle or a motor scooter on a shoulder adjacent to a roadway for which the posted maximum speed limit is more than 50 miles per hour, the person may enter the roadway only if:
(i)    Making or attempting to make a left turn;
(ii)    Crossing through an intersection; or
(iii)    The shoulder is overlaid with a right turn lane, a merge lane, a bypass lane, or any other marking that breaks the continuity of the shoulder.
(b)    (1)    Where there is not a bike lane paved to a smooth surface, a person operating a bicycle or a motor scooter may use the roadway or the shoulder.
(2)    Where there is a bike lane paved to a smooth surface, a person operating a bicycle or a motor scooter shall use the bike lane and may not ride on the roadway, except in the following situations:
(i)    When overtaking and passing another bicycle, motor scooter, pedestrian, or other vehicle within the bike lane if the overtaking and passing cannot be done safely within the bike lane;
(ii)    When preparing for a left turn at an intersection or into an alley, private road, or driveway;
(iii)    When reasonably necessary to leave the bike lane to avoid debris or other hazardous condition; or
(iv)    When reasonably necessary to leave the bike lane because the bike lane is overlaid with a right turn lane, merge lane, or other marking that breaks the continuity of the bike lane.
(3)    A person operating a bicycle or a motor scooter may not leave a bike lane until the movement can be made with reasonable safety and then only after giving an appropriate signal.
(4)    The Department shall adopt regulations pertaining to this subsection, including a definition of “smooth surface”.
(c)    A motor scooter may not be operated at a speed in excess of 30 miles per hour.
(d)    Notwithstanding any other provision of this title, a person may not operate an EPAMD on any roadway where there are sidewalks adjacent to the roadway or the posted maximum speed limit is more than 30 miles per hour.
(e)    An EPAMD may not be operated at a speed in excess of 15 miles per hour.
(f)    Notwithstanding any other provision of this title, a personal delivery device, as defined in § 21–104.5 of this title, may not travel on any roadway where there are sidewalks or a shoulder adjacent to the roadway or the posted maximum speed limit is more than 35 miles per hour.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 12 - Operation of Bicycles and Play Vehicles › Section 21-1205.2 - Operation of an Electric Bicycle

(a)    (1)    Subject to paragraph (2)    of this subsection, electric bicycles may be operated where bicycles are allowed to travel, including bike lanes.
(2)    (i)    A local authority or State agency that has jurisdiction over a bicycle path may prohibit the operation of a Class 1 or Class 2 electric bicycle on the bicycle path.
(ii)    A Class 3 electric bicycle may not be operated on a bicycle path unless:
1.    The bicycle path is within or adjacent to a highway right–of–way; or
2.    Allowed by a local authority or State agency with jurisdiction over the bicycle path.
(iii)    A local authority or State agency with jurisdiction over a trail may regulate the use of electric bicycles of any class on a trail designated as nonmotorized if the trail has a natural surface tread made by clearing and grading native soil with no added surfacing materials.
(b)    (1)    A person under the age of 16 years may not operate a Class 3 electric bicycle on a public highway.
(2)    A person under the age of 16 years may ride as a passenger on a Class 3 electric bicycle that is designed to accommodate passengers.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 12 - Operation of Bicycles and Play Vehicles › Section 21-1206 - Carrying Articles; Removal, Riding On, or Tampering With Bicycle, Epamd, or Motor Scooter

(a)    A person may not operate a bicycle, an EPAMD, or a motor scooter while carrying any package, bundle, or other article that prevents the person from keeping both hands on the handlebars.
(b)    A person may not carry on a bicycle, an EPAMD, or a motor scooter any package, bundle, or other article that interferes with the view or balance of the operator.
(c)    A person may not remove, ride on, or tamper with any part of a bicycle, an EPAMD, or a motor scooter without the permission of its owner.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 12 - Operation of Bicycles and Play Vehicles › Section 21-1207 - Lamps and Other Equipment on Bicycles and Motor Scooters

(a)    (1)    If a bicycle or a motor scooter is used on a highway at any time when, due to insufficient light or unfavorable atmospheric conditions, persons and vehicles on the highway are not clearly discernible at a distance of 1,000 feet, the bicycle or motor scooter shall be equipped:
(i)    On the front, with a lamp that emits a white light visible from a distance of at least 500 feet to the front; and
(ii)    On the rear, with a red reflector of a type approved by the Administration and visible from all distances from 600 feet to 100 feet to the rear when directly in front of lawful upper beams of head lamps on a motor vehicle.
(2)    A bicycle or bicyclist may be equipped with a functioning lamp that acts as a reflector and emits a red light or a flashing amber light visible from a distance of 500 feet to the rear instead of or in addition to the red reflector required by paragraph (1) of this subsection.
(b)    Subject to subsection (c) of this section, a person may operate a bicycle or a motor scooter that is equipped with a bell or other device capable of giving a signal audible for a distance of at least 100 feet.
(c)    A bicycle or motor scooter may not be equipped with nor may any person use on a bicycle any siren or whistle.
(d)    Every bicycle and motor scooter shall be equipped with a braking system capable of stopping from a speed of 10 miles per hour within 15 feet on dry, level, clean pavement.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 12 - Operation of Bicycles and Play Vehicles › Section 21-1207.1 - Helmets Required

(a)    (1)    The provisions of this section apply:
(i)    At all times while a bicycle is being operated on any highway, bicycle way, or other property open to the public or used by the public for pedestrian or vehicular traffic; and
(ii)    To a person under the age of 16 who is riding on a bicycle, including a person under the age of 16 who is a passenger on a bicycle:
1.    In a restraining seat attached to the bicycle; or
2.    In a trailer being towed by the bicycle.
(2)    The provisions of this section do not apply to passengers in commercial bicycle rickshaws.
(b)    This section does not apply in the town of Ocean City, Maryland, on the boardwalk between the Ocean City inlet and 27th Street, during the hours in which bicycles are permitted by local ordinance to be operated on the boardwalk.
(c)    A person to whom this section applies may not operate or ride as a passenger on a bicycle unless the person is wearing a helmet that meets or exceeds the standards of the American National Standards Institute, the Snell Memorial Foundation, or the American Society for Testing and Materials for protective headgear for use in bicycling.
(d)    This section shall be enforced by the issuance of a warning that informs the offender of the requirements of this section and provides educational materials about bicycle helmet use.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 12 - Operation of Bicycles and Play Vehicles › Section 21-1207.2 - Protective Helmets

(a)    An individual under the age of 16 years may not ride on a scooter or on in–line skates on any highway, bicycle way, sidewalk, or other property open to the public or used by the public for pedestrian or vehicular traffic, unless the individual is wearing a helmet that meets or exceeds the standards of the American National Standards Institute, the Snell Memorial Foundation, or the American Society for Testing and Materials for protective headgear for use in bicycling or in–line skating.
(b)    This section shall be enforced by the issuance of a warning that informs the offender of the requirements of this section and provides educational materials about helmet use.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 12 - Operation of Bicycles and Play Vehicles › Section 21-1208 - Securing Bicycle, Epamd, or Motor Scooter to Certain Objects

(a)    A person may not secure a bicycle, an EPAMD, or a motor scooter to a fire hydrant, police or fire call box, or traffic control device.
(b)    A person may not secure a bicycle, an EPAMD, or a motor scooter to a pole, meter, or device located within a bus or taxi-loading zone.
(c)    A person may not secure a bicycle, an EPAMD, or a motor scooter to a pole, meter, or device located within 25 feet of any intersection.
(d)    A person may not secure a bicycle, an EPAMD, or a motor scooter to a pole, meter, or device on which notice has been posted by the appropriate authorities forbidding the securing of bicycles.
(e)    A person may not secure a bicycle, an EPAMD, or a motor scooter to any place where the securing of a bicycle or a motor scooter would obstruct or impede vehicular traffic or pedestrian movement.
(f)    A bicycle, an EPAMD, or a motor scooter may be secured to a parking meter, without payment of the usual fees, if it is entirely removed from the bed of the street normally used for vehicular parking.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 12 - Operation of Bicycles and Play Vehicles › Section 21-1209 - Throwing Object at Bicycle, Epamd, or Motor Scooter

(a)    Notwithstanding any other provision of this title, the driver of a vehicle shall:
(1)    Exercise due care to avoid colliding with any bicycle, EPAMD, or motor scooter being ridden by a person; and
(2)    When overtaking a bicycle, an EPAMD, or a motor scooter, pass safely at a distance of not less than 3 feet, unless, at the time:
(i)    The bicycle, EPAMD, or motor scooter rider fails to operate the vehicle in conformance with § 21–1205(a) of this subtitle (“Riding to right side of roadway”) or § 21–1205.1(b) of this subtitle (“Roadway with bike lane or shoulder paved to smooth surface”);
(ii)    A passing clearance of less than 3 feet is caused solely by the bicycle, EPAMD, or motor scooter rider failing to maintain a steady course; or
(iii)    The highway on which the vehicle is being driven is not wide enough to lawfully pass the bicycle, EPAMD, or motor scooter at a distance of at least 3 feet.
(b)    A person may not throw any object at or in the direction of any person riding a bicycle, an EPAMD, or a motor scooter.
(c)    A person may not open the door of any motor vehicle with intent to strike, injure, or interfere with any person riding a bicycle, an EPAMD, or a motor scooter.
(d)    Unless otherwise specified in this title, the driver of a vehicle shall yield the right–of–way to a person who is lawfully riding a bicycle, an EPAMD, or a motor scooter in a designated bike lane or shoulder if the driver of the vehicle is about to enter or cross the designated bike lane or shoulder.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 12 - Operation of Bicycles and Play Vehicles › Section 21-1210 - Wearing Earplugs, Headsets, etc., Prohibited

(a)    A person may not operate a bicycle, an EPAMD, or a motor scooter on any highway, or on any roadway, while the person is wearing any headset covering both ears.
(b)    A person may not operate a bicycle, an EPAMD, or a motor scooter on any highway, or on any roadway, while the person is wearing any earplugs in both ears.
(c)    The provisions of this section do not apply to:
(1)    Any person wearing personal hearing protectors in the form of custom earplugs or molds that are designed to attenuate injurious noise levels, if the custom plugs or molds are designed in such a manner as to not inhibit the wearer’s ability to hear a siren or horn from an emergency vehicle or a horn from another vehicle;
(2)    Any person wearing a prosthetic device used to aid the hard of hearing; or
(3)    Any person operating a bicycle on a public bicycle pathway expressly authorized for the use of persons operating bicycles.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 12 - Operation of Bicycles and Play Vehicles › Section 21-1211 - Motor Vehicle or Bicycle Racing Events

(a)    When the State Highway Administration or a local authority approves a motor vehicle or bicycle racing event on a highway or a highway bridge under its respective jurisdiction, motor vehicle or bicycle racing shall be lawful.
(b)    The State Highway Administration or a local authority may approve a motor vehicle or bicycle racing event only if:
(1)    The racing event is held under conditions that:
(i)    Provide reasonable safety for race participants, spectators, and other highway or highway bridge users; and
(ii)    Prevent unreasonable interference with traffic flow that would seriously inconvenience other highway or highway bridge users;
(2)    The sponsors of the racing event:
(i)    Indemnify the State and local governments from any loss arising out of or relating to the racing event; and
(ii)    Provide comprehensive liability insurance, in an amount to be determined by the State Highway Administration or local authority with jurisdiction over the highway on which the  racing event is to be held, for the benefit of the State and local governments, spectators, and other highway or highway bridge users;
(3)    The county or other local jurisdiction in which the racing event is held provides written authorization for the racing event; and
(4)    The highway on which the racing event is held is closed, in a manner approved by the State Highway Administration or local authority with jurisdiction over the highway, with appropriate access measures in place.
(c)    If traffic control adequately assures the safety of participants, spectators, and other highway or highway bridge users, the State Highway Administration or a local authority may exempt participants in an approved motor vehicle or bicycle racing event from compliance with other provisions of the Maryland Vehicle Law that otherwise would be applicable to the participants in the motor vehicle or bicycle racing event.