reglab/statecodes huggingface dataset:
2023 Iowa Code › Title XVI - CRIMINAL LAW AND PROCEDURE › Chapter 712 - ARSON › Section 712.6 - Explosive or incendiary materials or devices.

712.6 Explosive or incendiary materials or devices.
1. A person who possesses any incendiary or explosive device or material with the intent to use such device or material to commit a public offense shall be guilty of a class “C” felony.
2. a. A person who possesses any incendiary or explosive device or material shall be guilty of an aggravated misdemeanor.
b. This subsection does not apply to a person holding a valid commercial license or user’s permit issued pursuant to chapter 101A, provided that the person is acting within the scope of authority granted by the license or permit.
3. A person who, with the intent to intimidate, annoy, or alarm another person, places a simulated explosive or simulated incendiary device in or near an occupied structure as defined in section 702.12, is guilty of a serious misdemeanor.
[C71, 73, 75, 77, §697.11; C79, 81, §712.6]
2004 Acts, ch 1125, §16; 2008 Acts, ch 1147, §4
Referred to in §712.9
2023 Iowa Code › Title XVI - CRIMINAL LAW AND PROCEDURE › Chapter 712 - ARSON › Section 712.7 - False reports.

712.7 False reports.
A person who, knowing the information to be false, conveys or causes to be conveyed to any person any false information concerning the placement of any incendiary or explosive device or material or other destructive substance or device in any place where persons or property would be endangered commits a class “D” felony.
[C71, 73, 75, 77, §697.6; C79, 81, §712.7]
Referred to in §712.9
2023 Iowa Code › Title XVI - CRIMINAL LAW AND PROCEDURE › Chapter 712 - ARSON › Section 712.8 - Threats.

712.8 Threats.
Any person who threatens to place or attempts to place any incendiary or explosive device or material, or any destructive substance or device in any place where it will endanger persons or property, commits a class “D” felony.
[C71, 73, 75, 77, §697.7; C79, 81, §712.8]
Referred to in §712.9
2023 Iowa Code › Title XVI - CRIMINAL LAW AND PROCEDURE › Chapter 712 - ARSON › Section 712.9 - Violations of individual rights — penalties.

712.9 Violations of individual rights — penalties.
A violation of sections 712.3 through 712.8, which is also a hate crime as defined in section 729A.2, shall be classified and punished as an offense one degree higher than the underlying offense.
92 Acts, ch 1157, §4
Referred to in §729A.2
2023 Iowa Code › Title XVI - CRIMINAL LAW AND PROCEDURE › Chapter 713 - BURGLARY › Section 713.1 - Burglary defined.

713.1 Burglary defined.
Any person, having the intent to commit a felony, assault or theft therein, who, having no right, license or privilege to do so, enters an occupied structure, such occupied structure not being open to the public, or who remains therein after it is closed to the public or after the person’s right, license or privilege to be there has expired, or any person having such intent who breaks an occupied structure, commits burglary.
[C51, §2608, 2611; R60, §4232, 4235; C73, §3891, 3894; C97, §4787, 4791, 4792, 4794; C24, 27, 31, 35, 39, §12994, 13001 – 13004; C46, 50, 54, 58, 62, 66, 71, 73, 75, 77, §708.1, 708.8 – 708.11; C79, 81, §713.1]
84 Acts, ch 1247, §2
Referred to in §229A.2
Definition of occupied structure, §702.12
2023 Iowa Code › Title XVI - CRIMINAL LAW AND PROCEDURE › Chapter 713 - BURGLARY › Section 713.2 - Attempted burglary defined.

713.2 Attempted burglary defined.
Any person, having the intent to commit a felony, assault or theft therein, who, having no right, license, or privilege to do so, attempts to enter an occupied structure, the occupied structure not being open to the public, or who attempts to remain therein after it is closed to the public or after the person’s right, license, or privilege to be there has expired, or any person having such intent who attempts to break an occupied structure, commits attempted burglary.
[81 Acts, ch 204, §8]
84 Acts, ch 1247, §3
2023 Iowa Code › Title XVI - CRIMINAL LAW AND PROCEDURE › Chapter 713 - BURGLARY › Section 713.3 - Burglary in the first degree.

713.3 Burglary in the first degree.
1. A person commits burglary in the first degree if, while perpetrating a burglary in or upon an occupied structure in which one or more persons are present, any of the following circumstances apply:
a. The person has possession of an explosive or incendiary device or material.
b. The person has possession of a dangerous weapon.
c. The person intentionally or recklessly inflicts bodily injury on any person.
d. The person performs or participates in a sex act with any person which would constitute sexual abuse under section 709.1.
2. Burglary in the first degree is a class “B” felony.
3. For purposes of determining whether the person should register as a sex offender pursuant to the provisions of chapter 692A for violations of subsection 1, paragraphs “a”, “b”, or “c”, the fact finder shall make a determination as provided in section 692A.126.
[C51, §2609; R60, §4233; C73, §3892; C97, §4788; S13, §4799-a; C24, 27, 31, 35, 39; §12995, 12997 – 12999; C46, 50, 54, 58, 62, 66, 71, 73, 75, 77, §708.2, 708.4-708.6, C79, 81, §713.2]
C83, §713.3
90 Acts, ch 1233, §41; 92 Acts, ch 1231, §57; 94 Acts, ch 1107, §15; 98 Acts, ch 1059, §1; 2010 Acts, ch 1104, §16, 23
Referred to in §692A.101, 692A.102, 692A.126, 903B.1
Definition of forcible felony, see §702.11
2023 Iowa Code › Title XVI - CRIMINAL LAW AND PROCEDURE › Chapter 713 - BURGLARY › Section 713.4 - Attempted burglary in the first degree.

713.4 Attempted burglary in the first degree.
1. A person commits attempted burglary in the first degree if, while perpetrating an attempted burglary in or upon an occupied structure in which one or more persons are present, the person has possession of an explosive or incendiary device or material, or a dangerous weapon, or intentionally or recklessly inflicts bodily injury on any person.
2. Attempted burglary in the first degree is a class “C” felony.
3. For purposes of determining whether the person should register as a sex offender pursuant to the provisions of chapter 692A, the fact finder shall make a determination as provided in section 692A.126.
[81 Acts, ch 204, §8]
C83, §713.4
92 Acts, ch 1231, §58; 94 Acts, ch 1107, §16; 2010 Acts, ch 1104, §17, 23
Referred to in §692A.102, 692A.126
2023 Iowa Code › Title XVI - CRIMINAL LAW AND PROCEDURE › Chapter 713 - BURGLARY › Section 713.5 - Burglary in the second degree.

713.5 Burglary in the second degree.
1. A person commits burglary in the second degree in either of the following circumstances:
a. While perpetrating a burglary in or upon an occupied structure in which no persons are present, the person has possession of an explosive or incendiary device or material, or a dangerous weapon, or a bodily injury results to any person.
b. While perpetrating a burglary in or upon an occupied structure in which one or more persons are present, the person does not have possession of an explosive or incendiary device or material, nor a dangerous weapon, and no bodily injury is caused to any person.
2. Burglary in the second degree is a class “C” felony.
3. For purposes of determining whether the person should register as a sex offender pursuant to the provisions of chapter 692A, the fact finder shall make a determination as provided in section 692A.126.
[C79, 81, §713.3]
C83, §713.5
92 Acts, ch 1231, §59; 94 Acts, ch 1107, §17; 2010 Acts, ch 1104, §18, 23
Referred to in §692A.102, 692A.126
2023 Iowa Code › Title XVI - CRIMINAL LAW AND PROCEDURE › Chapter 713 - BURGLARY › Section 713.6 - Attempted burglary in the second degree.

713.6 Attempted burglary in the second degree.
1. A person commits attempted burglary in the second degree in either of the following circumstances:
a. While perpetrating an attempted burglary in or upon an occupied structure in which no persons are present, the person has possession of an explosive or incendiary device or material, or a dangerous weapon, or a bodily injury results to any person.
b. While perpetrating an attempted burglary in or upon an occupied structure in which one or more persons are present, the person does not have possession of an explosive or incendiary device or material, nor a dangerous weapon, and no bodily injury is caused to any person.
2. Attempted burglary in the second degree is a class “D” felony.
3. For purposes of determining whether the person should register as a sex offender pursuant to the provisions of chapter 692A, the fact finder shall make a determination as provided in section 692A.126.
[81 Acts, ch 204, §8]
92 Acts, ch 1231, §60; 94 Acts, ch 1107, §18; 2010 Acts, ch 1104, §19, 23
Referred to in §692A.102, 692A.126
2023 Iowa Code › Title XVI - CRIMINAL LAW AND PROCEDURE › Chapter 713 - BURGLARY › Section 713.6A - Burglary in the third degree.

713.6A Burglary in the third degree.
1. All burglary which is not burglary in the first degree or burglary in the second degree is burglary in the third degree. Burglary in the third degree is a class “D” felony, except as provided in subsection 2.
2. Burglary in the third degree involving a burglary of an unoccupied motor vehicle or motor truck as defined in section 321.1, or a vessel defined in section 462A.2, is an aggravated misdemeanor for a first offense. A second or subsequent conviction under this subsection is punishable under subsection 1.
3. For purposes of determining whether the person should register as a sex offender pursuant to the provisions of chapter 692A, the fact finder shall make a determination as provided in section 692A.126.
92 Acts, ch 1231, §61; 2001 Acts, ch 165, §1; 2002 Acts, ch 1050, §53; 2010 Acts, ch 1104, §20, 23
Referred to in §692A.102, 692A.126
2023 Iowa Code › Title XVI - CRIMINAL LAW AND PROCEDURE › Chapter 713 - BURGLARY › Section 713.6B - Attempted burglary in the third degree.

713.6B Attempted burglary in the third degree.
1. All attempted burglary which is not attempted burglary in the first degree or attempted burglary in the second degree is attempted burglary in the third degree. Attempted burglary in the third degree is an aggravated misdemeanor, except as provided in subsection 2.
2. Attempted burglary in the third degree involving an attempted burglary of an unoccupied motor vehicle or motor truck as defined in section 321.1, or a vessel defined in section 462A.2, is a serious misdemeanor for a first offense. A second or subsequent conviction under this subsection is punishable under subsection 1.
3. For purposes of determining whether the person should register as a sex offender pursuant to the provisions of chapter 692A, the fact finder shall make a determination as provided in section 692A.126.
92 Acts, ch 1231, §62; 2001 Acts, ch 165, §2; 2002 Acts, ch 1050, §54; 2010 Acts, ch 1104, §21, 23
Referred to in §692A.102, 692A.126
2023 Iowa Code › Title XVI - CRIMINAL LAW AND PROCEDURE › Chapter 713 - BURGLARY › Section 713.7 - Possession of burglar’s tools.

713.7 Possession of burglar’s tools.
Any person who possesses any key, tool, instrument, device or any explosive, with the intent to use it in the perpetration of a burglary, commits an aggravated misdemeanor.
[C97, §4790; S13, §4790; C24, 27, 31, 35, 39, §13000; C46, 50, 54, 58, 62, 66, 71, 73, 75, 77, §708.7; C79, 81, §713.4]
C83, §713.7
92 Acts, ch 1231, §63
2023 Iowa Code › Title XVI - CRIMINAL LAW AND PROCEDURE › Chapter 714 - THEFT, FRAUD, AND RELATED OFFENSES › Section 714.2 - Degrees of theft.

714.2 Degrees of theft.
1. The theft of property exceeding ten thousand dollars in value, or the theft of property from the person of another, or from a building which has been destroyed or left unoccupied because of physical disaster, riot, bombing, or the proximity of battle, or the theft of property which has been removed from a building because of a physical disaster, riot, bombing, or the proximity of battle, is theft in the first degree. Theft in the first degree is a class “C” felony.
2. The theft of property exceeding one thousand five hundred dollars but not exceeding ten thousand dollars in value or theft of a motor vehicle as defined in chapter 321 not exceeding ten thousand dollars in value, is theft in the second degree. Theft in the second degree is a class “D” felony. However, for purposes of this subsection, “motor vehicle” does not include a motorized bicycle as defined in section 321.1, subsection 40, paragraph “b”.
3. The theft of property exceeding seven hundred fifty dollars but not exceeding one thousand five hundred dollars in value, or the theft of any property not exceeding seven hundred fifty dollars in value by one who has before been twice convicted of theft, is theft in the third degree. Theft in the third degree is an aggravated misdemeanor.
4. The theft of property exceeding three hundred dollars in value but not exceeding seven hundred fifty dollars in value is theft in the fourth degree. Theft in the fourth degree is a serious misdemeanor.
5. The theft of property not exceeding three hundred dollars in value is theft in the fifth degree. Theft in the fifth degree is a simple misdemeanor.
[C51, §2612, 2618; R60, §4237, 4243, 4247, 4251; C73, §3902, 3908, 3915; C97, §4831, 4840, 4846, 4850; S13, §4850; C24, 27, 31, 35, 39, §13006, 13016, 13026, 13028; C46, 50, 54, 58, §709.2, 709.9, 709.19, 710.2; C62, 66, 71, 73, 75, 77, §709.2, 709.9, 709.19, 709.20, 710.2; C79, 81, §714.2; 81 Acts, ch 204, §9]
83 Acts, ch 134, §1; 92 Acts, ch 1060, §1; 99 Acts, ch 153, §11; 2019 Acts, ch 140, §11; 2020 Acts, ch 1044, §1
Referred to in §481A.147, 714.2A, 714.7C, 714.7D, 911.5
2023 Iowa Code › Title XVI - CRIMINAL LAW AND PROCEDURE › Chapter 714 - THEFT, FRAUD, AND RELATED OFFENSES › Section 714.2A - Theft against an older individual.

714.2A Theft against an older individual.
1. If a person commits theft against an individual who was an older individual at the time the theft was committed and knew or should have known the conduct was directed at an older individual, notwithstanding the penalties specified in section 714.2, all of the following shall apply:
a. If a person commits theft in the first degree pursuant to section 714.2, subsection 1, the person is guilty of a class “B” felony.
b. If a person commits theft in the second degree pursuant to section 714.2, subsection 2, the person is guilty of a class “C” felony.
c. If a person commits theft in the third degree pursuant to section 714.2, subsection 3, the person is guilty of a class “D” felony.
d. If a person commits theft in the fourth degree pursuant to section 714.2, subsection 4, the person is guilty of an aggravated misdemeanor.
e. If a person commits theft in the fifth degree pursuant to section 714.2, subsection 5, the person is guilty of a serious misdemeanor.
2. For the purposes of this section, “older individual” means an individual who is sixty years of age or older.
2022 Acts, ch 1132, §2
Referred to in §13.2, 726.24, 726.25
NEW section
2023 Iowa Code › Title XVI - CRIMINAL LAW AND PROCEDURE › Chapter 714 - THEFT, FRAUD, AND RELATED OFFENSES › Section 714.3 - Value.

714.3 Value.
1. The value of property is its highest value by any reasonable standard at the time that it is stolen. Reasonable standard includes but is not limited to market value within the community, actual value, or replacement value.
2. If money or property is stolen from the same person or location by two or more acts, or from different persons by two or more acts which occur in approximately the same location or time period, or from different locations by two or more acts within a thirty-day period, so that the thefts are attributable to a single scheme, plan, or conspiracy, these acts may be considered a single theft and the value may be the total value of all the property stolen.
[C51, §2625; R60, §4250; C73, §3909, 3914; C97, §4842, 4849; C24, 27, 31, 35, 39, §13007, 13032; C46, 50, 54, 58, 62, 66, 71, 73, 75, 77, §709.3, 710.6; C79, 81, §714.3]
84 Acts, ch 1162, §1; 85 Acts, ch 195, §60; 2004 Acts, ch 1087, §1
2023 Iowa Code › Title XVI - CRIMINAL LAW AND PROCEDURE › Chapter 714 - THEFT, FRAUD, AND RELATED OFFENSES › Section 714.4 - Claim of right.

714.4 Claim of right.
No person who takes, obtains, disposes of, or otherwise uses or acquires property, is guilty of theft by reason of such act if the person reasonably believes that the person has a right, privilege or license to do so, or if the person does in fact have such right, privilege or license.
[C79, 81, §714.4]
2023 Iowa Code › Title XVI - CRIMINAL LAW AND PROCEDURE › Chapter 714 - THEFT, FRAUD, AND RELATED OFFENSES › Section 714.5 - Library materials and equipment — unpurchased merchandise — evidence of intention.

714.5 Library materials and equipment — unpurchased merchandise — evidence of intention.
1. The fact that a person has concealed library materials or equipment as defined in section 702.22 or unpurchased property of a store or other mercantile establishment, either on the premises or outside the premises, is material evidence of intent to deprive the owner, and the finding of library materials or equipment or unpurchased property concealed upon the person or among the belongings of the person, is material evidence of intent to deprive and, if the person conceals or causes to be concealed library materials or equipment or unpurchased property, upon the person or among the belongings of another, the finding of the concealed materials, equipment or property is also material evidence of intent to deprive on the part of the person concealing the library materials, equipment or goods.
2. The fact that a person fails to return library materials for two months or more after the date the person agreed to return the library materials, or fails to return library equipment for one month or more after the date the person agreed to return the library equipment, is evidence of intent to deprive the owner, provided a reasonable attempt, including the mailing by restricted certified mail of notice that such material or equipment is overdue and criminal actions will be taken, has been made to reclaim the materials or equipment. Notices stating the provisions of this section and of section 808.12 with regard to library materials or equipment shall be posted in clear public view in all public libraries, in all libraries of educational, historical or charitable institutions, organizations or societies, in all museums and in all repositories of public records.
3. After the expiration of three days following the due date, the owner of borrowed library equipment may request the assistance of a dispute resolution center, mediation center or appropriate law enforcement agency in recovering the equipment from the borrower.
4. The owner of library equipment may require deposits by borrowers and in the case of late returns the owner may impose graduated penalties of up to twenty-five percent of the value of the equipment, based upon the lateness of the return.
5. In the case of lost library materials or equipment, arrangements may be made to make a monetary settlement.
[C62, 66, 71, 73, 75, 77, §709.21; C79, 81, §714.5]
85 Acts, ch 187, §2; 87 Acts, ch 56, §1; 2016 Acts, ch 1011, §121
Referred to in §808.12
2023 Iowa Code › Title XVI - CRIMINAL LAW AND PROCEDURE › Chapter 714 - THEFT, FRAUD, AND RELATED OFFENSES › Section 714.6A - Video or equipment rental property theft — evidence of intention — affirmative defense.

714.6A Video or equipment rental property theft — evidence of intention — affirmative defense.
1. The fact that a person obtains possession of video rental property or equipment rental property by means of deception, including but not limited to furnishing a false name, address, or other identification to the owner, is evidence that possession was obtained with intent to knowingly deprive the owner of the use and possession of the video rental property or equipment rental property.
2. The fact that a person, having lawfully obtained possession of video rental property or equipment rental property, fails to pay the owner the fair market value of the video rental property or equipment rental property or to return or make arrangements acceptable to the owner to return the video rental property or equipment rental property to the owner within forty-eight hours after receipt of written notice and demand from the owner is evidence of an intent to knowingly deprive the owner of the use and possession of the video rental property or equipment rental property.
3. It shall be an affirmative defense to a prosecution under section 714.1, subsection 9, paragraph “a”, if the defendant in possession of video rental property or equipment rental property pays the owner the fair market value of the video rental property or equipment rental property or returns the property to the owner within forty-eight hours of arrest, together with any standard overdue charges for the period that the owner was unlawfully deprived of possession, but not to exceed one hundred twenty days, and the value of the damage to the property, if any.
2000 Acts, ch 1201, §10; 2017 Acts, ch 89, §2
2023 Iowa Code › Title XVI - CRIMINAL LAW AND PROCEDURE › Chapter 714 - THEFT, FRAUD, AND RELATED OFFENSES › Section 714.7 - Operating vehicle without owner’s consent.

714.7 Operating vehicle without owner’s consent.
Any person who shall take possession or control of any railroad vehicle, or any self-propelled vehicle, aircraft, or motor boat, the property of another, without the consent of the owner of such, but without the intent to permanently deprive the owner thereof, shall be guilty of an aggravated misdemeanor. A violation of this section may be proved as a lesser included offense on an indictment or information charging theft.
[C97, §4813, 4814; S13, §4823; C24, 27, 31, 35, §13092, 13125 – 13127; C39, §5006.05, 13125 – 13127; C46, 50, 54, 58, 62, 66, 71, 73, 75, 77, §321.76, 716.13 – 716.15; C79, 81, §714.7]
2023 Iowa Code › Title XVI - CRIMINAL LAW AND PROCEDURE › Chapter 714 - THEFT, FRAUD, AND RELATED OFFENSES › Section 714.7B - Theft detection devices — shield or removal prohibited.

714.7B Theft detection devices — shield or removal prohibited.
1. A person shall not intentionally manufacture or attempt to manufacture, sell or attempt to sell, possess, use, distribute or attempt to distribute, a theft detection shielding device.
2. A person shall not remove or attempt to remove a theft detection device with the intent of committing a theft and without the permission of the merchant who is displaying or selling the goods, wares, or merchandise.
3. A person shall not possess any tool, instrument, or device with the intent to use it in the unlawful removal of a theft detection device.
4. For purposes of this section, “theft detection shielding device” means any laminated or coated bag or device designed to shield merchandise from detection by an electronic or magnetic theft alarm system or any other system designed to alert a person of a possible theft. “Theft detection device” means any electronic or other device attached to goods, wares, or merchandise on display or for sale by a merchant.
5. A person who violates subsection 1 or 3 commits a serious misdemeanor.
6. A person who violates subsection 2 commits the following:
a. A simple misdemeanor if the value of the goods, wares, or merchandise does not exceed three hundred dollars.
b. A serious misdemeanor if the value of the goods, wares, or merchandise exceeds three hundred dollars.
2000 Acts, ch 1108, §1; 2019 Acts, ch 140, §12
2023 Iowa Code › Title XVI - CRIMINAL LAW AND PROCEDURE › Chapter 714 - THEFT, FRAUD, AND RELATED OFFENSES › Section 714.7C - Theft of pseudoephedrine — enhancement.

714.7C Theft of pseudoephedrine — enhancement.
Notwithstanding section 714.2, subsection 5, a person who commits a simple misdemeanor theft of a product containing pseudoephedrine from a retailer as defined in section 126.23A commits a serious misdemeanor.
2004 Acts, ch 1127, §3; 2005 Acts, ch 15, §6, 14
2023 Iowa Code › Title XVI - CRIMINAL LAW AND PROCEDURE › Chapter 714 - THEFT, FRAUD, AND RELATED OFFENSES › Section 714.7D - Retail motor fuel.

714.7D Retail motor fuel.
Upon a second or subsequent conviction of a person under section 714.2, subsection 5, for theft of motor fuel from a retail dealer as defined in section 214A.1, the court may order the state department of transportation to suspend the driver’s license or nonresident operating privilege of the convicted person for up to thirty days in lieu of, or in addition to, a fine or imprisonment.
2005 Acts, ch 141, §3
Referred to in §321.215
2023 Iowa Code › Title XVI - CRIMINAL LAW AND PROCEDURE › Chapter 714 - THEFT, FRAUD, AND RELATED OFFENSES › Section 714.9 - Fraudulent practice in the first degree.

714.9 Fraudulent practice in the first degree.
1. Fraudulent practice in the first degree is a fraudulent practice where the amount of money or value of property or services involved exceeds ten thousand dollars.
2. Fraudulent practice in the first degree is a class “C” felony.
[C79, 81, §714.9]
92 Acts, ch 1060, §2; 2014 Acts, ch 1055, §1
Referred to in §15A.3, 96.16, 714.8
2023 Iowa Code › Title XVI - CRIMINAL LAW AND PROCEDURE › Chapter 714 - THEFT, FRAUD, AND RELATED OFFENSES › Section 714.10 - Fraudulent practice in the second degree.

714.10 Fraudulent practice in the second degree.
1. Fraudulent practice in the second degree is the following:
a. A fraudulent practice where the amount of money or value of property or services involved exceeds one thousand five hundred dollars but does not exceed ten thousand dollars.
b. A fraudulent practice where the amount of money or value of property or services involved does not exceed one thousand five hundred dollars by one who has been convicted of a fraudulent practice twice before.
2. Fraudulent practice in the second degree is a class “D” felony.
[C79, 81, §714.10]
92 Acts, ch 1060, §3; 2013 Acts, ch 30, §207; 2019 Acts, ch 140, §13
Referred to in §96.16, 237A.29, 714.8
2023 Iowa Code › Title XVI - CRIMINAL LAW AND PROCEDURE › Chapter 714 - THEFT, FRAUD, AND RELATED OFFENSES › Section 714.11 - Fraudulent practice in the third degree.

714.11 Fraudulent practice in the third degree.
1. Fraudulent practice in the third degree is the following:
a. A fraudulent practice where the amount of money or value of property or services involved exceeds seven hundred fifty dollars but does not exceed one thousand five hundred dollars.
b. A fraudulent practice as set forth in section 714.8, subsections 2, 8, 9, and 21.
c. A fraudulent practice where it is not possible to determine an amount of money or value of property and services involved.
2. Fraudulent practice in the third degree is an aggravated misdemeanor.
[C79, 81, §714.11]
92 Acts, ch 1060, §4; 2013 Acts, ch 30, §208; 2014 Acts, ch 1055, §2; 2015 Acts, ch 30, §192; 2017 Acts, ch 113, §25; 2019 Acts, ch 140, §14
Referred to in §96.16, 714.8
2023 Iowa Code › Title XVI - CRIMINAL LAW AND PROCEDURE › Chapter 714 - THEFT, FRAUD, AND RELATED OFFENSES › Section 714.12 - Fraudulent practice in the fourth degree.

714.12 Fraudulent practice in the fourth degree.
1. Fraudulent practice in the fourth degree is a fraudulent practice where the amount of money or value of property or services involved exceeds three hundred dollars but does not exceed seven hundred fifty dollars.
2. Fraudulent practice in the fourth degree is a serious misdemeanor.
[C79, 81, §714.12]
92 Acts, ch 1060, §5; 99 Acts, ch 153, §12; 2018 Acts, ch 1041, §127; 2019 Acts, ch 140, §15
Referred to in §96.16, 135L.6
2023 Iowa Code › Title XVI - CRIMINAL LAW AND PROCEDURE › Chapter 714 - THEFT, FRAUD, AND RELATED OFFENSES › Section 714.13 - Fraudulent practice in the fifth degree.

714.13 Fraudulent practice in the fifth degree.
1. Fraudulent practice in the fifth degree is a fraudulent practice where the amount of money or value of property or services involved does not exceed three hundred dollars.
2. Fraudulent practice in the fifth degree is a simple misdemeanor.
[C79, 81, §714.13]
92 Acts, ch 1060, §6; 99 Acts, ch 153, §13; 2018 Acts, ch 1041, §127; 2019 Acts, ch 140, §16
Referred to in §96.16
2023 Iowa Code › Title XVI - CRIMINAL LAW AND PROCEDURE › Chapter 714 - THEFT, FRAUD, AND RELATED OFFENSES › Section 714.14 - Value for purposes of fraudulent practices.

714.14 Value for purposes of fraudulent practices.
1. The value of property or service is its highest value by any reasonable standard at the time the fraudulent practice is committed. Reasonable standard includes but is not limited to market value within the community, actual value, or replacement value.
2. If money, property, or a service involved in two or more acts of fraudulent practice is from the same person or location, or from different persons by two or more acts which occur in approximately the same location or time period so that the fraudulent practices are attributable to a single scheme, plan, or conspiracy, these acts may be considered as a single fraudulent practice and the value may be the total value of all money, property, and services involved.
[C79, 81, §714.14]
84 Acts, ch 1162, §2; 2014 Acts, ch 1055, §3; 2015 Acts, ch 30, §193
Referred to in §96.16
2023 Iowa Code › Title XVI - CRIMINAL LAW AND PROCEDURE › Chapter 714 - THEFT, FRAUD, AND RELATED OFFENSES › Section 714.15 - Reproduction of sound recordings.

714.15 Reproduction of sound recordings.
1. For the purposes of this section:
a. “Owner” means any person who owns the original fixation of sounds embodied in the master phonograph record, master disc, master tape, master film or other device used for reproducing sounds on phonograph records, discs, tapes, films, or other articles upon which sound is recorded, and from which the transferred recorded sounds are derived.
b. “Person” shall mean person as defined in section 4.1, subsection 20.
2. Except as provided in subsection 4, it is unlawful for a person knowingly to:
a. Transfer or cause to be transferred any sounds recorded on a phonograph record, disc, wire, tape, film or other article without the consent of the owner; or
b. Sell; distribute; circulate; offer for sale, distribution or circulation; possess for the purpose of sale, distribution or circulation; or cause to be sold, distributed, circulated; offered for sale, distribution or circulation; or possessed for sale, distribution or circulation, any article or device on which sounds have been transferred without the consent of the person who owns the master phonograph record, master disc, master tape or other device or article from which the sounds are derived.
3. It is unlawful for a person to sell, distribute, circulate, offer for sale, distribution or circulation or possess for the purposes of sale, distribution or circulation, any phonograph record, disc, wire, tape, film or other article on which sounds have been transferred unless the phonograph record, disc, wire, tape, film or other article bears the actual name and address of the transferor of the sounds in a prominent place on its outside face or package.
4. This section does not apply to a person who transfers or causes to be transferred sounds intended for or in connection with radio or television broadcast transmission or related uses, synchronized sound tracks of motion pictures or sound tracks recorded for synchronizing with motion pictures, for archival purposes or for the personal use of the person transferring or causing the transfer and without any compensation being derived by the person from the transfer.
5. A person who violates the provisions of this section is guilty of theft.
[C77, §713.44, 713.45; C79, 81, §714.15]
2013 Acts, ch 90, §232
Referred to in §549.9
2023 Iowa Code › Title XVI - CRIMINAL LAW AND PROCEDURE › Chapter 714 - THEFT, FRAUD, AND RELATED OFFENSES › Section 714.16A - Additional civil penalty for consumer frauds committed against older individuals — fund established.

714.16A Additional civil penalty for consumer frauds committed against older individuals — fund established.
1. a. If a person violates section 714.16, and the violation is committed against an older individual, in an action brought by the attorney general, in addition to any other civil penalty, the court may impose an additional civil penalty not to exceed five thousand dollars for each such violation. Additionally, the attorney general may accept a civil penalty as determined by the attorney general in settlement of an investigation of a violation of section 714.16, regardless of whether an action has been filed pursuant to section 714.16.
b. A civil penalty imposed by a court or determined and accepted by the attorney general pursuant to this section shall be paid to the treasurer of state, who shall deposit the money in the elderly victim fund, a separate fund created in the state treasury and administered by the attorney general for the investigation and prosecution of frauds against the elderly. Notwithstanding section 8.33, any balance in the fund on June 30 of any fiscal year shall not revert to the general fund of the state. An award of reimbursement pursuant to section 714.16 has priority over a civil penalty imposed by the court pursuant to this subsection.
2. In determining whether to impose a civil penalty under subsection 1, and the amount of any such penalty, the court shall consider the following:
a. Whether the defendant’s conduct was in willful disregard of the rights of the older individual.
b. Whether the defendant knew or should have known that the defendant’s conduct was directed to an older individual.
c. Whether the older individual was substantially more vulnerable to the defendant’s conduct because of age, poor health, infirmity, impaired understanding, restricted mobility, or disability, than other persons.
d. Any other factors the court deems appropriate.
3. As used in this section, “older individual” means an individual who is sixty years of age or older.
91 Acts, ch 102, §1; 94 Acts, ch 1142, §6; 98 Acts, ch 1200, §4; 2013 Acts, ch 30, §261; 2022 Acts, ch 1132, §3
Referred to in §13.2
Section amended
2023 Iowa Code › Title XVI - CRIMINAL LAW AND PROCEDURE › Chapter 714 - THEFT, FRAUD, AND RELATED OFFENSES › Section 714.16B - Identity theft — civil cause of action.

714.16B Identity theft — civil cause of action.
1. In addition to any other remedies provided by law, a person as defined under section 714.16, subsection 1, suffering a pecuniary loss as a result of an identity theft by another person under section 715A.8, or a financial institution on behalf of an account holder suffering a pecuniary loss as a result of an identity theft by another person under section 715A.8, may bring an action against such other person to recover all of the following:
a. Five thousand dollars or three times the actual damages, whichever is greater.
b. Reasonable costs incurred due to the violation of section 715A.8, including all of the following:
(1) Costs for repairing the victim’s credit history or credit rating.
(2) Costs incurred for bringing a civil or administrative proceeding to satisfy a debt, lien, judgment, or other obligation of the victim.
(3) Punitive damages, attorney fees, and court costs.
2. For purposes of this section, “financial institution” means the same as defined in section 527.2, and includes an insurer organized under Title XIII, subtitle 1, of this Code, or under the laws of any other state or the United States.
99 Acts, ch 47, §1; 2005 Acts, ch 18, §2; 2013 Acts, ch 30, §209
Referred to in §614.4A
2023 Iowa Code › Title XVI - CRIMINAL LAW AND PROCEDURE › Chapter 714 - THEFT, FRAUD, AND RELATED OFFENSES › Section 714.16C - Consumer education and litigation fund.

714.16C Consumer education and litigation fund.
1. A consumer education and litigation fund is created as a separate fund in the state treasury to be administered by the attorney general. Moneys credited to the fund shall include amounts received as a result of a state or federal civil consumer fraud judgment or settlement, civil penalties, costs, or attorney fees, and amounts which are specifically directed to the credit of the fund by the judgment or settlement, and amounts which are designated by the judgment or settlement for use by the attorney general for consumer litigation or education purposes. Moneys designated for consumer reimbursement shall not be credited to the fund, except to the extent that such moneys are permitted to be used for enforcement of section 714.16.
2. For each fiscal year, not more than one million one hundred twenty-five thousand dollars is appropriated from the fund to the department of justice to be used for public education relating to consumer fraud and for enforcement of section 714.16 and federal consumer laws, and not more than seventy-five thousand dollars is appropriated from the fund to the department of justice to be used for investigation, prosecution, and consumer education relating to consumer and criminal fraud committed against older Iowans.
3. Notwithstanding section 8.33, moneys credited to the fund shall not revert to any other fund. Notwithstanding section 12C.7, interest or earnings on the moneys in the fund shall be credited to the fund.
2007 Acts, ch 213, §24
Increase in annual appropriations in subsection 2 for the fiscal period beginning July 1, 2014, and ending June 30, 2023;
2014 Acts, ch 1138, §21
;
2016 Acts, ch 1137, §18
;
2017 Acts, ch 167, §24
;
2019 Acts, ch 163, §26
; 2021 Acts, ch 166, §23
Farm mediation services appropriation;
2017 Acts, ch 167, §2
;
2018 Acts, ch 1168, §16
;
2019 Acts, ch 163, §20
;
2020 Acts, ch 1121, §1
; 2021 Acts, ch 166, §20; 2022 Acts, ch 1146, §20
Appropriations for criminal prosecutions, criminal appeals, and state tort claim representation;
2017 Acts, ch 167, §25
;
2018 Acts, ch 1168, §16
;
2019 Acts, ch 163, §20
;
2020 Acts, ch 1121, §1
; 2021 Acts, ch 166, §20; 2022 Acts, ch 1146, §20
2023 Iowa Code › Title XVI - CRIMINAL LAW AND PROCEDURE › Chapter 714 - THEFT, FRAUD, AND RELATED OFFENSES › Section 714.17 - Unlawful advertising and selling of educational courses.

714.17 Unlawful advertising and selling of educational courses.
It shall be unlawful for any person, firm, association, or corporation maintaining, advertising, or conducting in Iowa any educational course for profit, or for tuition charge, whether by classroom instructions, by correspondence, or by other delivery method to:
1. Falsely advertise or represent to any person any matter material to an educational course. All advertising of such courses shall adhere to and comply with the applicable rules and regulations of the federal trade commission.
2. Collect tuition or other charges in excess of one hundred fifty dollars in the case of educational courses offered by correspondence, in advance of the receipt and approval by the pupil of the first assignment or lesson of such course. Any contract providing for advance payment of more than one hundred fifty dollars shall be voidable on the part of the pupil or any person liable for the tuition provided for in the contract.
3. Promise or guarantee employment utilizing information, training, or skill purported to be provided or otherwise enhanced by an educational course, unless the promisor or guarantor offers the student or prospective student a bona fide contract of employment agreeing to employ said student or prospective student for a period of not less than one hundred twenty days in a business or other enterprise regularly conducted by the promisor or guarantor and in which such information, training, or skill is a normal condition of employment.
[C66, 71, 73, 75, 77, §713A.1; C79, 81, §714.17]
2012 Acts, ch 1077, §10
Referred to in §261G.4, 714.19, 714.21, 714.21A
2023 Iowa Code › Title XVI - CRIMINAL LAW AND PROCEDURE › Chapter 714 - THEFT, FRAUD, AND RELATED OFFENSES › Section 714.19 - Nonapplicability.

714.19 Nonapplicability.
The provisions of sections 714.17 and 714.18, this section, and sections 714.20 and 714.21 shall not apply to the following:
1. A community college established under chapter 260C or an institution of higher learning under the control of the state board of regents.
2. A public college or university created or authorized by the laws of any other state to grant degrees, in which state the college or university maintains its principal domicile and from which the college or university receives public funds to support the operating costs of the college or university.
3. A school district described in chapter 274.
4. Private and nonprofit elementary or secondary schools recognized by the department of education or the board of directors of a school district for the purpose of complying with chapter 299 and employing teachers licensed under chapter 272.
5. Nonprofit schools exclusively engaged in training persons with disabilities in the state of Iowa.
6. Schools and educational programs conducted by firms, corporations, or persons for which no fee is charged to any student or any other party who assumes the cost of education on the student’s behalf.
7. Seminars, refresher courses, and schools of instruction conducted by professional, business, or farming organizations or associations for the members and employees of members of such organizations or associations. A person who provides instruction under this subsection who is not a member or an employee of a member of the organization or association shall not be eligible for this exemption.
8. Private college preparatory schools accredited or probationally accredited under section 256.11, subsection 13.
9. Private, nonprofit schools that meet the criteria established under section 261.9, subsection 1.
[C66, 71, 73, 75, 77, §713A.3; C79, 81, §714.19]
86 Acts, ch 1245, §1498; 89 Acts, ch 240, §7; 96 Acts, ch 1129, §108; 2001 Acts, ch 24, §59; 2010 Acts, ch 1079, §19; 2012 Acts, ch 1077, §13 – 15; 2018 Acts, ch 1026, §173; 2021 Acts, ch 158, §6, 7
Referred to in §261B.4, 261B.11, 714.24
2023 Iowa Code › Title XVI - CRIMINAL LAW AND PROCEDURE › Chapter 714 - THEFT, FRAUD, AND RELATED OFFENSES › Section 714.20 - One contract per person.

714.20 One contract per person.
It shall be unlawful to sell more than one lifetime contract to any one person.
[C66, 71, 73, 75, 77, §713A.4; C79, 81, §714.20]
Referred to in §261G.4, 714.19, 714.21, 714.21A, 714.24
2023 Iowa Code › Title XVI - CRIMINAL LAW AND PROCEDURE › Chapter 714 - THEFT, FRAUD, AND RELATED OFFENSES › Section 714.21 - Penalty.

714.21 Penalty.
Violation of any of the provisions of section 714.17, 714.18 or 714.20 shall be a serious misdemeanor.
[C66, 71, 73, 75, 77, §713A.5; C79, 81, §714.21]
Referred to in §261G.4, 714.19, 714.24
2023 Iowa Code › Title XVI - CRIMINAL LAW AND PROCEDURE › Chapter 714 - THEFT, FRAUD, AND RELATED OFFENSES › Section 714.21A - Civil enforcement.

714.21A Civil enforcement.
A violation of chapter 261B, or section 714.17, 714.18, 714.20, 714.23, or 714.25 constitutes an unlawful practice pursuant to section 714.16.
2009 Acts, ch 12, §16
Referred to in §714.24
2023 Iowa Code › Title XVI - CRIMINAL LAW AND PROCEDURE › Chapter 714 - THEFT, FRAUD, AND RELATED OFFENSES › Section 714.24 - Additional requirements.

714.24 Additional requirements.
1. A required filing of evidence of financial responsibility pursuant to section 714.18 must be completed at least once every two years.
2. An entity that claims an exemption under section 714.19 must file an exemption claim with the commission. The commission may approve or deny the exemption claim. Except for a school that claims an exemption under section 714.19, subsection 1, 2, 3, or 9, a filing of a claim for an exemption pursuant to section 714.19 must be completed at least once every two years.
3. An entity that claims an exemption under section 714.19 must file evidence of financial responsibility pursuant to section 714.18 within sixty calendar days following the date upon which conditions that qualify the entity for an exemption under section 714.19 no longer exist. The commission may grant an entity a longer period to file evidence of financial responsibility based on documentation the entity provides to the commission of its substantial progress to comply with section 714.18, subsection 1, paragraph “a”.
4. An entity that is required to file evidence of financial responsibility under section 714.18, or an entity that files a claim of exemption under section 714.19, shall utilize required forms approved and supplied by the commission.
5. A proprietary school that must comply with sections 714.23 and 714.25 shall submit documentation of compliance with sections 714.23 and 714.25 to the commission for review and approval as part of the evidence of financial responsibility filed pursuant to section 714.18.
6. The commission and the attorney general may, individually or jointly, adopt rules pursuant to chapter 17A for the implementation of sections 714.18 through 714.25.
7. Except as provided in section 714.18, subsection 2, the information submitted under sections 714.18, 714.19, 714.23, and 714.25 are public records under chapter 22.
2012 Acts, ch 1077, §18; 2013 Acts, ch 90, §189; 2021 Acts, ch 158, §9
Referred to in §261G.4, 714.25
2023 Iowa Code › Title XVI - CRIMINAL LAW AND PROCEDURE › Chapter 714 - THEFT, FRAUD, AND RELATED OFFENSES › Section 714.28 - Claims against purchased or pledged goods held by pawnbrokers.

714.28 Claims against purchased or pledged goods held by pawnbrokers.
1. As used in this section, unless the context otherwise requires:
a. “Claimant” means a person who claims that the person’s property was misappropriated.
b. “Conveying customer” means a person who delivers property into the custody of a pawnbroker, either by pawn, sale, consignment, or trade.
c. “Misappropriated” means stolen, embezzled, converted, or otherwise wrongfully appropriated against the will of the rightful owner.
2. To obtain possession of purchased or pledged goods held by a pawnbroker which a claimant claims to have been misappropriated, the claimant must notify the pawnbroker by certified mail, return receipt requested, or in person evidenced by signed receipt, of the claimant’s claim to the purchased or pledged goods. The notice must contain a complete and accurate description of the purchased or pledged goods and must be accompanied by a legible copy of the applicable law enforcement agency’s report documenting the misappropriation of the property. If the claimant and the pawnbroker do not resolve the right to possession within ten days after the pawnbroker’s receipt of the notice, the claimant may petition the district court sitting in small claims to order the return of the property, naming the pawnbroker as a defendant, and shall serve the pawnbroker with a copy of the petition. The pawnbroker shall hold the property described in the petition until the right to possession is resolved by the parties or by the court.
3. If, after notice and a hearing, the court finds that the property was misappropriated and orders the return of the property to the claimant, both of the following shall apply:
a. The claimant may recover from the pawnbroker the costs of the action.
b. If the conveying customer was convicted in a separate criminal proceeding of theft or dealing in stolen property involving the misappropriated property, the court shall order the conveying customer to repay the pawnbroker the full amount that the conveying customer received from the pawnbroker for the property, plus all applicable pawn service charges. As used in this paragraph, “convicted” includes a plea of no contest to the charges or any agreement in which adjudication is withheld.
4. If the court finds that the claimant failed to comply with the requirements of this section or otherwise finds against the claimant, the claimant shall be liable for the defendant’s costs.
2014 Acts, ch 1070, §2
Referred to in §631.1
2023 Iowa Code › Title XVI - CRIMINAL LAW AND PROCEDURE › Chapter 714 - THEFT, FRAUD, AND RELATED OFFENSES › Section 714.29 - Records filed with intent to harass or defraud.

714.29 Records filed with intent to harass or defraud.
1. A person shall not cause to be communicated to the filing office as defined in section 554.9102 for filing a record if all of the following are true:
a. The person is not authorized to file the record under section 554.9509.
b. The record is not related to an existing or anticipated transaction that is or will be governed by chapter 554, article 9.
c. The record is filed with the intent to harass or defraud the person identified as debtor in the record.
2. A person that violates subsection 1 is guilty of a simple misdemeanor for a first offense and a serious misdemeanor for a second or subsequent offense.
2021 Acts, ch 183, §11