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2023 Delaware Code › Title 21 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 43. EQUIPMENT AND CONSTRUCTION OF VEHICLES › Subchapter I. Equipment Requirements › § 4306. Horns and other sound devices; unlawful use.

§ 4306. Horns and other sound devices; unlawful use.
(a) Every motor vehicle when operated upon a highway shall be equipped with a horn in good working order capable of emitting sound audible under normal conditions from a distance of not less than 200 feet.
(b) Except as otherwise provided, no vehicle shall be equipped with and no person shall use upon a vehicle any siren, exhaust, compression or spark plug whistle. The driver of a vehicle shall, when reasonably necessary to insure safe operation, give audible warning with the horn but shall not otherwise use the horn for any other purpose. No driver of any vehicle shall use a horn:
(1) To make unreasonably loud or harsh sound;
(2) When stationary; or
(3) When passing an animal-drawn vehicle or bicycle under normal conditions where no imminent danger of a collision exists.
(c) No person operating or occupying a motor vehicle on any street, highway, alley, or parking lot shall operate or permit the operation of any music amplification system, including, but not limited to, any radio, tape player, compact disc player, or any other electrical device used for the amplification of music in or on the motor vehicle so that the sound is plainly audible at a distance of 50 or more feet from the vehicle. For the purpose of this subsection, “plainly audible” means any sound which clearly can be heard by unaided hearing faculties, however, words or phrases need not be discernible and bass reverberation alone shall be sufficient to so constitute.
(d) Subsection (c) of this section shall not apply to those in a parade which has been issued a permit nor to commercially licensed vendors in the legitimate operation of their businesses.
(e) Subsection (c) of this section shall not apply to any municipality of this State with a population in excess of 50,000 which has an ordinance addressing noise violations of that type. In the event that any such municipality repeals its ordinance without substituting requirements at least as restrictive as those found in subsection (c) of this section, then the provisions of subsection (c) of this section shall take effect within that municipality.
36 Del. Laws, c. 10, §  124;  Code 1935, §  5662;  21 Del. C. 1953, §  4306;  74 Del. Laws, c. 399, §  1;  81 Del. Laws, c. 196, § 2;
2023 Delaware Code › Title 21 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 43. EQUIPMENT AND CONSTRUCTION OF VEHICLES › Subchapter I. Equipment Requirements › § 4307. Warning devices for emergency vehicles.

§ 4307. Warning devices for emergency vehicles.
(a) Every police, fire department and fire patrol vehicle and every ambulance used for emergency calls, except as provided in subsection (b) of this section, shall be equipped with a bell, siren or exhaust whistle.
(b) A vehicle used by a fire chief, deputy fire chief, assistant fire chief, or fire police officer of a duly organized fire department, which is not owned by or the property of the fire department, shall not be equipped with such warning devices.
36 Del. Laws, c. 10, §  124;  Code 1935, §  5662;  21 Del. C. 1953, §  4307;  57 Del. Laws, c. 670, §  15A;  61 Del. Laws, c. 461, §  2;  62 Del. Laws, c. 165, §  1;  70 Del. Laws, c. 186, §  1;  77 Del. Laws, c. 6, §  2;
2023 Delaware Code › Title 21 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 43. EQUIPMENT AND CONSTRUCTION OF VEHICLES › Subchapter I. Equipment Requirements › § 4308. Rearview mirror.

§ 4308. Rearview mirror.
All motor vehicles and motorcycles shall be equipped with a mirror so placed that the driver thereof may readily ascertain the presence of any vehicle traveling in the same direction and overtaking the driver's vehicle.
36 Del. Laws, c. 10, §  125;  Code 1935, §  5663;  21 Del. C. 1953, §  4308;  70 Del. Laws, c. 186, §  1;
2023 Delaware Code › Title 21 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 43. EQUIPMENT AND CONSTRUCTION OF VEHICLES › Subchapter I. Equipment Requirements › § 4309. Obstructions to view on windshield or windows.

§ 4309. Obstructions to view on windshield or windows.
(a) No person shall drive any vehicle upon a highway with any sign, poster or other nontransparent material upon the front windshield, side wings or side or rear window of such motor vehicle, other than a certificate or other paper required to be so displayed by law.
(b) No person shall drive upon a highway a vehicle with a removable windshield placard issued pursuant to § 2135 of this title or pursuant to a similar statute of any other state or country hanging from or attached to the vehicle's front windshield rearview mirror. A person may be found guilty of violating this subsection whether or not the placard is valid.
36 Del. Laws, c. 10, §  126;  Code 1935, §  5664;  21 Del. C. 1953, §  4309;  73 Del. Laws, c. 397, §  4;
2023 Delaware Code › Title 21 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 43. EQUIPMENT AND CONSTRUCTION OF VEHICLES › Subchapter I. Equipment Requirements › § 4310. Windshield wiper.

§ 4310. Windshield wiper.
Every windshield on a motor vehicle shall be equipped with a device for cleaning rain, snow or other moisture from the windshield. The device shall be so constructed as to be controlled or operated by the driver of the vehicle.
36 Del. Laws, c. 10, §  126;  Code 1935, §  5664;  21 Del. C. 1953, §  4310;
2023 Delaware Code › Title 21 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 43. EQUIPMENT AND CONSTRUCTION OF VEHICLES › Subchapter I. Equipment Requirements › § 4311. Mufflers; cutout prohibited.

§ 4311. Mufflers; cutout prohibited.
(a) No person shall drive a motor vehicle, including a motorcycle, on a highway, including residential streets, unless such motor vehicle or motorcycle is equipped with a muffler in good working order and in accordance with manufacturer's specifications and in constant operation to prevent excessive or unusual noise.
(b) No person shall use a “muffler cutout” on any motor vehicle upon a highway.
(c) It shall be unlawful to sell or offer for sale any muffler without interior baffle plates or other effective muffling devices or to sell or offer for sale any “gutted muffler,” “muffler cutout” or “straight exhaust.”
(d) The provisions of this section shall only apply if there is not a violation of § 4311A of this title.
36 Del. Laws, c. 10, §  127;  37 Del. Laws, c. 10, §  34;  Code 1935, §  5665;  21 Del. C. 1953, §  4311;  59 Del. Laws, c. 371, §  1;  61 Del. Laws, c. 478, §  1;  75 Del. Laws, c. 164, §  3;
2023 Delaware Code › Title 21 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 43. EQUIPMENT AND CONSTRUCTION OF VEHICLES › Subchapter I. Equipment Requirements › § 4311A. Muffler requirements for commercial vehicles equipped with engine compression brake devices.

§ 4311A. Muffler requirements for commercial vehicles equipped with engine compression brake devices.
(a) No person shall drive a commercial vehicle equipped with an engine compression brake device on a highway, including residential streets, unless such commercial vehicle is also equipped with a muffler in good working order and in accordance with manufacturer's specifications and in constant operation to prevent excessive noise.
(b) For the purposes of this section, “engine compression brake device” shall mean any device that uses the engine and transmission to impede the forward motion of the motor vehicle by compression of the engine.
75 Del. Laws, c. 164, §  1;
2023 Delaware Code › Title 21 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 43. EQUIPMENT AND CONSTRUCTION OF VEHICLES › Subchapter I. Equipment Requirements › § 4312. Safety glass — Equipment; definition.

§ 4312. Safety glass — Equipment; definition.
(a) No person shall operate, on any public highway or street in this State, any motor vehicle which is registered in the State and which has been manufactured or assembled on or after July 1, 1937, unless such motor vehicle and/or any trailer drawn thereby is equipped with safety glass, wherever glass is used in partitions, doors, windows or windshields.
(b) The term “safety glass” as used in this subchapter means glass so treated or combined with other materials as to reduce, in comparison with ordinary sheet glass or plate glass, the likelihood of injury to persons by objects from external sources or by glass when the glass is cracked or broken.
40 Del. Laws, c. 35, §§  1, 2;  Code 1935, §§  5714, 5715;  41 Del. Laws, c. 234, §  1;  21 Del. C. 1953, §  4312;
2023 Delaware Code › Title 21 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 43. EQUIPMENT AND CONSTRUCTION OF VEHICLES › Subchapter I. Equipment Requirements › § 4313. Safety glass — Federal safety standards applicable to windshield, front side windows and side wings; window tinting.

§ 4313. Safety glass — Federal safety standards applicable to windshield, front side windows and side wings; window tinting.
(a) No person shall operate any motor vehicle on any public highway, road or street with the front windshield, the side windows to the immediate right and left of the driver and/or side wings forward of and to the left and right of the driver that do not meet the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard 205 in effect at the time of its manufacture.
(b) Nothing in this section shall prohibit the use of any products or materials along the top edge of the windshield so long as such products or materials are transparent and do not encroach upon the AS-1 portion of the windshield as provided by FMVSS 205 and [former] FMVSS 128.
(c) No person shall operate any motor vehicle on any public highway, road or street which does not conspicuously display a certificate by the manufacturer of any “after manufacture” window tinting material which may have been installed that such window tinting material meets the requirements of FMVSS 205 in effect at the time of the vehicle's manufacture. It shall be a valid defense to any charge under this subsection if the person so charged produces in court a validated mandatory inspection notice showing that the Division of Motor Vehicles has examined the motor vehicle since the date of offense and certifies compliance with FMVSS 205.
(d) No person shall be convicted under this section if that person possesses a statement signed by a licensed practitioner of medicine and surgery or osteopathic medicine or optometry verifying that tinted windows are medically necessary for the owner or usual operator of said vehicle.
(e) This section shall not apply to anodized glass which is correctly installed in the windshield and windows of an antique motor vehicle or street rod, as such are defined in §§ 2196 and 2197 of this title or of a motor vehicle validly insured under an antique, classic or street rod designated motor vehicle insurance policy that covers the motor vehicle, pursuant to § 2118 of this title.
(f) This section shall not apply to any police K-9 unit vehicles, or any surveillance vehicles operated by a “police officer,” as defined under § 8401 of Title 11. This exception shall not apply to marked vehicles, except for police K-9 unit vehicles, or those unmarked vehicles used primarily for regular duty patrols.
40 Del. Laws, c. 35, §  4;  Code 1935, §  5717;  46 Del. Laws, c. 63;  21 Del. C. 1953, §  4313;  57 Del. Laws, c. 670, §  15B;  64 Del. Laws, c. 33, §  1;  67 Del. Laws, c. 227, §  1;  68 Del. Laws, c. 210, §  1;  70 Del. Laws, c. 357, §  1;  71 Del. Laws, c. 396, §  1;  74 Del. Laws, c. 393, §  1;  79 Del. Laws, c. 230, §  1;  83 Del. Laws, c. 83, § 2;
2023 Delaware Code › Title 21 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 43. EQUIPMENT AND CONSTRUCTION OF VEHICLES › Subchapter I. Equipment Requirements › § 4313A. Commercial window tinting.

§ 4313A. Commercial window tinting.
(a) No person who installs window tinting material in motor vehicles as part of a commercial activity shall do so in violation of the requirements of § 4313 of this title.
(b) Whoever violates subsection (a) of this section shall be fined not less than $100 nor more than $500. If any fee was charged for such installation, the violator shall pay restitution to the owner of the vehicle in the amount of the fee charged for installing the illegal window tinting.
74 Del. Laws, c. 39, §  1;
2023 Delaware Code › Title 21 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 43. EQUIPMENT AND CONSTRUCTION OF VEHICLES › Subchapter I. Equipment Requirements › § 4314. Lights and reflectors; change of original design or performance of vehicle.

§ 4314. Lights and reflectors; change of original design or performance of vehicle.
A person may not use on any motor vehicle or trailer any light, lamp or reflector that tends to change the original design or performance of the motor vehicle or trailer, unless the light, lamp or reflector is of a type that has been approved by the Department and is mounted, adjusted and aimed in accordance with regulations adopted by the Secretary. Such regulations shall not violate the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards.
66 Del. Laws, c. 109, §  1;
2023 Delaware Code › Title 21 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 43. EQUIPMENT AND CONSTRUCTION OF VEHICLES › Subchapter I. Equipment Requirements › § 4315. Penalties for §§ 4301-4316.

§ 4315. Penalties for §§ 4301-4316.
(a) Whoever violates §§ 4301-4305 of this title shall for the first offense be fined not less than $25 nor more than $115. For each subsequent like offense, the person shall be fined not less than $57.50 nor more than $230, or imprisoned not less than 10 nor more than 30 days, or both.
(b) Whoever violates §§ 4306-4311 of this title, except for § 4306(c) of this title, shall for the first offense be fined not less than $10 nor more than $28.75. For each subsequent like offense, the person shall be fined not less than $28.75 nor more than $100. Whoever violates § 4306(c) of this title shall be subject to a fine of at least $50 and not to exceed $250. For each subsequent offense such person shall be subject to a fine of at least $125 and not to exceed $500.
(c) Whoever violates § 4311A of this title shall be fined $500.
(d) Whoever being the operator, owner or custodian of any motor vehicle which is operated in violation of §§ 4312-4316 of this title shall be fined not less than $28.75 nor more than $100.
(e) In case of any violation of §§ 4301-4316 of this title by any common carrier or person operating under a permit or certificate issued by any public authority, in addition to the penalties prescribed in this section, such permit or certificate shall be revoked or, in the discretion of the issuing authority suspended until such sections are satisfactorily complied with.
(f) A violation of § 4303(c) of this title shall also constitute a moving violation which shall be part of the person's driving record.
(g) In cases where no collision has occurred, violation of § 4306, § 4308, or § 4313 of this title may be dismissed before trial if the defendant establishes that repairs have been made so that the vehicle is in compliance.
36 Del. Laws, c. 10, §§  141, 142;  37 Del. Laws, c. 10, §  34;  38 Del. Laws, c. 30;  40 Del. Laws, c. 35, §  6;  40 Del. Laws, c. 37, §  1;  Code 1935, §§  5679, 5680, 5719;  45 Del. Laws, c. 292, §  2;  46 Del. Laws, c. 61;  21 Del. C. 1953, §  4315;  65 Del. Laws, c. 503, §  22;  68 Del. Laws, c. 9, §§  41-43;  70 Del. Laws, c. 186, §  1;  74 Del. Laws, c. 399, §§  2, 3;  75 Del. Laws, c. 164, §  2;  80 Del. Laws, c. 277, § 1;  83 Del. Laws, c. 204, § 1;
2023 Delaware Code › Title 21 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 43. EQUIPMENT AND CONSTRUCTION OF VEHICLES › Subchapter I. Equipment Requirements › § 4316. Directional signal lights.

§ 4316. Directional signal lights.
All new vehicles licensed in this State must be equipped with directional signal lights.
21 Del. C. 1953, §  4316;  49 Del. Laws, c. 96, §  1;
2023 Delaware Code › Title 21 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 43. EQUIPMENT AND CONSTRUCTION OF VEHICLES › Subchapter I. Equipment Requirements › § 4317. Protectors or flaps behind rear wheels of vehicles.

§ 4317. Protectors or flaps behind rear wheels of vehicles.
(a) No person shall operate, cause or permit to be operated any bus or commercial motor vehicle having a gross weight of 8,000 pounds or more, including semitrailers and trailers, upon the highways of this State unless it is equipped with suitable metal protectors or substantial flexible flaps behind the rearmost wheels of the vehicle or combination to prevent the projection of rocks, dirt, water or other substances to the rear and to minimize side spray.
(b) The flap, shield or other device shall extend down from the vehicle's body to not more than 8 inches above the road surface, but not more than 15 inches when the vehicle is in an unloaded condition. The protector or flap shall extend laterally at least the width of the tire being protected.
(c) If any bus or commercial motor vehicle, including semitrailers and trailers, is so designed or constructed that the objectives in subsection (a) of this section are accomplished by reason of fender or body construction or other means of enclosure, either permanent or temporary, then the requirements of this section have been satisfied.
(d) This section shall not apply to any farm tractor or to uncoupled truck tractors or other vehicles where the construction is such that complete freedom around the wheel area is necessary to secure the designed use of the vehicle.
(e) The Director of the Division of Motor Vehicles shall set and adopt such regulations as are necessary to implement this section.
(f) Whoever violates this section shall for the first offense be fined not less than $10 nor more than $28.75. For each subsequent like offense, the person shall be fined not less than $28.75 nor more than $100.
21 Del. C. 1953, §  4359;  57 Del. Laws, c. 684;  58 Del. Laws, c. 410;  65 Del. Laws, c. 503, §  23;  68 Del. Laws, c. 9, §  44;  70 Del. Laws, c. 186, §  1;
2023 Delaware Code › Title 21 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 43. EQUIPMENT AND CONSTRUCTION OF VEHICLES › Subchapter I. Equipment Requirements › § 4318. Bumper, frame rail, and body heights.

§ 4318. Bumper, frame rail, and body heights.
(a) No passenger vehicle or station wagon that is required to be registered under Chapter 21 of this title shall be registered or operated upon any highway of the State if the bumper height of such vehicle exceeds 22 inches from the ground to the bottom of the bumper, or if the vehicle frame rail is higher than the attached bumper, or if the maximum distance between the vehicle body and vehicle frame rail exceeds 3 inches.
(b) Vehicles not included in subsection (a) of this section that are required to be registered under Chapter 21 of this title shall not be registered or operated upon any highway of the State if the bumper height of such vehicle exceeds 30 inches from the ground to the bottom of the bumper, or if the vehicle frame rail is higher than the attached bumper, or if the maximum distance between the vehicle body and vehicle frame rail exceeds 3 inches.
(c) The following vehicles are exempt from this section:
antique motor vehicles registered under § 2196 of this title; authorized emergency vehicles; motor vehicles with a gross vehicle weight rating of 10,000 pounds or greater; and vehicles registered with farm truck plates (FT tags), as defined in § 2113(1) of this title.
(d) Any person found guilty of operating a motor vehicle in violation of this section shall, for the first offense, be fined not less than $50 nor more than $115 For each subsequent like offense within one year, such person shall be fined not less than $100 nor more than $230. Measurements made with an over-the-counter measuring device shall be prima facie evidence of a violation.
62 Del. Laws, c. 147, §  1;  68 Del. Laws, c. 9, §  45;  70 Del. Laws, c. 85, §  1;  70 Del. Laws, c. 186, §  1;
2023 Delaware Code › Title 21 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 43. EQUIPMENT AND CONSTRUCTION OF VEHICLES › Subchapter I. Equipment Requirements › § 4319. Mandatory reverse warning — Commercial vehicle.

§ 4319. Mandatory reverse warning — Commercial vehicle.
(a) Except as to farm vehicles, all commercial vehicles registered in the State with a gross weight rating of 26,001 pounds or more shall be equipped with:
(1) An audible reverse warning signal, so as to adequately place an individual within 50 feet of such vehicle on notice that such commercial vehicle intends to and/or is in the process of moving backwards in a reverse gear;
(2) A backup camera visible in the cab of the vehicle; or
(3) An audible warning device that will alert the driver when the vehicle is approaching an object.
(b) This section shall only apply to commercial vehicles that are titled on or after January 1, 2014.
(c) Whomever violates this section shall be subject to a civil penalty of $75. For each subsequent offense within 2 years of a prior offense, the person shall be subject to a civil penalty of $175.
79 Del. Laws, c. 179, §  1;
2023 Delaware Code › Title 21 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 43. EQUIPMENT AND CONSTRUCTION OF VEHICLES › Subchapter II. Lights › § 4331. When lighted lamps are required.

§ 4331. When lighted lamps are required.
(a) Every vehicle upon a highway within this State at any time from sunset to sunrise, or during fog, smoke, rain or when windshield wipers are in use because of weather conditions or at any other time when, due to insufficient light or unfavorable atmospheric conditions, persons and vehicles on the highway are not clearly discernible at a distance of 1,000 feet ahead shall display lighted lamps and illuminating devices, exclusive of parking lamps, as hereinafter respectively required for different classes of vehicles, subject to exceptions with respect to parked vehicles.
(b) The portion of subsection (a) of this section criminalizing the failure to display lighted lamps and illuminating devices when windshield wipers are in use because of weather conditions shall constitute a secondary offense in that no person shall be stopped by a police officer for that failure alone.
36 Del. Laws, c. 10, §§  128, 130;  Code 1935, §§  5666, 5668;  21 Del. C. 1953, §  4331;  50 Del. Laws, c. 292, §  1;  59 Del. Laws, c. 504, §  1;  69 Del. Laws, c. 417, §§  1-3;
2023 Delaware Code › Title 21 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 43. EQUIPMENT AND CONSTRUCTION OF VEHICLES › Subchapter II. Lights › § 4332. Visibility distance and mounted height of lamps.

§ 4332. Visibility distance and mounted height of lamps.
(a) Whenever requirement is hereinafter declared as to distance from which certain lamps and devices shall render objects visible or within which such lamps or devices shall be visible, said provisions shall apply during the times stated in § 4331 of this title in respect to a vehicle without load when upon a straight, level, unlighted highway under normal atmospheric conditions unless a different time or condition is expressly stated.
(b) Whenever requirement is hereinafter declared as to the mounted height of lamps or devices it shall mean from the center of such lamp or device to the level ground upon which the vehicle stands when such vehicle is without a load.
36 Del. Laws, c. 10, §§  128, 130;  Code 1935, §§  5666, 5668;  21 Del. C. 1953, §  4332;  50 Del. Laws, c. 292, §  1;
2023 Delaware Code › Title 21 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 43. EQUIPMENT AND CONSTRUCTION OF VEHICLES › Subchapter II. Lights › § 4333. Head lamps on motor vehicles.

§ 4333. Head lamps on motor vehicles.
(a) Every motor vehicle, trailer, semitrailer and pole motor-driven cycle shall be equipped with at least 2 head lamps with at least 1 on each side of the front of the motor vehicle, which head lamps shall comply with the requirements and limitations set forth in this chapter.
(b) Every motorcycle and every motor-driven cycle shall be equipped with at least 1 and not more than 2 head lamps which shall comply with the requirements and limitations of this chapter.
(c) Every head lamp upon every motor vehicle, including every motorcycle and motor-driven cycle, shall be located at a height measured from the center of the head lamp of not more than 54 inches nor less than 24 inches, to be measured as set forth in § 4332(b) of this title.
36 Del. Laws, c. 10, §§  128, 130;  Code 1935, §§  5666, 5668;  21 Del. C. 1953, §  4333;  50 Del. Laws, c. 292, §  1;  51 Del. Laws, c. 235.;
2023 Delaware Code › Title 21 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 43. EQUIPMENT AND CONSTRUCTION OF VEHICLES › Subchapter II. Lights › § 4334. Tail lamps.

§ 4334. Tail lamps.
(a) Every motor vehicle, trailer, semitrailer and pole trailer and any other vehicle which is being drawn at the end of a train of vehicles shall be equipped with at least 1 tail lamp, mounted on the rear, which, when lighted as hereinbefore required, shall emit a red light plainly visible from a distance of 500 feet to the rear, provided, that, in the case of a train of vehicles only the tail lamp on the rearmost vehicle need actually be seen from the distance specified. Provided, however, that every such above mentioned vehicle, other than a truck tractor, registered in this State and manufactured or assembled after July 1, 1956, shall be equipped with at least 2 tail lamps mounted on the rear, which, when lighted as herein required, shall comply with this section.
(b) Every tail lamp upon every vehicle shall be located at a height of not more than 72 inches nor less than 20 inches.
(c) Either a tail lamp or a separate lamp shall be so constructed and placed as to illuminate with a white light the rear registration plate and render it clearly legible from a distance of 50 feet to the rear. Any tail lamp or tail lamps, together with any separate lamp for illuminating the rear registration plate, shall be so wired as to be lighted whenever the head lamps or auxiliary driving lamps are lighted.
36 Del. Laws, c. 10, §  128;  Code 1935, §  5666;  21 Del. C. 1953, §  4334;  50 Del. Laws, c. 292, §  1;
2023 Delaware Code › Title 21 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 43. EQUIPMENT AND CONSTRUCTION OF VEHICLES › Subchapter II. Lights › § 4335. New vehicles to be equipped with reflectors.

§ 4335. New vehicles to be equipped with reflectors.
(a) Every new motor vehicle hereafter sold and operated upon a highway, other than a truck tractor, shall carry on the rear, either as a part of the tail lamps or separately, 2 red reflectors, except that every motorcycle and every motor-driven cycle shall carry at least 1 reflector meeting the requirements of this section, and except that vehicles of the type mentioned in § 4338 of this title shall be equipped with reflectors as required in those sections applicable thereto.
(b) Every such reflector shall be mounted on the vehicle at a height not less than 20 inches nor more than 60 inches measured as set forth in § 4332(b) of this title, and shall be of such size and characteristics and so mounted as to be visible at night from all distances within 350 feet to 100 feet from such vehicle when directly in front of lawful upper beams of head lamps, except that visibility from a greater distance is hereinafter required of reflectors on certain types of vehicles.
21 Del. C. 1953, §  4335;  50 Del. Laws, c. 292, §  1;
2023 Delaware Code › Title 21 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 43. EQUIPMENT AND CONSTRUCTION OF VEHICLES › Subchapter II. Lights › § 4336. Stop lamps and turn signals required on new motor vehicles.

§ 4336. Stop lamps and turn signals required on new motor vehicles.
It shall be unlawful for any person to sell any new motor vehicle, including any motorcycle or motor-driven cycle, in this State, or for any person to drive such vehicle on the highways, unless equipped with at least 1 stop lamp meeting the requirements of § 4347 of this title.
21 Del. C. 1953, §  4336;  50 Del. Laws, c. 292, §  1;
2023 Delaware Code › Title 21 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 43. EQUIPMENT AND CONSTRUCTION OF VEHICLES › Subchapter II. Lights › § 4337. Application of succeeding sections.

§ 4337. Application of succeeding sections.
Those sections of this chapter which follow immediately, including §§ 4338-4342 of this title, relating to clearance and marker lamps, reflectors and stoplights, shall apply as stated in said sections to vehicles of the type therein enumerated, namely passenger buses, trucks, truck tractors and certain trailers, semitrailers and pole trailers, respectively, when operated upon any highway, and such vehicles shall be equipped as required and all lamp equipment required shall be lighted at times mentioned in § 4331 of this title, except that clearance and side marker lamps need not be lighted on any said vehicle when operated within any municipality where there is sufficient light to render clearly discernible persons and vehicles on the highway at a distance of 500 feet.
21 Del. C. 1953, §  4337;  50 Del. Laws, c. 292, §  1;
2023 Delaware Code › Title 21 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 43. EQUIPMENT AND CONSTRUCTION OF VEHICLES › Subchapter II. Lights › § 4338. Additional equipment required on certain vehicles.

§ 4338. Additional equipment required on certain vehicles.
In addition to other equipment required in this chapter, the following vehicles shall be equipped as herein stated under the conditions stated in § 4337 of this title:
(1) On every bus or truck, whatever its size, there shall be the following:
On the rear, 2 reflectors, 1 at each side, and 1 stoplight;
(2) On every bus or truck 80 inches or more in overall width, in addition to the requirements in paragraph (1) of this section:
On the front, 2 clearance lamps, 1 at each side; on the rear, 2 clearance lamps, 1 at each side; on the side, 2 side marker lamps, 1 at or near the front and 1 at or near the rear; on each side, 2 reflectors, 1 at or near the front and 1 at or near the rear;
(3) On every truck tractor:
On the front, 2 clearance lamps, 1 at each side; on the rear, 1 stoplight;
(4) On every trailer or semitrailer having a gross weight in excess of 3,000 pounds:
On the front, 2 clearance lamps, 1 at each side; on each side, 2 side marker lamps, 1 at or near the front and 1 at or near the rear; on each side, 2 reflectors, 1 at or near the front and 1 at or near the rear; on the rear, 2 clearance lamps, 1 at each side; also 2 reflectors, 1 at each side and 1 stoplight;
(5) On every pole trailer in excess of 3,000 pounds gross weight:
On each side, 1 side marker lamp and 1 clearance lamp which may be in combination to show to the front, side and rear; on the rear of the pole trailer or load, 2 reflectors, 1 at each side;
(6) On every trailer, semitrailer or pole trailer weighing 3,000 pounds gross or less:
On the rear, 2 reflectors, 1 on each side. If any trailer or semitrailer is so loaded or is of such dimensions as to obscure the stoplight on the towing vehicle, then such vehicle shall also be equipped with 1 stoplight.
21 Del. C. 1953, §  4338;  49 Del. Laws, c. 220, §  25;  50 Del. Laws, c. 292, §  1;
2023 Delaware Code › Title 21 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 43. EQUIPMENT AND CONSTRUCTION OF VEHICLES › Subchapter II. Lights › § 4339. Color of clearance lamps, side marker lamps, backup lamps and reflectors.

§ 4339. Color of clearance lamps, side marker lamps, backup lamps and reflectors.
(a) Front clearance lamps and those marker lamps and reflectors mounted on the front or on the side near the front of a vehicle shall display and reflect an amber color.
(b) Rear clearance lamps and those marker lamps and reflectors mounted on the rear or on the sides near the rear of a vehicle shall display and reflect a red color.
(c) All lighting devices and reflectors mounted on the rear of any vehicle shall display or reflect a red color, except the stoplight or other signal device, which may be red, amber or yellow, and except that the light illuminating the license plate shall be white and the light emitted by a backup lamp shall be white or amber.
21 Del. C. 1953, §  4339;  50 Del. Laws, c. 292, §  1;  77 Del. Laws, c. 263, §§  1, 2;
2023 Delaware Code › Title 21 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 43. EQUIPMENT AND CONSTRUCTION OF VEHICLES › Subchapter II. Lights › § 4340. Mounting of reflectors, clearance lamps and side marker lamps.

§ 4340. Mounting of reflectors, clearance lamps and side marker lamps.
(a) Reflectors, when required by § 4338 of this title, shall be mounted at a height not less than 24 inches and not higher than 60 inches above the ground on which the vehicle stands, except that if the highest part of the permanent structure of the vehicle is less than 24 inches, the reflector at such point shall be mounted as high as that part of the permanent structure will permit.
The rear reflectors on a pole trailer may be mounted on each side of the bolster or load.
Any required red reflector on the rear of a vehicle may be incorporated with the tail lamp, but such reflector shall meet all the other reflector requirements of this chapter.
(b) Clearance lamps shall be mounted on the permanent structure of the vehicle in such a manner as to indicate its extreme width and as near the top thereof as practicable. Clearance lamps and side marker lamps may be mounted in combination provided illumination is given as required herein with reference to both.
21 Del. C. 1953, §  4340;  50 Del. Laws, c. 292, §  1;
2023 Delaware Code › Title 21 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 43. EQUIPMENT AND CONSTRUCTION OF VEHICLES › Subchapter II. Lights › § 4341. Visibility of reflectors, clearance lamps and marker lamps.

§ 4341. Visibility of reflectors, clearance lamps and marker lamps.
(a) Every reflector upon any vehicle referred to in § 4338 of this title shall be of such size and characteristics and so maintained as to be readily visible at nighttime from all distances within 600 feet to 100 feet from the vehicle when directly in front of lawful upper beams of head lamps. Reflectors required to be mounted on the sides of the vehicle shall reflect the required color of light to the sides, and those mounted on the rear shall reflect a red color to the rear.
(b) Front and rear clearance lamps shall be capable of being seen and distinguished under normal atmospheric conditions at the times lights are required at a distance of 500 feet from the front and rear, respectively, of the vehicle.
(c) Side marker lamps shall be capable of being seen and distinguished under normal atmospheric conditions at the time lights are required at a distance of 500 feet from the side of the vehicle on which mounted.
21 Del. C. 1953, §  4341;  50 Del. Laws, c. 292, §  1;
2023 Delaware Code › Title 21 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 43. EQUIPMENT AND CONSTRUCTION OF VEHICLES › Subchapter II. Lights › § 4342. Obstructed lights not required.

§ 4342. Obstructed lights not required.
Whenever motor and other vehicles are operated in combination during the time that lights are required, any lamp (except tail lamps) need not be lighted which, by reason of its location on a vehicle of the combination, would be obscured by another vehicle of the combination, but this shall not affect the requirement that lighted clearance lamps be displayed on the front of the foremost vehicle required to have clearance lamps, nor that all lights required on the rear of the rearmost vehicle of any combination shall be lighted.
21 Del. C. 1953, §  4342;  50 Del. Laws, c. 292, §  1;
2023 Delaware Code › Title 21 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 43. EQUIPMENT AND CONSTRUCTION OF VEHICLES › Subchapter II. Lights › § 4343. Lamp or flag on projecting load.

§ 4343. Lamp or flag on projecting load.
(a) Whenever the load upon any vehicle extends to the rear 4 feet or more beyond the bed or body of such vehicle there shall be displayed at the extreme rear end of the load, at the time specified in § 4331 of this title, a red light or lantern plainly visible from a distance of at least 500 feet to the sides and rear. The red light or lantern required under this section shall be, in addition to the red rear light required upon every vehicle. At any other time there shall be displayed at the extreme rear end of such load a red flag or cloth not less than 12 inches square and so hung that the entire area is visible to the driver of a vehicle approaching from the rear.
(b) This section does not apply to:
(1) Any vehicle carrying wooden prefabricated roof trusses in an inverted position, if the trusses do not extend more than 10 feet beyond the rear of the bed or body of the vehicle;
(2) A combination of vehicles carrying an indivisible load if the load is not over 70 feet long, and the load is being transported during daylight hours; or
(3) Any vehicle or combination of vehicles carrying:
a. Piling, poles or mill logs;
b. Nursery stock; or
c. Crew or racing shells.
(c) Subject to the maximum length limits of this section, the load on any vehicle operated alone or the load on the front vehicle of a combination of vehicles:
(1) Except as provided in paragraph (c)(2) of this section, may not extend more than 3 feet beyond the foremost part of the vehicle; and
(2) May extend more than 3 feet beyond the foremost part of a vehicle equipped with front-end loading attachments and containers used in collecting garbage, rubbish, refuse or recyclable materials when the vehicle is actively engaged in collecting garbage, rubbish, refuse or recyclable materials.
21 Del. C. 1953, §  4343;  50 Del. Laws, c. 292, §  1;  71 Del. Laws, c. 249, §§  1, 2;
2023 Delaware Code › Title 21 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 43. EQUIPMENT AND CONSTRUCTION OF VEHICLES › Subchapter II. Lights › § 4344. Lamps on parked vehicles.

§ 4344. Lamps on parked vehicles.
(a) Every vehicle, except motorcycles, shall be equipped with at least 1 lamp which, when lighted, shall display a white or amber light visible from a distance of 500 feet to the front of the vehicle, and a red light visible from a distance of 500 feet to the rear of the vehicle. The lamp shall be situated so that 1 such lamp, or combination of lamps meeting the requirements of this section, is installed as near as practicable to the side of the vehicle which is closest to passing traffic.
(b) Whenever a vehicle (whether attended or unattended) is parked or stopped upon a street or highway, at a time when there is insufficient light to reveal any person or object within a distance of 500 feet upon the highway, such vehicle shall be equipped with and shall display lamps meeting the requirements of subsection (a) of this section, but it shall not be necessary to display the lamps upon a vehicle which is lawfully parked upon a portion of a roadway which is ordinarily or customarily used for parking vehicles.
(c) Any lighted head lamps upon a parked vehicle shall be depressed or dimmed.
36 Del. Laws, c. 10, §§  134, 141;  37 Del. Laws, c. 10, §  34;  Code 1935, §§  5672, 5679;  45 Del. Laws, c. 292, §  2;  21 Del. C. 1953, §  4344;  50 Del. Laws, c. 292, §  1;  60 Del. Laws, c. 384, §  1;
2023 Delaware Code › Title 21 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 43. EQUIPMENT AND CONSTRUCTION OF VEHICLES › Subchapter II. Lights › § 4345. Lamps on other vehicles and equipment.

§ 4345. Lamps on other vehicles and equipment.
Every vehicle, including animal-drawn vehicles and vehicles referred to in § 4355(c) of this title, not specifically required by this subchapter to be equipped with lamps or other lighting devices, shall at all times specified in § 4331 of this title be equipped with at least 1 lamp displaying a white light visible from a distance of not less than 500 feet to the front of said vehicle and shall also be equipped with 2 lamps displaying red light visible from a distance of not less than 500 feet to the rear of said vehicle, or as an alternative, 1 lamp displaying a red light visible from a distance of not less than 500 feet to the rear and 2 red reflectors visible for distances of 100 to 600 feet to the rear when illuminated by the upper beams of head lamps.
21 Del. C. 1953, §  4345;  50 Del. Laws, c. 292, §  1;
2023 Delaware Code › Title 21 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 43. EQUIPMENT AND CONSTRUCTION OF VEHICLES › Subchapter II. Lights › § 4346. Spot lamps and auxiliary lamps.

§ 4346. Spot lamps and auxiliary lamps.
(a) Spot lamps. — Any motor vehicle may be equipped with not to exceed 2 spot lamps, and every lighted spot lamp shall be so aimed and used upon approaching another vehicle that no part of the high intensity portion of the beam will be directed to the left of the prolongation of the extreme left side of the vehicle nor more than 100 feet ahead of the vehicle.
(b) Fog lamps. — Any motor vehicle may be equipped with not to exceed 2 fog lamps mounted on the front at a height not less than 12 inches nor more than 30 inches above the level surface upon which the vehicle stands and so aimed that when the vehicle is not loaded none of the high intensity portion of the light to the left of the center of the vehicle shall at a distance of 25 feet ahead project higher than a level of 4 inches below the level of the center of the lamp from which it comes. Lighted fog lamps meeting the above requirements may be used with lower head lamp beams as specified in § 4349 of this title.
(c) Auxiliary passing lamp. — Any motor vehicle may be equipped with not to exceed 1 auxiliary passing lamp mounted on the front at a height not less than 24 inches nor more than 42 inches above the level surface upon which the vehicle stands. Section 4349 of this title shall apply to any combination of head lamps and auxiliary passing lamps.
(d) Auxiliary driving lamp. — Any motor vehicle may be equipped with not to exceed 1 auxiliary driving lamp mounted on the front at a height not less than 16 inches nor more than 42 inches above the level surface upon which the vehicle stands. Section 4349 of this title shall apply to any combination of head lamps and auxiliary driving lamps.
21 Del. C. 1953, §  4346;  50 Del. Laws, c. 292, §  1;
2023 Delaware Code › Title 21 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 43. EQUIPMENT AND CONSTRUCTION OF VEHICLES › Subchapter II. Lights › § 4346A. LED ground effect lighting equipment on motorcycles.

§ 4346A. LED ground effect lighting equipment on motorcycles.
(a) For the purposes of this section, “LED ground effect lighting equipment” means light emitting diode (LED) technology that is attached to the underbody of a motorcycle for the purpose of illuminating:
(1) The body of the motorcycle; or
(2) The ground below the motorcycle.
(b) A person may operate a motorcycle equipped with LED ground effect lighting that emits a nonflashing amber or white light.
81 Del. Laws, c. 5, § 1;
2023 Delaware Code › Title 21 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 43. EQUIPMENT AND CONSTRUCTION OF VEHICLES › Subchapter II. Lights › § 4347. Signal lamps and signal devices.

§ 4347. Signal lamps and signal devices.
(a) Any motor vehicle may be equipped and when required under this chapter shall be equipped with a stop lamp or lamps on the rear of the vehicle which shall display a red or amber light, or any shade of color between red and amber, visible from a distance of not less than 100 feet to the rear in normal sunlight, and which shall be actuated upon application of the service (foot) brake and be incorporated with 1 or more other rear lamps.
(b) Any motor vehicle may be equipped and when required under this chapter shall be equipped with lamps or mechanical signal devices showing to the front and rear for the purpose of indicating an intention to turn either to the right or left. When lamps are used for such purpose, the lamps showing to the front shall be located on the same level and as widely spaced laterally as practicable and when in use shall display a white or amber light, or any shade of color between white and amber, visible from a distance of not less than 100 feet to the front in normal sunlight, and the lamps showing to the rear shall be located at the same level and as widely spaced laterally as practicable and when in use shall display a red or amber light, or any shade of color between red and amber, visible from a distance of not less than 100 feet to the rear in normal sunlight. When actuated such lamps shall indicate the intended direction of turning by flashing the lights showing to the front and rear on the side toward which the turn is made. Where mechanical signal devices are used for such purpose, said devices shall be self-illuminated when in use at the times mentioned in § 4331 of this title.
(c) No stop lamp or signal lamp or device shall project a glaring light.
21 Del. C. 1953, §  4347;  50 Del. Laws, c. 292, §  1;
2023 Delaware Code › Title 21 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 43. EQUIPMENT AND CONSTRUCTION OF VEHICLES › Subchapter II. Lights › § 4349. Multiple beam road lighting equipment.

§ 4349. Multiple beam road lighting equipment.
Except as hereinafter provided, the head lamps or the auxiliary driving lamp or the auxiliary passing lamp or combination thereof on motor vehicles other than motorcycles or motor-driven cycles shall be so arranged that the driver may select at will between distributions of light projected to different elevations and such lamps may, in addition, be so arranged that such selection can be made automatically, subject to the following limitations:
(1) There shall be an uppermost distribution of light or composite beam so aimed and of such intensity as to reveal persons and vehicles at a distance of at least 350 feet ahead for all conditions of loading;
(2) There shall be a lowermost distribution of light or composite beam so aimed and of sufficient intensity to reveal persons and vehicles at a distance of at least 100 feet ahead; and on a straight level road under any condition of loading none of the high intensity portion of the beam shall be directed to strike the eyes of an approaching driver;
(3) Every new motor vehicle, other than a motorcycle or motor-driven cycle, registered in this State after January 1, 1956, which has multiple beam road lighting equipment shall be equipped with a beam indicator, which shall be lighted whenever the uppermost distribution of light from the head lamps is in use and shall not otherwise be lighted. The indicator shall be so designed and located that when lighted it will be readily visible without glare to the driver of the vehicle so equipped.
21 Del. C. 1953, §  4349;  50 Del. Laws, c. 292, §  1;
2023 Delaware Code › Title 21 - Motor Vehicles › Chapter 43. EQUIPMENT AND CONSTRUCTION OF VEHICLES › Subchapter II. Lights › § 4350. Use of multiple beam road lighting equipment.

§ 4350. Use of multiple beam road lighting equipment.
Whenever a motor vehicle is being operated on a roadway or shoulder adjacent thereto during the times specified in § 4331 of this title, the driver shall use a distribution of light or composite beam directed high enough and of sufficient intensity to reveal persons and vehicles at a safe distance in advance of the vehicle, subject to the following requirements and limitations:
(1) Whenever a driver of a vehicle approaches an oncoming vehicle within 500 feet, such driver shall use a distribution of light or composite beam so aimed that the glaring rays are not projected into the eyes of the oncoming driver. The lowermost distribution of light or composite beam specified in § 4349(2) of this title shall be deemed to avoid glare at all times, regardless of road contour and loading;
(2) Whenever the driver of a vehicle follows another vehicle within 200 feet to the rear, except when engaged in the act of overtaking and passing, such driver shall use a distribution of light permissible under this chapter other than the uppermost distribution of light specified in § 4349(1) of this title.
21 Del. C. 1953, §  4350;  50 Del. Laws, c. 292, §  1;