reglab/statecodes huggingface dataset:
2023 Maryland Statutes › Courts and Judicial Proceedings › Title 5 - Limitations, Prohibited Actions, and Immunities › Subtitle 3 - Local Government Tort Claims Act › Section 5-304 - Actions for Unliquidated Damages

(a)    This section does not apply to an action:
(1)    Against a nonprofit corporation described in § 5–301(d)(23), (24), (25), (26), (28), or (29) of this subtitle or its employees; or
(2)    Brought under § 5–117 of this title.
(b)    (1)    Except as provided in subsections (a) and (d) of this section, an action for unliquidated damages may not be brought against a local government or its employees unless the notice of the claim required by this section is given within 1 year after the injury.
(2)    The notice shall be in writing and shall state the time, place, and cause of the injury.
(c)    (1)    The notice required under this section shall be given in person or by certified mail, return receipt requested, bearing a postmark from the United States Postal Service, by the claimant or the representative of the claimant.
(2)    Except as otherwise provided, if the defendant local government is a county, the notice required under this section shall be given to the county commissioners or county council of the defendant local government.
(3)    If the defendant local government is:
(i)    Baltimore City, the notice shall be given to the City Solicitor;
(ii)    Howard County or Montgomery County, the notice shall be given to the County Executive; and
(iii)    Anne Arundel County, Baltimore County, Frederick County, Harford County, or Prince George’s County, the notice shall be given to the county solicitor or county attorney.
(4)    For any other local government, the notice shall be given to the corporate authorities of the defendant local government.
(d)    Notwithstanding the other provisions of this section, unless the defendant can affirmatively show that its defense has been prejudiced by lack of required notice, upon motion and for good cause shown the court may entertain the suit even though the required notice was not given.
(e)    This section does not apply if, within 1 year after the injury, the defendant local government has actual or constructive notice of:
(1)    The claimant’s injury; or
(2)    The defect or circumstances giving rise to the claimant’s injury.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Courts and Judicial Proceedings › Title 5 - Limitations, Prohibited Actions, and Immunities › Subtitle 4 - Immunities and Prohibited Actions -- Businesses, Associations, and Charities › Section 5-401.1 - Release or Settlement of Claim by Injured Individual

(a)    (1)    A release of the claim of an injured individual for damages resulting from a tort, signed by the injured individual within 30 days of the infliction of the injuries without the assistance or guidance of an attorney at law, and any power of attorney to or contract of employment with an attorney at law, with reference to recovery of damages for the tort, signed by the individual within  30 days after the infliction of the injuries, shall be voidable at the option of the injured individual within 60 days after the day on which the individual signed the document.
(2)    (i)    Notice that a release is voided under this subsection by the injured individual shall be:
1.    In writing; and
2.    Accompanied by the return of any money paid to the injured individual as a result of the signing of the release.
(ii)    The release is void from the date that the notice is mailed.
(b)    A person whose interest is or may become adverse to an injured individual who is confined to a hospital or sanitarium as a patient may not, within 15 days from the date of the occurrence causing the patient’s injury:
(1)    Negotiate or attempt to negotiate a settlement with the patient;
(2)    Obtain or attempt to obtain a general release of liability from the patient; or
(3)    Obtain or attempt to obtain any statement, either written or oral from the patient, for use in negotiating a settlement or obtaining a release.
(c)    Any settlement agreement entered into or any general release of liability made by any individual who is confined in a hospital or sanitarium after the individual incurs a personal injury may not be used in evidence in any court action relating to the injury and may not be used for any purpose in any legal action in connection with the injury if the settlement agreement or release is obtained contrary to the provisions of subsection (b) of this section.
(d)    A release executed by an individual who has sustained personal injuries does not discharge a subsequent tort–feasor:
(1)    Who is not a party to the release; and
(2)    (i)    Whose responsibility for the individual’s injuries is unknown at the time of execution of the release; or
(ii)    Who is not specifically identified in the release.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Courts and Judicial Proceedings › Title 5 - Limitations, Prohibited Actions, and Immunities › Subtitle 4 - Immunities and Prohibited Actions -- Businesses, Associations, and Charities › Section 5-402 - Civil Liability of Merchant or Owner or Lessee of Motion Picture Theater for Detention or Arrest of Person for Commission of Certain Crimes

(a)    A merchant or an agent or employee of the merchant who detains or causes the arrest of any person shall not be held civilly liable for detention, slander, malicious prosecution, false imprisonment, or false arrest of the person detained or arrested, whether the detention or arrest takes place by the merchant or by his agent or employee, if in detaining or in causing the arrest of the person, the merchant or the agent or employee of the merchant had, at the time of the detention or arrest, probable cause to believe that the person committed the crime of “theft,” as prohibited by § 7-104 of the Criminal Law Article, of property of the merchant from the premises of the merchant.
(b)    An owner or lessee of a motion picture theater or an agent or employee of the owner or lessee who detains or causes the arrest of any person may not be held civilly liable for detention, defamation, malicious prosecution, false imprisonment, or false arrest of the person detained or arrested, if in detaining or causing the arrest of the person, the owner, lessee, agent, or employee had, at the time of the detention or arrest, probable cause to believe that the person committed in the motion picture theater a violation of § 7-308(e) of the Criminal Law Article.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Courts and Judicial Proceedings › Title 5 - Limitations, Prohibited Actions, and Immunities › Subtitle 4 - Immunities and Prohibited Actions -- Businesses, Associations, and Charities › Section 5-403.1 - Private Nuisance Actions Against Sport Shooting Ranges

(a)    In this section, “sport shooting range” means an area designed and used for trapshooting, skeetshooting, or other target shooting.
(b)    This section applies only to private nuisance actions and does not apply to public nuisance actions.
(c)    If there has been no shooting activity at a sport shooting range for a period of 3 consecutive years, the date of resumption of shooting activity is considered the date of the establishment of a sport shooting range for purposes of this section.
(d)    (1)    Except as provided in paragraph (2) of this subsection, a person may not bring a civil nuisance action for noise against a person who owns, operates, or uses a sport shooting range located within the vicinity of the property of the person bringing the action if the sport shooting range was established as of the date the person acquired the property.
(2)    This section may not be construed to limit a nuisance action against a sport shooting range established on or after June 1, 1997.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Courts and Judicial Proceedings › Title 5 - Limitations, Prohibited Actions, and Immunities › Subtitle 4 - Immunities and Prohibited Actions -- Businesses, Associations, and Charities › Section 5-404 - Actions Against Farmers Permitting Gleaning

(a)    (1)    In this section the following words have the meanings indicated.
(2)    “Agent of a charitable organization” means a person who:
(i)    Is or was a director, officer, or employee of a charitable organization; or
(ii)    On a volunteer basis, is or was providing services or performing duties on behalf of a charitable organization.
(3)    “Charitable organization” means an organization, institution, association, society, or corporation that is exempt from taxation under § 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code.
(4)    “Farmer” means a person, including a corporation, who engages in an activity conducted solely or primarily for the production of a farm product.
(5)    “Farm product” has the meaning stated in § 10-601 of the Agriculture Article.
(6)    “Glean” means:
(i)    To harvest or collect farm products from the fields of a farmer who grants access to the fields without charging a fee; and
(ii)    To distribute the farm products to needy individuals, including unemployed and low-income individuals.
(b)    Except as provided in subsection (c) of this section, a farmer is not personally liable for damages in a civil action brought against the farmer for injury to a person or property by a charitable organization or an agent of a charitable organization that the farmer permitted to glean on the farmer’s property.
(c)    This section does not limit any liability that otherwise exists for willful or malicious failure to guard or warn against any dangerous condition, use, structure, or activity.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Courts and Judicial Proceedings › Title 5 - Limitations, Prohibited Actions, and Immunities › Subtitle 4 - Immunities and Prohibited Actions -- Businesses, Associations, and Charities › Section 5-408 - Credit Agreements

(a)    (1)    In this section the following words have the meanings indicated.
(2)    (i)    “Credit agreement” means a covenant, promise, undertaking, commitment, or other agreement by a financial institution to:
1.    Lend money;
2.    Forbear from repayment of money, goods, or things in action;
3.    Forbear from collecting or exercising any right to collect a debt; or
4.    Otherwise extend credit.
(ii)    “Credit agreement” includes agreeing to take or to not take certain actions by a financial institution in connection with an existing or prospective credit agreement.
(3)    “Financial institution” means:
(i)    A bank;
(ii)    A trust company;
(iii)    A savings bank;
(iv)    A savings and loan association; or
(v)    An affiliate or subsidiary of a bank, trust company, savings bank, or savings and loan association.
(b)    A credit agreement is not enforceable by way of action or defense unless it:
(1)    Is in writing;
(2)    Expresses consideration;
(3)    Sets forth the relevant terms and conditions of the agreement; and
(4)    Is signed by the person against whom its enforcement is sought.
(c)    (1)    This section applies only to commercial transactions.
(2)    This section does not apply to:
(i)    Credit agreements made primarily for personal, family, or household purposes; or
(ii)    Credit extended by means of, or in connection with, a credit or charge card.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Courts and Judicial Proceedings › Title 5 - Limitations, Prohibited Actions, and Immunities › Subtitle 4 - Immunities and Prohibited Actions -- Businesses, Associations, and Charities › Section 5-409 - Immunity -- Disclosure of Information Concerning Fire Loss

In the absence of fraud no insurance company or person who furnishes information on its behalf is liable for damages in a civil action for any oral or written statement made or any other action taken that is necessary to supply information required under § 9-605 of the Public Safety Article.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Courts and Judicial Proceedings › Title 5 - Limitations, Prohibited Actions, and Immunities › Subtitle 4 - Immunities and Prohibited Actions -- Businesses, Associations, and Charities › Section 5-410 - Immunity -- Receivership of Insurer

(a)    Except as provided in subsection (b) of this section, no claim of any nature whatsoever that is directly related to the receivership of an insurer shall arise against, and no liability shall be imposed upon, the Insurance Commissioner, deputy commissioner, special deputy commissioner, or any person or entity acting as a receiver of an insurer, including surety, in rehabilitation, liquidation, or conservation as a result of a court order issued on or after January 1, 1985 for any statement made or actions taken or not taken in the good faith exercise of their powers under law.
(b)    The immunity described under subsection (a) of this section may not extend to acts or omissions that are malicious or grossly negligent.
(c)    The immunity described under subsection (a) of this section extends to agents and employees of the receiver.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Courts and Judicial Proceedings › Title 5 - Limitations, Prohibited Actions, and Immunities › Subtitle 4 - Immunities and Prohibited Actions -- Businesses, Associations, and Charities › Section 5-411 - Immunity -- Joint Insurance Association, Member Insurers, Etc

(a)    There may not be any liability on the part of or cause of action of any nature against an Association member, the Joint Insurance Association or its agents or employees, the Board of Directors, or the Insurance Commissioner or the Commissioner’s representatives for any action taken by them in the performance of their powers and duties under Title 25, Subtitle 4 of the Insurance Article, except:
(1)    To the extent that it is proven that any of the entities or individuals specified in this subsection actually received an improper benefit or profit in money, property, or services, for the amount of the benefit or profit in money, property, or services actually received;
(2)    To the extent that a judgment or other final adjudication adverse to any of the entities or individuals specified in this section is entered in a proceeding based on a finding in the proceeding that the entity’s or individual’s action, or failure to act, was the result of active and deliberate dishonesty and was material to the cause of action adjudicated in the proceeding; or
(3)    To the extent that any act of an entity or individual specified in this section was committed in bad faith.
(b)    There may not be any liability on the part of or cause of action of any nature against an Association member, the Joint Insurance Association, the governing committee of the Joint Insurance Association, their agents or employees, or the Insurance Commissioner or the Commissioner’s authorized representatives for any failure to discover defects in the property inspected or for any statements made in any reports and communications concerning the insurability of the property, or in the findings required by the provisions of Title 25, Subtitle 4 of the Insurance Article or the hearings conducted in connection therewith.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Courts and Judicial Proceedings › Title 5 - Limitations, Prohibited Actions, and Immunities › Subtitle 4 - Immunities and Prohibited Actions -- Businesses, Associations, and Charities › Section 5-412 - Immunity -- Property and Casualty Insurance Guaranty Corporation, Member Insurers, Etc

There shall be no liability on the part of and no cause of action of any nature shall arise against a member insurer, the Property and Casualty Insurance Guaranty Corporation or its agents or employees, the Board of Directors, or the Insurance Commissioner or the Commissioner’s representatives for any action taken by them in the performance of their powers and duties under Title 9, Subtitle 3 of the Insurance Article.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Courts and Judicial Proceedings › Title 5 - Limitations, Prohibited Actions, and Immunities › Subtitle 4 - Immunities and Prohibited Actions -- Businesses, Associations, and Charities › Section 5-413 - Immunity -- Life and Health Insurance Guaranty Corporation, Member Insurers, Similar Organizations, Etc

(a)    Except for the payment of assessments as provided under Title 9, Subtitle 4 of the Insurance Article, there shall be no liability on the part of and no cause of action of any nature shall arise against a member insurer or its agents or employees, the Life and Health Insurance Guaranty Corporation or its agents or employees, members of the Board of Directors, or the Insurance Commissioner or representatives of the Commissioner for any action or omission taken by them in the performance of their powers and duties under Title 9, Subtitle 4 of the Insurance Article.
(b)    The immunity provided under this section shall apply to the participation in any organization that consists of one or more other State associations or corporations that have purposes similar to the Life and Health Insurance Guaranty Corporation, and to any such organization and its agents or employees.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Courts and Judicial Proceedings › Title 5 - Limitations, Prohibited Actions, and Immunities › Subtitle 4 - Immunities and Prohibited Actions -- Businesses, Associations, and Charities › Section 5-414 - Immunity -- Labor Associations or Organizations

An association or organization participating or interested in a labor dispute, as those terms are defined under the Labor and Employment Article, or an officer or member of the association or organization, may not be held responsible or liable in a civil action at law or suit in equity, or in any criminal prosecution, for the unlawful acts of individual officers, members, or agents, except on proof by the weight of evidence and without the aid of any presumptions of law or fact, both of:
(1)    The doing of the unlawful acts by persons who are officers, members, or agents of the association or organization; and
(2)    Actual participation in, actual authorization of, or ratification of, the unlawful acts after actual knowledge of the unlawful acts by the association or organization.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Courts and Judicial Proceedings › Title 5 - Limitations, Prohibited Actions, and Immunities › Subtitle 4 - Immunities and Prohibited Actions -- Businesses, Associations, and Charities › Section 5-415 - Immunity -- Carrier Refusing to Deliver Bee Colony

A transportation company or common carrier is not liable for damages for refusing to deliver a colony, as defined under § 5-501 of the Agriculture Article, not accompanied by the documents required under Title 5, Subtitle 5 of the Agriculture Article.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Courts and Judicial Proceedings › Title 5 - Limitations, Prohibited Actions, and Immunities › Subtitle 4 - Immunities and Prohibited Actions -- Businesses, Associations, and Charities › Section 5-416 - Immunity -- Member of Lawyer Counseling Committee

A member of a lawyer counseling committee, defined under § 10-502 of the Business Occupations and Professions Article, who acts in good faith and within the scope of the jurisdiction of the committee is not civilly liable or subject to a disciplinary proceeding for:
(1)    An action as a member of the committee; or
(2)    Giving information to, participating in, or contributing to the functioning of the committee.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Courts and Judicial Proceedings › Title 5 - Limitations, Prohibited Actions, and Immunities › Subtitle 4 - Immunities and Prohibited Actions -- Businesses, Associations, and Charities › Section 5-417 - Immunity -- Directors of Corporations Generally

(a)    In this section, “act” has the meaning stated in § 2–405.1 of the Corporations and Associations Article.
(b)    A present or former director of a corporation who while a director acts or acted in accordance with the standard of conduct provided in § 2–405.1 of the Corporations and Associations Article has no liability in any action based on an act of the director.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Courts and Judicial Proceedings › Title 5 - Limitations, Prohibited Actions, and Immunities › Subtitle 4 - Immunities and Prohibited Actions -- Businesses, Associations, and Charities › Section 5-418 - Immunity -- Charter Provisions Governing Liability of Corporate Directors or Officers

(a)    The charter, as defined under § 1-101 of the Corporations and Associations Article, of a Maryland corporation may include any provision expanding or limiting the liability of its directors and officers to the corporation or its stockholders for money damages, but may not include any provision that restricts or limits the liability of its directors or officers to the corporation or its stockholders:
(1)    To the extent that it is proved that the person actually received an improper benefit or profit in money, property, or services for the amount of the benefit or profit in money, property, or services actually received;
(2)    To the extent that a judgment or other final adjudication adverse to the person is entered in a proceeding based on a finding in the proceeding that the person’s action, or failure to act, was the result of active and deliberate dishonesty and was material to the cause of action adjudicated in the proceeding; or
(3)    With respect to any action described in subsection (b) of this section.
(b)    This section does not apply to an action brought by or on behalf of a State governmental entity, receiver, conservator, or depositor against a director or officer of:
(1)    A banking institution as defined in § 1-101 of the Financial Institutions Article;
(2)    A credit union as described in § 6-301 of the Financial Institutions Article;
(3)    A savings and loan association as defined in § 8-101 of the Financial Institutions Article; or
(4)    A subsidiary of a banking institution, credit union, or savings and loan association described in this subsection.
(c)    This section may not be construed to affect the liability of a person in any capacity other than the person’s capacity as a director or officer.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Courts and Judicial Proceedings › Title 5 - Limitations, Prohibited Actions, and Immunities › Subtitle 4 - Immunities and Prohibited Actions -- Businesses, Associations, and Charities › Section 5-419 - Immunity -- Shareholder or Trustee of Real Estate Investment Trust

(a)    Subject to the provisions of subsection (b) of this section, a shareholder or trustee of a real estate investment, defined under Title 8, Subtitle 1 of the Corporations and Associations Article, is not personally liable for the obligations of the real estate investment trust.
(b)    If a trustee otherwise would be liable, the provisions of subsection (a) of this section do not relieve the trustee from any liability to the trust or its security holders for any act that constitutes:
(1)    Bad faith;
(2)    Willful misfeasance;
(3)    Gross negligence; or
(4)    Reckless disregard of the trustee’s duties.
(c)    (1)    Except as provided in paragraph (2) of this subsection, the declaration of trust of a real estate investment trust may include any provision expanding or limiting the liability of its trustees and officers to the trust or its shareholders for money damages.
(2)    The declaration of trust of a real estate investment trust may not include any provision that restricts or limits the liability of its trustees or officers to the trust or its shareholders:
(i)    To the extent that it is proved that the person actually received an improper benefit or profit in money, property, or services, for the amount of the benefit or profit in money, property, or services actually received; or
(ii)    To the extent that a judgment or other final adjudication adverse to the person is entered in a proceeding based on a finding in the proceeding that the person’s action or failure to act was the result of active and deliberate dishonesty and was material to the cause of action adjudicated in the proceeding.
(3)    This subsection may not be construed to affect the liability of a person in any capacity other than the person’s capacity as a trustee or officer of a real estate investment trust.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Courts and Judicial Proceedings › Title 5 - Limitations, Prohibited Actions, and Immunities › Subtitle 4 - Immunities and Prohibited Actions -- Businesses, Associations, and Charities › Section 5-420 - Immunity -- New Partner in Existing Partnership

(a)    In this section, “partnership” has the meaning stated in § 9A-101 of the Corporations and Associations Article.
(b)    A person who is admitted as a partner into an existing partnership is liable for all the obligations of the partnership arising before the person’s admission as though the person had been a partner when the obligations were incurred, except that this liability shall be satisfied only out of the property of the partnership.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Courts and Judicial Proceedings › Title 5 - Limitations, Prohibited Actions, and Immunities › Subtitle 4 - Immunities and Prohibited Actions -- Businesses, Associations, and Charities › Section 5-421 - Immunity -- Fiduciary Security Transfers

(a)    (1)    In this section the following words have the meanings indicated.
(2)    “Assignment” has the meaning stated in Title 15, Subtitle 3 of the Estates and Trusts Article.
(3)    “Corporation” has the meaning stated in Title 15, Subtitle 3 of the Estates and Trusts Article.
(4)    “Fiduciary” has the meaning stated in Title 15, Subtitle 3 of the Estates and Trusts Article.
(5)    “Person” has the meaning stated in Title 15, Subtitle 3 of the Estates and Trusts Article.
(6)    “Transfer” has the meaning stated in Title 15, Subtitle 3 of the Estates and Trusts Article.
(7)    “Transfer agent” has the meaning stated in Title 15, Subtitle 3 of the Estates and Trusts Article.
(b)    A person who participates in the acquisition, disposition, assignment, or transfer of a security by or to a fiduciary, including a person who guarantees the signature of the fiduciary, is not liable for participation in any breach of fiduciary duty by reason of failure to inquire whether the transaction involves a breach unless it is shown that the person acted with actual knowledge that the proceeds of the transaction were being or were to be used wrongfully for the individual benefit of the fiduciary or that the transaction was otherwise in breach of duty.
(c)    If a corporation or transfer agent makes a transfer under an assignment by a fiduciary, a person who guaranteed the signature of the fiduciary is not liable on the guarantee to any person to whom the corporation or transfer agent, by reason of this section or Title 15, Subtitle 3 of the Estates and Trusts Article, incurs no liability.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Courts and Judicial Proceedings › Title 5 - Limitations, Prohibited Actions, and Immunities › Subtitle 4 - Immunities and Prohibited Actions -- Businesses, Associations, and Charities › Section 5-422 - Immunity -- Governing Bodies as Defined by 14-118 of the Real Property Article

(a)    In this section, “governing body” has the meaning stated in § 14-118 of the Real Property Article.
(b)    Subject to the provisions of subsection (c) of this section, a person sustaining an injury as a result of the tortious act of an officer or director of a governing body while the officer or director is acting within the scope of the officer’s or director’s duties may recover only in an action brought against the governing body for the actual damages sustained.
(c)    In a proceeding against a governing body, a director or officer of a governing body may not be held personally liable for injuries sustained by a party if the director or officer:
(1)    Acted within the scope of the director’s or officer’s duties;
(2)    Acted in good faith; and
(3)    Did not act in a reckless, wanton, or grossly negligent manner.
(d)    (1)    Except as provided in paragraph (2) of this subsection, a claimant shall name only the governing body as a party defendant.
(2)    An officer or director of a governing body may be named individually only when the governing body for which the officer or director was acting cannot be determined at the time an action is instituted under this section.
(3)    If an officer or director is named as an individual defendant under this section, the governing body for which the officer or director was acting shall be substituted as the party defendant when its identity reasonably can be determined.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Courts and Judicial Proceedings › Title 5 - Limitations, Prohibited Actions, and Immunities › Subtitle 4 - Immunities and Prohibited Actions -- Businesses, Associations, and Charities › Section 5-423 - Immunity -- Disclosure of Information Regarding Employee or Former Employee

(a)    An employer acting in good faith may not be held liable for disclosing any information about the job performance or the reason for termination of employment of an employee or former employee of the employer:
(1)    To a prospective employer of the employee or former employee at the request of the prospective employer, the employee, or former employee; or
(2)    If requested or required by a federal, State, or industry regulatory authority or if the information is disclosed in a report, filing, or other document required by law, rule, order, or regulation of the regulatory authority.
(b)    An employer who discloses information under subsection (a) of this section shall be presumed to be acting in good faith unless it is shown by clear and convincing evidence that the employer:
(1)    Acted with actual malice toward the employee or former employee; or
(2)    Intentionally or recklessly disclosed false information about the employee or former employee.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Courts and Judicial Proceedings › Title 5 - Limitations, Prohibited Actions, and Immunities › Subtitle 4 - Immunities and Prohibited Actions -- Businesses, Associations, and Charities › Section 5-424 - Immunity -- Veterinary Practitioner

A licensed veterinary practitioner is immune from any civil liability that results from:
(1)    The actions of a licensed acupuncturist that practices in accordance with § 2–301(g)(11) of the Agriculture Article;
(2)    The actions of a person that:
(i)    Is licensed, certified, or otherwise authorized to practice a health occupation under the Health Occupations Article; and
(ii)    Is authorized to practice the health occupation on an animal in accordance with § 2–304 of the Agriculture Article;
(3)    A report in good faith of suspected animal cruelty or animal fighting to a local law enforcement or county animal control agency under § 2–313.1 of the Agriculture Article; or
(4)    The licensed veterinary practitioner’s participation in an investigation of suspected animal cruelty or animal fighting as provided in § 2–313.1(c) of the Agriculture Article.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Courts and Judicial Proceedings › Title 5 - Limitations, Prohibited Actions, and Immunities › Subtitle 4 - Immunities and Prohibited Actions -- Businesses, Associations, and Charities › Section 5-425 - Immunity -- Practice of Engineering

(a)    (1)    In this section the following words have the meanings indicated.
(2)    “Building inspection official” means any appointed or elected federal, State, or local official with overall executive responsibility to coordinate building inspection in the jurisdiction in which an emergency, disaster, or catastrophic event has occurred.
(3)    “Fire official” means any appointed or elected local official with overall executive responsibility to coordinate fire, rescue, or emergency medical services in the jurisdiction in which a fire, emergency, disaster, or catastrophic event has occurred.
(4)    “Law enforcement official” means any appointed or elected federal, State, or local official with overall executive responsibility to coordinate law enforcement in the jurisdiction in which an emergency, disaster, or catastrophic event has occurred.
(5)    “Public official” means any federal, State, or locally elected official with overall executive responsibility in the jurisdiction in which an emergency, disaster, or catastrophic event has occurred.
(6)    “Public safety official” means any appointed or elected federal, State, or local official with overall executive responsibility to coordinate public safety in the jurisdiction in which an emergency, disaster, or catastrophic event has occurred.
(b)    A professional engineer is not personally liable in damages beyond the limits of any applicable insurance or self-insurance for any personal injury, wrongful death, property damage, or other loss caused by an act, error, or omission of the professional engineer while practicing engineering with regard to any structure, building, piping, or other engineered system, either publicly or privately owned, if:
(1)    The act, error, or omission was not wanton, willful, intentionally tortious, or grossly negligent; and
(2)    The practice of engineering was performed:
(i)    Voluntarily and without compensation;
(ii)    At the scene of a declared national, State, or local emergency caused by a major earthquake, hurricane, tornado, fire, explosion, collapse, or similar disaster or catastrophic event; and
(iii)    At the request of a public official, law enforcement official, public safety official, fire official, or building inspection official, acting in an official capacity.
(c)    The immunity provided by this section applies only to the voluntary practice of engineering performed while a declared state of emergency is in effect.
(d)    (1)    This section does not create, and may not be construed as creating, a new cause of action or substantive legal right against a professional engineer.
(2)    This section does not affect, and may not be construed as affecting, any immunities from civil liability or defenses established by any other provisions of the Code or available at common law, to which a professional engineer may be entitled.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Courts and Judicial Proceedings › Title 5 - Limitations, Prohibited Actions, and Immunities › Subtitle 4 - Immunities and Prohibited Actions -- Businesses, Associations, and Charities › Section 5-426 - Immunity for Voluntary Practice of Architecture at Scene of Emergency

(a)    (1)    In this section the following words have the meanings indicated.
(2)    “Building inspection official” means any appointed or elected federal, State, or local official with overall executive responsibility to coordinate building inspection in the jurisdiction in which an emergency, disaster, or catastrophic event has occurred.
(3)    “Fire official” means any appointed or elected local official with overall executive responsibility to coordinate fire, rescue, or emergency medical services in the jurisdiction in which a fire, emergency, disaster, or catastrophic event has occurred.
(4)    “Law enforcement official” means any appointed or elected federal, State, or local official with overall executive responsibility to coordinate law enforcement in the jurisdiction in which an emergency, disaster, or catastrophic event has occurred.
(5)    “Public official” means any federal, State, or locally elected official with overall executive responsibility in the jurisdiction in which an emergency, disaster, or catastrophic event has occurred.
(6)    “Public safety official” means any appointed or elected federal, State, or local official with overall executive responsibility to coordinate public safety in the jurisdiction in which an emergency, disaster, or catastrophic event has occurred.
(b)    A licensed architect is not personally liable in damages beyond the limits of any applicable insurance or self-insurance for any personal injury, wrongful death, property damage, or other loss caused by an act, error, or omission of the licensed architect while practicing architecture with regard to any structure or other architectural design, either publicly or privately owned, if:
(1)    The act, error, or omission was not wanton, willful, intentionally tortious, or grossly negligent; and
(2)    The practice of architecture was performed:
(i)    Voluntarily and without compensation;
(ii)    At the scene of a declared national, State, or local emergency caused by a major earthquake, hurricane, tornado, fire, explosion, collapse, or similar disaster or catastrophic event; and
(iii)    At the request of a public official, law enforcement official, public safety official, fire official, or building inspection official, acting in an official capacity.
(c)    The immunity provided by this section applies only to the voluntary practice of architecture performed while a declared state of emergency is in effect.
(d)    (1)    This section does not create, and may not be construed as creating, a new cause of action or substantive legal right against a licensed architect.
(2)    This section does not affect, and may not be construed as affecting, any immunities from civil liability or defenses established by any other provisions of the Code or available at common law, to which a licensed architect may be entitled.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Courts and Judicial Proceedings › Title 5 - Limitations, Prohibited Actions, and Immunities › Subtitle 5 - Immunities and Prohibited Actions -- Governmental › Section 5-501 - Action for Defamation Against Local Government Official

A civil or criminal action may not be brought against a city or town councilman, county commissioner, county councilman, or similar official by whatever name known, for words spoken at a meeting of the council or board of commissioners or at a meeting of a committee or subcommittee thereof.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Courts and Judicial Proceedings › Title 5 - Limitations, Prohibited Actions, and Immunities › Subtitle 5 - Immunities and Prohibited Actions -- Governmental › Section 5-502 - Additional Provisions Governing Immunity

In addition to the provisions contained in this subtitle, provisions governing the immunity of the State, of its units, and of State personnel are found in Title 12 of the State Government Article.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Courts and Judicial Proceedings › Title 5 - Limitations, Prohibited Actions, and Immunities › Subtitle 5 - Immunities and Prohibited Actions -- Governmental › Section 5-503 - Preparation of Complaints in Montgomery County

In Montgomery County, the following individuals are not liable to any person for advice or help given in the course of employment in connection with the preparation of a complaint:
(1)    A clerk of any court or an employee of a clerk;
(2)    The Sheriff or a deputy sheriff; or
(3)    An employee of the register of wills.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Courts and Judicial Proceedings › Title 5 - Limitations, Prohibited Actions, and Immunities › Subtitle 5 - Immunities and Prohibited Actions -- Governmental › Section 5-504 - Immunity -- Montgomery County Alcohol Beverage Services

The Alcohol Beverage Services for Montgomery County shall be:
(1)    Immune from all suits for damages; and
(2)    Subject to suit only for the enforcement of contracts made by the Alcohol Beverage Services for Montgomery County.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Courts and Judicial Proceedings › Title 5 - Limitations, Prohibited Actions, and Immunities › Subtitle 5 - Immunities and Prohibited Actions -- Governmental › Section 5-507 - Immunity -- Municipal Corporations and Officers

(a)    (1)    An official of a municipal corporation, while acting in a discretionary capacity, without malice, and within the scope of the official’s employment or authority shall be immune as an official or individual from any civil liability for the performance of the action.
(2)    An official of a municipal corporation is not immune from liability for negligence or any other tort arising from the operation of a motor vehicle except as to any claim for damages in excess of the limits of any applicable policy of motor vehicle liability insurance.
(b)    (1)    Subject to paragraph (2) of this subsection, a municipal corporation shall provide a defense for an official of the municipal corporation for any act arising within the scope of the official’s employment or authority.
(2)    A municipal corporation shall only provide a defense for an official of the municipal corporation for negligence or any other tort arising from the operation of a motor vehicle as to any claim for damages in excess of the limits of any applicable policy of motor vehicle liability insurance.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Courts and Judicial Proceedings › Title 5 - Limitations, Prohibited Actions, and Immunities › Subtitle 5 - Immunities and Prohibited Actions -- Governmental › Section 5-508 - Immunity -- Officers or Directors of Public Drainage or Watershed Associations

An officer or director of a public drainage association or public watershed association, while acting in a discretionary capacity, without malice, and within the scope of the officer’s or director’s employment or authority is immune as an official or individual from civil liability for any act or omission.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Courts and Judicial Proceedings › Title 5 - Limitations, Prohibited Actions, and Immunities › Subtitle 5 - Immunities and Prohibited Actions -- Governmental › Section 5-509 - Immunity -- Official of Governmental Entity

(a)    In this section, “official” includes a member of the governing body of a special taxing district.
(b)    This section applies to a special taxing district that:
(1)    Is a unit of government responsible for an area situated solely within a single county;
(2)    Has a governing body elected independently of the county government;
(3)    Is financed with revenues secured wholly or partly from special taxes or assessments imposed on real property situated in the district;
(4)    Performs municipal services for the residents of the district; and
(5)    Was not created for a limited or special purpose.
(c)    (1)    Subject to paragraph (2) of this subsection, an official of a special taxing district, while acting in a discretionary capacity, without malice, and within the scope of the official’s authority, is immune in an official or individual capacity from civil liability for any act or omission.
(2)    An official of a special taxing district is not immune from liability for negligence or any other tort that arises from the operation of a motor vehicle except as to any claim for damages in excess of the limits of any applicable policy of motor vehicle liability insurance.
(d)    (1)    Subject to paragraph (2) of this subsection, a special taxing district shall provide a defense for an official of the special taxing district for any act or omission that is without malice and that arises within the scope of the official’s authority.
(2)    A special taxing district shall provide only a defense for an official of the special taxing district for negligence or any other tort that arises from the operation of a motor vehicle as to any claim for damages in excess of the limits of any applicable policy of motor vehicle liability insurance.
(e)    A special taxing district may spend revenues for the purposes specified in this section.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Courts and Judicial Proceedings › Title 5 - Limitations, Prohibited Actions, and Immunities › Subtitle 5 - Immunities and Prohibited Actions -- Governmental › Section 5-512 - Immunity -- Maryland-National Capital Park and Planning Commission

(a)    The Maryland-National Capital Park and Planning Commission may raise the defense of partial governmental immunity for any liability exposure:
(1)    In excess of insurance limits;
(2)    If punitive damages are sought; or
(3)    For any other liability exposure not covered by insurance.
(b)    Nothing in this section may be construed to be a waiver of the Maryland-National Capital Park and Planning Commission’s total governmental immunity.
(c)    This section is intended to include all claims pending on June 1, 1978, provided that an insurance policy to cover such liability was in effect at the time the claim accrued.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Courts and Judicial Proceedings › Title 5 - Limitations, Prohibited Actions, and Immunities › Subtitle 5 - Immunities and Prohibited Actions -- Governmental › Section 5-513 - Immunity -- Member of Military Court

An action or proceeding may not be prosecuted or maintained against a member of a military court described under Title 13, Subtitle 8 of the Public Safety Article, or an officer or person acting under its authority, or reviewing its proceedings on account of the approval or imposition or execution of any sentence, or the imposition or collection of a fine or penalty, or the execution of any warrant, writ, execution, process, or mandate of a military court.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Courts and Judicial Proceedings › Title 5 - Limitations, Prohibited Actions, and Immunities › Subtitle 5 - Immunities and Prohibited Actions -- Governmental › Section 5-514 - Immunity -- Financial Review Committee in Department of Aging

Any member of the Financial Review Committee in the Department of Aging acting in good faith and within the scope of the member’s duties is immune from civil liability as a result of those acts.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Courts and Judicial Proceedings › Title 5 - Limitations, Prohibited Actions, and Immunities › Subtitle 5 - Immunities and Prohibited Actions -- Governmental › Section 5-515 - Immunity -- Guardianship Advisory Board in Department of Aging

Any member of the Guardianship Advisory Board in the Department of Aging acting in good faith and within the scope of the member’s duties is immune from civil liability as a result of those acts.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Courts and Judicial Proceedings › Title 5 - Limitations, Prohibited Actions, and Immunities › Subtitle 5 - Immunities and Prohibited Actions -- Governmental › Section 5-516 - Immunity -- County Insuring Amusement Rides

A county that merely purchases insurance for a lessee or owner of an amusement ride or amusement attraction, under Title 3 of the Business Regulation Article, is immune from liability for personal injury to individuals arising out of the use of the amusement ride or attraction.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Courts and Judicial Proceedings › Title 5 - Limitations, Prohibited Actions, and Immunities › Subtitle 5 - Immunities and Prohibited Actions -- Governmental › Section 5-517 - Immunity -- Board of Supervisors for Soil Conservation District

(a)    A member or employee of a board of supervisors for a soil conservation district is immune from suit in courts of the State and from liability in tort for a tortious act or omission:
(1)    That is within the scope of the public duties of the member or employee;
(2)    That is made without malice or gross negligence; and
(3)    For which the soil conservation district has consented to suit under subsection (b) of this section, even if damages exceed the limits of that consent.
(b)    (1)    The exclusive remedy for a tortious act or omission, for which a member or employee of a board of supervisors for a soil conservation district is immune from suit or liability under subsection (a) of this section, is a suit brought against the appropriate soil conservation district.
(2)    The soil conservation district may not assert the defense of governmental immunity in any suit brought under this section.
(c)    The State Insurance Program administered under Title 12 of the State Government Article for purposes of providing coverage under the Maryland Tort Claims Act shall:
(1)    Govern the limits of liability in any suit brought under this section; and
(2)    Provide funds for the payment of any settlement or judgment entered against the soil conservation district in a suit brought under this section.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Courts and Judicial Proceedings › Title 5 - Limitations, Prohibited Actions, and Immunities › Subtitle 5 - Immunities and Prohibited Actions -- Governmental › Section 5-519 - Immunity -- Community Colleges

Section 16-107 of the Education Article does not prevent a board of community colleges trustees, described under Title 16, Subtitle 1 of the Education Article, on its own behalf, from raising the defense of sovereign immunity to any amount of a claim in excess of the limit of an insurance policy or in excess of $100,000 in the case of self-insurance.