reglab/statecodes huggingface dataset:
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 54 - Criminal Procedure › Chapter 959 - Court Jurisdiction and Power › Section 54-36e. - Firearms and ammunition to be turned over to state police. Sale at public auction.

(a) Except as provided in sections 26-85 and 26-90, firearms and ammunition, adjudged by the court to be contraband pursuant to subsection (c) of section 54-36a, or adjudicated a nuisance pursuant to section 54-33g, shall be turned over to the Bureau of Identification of the Connecticut Division of State Police within the Department of Emergency Services and Public Protection for destruction or appropriate use or disposal by sale at public auction.
(b) Firearms and ammunition turned over to the state police pursuant to subsection (a) of this section which are not destroyed or retained for appropriate use shall be sold at public auctions, conducted by the Commissioner of Administrative Services or said commissioner's designee. Pistols and revolvers, as defined in section 53a-3, which are antiques, as defined in section 29-33, or curios or relics, as defined in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 27, Chapter 1, Part 178, or modern pistols and revolvers which have a current retail value of one hundred dollars or more may be sold at such public auctions, provided such pistols and revolvers shall be sold only to persons who have a valid permit to sell a pistol or revolver, or a valid permit to carry a pistol or revolver, issued pursuant to section 29-28. Rifles and shotguns, as defined in section 53a-3, shall be sold only to persons qualified under federal law to purchase such rifles and shotguns and who have a valid long gun eligibility certificate issued pursuant to section 29-37p. The proceeds of any such sale shall be paid to the State Treasurer and deposited by the State Treasurer in the forfeit firearms account within the General Fund.
(P.A. 76-77, S. 5; P.A. 77-614, S. 486, 610; P.A. 85-263, S. 4; P.A. 87-257; P.A. 00-192, S. 42, 102; P.A. 11-51, S. 134; P.A. 13-3, S. 9, 39.)
History: P.A. 77-614 made state police department a division within the department of public safety, effective January 1, 1979; P.A. 85-263 added provisions re disposal of firearms at public auction; P.A. 87-257 amended Subsec. (b) to permit more than one annual auction of firearms by deleting restriction that firearms be sold at a public “auction held annually on or before the thirtieth of June”; P.A. 00-192 amended Subsec. (b) to require sale proceeds to be deposited in forfeit firearms account and made technical changes for purposes of gender neutrality, effective July 1, 2000; pursuant to P.A. 11-51, “Department of Public Safety” was changed editorially by the Revisors to “Department of Emergency Services and Public Protection” in Subsec. (a), effective July 1, 2011; P.A. 13-3 amended Subsec. (b) to add requirement that rifles and shotguns only be sold to persons who have a valid long gun eligibility certificate issued pursuant to Sec. 29-37p and make a technical change, effective July 1, 2013, and made section applicable to ammunition adjudged to be contraband or adjudicated a nuisance, effective October 1, 2013.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 54 - Criminal Procedure › Chapter 959 - Court Jurisdiction and Power › Section 54-36f. - Receipt for seized property to be given by law enforcement officials.

Whenever property is seized in connection with a criminal arrest or seized pursuant to a search warrant without an arrest, the law enforcement agency seizing such property shall give a receipt therefor to the person or persons from whom such property was seized or to the person or persons having a possessory interest in the premises from which such property was seized. The receipt, on a form provided for this purpose by the Office of the Chief Court Administrator, shall list with specificity the property seized, be signed by the law enforcement official or officials who seized the property and be given to the person or persons from whose person or premises the property was seized at the time of such seizure or, if the property was seized from premises in the absence of the person or persons having a possessory interest therein, be mailed to such person or persons by registered or certified mail within five days of such seizure.
(P.A. 84-222.)
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 54 - Criminal Procedure › Chapter 959 - Court Jurisdiction and Power › Section 54-36j to 54-36l. - Seizure and forfeiture of motor vehicle used in patronizing a prostitute. Innocent owner defense to forfeiture of motor vehicle used in patronizing a prostitute. Release of motor vehicle seized in connection with arrest for patronizing a prostitute; delivery or return of motor vehicle upon disposition of prosecution.

Sections 54-36j to 54-36l, inclusive, are repealed, effective October 1, 1997.
(P.A. 93-265, S. 3–5; 93-398, S. 1, 2; P.A. 96-180, S. 163, 166; P.A. 97-279, S. 3.)
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 54 - Criminal Procedure › Chapter 959 - Court Jurisdiction and Power › Section 54-36m. - Impoundment of motor vehicle occupied by person arrested for patronizing a prostitute from a motor vehicle.

Section 54-36m is repealed, effective October 1, 2017.
(P.A. 97-279, S. 1; P.A. 17-32, S. 10.)
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 54 - Criminal Procedure › Chapter 959 - Court Jurisdiction and Power › Section 54-36n. - Identification and tracing of seized and recovered firearms and ammunition.

(a) Whenever a law enforcement agency seizes a firearm in connection with a criminal arrest or pursuant to a search warrant without an arrest or otherwise recovers a firearm, such agency shall forthwith take all appropriate steps to identify and trace the history of such firearm.
(b) In complying with the provisions of subsection (a) of this section, a law enforcement agency shall use the National Tracing Center of the Federal Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms. Such law enforcement agency shall immediately transmit to the National Tracing Center, by facsimile or by entering such information on the Connecticut On-Line Law Enforcement Communications Teleprocessing (COLLECT) System when said system becomes available for transmitting such information directly to the National Tracing Center, all information necessary to comply with the provisions of subsection (a) of this section.
(c) The Department of Emergency Services and Public Protection shall take appropriate action to allow the COLLECT System to be used by law enforcement agencies in complying with the provisions of this section.
(d) Whenever a firearm is identified and is determined to have been stolen, the law enforcement agency shall return such firearm, and any ammunition seized or recovered with such firearm that is determined to be stolen, to the rightful owner thereof, provided such owner is not prohibited from possessing such firearm or ammunition and such agency does not need to retain such firearm or ammunition as evidence in a criminal prosecution.
(P.A. 98-129, S. 3; P.A. 11-51, S. 134; P.A. 13-3, S. 41.)
History: Pursuant to P.A. 11-51, “Department of Public Safety” was changed editorially by the Revisors to “Department of Emergency Services and Public Protection” in Subsec. (c), effective July 1, 2011; P.A. 13-3 amended Subsec. (d) to add provision re return of ammunition that is seized or recovered with a firearm that is determined to be stolen and made conforming changes.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 54 - Criminal Procedure › Chapter 959 - Court Jurisdiction and Power › Section 54-37 to 54-39. - Disposition of accused acquitted on ground of insanity. Release of persons confined under order prior to October 1, 1959. Petition for release. Disposition of insane person upon expiration of term.

Sections 54-37 to 54-39, inclusive, are repealed.
(1949 Rev., S. 8749–8751; 1953, S. 3321d, 3322d; 1955, S. 3322d; 1959, P.A. 28, S. 150; 523, S. 1; 1963, P.A. 642, S. 65, 84; February, 1965, P.A. 435, S. 2; 557; 1967, P.A. 261, S. 2; 1971, P.A. 871, S. 129; P.A. 80-146.)
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 54 - Criminal Procedure › Chapter 959a - Wiretapping and Electronic Surveillance › Section 54-41b. - Application for order authorizing interception.

The Chief State's Attorney or the state's attorney for the judicial district in which the interception is to be conducted may make application to a panel of judges for an order authorizing the interception of any wire communication by investigative officers having responsibility for the investigation of offenses as to which the application is made when such interception may provide evidence of the commission of offenses involving gambling, bribery, violations of section 53-395, violations of section 53a-70c, violations of subsection (a) of section 53a-90a, violations of section 53a-192a, violations of section 53a-196, violations of section 21a-277, violations of section 21a-278b, felonious crimes of violence or felonies involving the unlawful use or threatened use of physical force or violence committed with the intent to intimidate or coerce the civilian population or a unit of government.
(1971, P.A. 68, S. 2; P.A. 78-280, S. 1, 127; P.A. 79-179, S. 2; P.A. 82-368, S. 2; P.A. 83-543, S. 2; P.A. 02-97, S. 13; P.A. 15-195, S. 5; June Sp. Sess. P.A. 21-1, S. 158.)
History: P.A. 78-280 substituted “judicial district” for “county”; P.A. 79-179 deleted reference to law enforcement officers; P.A. 82-368 added bribery and violations of Sec. 53-395 (“CORA”) as crimes for which an application can be made for an interception; P.A. 83-543 authorized the chief state's attorney to make application for interception order; P.A. 02-97 added felonies involving the unlawful use or threatened use of physical force or violence committed with the intent to intimidate or coerce the civilian population or a unit of government as crimes for which an application may be made for an interception; P.A. 15-195 added provision re violations of Secs. 53a-70c, 53a-90a(a), 53a-192a and 53a-196; June Sp. Sess. P.A. 21-1 added “violations of section 21a-278b,”, effective July 1, 2021.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 54 - Criminal Procedure › Chapter 959a - Wiretapping and Electronic Surveillance › Section 54-41d. - Issuance of order.

Upon such application the panel of judges, by unanimous vote, may enter an ex parte order authorizing the interception of wire communications within the state of Connecticut, if the panel determines on the basis of the facts submitted by the applicant that there is probable cause to believe that: (1) An individual has committed or is committing an offense enumerated in section 54-41b; (2) particular communications will constitute material evidence that an offense enumerated in section 54-41b has been committed or is being committed or will materially aid in the apprehension of the perpetrator of such offense; (3) such communications are not otherwise privileged; (4) other normal investigative procedures with respect to the offense have been tried and have failed or reasonably appear to be unlikely to succeed if tried or to be too dangerous to employ; (5) the facilities from which, or the place where, the wire communications are to be intercepted are being used, or are about to be used, in connection with the commission of such offense, or are leased to, listed in the name of, or commonly used by such individual; (6) such facilities or places are not those described in section 54-41h; (7) if the facilities from which a wire communication is to be intercepted are public, a special need exists to intercept wire communications over such facilities; (8) the investigative officers to be authorized to intercept the wire communication are qualified by training and experience to execute the interception sought; (9) not more than thirty-four orders authorizing interception have been previously issued by all panels in the calendar year in which the application is made, except that upon a showing of an emergency situation in which the commission of an offense enumerated in section 54-41b may result in imminent peril to public health, safety or welfare, such panel may issue additional orders authorizing interception.
(1971, P.A. 68, S. 4; P.A. 79-179, S. 4; P.A. 82-368, S. 4; P.A. 83-295, S. 11.)
History: P.A. 79-179 removed reference to law enforcement officers in Subdiv. (8); P.A. 82-368 included a provision dealing with the issuance of emergency orders involving danger to public health, safety or welfare; P.A. 83-295 amended Subdiv. (9) by replacing “a violation of” with “the commission of an offense enumerated in”.
Cited. 176 C. 17; 191 C. 360; 194 C. 447; Id., 589; 199 C. 591; 206 C. 90; 210 C. 804; Id., 805. Subdiv. (7) requirement of finding of special need fully satisfied despite absence of written statement. 212 C. 485. Cited. 224 C. 29; Id., 593; 238 C. 253; Id., 692.
Cited. 3 CA 477; 5 CA 207; Id., 634; 7 CA 660; 8 CA 673; 16 CA 245; 33 CA 409; 44 CA 249.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 54 - Criminal Procedure › Chapter 959a - Wiretapping and Electronic Surveillance › Section 54-41f. - Execution of order; progress reports.

Any order entered in accordance with the provisions of this chapter may be executed pursuant to its terms only by the investigative officers expressly authorized therein. The order may be executed according to its terms only during the hours specified therein, and for the period authorized or part thereof. No order may authorize the interception of any wire communication for any period longer than is necessary to achieve the objective of the authorization, nor in any event longer than fifteen days. Whenever an order authorizing an interception is entered in accordance with the provisions of this chapter, the order may require reports to be made to the panel showing what progress has been made toward achievement of the authorized objective and the need for continued interception. Such reports shall be made at such intervals as such panel may require.
(1971, P.A. 68, S. 6; P.A. 79-179, S. 6; P.A. 82-368, S. 6; P.A. 99-215, S. 11.)
History: P.A. 79-179 removed reference to power of law enforcement officers to execute orders; P.A. 82-368 increased from 10 to 15 days the maximum duration of an interception; P.A. 99-215 deleted “which issued the order” after “panel”.
Cited. 191 C. 360; 212 C. 485; 238 C. 692.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 54 - Criminal Procedure › Chapter 959a - Wiretapping and Electronic Surveillance › Section 54-41g. - Extensions of order.

No more than three extensions of an order may be granted by the panel and only upon application for an extension made in accordance with the provisions of section 54-41c, which shall, in addition, contain the results of the interceptions conducted thus far, and findings by the panel as required by the provisions of section 54-41d. The period of any extension shall be no longer than the panel deems necessary to achieve the purposes for which it was granted and in no event longer than fifteen days.
(1971, P.A. 68, S. 7; P.A. 82-368, S. 7; P.A. 99-215, S. 12.)
History: P.A. 82-368 increased from 10 to 15 days the maximum period of an extension; P.A. 99-215 deleted “issuing” before “panel”.
Cited. 191 C. 360; 212 C. 485; 238 C. 692.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 54 - Criminal Procedure › Chapter 959a - Wiretapping and Electronic Surveillance › Section 54-41h. - Privileged wire communications; issuance of order and interception prohibited.

If the facilities from which, or the place where, the wire communications are to be intercepted are being used, or are about to be used, or are leased to, listed in the name of, or commonly used by, a licensed physician, an attorney-at-law or a practicing clergyman, no order shall be issued and no wire communications shall be intercepted over such facilities or in such places. No otherwise privileged wire communications intercepted in accordance with, or in violation of, the provisions of this chapter shall lose their privileged character, nor shall any evidence derived therefrom be used for any purpose.
(1971, P.A. 68, S. 8.)
Cited. 191 C. 360; 212 C. 485; 238 C. 692.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 54 - Criminal Procedure › Chapter 959a - Wiretapping and Electronic Surveillance › Section 54-41i. - Recording of interception; sealing, custody and destruction.

The contents of any wire communication intercepted by any means authorized by this chapter shall, if possible, be recorded on tape or wire or other comparable device. The recording of the contents of any wire communication in accordance with the provisions of this section shall be done in such manner as will protect the recording from editing or other alterations. Immediately upon the expiration of the period of the order, or extensions thereof, such recordings shall be made available to the panel and sealed under its directions and custody of such recordings shall be wherever the panel so directs. They shall not be destroyed except upon an order of the panel and, if not so destroyed, they shall be kept for ten years. Duplicate recordings may be made by the applicant for his use or for disclosure pursuant to the provisions of section 54-41p for investigations. The presence of the seal provided for by this section, or a satisfactory explanation for the absence thereof, shall be a prerequisite for the use or disclosure of the contents of any wire communication or evidence derived therefrom under the provisions of section 54-41p.
(1971, P.A. 68, S. 9; P.A. 99-215, S. 13.)
History: P.A. 99-215 deleted “issuing such order” after “panel” and “issuing or denying” before “panel”.
Cited. 191 C. 360; 212 C. 485; 238 C. 692.
Cited. 8 CA 673; 16 CA 245.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 54 - Criminal Procedure › Chapter 959a - Wiretapping and Electronic Surveillance › Section 54-41j. - Sealing, custody, storage and destruction of applications and orders.

Applications made and orders granted in accordance with the provisions of this chapter shall be sealed by the panel and transferred to the custody of the Chief Court Administrator. Except as otherwise provided, such applications and orders shall be disclosed only upon a showing of good cause to the Chief Court Administrator. Applications and orders shall be stored in a secure place which shall be designated by the Chief Court Administrator to which access shall be denied to all persons except the Chief Court Administrator or such court officers or administrative personnel as he shall designate. Applications and orders shall not be destroyed except upon order of the Chief Court Administrator and if not so destroyed they shall be kept for ten years. Any person who violates any of the provisions of this section may be punished in accordance with the provisions of section 51-33.
(1971, P.A. 68, S. 10; P.A. 76-436, S. 10a, 533, 681; P.A. 99-215, S. 14.)
History: P.A. 76-436 made no changes, Sec. 10a of the act cancelling amendments called for in Sec. 533; P.A. 99-215 deleted “issuing or denying” before “panel”.
Cited. 191 C. 360; 212 C. 485; 238 C. 692.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 54 - Criminal Procedure › Chapter 959a - Wiretapping and Electronic Surveillance › Section 54-41k. - Service of notice of interception; inspection of intercepted communications, applications and orders; postponement of service.

Within a reasonable time but not later than ninety days next succeeding the termination of the period of an order or extensions thereof, the panel may cause to be served on the persons named in the order or the application, and shall cause to be served on persons not named in the order or application whose communications were intercepted, an inventory which shall include notice of the fact of the entry of the order or the application; the date of the entry and the period of authorized interception, or the denial of the application; and the fact that during the period wire communications were or were not intercepted. The panel shall make available to such person or his counsel for inspection the intercepted communications, applications and orders immediately upon the filing of a motion requesting such information. On an ex parte showing of good cause approved unanimously by the panel the serving of the inventory required by this section may be postponed for a period not to exceed sixty days. Not more than one such postponement shall be authorized and under no circumstances shall the serving of the inventory required by this section be made later than one hundred fifty days after the termination of the period of an order or extensions thereof.
(1971, P.A. 68, S. 11; P.A. 82-368, S. 8; P.A. 99-215, S. 15.)
History: P.A. 82-368 gave the panel discretion in ordering the service of an inventory, included persons not named in the order whose communications were intercepted as entitled to any such inventory and extended from 90 to 150 days the maximum period of postponement of such inventory; P.A. 99-215 deleted “issuing or denying” before “panel”.
Cited. 191 C. 360; 212 C. 485; 224 C. 593; 238 C. 692.
Strict compliance with provisions of statute is mandatory. 3 CA 477. Cited. 10 CA 347. Service of inventory requirement discussed. 14 CA 605. Cited. 16 CA 245.
When delivery of document to defendant's attorney deemed adequate service. 30 CS 302.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 54 - Criminal Procedure › Chapter 959a - Wiretapping and Electronic Surveillance › Section 54-41l. - Intercepted communication admissible as evidence, when.

The contents of any intercepted wire communication or evidence derived therefrom shall not be received in evidence or otherwise disclosed in any trial, hearing or other proceeding in a court of this state unless each aggrieved person, not less than thirty days before such trial, hearing or proceeding, has been served with a copy of the court order, and accompanying application, under which the interception was authorized.
(1971, P.A. 68, S. 12.)
Cited. 191 C. 360; 212 C. 485; 238 C. 253; Id., 692.
Notice not required prior to issuance of bench warrant. 30 CS 302.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 54 - Criminal Procedure › Chapter 959a - Wiretapping and Electronic Surveillance › Section 54-41m. - Motion to suppress.

Any aggrieved person in any trial, hearing or proceeding in or before any court, department, officer, agency, regulatory body or other authority of the state of Connecticut, or of a political subdivision thereof, may move to suppress the contents of any intercepted wire communication, or evidence derived therefrom, on the grounds that the communication was unlawfully intercepted under the provisions of this chapter; the order of authorization or approval under which it was intercepted is insufficient on its face; or the interception was not made in conformity with the order of authorization or approval. Such motion shall be made before the trial, hearing or proceeding unless there was no opportunity to make such motion or the person was not aware of the grounds of the motion, in which case such motion may be made at any time during the course of such trial, hearing or proceeding. If the motion is granted, the contents of the intercepted wire communication, or evidence derived therefrom, shall be treated as having been obtained in violation of this chapter and shall not be received in evidence in any such trial, hearing or proceeding. The panel, upon the filing of such motion by the aggrieved person, shall make available to the aggrieved person or his counsel for inspection the intercepted communication and evidence derived therefrom.
(1971, P.A. 68, S. 13.)
Cited. 176 C. 17. Motion to suppress upheld since state's attorney failed to make formal oath or affirmation in connection with application. 180 C. 345. Cited. 191 C. 360; 194 C. 447; 199 C. 591; 212 C. 485; 224 C. 593; 238 C. 692.
Cited. 3 CA 477; 5 CA 634; 7 CA 660; 10 CA 347; 14 CA 605; 27 CA 596; 44 CA 249.
Cited. 30 CS 302.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 54 - Criminal Procedure › Chapter 959a - Wiretapping and Electronic Surveillance › Section 54-41n. - Report by panel to Chief Court Administrator.

In addition to any reports required by federal law, within thirty days next succeeding the expiration of an order or an extension thereof, or the denial of an application, the panel shall report to the Chief Court Administrator the fact that an order or extension was applied for; the fact that the order or extension was granted as applied for, was modified or was denied; the period of interceptions authorized by the order, and the number and duration of any extensions of the order; the offense or offenses specified in the order or application, or extension of an order; the identity of the person making the application and the nature of the facilities from which or the place where communications were to be intercepted.
(1971, P.A. 68, S. 14; P.A. 76-436, S. 10a, 534, 681; P.A. 99-215, S. 16.)
History: P.A. 76-436 made no change, Sec. 10a of the act cancelling amendment called for in Sec. 534; P.A. 99-215 deleted “issuing or denying” before “panel”.
Cited. 191 C. 360; 212 C. 485; 238 C. 692.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 54 - Criminal Procedure › Chapter 959a - Wiretapping and Electronic Surveillance › Section 54-41p. - Disclosure of contents of wire communication. Unauthorized disclosure: Class D felony.

(a) Any investigative officer who, by any means authorized by this chapter, has obtained knowledge of the contents of any wire communication, or evidence derived therefrom, may, if specially authorized by the order authorizing the interception of such communication, disclose such contents to any investigative or law enforcement officer designated in such order to the extent that such disclosure is appropriate to the conduct of the investigation specified in the application for such order.
(b) Any person who has received, by any means authorized by this chapter, any information concerning a wire communication, or evidence derived therefrom, intercepted in accordance with the provisions of this chapter may disclose the contents of that communication or such derivative evidence insofar as it relates to the crimes set forth in section 54-41b while giving testimony under oath or affirmation in any criminal proceeding before any court or grand jury.
(c) If an investigative officer, while engaged in the interception of wire communications in accordance with the provisions of this chapter, intercepts wire communications relating to any crime not specified in the order authorizing such interception, the contents of such intercepted communications and evidence derived therefrom may be disclosed as otherwise provided in subsection (a) of this section.
(d) Any investigative officer who discloses the contents of any intercepted wire communication or evidence derived therefrom (1) to any person not authorized to receive such information or (2) in a manner otherwise than authorized by the provisions of this chapter shall be guilty of a class D felony.
(1971, P.A. 68, S. 16; P.A. 79-179, S. 7; P.A. 82-368, S. 10; P.A. 05-288, S. 184.)
History: P.A. 79-179 removed law enforcement officers' power to disclose contents of wire communication to an investigative officer or to another law enforcement officer; P.A. 82-368 designated previous provisions as Subsecs. (a) and (b) and added Subsecs. (c) and (d) re interception of communications unrelated to crimes specified in the order and re consideration of unauthorized disclosure as a class D felony; P.A. 05-288 made a technical change in Subsec. (c), effective July 13, 2005.
Cited. 191 C. 360; 212 C. 485; 223 C. 906; 224 C. 322; Id., 593; 238 C. 692.
Cited. 27 CA 596.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 54 - Criminal Procedure › Chapter 959a - Wiretapping and Electronic Surveillance › Section 54-41q. - Authority of communication common carrier to intercept, disclose or use wire communication.

(a) It shall not be unlawful under this chapter for an operator of a switchboard, or an officer, employee or agent of any communication common carrier whose facilities are used in the transmission of a wire communication, to intercept, disclose or use that communication in the normal course of his employment while engaged in any activity which is a necessary incident to the rendition of his service or to the protection of the rights or property of the carrier of such communication, provided such communication common carriers shall not utilize service observing or random monitoring except for mechanical or service quality control checks.
(b) It shall not be unlawful under this chapter for an officer, employee or agent of any communications common carrier to provide information or facilities to an investigative officer who, pursuant to this chapter, is authorized to intercept a wire communication.
(1971, P.A. 68, S. 17; P.A. 79-179, S. 8.)
History: P.A. 79-179 authorized officer, employee or agent of communications common carrier to provide information or facilities to investigative officers rather than to law enforcement officers in Subsec. (b).
Cited. 191 C. 360; 212 C. 485.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 54 - Criminal Procedure › Chapter 959a - Wiretapping and Electronic Surveillance › Section 54-41r. - Remedies of party intercepted; defense.

Any person whose wire communication is intercepted, disclosed or used in violation of this chapter or of sections 53a-187 to 53a-189, inclusive, shall (1) have a civil cause of action against any person who intercepts, discloses or uses, or procures any other person to intercept, disclose or use, such communication, and (2) be entitled to recover from any such person actual damages but not less than liquidated damages computed at the rate of one hundred dollars per day for each day of violation or one thousand dollars, whichever is higher; punitive damages; and a reasonable attorney's fee and other litigation costs reasonably incurred. A good faith reliance on a court order shall constitute a complete defense to any civil or criminal action brought in accordance with the provisions of this chapter or any other law.
(1971, P.A. 68, S. 18.)
Cited. 191 C. 360; 212 C. 485; 224 C. 593.
Cited. 3 CA 477; 14 CA 605.
Cited. 30 CS 302.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 54 - Criminal Procedure › Chapter 959a - Wiretapping and Electronic Surveillance › Section 54-41s. - Illegal possession, sale, distribution of equipment: Class D felony.

A person is guilty of the illegal possession, sale or distribution of electronic surveillance equipment when he possesses, sells or distributes an electronic, mechanical or other device, as defined in section 54-41a for use in violation of section 53a-188 or 53a-189. The illegal possession, sale or distribution of electronic surveillance equipment is a class D felony.
(P.A. 73-639, S. 22.)
Cited. 191 C. 360; 212 C. 485; 224 C. 593.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 54 - Criminal Procedure › Chapter 959a - Wiretapping and Electronic Surveillance › Section 54-41t. - Unauthorized or illegal interception: Class C felony.

Any investigative officer who intercepts the wire communications of any person in violation of the provisions of this chapter shall be guilty of a class C felony.
(P.A. 82-368, S. 11.)
Cited. 191 C. 360; 212 C. 485; 224 C. 593; 238 C. 692.
Cited. 16 CA 245.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 54 - Criminal Procedure › Chapter 959a - Wiretapping and Electronic Surveillance › Section 54-41u. - Admissibility of intercepted wire communication obtained pursuant to federal law.

Nothing in this chapter shall preclude the receipt in evidence in a court of this state of any intercepted wire communication obtained in conformity with 18 USC 2510 et seq.
(P.A. 02-97, S. 14.)
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 54 - Criminal Procedure › Chapter 960 - Information, Procedure and Bail › Section 54-42 to 54-44. - Original information in Superior Court. Bench warrant; procedure on arrest; previous bond in Court of Common Pleas. Admissibility of confession. Informations in cases appealed to Superior Court.

Sections 54-42 to 54-44, inclusive, are repealed.
(1949 Rev., S. 8764–8766; 1963, P.A. 126, S. 2, 3; 1967, P.A. 656, S. 60; 1969, P.A. 803, S. 1; P.A. 73-116, S. 23; 73-667, S. 1, 2; P.A. 76-106, S. 1; 76-436, S. 536, 681; P.A. 77-452, S. 38, 72; 77-576, S. 39, 65; P.A. 80-313, S. 61; 80-483, S. 136, 186.)
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 54 - Criminal Procedure › Chapter 960 - Information, Procedure and Bail › Section 54-45a. - Record of grand jury proceedings. Transcripts.

(a) In any grand jury proceeding ordered pursuant to the provisions of section 54-45, the official stenographer of the Superior Court or his assistant shall make a record of the proceedings excluding the deliberations, which shall be confidential and filed with the court. Access to the transcript shall be available only to the prosecutorial official or any person accused of crime as a result of the grand jury investigation or the accused person's attorney. The prosecutorial official or the person accused of a crime as a result of such grand jury investigation or the accused person's attorney may obtain a copy of the transcript by paying for it.
(b) The transcript of such proceedings may not be used as evidence in any proceeding against the accused except for the purpose of impeaching a witness, attacking the credibility of a witness or proving inconsistent statements of a witness. The transcript may also be used as evidence in a prosecution for perjury committed by a witness while giving such testimony.
(P.A. 78-289, S. 1; P.A. 80-313, S. 4.)
History: P.A. 80-313 divided section into Subsecs. and reworded provisions.
Cited. 177 C. 677; 181 C. 268; 186 C. 476. Availability and use of grand jury transcripts discussed. 187 C. 281. Cited. 193 C. 350; 194 C. 469; Id., 530; 197 C. 698; 198 C. 644; 200 C. 323; 201 C. 534. Statute governs indicting grand juries and expressly prohibits subsequent use of grand jury testimony. 250 C. 188.
Cited. 10 CA 103.
Transcript may not be used to impeach a grand jury finding of a true bill. 36 CS 141. Cited. 42 CS 10; 45 CS 1.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 54 - Criminal Procedure › Chapter 960 - Information, Procedure and Bail › Section 54-47. - Investigations into commission of crime.

Section 54-47 is repealed.
(1949 Rev., S. 8777; 1953, S. 3324d; 1969, P.A. 631, S. 2; 1971, P.A. 860; P.A. 73-116, S. 2; 73-667, S. 1, 2; P.A. 74-183, S. 139, 291; 74-186, S. 2, 12; P.A. 76-436, S. 10a, 538, 681; P.A. 78-280, S. 1, 127; P.A. 80-313, S. 5; P.A. 85-611, S. 9.)
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 54 - Criminal Procedure › Chapter 960 - Information, Procedure and Bail › Section 54-47b. - Investigatory grand jury. Definitions.

For the purposes of sections 54-47a to 54-47h, inclusive:
(1) “Applicant” means any judge of the Superior Court, Appellate Court or Supreme Court, the Chief State's Attorney or a state's attorney who makes an application to a panel of judges for an investigation into the commission of a crime or crimes.
(2) “Crime or crimes” means (A) any crime or crimes involving corruption in the executive, legislative or judicial branch of state government or in the government of any political subdivision of the state, (B) fraud by a vendor of goods or services in the medical assistance program under Title XIX of the Social Security Act Amendments of 1965, as amended, (C) any violation of chapter 949c, (D) any violation of the election laws of the state, (E) any felony involving the unlawful use or threatened use of physical force or violence committed with the intent to intimidate or coerce the civilian population or a unit of government, and (F) any other class A, B or C felony or any unclassified felony punishable by a term of imprisonment in excess of five years for which the Chief State's Attorney or state's attorney demonstrates that he or she has no other means of obtaining sufficient information as to whether a crime has been committed or the identity of the person or persons who may have committed a crime.
(3) “Investigatory grand jury” means a judge, constitutional state referee or any three judges of the Superior Court, other than a judge designated by the Chief Justice to serve on the panel, appointed by the Chief Court Administrator to conduct an investigation into the commission of a crime or crimes.
(4) “Panel of judges” or “panel” means a panel of three Superior Court judges designated by the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court from time to time to receive applications for investigations into the commission of crimes in accordance with the provisions of sections 54-47a to 54-47h, inclusive, one of whom may be the Chief Court Administrator.
(P.A. 85-611, S. 1; P.A. 87-350, S. 1, 6; P.A. 02-97, S. 11.)
History: P.A. 87-350 added any violation of the election laws of the state or any unclassified felony punishable by a term of imprisonment in excess of five years to definition of “crime or crimes”, added “or state's attorney” after “chief states attorney” and added “or the identity of the person or persons who may have committed a crime”; P.A. 02-97 amended definition of “crime or crimes” in Subdiv. (2) by adding new Subpara. (E) re any felony involving the unlawful use or threatened use of physical force or violence committed with the intent to intimidate or coerce the civilian population or a unit of government, redesignating former Subpara. (E) as Subpara. (F) and making a technical change for purposes of gender neutrality.
Cited. 202 C. 541; 204 C. 259; 207 C. 98; 213 C. 66; 221 C. 625.
Cited. 16 CA 679; 17 CA 395; 20 CA 447.
Cited. 45 CS 1.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 54 - Criminal Procedure › Chapter 960 - Information, Procedure and Bail › Section 54-47e. - Sealing of order and application. Summary of scope of investigation. Disclosure.

Any order authorizing the investigation into the commission of a crime or crimes and any application filed with the panel pursuant to section 54-47c or subsection (c) of section 54-47d shall be sealed. The panel shall submit to the Chief Court Administrator a summary of the scope of the investigation, any recommendation as to the court location at which any motions to quash and any contempt proceedings are to be heard and the finding and record of the investigation are to be filed. Such summary shall be public unless the panel determines, by majority vote, that such summary be sealed for purposes of (1) ensuring the public safety of any individual, (2) ensuring that the investigation would not be adversely affected or (3) complying with other provisions of the general statutes or rules of court which prohibit disclosure of such information. Any investigation by the investigatory grand jury shall be conducted in private, provided the panel, by a majority vote, may order the investigation or any portion thereof to be public when such disclosure or order is deemed by the panel to be in the public interest.
(P.A. 85-611, S. 4; P.A. 88-345, S. 2, 3.)
History: P.A. 88-345 deleted former provisions re discretionary disclosure of fact that matter has been referred to the grand jury and added provisions re submission by panel of summary of scope of investigation, recommendation as to court location and disclosure of such summary, effective June 7, 1988, and applicable to findings filed on or after June 7, 1988.
Cited. 202 C. 541; 204 C. 259. Does not apply to disclosure of material accumulated by grand jury investigation convened under authority of repealed Sec. 54-47. 207 C. 98. Cited. 213 C. 66; 221 C. 625. Legislature has vested the grand jury and the panel with discretion to disclose evidence gathered as a result of a grand jury investigation, however section is intended to remove such discretion with respect to the application for investigatory grand jury and the panel's order. 293 C. 247.
Cited. 16 CA 679; 17 CA 395; 20 CA 447. Application for investigatory grand jury and panel's order thereon must be sealed at onset of investigation and remain sealed unless, after investigation and filing of finding and record of investigatory grand jury, a majority of panel deems their disclosure to be in public interest. 104 CA 398; judgment reversed, see 293 C. 247.
Cited. 45 CS 1.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 54 - Criminal Procedure › Chapter 960 - Information, Procedure and Bail › Section 54-47h. - Report.

In January of each year, the panel of judges appointed pursuant to section 54-47b shall report to the Chief Court Administrator, who shall in turn report to the Chief Justice, Governor and General Assembly, the following information with respect to applications made during the preceding calendar year: (1) The number of applications for an investigation into the commission of a crime or crimes filed with the panel; (2) the number of applications approved by the panel; and (3) the number of applications approved for extensions of time or amendments to the order.
(P.A. 85-611, S. 7.)
Cited. 202 C. 541; 204 C. 259; 207 C. 98; 213 C. 66. Appellate review under section must be forwarded on an action brought to the trial court; there was no basis for appeal from determinations of grand jury panel before effective date of P.A. 88-345, i.e. June 7, 1988. 221 C. 625.
Cited. 16 CA 679; 17 CA 395; 20 CA 447.
Cited. 45 CS 1.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 54 - Criminal Procedure › Chapter 960 - Information, Procedure and Bail › Section 54-47i. - Authority of investigation ordered prior to October 1, 1985.

(a) The authority of any judge, state referee or three judges of the Superior Court to conduct an inquiry to determine whether or not there is probable cause to believe that a crime or crimes have been committed, where such inquiry was ordered prior to October 1, 1985, in accordance with section 54-47 of the general statutes, revision of 1958, revised to January 1, 1985, shall continue until the conclusion of such inquiry and a final report has been filed with the court pursuant to said section, and any action taken or caused to be taken by such judge, state referee or three judges of the Superior Court pursuant to such inquiry, otherwise valid, shall be valid notwithstanding that such action was or is taken or caused to be taken on or after October 1, 1985, and any evidence obtained pursuant to such inquiry, otherwise admissible, shall be admissible in any criminal prosecution of a person accused as a result of such inquiry notwithstanding that such evidence was or is obtained on or after October 1, 1985.
(b) The appointment of any judge or referee after October 1, 1985, to replace a judge or referee ordered to conduct an inquiry to determine whether or not probable cause to believe that a crime or crimes have been committed, where such inquiry was ordered prior to October 1, 1985, in accordance with section 54-47 of the general statutes, revised to January 1, 1985, shall not be deemed to create a new inquiry and the authority of such judge so appointed shall continue as provided in subsection (a) of this section.
(P.A. 86-317, S. 1, 2.)
P.A. 85-611 as clarified by P.A. 86-317 did not revoke the authority of or alter the procedures governing investigatory grand juries that had been properly authorized before October 1, 1985. 202 C. 189. Section validates any action taken or evidence obtained on or after October 1, 1985, pursuant to authority contained in former Sec. 54-47; considered to be clarifying. Id., 541. Cited. 207 C. 98; 213 C. 66.
Cited. 45 CS 1.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 54 - Criminal Procedure › Chapter 960 - Information, Procedure and Bail › Section 54-48. - Reward for arrest of capital offender or felon.

When any crime punishable by death or imprisonment for more than one year has been committed, the Governor, upon application of the state's attorney for the judicial district in which it has been committed, may offer, publicly, a reward not exceeding fifty thousand dollars, to the person who gives information leading to the arrest and conviction of the guilty person, or, if such guilty person has fled after conviction of a felony in a court of this state, to the person who gives information leading to the arrest and detention of the convicted felon, whether found within the state or elsewhere, which reward shall be paid to the informer by the state, by order of the court before which such conviction is had.
(1949 Rev., S. 8269; P.A. 73-116, S. 3; 73-667, S. 1, 2; P.A. 77-604, S. 55, 84; P.A. 78-276; 78-280, S. 2, 127; P.A. 97-52.)
History: P.A. 73-116 substituted “Connecticut Correctional Institution, Somers” for “State Prison” and added reference to judicial districts; P.A. 73-667 changed effective date of P.A. 73-116 from October 1, 1973, to April 25, 1973; P.A. 77-604 deleted specific reference to imprisonment at Somers referring instead to imprisonment “for more than one year”; P.A. 78-276 deleted reference to counties (as did P.A. 78-280) and increased maximum amount of reward from $3,000 to $20,000; P.A. 97-52 increased the maximum amount of the reward to $50,000.
Does not recompense one who had wholly performed before the offer was made. 143 C. 462.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 54 - Criminal Procedure › Chapter 960 - Information, Procedure and Bail › Section 54-49. - Reward for information as to high crime or crime resulting in death of police officer or firefighter.

(a) When any high crime has been committed in any municipality, the chief executive officer of such municipality, as described in section 7-193, may offer, publicly, a reward not exceeding two thousand five hundred dollars, to the person who gives information leading to the arrest and conviction of the guilty person; which reward shall be paid to the informer by the municipality, by order of the court before which such conviction is had.
(b) When any crime has been committed in any municipality which results in the death of any police officer or firefighter, the chief executive officer of such municipality, upon the affirmative vote of two-thirds of the legislative body of such municipality, or when the legislative body is the town meeting, at least two-thirds of those present and voting, may offer publicly, a reward not exceeding twenty thousand dollars, to the person who gives information leading to the arrest and conviction of the guilty person, which reward shall be paid to the informer by the municipality, by order of the court before which such conviction is had.
(1949 Rev., S. 8270; P.A. 84-540, S. 5, 7; P.A. 93-425, S. 1.)
History: P.A. 84-540 added Subsec. (b) authorizing the chief executive officer of a municipality in which a crime has been committed which results in the death of a police officer or firefighter, to offer a reward for information leading to arrest and conviction of guilty person; P.A. 93-425 amended Subsec. (a) by deleting “town, its selectmen” and adding “municipality, the chief executive officer of such municipality, as described in section 7-193”, increasing reward from amount not exceeding $200 to $2,500, and deleting “town” and substituting “municipality”.
A high crime is an immoral and unlawful act, nearly allied and equal in guilt to a felony, but not coming strictly within that denomination. 6 C. 417. Construction of section should be equitable; offer of reward not barred until statute of limitations has run against the crime. 39 C. 159. When city has no power to offer reward. 65 C. 300. Cited. 84 C. 374; 86 C. 437.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 54 - Criminal Procedure › Chapter 960 - Information, Procedure and Bail › Section 54-50. - Reward for information as to unlawful disinterment of corpse.

For any violation of the provisions of section 53-334, the Governor, upon application of the selectmen of the town where the offense has been committed, shall, publicly, offer a reward, not exceeding two hundred dollars, for the apprehension of the guilty person; and, if the offender is convicted, such reward shall be paid to the informer by the state, upon order of the court before which the conviction is had.
(1949 Rev., S. 8271.)
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 54 - Criminal Procedure › Chapter 960 - Information, Procedure and Bail › Section 54-51. - Reward for information as to theft of motor vehicle, livestock or poultry.

Section 54-51 is repealed, effective October 1, 2003.
(1949 Rev., S. 8272; P.A. 74-338, S. 55, 94; P.A. 03-9, S. 1.)