reglab/statecodes huggingface dataset:
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 15 - Public Officers and Employees › Act 196 of 1973 - Standards of Conduct for Public Officers and Employees (15.341 - 15.348) › Section 15.344 - Board of Ethics; Appointment, Qualifications, and Terms of Members; Vacancies; Ex Officio Members; Quorum; Action by Board; Compensation; Executive Secretary; Clerical or Administrative Assistance.

15.344 Board of ethics; appointment, qualifications, and terms of members; vacancies; ex officio members; quorum; action by board; compensation; executive secretary; clerical or administrative assistance.
Sec. 4.
(1) The board of ethics shall consist of 7 members appointed by the governor, with the advice and consent of the senate, 1 of whom shall be designated as chairman and all of whom shall be residents of the state and not associated with public employment. Not more than 4 members of the board shall be members of the same political party. Initial appointments shall be made for terms commencing 30 days after the effective date of this act. Of those first appointed 2 shall serve for 1 year, 2 shall serve for 2 years, and 3 shall serve for 3 years. For the 1 year, 2 year and 3 year terms, at least 1 member for each such term shall be of the same political party. In the event of a vacancy, the governor shall fill the vacancy for the remainder of the term. Subsequent to the initial appointments, members shall be appointed for terms of 4 years.
(2) The attorney general and the state personnel director shall serve ex officio without the right to vote.
(3) Four members of the board shall constitute a quorum and the affirmative vote of 4 members shall be necessary for any action. Members of the board shall serve without compensation but shall be reimbursed for their actual and necessary expenses incurred in the performance of their duties. With the consent of the civil service commission, the state personnel director shall designate an employee of the department of civil service, acceptable to the board, to act as executive secretary of the board and shall provide clerical or administrative assistance from the department of civil service as the board may, from time to time, request.
History:
1973, Act 196, Imd. Eff. Jan. 8, 1974
Compiler's Notes:
Section 191 of Act 227 of the Public Acts of 1975 repealed MCL 4.401 to 4.410, 168.901 to 168.929, 15.321 to 15.330, 15.301 to 15.310, and 15.341 to 15.348. The Michigan Supreme Court, however, in Advisory Opinion on Constitutionality of 1975 PA 227, 396 Mich. 123, 240 N.W.2d 193 (1976), held Act 227 of the Public Acts of 1975 unconstitutional for being in violation of Mich. Const., Art. 4, § 24.
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 15 - Public Officers and Employees › Act 196 of 1973 - Standards of Conduct for Public Officers and Employees (15.341 - 15.348) › Section 15.345 - Board of Ethics; Powers and Duties.

15.345 Board of ethics; powers and duties.
Sec. 5.
(1) The board shall:
(a) Receive complaints concerning alleged unethical conduct by a public officer or employee from any person or entity, inquire into the circumstances surrounding the alleged unethical conduct, and make recommendations concerning individual cases to the appointing authority with supervisory responsibility for the person whose activities have been investigated. All departments of state government shall cooperate with the board of ethics in the conduct of its investigations.
(b) Initiate investigations of practices that could affect ethical conduct of a public officer or employee.
(c) Hold public hearings.
(d) Administer oaths and receive sworn testimony.
(e) Issue and publish advisory opinions upon request from a public officer or employee or their appointing or supervisory authority relating to matters affecting ethical conduct of a public officer or employee.
(2) In the issuance of investigative reports and recommendations and advisory opinions, the board shall be advised as to legal matters by the attorney general.
(3) When a recommendation to an appointing authority is made by the board which affects a classified employee, the appointing authority shall initiate appropriate proceedings in accordance with such recommendation and pursuant to the rules of the civil service commission.
(4) When a recommendation to an appointing authority is made by the board concerning an unclassified employee or appointee, the appointing authority shall take appropriate disciplinary action which may include dismissal.
History:
1973, Act 196, Imd. Eff. Jan. 8, 1974
Compiler's Notes:
Section 191 of Act 227 of the Public Acts of 1975 repealed MCL 4.401 to 4.410, 168.901 to 168.929, 15.321 to 15.330, 15.301 to 15.310, and 15.341 to 15.348. The Michigan Supreme Court, however, in Advisory Opinion on Constitutionality of 1975 PA 227, 396 Mich. 123, 240 N.W.2d 193 (1976), held Act 227 of the Public Acts of 1975 unconstitutional for being in violation of Mich. Const., Art. 4, § 24.
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 15 - Public Officers and Employees › Act 196 of 1973 - Standards of Conduct for Public Officers and Employees (15.341 - 15.348) › Section 15.346 - Rules.

15.346 Rules.
Sec. 6.
The board may promulgate rules governing its own procedures pursuant to Act No. 306 of the Public Acts of 1969, as amended, being sections 24.201 to 24.315 of the Michigan Compiled Laws. For a period of 1 year following the effective date of this act the board shall have full authority to exercise all of its functions in accordance with temporary rules of procedure promulgated by the board. Both the temporary and permanent rules of the board shall provide that:
(a) The board may request the attendance of any witness whose testimony, in the judgment of the board, will aid in the conduct of its investigations.
(b) A person appearing before the board shall submit either sworn or unsworn testimony as the board may decide and may at all times be represented and accompanied by counsel.
(c) A record of testimony taken before the board or a hearing officer designated by it shall be made in the manner prescribed by the board.
(d) The board may, when it appears necessary for the protection of individual rights, hold its meetings and hearings in private. All other meetings and hearings shall be open to the public.
History:
1973, Act 196, Imd. Eff. Jan. 8, 1974
Compiler's Notes:
Section 191 of Act 227 of the Public Acts of 1975 repealed MCL 4.401 to 4.410, 168.901 to 168.929, 15.321 to 15.330, 15.301 to 15.310, and 15.341 to 15.348. The Michigan Supreme Court, however, in Advisory Opinion on Constitutionality of 1975 PA 227, 396 Mich. 123, 240 N.W.2d 193 (1976), held Act 227 of the Public Acts of 1975 unconstitutional for being in violation of Mich. Const., Art. 4, § 24.
Admin Rule:
R 15.1 et seq. of the Michigan Administrative Code.
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 15 - Public Officers and Employees › Act 196 of 1973 - Standards of Conduct for Public Officers and Employees (15.341 - 15.348) › Section 15.347 - Appropriation.

15.347 Appropriation.
Sec. 7.
There is appropriated from the general fund of the state an amount necessary to implement this act but not to exceed $10,000.00 for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1974.
History:
1973, Act 196, Imd. Eff. Jan. 8, 1974
Compiler's Notes:
Section 191 of Act 227 of the Public Acts of 1975 repealed MCL 4.401 to 4.410, 168.901 to 168.929, 15.321 to 15.330, 15.301 to 15.310, and 15.341 to 15.348. The Michigan Supreme Court, however, in Advisory Opinion on Constitutionality of 1975 PA 227, 396 Mich. 123, 240 N.W.2d 193 (1976), held Act 227 of the Public Acts of 1975 unconstitutional for being in violation of Mich. Const., Art. 4, § 24.
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 15 - Public Officers and Employees › Act 196 of 1973 - Standards of Conduct for Public Officers and Employees (15.341 - 15.348) › Section 15.348 - Other Acts Not Superseded; Interpretation and Administration of Act.

15.348 Other acts not superseded; interpretation and administration of act.
Sec. 8.
The provisions of this act shall not supersede the provisions of any other acts heretofore or hereinafter enacted and shall be interpreted and administered to the extent not inconsistent with other acts.
History:
1973, Act 196, Imd. Eff. Jan. 8, 1974
Compiler's Notes:
Section 191 of Act 227 of the Public Acts of 1975 repealed MCL 4.401 to 4.410, 168.901 to 168.929, 15.321 to 15.330, 15.301 to 15.310, and 15.341 to 15.348. The Michigan Supreme Court, however, in Advisory Opinion on Constitutionality of 1975 PA 227, 396 Mich. 123, 240 N.W.2d 193 (1976), held Act 227 of the Public Acts of 1975 unconstitutional for being in violation of Mich. Const., Art. 4, § 24.
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 15 - Public Officers and Employees › Act 469 of 1980 - The Whistleblowers' Protection Act (15.361 - 15.369) › Section 15.361 - Definitions.

15.361 Definitions.
Sec. 1.
As used in this act:
(a) "Employee" means a person who performs a service for wages or other remuneration under a contract of hire, written or oral, express or implied. Employee includes a person employed by the state or a political subdivision of the state except state classified civil service.
(b) "Employer" means a person who has 1 or more employees. Employer includes an agent of an employer and the state or a political subdivision of the state.
(c) "Person" means an individual, sole proprietorship, partnership, corporation, association, or any other legal entity.
(d) "Public body" means all of the following:
(i) A state officer, employee, agency, department, division, bureau, board, commission, council, authority, or other body in the executive branch of state government.
(ii) An agency, board, commission, council, member, or employee of the legislative branch of state government.
(iii) A county, city, township, village, intercounty, intercity, or regional governing body, a council, school district, special district, or municipal corporation, or a board, department, commission, council, agency, or any member or employee thereof.
(iv) Any other body which is created by state or local authority or which is primarily funded by or through state or local authority, or any member or employee of that body.
(v) A law enforcement agency or any member or employee of a law enforcement agency.
(vi) The judiciary and any member or employee of the judiciary.
History:
1980, Act 469, Eff. Mar. 31, 1981
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 15 - Public Officers and Employees › Act 469 of 1980 - The Whistleblowers' Protection Act (15.361 - 15.369) › Section 15.362 - Discharging, Threatening, or Otherwise Discriminating Against Employee Reporting Violation of Law, Regulation, or Rule Prohibited; Exceptions.

15.362 Discharging, threatening, or otherwise discriminating against employee reporting violation of law, regulation, or rule prohibited; exceptions.
Sec. 2.
An employer shall not discharge, threaten, or otherwise discriminate against an employee regarding the employee's compensation, terms, conditions, location, or privileges of employment because the employee, or a person acting on behalf of the employee, reports or is about to report, verbally or in writing, a violation or a suspected violation of a law or regulation or rule promulgated pursuant to law of this state, a political subdivision of this state, or the United States to a public body, unless the employee knows that the report is false, or because an employee is requested by a public body to participate in an investigation, hearing, or inquiry held by that public body, or a court action.
History:
1980, Act 469, Eff. Mar. 31, 1981
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 15 - Public Officers and Employees › Act 469 of 1980 - The Whistleblowers' Protection Act (15.361 - 15.369) › Section 15.363 - Civil Action in Circuit Court for Injunctive Relief or Actual Damages; “Damages” Defined; Clear and Convincing Evidence Required.

15.363 Civil action in circuit court for injunctive relief or actual damages; “damages” defined; clear and convincing evidence required.
Sec. 3.
(1) A person who alleges a violation of this act may bring a civil action for appropriate injunctive relief, or actual damages, or both within 90 days after the occurrence of the alleged violation of this act.
(2) An action commenced pursuant to subsection (1) may be brought in the circuit court for the county where the alleged violation occurred, the county where the complainant resides, or the county where the person against whom the civil complaint is filed resides or has his or her principal place of business.
(3) As used in subsection (1), "damages" means damages for injury or loss caused by each violation of this act, including reasonable attorney fees.
(4) An employee shall show by clear and convincing evidence that he or she or a person acting on his or her behalf was about to report, verbally or in writing, a violation or a suspected violation of a law of this state, a political subdivision of this state, or the United States to a public body.
History:
1980, Act 469, Eff. Mar. 31, 1981 ;-- Am. 1982, Act 146, Eff. Mar. 30, 1983
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 15 - Public Officers and Employees › Act 469 of 1980 - The Whistleblowers' Protection Act (15.361 - 15.369) › Section 15.364 - Court Judgment; Order; Remedies; Awarding Costs of Litigation.

15.364 Court judgment; order; remedies; awarding costs of litigation.
Sec. 4.
A court, in rendering a judgment in an action brought pursuant to this act, shall order, as the court considers appropriate, reinstatement of the employee, the payment of back wages, full reinstatement of fringe benefits and seniority rights, actual damages, or any combination of these remedies. A court may also award the complainant all or a portion of the costs of litigation, including reasonable attorney fees and witness fees, if the court determines that the award is appropriate.
History:
1980, Act 469, Eff. Mar. 31, 1981
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 15 - Public Officers and Employees › Act 469 of 1980 - The Whistleblowers' Protection Act (15.361 - 15.369) › Section 15.365 - Violation; Civil Fine.

15.365 Violation; civil fine.
Sec. 5.
(1) A person who violates this act shall be liable for a civil fine of not more than $500.00.
(2) A civil fine which is ordered pursuant to this act shall be submitted to the state treasurer for deposit in the general fund.
History:
1980, Act 469, Eff. Mar. 31, 1981
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 15 - Public Officers and Employees › Act 469 of 1980 - The Whistleblowers' Protection Act (15.361 - 15.369) › Section 15.366 - Diminishment or Impairment of Rights; Collective Bargaining Agreement; Protection of Confidentiality of Communications; Disclosures.

15.366 Diminishment or impairment of rights; collective bargaining agreement; protection of confidentiality of communications; disclosures.
Sec. 6.
This act shall not be construed to diminish or impair the rights of a person under any collective bargaining agreement, nor to permit disclosures which would diminish or impair the rights of any person to the continued protection of confidentiality of communications where statute or common law provides such protection.
History:
1980, Act 469, Eff. Mar. 31, 1981 ;-- Am. 1982, Act 146, Eff. Mar. 30, 1983
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 15 - Public Officers and Employees › Act 469 of 1980 - The Whistleblowers' Protection Act (15.361 - 15.369) › Section 15.367 - Employer Not Required to Compensate Employee for Participation in Investigation, Hearing, or Inquiry.

15.367 Employer not required to compensate employee for participation in investigation, hearing, or inquiry.
Sec. 7.
This act shall not be construed to require an employer to compensate an employee for participation in an investigation, hearing or inquiry held by a public body in accordance with section 2 of this act.
History:
1980, Act 469, Eff. Mar. 31, 1981
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 15 - Public Officers and Employees › Act 469 of 1980 - The Whistleblowers' Protection Act (15.361 - 15.369) › Section 15.368 - Posting Notices of Protections and Obligations Required.

15.368 Posting notices of protections and obligations required.
Sec. 8.
An employer shall post notices and use other appropriate means to keep his or her employees informed of their protections and obligations under this act.
History:
1980, Act 469, Eff. Mar. 31, 1981
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 15 - Public Officers and Employees › Act 469 of 1980 - The Whistleblowers' Protection Act (15.361 - 15.369) › Section 15.369 - Short Title.

15.369 Short title.
Sec. 9.
This act shall be known and may be cited as "the whistleblowers' protection act".
History:
1980, Act 469, Eff. Mar. 31, 1981
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 15 - Public Officers and Employees › Act 563 of 2006 - Disclosures by Law Enforcement Officers Act (15.391 - 15.395) › Section 15.391 - Definitions.

15.391 Definitions.
Sec. 1.
As used in this act:
(a) "Involuntary statement" means information provided by a law enforcement officer, if compelled under threat of dismissal from employment or any other employment sanction, by the law enforcement agency that employs the law enforcement officer.
(b) "Law enforcement agency" means the department of state police, the department of natural resources, or a law enforcement agency of a county, township, city, village, airport authority, community college, or university, that is responsible for the prevention and detection of crime and enforcement of the criminal laws of this state.
(c) "Law enforcement officer" means all of the following:
(i) A person who is trained and licensed or certified under the Michigan commission on law enforcement standards act, 1965 PA 203, MCL 28.601 to 28.615.
(ii) A local corrections officer as defined in section 2 of the local corrections officers training act, 2003 PA 125, MCL 791.532.
(iii) An emergency dispatch worker employed by a law enforcement agency.
History:
2006, Act 563, Imd. Eff. Dec. 29, 2006 ;-- Am. 2016, Act 302, Eff. Jan. 2, 2017
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 15 - Public Officers and Employees › Act 563 of 2006 - Disclosures by Law Enforcement Officers Act (15.391 - 15.395) › Section 15.393 - Use of Involuntary Statement by Law Enforcement Officer in Criminal Proceeding; Prohibition.

15.393 Use of involuntary statement by law enforcement officer in criminal proceeding; prohibition.
Sec. 3.
An involuntary statement made by a law enforcement officer, and any information derived from that involuntary statement, shall not be used against the law enforcement officer in a criminal proceeding.
History:
2006, Act 563, Imd. Eff. Dec. 29, 2006
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 15 - Public Officers and Employees › Act 563 of 2006 - Disclosures by Law Enforcement Officers Act (15.391 - 15.395) › Section 15.395 - Confidential Communication; Exception.

15.395 Confidential communication; exception.
Sec. 5.
An involuntary statement made by a law enforcement officer is a confidential communication that is not open to public inspection. The statement may be disclosed by the law enforcement agency only under 1 or more of the following circumstances:
(a) With the written consent of the law enforcement officer who made the statement.
(b) To a prosecuting attorney or the attorney general pursuant to a search warrant, subpoena, or court order, including an investigative subpoena issued under chapter VIIA of the code of criminal procedure, 1927 PA 175, MCL 767a.1 to 767a.9. However, a prosecuting attorney or attorney general who obtains an involuntary statement under this subdivision shall not disclose the contents of the statement except to a law enforcement agency working with the prosecuting attorney or attorney general or as ordered by the court having jurisdiction over the criminal matter or, as constitutionally required, to the defendant in a criminal case.
(c) To officers of, or legal counsel for, the law enforcement agency or the collective bargaining representative of the law enforcement officer, or both, for use in an administrative or legal proceeding involving a law enforcement officer's employment status with the law enforcement agency or to defend the law enforcement agency or law enforcement officer in a criminal action. However, a person who receives an involuntary statement under this subdivision shall not disclose the statement for any reason not allowed under this subdivision, or make it available for public inspection, without the written consent of the law enforcement officer who made the statement.
(d) To legal counsel for an individual or employing agency for use in a civil action against the employing agency or the law enforcement officer. Until the close of discovery in that action, the court shall preserve by reasonable means the confidentiality of the involuntary statement, which may include granting protective orders in connection with discovery proceedings, holding in camera hearings, or ordering any person involved in the litigation not to disclose the involuntary statement without prior court approval.
History:
2006, Act 563, Imd. Eff. Dec. 29, 2006
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 15 - Public Officers and Employees › Act 169 of 1976 - Political Activities by Public Employees (15.401 - 15.407) › Section 15.401 - “Public Employee” Defined.

15.401 “Public employee” defined.
Sec. 1.
As used in this act, "public employee" means an employee of the state classified civil service, or an employee of a political subdivision of the state who is not an elected official.
History:
1976, Act 169, Imd. Eff. June 25, 1976
Constitutionality:
In Council No 11, AFSCME v Civil Service Commission, 408 Mich 385; 292 NW2d 442 (1980), the Michigan Supreme Court held that 1976 PA 169 offends no provision of the Michigan constitution.
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 15 - Public Officers and Employees › Act 169 of 1976 - Political Activities by Public Employees (15.401 - 15.407) › Section 15.402 - Employee of State Classified Civil Service; Permissible Political Activities; Leave of Absence.

15.402 Employee of state classified civil service; permissible political activities; leave of absence.
Sec. 2.
An employee of the state classified civil service may:
(a) Become a member of a political party committee formed or authorized under the election laws of this state.
(b) Be a delegate to a state convention, or a district or county convention held by a political party in this state.
(c) Become a candidate for nomination and election to any district, county, city, village, township, school district, or other local elective office without first obtaining a leave of absence from his employment. If the person becomes a candidate for elective office in the executive or legislative branches of the state or for the supreme court or court of appeals, the person shall request and shall be granted a leave of absence without pay when he complies with the candidacy filing requirements, or 60 days before any election relating to that position, whichever date is closer to the election.
(d) Engage in other political activities on behalf of a candidate or issue in connection with partisan or nonpartisan elections.
History:
1976, Act 169, Imd. Eff. June 25, 1976
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 15 - Public Officers and Employees › Act 169 of 1976 - Political Activities by Public Employees (15.401 - 15.407) › Section 15.403 - Employee of Political Subdivision of State; Permissible Political Activities; Resignation; Leave of Absence.

15.403 Employee of political subdivision of state; permissible political activities; resignation; leave of absence.
Sec. 3.
(1) An employee of a political subdivision of the state may:
(a) Become a member of a political party committee formed or authorized under the election laws of this state.
(b) Be a delegate to a state convention, or a district or county convention held by a political party in this state.
(c) Become a candidate for nomination and election to any state elective office, or any district, county, city, village, township, school district, or other local elective office without first obtaining a leave of absence from his employment. If the person becomes a candidate for elective office within the unit of government or school district in which he is employed, unless contrary to a collective bargaining agreement the employer may require the person to request and take a leave of absence without pay when he complies with the candidacy filing requirements, or 60 days before any election relating to that position, whichever date is closer to the election.
(d) Engage in other political activities on behalf of a candidate or issue in connection with partisan or nonpartisan elections.
(2) However, a public employee of a unit of local government or school district who is elected to an office within that unit of local government or school district shall resign or may be granted a leave of absence from his employment during his elected term.
History:
1976, Act 169, Imd. Eff. June 25, 1976
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 15 - Public Officers and Employees › Act 169 of 1976 - Political Activities by Public Employees (15.401 - 15.407) › Section 15.404 - Active Engagement in Permissible Activities; Certain Hours Prohibited.

15.404 Active engagement in permissible activities; certain hours prohibited.
Sec. 4.
The activities permitted by sections 2 and 3 shall not be actively engaged in by a public employee during those hours when that person is being compensated for the performance of that person's duties as a public employee.
History:
1976, Act 169, Imd. Eff. June 25, 1976
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 15 - Public Officers and Employees › Act 169 of 1976 - Political Activities by Public Employees (15.401 - 15.407) › Section 15.405 - Coercion of Payment, Loan, or Contribution Prohibited.

15.405 Coercion of payment, loan, or contribution prohibited.
Sec. 5.
A public employer, public employee or an elected or appointed official may not personally, or through an agent, coerce, attempt to coerce, or command another public employee to pay, lend, or contribute anything of value to a party, committee, organization, agency, or person for the benefit of a person seeking or holding elected office, or for the purpose of furthering or defeating a proposed law, ballot question, or other measure that may be submitted to a vote of the electors.
History:
1976, Act 169, Imd. Eff. June 25, 1976
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 15 - Public Officers and Employees › Act 169 of 1976 - Political Activities by Public Employees (15.401 - 15.407) › Section 15.406 - Complaint; Hearing; Order; Injunction; Rules.

15.406 Complaint; hearing; order; injunction; rules.
Sec. 6.
(1) An employee of a political subdivision of this state whose rights under this act are violated or who is subjected to any of the actions prohibited by section 5 may make a complaint to that effect with the department of labor. The department shall hold a hearing to determine whether a violation has occurred. If a violation has occurred, the department shall so state on the record and may order any of the following:
(a) Issuance of back pay.
(b) Reinstatement as an employee.
(c) Attorney fees.
(d) Reinstatement of all work-related benefits, rights or privileges which, but for the violation by the employer, would have been accrued by the employee.
(2) Upon motion by the department to the circuit court, the court may issue an injunction to enforce the order of the department.
(3) The department of civil service shall promulgate rules for hearing alleged violations of this act by a state employee.
(4) The department of labor shall promulgate rules for hearing alleged violations of this act by an employee of a political subdivision of this state. The rules shall be promulgated pursuant to Act No. 306 of the Public Acts of 1969, as amended.
History:
1976, Act 169, Imd. Eff. June 25, 1976 ;-- Am. 1979, Act 15, Imd. Eff. May 24, 1979
Admin Rule:
R 408.22901 and R 408.22902 of the Michigan Administrative Code.
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 15 - Public Officers and Employees › Act 169 of 1976 - Political Activities by Public Employees (15.401 - 15.407) › Section 15.407 - Compliance With Federal Laws or Regulations; Disciplinary Actions.

15.407 Compliance with federal laws or regulations; disciplinary actions.
Sec. 7.
Public employees whose political activities are subject to restrictions imposed by laws or regulations of the United States shall comply with those restrictions notwithstanding any contrary provisions of this act. This act shall not be construed as prohibiting the state or a political subdivision thereof from instituting or implementing a disciplinary action against a public employee, in compliance with a determination of the United States civil service commission or a court of the United States pursuant to sections 1501 through 1508 of title 5 of the United States code.
History:
1976, Act 169, Imd. Eff. June 25, 1976
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 15 - Public Officers and Employees › Act 427 of 1996 - Good Government Financial Report Disclosure Act (15.421 - 15.425) › Section 15.421 - Short Title.

15.421 Short title.
Sec. 1.
This act shall be known and may be cited as the "good government financial report disclosure act".
History:
1996, Act 427, Imd. Eff. Nov. 25, 1996
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 15 - Public Officers and Employees › Act 427 of 1996 - Good Government Financial Report Disclosure Act (15.421 - 15.425) › Section 15.423 - Availability of Financial Report Pertaining to Local Unit or State Department, Institution, or Office.

15.423 Availability of financial report pertaining to local unit or state department, institution, or office.
Sec. 3.
A local unit or a state department, institution, or office shall obtain and retain a copy of any financial report pertaining to that local unit or state department, institution, or office. A local unit or state department, institution, or office, including but not limited to the state treasurer or auditor general shall make an annual financial report prepared, owned, used, in the possession of, or retained by the local unit or state department, institution, or office available for public inspection under the freedom of information act, Act No. 442 of the Public Acts of 1976, being sections 15.231 to 15.246 of the Michigan Compiled Laws.
History:
1996, Act 427, Imd. Eff. Nov. 25, 1996
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 15 - Public Officers and Employees › Act 427 of 1996 - Good Government Financial Report Disclosure Act (15.421 - 15.425) › Section 15.424 - Unauthorized Investments Prohibited.

15.424 Unauthorized investments prohibited.
Sec. 4.
This act does not authorize a local unit or this state to make investments not otherwise authorized by law.
History:
1996, Act 427, Imd. Eff. Nov. 25, 1996
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 15 - Public Officers and Employees › Act 427 of 1996 - Good Government Financial Report Disclosure Act (15.421 - 15.425) › Section 15.425 - Exceptions.

15.425 Exceptions.
Sec. 5.
Investments of defined contribution plans and deferred compensation plans that are chosen by the employee participating in the plan shall not be made available to the public under this act.
History:
1996, Act 427, Imd. Eff. Nov. 225, 1996
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 15 - Public Officers and Employees › Act 462 of 1996 - Enhanced Access to Public Records Act (15.441 - 15.445) › Section 15.441 - Short Title.

15.441 Short title.
Sec. 1.
This act shall be known and may be cited as the "enhanced access to public records act".
History:
1996, Act 462, Imd. Eff. Dec. 26, 1996
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 15 - Public Officers and Employees › Act 462 of 1996 - Enhanced Access to Public Records Act (15.441 - 15.445) › Section 15.442 - Definitions.

15.442 Definitions.
Sec. 2.
As used in this act:
(a) "Enhanced access" means a public record's immediate availability for public inspection, purchase, or copying by digital means. Enhanced access does not include the transfer of ownership of a public record.
(b) "Geographical information system" means an informational unit or network capable of producing customized maps based on a digital representation of geographical data.
(c) "Operating expenses" includes, but is not limited to, a public body's direct cost of creating, compiling, storing, maintaining, processing, upgrading, or enhancing information or data in a form available for enhanced access, including the cost of computer hardware and software, system development, employee time, and the actual cost of supplying the information or record in the form requested by the purchaser.
(d) "Person" means that term as defined in section 2 of the freedom of information act, 1976 PA 442, MCL 15.232.
(e) "Public body" means that term as defined in section 2 of the freedom of information act, 1976 PA 442, MCL 15.232.
(f) "Public record" means that term as defined in section 2 of the freedom of information act, 1976 PA 442, MCL 15.232.
(g) "Reasonable fee" means a charge calculated to enable a public body to recover over time only those operating expenses directly related to the public body's provision of enhanced access.
(h) "Software" means a set of statements or instructions that when incorporated in a machine-usable medium is capable of causing a machine or device having information processing capabilities to indicate, perform, or achieve a particular function, task, or result.
(i) "Third party" means a person who requests a geographical information system or output from a geographical information system under this act. However, third party does not include a person for whom a fee authorized under this act is waived in accordance with an intergovernmental agreement described in section 3.
History:
1996, Act 462, Imd. Eff. Dec. 26, 1996 ;-- Am. 1998, Act 550, Imd. Eff. Jan. 22, 1999
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 15 - Public Officers and Employees › Act 462 of 1996 - Enhanced Access to Public Records Act (15.441 - 15.445) › Section 15.444 - Elected or Appointed Individual; Ownership Interest or Compensation From Sold Information; Prohibition.

15.444 Elected or appointed individual; ownership interest or compensation from sold information; prohibition.
Sec. 4.
(1) An individual elected or appointed to a board or governing body of a city, village, township or county shall not have an ownership interest in, or accept compensation from, a person who sells information that is obtained from a public record of that city, village, township, or county.
(2) This section does not apply to compensation accepted from a public body.
History:
1996, Act 462, Imd. Eff. Dec. 26, 1996
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 15 - Public Officers and Employees › Act 462 of 1996 - Enhanced Access to Public Records Act (15.441 - 15.445) › Section 15.445 - Repealed. 2006, Act 227, Imd. Eff. June 26, 2006.

15.445 Repealed. 2006, Act 227, Imd. Eff. June 26, 2006.
Compiler's Notes:
The repealed section pertained to review of operations by bipartisan joint committee of legislative members of each house.
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 15 - Public Officers and Employees › Act 370 of 2016 - Electronic Open Access to Government Act (15.451 - 15.451) › Section 15.451 - Short Title; Information to Be Included on State Website.

15.451 Short title; information to be included on state website.
Sec. 1.
(1) This act shall be known and may be cited as the "electronic open access to government act".
(2) By January 1, 2018, the department of technology, management, and budget shall include links on this state's website to function and contact information for each executive branch department and each major division or subunit within the department. The information shall be accessible to the public at no cost. Each page created or maintained under this section shall meet all of the following criteria:
(a) Provide for uniformity and standardization of information across departments.
(b) Use methods that are intuitive for searching, navigating, and accessing information.
(c) Be designed to serve the purpose of facilitating public access to government services.
(3) The information required under this act includes all of the following for each department:
(a) A description of the primary functions of the department and the telephone number and electronic mail address for the public to contact the department.
(b) A description of the primary functions of each major division or subunit of the department and the telephone number and electronic mail address for the public to contact the division or subunit.
(c) A graphical organization chart that includes the major divisions or subunits of the department and the name, position title, classified or nonclassified civil service distinction, and contact information for the supervisor of each major division or subunit. The chart must indicate the reporting relationship of the supervisors.
(4) Each department shall cooperate with the department of technology, management, and budget in collecting and posting the information required under this act. The department of technology, management, and budget shall develop guidelines for the format and display of the charts and other information to ensure the greatest possible standardization. The department of technology, management, and budget shall provide technical services and assistance to the departments, as necessary, to create websites, coordinate links, and maintain electronic connections necessary to implement this act.
(5) Each department shall provide quarterly updates to the information required under this act.
History:
2016, Act 370, Eff. Mar. 29, 2017
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 15 - Public Officers and Employees › Act 423 of 2012 - Public Employee Compensation Disclosure Act (15.461 - 15.463) › Section 15.461 - Short Title.

15.461 Short title.
Sec. 1.
This act shall be known and may be cited as the "public employee compensation disclosure act".
History:
2012, Act 423, Imd. Eff. Dec. 21, 2012
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 15 - Public Officers and Employees › Act 423 of 2012 - Public Employee Compensation Disclosure Act (15.461 - 15.463) › Section 15.462 - Definitions.

15.462 Definitions.
Sec. 2.
As used in this act:
(a) "Commission" means the civil service commission.
(b) "Public employee" means an individual who is employed in the classified state service.
History:
2012, Act 423, Imd. Eff. Dec. 21, 2012
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 15 - Public Officers and Employees › Act 423 of 2012 - Public Employee Compensation Disclosure Act (15.461 - 15.463) › Section 15.463 - Information Regarding Classified State Employees to Be Posted on Commission's Website.

15.463 Information regarding classified state employees to be posted on commission's website.
Sec. 3.
By January 31 of each year, the commission shall post on the commission's website all of the following information regarding classified state employees during the prior fiscal year:
(a) For each state department or agency:
(i) The number of full-time equivalent employees.
(ii) The average pay rate for all employees.
(iii) The average years of service for all employees.
(iv) The number of new hires, returns, and separations.
(v) The turnover rate.
(vi) The percentage of employees eligible to retire over the next 1-, 3-, and 5-year periods.
(vii) The number of employees in each bargaining unit.
(b) The average annual cost of the benefits for all employees.
History:
2012, Act 423, Imd. Eff. Dec. 21, 2012
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 15 - Public Officers and Employees › Act 96 of 2014 - Regulatory Boards and Commissions Ethics Act (15.481 - 15.486) › Section 15.481 - Short Title; Definitions.

15.481 Short title; definitions.
Sec. 1.
(1) This act shall be known and may be cited as the "regulatory boards and commissions ethics act".
(2) As used in this act:
(a) "Board" means a board, commission, committee, or subcommittee in the department that has authority in regulatory actions concerning private individuals or entities.
(b) "Department" means the department of licensing and regulatory affairs.
(c) "Immediate family member" means a grandparent, parent, parent-in-law, stepparent, sibling, spouse, child, or stepchild.
History:
2014, Act 96, Eff. July 1, 2014
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 15 - Public Officers and Employees › Act 96 of 2014 - Regulatory Boards and Commissions Ethics Act (15.481 - 15.486) › Section 15.482 - Standards in Addition to Other Standard of Conduct or Disclosure Requirement.

15.482 Standards in addition to other standard of conduct or disclosure requirement.
Sec. 2.
In addition to any other standard of conduct or disclosure requirement that may apply to a member or designated alternate member of a board, each member or designated alternate shall comply with the standards set forth in this act.
History:
2014, Act 96, Eff. July 1, 2014
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 15 - Public Officers and Employees › Act 96 of 2014 - Regulatory Boards and Commissions Ethics Act (15.481 - 15.486) › Section 15.484 - Board Member or Immediate Family Member With Interest in Matter; Adoption in Violation of Conflict of Interest; Requirements.

15.484 Board member or immediate family member with interest in matter; adoption in violation of conflict of interest; requirements.
Sec. 4.
A contract, grant, or loan that a board enters into with or awards to a board member or an immediate family member of a board member with an interest in the matter is adopted in violation of conflict of interest standards and is voidable at the option of the department unless the affected board member complies with all of the following:
(a) Except as expressly permitted by applicable law, the affected board member has abstained from participating in the discussion or vote on the matter.
(b) The affected board member immediately upon knowledge or discovery discloses the pecuniary, contractual, business, employment, or personal interest in the contract, grant, or loan in the manner required by this act and other applicable law.
History:
2014, Act 96, Eff. July 1, 2014
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 15 - Public Officers and Employees › Act 96 of 2014 - Regulatory Boards and Commissions Ethics Act (15.481 - 15.486) › Section 15.485 - Undisclosed Interest or Conflict of Interest; Referral to Board of Ethics; Review by Director or Designee; Reconsideration of Action.

15.485 Undisclosed interest or conflict of interest; referral to board of ethics; review by director or designee; reconsideration of action.
Sec. 5.
(1) A person who has reason to believe that a board member has failed to disclose an interest described in section 3(1)(a) or has an interest that is not required to be disclosed but that would have a tendency to affect the ability of the member to render an impartial decision on a matter may request, not later than 1 year after the board takes any action on the matter, that the director of the department or his or her designee consider the issue of a conflict of interest as to that matter. The director or his or her designee shall investigate the matter and decide the issue of whether or not the board member has an undisclosed interest described in section 3(1)(a) or has another conflict of interest sufficient to raise a reasonable doubt as to whether the board member could render an impartial decision. The director or his or her designee may refer the matter to the board of ethics created in section 3 of 1973 PA 196, MCL 15.343, at his or her discretion.
(2) If the director or his or her designee determines under subsection (1) that a board member has an undisclosed interest or a conflict of interest that is sufficient to raise a reasonable doubt as to whether the board member could render an impartial decision, the department shall review the action to determine if that board member cast a deciding vote in any action the board took regarding the matter in which there is a reasonable doubt of the board member's ability to have rendered an impartial decision. If the action did not depend on the vote of that board member, the action of the board stands. If that board member was the deciding vote in an action regarding the matter, the board shall reconsider the action without the participation of the board member who was found to have an interest that was sufficient to raise a reasonable doubt as to whether he or she could have rendered an impartial decision.
History:
2014, Act 96, Eff. July 1, 2014
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 15 - Public Officers and Employees › Act 96 of 2014 - Regulatory Boards and Commissions Ethics Act (15.481 - 15.486) › Section 15.486 - Conflict With Existing Ethics Laws.

15.486 Conflict with existing ethics laws.
Sec. 6.
This act is intended to supplement existing ethics laws, and if there is a conflict, the following laws prevail:
(a) Section 10 of article IV of the state constitution of 1963.
(b) 1978 PA 566, MCL 15.181 to 15.185.
(c) 1968 PA 318, MCL 15.301 to 15.310.
(d) 1968 PA 317, MCL 15.321 to 15.330.
(e) 1973 PA 196, MCL 15.341 to 15.348.
History:
2014, Act 96, Eff. July 1, 2014
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 15 - Public Officers and Employees › Act 199 of 1976 - Temporary Assignment of Employees (15.501 - 15.512) › Section 15.501 - Definitions.

15.501 Definitions.
Sec. 1.
As used in this act:
(a) "Employee" means a person who is employed by or is an employee of a federal agency, an institution of higher education, a local unit of government, or a state agency.
(b) "Federal agency" means an agency, board, bureau, commission, department, division, office, or subdivision thereof of the federal government.
(c) "Institution of higher education" means a public or private institution of a state which offers a degree or course of study beyond the twelfth grade.
(d) "Local unit of government" means a city, county, township, village, school district, intermediate school district, or subdivision thereof of this state or any other state. A governmental subdivision of another state which is not the same as a local unit of government of this state is included if it is similar in organization or has similar powers and duties as a local unit of government of this state.
(e) "Receiving agency" means a federal agency, institution of higher education, local unit of government, or a state agency which receives an employee from a sending agency pursuant to this act.
(f) "Sending agency" means a federal agency, institution of higher education, local unit of government, or a state agency which sends an employee to a receiving agency pursuant to this act.
(g) "State agency" means an agency, board, bureau, commission, department, division, office, or subdivision thereof of this state or another state.
History:
1976, Act 199, Imd. Eff. July 23, 1976
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 15 - Public Officers and Employees › Act 199 of 1976 - Temporary Assignment of Employees (15.501 - 15.512) › Section 15.502 - Receiving Agencies and Sending Agencies Subject to Act; Conflict With Federal Law.

15.502 Receiving agencies and sending agencies subject to act; conflict with federal law.
Sec. 2.
(1) When an employee participates in a temporary assignment, the receiving agency, and the sending agency are subject to this act and a contract relative thereto is subject to and shall conform to this act.
(2) This act does not apply when the receiving agency is privately owned or operated, a federal agency, or located in another state, and the sending agency is privately owned or operated, a federal agency, or located in another state.
(3) If this act is in conflict with a federal law, the federal law shall control.
History:
1976, Act 199, Imd. Eff. July 23, 1976
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 15 - Public Officers and Employees › Act 199 of 1976 - Temporary Assignment of Employees (15.501 - 15.512) › Section 15.503 - Participation as Sending or Receiving Agency.

15.503 Participation as sending or receiving agency.
Sec. 3.
An institution of higher education of this state, a local unit of government of this state, or a state agency of this state may participate as a sending or receiving agency in a program involving a temporary assignment of an employee with a federal agency, institution of higher education, local unit of government, or state agency.
History:
1976, Act 199, Imd. Eff. July 23, 1976