reglab/statecodes huggingface dataset:
2023 Iowa Code › Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES › Chapter 607A - JURIES › Section 607A.43 - Correcting illegality in original lists.

607A.43 Correcting illegality in original lists.
If the court for any reason determines that there has been such substantial failure to comply with the law relative to jury identification, preparation, or return of grand or petit lists that lawful grand or petit jurors cannot be drawn, or that the lists are exhausted or insufficient for the needs of the court, the court shall order the jury manager or state court administrator to use electronic data processing techniques to prepare lists in lieu of the lists which have been found to be illegal, or an additional list or lists as the court deems necessary.
86 Acts, ch 1108, §51; 2017 Acts, ch 133, §24
2023 Iowa Code › Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES › Chapter 607A - JURIES › Section 607A.45 - Employer prohibited from penalizing employee — penalty — action for lost wages.

607A.45 Employer prohibited from penalizing employee — penalty — action for lost wages.
1. An employer shall not deprive an employee of employment or threaten or otherwise coerce an employee with respect to the employee’s employment because the employee receives a notice to report, responds to the notice, serves as a juror, or attends court for prospective juror service. An employer who violates this subsection commits contempt.
2. If an employer discharges an employee in violation of subsection 1, the employee may within sixty days of the discharge bring a civil action for the recovery of wages lost as a result of the violation and for an order requiring the reinstatement of the employee. Damages recoverable shall not exceed lost wages for a period of six weeks. If the employee prevails, the employee shall be allowed reasonable attorney fees as determined by the court.
86 Acts, ch 1108, §53
2023 Iowa Code › Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES › Chapter 607A - JURIES › Section 607A.46 - Delinquency of officers.

607A.46 Delinquency of officers.
A judicial officer, court employee, or other governmental official who intentionally fails to perform a legal duty imposed by this chapter, or who acts with willful malfeasance in the discharge of a legal duty imposed by this chapter, commits a serious misdemeanor.
86 Acts, ch 1108, §54
2023 Iowa Code › Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES › Chapter 607A - JURIES › Section 607A.47 - Juror questionnaire.

607A.47 Juror questionnaire.
The court may, on its own motion, or upon the motion of a party to the case or upon the request of a juror, order the sealing or partial sealing of a completed juror questionnaire, if the court finds that it is necessary to protect the safety or privacy of a juror or a family member of a juror.
2007 Acts, ch 210, §5
2023 Iowa Code › Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES › Chapter 610 - DEFERRAL OF COSTS (In forma pauperis) › Section 610.1 - Affidavit — contents — tolling of limitations.

610.1 Affidavit — contents — tolling of limitations.
1. A court of the district court, court of appeals, or supreme court shall authorize the commencement, prosecution, or defense of a suit, action, proceeding, or appeal, whether civil or criminal, without the prepayment of fees, costs, or security upon a showing that the person is unable to pay such costs or give security. The person shall submit an affidavit stating the nature of the suit, action, proceeding, or appeal and the affiant’s belief that there is an entitlement to redress. Such affidavit shall also include a brief financial statement showing the person’s inability to pay costs, fees, or give security. Any authorization to proceed without prepayment of fees, costs, or security under this chapter may be made by the court without hearing. The filing of an affidavit to proceed without the prepayment of fees, costs, or security tolls the applicable statute of limitations. Upon the denial of an application and affidavit to proceed without the prepayment of fees, costs, or security, the person shall have the remainder of the limitations period in which to pay fees, costs, or give security. This section does not allow the deferral of the cost of a transcript.
2. Notwithstanding the provisions of this section, the court shall deny the application and affidavit of an inmate who has had three or more actions dismissed pursuant to section 610A.2. Such inmate shall not be permitted to proceed without prepayment of fees, cost, or security pursuant to this chapter.
86 Acts, ch 1088, §1; 87 Acts, ch 115, §79; 98 Acts, ch 1147, §1, 6; 2021 Acts, ch 76, §150
Referred to in §610A.1
2023 Iowa Code › Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES › Chapter 610 - DEFERRAL OF COSTS (In forma pauperis) › Section 610.2 - Directions by court.

610.2 Directions by court.
When an application and supporting affidavit pursuant to this chapter are filed with the court and approved by the court in a civil or criminal action, the court shall direct the appropriate officers of the court to issue and serve all necessary writs, process, and proceedings.
86 Acts, ch 1088, §2; 88 Acts, ch 1134, §105
2023 Iowa Code › Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES › Chapter 610 - DEFERRAL OF COSTS (In forma pauperis) › Section 610.3 - Deferral of costs.

610.3 Deferral of costs.
When an application and supporting affidavit are filed and approved by the court and a civil or criminal proceeding is instituted, the court shall order that all fees, costs, and security be deferred until final disposition of the proceeding.
86 Acts, ch 1088, §3; 88 Acts, ch 1134, §106
2023 Iowa Code › Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES › Chapter 610 - DEFERRAL OF COSTS (In forma pauperis) › Section 610.4 - Order to pay fees, costs, or security — dismissal for failure.

610.4 Order to pay fees, costs, or security — dismissal for failure.
If after entry of an order authorizing prosecution of the case without prepayment of fees, costs, or security, the court finds that the affidavit of inability to pay was without merit, the court may order the person to pay the fees, costs, or security within fourteen days or the case will be dismissed.
86 Acts, ch 1088, §4
2023 Iowa Code › Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES › Chapter 610 - DEFERRAL OF COSTS (In forma pauperis) › Section 610.5 - Penalty.

610.5 Penalty.
A person who knowingly and wrongfully invokes the privileges of this chapter without just cause, or who knowingly makes a false statement regarding the person’s inability to pay fees, costs, or security, is guilty of perjury and shall be punished as provided in section 720.2.
86 Acts, ch 1088, §5
Referred to in §610A.2
2023 Iowa Code › Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES › Chapter 610A - CIVIL LITIGATION BY INMATES AND PRISONERS › Section 610A.1 - Actions or appeals brought by inmates or prisoners.

610A.1 Actions or appeals brought by inmates or prisoners.
1. Notwithstanding section 610.1 or 822.5, if the person bringing a civil action or appeal is an inmate of an institution or facility under the control of the department of corrections or a prisoner of a county or municipal jail or detention facility, the inmate or prisoner shall pay in full all fees and costs associated with the action or appeal.
a. Upon filing of the action or appeal, the court shall order the inmate or prisoner to pay a minimum of twenty percent of the required filing fee before the court will take any further action on the inmate’s or prisoner’s action or appeal and shall also order the inmate or prisoner to make monthly payments of ten percent of all outstanding fees and costs associated with the inmate’s or prisoner’s action or appeal.
b. If the inmate has an inmate account under section 904.702, the department of corrections shall withdraw moneys maintained in the account for the payment of fees and costs associated with the inmate’s action or appeal in accordance with the court’s order until the required fees and costs are paid in full. The inmate shall file a certified copy of the inmate’s account balance with the court at the time the action or appeal is filed.
c. An inmate may authorize the department of corrections to make or the inmate may make an initial or subsequent payment beyond that required by this section.
d. The court may dismiss any civil action or appeal in which the inmate or prisoner has previously failed to pay fees and costs in accordance with this section.
e. If the inmate has unsuccessfully prosecuted three or more frivolous actions in the preceding five-year period, the court may stay the proceeding in accordance with section 617.16.
f. If the inmate has had three or more actions dismissed pursuant to section 610A.2, the inmate shall not be permitted to file an action pursuant to chapter 610.
2. The court may make the authorization provided for in section 610.1 if it finds that the inmate does not have sufficient moneys in the inmate’s account or sufficient moneys flowing into the account to make the payments required in this section or, in the case of a prisoner of a county or municipal jail or detention facility, that the prisoner otherwise meets the requirements of section 610.1.
3. In any civil case filed by a petitioner who is an inmate or prisoner, the respondent may review the petition and, if applicable, file a pre-answer motion asserting, in addition to any other defense that must be asserted in such a motion under the rules of civil procedure, that the action or any portion of the action should be dismissed pursuant to this chapter because the action or any portion of the action is frivolous or malicious, fails to state a claim upon which relief can be granted, or is otherwise subject to dismissal under section 610A.2.
95 Acts, ch 167, §1; 96 Acts, ch 1079, §17; 98 Acts, ch 1147, §2, 3, 6
Referred to in §904.702
2023 Iowa Code › Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES › Chapter 610A - CIVIL LITIGATION BY INMATES AND PRISONERS › Section 610A.2 - Dismissal of action or appeal.

610A.2 Dismissal of action or appeal.
1. In addition to the penalty provided in section 610.5, if applicable, or any other applicable penalty under the Code, the court may dismiss an action or appeal that is subject to this chapter, in whole or in part, on a finding of any of the following:
a. The allegation of inability to pay asserted in an accompanying affidavit is false.
b. The action, claim, defense, or appeal is frivolous or malicious in whole or in part.
c. The inmate or prisoner has knowingly presented false testimony or evidence, or has attempted to create or present false testimony or evidence in support of the action, claim, defense, or appeal.
d. The actions of the inmate or prisoner in pursuing the action, claim, defense, or appeal constitute an abuse of the discovery process.
2. In determining whether an action or appeal is frivolous or malicious, the court may consider the following:
a. Whether the action, claim, defense, or appeal is without substantial justification, or otherwise has no arguable basis in law or fact, including that the action, claim, defense, or appeal fails to state a claim upon which relief could be granted, or the action, claim, defense, or appeal cannot be supported by a reasonable argument for a change in existing law.
b. Whether the action, claim, defense, or appeal is substantially similar to a previous action, claim, defense, or appeal, that was determined to be frivolous or malicious, either in that it is brought against the same party or in that the claim arises from the same operative facts.
c. Whether the action, claim, defense, or appeal is intended solely or primarily for harassment.
d. The fact that evidentiary support for the action, claim, defense, or appeal is unavailable, or is not likely to be discovered after investigation.
e. Whether the action, claim, defense, or appeal is asserted with an improper purpose, including but not limited to, causing an unnecessary expansion or delay in proceedings, increasing the cost of proceedings, or harassing an opponent.
f. Whether the defendant is immune from providing the relief sought.
3. In making the determination under subsection 1, the court may hold a hearing before or after service of process on its own motion or on the motion of a party. The hearing may be held by telephone or video conference on the motion of the court or of a party.
4. The court may dismiss the entire action or appeal or a portion of the action or appeal before or after service of process. If a portion of the action or appeal is dismissed, the court shall also designate the issues and defendants on which the action or appeal is to proceed without paying fees and costs. This order is not subject to interlocutory appeal.
95 Acts, ch 167, §2; 98 Acts, ch 1147, §4, 6
Referred to in §610.1, 610A.1, 610A.3, 903A.3
2023 Iowa Code › Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES › Chapter 610A - CIVIL LITIGATION BY INMATES AND PRISONERS › Section 610A.3 - Penalties.

610A.3 Penalties.
1. If an action or appeal brought by an inmate or prisoner in state court is dismissed pursuant to section 610A.2, or, if brought in federal court, is dismissed under any of the principles enumerated in section 610A.2, the inmate shall be subject to the following penalties:
a. The loss of some or all of the earned time credits acquired by the inmate or prisoner. Previous dismissals under section 610A.2 may be considered in determining the appropriate level of penalty.
b. If the inmate or prisoner has no earned time credits to deduct, the order of the court or the disciplinary hearing may deduct up to fifty percent of the average balance of the inmate account under section 904.702 or of any prisoner account.
2. The court may make an order deducting the credits or the credits may be deducted pursuant to a disciplinary hearing pursuant to chapter 903A at the facility at which the inmate is held.
95 Acts, ch 167, §3; 98 Acts, ch 1147, §5, 6; 2000 Acts, ch 1173, §1, 10
Referred to in §903A.3
2023 Iowa Code › Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES › Chapter 610A - CIVIL LITIGATION BY INMATES AND PRISONERS › Section 610A.4 - Cost setoff.

610A.4 Cost setoff.
The state or a county or municipality shall have the right to set off the cost of incarceration of an inmate or prisoner at any time, following notice and hearing, against any claim made by or monetary obligation owed to an inmate or prisoner for whom the cost of incarceration can be calculated.
95 Acts, ch 167, §4; 96 Acts, ch 1079, §18
2023 Iowa Code › Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES › Chapter 611 - ACTIONS › Section 611.1 - Proceedings classified.

611.1 Proceedings classified.
Every proceeding in court is an action, and is civil, special, or criminal.
[R60, §2605; C73, §2504; C97, §3424; C24, 27, 31, 35, 39, §10938; C46, 50, 54, 58, 62, 66, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, §611.1]
2023 Iowa Code › Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES › Chapter 611 - ACTIONS › Section 611.2 - Civil and special actions.

611.2 Civil and special actions.
1. A civil action is a proceeding in a court of justice in which one party, known as the plaintiff, demands against another party, known as the defendant, the enforcement or protection of a private right, or the prevention or redress of a private wrong. It may also be brought for the recovery of a penalty or forfeiture.
2. Every other proceeding in a civil case is a special action.
[R60, §2606, 2607, 2609; C73, §2505, 2506; C97, §3425; C24, 27, 31, 35, 39, §10939; C46, 50, 54, 58, 62, 66, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, §611.2]
2021 Acts, ch 76, §150
2023 Iowa Code › Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES › Chapter 611 - ACTIONS › Section 611.3 - Forms of action.

611.3 Forms of action.
All forms of action are abolished, but proceedings in civil actions may be of two kinds, ordinary or equitable.
[R60, §2608, 2610; C73, §2507; C97, §3426; C24, 27, 31, 35, 39, §10940; C46, 50, 54, 58, 62, 66, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, §611.3]
2023 Iowa Code › Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES › Chapter 611 - ACTIONS › Section 611.4 - Equitable proceedings.

611.4 Equitable proceedings.
The plaintiff may prosecute an action by equitable proceedings in all cases where courts of equity, before the adoption of this Code, had jurisdiction, and must so proceed in all cases where such jurisdiction was exclusive.
[R60, §2611; C73, §2508; C97, §3427; C24, 27, 31, 35, 39, §10941; C46, 50, 54, 58, 62, 66, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, §611.4]
2023 Iowa Code › Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES › Chapter 611 - ACTIONS › Section 611.5 - Action on note and mortgage.

611.5 Action on note and mortgage.
An action on a note, together with a mortgage or deed of trust for the foreclosure of the same, shall be by equitable proceedings. An action on the bond or note alone, without regard therein to the mortgage or deed of trust, shall be by ordinary proceedings.
[R60, §4179; C73, §2509; C97, §3428; C24, 27, 31, 35, 39, §10942; C46, 50, 54, 58, 62, 66, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, §611.5]
Actions on certain judgments prohibited, chapter 615
Related provision, §654.4
2023 Iowa Code › Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES › Chapter 611 - ACTIONS › Section 611.6 - Ordinary proceedings.

611.6 Ordinary proceedings.
In all other cases, unless otherwise provided, the plaintiff must prosecute an action by ordinary proceedings.
[R60, §2612; C73, §2513; C97, §3431; C24, 27, 31, 35, 39, §10943; C46, 50, 54, 58, 62, 66, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, §611.6]
2023 Iowa Code › Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES › Chapter 611 - ACTIONS › Section 611.7 - Error — effect of.

611.7 Error — effect of.
An error of the plaintiff as to the kind of proceedings adopted shall not cause the abatement or dismissal of the action, but merely a change into the proper proceedings, and a transfer to the proper docket.
[R60, §2613; C73, §2514; C97, §3432; C24, 27, 31, 35, 39, §10944; C46, 50, 54, 58, 62, 66, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, §611.7]
2023 Iowa Code › Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES › Chapter 611 - ACTIONS › Section 611.8 - Correction by plaintiff.

611.8 Correction by plaintiff.
Such error may be corrected by the plaintiff without motion at any time before the defendant has answered, or afterwards on motion in court.
[R60, §2614; C73, §2515; C97, §3433; C24, 27, 31, 35, 39, §10945; C46, 50, 54, 58, 62, 66, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, §611.8]
2023 Iowa Code › Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES › Chapter 611 - ACTIONS › Section 611.9 - Correction on motion.

611.9 Correction on motion.
The defendant may have the correction made by motion at or before the filing of an answer, where it appears by the provisions of this Code wrong proceedings have been adopted.
[R60, §2615, 2616; C73, §2516; C97, §3434; C24, 27, 31, 35, 39, §10946; C46, 50, 54, 58, 62, 66, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, §611.9]
2023 Iowa Code › Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES › Chapter 611 - ACTIONS › Section 611.10 - Equitable issues.

611.10 Equitable issues.
Where the action has been properly commenced by ordinary proceedings, either party shall have the right, by motion, to have any issue heretofore exclusively cognizable in equity tried in the manner hereinafter prescribed in cases of equitable proceedings; and if all the issues were such, though none were exclusively so, the defendant shall be entitled to have them all tried as in cases of equitable proceedings.
[R60, §2617; C73, §2517; C97, §3435; C24, 27, 31, 35, 39, §10947; C46, 50, 54, 58, 62, 66, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, §611.10]
2023 Iowa Code › Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES › Chapter 611 - ACTIONS › Section 611.11 - Court may order change.

611.11 Court may order change.
If there is more than one party plaintiff or defendant, who fail to unite on the kind of proceedings to be adopted, the court, on its own motion, may direct such proceedings to be changed to the same extent as if the parties had united in asking it to be done.
[C73, §2518; C97, §3436; C24, 27, 31, 35, 39, §10948; C46, 50, 54, 58, 62, 66, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, §611.11]
2023 Iowa Code › Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES › Chapter 611 - ACTIONS › Section 611.12 - Errors waived.

611.12 Errors waived.
An error as to the kind of proceedings adopted in the action is waived by a failure to move for its correction at the time and in the manner prescribed in this chapter; and all errors in the decisions of the court are waived unless excepted to at the time, save final judgments and interlocutory or final decrees entered of record.
[R60, §2619; C73, §2519; C97, §3437; C24, 27, 31, 35, 39, §10949; C46, 50, 54, 58, 62, 66, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, §611.12]
2023 Iowa Code › Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES › Chapter 611 - ACTIONS › Section 611.13 - Uniformity of procedure.

611.13 Uniformity of procedure.
The provisions of this Code concerning the prosecution of a civil action apply to both ordinary and equitable proceedings unless the contrary appears, and shall be followed in special actions not otherwise regulated, so far as applicable.
[C51, §2516; R60, §2620, 4173; C73, §2520; C97, §3438; C24, 27, 31, 35, 39, §10950; C46, 50, 54, 58, 62, 66, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, §611.13]
2023 Iowa Code › Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES › Chapter 611 - ACTIONS › Section 611.14 - Title of cause.

611.14 Title of cause.
The title of the cause shall not be changed in any of its stages of transit from one court to another.
[R60, §2949; C73, §2721; C97, §3631; C24, 27, 31, 35, 39, §10951; C46, 50, 54, 58, 62, 66, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, §611.14]
2023 Iowa Code › Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES › Chapter 611 - ACTIONS › Section 611.15 - Judgments annulled in equity.

611.15 Judgments annulled in equity.
Judgment obtained in an action by ordinary proceedings shall not be annulled or modified by any order in an action by equitable proceedings, except for a defense which has arisen or been discovered since the judgment was rendered. But such judgment does not prevent the recovery of any claim, though such claim might have been used by way of counterclaim in the action on which the judgment was recovered.
[R60, §2621; C73, §2522; C97, §3440; C24, 27, 31, 35, 39, §10952; C46, 50, 54, 58, 62, 66, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, §611.15]
See
R.C.P. 1.241
2023 Iowa Code › Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES › Chapter 611 - ACTIONS › Section 611.16 - Action to obtain discovery.

611.16 Action to obtain discovery.
No action to obtain a discovery shall be brought, except, where a person or corporation is liable either jointly or severally with others by the same contract, an action may be brought against any parties who are liable, to obtain discovery of the names and residences of the others.
[R60, §4127; C73, §2523; C97, §3441; C24, 27, 31, 35, 39, §10953; C46, 50, 54, 58, 62, 66, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, §611.16]
2023 Iowa Code › Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES › Chapter 611 - ACTIONS › Section 611.17 - Petition for discovery.

611.17 Petition for discovery.
In such action the plaintiff shall state in the petition, in effect, that the plaintiff has used due diligence, without success, to obtain the information asked to be discovered, and that the plaintiff does not believe the parties to the contract who are known to the plaintiff have property sufficient to satisfy the plaintiff’s claim. The petition shall be verified.
[R60, §4127; C73, §2523; C97, §3441; C24, 27, 31, 35, 39, §10954; C46, 50, 54, 58, 62, 66, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, §611.17]
2023 Iowa Code › Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES › Chapter 611 - ACTIONS › Section 611.18 - Costs.

611.18 Costs.
The cost of such action shall be paid by the plaintiff unless the discovery be resisted.
[R60, §4127; C73, §2523; C97, §3441; C24, 27, 31, 35, 39, §10955; C46, 50, 54, 58, 62, 66, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, §611.18]
2023 Iowa Code › Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES › Chapter 611 - ACTIONS › Section 611.19 - Successive actions.

611.19 Successive actions.
Successive actions may be maintained upon the same contract or transaction whenever, after the former action, a new cause of action has arisen thereon or therefrom.
[R60, §4128; C73, §2524; C97, §3442; C24, 27, 31, 35, 39, §10956; C46, 50, 54, 58, 62, 66, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, §611.19]
2023 Iowa Code › Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES › Chapter 611 - ACTIONS › Section 611.20 - Actions survive.

611.20 Actions survive.
All causes of action shall survive and may be brought notwithstanding the death of the person entitled or liable to the same.
[C51, §2502; R60, §3467; C73, §2525; C97, §3443; C24, 27, 31, 35, 39, §10957; C46, 50, 54, 58, 62, 66, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, §611.20]
Referred to in §611.22
2023 Iowa Code › Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES › Chapter 611 - ACTIONS › Section 611.21 - Civil remedy not merged in crime.

611.21 Civil remedy not merged in crime.
The right of civil remedy is not merged in a public offense and is not restricted for other violation of law, but may in all cases be enforced independently of and in addition to the punishment of the former.
[C51, §2500; R60, §4110; C73, §2526; C97, §3444; C24, 27, 31, 35, 39, §10958; C46, 50, 54, 58, 62, 66, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, §611.21]
85 Acts, ch 197, §36
Referred to in §611.22
2023 Iowa Code › Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES › Chapter 611 - ACTIONS › Section 611.22 - Actions by or against legal representatives or successors in interest — substitution.

611.22 Actions by or against legal representatives or successors in interest — substitution.
Any action contemplated in sections 611.20 and 611.21 may be brought, or the court, on motion, may allow the action to be continued, by or against the legal representatives or successors in interest of the deceased. Such action shall be deemed a continuing one, and to have accrued to such representative or successor at the time it would have accrued to the deceased if the deceased had survived. If such is continued against the legal representative or successor in interest of the defendant, a notice shall be served as in case of original notices. If such an action by the deceased is allowed to be continued, then the court shall appoint a personal representative for the deceased as defined in section 633.3 or shall allow a successor under section 633.356 to continue the action.
[C51, §1699; R60, §4111; C73, §2527; C97, §3445; C24, 27, 31, 35, 39, §10959; C46, 50, 54, 58, 62, 66, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, §611.22]
2021 Acts, ch 7, §1, 2
Manner of service,
R.C.P. 1.302 – 1.315
2021 amendment applies to actions that arise on or after July 1, 2021; 2021 Acts, ch 7, §2
2023 Iowa Code › Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES › Chapter 611 - ACTIONS › Section 611.23 - Civil actions involving allegations of elder abuse, sexual abuse, or domestic abuse — counseling.

611.23 Civil actions involving allegations of elder abuse, sexual abuse, or domestic abuse — counseling.
In a civil case in which a plaintiff is seeking relief or damages for alleged elder abuse as defined in section 235F.1, sexual abuse as defined in section 709.1, or domestic abuse as defined in section 236.2, the plaintiff may seek, and the court may grant, an order requiring the defendant to receive professional counseling, in addition to any other appropriate relief or damages.
91 Acts, ch 181, §1; 2014 Acts, ch 1107, §21
2023 Iowa Code › Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES › Chapter 613 - PARTIES — CAUSES OF ACTION — LIABILITY › Section 613.1 - Joint and several obligations.

613.1 Joint and several obligations.
Where two or more persons are bound by contract or by judgment, decree, or statute, whether jointly only, or jointly and severally, or severally only, including the parties to negotiable paper, common orders, and checks, and sureties on the same or separate instruments, or by any liability growing out of the same, the action thereon may, at the plaintiff’s option, be brought against any or all of them. When any of those so bound are dead, the action may be brought against any or all of the survivors, with any or all of the representatives of the decedents, or against any or all such representatives.
[C51, §1681, 1682; R60, §2764; C73, §2550; C97, §3465; C24, 27, 31, 35, 39, §10975; C46, 50, 54, 58, 62, 66, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, §613.1]
Separate trials,
R.C.P. 1.914
2023 Iowa Code › Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES › Chapter 613 - PARTIES — CAUSES OF ACTION — LIABILITY › Section 613.2 - Adjudication.

613.2 Adjudication.
An action or judgment against any one or more of several persons jointly bound shall not be a bar to proceedings against the others.
[R60, §2764; C73, §2550; C97, §3465; C24, 27, 31, 35, 39, §10976; C46, 50, 54, 58, 62, 66, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, §613.2]
2023 Iowa Code › Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES › Chapter 613 - PARTIES — CAUSES OF ACTION — LIABILITY › Section 613.7 - Written instrument.

613.7 Written instrument.
When an action is founded on a written instrument, it may be brought by or against any of the parties thereto by the same name and description as those by which they are designated in such instrument.
[C51, §1692; R60, §2786; C73, §2558; C97, §3473; C24, 27, 31, 35, 39, §10988; C46, 50, 54, 58, 62, 66, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, §613.7]
2023 Iowa Code › Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES › Chapter 613 - PARTIES — CAUSES OF ACTION — LIABILITY › Section 613.8 - Actions against state.

613.8 Actions against state.
Upon the conditions provided in this chapter for the protection of the state, the consent of the state be and it is hereby given, to be made a party in any suit or action in any of the district courts of Iowa, any of the United States district courts within the state or in any other court of or in Iowa having jurisdiction of the subject matter, involving the title to real estate, the partition of real estate, the foreclosure of liens or mortgages against real estate, or the determination of the priorities of liens or claims against real estate, for the purpose of obtaining an adjudication touching or pertaining to any mortgage or other lien or claim which the state may have or claim to the real estate involved. The petition in the action shall specifically allege the interest or apparent interest of the state and the specific facts upon which the claim against the state is based and it shall be legally insufficient to allege the claim in general terms.
[C35, §10990-g1; C39, §10990.1; C46, 50, 54, 58, 62, 66, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, §613.8]
2019 Acts, ch 59, §199
Referred to in §613.10
2023 Iowa Code › Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES › Chapter 613 - PARTIES — CAUSES OF ACTION — LIABILITY › Section 613.9 - Service on state.

613.9 Service on state.
Service upon the state shall be made by serving a copy of the original notice with a copy of the petition upon the county attorney for the county, or counties, in which the real estate is located, and by sending a copy of the original notice and petition by certified mail to the attorney general, at Des Moines. The state shall appear within thirty days after the day such notice is served upon the county attorney or within thirty days after such notice is mailed to the attorney general, whichever is later.
[C35, §10990-g2; C39, §10990.2; C46, 50, 54, 58, 62, 66, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, §613.9]
Referred to in §613.10
2023 Iowa Code › Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES › Chapter 613 - PARTIES — CAUSES OF ACTION — LIABILITY › Section 613.10 - Status of state as defendant.

613.10 Status of state as defendant.
After compliance with sections 613.11 and 613.12 and sections 613.8 and 613.9 the state of Iowa shall have the same standing as any other plaintiff or defendant and any and all orders, judgments, or decrees rendered and entered in any such action shall be binding on the state of Iowa in the same manner and degree as any other party to an action against whom such an order, judgment, or decree is entered, and the state of Iowa shall have the same rights in respect to the trial of such cause and in respect to any orders, judgments, or decrees entered therein, together with all rights of appeal, as any other similarly situated party would have.
[C35, §10990-g3; C39, §10990.3; C46, 50, 54, 58, 62, 66, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, §613.10]
2023 Iowa Code › Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES › Chapter 613 - PARTIES — CAUSES OF ACTION — LIABILITY › Section 613.11 - Actions against department of transportation.

613.11 Actions against department of transportation.
The state of Iowa hereby waives immunity from suit and consents to the jurisdiction of any court in which an action is brought against the state department of transportation respecting any claim, right, or controversy arising out of the work performed, or by virtue of the provisions of any construction contract entered into by the department. Such action shall be heard and determined pursuant to rules otherwise applicable to civil actions brought in the particular court having jurisdiction of the suit and the parties to the suit shall have the right of appeal from any judgment, decree, or decision of the trial court to the appropriate appellate court under applicable rules of appeal.
[C66, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, §613.11]
Referred to in §613.10, 613.14
2023 Iowa Code › Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES › Chapter 613 - PARTIES — CAUSES OF ACTION — LIABILITY › Section 613.12 - Venue.

613.12 Venue.
Any such action shall name the Iowa state department of transportation as defendant and the venue for trial shall be in the county, or in the federal court district, where all or part of the construction work was performed.
[C66, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, §613.12]
Referred to in §613.10
2023 Iowa Code › Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES › Chapter 613 - PARTIES — CAUSES OF ACTION — LIABILITY › Section 613.13 - Service of notice.

613.13 Service of notice.
Service upon the state of Iowa shall be made by serving an original notice or summons, with a copy of the petition attached, upon any member of the Iowa state department of transportation in the manner provided for the service of original notices in actions brought in the district courts of the state of Iowa, or by serving summonses upon any member of the said department in the manner provided for service of summons in actions brought in United States district courts, except only that the state shall be required to appear within thirty days after the day such notice or summons is served upon a member of the said department.
[C66, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, §613.13]
2023 Iowa Code › Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES › Chapter 613 - PARTIES — CAUSES OF ACTION — LIABILITY › Section 613.14 - Limitation.

613.14 Limitation.
Actions against the state of Iowa authorized under the provisions of section 613.11 may be instituted within three years from the date of the completion or acceptance of the work, whichever date is later, except that this should not apply to contracts completed and accepted and for which final payment was made previous to July 4, 1963.
[C66, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, §613.14]
2023 Iowa Code › Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES › Chapter 613 - PARTIES — CAUSES OF ACTION — LIABILITY › Section 613.15 - Injury or death of spouse or parent — measure of recovery.

613.15 Injury or death of spouse or parent — measure of recovery.
In any action for damages because of the wrongful or negligent injury or death of a woman, there shall be no disabilities or restrictions, and recovery may be had on account thereof in the same manner as in cases of damage because of the wrongful or negligent injury or death of a man. In addition she, or her administrator for her estate, may recover for physician’s services, nursing and hospital expense, and in the case of both women and men, such person, or the appropriate administrator, may recover the value of services and support as spouse or parent, or both, as the case may be, in such sum as the jury deems proper; provided, however, recovery for these elements of damage may not be had by the spouse and children, as such, of any person who, or whose administrator, is entitled to recover same.
[SS15, §3477-a; C24, 27, §10463; C31, 35, §10991-d1; C39, §10991.1; C46, 50, 54, 58, 62, §613.11; C66, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, §613.15]
2023 Iowa Code › Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES › Chapter 613 - PARTIES — CAUSES OF ACTION — LIABILITY › Section 613.15A - Injury to or death of a child.

613.15A Injury to or death of a child.
A parent or the parents of a child may recover for the expense and actual loss of services, companionship, and society resulting from injury to or death of a minor child and may recover for the expense and actual loss of services, companionship, and society resulting from the death of an adult child.
2007 Acts, ch 132, §1, 3
2023 Iowa Code › Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES › Chapter 613 - PARTIES — CAUSES OF ACTION — LIABILITY › Section 613.15B - Wrongful birth or wrongful life cause of action — prohibitions — exceptions.

613.15B Wrongful birth or wrongful life cause of action — prohibitions — exceptions.
1. A cause of action shall not arise and damages shall not be awarded, on behalf of any person, based on a wrongful birth claim that, but for an act or omission of the defendant, a child would not or should not have been born.
2. A cause of action shall not arise and damages shall not be awarded, on behalf of any person, based on a wrongful life claim that, but for an act or omission of the defendant, the person bringing the action would not or should not have been born.
3. The prohibitions specified in this section apply to any claim regardless of whether the child is born healthy or with a birth defect or disorder or other adverse medical condition. However, the prohibitions specified in this section shall not apply to any of the following:
a. A civil action for damages for an intentional or grossly negligent act or omission, including any act or omission that constitutes a public offense.
b. A civil action for damages for the intentional failure of a physician to comply with the duty imposed by licensure pursuant to chapter 148 to provide a patient with all information reasonably necessary to make decisions about a pregnancy.
2018 Acts, ch 1165, §118 – 120
Section applies on or after June 1, 2018, to causes of action that accrue on or after that date; a cause of action accruing before June 1, 2018, is governed by law in effect prior to June 1, 2018; 2018 Acts, ch 1165, §119, 120
2023 Iowa Code › Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES › Chapter 613 - PARTIES — CAUSES OF ACTION — LIABILITY › Section 613.16 - Parental responsibility for actions of children.

613.16 Parental responsibility for actions of children.
1. The parent or parents of an unemancipated minor child under the age of eighteen years shall be liable for actual damages to person or property caused by unlawful acts of such child. However, a parent who is not entitled to legal custody of the minor child at the time of the unlawful act shall not be liable for such damages.
2. The legal obligation of the parent or parents of an unemancipated minor child under the age of eighteen years to pay damages shall be limited as follows:
a. Not more than two thousand dollars for any one act.
b. Not more than five thousand dollars, payable to the same claimant, for two or more acts.
3. The word “person” for the purpose of this section shall include firm, association, partnership or corporation.
4. When an action is brought on parental responsibility for acts of their children, the parents shall be named as defendants therein and, in addition, the minor child shall be named as a defendant. The filing of an answer by the parents shall remove any requirement that a guardian ad litem be required.
[C71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, §613.16]
94 Acts, ch 1172, §40
Referred to in §624.38, 645.3
2023 Iowa Code › Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES › Chapter 613 - PARTIES — CAUSES OF ACTION — LIABILITY › Section 613.18 - Limitation on products liability of nonmanufacturers.

613.18 Limitation on products liability of nonmanufacturers.
1. A person who is not the assembler, designer, or manufacturer, and who wholesales, retails, distributes, or otherwise sells a product is:
a. Immune from any suit based upon strict liability in tort or breach of implied warranty of merchantability which arises solely from an alleged defect in the original design or manufacture of the product.
b. Not liable for damages based upon strict liability in tort or breach of implied warranty of merchantability for the product upon proof that the manufacturer is subject to the jurisdiction of the courts of this state and has not been judicially declared insolvent.
2. A person who is a retailer of a product and who assembles a product, such assembly having no causal relationship to the injury from which the claim arises, is not liable for damages based upon strict liability in tort or breach of implied warranty of merchantability which arises from an alleged defect in the original design or manufacture of the product upon proof that the manufacturer is subject to the jurisdiction of the courts of this state and has not been judicially declared insolvent.
3. An action brought pursuant to this section, where the claimant certifies that the manufacturer of the product is not yet identifiable, tolls the statute of limitations against such manufacturer until such time as discovery in the case has identified the manufacturer.
86 Acts, ch 1211, §32
2023 Iowa Code › Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES › Chapter 613 - PARTIES — CAUSES OF ACTION — LIABILITY › Section 613.19 - Personal liability.

613.19 Personal liability.
A director, officer, employee, member, trustee, or volunteer, of a nonprofit organization is not liable on the debts or obligations of the nonprofit organization and a director, officer, employee, member, trustee, or volunteer is not personally liable for a claim based upon an act or omission of the person performed in the discharge of the person’s duties, except for acts or omissions which involve intentional misconduct or knowing violation of the law, or for a transaction from which the person derives an improper personal benefit. For purposes of this section, “nonprofit organization” includes an unincorporated club, association, or other similar entity, however named, if no part of its income or profit is distributed to its members, directors, or officers.
87 Acts, ch 212, §19
2023 Iowa Code › Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES › Chapter 613 - PARTIES — CAUSES OF ACTION — LIABILITY › Section 613.20 - Limitation on liability for motor vehicle operation — felons.

613.20 Limitation on liability for motor vehicle operation — felons.
1. Except as provided in subsection 2, in an action to recover damages arising out of the operation or use of a motor vehicle, a person shall not recover noneconomic losses including, but not limited to, pain and suffering if the injured person was the operator of a motor vehicle, a passenger in a motor vehicle, or a pedestrian and the person’s injuries were proximately caused by the person’s commission of any felony, or immediate flight therefrom, and the injured person was duly convicted of that felony.
2. This section does not apply if the injured person is found to have no fault in the accident.
3. If a person injured in a motor vehicle accident has been formally charged with the violation of the felony referred to in subsection 1, but a final determination regarding guilt has not been made, liability and uninsured and underinsured motorist insurers, to whom a claim for damages has been presented, shall advise the injured party that settlement of the claim will not be resolved until a final judgment is rendered on the charges. The injured party claiming damages shall provide evidence of the outcome of any criminal charges.
2000 Acts, ch 1062, §1
2023 Iowa Code › Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES › Chapter 613 - PARTIES — CAUSES OF ACTION — LIABILITY › Section 613.21 - Immunity from civil suit.

613.21 Immunity from civil suit.
An employee of a public school district, accredited nonpublic school, or area education agency shall be immune from civil suit for reasonable acts undertaken in good faith relating to participation in the making of a report and any resulting investigation or administrative or judicial proceedings regarding violence, threats of violence, or other inappropriate activity against a school employee or student, pursuant to the provisions of section 280.27.
2000 Acts, ch 1162, §2; 2018 Acts, ch 1057, §12
Referred to in §279.51A
2023 Iowa Code › Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES › Chapter 614 - LIMITATIONS OF ACTIONS › Section 614.2 - Death of party to be charged.

614.2 Death of party to be charged.
In all cases where by the death of the party to be charged, the bringing of an action against the party’s estate shall have been delayed beyond the period provided for by statute, the time within which action may be brought against the estate is hereby extended for six months from the date of the death of said decedent.
[S13, §3447-a; C24, 27, 31, 35, 39, §11008; C46, 50, 54, 58, 62, 66, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, §614.2]
Referred to in §614.6
2023 Iowa Code › Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES › Chapter 614 - LIMITATIONS OF ACTIONS › Section 614.3 - Judgments.

614.3 Judgments.
No action shall be brought upon any judgment against a defendant therein, rendered in any court of record of this state, within nine years after the rendition thereof, without leave of the court for good cause shown, and, if the adverse party is a resident of this state, upon reasonable notice of the application therefor to the adverse party; nor on a judgment of a justice of the peace in the state within nine years after the same is rendered, unless the docket of the justice or record of such judgment is lost or destroyed; but the time during which an action on a judgment is prohibited by this section shall not be excluded in computing the statutory period of limitation for an action thereon.
[C73, §2521; C97, §3439; S13, §3439; C24, 27, 31, 35, 39, §11009; C46, 50, 54, 58, 62, 66, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, §614.3]
Referred to in §614.6
Action on certain judgments prohibited, chapter 615
Lien of judgments, §624.23
2023 Iowa Code › Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES › Chapter 614 - LIMITATIONS OF ACTIONS › Section 614.4 - Fraud — mistake — trespass.

614.4 Fraud — mistake — trespass.
In actions for relief on the ground of fraud or mistake, and those for trespass to property, the cause of action shall not be deemed to have accrued until the fraud, mistake, or trespass complained of shall have been discovered by the party aggrieved.
[C51, §1660; R60, §2741; C73, §2530; C97, §3448; C24, 27, 31, 35, 39, §11010; C46, 50, 54, 58, 62, 66, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, §614.4]
Referred to in §614.6
2023 Iowa Code › Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES › Chapter 614 - LIMITATIONS OF ACTIONS › Section 614.4A - Identity theft.

614.4A Identity theft.
In actions for relief on the ground of identity theft under section 714.16B, the cause of action shall not be deemed to have accrued until the identity theft complained of is discovered by the party aggrieved.
2005 Acts, ch 18, §1
Referred to in §614.6
2023 Iowa Code › Title XV - JUDICIAL BRANCH AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURES › Chapter 614 - LIMITATIONS OF ACTIONS › Section 614.5 - Open account.

614.5 Open account.
When there is a continuous, open, current account, the cause of action shall be deemed to have accrued on the date of the last item therein, as proved on the trial.
[C51, §1662; R60, §2743; C73, §2531; C97, §3449; C24, 27, 31, 35, 39, §11011; C46, 50, 54, 58, 62, 66, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, §614.5]
Referred to in §614.6