reglab/statecodes huggingface dataset:
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 46a - Human Rights › Chapter 814c - Human Rights and Opportunities › Section 46a-100. - Discriminatory practice: Cause of action upon release from commission.

Any person who has filed a complaint with the commission in accordance with section 46a-82 and who has obtained a release of jurisdiction in accordance with section 46a-83a or 46a-101, may bring an action in the superior court for the judicial district in which the discriminatory practice is alleged to have occurred, the judicial district in which the respondent transacts business or the judicial district in which the complainant resides, except any action involving a state agency or official may be brought in the superior court for the judicial district of Hartford.
(P.A. 88-230, S. 1, 12; P.A. 90-98, S. 1, 2; P.A. 91-331, S. 1; P.A. 93-142, S. 4, 7, 8; P.A. 95-220, S. 4–6; P.A. 98-245, S. 6, 14; June Sp. Sess. P.A. 15-5, S. 84.)
History: (Revisor's note: P.A. 88-230 and P.A. 90-98 authorized substitution of “judicial district of Hartford” for “judicial district of Hartford-New Britain” in the general statutes and in the public and special acts of the 1991 session of the general assembly, effective September 1, 1993); P.A. 93-142 changed the effective date of P.A. 88-230 from September 1, 1993, to September 1, 1996, effective June 14, 1993; P.A. 95-220 changed the effective date of P.A. 88-230 from September 1, 1996, to September 1, 1998, effective July 1, 1995; P.A. 98-245 deleted phrase “alleging a violation of section 46a-60” and added reference to Sec. 46a-83a, effective July 1, 1998, and applicable to all cases pending with the commission or in the courts and cases filed on or after said date; June Sp. Sess. P.A. 15-5 substituted “filed a complaint with the commission” for “timely filed a complaint with the Commission on Human Rights and Opportunities”, substituted “release of jurisdiction” for “release from the commission”, added provision re action being brought in the judicial district in which complainant resides and made technical changes.
Section represents an unambiguous waiver of sovereign immunity, authorizing actions against the state for alleged discriminatory employment practices in violation of Sec. 46a-60. 291 C. 384.
Cited. 44 CA 446. The provisions of section do not constitute a waiver of the state's immunity. 104 CA 547; judgment reversed, see 291 C. 384. Waiver of sovereign immunity under section does not extend to claims based on corresponding federal statute relating to age discrimination, namely the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967. 153 CA 146.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 46a - Human Rights › Chapter 814c - Human Rights and Opportunities › Section 46a-102. - Civil action for discriminatory practice: Statute of limitations.

Any action brought in accordance with section 46a-100 shall be brought within two years of the date of filing of the complaint with the commission, except that an action may be brought within six months of October 1, 1991, with respect to an alleged violation provided a complaint concerning such violation has been pending with the commission for more than one year as of October 1, 1991, unless the complaint has been scheduled for a hearing.
(P.A. 91-331, S. 3.)
Cited. 236 C. 681.
Cited. 44 CA 446. Plaintiff's amended complaint, which alleged age discrimination, related back to date of the original complaint, which alleged racial discrimination and which was based on the same facts, and was properly dismissed for failure to bring action within 2 years of filing the original complaint, as required by section. 123 CA 1.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 46a - Human Rights › Chapter 814c - Human Rights and Opportunities › Section 46a-103. - Civil action for discriminatory practice: Service of process on the commission; right of commission to intervene.

The complainant or his attorney shall serve a copy of the complaint in an action brought in accordance with section 46a-100 on the commission at the same time all other parties in such action are served. Service on the commission shall be for the purpose of providing legal notice of the action and shall not thereby make the commission a necessary party to the action. The commission, through its counsel or the Attorney General, may intervene as a matter of right in any action brought in accordance with section 46a-100.
(P.A. 91-331, S. 4.)
Cited. 236 C. 681.
Cited. 44 CA 446.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 46a - Human Rights › Chapter 814c - Human Rights and Opportunities › Section 46a-104. - Civil action for discriminatory practice: Relief.

The court may grant a complainant in an action brought in accordance with section 46a-100 such legal and equitable relief which it deems appropriate including, but not limited to, temporary or permanent injunctive relief, punitive damages, attorney's fees and court costs. The amount of attorney's fees allowed shall not be contingent upon the amount of damages requested by or awarded to the complainant.
(P.A. 91-331, S. 5; P.A. 11-237, S. 15; P.A. 19-16, S. 10.)
History: P.A. 11-237 added provision re amount of attorney's fees allowed; P.A. 19-16 added “punitive damages,”.
Cited. 232 C. 91. In light of
Ames v. Commissioner of Motor Vehicles
, 267 Conn. 524, and a close reading of text of section in relation to other related human rights statutes, section does not authorize an award of punitive damages in employment discrimination cases. 324 C. 470.
Cited. 44 CA 446. Court did not abuse its discretion by awarding plaintiff attorney's fees because jury found defendant created hostile work environment in violation of Sec. 46a-60 and awarded punitive damages. 117 CA 680. The legislature did not, either expressly or by force of a necessary implication, statutorily waive the state's sovereign immunity from liability for punitive damages under the fair employment practices act. 118 CA 65. Section does not explicitly authorize award of punitive damages, therefore plaintiff is not entitled to such relief under section; despite use of the phrase “including, but not limited to” to modify the phrase “legal and equitable relief”, section already explicitly authorizes award of attorney's fees and litigation costs, and awarding punitive damages would provide plaintiff with double recovery and alter the settled common-law rule limiting punitive damages to a single recovery of litigation expenses, and there is no clear intent by the legislature to provide multiple recovery of attorney's fees and litigation costs under section. 157 CA 312; judgment affirmed, see 324 C. 470.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 46a - Human Rights › Chapter 814d - Commission on Women, Children, Seniors, Equity and Opportunity Concerning Children › Section 46a-126. - Commission on Children. Membership. Vacancies. Executive director. Staff and personnel matters.

Section 46a-126 is repealed, effective July 1, 2016.
(P.A. 85-584, S. 1, 9; P.A. 93-91, S. 1, 2; 93-262, S. 67, 87; 93-381, S. 9, 39; P.A. 95-257, S. 12, 21, 58; P.A. 96-268, S. 4, 34; P.A. 07-73, S. 2(b); Sept. Sp. Sess. P.A. 09-7, S. 150; P.A. 10-1, S. 7; June 12 Sp. Sess. P.A. 12-2, S. 79; May Sp. Sess. P.A. 16-3, S. 209.)
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 46a - Human Rights › Chapter 814d - Commission on Women, Children, Seniors, Equity and Opportunity Concerning Children › Section 46a-127. - Appointment and terms of members. Expenses.

Section 46a-127 is repealed, effective October 5, 2009.
(P.A. 85-584, S. 2, 9; Sept. Sp. Sess. P.A. 09-7, S. 190.)
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 46a - Human Rights › Chapter 814d - Commission on Women, Children, Seniors, Equity and Opportunity Concerning Children › Section 46a-128. - Review of statutes. Report of findings and recommendations.

The Commission on Women, Children, Seniors, Equity and Opportunity shall review the general statutes with regard to matters involving children and shall, on or before February 1, 2017, and annually thereafter on or before September first, make a report of its findings with regard to any matter before it with specific recommendations for legislation to the Governor and the General Assembly.
(P.A. 85-584, S. 3, 9; May Sp. Sess. P.A. 16-3, S. 173; P.A. 19-117, S. 135.)
History: May Sp. Sess. P.A. 16-3 replaced “commission” with “Commission on Women, Children and Seniors”, replaced “February 1, 1986” with “February 1, 2017” and made a technical change, effective July 1, 2016; P.A. 19-117 replaced “Commission on Women, Children and Seniors” with “Commission on Women, Children, Seniors, Equity and Opportunity”, effective July 1, 2019.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 46a - Human Rights › Chapter 814d - Commission on Women, Children, Seniors, Equity and Opportunity Concerning Children › Section 46a-129 and 46a-130. - Duties generally; annual report; staff; recommendations and advocacy. Authority generally.

Sections 46a-129 and 46a-130 are repealed, effective July 1, 2016.
(P.A. 85-584, S. 4, 5, 9; Sept. Sp. Sess. P.A. 09-7, S. 151, 152; May Sp. Sess. P.A. 16-3, S. 209.)
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 46a - Human Rights › Chapter 814d - Commission on Women, Children, Seniors, Equity and Opportunity Concerning Children › Section 46a-131. - Information and assistance from state agencies. Acceptance of gifts.

(a) The Commission on Children may request from all state agencies such information and assistance as it may require.
(b) The commission may accept any gifts, donations or bequests for any of the purposes of sections 46a-126 to 46a-131, inclusive.
(P.A. 85-584, S. 6, 9.)
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 46a - Human Rights › Chapter 814d - Commission on Women, Children, Seniors, Equity and Opportunity Concerning Children › Section 46a-131a. - Annual social health index report.

(a) The Commission on Women, Children, Seniors, Equity and Opportunity shall develop, within available appropriations, an annual social health index report for the state of Connecticut to monitor the social health of its citizens and assist the state in analyzing and publicizing social health issues and in evaluating the state's progress in addressing these issues.
(b) Said commission may accept for the development of said index, any and all grants, contributions or donations of money and may receive, utilize and dispose of the same.
(P.A. 97-312, S. 4; May Sp. Sess. P.A. 16-3, S. 174; P.A. 19-117, S. 136.)
History: May Sp. Sess. P.A. 16-3 amended Subsec. (a) by replacing “Commission on Children” with “Commission on Women, Children and Seniors”, effective July 1, 2016; P.A. 19-117 amended Subsec. (a) by replacing “Commission on Women, Children and Seniors” with “Commission on Women, Children, Seniors, Equity and Opportunity”, effective July 1, 2019.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 46a - Human Rights › Chapter 814d - Commission on Women, Children, Seniors, Equity and Opportunity Concerning Children › Section 46a-131b. - Youth leadership opportunities.

The Commission on Women, Children, Seniors, Equity and Opportunity shall coordinate information on youth leadership opportunities that keep youth engaged in the community. The commission shall inform the General Assembly and the public of such opportunities.
(P.A. 10-133, S. 11; May Sp. Sess. P.A. 16-3, S. 175; P.A. 19-117, S. 137.)
History: P.A. 10-133 effective June 8, 2010; May Sp. Sess. P.A. 16-3 replaced “Commission on Children” with “Commission on Women, Children and Seniors”, effective July 1, 2016; P.A. 19-117 replaced “Commission on Women, Children and Seniors” with “Commission on Women, Children, Seniors, Equity and Opportunity”, effective July 1, 2019.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 46a - Human Rights › Chapter 814e - Physical Restraint, Medication and Seclusion of Persons Receiving Care, Education or Supervision in a School, Institution or Facility › Section 46a-151. - Life-threatening physical restraint prohibited.

No provider of care or supervision of a person at risk and no assistant provider may use a life-threatening physical restraint on a person at risk. This section shall not be construed as limiting any defense to criminal prosecution for the use of deadly physical force that may be available under sections 53a-18 to 53a-22, inclusive.
(P.A. 99-210, S. 2, 6; P.A. 15-141, S. 3.)
History: P.A. 99-210 effective June 29, 1999; P.A. 15-141 deleted reference to education, effective July 1, 2015.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 46a - Human Rights › Chapter 814e - Physical Restraint, Medication and Seclusion of Persons Receiving Care, Education or Supervision in a School, Institution or Facility › Section 46a-154. - Internal monitoring, training and development of policies and procedures required and subject to state agency inspection.

(a) Each institution or facility that provides direct care or supervision of a person at risk shall develop policies and procedures that (1) establish monitoring and internal reporting of the use of physical restraint and seclusion on persons at risk, and (2) require training of all providers and assistant providers of care or supervision of persons at risk in the use of physical restraint and seclusion on persons at risk. Such training shall include, but not be limited to: Verbal defusing or deescalation; prevention strategies; types of physical restraint; the differences between life-threatening physical restraint and other varying levels of physical restraint; the differences between permissible physical restraint and pain compliance techniques; monitoring to prevent harm to a person physically restrained or in seclusion and recording and reporting procedures on the use of restraints and seclusion.
(b) Each institution or facility required to develop policies and procedures under subsection (a) of this section shall make such policies and procedures available upon request to the commissioner of the state agency that has jurisdiction or supervisory control over the institution or facility.
(P.A. 99-210, S. 5; P.A. 15-141, S. 6.)
History: P.A. 15-141 amended Subsec. (a) by deleting “, education”, effective July 1, 2015.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 46b - Family Law › Chapter 815 - Court Proceedings in Family Relations Matters › Section 46b-1a. - Pattern of frivolous and intentionally fabricated pleadings or motions in family relations matter.

In any family relations matter described in section 46b-1, if the court finds that a pattern of frivolous and intentionally fabricated pleadings or motions are filed by one party, the court shall sanction such party in an appropriate manner so as to allow such matter to proceed without undue delay or obstruction by the party filing such pleadings or motions.
(P.A. 21-78, S. 10.)
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 46b - Family Law › Chapter 815 - Court Proceedings in Family Relations Matters › Section 46b-2. (Formerly Sec. 51-331). - Family matters, both civil and criminal, placed on family docket first.

All proceedings involving a family relations matter shall be first placed on the family relations docket of the Superior Court; and except for juvenile matters which are provided for in section 46b-133, the judge before whom such proceeding is brought, may transfer such matter to the criminal or civil docket of said court if he deems that such docket is more suitable for the disposition of the case. Any case so entered or transferred to either docket shall be proceeded upon as are other cases of a like nature standing on such docket.
(P.A. 76-436, S. 89a, 681.)
History: Sec. 51-331 transferred to Sec. 46b-2 in 1979.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 46b - Family Law › Chapter 815 - Court Proceedings in Family Relations Matters › Section 46b-4. (Formerly Sec. 51-333). - Judge may retain jurisdiction until final disposition.

Any judge who hears a family relations matter may retain jurisdiction thereof until its final disposition if, in his opinion, the ends of justice require.
(1959, P.A. 531, S. 6; P.A. 78-280, S. 1, 94, 127.)
History: P.A. 78-280 deleted provision which had allowed judge holding regular session to transfer actions in family relations matters to the regular session for more speedy hearing; Sec. 51-182f temporarily renumbered as Sec. 51-333 and ultimately transferred to Sec. 46b-4 in 1979.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 46b - Family Law › Chapter 815 - Court Proceedings in Family Relations Matters › Section 46b-5. (Formerly Sec. 51-336). - Transfer of family relations matters to and from general docket.

If the Chief Court Administrator deems it necessary for the proper dispatch of business, he may direct that, for such period as he may fix, any portion of the matters claimed for a family relations docket, except appeals be entered upon the general docket of the court, or transferred from the family relations docket to the general docket, and may likewise direct that any such cases entered on or transferred to the general docket shall be transferred to the family relations docket. Any case so entered or transferred to either docket shall be proceeded with as are other cases of a like nature standing upon that docket.
(1959, P.A. 531, S. 9; 1967, P.A. 656, S. 33; 1971, P.A. 870, S. 14; P.A. 74-183, S. 280, 291; P.A. 76-436, S. 10a, 94, 681.)
History: 1967 act substituted chief court administrator for chief justice; 1971 act added Subsecs. (b) and (c) re transfer of actions; P.A. 74-183 repealed provisions added by 1971 act; P.A. 76-436 deleted reference to appeals from juvenile court and to chief judge, effective July 1, 1978; Sec. 51-182i was temporarily renumbered as Sec. 51-336 and ultimately transferred to Sec. 46b-5 in 1979.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 46b - Family Law › Chapter 815 - Court Proceedings in Family Relations Matters › Section 46b-6. (Formerly Sec. 51-337). - Investigations.

In any pending family relations matter the court or any judge may cause an investigation to be made with respect to any circumstance of the matter which may be helpful or material or relevant to a proper disposition of the case. Such investigation may include an examination of the parentage and surroundings of any child, his age, habits and history, inquiry into the home conditions, habits and character of his parents or guardians and evaluation of his mental or physical condition. In any action for dissolution of marriage, legal separation or annulment of marriage such investigation may include an examination into the age, habits and history of the parties, the causes of marital discord and the financial ability of the parties to furnish support to either spouse or any dependent child.
(1959, P.A. 531, S. 10; P.A. 73-373, S. 37; P.A. 76-436, S. 95, 681.)
History: P.A. 73-373 substituted “dissolution of marriage” for “divorce”; P.A. 76-436 substituted “pending family relations matter” for “matter pending in a family relations session”, effective July 1, 1978; Sec. 51-182j temporarily renumbered as Sec. 51-337 and ultimately transferred to Sec. 46b-6 in 1979.
Decision of a court whether to order an investigation and report is discretionary. 180 C. 533. Cited. 181 C. 622; 212 C. 63; 224 C. 776.
“Evaluation” of a physical or mental condition is not equivalent to “treatment” of such a condition. 2 CA 472. Cited. 11 CA 189; 23 CA 509; 25 CA 693. Nothing in section and Sec. 46b-3 authorizes court to order parties in a custody battle to undergo postjudgment psychiatric therapy or other counseling since those provisions apply to pending family matters and trial court improperly ordered a postjudgment psychological evaluation and postjudgment counseling. 61 CA 175. Psychological evaluation was not moot or irrelevant because there was an actual controversy re a final visitation schedule that was in best interest of the child, and the court did not abuse its discretion by ordering the evaluation released. 149 CA 314.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 46b - Family Law › Chapter 815 - Court Proceedings in Family Relations Matters › Section 46b-6a. - Court order re parent or child undergo treatment or evaluation from a qualified, licensed health care provider. Selection of qualified, licensed health care provider.

(a) In a family relations matter, as defined in section 46b-1, if a court orders that a parent undergo treatment from a qualified, licensed health care provider, the court shall permit the parent to select a qualified, licensed health care provider to provide such treatment.
(b) In a family relations matter, as defined in section 46b-1, if a court orders that a child undergo treatment from a qualified, licensed health care provider, the court shall permit the parent or legal guardian of such child to select a qualified, licensed health care provider to provide such treatment. Except in a case where a parent has been awarded sole custody, if the parents do not agree on the selection of a qualified, licensed health care provider to provide such treatment to a child, the court shall continue the matter for two weeks to allow the parents an opportunity to jointly select a qualified, licensed health care provider. If after the two-week period, the parents have not reached an agreement on the selection of a qualified, licensed health care provider, the court shall select such provider after giving due consideration to the health insurance coverage and financial resources available to such parents.
(c) (1) In a family relations matter, as defined in section 46b-1, if the parties agree or if a court orders that a parent or child undergo an evaluation from a qualified, licensed health care provider, the court shall first make a finding that the parties have the financial resources to pay for such evaluation.
(2) If the court has determined that an evaluation can be undertaken and a qualified, licensed health care provider has been selected to perform the evaluation, the court's order for an evaluation shall contain the name of each provider who is to undertake the evaluation, the estimated cost of the evaluation, each party's responsibility for the cost of the evaluation, the professional credentials of each provider and the estimated deadline by which such evaluation shall be completed and submitted to the court.
(3) Not later than thirty days after the date of completion of such evaluation, the provider shall file a report containing the results of the evaluation with the clerk of the court, who shall seal such report.
(P.A. 18-177, S. 1; P.A. 21-15, S. 110.)
History: P.A. 21-15 amended Subsec. (b) by replacing “one of the parents” with “a parent” and replacing “if both parents” with “if the parents”, effective January 1, 2022.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 46b - Family Law › Chapter 815 - Court Proceedings in Family Relations Matters › Section 46b-7. (Formerly Sec. 51-338). - Report of investigation or evaluation to be filed.

Whenever, in any family relations matter, including appeals from the Superior Court, an investigation or evaluation has been ordered, the case shall not be disposed of until the report of the investigation or evaluation has been filed as hereinafter provided, and counsel and the parties have had a reasonable opportunity to examine it prior to the time the case is to be heard. Any report of an investigation or evaluation shall be filed with the clerk and mailed to counsel and self-represented parties of record.
(1959, P.A. 531, S. 11; P.A. 76-436, S. 96, 681; P.A. 78-280, S. 96, 127; P.A. 79-431, S. 1; P.A. 14-207, S. 10; P.A. 18-177, S. 2.)
History: P.A. 76-436 deleted reference to appeals from juvenile court and made minor change in wording, effective July 1, 1978; P.A. 78-280 substituted “family relations matter” for “family relations session”; P.A. 79-431 specifically included appeals from superior court, required that parties to case have reasonable opportunity to examine report, required that report be made in quadruplicate rather than in duplicate and required that it be mailed to counsel of record; Sec. 51-182k temporarily renumbered as Sec. 51-338 and ultimately transferred to Sec. 46b-7 in 1979; P.A. 14-207 deleted provision re report of investigation to be made in quadruplicate and added provision re report to be mailed to self-represented parties; P.A. 18-177 added references to evaluation and made a conforming change.
Cited. 212 C. 63.
Cited. 25 CA 262.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 46b - Family Law › Chapter 815 - Court Proceedings in Family Relations Matters › Section 46b-8. (Formerly Sec. 51-341). - Motion for modification of support order combined with motion for contempt.

Section 46b-8 is repealed, effective October 1, 2013.
(P.A. 73-308; P.A. 13-213, S. 6.)
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 46b - Family Law › Chapter 815 - Court Proceedings in Family Relations Matters › Section 46b-9. (Formerly Sec. 51-340). - Hearing by referee in action for dissolution of marriage, legal separation or annulment.

In any action for dissolution of marriage, legal separation or annulment the court may refer the case or any matter in which the issues have been closed to a state referee who shall have been a judge of the referring court or who shall have been a judge of the Court of Common Pleas; provided the referring court shall retain jurisdiction to hear and decide any pendente lite or contempt matters until such time as the referee hears and decides the case or matter. The Chief Court Administrator, or his designee, may authorize the presiding judge to refer to such state referee any action for the dissolution of marriage, legal separation or annulment which is on the family relations uncontested assignment list. Such uncontested assignment list matters shall be heard on the date on which they are assigned to be heard on the uncontested assignment list, and if they are not heard on such date the reference shall be automatically revoked. Any hearing by such referee shall be conducted as provided in section 52-434.
(1959, P.A. 531, S. 13; P.A. 74-183, S. 285, 291; P.A. 75-261; 75-319, S. 1, 2; P.A. 78-379, S. 14, 27.)
History: P.A. 74-183 specified that referee “shall have been a judge of the referring court”; P.A. 75-261 substituted “dissolution of marriage” for “divorce”, allowed referee to have been a common pleas court judge and deleted provision specifying that referee's duty is “to hear and report to the court the facts”; P.A. 75-319 added proviso re retention of jurisdiction by referring court; P.A. 78-379 added provisions re referral and hearing of matters on uncontested assignment list; Sec. 51-182m temporarily renumbered as Sec. 51-340 and ultimately transferred to Sec. 46b-9 in 1979.
The expression in statute of an alternative method for referring dissolution actions to a referee explicitly does away with written consent as precondition to exercise of jurisdiction by referee. 181 C. 225. Cited. 186 C. 211; Id., 773.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 46b - Family Law › Chapter 815 - Court Proceedings in Family Relations Matters › Section 46b-10. (Formerly Sec. 51-339). - Attempt at reconciliation in action for dissolution of marriage, legal separation or annulment.

In any action for dissolution of marriage, legal separation or annulment, at any time before final judgment any judge may require that either or both parties appear before any judge, referee or other disinterested person for the purpose of attempting a reconciliation or adjustment of differences between the parties. Any person designated under the provisions of this section may be a family relations counselor or family relations caseworker and such person shall have all the powers provided in chapter 910. Such person shall report to the court only the fact of whether or not reconciliation can be effected and shall not divulge information given to him by the parties except with the consent of all parties.
(1959, P.A. 531, S. 12; P.A. 83-295, S. 13.)
History: Provisions originally designated as Sec. 51-182
l
were temporarily renumbered as Sec. 51-339 and ultimately transferred to Sec. 46b-10 in 1979; P.A. 83-295 replaced “divorce” with “dissolution of marriage” and “domestic relations officer or a person skilled in problems of family relations” with “family relations counselor or family relations caseworker”.
See Sec. 46b-53 re conciliation procedures.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 46b - Family Law › Chapter 815 - Court Proceedings in Family Relations Matters › Section 46b-11. (Formerly Sec. 51-335). - Closed hearings and records.

Any case which is a family relations matter may be heard in chambers or, if a jury case, in a courtroom from which the public and press have been excluded, if the judge hearing the case determines that the welfare of any children involved or the nature of the case so requires. The records and other papers in any family relations matter may be ordered by the court to be kept confidential and not to be open to inspection except upon order of the court or judge thereof for cause shown.
(1959, P.A. 531, S. 8; P.A. 76-436, S. 93, 681; P.A. 78-280, S. 95, 127.)
History: P.A. 76-436 applied provisions specifically to family relations matters, deleted references to appeals from juvenile court and added exception, effective July 1, 1978; P.A. 78-280 referred to cases which are family relations matters rather than to cases on docket of family relations sessions; Sec. 51-182h temporarily renumbered as Sec. 51-335 and ultimately transferred to Sec. 46b-11 in 1979.
See Sec. 46b-49 re private hearings.
See Sec. 46b-122 re exclusion from hearing room of persons whose presence is unnecessary in actions concerning juvenile matters.
Cited. 2 CA 132; Id., 472.
Cited. 36 CS 352. Protecting stability of leading Fortune 500 corporation's shares of stock outweighed public's and media's right to access files and hearings in divorce proceedings of high ranking executive of such corporation. 45 CS 208.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 46b - Family Law › Chapter 815 - Court Proceedings in Family Relations Matters › Section 46b-12a. - Publication concerning roles and responsibilities of counsel and guardian ad litem for a minor child in family relations matter.

The Judicial Branch shall develop a publication that informs parties to a family relations matter about the roles and responsibilities of counsel for a minor child and the guardian ad litem for a minor child when such persons are appointed by the court to serve in a family relations matter. Such publication shall contain detailed information describing the process by which a party who is indigent may apply to the court for the appointment of counsel or guardian ad litem for a minor child in a family relations matter. Such publication shall be available to the public in hard copy and be accessible electronically on the Internet web site of the Judicial Branch.
(P.A. 14-3, S. 6; 14-207, S. 15.)
History: P.A. 14-3 effective July 1, 2014; P.A. 14-207 deleted “as defined in section 46b-1 of the general statutes”, effective July 1, 2014.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 46b - Family Law › Chapter 815 - Court Proceedings in Family Relations Matters › Section 46b-12b. - Professional code of conduct applicable to counsel or guardian ad litem for a minor child in family relations matter.

Not later than October 1, 2014, the Judicial Branch shall develop and implement a professional code of conduct applicable to any counsel or guardian ad litem for a minor child appointed in a family relations matter.
(P.A. 14-3, S. 7; 14-207, S. 16.)
History: P.A. 14-3 effective May 8, 2014; P.A. 14-207 deleted “as defined in section 46b-1 of the general statutes”, effective June 13, 2014.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 46b - Family Law › Chapter 815 - Court Proceedings in Family Relations Matters › Section 46b-12c. - Motion for removal of counsel or guardian ad litem for a minor child.

Any party to an action involving the custody, care, support, education or visitation of a minor child shall have standing to file a motion that seeks removal of counsel for the minor child or a guardian ad litem for the minor child. The Judicial Branch shall establish a procedure to effectuate the hearing of such motion. Prior to hearing such motion, the court may refer the parties to the family services unit of the Judicial Branch. If the allegations set forth in the motion cannot be resolved, a hearing shall be held on the motion and a decision on the motion shall be made by the court.
(P.A. 14-3, S. 4.)
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 46b - Family Law › Chapter 815a - Orders of Protection and Relief › Section 46b-15b. - Duties of Superior Court re applicants for restraining orders in domestic violence situations.

The Superior Court shall provide any person who applies for a restraining order in a domestic violence situation with information on steps necessary to continue such order beyond the initial period and shall provide an applicant with information on how to contact a domestic violence counselor, as defined in section 52-146k, and a domestic violence agency, as defined in section 52-146k.
(P.A. 02-127, S. 2; P.A. 16-105, S. 5.)
History: P.A. 16-105 substituted “counselor, as defined in section 52-146k, and a domestic violence agency, as defined in section 52-146k” for “counselors and counseling organizations” and made a technical change.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 46b - Family Law › Chapter 815a - Orders of Protection and Relief › Section 46b-15c. - Out-of-court testimony in family relations matter when one party is subject to a protective order, restraining order or standing criminal protective order. Videoconference hearings permitted. Oaths. Cross-examination. Notice.

(a) In any court proceeding in a family relations matter, as defined in section 46b-1, the court shall, upon the written request of a party or the attorney for any party made not less than two days prior to such proceeding, order that the testimony of a party or a child who is a subject of the proceeding be taken outside the physical presence of any other party if a protective order, restraining order or standing criminal protective order has been issued on behalf of the party or child, and the other party is subject to the protective order, restraining order or standing criminal protective order. Such order may provide for the use of alternative means to obtain the testimony of any party or child, including, but not limited to, the use of a secure video connection for the purpose of conducting hearings by videoconference. Such testimony may be taken in a room other than the courtroom or at another location outside the courthouse or outside the state. The court shall provide for the administration of an oath to such party or child prior to the taking of such testimony in accordance with the rules of the Superior Court.
(b) Nothing in this section shall be construed to limit any party's right to cross-examine a witness whose testimony is taken in a room other than the courtroom pursuant to an order under this section.
(c) An order under this section may remain in effect during the pendency of the proceedings in the family relations matter.
(d) A notice describing the provisions of subsection (a) of this section shall be (1) posted on the Internet web site of the Judicial Branch, (2) included in any written or electronic form that describes the automatic orders in cases involving a dissolution of marriage or legal separation under section 46b-40, and (3) included in any written or electronic form provided to a person who receives a protective order under section 46b-38c, a standing criminal protective order under section 54a-40e or a restraining order, under section 46b-15.
(P.A. 08-67, S. 1; P.A. 10-144, S. 11; P.A. 21-78, S. 3.)
History: P.A. 08-67 effective July 1, 2008; P.A. 10-144 amended Subsec. (a) to substitute “standing criminal protective order” for “standing criminal restraining order”; P.A. 21-78 amended Subsec. (a) to require a court order on written request of a party or attorney for any party made not less than 2 days prior to such proceeding, and added Subsec. (d) re notice.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 46b - Family Law › Chapter 815a - Orders of Protection and Relief › Section 46b-15d. - Courthouse space allocation for meeting between person seeking service of hearing notice and order and proper officer.

In each Superior Court where a restraining order issued under section 46b-15 may be made returnable, the Chief Court Administrator shall, where feasible, work to allocate space in such court so as to permit a meeting between a person seeking service of the notice of hearing and any order issued under section 46b-15 and a proper officer.
(P.A. 16-34, S. 4.)
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 46b - Family Law › Chapter 815a - Orders of Protection and Relief › Section 46b-16. - Petition to Superior Court for ex parte order re temporary care and custody of child when parent arrested for custodial interference. Duration of order.

(a) When (1) a parent or relative has been arrested for violation of section 53a-97 or 53a-98 or arrested pursuant to chapter 964 for an offense of intentional interference of the lawful custody of a child under the laws of another state or territory, and (2) a child has been in the care of such parent or relative, the legal custodian of the child or the Department of Children and Families may petition the superior court or probate court which has venue over the matter for immediate temporary custody of the child.
(b) If the court finds that there is a substantial likelihood that the child will be removed from the jurisdiction of the court prior to a hearing to determine custody, an order of temporary custody may be issued ex parte by the court granting the temporary care and custody of the child to a suitable person or agency pending a hearing to determine custody pursuant to chapter 815j or 815p. Such hearing shall be held not more than five days from the issuance of the ex parte order or less than three days from the return of service, whichever is later.
(c) If the parent or relative arrested for violation of section 53a-97 or 53a-98 is in custody of the state, the state shall produce such parent or relative for the hearing to determine custody of the child pursuant to chapter 815j or 815p.
(d) The sole duty of the Department of Children and Families under this section shall be to provide care for the child during the period of custody pending determination of the custodial rights of the parents or guardians.
(P.A. 86-311, S. 2; P.A. 93-91, S. 1, 2; P.A. 03-19, S. 102.)
History: P.A. 93-91 substituted commissioner and department of children and families for commissioner and department of children and youth services, effective July 1, 1993; P.A. 03-19 made technical changes in Subsecs. (b) and (c), effective May 12, 2003.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 46b - Family Law › Chapter 815e - Marriage › Section 46b-20. - Definitions.

As used in this chapter:
(1) “Registrar” means the registrar of vital statistics;
(2) “Applicant” means applicant for a marriage license;
(3) “License” means marriage license; and
(4) “Marriage” means the legal union of two persons.
(P.A. 78-230, S. 1, 54; P.A. 09-13, S. 3.)
History: P.A. 09-13 replaced alphabetic Subdiv. designators with numeric designators and added Subdiv. (4) defining “marriage”, effective April 23, 2009.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 46b - Family Law › Chapter 815e - Marriage › Section 46b-20a. - Eligibility to marry. Issuance of license to minor who is sixteen or seventeen, when permitted.

(a) A person is eligible to marry if such person is:
(1) Not a party to another marriage, or a relationship that provides substantially the same rights, benefits and responsibilities as a marriage, entered into in this state or another state or jurisdiction, unless the parties to the marriage will be the same as the parties to such other relationship;
(2) Except as provided in subsection (b) of this section, at least eighteen years of age;
(3) Except as provided in section 46b-29, not under the supervision or control of a conservator; and
(4) Not prohibited from entering into a marriage pursuant to section 46b-21.
(b) A license may be issued to a minor who is at least sixteen years of age but under eighteen years of age with the approval of the Probate Court as provided in this subsection. A parent or guardian of a minor may, on behalf of the minor, petition the Probate Court for the district in which the minor resides seeking approval for the issuance of a license to such minor. The court shall schedule a hearing on the petition and give notice to the minor, the minor's parents or guardians and to the other party to the intended marriage. The minor and the petitioning parent or guardian shall be present at such hearing. The court may, in its discretion, require the other party to the intended marriage to be present at such hearing. After a hearing on the petition, the court may approve the issuance of a license to the minor if the court finds that: (1) The petitioning parent or guardian consents to the marriage; (2) the minor consents to the marriage and such consent is based upon an understanding of the nature and consequences of marriage; (3) the minor has sufficient capacity to make such a decision; (4) the minor's decision to marry is made voluntarily and free from coercion; and (5) the marriage would not be detrimental to the minor.
(P.A. 09-13, S. 4; P.A. 16-66, S. 21; P.A. 17-54, S. 1.)
History: P.A. 09-13 effective April 23, 2009; P.A. 16-66 amended Subdiv. (1) to delete “marriage or”; P.A. 17-54 designated existing provisions re person eligible to marry as Subsec. (a) and amended same by substituting “subsection (b) of this section” for “section 46b-30” in Subdiv. (2), and added Subsec. (b) re issuance of license to minor who is at least 16 but under 18 years of age.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 46b - Family Law › Chapter 815e - Marriage › Section 46b-21. (Formerly Sec. 46-1). - Marriage of persons related by consanguinity or affinity prohibited.

No person may marry such person's parent, grandparent, child, grandchild, sibling, parent's sibling, sibling's child, stepparent or stepchild. Any marriage within these degrees is void.
(1949 Rev., S. 7301; P.A. 78-230, S. 3, 54; P.A. 09-13, S. 6.)
History: P.A. 78-230 changed wording slightly and substituted “may” for “shall”; Sec. 46-1 transferred to Sec. 46b-21 in 1979; P.A. 09-13 made provision prohibiting a man or woman marrying person of the opposite sex related within certain degrees of consanguinity or affinity applicable regardless of sex of such other person, effective April 23, 2009.
See Sec. 53a-191 re incest.
Annotations to former section 46-1:
Does not prohibit marriage with deceased husband's brother. 12 C. 94. “Sister” includes half-sister for purpose of incest prosecution. 132 C. 165. The marriage of a niece and her uncle in Italy, though valid there and contracted without intent to evade the law of this state, held not valid in this state. 148 C. 288. Relationship of niece-in-law and uncle-in-law held not within enumerated relationships for crime of incest. 158 C. 461.
Annotations to present section:
Former section cited. 182 C. 344. Relationship as half-uncle and half-niece is void. 213 C. 637.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 46b - Family Law › Chapter 815e - Marriage › Section 46b-22b. - Refusal to solemnize or participate in ceremony solemnizing a marriage on religious grounds.

(a) No member of the clergy authorized to join persons in marriage pursuant to section 46b-22 shall be required to solemnize any marriage in violation of his or her right to the free exercise of religion guaranteed by the first amendment to the United States Constitution or section 3 of article first of the Constitution of the state.
(b) No church or qualified church-controlled organization, as defined in 26 USC 3121, shall be required to participate in a ceremony solemnizing a marriage in violation of the religious beliefs of that church or qualified church-controlled organization.
(P.A. 09-13, S. 7.)
History: P.A. 09-13 effective April 23, 2009.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 46b - Family Law › Chapter 815e - Marriage › Section 46b-23. (Formerly Sec. 46-4). - Joining persons in marriage knowingly without authority.

Any person who undertakes to join persons in marriage, knowing that he is not authorized to do so, shall be fined not more than five hundred dollars or imprisoned not more than one year or both.
(1949 Rev., S. 8595.)
History: Sec. 46-4 transferred to Sec. 46b-23 in 1979.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 46b - Family Law › Chapter 815e - Marriage › Section 46b-24. (Formerly Sec. 46-5a). - License. Period of validity. Penalty for solemnization without license. Validity of marriage ceremony.

(a) Except as provided in section 46b-28a, no persons may be joined in marriage in this state until both have complied with the provisions of this section, sections 46b-20a, 46b-25 and 46b-29 to 46b-33, inclusive, and have been issued a license by the registrar for the town in which the marriage is to be celebrated, which license shall bear the certification of the registrar that the persons named therein have complied with the provisions of said sections.
(b) Such license, when certified by the registrar, is sufficient authority for any person authorized to perform a marriage ceremony in this state to join such persons in marriage, provided the ceremony is performed within a period of not more than sixty-five days after the date of application.
(c) Anyone who joins any persons in marriage without having received such license from them shall be fined not more than one hundred dollars.
(d) Except as otherwise provided in this chapter, in order to be valid in this state, a marriage ceremony shall be conducted by and in the physical presence of a person who is authorized to solemnize marriages.
(1967, P.A. 313, S. 1; P.A. 78-230, S. 5, 54; P.A. 03-188, S. 3; P.A. 07-79, S. 6; P.A. 09-232, S. 73; P.A. 16-66, S. 29; P.A. 17-54, S. 4.)
History: P.A. 78-230 divided section into Subsecs. and made minor changes in wording and added fine provision applicable to those who marry persons without receiving license, designated as Subsec. (c); Sec. 46-5a transferred to Sec. 46b-24 in 1979 and internal section references changed as necessary to reflect those sections' transfer; P.A. 03-188 amended Subsec. (a) by authorizing a registrar for a town to issue a marriage license when either person to be married is a resident of such town, deleting reference to repealed Secs. 46b-26 and 46b-27, adding reference to Sec. 46b-25 and making technical changes, and amended Subsec. (b) by deleting provision that required marriage ceremony take place “within the town where the license was issued”; P.A. 07-79 added Subsec. (d) to require marriage ceremonies to be conducted by and in the physical presence of a person authorized to solemnize marriages; P.A. 09-232 amended Subsec. (a) by deleting former Subdiv. (2) re authority of registrar for a town to issue marriage license when either person to be married resides in such town and by making a conforming change; P.A. 16-66 amended Subsec. (a) to add “Except as provided in section 46b-28a,” and make technical changes, effective May 27, 2016; P.A. 17-54 amended Subsec. (a) to add reference to Sec. 46b-20a and make technical changes.
Former section cited and validity of marriage solemnized without marriage license discussed. 182 C. 344.