2023 Colorado Revised Statutes › Title 18 - CRIMINAL CODE (§§ 18-1-101 — 18-26-102) › Article 17 - COLORADO ORGANIZED CRIME CONTROL ACT (§§ 18-17-101 — 18-17-109) › Section 18-17-103 - Definitions

As used in this article 17, unless the context otherwise requires:
(1)
"Documentary material" means any book, paper, document, writing, drawing, graph, chart, photograph, phonorecord, magnetic tape, computer printout, other data compilation from which information can be obtained or from which information can be translated into usable form, or other functionally similar tangible item.
(2)
"Enterprise" means any individual, sole proprietorship, partnership, corporation, trust, or other legal entity or any chartered union, association, or group of individuals, associated in fact although not a legal entity, and shall include illicit as well as licit enterprises and governmental as well as other entities.
(3)
"Pattern of racketeering activity" means engaging in at least two acts of racketeering activity which are related to the conduct of the enterprise, if at least one of such acts occurred in this state after July 1, 1981, and if the last of such acts occurred within ten years (excluding any period of imprisonment) after a prior act of racketeering activity.
(4)
"Person" means any individual or entity holding or capable of holding a legal or beneficial interest in property.
(5)
"Racketeering activity" means to commit, to attempt to commit, to conspire to commit, or to solicit, coerce, or intimidate another person to commit:
(a)
Any conduct defined as "racketeering activity" under
18 U.S.C. 1961(1)(A), (1)(B), (1)(C), and (1)(D)
; or
(b)
Any violation of the following provisions of the Colorado statutes or any criminal act committed in any jurisdiction of the United States that, if committed in this state, would be a crime under the following provisions of the Colorado statutes:
(I)
Offenses against the person, as defined in sections
18-3-102
(first degree murder),
18-3-103
(second degree murder),
18-3-104
(manslaughter) ,
18-3-202
(first degree assault),
18-3-203
(second degree assault),
18-3-204
(third degree assault),
18-3-206
(menacing) ,
18-3-207
(criminal extortion),
18-3-301
(first degree kidnapping),
18-3-302
(second degree kidnapping),
18-3-503
(human trafficking for involuntary servitude), and
18-3-504
(human trafficking for sexual servitude);
(II)
Offenses against property, as defined in sections
18-4-102
(first degree arson), 18-4-103 (second degree arson), 18-4-104 (third degree arson), 18-4-105 (fourth degree arson), 18-4-202 (first degree burglary), 18-4-203 (second degree burglary), 18-4-301 (robbery), 18-4-302 (aggravated robbery), 18-4-401 (theft), 18-4-409 (motor vehicle theft), 18-4-409.5 (unauthorized use of a motor vehicle), and 18-4-501 (criminal mischief);
(III)
Offenses involving cybercrime, as defined in article
5.5
of this title 18;
(IV)
Offenses involving fraud, as defined in sections
18-5-102
(forgery) ,
18-5-104
(second degree forgery),
18-5-105
(criminal possession of forged instrument),
18-5-109
(criminal possession of forgery devices),
18-5-110.5
(trademark counterfeiting),
6-16-111
, C.R.S., (felony charitable fraud),
18-5-206
(defrauding a secured creditor or debtor), 18- 5-309 (money laundering),
18-5-403
(bribery in sports),
18-5-113
(criminal impersonation),
18-5-114
(offering a false document for recording),
18-5-702
(unauthorized use of a financial transaction device),
18-5-705
(criminal possession or sale of a blank financial transaction device),
18-5-706
(criminal possession of forgery devices),
18-5-707
(unlawful manufacture of a financial transaction device),
18-5-902
(identity theft),
18-5-903
(criminal possession of a financial device),
18-5-903.5
(criminal possession of an identification document),
18-5-904
(gathering identity information by deception), and
18-5-905
(possession of identity theft tools);
(V)
Offenses involving the family relation, as defined in section
18-6-403
(sexual exploitation of children);
(VI)
Offenses relating to morals, as defined in sections
18-7-102
(wholesale promotion of obscenity or promotion of obscenity),
18-7-203
(pandering) ,
18-7-206
(pimping) ,
18-7-402
(soliciting for child prostitution),
18-7-403
(pandering of a child),
18-7-404
(keeping a place of child prostitution), and
18-7-405
(pimping of a child);
(VII)
Offenses involving governmental operations, as defined in sections
18-8-302
(bribery) ,
18-8-303
(compensation for past official behavior),
18-8-306
(attempt to influence a public servant),
18-8-402
(misuse of official information),
18-8-502
(first degree perjury),
18-8-503
(second degree perjury),
18-8-603
(bribe-receiving by a witness),
18-8-606
(bribing a juror),
18-8-608
(intimidating a juror),
18-8-609
(jury-tampering),
18-8-610
(tampering with physical evidence),
18-8-703
(bribing a witness or victim),
18-8-704
(intimidating a witness or victim), and
18-8-707
(tampering with a witness or victim);
(VIII)
Offenses against public peace, order, and decency, as defined in sections
18-9-303
(prohibited wiretapping) and
18-9-304
(prohibited eavesdropping);
(IX)
Gambling, as defined in sections
18-10-103(2)
(professional gambling),
18-10-105
(possession of a gambling device or record),
18-10-106
(transmission of receipt of gambling information), and
18-10-107
(maintaining gambling premises);
(X)
Offenses relating to firearms and weapons, as defined in sections
18-12-102
(possessing an illegal weapon or a dangerous weapon),
18-12-107.5
(illegal discharge of a firearm), and
18-12-109
(possession, use, or removal of explosives or incendiary devices or the possession of components thereof);
(XI)
Offenses involving the making, financing, or collection of loans, as defined in sections
18-15-102
(extortionate extension of credit),
18-15-104
(engaging in criminal usury),
18-15-105
(financing extortionate extensions of credit),
18-15-106
(financing criminal usury),
18-15-107
(collection of extensions of credit by extortionate means), and
18-15-108
(possession or concealment of records of criminal usury);
(XII)
Fraud upon the department of revenue, as defined in section
39-21-118
, C.R.S.;
(XIII)
Securities offenses, as defined in sections
11-51-401
and
11-51-603
(registration of brokers and dealers),
11-51-301
and
11-51-603
(registration of securities), and
11-51-501
and
11-51-603
(fraud and other prohibited practices), C.R.S.;
(XIV)
Offenses relating to controlled substances (part 1 of article
280
of title
12
, part 2 of article
80
of title
27
, and article
18
of this title 18);
(XV)
Offenses relating to taxation, as defined in section
39-22-621
, C.R.S.;
(XVI)
Offenses relating to limited gaming, as defined in article
20
of this title 18 or article
30
of title
44
; and
(XVII)
Offenses relating to telecommunications crime as set forth in section
18-9-309
.
(6)
"Unlawful debt" means a debt incurred or contracted in an illegal gambling activity or business or which is unenforceable under state or federal law in whole or in part as to principal or interest because of the law relating to usury.
Amended by 2023 Ch. 298,§ 54, eff. 10/1/2023.
Amended by 2023 Ch. 309,§ 3, eff. 7/1/2023.
Amended by 2019 Ch. 136, § 101, eff. 10/1/2019.
Amended by 2018 Ch. 14, § 14, eff. 10/1/2018.
Amended by 2018 Ch. 379, § 6, eff. 8/8/2018.
Amended by 2014 Ch. 282, § 19, eff. 7/1/2014.
Amended by 2013 Ch. 373, § 11, eff. 6/5/2013.
L. 81: Entire article added, p. 1015, § 1, effective July 1; (5)(b)(XIV) amended, p. 2032, § 48, effective July 14. L. 82:(5)(b)(XIII) amended, p. 623, § 19, effective April 2; (5)(b)(II) amended, p. 254, § 11, effective May 3. L. 83:(5)(b)(VI) and (5)(b)(X) amended, p. 2048, §§5, 6, effective October 14. L. 84:(5)(b)(VII) amended, p. 503, § 6, effective July 1. L. 88:(5)(b)(IV) amended, p. 358, § 2, effective July 1. L. 90:(5)(b)(II) amended, p. 987, § 12, effective April 24; (5)(b)(XIII) amended, p. 740, § 4, effective July 1. L. 91:(5)(b)(XVI) added, p. 1582, § 10, effective June 4. L. 93:(5)(b)(X) amended, p. 969, § 3, effective July 1. L. 95:(5)(b)(IV) amended, p. 1256, § 21, effective July 1. L. 97:(5)(b)(XVII) added, p. 991, § 3, effective July 1. L. 2000:(5)(b)(IV) amended, p. 692, § 2, effective July 1. L. 2001:(5)(b)(IV) amended, p. 769, § 4, effective August 8. L. 2006:(5)(b)(IV) amended, p. 1323, § 9, effective July 1. L. 2009:(5)(b)(IV) amended,(SB 09-093), ch. 326, p. 1738, § 4, effective 7/1/2011. L. 2010:(5)(b)(I) amended,(SB 10-140), ch. 156, p. 536, § 2, effective April 21; (5)(b)(IV) amended,(HB 10-1081), ch. 256, p. 1140, §§ 2, 3, effective August 11. L. 2012:(5)(b)(XIV) amended,(HB 12-1311), ch. 281, p. 1620, § 50, effective July 1. L. 2013:(5)(b)(II),(HB 13-1160), ch. 373, p. 2200, § 11, effective June 5. L. 2014:(5)(b)(I) amended,(HB 14-1273), ch. 282, p. 1156, § 19, effective July 1. L. 2018:IP and (5)(b)(III) amended,(HB 18-1200), ch. 379, p. 2293, § 6, effective August 8; IP and (5)(b)(XVI) amended,(SB 18-034), ch. 14, p. 240, § 14, effective October 1. L. 2019:(5)(b)(XIV) amended,(HB 19-1172), ch. 136, p. 1677, § 101, effective October 1. L. 2023:(5)(b)(II) amended,(SB 23-097), ch. 309, p. 1888, § 3, effective July 1; IP(5)(b) and (5)(b)(II) amended,(HB 23-1293), ch. 298, p. 1794, § 54, effective October 1.
For the legislative declaration contained in the 2001 act amending subsection (5)(b)(IV), see section 1 of chapter 224, Session Laws of Colorado 2001.