reglab/statecodes huggingface dataset:
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 12 - EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES › CHAPTER 5 - Other Equipment › ARTICLE 3.3 - Child Safety Belt and Passenger Restraint Requirements › Section 27363.

27363. (a) The court may exempt from the requirements of this article any class of child by age, weight, or size if it is determined that the use of a child passenger restraint system would be impractical by reason of physical unfitness, medical condition, or size. The court may require satisfactory proof of the child’s physical unfitness, medical condition, or size and that an appropriate special needs child passenger restraint system is not available.
(b) In case of a life-threatening emergency, or when a child is being transported in an authorized emergency vehicle, if there is no child passenger restraint system available, a child may be transported without the use of that system, but the child shall be secured by a seatbelt.
(c) A child weighing more than 40 pounds may be transported in the backseat of a vehicle while wearing only a lap safety belt when the backseat of the vehicle is not equipped with a combination lap and shoulder safety belt.
(d) Notwithstanding Section 27360, a child or ward under eight years of age who is four feet nine inches in height or taller may be properly restrained by a safety belt, as defined in paragraph (2) of subdivision (d) of Section 27315, rather than by a child passenger restraint system.
(e) Notwithstanding Section 27360, a child or ward under eight years of age may ride properly secured in an appropriate child passenger restraint system meeting applicable federal motor vehicle safety standards in the front seat of a motor vehicle under any of the following circumstances:
(1) There is no rear seat.
(2) The rear seats are side-facing jump seats.
(3) The rear seats are rear-facing seats.
(4) The child passenger restraint system cannot be installed properly in the rear seat.
(5) All rear seats are already occupied by children seven years of age or under.
(6) Medical reasons necessitate that the child or ward not ride in the rear seat. The court may require satisfactory proof of the child’s medical condition.
(f) Notwithstanding subdivision (e), a child shall not be transported in a rear-facing child passenger restraint system in the front seat of a motor vehicle that is equipped with an active frontal passenger airbag.
(Amended by Stats. 2011, Ch. 474, Sec. 9. (SB 929) Effective January 1, 2012.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 12 - EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES › CHAPTER 5 - Other Equipment › ARTICLE 3.3 - Child Safety Belt and Passenger Restraint Requirements › Section 27363.5.

27363.5. (a) A public or private hospital, clinic, or birthing center shall, at the time of the discharge of a child, provide to and discuss with the parents or the person to whom the child is released, if the child is under eight years of age, information on the current law requiring child passenger restraint systems, safety belts, and the transportation of children in rear seats.
(b) A public or private hospital, clinic, or birthing center shall also provide to and discuss with the parent or person to whom the child is released, if the child is under eight years of age, contact information to direct the person to an Internet Web site or other contact that could provide, at no cost or low cost, information and assistance relating to child passenger restraint system requirements, installation, and inspection. Pursuant to this subdivision, the hospital, clinic, or birthing center does not have any additional obligation to provide patients with any assistance relating to child passenger restraint systems, other than providing the contact information as set forth in this subdivision. This contact information may include the following:
(1) Call 1-866-SEAT-CHECK or visit www.seatcheck.org to find a nearby location.
(2) The telephone number of the local office of the Department of the California Highway Patrol.
(3) The Internet Web site for the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration’s Child Safety Seat Inspection Station Locator.
(4) The Internet Web site for the State Department of Public Health’s child passenger restraint system safety inspection locator.
(c) A public or private hospital, clinic, or birthing center shall not be responsible for the failure of the parent or person to whom the child is released to properly transport the child.
(Amended by Stats. 2012, Ch. 185, Sec. 2. (AB 1452) Effective January 1, 2013.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 12 - EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES › CHAPTER 5 - Other Equipment › ARTICLE 3.3 - Child Safety Belt and Passenger Restraint Requirements › Section 27364.

27364. (a) It is the intent of the Legislature, in enacting this article, to insure that children, who are, because of their tender years, helpless dependent passengers, are provided with the safest transportation possible.
(b) It is the further intent of the Legislature to stress and communicate to all drivers in this state the importance of using child passenger restraint systems.
(c) Nothing in this article shall be construed to extend application of these provisions to a class of children other than the class of children herein specified.
(Amended by Stats. 1995, Ch. 512, Sec. 9. Effective January 1, 1996.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 12 - EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES › CHAPTER 5 - Other Equipment › ARTICLE 3.3 - Child Safety Belt and Passenger Restraint Requirements › Section 27365.

27365. (a) (1) A car rental agency in California shall inform each of its customers of Section 27360 by posting, in a place conspicuous to the public in each established place of business of the agency, a notice not smaller than 15 by 20 inches which states the following:
“CALIFORNIA LAW REQUIRES ALL CHILDREN UNDER 8 YEARS OF AGE TO BE TRANSPORTED IN THE REAR SEAT OF THE VEHICLE IN A CHILD RESTRAINT SYSTEM. THIS AGENCY IS REQUIRED TO PROVIDE FOR RENTAL OF A CHILD RESTRAINT SYSTEM IF YOU DO NOT HAVE A CHILD RESTRAINT SYSTEM YOURSELF.”
(2) The posted notice specified in paragraph (1) is not required if the car rental agency’s place of business is located in a hotel that has a business policy prohibiting the posting of signs or notices in any area of the hotel. In that case, a car rental agency shall furnish a written notice to each customer that contains the same information as required for the posted notice.
(b) Every car rental agency in California shall have available for, and shall, upon request, provide for rental to, adults traveling with children under eight years of age, child passenger restraint systems that are certified by the manufacturer to meet applicable federal motor vehicle safety standards for use by children, are in good and safe condition, with no missing original parts, and are not older than five years.
(c) A violation of this section is an infraction punishable by a fine of one hundred dollars ($100).
(Amended by Stats. 2011, Ch. 474, Sec. 11. (SB 929) Effective January 1, 2012.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 12 - EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES › CHAPTER 5 - Other Equipment › ARTICLE 3.3 - Child Safety Belt and Passenger Restraint Requirements › Section 27366.

27366. (a) The department shall do the following:
(1) Prepare and disseminate materials for the purpose of educating the public about the importance of using passenger restraints for infants and children under 15 years of age. These materials shall include, but are not limited to, audiovisual aids and written materials that explain the effects of motor vehicle accidents on infants and children and the reduction in risk of injury or death as a result of the utilization of passenger restraints for infants and children.
(2) As funding is available, produce and administer a billboard campaign stressing the importance of utilizing child passenger restraint systems and instructing the public on where to obtain those systems.
(b) The department, the Office of Traffic Safety, and the State Department of Health Services shall meet annually to coordinate, share information about, and outline the programs that each organization is pursuing in the area of child passenger restraint systems.
(Added by Stats. 1995, Ch. 512, Sec. 10. Effective January 1, 1996.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 12 - EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES › CHAPTER 5 - Other Equipment › ARTICLE 3.3 - Child Safety Belt and Passenger Restraint Requirements › Section 27368.

27368. This article applies to child passengers in a fully enclosed three-wheeled motor vehicle that is not less than seven feet in length and not less than four feet in width, and has an unladen weight of 900 pounds or more.
(Added by Stats. 1997, Ch. 710, Sec. 3. Effective January 1, 1998.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 12 - EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES › CHAPTER 5 - Other Equipment › ARTICLE 3.5 - Headsets and Earplugs › Section 27400.

27400. A person operating a motor vehicle or bicycle may not wear a headset covering, earplugs in, or earphones covering, resting on, or inserted in, both ears. This prohibition does not apply to any of the following:
(a) A person operating authorized emergency vehicles, as defined in Section 165.
(b) A person engaged in the operation of either special construction equipment or equipment for use in the maintenance of any highway.
(c) A person engaged in the operation of refuse collection equipment who is wearing a safety headset or safety earplugs.
(d) A person wearing personal hearing protectors in the form of earplugs or molds that are specifically designed to attenuate injurious noise levels. The plugs or molds shall be designed in a manner so as to not inhibit the wearer’s ability to hear a siren or horn from an emergency vehicle or a horn from another motor vehicle.
(e) A person using a prosthetic device that aids the hard of hearing.
(Amended by Stats. 2015, Ch. 451, Sec. 55. (SB 491) Effective January 1, 2016.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 12 - EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES › CHAPTER 5 - Other Equipment › ARTICLE 3.6 - Charter-Party Carrier Safety Equipment › Section 27425.

27425. (a) A vehicle described in paragraph (1) of subdivision (b) of Section 5363 of the Public Utilities Code that is designed to carry 39 or more passengers and that is manufactured on or after July 1, 2020, shall be equipped with emergency lighting fixtures that will turn on in the event of an impact or collision.
(b) A vehicle as specified in subdivision (a) shall at all times meet applicable federal motor vehicle safety standards (FMVSS) issued by the United States Department of Transportation. This section shall not be construed to conflict with those standards.
(Added by Stats. 2016, Ch. 705, Sec. 2. (SB 247) Effective January 1, 2017.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 12 - EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES › CHAPTER 5 - Other Equipment › ARTICLE 3.6 - Charter-Party Carrier Safety Equipment › Section 27426.

27426. No later than July 1, 2018, the department shall adopt standards and criteria for the implementation of the safety equipment requirements specified in Section 27425.
(Added by Stats. 2016, Ch. 705, Sec. 2. (SB 247) Effective January 1, 2017.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 12 - EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES › CHAPTER 5 - Other Equipment › ARTICLE 3.6 - Charter-Party Carrier Safety Equipment › Section 27427.

27427. This article does not alter or affect the requirements of the Passenger Charter-party Carriers’ Act (Chapter 8 (commencing with Section 5351) of Division 2 of the Public Utilities Code).
(Amended by Stats. 2017, Ch. 561, Sec. 256. (AB 1516) Effective January 1, 2018.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 12 - EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES › CHAPTER 5 - Other Equipment › ARTICLE 4 - Tires › Section 27450.

27450. When any vehicle is equipped with any solid tire, the solid tire shall have a minimum thickness of resilient rubber as follows:
(a) If the width of the tire is three inches but less than six inches, one inch thick.
(b) If the width of the tire is six inches but not more than nine inches, 1
1
/
4
inches thick.
(c) If the width of the tire is more than nine inches, 1
1
/
2
inches thick.
(Enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 12 - EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES › CHAPTER 5 - Other Equipment › ARTICLE 4 - Tires › Section 27451.

27451. The rubber of a solid tire shall be measured between the surface of the roadway and the nearest metal part of the base flange to which the tire is attached at the point where the concentrated weight of the vehicle bears upon the surface of the roadway.
(Enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 12 - EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES › CHAPTER 5 - Other Equipment › ARTICLE 4 - Tires › Section 27452.

27452. The required thickness of rubber shall extend evenly around the entire periphery of the tire. The entire solid tire shall be securely attached to the channel base and shall be without flat spots or bumpy rubber.
(Enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 12 - EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES › CHAPTER 5 - Other Equipment › ARTICLE 4 - Tires › Section 27453.

27453. There shall not be an average difference greater than
1
/
8
inch between the outside diameters of each single tire composing a dual solid rubber tire.
(Enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 12 - EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES › CHAPTER 5 - Other Equipment › ARTICLE 4 - Tires › Section 27454.

27454. A tire on a vehicle upon a highway shall not have on its periphery any block, stud, flange, cleat, ridge, bead, or any other protuberance of metal or wood that projects beyond the tread of the traction surface of the tire.
This section does not apply to any of the following:
(a) Tire traction devices of reasonable size used to prevent skidding when upon wet surfaces or when upon snow or ice.
(b) Pneumatic tires that have embedded therein wire not to exceed 0.075 of an inch in diameter and that are constructed so that under no conditions will the percentage of metal in contact with the roadway exceed 5 percent of the total tire area in contact with the roadway, except that during the first 1,000 miles of use or operation of the tire, the metal in contact with the roadway may exceed 5 percent of the tire area in contact with the roadway, but shall in no event exceed 20 percent of the area.
(c) Vehicles operated upon unimproved roadways when necessary in the construction or repair of highways.
(d) Traction engines or tractors when operated under the conditions of a permit first obtained from the Department of Transportation.
(e) (1) Pneumatic tires containing metal-type studs of tungsten carbide or other suitable material that are inserted or constructed so that under no condition will the number of studs or the percentage of metal in contact with the roadway exceed 3 percent of the total tire area in contact with the roadway, between November 1 and April 30 of each year. A vehicle may be equipped year-round with tires that have studs that retract pneumatically or mechanically when not in use, if the studs are retracted between May 1 and October 31 of each year. A tire on a vehicle shall not be worn to a point at which the studs protrude beyond the tire tread when retracted.
(2) The commissioner, after consultation with the Department of Transportation, may extend the period during which the studded pneumatic tires may be used with studs deployed or inserted in areas of the state for the protection of the public because of adverse weather conditions.
(f) Pneumatic tires used on an authorized emergency vehicle, as defined in Section 165, containing metal-type studs of tungsten carbide or other suitable material, if the studs are inserted or constructed so that under no conditions will the number of studs or the percentage of metal in contact with the roadway exceed 3 percent of the total tire area in contact with the roadway. Notwithstanding subdivision (e), authorized emergency vehicles are permitted the unrestricted use of studded pneumatic tires throughout the year.
(Amended by Stats. 2008, Ch. 220, Sec. 1. Effective January 1, 2009.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 12 - EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES › CHAPTER 5 - Other Equipment › ARTICLE 4 - Tires › Section 27455.

27455. (a) On and after January 1, 1975, no person shall sell or offer for sale an inner tube for use in a radial tire unless, at the time of manufacture, the tube valve stem is colored red or is distinctly marked in accordance with rules and regulations adopted by the department, taking into consideration the recommendations of manufacturers of inner tubes.
(b) No person shall install an inner tube in a radial tire unless the inner tube is designed for use in a radial tire.
(Added by Stats. 1973, Ch. 741.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 12 - EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES › CHAPTER 5 - Other Equipment › ARTICLE 4 - Tires › Section 27459.

27459. No person shall operate any motor vehicle, trailer or semitrailer upon any portion of a highway without tire traction devices when that portion of the highway is signed for the requirement of tire traction devices. In any case where a passenger vehicle or motortruck having an unladen weight of 6,000 pounds or less may be required by the Department of Transportation or local authorities to be equipped with tire traction devices, the devices shall be placed on at least two drive wheels, or the department or local authorities may provide, in the alternative, that the vehicle may be equipped with snow-tread tires on at least two drive wheels when the weather and surface conditions at the time are such that the stopping, tractive, and cornering abilities of the snow-tread tires are adequate. The snow-tread tires shall be of a type and design manufactured for use on snow as a replacement for tire chains or tire traction devices, shall be in good condition, and shall bear the marking of M-S, M/S, or other marking indicating that the tire was manufactured for use on snow, or, in the case of tires purchased before January 1, 1987, shall either bear the markings or, in the opinion of the inspecting officer, comply with the tread pattern requirements of Section 558.
(Amended by Stats. 1990, Ch. 71, Sec. 4. Effective May 1, 1990.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 12 - EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES › CHAPTER 5 - Other Equipment › ARTICLE 4 - Tires › Section 27459.5.

27459.5. (a) No person shall sell, offer for sale, lease, install, or replace on a vehicle for use on a highway, any tire traction devices which are not in compliance with requirements specified in Section 605.
(b) Every manufacturer who sells, offers for sale, or manufactures for use upon a vehicle, tire traction devices subject to the requirements of Section 605 shall, before the device is offered for sale, have laboratory test data showing compliance with those requirements. Tests may be conducted by the manufacturer.
(Added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 71, Sec. 5. Effective May 1, 1990.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 12 - EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES › CHAPTER 5 - Other Equipment › ARTICLE 4 - Tires › Section 27460.

27460. Any passenger vehicle or motortruck having an unladen weight of 6,500 pounds or less and operated and equipped with four-wheel drive and with snow-tread tires on all four drive wheels may be operated upon any portion of a highway without tire traction devices, notwithstanding the fact that the highway is signed for the requirement of those devices and provided that tire traction devices for at least one set of drive wheels are carried in or upon the vehicle. The snow-tread tires shall meet the requirements specified in Section 27459, and the vehicle shall not, when so operated, tow another vehicle except as may be necessary to move a disabled vehicle from the roadway.
No person shall use those tires on four-wheel drive vehicles in place of tire traction devices whenever weather and roadway conditions at the time are such that the stopping, tractive, and cornering abilities of the tires are not adequate or whenever the Department of Transportation or local authorities, in their respective jurisdictions, place signs prohibiting their operation unless equipped with tire traction devices.
(Amended by Stats. 1990, Ch. 71, Sec. 7. Effective May 1, 1990.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 12 - EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES › CHAPTER 5 - Other Equipment › ARTICLE 4 - Tires › Section 27460.5.

27460.5. No person shall knowingly sell or offer or expose for sale any motor vehicle tire except a commercial vehicle tire, or any motor vehicle equipped with any tire except a commercial vehicle tire, which has been recut or regrooved. For purposes of this section a recut or regrooved tire is an unretreaded or unrecapped tire into which new grooves have been cut or burned.
(Added by Stats. 1965, Ch. 1518.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 12 - EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES › CHAPTER 5 - Other Equipment › ARTICLE 4 - Tires › Section 27461.

27461. No person shall cause or permit the operation of and no driver shall knowingly operate any motor vehicle except a commercial vehicle, on any street or highway, which is equipped with one or more recut or regrooved tires. For purposes of this section a recut or regrooved tire is an unretreaded or unrecapped tire into which new grooves have been cut or burned.
(Added by Stats. 1965, Ch. 1518.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 12 - EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES › CHAPTER 5 - Other Equipment › ARTICLE 4 - Tires › Section 27465.

27465. (a) No dealer or person holding a retail seller’s permit shall sell, offer for sale, expose for sale, or install on a vehicle axle for use on a highway, a pneumatic tire when the tire has less than the tread depth specified in subdivision (b). This subdivision does not apply to any person who installs on a vehicle, as part of an emergency service rendered to a disabled vehicle upon a highway, a spare tire with which the disabled vehicle was equipped.
(b) No person shall use on a highway a pneumatic tire on a vehicle axle when the tire has less than the following tread depth, except when temporarily installed on a disabled vehicle as specified in subdivision (a):
(1) One thirty-second (
1
/
32
) of an inch tread depth in any two adjacent grooves at any location of the tire, except as provided in paragraphs (2) and (3).
(2) Four thirty-second (
4
/
32
) of an inch tread depth at all points in all major grooves on a tire on the steering axle of any motor vehicle specified in Section 34500, and two thirty-second (
2
/
32
) of an inch tread depth at all points in all major grooves on all other tires on the axles of these vehicles.
(3) Six thirty-second (
6
/
32
) of an inch tread depth at all points in all major grooves on snow tires used in lieu of tire traction devices in posted tire traction device control areas.
(c) The measurement of tread depth shall not be made where tie bars, humps, or fillets are located.
(d) The requirements of this section shall not apply to implements of husbandry.
(e) The department, if it determines that such action is appropriate and in keeping with reasonable safety requirements, may adopt regulations establishing more stringent tread depth requirements than those specified in this section for those vehicles defined in Sections 322 and 545, and may adopt regulations establishing tread depth requirements different from those specified in this section for those vehicles listed in Section 34500.
(Amended by Stats. 1990, Ch. 71, Sec. 8. Effective May 1, 1990.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 12 - EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES › CHAPTER 5 - Other Equipment › ARTICLE 4 - Tires › Section 27470.

27470. (a) A nonpneumatic tire shall comply with the standards contained in Part 571 of Title 49 of the Code of Federal Regulations.
(b) A nonpneumatic tire shall be considered a pneumatic tire for purposes of Sections 27454, 27459, 27459.5, 27460, 27460.5, 27461, 27465, and 27502.
(c) The department may adopt regulations relating to standards for nonpneumatic tires for a vehicle type as it determines necessary to provide for public safety.
(1) A person shall not install or use on a highway a nonpneumatic tire that is not in conformance with the regulations adopted pursuant to this subdivision.
(2) In adopting regulations, the department shall consider Part 571 of Title 49 of the Code of Federal Regulations and guidance issued by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.
(d) For purposes of this section, “nonpneumatic tire” has the same meaning as defined in Section 571.129 of Title 49 of the Code of Federal Regulations.
(Added by Stats. 2023, Ch. 219, Sec. 5. (SB 891) Effective January 1, 2024.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 12 - EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES › CHAPTER 5 - Other Equipment › ARTICLE 4 - Tires › Section 27500.

27500. (a) The department may adopt regulations relating to standards for pneumatic tires of a vehicle type as it determines necessary to provide for public safety.
(b) In adopting these regulations, the department shall consider as evidence of generally accepted standards, the rules and regulations which have been adopted by the Federal Highway Administration and Rubber Manufacturers Assocation.
(Amended by Stats. 1970, Ch. 216.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 12 - EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES › CHAPTER 5 - Other Equipment › ARTICLE 4 - Tires › Section 27501.

27501. (a) No dealer or person holding a retail seller’s permit shall sell, offer for sale, expose for sale, or install on a vehicle for use on a highway, a pneumatic tire which is not in compliance with regulations adopted pursuant to Section 27500. This subdivision shall not apply to any person who installs on a vehicle, as part of an emergency service rendered to a vehicle upon a highway, a spare tire with which such disabled vehicle was equipped.
(b) No person shall use on a highway a pneumatic tire which is not in conformance with such regulations.
(Amended by Stats. 1976, Ch. 70.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 12 - EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES › CHAPTER 5 - Other Equipment › ARTICLE 4 - Tires › Section 27502.

27502. No dealer or person holding a retail seller’s permit shall sell, offer for sale, expose for sale, or install on a vehicle for use on a highway, a tire which is not in compliance with regulations adopted pursuant to Section 27503.
(Added by Stats. 1971, Ch. 1197. Operative, by Sec. 3 of Ch. 1197, on operative date of regulations adopted pursuant to Section 27503.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 12 - EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES › CHAPTER 5 - Other Equipment › ARTICLE 4 - Tires › Section 27503.

27503. (a) The commissioner, after public hearings, shall adopt regulations setting noise standards for pneumatic tires. Such standards shall be the lowest level of noise consistent with economic and technological feasibility and with public safety as stated in the regulations adopted pursuant to Section 27500. Such standards may be adopted for each tire-vehicle type combination. The regulations may require the manufacturer to prove to the commissioner that the tire meets the standards, subject to such inspection as the commissioner prescribes. The regulations shall be filed with the Legislature eight months after the federal study on tire noise is available, and shall become operative one year after such filing.
(b) It is the intent of the Legislature in enacting this section that the commissioner shall consider recommendations of the United States Department of Transportation before developing independent standards for tire noise.
(Added by Stats. 1971, Ch. 1197.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 12 - EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES › CHAPTER 5 - Other Equipment › ARTICLE 5 - Fenders, Ornaments, and Television › Section 27600.

27600. No person shall operate any motor vehicle having three or more wheels, any trailer, or semitrailer unless equipped with fenders, covers, or devices, including flaps or splash aprons, or unless the body of the vehicle or attachments thereto afford adequate protection to effectively minimize the spray or splash of water or mud to the rear of the vehicle and all such equipment or such body or attachments thereto shall be at least as wide as the tire tread. This section does not apply to those vehicles exempt from registration, trailers and semitrailers having an unladen weight of under 1,500 pounds, or any vehicles manufactured and first registered prior to January 1, 1971, having an unladen weight of under 1,500 pounds.
(Amended by Stats. 1970, Ch. 215.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 12 - EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES › CHAPTER 5 - Other Equipment › ARTICLE 5 - Fenders, Ornaments, and Television › Section 27603.

27603. When a motor vehicle formerly used as a schoolbus is sold to any person and is used exclusively for purposes other than the transportation of pupils pursuant to Article 3 (commencing with Section 39830) of Chapter 5 of Part 23 of the Education Code, it shall be painted by the purchaser a color different than that prescribed by the Department of the California Highway Patrol for schoolbuses before it is operated on any street or highway other than to have the vehicle painted or moved to a place of storage.
The provisions of this section shall not apply where the ownership of a schoolbus is transferred to a nonprofit organization under a contractual arrangement under which the ownership is required to be retransferred to the original owner within 90 days of the date of the original transfer.
(Amended by Stats. 1980, Ch. 676, Sec. 314.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 12 - EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES › CHAPTER 5 - Other Equipment › ARTICLE 5 - Fenders, Ornaments, and Television › Section 27604.

27604. (a) When a motor vehicle, painted, as required by Section 40800, and formerly used in the enforcement of the provisions of Division 10 (commencing with Section 20000) or 11 (commencing with Section 21000), is sold to any person and is used for purposes other than law enforcement, the vehicle shall be painted or partially painted by the seller or agency formerly using such vehicle so that it will no longer resemble a vehicle complying with Section 40800 and any insignia or other marking of the vehicle identifying it as a traffic law enforcement vehicle shall be removed by the seller or agency formerly using such vehicle before it shall be operated on any street or highway, other than to have the vehicle moved to be painted or to a place of storage.
(b) This section shall not apply to former law enforcement vehicles, without insignia, which are painted one solid color, or which are used exclusively for movie or television production and display signs stating “movie car” prominently on the doors, or which are motorcycles, as defined in Section 400, without insignia.
(c) This section shall not apply to a vehicle, if all of the following conditions are satisfied:
(1) The vehicle is possessed by a federal, state, or local historical society or museum that is open to the public.
(2) The vehicle is secured from unauthorized operation.
(3) The vehicle is not operated on any public road or highway, unless one of the following applies:
(A) The vehicle is being operated within a temporary street closure for the purposes of celebrations, parades, local special events, and other purposes when the operation is approved by local authorities having jurisdiction over the street closure.
(B) The vehicle is of a model year of at least twenty-five years prior to the year of operation.
(Amended by Stats. 2019, Ch. 260, Sec. 1. (AB 309) Effective January 1, 2020.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 12 - EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES › CHAPTER 5 - Other Equipment › ARTICLE 5 - Fenders, Ornaments, and Television › Section 27605.

27605. (a) No person shall own or operate a motor vehicle painted in the manner described in Section 40800 to resemble a motor vehicle used by a peace officer or traffic officer on duty for the primary purpose of enforcing the provisions of Division 10 (commencing with Section 20000) or Division 11 (commencing with Section 21000) pursuant to Section 40800.
(b) This section shall not apply to vehicles which are painted one solid color or to vehicles first registered on or before January 1, 1979. These provisions shall not apply to vehicles that are any of the following:
(1) Owned by vehicle manufacturers or dealers.
(2) Used by law enforcement agencies in the enforcement of the provisions of Division 10 (commencing with Section 20000) or Division 11 (commencing with Section 21000).
(3) Owned by persons or companies who use the vehicles exclusively for movie or television production and display signs stating “movie car” prominently on the doors.
(4) Owned by persons or companies who use the vehicles exclusively for funeral escort purposes.
(5) Motorcycles, as defined in Section 400, without insignia.
(c) This section shall not apply to a vehicle, if all of the following conditions are satisfied:
(1) The vehicle is possessed by a federal, state, or local historical society or museum that is open to the public.
(2) The vehicle is secured from unauthorized operation.
(3) The vehicle is not operated on any public road or highway, unless one of the following applies:
(A) The vehicle is being operated within a temporary street closure for the purposes of celebrations, parades, local special events, and other purposes when the operation is approved by local authorities having jurisdiction over the street closure.
(B) The vehicle is of a model year of at least twenty-five years prior to the year of operation.
(Amended by Stats. 2019, Ch. 260, Sec. 2. (AB 309) Effective January 1, 2020.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 12 - EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES › CHAPTER 5 - Other Equipment › ARTICLE 5 - Fenders, Ornaments, and Television › Section 27606.

27606. (a) No person shall own or operate a motor vehicle which is equipped with a light bar, or facsimile thereof, to resemble a motor vehicle used by a peace officer or traffic officer while on duty within that jurisdiction for the primary purpose of enforcing Division 10 (commencing with Section 20000) or Division 11 (commencing with Section 21000) pursuant to Section 40800.
(b) For purposes of this section the following definitions apply:
(1) A “light bar” means any light or device affixed to or mounted upon the roof of a vehicle and extending the width of the roof, or a substantial portion thereof, which emits amber, red, or blue, or any combination of those lights.
(2) A “facsimile of a light bar” is any device designed or contrived to resemble a light bar regardless of the degree of light emission or lack thereof.
(c) This section shall not apply to a vehicle, if all of the following conditions are satisfied:
(1) The vehicle is possessed by a federal, state, or local historical society or museum that is open to the public.
(2) The vehicle is secured from unauthorized operation.
(3) The vehicle is not operated on any public road or highway, unless one of the following applies:
(A) The vehicle is being operated within a temporary street closure for the purposes of celebrations, parades, local special events, and other purposes when the operation is approved by local authorities having jurisdiction over the street closure.
(B) The vehicle is of a model year of at least twenty-five years prior to the year of operation.
(Amended by Stats. 2019, Ch. 260, Sec. 3. (AB 309) Effective January 1, 2020.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 12 - EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES › CHAPTER 5 - Other Equipment › ARTICLE 5 - Fenders, Ornaments, and Television › Section 27607.

27607. (a) Section 27606 does not apply to vehicles owned or used by persons licensed pursuant to Article 3.1 (commencing with Section 7540) or Article 3.2 (commencing with Section 7544) of Chapter 11.5 of, or Chapter 11.6 (commencing with Section 7590) of, Division 3 of the Business and Professions Code in the performance of their duties under those provisions.
(b) This section does not authorize those persons described in subdivision (a) to equip a vehicle with a light bar if prohibited by other provisions of existing law or regulation.
(Added by Stats. 1986, Ch. 759, Sec. 2.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 12 - EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES › CHAPTER 5 - Other Equipment › ARTICLE 6 - Tow Trucks › Section 27700.

27700. (a) Tow trucks shall be equipped with and carry all of the following:
(1) One or more brooms, and the driver of the tow truck engaged to remove a disabled vehicle from the scene of an accident shall remove all glass and debris deposited upon the roadway by the disabled vehicle which is to be towed.
(2) One or more shovels, and whenever practical the tow truck driver engaged to remove any disabled vehicle shall spread dirt upon that portion of the roadway where oil or grease has been deposited by the disabled vehicle.
(3) One or more fire extinguishers of the dry chemical or carbon dioxide type with an aggregate rating of at least 4-B, C units and bearing the approval of a laboratory nationally recognized as properly equipped to make the approval.
(b) A person licensed as a repossession agency pursuant to Chapter 11 (commencing with Section 7500) of Division 3 of the Business and Professions Code is exempt from this section.
(Amended by Stats. 1988, Ch. 924, Sec. 17.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 12 - EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES › CHAPTER 5 - Other Equipment › ARTICLE 7 - Motorcycles › Section 27800.

27800. It is unlawful for a driver of a motorcycle or a motorized bicycle to carry any other person thereon, except on a seat securely fastened to the machine at the rear of the driver and provided with footrests, or in a sidecar attached to a motorcycle and designed for the purpose of carrying a passenger. Every passenger on a motorcycle or a motorized bicycle shall keep his feet on the footrests while such vehicle is in motion.
(Amended by Stats. 1978, Ch. 421.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 12 - EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES › CHAPTER 5 - Other Equipment › ARTICLE 7 - Motorcycles › Section 27801.

27801. A person shall not drive a two-wheel motorcycle that is equipped with either of the following:
(a) A seat so positioned that the driver, when sitting astride the seat, cannot reach the ground with his or her feet.
(b) Handlebars so positioned that the hands of the driver, when upon the grips, are more than six inches above his or her shoulder height when sitting astride the seat.
(Amended by Stats. 2004, Ch. 280, Sec. 1. Effective January 1, 2005.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 12 - EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES › CHAPTER 5 - Other Equipment › ARTICLE 7 - Motorcycles › Section 27802.

27802. (a) The department may adopt reasonable regulations establishing specifications and standards for safety helmets offered for sale, or sold, for use by drivers and passengers of motorcycles and motorized bicycles as it determines are necessary for the safety of those drivers and passengers. The regulations shall include, but are not limited to, the requirements imposed by Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 218 (49 C.F.R. Sec. 571.218) and may include compliance with that federal standard by incorporation of its requirements by reference. Each helmet sold or offered for sale for use by drivers and passengers of motorcycles and motorized bicycles shall be conspicuously labeled in accordance with the federal standard which shall constitute the manufacturer’s certification that the helmet conforms to the applicable federal motor vehicle safety standards.
(b) No person shall sell, or offer for sale, for use by a driver or passenger of a motorcycle or motorized bicycle any safety helmet which is not of a type meeting requirements established by the department.
(Amended by Stats. 1985, Ch. 163, Sec. 1.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 12 - EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES › CHAPTER 5 - Other Equipment › ARTICLE 7 - Motorcycles › Section 27803.

27803. (a) A driver and any passenger shall wear a safety helmet meeting requirements established pursuant to Section 27802 when riding on a motorcycle, motor-driven cycle, or motorized bicycle.
(b) It is unlawful to operate a motorcycle, motor-driven cycle, or motorized bicycle if the driver or any passenger is not wearing a safety helmet as required by subdivision (a).
(c) It is unlawful to ride as a passenger on a motorcycle, motor-driven cycles, or motorized bicycle if the driver or any passenger is not wearing a safety helmet as required by subdivision (a).
(d) This section applies to persons who are riding on motorcycles, motor-driven cycles, or motorized bicycles operated on the highways.
(e) For the purposes of this section, “wear a safety helmet” or “wearing a safety helmet” means having a safety helmet meeting the requirements of Section 27802 on the person’s head that is fastened with the helmet straps and that is of a size that fits the wearing person’s head securely without excessive lateral or vertical movement.
(f) This section does not apply to a person operating, or riding as a passenger in, a fully enclosed three-wheeled motor vehicle that is not less than seven feet in length and not less than four feet in width, and has an unladen weight of 900 pounds or more, if the vehicle meets or exceeds all of the requirements of this code, the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards, and the rules and regulations adopted by the United States Department of Transportation and the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.
(g) In enacting this section, it is the intent of the Legislature to ensure that all persons are provided with an additional safety benefit while operating or riding a motorcycle, motor-driven cycle, or motorized bicycle.
(Amended by Stats. 1997, Ch. 710, Sec. 4. Effective January 1, 1998.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 12 - EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES › CHAPTER 5 - Other Equipment › ARTICLE 8 - Signs › Section 27900.

27900. (a) A motor vehicle or combination of vehicles used to carry the property of others for hire or used to carry passengers for hire, a truck or truck tractor with three or more axles or a truck tractor with a semitrailer, and all commercial motor vehicles, as defined in subdivision (c) of Section 34601, shall have displayed on both sides of each vehicle or on both sides of one of the vehicles in each combination of vehicles the name or trademark of the person under whose authority the vehicle or combination of vehicles is being operated.
(b) The name or trademark of the motor carrier operating a vehicle or combination of vehicles listed in subdivision (a) under a rental agreement with a term of not more than 30 calendar days is not required to be displayed if all of the following requirements are met:
(1) The name or trademark of the lessor is displayed on both sides of each vehicle or on both sides of one of the vehicles in each combination of vehicles.
(2) Any of the following numbers issued to the lessor are displayed on both sides of each vehicle or on both sides of one of the vehicles in each combination of vehicles:
(A) The carrier identification number issued by the United States Department of Transportation.
(B) A valid operating authority number.
(C) A valid motor carrier of property number.
(3) (A) A copy of the rental agreement entered into by the lessor and the vehicle operator is in the vehicle or combination of vehicles.
(B) The rental agreement shall be available for inspection immediately upon the request of an authorized employee of the department, any regularly employed and salaried police officer or deputy sheriff, or any reserve police officer or reserve deputy sheriff listed in Section 830.6 of the Penal Code.
(C) If the rented vehicle or combination of vehicles is operated in conjunction with a commercial enterprise, the rental agreement shall include the operator’s carrier identification number or motor carrier of property permit number.
(c) A vehicle or combination of vehicles that is in compliance with Section 390.21 of Title 49 of the Code of Federal Regulations shall be deemed to be in compliance with subdivision (b).
(d) All names, trademarks, and other identifiers for companies no longer in business, no longer operating with the same name, or no longer operating under the same operating authority, shall be removed from or covered over on every motor vehicle or combination of vehicles listed in subdivision (a), within 60 days from the change of company ownership or operation. Those vehicles or combinations of vehicles shall be remarked pursuant to subdivision (a) before they may be operated on the highways.
(Amended by Stats. 2021, Ch. 311, Sec. 8. (SB 814) Effective January 1, 2022.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 12 - EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES › CHAPTER 5 - Other Equipment › ARTICLE 8 - Signs › Section 27901.

27901. The display of the name or trademark shall be in letters in sharp contrast to the background and shall be of such size, shape, and color as to be readily legible during daylight hours from a distance of 50 feet.
This section does not prohibit additional displays not inconsistent with this article.
(Enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 12 - EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES › CHAPTER 5 - Other Equipment › ARTICLE 8 - Signs › Section 27902.

27902. Section 27900 does not apply to any motor vehicle having an unladen weight of 6,000 pounds or less or to any vehicle towed by such motor vehicles, or to any motor vehicle operating under manufacturers, dealers, or transporters special plates, or to any motor vehicle operated by a passenger stage corporation subject to the jurisdiction of the Public Utilities Commission.
(Amended by Stats. 1963, Ch. 1021.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 12 - EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES › CHAPTER 5 - Other Equipment › ARTICLE 8 - Signs › Section 27903.

27903. (a) A vehicle transporting an explosive, blasting agent, flammable liquid, flammable solid, oxidizing material, corrosive, compressed gas, poison, radioactive material, or other hazardous materials, of the type and in quantities that require the display of placards or markings on the vehicle exterior by the United States Department of Transportation pursuant to Parts 172, 173, and 177 of Title 49 of the Code of Federal Regulations shall display those placards and markings in the manner and under conditions prescribed by those regulations.
(b) Notwithstanding subdivision (a), a vehicle shall not display hazardous materials placards or markings unless permitted or required by Subparts D and F of Part 172 of Title 49 of the Code of Federal Regulations.
(c) This section does not apply to any of the following:
(1) A vehicle transporting not more than 20 pounds of smokeless powder or not more than five pounds of black sporting powder or any combination thereof.
(2) The operation of a vehicle excepted by subdivision (b) of Section 34501.
(Amended by Stats. 2023, Ch. 219, Sec. 6. (SB 891) Effective January 1, 2024.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 12 - EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES › CHAPTER 5 - Other Equipment › ARTICLE 8 - Signs › Section 27904.

27904. There shall be displayed in a conspicuous place on both the right and left sides of a pilot car a sign showing the name of the company which owns or operates the pilot car. The name shall contrast with the background and shall be of a size, shape, and color as to be readily legible during daylight hours from a distance of 50 feet. Additional markings which do not interfere with the legibility of the name may also be displayed.
(Amended by Stats. 1988, Ch. 460, Sec. 2.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 12 - EQUIPMENT OF VEHICLES › CHAPTER 5 - Other Equipment › ARTICLE 8 - Signs › Section 27904.5.

27904.5. Subject to Section 35783.5, a pilot car shall display neat, clean, and legible signs containing the word “OVERSIZE.” The words “OVERSIZE LOAD,” “WIDE LOAD,” or “LONG LOAD” may be substituted as applicable. The sign shall be a minimum of 48 inches above the ground and shall be legible at 45 degrees from either side when read from the front or rear. The sign shall have a bright yellow background with a minimum projected area of 440 square inches. The lettering shall be black with a 1-inch minimum brush stroke width and a 6-inch minimum letter height.
(Added by Stats. 1988, Ch. 460, Sec. 3.)