reglab/statecodes huggingface dataset:
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 › Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948) › 236-1961-16 - Chapter 16 Venue (600.1601...600.1659) › Section 600.1651 - Improper Venue; Transfer of Action to Proper County.

600.1651 Improper venue; transfer of action to proper county.
Sec. 1651.
An action brought in a county not designated as a proper county may nevertheless be tried therein, unless a defendant moves for a change of venue within the time and in the manner provided by court rule, in which case the court shall transfer the action to a proper county on such conditions relative to expense and costs as provided by court rule and section 1653. The court for the county to which the transfer is made shall have full jurisdiction of the action as though the action had been originally commenced therein.
History:
1961, Act 236, Eff. Jan. 1, 1963 ;-- Am. 1986, Act 178, Eff. Oct. 1, 1986
Compiler's Notes:
Section 3 of Act 178 of 1986 provides:“(1) Sections 2925b, 5805, 5838, and 5851 of Act No. 236 of the Public Acts of 1961, as amended by this amendatory act, shall not apply to causes of action arising before October 1, 1986.“(2) Sections 1483, 5838a, and 6304 of Act No. 236 of the Public Acts of 1961, as added by this amendatory act, shall apply to causes of action arising on or after October 1, 1986.“(3) Sections 1629, 1653, 2169, 2591, 2912c, 2912d, 2912e, 6098, 6301, 6303, 6305, 6306, 6307, 6309, and 6311 of Act No. 236 of the Public Acts of 1961, as added by this amendatory act, shall apply to cases filed on or after October 1, 1986.“(4) Sections 1651 and 6013 of Act No. 236 of the Public Acts of 1961, as amended by this amendatory act, shall not apply to cases filed before October 1, 1986.“(5) Chapter 49 of Act No. 236 of the Public Acts of 1961, as added by this amendatory act, shall apply to cases filed on or after January 1, 1987.“(6) Chapter 49a of Act No. 236 of the Public Acts of 1961, as added by this amendatory act, shall apply to cases filed in judicial circuits which are comprised of more than 1 county on or after July 1, 1990 and shall apply to cases filed in judicial circuits which are comprised of 1 county on or after October 1, 1988.”
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 › Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948) › 236-1961-16 - Chapter 16 Venue (600.1601...600.1659) › Section 600.1653 - Motion for Change of Venue in Action Based on Tort; Awarding Expenses and Costs.

600.1653 Motion for change of venue in action based on tort; awarding expenses and costs.
Sec. 1653.
If a party brings a motion for a change of venue in an action based on tort alleging improper venue, the court shall award expenses and costs as follows:
(a) If the motion is granted, the court shall, after opportunity for a hearing, require the party who opposed the motion to pay to the moving party the reasonable expenses, including reasonable attorney fees, incurred in obtaining the order and to pay the statutory filing fee applicable to the court to which the action is transferred unless the court orders the change of venue for the convenience of the parties and witnesses or when an impartial trial cannot be had where the action is pending.
(b) If the motion is denied, the court shall, after opportunity for a hearing, require the moving party to pay to the party who opposed the motion the reasonable expenses, including reasonable attorney fees, incurred in opposing the motion, unless the court maintains venue for the convenience of the parties and witnesses.
History:
Add. 1986, Act 178, Eff. Oct. 1, 1986
Compiler's Notes:
Section 3 of Act 178 of 1986 provides:“(1) Sections 2925b, 5805, 5838, and 5851 of Act No. 236 of the Public Acts of 1961, as amended by this amendatory act, shall not apply to causes of action arising before October 1, 1986.“(2) Sections 1483, 5838a, and 6304 of Act No. 236 of the Public Acts of 1961, as added by this amendatory act, shall apply to causes of action arising on or after October 1, 1986.“(3) Sections 1629, 1653, 2169, 2591, 2912c, 2912d, 2912e, 6098, 6301, 6303, 6305, 6306, 6307, 6309, and 6311 of Act No. 236 of the Public Acts of 1961, as added by this amendatory act, shall apply to cases filed on or after October 1, 1986.“(4) Sections 1651 and 6013 of Act No. 236 of the Public Acts of 1961, as amended by this amendatory act, shall not apply to cases filed before October 1, 1986.“(5) Chapter 49 of Act No. 236 of the Public Acts of 1961, as added by this amendatory act, shall apply to cases filed on or after January 1, 1987.“(6) Chapter 49a of Act No. 236 of the Public Acts of 1961, as added by this amendatory act, shall apply to cases filed in judicial circuits which are comprised of more than 1 county on or after July 1, 1990 and shall apply to cases filed in judicial circuits which are comprised of 1 county on or after October 1, 1988.”
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 › Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948) › 236-1961-16 - Chapter 16 Venue (600.1601...600.1659) › Section 600.1655 - Venue; Change; Conditions; Expense of Trial.

600.1655 Venue; change; conditions; expense of trial.
Sec. 1655.
On such grounds and conditions as may be provided by court rule, the venue of any civil action brought in a proper county may be changed to any other county, and the action there tried. The court of the county to which the transfer is made shall thereupon have full jurisdiction of the action as though the action had been originally commenced therein. In every such case all expenses of the trial which would be chargeable to the county in which the action originated had the action been tried therein, as determined by the circuit judge of the county to which the action has been transferred, shall be a charge upon the county in which the action originated.
History:
1961, Act 236, Eff. Jan. 1, 1963
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 › Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948) › 236-1961-16 - Chapter 16 Venue (600.1601...600.1659) › Section 600.1659 - Transfer of Judgments in Action Affecting Real or Tangible Personal Property.

600.1659 Transfer of judgments in action affecting real or tangible personal property.
Sec. 1659.
When a civil action affecting the title to or possession of real or tangible personal property has been tried in a county other than the county in which all of the real or tangible personal property is situated, the clerk of the court, after final judgment therein, must certify under his seal of office and transmit a copy of the judgment to the corresponding court of any county in which real or tangible personal property affected by the action is situated. The clerk of the court receiving the copy must file and record the judgment in the records of the court, briefly designating it as a judgment transferred from ........ (naming the court).
History:
1961, Act 236, Eff. Jan. 1, 1963
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 › Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948) › 236-1961-17 - Chapter 17 Contempts (600.1701...600.1745) › Section 600.1711 - Summary Punishment; Hearing.

600.1711 Summary punishment; hearing.
Sec. 1711.
(1) When any contempt is committed in the immediate view and presence of the court, the court may punish it summarily by fine, or imprisonment, or both.
(2) When any contempt is committed other than in the immediate view and presence of the court, the court may punish it by fine or imprisonment, or both, after proof of the facts charged has been made by affidavit or other method and opportunity has been given to defend.
History:
1961, Act 236, Eff. Jan. 1, 1963
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 › Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948) › 236-1961-17 - Chapter 17 Contempts (600.1701...600.1745) › Section 600.1715 - Contempt; Punishment; Fine; Probation; Performance of Act or Duty.

600.1715 Contempt; punishment; fine; probation; performance of act or duty.
Sec. 1715.
(1) Except as otherwise provided by law, punishment for contempt may be a fine of not more than $7,500.00, or imprisonment which, except in those cases where the commitment is for the omission to perform an act or duty which is still within the power of the person to perform shall not exceed 93 days, or both, in the discretion of the court. The court may place an individual who is guilty of criminal contempt on probation in the manner provided for persons guilty of a misdemeanor as provided in chapter XI of the code of criminal procedure, 1927 PA 175, MCL 771.1 to 771.14a.
(2) If the contempt consists of the omission to perform some act or duty that is still within the power of the person to perform, the imprisonment shall be terminated when the person performs the act or duty or no longer has the power to perform the act or duty, which shall be specified in the order of commitment, and pays the fine, costs, and expenses of the proceedings, which shall be specified in the order of commitment.
History:
1961, Act 236, Eff. Jan. 1, 1963 ;-- Am. 1983, Act 228, Imd. Eff. Nov. 28, 1983 ;-- Am. 2006, Act 544, Eff. Mar. 30, 2007
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 › Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948) › 236-1961-17 - Chapter 17 Contempts (600.1701...600.1745) › Section 600.1721 - Payment of Damages; Effect.

600.1721 Payment of damages; effect.
Sec. 1721.
If the alleged misconduct has caused an actual loss or injury to any person the court shall order the defendant to pay such person a sufficient sum to indemnify him, in addition to the other penalties which are imposed upon the defendant. The payment and acceptance of this sum is an absolute bar to any action by the aggrieved party to recover damages for the loss or injury.
History:
1961, Act 236, Eff. Jan. 1, 1963
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 › Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948) › 236-1961-17 - Chapter 17 Contempts (600.1701...600.1745) › Section 600.1725 - Witnesses; Refusal to Testify; Penalty.

600.1725 Witnesses; refusal to testify; penalty.
Sec. 1725.
If any witness attending pursuant to a subpoena, or brought before any court, judge, officer, commissioner, or before any person before whom depositions may be taken, refuses without reasonable cause
(1) to be examined, or
(2) to answer any legal and pertinent question, or
(3) to subscribe his deposition after it has been reduced to writing, the officer issuing the subpoena shall commit him, by warrant, to the common jail of the county in which he resides. He shall remain there until he submits to be examined, or to answer, or to subscribe his deposition, as the case may be, or until he is discharged according to law.
History:
1961, Act 236, Eff. Jan. 1, 1963
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 › Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948) › 236-1961-17 - Chapter 17 Contempts (600.1701...600.1745) › Section 600.1731 - Publication as to Court of Record; Hearing by Judge of Another Court.

600.1731 Publication as to court of record; hearing by judge of another court.
Sec. 1731.
In proceedings for contempt arising out of the publication of any news, information, or comment concerning a court of record, except the supreme court, or any judge of that court the defendant has the right to have the proceedings heard by the judge of another court of record.
History:
1961, Act 236, Eff. Jan. 1, 1963
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 › Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948) › 236-1961-17 - Chapter 17 Contempts (600.1701...600.1745) › Section 600.1735 - Arrest on Bench Warrant; Duties of Sheriff.

600.1735 Arrest on bench warrant; duties of sheriff.
Sec. 1735.
Upon arresting any defendant, on a bench warrant, to answer for any alleged misconduct, the sheriff shall keep such person in his actual custody, and shall bring him personally before the court issuing the warrant, and shall keep and detain him in his custody, until such court orders otherwise, or until the defendant is entitled to be discharged on bond.
History:
1961, Act 236, Eff. Jan. 1, 1963
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 › Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948) › 236-1961-17 - Chapter 17 Contempts (600.1701...600.1745) › Section 600.1741 - Arrest on Bench Warrant; Illness of Arrested Person.

600.1741 Arrest on bench warrant; illness of arrested person.
Sec. 1741.
Whenever an officer is required to keep any person arrested upon a bench warrant in actual custody, and to bring him personally before any court, the inability, from sickness or otherwise, of such person to attend such court personally, is a sufficient excuse for not bringing him before such court.
History:
1961, Act 236, Eff. Jan. 1, 1963
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 › Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948) › 236-1961-17 - Chapter 17 Contempts (600.1701...600.1745) › Section 600.1745 - Indictment for Contemptuous Conduct; Sentence.

600.1745 Indictment for contemptuous conduct; sentence.
Sec. 1745.
Persons proceeded against according to the provisions of this chapter, shall also be liable to indictment for the same misconduct, if it be an indictable offense; but the court before which a conviction shall be had on such indictment shall take into consideration the punishment before inflicted, in imposing sentence.
History:
1961, Act 236, Eff. Jan. 1, 1963
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 › Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948) › 236-1961-18 - Chapter 18 Process and Arrests (600.1801...600.1865) › Section 600.1801 - Process; Service and Return; Service on Sheriff or Deputies.

600.1801 Process; service and return; service on sheriff or deputies.
Sec. 1801.
(1) When any process or order, issued by any court of record, or any complaint or other paper, is delivered to any sheriff, under-sheriff or deputy to serve, such officer shall serve the same with all convenient speed, and shall return the same with his certificate endorsed thereon, of the time and manner of such service, either to the office of the clerk of the court in which such suit or proceeding is pending, or to the attorney whose name is endorsed on the process, order, complaint or paper.
(2) In any action where an under-sheriff or deputy sheriff is a party, any process may be served on such under-sheriff or deputy sheriff, by the sheriff in person, or by any under-sheriff or deputy sheriff who is not a party to such action.
(3) When the sheriff is a party or interested in any suit, any coroner within his county may serve and execute any process, order, or any other paper in the cause, and has the same powers, and is subject to the same liabilities as sheriffs in similar cases.
(4) If the sheriff is a party in interest in any suit, service of process not requiring arrest or seizure of property may be made upon him by any person of suitable age and discretion.
History:
1961, Act 236, Eff. Jan. 1, 1963
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 › Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948) › 236-1961-18 - Chapter 18 Process and Arrests (600.1801...600.1865) › Section 600.1805 - Process; Expiration or Vacancy in Office of Sheriff; Effect.

600.1805 Process; expiration or vacancy in office of sheriff; effect.
Sec. 1805.
Sheriffs, under-sheriffs, and deputy sheriffs, may execute all process in their hands at the expiration of the term for which such sheriffs were elected, the execution of which having been begun by him, and shall make due returns thereof in their own name. In case of a vacancy in the office of sheriff, every deputy in office under him may execute any writ or process in his hands or in the hands of such sheriff, at the time such vacancy happened, and has the same authority, and is under the same obligation to serve and execute and return the same, as if such sheriff had continued in office.
History:
1961, Act 236, Eff. Jan. 1, 1963
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 › Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948) › 236-1961-18 - Chapter 18 Process and Arrests (600.1801...600.1865) › Section 600.1809 - Process; Amendment of Return.

600.1809 Process; amendment of return.
Sec. 1809.
All returns made by any sheriff or other officer, or by any court or subordinate tribunal, to any court, may be amended in matter of form by the court to which such returns are made, in their discretion, both before and after judgment.
History:
1961, Act 236, Eff. Jan. 1, 1963
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 › Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948) › 236-1961-18 - Chapter 18 Process and Arrests (600.1801...600.1865) › Section 600.1811 - Process; Appointment of Substitute Server.

600.1811 Process; appointment of substitute server.
Sec. 1811.
(1) The judge of any circuit court of this state may in any suit or proceeding commenced or pending therein, on the application of any party thereto, appoint some disinterested person to serve any process or other papers, or to do any act therein which the sheriff by law might do in the cause, if the sheriff and coroners of the county are parties, or interested or incapacitated to act.
(2) The appointment shall be in writing, signed by the judge, and filed in the cause. The person so appointed has the same power conferred upon him, and shall proceed in the same manner prescribed for the sheriff in the performance of like duties. The fees payable to such person shall be the same as those payable to sheriffs by virtue of the provisions of law in that behalf for like services.
(3) The judge may, in his discretion, require the person so appointed, before acting under said appointment, to give a bond to the people of this state in such penal sum, and with such surety or sureties as the judge may approve, conditioned for the faithful performance and execution by such person of his duties in such case, without fraud, deceit or oppression, and for the payment of all moneys that may come into his hands by virtue of such appointment.
(4) The person so appointed is deemed a coroner of the county, and is liable in all respects to all the provisions of law respecting sheriffs, so far as the same may be applicable.
History:
1961, Act 236, Eff. Jan. 1, 1963
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 › Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948) › 236-1961-18 - Chapter 18 Process and Arrests (600.1801...600.1865) › Section 600.1815 - Capias Ad Respondendum; Abolishment.

600.1815 Capias ad respondendum; abolishment.
Sec. 1815.
The writ of capias ad respondendum is abolished and no civil actions shall be started by arrest.
History:
1961, Act 236, Eff. Jan. 1, 1963
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 › Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948) › 236-1961-18 - Chapter 18 Process and Arrests (600.1801...600.1865) › Section 600.1825 - Arrest; Privileged Persons.

600.1825 Arrest; privileged persons.
Sec. 1825.
(1) Every elector is privileged from arrest while going to, attending, and returning from elections in all cases except for treason, felony, or breach of the peace.
(2) Senators and representatives are privileged from arrest during sessions of the legislature and for 15 days next before the commencement and after the end of each session.
(3) All officers, warrant officers, and enlisted personnel who are in the actual service of this state or the United States are privileged from arrest and imprisonment during the time of their actual service except for treason, felony, or breach of the peace.
History:
1961, Act 236, Eff. Jan. 1, 1963
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 › Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948) › 236-1961-18 - Chapter 18 Process and Arrests (600.1801...600.1865) › Section 600.1831 - Civil Process; Exemptions.

600.1831 Civil process; exemptions.
Sec. 1831.
(1) Civil process shall not be served on an elector entitled to vote at an election during the day that election is held. However, if sufficient cause is shown by affidavit to the satisfaction of a judge, that judge may issue a restraining order or authorize the issuance and service or execution of a writ on an election day, as on other days.
(2) Civil process shall not be served or executed on a person attending a worship meeting of a religious organization that has tax exempt status under section 501(c)(3) of the internal revenue code, 26 USC 501, on property where the organization normally conducts its worship, or going to or coming from such a meeting within 500 feet of that property. A judge may order service or execution of process notwithstanding this subsection if, to the judge's satisfaction, sufficient cause is shown by affidavit.
History:
1961, Act 236, Eff. Jan. 1, 1963 ;-- Am. 1984, Act 29, Imd. Eff. Mar. 12, 1984 ;-- Am. 2005, Act 201, Imd. Eff. Nov. 10, 2005
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 › Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948) › 236-1961-18 - Chapter 18 Process and Arrests (600.1801...600.1865) › Section 600.1835 - Civil Process; Privileged Persons.

600.1835 Civil process; privileged persons.
Sec. 1835.
(1) All persons going to, attending, or returning from, any court proceedings in any action in which their presence is needed are privileged from service of process if service could not have been made on them had they not gone to, attended, or returned from the proceedings.
(2) Any person brought into this state by or after waiver of extradition based on a criminal charge is privileged against the service of personal process in civil actions arising out of the same facts as the criminal proceedings which he or she is returned to answer until he or she has been convicted in the criminal proceeding, or, if acquitted, until he or she has a reasonable opportunity to return to the state from which he or she came.
(3) A member of the legislature shall not be privileged from civil process except on a day on which there is a scheduled meeting of the house of which he or she is a member. However, a member of the legislature shall not be privileged from civil process on a day on which there is a scheduled meeting of the house of which he or she is a member, if such process is executed by certified mail, return receipt requested.
History:
1961, Act 236, Eff. Jan. 1, 1963 ;-- Am. 1984, Act 29, Imd. Eff. Mar. 12, 1984
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 › Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948) › 236-1961-18 - Chapter 18 Process and Arrests (600.1801...600.1865) › Section 600.1841 - Civil Process; Service on Great Lakes or Border Waters.

600.1841 Civil process; service on Great Lakes or border waters.
Sec. 1841.
Civil process which may be served by law anywhere in the state may be served upon any of the waters of the Great Lakes on border waters lying within the state. Any civil process which is required to be served within any county may also be served upon any of the waters of the Great Lakes or border waters which adjoin that county and are included in an extension of the boundary lines of that county to be boundary lines of the state. In any county where the boundary lines are not capable of extension because irregular, process issued from that county may be served on the waters of the Great lakes at any point within 10 miles of the shore line of that county.
History:
1961, Act 236, Eff. Jan. 1, 1963
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 › Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948) › 236-1961-18 - Chapter 18 Process and Arrests (600.1801...600.1865) › Section 600.1845 - Confinement in Jail; Liability for Release, Penalty.

600.1845 Confinement in jail; liability for release, penalty.
Sec. 1845.
(1) All prisoners committed to any jail upon process for contempt or committed for misconduct in the cases prescribed by law, shall be actually confined and detained within the jail until they are discharged from the jail by due course of law or are removed to some other jail or place of confinement in the cases provided by law.
(2) If any sheriff or keeper of a jail permits or suffers any prisoner so committed to jail to go or be at large out of his prison, except by virtue of writ of habeas corpus or order of court or as otherwise provided by the law, he is liable for the damages sustained to the party aggrieved. And he is also guilty of a misdemeanor.
History:
1961, Act 236, Eff. Jan. 1, 1963
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 › Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948) › 236-1961-18 - Chapter 18 Process and Arrests (600.1801...600.1865) › Section 600.1851 - Repealed. 1967, Act 178, Eff. Nov. 2, 1967.

600.1851 Repealed. 1967, Act 178, Eff. Nov. 2, 1967.
Compiler's Notes:
The repealed section related to uniform foreign depositions act.
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 › Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948) › 236-1961-18 - Chapter 18 Process and Arrests (600.1801...600.1865) › Section 600.1852 - Service of Process Outside This State; Order.

600.1852 Service of process outside this state; order.
Sec. 1852.
Any court of record of this state in a county in which a person resides, is employed, transacts his or her business in person, or is found may order service upon the person of any document issued in connection with a proceeding in a tribunal outside this state. The order may be made upon application of any interested person or in response to a letter rogatory issued by a tribunal outside this state and shall direct the manner of service. Service in connection with a proceeding in a tribunal outside this state may be made within this state without an order of court. Service under this section does not, of itself, require the recognition or enforcement of an order, judgment or decree rendered outside this state.
History:
Add. 1967, Act 178, Eff. Nov. 2, 1967 ;-- Am. 2012, Act 362, Eff. Apr. 1, 2013
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 › Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948) › 236-1961-18 - Chapter 18 Process and Arrests (600.1801...600.1865) › Section 600.1855 - Service of Process; Public Bodies, Duties of Officers.

600.1855 Service of process; public bodies, duties of officers.
Sec. 1855.
Service of process on municipal and public corporations and other public bodies shall be made as prescribed by rule of the supreme court. The officer upon whom such service is made shall inform the public body of such service at or before its next meeting. The council, board, commission, corporation, or other public body may appear and answer or plead in such proceedings in such manner as it may direct.
History:
1961, Act 236, Eff. Jan. 1, 1963
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 › Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948) › 236-1961-18 - Chapter 18 Process and Arrests (600.1801...600.1865) › Section 600.1861 - Service of Process; by Service on Public Officer, Copy to Nongovernmental Defendant.

600.1861 Service of process; by service on public officer, copy to nongovernmental defendant.
Sec. 1861.
When service is made on a non-governmental defendant by service on a public officer, the officer or his deputy shall forthwith forward by registered mail, postage prepaid, a copy of the summons and complaint, directed to the secretary or corresponding officer of the defendant, or other appropriate person.
History:
1961, Act 236, Eff. Jan. 1, 1963
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 › Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948) › 236-1961-18 - Chapter 18 Process and Arrests (600.1801...600.1865) › Section 600.1865 - Chapter and Mich. const., Art. Iv, § 11, Inapplicable to Issuance of Service of Citation Pursuant to MCL 257.742.

600.1865 Chapter and Mich. Const., Art. IV, § 11, inapplicable to issuance of service of citation pursuant to MCL 257.742.
Sec. 1865.
This chapter and the privilege from civil process provided by section 11 of article IV of the state constitution of 1963 shall not apply to the issuance or service of a citation pursuant to section 742 of Act No. 300 of the Public Acts of 1949, as amended, being section 257.742 of the Michigan Compiled Laws.
History:
Add. 1979, Act 67, Eff. Aug. 1, 1979 ;-- Am. 1984, Act 29, Imd. Eff. Mar. 12, 1984
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 › Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948) › 236-1961-19 - Chapter 19 Commencement of Action and Service of Process (600.1901...600.1974) › Section 600.1901 - Civil Action; Commencement; Filing of Complaint.

600.1901 Civil action; commencement; filing of complaint.
Sec. 1901.
A civil action is commenced by filing a complaint with the court.
History:
1961, Act 236, Eff. Jan. 1, 1963
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 › Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948) › 236-1961-19 - Chapter 19 Commencement of Action and Service of Process (600.1901...600.1974) › Section 600.1902 - “Victim” Defined; Civil Action Against Victim of Criminal Sexual Conduct or Assault With Intent to Commit Criminal Sexual Conduct; Dismissal; Period of Limitations; Applicability of Section.

600.1902 “Victim” defined; civil action against victim of criminal sexual conduct or assault with intent to commit criminal sexual conduct; dismissal; period of limitations; applicability of section.
Sec. 1902.
(1) As used in this section, "victim" means any 1 of the following:
(a) The person alleging to have been subjected to a crime described in subsection (2).
(b) The parent, guardian, or custodian of the person described in subdivision (a), if the person is less than 18 years of age.
(c) The parent, guardian, or custodian of the person described in subdivision (a), if the person is so mentally incapacitated that he or she cannot meaningfully understand or participate in the legal process.
(2) A defendant in a criminal action for criminal sexual conduct in any degree or assault with intent to commit criminal sexual conduct shall not commence or maintain a civil action against a victim of the crime for which the defendant is charged if both of the following circumstances exist:
(a) The criminal action is pending in a trial court of this state, of another state, or of the United States.
(b) The civil action is based upon statements or reports made by the victim that pertain to an incident from which the criminal action is derived.
(3) The court shall dismiss without prejudice a civil action commenced or maintained in violation of subsection (2).
(4) The period of limitations for the bringing of a civil action described in subsection (2) is tolled for the period of time during which the criminal action is pending in a trial court of this state, of another state, or of the United States.
(5) This section does not apply if the victim files a civil action based upon an incident from which the criminal action is derived against the defendant in the criminal action.
(6) This section shall apply only if the criminal action against the defendant is based upon a crime allegedly committed after the effective date of the amendatory act that added this section.
History:
Add. 1990, Act 28, Eff. Mar. 28, 1991
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 › Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948) › 236-1961-19 - Chapter 19 Commencement of Action and Service of Process (600.1901...600.1974) › Section 600.1905 - Summons; Issuance; Duplicate; Form; Contents; Amendment of Process or Proof of Service.

600.1905 Summons; issuance; duplicate; form; contents; amendment of process or proof of service.
Sec. 1905.
(1) Upon the filing of the complaint the clerk of the court in which the complaint is filed shall forthwith issue summons. Separate summons may issue against any defendant. Duplicate summons may be issued from time to time with like effect as the original summons.
(2) The form of all summons shall be "In the name of the people of the state of Michigan." The summons shall be under the seal of the court, contain the name of the court, the names of the parties and name of the court clerk, be directed to the defendant or defendants, state the name and address of the plaintiff's attorney, if any, otherwise the plaintiff's address, and the time within which these rules require the defendant to answer or take such other action as may be permitted by law, and shall notify the defendant that in case of his or her failure to do so judgment will be rendered against him or her for the relief demanded in the complaint.
(3) At any time and upon such terms as it deems just, the court may in its discretion allow any process or proof of service thereof to be amended, unless it clearly appears that material prejudice would result to the substantial rights of the party against whom the process issued.
History:
1961, Act 236, Eff. Jan. 1, 1963 ;-- Am. 1984, Act 109, Imd. Eff. May 24, 1984
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 › Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948) › 236-1961-19 - Chapter 19 Commencement of Action and Service of Process (600.1901...600.1974) › Section 600.1908 - Process; Persons to Make Service; Inapplicable to Orders Under the Extreme Risk Protection Order Act.

600.1908 Process; persons to make service; inapplicable to orders under the extreme risk protection order act.
Sec. 1908.
(1) Process in civil actions may be served by any person of suitable age and discretion who is not a party nor an officer of a corporate party.
(2) If service of process is to be made in the manner prescribed by section 1912 on a person in a governmental institution, hospital, or home, the service of process must be made by the person in charge of the institution or by a member of the staff of the institution.
(3) This section does not apply to service under the extreme risk protection order act.
History:
1961, Act 236, Eff. Jan. 1, 1963 ;-- Am. 2023, Act 35, Eff. Feb. 13, 2024
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 › Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948) › 236-1961-19 - Chapter 19 Commencement of Action and Service of Process (600.1901...600.1974) › Section 600.1910 - Proof of Service; Methods; Failure to Make Proof of Service.

600.1910 Proof of service; methods; failure to make proof of service.
Sec. 1910.
(1) Proof of service of process must be made by 1 of the following methods:
(a) Written acknowledgment of the receipt of a summons and a copy of the complaint, dated and signed by the person authorized under this act to receive them.
(b) A certificate, stating the facts of service, if service is made in this state by any of the following:
(i) A sheriff.
(ii) A deputy sheriff, medical examiner, court officer, or constable, or a deputy of any of these officers.
(c) If service is made by any other individual, a written statement of the facts of service that is signed and dated and verified by the following statement: "I declare under the penalty of perjury that this proof of service has been examined by me and that its contents are true to the best of my information, knowledge, and belief.".
(2) Failure to make proof of service does not affect the validity of the service.
History:
1961, Act 236, Eff. Jan. 1, 1963 ;-- Am. 1978, Act 317, Imd. Eff. July 10, 1978 ;-- Am. 1994, Act 403, Eff. Apr. 1, 1995 ;-- Am. 2022, Act 36, Eff. Mar. 29, 2023
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 › Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948) › 236-1961-19 - Chapter 19 Commencement of Action and Service of Process (600.1901...600.1974) › Section 600.1912 - Process; Personal Service on Individual.

600.1912 Process; personal service on individual.
Sec. 1912.
Service of process may be made upon an individual by leaving a summons and a copy of the complaint with the defendant personally.
History:
1961, Act 236, Eff. Jan. 1, 1963
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 › Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948) › 236-1961-19 - Chapter 19 Commencement of Action and Service of Process (600.1901...600.1974) › Section 600.1913 - Process; Substituted Service.

600.1913 Process; substituted service.
Sec. 1913.
(1) Service of process may be made,
(a) upon an individual nonresident defendant having any of the contacts, ties or relations with this state as specified in chapter 7 of this act, by service of a summons and a copy of the complaint upon such agent, employee, representative, salesman or servant of the defendant as may be found within the state, and by sending a summons and a copy of the complaint by registered mail addressed to the defendant at his last known address.
(b) upon an infant defendant, by leaving a summons and a copy of the complaint with a person having the care and control of him with whom he resides, or with his legal guardian, or
(c) upon a defendant who has been judicially declared incompetent and for whom a guardian has been appointed and is acting, by leaving a summons and a copy of the complaint with the guardian.
(2) If the individual defendant is in a state institution a copy of the complaint shall also be mailed to the attorney general.
History:
1961, Act 236, Eff. Jan. 1, 1963
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 › Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948) › 236-1961-19 - Chapter 19 Commencement of Action and Service of Process (600.1901...600.1974) › Section 600.1917 - Process; Service on Partnership or Limited Partnership.

600.1917 Process; service on partnership or limited partnership.
Sec. 1917.
Service of process upon a partnership or limited partnership may be made by
(1) leaving a summons and a copy of the complaint with any general partner personally, or
(2) leaving a summons and a copy of the complaint with a person in charge of a partnership office or business establishment at such office or place of business and sending a summons and a copy of the complaint by registered mail, addressed to any general partner at his usual place of abode or last known address.
History:
1961, Act 236, Eff. Jan. 1, 1963
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 › Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948) › 236-1961-19 - Chapter 19 Commencement of Action and Service of Process (600.1901...600.1974) › Section 600.1918 - Civil Action; Service of Process on Person Doing Business Under Assumed Name.

600.1918 Civil action; service of process on person doing business under assumed name.
Sec. 1918.
Process issued from any court of record against an individual doing business under an assumed name may be served upon the individual, or by leaving the process during regular office or business hours at the office or place of business of the individual with any person in charge thereof.
History:
Add. 1962, Act 187, Imd. Eff. May 24, 1962
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 › Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948) › 236-1961-19 - Chapter 19 Commencement of Action and Service of Process (600.1901...600.1974) › Section 600.1920 - Process; Service on Corporation; Insurers.

600.1920 Process; service on corporation; insurers.
Sec. 1920.
Service of process upon a corporation, whether domestic or foreign, may be made by
(1) leaving a summons and a copy of the complaint with any officer or the resident agent, or
(2) leaving a summons and a copy of the complaint with any director, trustee, or person in charge of any office or business establishment and sending a summons and a copy of the complaint by registered mail, addressed to the principal office of the corporation, or
(3) leaving a summons and a copy of the complaint with any of the persons who may have been the last presiding officer, president, cashier, secretary, or treasurer, in the case of any corporation which may have ceased to do business by failing to keep up its organization by the appointment of officers or otherwise, or whose term of existence may have expired by limitation, or
(4) mailing a summons and a copy of the complaint by registered mail to the corporation or an appropriate corporation officer and to the Michigan corporation and securities commission if:
(a) the corporation has failed to appoint and maintain a resident agent or to file a certificate of such appointment as by law required; or
(b) the corporation has failed to keep up its organization by the appointment of officers or otherwise, or the term of whose existence has expired by limitation.
In all cases in which an insurer is a defendant, service shall not be made by leaving a summons and a copy of the complaint with a resident agent; and in cases in which a defendant is a foreign insurer, 2 summonses and a copy of the complaint shall be delivered to or mailed to the office of the commissioner of insurance by registered mail.
History:
1961, Act 236, Eff. Jan. 1, 1963
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 › Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948) › 236-1961-19 - Chapter 19 Commencement of Action and Service of Process (600.1901...600.1974) › Section 600.1923 - Process; Service on Partnership Association or Unincorporated Voluntary Association.

600.1923 Process; service on partnership association or unincorporated voluntary association.
Sec. 1923.
Service of process upon a partnership association or unincorporated voluntary association may be made by leaving a summons and a copy of the complaint with any officer, director, trustee, agent, or person in charge of an office or business establishment, and sending a summons and a copy of the complaint by registered mail, addressed to any office of the partnership association or unincorporated voluntary association. If no office can be found, a summons and a copy of the complaint shall be mailed by registered mail to a member of such association other than the person with whom a summons and complaint was left.
History:
1961, Act 236, Eff. Jan. 1, 1963
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 › Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948) › 236-1961-19 - Chapter 19 Commencement of Action and Service of Process (600.1901...600.1974) › Section 600.1925 - Process; Service on Public, Municipal or Governmental Corporation, Boards, or Bodies.

600.1925 Process; service on public, municipal or governmental corporation, boards, or bodies.
Sec. 1925.
Service of process upon public, municipal, quasi-municipal, or governmental corporations, unincorporated boards, or public bodies, may be made by leaving a summons and a copy of the complaint with
(1) the chairman of the board of supervisors or the county clerk, in the case of counties;
(2) the mayor, city clerk, or city attorney, in the case of cities;
(3) the president or village clerk, or in their absence with any of the trustees, in the case of villages;
(4) the supervisor or township clerk, in the case of townships;
(5) the president, secretary, or treasurer, in the case of school districts;
(6) the president or secretary, in the case of the state board of education;
(7) the president, secretary, or other member of the governing body, in the case of any corporate body or unincorporated board, now or hereafter having charge or control of any state institution;
(8) The president, chairman, secretary, manager, or clerk, in the case of any other public body organized or existing under the constitution or any law of this state, when by statute no other method of service is specially provided.
The service of process may be made on any officer having substantially the same duties as those named or described irrespective of their titles. In any case, service may be made by leaving a summons and a copy of the complaint with a person in charge of the office of any of the above-described officers upon whom service may be made and sending by registered mail a summons and a copy of the complaint addressed to such officer at his office.
History:
1961, Act 236, Eff. Jan. 1, 1963
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 › Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948) › 236-1961-19 - Chapter 19 Commencement of Action and Service of Process (600.1901...600.1974) › Section 600.1930 - Process; Service on Individual's Agent or Public Officer.

600.1930 Process; service on individual's agent or public officer.
Sec. 1930.
Service of process upon any defendant may be made by leaving a summons and a copy of the complaint with an agent authorized by written appointment or by law to receive service of process. Whenever, pursuant to statute, service of process is to be made on a nongovernmental defendant by service on a public officer, the service on the public officer may be made by registered mail addressed to his office.
History:
1961, Act 236, Eff. Jan. 1, 1963
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 › Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948) › 236-1961-19 - Chapter 19 Commencement of Action and Service of Process (600.1901...600.1974) › Section 600.1940 - Process; Personal Jurisdiction Not Required; Service of Process.

600.1940 Process; personal jurisdiction not required; service of process.
Sec. 1940.
In all civil actions in which personal jurisdiction over a defendant is not required, the court may order the defendant to answer or take such other action as may be permitted by law. The order shall be made after the plaintiff, his attorney, or an agent having knowledge of the facts files an affidavit dated not more than 10 days prior thereto showing 1 or more of the following facts:
(1) the defendant resides outside the state;
(2) the whereabouts of the defendant and his residence are unknown;
(3) a summons has been returned showing that service of process cannot be made in the county where the action is pending.
Every such affidavit shall state either the defendant's address, the defendant's last known address, or that no address of the defendant is known.
History:
1961, Act 236, Eff. Jan. 1, 1963
2023 Michigan Compiled Laws › Chapter 600 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 › Act 236 of 1961 - Revised Judicature Act of 1961 (600.101 - 600.9948) › 236-1961-19 - Chapter 19 Commencement of Action and Service of Process (600.1901...600.1974) › Section 600.1945 - Process; Order for Substituted Service; Contents; Unknown Defendants.

600.1945 Process; order for substituted service; contents; unknown defendants.
Sec. 1945.
The order shall contain the name of the court, the names of the parties, directions as to where and when to answer or take such other action as may be permitted by law, a statement describing the nature of the proceedings, and a statement as to the effect of failure to take the indicated steps. If the names of some or all of the defendants are unknown, the order shall describe the relationship of the unknown defendants to the matter to be litigated in the best way possible, as for example, unknown claimant, unknown owners, unknown heirs, devisees, legatees, or assigns of a named person.
History:
1961, Act 236, Eff. Jan. 1, 1963