2023 Illinois Compiled Statutes › Chapter 415 - ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY › 415 ILCS 5/ - Environmental Protection Act. › Title II - Air Pollution

(415 ILCS 5/Tit. II heading)
TITLE II:  
		AIR POLLUTION
(415 ILCS 5/8) (from Ch. 111 1/2, par. 1008)
Sec. 8. 
		
		The General Assembly finds that pollution of the air of this State
constitutes a menace to public health and welfare, creates public
nuisances, adds to cleaning costs, accelerates the deterioration of
materials, adversely affects agriculture, business, industry, recreation,
climate, and visibility, depresses property values, and offends the senses.
It is the purpose of this Title to restore, maintain, and enhance the
purity of the air of this State in order to protect health, welfare,
property, and the quality of life and to assure that no air contaminants
are discharged into the atmosphere without being given the degree of
treatment or control necessary to prevent pollution.
(Source: P.A. 76-2429.)
(415 ILCS 5/9) (from Ch. 111 1/2, par. 1009)
Sec. 9. Acts prohibited. No person shall:
(a) Cause or threaten or allow the discharge or emission of any
contaminant into the environment in any State so as to cause or tend to
cause air pollution in Illinois, either alone or in combination with
contaminants from other sources, or so as to violate regulations or
standards adopted by the Board under this Act.
(b) Construct, install, or operate any equipment, facility, vehicle,
vessel, or aircraft capable of causing or contributing to air pollution or
designed to prevent air pollution, of any type designated by Board
regulations, (1) without a permit granted by the Agency unless otherwise exempt by this Act or Board regulations or (2) in violation of any
conditions imposed by such permit.
(c) Cause or allow the open burning of refuse, conduct any salvage
operation by open burning, or cause or allow the burning of any refuse in
any chamber not specifically designed for the purpose and approved by the
Agency pursuant to regulations adopted by the Board under this Act; except
that the Board may adopt regulations permitting open burning of refuse in
certain cases upon a finding that no harm will result from such burning, or
that any alternative method of disposing of such refuse would create a
safety hazard so extreme as to justify the pollution that would result from
such burning.
(d) Sell, offer, or use any fuel or other article in any areas in which
the Board may by regulation forbid its sale, offer, or use for reasons of
air-pollution control.
(e) Use, cause or allow the spraying of loose asbestos for the purpose
of fireproofing or insulating any building or building material or other
constructions, or otherwise use asbestos in such unconfined manner as to
permit asbestos fibers or particles to pollute the air.
(f) Commencing July 1, 1985, sell any used oil for burning or incineration
in any incinerator, boiler, furnace, burner or other equipment unless such
oil meets standards based on virgin fuel oil or re-refined oil, as defined
in ASTM D-396 or specifications under VV-F-815C promulgated pursuant to the
federal Energy Policy and Conservation Act, and meets the manufacturer's
and current NFDA code standards for which such incinerator, boiler,
furnace, burner or other equipment was approved, except that this
prohibition does not apply to a sale to a permitted used oil re-refining or
reprocessing facility or sale to a facility permitted by the Agency to burn
or incinerate such oil.
Nothing herein shall limit the effect of any section of this Title with
respect to any form of asbestos, or the spraying of any form of asbestos,
or limit the power of the Board under this Title to adopt additional and
further regulations with respect to any form of asbestos, or the spraying
of any form of asbestos.
This Section shall not limit the burning of landscape waste upon the
premises where it is produced or at sites provided and supervised by any
unit of local government, except within any county having a population of
more than 400,000. Nothing in this Section shall prohibit the burning of
landscape waste for agricultural purposes, habitat management (including but
not limited to forest and prairie reclamation), or firefighter training.  For
the purposes of this Act, the burning of landscape waste by production
nurseries shall be considered to be burning for agricultural purposes.
Any grain elevator located outside of a major population area, as defined
in Section 211.3610 of Title 35 of the Illinois Administrative Code, shall be
exempt from the requirements of Section 212.462 of Title 35 of the
Illinois Administrative Code provided that the elevator:  (1) does not violate
the prohibitions of subsection (a) of this Section or have a certified
investigation, as defined in Section 211.970 of Title 35 of the Illinois
Administrative Code, on file with the Agency and (2) is not required to obtain
a Clean Air Act Permit Program permit pursuant to Section 39.5.
Notwithstanding the above exemption, new stationary source performance
standards for grain elevators,
established pursuant to Section 9.1 of this Act and Section 111 of the federal
Clean Air Act, shall continue to apply to grain elevators.
(Source: P.A. 97-95, eff. 7-12-11.)
(415 ILCS 5/9.1) (from Ch. 111 1/2, par. 1009.1)
Sec. 9.1. 
(a) The General Assembly finds that the federal Clean Air
Act, as amended, and regulations adopted pursuant thereto establish complex
and detailed provisions for State-federal cooperation in the field of air
pollution control, provide for a Prevention of Significant Deterioration
program to regulate the issuance of preconstruction permits to insure that
economic growth will occur in a manner consistent with the preservation
of existing clean air resources, and also provide for plan requirements for
nonattainment areas to regulate the construction, modification and operation
of sources of air pollution to insure that economic growth will occur in
a manner consistent with the goal of achieving the national ambient air
quality standards, and that the General Assembly cannot conveniently or
advantageously set forth in this Act all the requirements of such
federal Act or all regulations which may be established thereunder.
It is the purpose of this Section to avoid the existence of duplicative,
overlapping or conflicting State and federal regulatory systems.
(b) The provisions of Section 111 of the federal Clean Air Act (42
USC 7411), as amended, relating to standards of performance for new
stationary sources, and Section 112 of the federal Clean Air Act (42 USC
7412), as amended, relating to the establishment of national emission
standards for hazardous air pollutants are applicable in this State and are
enforceable under this Act.  Any such enforcement shall be stayed
consistent with any stay granted in any federal judicial action to review
such standards.  Enforcement shall be consistent with the results of any
such judicial review.
(c) The Board shall adopt regulations establishing permit programs for PSD and NA NSR permits meeting
the respective requirements of Sections 165 and 173 of the Clean Air Act (42 USC 7475
and 42 USC 7503) as amended. The Agency may adopt procedures for the
administration of such programs.
The regulations adopted by the Board to establish a PSD permit program shall incorporate by reference, pursuant to subsection (a) of Section 5-75 of the Illinois Administrative Procedure Act, the provisions of 40 CFR 52.21, except for the following subparts:  (a)(1) Plan disapproval, (q) Public participation, (s) Environmental impact statements, (t) Disputed permits or redesignations and (u) Delegation of authority; the Board may adopt more stringent or additional provisions to the extent it deems appropriate.  To the extent that the provisions of 40 CFR 52.21 provide for the Administrator to make various determinations and to take certain actions, these provisions shall be modified to indicate the Agency if appropriate.  Nothing in this subsection shall be construed to limit the right of any person to submit a proposal to the Board or the authority of the Board to adopt elements of a PSD permit program that are more stringent than those contained in 40 CFR 52.21, pursuant to the rulemaking requirements of Title VII of this Act and Section 5-35 of the Illinois Administrative Procedure Act.
(d) No person shall:
(1) violate any provisions of Sections 111, 112, 165     or 173 of the Clean Air Act, as now or hereafter amended, or federal regulations adopted pursuant thereto; or
(2) construct, install, modify or operate any     equipment, building, facility, source or installation which is subject to regulation under Sections 111, 112,  165 or 173 of the Clean Air Act, as now or hereafter amended, except in compliance with the requirements of such Sections and federal regulations adopted pursuant thereto, and no such action shall be undertaken (A) without a permit granted by the Agency whenever a permit is required pursuant to (i) this Act or  Board regulations or (ii) Section 111, 112, 165, or 173 of the Clean Air Act or  federal regulations adopted pursuant thereto or (B) in violation of any conditions imposed by such permit. The issuance or any denial of such a PSD permit or any conditions imposed therein shall be reviewable by the Board in accordance with Section 40.3 of this Act. Other permits addressed in this subsection (d) shall be reviewable by the Board in accordance with Section 40 of this Act.
(e) The Board shall exempt from regulation under the State Implementation
Plan for ozone the volatile organic compounds which have been determined
by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to be exempt from regulation
under state implementation plans for ozone due to negligible photochemical
reactivity. In accordance with subsection (b) of Section 7.2, the Board
shall adopt regulations identical in substance to the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency exemptions or deletion of exemptions published in policy
statements on the control of volatile organic compounds in the Federal
Register by amending the list of exemptions to the Board's definition of
volatile organic material found at 35 Ill. Adm. Code Part 211.  The
provisions and requirements of Title VII of this Act shall not apply to
regulations adopted under this subsection.  Section 5-35 of the Illinois
Administrative Procedure Act, relating to procedures for rulemaking, does not
apply to regulations adopted under this subsection.  However, the Board shall
provide for notice, a hearing if required by the U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, and public comment before adopted rules are filed with the Secretary of
State. The Board may consolidate into a single rulemaking under this subsection
all such federal policy statements published in the Federal Register within a
period of time not to exceed 6 months.
(f) (Blank).
(Source: P.A. 98-284, eff. 8-9-13; 99-463, eff. 1-1-16.)
(415 ILCS 5/9.2) (from Ch. 111 1/2, par. 1009.2)
Sec. 9.2. 
		Sulfur dioxide emission standards.
(a) (Blank.)
(b) In granting any alternative emission standard or variance relating
to sulfur dioxide emissions from a coal-burning stationary source, the
Board may require the use of Illinois coal as a condition of such
alternative standard or variance, provided that the Board determines that
Illinois coal of the proper quality is available and competitive in price;
such determination shall include consideration of the cost of pollution
control equipment and the economic impact on the Illinois coal mining industry.
(Source: P.A. 92-574, eff. 9-26-02.)
(415 ILCS 5/9.3) (from Ch. 111 1/2, par. 1009.3)
Sec. 9.3. 
		Alternative control strategies.
(a) The General Assembly finds that control strategies, including
emission limitations, alternative but environmentally equivalent to those
required by Board regulations or the terms of this Act, can assure equivalent
protection of the environment and that the use of such alternative control
strategies can encourage technological innovation, reduce the likelihood
of shutdown of older sources, and can result in decreased costs of compliance
and increased availability of resources for use in productive capital
investments.
(b) (Blank.)
(c) On or before December 31, 1982, the Board shall adopt regulations
establishing a permit program pursuant to Section 39.1 in accordance with
Title VII of this Act.
(d) Board rules pursuant to this Section 9.3 shall set forth reasonable
requirements for issuance of an alternative control strategy permit, provided
that the Board may not impose any condition or requirement more stringent
than required by the Clean Air Act or for compliance with this Act or other
Board regulations thereunder. The Agency shall promptly adopt any necessary
procedures for the administration of such permit programs. The burden of
establishing that any procedure, condition or requirement imposed by the
Agency in or for the issuance of a permit is more stringent than required
by applicable law shall be upon the permit applicant.
(Source: P.A. 92-574, eff. 6-26-02.)
(415 ILCS 5/9.4) (from Ch. 111 1/2, par. 1009.4)
Sec. 9.4. Municipal waste incineration emission standards.
(a) The General Assembly finds:
(1) That air pollution from municipal waste     incineration may constitute a threat to public health, welfare and the environment. The amounts and kinds of pollutants depend on the nature of the waste stream, operating conditions of the incinerator, and the effectiveness of emission controls. Under normal operating conditions, municipal waste incinerators produce pollutants such as organic compounds, metallic compounds and acid gases which may be a threat to public health, welfare and the environment.
(2) That a combustion and flue-gas control system,     which is properly designed, operated and maintained, can substantially reduce the emissions of organic materials, metallic compounds and acid gases from municipal waste incineration.
(b) It is the purpose of this Section to insure that emissions from new
municipal waste incineration facilities which burn a total of 25 tons or
more of municipal waste per day are adequately controlled.
Such facilities shall be subject to emissions limits and operating
standards based upon the application of Best Available Control Technology,
as determined by the Agency, for emissions of the following categories of
pollutants:
(1) particulate matter, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen     oxides;
(2) acid gases;
(3) heavy metals; and
(4) organic materials.
(c) The Agency shall issue permits, pursuant to Section 39, to new
municipal waste incineration facilities only if the Agency finds that such
facilities are designed, constructed and operated so as to comply with the
requirements prescribed by this Section.
Prior to adoption of Board regulations under subsection (d) of this
Section the Agency may issue permits for the construction of new municipal
waste incineration facilities.  The Agency determination of Best Available
Control Technology shall be based upon consideration of the specific
pollutants named in subsection (d), and emissions of particulate matter,
sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides.
Nothing in this Section shall limit
the applicability of any other Sections of this Act, or of other standards
or regulations adopted by the Board, to municipal waste incineration
facilities.  In issuing such permits, the Agency may prescribe those
conditions necessary to assure continuing compliance with the emission
limits and operating standards determined pursuant to subsection (b); such
conditions may include the monitoring and reporting of emissions.
(d) Within one year after July 1, 1986, the Board shall adopt regulations pursuant to Title
VII of this Act, which define the terms in items (2), (3) and (4) of subsection
(b) of this Section which are to be used by the Agency in making its
determination pursuant to this Section.  The provisions of Section 27(b) of
this Act shall not apply to this rulemaking.
Such regulations shall be written so that the categories of pollutants
include, but need not be limited to, the following specific pollutants:
(1) hydrogen chloride in the definition of acid gases;
(2) arsenic, cadmium, mercury, chromium, nickel and     lead in the definition of heavy metals; and
(3) polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins,     polychlorinated dibenzofurans and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons in the definition of organic materials.
(e) For the purposes of this Section, the term "Best Available Control
Technology" means an emission limitation
(including a visible emission standard) based on the maximum degree of
pollutant reduction which the Agency, on a case-by-case basis, taking into
account energy, environmental and economic impacts, determines is
achievable through the application of production processes or available
methods, systems and techniques, including fuel cleaning or treatment or
innovative fuel combustion techniques.  If the Agency determines that
technological or economic limitations on the application of measurement
methodology to a particular class of sources would make the imposition of
an emission standard not feasible, it may instead prescribe a design,
equipment, work practice or operational standard, or combination thereof,
to require the application of best available control technology.  Such standard
shall, to the degree possible, set forth the emission reduction achievable by
implementation of such design, equipment, work practice or operation and
shall provide for compliance by means which achieve equivalent results.
(f) "Municipal waste incineration" means the burning of municipal waste
or fuel derived therefrom in a combustion apparatus designed to burn
municipal waste that may produce electricity or steam as a by-product.  A
"new municipal waste incinerator" is an incinerator initially permitted for
development or construction after January 1, 1986.
(g) The provisions of this Section shall not apply  to the following:
(1) industrial incineration facilities that burn     waste generated at the same site; or
(2) industrial incineration facilities that burn     material or fuel derived therefrom for which the United States Environmental Protection Agency has issued a non-waste determination finding the material is not a solid waste under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (42 U.S.C. 6901 et. seq.) Non-Hazardous Secondary Materials Rule at 40 CFR 241.3(c).
(Source: P.A. 101-125, eff. 7-26-19.)
(415 ILCS 5/9.5) (from Ch. 111 1/2, par. 1009.5)
Sec. 9.5. 
		(a) The General Assembly finds that:
(1) The public health and welfare may be endangered by the release of
toxic contaminants into the air which are carcinogenic, teratogenic, mutagenic or
otherwise injurious to humans or the environment.
(2) Existing federal programs may not be adequate to protect the public and
the environment from low-level, chronic exposure to toxic air contaminants.
(b) It is the purpose of this Section to establish a State program to
identify and adopt regulations for toxic air contaminants in Illinois.
(c) The Board, pursuant to Title VII, shall
promulgate a list of toxic air contaminants.  The list published under
this subsection shall include any air contaminant which may cause or
significantly contribute to an increase in mortality or an increase in
serious irreversible or incapacitating reversible illness, or may pose a
significant threat to human health or the environment.  The Agency
shall propose to the
Board for adoption a list which meets the requirement of this subsection.
The provisions of subsection (b) of Section 27 of this Act shall not
apply to rulemakings under this subsection (c).
(d) The Board, pursuant to Title VII,
shall adopt regulations establishing a program to control toxic
contaminants released into the air in a manner that protects the public health and the
environment.  The Agency shall propose
regulations to the Board for adoption which meet the requirements of this subsection.
(e) The requirements of this Section shall not apply to the following:
(1) retail dry cleaning operations;
(2) retail and noncommercial storage and handling of motor fuels;
(3) combustion processes using only commercial fuel, including internal
combustion engines;
(4) incidental or minor sources including laboratory-scale operations,
and such other sources or categories of sources which are determined by the
Board to be of minor significance.
(Source: P.A. 85-752.)
(415 ILCS 5/9.6) (from Ch. 111 1/2, par. 1009.6)
Sec. 9.6. Air pollution operating permit fee.
(a) For any site for which an air pollution operating permit is required,
other than a site permitted solely as a retail liquid dispensing facility
that has air pollution control equipment or an agrichemical facility with an
endorsed permit pursuant to Section 39.4, the owner or operator of that site
shall pay an initial annual fee to the Agency within 30 days of receipt of the
permit and an annual fee each year thereafter for as long as a permit is in
effect.   The owner or operator of a portable emission unit, as defined in 35
Ill. Adm. Code 201.170, may change the site of any unit previously permitted
without paying an additional fee under this Section for each site change,
provided that no further change to the permit is otherwise necessary or
requested.
(b) The following fee amounts
shall apply:
(1) The fee for a site permitted to emit less than 25     tons per year of any combination of regulated air pollutants, as defined in Section 39.5 of this Act, except greenhouse gases, is $200 per year beginning July 1, 2003, and increases, beginning January 1, 2012, to $235 per year for lifetime operating permits and $235 per year for federally enforceable state operating permits, except as provided in subsection (c) of this Section.
(2) The fee for a site permitted to emit at least 25     tons per year but less than 100 tons per year of any combination of regulated air pollutants, as defined in Section 39.5 of this Act, except greenhouse gases, is $1,800 per year beginning July 1, 2003, and increases, beginning January 1, 2012, to $2,150 per year, except as provided in subsection (c) of this Section.
(3) The fee for a site permitted to emit at least 100     tons per year of any combination of regulated air pollutants, as defined in Section 39.5 of this Act, except greenhouse gases, is $18 per ton, per year, beginning July 1, 2003, and increases, beginning January 1, 2012 to $21.50 per ton, per year, except as provided in subsection (c) of this Section. However,  the maximum fee under this paragraph (3) is $3,500 before January 1, 2012, and  is $4,112 beginning January 1, 2012.
(c) The owner or operator of any site subject to subsection (b) of this Section that becomes subject to Section 39.5
of this Act shall continue to pay the fee set forth in this Section until the
site becomes subject to the CAAPP fee set forth within subsection 18 of Section
39.5 of this Act. If an owner or operator has paid a fee under this Section during
the 12-month period following the effective date of the CAAPP for that
site, the amount
of that fee shall be deducted from the amount due under subsection 18 of Section 39.5 of
this Act.
(d) Only one air pollution site fee may be collected from any
site, even if such site receives more than one air pollution control permit.
(e) The Agency shall establish procedures for the collection of air
pollution site fees.  Air pollution site fees may be paid annually, or in
advance for the number of years for which the permit is issued, at the option
of the owner or operator.  Payment in advance does not exempt the owner or
operator from paying any increase in the fee that may occur during the term of
the permit; the owner or operator must pay the amount of the increase upon
and from the effective date of the increase.
(f) The Agency may deny an application for the issuance, transfer, or
renewal of an air pollution operating permit if any air pollution site fee
owed by the applicant has not been paid within 60 days of the due date, unless
the applicant, at the time of application, pays to the Agency in advance the
air pollution site fee for the site that is the subject of the operating
permit, plus any other air pollution site fees then owed by the applicant.
The denial of an air pollution operating permit for failure to pay an air
pollution site fee shall be subject to review by the Board pursuant to the
provisions of subsection (a) of Section 40 of this Act.
(g) If the Agency determines that an owner or operator of a site was
required, but failed, to timely obtain an air pollution operating permit,
and as a result avoided the payment of permit fees, the Agency may collect the
avoided permit fees with or without pursuing enforcement under Section 31 of
this Act.  The avoided permit fees shall be calculated as double the amount
that would have been owed had a permit been timely obtained.  Fees collected
pursuant to this subsection (g) shall be deposited into the Environmental
Protection Permit and Inspection Fund.
(h) If the Agency determines that an owner or operator of a site was
required, but failed, to timely obtain an air pollution operating permit and
as a result avoided the payment of permit fees, an enforcement action may be
brought under Section 31 of this Act.  In addition to any other relief that
may be obtained as part of this action, the Agency may seek to recover the
avoided permit fees.  The avoided permit fees shall be calculated as double
the amount that would have been owed had a permit been timely obtained.  Fees
collected pursuant to this subsection (h) shall be deposited into the
Environmental Protection Permit and Inspection Fund.
(i) If a permittee subject to a fee under this
Section fails to pay the fee within 90 days of its due date, or makes the
fee payment from an account with insufficient funds to cover the amount of the
fee payment, the Agency shall notify the permittee of the failure to pay the
fee.  If the permittee fails to pay the fee within 60 days after such
notification, the Agency may, by written notice, immediately revoke the air
pollution operating permit.  Failure of the Agency to notify the permittee of
failure to pay a fee due under this Section, or the payment of the fee from
an account with insufficient funds to cover the amount of the fee payment, does
not excuse or alter the duty of the permittee to comply with the provisions of
this Section.
(Source: P.A. 97-95, eff. 7-12-11.)
(415 ILCS 5/9.7) (from Ch. 111 1/2, par. 1009.7)
Sec. 9.7. 
		CFC's. 
		The General Assembly hereby finds that the
manufacture
and use of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) present a serious threat to the
environment, and declares it to be the public policy of this State to
discourage the unnecessary use of CFCs, to encourage producers of CFCs to
replace them with alternative substances that have a less deleterious
impact on the environment, and to promote the use of equipment to recover
and recycle existing CFCs.
(Source: P.A. 90-372, eff. 7-1-98.)
(415 ILCS 5/9.8)
Sec. 9.8. 
		Emissions reductions market system.
(a) The General Assembly finds:
(1) That achieving compliance with the ozone     attainment provisions of federal Clean Air Act Amendments (CAAA) of 1990 calls for innovative and cost-effective implementation strategies.
(2) That economic incentives and market-based     approaches can be used to achieve clean air compliance in an innovative and cost-effective manner.
(3) That development and operation of an emissions     market system should significantly lessen the economic impacts associated with implementation of the federal Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 and still achieve the desired air quality for the area.
(b) The Agency shall design an emissions market system that
will assist the State in meeting applicable post-1996 provisions
under the CAAA of 1990, provide maximum flexibility for
designated sources that reduce emissions, and that takes into
account the findings of the national ozone transport assessment,
existing air quality conditions, and resultant emissions levels
necessary to achieve or maintain attainment.
(c) The Agency may develop proposed rules for a market-based emissions
reduction, banking, and trading system that will enable stationary sources to
implement cost-effective, compliance
options.  In developing such a market system, the Agency may take
into consideration a suitable ozone control season and related
reconciliation period, seasonal allotments of actual emissions and adjustments
thereto,
phased participation by size of source, suitable emissions and
compliance monitoring provisions, an annual allotment set-aside
for market assurance, and suitable means for the market system
to be provided for in an appropriate State implementation plan.
The proposal shall be filed with the Board and
shall be subject to the rulemaking provisions of Sections 27 and
28 of this Act.  The rules adopted by the Board shall
include provisions that:
(1) Assure that compliance with the required     emissions reductions under the market system shall be, at a minimum, as cost-effective as the traditional regulatory control requirements in the State of Illinois.
(2) Assure that emissions reductions under the market     system will not be mandated unless it is necessary for the attainment and maintenance of the National Ambient Air Quality Standard for ozone in the Chicago nonattainment area, as required of this State by applicable federal law or regulation.
(3) Assure that sources subject to the program will     not be required to reduce emissions to an extent that exceeds their proportionate share of the total emission reductions required of all emission sources, including mobile and area sources, to attain and maintain the National Ambient Air Quality Standard for ozone in the Chicago nonattainment area.
(4) Assure that credit is given or exclusion is     granted for those emission units which have reduced emissions, either voluntarily or through the application of maximum available control technology or national emissions standards for hazardous air pollutants, such that those reductions would be counted as if they had occurred after the initiation of the program.
(5) Assure that unusual or abnormal operational     patterns can be accounted for in the determination of any source's baseline from which reductions would be made.
(6) Assure that relative economic impact and     technical feasibility of emissions reductions under the banking and trading program, as compared to other alternatives, is considered.
(7) Assure that the feasibility of measuring and     quantifying emissions is considered in developing and adopting the banking and trading program.
(d) Notwithstanding the other provisions of this Act,
any source or other authorized person that
participates in an emissions market system shall be eligible
to exchange allotment trading units with other sources
provided that established rules are followed.
(e) There is hereby created within the State Treasury an interest-bearing
special fund to be known as the Alternative Compliance Market Account Fund,
which shall be used and administered by the Agency for the following public
purposes:
(1) To accept and retain funds from persons who     purchase allotment trading units from the Agency pursuant to regulatory provisions and payments of interest and principal.
(2) To purchase services, equipment, or commodities     that help generate emissions reductions in or around the ozone nonattainment area in Northeastern Illinois.
(Source: P.A. 89-173, eff. 7-19-95; 89-465, eff. 6-13-96.)
(415 ILCS 5/9.9)
Sec. 9.9. Nitrogen oxides trading system.
(a) The General Assembly finds:
(1) That USEPA has issued a Final Rule published in     the Federal Register on October 27, 1998, entitled "Finding of Significant Contribution and Rulemaking for Certain States in the Ozone Transport Assessment Group Region for Purposes of Reducing Regional Transport of Ozone", hereinafter referred to as the "NOx SIP Call", compliance with which will require reducing emissions of nitrogen oxides ("NOx");
(2) That reducing emissions of NOx in the State helps     the State to meet the national ambient air quality standard for ozone;
(3) That emissions trading is a cost-effective means     of obtaining reductions of NOx emissions.
(b) The Agency shall propose and the Board shall adopt
regulations to implement an interstate NOx trading program (hereinafter
referred to as the "NOx Trading Program") as provided for in 40 CFR
Part 96, including
incorporation by reference of appropriate provisions of 40 CFR Part 96 and
regulations to address 40 CFR Section 96.4(b), Section 96.55(c), Subpart E, and
Subpart I.  In addition, the Agency shall propose and the Board shall adopt
regulations to implement NOx emission reduction programs for cement kilns and
stationary
internal combustion engines.
(c) Allocations of NOx allowances to large electric generating units
("EGUs") and large non-electric generating units ("non-EGUs"), as defined by 40
CFR Part 96.4(a), shall not exceed the State's trading budget for those source
categories to be included in
the State Implementation Plan for NOx.
(d) In adopting regulations to implement the NOx Trading Program, the Board
shall:
(1) assure that the economic impact and technical     feasibility of NOx emissions reductions under the NOx Trading Program are considered relative to the traditional regulatory control requirements in the State for EGUs and non-EGUs;
(2) provide that emission units, as defined in     Section 39.5(1) of this Act, may opt into the NOx Trading Program;
(3) provide for voluntary reductions of NOx emissions     from emission units, as defined in Section 39.5(1) of this Act, not otherwise included under paragraph (c) or (d)(2) of this Section to provide additional allowances to EGUs and non-EGUs to be allocated by the Agency.  The regulations shall further provide that such voluntary reductions are verifiable, quantifiable, permanent, and federally enforceable;
(4) provide that the Agency allocate to non-EGUs     allowances that are designated in the rule, unless the Agency has been directed to transfer the allocations to another unit subject to the requirements of the NOx Trading Program, and that upon shutdown of a non-EGU, the unit may transfer or sell the NOx allowances that are allocated to such unit;
(5) provide that the Agency shall set aside annually     a number of allowances, not to exceed 5% of the total EGU trading budget, to be made available to new EGUs; and
(6)  provide that those EGUs that commence commercial     operation, as defined in 40 CFR Section 96.2, at a time that is more than half way through the control period in 2003 shall return to the Agency any allowances that were issued to it by the Agency and were not used for compliance in 2004.
(d-5) The Agency may sell NOx allowances to sources in Illinois that are
subject
to 35 Ill. Adm. Code 217, either Subpart U or W, as follows:
(1) any unearned Early Reduction Credits set aside     for non-EGUs under 35 Ill. Adm. Code 217, Subpart U, but only to those sources that make qualifying early reductions of NOx in 2003 pursuant to 35 Ill. Adm. Code 217 for which the source did not receive an allocation thereunder.  If the Agency receives requests to purchase more ERCs than are available for sale, allowances shall be offered for sale to qualifying sources on a pro-rata basis;
(2) any remaining Early Reduction Credits allocated     under 35 Ill. Adm. Code 217, Subpart U or W, that could not be allocated on a pro-rata, whole allowance basis, but only to those sources that made qualifying early reductions of NOx in 2003 pursuant to 35 Ill. Adm. Code 217 for which the source did not receive an allocation;
(3) any allowances under 35 Ill. Adm. Code 217,     Subpart W, that remain after each 3-year allocation period that could not be allocated on a pro-rata, whole allowance basis pursuant to the provisions of Subpart W; and
(4) any allowances requested from the New Source Set     Aside for those sources that commenced operation, as defined in 40 CFR Section 96.2, on or after January 1, 2004.
(d-10) The selling price for ERC allowances shall be 70% of the market
price index for 2005 NOx allowances, determined by the Agency as follows:
(1) using the mean of 2 or more published market     price indexes for the 2005 NOx allowances as of October 6, 2003; or
(2) if there are not 2 published market price indexes     for 2005 NOx allowances as of October 6, 2003, the Agency may use any reasonable indication of market price.
(e) The Agency may adopt procedural rules, as necessary, to implement the
regulations promulgated by the Board pursuant to subsections (b) and (d) and
to implement subsections (d-5), (d-10), (i), and (j) of
this Section.
(f) Notwithstanding any provisions in subparts T, U, and W of Section 217
of Title 35 of the Illinois Administrative Code to the contrary, compliance
with the regulations promulgated by the Board pursuant to subsections (b) and
(d) of this Section is required by May 31, 2004.
(g) To the extent that a court of competent jurisdiction finds a provision
of 40 CFR Part 96 invalid, the corresponding Illinois provision shall
be stayed until such provision of 40 CFR Part 96 is found to be valid or is
re-promulgated. To the extent that USEPA or any court of competent
jurisdiction stays the applicability of any provision of the NOx SIP Call to
any person or circumstance relating to Illinois, during the period of that
stay, the effectiveness of the corresponding Illinois provision shall be
stayed.  To the extent that the invalidity of the particular requirement or
application does not affect
other provisions or applications of the NOx SIP Call pursuant to 40 CFR 51.121
or the NOx trading program pursuant to 40 CFR Part 96 or 40 CFR Part 97, this
Section, and rules or regulations promulgated hereunder, will be given
effect without the invalid provisions or applications.
(h) Notwithstanding any other provision of this Act, any source or other
authorized person that participates in the NOx Trading Program shall be
eligible to exchange NOx allowances with other sources in accordance with
this Section and with regulations promulgated by the Board or the Agency.
(i) (Blank).
(j) Moneys generated from the sale of early reduction credits
shall be deposited into the Clean Air Act Permit Fund created pursuant to
Section 39.5(18)(d) of this Act, and the proceeds
shall be used and administered by the Agency to finance the costs associated
with the Clean Air Act Permit Program.
(Source: P.A. 102-1071, eff. 6-10-22.)
(415 ILCS 5/9.10)
Sec. 9.10. 
		Fossil fuel-fired electric generating plants.
(a) The General Assembly finds and declares that:
(1) fossil fuel-fired electric generating plants are     a significant source of air emissions in this State and have become the subject of a number of important  new studies of their effects on the public health;
(2) existing state and federal policies, that allow     older plants that meet federal standards to operate without meeting the more stringent requirements applicable to new plants, are being questioned on the basis of their environmental impacts and the economic distortions such policies cause in a deregulated energy market;
(3) fossil fuel-fired electric generating plants are,     or may be, affected by a number of regulatory programs, some of which are under review or development on the state and national levels, and to a certain extent the international level, including the federal acid rain program, tropospheric ozone, mercury and other hazardous pollutant control requirements, regional haze, and global warming;
(4) scientific  uncertainty regarding the formation     of certain components of regional haze and the air quality modeling that predict impacts of control measures requires careful consideration of the timing of the control of some of the pollutants from these  facilities, particularly sulfur dioxides and nitrogen oxides that each interact with ammonia and other substances in the atmosphere;
(5) the development of energy policies to promote a     safe, sufficient, reliable, and affordable energy supply on the state and national levels is being affected by the on-going deregulation of the  power  generation  industry and the evolving energy markets;
(6) the Governor's formation of an Energy Cabinet and     the development of a State energy policy calls for actions by the Agency and the Board that are in harmony with the energy needs and policy of the State, while protecting the public health and the environment;
(7) Illinois coal is an abundant resource and an     important component of Illinois' economy whose use should be encouraged to the greatest extent possible consistent with protecting the public health and the environment;
(8) renewable forms of energy should be promoted as     an important element of the energy and environmental policies of the State and that it is a goal of the State that at least 5% of the State's energy production and use be derived from renewable forms of energy by 2010 and at least 15% from renewable forms of energy by 2020;
(9) efforts on the state and federal levels are     underway to consider the multiple environmental regulations affecting electric generating plants in order to improve the ability of government and the affected industry to engage in effective planning through the use of multi-pollutant strategies; and
(10) these issues, taken together, call for a     comprehensive review of the impact of these facilities on the public health, considering also the energy supply, reliability, and costs, the role of renewable forms of energy, and the developments in federal law and regulations that may affect any state actions, prior to making final decisions in Illinois.
(b) Taking into account the findings and declarations of the General
Assembly contained in subsection (a) of this Section, the Agency shall, before
September 30, 2004, but not before September 30, 2003, issue to the House and
Senate Committees on Environment and Energy findings that address the potential
need for the control or reduction of emissions from fossil fuel-fired electric
generating plants, including the following provisions:
(1) reduction of nitrogen oxide emissions, as     appropriate, with consideration of maximum annual emissions rate limits or establishment of an emissions trading program and with consideration of the developments in federal law and regulations that may affect any State action, prior to making final decisions in Illinois;
(2) reduction of sulfur dioxide emissions, as     appropriate, with consideration of maximum annual emissions rate limits or establishment of an emissions trading program and with consideration of the developments in federal law and regulations that may affect any State action, prior to making final decisions in Illinois;
(3) incentives to promote renewable sources of energy     consistent with item (8) of subsection (a) of this Section;
(4) reduction of mercury as appropriate,     consideration of the availability of control technology, industry practice requirements, or incentive programs, or some combination of these approaches that are sufficient to prevent unacceptable local impacts from individual facilities and with consideration of the developments in federal law and regulations that may affect any state action, prior to making final decisions in Illinois; and
(5) establishment of a banking system, consistent     with the United States Department of Energy's voluntary reporting system, for certifying credits for voluntary offsets of emissions of greenhouse gases, as identified by the United States Environmental Protection Agency, or other voluntary reductions of greenhouse gases.  Such reduction efforts may include, but are not limited to, carbon sequestration, technology-based control measures, energy efficiency measures, and the use of renewable energy sources.
The Agency shall consider the impact on the public health, considering also
energy supply, reliability and costs, the role of renewable forms of energy,
and developments in federal law and regulations that may affect any state
actions, prior to making final decisions in Illinois.
(c) Nothing in this Section is intended to or should be interpreted in a
manner to limit or restrict the authority of the Illinois Environmental
Protection Agency to  propose, or the Illinois Pollution Control Board to
adopt, any regulations applicable or that may become applicable to the
facilities covered by this Section that are required by federal law.
(d) The Agency may file proposed rules with the Board to effectuate its
findings provided to the Senate Committee on Environment and Energy and the
House Committee on Environment and Energy in accordance with subsection (b) of
this Section.  Any such proposal shall not be submitted sooner than 90 days
after the issuance of the findings provided for in subsection (b) of this
Section.  The Board shall take action on any such proposal within one year of
the Agency's filing of the proposed rules.
(e) This Section shall apply only to those electrical generating units
that are subject to the provisions of Subpart W of Part 217 of Title 35 of
the Illinois Administrative Code, as promulgated by the Illinois Pollution
Control Board on December 21, 2000.
(Source: P.A. 92-12, eff. 7-1-01; 92-279, eff. 8-7-01.)
(415 ILCS 5/9.11)
Sec. 9.11. 
		Great Lakes Areas of Concern; mercury.
(a) The General Assembly finds that:
(1) The government of the United States of America     and the government of Canada have entered into agreements on Great Lakes water quality by signature of the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement of 1978, which was amended by Protocol signed on November 18, 1987.
(2) The government of the United States of America     and the government of Canada, in cooperation with the state and provincial governments, were required to designate geographic areas, called Areas of Concern, that fail to meet the general or specific objectives of the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement, and where such failure has caused or is likely to cause impairment of beneficial use or failure of the ability of the area to support aquatic life.
(3) The government of the United States of America     and the government of Canada have identified 43 Areas of Concern, 26 of which are in waters of the United States of America and 17 of which are in the waters of Canada.
(4) Waukegan Harbor in Illinois was designated an     Area of Concern in 1981 by the International Joint Commission, the United States Environmental Protection Agency, and the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency as a result of the discovery of 5 beneficial use impairments, as defined in Annex 2 of the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement.  Beneficial use impairments at the Waukegan Harbor Area of Concern were identified as the restrictions on fish consumption, degradation of benthos, restrictions on dredging activities, degradation of phytoplankton and zooplankton populations, and loss of fish and wildlife habitat.
(5) The government of the United States of America     and the government of Canada cooperate with the state and provincial governments to ensure that remedial action plans are developed to restore all impaired uses to the Areas of Concern.
(6) Mercury has been identified as a persistent     bioaccumulative contaminant of concern throughout the Great Lakes, including Lake Michigan, resulting in health advisories and restrictions on fish consumption.
(7) The thermal treatment of sludge creates mercury     emissions.
(b) The Agency shall not issue any permit to develop, construct, or operate,
within one mile of any portion of Lake Michigan that has been designated an
Area of Concern under the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement as of the
effective date of this Section, any site or facility for the thermal treatment
of sludge, unless the applicant submits to the Agency proof that the site or
facility has received local siting approval from the governing body of the
municipality in which the site or facility is proposed to be located (or from
the county board if located in an unincorporated area), in accordance with
Section 39.2 of this Act.  For the purposes of this Section, "thermal
treatment" includes, without limitation, drying, incinerating, and any other
processing that subjects the sludge to an elevated temperature.
(Source: P.A. 93-202, eff. 7-14-03.)
(415 ILCS 5/9.12)
Sec. 9.12. Construction permit fees for air pollution sources.
(a) An applicant for a new or revised air pollution construction permit
shall pay a fee, as established in this Section, to the Agency at the time that
he or she submits the application for a construction permit.  Except as set
forth below, the fee for each activity or category listed in this Section is
separate and is cumulative with any other applicable fee listed in this
Section.
(b) The fee amounts in this subsection (b) apply to construction permit
applications relating to (i) a source subject to Section 39.5 of this Act
(the Clean Air Act Permit Program); (ii) a source that, upon issuance of the
requested construction permit, will become a major source subject to Section
39.5; or (iii) a source that has or will require a federally enforceable
State operating permit limiting its potential to emit.
(1) Base fees for each construction permit     application shall be assessed as follows:
(A) If the construction permit application         relates to one or more new emission units or to a combination of new and modified emission units, a fee of $4,000 for the first new emission unit and a fee of $1,000 for each additional new or modified emission unit; provided that the total base fee under this subdivision (A) shall not exceed $10,000.
(B) If the construction permit application         relates to one or more modified emission units but not to any new emission unit, a fee of $2,000 for the first modified emission unit and a fee of $1,000 for each additional modified emission unit; provided that the total base fee under this subdivision (B) shall not exceed $5,000.
(2) Supplemental fees for each construction permit     application shall be assessed as follows:
(A) If, based on the construction permit         application, the source will be, but is not currently, subject to Section 39.5 of this Act, a CAAPP entry fee of $5,000.
(B) If the construction permit application         involves (i) a new source or emission unit subject to Section 39.2 of this Act, (ii) a commercial incinerator or other municipal waste, hazardous waste, or waste tire incinerator, (iii) a commercial power generator, or (iv) one or more other emission units designated as a complex source by Agency rulemaking, a fee of $25,000.
(C) If the construction permit application         involves an emissions netting exercise or reliance on a contemporaneous emissions decrease for a pollutant to avoid application of the PSD permit program  or nonattainment new source review, a fee of $3,000 for each such pollutant.
(D) If the construction permit application is for         a new major source subject to the PSD permit program, a fee of $12,000.
(E) If the construction permit application is for         a new major source subject to nonattainment new source review, a fee of $20,000.
(F) If the construction permit application is for         a major modification subject to the PSD permit program, a fee of $6,000.
(G) If the construction permit application is for         a major modification subject to nonattainment new source review, a fee of $12,000.
(H) (Blank).
(I) If the construction permit application review         involves a determination of the Maximum Achievable Control Technology standard for a pollutant and the project is not otherwise subject to BACT or LAER for a related pollutant under the PSD permit program or nonattainment new source review, a fee of $5,000 per unit for which a determination is requested or otherwise required.
(J) (Blank).
(3) If a public hearing is held regarding the     construction permit application, an administrative fee of $10,000. This fee shall be submitted at the time the applicant requests a public hearing or, if a public hearing is not requested by the applicant, then within 30 days after the applicant is informed by the Agency that a public hearing will be held.
(c) The fee amounts in this subsection (c) apply to construction permit
applications relating to a source that, upon issuance of the construction
permit, will not (i) be or become subject to Section 39.5 of this Act (the
Clean Air Act Permit Program) or (ii) have or require a federally enforceable
state operating permit limiting its potential to emit.
(1) Base fees for each construction permit     application shall be assessed as follows:
(A) For a construction permit application         involving a single new emission unit, a fee of $500.
(B) For a construction permit application         involving more than one new emission unit, a fee of $1,000.
(C) For a construction permit application         involving no more than 2 modified emission units, a fee of $500.
(D) For a construction permit application         involving more than 2 modified emission units, a fee of $1,000.
(2) Supplemental fees for each construction permit     application shall be assessed as follows:
(A) If the source is a new source, i.e., does not         currently have an operating permit, an entry fee of $500;
(B) If the construction permit application         involves (i) a new source or emission unit subject to Section 39.2 of this Act, (ii) a commercial incinerator or a municipal waste, hazardous waste, or waste tire incinerator, (iii) a commercial power generator, or (iv) an emission unit designated as a complex source by Agency rulemaking, a fee of $15,000.
(3) If a public hearing is held regarding the     construction permit application, an administrative fee of $10,000. This fee shall be submitted at the time the applicant requests a public hearing or, if a public hearing is not requested by the applicant, then within 30 days after the applicant is informed by the Agency that a public hearing will be held.
(d) If no other fee is applicable under this Section, a construction permit
application addressing one or more of the following shall be subject to a
filing fee of $500:
(1) A construction permit application to add or     replace a control device on a permitted emission unit.
(2) A construction permit application to conduct a     pilot project or trial burn for a permitted emission unit.
(3) A construction permit application for a land     remediation project.
(4) (Blank).
(5) A construction permit application to revise an     emissions testing methodology or the timing of required emissions testing.
(6) A construction permit application that provides     for a change in the name, address, or phone number of any person identified in the permit, or for a change in the stated ownership or control, or for a similar minor administrative permit change at the source.
(e) No fee shall be assessed for a request to correct an issued permit
that involves only an Agency error, if the request is received within the
deadline for a permit appeal to the Pollution Control Board.
(f) The applicant for a new or revised air pollution construction permit
shall submit to the Agency, with the construction permit application, both a
certification of the fee that he or she estimates to be due under this
Section and the fee itself.
(g) Notwithstanding the requirements of subsection (a) of Section 39 of this Act, the
application for an air pollution construction permit shall not be deemed to
be filed with the Agency until the Agency receives the initial air pollution
construction permit application fee and the certified estimate of the fee
required by this Section.  Unless the Agency has received the initial air
pollution construction permit application fee and the certified estimate of the
fee required by this Section, the Agency is not required to review or process
the application.
(h) If the Agency determines at any time that a construction permit
application is subject to an additional fee under this Section that the
applicant has not submitted, the Agency shall notify the applicant in writing
of the amount due under this Section.  The applicant shall have 60 days to
remit the assessed fee to the Agency.
If the proper fee established under this Section is not submitted within 60
days after the request for further remittance:
(1) If the construction permit has not yet been     issued, the Agency is not required to further review or process, and the provisions of subsection (a) of Section 39 of this Act do not apply to, the application for a construction permit until such time as the proper fee is remitted.
(2) If the construction permit has been issued, the     Agency may, upon written notice, immediately revoke the construction permit.
The denial or revocation of a construction permit does not excuse the
applicant from the duty of paying the fees required under this Section.
(i) The Agency may deny the issuance of a pending air pollution
construction permit or the subsequent operating permit if the applicant
has not paid the required fees by the date required for issuance of the
permit.  The denial or revocation of a permit for failure to pay a
construction permit fee is subject to review by the Board pursuant to the
provisions of subsection (a) of Section 40 of this Act.
(j) If the owner or operator undertakes construction without obtaining
an air pollution construction permit, the fee under this Section is still
required.  Payment of the required fee does not preclude the Agency or
the Attorney General or other authorized persons from pursuing enforcement
against the applicant for failure to have an air pollution construction permit
prior to commencing construction.
(k) If an air pollution construction permittee makes a fee payment under
this Section from an account with insufficient funds to cover the amount of
the fee payment, the Agency shall notify the permittee of the failure to pay
the fee.  If the permittee fails to pay the fee within 60 days after such
notification, the Agency may, by written notice, immediately revoke the air
pollution construction permit.  Failure of the Agency to notify the permittee
of the permittee's failure to make payment does not excuse or alter the duty
of the permittee to comply with the provisions of this Section.
(l) The Agency may establish procedures for the collection of air
pollution construction permit fees.
(m) Fees collected pursuant to this Section shall be deposited into the
Environmental Protection Permit and Inspection Fund.
(Source: P.A. 99-463, eff. 1-1-16.)
(415 ILCS 5/9.12a)
Sec. 9.12a. Notice. When a permit for a new facility is required by this Title II, the Agency shall provide notice: (i) by certified or registered mail or, upon request, electronically, to the State Senator and State Representative of the district where the facility will be located; and (ii) to the public via a posting on its website in a format that is searchable by zip code. Within 6 months after the effective date of this amendatory Act of the 101st General Assembly, the Agency shall adopt rules to implement this Section.
(Source: P.A. 101-422, eff. 1-1-20.)
(415 ILCS 5/9.13)
Sec. 9.13. 
		Asbestos fees.
(a) For any site for which the owner or operator must file an original
10-day notice of intent to renovate or demolish pursuant to 40 CFR 61.145(b)
(part of the federal asbestos National Emission Standard for Hazardous Air
Pollutants or NESHAP), the owner or operator shall pay to the Agency with the
filing of each 10-day Notice a fee of $150.
(b) If demolition or renovation of a site has commenced without proper
filing of the 10-day Notice, the fee is double the amount otherwise due.
This doubling of the fee is in addition to any other penalties under this
Act, the federal NESHAP, or otherwise, and does not preclude the Agency, the
Attorney General, or other authorized persons from pursuing an enforcement
action against the owner or operator for failure to file a 10-day Notice prior
to commencing demolition or renovation activities.
(c) In the event that an owner or operator makes a fee payment under this
Section from an account with insufficient funds to cover the amount of the fee
payment, the 10-day Notice shall be deemed improperly filed.  The Agency shall
so notify the owner or operator within 60 days of receiving the notice of
insufficient funds.  Failure of the Agency to so notify the owner or operator
does not excuse or alter the duty of the owner or operator to comply with the
requirements of this Section.
(d) Where asbestos remediation or demolition activities have not been
conducted in accordance with the asbestos NESHAP, in addition to the fees
imposed by this Section, the Agency may also collect its actual costs incurred
for asbestos-related activities at the site, including without limitation costs
of sampling, sample analysis, remediation plan review, and activity oversight
for demolition or renovation.
(e) Fees and cost recovery amounts collected under this Section shall be
deposited into the Environmental Protection Permit and Inspection Fund.
(Source: P.A. 93-32, eff. 7-1-03.)
(415 ILCS 5/9.14)
Sec. 9.14. Registration of smaller sources.
(a) After the effective date of rules implementing this Section, the owner or operator of an eligible source shall annually register with the Agency instead of complying with the requirement to obtain an air pollution construction or operating permit under this Act. The criteria for determining an eligible source shall include the following:
(1) the source must not be required to obtain a     permit pursuant to the Illinois Clean Air Act Permit Program or Federally Enforceable State Operating Permit program, or under regulations promulgated pursuant to Section  111 or 112 of the Clean Air Act;
(2) the USEPA has not otherwise determined that a     permit is required;
(3) the source emits less than an actual 5 tons per     year of combined particulate matter, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, and volatile organic material air pollutant emissions;
(4) the source emits less than an actual 0.5 tons per     year of combined hazardous air pollutant emissions;
(5) the source emits less than an actual 0.05 tons     per year of lead air emissions;
(6) the source emits less than an actual 0.05 tons     per year of mercury air emissions; and
(7) the source does not have an emission unit subject     to a standard pursuant to 40 CFR Part 61 Maximum Achievable Control Technology, or 40 CFR Part 63 National Emissions Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants other than those regulations that the USEPA has categorized as "area source".
(b) Complete registration of an eligible source, including payment of the required fee as specified in subsection (c) of this Section, shall provide the owner or operator of the eligible source with an exemption from the requirement to obtain an air pollution construction or operating permit under this Act.  The registration of smaller sources program does not relieve an owner or operator from the obligation to comply with any other applicable rules or regulations.
(c) The owner or operator of an eligible source shall pay an annual registration fee of $235 to the Agency at the time of registration submittal and each year thereafter. Fees collected under this Section shall be deposited into the Environmental Protection Permit and Inspection Fund.
(d) The Agency shall propose rules to implement the registration of smaller sources program. Within 120 days after the Agency proposes those rules, the Board shall adopt rules to implement the registration of smaller sources program. These rules may be subsequently amended from time to time pursuant to a proposal filed with the Board by any person, and any necessary amendments shall be adopted by the Board within 120 days after proposal. Such amendments may provide for the alteration or revision of the initial criteria included in subsection (a) of this Section.
(Source: P.A. 97-95, eff. 7-12-11; 97-1081, eff. 8-24-12.)
(415 ILCS 5/9.15)
Sec. 9.15. Greenhouse gases.
(a) An air pollution construction permit shall not be required due to emissions of greenhouse gases if the equipment, site, or source is not subject to regulation, as defined by 40 CFR 52.21, as now or hereafter amended, for greenhouse gases or is otherwise not addressed in this Section or by the Board in regulations for greenhouse gases. These exemptions do not relieve an owner or operator from the obligation to comply with other applicable rules or regulations.
(b) An air pollution operating permit shall not be required due to emissions of greenhouse gases if the equipment, site, or source is not subject to regulation, as defined by Section 39.5 of this Act, for greenhouse gases or is otherwise not addressed in this Section or by the Board in regulations for greenhouse gases. These exemptions do not relieve an owner or operator from the obligation to comply with other applicable rules or regulations.
(c) (Blank).
(d) (Blank).
(e) (Blank).
(f) As used in this Section:
"Carbon dioxide emission" means the plant annual CO
2
total output emission as measured by the United States Environmental Protection Agency in its Emissions & Generation Resource Integrated Database (eGrid), or its successor.
"Carbon dioxide equivalent emissions" or "CO
2
e" means the sum total of the mass amount of emissions in tons per year, calculated by multiplying the mass amount of each of the 6 greenhouse gases specified in Section 3.207, in tons per year, by its associated global warming potential as set forth in 40 CFR 98, subpart A, table A-1 or its successor, and then adding them all together.
"Cogeneration" or "combined heat and power" refers to any system that, either simultaneously or sequentially, produces electricity and useful thermal energy from a single fuel source.
"Copollutants" refers to the 6 criteria pollutants that have been identified by the United States Environmental Protection Agency pursuant to the Clean Air Act.
"Electric generating unit" or "EGU" means a fossil fuel-fired stationary boiler, combustion turbine, or combined cycle system that serves a generator that has a nameplate capacity greater than 25 MWe and produces electricity for sale.
"Environmental justice community" means the definition of that term based on existing methodologies and findings, used and as may be updated by the Illinois Power Agency and its program administrator in the Illinois Solar for All Program.
"Equity investment eligible community" or "eligible community" means the geographic areas throughout Illinois that would most benefit from equitable investments by the State designed to combat discrimination and foster sustainable economic growth. Specifically, eligible community means the following areas:
(1) areas where residents have been historically     excluded from economic opportunities, including opportunities in the energy sector, as defined as R3 areas pursuant to Section 10-40 of the Cannabis Regulation and Tax Act; and
(2) areas where residents have been historically     subject to disproportionate burdens of pollution, including pollution from the energy sector, as established by environmental justice communities as defined by the Illinois Power Agency pursuant to the Illinois Power Agency Act, excluding any racial or ethnic indicators.
"Equity investment eligible person" or "eligible person" means the persons who would most benefit from equitable investments by the State designed to combat discrimination and foster sustainable economic growth. Specifically, eligible person means the following people:
(1) persons whose primary residence is in an equity     investment eligible community;
(2) persons whose primary residence is in a     municipality, or a county with a population under 100,000, where the closure of an electric generating unit or mine has been publicly announced or the electric generating unit or mine is in the process of closing or closed within the last 5 years;
(3) persons who are graduates of or currently     enrolled in the foster care system; or
(4) persons who were formerly incarcerated.
"Existing emissions" means:
(1) for CO
2
e, the total average tons-per-year of CO
2
e     emitted by the EGU or large GHG-emitting unit either in the years 2018 through 2020 or, if the unit was not yet in operation by January 1, 2018, in the first 3 full years of that unit's operation; and
(2) for any copollutant, the total average     tons-per-year of that copollutant emitted by the EGU or large GHG-emitting unit either in the years 2018 through 2020 or, if the unit was not yet in operation by January 1, 2018, in the first 3 full years of that unit's operation.
"Green hydrogen" means a power plant technology in which an EGU creates electric power exclusively from electrolytic hydrogen, in a manner that produces zero carbon and copollutant emissions, using hydrogen fuel that is electrolyzed using a 100% renewable zero carbon emission energy source.
"Large greenhouse gas-emitting unit" or "large GHG-emitting unit" means a unit that is an electric generating unit or other fossil fuel-fired unit that itself has a nameplate capacity or
serves a generator that has a nameplate capacity greater than 25 MWe and that produces electricity, including, but not limited to, coal-fired, coal-derived, oil-fired, natural gas-fired, and cogeneration units.
"NO
x
emission rate" means the plant annual NO
x
total output emission rate as measured by the United States Environmental Protection Agency in its Emissions & Generation Resource Integrated Database (eGrid), or its successor, in the most recent year for which data is available.
"Public greenhouse gas-emitting units" or "public GHG-emitting unit" means large greenhouse gas-emitting units, including EGUs, that are  wholly owned, directly or indirectly, by one or more municipalities, municipal corporations, joint municipal electric power agencies,  electric cooperatives, or other governmental or nonprofit entities, whether organized and created under the laws of Illinois or another state.
"SO
2
emission rate" means the "plant annual SO
2
total output emission rate" as measured by the United States Environmental Protection Agency in its Emissions & Generation Resource Integrated Database (eGrid), or its successor, in the most recent year for which data is available.
(g) All EGUs and large greenhouse gas-emitting units that use coal or oil as a fuel and are not public GHG-emitting units shall permanently reduce all CO
2
e and copollutant emissions to zero no later than January 1, 2030.
(h) All EGUs and large greenhouse gas-emitting units that
use coal as a fuel and are public GHG-emitting units shall
permanently reduce CO
2
e emissions to
zero no later than December 31, 2045. Any source or plant with such units must also reduce their CO
2
e emissions by 45% from existing emissions by no later than January 1, 2035. If the emissions reduction requirement is not achieved by December 31, 2035, the plant shall retire one or more units or otherwise reduce its CO
2
e emissions by 45% from existing emissions by June 30, 2038.
(i) All EGUs and large greenhouse gas-emitting units that use gas as a fuel and are not public GHG-emitting units shall permanently reduce all CO
2
e and copollutant emissions to zero, including through unit retirement or the use of 100% green hydrogen or other similar technology that is commercially proven to achieve zero carbon emissions, according to the following:
(1) No later than January 1, 2030: all EGUs and large     greenhouse gas-emitting units that have a NO
x
emissions rate of greater than 0.12 lbs/MWh or a SO
2
emission rate of greater than 0.006 lb/MWh, and are located in or within 3 miles of an environmental justice community designated as of January 1, 2021 or an equity investment eligible community.
(2) No later than January 1, 2040: all EGUs and large     greenhouse gas-emitting units that have a NO
x
emission rate of greater than 0.12 lbs/MWh or a SO
2
emission rate greater than 0.006 lb/MWh, and are not located in or within 3 miles of an environmental justice community designated as of January 1, 2021 or an equity investment eligible community. After January 1, 2035, each such EGU and large greenhouse gas-emitting unit shall reduce its CO
2
e emissions by at least 50% from its existing emissions for CO
2
e, and shall be limited in operation to, on average, 6 hours or less per day, measured over a calendar year, and shall not run for more than 24 consecutive hours except in emergency conditions, as designated by a Regional Transmission Organization or Independent System Operator.
(3) No later than January 1, 2035: all EGUs and large     greenhouse gas-emitting units that began operation prior to the effective date of this amendatory Act of the 102nd General Assembly and have a NO
x
emission rate of less than or equal to 0.12 lb/MWh and a SO
2
emission rate less than or equal to 0.006 lb/MWh, and are located in or within 3 miles of an environmental justice community designated as of January 1, 2021 or an equity investment eligible community. Each such EGU and large greenhouse gas-emitting unit shall reduce its CO
2
e emissions by at least 50% from its existing emissions for CO
2
e no later than January 1, 2030.
(4) No later than January 1, 2040: All remaining EGUs     and large greenhouse gas-emitting units that have a heat rate greater than or equal to 7000 BTU/kWh. Each such EGU and Large greenhouse gas-emitting unit shall reduce its CO
2
e emissions by at least 50% from its existing emissions for CO
2
e no later than January 1, 2035.
(5) No later than January 1, 2045: all remaining EGUs     and large greenhouse gas-emitting units.
(j) All EGUs and large greenhouse gas-emitting units that use gas as a fuel and are public GHG-emitting units shall permanently reduce all CO
2
e and copollutant emissions to zero, including through unit retirement or the use of 100% green hydrogen or other similar technology that is commercially proven to achieve zero carbon emissions by January 1, 2045.
(k) All EGUs and large greenhouse gas-emitting units that utilize combined heat and power or cogeneration technology shall permanently reduce all CO
2
e and copollutant emissions to zero, including through unit retirement or the use of 100% green hydrogen or other similar technology that is commercially proven to achieve zero carbon emissions by January 1, 2045.
(k-5) No EGU or large greenhouse gas-emitting unit that uses gas as a fuel and is not a public GHG-emitting unit  may emit, in any 12-month period, CO
2
e or copollutants in excess of that unit's existing emissions for those pollutants.
(l) Notwithstanding subsections (g) through (k-5), large GHG-emitting units including EGUs may temporarily continue emitting CO
2
e and copollutants after any applicable deadline specified in any of subsections (g) through (k-5) if it has been determined, as described in paragraphs (1) and (2) of this subsection, that ongoing operation of the EGU is necessary to maintain power grid supply and reliability or ongoing operation of large GHG-emitting unit that is not an EGU is necessary to serve as an emergency backup to operations. Up to and including the occurrence of an emission reduction deadline under subsection (i), all EGUs and large GHG-emitting units must comply with the following terms:
(1) if an EGU or large GHG-emitting unit that is a     participant in a regional transmission organization intends to retire, it must submit documentation to the appropriate regional transmission organization by the appropriate deadline that meets all applicable regulatory requirements necessary to obtain approval to permanently cease operating the large GHG-emitting unit;
(2) if any EGU or large GHG-emitting unit that is a     participant in a regional transmission organization receives notice that the regional transmission organization has determined that continued operation of the unit is required, the unit may continue operating until the issue identified by the regional transmission organization is resolved. The owner or operator of the unit must cooperate with the regional transmission organization in resolving the issue and must reduce its emissions to zero, consistent with the requirements under subsection (g), (h), (i), (j), (k), or (k-5), as applicable, as soon as practicable when the issue identified by the regional transmission organization is resolved; and
(3) any large GHG-emitting unit that is not a     participant in a regional transmission organization shall be allowed to continue emitting CO
2
e and copollutants after the zero-emission date specified in subsection (g), (h), (i), (j), (k), or (k-5), as applicable, in the capacity of an emergency backup unit if approved by the Illinois Commerce Commission.
(m) No variance, adjusted standard, or other regulatory relief otherwise available in this Act may be granted to the emissions reduction and elimination obligations in this Section.
(n) By June 30 of each year, beginning in 2025, the Agency shall prepare and publish on its website a report setting forth the actual greenhouse gas emissions from individual units and the aggregate statewide emissions from all units for the prior year.
(o) Every 5 years beginning in 2025, the Environmental Protection Agency, Illinois Power Agency, and Illinois Commerce Commission shall jointly prepare, and release publicly, a report to the General Assembly that examines the State's current progress toward its renewable energy resource development goals, the status of CO
2
e and copollutant emissions reductions, the current status and progress toward developing and implementing green hydrogen technologies, the current and projected status of electric resource adequacy and reliability throughout the State for the period beginning 5 years ahead, and proposed solutions for any findings. The Environmental Protection Agency, Illinois Power Agency, and Illinois Commerce Commission shall consult PJM Interconnection, LLC and Midcontinent Independent System Operator, Inc., or their respective successor organizations regarding forecasted resource adequacy and reliability needs, anticipated new generation interconnection, new transmission development or upgrades, and any announced large GHG-emitting unit closure dates and include this information in the report. The report shall be released publicly by no later than December 15 of the year it is prepared. If the Environmental Protection Agency, Illinois Power Agency, and Illinois Commerce Commission jointly conclude in the report that the data from the regional grid operators, the pace of renewable energy development, the pace of development of energy storage and demand response utilization, transmission capacity, and the CO
2
e and copollutant emissions reductions required by subsection (i) or (k-5) reasonably demonstrate that a resource adequacy shortfall will occur, including whether there will be sufficient in-state capacity to meet the zonal requirements of MISO Zone 4 or the PJM ComEd Zone, per the requirements of the regional transmission organizations, or that the regional transmission operators determine that a reliability violation will occur during the time frame the study is evaluating, then the Illinois Power Agency, in conjunction with the Environmental Protection Agency shall develop a plan to reduce or delay CO
2
e and copollutant emissions reductions requirements only to the extent and for the duration necessary to meet the resource adequacy and reliability needs of the State, including allowing any plants whose emission reduction deadline has been identified in the plan as creating a reliability concern to continue operating, including operating with reduced emissions or as emergency backup where appropriate. The plan shall also consider the use of renewable energy, energy storage, demand response, transmission development, or other strategies to resolve the identified resource adequacy shortfall or reliability violation.
(1) In developing the plan, the Environmental     Protection Agency and the Illinois Power Agency shall hold at least one workshop open to, and accessible at a time and place convenient to, the public and shall consider any comments made by stakeholders or the public. Upon development of the plan, copies of the plan shall be posted and made publicly available on the Environmental Protection Agency's, the Illinois Power Agency's, and the Illinois Commerce Commission's websites. All interested parties shall have 60 days following the date of posting to provide comment to the Environmental Protection Agency and the Illinois Power Agency on the plan. All comments submitted to the Environmental Protection Agency and the Illinois Power Agency shall be encouraged to be specific, supported by data or other detailed analyses, and, if objecting to all or a portion of the plan, accompanied by specific alternative wording or proposals. All comments shall be posted on the Environmental Protection Agency's, the Illinois Power Agency's, and the Illinois Commerce Commission's websites. Within 30 days following the end of the 60-day review period, the Environmental Protection Agency and the Illinois Power Agency shall revise the plan as necessary based on the comments received and file its revised plan with the Illinois Commerce Commission for approval.
(2) Within 60 days after the filing of the revised     plan at the Illinois Commerce Commission, any person objecting to the plan shall file an objection with the Illinois Commerce Commission. Within 30 days after the expiration of the comment period, the Illinois Commerce Commission shall determine whether an evidentiary hearing is necessary. The Illinois Commerce Commission shall also host 3 public hearings within 90 days after the plan is filed. Following the evidentiary and public hearings, the Illinois Commerce Commission shall enter its order approving or approving with modifications the reliability mitigation plan within 180 days.
(3) The Illinois Commerce Commission shall only     approve the plan if the Illinois Commerce Commission determines that it will resolve the resource adequacy or reliability deficiency identified in the reliability mitigation plan at the least amount of CO
2
e and copollutant emissions, taking into consideration the emissions impacts on environmental justice communities, and that it will ensure adequate, reliable, affordable, efficient, and environmentally sustainable electric service at the lowest total cost over time, taking into account the impact of increases in emissions.
(4) If the resource adequacy or reliability     deficiency identified in the reliability mitigation plan is resolved or reduced, the Environmental Protection Agency and the Illinois Power Agency may file an amended plan adjusting the reduction or delay in CO
2
e and copollutant emission reduction requirements identified in the plan. (Source: P.A. 102-662, eff. 9-15-21; 102-1031, eff. 5-27-22.)
(415 ILCS 5/9.16)
Sec. 9.16. Control of ethylene oxide sterilization sources.
(a) As used in this Section:
"Ethylene oxide sterilization operations" means the process of using ethylene oxide at an ethylene oxide sterilization source to make one or more items free from microorganisms, pathogens, or both microorganisms and pathogens.
"Ethylene oxide sterilization source" means any stationary source with ethylene oxide usage that would subject it to the emissions standards in 40 CFR 63.362. "Ethylene oxide sterilization source" does not include beehive fumigators, research or laboratory facilities, hospitals, doctors' offices, clinics, or other stationary sources for which the primary purpose is to provide medical services to humans or animals.
"Exhaust point" means any point through which ethylene oxide-laden air exits an ethylene oxide sterilization source.
"Stationary source" has the meaning set forth in subsection 1 of Section 39.5.
(b) Beginning 180 days after June 21, 2019 (the effective date of Public Act 101-22), no person shall conduct ethylene oxide sterilization operations, unless the ethylene oxide sterilization source captures, and demonstrates that it captures, 100% of all ethylene oxide emissions and reduces ethylene oxide emissions to the atmosphere from each exhaust point at the ethylene oxide sterilization source by at least 99.9% or to 0.2 parts per million.
(1) Within 180 days after June 21, 2019 (the     effective date of Public Act 101-22) for any existing ethylene oxide sterilization source, or prior to any ethylene oxide sterilization operation for any source that first becomes subject to regulation after June 21, 2019 (the effective date of Public Act 101-22) as an ethylene oxide sterilization source under this Section, the owner or operator of the ethylene oxide sterilization source shall conduct an initial emissions test in accordance with all of the requirements set forth in this paragraph (1) to verify that ethylene oxide emissions to the atmosphere from each exhaust point at the ethylene oxide sterilization source have been reduced by at least 99.9% or to 0.2 parts per million:
(A) At least 30 days prior to the scheduled         emissions test date, the owner or operator of the ethylene oxide sterilization source shall submit a notification of the scheduled emissions test date and a copy of the proposed emissions test protocol to the Agency for review and written approval. Emissions test protocols submitted to the Agency shall address the manner in which testing will be conducted, including, but not limited to:
(i) the name of the independent third party             company that will be performing sampling and analysis and the company's experience with similar emissions tests;
(ii) the methodologies to be used;
(iii) the conditions under which emissions             tests will be performed, including a discussion of why these conditions will be representative of maximum emissions from each of the 3 cycles of operation (chamber evacuation, back vent, and aeration) and the means by which the operating parameters for the emission unit and any control equipment will be determined;
(iv) the specific determinations of emissions             and operations that are intended to be made, including sampling and monitoring locations; and
(v) any changes to the test method or methods             proposed to accommodate the specific circumstances of testing, with justification.
(B) The owner or operator of the ethylene oxide         sterilization source shall perform emissions testing in accordance with an Agency-approved test protocol and at representative conditions to verify that ethylene oxide emissions to the atmosphere from each exhaust point at the ethylene oxide sterilization source have been reduced by at least 99.9% or to 0.2 parts per million. The duration of the test must incorporate all 3 cycles of operation for determination of the emission reduction efficiency.
(C)  Upon Agency approval of the test protocol,         any source that first becomes subject to regulation after June 21, 2019 (the effective date of Public Act 101-22) as an ethylene oxide sterilization source under this Section may undertake ethylene oxide sterilization operations in accordance with the Agency-approved test protocol for the sole purpose of demonstrating compliance with this subsection (b).
(D) The owner or operator of the ethylene oxide         sterilization source shall submit to the Agency the results of any and all emissions testing conducted after June 21, 2019 (the effective date of Public Act 101-22), until the Agency accepts testing results under subparagraph (E) of paragraph (1) of this subsection (b), for any existing source or prior to any ethylene oxide sterilization operation for any source that first becomes subject to regulation after June 21, 2019 (the effective date of Public Act 101-22) as an ethylene oxide sterilization source under this Section.  The results documentation shall include at a minimum:
(i) a summary of results;
(ii) a description of test method or methods,             including description of sample points, sampling train, analysis equipment, and test schedule;
(iii) a detailed description of test             conditions, including process information and control equipment information; and
(iv) data and calculations, including copies             of all raw data sheets, opacity observation records and records of laboratory analyses, sample calculations, and equipment calibration.
(E) Within 30 days of receipt, the Agency shall         accept, accept with conditions, or decline to accept a stack testing protocol and the testing results submitted to demonstrate compliance with paragraph (1) of this subsection (b).  If the Agency accepts with conditions or declines to accept the results submitted, the owner or operator of the ethylene oxide sterilization source shall submit revised results of the emissions testing or conduct emissions testing again.  If the owner or operator revises the results, the revised results shall be submitted within 15 days after the owner or operator of the ethylene oxide sterilization source receives written notice of the Agency's conditional acceptance or rejection of the emissions testing results.  If the owner or operator conducts emissions testing again, such new emissions testing shall conform to the requirements of this subsection (b).
(2) The owner or operator of the ethylene oxide     sterilization source shall conduct emissions testing on all exhaust points at the ethylene oxide sterilization source at least once each calendar year to demonstrate compliance with the requirements of this Section and any applicable requirements concerning ethylene oxide that are set forth in either United States Environmental Protection Agency rules or Board rules. Annual emissions tests required under this paragraph (2) shall take place at least 6 months apart. An initial emissions test conducted under paragraph (1) of this subsection (b) satisfies the testing requirement of this paragraph (2) for the calendar year in which the initial emissions test is conducted.
(3) At least 30 days before conducting the annual     emissions test required under paragraph (2) of this subsection (b), the owner or operator shall submit a notification of the scheduled emissions test date and a copy of the proposed emissions test protocol to the Agency for review and written approval. Emissions test protocols submitted to the Agency under this paragraph (3) must address each item listed in subparagraph (A) of paragraph (1) of this subsection (b). Emissions testing shall be performed in accordance with an Agency-approved test protocol and at representative conditions. In addition, as soon as practicable, but no later than 30 days after the emissions test date, the owner or operator shall submit to the Agency the results of the emissions testing required under paragraph (2) of this subsection (b).  Such results must include each item listed in subparagraph (D) of paragraph (1) of this subsection (b).
(4) If the owner or operator of an ethylene oxide     sterilization source conducts any emissions testing in addition to tests required by Public Act 101-22, the owner or operator shall submit to the Agency the results of such emissions testing within 30 days after the emissions test date.
(5) The Agency shall accept, accept with conditions,     or decline to accept testing results submitted to demonstrate compliance with paragraph (2) of this subsection (b).  If the Agency accepts with conditions or declines to accept the results submitted, the owner or operator of the ethylene oxide sterilization source shall submit revised results of the emissions testing or conduct emissions testing again.  If the owner or operator revises the results, the revised results shall be submitted within 15 days after the owner or operator of the ethylene oxide sterilization source receives written notice of the Agency's conditional acceptance or rejection of the emissions testing results.  If the owner or operator conducts emissions testing again, such new emissions testing shall conform to the requirements of this subsection (b).
(c) If any emissions test conducted more than 180 days after June 21, 2019 (the effective date of Public Act 101-22) fails to demonstrate that ethylene oxide emissions to the atmosphere from each exhaust point at the ethylene oxide sterilization source have been reduced by at least 99.9% or to 0.2 parts per million, the owner or operator of the ethylene oxide sterilization source shall immediately cease ethylene oxide sterilization operations and notify the Agency within 24 hours of becoming aware of the failed emissions test.  Within 60 days after the date of the test, the owner or operator of the ethylene oxide sterilization source shall:
(1) complete an analysis to determine the root cause     of the failed emissions test;
(2) take any actions necessary to address that root     cause;
(3) submit a report to the Agency describing the     findings of the root cause analysis, any work undertaken to address findings of the root cause analysis, and identifying any feasible best management practices to enhance capture and further reduce ethylene oxide levels within the ethylene oxide sterilization source, including a schedule for implementing such practices; and
(4) upon approval by the Agency of the report     required by paragraph (3) of this subsection, restart ethylene oxide sterilization operations only to the extent necessary to conduct additional emissions test or tests.  The ethylene oxide sterilization source shall conduct such emissions test or tests under the same requirements as the annual test described in paragraphs (2) and (3) of subsection (b).  The ethylene oxide sterilization source may restart operations once an emissions test successfully demonstrates that ethylene oxide emissions to the atmosphere from each exhaust point at the ethylene oxide sterilization source have been reduced by at least 99.9% or to 0.2 parts per million, the source has submitted the results of all emissions testing conducted under this subsection to the Agency, and the Agency has approved the results demonstrating compliance.
(d) Beginning 180 days after June 21, 2019 (the effective date of Public Act 101-22) this amendatory Act of the 101st General Assembly for any existing source or prior to any ethylene oxide sterilization operation for any source that first becomes subject to regulation after June 21, 2019 (the effective date of Public Act 101-22) as an ethylene oxide sterilization source under this Section, no person shall conduct ethylene oxide sterilization operations unless the owner or operator of the ethylene oxide sterilization source submits for review and approval by the Agency a plan describing how the owner or operator will continuously collect emissions information at the ethylene oxide sterilization source.  This plan must also specify locations at the ethylene oxide sterilization source from which emissions will be collected and identify equipment used for collection and analysis, including the individual system components.
(1) The owner or operator of the ethylene oxide     sterilization source must provide a notice of acceptance of any conditions added by the Agency to the plan, or correct any deficiencies identified by the Agency in the plan, within 3 business days after receiving the Agency's conditional acceptance or denial of the plan.
(2) Upon the Agency's approval of the plan, the owner     or operator of the ethylene oxide sterilization source shall implement the plan in accordance with its approved terms.
(e)  Beginning 180 days after June 21, 2019 (the effective date of Public Act 101-22) for any existing source or prior to any ethylene oxide sterilization operation for any source that first becomes subject to regulation after June 21, 2019 (the effective date of Public Act 101-22) as an ethylene oxide sterilization source under this Section, no person shall conduct ethylene oxide sterilization operations unless the owner or operator of the ethylene oxide sterilization source submits for review and approval by the Agency an Ambient Air Monitoring Plan.
(1) The Ambient Air Monitoring Plan shall include, at     a minimum, the following:
(A) Detailed plans to collect and analyze air         samples for ethylene oxide on at least a quarterly basis near the property boundaries of the ethylene oxide sterilization source and at community locations with the highest modeled impact pursuant to the modeling conducted under subsection (f). Each quarterly sampling under this subsection shall be conducted over a multiple-day sampling period.
(B) A schedule for implementation.
(C) The name of the independent third party         company that will be performing sampling and analysis and the company's experience with similar testing.
(2) The owner or operator of the ethylene oxide     sterilization source must provide a notice of acceptance of any conditions added by the Agency to the Ambient Air Monitoring Plan, or correct any deficiencies identified by the Agency in the Ambient Air Monitoring Plan, within 3 business days after receiving the Agency's conditional acceptance or denial of the plan.
(3) Upon the Agency's approval of the plan, the owner     or operator of the ethylene oxide sterilization source shall implement the Ambient Air Monitoring Plan in accordance with its approved terms.
(f) Beginning 180 days after June 21, 2019 (the effective date of Public Act 101-22) for any existing source or prior to any ethylene oxide sterilization operation for any source that first becomes subject to regulation after June 21, 2019 (the effective date of Public Act 101-22) as an ethylene oxide sterilization source under this Section, no person shall conduct ethylene oxide sterilization operations unless the owner or operator of the ethylene oxide sterilization source has performed dispersion modeling and the Agency approves such modeling.
(1) Dispersion modeling must:
(A) be conducted using accepted United States         Environmental Protection Agency methodologies, including 40 CFR Part 51, Appendix W, except that no background ambient levels of ethylene oxide shall be used;
(B) use emissions and stack parameter data from         the emissions test conducted in accordance with paragraph (1) of subsection (b), and use 5 years of hourly meteorological data that is representative of the source's location; and
(C) use a receptor grid that extends to at least         one kilometer around the source and ensure the modeling domain includes the area of maximum impact, with receptor spacing no greater than every 50 meters starting from the building walls of the source extending out to a distance of at least one-half kilometer, then every 100 meters extending out to a distance of at least one kilometer.
(2) The owner or operator of the ethylene oxide     sterilization source shall submit revised results of all modeling if the Agency accepts with conditions or declines to accept the results submitted.
(g) A facility permitted to emit ethylene oxide that has been subject to a seal order under Section 34 is prohibited from using ethylene oxide for sterilization or fumigation purposes, unless (i) the facility can provide a certification to the Agency by the supplier of a product to be sterilized or fumigated that ethylene oxide sterilization or fumigation is the only available method to completely sterilize or fumigate the product and (ii) the Agency has certified that the facility's emission control system uses technology that produces the greatest reduction in ethylene oxide emissions currently available. The certification shall be made by a company representative with knowledge of the sterilization requirements of the product. The certification requirements of this Section shall apply to any group of products packaged together and sterilized as a single product if sterilization or fumigation is the only available method to completely sterilize or fumigate more than half of the individual products contained in the package.
A facility is not subject to the requirements of this subsection if the supporting findings of the seal order under Section 34 are found to be without merit by a court of competent jurisdiction.
(h) If an entity, or any parent or subsidiary of an entity, that owns or operates a facility permitted by the Agency to emit ethylene oxide acquires by purchase, license, or any other method of acquisition any intellectual property right in a sterilization technology that does not involve the use of ethylene oxide, or by purchase, merger, or any other method of acquisition of any entity that holds an intellectual property right in a sterilization technology that does not involve the use of ethylene oxide, that entity, parent, or subsidiary shall notify the Agency of the acquisition within 30 days of acquiring it. If that entity, parent, or subsidiary has not used the sterilization technology within 3 years of its acquisition, the entity shall notify the Agency within 30 days of the 3-year period elapsing.
An entity, or any parent or subsidiary of an entity, that owns or operates a facility permitted by the Agency to emit ethylene oxide that has any intellectual property right in any sterilization technology that does not involve the use of ethylene oxide shall notify the Agency of any offers that it makes to license or otherwise allow the technology to be used by third parties within 30 days of making the offer.
An entity, or any parent or subsidiary of an entity, that owns or operates a facility permitted by the Agency to emit ethylene oxide shall provide the Agency with a list of all U.S. patent registrations for sterilization technology that the entity, parent, or subsidiary has any property right in. The list shall include the following:
(1) The patent number assigned by the United States     Patent and Trademark Office for each patent.
(2) The date each patent was filed.
(3) The names and addresses of all owners or     assignees of each patent.
(4) The names and addresses of all inventors of each     patent.
(i) If a CAAPP permit applicant applies to use ethylene oxide as a sterilant or fumigant at a facility not in existence prior to January 1, 2020, the Agency shall issue a CAAPP permit for emission of ethylene oxide only if:
(1) the nearest school or park is at least 10 miles     from the permit applicant in counties with populations greater than 50,000;
(2) the nearest school or park is at least 15 miles     from the permit applicant in counties with populations less than or equal to 50,000; and
(3) within 7 days after the application for a CAAPP     permit, the permit applicant has published its permit request on its website, published notice in a local newspaper of general circulation, and provided notice to:
(A) the State Representative for the         representative district in which the facility is located;
(B) the State Senator for the legislative         district in which the facility is located;
(C) the members of the county board for the         county in which the facility is located; and
(D) the local municipal board members and         executives.
(j) The owner or operator of an ethylene oxide sterilization source must apply for and obtain a construction permit from the Agency for any modifications made to the source to comply with the requirements of Public Act 101-22, including, but not limited to, installation of a permanent total enclosure, modification of airflow to create negative pressure within the source, and addition of one or more control devices. Additionally, the owner or operator of the ethylene oxide sterilization source must apply for and obtain from the Agency a modification of the source's operating permit to incorporate such modifications made to the source. Both the construction permit and operating permit must include a limit on ethylene oxide usage at the source.
(k) Nothing in this Section shall be interpreted to excuse the ethylene oxide sterilization source from complying with any applicable local requirements.
(l) The owner or operator of an ethylene oxide sterilization source must notify the Agency within 5 days after discovering any deviation from any of the requirements in this Section or deviations from any applicable requirements concerning ethylene oxide that are set forth in this Act, United States Environmental Protection Agency rules, or Board rules. As soon as practicable, but no later than 5 business days, after the Agency receives such notification, the Agency must post a notice on its website and notify the members of the General Assembly from the Legislative and Representative Districts in which the source in question is located, the county board members of the county in which the source in question is located, the corporate authorities of the municipality in which the source in question is located, and the Illinois Department of Public Health.
(m) The Agency must conduct at least one unannounced inspection of all ethylene oxide sterilization sources subject to this Section per year.  Nothing in this Section shall limit the Agency's authority under other provisions of this Act to conduct inspections of ethylene oxide sterilization sources.
(n) The Agency shall conduct air testing to determine the ambient levels of ethylene oxide throughout the State. The Agency shall, within 180 days after June 21, 2019 (the effective date of Public Act 101-22), submit rules for ambient air testing of ethylene oxide to the Board.
(Source: P.A. 101-22, eff. 6-21-19; 102-558, eff. 8-20-21.)
(415 ILCS 5/9.17)
Sec. 9.17. Nonnegligible ethylene oxide emissions sources.
(a) In this Section, "nonnegligible ethylene oxide emissions source" means an ethylene oxide emissions source permitted by the Agency that currently emits more than 150 pounds of ethylene oxide as reported on the source's 2017 Toxic Release Inventory and is located in a county with a population of at least 700,000 based on 2010 census data. "Nonnegligible ethylene oxide emissions source" does not include facilities that are ethylene oxide sterilization sources or hospitals that are licensed under the Hospital Licensing Act or operated under the University of Illinois Hospital Act.
(b) Beginning 180 days after June 21, 2019 (the effective date of Public Act 101-23), no nonnegligible ethylene oxide emissions source shall conduct activities that cause ethylene oxide emissions unless the owner or operator of the nonnegligible ethylene oxide emissions source submits for review and approval of the Agency a plan describing how the owner or operator will continuously collect emissions information. The plan must specify locations at the nonnegligible ethylene oxide emissions source from which emissions will be collected and identify equipment used for collection and analysis, including the individual system components.
(1) The owner or operator of the nonnegligible     ethylene oxide emissions source must provide a notice of acceptance of any conditions added by the Agency to the plan or correct any deficiencies identified by the Agency in the plan within 3 business days after receiving the Agency's conditional acceptance or denial of the plan.
(2) Upon the Agency's approval of the plan the owner     or operator of the nonnegligible ethylene oxide emissions source shall implement the plan in accordance with its approved terms.
(c) Beginning 180 days after June 21, 2019 (the effective date of Public Act 101-23), no nonnegligible ethylene oxide emissions source shall conduct activities that cause ethylene oxide emissions unless the owner or operator of the nonnegligible ethylene oxide emissions source has performed dispersion modeling and the Agency approves the dispersion modeling.
(1) Dispersion modeling must:
(A) be conducted using accepted United States         Environmental Protection Agency methodologies, including Appendix W to 40 CFR 51, except that no background ambient levels of ethylene oxide shall be used;
(B) use emissions and stack parameter data from         any emissions test conducted and 5 years of hourly meteorological data that is representative of the nonnegligible ethylene oxide emissions source's location; and
(C) use a receptor grid that extends to at least         one kilometer around the nonnegligible ethylene oxide emissions source and ensures the modeling domain includes the area of maximum impact, with receptor spacing no greater than every 50 meters starting from the building walls of the nonnegligible ethylene oxide emissions source extending out to a distance of at least 1/2 kilometer, then every 100 meters extending out to a distance of at least one kilometer.
(2) The owner or operator of the nonnegligible     ethylene oxide emissions source shall submit revised results of all modeling if the Agency accepts with conditions or declines to accept the results submitted.
(d) Beginning 180 days after June 21, 2019 (the effective date of Public Act 101-23), no nonnegligible ethylene oxide emissions source shall conduct activities that cause ethylene oxide emissions unless the owner or operator of the nonnegligible ethylene oxide emissions source obtains a permit consistent with the requirements in this Section from the Agency to conduct activities that may result in the emission of ethylene oxide.
(e) The Agency in issuing the applicable permits to a nonnegligible ethylene oxide emissions source shall:
(1) impose a site-specific annual cap on ethylene     oxide emissions set to protect the public health; and
(2) include permit conditions granting the Agency the     authority to reopen the permit if the Agency determines that the emissions of ethylene oxide from the permitted nonnegligible ethylene oxide emissions source pose a risk to the public health as defined by the Agency.
(Source: P.A. 101-23, eff. 6-21-19; 102-558, eff. 8-20-21.)
(415 ILCS 5/9.18)
(Section scheduled to be repealed on January 1, 2025)
Sec. 9.18. Commission on market-based carbon pricing solutions.
(a) In the United States, state-based market policies to reduce greenhouse gases have been in operation since 2009. More than a quarter of the US population lives in a state with carbon pricing and these states represent one-third of the United States' gross domestic product. Market-based policies have proved effective at reducing emissions in states across the United States, and around the world. Additionally, well-designed carbon pricing incentivizes energy efficiency and drives investments in low-carbon solutions and technologies, such as renewables, hydrogen, biofuels, and carbon capture, use, and storage. Illinois must assess available suites of programs and policies to support a rapid, economy-wide decarbonization and spur the development of a clean energy economy in the State, while maintaining Illinois' competitive advantage.
(b) The Governor is hereby authorized to create a carbon pricing commission to study the short-term and long-term impacts of joining, implementing, or designing a sector-based, statewide, or regional carbon pricing program. The commission shall analyze and compare the relative cost of, and greenhouse gas reductions from, various carbon pricing programs available to Illinois and the Midwest, including, but not limited to: the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI), the Transportation and Climate Initiative (TCI), California's cap-and-trade program, California's low carbon fuel standard, Washington State's cap-and-invest program, the Oregon Clean Fuels Program, and other relevant market-based programs. At the conclusion of the study, no later than December 31, 2022, the commission shall issue a public report containing its findings.
(c) This Section is repealed on January 1, 2025.
(Source: P.A. 102-662, eff. 9-15-21; 103-563, eff. 11-17-23.)
(415 ILCS 5/9.19)
Sec. 9.19. Refrigerants. A refrigerant designated as approved in accordance with 42 U.S.C. 7671k shall be allowed for use in the State as long as any equipment containing such refrigerant is listed and installed in accordance with safety standards and use conditions imposed pursuant to such designation. No unit of local government or municipality shall be restricted from authorizing or prohibiting alternative refrigerants otherwise authorized for use in the State.
(Source: P.A. 103-230, eff. 6-30-23.)
(415 ILCS 5/10) (from Ch. 111 1/2, par. 1010)
Sec. 10. Regulations.
(A) The Board, pursuant to procedures prescribed in Title VII of
this Act, may adopt regulations to promote the purposes of this Title.
Without limiting the generality of this authority, such regulations may
among other things prescribe:
(a) (Blank);
(b) Emission standards specifying the maximum amounts     or concentrations of various contaminants that may be discharged into the atmosphere;
(c) Standards for the issuance of permits for     construction, installation, or operation of any equipment, facility, vehicle, vessel, or aircraft capable of causing or contributing to air pollution or designed to prevent air pollution;
(d) Standards and conditions regarding the sale,     offer, or use of any fuel, vehicle, or other article determined by the Board to constitute an air-pollution hazard;
(e) Alert and abatement standards relative to     air-pollution episodes or emergencies constituting an acute danger to health or to the environment;
(f) Requirements and procedures for the inspection of     any equipment, facility, vehicle, vessel, or aircraft that may cause or contribute to air pollution;
(g) Requirements and standards for equipment and     procedures for monitoring contaminant discharges at their sources, the collection of samples, and the collection, reporting, and retention of data resulting from such monitoring.
(B) The Board may adopt regulations and emission standards that are applicable or that may become applicable to stationary emission sources located in all areas of the State in accordance with any of the following:
(1) that are required by federal law;
(2) that are otherwise part of the State's attainment     plan and are necessary to attain the national ambient air quality standards; or
(3) that are necessary to comply with the     requirements of the federal Clean Air Act.
(C) The Board may not adopt any regulation banning the burning of landscape
waste throughout the State generally.  The Board may, by regulation, restrict
or prohibit the burning of landscape waste within
any geographical area of the State if it determines based on medical and
biological evidence generally accepted by the scientific community that
such burning will produce in the atmosphere of that geographical area
contaminants in sufficient quantities and of such characteristics and
duration as to be injurious to human, plant, or animal life or health.
(D) The Board shall adopt regulations requiring the owner or operator of
a gasoline dispensing system that dispenses more than 10,000 gallons of
gasoline per month to install and operate a system for the recovery of
gasoline vapor emissions arising from the fueling of motor vehicles that
meets the requirements of Section 182 of the federal Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. 
7511a).  These regulations shall apply only in areas of the State that are
classified as moderate, serious, severe, or extreme nonattainment areas for
ozone pursuant to Section 181 of the federal Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. 7511),
but shall not apply in such areas classified as moderate nonattainment
areas for ozone if the Administrator of the U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency promulgates standards for vehicle-based (onboard) systems for the
control of vehicle refueling emissions pursuant to Section 202(a)(6) of the
federal Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. 7521(a)(6)) by November 15, 1992.
(E) The Board shall not adopt or enforce any regulation requiring the use
of a tarpaulin or other covering on a truck, trailer, or other vehicle that is
stricter than the requirements of Section 15-109.1 of the Illinois Vehicle
Code.  To the extent that it is in conflict with this subsection, the Board's
rule codified as 35 Ill. Adm. Code 212.315 is hereby superseded.
(F) Any person who, prior to June 8, 1988, has filed a timely Notice of
Intent to Petition for an Adjusted RACT Emissions Limitation and who
subsequently timely files a completed petition for an adjusted RACT
emissions limitation pursuant to 35 Ill. Adm. Code Part 215, Subpart I,
shall be subject to the procedures contained in Subpart I but shall be
excluded by operation of law from 35 Ill. Adm. Code Part 215, Subparts PP,
QQ, and RR, including the applicable definitions in 35 Ill. Adm. Code Part
211.  Such persons shall instead be subject to a separate regulation which
the Board is hereby authorized to adopt pursuant to the adjusted RACT
emissions limitation procedure in 35 Ill. Adm. Code Part 215, Subpart I.
In its final action on the petition, the Board shall create a separate rule
which establishes Reasonably Available Control Technology (RACT) for such
person.  The purpose of this procedure is to create separate and
independent regulations for purposes of SIP submittal, review, and approval
by USEPA.
(G) Subpart FF of Subtitle B, Title 35 Ill. Adm. Code 218.720
through 218.730 and 219.720 through 219.730, are hereby repealed by
operation of law and are rendered null and void and of no force and effect.
(H) In accordance with subsection (b) of Section 7.2, the Board shall adopt ambient air quality standards specifying the maximum permissible short-term and long-term concentrations of various contaminants in the atmosphere; those standards shall be identical in substance to the national ambient air quality standards promulgated by the Administrator of the United States Environmental Protection Agency in accordance with Section 109 of the Clean Air Act. The Board may consolidate into a single rulemaking under this subsection all such federal regulations adopted within a period of time not to exceed 6 months.  The provisions and requirements of Title VII of this Act and Section 5-35 of the Illinois Administrative Procedure Act, relating to procedures for rulemaking, shall not apply to identical in substance regulations adopted pursuant to this subsection.  However, the Board shall provide for notice and public comment before adopted rules are filed with the Secretary of State.  Nothing in this subsection shall be construed to limit the right of any person to submit a proposal to the Board, or the authority of the Board to adopt, air quality standards more stringent than the standards promulgated by the Administrator, pursuant to the rulemaking requirements of Title VII of this Act and Section 5-35 of the Illinois Administrative Procedure Act.
(Source: P.A. 103-154, eff. 6-30-23.)