2023 Colorado Revised Statutes › Title 32 - SPECIAL DISTRICTS (§§ 32-1-101 — 32-22-117) › SPECIAL DISTRICT ACT (§§ 32-1-101 — 32-1-1807) › Article 1 - SPECIAL DISTRICT PROVISIONS (§§ 32-1-101 — 32-1-1807) › Part 5 - EXCLUSION OF TERRITORY (§§ 32-1-501 — 32-1-503) › Section 32-1-501 - Exclusion of property by fee owners or board - procedure

(1)
The boundaries of a special district, except health service districts, may be altered by the exclusion of real property by the fee owner or owners of one hundred percent of any real property situate in the special district filing with the board a petition requesting that such real property of the fee owner or owners be excluded and taken from the special district. The petition shall set forth a legal description of the property, shall state that assent to the exclusion of the property from the special district is given by the fee owner or owners thereof, and shall be acknowledged by the fee owner or owners in the same manner as required for conveyance of land. The petition shall be accompanied by a deposit of money sufficient to pay all costs of the exclusion proceedings.
(1.5)
(a)
In addition to the procedure specified in subsection (1) of this section, the board, through adoption of a resolution, may alter the boundaries of a fire protection district through the exclusion of real property from the district if the property to be excluded will be provided with the same service by another fire protection district or by a county fire improvement district and the board or governing body of that district has agreed by resolution to include the property into the district immediately after the effective date of the exclusion order.
(b)
(I)
Not more than forty-five days nor less than thirty days prior to a meeting of the board to consider final adoption of a resolution proposing property to be excluded, the secretary of the fire protection district shall send letter notification to the fee owner or owners of one hundred percent of all proposed real property to be excluded from the district as listed on the records of the county assessor on the date requested.
(II)
The letter notification shall indicate that it is a notice of a meeting required to be held pursuant to subsection (2) of this section concerning the exclusion of the property from the district, shall indicate the date, time, and location of the meeting, and shall contain both a reference to the fire protection district or county fire improvement district proposed for inclusion and the current mill levy of the district, if any.
(III)
The mailing of the letter notification to all addresses or post office box addresses within the area proposed to be excluded from the district shall constitute a good-faith effort to comply with this section, and failure to so notify all fee owners shall not provide grounds for a challenge to the meeting being held.
(2)
The board shall hear the petition or resolution at a public meeting after publication of notice of the filing of the petition or preliminary adoption of the resolution, the place, time, and date of the meeting, the names and addresses of the petitioners, if applicable, a general description of the area proposed for exclusion, and notice that all persons interested shall appear at the designated time and place and show cause in writing why the petition should not be granted or the resolution should not be finally adopted. The board may continue the hearing to a subsequent meeting. There shall be no withdrawal from a petition after publication of notice by the board without the consent of the board. The failure of any person in the existing special district to file a written objection shall be taken as an assent on his or her part to the exclusion of the area described in the notice.
(3)
The board shall take into consideration and make a finding regarding all of the following factors when determining whether to grant or deny the petition or to finally adopt the resolution or any portion thereof:
(a)
The best interests of all of the following:
(I)
The property to be excluded;
(II)
The special district from which the exclusion is proposed;
(III)
The county or counties in which the special district is located;
(b)
The relative cost and benefit to the property to be excluded from the provision of the special district's services;
(c)
The ability of the special district to provide economical and sufficient service to both the property to be excluded and all of the properties within the special district's boundaries;
(d)
Whether the special district is able to provide services at a reasonable cost compared with the cost that would be imposed by other entities in the surrounding area to provide similar services in the surrounding area or by the fire protection district or county fire improvement district that has agreed to include the property to be excluded from the special district;
(e)
The effect of denying the petition on employment and other economic conditions in the special district and surrounding area;
(f)
The economic impact on the region and on the special district, surrounding area, and state as a whole if the petition is denied or the resolution is finally adopted;
(g)
Whether an economically feasible alternative service may be available; and
(h)
The additional cost to be levied on other property within the special district if the exclusion is granted.
(4)
(a)
(I)
Except as provided in subparagraph (II) of this paragraph (a) and if the board, after considering all of the factors set forth in subsection (3) of this section, determines that the property described in the petition or resolution or some portion thereof should be excluded from the special district, it shall order that the petition be granted or that the resolution be finally adopted, in whole or in part.
(II)
(A)
If the property to be excluded from the special district will be served by a special district not yet organized, the board shall not order that the petition be granted or that the resolution be finally adopted until the special district has been organized pursuant to part 3 of this article.
(B)
If the property to be excluded from the special district will be served by a fire protection district or county fire improvement district as provided in subsection (1.5) of this section, the board shall not order that the petition be granted or that the resolution be finally adopted until the fire protection district or county fire improvement district has adopted a resolution agreeing to include the property in the district immediately after the effective date of the exclusion order and has filed the resolution with the court.
(C)
Notwithstanding any other provision of this article to the contrary, the property to be excluded may be included within the boundaries of the proposed special district.
(b)
Upon granting the petition or finally adopting the resolution, the board shall file a certified copy of the order of the board excluding the property from the district with the clerk of the court, and, except as provided in paragraph (c) of this subsection (4), the court shall order the property to be excluded from the special district and, if applicable, included into the fire protection district or county fire improvement district that has previously agreed to include the property as provided in subsection (1.5) of this section.
(c)
(I)
If the property to be excluded from the special district will be served by a fire protection district or county fire improvement district that has previously agreed to include the property as provided in subsection (1.5) of this section and that has a higher mill levy than the special district and after the certified copy of the order of the board excluding the property from the district is filed with the clerk of the court, the court shall direct the question of excluding the area from the special district and including it in the fire protection district or county fire improvement district with a higher mill levy to the eligible electors of the area sought to be excluded. The court shall order the secretary to give published notice, as provided in part 2 of article 5 and article
13.5
of title
1
, of the time and place of the election and of the question to be submitted, together with a summary of any conditions attached to the proposed exclusion. The election shall be held within the area sought to be excluded and shall be held and conducted, and the results thereof determined, in the manner provided in article
13.5
of title
1
. The ballot shall be prepared by the designated election official and shall contain the following words:
"Shall the following described area be excluded from the ____________ district, which has a current mill levy of ____________, and become a part of the _____________ district, which has a current mill levy of ____________, and upon the following conditions, if any?
(Insert general description of area) (Insert accurate summary of conditions)
For exclusion from __________ district and inclusion
in __________ district ______
Against exclusion from __________ district _____"
(II)
If a majority of the votes cast at the election pursuant to subsection (4)(c)(I) of this section are in favor of exclusion to become a part of another district and the court determines the election was held in accordance with article
13.5
of title
1
, the court shall enter an order with any conditions so prescribed excluding the area from the special district and including it in the fire protection district or county fire improvement district with a higher mill levy. The validity of the exclusion to become a part of another district may not be questioned directly or indirectly in any suit, action, or proceeding, except as provided in article
11
of title
1
.
(d)
The order of exclusion entered pursuant to paragraph (b) or (c) of this subsection (4) shall recite in the findings a description of any bonded indebtedness in existence immediately preceding the effective date of the order for which the excluded property is liable and the date that the bonded indebtedness is then scheduled to be retired. After July 1, 1993, failure of the order for exclusion to recite the existence and scheduled retirement date of the indebtedness, when due to error or omission by the special district, shall not constitute grounds for correction of the omission of a levy on the excluded property from the assessment roll pursuant to section
39-5-125
, C.R.S.
(5)
(a)
If the board, after considering all of the factors set forth in subsection (3) of this section, determines that the property described in the petition or resolution should not be excluded from the special district, it shall order that the petition be denied or that the resolution be rescinded.
(b)
(I)
Any petition that is denied or resolution that is finally adopted may be appealed to the board of county commissioners of the county in which the special district's petition for organization was filed for review of the board's decision. The appeal shall be taken no later than thirty days after the decision.
(II)
Upon appeal, the board shall consider the factors set forth in subsection (3) of this section and shall make a determination whether to exclude the properties mentioned in the petition or resolution based on the record developed at the hearing before the special district board.
(c)
(I)
Any decision of the board of county commissioners may be appealed for review to the district court of the county which has jurisdiction of the special district pursuant to section
32-1-303
within thirty days of such board's decision.
(II)
On appeal, the court shall review the record developed at the hearing before the special district board and, after considering all of the factors set forth in subsection (3) of this section, shall make a determination whether to exclude the properties mentioned in the petition or resolution.
Amended by 2021 Ch. 133,§10, eff. 9/7/2021.
Amended by 2016 Ch. 210,§83, eff. 6/6/2016.
L. 81: Entire article R&RE, p. 1558, § 1, effective July 1. L. 88: (3) R&RE and (4) and (5) added, pp. 1149, 1150, §§ 1, 2, effective June 11. L. 93: (4)(b) amended, p. 83, § 1, effective March 29. L. 94: (1.5) added and (2), IP(3), (3)(a)(I), (3)(a)(II), (3)(b) to (3)(d), (3)(f), (4), (5)(a), (5)(b), and (5)(c)(II) amended, p. 1347, § 1, effective July 1. L. 96: (1) amended, p. 474, § 13, effective July 1. L. 2016: (4)(c) amended, (SB 16-189), ch. 784, p. 784, § 83, effective June 6. L. 2021: (4)(c)(I) and (4)(c)(II) amended, (SB 21-160), ch. 539, p. 539, § 10, effective September 7.
(1) This section is similar to former § 32-2-122 as it existed prior to 1981.
(2) Section 2 of chapter 237, Session Laws of Colorado 1994, provides that, prior to the inclusion of any property into a fire district with a higher tax rate, an election pursuant to § 20 of article X of the Colorado constitution shall be held.
2021 Ch. 133, was passed without a safety clause. See Colo. Const. art. V, § 1(3).