2023 Massachusetts General Laws › Part III - Courts, Judicial Officers and Proceedings in Civil Cases › Title II - Actions and Proceedings Therein › Chapter 231 - Pleading and Practice › Section 60f - Award of Damages; Elements and Itemization of Amounts

Section 60F. (a) In every action for malpractice, negligence, error, omission, mistake or the unauthorized rendering of professional services against a provider of health care which is tried to a jury, the court shall instruct the jury that if the jury awards damages to the plaintiff or plaintiffs it shall specify the total amount of damages, as well as the applicable elements of special and general damages upon which the award of damages is based and the amount of the total damages assigned to each element, including, but not limited to:
(1) Amounts intended to compensate the plaintiff for reasonable expenses which have been incurred, or which will be incurred, for necessary medical, surgical, X–ray, dental, or rehabilitative services, including prosthetic devices; necessary ambulance, hospital, and nursing services; drugs; and therapy;
(2) Amounts intended to compensate the plaintiff for lost wages or loss of earning capacity and other economic losses which have been incurred or will be incurred; and
(3) Amounts intended to compensate the plaintiff for pain and suffering, loss of companionship, embarrassment, and other items of general damages, which have been incurred or will be incurred in the future, and whether there is a substantial or permanent loss or impairment of a bodily function, or substantial disfigurement, or other special circumstances in the case which warrant a finding that imposition of the limitation specified in section sixty I would deprive the plaintiff of just compensation for the injuries sustained.
Each element shall be further itemized into amounts intended to compensate for damages which have been incurred prior to the verdict and amounts intended to compensate for damages to be incurred in the future. In itemizing amounts intended to compensate for future damages, the jury shall set forth the period of weeks, months or years over which such amounts are intended to provide compensation. The court shall apply to each element of past and future damages any rules of law applicable to the review of jury verdicts, including without limitation the sufficiency of the evidence to support the verdict, any set-offs or credits, and appropriate additurs or remittiturs.
(b) In every action for malpractice, negligence, error, omission, mistake or the unauthorized rendering of professional services against a provider of health care which is tried without a jury, if the court awards damages to the plaintiff or plaintiffs, it shall find the total amount of damages, and specify the applicable elements of special and general damages upon which the award of damages is based and the amount of the total damages assigned to each element, including, but not limited to:
(1) Amounts intended to compensate the plaintiff for reasonable expenses which have been incurred, or which will be incurred, for necessary medical, surgical, X–ray, dental, or rehabilitative services, including prosthetic devices; necessary ambulance, hospital and nursing services; drugs; and therapy;
(2) Amounts intended to compensate the plaintiff for lost wages or loss of earning capacity and other economic losses which have been incurred or will be incurred; and
(3) Amounts intended to compensate the plaintiff for pain and suffering, loss of companionship, embarrassment, and other items of general damages, which have been incurred or will be incurred in the future, and whether there is a substantial or permanent impairment of a bodily function, or substantial disfigurement, or other special circumstances in the case which warrant a finding that imposition of the limitation specified in section sixty I would deprive the plaintiff of just compensation for the injuries sustained.
Each element shall be further itemized into amounts intended to compensate for damages which have been incurred prior to the verdict and amounts intended to compensate for damages to be incurred in the future. In itemizing amounts intended to compensate for future damages, the court shall set forth the period of weeks, months or years over which such amounts are intended to provide compensation.