2023 Colorado Revised Statutes › Title 42 - VEHICLES AND TRAFFIC (§§ 42-1-101 — 42-21-106) › REGULATION OF VEHICLES AND TRAFFIC (§§ 42-4-101 — 42-4-2501) › Article 4 - REGULATION OF VEHICLES AND TRAFFIC (§§ 42-4-101 — 42-4-2501) › Part 4 - DIESEL INSPECTION PROGRAM (§§ 42-4-401 — 42-4-414) › Section 42-4-412 - Air pollution violations

(1)
(a)
A person commits a class A traffic infraction if the person causes or permits the emission into the atmosphere from:
(I)
Any motor vehicle, including a motorcycle, powered by gasoline or any fuel except diesel of any visible air pollutant as defined in section
25-7-103
(1.5), C.R.S.;
(II)
Any diesel-powered motor vehicle, of any visible air pollutant, as defined in section
25-7-103
(1.5), C.R.S., which creates an unreasonable nuisance or danger to the public health, safety, or welfare.
(b)
Violations of this section may be determined by visual observations, including the snap acceleration opacity test, or by test procedures using opacity measurements.
(c)
The provisions of paragraph (a) of this subsection (1) shall not apply to emissions caused by cold engine start-up.
(2)
(a)
The air quality control commission shall determine the minimum emission level of visible air pollutants from diesels which shall be considered to create an unreasonable nuisance or danger to the public health, safety, and welfare. Such minimum emission level shall be based on smoke levels attainable by correctly operated and maintained in-use diesel vehicles, considering altitude and other reasonable factors affecting visible smoke levels. In no case shall such level be less than twenty percent opacity when observed for five seconds or more. On interstate highways, opacity may be observed for ten seconds. Standards for transient conditions with no time limit shall also be established. Not later than December 1, 1979, the division shall develop a training course and qualification test designed to enable peace officers and environmental officers to ascertain violations of such standards without reference to opacity levels and to distinguish between air pollutants as defined in section
25-7-103
(1.5), C.R.S., and steam or water vapor.
(b)
(I)
The Colorado state patrol of the department of public safety shall offer the training course and qualification test.
(II)
(Deleted by amendment, L. 96, p. 1263, § 171, effective August 7, 1996.)
(3)
(a)
This section shall apply only to motor vehicles intended, designed, and manufactured primarily for use in carrying passengers or cargo on roads, streets, and highways.
(b)
Subparagraph (II) of paragraph (a) of subsection (1) of this section shall apply to all areas of the state except the program area, which program area shall be subject to section
42-4-413
.
(4)
(a)
Effective January 1, 1980, the offense of causing air pollution pursuant to this section, upon conviction, is punishable by a fine of twenty-five dollars.
(b)
Subsequent offenses involving the same motor vehicle within one year of a conviction under the provisions of paragraph (a) of this subsection (4), upon conviction, shall be punishable by a fine of one hundred dollars.
(c)
Any owner who receives a citation under the provisions of this section may continue to use the vehicle for which the offense is alleged, without restriction, until such owner's conviction.
(d)
Any fines collected pursuant to the provisions of this subsection (4) shall be divided in equal amounts and transmitted to the treasurer of the local jurisdiction in whose name the penalty was assessed and to the state treasurer for credit to the general fund.
Amended by 2021 Ch. 462, § 727, eff. 3/1/2022.
L. 94: Entire title amended with relocations, p. 2322, § 1, effective 1/1/1995. L. 95: (1)(a) amended, p. 955, § 12, effective May 25. L. 96: (2) amended, p. 1263, § 171, effective August 7. L. 2002: IP(1)(a) amended, p. 1561, § 366, effective October 1. L. 2003: (1)(b) and (4)(c) amended, p. 1025, § 5, effective August 6. L. 2009: (3)(b) amended, (SB 09-003), ch. 1720, p. 1720, § 5, effective June 1. L. 2021: IP(1)(a) amended, (SB 21-271), ch. 3304, p. 3304, § 727, effective 3/1/2022.
(1) This section is similar to former § 18-13-110 as it existed prior to 1994.
(2) Section 803(2) of chapter 462 (SB 21-271), Session Laws of Colorado 2021, provides that the act changing this section applies to offenses committed on or after March 1, 2022.
2021 Ch. 462, was passed without a safety clause. See Colo. Const. art. V, § 1(3).
For the legislative declaration contained in the 1996 act amending subsection (2), see section 1 of chapter 237, Session Laws of Colorado 1996. For the legislative declaration contained in the 2002 act amending the introductory portion to subsection (1)(a), see section 1 of chapter 318, Session Laws of Colorado 2002.