reglab/statecodes huggingface dataset:
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 247 - Highways › Act 368 of 1925 - Highway Obstructions and Encroachments; Use of Highway by Public Utilities (247.171 - 247.191) › Section 247.182 - Obstructions; Road Fence if Dangerous, Penalty.

247.182 Obstructions; road fence if dangerous, penalty.
Sec. 12.
It shall hereafter be unlawful for any person, firm or corporation to erect a fence along any road, of any material which, by reason of its construction or otherwise, is dangerous in itself or by reason of causing an obstruction to the highway. Any person violating the provisions hereof shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and on conviction thereof shall be punished by a fine of not less than 15 dollars, nor more than 50 dollars, or by imprisonment in the county jail for a period not exceeding 30 days or by both such fine and imprisonment in the discretion of the court.
History:
1925, Act 368, Eff. Aug. 27, 1925 ;-- CL 1929, 4052 ;-- CL 1948, 247.182
Former Law:
See section 13 of Ch. 7 of Act 283 of 1909, being CL 1915, § 4413.
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 247 - Highways › Act 368 of 1925 - Highway Obstructions and Encroachments; Use of Highway by Public Utilities (247.171 - 247.191) › Section 247.184 - Consent of County or State to Construction.

247.184 Consent of county or state to construction.
Sec. 14.
(1) A person that proposes to construct a telegraph, telephone, power line or cable television line, broadband line, pipe lines, wires, cables, poles, conduits, sewers, or like structures upon, over or under a county road or bridge, shall obtain the consent of the board of county road commissioners before commencing work.
(2) A person that proposes to construct a telegraph, telephone, power line, cable television line, broadband line, pipe line, wires, cables, poles, conduits, sewers or like structures, upon, over or under a state trunk line highway, or upon, over or under any bridge that this state has participated in constructing, shall obtain the consent of the state highway commissioner before commencing work.
History:
1925, Act 368, Eff. Aug. 27, 1925 ;-- CL 1929, 4054 ;-- CL 1948, 247.184 ;-- Am. 1972, Act 268, Imd. Eff. Oct. 11, 1972 ;-- Am. 2018, Act 450, Eff. Mar. 21, 2019
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 247 - Highways › Act 368 of 1925 - Highway Obstructions and Encroachments; Use of Highway by Public Utilities (247.171 - 247.191) › Section 247.184a - Surveillance of Occupied Manhole; Exceptions; Training and Duties of Second Employee.

247.184a Surveillance of occupied manhole; exceptions; training and duties of second employee.
Sec. 14a.
(1) A person shall not enter a manhole being constructed or being used for repairs to underground utilities or remain inside of the opening unless a person is providing alert surveillance, except that a new manhole under construction is exempted if adequate steps are taken to insure safe working conditions.
(2) A person, firm, or corporation authorized or permitted to construct or repair underground facilities by access through a manhole shall provide alert surveillance until the manhole cover is in place and no person remains in the underground facility. The second employee shall be trained in safety and first aid practices and shall be responsible for alert surveillance of the occupied manhole to afford immediate action in emergencies. The second employee could also perform other duties either above grade or in the manhole provided they did not interfere with the employees surveillance duties. This section does not preclude an employee trained in safety practices, in the absence of a second employee, from entering a manhole for a brief period of time not in excess of 20 minutes for purposes such as inspections, housekeeping, taking readings, or similar work, provided adequate steps have been taken to insure safe working conditions.
History:
Add. 1978, Act 287, Imd. Eff. July 7, 1978
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 247 - Highways › Act 368 of 1925 - Highway Obstructions and Encroachments; Use of Highway by Public Utilities (247.171 - 247.191) › Section 247.185 - Paramount Rights of Public; Injury to Trees and Shrubs; Regulation of Rights.

247.185 Paramount rights of public; injury to trees and shrubs; regulation of rights.
Sec. 15.
The construction and maintenance of all such telegraph, telephone and power lines, cable television lines, pipe lines, wires, cables, poles, conduits, sewers and like structures shall be subject to the paramount right of the public to use such public places, roads, bridges and waters, and shall not interfere with other public uses thereof and nothing herein contained shall be construed to authorize any telegraph, telephone, power, or other public utility company, cable television company or municipality to cut, destroy, or in anywise injure any tree or shrub planted within any highway right of way or along the margin thereof, or purposely left there for shade or ornament or to bridge across any of the waters of this state. Nor shall anything in this section or sections 13 and 14 be construed to grant any rights whatsoever to any public utilities or cable television companies whatsoever, nor to impair anywise any existing rights granted in accordance with the constitution or laws of this state, but shall be construed as a regulation of the exercise of all such rights.
History:
1925, Act 368, Eff. Aug. 27, 1925 ;-- CL 1929, 4055 ;-- CL 1948, 247.185 ;-- Am. 1972, Act 268, Imd. Eff. Oct. 11, 1972
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 247 - Highways › Act 368 of 1925 - Highway Obstructions and Encroachments; Use of Highway by Public Utilities (247.171 - 247.191) › Section 247.186 - Public Utility; Placing Poles, Fixtures, Wires, or Cables.

247.186 Public utility; placing poles, fixtures, wires, or cables.
Sec. 16.
In no case shall any poles or other structures be placed above the ground or road grade between the curb or road shoulder lines, or closer than 15 feet from the center line of the roadway; and in no case shall any wires, cables or other fixtures be placed, or be permitted to remain, at less height than 15 feet above any part of the traveled portion of the road.
History:
1925, Act 368, Eff. Aug. 27, 1925 ;-- CL 1929, 4056 ;-- CL 1948, 247.186
Former Law:
See section 8 of Ch. 7 of Act 283 of 1909, being CL 1915, § 4408.
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 247 - Highways › Act 368 of 1925 - Highway Obstructions and Encroachments; Use of Highway by Public Utilities (247.171 - 247.191) › Section 247.187 - Encroachments; Removal, Expense of Removal by Commissioner.

247.187 Encroachments; removal, expense of removal by commissioner.
Sec. 17.
Any person or persons, firm, corporation or municipality violating any of the provisions of this chapter, shall, upon written demand of the commissioner or commissioners having jurisdiction over the road, remove such encroachments, pipe lines, wires, cables, poles, conduits, sewers and like structures. If removal be not made within 30 days thereafter, then the said commissioner or commissioners shall have the right to remove the same and the person, persons, firm or corporation or municipality so violating, shall be liable for the amount of expense incurred in making such removal, to be collected in an action of assumpsit, or assessed upon the property of such person, persons, firm or corporation and collected in the same manner as other taxes are assessed and collected.
History:
1925, Act 368, Eff. Aug. 27, 1925 ;-- CL 1929, 4057 ;-- CL 1948, 247.187
Former Law:
See section 9 of Ch. 7 of Act 283 of 1909, being CL 1915, § 4409.
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 247 - Highways › Act 368 of 1925 - Highway Obstructions and Encroachments; Use of Highway by Public Utilities (247.171 - 247.191) › Section 247.188 - Obstructions to Traffic; Moving; Permit, Bond; Penalty.

247.188 Obstructions to traffic; moving; permit, bond; penalty.
Sec. 18.
No building, or other obstruction to traffic shall be moved across, upon or along any road without consent being first obtained from the commissioner or commissioners having jurisdiction over the road, and without first executing to such commissioner or commissioners, a bond in an amount sufficient to cover all possible damage to the road on account of such moving, to be determined by the commissioner or commissioners aforesaid, and conditioned for the payment of all such damage or injury to the road on account of such moving. Any person violating the provisions hereof shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor and upon conviction thereof shall be punished by a fine not to exceed 100 dollars or by imprisonment in the county jail for not to exceed 30 days or by both such fine and imprisonment in the discretion of the court.
History:
1925, Act 368, Eff. Aug. 27, 1925 ;-- CL 1929, 4058 ;-- CL 1948, 247.188
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 247 - Highways › Act 368 of 1925 - Highway Obstructions and Encroachments; Use of Highway by Public Utilities (247.171 - 247.191) › Section 247.189 - Repealed. 2020, Act 264, Eff. Mar. 29, 2021.

247.189 Repealed. 2020, Act 264, Eff. Mar. 29, 2021.
Compiler's Notes:
The repealed section pertained to obstructions to traffic, removal, and penalties.
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 247 - Highways › Act 368 of 1925 - Highway Obstructions and Encroachments; Use of Highway by Public Utilities (247.171 - 247.191) › Section 247.190 - Width of Highway; Encroachment Does Not Give Right to Land.

247.190 Width of highway; encroachment does not give right to land.
Sec. 20.
All public highways for which the right of way has at any time been dedicated, given or purchased, shall be and remain a highway of the width so dedicated, given or purchased, and no encroachments by fences, buildings or otherwise which may have been made since the purchase, dedication or gift nor any encroachments which were within the limits of such right of way at the time of such purchase, dedication or gift, and no encroachments which may hereafter be made, shall give the party or parties, firm or corporation so encroaching, any title or right to the land so encroached upon.
History:
1925, Act 368, Eff. Aug. 27, 1925 ;-- CL 1929, 4060 ;-- CL 1948, 247.190
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 247 - Highways › Act 368 of 1925 - Highway Obstructions and Encroachments; Use of Highway by Public Utilities (247.171 - 247.191) › Section 247.191 - Act Inapplicable to Encroachments and Obstructions Erected Under MCL 257.1701 Et Seq.

247.191 Act inapplicable to encroachments and obstructions erected under MCL 257.1701 et seq.
Sec. 21.
This act does not apply to encroachments and obstructions erected under the city motor vehicle racing act of 1981.
History:
Add. 1981, Act 176, Imd. Eff. Dec. 14, 1981
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 247 - Highways › Act 393 of 1913 - Private Roads (247.201 - 247.201) › Section 247.201 - Private Roads; Ingress and Egress, Application.

247.201 Private roads; ingress and egress, application.
Sec. 1.
When lands owned in different descriptions by the same person, copartnership or corporation, and are contiguous at the corners or as more fully described at the points of intersection of description lines projected, a private road may be secured across the adjacent lands, not to exceed 12 feet on each side of the point of intersection, or a passage way of 24 feet permitting ingress and egress. Application for such easement shall be made by the owner of such land contiguous at the corners, in writing to the highway commissioner of the township who shall act on such application in the manner prescribed in chapter 9 of Act No. 283 of the Public Acts of 1909, entitled "An act to revise, consolidate and add to the laws relating to the establishment, opening, improvement, maintenance and use of the public highways and private roads, the condemnation of property and gravel therefor; the building, repairing and preservation of bridges; setting and protecting shade trees, drainage, cutting weeds and brush within this state, and providing for the election and defining the powers, duties and compensation of state, county, township and district highway officials."
History:
1913, Act 393, Eff. Aug. 14, 1913 ;-- CL 1915, 4860 ;-- CL 1929, 4073 ;-- CL 1948, 247.201
Compiler's Notes:
For provisions of chapter 9 of Act 283 of 1909, referred to in this section, see MCL 229.1 et seq.
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 247 - Highways › Act 172 of 1915 - Roads to Isolated Lands (247.211 - 247.211) › Section 247.211 - Isolated Lands; Road Established, Width, Record.

247.211 Isolated lands; road established, width, record.
Sec. 1.
Owners of isolated lands, where the same are platted or subdivided into lots for residence purposes or lake resort homes and where said plat or subdivision shall have been duly recorded in the office of the register of deeds of the county wherein such lands are located, shall have the right to acquire in the same manner as provided by Act No. 283 of the Public Acts of 1909, for the establishment, opening and maintenance of private or public roads, a roadway leading to the streets on said plat from the nearest public highway across the lands adjacent to said plat or subdivision by the most feasible route. Said roadway shall be not less than 2 rods wide and when so acquired may be dedicated to the public for use as a highway by the owner or owners of said plat or subdivision. The survey or conveyance showing title to said roadway shall be recorded in the office of the register of deeds of the county wherein said land lies.
History:
1915, Act 172, Imd. Eff. May 11, 1915 ;-- CL 1915, 4861 ;-- CL 1929, 4074 ;-- CL 1948, 247.211
Compiler's Notes:
For provisions of Act 283 of 1909, referred to in this section, see MCL 220.1 et seq.
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 247 - Highways › Act 283 of 1921 - Temporary Highways (247.221 - 247.221) › Section 247.221 - Temporary Road for Transportation of Forest Products.

247.221 Temporary road for transportation of forest products.
Sec. 1.
Whenever any owner of any timber, logs, lumber, wood, poles, bark, ties or other forest products shall wish to have a temporary highway laid out for the purpose of hauling said timber, logs, lumber, wood, poles, bark, ties or other forest products to a place for manufacture, shipment or sale, he may, in writing, make application for such road to the owner or owners of said lands and in case said lands are unoccupied, to the agent or agents having charge of the same, and if the owner of said lands is a non-resident of the county and no known agent in charge, then application may be made to the commissioner of highways of the township in which said lands are situated. If the party desiring said road and the owner of said lands, his agent or representative, may agree on the amount of damages then he may forthwith enter upon said lands, lay out, prepare and use said highway, or if unable to agree upon the amount of damages, then said applicant for such road may have the commissioner of highways, the supervisor or some other suitable person in said township, under oath, appraise the damages to said lands on account of such highway, which said appraisal and application shall be filed in the office of the clerk of the circuit court for the county in which said lands are located and shall pay to the clerk the sum of 50 cents as a filing fee and thereupon said applicant may enter upon said premises, lay out, prepare and use said highway at any time after the first day of December of any year to and including the first day of April of the ensuing year, upon making, executing and delivering to the clerk of the county a bond in the penal sum of not less than 100 dollars and at least 5 times the amount of the appraised damages with sufficient surety in the name of the owner of the said lands, or if unknown, in the name of the highway commissioner and to his successors in office, to be approved by the county clerk of said county to secure the payment of all damages sustained by the owner of said lands on account of said highway: Provided, however, That said road does not go through the door yard or barn yard of the owner of said lands.
History:
1921, Act 283, Eff. Aug. 18, 1921 ;-- CL 1929, 4075 ;-- CL 1948, 247.221
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 247 - Highways › Repealed - Act 36 of 1919 - Planting of Trees (247.231 - 247.235)

PLANTING OF TREES
Act 36 of 1919
247.231-247.235 Repealed. 1996, Act 227, Imd. Eff. May 30, 1996;—2000, Act 125, Imd. Eff. May 30, 2000.
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 247 - Highways › Act 2 of 1921 (1st Ex. Sess.) - Trees and Shrubs (247.241 - 247.242) › Section 247.241 - Trees or Shrubs; Unlawful Cutting, Destruction; Penalty.

247.241 Trees or shrubs; unlawful cutting, destruction; penalty.
Sec. 1.
It shall be unlawful to cut, destroy or otherwise injure any shade or ornamental tree or shrub growing within the limits of any public highway within the state of Michigan without the consent of the authorities having jurisdiction over such road. In the case of a trunk line or federal aided road the state highway commissioner shall be deemed to have such jurisdiction in all cases. It shall also be unlawful to affix to any such tree or shrub any picture, announcement, notice or advertisement or to negligently permit any animal to break down or injure the same. Any person violating any of the provisions of this act shall be deemed to be guilty of a misdemeanor and on conviction thereof shall be punished by a fine of not more than 100 dollars or by imprisonment in the county jail for a period not exceeding 30 days, or by both such fine and imprisonment within the discretion of the court.
History:
1921, 1st Ex. Sess., Act 2, Eff. Sept. 19, 1921 ;-- CL 1929, 4095 ;-- CL 1948, 247.241
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 247 - Highways › Act 2 of 1921 (1st Ex. Sess.) - Trees and Shrubs (247.241 - 247.242) › Section 247.242 - Trees or Shrubs; Planting and Protection.

247.242 Trees or shrubs; planting and protection.
Sec. 2.
The state highway commissioner is hereby authorized and empowered as a part of the maintenance of trunk line and federal aided roads to protect trees and shrubs set out along and within the limits of such roads and to set out such trees and shrubs as may be furnished to him by the Michigan agricultural college, the department of conservation, or by any other state department or institution, or obtained from neighboring lands without cost, for the use and benefit of the public. The care of such trees shall be deemed to be a part of the road maintenance work. Boards of county road commissioners and township highway authorities shall likewise have power to set out and maintain such trees along, and within the limits of, roads under their respective jurisdictions.
History:
1921, 1st Ex. Sess., Act 2, Eff. Sept. 19, 1921 ;-- CL 1929, 4096 ;-- CL 1948, 247.242
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 247 - Highways › Repealed - Act 108 of 1925 - Marking Highways; Signs (247.271 - 247.281)

MARKING HIGHWAYS; SIGNS
Act 108 of 1925
247.271-247.281 Repealed. 1958, Act 77, Eff. Sept. 13, 1958;—1980, Act 180, Imd. Eff. July 2, 1980.
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 247 - Highways › Act 165 of 1917 - Closing Roads Under Construction or Repair (247.291 - 247.293) › Section 247.291 - Closing Highways or Bridges for Construction or Repair; Barriers.

247.291 Closing highways or bridges for construction or repair; barriers.
Sec. 1.
Subject to section 1a, the officials in charge of constructing, improving, or repairing highways may close any highway or portion of highway that is under process of construction, improvement, or repair or upon which is located any bridge that is being constructed or repaired. A highway or portion of highway must not be closed under this act until after suitable barriers have been erected at the ends of the closed highway or portion of highway, and also at the point of intersection of the closed highway or portion of highway with other highways.
History:
1917, Act 165, Eff. Aug. 10, 1917 ;-- CL 1929, 4626 ;-- CL 1948, 247.291 ;-- Am. 1966, Act 176, Imd. Eff. July 1, 1966 ;-- Am. 2023, Act 164, Imd. Eff. Oct. 19, 2023
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 247 - Highways › Act 165 of 1917 - Closing Roads Under Construction or Repair (247.291 - 247.293) › Section 247.291a - Barrier Requirements; Closure of Freeways or Bridges; Exception.

247.291a Barrier requirements; closure of freeways or bridges; exception.
Sec. 1a.
(1) Except as otherwise provided in subsections (2) and (3), if the state transportation department closes any freeway or portion of freeway under its jurisdiction for construction, improvement, or repair of that freeway, a portion of freeway, or a bridge located upon that freeway or portion of freeway, both of the following apply:
(a) If the freeway is closed completely to traffic, it must be closed using concrete barriers or equivalent crashworthy temporary traffic barriers. Ramp access to the freeway may be closed with barricades, concrete barriers, or other equivalent crashworthy temporary traffic barriers to maintain access for construction traffic and emergency services.
(b) If the freeway is not closed completely to traffic and a portion of the freeway is closed at any time between a half hour after sunset to a half hour before sunrise for work scheduled to be done at that time in a contract between a contractor and the state transportation department, concrete barriers or equivalent crashworthy temporary traffic barriers must separate any road workers who are performing work from traffic.
(2) This section does not apply if the freeway or portion of freeway described in subsection (1) is closed for not more than 3 days for an emergency repair, utility crossing, maintenance, or other short-duration operation.
(3) The state transportation department may exercise its engineering judgment in designing and placing concrete barriers or equivalent crashworthy temporary traffic barriers and associated traffic control devices for each closure of a freeway or portion of freeway to account for site-specific conditions, including, but not limited to, roadway grade, equipment malfunctions, emergency service, law enforcement needs, crash history, or work duration. If the engineering judgment determines that the use of concrete barriers would cause additional risks for road users, additional safety measures to protect road workers must be included in the contract between the contractor and the state transportation department.
History:
Add. 2023, Act 164, Imd. Eff. Oct. 19, 2023
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 247 - Highways › Act 165 of 1917 - Closing Roads Under Construction or Repair (247.291 - 247.293) › Section 247.291b - Definitions.

247.291b Definitions.
Sec. 1b.
As used in this act:
(a) "Crashworthy" means that term as defined in the Michigan manual on uniform traffic control devices.
(b) "Freeway" means that term as defined in section 18a of the Michigan vehicle code, 1949 PA 300, MCL 257.18a.
(c) "Highway" includes roads and streets.
(d) "Michigan manual on uniform traffic control devices" means the manual on uniform traffic control devices adopted under section 608 of the Michigan vehicle code, 1949 PA 300, MCL 257.608.
(e) "Suitable barrier" means a barrier that conforms to the Michigan manual on uniform traffic control devices.
History:
Add. 2023, Act 164, Imd. Eff. Oct. 19, 2023
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 247 - Highways › Act 165 of 1917 - Closing Roads Under Construction or Repair (247.291 - 247.293) › Section 247.292 - Closing of Highways or Bridges for Construction or Repair; Detours, Notices, Removal of Barriers on Completion of Work.

247.292 Closing of highways or bridges for construction or repair; detours, notices, removal of barriers on completion of work.
Sec. 2.
No highway shall be closed under the provisions of this act until suitable detours around the same, or the closed portion thereof, are provided and are placed in reasonably safe and passable condition for traffic. Notices in the form of plainly legible signs shall be placed by the highway officials having such work in charge at either end of the closed highway or portion of highway and at such intermediate points along the detour, or detours, as may be necessary to plainly mark the same. Upon the completion of the work of construction, improvement or repair and as soon as the highway or bridge constructed, improved or repaired shall be in suitable condition for public travel, all barriers, marks and signs whatsoever erected under the provisions hereof shall be at once removed by the officials erecting or placing the same.
History:
1917, Act 165, Eff. Aug. 10, 1917 ;-- CL 1929, 4627 ;-- CL 1948, 247.292 ;-- Am. 1966, Act 176, Imd. Eff. July 1, 1966
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 247 - Highways › Act 165 of 1917 - Closing Roads Under Construction or Repair (247.291 - 247.293) › Section 247.293 - Refusal to Provide Barriers; Penalty.

247.293 Refusal to provide barriers; penalty.
Sec. 3.
Any highway official who shall neglect or refuse to provide suitable barriers and suitable detours or to remove barriers and signs as herein provided, or any person who wilfully enters upon the closed portion of any highway or removes the barriers therefrom, or who removes, obliterates or defaces any sign or mark, or who extinguishes or removes any light placed or maintained hereunder, except by permission of the highway officials in charge, is guilty of a misdemeanor.
History:
1917, Act 165, Eff. Aug. 10, 1917 ;-- CL 1929, 4628 ;-- CL 1948, 247.293 ;-- Am. 1966, Act 176, Imd. Eff. July 1, 1966
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 247 - Highways › Repealed - Act 186 of 1937 - Traffic Signs, Signals, and Guide Posts (247.301 - 247.306)

TRAFFIC SIGNS, SIGNALS, AND GUIDE POSTS
Act 186 of 1937
247.301-247.306 Repealed. 1949, Act 300, Eff. Sept. 23, 1949.
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 247 - Highways › Act 295 of 1937 - Mechanically Operated Barricading Devices (247.311 - 247.314) › Section 247.311 - Highways; Definition.

247.311 Highways; definition.
Sec. 1.
The word "highways" as used in this act shall include without limitation all state, county and township highways and roads and all highways, streets, avenues, boulevards and alleys in cities and villages, and any place wheresoever situated in this state which is dedicated to the use of public vehicular traffic.
History:
1937, Act 295, Eff. Oct. 29, 1937 ;-- CL 1948, 247.311
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 247 - Highways › Act 295 of 1937 - Mechanically Operated Barricading Devices (247.311 - 247.314) › Section 247.312 - Automatic or Mechanically Operated Barricading Devices.

247.312 Automatic or mechanically operated barricading devices.
Sec. 2.
A public authority having jurisdiction and control over any highway in this state that determines that the safety of persons and property require the installation of the devices provided for in this act at any intersection of that highway with any other highway or at any bridge approach in that highway, may construct, install, operate, and maintain at each such place automatic or mechanically operated barricading devices, which, when giving warning, shall rise from a bed in the highway and become a barrier in the highway.
History:
1937, Act 295, Eff. Oct. 29, 1937 ;-- CL 1948, 247.312 ;-- Am. 1993, Act 358, Imd. Eff. Jan. 14, 1994
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 247 - Highways › Act 295 of 1937 - Mechanically Operated Barricading Devices (247.311 - 247.314) › Section 247.313 - Barricading Devices on Highway; Automatic; Warning Signs, Size, Wording, Distance.

247.313 Barricading devices on highway; automatic; warning signs, size, wording, distance.
Sec. 3.
Whenever such barricading device shall be constructed, installed, operated or maintained, the public authorities having jurisdiction and control over the highway at any such place shall install and maintain at the side of such highway, immediately adjacent to such device, reflectorized warning signs with the words "automatic barrier" in letters not less than 3 inches high. Whenever such device is located at a railroad intersection, additional reflectorized warning signs, of a design to be prescribed by the state highway commissioner, shall be installed and maintained on both sides thereof at a distance not less than 400 feet therefrom when such intersection is located on a highway where vehicular traffic is permitted to travel at speeds in excess of 30 miles per hour, and not less than 200 feet therefrom when such intersection is located on a highway where vehicular traffic is permitted to travel at speeds not in excess of 30 miles per hour, and such device and warning signs shall be in lieu of all other protection at such intersection. The advance warning signs required by any other law of this state shall also be installed and maintained.
History:
1937, Act 295, Eff. Oct. 29, 1937 ;-- CL 1948, 247.313 ;-- Am. 1964, Act 77, Eff. Aug. 28, 1964
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 247 - Highways › Act 295 of 1937 - Mechanically Operated Barricading Devices (247.311 - 247.314) › Section 247.314 - Barricading Devices; Expense.

247.314 Barricading devices; expense.
Sec. 4.
The public authorities, or the political subdivision of the state, having jurisdiction and control over any highway, in which such device is constructed, installed, operated and maintained, shall bear the expense thereof, unless the parties in interest agree otherwise in writing.
History:
1937, Act 295, Eff. Oct. 29, 1937 ;-- CL 1948, 247.314
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 247 - Highways › Act 200 of 1969 - Driveways, Banners, and Parades (247.321 - 247.329) › Section 247.321 - Driveways, Banners and Parades on Highways; Definitions.

247.321 Driveways, banners and parades on highways; definitions.
Sec. 1.
As used in this act:
(a) "Driveway" means a driveway, lane, road or any other way providing vehicular access to or from the highway from or to property adjoining the highway but does not mean a city or village street or other highway covered by the provisions of Act No. 288 of the Public Acts of 1967, being sections 560.101 to 560.293 of the Compiled Laws of 1948.
(b) "Highway" means a state trunk line highway or a county road including the entire right of way.
(c) "Highway authority" means the department of state highways in the case of state trunk line highways, and the board of county road commissioners in the case of county roads.
History:
1969, Act 200, Imd. Eff. Aug. 6, 1969
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 247 - Highways › Act 200 of 1969 - Driveways, Banners, and Parades (247.321 - 247.329) › Section 247.322 - Permit; Requirement, Local Ordinances.

247.322 Permit; requirement, local ordinances.
Sec. 2.
No driveway, banner or parade is lawful except pursuant to a permit issued in accordance with this act unless otherwise provided. Nothing in this act shall be construed to prevent the application of the provisions of any other statute of this state or any local ordinance which is more restrictive than this act nor to preclude any city or village from requiring city or village permits with respect to any street or highway within its corporate limits. No permit shall be issued pursuant to this act unless there is compliance with other provisions of law or ordinances.
History:
1969, Act 200, Imd. Eff. Aug. 6, 1969
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 247 - Highways › Act 200 of 1969 - Driveways, Banners, and Parades (247.321 - 247.329) › Section 247.323 - Permits to Temporarily Close Highway and for Banners, Decorations, or Similar Objects; Issuance; Requests; Arrangements for Handling Highway Traffic; Section Inapplicable to Racing Event.

247.323 Permits to temporarily close highway and for banners, decorations, or similar objects; issuance; requests; arrangements for handling highway traffic; section inapplicable to racing event.
Sec. 3.
A permit to temporarily close a highway, or a portion of the highway, for a parade, celebration, festival, or similar activity, and a permit for banners, decorations, or similar objects to overhang the traveled way of a highway, may be issued by the highway authority only if requested by an authorized official designated by resolution of the governing body of a city, incorporated village, or township. Requests for temporary closing of highways shall indicate the time and date the highway is to be closed to traffic, the date and time the highway is to be reopened to traffic, and other information as the highway authority may require. A permit shall not be issued for the partial or complete closing of a highway unless the highway authority is satisfied that adequate arrangements have been made for the handling of highway traffic during such closure. Permits for banners, decorations, or similar objects over the traveled way of a highway shall require that they be securely fastened and be at least 18 feet above the surface of the traveled way. This section does not apply to a racing event for which a permit has been issued under the city motor vehicle racing act of 1981.
History:
1969, Act 200, Imd. Eff. Aug. 6, 1969 ;-- Am. 1981, Act 177, Imd. Eff. Dec. 14, 1981
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 247 - Highways › Act 200 of 1969 - Driveways, Banners, and Parades (247.321 - 247.329) › Section 247.324 - Permit; Driveways; Rules.

247.324 Permit; driveways; rules.
Sec. 4.
Permits for driveways shall be granted in conformity with rules promulgated by the highway authority which shall be consistent with the public safety and based upon the traffic volumes, drainage requirements and the character of the use of land adjoining the highway and other requirements in the public interest. Rules shall prescribe reasonable standards for the design and the location of driveways and may require that driveways shall be hard-surfaced. The provisions of this section shall not be deemed to deny reasonable access to a nonlimited access highway.
History:
1969, Act 200, Imd. Eff. Aug. 6, 1969
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 247 - Highways › Act 200 of 1969 - Driveways, Banners, and Parades (247.321 - 247.329) › Section 247.325 - Rules; Local Adoption.

247.325 Rules; local adoption.
Sec. 5.
The department of state highways shall make rules necessary for the administration of this act in accordance with the provisions of Act No. 88 of the Public Acts of 1943, as amended, being sections 24.71 to 24.80 of the Compiled Laws of 1948, and subject to Act No. 197 of the Public Acts of 1952, as amended, being sections 24.101 to 24.110 of the Compiled Laws of 1948. The boards of county road commissioners may adopt by reference the rules, in whole or in part, of the department of state highways or may adopt its own rules after a public hearing of which notice has been given by publication at least twice in a newspaper circulated in the county not more than 30 days nor less than 7 days prior to the hearing.
History:
1969, Act 200, Imd. Eff. Aug. 6, 1969
Admin Rule:
R 247.201 et seq. of the Michigan Administrative Code.
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 247 - Highways › Act 200 of 1969 - Driveways, Banners, and Parades (247.321 - 247.329) › Section 247.326 - Permit; Issuance Requirements; Revocation.

247.326 Permit; issuance requirements; revocation.
Sec. 6.
A permit shall not be issued unless all the requirements of this act, and of rules made pursuant to section 5, are met. A permit may be revoked by the highway authority issuing it if at any time the permitted object, use, or activity fails to meet the requirements of this act or rules made in accordance with section 5. This section does not apply to a permit issued by a city under the city motor vehicle racing act of 1981.
History:
1969, Act 200, Imd. Eff. Aug. 6, 1969 ;-- Am. 1981, Act 177, Imd. Eff. Dec. 14, 1981
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 247 - Highways › Act 200 of 1969 - Driveways, Banners, and Parades (247.321 - 247.329) › Section 247.327 - Correction of Driveway in Violation of Rules; Applicability; Notice; Failure to Correct; Reimbursement; "Constructed or Reconstructed" Defined.

247.327 Correction of driveway in violation of rules; applicability; notice; failure to correct; reimbursement; "constructed or reconstructed" defined.
Sec. 7.
This act does not apply to a driveway in existence on August 6, 1969, except that if the use of the land served by the driveway is changed or expanded, and the change or expansion causes the existing driveway to be a safety hazard, the driveway shall be considered a new driveway subject to this act. A driveway that is constructed or reconstructed after the effective date of the rules issued under this act that is in violation of the rules shall be corrected by the owner within a period of time, not less than 30 days, specified in a notice of violation sent by certified mail to the owner. If not corrected within the period required by the notice, the highway authority or its agents may perform the necessary correction and the owner shall reimburse the highway authority for the reasonable cost of correction. As used in this section, "constructed or reconstructed" does not include maintenance activities performed on a driveway, including, but not limited to, the placement of additional gravel.
History:
1969, Act 200, Imd. Eff. Aug. 6, 1969 ;-- Am. 1978, Act 83, Imd. Eff. Mar. 29, 1978 ;-- Am. 2016, Act 455, Eff. Apr. 5, 2017
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 247 - Highways › Act 200 of 1969 - Driveways, Banners, and Parades (247.321 - 247.329) › Section 247.328 - Construction of Act.

247.328 Construction of act.
Sec. 8.
Nothing in this act shall limit the right of the highway authority in the exercise of its authority to acquire property for highway purposes or to widen, relocate, reconstruct, improve or maintain any highways.
History:
1969, Act 200, Imd. Eff. Aug. 6, 1969
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 247 - Highways › Act 200 of 1969 - Driveways, Banners, and Parades (247.321 - 247.329) › Section 247.329 - Authorization of City or Village to Issue Permits With Respect to State Trunk Line Highways; Conditions; Permit Issued by City Pursuant to MCL 257.1701 Et Seq.

247.329 Authorization of city or village to issue permits with respect to state trunk line highways; conditions; permit issued by city pursuant to MCL 257.1701 et seq.
Sec. 9.
(1) Except as provided in subsection (2), the state transportation commission by resolution may authorize any city or village to issue on behalf of the state the permits required by this act with respect to state trunk line highways within the corporate limits of the city or village provided the permits are issued pursuant to this act and rules promulgated under this act, subject to conditions as the commission may prescribe and subject to acceptance of that authority by the governing body of the city or village.
(2) A permit issued by a city under the city motor vehicle racing act of 1981 shall be considered to be a permit issued for all purposes under this act regarding any highway located within the limits of the city.
History:
1969, Act 200, Imd. Eff. Aug. 6, 1969 ;-- Am. 1981, Act 177, Imd. Eff. Dec. 14, 1981
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 247 - Highways › Act 96 of 1959 - Bus Passenger Shelters (247.331 - 247.336) › Section 247.331 - Bus Passenger Shelters; Definitions.

247.331 Bus passenger shelters; definitions.
Sec. 1.
As used in this act:
(1) "Advertisement" means any writing, printing, picture, painting, display, emblem, drawing, sign or similar device which is posted or displayed outdoors on real property and is intended to invite or to draw the attention or to solicit the patronage or support of the public to any goods, merchandise, property, real or personal, business, services, entertainment or amusement, manufactured, produced, bought, sold, conducted, furnished or dealt in by any person or for any political party or for the candidacy of any individual for any nomination or office; and the term shall also include any part of an advertisement recognizable as such.
(2) "Bus passenger shelter" means any rigid structure situated upon or attached to real property outdoors, primarily or principally for the purpose of furnishing a waiting room or shelter for the use and convenience of the passengers of common motor carriers, but suitable for the purpose of furnishing a background, base or support upon which an advertisement may be posted.
(3) "Highway" means every way or place of whatever nature open to the use of the public for purposes of vehicular travel in this state.
(4) "Municipality" means any city or incorporated village.
(5) "Post" means post, display, print, paint, burn, nail, paste or otherwise attach.
(6) "Real property" means any property physically attached or annexed to real estate in any manner whatsoever.
History:
1959, Act 96, Imd. Eff. June 30, 1959
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 247 - Highways › Act 96 of 1959 - Bus Passenger Shelters (247.331 - 247.336) › Section 247.332 - Bus Passenger Shelters; Construction on Highways, Municipal Consent.

247.332 Bus passenger shelters; construction on highways, municipal consent.
Sec. 2.
Persons, firms, corporations and municipalities may enter upon, construct and maintain bus passenger shelters with all necessary erections and fixtures therefor upon that portion of any highway lying within the corporate limits of municipalities. Every person, firm, corporation and municipality before any of the work of construction and erection is commenced shall obtain the consent of the duly constituted authorities of the municipality.
History:
1959, Act 96, Imd. Eff. June 30, 1959
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 247 - Highways › Act 96 of 1959 - Bus Passenger Shelters (247.331 - 247.336) › Section 247.333 - Bus Passenger Shelters; County and State Highways, Consent.

247.333 Bus passenger shelters; county and state highways, consent.
Sec. 3.
If it is proposed to construct a bus passenger shelter on that portion of a county road lying within the corporate limits of any municipality, the consent of the board of county road commissioners both as to location and duration shall also be obtained before the construction is commenced. If it is proposed to construct a bus passenger shelter upon that portion of a state trunkline highway lying within the corporate limits of any municipality, the consent of the state highway commissioner both as to location and duration shall be obtained before the construction is commenced.
History:
1959, Act 96, Imd. Eff. June 30, 1959
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 247 - Highways › Act 96 of 1959 - Bus Passenger Shelters (247.331 - 247.336) › Section 247.334 - Bus Passenger Shelters; Construction, Municipal Supervision.

247.334 Bus passenger shelters; construction, municipal supervision.
Sec. 4.
The municipalities in which bus passenger shelters are proposed to be erected shall have the exclusive power to prescribe the size, shape and nature of the bus passenger shelters, and to supervise their construction and maintenance.
History:
1959, Act 96, Imd. Eff. June 30, 1959
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 247 - Highways › Act 96 of 1959 - Bus Passenger Shelters (247.331 - 247.336) › Section 247.335 - Bus Passenger Shelters; Convenience of Public.

247.335 Bus passenger shelters; convenience of public.
Sec. 5.
The construction and maintenance of all such bus passenger shelters shall be deemed to be for the use and convenience of the public, but nothing in this section or in sections 2, 3 or 4 shall be construed to grant any rights whatsoever to any person, firm, corporation or municipality whatsoever or to impair in any way any existing rights granted in accordance with the constitution or laws of this state, but shall be construed as a regulation of the exercise of all such rights.
History:
1959, Act 96, Imd. Eff. June 30, 1959
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 247 - Highways › Act 96 of 1959 - Bus Passenger Shelters (247.331 - 247.336) › Section 247.336 - Bus Passenger Shelters; Advertisements, Approval.

247.336 Bus passenger shelters; advertisements, approval.
Sec. 6.
Advertisements of such size, shape and nature as the municipality in which such advertisements are proposed to be posted shall approve may be posted in such quantity and upon such portions of duly authorized bus passenger shelters as such municipality shall approve.
History:
1959, Act 96, Imd. Eff. June 30, 1959
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 247 - Highways › Act 140 of 1972 - Signs Marking Township Limits (247.341 - 247.341) › Section 247.341 - Signs Marking Township Limits.

247.341 Signs marking township limits.
Sec. 1.
A township may manufacture and place signs marking the township limits along any state highway which passes through the township. The department of state highways shall provide specifications for the manufacture of the signs, and may supervise their construction. If a township shall erect such signs along any state highway, it shall thereafter maintain the same at the township's expense.
History:
1972, Act 140, Eff. Mar. 30, 1973
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 247 - Highways › Act 111 of 1956 - Highways Within Townships (247.351 - 247.356) › Section 247.351 - Highways Within Townships; Contracts, Structures Included.

247.351 Highways within townships; contracts, structures included.
Sec. 1.
The township board of any township and the board of county road commissioners in which said township is located are hereby authorized and shall have power to enter into a contract to provide for the acquisition, construction, establishment, opening, altering, improving and maintaining of any highways within the township. Said highways shall be deemed to include such bridges, culverts, storm sewers and other drainage structures, and traffic control and regulatory devices, as may be necessary to provide a complete highway.
History:
1956, Act 111, Imd. Eff. Apr. 13, 1956
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 247 - Highways › Act 111 of 1956 - Highways Within Townships (247.351 - 247.356) › Section 247.352 - Highways Within Townships; Contracts, Contents; Approval by Electors, Board of County Road Commissioners; Execution.

247.352 Highways within townships; contracts, contents; approval by electors, board of county road commissioners; execution.
Sec. 2.
Said contract shall provide that all engineering with respect to such highways be performed by, and that all construction including the award of contracts therefor be under the supervision of, and in accordance with the plans and specifications therefor prepared by, the board of county road commissioners. The cost of engineering and supervision shall be deemed a part of the cost of the highway. Said contract shall provide that all or part of the cost of the highway improvement be allocated to the township as the township and the board of county road commissioners may agree, and shall approve the plans, specifications and estimates of cost of the highway improvement. Said contract may be executed by the township board after a majority of the legal voters of such township, voting upon said proposition, at a township meeting, a general election or a special election called by the township board for that purpose, shall vote in favor thereof, and by the board of county road commissioners after approval thereof by a resolution adopted by a majority vote of the members of said board. The contract shall be executed on behalf of the township by the supervisor and on behalf of the county road commissioners by the chairman of said board. The execution of said contract by the board of county road commissioners shall not require the approval of the board of supervisors.
History:
1956, Act 111, Imd. Eff. Apr. 13, 1956