reglab/statecodes huggingface dataset:
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 287 - Animal Industry › Act 246 of 2000 - Wolf-Dog Cross Act (287.1001 - 287.1023) › Section 287.1007 - Transportation.

287.1007 Transportation.
Sec. 7.
A person transporting a wolf-dog cross in a vehicle shall comply with the standards in International Air Transport Ass 'n., Live Animal Regulations (26th ed., 1999) applicable to a dog. In addition, a person transporting a wolf-dog cross in a vehicle shall comply with all of the following requirements:
(a) The wolf-dog cross shall be individually and securely caged, even while inside a passenger vehicle or in the bed of a truck. However, a female wolf-dog cross and each of her unweaned pups, if any, shall be transported in the same cage.
(b) The vehicle shall provide fresh air without injurious drafts and provide adequate protection from the elements to the wolf-dog cross.
(c) The wolf-dog cross's cargo area shall be as free as possible of engine exhaust fumes.
(d) Fecal and food wastes shall be removed from the wolf-dog cross's transport cage on at least a daily basis.
(e) The temperature within the wolf-dog cross's cage shall not be harmful to the wolf-dog cross's health.
(f) The wolf-dog cross's cage shall be large enough to ensure that the wolf-dog cross has sufficient space to stand erect, turn around, and lie naturally.
(g) The wolf-dog cross shall not be placed in an enclosure over or next to another animal unless each enclosure has a fitted floor or lateral partition that prevents excreta from entering lower or adjacent enclosures.
(h) The wolf-dog cross shall be given potable water at least twice daily and fed at least once daily, unless otherwise directed by a veterinarian.
History:
2000, Act 246, Imd. Eff. June 29, 2000
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 287 - Animal Industry › Act 246 of 2000 - Wolf-Dog Cross Act (287.1001 - 287.1023) › Section 287.1008 - Exportation.

287.1008 Exportation.
Sec. 8.
A person shall not export or attempt to export a wolf-dog cross to another state or country unless all of the following requirements are met:
(a) The import and possession of the wolf-dog cross are lawful in the other state or country.
(b) The destination and proposed new owner of the wolf-dog cross have been approved by the regulatory agency in the other state or country having authority to do so, if any.
History:
2000, Act 246, Imd. Eff. June 29, 2000
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 287 - Animal Industry › Act 246 of 2000 - Wolf-Dog Cross Act (287.1001 - 287.1023) › Section 287.1009 - Rabies Vaccinaton.

287.1009 Rabies vaccinaton.
Sec. 9.
If a rabies vaccination becomes approved by the federal government for use on a wolf-dog cross, the owner of a wolf-dog cross shall have the wolf-dog cross vaccinated for rabies by a veterinarian and shall keep the vaccination current.
History:
2000, Act 246, Imd. Eff. June 29, 2000
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 287 - Animal Industry › Act 246 of 2000 - Wolf-Dog Cross Act (287.1001 - 287.1023) › Section 287.1010 - Exposure to Rabies.

287.1010 Exposure to rabies.
Sec. 10.
(1) If a wolf-dog cross potentially exposes a human to rabies by any penetration of the skin by teeth, any scratch that causes penetration of the skin, any abrasion that causes penetration of the skin, or contamination of open wounds or mucous membranes with saliva or other infectious material, the owner or person temporarily in possession of the wolf-dog cross shall report the potential exposure to the local health department within 24 hours.
(2) If a wolf-dog cross potentially exposes livestock or a mammalian pet to rabies by any penetration of the skin by teeth, any scratch that causes penetration of the skin, any abrasion that causes penetration of the skin, or contamination of open wounds or mucous membranes with saliva or other infectious material, the owner or person temporarily in possession of the wolf-dog cross shall report the potential exposure to the permitting agency within 24 hours.
(3) Except as provided in subsection (4), if a wolf-dog cross potentially exposes a human, livestock, or mammalian pet to rabies by any means identified in this section, the wolf-dog cross shall be humanely euthanized by a veterinarian. The wolf-dog cross shall be immediately examined for rabies in the manner provided by rules promulgated under section 5111 of the public health code, 1978 PA 368, MCL 333.5111.
(4) If a wolf-dog cross potentially exposes a human, livestock, or a mammalian pet to rabies by any means identified in this section and, at the time of exposure, the owner or person temporarily in possession of the wolf-dog cross provides a valid certificate from a veterinarian indicating that the wolf-dog cross, at least 30 days before the exposure, was vaccinated with a rabies vaccine approved by the United States department of agriculture, the owner or person temporarily in possession of the wolf-dog cross may elect to have the wolf-dog cross quarantined for a period of 10 days from the date of exposure. If the wolf-dog cross dies, or develops any symptoms of rabies during the quarantine period, as determined by a veterinarian, the wolf-dog cross shall be humanely euthanized and examined for rabies in the manner provided by rules promulgated under section 5111 of the public health code, 1978 PA 368, MCL 333.5111.
History:
2000, Act 246, Imd. Eff. June 29, 2000
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 287 - Animal Industry › Act 246 of 2000 - Wolf-Dog Cross Act (287.1001 - 287.1023) › Section 287.1011 - Killing of Wolf-Dog Cross by Law Enforcement Officer or Other Person; Conditions; Liability.

287.1011 Killing of wolf-dog cross by law enforcement officer or other person; conditions; liability.
Sec. 11.
(1) A law enforcement officer or other person may kill a wolf-dog cross if the person sees the wolf-dog cross attacking, injuring, or killing either of the following:
(a) A human.
(b) Livestock or poultry.
(2) A law enforcement officer may kill a wolf-dog cross if the law enforcement officer sees the wolf-dog cross attacking, injuring, or killing wildlife.
(3) A person is not liable in damages or otherwise for killing or attempting to kill a wolf-dog cross under subsection (1) or (2).
(4) This act does not prohibit the owner of a wolf-dog cross, for which a permit has been issued if required under this act, from recovering by legal action against a law enforcement officer or other person the value of a wolf-dog cross illegally killed by that law enforcement officer or other person.
(5) A wolf-dog cross's entry onto a field or enclosure that is owned by or leased by a person producing livestock or poultry constitutes a trespass, and the owner or person temporarily in possession of the wolf-dog cross is liable in damages.
History:
2000, Act 246, Imd. Eff. June 29, 2000
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 287 - Animal Industry › Act 246 of 2000 - Wolf-Dog Cross Act (287.1001 - 287.1023) › Section 287.1012 - Liability of Owner or Possessor of Wolf-Dog Cross.

287.1012 Liability of owner or possessor of wolf-dog cross.
Sec. 12.
(1) The owner or person temporarily in possession of a wolf-dog cross is liable in a civil action for the death or injury of a human and for property damage, including, but not limited to, the death or injury of another animal, caused by the wolf-dog cross. This act does not limit the common law liability of the owner or person temporarily in possession of a wolf-dog cross for the death or injury of a human or for property damage caused by the wolf-dog cross.
(2) If a wolf-dog cross bites an individual without provocation while the individual is on public property or lawfully on private property, including the property of the owner or person temporarily in possession of the wolf-dog cross, the owner or person temporarily in possession of the wolf-dog cross is liable for any damages suffered by the individual bitten, regardless of the former viciousness of the wolf-dog cross or the owner's or person temporarily in possession's knowledge of such viciousness. For the purposes of this subsection, an individual is lawfully on the private property of the owner or person temporarily in possession of the wolf-dog cross if the individual is on that property in the performance of any duty imposed upon him or her by the laws of this state or by the laws or postal regulations of the United States, or if the individual is on that property as an invitee or licensee of the person lawfully in possession of the property, unless the individual has gained lawful entry upon the property for the purpose of an unlawful or criminal act.
(3) If a wolf-dog cross escapes or is released, intentionally or unintentionally, the owner or person temporarily in possession of the wolf-dog cross shall immediately contact a law enforcement officer of the local unit where the escape or release occurred to report the loss, escape, or release. The owner or person temporarily in possession of the wolf-dog cross is liable for all expenses associated with efforts to recapture the wolf-dog cross that is released or escapes.
(4) The owner or person temporarily in possession of the wolf-dog cross may bring against a person who is responsible in whole or part for the escape or release of the wolf-dog cross a civil action for damages, including, but not limited to, damages and expenses under subsection (1), (2), or (3).
History:
2000, Act 246, Imd. Eff. June 29, 2000
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 287 - Animal Industry › Act 246 of 2000 - Wolf-Dog Cross Act (287.1001 - 287.1023) › Section 287.1013 - Inspection of Facility; Violation; Consultation With Expert on Wolf-Dog Cross Identification.

287.1013 Inspection of facility; violation; consultation with expert on wolf-dog cross identification.
Sec. 13.
(1) A facility is subject to inspection at reasonable hours by a law enforcement officer to ensure compliance with this act.
(2) Subject to subsection (3), if there is probable cause to believe that this act is being violated, a law enforcement officer shall do 1 of the following:
(a) Issue to the violator a notice of the violation under section 14.
(b) Arrest the violator or seek a warrant for his or her arrest, as appropriate under chapter IV of the code of criminal procedure, 1927 PA 175, MCL 764.1 to 764.29, for a misdemeanor under section 15.
(c) File a sworn complaint under section 16(3).
(3) If a law enforcement officer believes that a canid is a wolf-dog cross but the owner of the canid is unable or unwilling to verify that the canid is a wolf-dog cross, the law enforcement officer, before enforcing this act, shall consult with an expert on wolf-dog cross identification. The expert on wolf-dog cross identification shall consider all relevant aspects of identification, such as behavioral characteristics, and morphological traits, including gait, and any necropsy results. Consultation with an expert on wolf-dog cross identification is not a prerequisite to enforcing this act for a violation of section 3(1)(d) or (e).
History:
2000, Act 246, Imd. Eff. June 29, 2000
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 287 - Animal Industry › Act 246 of 2000 - Wolf-Dog Cross Act (287.1001 - 287.1023) › Section 287.1014 - Notice of Violation; Correction; Transfer of Ownership and Possession; Inspection; Noncompliance; Forfeiture.

287.1014 Notice of violation; correction; transfer of ownership and possession; inspection; noncompliance; forfeiture.
Sec. 14.
(1) If there is probable cause to believe this act is being violated, a law enforcement officer may give notice of the violation in writing to the owner of the wolf-dog cross. The notice shall identify the violation and include a copy of this act.
(2) Not more than 30 days after the notice is delivered, the owner of the wolf-dog cross shall transfer ownership and possession of the wolf-dog cross or, subject to subsection (3), correct the violation and shall notify the law enforcement officer of the action taken.
(3) If the violation was failure to obtain a permit and the violation was committed knowingly, not more than 14 days after the notice is delivered, the owner of the wolf-dog cross shall transfer ownership and possession of the wolf-dog cross and notify the law enforcement officer of the action taken.
(4) A wolf-dog cross transferred under subsection (2) or (3) shall be transferred to a person described in section 22(1)(a), (b), (c), or (d). Notice that the wolf-dog cross was transferred under this subsection shall include evidence of the transfer satisfactory to the law enforcement officer.
(5) Unless the owner of the wolf-dog cross notifies the law enforcement officer that the wolf-dog cross was transferred under subsection (2) or (3), the law enforcement officer shall conduct an inspection at a reasonable time not less than 30 days after notice of the violation was delivered. When the second inspection is conducted, the owner of the wolf-dog cross shall pay an inspection fee of $25.00 or actual, reasonable costs of the inspection, whichever is greater, to the law enforcement officer.
(6) If the law enforcement officer finds that the owner of the wolf-dog cross has not complied with subsection (2) or (3), the law enforcement officer shall seek forfeiture of the wolf-dog cross under section 16.
History:
2000, Act 246, Imd. Eff. June 29, 2000
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 287 - Animal Industry › Act 246 of 2000 - Wolf-Dog Cross Act (287.1001 - 287.1023) › Section 287.1015 - Violation as Misdemeanor; Penalty; Additional Punishment; Exception.

287.1015 Violation as misdemeanor; penalty; additional punishment; exception.
Sec. 15.
(1) Subject to subsection (2), a person who violates this act is guilty of a misdemeanor. The person shall be punished by a fine of not less than $250.00 or more than $1,000.00, plus costs of prosecution. However, a person who fails to obtain a permit as required by this act shall be punished by a fine, for each wolf-dog cross for which the permit was required, of not less than $500.00 or more than $2,000.00, plus costs of prosecution. In addition, a person who violates this act may be punished by 1 or more of the following:
(a) Imprisonment for not more than 93 days.
(b) Community service work for not more than 500 hours.
(c) The loss of privileges to own or possess any animal.
(2) Subsection (1) does not apply to a law enforcement officer, veterinarian, or permitting agency with respect to the performance of the duties of a law enforcement officer, veterinarian, or permitting agency under this act.
History:
2000, Act 246, Imd. Eff. June 29, 2000
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 287 - Animal Industry › Act 246 of 2000 - Wolf-Dog Cross Act (287.1001 - 287.1023) › Section 287.1016 - Violation; Civil Forfeiture.

287.1016 Violation; civil forfeiture.
Sec. 16.
(1) If a person who owns or possesses a wolf-dog cross violates this act, that wolf-dog cross and any other wolf-dog crosses owned by that person are subject to civil forfeiture.
(2) The prosecuting attorney in an action under section 15 may file a petition requesting that the court issue an order for civil forfeiture of all of the wolf-dog crosses owned by the person violating this act.
(3) Any person may file with a court having jurisdiction a complaint alleging that a person is violating this act and requesting the court to order the civil forfeiture of all of the wolf-dog crosses owned by that person.
History:
2000, Act 246, Imd. Eff. June 29, 2000
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 287 - Animal Industry › Act 246 of 2000 - Wolf-Dog Cross Act (287.1001 - 287.1023) › Section 287.1017 - Seizure Order; Circumstances; Methods; Return of Wolf-Dog Cross to Victim.

287.1017 Seizure order; circumstances; methods; return of wolf-dog cross to victim.
Sec. 17.
(1) A law enforcement officer shall seize a wolf-dog cross pursuant to an order of seizure issued by the court having jurisdiction over the wolf-dog cross upon a showing of probable cause that the wolf-dog cross is subject to forfeiture under section 16(1).
(2) A wolf-dog cross subject to forfeiture under section 16(1) may be seized under any of the following circumstances:
(a) The seizure is incident to a lawful arrest for a violation of this act.
(b) The seizure is pursuant to a valid search warrant.
(c) The seizure is pursuant to an inspection under a valid administrative inspection warrant.
(d) There is probable cause to believe that the conditions under which the wolf-dog cross or any other wolf-dog cross owned by the same person is kept are directly or indirectly dangerous to human or animal health or safety.
(e) Exigent circumstances exist that preclude obtaining a court order, and there is probable cause to believe that this act has been violated.
(f) The wolf-dog cross or any other wolf-dog cross owned by the same person is the subject of a prior judgment in favor of this state in a forfeiture proceeding.
(3) If a seizure is to be accomplished by capture, tranquilization or other humane methods shall be used for the capture.
(4) A wolf-dog cross seized under this act is not subject to any other action to recover personal property, but is considered to be in the custody of the seizing agency subject only to subsection (5) and sections 18 and 19, or to an order and judgment of the court having jurisdiction over the forfeiture proceedings. When a wolf-dog cross is seized under this act, the law enforcement officer may remove the wolf-dog cross to a place designated by the court.
(5) A wolf-dog cross that belongs to the victim of a crime shall promptly be returned to the victim, except in the following circumstances:
(a) When the crime victim last possessed the wolf-dog cross, he or she was in violation of section 4.
(b) If the ownership of the wolf-dog cross is disputed, until the dispute is resolved.
(c) If the property is required to be retained as evidence pursuant to section 4(4) of the crime victim's rights act, 1985 PA 87, MCL 780.754.
History:
2000, Act 246, Imd. Eff. June 29, 2000
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 287 - Animal Industry › Act 246 of 2000 - Wolf-Dog Cross Act (287.1001 - 287.1023) › Section 287.1018 - Seizure of Wolf-Dog Cross; Return to Owner; Notice of Seizure.

287.1018 Seizure of wolf-dog cross; return to owner; notice of seizure.
Sec. 18.
(1) A law enforcement officer may return a seized wolf-dog cross to the owner of the wolf-dog cross if the law enforcement officer is satisfied that the conditions resulting in the seizure have been corrected. If the wolf-dog cross was seized pursuant to process issued by a court, the law enforcement officer shall obtain approval of the court before returning the wolf-dog cross.
(2) Unless the wolf-dog cross has been returned, the law enforcement officer shall, within 10 days after the wolf-dog cross is seized, give written notice of the seizure and intent to forfeit the wolf-dog cross to each of the following persons:
(a) The owner of the wolf-dog cross.
(b) Each person with a known ownership interest in the wolf-dog cross.
(c) Any person who was injured or whose property was damaged by the wolf-dog cross.
(3) The notice required under subsection (2) shall be delivered in person or sent by certified mail. If the name and address of the person are not reasonably ascertainable or personal delivery of the notice cannot reasonably be accomplished, the notice shall be published in a newspaper of general circulation in the county in which the wolf-dog cross was seized for 10 successive publishing days. Proof of written notice or publication shall be filed with the court having jurisdiction over the seizure or forfeiture.
(4) The law enforcement officer shall immediately after seizure of the wolf-dog cross notify the prosecuting attorney for the county in which the wolf-dog cross was seized or, if the attorney general is actively handling a case involving or relating to the wolf-dog cross, the attorney general of the seizure of the wolf-dog cross and any intent to forfeit the wolf-dog cross under this act.
History:
2000, Act 246, Imd. Eff. June 29, 2000
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 287 - Animal Industry › Act 246 of 2000 - Wolf-Dog Cross Act (287.1001 - 287.1023) › Section 287.1019 - Motion to Return Wolf-Dog Cross; Filing; Grounds; Hearing; Failure to Sustain Burden of Proof; Order; Admissibility of Testimony in Criminal Prosecution.

287.1019 Motion to return wolf-dog cross; filing; grounds; hearing; failure to sustain burden of proof; order; admissibility of testimony in criminal prosecution.
Sec. 19.
(1) The owner of a wolf-dog cross may file a motion with the court having jurisdiction to return the wolf-dog cross on the grounds that the wolf-dog cross was illegally seized or that the wolf-dog cross is not subject to forfeiture under this act. The court shall hear the motion within 30 days after the motion is filed.
(2) At the hearing on the motion filed under subsection (1), the attorney general, or the attorney for the local unit in which the wolf-dog cross was seized, shall establish probable cause to believe that the wolf-dog cross is subject to forfeiture under this act and, if the owner claims the wolf-dog cross was illegally seized, that the wolf-dog cross was properly seized.
(3) If the attorney general or the attorney for the local unit in which the wolf-dog cross was seized fails to sustain his or her burden of proof under subsection (2), the court shall order the return of the wolf-dog cross.
(4) The testimony of a person at a hearing held under this section is not admissible against him or her in any criminal proceeding except in a criminal prosecution for perjury. The testimony of a person at a hearing held under this section does not waive the person's constitutional right against self-incrimination.
History:
2000, Act 246, Imd. Eff. June 29, 2000
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 287 - Animal Industry › Act 246 of 2000 - Wolf-Dog Cross Act (287.1001 - 287.1023) › Section 287.1020 - Return of Seized Wolf-Dog Cross; Conditions; Notice; Order of Forfeiture; Liability for Costs.

287.1020 Return of seized wolf-dog cross; conditions; notice; order of forfeiture; liability for costs.
Sec. 20.
(1) A law enforcement officer shall return a seized wolf-dog cross to the owner of the wolf-dog cross within 7 days after the occurrence of any of the following:
(a) The failure to issue a warrant against the owner or person temporarily in possession of the wolf-dog cross for committing a misdemeanor under section 15 or to file a complaint under section 16(3) within 10 days after the wolf-dog cross is seized.
(b) The dismissal of charges against the owner or person temporarily in possession of the wolf-dog cross under section 15 or of a complaint under section 16(3), as applicable.
(c) The court's determination that an order for the wolf-dog cross to be forfeited shall not be entered.
(d) The acquittal of the owner or person temporarily in possession of the wolf-dog cross of any charges under section 15.
(e) Entry of a court order under this act for the return of the wolf-dog cross.
(2) If a wolf-dog cross is returned under subsection (1), the law enforcement officer shall give written notice to the persons who received notice under section 18 that the wolf-dog cross has been returned. The notice under this subsection shall be delivered in person or sent by certified mail. If the name and address of the person are not reasonably ascertainable or personal delivery of the notice cannot reasonably be accomplished, the notice shall be published in a newspaper of general circulation in the county in which the wolf-dog cross was seized for 10 successive publishing days.
(3) If the court orders a wolf-dog cross to be forfeited, the order of forfeiture shall direct that each wolf-dog cross be transferred to a wildlife sanctuary approved by the association of sanctuaries, an animal protection shelter, or a zoo accredited by the American zoo and aquarium association, where the wolf-dog cross will be safely and humanely cared for as provided by this act. However, subject to section 10, if the wolf-dog cross killed or injured a human or an animal, the order of forfeiture may direct that the wolf-dog cross be humanely euthanized by a veterinarian. An order of forfeiture shall also revoke any permit that may have been issued for the wolf-dog cross under section 4 and order payment of costs under subsection (4). The forfeiture is a civil forfeiture.
(4) If a wolf-dog cross is seized, the owner of the wolf-dog cross is liable for the costs of placement and care for the wolf-dog cross from the time of seizure until the time of return or forfeiture and, if a wolf-dog cross is ordered to be forfeited and euthanized, for the costs of humanely euthanizing and disposing of the wolf-dog cross. This subsection does not apply if the wolf-dog cross is returned under subsection (1) or section 19.
History:
2000, Act 246, Imd. Eff. June 29, 2000
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 287 - Animal Industry › Act 246 of 2000 - Wolf-Dog Cross Act (287.1001 - 287.1023) › Section 287.1021 - Local Ordinances; Effect; Additional Requirements.

287.1021 Local ordinances; effect; additional requirements.
Sec. 21.
(1) A local unit may adopt an ordinance governing wolf-dog crosses that is more restrictive than this act.
(2) The requirements of this act are in addition to any other requirements governing a wolf-dog cross under state and federal law.
History:
2000, Act 246, Imd. Eff. June 29, 2000
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 287 - Animal Industry › Act 246 of 2000 - Wolf-Dog Cross Act (287.1001 - 287.1023) › Section 287.1022 - Applicability of MCL 287.1004, 287.1005, 287.1006, 287.1008, and 287.1014.

287.1022 Applicability of MCL 287.1004, 287.1005, 287.1006, 287.1008, and 287.1014.
Sec. 22.
(1) Sections 4, 5, and 6 do not apply to any of the following:
(a) An animal control shelter or animal protection shelter.
(b) A person licensed or approved by the department of natural resources of this state or by the United States fish and wildlife service of the United States department of the interior.
(c) A zoological park approved or accredited by the American zoo and aquarium association.
(d) A person approved by the association of sanctuaries.
(e) A law enforcement officer acting under the authority of this act.
(f) A veterinarian temporarily in possession of a wolf-dog cross to provide veterinary care for or humanely euthanize the wolf-dog cross.
(2) Sections 4, 5, 6(1)(d) to (5)(b), 8, and 14(3) do not apply to a person who is not a resident of this state and who is in this state only for the purpose of travel between locations outside of this state.
History:
2000, Act 246, Imd. Eff. June 29, 2000
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 287 - Animal Industry › Act 246 of 2000 - Wolf-Dog Cross Act (287.1001 - 287.1023) › Section 287.1023 - Providing Information to Pet Shops and Animal Shelters.

287.1023 Providing information to pet shops and animal shelters.
Sec. 23.
The department shall provide each pet shop, animal control shelter, and animal protection shelter with information on the requirements of this act.
History:
2000, Act 246, Imd. Eff. June 29, 2000
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 287 - Animal Industry › Act 274 of 2000 - Large Carnivore Act (287.1101 - 287.1123) › Section 287.1101 - Short Title.

287.1101 Short title.
Sec. 1.
This act shall be known and may be cited as the "large carnivore act".
History:
2000, Act 274, Imd. Eff. July 7, 2000
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 287 - Animal Industry › Act 274 of 2000 - Large Carnivore Act (287.1101 - 287.1123) › Section 287.1103 - Prohibited Conduct.

287.1103 Prohibited conduct.
Sec. 3.
A person shall not do any of the following:
(a) Own or possess a large carnivore except in compliance with this act.
(b) Except as provided in section 22, breed a large carnivore.
(c) Transfer ownership or possession of or receive a transfer of ownership or possession of a large carnivore, with or without remuneration. This subdivision does not apply to a transfer of ownership or possession of a large carnivore expressly authorized or required by this act.
History:
2000, Act 274, Imd. Eff. July 7, 2000 ;-- Am. 2018, Act 610, Eff. Mar. 28, 2019
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 287 - Animal Industry › Act 274 of 2000 - Large Carnivore Act (287.1101 - 287.1123) › Section 287.1105 - Placement of Identification Number via Subcutaneous Microchip.

287.1105 Placement of identification number via subcutaneous microchip.
Sec. 5.
The owner of a large carnivore shall have an identification number placed in the large carnivore via subcutaneous microchip, at the expense of the owner, by or under the supervision of a veterinarian.
History:
2000, Act 274, Imd. Eff. July 7, 2000
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 287 - Animal Industry › Act 274 of 2000 - Large Carnivore Act (287.1101 - 287.1123) › Section 287.1107 - Transportation Requirements.

287.1107 Transportation requirements.
Sec. 7.
A person lawfully in possession of a large carnivore under this act may transport the large carnivore in a vehicle. A person transporting a large carnivore in a vehicle shall comply with the standards in International Air Transport Ass'n., Live Animal Regulations (26th ed., 1999) applicable to the large carnivore species. In addition, a person transporting a large carnivore in a vehicle shall comply with all of the following requirements:
(a) The large carnivore shall be individually and securely caged, even while inside a passenger vehicle or in the bed of a truck. However, a female large carnivore and each of her unweaned offspring, if any, shall be transported in the same cage.
(b) The vehicle shall provide fresh air without injurious drafts and provide adequate protection from the elements to the large carnivore.
(c) The large carnivore's cargo area shall be as free as possible of engine exhaust fumes.
(d) Fecal and food wastes shall be removed from the large carnivore's transport cage on at least a daily basis.
(e) The temperature within the large carnivore's cage shall not be harmful to the large carnivore's health.
(f) The large carnivore's cage shall be large enough to ensure that the large carnivore has sufficient space to stand erect, turn around, and lie naturally.
(g) The large carnivore shall not be placed in a cage over or next to another animal unless each enclosure has a fitted floor or lateral partition that prevents excreta from entering lower or adjacent enclosures.
(h) The large carnivore shall be given potable water at least twice daily and fed at least once daily, unless otherwise directed by a veterinarian.
History:
2000, Act 274, Imd. Eff. July 7, 2000
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 287 - Animal Industry › Act 274 of 2000 - Large Carnivore Act (287.1101 - 287.1123) › Section 287.1108 - Exportation Requirements.

287.1108 Exportation requirements.
Sec. 8.
A person shall not export or attempt to export a large carnivore to another state or country unless all of the following requirements are met:
(a) The import and possession of the large carnivore are lawful in the other state or country.
(b) The destination and proposed new owner of the large carnivore have been approved by the regulatory agency in the other state or country having authority to do so, if any.
History:
2000, Act 274, Imd. Eff. July 7, 2000
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 287 - Animal Industry › Act 274 of 2000 - Large Carnivore Act (287.1101 - 287.1123) › Section 287.1109 - Exposure of Human, Livestock, or Mammalian Pet to Rabies.

287.1109 Exposure of human, livestock, or mammalian pet to rabies.
Sec. 9.
(1) If a large carnivore potentially exposes a human to rabies by any penetration of the skin by teeth, any scratch that causes penetration of the skin, any abrasion that causes penetration of the skin, or contamination of open wounds or mucous membranes with saliva or other infectious material, the owner of the large carnivore shall report the potential exposure to the local health department within 24 hours.
(2) If a large carnivore potentially exposes livestock or a mammalian pet to rabies by any penetration of the skin by teeth, any scratch that causes penetration of the skin, any abrasion that causes penetration of the skin, or contamination of open wounds or mucous membranes with saliva or other infectious material, the owner of the large carnivore shall report the potential exposure to the permitting agency within 24 hours.
History:
2000, Act 274, Imd. Eff. July 7, 2000
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 287 - Animal Industry › Act 274 of 2000 - Large Carnivore Act (287.1101 - 287.1123) › Section 287.1110 - Euthanasia of Large Carnivore Exposing Human, Livestock, or Mammalian Pet to Rabies; Examination.

287.1110 Euthanasia of large carnivore exposing human, livestock, or mammalian pet to rabies; examination.
Sec. 10.
If a large carnivore potentially exposes a human, livestock, or a mammalian pet to rabies by any means identified in this section, the large carnivore shall be humanely euthanized by a veterinarian. The large carnivore shall be immediately examined for rabies in the manner provided by rules promulgated under section 5111 of the public health code, 1978 PA 368, MCL 333.5111.
History:
2000, Act 274, Imd. Eff. July 7, 2000
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 287 - Animal Industry › Act 274 of 2000 - Large Carnivore Act (287.1101 - 287.1123) › Section 287.1111 - Conditions Permitting Law Enforcement Officer or Other Person to Kill Large Carnivore; Liability; Actions Constituting Trespass.

287.1111 Conditions permitting law enforcement officer or other person to kill large carnivore; liability; actions constituting trespass.
Sec. 11.
(1) A law enforcement officer or other person may kill a large carnivore if the person sees the large carnivore chasing, attacking, injuring, or killing either of the following:
(a) A human.
(b) Livestock, poultry, or a mammalian pet.
(2) A law enforcement officer may kill a large carnivore if the law enforcement officer sees the large carnivore chasing, attacking, injuring, or killing wildlife.
(3) A person is not liable in damages or otherwise for killing or attempting to kill a large carnivore under subsection (1) or (2).
(4) This act does not prohibit the owner of a large carnivore, for which a permit has been issued if required under this act, from recovering by legal action against a law enforcement officer or other person the value of a large carnivore illegally killed by that law enforcement officer or other person.
(5) A large carnivore's entry onto a field or enclosure that is owned by or leased by a person producing livestock or poultry constitutes a trespass, and the owner of the large carnivore is liable in damages.
History:
2000, Act 274, Imd. Eff. July 7, 2000
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 287 - Animal Industry › Act 274 of 2000 - Large Carnivore Act (287.1101 - 287.1123) › Section 287.1112 - Liability of Owner for Death or Injury of Human or for Property Damage; Escape or Release of Large Carnivore.

287.1112 Liability of owner for death or injury of human or for property damage; escape or release of large carnivore.
Sec. 12.
(1) The owner of a large carnivore is liable in a civil action for the death or injury of a human and for property damage, including, but not limited to, the death or injury of another animal, caused by the large carnivore. This act does not limit the common law liability of the owner of a large carnivore for the death or injury of a human or for property damage caused by the large carnivore.
(2) If a large carnivore escapes or is released, intentionally or unintentionally, the owner of the large carnivore shall immediately contact a law enforcement officer of the local unit where the escape or release occurred to report the loss, escape, or release. The owner of the large carnivore is liable for all expenses associated with efforts to recapture the large carnivore that is released or escapes.
(3) The owner of the large carnivore may bring against a person who is responsible in whole or part for the escape or release of the large carnivore a civil action for damages, including, but not limited to, damages and expenses under subsections (1) and (2).
History:
2000, Act 274, Imd. Eff. July 7, 2000
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 287 - Animal Industry › Act 274 of 2000 - Large Carnivore Act (287.1101 - 287.1123) › Section 287.1113 - Inspection of Facility by Law Enforcement Officer.

287.1113 Inspection of facility by law enforcement officer.
Sec. 13.
(1) A facility is subject to inspection at reasonable hours by a law enforcement officer to ensure compliance with this act.
(2) If there is probable cause to believe that this act is being violated, a law enforcement officer shall do 1 of the following:
(a) Issue to the owner of the large carnivore a notice of the violation under section 14.
(b) Arrest the owner of the large carnivore or seek a warrant for his or her arrest, as appropriate under chapter IV of the code of criminal procedure, 1927 PA 175, MCL 764.1 to 764.29, for a misdemeanor under section 15.
(c) File a sworn complaint under section 16(3).
History:
2000, Act 274, Imd. Eff. July 7, 2000
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 287 - Animal Industry › Act 274 of 2000 - Large Carnivore Act (287.1101 - 287.1123) › Section 287.1114 - Notice of Violation; Transfer of Ownership and Possession; Second Inspection; Fee; Finding of Noncompliance; Forfeiture.

287.1114 Notice of violation; transfer of ownership and possession; second inspection; fee; finding of noncompliance; forfeiture.
Sec. 14.
(1) If there is probable cause to believe this act is being violated, a law enforcement officer may give notice of the violation in writing to the owner of the large carnivore. The notice shall identify the violation and include a copy of this act.
(2) Not more than 30 days after the notice is delivered, the owner of the large carnivore shall transfer ownership and possession of the large carnivore or, subject to subsection (3), correct the violation and shall notify the law enforcement officer of the action taken.
(3) If the violation was failure to obtain a permit and the violation was committed knowingly, not more than 14 days after the notice is delivered, the owner of the large carnivore shall transfer ownership and possession of the large carnivore and notify the law enforcement officer of the action taken.
(4) A large carnivore transferred under subsection (2) or (3) must be transferred to a person described in section 22(1)(a) or (3). Notice that the large carnivore was transferred under this subsection must include evidence of the transfer satisfactory to the law enforcement officer.
(5) Unless the owner of the large carnivore notifies the law enforcement officer that the large carnivore was transferred under subsection (2) or (3), the law enforcement officer shall conduct an inspection at a reasonable time not less than 30 days after notice of the violation was delivered. When the second inspection is conducted, the owner of the large carnivore shall pay an inspection fee of $25.00 or actual, reasonable costs of the inspection, whichever is greater, to the law enforcement officer.
(6) If the law enforcement officer finds that the owner of the large carnivore has not complied with subsection (2) or (3), the law enforcement officer shall seek forfeiture of the large carnivore under section 16.
History:
2000, Act 274, Imd. Eff. July 7, 2000 ;-- Am. 2018, Act 610, Eff. Mar. 28, 2019
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 287 - Animal Industry › Act 274 of 2000 - Large Carnivore Act (287.1101 - 287.1123) › Section 287.1115 - Violation as Misdemeanor; Fine; Exception.

287.1115 Violation as misdemeanor; fine; exception.
Sec. 15.
(1) Subject to subsection (2), a person who violates this act is guilty of a misdemeanor. The person shall be punished by a fine of not less than $250.00 or more than $1,000.00, plus costs of prosecution. However, a person who fails to obtain a permit as required by this act shall be punished by a fine, for each large carnivore for which the permit was required, of not less than $500.00 or more than $2,000.00, plus costs of prosecution. In addition, a person who violates this act may be punished by 1 or more of the following:
(a) Imprisonment for not more than 93 days.
(b) Community service work for not more than 500 hours.
(c) The loss of privileges to own or possess any animal.
(2) Subsection (1) does not apply to a law enforcement officer, veterinarian, or permitting agency with respect to the performance of the duties of a law enforcement officer, veterinarian, or permitting agency under this act.
History:
2000, Act 274, Imd. Eff. July 7, 2000
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 287 - Animal Industry › Act 274 of 2000 - Large Carnivore Act (287.1101 - 287.1123) › Section 287.1116 - Violation; Request for Civil Forfeiture; Filing.

287.1116 Violation; request for civil forfeiture; filing.
Sec. 16.
(1) If a person who owns or possesses a large carnivore violates this act, that large carnivore and any other large carnivore owned by that person are subject to civil forfeiture.
(2) The prosecuting attorney in an action under section 15 may file a petition requesting that the court issue an order for civil forfeiture of all of the large carnivores owned by the person violating this act.
(3) Any person may file with a court having jurisdiction a complaint alleging that a person is violating this act and requesting the court to order the civil forfeiture of all of the large carnivores owned by that person.
History:
2000, Act 274, Imd. Eff. July 7, 2000
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 287 - Animal Industry › Act 274 of 2000 - Large Carnivore Act (287.1101 - 287.1123) › Section 287.1117 - Seizure Order; Circumstances; Method; Placement; Return to Crime Victim.

287.1117 Seizure order; circumstances; method; placement; return to crime victim.
Sec. 17.
(1) A law enforcement officer shall seize a large carnivore pursuant to an order of seizure issued by the court having jurisdiction over the large carnivore upon a showing of probable cause that the large carnivore is subject to forfeiture under section 16(1).
(2) A large carnivore subject to forfeiture under section 16(1) may be seized under any of the following circumstances:
(a) The seizure is incident to a lawful arrest for a violation of this act.
(b) The seizure is pursuant to a valid search warrant.
(c) The seizure is pursuant to an inspection under a valid administrative inspection warrant.
(d) There is probable cause to believe that the conditions under which the large carnivore or any other large carnivore owned by the same person is kept are directly or indirectly dangerous to human or animal health or safety.
(e) Exigent circumstances exist that preclude obtaining a court order, and there is probable cause to believe that this act has been violated.
(f) The large carnivore or any other large carnivore owned by the same person is the subject of a prior judgment in favor of this state in a forfeiture proceeding.
(3) If a seizure is to be accomplished by capture, tranquilization or other humane methods shall be used for the capture.
(4) A large carnivore seized under this act is not subject to any other action to recover personal property, but is considered to be in the custody of the seizing agency subject only to subsection (5) and sections 18 and 19, or to an order and judgment of the court having jurisdiction over the forfeiture proceedings. When a large carnivore is seized under this act, the law enforcement officer may remove the large carnivore to a place designated by the court.
(5) A large carnivore that belongs to the victim of a crime shall promptly be returned to the victim, except in the following circumstances:
(a) When the crime victim last possessed the large carnivore, he or she was in violation of section 4.
(b) If the ownership of the large carnivore is disputed, until the dispute is resolved.
(c) If the property is required to be retained as evidence pursuant to section 4(4) of the crime victim's rights act, 1985 PA 87, MCL 780.754.
History:
2000, Act 274, Imd. Eff. July 7, 2000
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 287 - Animal Industry › Act 274 of 2000 - Large Carnivore Act (287.1101 - 287.1123) › Section 287.1118 - Correction of Conditions Leading to Seizure; Return to Owner; Court Approval; Notice of Seizure and Intent to Forfeit; Delivery of Notice; Notice to Prosecuting Attorney or Attorney General.

287.1118 Correction of conditions leading to seizure; return to owner; court approval; notice of seizure and intent to forfeit; delivery of notice; notice to prosecuting attorney or attorney general.
Sec. 18.
(1) A law enforcement officer may return a seized large carnivore to the owner of the large carnivore if the law enforcement officer is satisfied that the conditions resulting in the seizure have been corrected. If the large carnivore was seized pursuant to process issued by a court, the law enforcement officer shall obtain approval of the court before returning the large carnivore.
(2) Unless the large carnivore has been returned, the law enforcement officer shall, within 10 days after the large carnivore is seized, give written notice of the seizure and intent to forfeit the large carnivore to each of the following persons:
(a) The owner of the large carnivore.
(b) Any person who was injured or whose property was damaged by the large carnivore.
(3) The notice required under subsection (2) shall be delivered in person or sent by certified mail. If the name and address of the person are not reasonably ascertainable or personal delivery of the notice cannot reasonably be accomplished, the notice shall be published in a newspaper of general circulation in the county in which the large carnivore was seized for 10 successive publishing days. Proof of written notice or publication shall be filed with the court having jurisdiction over the seizure or forfeiture.
(4) The law enforcement officer shall immediately after seizure of the large carnivore notify the prosecuting attorney for the county in which the large carnivore was seized or, if the attorney general is actively handling a case involving or relating to the large carnivore, the attorney general of the seizure of the large carnivore and any intent to forfeit the large carnivore under this act.
History:
2000, Act 274, Imd. Eff. July 7, 2000
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 287 - Animal Industry › Act 274 of 2000 - Large Carnivore Act (287.1101 - 287.1123) › Section 287.1119 - Motion by Owner for Return of Large Carnivore; Hearing; Establishment of Probable Cause; Burden of Proof; Admissibility of Testimony in Criminal Prosecution.

287.1119 Motion by owner for return of large carnivore; hearing; establishment of probable cause; burden of proof; admissibility of testimony in criminal prosecution.
Sec. 19.
(1) The owner of a large carnivore may file a motion with the court having jurisdiction to return the large carnivore on the grounds that the large carnivore was illegally seized or that the large carnivore is not subject to forfeiture under this act. The court shall hear the motion within 30 days after the motion is filed.
(2) At the hearing on the motion filed under subsection (1), the attorney general, or the attorney for the local unit in which the large carnivore was seized, shall establish probable cause to believe that the large carnivore is subject to forfeiture under this act and, if the owner claims the large carnivore was illegally seized, that the large carnivore was properly seized.
(3) If the attorney general or the attorney for the local unit in which the large carnivore was seized fails to sustain his or her burden of proof under subsection (2), the court shall order the return of the large carnivore.
(4) The testimony of a person at a hearing held under this section is not admissible against him or her in any criminal proceeding except in a criminal prosecution for perjury. The testimony of a person at a hearing held under this section does not waive the person's constitutional right against self-incrimination.
History:
2000, Act 274, Imd. Eff. July 7, 2000