reglab/statecodes huggingface dataset:
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 3 - Driving, Overtaking, and Passing › ARTICLE 1 - Driving on Right Side › Section 21663.

21663. Except as expressly permitted pursuant to this code, including Sections 21100.4 and 21114.5, no person shall operate or move a motor vehicle upon a sidewalk except as may be necessary to enter or leave adjacent property.
(Amended by Stats. 1996, Ch. 124, Sec. 126. Effective January 1, 1997.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 3 - Driving, Overtaking, and Passing › ARTICLE 1 - Driving on Right Side › Section 21664.

21664. It is unlawful for the driver of any vehicle to enter or exit any freeway which has full control of access and no crossings at grade, except upon a designated on ramp with respect to entering the freeway or a designated off ramp with respect to exiting the freeway.
(Amended by Stats. 1988, Ch. 765, Sec. 2.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 3 - Driving, Overtaking, and Passing › ARTICLE 2 - Additional Driving Rules › Section 21700.

21700. No person shall drive a vehicle when it is so loaded, or when there are in the front seat such number of persons as to obstruct the view of the driver to the front or sides of the vehicle or as to interfere with the driver’s control over the driving mechanism of the vehicle.
(Amended by Stats. 1965, Ch. 1500.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 3 - Driving, Overtaking, and Passing › ARTICLE 2 - Additional Driving Rules › Section 21700.5.

21700.5. No person shall knowingly drive a bus within the City of San Diego which is transporting any public or private school pupil who is enrolled in kindergarten or any of grades 1 to 12, inclusive, to or from a public or private school, unless every such pupil is seated in a seat.
(Added by Stats. 1972, Ch. 1124.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 3 - Driving, Overtaking, and Passing › ARTICLE 2 - Additional Driving Rules › Section 21701.

21701. No person shall wilfully interfere with the driver of a vehicle or with the mechanism thereof in such manner as to affect the driver’s control of the vehicle. The provisions of this section shall not apply to a drivers’ license examiner or other employee of the Department of Motor Vehicles when conducting the road or driving test of an applicant for a driver’s license nor to a person giving instruction as a part of a course in driver training conducted by a public school, educational institution or a driver training school licensed by the Department of Motor Vehicles.
(Enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 3 - Driving, Overtaking, and Passing › ARTICLE 2 - Additional Driving Rules › Section 21702.

21702. (a) No person shall drive upon any highway any vehicle designed or used for transporting persons for compensation for more than 10 consecutive hours nor for more than 10 hours spread over a total of 15 consecutive hours. Thereafter, such person shall not drive any such vehicle until eight consecutive hours have elapsed.
Regardless of aggregate driving time, no driver shall drive for more than 10 hours in any 24-hour period unless eight consecutive hours off duty have elapsed.
(b) No person shall drive upon any highway any vehicle designed or used for transporting merchandise, freight, materials or other property for more than 12 consecutive hours nor for more than 12 hours spread over a total of 15 consecutive hours. Thereafter, such person shall not drive any such vehicle until eight consecutive hours have elapsed.
Regardless of aggregate driving time, no driver shall drive for more than 12 hours in any 24-hour period unless eight consecutive hours off duty have elapsed.
(c) This section does not apply in any case of casualty or unavoidable accident or an act of God.
(d) In computing the number of hours under this section, any time spent by a person in driving such a vehicle outside this state shall, upon the vehicle entering this state, be included.
(e) Any person who violates any provision of this section is guilty of a misdemeanor and is punishable by a fine of not less than one hundred dollars ($100) nor more than one thousand dollars ($1,000) for each offense.
(f) This section shall not apply to the driver of a vehicle which is subject to the provisions of Section 34500.
(Amended by Stats. 1983, Ch. 1092, Sec. 391. Effective September 27, 1983. Operative January 1, 1984, by Sec. 427 of Ch. 1092.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 3 - Driving, Overtaking, and Passing › ARTICLE 2 - Additional Driving Rules › Section 21703.

21703. The driver of a motor vehicle shall not follow another vehicle more closely than is reasonable and prudent, having due regard for the speed of such vehicle and the traffic upon, and the condition of, the roadway.
(Enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 3 - Driving, Overtaking, and Passing › ARTICLE 2 - Additional Driving Rules › Section 21704.

21704. (a) The driver of any motor vehicle subject to the speed restriction of Section 22406 that is operated outside of a business or residence district, shall keep the vehicle he is driving at a distance of not less than 300 feet to the rear of any other motor vehicle subject to such speed restriction which is preceding it.
(b) The provisions of this section shall not prevent overtaking and passing nor shall they apply upon a highway with two or more lanes for traffic in the direction of travel.
(Amended by Stats. 1969, Ch. 226.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 3 - Driving, Overtaking, and Passing › ARTICLE 2 - Additional Driving Rules › Section 21705.

21705. Motor vehicles being driven outside of a business or residence district in a caravan or motorcade, whether or not towing other vehicles, shall be so operated as to allow sufficient space and in no event less than 100 feet between each vehicle or combination of vehicles so as to enable any other vehicle to overtake or pass.
(Enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 3 - Driving, Overtaking, and Passing › ARTICLE 2 - Additional Driving Rules › Section 21706.

21706. No motor vehicle, except an authorized emergency vehicle, shall follow within 300 feet of any authorized emergency vehicle being operated under the provisions of Section 21055.
This section shall not apply to a police or traffic officer when serving as an escort within the purview of Section 21057.
(Amended by Stats. 1972, Ch. 46.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 3 - Driving, Overtaking, and Passing › ARTICLE 2 - Additional Driving Rules › Section 21706.5.

21706.5. (a) For purposes of this section, the following terms have the following meanings:
(1) “Emergency incident zone” means an area on a freeway that is within 500 feet of, and in the direction of travel of, a stationary authorized emergency vehicle that has its emergency lights activated. Traffic in the opposite lanes of the freeway is not in an “emergency incident zone.”
(2) “Operate a vehicle in an unsafe manner” means operating a motor vehicle in violation of an act made unlawful under this division, except a violation of Section 21809.
(b) A person shall not operate a vehicle in an unsafe manner within an emergency incident zone.
(Added by Stats. 2006, Ch. 375, Sec. 1. Effective January 1, 2007.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 3 - Driving, Overtaking, and Passing › ARTICLE 2 - Additional Driving Rules › Section 21707.

21707. No motor vehicle, except an authorized emergency vehicle or a vehicle of a duly authorized member of a fire or police department, shall be operated within the block wherein an emergency situation responded to by any fire department vehicle exists, except that in the event the nearest intersection to the emergency is more than 300 feet therefrom, this section shall prohibit operation of vehicles only within 300 feet of the emergency, unless directed to do so by a member of the fire department or police department, sheriff, deputy sheriff, or member of the California Highway Patrol. The emergency shall be deemed to have ceased to exist when the official of the fire department in charge at the scene of the emergency shall so indicate. Officials of the fire department or police department or the Department of the California Highway Patrol who are present shall make every effort to prevent the closing off entirely of congested highway traffic passing the scene of any such emergency.
(Enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 3 - Driving, Overtaking, and Passing › ARTICLE 2 - Additional Driving Rules › Section 21708.

21708. No person shall drive or propel any vehicle or conveyance upon, over, or across, or in any manner damage any fire hose or chemical hose used by or under the supervision and control of any organized fire department. However, any vehicle may cross a hose provided suitable jumpers or other appliances are installed to protect the hose.
(Enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 3 - Driving, Overtaking, and Passing › ARTICLE 2 - Additional Driving Rules › Section 21710.

21710. The driver of a motor vehicle when traveling on down grade upon any highway shall not coast with the gears of such vehicle in neutral.
(Enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 3 - Driving, Overtaking, and Passing › ARTICLE 2 - Additional Driving Rules › Section 21711.

21711. No person shall operate a train of vehicles when any vehicle being towed whips or swerves from side to side or fails to follow substantially in the path of the towing vehicle.
(Amended by Stats. 1959, Ch. 44.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 3 - Driving, Overtaking, and Passing › ARTICLE 2 - Additional Driving Rules › Section 21712.

21712. (a) A person driving a motor vehicle shall not knowingly permit a person to ride on a vehicle or upon a portion of a vehicle that is not designed or intended for the use of passengers.
(b) A person shall not ride on a vehicle or upon a portion of a vehicle that is not designed or intended for the use of passengers.
(c) A person driving a motor vehicle shall not knowingly permit a person to ride in the trunk of that motor vehicle.
(d) A person shall not ride in the trunk of a motor vehicle.
(e) A person violating subdivision (c) or (d) shall be punished as follows:
(1) By a fine of one hundred dollars ($100).
(2) For a second violation occurring within one year of a prior violation that resulted in a conviction, a fine of two hundred dollars ($200).
(3) For a third or a subsequent violation occurring within one year of two or more prior violations that resulted in convictions, a fine of two hundred fifty dollars ($250).
(f) Subdivisions (a) and (b) do not apply to an employee engaged in the necessary discharge of his or her duty or in the case of persons riding completely within or upon vehicle bodies in the space intended for a load on the vehicle.
(g) A person shall not drive a motor vehicle that is towing a trailer coach, camp trailer, or trailer carrying a vessel, containing a passenger, except when a trailer carrying or designed to carry a vessel is engaged in the launching or recovery of the vessel.
(h) A person shall not knowingly drive a motor vehicle that is towing a person riding upon a motorcycle, motorized bicycle, bicycle, coaster, roller skates, sled, skis, or toy vehicle.
(i) Subdivision (g) does not apply to a trailer coach that is towed with a fifth-wheel device if the trailer coach is equipped with safety glazing materials wherever glazing materials are used in windows or doors, with an audible or visual signaling device that a passenger inside the trailer coach can use to gain the attention of the motor vehicle driver, and with at least one unobstructed exit capable of being opened from both the interior and exterior of the trailer coach.
(Amended by Stats. 2006, Ch. 900, Sec. 2. Effective January 1, 2007.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 3 - Driving, Overtaking, and Passing › ARTICLE 2 - Additional Driving Rules › Section 21713.

21713. No person shall operate on any highway any privately owned armored car unless a license to operate such car has first been obtained from the commissioner in accordance with Chapter 2.5 (commencing with Section 2500) of Division 2.
Violation of this section is a misdemeanor and upon conviction is punishable by a fine not exceeding one thousand dollars ($1,000) or by imprisonment in the county jail for not to exceed six months or by both such fine and imprisonment.
(Amended by Stats. 1983, Ch. 1092, Sec. 392. Effective September 27, 1983. Operative January 1, 1984, by Sec. 427 of Ch. 1092.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 3 - Driving, Overtaking, and Passing › ARTICLE 2 - Additional Driving Rules › Section 21714.

21714. The driver of a vehicle described in subdivision (f) of Section 27803 shall not operate the vehicle in either of the following areas:
(a) On, or immediately adjacent to, the striping or other markers designating adjacent traffic lanes.
(b) Between two or more vehicles that are traveling in adjacent traffic lanes.
(Amended by Stats. 2008, Ch. 672, Sec. 2. Effective January 1, 2009.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 3 - Driving, Overtaking, and Passing › ARTICLE 2 - Additional Driving Rules › Section 21715.

21715. (a) No passenger vehicle regardless of weight, or any other motor vehicle under 4,000 pounds unladen, shall draw or tow more than one vehicle in combination, except that an auxiliary dolly or tow dolly may be used with the towed vehicle.
(b) No motor vehicle under 4,000 pounds unladen shall tow any vehicle weighing 6,000 pounds or more gross.
(Amended by Stats. 1983, Ch. 708, Sec. 8.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 3 - Driving, Overtaking, and Passing › ARTICLE 2 - Additional Driving Rules › Section 21716.

21716. Except as provided in Section 21115.1 and Chapter 6 (commencing with Section 1950) of Division 2.5 of the Streets and Highways Code, no person shall operate a golf cart on any highway except in a speed zone of 25 miles per hour or less.
(Amended (as amended by Stats. 1997, Ch. 536, Sec. 3) by Stats. 2000, Ch. 155, Sec. 2. Effective January 1, 2001.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 3 - Driving, Overtaking, and Passing › ARTICLE 2 - Additional Driving Rules › Section 21717.

21717. Whenever it is necessary for the driver of a motor vehicle to cross a bicycle lane that is adjacent to his lane of travel to make a turn, the driver shall drive the motor vehicle into the bicycle lane prior to making the turn and shall make the turn pursuant to Section 22100.
(Added by Stats. 1976, Ch. 751.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 3 - Driving, Overtaking, and Passing › ARTICLE 2 - Additional Driving Rules › Section 21718.

21718. (a) No person shall stop, park, or leave standing any vehicle upon a freeway which has full control of access and no crossings at grade except:
(1) When necessary to avoid injury or damage to persons or property.
(2) When required by law or in obedience to a peace officer or official traffic control device.
(3) When any person is actually engaged in maintenance or construction on freeway property or any employee of a public agency is actually engaged in the performance of official duties.
(4) When any vehicle is so disabled that it is impossible to avoid temporarily stopping and another vehicle has been summoned to render assistance to the disabled vehicle or driver of the disabled vehicle. This paragraph applies when the vehicle summoned to render assistance is a vehicle owned by the donor of free emergency assistance that has been summoned by display upon or within a disabled vehicle of a placard or sign given to the driver of the disabled vehicle by the donor for the specific purpose of summoning assistance, other than towing service, from the donor.
(5) Where stopping, standing, or parking is specifically permitted. However, buses may not stop on freeways unless sidewalks are provided with shoulders of sufficient width to permit stopping without interfering with the normal movement of traffic and without the possibility of crossing over fast lanes to reach the bus stop.
(6) Where necessary for any person to report a traffic accident or other situation or incident to a peace officer or any person specified in paragraph (3), either directly or by means of an emergency telephone or similar device.
(7) When necessary for the purpose of rapid removal of impediments to traffic by the owner or operator of a tow truck operating under an agreement with the Department of the California Highway Patrol.
(b) A conviction of a violation of this section is a conviction involving the safe operation of a motor vehicle upon the highway if a notice to appear for the violation was issued by a peace officer described in Section 830.1 or 830.2 of the Penal Code.
(Added by Stats. 1997, Ch. 945, Sec. 17. Effective January 1, 1998.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 3 - Driving, Overtaking, and Passing › ARTICLE 2 - Additional Driving Rules › Section 21719.

21719. (a) Notwithstanding any other law, in the event of an emergency occurring on a roadway that requires the rapid removal of impediments to traffic or the rendering of assistance to a disabled vehicle obstructing a roadway, a tow truck driver who is operating under an agreement with the law enforcement agency responsible for investigating traffic collisions on the roadway, summoned by the owner or operator of a vehicle involved in a collision or that is otherwise disabled on the roadway, or operating pursuant to subdivision (a) of Section 2430.1 may utilize the center median or right shoulder of a roadway if all of the following conditions are met:
(1) A peace officer employed by the investigating law enforcement agency is at the scene of the roadway obstruction and has determined that the obstruction has caused an unnecessary delay to motorists using the roadway.
(2) A peace officer employed by the investigating law enforcement agency has determined that a tow truck can provide emergency roadside assistance by removing the disabled vehicle and gives explicit permission to the tow truck driver allowing the utilization of the center median or right shoulder of the roadway.
(3) The tow truck is not operated on the center median or right shoulder at a speed greater than what is reasonable or prudent having due regard for weather, visibility, the traffic on, and the surface and width of, the roadway, and in no event at a speed that endangers the safety of persons or property.
(4) The tow truck displays flashing amber warning lamps to the front, rear, and both sides while driving in the center median or right shoulder of a roadway pursuant to this section.
(b) For purposes of this section, “utilize the center median” includes making a U-turn across the center median.
(Amended by Stats. 2016, Ch. 208, Sec. 14. (AB 2906) Effective January 1, 2017.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 3 - Driving, Overtaking, and Passing › ARTICLE 2 - Additional Driving Rules › Section 21720.

21720. A pocket bike shall not be operated on a sidewalk, roadway, or any other part of a highway, or on a bikeway, bicycle path or trail, equestrian trail, hiking or recreational trail, or on public lands open to off-highway motor vehicle use.
(Added by Stats. 2005, Ch. 323, Sec. 3. Effective January 1, 2006.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 3 - Driving, Overtaking, and Passing › ARTICLE 2 - Additional Driving Rules › Section 21721.

21721. (a) A peace officer, as defined in Chapter 4.5 (commencing with Section 830) of Title 3 of Part 2 of the Penal Code, may cause the removal and seizure of a pocket bike, upon the notice to appear for a violation of Section 21720. A pocket bike so seized shall be held for a minimum of 48 hours.
(b) A violator of this section shall be responsible for all costs associated with the removal, seizure, and storage of the pocket bike.
(c) A city, county, or city and county may adopt a regulation, ordinance, or resolution imposing charges equal to its administrative costs relating to the removal, seizure, and storage costs of a pocket bike. The charges shall not exceed the actual costs incurred for the expenses directly related to removing, seizing, and storing a pocket bike.
(d) An agency shall release a seized pocket bike to the owner, violator, or the violator’s agent after 48 hours, if all of the following conditions are met:
(1) The violator or authorized agent’s request is made during normal business hours.
(2) The applicable removal, seizure, and storage costs have been paid by the owner, or any other responsible party.
(Added by Stats. 2005, Ch. 323, Sec. 4. Effective January 1, 2006.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 3 - Driving, Overtaking, and Passing › ARTICLE 3 - Overtaking and Passing › Section 21750.

21750. (a) The driver of a vehicle overtaking another vehicle proceeding in the same direction shall pass to the left at a safe distance without interfering with the safe operation of the overtaken vehicle, subject to the limitations and exceptions set forth in this article.
(b) This section shall become operative on September 16, 2014.
(Repealed (in Sec. 1) and added by Stats. 2013, Ch. 331, Sec. 2. (AB 1371) Effective January 1, 2014. Section operative September 16, 2014, by its own provisions.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 3 - Driving, Overtaking, and Passing › ARTICLE 3 - Overtaking and Passing › Section 21751.

21751. On a two-lane highway, no vehicle shall be driven to the left side of the center of the roadway in overtaking and passing another vehicle proceeding in the same direction unless the left side is clearly visible and free of oncoming traffic for a sufficient distance ahead to permit such overtaking and passing to be completely made without interfering with the safe operation of any vehicle approaching from the opposite direction.
(Amended by Stats. 1973, Ch. 50.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 3 - Driving, Overtaking, and Passing › ARTICLE 3 - Overtaking and Passing › Section 21752.

21752. No vehicle shall be driven to the left side of the roadway under the following conditions:
(a) When approaching or upon the crest of a grade or a curve in the highway where the driver’s view is obstructed within such distance as to create a hazard in the event another vehicle might approach from the opposite direction.
(b) When the view is obstructed upon approaching within 100 feet of any bridge, viaduct, or tunnel.
(c) When approaching within 100 feet of or when traversing any railroad grade crossing.
(d) When approaching within 100 feet of or when traversing any intersection.
This section shall not apply upon a one-way roadway.
(Amended by Stats. 2000, Ch. 596, Sec. 7. Effective January 1, 2001.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 3 - Driving, Overtaking, and Passing › ARTICLE 3 - Overtaking and Passing › Section 21753.

21753. Except when passing on the right is permitted, the driver of an overtaken vehicle shall safely move to the right-hand side of the highway in favor of the overtaking vehicle after an audible signal or a momentary flash of headlights by the overtaking vehicle, and shall not increase the speed of his or her vehicle until completely passed by the overtaking vehicle. This section does not require the driver of an overtaken vehicle to drive on the shoulder of the highway in order to allow the overtaking vehicle to pass.
(Amended by Stats. 1999, Ch. 724, Sec. 40. Effective January 1, 2000.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 3 - Driving, Overtaking, and Passing › ARTICLE 3 - Overtaking and Passing › Section 21754.

21754. The driver of a vehicle may overtake and pass to the right of another vehicle only under the following conditions:
(a) When the vehicle overtaken is making or about to make a left turn.
(b) Upon a highway within a business or residence district with unobstructed pavement of sufficient width for two or more lines of moving vehicles in the direction of travel.
(c) Upon any highway outside of a business or residence district with unobstructed pavement of sufficient width and clearly marked for two or more lines of moving traffic in the direction of travel.
(d) Upon a one-way street.
(e) Upon a highway divided into two roadways where traffic is restricted to one direction upon each of such roadways.
The provisions of this section shall not relieve the driver of a slow moving vehicle from the duty to drive as closely as practicable to the right hand edge of the roadway.
(Amended by Stats. 2010, Ch. 491, Sec. 39. (SB 1318) Effective January 1, 2011.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 3 - Driving, Overtaking, and Passing › ARTICLE 3 - Overtaking and Passing › Section 21755.

21755. (a) The driver of a vehicle may overtake and pass another vehicle upon the right only under conditions permitting that movement in safety. In no event shall that movement be made by driving off the paved or main-traveled portion of the roadway.
(b) This section does not prohibit the use of a bicycle in a bicycle lane or on a shoulder.
(Amended by Stats. 2010, Ch. 491, Sec. 40. (SB 1318) Effective January 1, 2011.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 3 - Driving, Overtaking, and Passing › ARTICLE 3 - Overtaking and Passing › Section 21756.

21756. (a) The driver of a vehicle overtaking any interurban electric or streetcar stopped or about to stop for the purpose of receiving or discharging any passenger shall stop the vehicle to the rear of the nearest running board or door of such car and thereupon remain standing until all passengers have boarded the car or upon alighting have reached a place of safety, except as provided in subdivision (b) hereof.
(b) Where a safety zone has been established or at an intersection where traffic is controlled by an officer or a traffic control signal device, a vehicle need not be brought to a stop before passing any interurban electric or streetcar but may proceed past such car at a speed not greater than 10 miles per hour and with due caution for the safety of pedestrians.
(c) Whenever any trolley coach or bus has stopped at a safety zone to receive or discharge passengers, a vehicle may proceed past such trolley coach or bus at a speed not greater than 10 miles per hour.
(Amended by Stats. 1959, Ch. 969.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 3 - Driving, Overtaking, and Passing › ARTICLE 3 - Overtaking and Passing › Section 21757.

21757. The driver of a vehicle shall not overtake and pass upon the left, nor shall any driver of a vehicle drive upon the left side of, any interurban electric or street car proceeding in the same direction whether the street car is actually in motion or temporarily at rest, except:
(a) When so directed by a police or traffic officer.
(b) When upon a one-way street.
(c) When upon a street where the tracks are so located as to prevent compliance with this section.
(Enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 3 - Driving, Overtaking, and Passing › ARTICLE 3 - Overtaking and Passing › Section 21758.

21758. In the event any vehicle is being operated on any grade outside of a business or residence district at a speed of less than 20 miles per hour, no person operating any other motor vehicle shall attempt to overtake and pass such slow moving vehicle unless the overtaking vehicle is operated at a speed of at least 10 miles per hour in excess of the speed of the overtaken vehicle, nor unless the passing movement is completed within a total distance not greater than one-quarter of a mile.
(Enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 3 - Driving, Overtaking, and Passing › ARTICLE 3 - Overtaking and Passing › Section 21759.

21759. The driver of any vehicle approaching any horse drawn vehicle, any ridden animal, or any livestock shall exercise proper control of his vehicle and shall reduce speed or stop as may appear necessary or as may be signalled or otherwise requested by any person driving, riding or in charge of the animal or livestock in order to avoid frightening and to safeguard the animal or livestock and to insure the safety of any person driving or riding the animal or in charge of the livestock.
(Enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 3 - Driving, Overtaking, and Passing › ARTICLE 3 - Overtaking and Passing › Section 21760.

21760. (a) This section shall be known and may be cited as the Three Feet for Safety Act.
(b) The driver of a motor vehicle overtaking and passing a bicycle that is proceeding in the same direction on a highway shall pass in compliance with the requirements of this article applicable to overtaking and passing a vehicle, and shall do so at a safe distance that does not interfere with the safe operation of the overtaken bicycle, having due regard for the size and speed of the motor vehicle and the bicycle, traffic conditions, weather, visibility, and the surface and width of the highway.
(c) A driver of a motor vehicle shall not overtake or pass a bicycle proceeding in the same direction on a highway at a distance of less than three feet between any part of the motor vehicle and any part of the bicycle or its operator. The driver of a motor vehicle overtaking or passing a bicycle that is proceeding in the same direction and in the same lane of travel shall, if another lane of traffic proceeding in the same direction is available, make a lane change into another available lane with due regard for safety and traffic conditions, if practicable and not prohibited by law, before overtaking or passing the bicycle.
(d) If the driver of a motor vehicle is unable to comply with subdivision (c), due to traffic or roadway conditions, the driver shall slow to a speed that is reasonable and prudent, and may pass only when doing so would not endanger the safety of the operator of the bicycle, taking into account the size and speed of the motor vehicle and bicycle, traffic conditions, weather, visibility, and surface and width of the highway.
(e) (1) A violation of subdivision (b), (c), or (d) is an infraction punishable by a fine of thirty-five dollars ($35).
(2) If a collision occurs between a motor vehicle and a bicycle causing bodily injury to the operator of the bicycle, and the driver of the motor vehicle is found to be in violation of subdivision (b), (c), or (d), a two-hundred-twenty-dollar ($220) fine shall be imposed on that driver.
(Amended by Stats. 2022, Ch. 343, Sec. 6. (AB 1909) Effective January 1, 2023.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 3 - Driving, Overtaking, and Passing › ARTICLE 3 - Overtaking and Passing › Section 21761.

21761. (a) The driver of a vehicle on a public street or highway approaching and overtaking a stopped waste service vehicle shall make a lane change into an available lane adjacent to the waste service vehicle and shall pass at a safe distance without interfering with the safe operation of the waste service vehicle, with due regard for safety and traffic conditions, if practicable and not prohibited by law.
(b) If the maneuver described in subdivision (a) would be unsafe or impractical, a driver approaching and overtaking a stopped waste service vehicle shall slow to a reasonable and prudent speed that is safe for existing weather, road, and vehicular or pedestrian traffic conditions.
(c) For purposes of this section, “waste service vehicle” means a refuse collection vehicle, including a vehicle collecting recyclables or yard waste that is used for curbside collection, and sewer and catch basin maintenance vehicles.
(d) The requirements in subdivisions (a) and (b) apply when both of the following circumstances exist:
(1) The waste service vehicle is readily identifiable as a waste service vehicle based on the vehicle configuration or markings on the vehicle.
(2) The waste service vehicle displays flashing amber lights.
(e) Subdivisions (a) and (b) do not apply to a waste service vehicle that is located on a private driveway or highway, when the waste service vehicle is not adjacent to the street or highway, or is separated from the street or highway by a protective physical barrier.
(f) This section shall be operative on and after January 1, 2020.
(Added by Stats. 2018, Ch. 710, Sec. 1. (AB 2115) Effective January 1, 2019. Section operative January 1, 2020, by its own provisions.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 4 - Right-of-Way › Section 21800.

21800. (a) The driver of a vehicle approaching an intersection shall yield the right-of-way to any vehicle which has entered the intersection from a different highway.
(b) (1) When two vehicles enter an intersection from different highways at the same time, the driver of the vehicle on the left shall yield the right-of-way to the vehicle on his or her immediate right, except that the driver of any vehicle on a terminating highway shall yield the right-of-way to any vehicle on the intersecting continuing highway.
(2) For the purposes of this section, “terminating highway” means a highway which intersects, but does not continue beyond the intersection, with another highway which does continue beyond the intersection.
(c) When two vehicles enter an intersection from different highways at the same time and the intersection is controlled from all directions by stop signs, the driver of the vehicle on the left shall yield the right-of-way to the vehicle on his or her immediate right.
(d) (1) The driver of any vehicle approaching an intersection which has official traffic control signals that are inoperative shall stop at the intersection, and may proceed with caution when it is safe to do so.
(2) When two vehicles enter an intersection from different highways at the same time, and the official traffic control signals for the intersection are inoperative, the driver of the vehicle on the left shall yield the right-of-way to the vehicle on his or her immediate right, except that the driver of any vehicle on a terminating highway shall yield the right-of-way to any vehicle on the intersecting continuing highway.
(e) This section does not apply to any of the following:
(1) Any intersection controlled by an official traffic control signal or yield right-of-way sign.
(2) Any intersection controlled by stop signs from less than all directions.
(3) When vehicles are approaching each other from opposite directions and the driver of one of the vehicles intends to make, or is making, a left turn.
(Amended by Stats. 2009, Ch. 200, Sec. 11. (SB 734) Effective January 1, 2010.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 4 - Right-of-Way › Section 21801.

21801. (a) The driver of a vehicle intending to turn to the left or to complete a U-turn upon a highway, or to turn left into public or private property, or an alley, shall yield the right-of-way to all vehicles approaching from the opposite direction which are close enough to constitute a hazard at any time during the turning movement, and shall continue to yield the right-of-way to the approaching vehicles until the left turn or U-turn can be made with reasonable safety.
(b) A driver having yielded as prescribed in subdivision (a), and having given a signal when and as required by this code, may turn left or complete a U-turn, and the drivers of vehicles approaching the intersection or the entrance to the property or alley from the opposite direction shall yield the right-of-way to the turning vehicle.
(Amended by Stats. 1993, Ch. 272, Sec. 40. Effective August 2, 1993.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 4 - Right-of-Way › Section 21802.

21802. (a) The driver of any vehicle approaching a stop sign at the entrance to, or within, an intersection shall stop as required by Section 22450. The driver shall then yield the right-of-way to any vehicles which have approached from another highway, or which are approaching so closely as to constitute an immediate hazard, and shall continue to yield the right-of-way to those vehicles until he or she can proceed with reasonable safety.
(b) A driver having yielded as prescribed in subdivision (a) may proceed to enter the intersection, and the drivers of all other approaching vehicles shall yield the right-of-way to the vehicle entering or crossing the intersection.
(c) This section does not apply where stop signs are erected upon all approaches to an intersection.
(Amended by Stats. 1988, Ch. 623, Sec. 3.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 4 - Right-of-Way › Section 21803.

21803. (a) The driver of any vehicle approaching any intersection which is controlled by a yield right-of-way sign shall, upon arriving at the sign, yield the right-of-way to any vehicles which have entered the intersection, or which are approaching on the intersecting highway close enough to constitute an immediate hazard, and shall continue to yield the right-of-way to those vehicles until he or she can proceed with reasonable safety.
(b) A driver having yielded as prescribed in subdivision (a) may proceed to enter the intersection, and the drivers of all other approaching vehicles shall yield the right-of-way to the vehicle entering or crossing the intersection.
(Amended by Stats. 1988, Ch. 623, Sec. 4.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 4 - Right-of-Way › Section 21804.

21804. (a) The driver of any vehicle about to enter or cross a highway from any public or private property, or from an alley, shall yield the right-of-way to all traffic, as defined in Section 620, approaching on the highway close enough to constitute an immediate hazard, and shall continue to yield the right-of-way to that traffic until he or she can proceed with reasonable safety.
(b) A driver having yielded as prescribed in subdivision (a) may proceed to enter or cross the highway, and the drivers of all other vehicles approaching on the highway shall yield the right-of-way to the vehicle entering or crossing the intersection.
(Amended by Stats. 1988, Ch. 623, Sec. 5.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 4 - Right-of-Way › Section 21805.

21805. (a) The Department of Transportation, and local authorities with respect to highways under their jurisdiction, may designate any intersection of a highway as a bridle path or equestrian crossing by erecting appropriate signs. The signs shall be erected on the highway at or near the approach to the intersection, and shall be of a type approved by the Department of Transportation. The signs shall indicate the crossing and any crossmarks, safety devices, or signals the authorities deem necessary to safeguard vehicular and equestrian traffic at the intersection.
(b) The driver of any vehicle shall yield the right-of-way to any horseback rider who is crossing the highway at any designated equestrian crossing which is marked by signs as prescribed in subdivision (a).
(c)  Subdivision (b) does not relieve any horseback rider from the duty of using due care for his or her own safety. No horseback rider shall leave a curb or other place of safety and proceed suddenly into the path of a vehicle which is close enough to constitute an immediate hazard.
(Amended by Stats. 1988, Ch. 623, Sec. 6.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 4 - Right-of-Way › Section 21806.

21806. Upon the immediate approach of an authorized emergency vehicle which is sounding a siren and which has at least one lighted lamp exhibiting red light that is visible, under normal atmospheric conditions, from a distance of 1,000 feet to the front of the vehicle, the surrounding traffic shall, except as otherwise directed by a traffic officer, do the following:
(a) (1) Except as required under paragraph (2), the driver of every other vehicle shall yield the right-of-way and shall immediately drive to the right-hand edge or curb of the highway, clear of any intersection, and thereupon shall stop and remain stopped until the authorized emergency vehicle has passed.
(2) A person driving a vehicle in an exclusive or preferential use lane shall exit that lane immediately upon determining that the exit can be accomplished with reasonable safety.
(b) The operator of every street car shall immediately stop the street car, clear of any intersection, and remain stopped until the authorized emergency vehicle has passed.
(c) All pedestrians upon the highway shall proceed to the nearest curb or place of safety and remain there until the authorized emergency vehicle has passed.
(Amended by Stats. 1996, Ch. 1154, Sec. 68. Effective September 30, 1996.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 4 - Right-of-Way › Section 21809.

21809. (a) A person driving a vehicle on a highway approaching a stationary authorized emergency vehicle that is displaying emergency lights, a stationary tow truck that is displaying flashing amber warning lights, or a stationary marked Department of Transportation vehicle that is displaying flashing amber warning lights, shall approach with due caution and, before passing in a lane immediately adjacent to the authorized emergency vehicle, tow truck, or Department of Transportation vehicle, absent other direction by a peace officer, proceed to do one of the following:
(1) Make a lane change into an available lane not immediately adjacent to the authorized emergency vehicle, tow truck, or Department of Transportation vehicle, with due regard for safety and traffic conditions, if practicable and not prohibited by law.
(2) If the maneuver described in paragraph (1) would be unsafe or impracticable, slow to a reasonable and prudent speed that is safe for existing weather, road, and vehicular or pedestrian traffic conditions.
(b) A violation of subdivision (a) is an infraction, punishable by a fine of not more than fifty dollars ($50).
(c) The requirements of subdivision (a) do not apply if the stationary authorized emergency vehicle that is displaying emergency lights, the stationary tow truck that is displaying flashing amber warning lights, or the stationary marked Department of Transportation vehicle that is displaying flashing amber warning lights is not adjacent to the highway or is separated from the highway by a protective physical barrier.
(Amended by Stats. 2020, Ch. 100, Sec. 3. (AB 2285) Effective January 1, 2021.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 5 - Pedestrians Rights and Duties › Section 21949.

21949. (a) The Legislature hereby finds and declares that it is the policy of the State of California that safe and convenient pedestrian travel and access, whether by foot, wheelchair, walker, or stroller, be provided to the residents of the state.
(b) In accordance with the policy declared under subdivision (a), it is the intent of the Legislature that all levels of government in the state, particularly the Department of Transportation, work to provide convenient and safe passage for pedestrians on and across all streets and highways, increase levels of walking and pedestrian travel, and reduce pedestrian fatalities and injuries.
(Added by Stats. 2000, Ch. 833, Sec. 6. Effective January 1, 2001.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 5 - Pedestrians Rights and Duties › Section 21949.5.

21949.5. (a) On or before January 1, 2028, the Commissioner of the California Highway Patrol, in consultation with the Institute of Transportation Studies at the University of California, shall submit a report to the Legislature regarding statewide pedestrian-related traffic crash data and any associated impacts to traffic safety, including an evaluation of whether and how the changes made to this chapter and Article 3 (commencing with Section 21450) of Chapter 2 by the act that added this section have impacted pedestrian safety.
(b) (1) A report to be submitted pursuant to subdivision (a) shall be submitted in compliance with Section 9795 of the Government Code.
(2) Pursuant to Section 10231.5 of the Government Code, this section is repealed on January 1, 2032.
(Added by Stats. 2022, Ch. 957, Sec. 7. (AB 2147) Effective January 1, 2023. Repealed as of January 1, 2032, by its own provisions.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 5 - Pedestrians Rights and Duties › Section 21950.

21950. (a) The driver of a vehicle shall yield the right-of-way to a pedestrian crossing the roadway within any marked crosswalk or within any unmarked crosswalk at an intersection, except as otherwise provided in this chapter.
(b) This section does not relieve a pedestrian from the duty of using due care for their safety. No pedestrian may suddenly leave a curb or other place of safety and walk or run into the path of a vehicle that is so close as to constitute an immediate hazard. No pedestrian may unnecessarily stop or delay traffic while in a marked or unmarked crosswalk.
(c) The driver of a vehicle approaching a pedestrian within any marked or unmarked crosswalk shall exercise all due care and shall reduce the speed of the vehicle or take any other action relating to the operation of the vehicle as necessary to safeguard the safety of the pedestrian.
(d) Subdivision (b) does not relieve a driver of a vehicle from the duty of exercising due care for the safety of any pedestrian within any marked crosswalk or within any unmarked crosswalk at an intersection.
(e) (1) A peace officer, as defined in Chapter 4.5 (commencing with Section 830) of Title 3 of Part 2 of the Penal Code, shall not stop a pedestrian for a violation of this section unless a reasonably careful person would realize there is an immediate danger of a collision with a moving vehicle or other device moving exclusively by human power.
(2) This subdivision does not relieve a pedestrian from the duty of using due care for their safety.
(3) This subdivision does not relieve a driver of a vehicle from the duty of exercising due care for the safety of any pedestrian within the roadway.
(Amended by Stats. 2022, Ch. 957, Sec. 8. (AB 2147) Effective January 1, 2023.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 5 - Pedestrians Rights and Duties › Section 21950.5.

21950.5. (a) An existing marked crosswalk may not be removed unless notice and opportunity to be heard is provided to the public not less than 30 days prior to the scheduled date of removal. In addition to any other public notice requirements, the notice of proposed removal shall be posted at the crosswalk identified for removal.
(b) The notice required by subdivision (a) shall include, but is not limited to, notification to the public of both of the following:
(1) That the public may provide input relating to the scheduled removal.
(2) The form and method of providing the input authorized by paragraph (1).
(Added by Stats. 2000, Ch. 833, Sec. 9. Effective January 1, 2001.)