reglab/statecodes huggingface dataset:
2023 Louisiana Laws › Code of Criminal Procedure › Art. 997. Certification of human trafficking victim status

Art. 997. Certification of human trafficking victim status
STATE OF LOUISIANA
__________ JUDICIAL DISTRICT FOR THE PARISH OF ____________________
NO.:_________________________ DIVISION: _______________
STATE OF LOUISIANA
vs.
________________________________
CERTIFICATION OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING VICTIM STATUS
In accordance with the provisions of Louisiana Code of Criminal Procedure Article 983, the Office of the District Attorney has reviewed and determined that one,
________________________________________________________________________, RACE/ GENDER: _______________________DOB: ___________________________, SSN:_________________________________, has established by a preponderance of the evidence proof of status as a victim of human trafficking in accordance with the provisions of R.S. 14:46.2, for the following offense(s), detailed specifically as follows:
(If more than one offense, each relevant offense must be specifically listed in the following format)
OFFENSE:________________________
DOCKET NO:_____________________
CHARGE:________________________
DATE OF ARREST:________________
ARRESTING AGENCY:____________
CITY/PARISH OF ARREST:___________________
FURTHER, that the above offense(s) for which this Certification issued was committed, in substantial part, as a result of the above-named being a victim of human trafficking, in accordance with R.S. 14:46.2.
FURTHER, this Certification shall be considered as prima facie evidence of the victim's status in similar eligible crimes committed within other Louisiana jurisdictions during the time period in which the above-named was a victim of human trafficking.
FURTHER, all applicable time delays pertaining to expungement contained in Louisiana Code of Criminal Procedure Articles 977 and 978 shall be waived when presented to the clerk of court with an application for expungement of the above-specified offense(s).
FURTHER, any application for expungement of the above-specified offense(s) shall be at no cost to the above-named victim.
_______________________ __________________________________
DATE DISTRICT ATTORNEY
PARISH OF
_____________ JUDICIAL DISTRICT
STATE OF LOUISIANA
Acts 2022, No. 130, §1, eff. May 26, 2022.
2023 Louisiana Laws › Code of Criminal Procedure › Art. 1001. Definitions

TITLE XXXV. DOMESTIC VIOLENCE PREVENTION FIREARM
TRANSFER
Art. 1001. Definitions
As used in this Title:
(1) "Dating partner" shall have the same meaning as provided in R.S. 46:2151 or R.S. 14:34.9.
(2) "Family member" shall have the same meaning as provided in R.S. 46:2132 or R.S. 14:35.3.
(3) "Firearm" means any pistol, revolver, rifle, shotgun, machine gun, submachine gun, black powder weapon, or assault rifle which is designed to fire or is capable of firing fixed cartridge ammunition or from which a shot or projectile is discharged by an explosive.
(4) "Household member" shall have the same meaning as provided in R.S. 46:2132 or R.S. 14:35.3.
(5) "Other law enforcement agency" shall include any local or municipal police force, the constable, and state police.
(6) "Sheriff" means the sheriff of the jurisdiction in which the order was issued, unless the person resides outside of the jurisdiction in which the order is issued. If the person resides outside of the jurisdiction in which the order is issued, "sheriff" means the sheriff of the parish in which the person resides.
Acts 2018, No. 367, §3, eff. Oct. 1, 2018; Acts 2019, No. 427, §3.
2023 Louisiana Laws › Code of Criminal Procedure › Art. 1001.1. Duties of the sheriff; other law enforcement agencies

Art. 1001.1. Duties of the sheriff; other law enforcement agencies
Notwithstanding any provision of law to the contrary, the sheriff may enter into an agreement with any other law enforcement agency to have that law enforcement agency assume the duties of the sheriff under this Title.
Acts 2019, No. 427, §3.
2023 Louisiana Laws › Code of Criminal Procedure › Art. 1002.1. Designation of crime of violence against family member, household member, or dating partner

Art. 1002.1. Designation of crime of violence against family member, household member, or dating partner
Notwithstanding the provisions of Articles 814 and 817 and any other provision of law to the contrary, when a person is charged with any felony crime of violence enumerated or defined in R.S. 14:2(B), for which the person would be prohibited from possessing a firearm pursuant to R.S. 14:95.1 if convicted, the district attorney may allege in the indictment or bill of information that the victim of the crime was a family member, household member, or dating partner for the purpose of invoking the provisions of this Title, including Article 1002(A)(1)(i). If the person pleads guilty to the indictment or bill of information, the fact that the victim was a family member, household member, or dating partner shall be deemed admitted. If the matter proceeds to trial, the issue of whether the victim was a family member, household member, or dating partner shall be submitted to the jury and the verdict shall include a specific finding of fact as to that issue in addition to a specification of the offense as to which the verdict is found.
Acts 2019, No. 427, §3.
2023 Louisiana Laws › Code of Criminal Procedure › Art. 1004. Implementation

Art. 1004. Implementation
The sheriff, clerk of court, and district attorney of each parish shall develop forms, policies, and procedures no later than January 1, 2019, regarding the communication of convictions and orders issued between agencies, procedures for the acceptance of transferred firearms, procedures for the storage of transferred firearms, return of transferred firearms, the proof of transfer form, the declaration of nonpossession form, and any other form, policy, or procedure necessary to effectuate the provisions of this Title.
Acts 2018, No. 367, §3, eff. Oct. 1, 2018.
2023 Louisiana Laws › Code of Evidence › Art. 103. Rulings on evidence

Art. 103. Rulings on evidence
A. Effect of erroneous ruling. Error may not be predicated upon a ruling which admits or excludes evidence unless a substantial right of the party is affected, and
(1) Ruling admitting evidence. When the ruling is one admitting evidence, a timely objection or motion to admonish the jury to limit or disregard appears of record, stating the specific ground of objection; or
(2) Ruling excluding evidence. When the ruling is one excluding evidence, the substance of the evidence was made known to the court by counsel.
B. Record of ruling. The court may add any other or further statement which shows the character of the evidence, the form in which it was offered, the objection made, and the ruling thereon.
C. Hearing of jury. In jury cases, proceedings shall be conducted, to the extent practicable, so as to prevent inadmissible evidence from being suggested to the jury by any means, such as making statements or asking questions in the hearing of the jury.
Acts 1988, No. 515, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1989.
2023 Louisiana Laws › Code of Evidence › Art. 104. Preliminary questions

Art. 104. Preliminary questions
NOTE: SEE C.E. ART. 1103.
A. Questions of admissibility generally. Preliminary questions concerning the competency or qualification of a person to be a witness, the existence of a privilege, or the admissibility of evidence shall be determined by the court, subject to the provisions of Paragraph B. In making its determination it is not bound by the rules of evidence except those with respect to privileges.
B. Relevancy conditioned on fact. Subject to other provisions of this Code, when the relevancy of evidence depends upon the fulfillment of a condition of fact, the court shall admit it upon, or subject to, the introduction of evidence sufficient to support a finding of the fulfillment of the condition.
C. Hearing of jury. Hearings on matters to be decided by the judge alone shall be conducted out of the hearing of the jury when the interests of justice require. Hearings on the admissibility of confessions or admissions by the accused or evidence allegedly unlawfully obtained shall in all cases be conducted out of the hearing of the jury, but when there has been a ruling prior to trial, it shall not be necessary to conduct another hearing as to admissibility before presentation of the evidence to a jury.
D. Weight and credibility. The preliminary determination by the court that evidence is admissible does not limit the right of a party to introduce evidence relevant to weight or credibility at the trial.
Acts 1988, No. 515, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1989.
2023 Louisiana Laws › Code of Evidence › Art. 105. Limited admissibility

Art. 105. Limited admissibility
When evidence which is admissible as to one party or for one purpose but not admissible as to another party or for another purpose is admitted, the court, upon request, shall restrict the evidence to its proper scope and instruct the jury accordingly. Failure to restrict the evidence and instruct the jury shall not constitute error absent a request to do so.
Acts 1988, No. 515, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1989.
2023 Louisiana Laws › Code of Evidence › Art. 201. Judicial notice of adjudicative facts generally

CHAPTER 2
JUDICIAL NOTICE
Art. 201. Judicial notice of adjudicative facts generally
A. Scope of Article. This Article governs only judicial notice of adjudicative facts. An "adjudicative fact" is a fact normally determined by the trier of fact.
B. Kinds of facts. A judicially noticed fact must be one not subject to reasonable dispute in that it is either:
(1) Generally known within the territorial jurisdiction of the trial court; or
(2) Capable of accurate and ready determination by resort to sources whose accuracy cannot reasonably be questioned.
C. When discretionary. A court may take judicial notice, whether requested or not.
D. When mandatory. A court shall take judicial notice upon request if supplied with the information necessary for the court to determine that there is no reasonable dispute as to the fact.
E. Opportunity to be heard. A party is entitled upon timely request to an opportunity to be heard as to the propriety of taking judicial notice and the tenor of the matter noticed. In the absence of prior opportunity to be heard, the request may be made after judicial notice has been taken.
F. Time of taking notice. A party may request judicial notice at any stage of the proceeding but shall not do so in the hearing of a jury. Before taking judicial notice of a matter in its instructions to the jury, the court shall inform the parties before closing arguments begin.
G. Instructing jury. In a civil case, the court shall instruct the jury to accept as conclusive any fact judicially noticed. In a criminal case, the court shall instruct the jury that it may, but is not required to, accept as conclusive any fact judicially noticed.
Acts 1988, No. 515, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1989.
2023 Louisiana Laws › Code of Evidence › Art. 202. Judicial notice of legal matters

Art. 202. Judicial notice of legal matters
A. Mandatory. A court, whether requested to do so or not, shall take judicial notice of the laws of the United States, of every state, territory, and other jurisdiction of the United States, and of the ordinances enacted by any political subdivision within the court's territorial jurisdiction whenever certified copies of the ordinances have been filed with the clerk of that court.
B. Other legal matters. (1) A court shall take judicial notice of the following if a party requests it and provides the court with the information needed by it to comply with the request, and may take judicial notice without request of a party of:
(a) Proclamations of the President of the United States and the governor of this state.
(b) Rules of boards, commissions, and agencies of this state that have been duly published and promulgated in the Louisiana Register.
(c) Ordinances enacted by any political subdivision of the State of Louisiana.
(d) Rules which govern the practice and procedure in a court of the United States or of any state, territory, or other jurisdiction of the United States, and which have been published in a form which makes them readily accessible.
(e) Rules and decisions of boards, commissions, and agencies of the United States or of any state, territory, or other jurisdiction of the United States which have been duly published and promulgated and which have the effect of law within their respective jurisdictions.
(f) Law of foreign countries, international law, and maritime law.
(2) A party who requests that judicial notice be taken and the court, if notice is taken without request shall give reasonable notice during trial to all other parties.
C. Information by court. The court may inform itself of any of the foregoing legal matters in such manner as it may deem proper, and the court may call upon counsel to aid it in obtaining such information.
D. Time of taking notice. Judicial notice of the foregoing legal matters may be taken at any stage of the proceeding, provided that before taking judicial notice of a matter in its instructions to the jury, the court shall inform the parties before closing arguments begin.
E. Question for court. The determination of the foregoing legal matters shall be made by the court.
Acts 1988, No. 515, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1989.
2023 Louisiana Laws › Code of Evidence › Art. 301. Scope of Chapter

CHAPTER 3. EFFECT IN CIVIL CASES OF
PRESUMPTIONS AND PRIMA FACIE EVIDENCE
Art. 301. Scope of Chapter
This Chapter applies only to civil cases. It defines and clarifies the foundation, weight, and other effects of presumptions and prima facie evidence or proof as used in legislation but does not apply where more specific legislation provides otherwise. It does not create new presumptions, nor does it apply to or directly affect mixed questions of law and fact, such as the inference of negligence arising from the doctrine of res ipsa loquitur.
Acts 1997, No. 577, §1.
2023 Louisiana Laws › Code of Evidence › Art. 302. Definitions

Art. 302. Definitions
The following definitions apply under this Chapter:
(1) The "burden of persuasion" is the burden of a party to establish a requisite degree of belief in the mind of the trier of fact as to the existence or nonexistence of a fact. Depending on the circumstances, the degree of belief may be by a preponderance of the evidence, by clear and convincing evidence, or as otherwise required by law.
(2) A "predicate fact" is a fact or group of facts which must be established for a party to be entitled to the benefits of a presumption.
(3) A "presumption" is an inference created by legislation that the trier of fact must draw if it finds the existence of the predicate fact unless the trier of fact is persuaded by evidence of the nonexistence of the fact to be inferred. As used herein, it does not include a particular usage of the term "presumption" where the content, context, or history of the statute indicates an intention merely to authorize but not to require the trier of fact to draw an inference.
(4) An "inference" is a conclusion that an evidentiary fact exists based on the establishment of a predicate fact.
Acts 1997, No. 577, §1.
2023 Louisiana Laws › Code of Evidence › Art. 305. Effect of presumptions if there is no controverting evidence

Art. 305. Effect of presumptions if there is no controverting evidence
If the trier of fact finds the existence of the predicate fact, and there is no evidence controverting the fact to be inferred, the trier of fact is required to find the existence of the fact to be inferred.
Acts 1997, No. 577, §1.
2023 Louisiana Laws › Code of Evidence › Art. 306. Effect of presumptions if there is controverting evidence

Art. 306. Effect of presumptions if there is controverting evidence
If the trier of fact finds the existence of the predicate fact, and if there is evidence controverting the fact to be inferred, it shall find the existence of the inferred fact unless it is persuaded by the controverting evidence of the nonexistence of the inferred fact.
Acts 1997, No. 577, §1.
2023 Louisiana Laws › Code of Evidence › Art. 308. Effect of the term "prima facie" in legislation

Art. 308. Effect of the term "prima facie" in legislation
A. Legislation providing that a document or other evidence is prima facie evidence or proof of all or part of its contents or of another fact establishes a presumption under this Chapter. When, however, the content, context, or history of the legislation indicates an intention not to shift the burden of persuasion, such legislation establishes only an inference and in a jury case, the court on request shall instruct the jury that if it finds the existence of the predicate fact it may but need not find the inferred fact.
B. Other uses of the term "prima facie", such as those that merely provide for the admissibility of specified evidence, do not create presumptions or inferences and are not regulated by this Chapter.
Acts 1997, No. 577, §1.
2023 Louisiana Laws › Code of Evidence › Art. 401. Definition of "relevant evidence"

CHAPTER 4
RELEVANCY AND ITS LIMITS
Art. 401. Definition of "relevant evidence"
"Relevant evidence" means evidence having any tendency to make the existence of any fact that is of consequence to the determination of the action more probable or less probable than it would be without the evidence.
Acts 1988, No. 515, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1989.
2023 Louisiana Laws › Code of Evidence › Art. 402. Relevant evidence generally admissible; irrelevant evidence inadmissible

Art. 402. Relevant evidence generally admissible; irrelevant evidence inadmissible
All relevant evidence is admissible, except as otherwise provided by the Constitution of the United States, the Constitution of Louisiana, this Code of Evidence, or other legislation. Evidence which is not relevant is not admissible.
Acts 1988, No. 515, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1989.
2023 Louisiana Laws › Code of Evidence › Art. 403. Exclusion of relevant evidence on grounds of prejudice, confusion, or waste of time

Art. 403. Exclusion of relevant evidence on grounds of prejudice, confusion, or waste of time
Although relevant, evidence may be excluded if its probative value is substantially outweighed by the danger of unfair prejudice, confusion of the issues, or misleading the jury, or by considerations of undue delay, or waste of time.
Acts 1988, No. 515, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1989.
2023 Louisiana Laws › Code of Evidence › Art. 405. Methods of proving character

Art. 405. Methods of proving character
A. Reputation. Except as provided in Article 412, in all cases in which evidence of character or a trait of character of a person is admissible, proof may be made by testimony as to general reputation only. On cross-examination of the character witness, inquiry is allowable into relevant specific instances of conduct.
B. Specific instances of conduct. In cases in which character or a trait of character of a person is an essential element of a charge, claim, or defense, such as in a prosecution for defamation or when there is a defense of entrapment, proof may also be made of specific instances of his conduct.
C. Foundation. Before a person may be permitted to testify to the reputation of another person, a foundation must be established that the witness is familiar with that reputation.
Acts 1988, No. 515, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1989.
2023 Louisiana Laws › Code of Evidence › Art. 406. Habit; routine practice; methods of proof

Art. 406. Habit; routine practice; methods of proof
Evidence of the habit of a person or of the routine practice of an organization, whether corroborated or not and regardless of the presence of eyewitnesses, is relevant to prove that the conduct of the person or organization on a particular occasion was in conformity with the habit or routine practice. The evidence may consist of testimony in the form of an opinion or evidence of specific instances of conduct sufficient in number to warrant a finding that the habit existed or that the practice was routine.
Acts 1988, No. 515, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1989.
2023 Louisiana Laws › Code of Evidence › Art. 407. Subsequent remedial measures

Art. 407. Subsequent remedial measures
In a civil case, when, after an event, measures are taken which, if taken previously, would have made the event less likely to occur, evidence of the subsequent measures is not admissible to prove negligence or culpable conduct in connection with the event. This Article does not require the exclusion of evidence of subsequent measures when offered for another purpose, such as proving ownership, authority, knowledge, control, or feasibility of precautionary measures, or for attacking credibility.
Acts 1988, No. 515, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1989.
2023 Louisiana Laws › Code of Evidence › Art. 408. Compromise and offers to compromise

Art. 408. Compromise and offers to compromise
A. Civil cases. In a civil case, evidence of (1) furnishing or offering or promising to furnish, or (2) accepting or offering or promising to accept, anything of value in compromising or attempting to compromise a claim which was disputed as to either validity or amount, is not admissible to prove liability for or invalidity of the claim or its amount. Evidence of conduct or statements made in compromise negotiations is likewise not admissible. This Article does not require the exclusion of any evidence otherwise admissible merely because it is presented in the course of compromise negotiations. This Article also does not require exclusion when the evidence is offered for another purpose, such as proving bias or prejudice of a witness, negativing a contention of undue delay, or proving an effort to obstruct a criminal investigation or prosecution.
B. Criminal cases. This Article does not require the exclusion in a criminal case of evidence of the actions or statements described in Paragraph A, above, or of a giving or offer to give anything of value by the accused in direct or indirect restitution to a victim.
Acts 1988, No. 515, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1989.
2023 Louisiana Laws › Code of Evidence › Art. 409. Payment of medical and similar expenses

Art. 409. Payment of medical and similar expenses
In a civil case, evidence of furnishing or offering or promising to pay expenses or losses occasioned by an injury to person or damage to property is not admissible to prove liability for the injury or damage nor is it admissible to mitigate, reduce, or avoid liability therefor. This Article does not require the exclusion of such evidence when it is offered solely for another purpose, such as to enforce a contract for payment.
Acts 1988, No. 515, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1989.
2023 Louisiana Laws › Code of Evidence › Art. 410. Inadmissibility of pleas, plea discussions, and related statements

Art. 410. Inadmissibility of pleas, plea discussions, and related statements
A. General rule. Except as otherwise provided in this Article, evidence of the following is not, in any civil or criminal proceeding, admissible against the party who made the plea or was a participant in the plea discussions:
(1) A plea of guilty or of nolo contendere which was later withdrawn or set aside;
(2) In a civil case, a plea of nolo contendere;
(3) Any statement made in the course of any court proceeding concerning either of the foregoing pleas, or any plea discussions with an attorney for or other representative of the prosecuting authority regarding either of the foregoing pleas; or
(4) Any statement made in the course of plea discussions with an attorney for or other representative of the prosecuting authority which do not result in a plea of guilty or which result in a plea of guilty later withdrawn or set aside.
B. Exceptions. However, such a statement is admissible:
(1) In any proceeding wherein another statement made in the course of the same plea or plea discussions has been introduced and the statement ought in fairness be considered contemporaneously with it; or
(2) In a criminal proceeding for perjury or false statement if the statement was made by the defendant under oath, on the record and in the presence of counsel.
Acts 1988, No. 515, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1989.
2023 Louisiana Laws › Code of Evidence › Art. 411. Liability insurance

Art. 411. Liability insurance
A. Although a policy of insurance may be admissible, the amount of coverage under the policy shall not be communicated to the jury unless the amount of coverage is a disputed issue which the jury will decide.
B. The existence of insurance coverage shall not be communicated to the jury unless any of the following apply:
(1) A factual dispute related to an issue of coverage is an issue which the jury will decide.
(2) The existence of insurance coverage would be admissible to attack the credibility of a witness pursuant to Article 607.
(3) The cause of action is brought against the insurer pursuant to R.S. 22:1973 or against the insurer alone pursuant to R.S. 22:1269(B)(1)(a) through (f).
C. The identity of the insurer shall not be communicated to the jury unless the identity of the insurer would be admissible to attack the credibility of a witness pursuant to Article 607.
D. In all cases brought against an insurer pursuant to R.S. 22:1269 or 1973, at the opening and closing of the trial, the court shall read instructions to the jury that there is insurance coverage for the damages claimed by the plaintiff.
Acts 1988, No. 515, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1989; Acts 2020, 1st Ex. Sess., No. 37, §3, eff. Jan. 1, 2021.
2023 Louisiana Laws › Code of Evidence › Art. 412.1. Victim's attire in sexual assault cases

Art. 412.1. Victim's attire in sexual assault cases
A. When an accused is charged with a crime involving sexually assaultive behavior, or with acts that constitute a sex offense involving a victim who was under the age of seventeen at the time of the offense, the manner and style of the victim's attire shall not be admissible as evidence that the victim encouraged or consented to the offense; however, items of clothing or parts thereof may be introduced in order to establish the presence or absence of the elements of the offense and the proof of its occurrence.
B. The rules of admissibility of evidence provided by this Article shall also apply to civil actions brought by the victim which are alleged to arise from any crime referenced in Paragraph A of this Article committed by the defendant, whether or not convicted of such crimes.
Acts 1992, No. 725, §1; Acts 2004, No. 676, §4; Acts 2015, No. 184, §7; Acts 2016, No. 357, §1; Acts 2022, No. 173, §3.
2023 Louisiana Laws › Code of Evidence › Art. 412.2. Evidence of similar crimes, wrongs, or acts in sex offense cases

Art. 412.2. Evidence of similar crimes, wrongs, or acts in sex offense cases
A. When an accused is charged with a crime involving sexually assaultive behavior, or with acts that constitute a sex offense involving a victim who was under the age of seventeen at the time of the offense, evidence of the accused's commission of another crime, wrong, or act involving sexually assaultive behavior or acts which indicate a lustful disposition toward children may be admissible and may be considered for its bearing on any matter to which it is relevant subject to the balancing test provided in Article 403.
B. In a case in which the state intends to offer evidence under the provisions of this Article, the prosecution shall, upon request of the accused, provide reasonable notice in advance of trial of the nature of any such evidence it intends to introduce at trial for such purposes.
C. This Article shall not be construed to limit the admission or consideration of evidence under any other rule.
Acts 2001, No. 1130, §1; Acts 2004, No. 465, §1.
2023 Louisiana Laws › Code of Evidence › Art. 412.3. Statements made by victims of trafficking during investigations

Art. 412.3. Statements made by victims of trafficking during investigations
If a victim of human trafficking or trafficking of children for sexual purposes is also a defendant in any case arising from unlawful acts committed as part of the same trafficking activity, any inculpatory statement made by the victim as a result of questioning by any person then known by the victim to be a law enforcement officer is inadmissible against the victim, except pursuant to Article 801 of this Code or in any prosecution of the victim for perjury, at a trial of the victim for the unlawful acts committed by the victim as part of the same trafficking activity if all of the following conditions exist:
(1) The victim cooperates with the investigation and prosecution, including the giving of a use-immunity statement as directed by the prosecuting attorney.
(2) The victim testifies truthfully at any hearing or trial related to the trafficking activity, or agrees, either in writing or on the record, to testify truthfully at any hearing or trial related to the trafficking activity in any prosecution of any other person charged with an offense arising from the same trafficking activity, regardless of whether the testimony is unnecessary due to entry of a plea by the other person.
(3) The victim has agreed in writing to receive services or participate in a program that provides services to victims of human trafficking or trafficking of children for sexual purposes, if such services are available.
Acts 2014, No. 564, §5.
2023 Louisiana Laws › Code of Evidence › Art. 412.4. Evidence of similar crimes, wrongs, or acts in domestic abuse cases, cruelty against juveniles cases

Art. 412.4. Evidence of similar crimes, wrongs, or acts in domestic abuse cases and cruelty against juveniles cases
A. When an accused is charged with a crime involving abusive behavior against a family member, household member, or dating partner or with acts which constitute cruelty involving a victim who was under the age of seventeen at the time of the offense, evidence of the accused's commission of another crime, wrong, or act involving assaultive behavior against a family member, household member, or dating partner or acts which constitute cruelty involving a victim who was under the age of seventeen at the time of the offense, may be admissible and may be considered for its bearing on any matter to which it is relevant, subject to the balancing test provided in Article 403.
B. In a case in which the state intends to offer evidence under the provisions of this Article, the prosecution shall, upon request of the accused, provide reasonable notice in advance of trial of the nature of any such evidence it intends to introduce at trial for such purposes.
C. This Article shall not be construed to limit the admissibility or consideration of evidence under any other rule.
D. For purposes of this Article:
(1) "Abusive behavior" means any behavior of the offender involving the use or threatened use of force against the person or property of a family member, household member, or dating partner of the alleged offender.
(2) "Dating partner" means any person who is involved or has been involved in a sexual or intimate relationship with the offender characterized by the expectation of affectionate involvement independent of financial considerations, regardless of whether the person presently lives or formerly lived in the same residence with the offender. "Dating partner" shall not include a casual relationship or ordinary association between persons in a business or social context.
(3) "Family member" means spouses, former spouses, parents and children, stepparents, stepchildren, foster parents, foster children, other ascendants, and other descendants. "Family member" also means the other parent or foster parent of any child or foster child of the offender.
(4) "Household member" means any person presently or formerly living in the same residence with the offender and who is involved or has been involved in a sexual or intimate relationship with the offender, or any child presently or formerly living in the same residence with the offender, or any child of the offender regardless of where the child resides.
Acts 2016, No. 399, §1; Acts 2017, No. 84, §4; Acts 2020, No. 101, §3.
2023 Louisiana Laws › Code of Evidence › Art. 412.5. Evidence of similar crimes, wrongs, or acts in certain civil cases

Art. 412.5. Evidence of similar crimes, wrongs, or acts in certain civil cases
A. In any civil action alleging acts of domestic abuse as defined in R.S. 46:2132, family violence as defined in R.S. 9:362, or sexual abuse as defined in R.S. 9:362, evidence of the defendant's commission of a crime, wrong, or act involving acts of domestic abuse, family violence, or sexual abuse may be admissible and may be considered for its bearing on any matter to which it is relevant subject to the balancing test provided in Article 403.
B. A plaintiff in a tort action intending to offer evidence under the provisions of this Article shall provide reasonable notice in advance of trial of the nature of such evidence.
C. The provisions of this Article shall not be construed to preclude or limit the introduction or consideration of any evidence otherwise authorized under law.
Acts 2018, No. 228, §1, eff. May 15, 2018.
2023 Louisiana Laws › Code of Evidence › Art. 414. Worker's compensation payments

Art. 414. Worker's compensation payments
Evidence of the nature and extent of a worker's compensation claim or of payment of past or future worker's compensation benefits shall not be admissible to a jury, directly or indirectly, in any civil proceeding with respect to a claim for damages relative to the same injury for which the worker's compensation benefits are claimed or paid. Such evidence shall be admissible and presented to the judge only.
Acts 1990, No. 973, §2.
2023 Louisiana Laws › Code of Evidence › Art. 501. Scope of privileges

CHAPTER 5.
TESTIMONIAL PRIVILEGES
Art. 501. Scope of privileges
Privileges as recognized in this Chapter are evidentiary in nature, do not of themselves create causes of action or other substantive rights, and are applicable to proceedings enumerated in Article 1101. Nothing in this Chapter is intended to regulate the content or waiver of constitutional rights, nor inferences to be drawn from their invocation.
Acts 1992, No. 376, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1993.
2023 Louisiana Laws › Code of Evidence › Art. 502. Waiver of privilege

Art. 502. Waiver of privilege
A. Waiver. A person upon whom the law confers a privilege against disclosure waives the privilege if he or his predecessor while holder of the privilege voluntarily discloses or consents to disclosure of any significant part of the privileged matter. This rule does not apply if the disclosure itself is privileged.
B. Disclosure under compulsion or without opportunity to claim. A claim of privilege is not defeated by a disclosure which was compelled or made without opportunity to claim the privilege.
C. Joint holders. Where two or more persons are joint holders of a privilege, a waiver of the right of one joint holder to claim the privilege does not affect the right of another joint holder to claim the privilege.
Acts 1992, No. 376, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1993.
2023 Louisiana Laws › Code of Evidence › Art. 503. Comment on or inference from claim of privilege; instructions; exception

Art. 503. Comment on or inference from claim of privilege; instructions; exception
A. Comment, inference, and instructions.
(1) The claim of privilege, whether in the present proceeding or upon a prior occasion, is not a proper subject of comment by judge or counsel. No inferences may be drawn therefrom.
(2) In jury cases, proceedings shall be conducted, to the extent practicable, so as to facilitate the making of claims of privilege without the knowledge of the jury.
(3) Upon request, any party against whom the jury might draw an adverse inference from a claim of privilege is entitled to an instruction that no inference may be drawn therefrom.
B. Exception in non-criminal proceedings. In non-criminal proceedings, under exceptional circumstances in the interest of justice, if a claim of privilege is sustained counsel may comment thereon, and, upon request, the court shall instruct the trier of fact that it may draw all reasonable inferences therefrom.
Acts 1992, No. 376, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1993.
2023 Louisiana Laws › Code of Evidence › Art. 504. Spousal confidential communications privilege

Art. 504. Spousal confidential communications privilege
A. Definition. A communication is "confidential" if it is made privately and is not intended for further disclosure unless such disclosure is itself privileged.
B. Confidential communications privilege. Each spouse has a privilege during and after the marriage to refuse to disclose, and to prevent the other spouse from disclosing, confidential communications with the other spouse while they were husband and wife.
C. Confidential communications; exceptions. This privilege does not apply:
(1) In a criminal case in which one spouse is charged with a crime against the person or property of the other spouse or of a child of either.
(2) In a civil case brought by or on behalf of one spouse against the other spouse.
(3) In commitment or interdiction proceedings as to either spouse.
(4) When the communication is offered to protect or vindicate the rights of a minor child of either spouse.
(5) In cases otherwise provided by legislation.
Acts 1992, No. 376, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1993.
2023 Louisiana Laws › Code of Evidence › Art. 505. Spousal witness privilege

Art. 505. Spousal witness privilege
In a criminal case or in commitment or interdiction proceedings, a witness spouse has a privilege not to testify against the other spouse. This privilege terminates upon the annulment of the marriage, legal separation, or divorce of the spouses. This privilege does not apply in a criminal case in which one spouse is charged with a crime against the person of the other spouse or a crime against the person of a child including but not limited to the violation of a preliminary or permanent injunction or protective order and violations of R.S. 14:79.
Acts 1992, No. 376, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1993; Acts 2006, No. 191, §1.
2023 Louisiana Laws › Code of Evidence › Art. 507. Subpoena of lawyer or his representative in criminal cases

Art. 507. Subpoena of lawyer or his representative in criminal cases
A. General rule. Neither a subpoena nor a court order shall be issued to a lawyer or his representative to appear or testify in any criminal investigation or proceeding where the purpose of the subpoena or order is to ask the lawyer or his representative to reveal information about a client or former client obtained in the course of representing the client unless the court after a contradictory hearing has determined that the information sought is not protected from disclosure by any applicable privilege or work product rule; and all of the following:
(1) The information sought is essential to the successful completion of an ongoing investigation, prosecution, or defense.
(2) The purpose of seeking the information is not to harass the attorney or his client.
(3) With respect to a subpoena, the subpoena lists the information sought with particularity, is reasonably limited as to subject matter and period of time, and gives timely notice.
(4) There is no practicable alternative means of obtaining the information.
B. Waiver. Failure to object timely to non-compliance with the terms of this Article constitutes a waiver of the procedural protections of this Article, but does not constitute a waiver of any privilege.
C. Binding effect of determination; notice to client. The determination that a lawyer-client privilege is not applicable to the testimony shall not bind the client or former client unless the client or former client was given notice of the time, place, and substance of the hearing and had an opportunity fully to participate in that hearing.
D. Exceptions. This Article shall not apply in habitual offender proceedings when a lawyer is called as a witness for purposes of identification of his client or former client, or in post-conviction proceedings when a lawyer is called as a witness on the issue of ineffective assistance of the lawyer.
E. The procedural provisions and protections afforded by Paragraph A of this Article shall extend to lawyers serving as prosecutors in state, parish, or municipal courts, whether those functions are exercised in the name of the state of Louisiana or any parish or municipality, and whether the lawyer is the attorney general or assistant attorney general, a district attorney or assistant district attorney, or a parish or municipal prosecutor, and shall extend to lawyers employed by either house of the Louisiana Legislature.
Acts 1992, No. 376, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1993; Acts 2007, No. 23, §1.
2023 Louisiana Laws › Code of Evidence › Art. 508. Subpoena of lawyer or his representative in civil cases

Art. 508. Subpoena of lawyer or his representative in civil cases
A. General rule. Neither a subpoena nor a court order shall be issued to a lawyer or his representative to appear or testify in any civil or juvenile proceeding, including pretrial discovery, or in an administrative investigation or hearing, where the purpose of the subpoena or order is to ask the lawyer or his representative to reveal information about a client or former client obtained in the course of representing the client unless, after a contradictory hearing, it has been determined that the information sought is not protected from disclosure by any applicable privilege or work product rule; and all of the following:
(1) The information sought is essential to the successful completion of an ongoing investigation, is essential to the case of the party seeking the information, and is not merely peripheral, cumulative, or speculative.
(2) The purpose of seeking the information is not to harass the attorney or his client.
(3) With respect to a subpoena, the subpoena lists the information sought with particularity, is reasonably limited as to subject matter and period of time, and gives timely notice.
(4) There is no practicable alternative means of obtaining the information.
B. Waiver. Failure to object timely to non-compliance with the terms of this Article constitutes a waiver of the procedural protections of this Article, but does not constitute a waiver of any privilege.
C. Binding effect of determination; notice to client. The determination that a lawyer-client privilege is not applicable to the testimony shall not bind the client or former client unless the client or former client was given notice of the time, place, and substance of the hearing and had an opportunity fully to participate in that hearing.
D. Scope. Nothing in this Article is intended to affect the provisions of Code of Civil Procedure Articles 863 and 1452(B).
E. The procedural provisions and protections afforded by Paragraph A of this Article shall extend to lawyers representing the state or any political subdivision, whether the lawyer is the attorney general or assistant attorney general, a district attorney or assistant district attorney, a parish attorney or assistant parish attorney; or a municipal or city attorney or assistant municipal or assistant city attorney; and shall extend to lawyers employed by either house of the Louisiana Legislature.
Acts 1992, No. 376, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1993; Acts 2007, No. 23, §1.
2023 Louisiana Laws › Code of Evidence › Art. 511. Communications to clergymen

Art. 511. Communications to clergymen
A. Definitions. As used in this Article:
(1) A "clergyman" is a minister, priest, rabbi, Christian Science practitioner, or other similar functionary of a religious organization, or an individual reasonably believed so to be by the person consulting him.
(2) A communication is "confidential" if it is made privately and not intended for further disclosure except to other persons present in furtherance of the purpose of the communication.
B. General rule of privilege. A person has a privilege to refuse to disclose and to prevent another person from disclosing a confidential communication by the person to a clergyman in his professional character as spiritual adviser.
C. Who may claim the privilege. The privilege may be claimed by the person or by his legal representative. The clergyman is presumed to have authority to claim the privilege on behalf of the person or deceased person.
Acts 1992, No. 376, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1993; Acts 2003, No. 1187, §2.
2023 Louisiana Laws › Code of Evidence › Art. 513. Trade secrets

Art. 513. Trade secrets
A person has a privilege, which may be claimed by him or his agent or employee, to refuse to disclose, and to prevent another person from disclosing, a trade secret owned by him, if the allowance of the privilege will not tend to conceal fraud or otherwise work injustice. When disclosure is directed, the judge shall take such protective measure as the interests of the holder of the privilege and of the parties and the furtherance of justice may require.
Acts 1992, No. 376, §1, eff. Jan. 1, 1993.
2023 Louisiana Laws › Code of Evidence › Art. 514. Identity of informer

Art. 514. Identity of informer
A. General rule of privilege. The United States, a state, or subdivision thereof has a privilege to refuse to disclose, and to protect another from required disclosure of, the identity of a person who has furnished information in order to assist in an investigation of a possible violation of a criminal law.
B. Who may claim the privilege. The privilege may be claimed by the prosecuting authority or an appropriate representative of the public entity to which the information was furnished.
C. Inapplicability of privilege. No privilege shall be recognized if:
(1) The informer appears as a witness for the government and testifies with respect to matters previously disclosed in confidence.
(2) The identity of the informer has been disclosed to those who have cause to resent the communication by either the informer or the prosecution, or in a civil case, a person with authority to claim the privilege.
(3) The party seeking to overcome the privilege clearly demonstrates that the interest of the government in preventing disclosure is substantially outweighed by exceptional circumstances such that the informer's testimony is essential to the preparation of the defense or to a fair determination on the issue of guilt or innocence.
(4) In a criminal case, the prosecution objects.
D. Order to disclose identity. If the court orders disclosure of the identity of an informer and the prosecution opposes the disclosure, the court:
(1) In a criminal case, shall enter one of the following orders exclusively:
(a) An order suppressing the evidence concerning which the identity of the informer has been ordered.
(b) An order declaring a mistrial.
(2) In a civil case, may make any order justice requires.
Added by Acts 1995, No. 1040, §1.
2023 Louisiana Laws › Code of Evidence › Art. 516. Subpoena of accountant or his representative in criminal cases

Art. 516. Subpoena of accountant or his representative in criminal cases
A. General rule. Neither a subpoena nor a court order shall be issued to an accountant or his representative to appear or testify in any criminal investigation or proceeding when the purpose of the subpoena or order is to ask the accountant or his representative to reveal information about a client or former client obtained in the course of representing the client unless the party issuing the subpoena executes and attaches to the subpoena an affidavit that:
(1) The information sought is essential to the successful completion of an ongoing investigation, prosecution, or defense.
(2) The purpose of seeking the information is not to harass the accountant or the client.
(3) With respect to a subpoena, the subpoena lists the information sought with particularity, is reasonably limited as to subject matter and period of time, and gives timely notice.
(4) There is no practicable alternative means of obtaining the information.
B. Waiver. Failure to object timely to noncompliance with the terms of this Article constitutes a waiver of the procedural protections of this Article, but does not constitute a waiver of any privilege.
C. Binding effect of determination; notice to client. The determination that an accountant-client privilege is not applicable to the testimony shall not bind the client or former client unless the client or former client was given notice of the subpoena.
D. Exceptions. This Article shall not apply in habitual offender proceedings when an accountant is called as a witness for purposes of identification of his client or former client.
E. Scope. Nothing in this Article is intended to affect the absolute privileges against disclosure contained in R.S. 37:86(B) through (E).
Acts 2001, No. 954, §1.