reglab/statecodes huggingface dataset:
2023 Iowa Code › Title I - STATE SOVEREIGNTY AND MANAGEMENT › Chapter 28E - JOINT EXERCISE OF GOVERNMENTAL POWERS › Section 28E.22 - Referendum for tax.

28E.22 Referendum for tax.
1. The board of supervisors, or the city councils of a district composed only of cities, may, and upon receipt of a petition signed by eligible electors residing in the district equal in number to at least five percent of the registered voters in the district shall, submit a proposition to the electorate residing in the district at any general election or at a special election held throughout the district. The proposition shall provide for the establishment of a public safety fund and the levy of a tax on taxable property located in the district at rates not exceeding the rates specified in this section for the purpose of providing additional moneys for the operation of the district.
2. The ballot for the election shall be prepared in substantially the form for submitting special questions at general elections and the form of the proposition shall be substantially as follows:
Shall an annual levy, the amount of which will not exceed a rate of one dollar and fifty cents per thousand dollars of assessed value of the taxable property in the unified law enforcement district be authorized for providing additional moneys needed for unified law enforcement services in the district?
Yes ........
No ........
3. If a majority of the registered voters in each city and the unincorporated area of the county voting on the proposition approve the proposition, the county board of supervisors for unincorporated area and city councils for cities are authorized to levy the tax as provided in section 28E.23.
4. Such moneys collected pursuant to the tax levy shall be expended only for providing additional moneys needed for unified law enforcement services in the district and shall be in addition to the revenues raised in the county and cities in the district from their general funds which are based upon an average of revenues raised for law enforcement purposes by the county or city for the three previous years. The amount of revenues raised for law enforcement purposes by the county for the three previous years shall be computed separately for the unincorporated portion of the district and for each city in the district.
[C77, 79, 81, §28E.22]
83 Acts, ch 79, §1; 95 Acts, ch 67, §53; 2001 Acts, ch 56, §1; 2008 Acts, ch 1032, §141
Referred to in §28E.23, 28E.24, 28E.28, 28E.28B, 331.381
2023 Iowa Code › Title I - STATE SOVEREIGNTY AND MANAGEMENT › Chapter 28E - JOINT EXERCISE OF GOVERNMENTAL POWERS › Section 28E.25 - Expansion of district.

28E.25 Expansion of district.
Cities and unincorporated areas may join an established district upon the affirmative vote of the city council or county board of supervisors, whichever is applicable, and a tax may be levied for providing additional moneys for unified law enforcement services only upon the affirmative vote of registered voters of the city or unincorporated area voting in the manner provided in this subchapter. A city or unincorporated area joining a district shall contract with the district for services until the beginning of a fiscal year when the city or unincorporated area may become a member.
[C77, §28E.24; C79, 81, §28E.25]
95 Acts, ch 67, §53; 2016 Acts, ch 1011, §121
Referred to in §331.381
2023 Iowa Code › Title I - STATE SOVEREIGNTY AND MANAGEMENT › Chapter 28E - JOINT EXERCISE OF GOVERNMENTAL POWERS › Section 28E.26 - City civil service and retirement.

28E.26 City civil service and retirement.
The inclusion of a city in a unified law enforcement district shall not affect the prior establishment of a civil service system under chapter 400 or a pension or retirement system under either chapter 410 or 411.
[C77, §28E.25; C79, 81, §28E.26]
Referred to in §331.381
2023 Iowa Code › Title I - STATE SOVEREIGNTY AND MANAGEMENT › Chapter 28E - JOINT EXERCISE OF GOVERNMENTAL POWERS › Section 28E.27 - Duration of agreements for law enforcement purposes.

28E.27 Duration of agreements for law enforcement purposes.
An agreement under this chapter to provide joint or cooperative services or facilities for unified law enforcement purposes shall not be executed for less than a five-year period.
[C77, §28E.26; C79, 81, §28E.27]
Referred to in §331.381
2023 Iowa Code › Title I - STATE SOVEREIGNTY AND MANAGEMENT › Chapter 28E - JOINT EXERCISE OF GOVERNMENTAL POWERS › Section 28E.28 - Public safety commission.

28E.28 Public safety commission.
If the levy of a tax has been approved under section 28E.22, a public safety commission shall be established under section 28E.6. The public safety commission shall be responsible for administering the unified law enforcement agreement. The public safety commission shall be composed of elected officials from public agencies party to the agreement. The composition of the commission shall be determined by the terms of the agreement. A vacancy shall exist when a member of the commission ceases to hold the elected office which qualifies the member for commission membership.
[C79, 81, §28E.28]
Referred to in §331.381
2023 Iowa Code › Title I - STATE SOVEREIGNTY AND MANAGEMENT › Chapter 28E - JOINT EXERCISE OF GOVERNMENTAL POWERS › Section 28E.28A - Referendum on tax levy — dissolution of district.

28E.28A Referendum on tax levy — dissolution of district.
1. After five years from the date that a district is established, the public safety commission, upon receipt of a petition signed by eligible electors residing within the district equal in number to at least fifteen percent of the registered voters in the district, shall submit a proposition to the electorate of the district at the next general election to discontinue the annual levy for unified law enforcement services in the district. If a majority of the registered voters in each city and the unincorporated area of the county, as applicable, approve the proposition, the tax levy shall be discontinued.
2. If the discontinuation of the tax levy necessitates the dissolution of the district, the public safety commission shall dispose of any remaining property, the proceeds of which shall be applied first against any outstanding obligations of the district and any balance shall be remitted to the county and each city in the district in the same proportion that each jurisdiction contributed to the district’s budget in its final fiscal year. The board of supervisors, on behalf of the unincorporated area of the county and the city councils of the cities included in the dissolved district shall continue to levy taxes and appropriate funds to the public safety fund as provided in section 28E.24 until all outstanding obligations of the dissolved district are paid.
83 Acts, ch 79, §2; 95 Acts, ch 67, §53; 2001 Acts, ch 56, §2
Referred to in §331.381
2023 Iowa Code › Title I - STATE SOVEREIGNTY AND MANAGEMENT › Chapter 28E - JOINT EXERCISE OF GOVERNMENTAL POWERS › Section 28E.28B - Legalization of tax levies.

28E.28B Legalization of tax levies.
Each unified law enforcement district tax levy authorized pursuant to section 28E.22 prior to July 1, 1983, which continued to be collected for a period subsequent to July 1, 1983, or continues to be collected notwithstanding the expiration of the five-year period specified by the referendum which authorized the levy, is hereby legalized and deemed valid as if the levy had been authorized subsequent to July 1, 1983.
97 Acts, ch 7, §1
2023 Iowa Code › Title I - STATE SOVEREIGNTY AND MANAGEMENT › Chapter 28E - JOINT EXERCISE OF GOVERNMENTAL POWERS › Section 28E.29 - Amana — additional law enforcement.

28E.29 Amana — additional law enforcement.
If a tract of land is owned by a corporation organized under chapter 491 with assets of the value of one million dollars or more which has one or more platted villages located within the territorial limits of the tract of land, all of the territory within the plats of the villages with their additions or subdivisions, for the purposes of this section, is deemed to be one incorporated city. The corporation may assess and collect funds from its property owners for the purpose of obtaining additional law enforcement services from the county sheriff. The corporation may contract under this chapter with the county sheriff for additional law enforcement services.
[C81, §337.22; S81, §28E.29; 81 Acts, ch 117, §1201]
2023 Iowa Code › Title I - STATE SOVEREIGNTY AND MANAGEMENT › Chapter 28E - JOINT EXERCISE OF GOVERNMENTAL POWERS › Section 28E.30 - Agreement for law enforcement administrative services.

28E.30 Agreement for law enforcement administrative services.
A county and a city within the county may enter into an agreement to provide administrative services through the county sheriff to the city for its police department. In addition to other provisions required by this chapter, the agreement shall specify the administrative services to be provided by the sheriff and the administrative or supervisory relationship between the sheriff and the mayor and city council. The agreement is subject to the approval of the county sheriff. The sheriff may accept compensation for the administrative services provided to the city, which compensation is in addition to the sheriff’s compensation authorized under section 331.907. The additional compensation shall not be included in computing the total annual compensation of the sheriff pursuant to section 331.904, subsection 2.
88 Acts, ch 1057, §1
2023 Iowa Code › Title I - STATE SOVEREIGNTY AND MANAGEMENT › Chapter 28E - JOINT EXERCISE OF GOVERNMENTAL POWERS › Section 28E.31 - Emergency services — contracts for mutual aid.

28E.31 Emergency services — contracts for mutual aid.
1. A municipality’s fire department that agrees to provide for mutual aid regarding emergency services shall do so in writing. The contracts that are agreed upon may provide for compensation from the parties and other terms that are agreeable to the parties and may be for an indefinite period as long as they include a sixty-day cancellation notice by any party. The contracts agreed upon shall not be entered into for the purpose of reducing the number of employees of any party.
2. A municipal fire department may provide assistance to any other such department or district in the state at the time of a significant emergency such as a fire, earthquake, flood, tornado, hazardous material incident, or other such disaster. The chief or highest ranking fire officer of an assisting department or district may render aid to a requesting department or district as long as the chief or officer is acting in accordance with the policies and procedures set forth by the governing board of the assisting department or district.
3. The chief or highest ranking officer of the municipal fire department of the district within which the incident occurs shall maintain control of the incident in accordance with the provisions of chapter 102. The chief or highest ranking officer of the department or district giving mutual aid shall be in charge of the assisting departmental or district personnel.
4. For purposes of this section, “municipality” means a city, county, township, benefited fire district, or agency formed under this chapter and authorized by law to provide emergency services.
96 Acts, ch 1219, §62; 2000 Acts, ch 1117, §1
2023 Iowa Code › Title I - STATE SOVEREIGNTY AND MANAGEMENT › Chapter 28E - JOINT EXERCISE OF GOVERNMENTAL POWERS › Section 28E.32 - Emergency services agreements.

28E.32 Emergency services agreements.
1. A municipality that agrees to provide fire protection service or emergency medical service for another municipality shall do so in writing.
2. The written agreement shall state the purposes of the agreement and the services to be provided. The agreement shall state the duration of the agreement and provide for renewal or cancellation of the agreement.
3. An advisory board created by agreement may prepare a proposed annual budget for services provided pursuant to the agreement until the agreement is canceled or expires. For the proposed budget, the board may allocate among the parties to the agreement responsibility to provide revenue for the amount of the budget. The proposed budget shall be submitted to the municipality providing the services. However, the municipality providing the services shall have full and final authority over the proposed budget and may alter the proposed budget without approval of the board before it is included in the budget of such municipality.
4. For purposes of this section, “municipality” means a city, county, township, benefited fire district, or agency formed under this chapter and authorized by law to provide emergency services.
2000 Acts, ch 1117, §2; 2007 Acts, ch 96, §1, 2
2023 Iowa Code › Title I - STATE SOVEREIGNTY AND MANAGEMENT › Chapter 28E - JOINT EXERCISE OF GOVERNMENTAL POWERS › Section 28E.35 - Definitions.

28E.35 Definitions.
As used in this subchapter unless the context otherwise requires:
1. “Community cluster” means a cooperative community unit established pursuant to this chapter for the joint exercise of powers by two or more governmental units.
2. “Governmental unit” means a city, county, or special taxing district.
90 Acts, ch 1200, §1; 2016 Acts, ch 1011, §121
2023 Iowa Code › Title I - STATE SOVEREIGNTY AND MANAGEMENT › Chapter 28E - JOINT EXERCISE OF GOVERNMENTAL POWERS › Section 28E.36 - Establishment of community cluster.

28E.36 Establishment of community cluster.
Two or more governmental units located in the state may establish a community cluster by entering into an agreement for the joint exercise of powers pursuant to this chapter to make more efficient use of their resources by providing for joint functions, services, facilities, development of infrastructure and for revenue sharing, and to foster economic development.
90 Acts, ch 1200, §2
2023 Iowa Code › Title I - STATE SOVEREIGNTY AND MANAGEMENT › Chapter 28E - JOINT EXERCISE OF GOVERNMENTAL POWERS › Section 28E.39 - Referendum for ad valorem tax sharing.

28E.39 Referendum for ad valorem tax sharing.
1. An agreement establishing a community cluster shall require the approval of the registered voters residing within the area of the cluster if the agreement provides for the sharing of revenues from ad valorem property taxes. The proposition shall be submitted to the electorate by each governmental unit forming the community cluster to the electors residing within the area of the governmental unit at a general election or at a special election. However, if a county has designated only certain townships as being included within the community cluster, the proposition shall be submitted to the electorate of the county residing only in the townships included in the community cluster.
2. The ballot for the election shall be prepared in substantially the form for submitting special questions at general elections.
3. If a majority of the registered voters in the area of each governmental unit within the proposed community cluster voting on the proposition vote in favor of the proposition, then the agreement establishing the community cluster shall take effect and the sharing of revenues from ad valorem property taxes is authorized. If the proposition fails in the area of one or more governmental units within the proposed community cluster voting on the proposition, then the governmental units in which the proposition passed may establish the community cluster in those areas in which the proposition passed and the sharing of revenues from ad valorem property taxes is authorized.
90 Acts, ch 1200, §5; 95 Acts, ch 67, §53; 2017 Acts, ch 54, §76
2023 Iowa Code › Title I - STATE SOVEREIGNTY AND MANAGEMENT › Chapter 28E - JOINT EXERCISE OF GOVERNMENTAL POWERS › Section 28E.40 - Regional metropolitan service area.

28E.40 Regional metropolitan service area.
Two or more contiguous counties, cities, or cities and counties may establish a regional metropolitan service area to provide for the joint delivery of services by an agreement under this chapter, subject to the limitations and requirements of sections 331.232, 331.260, 331.261, and 331.262, subsection 9.
91 Acts, ch 256, §1
2023 Iowa Code › Title I - STATE SOVEREIGNTY AND MANAGEMENT › Chapter 28E - JOINT EXERCISE OF GOVERNMENTAL POWERS › Section 28E.42 - Joint issuance of school district or fire district bonds.

28E.42 Joint issuance of school district or fire district bonds.
It is the intent of the general assembly to encourage school districts or fire districts to jointly issue general obligation bonds to fund separate projects proposed in each district and, by pooling their debt obligations, to realize a savings for taxpayers in each of the participating districts.
1. Two or more school districts may enter an agreement pursuant to this chapter for the purpose of financing projects for which debt obligations may be or have been incurred pursuant to chapter 296 or 298. For purposes of this section, “school district” means a public school district described in chapter 274.
2. Two or more fire districts may enter an agreement pursuant to this chapter for the purpose of financing projects for which debt obligations may be or have been incurred pursuant to chapter 74, 75, 331, 357B, 359, or 384. For purposes of this section, “fire district” means any governmental entity which provides fire protection services.
99 Acts, ch 145, §2
2023 Iowa Code › Title I - STATE SOVEREIGNTY AND MANAGEMENT › Chapter 28F - JOINT FINANCING OF PUBLIC WORKS AND FACILITIES › Section 28F.1 - Scope of chapter — limitations.

28F.1 Scope of chapter — limitations.
1. This chapter provides a means for the joint financing by public agencies of works or facilities useful and necessary for the collection, treatment, purification, and disposal in a sanitary manner of liquid and solid waste, sewage, and industrial waste, facilities used for the conversion of solid waste to energy, gasworks and facilities useful for the delivery of natural gas service, and also electric power facilities constructed within the state of Iowa, except that hydroelectric power facilities may also be located in the waters and on the dams of or on land adjacent to either side of the Mississippi or Missouri river bordering the state of Iowa, water supply systems, swimming pools or golf courses. This chapter applies to the acquisition, construction, reconstruction, ownership, operation, repair, extension, or improvement of such works or facilities, by a separate administrative or legal entity created pursuant to chapter 28E or chapter 389. When the legal entity created under this chapter is comprised solely of cities, counties, and sanitary districts established under chapter 358, or any combination thereof or any combination of the foregoing with other public agencies, the entity shall be both a corporation and a political subdivision with the name under which it was organized. The legal entity may sue and be sued, contract, acquire and hold real and personal property necessary for corporate purposes, adopt a corporate seal and alter the seal at pleasure, and execute all the powers conferred in this chapter.
2. A city shall not join an entity created under this chapter for the purpose of financing electric power facilities unless that city had established a municipal electric utility as of July 1, 1984. Power supplied by a municipal power agency shall not be furnished to a municipal utility not existing as of July 1, 1984.
[C71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, S81, §28F.1; 81 Acts, ch 31, §1]
83 Acts, ch 127, §4; 85 Acts, ch 78, §2; 87 Acts, ch 225, §402; 91 Acts, ch 168, §1; 2010 Acts, ch 1018, §3; 2018 Acts, ch 1135, §1
Referred to in §28F.2, 28F.3, 28F.13, 28F.14, 389.3, 390.11
2023 Iowa Code › Title I - STATE SOVEREIGNTY AND MANAGEMENT › Chapter 28F - JOINT FINANCING OF PUBLIC WORKS AND FACILITIES › Section 28F.2 - Definitions.

28F.2 Definitions.
As used in this chapter, unless the context otherwise requires:
1. “Electric power agency” means an entity financing or acquiring electric power facilities pursuant to this chapter or chapter 28E.
2. “Project” or “projects” means any works or facilities referred to in section 28F.1 and shall include all property real and personal, pertinent thereto or connected with such project or projects, and the existing works or facilities, if any, to which such project or projects are an extension, addition, betterment, or improvement.
3. “Public agency”, “state”, and “private agency” shall have the meanings prescribed by section 28E.2.
[C71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, S81, §28F.2; 81 Acts, ch 31, §7]
2001 Acts, 1st Ex, ch 4, §3, 36; 2010 Acts, ch 1018, §4
Referred to in §12C.1
Electric power agencies, see also chapter 390
2023 Iowa Code › Title I - STATE SOVEREIGNTY AND MANAGEMENT › Chapter 28F - JOINT FINANCING OF PUBLIC WORKS AND FACILITIES › Section 28F.3 - Revenue bonds.

28F.3 Revenue bonds.
An entity created to carry out an agreement authorizing the joint exercise of those governmental powers enumerated in section 28F.1 shall have power to construct, acquire, own, repair, improve, expand, operate and maintain a project or projects necessary to carry out the purposes of such agreement, and to issue from time to time revenue bonds payable from the revenues derived from such project or projects, or any combination of such projects, to finance the cost or part of the cost of the acquisition, construction, reconstruction, repair, extension or improvement of such project or projects, including the acquisition for the purposes of such agreement, of any property, real or personal or mixed therefor. The power of the entity to issue revenue bonds shall not be exercised until authorized by resolution duly adopted by each of the public agencies participating in such agreement. Public agencies participating in such an agreement may not withdraw or in any way terminate, amend, or modify in any manner to the detriment of the bondholders said agreement if revenue bonds or obligations issued in anticipation of the issuance of said revenue bonds have been issued and are then outstanding and unpaid as provided for herein. Any revenue bonds for the payment and discharge of which, upon maturity or upon redemption prior to maturity, provision has been made through the setting apart in a reserve fund or special trust account created pursuant to this chapter to insure the payment thereof, of moneys sufficient for that purpose or through the irrevocable segregation for that purpose in a sinking fund or other fund or trust account of moneys sufficient therefor, shall be deemed to be no longer outstanding and unpaid within the meaning of any provision of this chapter.
[C71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, §28F.3]
Referred to in §28F.4
2023 Iowa Code › Title I - STATE SOVEREIGNTY AND MANAGEMENT › Chapter 28F - JOINT FINANCING OF PUBLIC WORKS AND FACILITIES › Section 28F.4 - Use of proceeds — negotiability.

28F.4 Use of proceeds — negotiability.
Revenue bonds may be issued, as provided in section 28F.3, to provide all or any part of the funds required to finance the cost of the acquisition, construction, reconstruction, repair, extension or improvement of any project or projects or other purposes authorized under this chapter and such cost shall include, but shall not be limited to, administrative expenses, acquisition and construction costs, engineering, fiscal or financial and legal expenses, surveys, plans and specifications, interest during such construction, reconstruction, repair, extension or improvement or acquisition and for one year after completion of such construction, reconstruction, repair, extension or improvement or after acquisition of the project or projects, initial reserve funds, acquisition of real or personal property, including franchises, and such other costs as are necessary and incidental to the construction, reconstruction, repair, extension or improvement, or acquisition of such project or projects and the financing thereof. Such an entity shall have the power to retain and enter into agreements with engineers, fiscal agents, financial advisers, attorneys, architects or other consultants or advisers for planning, supervision and financing of such project or projects upon such terms and conditions as shall be deemed advisable and in the best interest of the entity. Bonds issued under the provisions of this chapter are declared to be investment securities under the laws of the state of Iowa.
[C71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, §28F.4]
2023 Iowa Code › Title I - STATE SOVEREIGNTY AND MANAGEMENT › Chapter 28F - JOINT FINANCING OF PUBLIC WORKS AND FACILITIES › Section 28F.6 - Bonds not debts of the public agencies.

28F.6 Bonds not debts of the public agencies.
The principal of and interest on the bonds issued by an entity under the provisions of this chapter shall be payable solely from and secured by the net revenues of the project or projects and from other funds of the entity lawfully available therefor as provided in section 28F.5 and said bonds shall not in any respect be a general obligation of any public agency participating in said entity nor shall the entity or any public agency participating in said entity be in any manner liable by reason of such net revenues or other funds being insufficient to pay said bonds. All bonds issued by the entity shall contain a recital on their face that neither the payment of the principal nor any part thereof nor any interest thereon constitutes a debt, liability or obligation of any of the public agencies participating in the agreement creating such entity or of the entity itself, except that the entity shall be liable for the payment of such bonds from the net revenues derived from the project or projects and from the other moneys lawfully available therefor and pledged thereto pursuant to the provisions of the resolution which authorized their issuance. Said bonds issued by the entity shall be authorized by resolution which may be adopted at the same meeting at which it was introduced by a majority of the members of the governing body of the entity. The terms, conditions and provisions for the authorization, issuance, sale, and security of said bonds and of the holders thereof shall be set forth in said resolution.
[C71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, §28F.6]
2023 Iowa Code › Title I - STATE SOVEREIGNTY AND MANAGEMENT › Chapter 28F - JOINT FINANCING OF PUBLIC WORKS AND FACILITIES › Section 28F.7 - Construction and operation of project.

28F.7 Construction and operation of project.
1. An entity shall operate, maintain and preserve a project in good repair and working order, and shall construct and operate the project in an efficient and economical manner, provided that the entity may lease or rent a project or any part of a project, or otherwise provide for the construction and operation of a project or any part of a project in the manner and upon the terms as the governing body of the entity directs.
2. The electric light and power plant and system of any public agency participating in and receiving wholesale power from electric power facilities owned, operated, or financed pursuant to this chapter shall meet the standards of the national electric safety code of 1968, as amended to and including January 1, 1981, of the national fire protection association.
[C71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, S81, §28F.7; 81 Acts, ch 31, §2]
2023 Iowa Code › Title I - STATE SOVEREIGNTY AND MANAGEMENT › Chapter 28F - JOINT FINANCING OF PUBLIC WORKS AND FACILITIES › Section 28F.8 - Details of revenue bonds.

28F.8 Details of revenue bonds.
Revenue bonds issued pursuant to this chapter shall bear interest at rates not exceeding those permitted by chapter 74A for revenue bonds issued by a city, may be in one or more series, may bear dates, may mature at times not exceeding forty years from their respective dates, may be payable in a medium of payment, at places within the state, may carry registration privileges, may be subject to terms of prior redemption, with or without premium, may be executed in the manner, may contain terms, covenants and conditions, may be sold at public or private sale in the manner and on terms provided by the entity or may be exchanged for outstanding interim notes, and may be in a form otherwise, as the resolution or subsequent resolutions provide.
[C71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, S81, §28F.8; 81 Acts, ch 31, §3]
2023 Iowa Code › Title I - STATE SOVEREIGNTY AND MANAGEMENT › Chapter 28F - JOINT FINANCING OF PUBLIC WORKS AND FACILITIES › Section 28F.9 - Issuance of interim notes.

28F.9 Issuance of interim notes.
The entity may borrow money for the purposes for which bonds may be issued, in anticipation of the receipt of the proceeds of the sale of bonds. Notes shall be issued for moneys borrowed under this section, and the notes may be renewed. The notes shall be authorized by resolution of the governing body of the entity and may be issued in denominations, bear interest at rates not exceeding the maximum rate of interest permitted by chapter 74A for pledge orders issued by a city, shall be in a form and shall be executed in a manner, all as the entity prescribes. If the notes are renewal notes, they may be exchanged for notes then outstanding on terms the governing body of the entity determines. Notes may be sold at public or private sale or may be issued to persons furnishing materials and services constituting a part of the cost of the acquisition, construction, reconstruction, repair, extension or improvement of a project. The governing body of the entity may retire any notes from the revenues derived from the project or from other moneys of the entity which are lawfully available for that purpose or from a combination of each, in lieu of retiring them by means of bond proceeds.
[C71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, S81, §28F.9; 81 Acts, ch 31, §4]
2023 Iowa Code › Title I - STATE SOVEREIGNTY AND MANAGEMENT › Chapter 28F - JOINT FINANCING OF PUBLIC WORKS AND FACILITIES › Section 28F.10 - Refunding bonds.

28F.10 Refunding bonds.
Refunding bonds may be issued by an entity in a principal amount sufficient to provide funds for the payment, including premium, if any, of bonds issued by the entity pursuant to the provisions of this chapter to be refunded thereby and the interest thereon and in addition for the payment of all expenses incident to the calling, retiring, or paying of such outstanding bonds to be refunded. Refunding bonds may also finance the construction of a project or projects authorized by this chapter or the improvement, addition, betterment or extension of an existing project or projects so authorized. Refunding bonds shall not be issued to refund the principal of and interest on any bonds to be refunded unless such bonds mature or are redeemable under their terms within ten years from the date of delivery of the refunding bonds. The proceeds of the refunding bonds to be used for the payment of the principal of, interest on and redemption premiums, if any, on the bonds to be refunded which will not be due and payable immediately shall be deposited in trust for the sole purpose of making such payments in a bank or trust company within the state. Any moneys in such trust fund, prior to the date such funds will be needed for the payment of such principal of, interest on and redemption premiums, if any, of such outstanding bonds to be refunded, may be invested or reinvested as provided in the resolution authorizing the refunding bonds. Refunding bonds shall be issued in the same manner and detail as revenue bonds herein authorized.
[C71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, §28F.10]
2016 Acts, ch 1011, §6; 2017 Acts, ch 29, §22
2023 Iowa Code › Title I - STATE SOVEREIGNTY AND MANAGEMENT › Chapter 28F - JOINT FINANCING OF PUBLIC WORKS AND FACILITIES › Section 28F.11 - Eminent domain.

28F.11 Eminent domain.
Any public agency participating in an agreement authorizing the joint exercise of governmental powers pursuant to this chapter may exercise its power of eminent domain to acquire interests in property, under provisions of law then in effect and applicable to the public agency, for the use of the entity created to carry out the agreement, provided that the power of eminent domain is not used to acquire interests in property which is part of a system of facilities in existence, under construction, or planned, for the generation, transmission or sale of electric power, or for the transmission, transportation, or sale of natural gas. In the exercise of the power of eminent domain, the public agency shall proceed in the manner provided by chapter 6B. Any interests in property acquired are acquired for a public purpose, as defined in chapter 6A, of the condemning public agency, and the payment of the costs of the acquisition may be made pursuant to the agreement or to any separate agreement between the public agency and the entity or the other public agencies participating in the entity or any of them. Upon payment of costs, any property acquired is the property of the entity.
[C71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 81, S81, §28F.11; 81 Acts, ch 31, §5]
2006 Acts, 1st Ex, ch 1001, §28, 49; 2018 Acts, ch 1135, §2
Referred to in §28F.14
2023 Iowa Code › Title I - STATE SOVEREIGNTY AND MANAGEMENT › Chapter 28F - JOINT FINANCING OF PUBLIC WORKS AND FACILITIES › Section 28F.12 - Additional powers of the entity.

28F.12 Additional powers of the entity.
1. If the entity is comprised solely of cities, counties, and sanitary districts established under chapter 358, or any combination thereof, the entity shall have in addition to all the powers enumerated in this chapter, the powers that a county has with respect to solid waste disposal projects.
2. If the entity is comprised solely of cities, counties, and sanitary districts established under chapter 358, or any combination thereof, it is a governmental entity with respect to projects undertaken pursuant to chapter 418 and may exercise all of the powers of a governmental entity under that chapter in connection with a flood mitigation project. Unless otherwise provided in chapter 418, if the entity is undertaking a flood mitigation project as a governmental entity under chapter 418, the provisions of chapter 418 shall prevail over any conflicting provision in this chapter.
[C77, 79, 81, S81, §28F.12; 81 Acts, ch 117, §1003]
2015 Acts, ch 120, §12, 24, 25; 2016 Acts, ch 1073, §15
2023 Iowa Code › Title I - STATE SOVEREIGNTY AND MANAGEMENT › Chapter 28F - JOINT FINANCING OF PUBLIC WORKS AND FACILITIES › Section 28F.13 - Laws applicable.

28F.13 Laws applicable.
An entity created to carry out an agreement authorizing the joint exercise of the powers enumerated in section 28F.1 with regard to electric power facilities shall be subject to the provisions of chapter 21, relating to open meetings, chapter 22, relating to the examination of public records, chapter 97B, relating to the Iowa public employees’ retirement system and chapter 476A, relating to electric power generators.
[S81, §28F.13; 81 Acts, ch 31, §6]
2023 Iowa Code › Title I - STATE SOVEREIGNTY AND MANAGEMENT › Chapter 28F - JOINT FINANCING OF PUBLIC WORKS AND FACILITIES › Section 28F.14 - Hydroelectric utilities — eminent domain — contracts.

28F.14 Hydroelectric utilities — eminent domain — contracts.
1. As used in this section, “hydroelectric utility” means an entity comprised of any number of public agencies or entities created to carry out an agreement authorizing the joint exercise of any of the governmental powers enumerated in section 28F.1, which owns or operates or proposes to own or operate all or part of a hydroelectric power facility or the capacity or use of a hydroelectric power facility.
2. In addition to other powers, a hydroelectric utility having complied with chapter 469A shall have the power of eminent domain for the purposes of constructing a hydroelectric utility but before exercising the power it shall first exhaust all efforts to secure the necessary voluntary easements. The hydroelectric utility shall comply with provisions of law then in effect, including section 28F.11, and applicable to those public agencies comprising the hydroelectric utility in connection with the construction of hydroelectric power facilities.
3. In addition to other powers, the governing body of a hydroelectric utility may purchase all or part of any power plant and may purchase all or part of the capacity, power or energy associated with any power plant owned by, or contract to sell all or part of the hydroelectric utility’s power and energy including any surplus to, a public agency or private agency or an entity created to carry out an agreement authorizing the joint exercise of any of the governmental powers enumerated in section 28F.1. Any such entity, public agency, or hydroelectric utility may enter into contracts for the purchase or supply, from any source, of all or a portion of the capacity, power and energy requirements of the entity, public agency or hydroelectric utility on terms and conditions as the governing body of the entity, public agency or hydroelectric utility deems fit, subject to section 476.43. The terms may include provisions for the payment for capacity or output of a facility whether the facility is completed or operating, and for establishing the rights and obligations of all parties to the contract in the event of default. Payments made by an entity, public agency or hydroelectric utility under contracts constitute operating expenses of the entity, public agency or hydroelectric utility payable from the revenues derived from the electric power plant and systems of the entity, public agency or hydroelectric utility.
85 Acts, ch 78, §1; 2016 Acts, ch 1011, §121
2023 Iowa Code › Title I - STATE SOVEREIGNTY AND MANAGEMENT › Chapter 28G - INTERGOVERNMENTAL SOLID WASTE SERVICES › Section 28G.1 - Purpose.

28G.1 Purpose.
The purpose of this chapter is to allow two or more local governments to form a public service monopoly when they find that a public service monopoly is an effective means to protect the public health and welfare, and the environment through any of the following:
1. Adequate solid waste collection, transportation, storage and disposal practices which are the only effective means of allowing the construction and utilization of a resource recovery facility for the recycling of solid waste for use as an energy source.
2. The implementation of other solid waste management projects, such as source reduction and recycling, which are part of an approved comprehensive plan required under section 455B.306, and if the formation of a public service monopoly is the only effective means of accomplishing solid waste reduction and recycling. The public service monopoly shall utilize private recycling industries in the service area when possible.
84 Acts, ch 1039, §1; 92 Acts, ch 1215, §1
2023 Iowa Code › Title I - STATE SOVEREIGNTY AND MANAGEMENT › Chapter 28G - INTERGOVERNMENTAL SOLID WASTE SERVICES › Section 28G.2 - Definitions.

28G.2 Definitions.
As used in this chapter, unless the context otherwise requires:
1. “Private agency” means a private agency as defined in section 28E.2.
2. “Recyclable materials” means those materials separated by a person from solid waste incidental to the collection of the solid waste for utilization as raw materials to be manufactured into a new product.
3. “Solid waste management project” means a project which is part of the comprehensive plan, approved by the director of the department of natural resources pursuant to section 455B.306, to establish and implement the comprehensive solid waste reduction program of a city or county.
84 Acts, ch 1039, §2; 92 Acts, ch 1215, §2
Referred to in §28G.3, 28G.4
2023 Iowa Code › Title I - STATE SOVEREIGNTY AND MANAGEMENT › Chapter 28G - INTERGOVERNMENTAL SOLID WASTE SERVICES › Section 28G.3 - Creation of public service monopoly.

28G.3 Creation of public service monopoly.
If two or more local governments find that the only effective means of allowing the construction and utilization of a resource recovery facility for the recycling of solid waste for use as an energy source or to implement solid waste management projects as defined in section 28G.2 is to create a public service monopoly, a legal entity shall be created pursuant to chapter 28E by agreement of two or more local governments to displace competition with regulation and monopoly of a public service for the collection, transportation, storage, and disposal, or diversion of solid waste to the extent reasonably necessary to carry out these functions. The agreement is subject to approval of the environmental protection commission before it becomes effective.
84 Acts, ch 1039, §3; 89 Acts, ch 83, §14; 92 Acts, ch 1215, §3
2023 Iowa Code › Title I - STATE SOVEREIGNTY AND MANAGEMENT › Chapter 28G - INTERGOVERNMENTAL SOLID WASTE SERVICES › Section 28G.4 - Powers of entity.

28G.4 Powers of entity.
A legal entity created pursuant to chapter 28E and operating under this chapter has all the rights, powers, privileges, and immunities of local governments relating to the purpose for which it is created. A legal entity operating under this chapter may:
1. Engage in, manage, own, operate, and regulate the collection, transportation, storage, and disposal or diversion of solid waste including, but not limited to, the designation of a specific facility which must be used for the collection, transportation, storage, and disposal or diversion of solid waste within its jurisdiction or geographic area.
2. Grant permits, licenses, or franchises, exclusive or nonexclusive, or a combination of exclusive or nonexclusive franchises, to solid waste management services.
3. Enter into contracts for construction and may contract, license, or permit the construction of resource recovery facilities for recycling of solid waste for an energy source or of facilities necessary to implement solid waste management projects as defined in section 28G.2.
4. Require the use of the resource recovery facilities or of facilities necessary to implement solid waste management projects as defined in section 28G.2, by any person who can be effectively served by the facilities. However, this subsection does not prohibit a private agency from dumping or depositing solid waste resulting from its own residential, farming, manufacturing, mining, or commercial activities on land owned or leased by it if the action does not violate any statute of this state or rules adopted by the environmental protection commission or local boards of health or local ordinances.
84 Acts, ch 1039, §4; 92 Acts, ch 1215, §4
2023 Iowa Code › Title I - STATE SOVEREIGNTY AND MANAGEMENT › Chapter 28G - INTERGOVERNMENTAL SOLID WASTE SERVICES › Section 28G.5 - Revenue bonds.

28G.5 Revenue bonds.
A legal entity operating under this chapter may issue bonds as provided under chapter 28F for the planning, design, acquisition, construction, reconstruction, improvement, equipping, and furnishing of a solid waste management project as authorized under this chapter.
84 Acts, ch 1039, §5
2023 Iowa Code › Title I - STATE SOVEREIGNTY AND MANAGEMENT › Chapter 28G - INTERGOVERNMENTAL SOLID WASTE SERVICES › Section 28G.6 - Annual report.

28G.6 Annual report.
A legal entity created pursuant to chapter 28E and operating under this chapter shall report annually to the department of natural resources. The report shall include information on permits, licenses or franchises granted by the legal entity, contracts entered into, and other information requested by the environmental protection commission.
84 Acts, ch 1039, §6; 88 Acts, ch 1134, §17
2023 Iowa Code › Title I - STATE SOVEREIGNTY AND MANAGEMENT › Chapter 28H - COUNCILS OF GOVERNMENTS › Section 28H.1 - Councils of governments established.

28H.1 Councils of governments established.
For purposes of this chapter, a council of governments includes the following areas established by executive order number 11, 1968 or a chapter 28E agreement:
1. Upper explorerland regional planning commission serving Allamakee, Clayton, Fayette, Howard, and Winneshiek counties.
2. North Iowa area council of governments serving Cerro Gordo, Floyd, Franklin, Hancock, Kossuth, Mitchell, Winnebago, and Worth counties.
3. Northwest Iowa planning and development commission serving Buena Vista, Clay, Dickinson, Emmet, Lyon, O’Brien, Osceola, Palo Alto, and Sioux counties.
4. Siouxland interstate metropolitan planning council serving Ida, Monona, Plymouth, Woodbury, and Cherokee counties.
5. MIDAS council of governments serving Calhoun, Hamilton, Humboldt, Pocahontas, Webster, and Wright counties.
6. Region six planning commission serving Hardin, Poweshiek, Tama, and Marshall counties.
7. Iowa northland regional council of governments serving Black Hawk, Bremer, Buchanan, Butler, Chickasaw, and Grundy counties.
8. East central intergovernmental association serving Cedar, Clinton, Delaware, Dubuque, and Jackson counties.
9. Bi-state metropolitan planning commission serving Scott and Muscatine counties.
10. East central Iowa council of governments serving Benton, Iowa, Johnson, Jones, Linn, and Washington counties.
11. Region twelve council of governments serving Audubon, Carroll, Crawford, Greene, Guthrie, and Sac counties.
12. Southwest Iowa planning council serving Cass, Fremont, Harrison, Montgomery, Page, and Shelby counties.
13. Southern Iowa council of governments serving Adair, Adams, Clarke, Decatur, Madison, Ringgold, Taylor, and Union counties.
14. Area fifteen regional planning commission serving Davis, Jefferson, Keokuk, Mahaska, Van Buren, and Wapello counties.
15. Southeast Iowa regional planning commission serving Des Moines, Henry, Lee, and Louisa counties.
16. Metropolitan area planning agency serving Mills and Pottawattamie counties.
17. Chariton valley council of governments serving Appanoose, Lucas, Monroe, and Wayne counties.
90 Acts, ch 1157, §1; 90 Acts, ch 1262, §40; 2007 Acts, ch 76, §1, 2; 2011 Acts, ch 34, §13
Referred to in §28H.3
Boone, Dallas, Jasper, Marion, Polk, Story, and Warren counties, or combinations of these, may form councils of governments or associate with any existing councils of governments;
90 Acts, ch 1157, §6
;
90 Acts, ch 1262, §41
2023 Iowa Code › Title I - STATE SOVEREIGNTY AND MANAGEMENT › Chapter 28H - COUNCILS OF GOVERNMENTS › Section 28H.2 - Work program — coordination.

28H.2 Work program — coordination.
1. Each council of governments shall adopt each year a work program to establish guidelines for delivery of services and activities to communities in the area. The work program shall include but is not limited to the following:
a. Cooperation in delivery of community development programs and services to units of local government.
b. Cooperation with the regional coordinating council in the development of plans and programs for community development.
2. The councils of governments shall receive information and recommendations on issues of regional economic importance from the regional coordinating council for possible use in the regional community development plan.
90 Acts, ch 1157, §2; 2009 Acts, ch 82, §15
2023 Iowa Code › Title I - STATE SOVEREIGNTY AND MANAGEMENT › Chapter 28H - COUNCILS OF GOVERNMENTS › Section 28H.3 - Duties.

28H.3 Duties.
A council of governments shall perform, but is not limited to, the following duties:
1. Provide planning services or technical assistance to the region defined in section 28H.1.
2. Coordinate regional community development planning to assist community development and planning.
3. Coordinate delivery of community development programs and services with local, state, and federal programs and activities.
4. Prepare a regional community development plan which shall be updated annually. The plan shall include but is not limited to the following:
a. Inventory and needs assessment of regional infrastructure.
b. Labor supply.
c. Cultural and fine arts resources.
d. Housing.
e. Primary health care services.
f. Natural resources, conservation, and recreational facilities.
g. Region-wide development opportunities.
90 Acts, ch 1157, §3
2023 Iowa Code › Title I - STATE SOVEREIGNTY AND MANAGEMENT › Chapter 28H - COUNCILS OF GOVERNMENTS › Section 28H.4 - Membership — liability of members.

28H.4 Membership — liability of members.
1. Membership, appointments, and terms of office shall be governed by bylaws adopted by each council of governments.
2. A director, officer, employee, member, trustee, or volunteer of a council of governments is not liable for the debts or obligations of the council of governments. A director, officer, employee, member, trustee, or volunteer is not personally liable for a claim based upon an act or omission of the person performed in the discharge of the person’s duties, except for acts or omissions which involve intentional misconduct or knowing violation of the law, or for a transaction for which the person derives an improper personal benefit.
90 Acts, ch 1157, §4