reglab/statecodes huggingface dataset:
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 3 - Driving on Right Side of Roadway; Overtaking and Passing; Use of Roadway › Section 21-309 - Driving on Laned Roadways

(a)    On any roadway that is divided into two or more clearly marked lanes for vehicular traffic, the following rules, in addition to any others consistent with them, apply.
(b)    A vehicle shall be driven as nearly as practicable entirely within a single lane and may not be moved from that lane or moved from a shoulder or bikeway into a lane until the driver has determined that it is safe to do so.
(c)    On a roadway that is divided into three lanes and that provides for two-way movement of traffic, a vehicle may not be driven in the center lane except:
(1)    While overtaking and passing another vehicle going in the same direction and while the center lane is clear of traffic within a safe distance;
(2)    In preparing to make a left turn; or
(3)    When the center lane is allocated exclusively to traffic moving in the same direction that the vehicle is going and the allocation is designated by a traffic control device.
(d)    The driver of a vehicle shall obey the directions of each traffic control device that directs specified traffic to use a designated lane or that designates those lanes to be used by traffic moving in a particular direction, regardless of the center of the roadway.
(e)    The driver of a vehicle shall obey the directions of each traffic control device that prohibits changing lanes on sections of a roadway.
(f)    On a roadway that has two or more lanes for traffic moving in the same direction, the driver of any truck, truck tractor, trailer, or bus shall obey the directions of each traffic control device that requires the vehicle to be driven in a certain lane.
(g)    On a roadway along which a two-way left turn lane has been provided through traffic control devices, vehicles may not enter that lane except when preparing for or making a left turn from or into the roadway or when preparing for or making a U-turn, and may enter only if the lane is clear of an opposing movement.
(h)    A vehicle shall be driven within a lane described under subsection (g) of this section the shortest distance practicable prior to making a left turn or U-turn or after making a left turn.
(i)    On roadways along which a two-way left turn lane has been placed, left turns shall be made only from within such lane.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 3 - Driving on Right Side of Roadway; Overtaking and Passing; Use of Roadway › Section 21-310 - Following Too Closely

(a)    The driver of a motor vehicle may not follow another vehicle more closely than is reasonable and prudent, having due regard for the speed of the other vehicle and of the traffic on and the condition of the highway.
(b)    Subject to the provisions of subsection (d) of this section, whenever conditions permit, the driver of every truck, while traveling on a roadway outside of a business district or a residential district and following any other truck or any other motor vehicle towing another vehicle, shall leave enough space so that an overtaking vehicle may enter and occupy the space without danger.
(c)    Subject to the provisions of subsection (d) of this section, whenever conditions permit, the driver of every motor vehicle towing another vehicle, while traveling on a roadway outside of a business district or a residential district and following any other truck or any other motor vehicle towing another vehicle, shall leave enough space so that an overtaking vehicle may enter and occupy the space without danger.
(d)    A truck or a motor vehicle towing another vehicle may overtake and pass any other vehicle or combination of vehicles.
(e)    (1)    This subsection does not apply to a funeral procession.
(2)    A motor vehicle being driven on a roadway outside of a business district or a residential district in a caravan or motorcade, whether or not towing another vehicle, shall be driven to allow enough space between each two vehicles or combination of vehicles so that any other vehicle may enter and occupy the space without danger.
(f)    (1)    Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, the driver of a nonlead truck in a group of trucks may travel without leaving enough space so that an overtaking vehicle may enter and occupy the space between the trucks if the trucks are:
(i)    Traveling in a unified manner with electronically coordinated speed and braking systems; and
(ii)    Operating in a reasonable and prudent manner with due regard for the speed of any other vehicles and of the traffic on and the condition of the highway.
(2)    The Administration shall adopt regulations to carry out this subsection, including regulations governing:
(i)    The number of trucks allowed in a group operating in a unified manner;
(ii)    The roadway conditions under which trucks may be operated in a unified manner;
(iii)    The required submission of a plan of operation by a person operating a truck in a unified manner; and
(iv)    The submission of any other information as required by the Administration for the purpose of evaluating safety issues relevant to the operation of trucks in a unified manner.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 3 - Driving on Right Side of Roadway; Overtaking and Passing; Use of Roadway › Section 21-311 - Driving on Divided Highways

On any divided highway:
(1)    A vehicle may be driven only on the right-hand roadway, unless directed or permitted to use another roadway by a traffic control device or a police officer;
(2)    A vehicle may not be driven over, across, or within the dividing space, barrier, or section except, unless specifically prohibited by public authority, through an opening in the space, barrier, or section or at a crossover or intersection; and
(3)    A vehicle may not be driven on the median strip, unless permitted to do so by public authority.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 3 - Driving on Right Side of Roadway; Overtaking and Passing; Use of Roadway › Section 21-312 - Entering or Leaving Controlled Access Highways

(a)    A person may not drive a vehicle onto any controlled access highway except at the entrances and exits established by public authority.
(b)    A person may not drive a vehicle from any controlled access highway except at the entrances and exits established by public authority.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 3 - Driving on Right Side of Roadway; Overtaking and Passing; Use of Roadway › Section 21-313 - Restrictions on Use of Controlled Access Highways

(a)    The State Highway Administration, by order, or any local authority, by ordinance, may prohibit the use of any controlled access highway in its jurisdiction by parades, low speed vehicles, funeral processions, bicycles, or other nonmotorized traffic or by any person operating a motorcycle.
(b)    The County Commissioners of Charles County and Washington County and the governing body of Frederick County, by ordinance, may prohibit the use of any controlled access highway in the county’s jurisdiction by any person to solicit money, donations of any kind, employment, business, or a ride from the occupant of any vehicle on the controlled access highway.
(c)    The State Highway Administration or the local authority adopting any prohibition under this section shall place and maintain signs on the controlled access highway to which the prohibition is applicable. If signs are so placed, a person may not disobey the restrictions stated on them.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 3 - Driving on Right Side of Roadway; Overtaking and Passing; Use of Roadway › Section 21-314 - Use of High Occupancy Vehicle (Hov) Lanes

(a)    In this section, “HOV lane” means a high occupancy vehicle lane, the use of which is restricted by a traffic control device during specified times to vehicles carrying at least a specified number of occupants.
(b)    Except as provided in subsection (c) of this section, a person may not drive a vehicle in an HOV lane unless authorized by a traffic control device.
(c)    The following vehicles may be driven in an HOV lane at all times regardless of the number of passengers in or on the vehicle:
(1)    A bus;
(2)    A motorcycle;
(3)    A plug–in electric drive vehicle displaying a valid permit issued under § 25–108 of this article; and
(4)    A tow truck that is properly registered in accordance with § 13–920 of this article and is using any visual signal that meets the requirements of § 22–218 of this article while responding to a call for service if an appropriate law enforcement agency has authorized the tow truck operator to use HOV lanes.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 4 - Right-of-Way › Section 21-401 - Vehicle at Intersection

Except at through highways, or as otherwise provided in this subtitle, a vehicle at an intersection:
(1)    Has the right-of-way over any other vehicle approaching from the left; and
(2)    Shall yield the right-of-way to any other vehicle approaching from the right.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 4 - Right-of-Way › Section 21-401.1 - "T" Intersection Without Traffic Control Device

At a “T” intersection with no traffic control device, any person driving a vehicle on a highway that intersects but does not cross the other highway shall yield the right–of–way to any vehicle traveling on the other highway.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 4 - Right-of-Way › Section 21-402 - Vehicle Turning Left or Making U-Turn

(a)    If the driver of a vehicle intends to turn to the left in an intersection or into an alley or a private road or driveway, the driver shall yield the right-of-way to any other vehicle that is approaching from the opposite direction and is in the intersection or so near to it as to be an immediate danger.
(b)    If the driver of a vehicle intends to turn to go in the opposite direction, the driver shall yield the right-of-way to any approaching vehicle that is so near as to be an immediate danger.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 4 - Right-of-Way › Section 21-403 - Vehicle Entering Stop or Yield Intersection or Through Highway

(a)    Preferential right-of-way at an intersection may be indicated by stop signs or yield signs placed in accordance with the Maryland Vehicle Law.
(b)    If the driver of a vehicle approaches a through highway, the driver shall:
(1)    Stop at the entrance to the through highway; and
(2)    Yield the right-of-way to any other vehicle approaching on the through highway.
(c)    If a stop sign is placed at the entrance to an intersecting highway, even if the intersecting highway is not part of a through highway, the driver of a vehicle approaching the intersecting highway shall:
(1)    Stop in obedience to the stop sign; and
(2)    Yield the right-of-way to any other vehicle approaching on the intersecting highway.
(d)    If a “yield” sign facing the driver of a vehicle is placed on the approach to an intersection, the driver shall:
(1)    Approach the intersection with caution;
(2)    Yield the right-of-way to any other vehicle approaching on the other highway; and
(3)    If necessary, stop in order to yield this right-of-way.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 4 - Right-of-Way › Section 21-404 - Vehicle Entering Highway From Other Than a Highway; Vehicle Entering Paved Highway From Unpaved Highway

(a)    The driver of a vehicle about to enter or cross a highway from a private road or driveway or from any other place that is not a highway shall stop.
(b)    The driver of a vehicle about to enter or cross a highway from a private road or driveway or from any other place that is not a highway shall yield the right-of-way to any other vehicle approaching on the highway.
(c)    In this section, “paved highway” means a highway that has a hard, smooth surface of gravel, shells, crushed stone, paving blocks, asphalt, concrete, or other similar substance.
(d)    The driver of a vehicle about to enter or cross a paved highway from an unpaved highway shall stop.
(e)    The driver of a vehicle about to enter or cross a paved highway from an unpaved highway shall yield the right-of-way to any other vehicle approaching on the paved highway.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 4 - Right-of-Way › Section 21-404.1 - Vehicle Entering Highway From Crossover

(a)    The driver of a vehicle about to enter or cross any other part of a highway from a crossover, whether or not sign posted, shall yield the right-of-way to any other vehicle approaching on that part of the highway.
(b)    The approach to and method of making a left turn at a crossover shall be made as required by § 21-601(b) and (c) of this title.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 4 - Right-of-Way › Section 21-406 - Violation of Subtitle Contributing to Accident Resulting in Death or Serious Bodily Injury Prohibited

(a)    A person may not commit a violation of this subtitle that contributes to an accident that results in the death or, as defined in § 20–102(c) of this article, serious bodily injury of another person.
(b)    (1)    A person convicted of a violation of this section is subject to a fine not exceeding $1,000.
(2)    (i)    The Administration may suspend the license of a person convicted of a violation of this section for a period not exceeding 180 days.
(ii)    In accordance with Title 12, Subtitle 2 of this article, a licensee may request a hearing on a license suspension imposed under this paragraph.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 5 - Pedestrians' Rights and Rules › Section 21-501 - Pedestrians Subject to Traffic Regulations

At an intersection, a pedestrian is subject to all traffic control signals, as provided in §§ 21-202 and 21-203 of this title. However, at any other place, a pedestrian has the rights and is subject to the restrictions stated in this title.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 5 - Pedestrians' Rights and Rules › Section 21-501.1 - Person Using Epamd or Wheelchair Subject to Traffic Regulations

(a)    At an intersection, a person using an EPAMD or a personal delivery device, as defined in § 21–104.5 of this title, is subject to all traffic control signals, as provided in §§ 21–202 and 21–203 of this title. However, at any other place, a person using an EPAMD or a personal delivery device has the rights and is subject to the restrictions applicable to pedestrians under this title.
(b)    At an intersection, a person using a wheelchair is subject to all traffic control signals, as provided in §§ 21–202 and 21–203 of this title. However, at any other place, a person using a wheelchair has the rights and is subject to the restrictions applicable to pedestrians under this title.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 5 - Pedestrians' Rights and Rules › Section 21-502 - Pedestrians' Right-of-Way in Crosswalks

(a)    (1)    This subsection does not apply where:
(i)    A pedestrian tunnel or overhead pedestrian crossing is provided, as described in § 21–503(b) of this subtitle; or
(ii)    A traffic control signal is in operation.
(2)    The driver of a vehicle shall come to a stop when a pedestrian crossing the roadway in a crosswalk is:
(i)    On the half of the roadway on which the vehicle is traveling; or
(ii)    Approaching from an adjacent lane on the other half of the roadway.
(b)    A pedestrian may not suddenly leave a curb or other place of safety and walk or run into the path of a vehicle which is so close that it is impossible for the driver to yield.
(c)    If, at a marked crosswalk or at an unmarked crosswalk at an intersection, a vehicle is stopped to let a pedestrian cross the roadway, the driver of any other vehicle approaching from the rear may not overtake and pass the stopped vehicle.
(d)    A person may not commit a violation of subsection (a) or (c) of this section that contributes to an accident.
(e)    A person convicted of a violation of subsection (d) of this section is subject to imprisonment not exceeding 2 months or a fine not exceeding $1,000 or both.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 5 - Pedestrians' Rights and Rules › Section 21-502.1 - Pedestrian Safety Fund

(a)    In this section, “Fund” means the Pedestrian Safety Fund.
(b)    There is a Pedestrian Safety Fund.
(c)    The Secretary shall administer the Fund.
(d)    (1)    The Fund is a special, nonlapsing fund which is not subject to § 7–302 of the State Finance and Procurement Article.
(2)    The State Treasurer shall hold the Fund separately, and the Comptroller shall account for the Fund.
(e)    The Fund consists of:
(1)    The fines collected under § 21–502(e) of this subtitle;
(2)    Money appropriated in the State budget for the Fund;
(3)    Any interest earnings of the Fund; and
(4)    Any other money from any source accepted for the benefit of the Fund.
(f)    The Fund may be used only for enhancing the safety and quality of pedestrian and bicycle transportation, including:
(1)    Developing and providing educational programming for bicyclists, motorists, and pedestrians that raises awareness of their joint responsibility to follow the rules of the road;
(2)    Physical design changes that calm traffic, minimize conflicts among street users, and protect bicyclists, motorists, and pedestrians, including design changes such as:
(i)    Lane narrowing;
(ii)    Establishment of bicycle ways;
(iii)    Sidewalk construction;
(iv)    Pedestrian control signal upgrades;
(v)    Speed bumps;
(vi)    Curb extensions; and
(vii)    Safety zones; and
(3)    Increasing enforcement of existing rules of the road, such as by using radar speed display signs in areas where pedestrian crashes have occurred.
(g)    (1)    The Treasurer shall invest the money of the Fund in the same manner as other State money may be invested.
(2)    Any investment earnings of the Fund shall be credited to the Fund.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 5 - Pedestrians' Rights and Rules › Section 21-503 - Crossing at Other Than Crosswalks

(a)    If a pedestrian crosses a roadway at any point other than in a marked crosswalk or in an unmarked crosswalk at an intersection, the pedestrian shall yield the right-of-way to any vehicle approaching on the roadway.
(b)    If a pedestrian crosses a roadway at a point where a pedestrian tunnel or overhead pedestrian crossing is provided, the pedestrian shall yield the right-of-way to any vehicle approaching on the roadway.
(c)    Between adjacent intersections at which a traffic control signal is in operation, a pedestrian may cross a roadway only in a marked crosswalk.
(d)    A pedestrian may not cross a roadway intersection diagonally unless authorized by a traffic control device for crossing movements. If authorized to cross diagonally, a pedestrian may cross only in accordance with the traffic control device.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 5 - Pedestrians' Rights and Rules › Section 21-504 - Drivers to Exercise Due Care

(a)    Notwithstanding any other provision of this title, the driver of a vehicle shall exercise due care to avoid colliding with any pedestrian.
(b)    Notwithstanding any other provision of this title, the driver of a vehicle shall, if necessary, warn any pedestrian by sounding the horn of the vehicle.
(c)    Notwithstanding any other provision of this title, the driver of a vehicle shall exercise proper precaution on observing any child or any obviously confused or incapacitated individual.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 5 - Pedestrians' Rights and Rules › Section 21-506 - Pedestrians on Roadways

(a)    Where a sidewalk is provided, a pedestrian may not walk along and on an adjacent roadway.
(b)    Where a sidewalk is not provided, a pedestrian who walks along and on a highway may walk only on the left shoulder, if practicable, or on the left side of the roadway, as near as practicable to the edge of the roadway, facing any traffic that might approach from the opposite direction.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 5 - Pedestrians' Rights and Rules › Section 21-509 - Controlled Access Highways

(a)    Except as provided in subsection (j) of this section, a pedestrian may not walk along a controlled access highway.
(b)    Except as provided in subsection (j) of this section, a pedestrian may not walk on a controlled access highway.
(c)    Except as provided in subsection (j) of this section, a pedestrian may not walk along a ramp leading to or from a controlled access highway.
(d)    Except as provided in subsection (j) of this section, a pedestrian may not walk on a ramp leading to or from a controlled access highway.
(e)    Except as provided in subsection (j) of this section, a pedestrian may not walk along an access road leading to or from a controlled access highway.
(f)    Except as provided in subsection (j) of this section, a pedestrian may not walk on an access road leading to or from a controlled access highway.
(g)    Except as provided in subsection (j) of this section, a person may not leave any vehicle that is on a controlled access highway.
(h)    Except as provided in subsection (j) of this section, a person may not leave any vehicle that is on a ramp leading to or from a controlled access highway.
(i)    Except as provided in subsection (j) of this section, a person may not leave any vehicle that is on an access road leading to or from a controlled access highway.
(j)    This section does not apply to a person if an emergency prevents the movement of a vehicle in which he is riding and the person goes only to the nearest telephone or other source of assistance, nor to a person boarding or leaving a bus within a bus stop approved by the State Highway Administration.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 5 - Pedestrians' Rights and Rules › Section 21-510 - Pedestrians to Yield Right-of-Way to Emergency Vehicles

(a)    A pedestrian who crosses a roadway shall yield the right-of-way to any approaching emergency vehicle that is using audible and visual signals that meet the requirements of § 22-218 of this article.
(b)    A pedestrian who crosses a roadway shall yield the right-of-way to any approaching police vehicle that is lawfully using an audible signal.
(c)    This section does not relieve the driver of an emergency vehicle from the duty to drive with due regard for the safety of all persons.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 5 - Pedestrians' Rights and Rules › Section 21-511 - Right-of-Way of Blind or Deaf Pedestrians

(a)    The driver of a vehicle shall yield the right-of-way to:
(1)    A blind or partially blind pedestrian using a guide dog or carrying a cane predominantly white or metallic in color (with or without a red tip);
(2)    A deaf or hearing impaired pedestrian accompanied by a guide dog; or
(3)    A mobility impaired individual crossing a roadway while using any of the following mobility-assisted devices:
(i)    A manual or motorized wheelchair;
(ii)    A motorized scooter;
(iii)    Crutches; or
(iv)    A cane.
(b)    A person who is not blind or partially blind may not use or carry a white cane, a cane that is white tipped with red, or a chrome, nickel, aluminum, or other reflecting or shining metal cane, in the manner described in subsection (a)(1) of this section.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 6 - Turning and Starting; Signals on Stopping, Turning, and Starting › Section 21-601 - Required Position and Method of Turning at Intersections or Crossovers

(a)    If the driver of a vehicle intends to turn right at any intersection, he shall approach the intersection and make the right turn as close as practicable to the right-hand curb or edge of the roadway.
(b)    If the driver of a vehicle intends to turn left at any intersection or crossover, he shall approach the intersection or crossover in the extreme left-hand lane lawfully available to traffic moving in the same direction.
(c)    If the driver of a vehicle intends to turn left at any intersection or crossover, the driver shall, after entering the intersection or crossover, make the left turn so as to leave the intersection in a lane lawfully available to traffic moving in the same direction on the roadway being entered.
(d)    (1)    The State Highway Administration or any local authority may place a traffic control device at or near any intersection in its jurisdiction and, with it, direct that vehicles turning at the intersection travel a course different from one specified in this section.
(2)    At an intersection where a traffic control device is placed under this subsection, the driver of a vehicle may not turn otherwise than as directed by the device.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 6 - Turning and Starting; Signals on Stopping, Turning, and Starting › Section 21-602 - U-Turn on Curve or Crest of Grade Prohibited

(a)    The driver of a vehicle on any curve may not turn to go in the opposite direction if the vehicle cannot be seen by the driver of any other vehicle that is within 500 feet and approaching from either direction.
(b)    The driver of a vehicle on or approaching the crest of any grade may not turn to go in the opposite direction if the vehicle cannot be seen by the driver of any other vehicle that is within 500 feet and approaching from either direction.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 6 - Turning and Starting; Signals on Stopping, Turning, and Starting › Section 21-603 - Starting Vehicle

(a)    A person may not start a vehicle that is stopped, standing, or parked until the movement can be made with reasonable safety.
(b)    A person may not start a vehicle that is stopped, standing, or parked until, if any other vehicle might be affected by the movement, he gives an adequate signal to approaching traffic.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 6 - Turning and Starting; Signals on Stopping, Turning, and Starting › Section 21-604 - Turning, Slowing, and Stopping Movements; Required Signals

(a)    A person may not turn a vehicle at an intersection, unless the vehicle is in the position required by § 21-601 of this subtitle.
(b)    A person may not turn a vehicle to enter a private road or driveway or otherwise turn a vehicle from a direct course or move it right or left on a roadway or from a shoulder or bikeway onto a roadway, unless the movement can be made with reasonable safety.
(c)    A person may not, if any other vehicle might be affected by the movement, turn a vehicle until he gives an appropriate signal in the manner required by this subtitle.
(d)    When required, a signal of intention to turn right or left shall be given continuously during at least the last 100 feet traveled by the vehicle before turning; except that a bicyclist may interrupt the turning signal to maintain control of the bicycle.
(e)    If there is an opportunity to signal, a person may not stop or suddenly decrease the speed of a vehicle until he gives an appropriate signal in the manner required by this subtitle to the driver of any other vehicle immediately to the rear.
(f)    The signals provided for in § 21-605(b) and (c) of this subtitle:
(1)    May be used to indicate an intention to turn, change lanes, or start from a stopped, standing, or parked position; and
(2)    May not be flashed as a courtesy or “do pass” signal to the driver of any other vehicle approaching from the rear.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 6 - Turning and Starting; Signals on Stopping, Turning, and Starting › Section 21-605 - Signals by Hand and Arm or Signal Lamps

(a)    Except as provided in subsections (b) and (c) of this section, each required stop or turn signal shall be given:
(1)    By hand and arm in conformity with § 21-606 of this subtitle; or
(2)    By signal lamps.
(b)    Each motor vehicle in use on a highway shall be equipped with and the required signal given by signal lamps, if the distance from the center of the top of the steering post to the left outside limit of the body, cab, or load of the vehicle is more than 24 inches.
(c)    Each motor vehicle in use on a highway shall be equipped with and the required signal given by signal lamps if, for any vehicle or combination of vehicles, the distance from the center of the top of the steering post to the rear limit of the body or load is more than 14 feet.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 6 - Turning and Starting; Signals on Stopping, Turning, and Starting › Section 21-606 - Method of Giving Hand and Arm Signals

(a)    Except as otherwise provided, each required signal given by hand and arm shall be given from the left side of the vehicle in the manner specified in this section.
(b)    A left turn signal is given by the hand and arm extended horizontally.
(c)    A right turn signal is given by the hand and arm extended upward; except that a bicyclist may extend the right hand and arm horizontally to the right.
(d)    A stop or decrease in speed signal is given by the hand and arm extended downward.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 7 - Special Stops Required › Section 21-701 - Obedience to Signal Indicating Approach or Passage of Train

(a)    (1)    If the driver of a vehicle approaches a railroad grade crossing under any of the circumstances stated in paragraph (2) of this subsection, the driver:
(i)    Shall stop within 50 feet but not less than 15 feet from the nearest rail in the crossing; and
(ii)    May not proceed until he can do so safely.
(2)    The requirements of this subsection apply if:
(i)    A clearly visible electric or mechanical signal device warns of the immediate approach or passage of a railroad train;
(ii)    A crossing gate is lowered;
(iii)    A flagman signals the approach or passage of a railroad train;
(iv)    A railroad train approaching within 1,500 feet of the crossing gives a signal audible to traffic approaching the crossing and the railroad train, because of its speed or nearness to the crossing, is an immediate danger; or
(v)    A railroad train is plainly visible and is in or is approaching dangerously near to the crossing.
(b)    A person may not drive any vehicle through, around, or under any crossing gate or barrier at a railroad grade crossing while the gate or barrier is closed or is being opened or closed.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 7 - Special Stops Required › Section 21-702 - All Vehicles to Stop at Certain Railroad Crossings

(a)    The State Highway Administration and any local authority with the approval of the State Highway Administration may place a stop sign at any railroad grade crossing of a highway that the local authority or State Highway Administration designates as a particularly dangerous crossing.
(b)    If the driver of a vehicle approaches the stop sign, the driver:
(1)    Shall stop within 50 feet but not less than 15 feet from the nearest rail in the crossing; and
(2)    May proceed only on exercising due care.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 7 - Special Stops Required › Section 21-703 - Certain Vehicles to Stop at All Railroad Crossings

(a)    Except as provided in subsection (g) of this section, this section applies to:
(1)    Every motor vehicle carrying a passenger for hire;
(2)    Every school vehicle carrying any passenger;
(3)    Every bus that is owned or operated by a church and carrying any passenger;
(4)    Every vehicle carrying as cargo a flammable liquid or an explosive; and
(5)    Every vehicle carrying hazardous materials of a type and quantity requiring placarding under federal hazardous materials regulations.
(b)    If the driver of any vehicle described in subsection (a) of this section approaches a railroad grade crossing, the driver shall stop within 50 feet but not less than 15 feet from the nearest rail in the crossing.
(c)    If the driver of any vehicle described in subsection (a) of this section approaches a railroad grade crossing, the driver, while stopped, shall listen and look in both directions along the track for any approaching or passing railroad train and for any signals indicating the approach or passage of a railroad train.
(d)    If the driver of any vehicle described in subsection (a) of this section approaches a railroad grade crossing, the driver may not proceed until he can do so safely.
(e)    If the driver of any vehicle described in subsection (a) of this section approaches a railroad grade crossing, the driver may proceed only in that gear of the vehicle in which it will be unnecessary to shift gears manually while passing through the crossing.
(f)    If the driver of any vehicle described in subsection (a) of this section approaches a railroad grade crossing, the driver may not shift gears manually while passing over any track of the railroad.
(g)    (1)    This section does not apply to the vehicles described in subsection (a)(1), (4), and (5) of this section, at any railroad grade crossing in a business district or residential district.
(2)    This section does not apply to school buses and church buses, as described in subsection (a)(2) and (3) of this section, at locations within Baltimore City where complying with the provision of this section would conflict with the existing traffic signal indications.
(3)    This section does not apply to the vehicles described in subsection (a) of this section, at any railroad grade crossing with an exempt highway–rail grade crossing plaque.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 7 - Special Stops Required › Section 21-703.1 - Procedure Upon Approaching a Railroad Crossing

Unless otherwise provided in this subtitle, upon approaching a railroad grade crossing, the operator of every commercial motor vehicle shall:
(1)    Slow down and check that the tracks are clear of an approaching train;
(2)    Stop before reaching the crossing, if the tracks are not clear;
(3)    Attempt to negotiate the crossing only if the crossing and the roadway beyond the crossing are sufficiently clear of other traffic so that the driver can drive completely through and clear of the crossing without stopping;
(4)    Obey a traffic control device or the directions of a police officer at the crossing; and
(5)    Attempt to negotiate the crossing only if the vehicle has sufficient undercarriage clearance.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 7 - Special Stops Required › Section 21-704 - Moving Heavy Equipment at Railroad Crossings

(a)    Unless a person has complied with this section, he may not drive or move on or across any railroad grade crossing any power shovel, derrick, roller, crawler–type tractor, or other equipment or structure that has:
(1)    A normal operating speed of 10 miles per hour or less; or
(2)    A vertical body or load clearance, measured above the level surface of a roadway, of less than:
(i)    One–half inch for each foot of the distance between any two adjacent axles; or
(ii)    9 inches.
(b)    Before any person drives or moves any equipment described in subsection (a) of this section on or across any railroad grade crossing, the person shall:
(1)    Notify an agent of the railroad of his intention; and
(2)    Afford the railroad reasonable time to provide proper protection at the crossing.
(c)    When the person approaches the crossing, he:
(1)    Shall stop within 50 feet but not less than 15 feet from the nearest rail in the crossing;
(2)    While stopped, shall listen and look in both directions along the track for any approaching or passing railroad train and for any signals indicating the approach or passage of a railroad train; and
(3)    May not proceed until he can do so safely.
(d)    (1)    The person may not proceed if a warning is given by an automatic signal, crossing gate, flagman, or otherwise of the immediate approach or passage of a railroad train.
(2)    If the railroad provides a flagman, the person may proceed over the crossing only at the direction of the flagman.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 7 - Special Stops Required › Section 21-705 - Emerging From and Entering Alley, Driveway, or Building

(a)    The driver of a vehicle emerging from an alley, driveway, or building shall stop immediately before driving onto a sidewalk or onto the sidewalk area that extends across the alley, driveway, or building exit.
(b)    The driver of a vehicle emerging from an alley, driveway, or building shall yield the right-of-way to any pedestrian.
(c)    The driver of a vehicle emerging from an alley, driveway, or building shall on entering the roadway, yield the right-of-way to any other vehicle approaching on the roadway.
(d)    The driver of a vehicle entering an alley, driveway, or building shall yield the right-of-way to any pedestrian.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 7 - Special Stops Required › Section 21-706 - Overtaking and Passing School Vehicle

(a)    If a school vehicle has stopped on a roadway and is operating the alternately flashing red lights specified in § 22–228 of this article, the driver of any other vehicle meeting or overtaking the school vehicle shall stop at least 20 feet from the rear of the school vehicle, if approaching the school vehicle from its rear, or at least 20 feet from the front of the school vehicle, if approaching the school vehicle from its front.
(b)    If a school vehicle has stopped on a roadway and is operating the alternately flashing red lights specified in § 22–228 of this article, the driver of any other vehicle meeting or overtaking the school vehicle may not proceed until the school vehicle resumes motion or the alternately flashing red lights are deactivated.
(c)    This section does not apply to the driver of a vehicle on a divided highway, if the school vehicle is on a different roadway.�
(d)    A person convicted of a violation of this section is subject to a fine not exceeding $1,000.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 7 - Special Stops Required › Section 21-707 - Stop Signs and Yield Signs

(a)    Unless otherwise directed by a police officer or traffic control signal, the driver of a vehicle approaching a stop sign at an intersection shall stop at the near side of the intersection at a clearly marked stop line.
(b)    Unless otherwise directed by a police officer or traffic control signal, the driver of a vehicle approaching a stop sign at an intersection shall stop at the near side of the intersection and, if there is no clearly marked stop line, before entering any crosswalk.
(c)    Unless otherwise directed by a police officer or traffic control signal, the driver of a vehicle approaching a stop sign at an intersection shall stop at the near side of an intersection and, if there is no crosswalk, at the nearest point before entering the intersection that gives the driver a view of traffic approaching on the intersecting roadway.
(d)    The driver of a vehicle approaching a yield sign at an intersection, if required for safety to stop, shall stop at the near side of the intersection at a clearly marked stop line.
(e)    The driver of a vehicle approaching a yield sign at an intersection, if required for safety to stop, shall stop at the near side of the intersection and, if there is no clearly marked stop line, before entering any crosswalk.
(f)    The driver of a vehicle approaching a yield sign at an intersection, if required for safety to stop, shall stop at the near side of the intersection and, if there is no crosswalk, at the nearest point before entering the intersection that gives the driver a view of traffic approaching on the intersecting roadway.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 7 - Special Stops Required › Section 21-708 - Livestock Crossings

(a)    At the request of any farmer whose land is divided by a highway and who regularly drives livestock across the highway, the State Highway Administration may place a sign at approximately 500 feet from each side of the crossing, giving notice of the presence of the crossing.
(b)    If livestock are being driven across the highway at the crossing, the driver of a vehicle between the two signs shall stop until the livestock have left the highway.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 8 - Speed Restrictions › Section 21-801 - Basic Rule

(a)    A person may not drive a vehicle on a highway at a speed that, with regard to the actual and potential dangers existing, is more than that which is reasonable and prudent under the conditions.
(b)    At all times, the driver of a vehicle on a highway shall control the speed of the vehicle as necessary to avoid colliding with any person or any vehicle or other conveyance that, in compliance with legal requirements and the duty of all persons to use due care, is on or entering the highway.
(c)    Consistent with the requirements of this section, the driver of a vehicle shall drive at an appropriate, reduced speed when approaching and crossing an intersection at which cross traffic is not required to stop by a traffic control device.
(d)    Consistent with the requirements of this section, the driver of a vehicle shall drive at an appropriate, reduced speed when approaching and crossing a railroad grade crossing.
(e)    Consistent with the requirements of this section, the driver of a vehicle shall drive at an appropriate, reduced speed when approaching and going around a curve.
(f)    Consistent with the requirements of this section, the driver of a vehicle shall drive at an appropriate, reduced speed when approaching the crest of a grade.
(g)    Consistent with the requirements of this section, the driver of a vehicle shall drive at an appropriate, reduced speed when traveling on any narrow or winding roadway.
(h)    Consistent with the requirements of this section, the driver of a vehicle shall drive at an appropriate, reduced speed when any special danger exists as to pedestrians or other traffic or because of weather or highway conditions.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 8 - Speed Restrictions › Section 21-801.1 - Maximum Limits

(a)    Unless there is a special danger that requires a lower speed to comply with § 21-801 of this subtitle, the limits specified in this section or otherwise established under this subtitle are maximum lawful speeds. A person may not drive a vehicle on a highway at a speed that exceeds these limits.
(b)    Except as otherwise provided in this section, the maximum speed limits are:
(1)    15 miles per hour in alleys in Baltimore County;
(2)    30 miles per hour on:
(i)    All highways in a business district; and
(ii)    Undivided highways in a residential district;
(3)    35 miles per hour on divided highways in a residential district;
(4)    50 miles per hour on undivided highways in other locations; and
(5)    55 miles per hour on divided highways in other locations.
(c)    Except as provided in subsection (e) of this section, a posted maximum speed limit lawfully in effect on December 31, 1974, is a maximum lawful speed even if it differs from a limit specified in subsection (b) of this section.
(d)    Except as provided in subsection (e) of this section, a maximum speed limit specified in subsection (b) of this section or in effect under subsection (c) of this section may be altered as provided in this subtitle.
(e)    (1)    Notwithstanding any other provision of this subtitle, a maximum speed limit of more than 55 miles per hour may not be established or continued on any highway in this State that is not an interstate highway or an expressway.
(2)    Subject to the provisions of paragraph (1) of this subsection, a maximum speed limit of more than 70 miles per hour may not be established on any highway in the State.
(f)    (1)    Unless otherwise posted on a public road in a residential subdivision, in residential subdivisions in St. Mary’s County, a posted speed limit on a main access road applies to all public roads in the residential subdivision, even if the posted speed limit on the main access road is less than 30 miles per hour.
(2)    The provisions of paragraph (1) of this subsection do not apply when a through road traverses a residential subdivision. The maximum speed limit applicable to the subdivision shall be posted on each road exiting off the through road and into the subdivision, along with the posting on the main access road.
(3)    A maximum speed limit established under this subsection in a residential subdivision shall be based on the subdivision’s road design, motor vehicle traffic, and pedestrian safety.
2023 Maryland Statutes › Transportation › Title 21 - Vehicle Laws -- Rules of the Road › Subtitle 8 - Speed Restrictions › Section 21-802 - Establishment of State Speed Zones

(a)    If, on the basis of an engineering and traffic investigation, the State Highway Administration determines that any maximum speed limit specified in this subtitle is greater or less than reasonable or safe under existing conditions on any part of a highway under its jurisdiction, it may establish a reasonable and safe maximum speed limit for that part of the highway.
(b)    An engineering and traffic investigation is not required to conform a posted maximum speed limit in effect on December 31, 1974, to a different limit specified in § 21-801.1(b) of this subtitle.
(c)    Under this section, the State Highway Administration may:
(1)    Establish a maximum speed limit to apply at all times or only at specified times; and
(2)    Establish differing limits for different times of day, different types of vehicles, different weather conditions, or other factors bearing on safe speeds.
(d)    An altered maximum speed limit established under this section is effective when posted on appropriate signs giving notice of the limit.