reglab/statecodes huggingface dataset:
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 5 - OCCUPATIONAL LICENSING AND BUSINESS REGULATIONS › CHAPTER 11 - Consumer Recovery Fund › Section 12201.

12201. (a) Participants shall maintain a corporation under the Nonprofit Mutual Benefit Corporation Law (Part 3 (commencing with Section 7110) of Division 2 of Title 1 of the Corporations Code) that shall operate under the name “Consumer Motor Vehicle Recovery Corporation.”
(b) The purpose of the Consumer Motor Vehicle Recovery Corporation is to provide payments to consumers on eligible claims subject to the requirements and limitations set forth in this chapter.
(c) A participant may not charge or collect from a consumer a separate fee or charge to recoup the fee paid by the participant pursuant to Section 4456.3.
(d) The State of California and its officers, agents, or employees shall not be liable for any act or omission of the recovery corporation or its directors, officers, agents, or employees.
(Added by Stats. 2007, Ch. 437, Sec. 6. Effective January 1, 2008.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 5 - OCCUPATIONAL LICENSING AND BUSINESS REGULATIONS › CHAPTER 11 - Consumer Recovery Fund › Section 12202.

12202. (a) The recovery corporation shall have a board of directors composed of six directors, as follows:
(1) One public consumer representative member appointed by the Director of Consumer Affairs who shall serve until the appointment is revoked, another appointment is made, or until the appointed director resigns. The consumer representative shall be either of the following:
(A) A current or former prosecutor with at least two years of direct experience in the civil or criminal enforcement of consumer protection laws, including laws prohibiting deceptive advertising and unlawful and fraudulent practices.
(B) A current or former employee of a government agency who has at least two years of direct experience in one of the following:
(i) The investigation, mediation, and resolution of consumer complaints.
(ii) Providing counseling, information, education, or referral services to consumers.
(iii) Administering a consumer protection program that provides any of the services described in clause (i) or (ii).
(2)  A representative of the Attorney General, who shall serve as an ex officio, nonvoting member.
(3) One member of the general public appointed by the Senate Committee on Rules to a two-year term.
(4) One member of the general public appointed by the Speaker of the Assembly to a two-year term, except that the initial appointment to the board of directors shall be for a one-year term.
(5) Two participants, who shall be appointed by the Governor for two-year terms, except that the initial term of the position of one of the participant directors shall be for a one-year term.
(b) A person is eligible to be nominated and to serve as a participant director if the person satisfies all of the following conditions:
(1) The person’s primary occupation, at the time of nomination and continuously during the previous three years, has been as an owner or general manager of a licensed dealer or lessor-retailer.
(2) The person has not been convicted of a crime, including a plea or verdict of guilty or a conviction following a plea of nolo contendere.
(3) The person is not subject to a judgment or administrative order, whether entered after adjudication or stipulation, predicated on that person’s commission of an act of dishonesty, fraud, deceit, or violation of this chapter or Chapter 5 (commencing with Section 17200) of Part 2 of Division 7 of the Business and Professions Code.
(4) The person is not a defendant in a pending criminal or civil law enforcement action brought by a public prosecutor.
(5) The person has not served as a participant director of the recovery corporation at any time during the previous 18 months.
(c) A director who does not qualify to be a participant director, whose term has lapsed, or who otherwise becomes unable to serve shall not continue to serve as a director.
(Added by Stats. 2007, Ch. 437, Sec. 6. Effective January 1, 2008.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 5 - OCCUPATIONAL LICENSING AND BUSINESS REGULATIONS › CHAPTER 11 - Consumer Recovery Fund › Section 12203.

12203. (a) The recovery corporation shall establish a consumer recovery fund for the payment of claims as provided in this chapter. The recovery corporation shall receive funds from the department as provided in Section 4456.3 and shall promptly notify the department when the recovery fund balance reaches the amounts specified in subdivision (b) of Section 4456.3.
(b) The recovery corporation shall establish and maintain an operations account within the recovery fund for the payment of costs of operations and administration. The recovery corporation shall prepare, prior to its fiscal year end, an estimated annual operational budget projecting the costs of operations and administration for the succeeding fiscal year, excluding the amount paid for claims. The recovery corporation shall not expend more than two hundred fifty thousand dollars ($250,000) each fiscal year from the operations account for the administration of this chapter.
(c) The recovery corporation shall invest all funds received from the department pursuant to Section 4456.3, and interest earned on those funds, deposited in the recovery fund, in a federally insured account or in federally insured certificates of deposit at a California state or federally chartered bank or savings bank.
(d) The recovery corporation holds all money in the recovery fund in trust for the purposes provided in this chapter and shall disburse funds only as provided in this chapter.
(e) The recovery corporation shall separately account for disbursements and collections. The accounting shall include a record of each claim paid that indicates the name, address, and phone number of each claimant receiving payment, the amount of the payment, and the name of the participant for which a claim was paid. Quarterly reports shall be provided to the office of the Attorney General, Consumer Law Section, commencing on or before October 31, 2008, and within 30 days after the end of each quarter thereafter.
(f) The recovery corporation may adopt reasonable written bylaws, rules, and procedures to carry out the purposes of this chapter. The representative of the Attorney General may vote on the adoption of bylaws, rules, and procedures notwithstanding paragraph (2) of subdivision (a) of Section 12202.
(Added by Stats. 2007, Ch. 437, Sec. 6. Effective January 1, 2008.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 5 - OCCUPATIONAL LICENSING AND BUSINESS REGULATIONS › CHAPTER 11 - Consumer Recovery Fund › Section 12205.

12205. The recovery corporation shall develop a notice fully explaining a consumer’s right to make a claim from the fund, an application form, and an explanation of how to complete the application. The notice, application, and explanation shall be in English and Spanish and shall be provided to a person upon request.
(Added by Stats. 2007, Ch. 437, Sec. 6. Effective January 1, 2008.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 5 - OCCUPATIONAL LICENSING AND BUSINESS REGULATIONS › CHAPTER 11 - Consumer Recovery Fund › Section 12206.

12206. (a) Within 30 days of receiving an application, the recovery corporation shall notify the applicant, in writing, that the application is complete or, if the application is incomplete, what additional information is required.
(b) (1) Within 60 days of the recovery corporation providing notice to the applicant of a complete application, the recovery corporation shall either pay the eligible claim from the fund as prescribed in this chapter or deny the claim. A claim shall be deemed granted unless the directors affirmatively vote to deny the claim.
(2) The recovery corporation, for good cause, may extend the 60-day period not more than an additional 90 days to investigate the accuracy of the application or evidence submitted by a dealer or lessor-retailer.
(c) A director shall not be involved in the decision of a claim if the director has a financial interest in the outcome of the decision; has a financial interest in or is employed by the participant that is the subject of the claim; or has a familial or close personal relationship with the claimant or an owner, officer, director, or manager of the participant.
(Added by Stats. 2007, Ch. 437, Sec. 6. Effective January 1, 2008.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 5 - OCCUPATIONAL LICENSING AND BUSINESS REGULATIONS › CHAPTER 11 - Consumer Recovery Fund › Section 12207.

12207. (a) Within 15 days of receiving a complete application, the recovery corporation shall serve a copy of the complete application and the following notice on the dealer or lessor-retailer that is the subject of the claim:
“NOTICE”
“The attached application has been made to the Consumer Motor Vehicle Recovery Corporation for payment of a claim allegedly arising out of your conduct or omission. If you wish to contest payment, you must file a written response to the application that describes any evidence that you have showing that the application is inaccurate or that payment from the fund is not authorized under Section 12200 and following of the Vehicle Code, a copy of which is provided.
“The allegations stated in the attached application may constitute grounds on which disciplinary action may be taken to suspend or revoke your license. In addition, the Department of Motor Vehicles may suspend your license until you have repaid in full the amount paid by the Consumer Motor Vehicle Recovery Corporation on the attached application, plus interest at the rate of 10 percent per annum.”
(b) The notice prescribed by subdivision (a), a copy of the application for payment, and a copy of this chapter shall be served on the dealer or lessor-retailer by personal service or certified mail, return receipt requested, at the department’s mailing address of record for that licensee.
(Added by Stats. 2007, Ch. 437, Sec. 6. Effective January 1, 2008.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 5 - OCCUPATIONAL LICENSING AND BUSINESS REGULATIONS › CHAPTER 11 - Consumer Recovery Fund › Section 12208.

12208. If the recovery corporation pays the claim, the amount of the payment shall be the total of the amount of the eligible claim, but in no event may the payment exceed thirty-five thousand dollars ($35,000) for a transaction.
(Added by Stats. 2007, Ch. 437, Sec. 6. Effective January 1, 2008.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 5 - OCCUPATIONAL LICENSING AND BUSINESS REGULATIONS › CHAPTER 11 - Consumer Recovery Fund › Section 12209.

12209. If the recovery corporation denies the claim, the recovery corporation shall notify the applicant in writing of the denial, the legal and factual bases for the denial, and the applicant’s right to contest the denial in writing within 60 days or any longer period permitted by the recovery corporation. If the applicant does not contest the denial within 60 days or an additional period reasonably requested by the consumer, the decision shall be final. The recovery corporation shall act on the applicant’s objection within 30 days. If the claim is denied in whole or in part, the applicant may seek review in the superior court of any of the following counties in which the office of the Attorney General maintains an office: Sacramento, San Francisco, Los Angeles, or San Diego. Review shall be limited to the written record before the recovery corporation and any relevant evidence that could not have been previously presented to the recovery corporation despite the applicant’s reasonable diligence. The superior court shall affirm the decision of the recovery corporation if it is supported by substantial evidence.
(Added by Stats. 2007, Ch. 437, Sec. 6. Effective January 1, 2008.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 5 - OCCUPATIONAL LICENSING AND BUSINESS REGULATIONS › CHAPTER 11 - Consumer Recovery Fund › Section 12210.

12210. After the recovery corporation pays or rejects a claim, all of the following apply:
(a) Immediately upon payment, the recovery corporation shall be subrogated to all of the consumer’s rights against the dealer or lessor-retailer to the extent of the amount of the payment.
(b) The recovery corporation may bring an action to recover the amount of the payment plus interest at the rate of 10 percent per annum and shall be entitled to recover costs and reasonable attorney’s fees.
(c) Within 10 days of paying the claim, the recovery corporation shall inform the department of the payment of the claim, the amount of the payment, and the name and address of the dealer or lessor-retailer that is the subject of the claim. Upon the department’s request, the recovery corporation shall provide the department with a copy of the claim application and other documents received by the recovery corporation in connection with the claim.
(d) Within 15 days of paying or rejecting the claim, the recovery corporation shall serve the dealer or lessor-retailer that is the subject of the claim with notice of the recovery corporation’s disposition of the claim in the manner provided for service in subdivision (b) of Section 12207.
(e) After the consumer receives payment of the eligible claim from the recovery corporation, the consumer shall not seek to recover the amount received from the recovery corporation for the eligible claim from the dealer’s bond required by Section 11710. Nothing in this subdivision affects any other rights the consumer may have as provided in Section 12217.
(Added by Stats. 2007, Ch. 437, Sec. 6. Effective January 1, 2008.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 5 - OCCUPATIONAL LICENSING AND BUSINESS REGULATIONS › CHAPTER 11 - Consumer Recovery Fund › Section 12211.

12211. If the recovery corporation has insufficient funds to pay all eligible claims, the recovery corporation shall pay eligible claims in the order that the claim applications were received and shall hold the remaining claims until funds are available to pay those claims.
(Added by Stats. 2007, Ch. 437, Sec. 6. Effective January 1, 2008.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 5 - OCCUPATIONAL LICENSING AND BUSINESS REGULATIONS › CHAPTER 11 - Consumer Recovery Fund › Section 12212.

12212. (a) Within 30 days after the close of the fiscal year or other reasonable period established by the board of directors, the recovery corporation shall make publicly available a statement of the following information concerning the most recently concluded fiscal year:
(1) The number of claims and approximate dollar amount of the claims received.
(2) The total number of claims and total dollar amount of claims paid.
(3) The approximate number and dollar amount of claims denied or abandoned.
(4) The dollar balance in the recovery fund.
(5) The dollar amount of fees received pursuant to Section 4456.3.
(6) The administrative costs and expenses of the recovery corporation.
(b) The recovery corporation shall make publicly available within 15 days of approval by the board of directors or other reasonable period established by the board of directors, the following information:
(1) The approved minutes of meetings of the board of directors.
(2) The approved estimated annual operational budget projecting the costs of operations and administration for the succeeding fiscal year, excluding the amount to be paid for claims.
(3) The approved bylaws, as amended, of the recovery corporation.
(c) Information may be made publicly available as required by this section by disseminating the information on an Internet Web site or providing the information by electronic mail to a person who has requested the information and provided a valid electronic mail address.
(Added by Stats. 2007, Ch. 437, Sec. 6. Effective January 1, 2008.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 5 - OCCUPATIONAL LICENSING AND BUSINESS REGULATIONS › CHAPTER 11 - Consumer Recovery Fund › Section 12213.

12213. The operation of the recovery corporation shall at all times be subject to the examination and review of the Attorney General and the Attorney General’s representatives. The Attorney General and his or her representatives may at any time investigate the affairs and examine the books, accounts, records, and files used by the recovery corporation. The Attorney General and his or her representatives shall have free access to the offices, books, accounts, papers, records, files, safes, and vaults of the recovery corporation and may copy any documents of, or in the possession of, the recovery corporation.
(Added by Stats. 2007, Ch. 437, Sec. 6. Effective January 1, 2008.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 5 - OCCUPATIONAL LICENSING AND BUSINESS REGULATIONS › CHAPTER 11 - Consumer Recovery Fund › Section 12214.

12214. The Attorney General or his or her representative may determine that the recovery corporation has failed or ceased to operate upon a finding that any one of the following has occurred with respect to the recovery corporation:
(a) The recovery corporation was not created.
(b) The recovery corporation is dissolved.
(c) The recovery corporation ceased to operate.
(d) The recovery corporation is insolvent or bankrupt.
(e) The recovery corporation failed to pay its operating costs.
(f) The recovery corporation failed to pay any claim or judgment in a timely manner.
(g) The recovery corporation violated its articles of incorporation or any law of this state.
(h) The recovery corporation invested its funds in violation of this chapter.
(i) The recovery corporation has not diligently made a decision upon a claim made by a person aggrieved.
(j) The recovery corporation violated any section of this chapter.
(k) The recovery corporation neglected or refused to submit its books, papers, and affairs to the inspection of the Attorney General or his or her representatives.
(Added by Stats. 2007, Ch. 437, Sec. 6. Effective January 1, 2008.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 5 - OCCUPATIONAL LICENSING AND BUSINESS REGULATIONS › CHAPTER 11 - Consumer Recovery Fund › Section 12215.

12215. If the recovery corporation is dissolved or ceases to exist, or if the Attorney General or his or her representative makes a determination, pursuant to Section 12214, that the recovery corporation has failed or ceased to operate, all outstanding debts, obligations of the recovery corporation, and amounts due for services rendered shall first be paid from the remaining assets, including the recovery fund. The assets remaining, after settling those liabilities, shall be distributed to the participants, less the costs of that distribution.
(Added by Stats. 2007, Ch. 437, Sec. 6. Effective January 1, 2008.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 5 - OCCUPATIONAL LICENSING AND BUSINESS REGULATIONS › CHAPTER 11 - Consumer Recovery Fund › Section 12216.

12216. All costs and expenses incurred by the Department of Justice in the administration of this chapter shall be paid to the Department of Justice by the recovery corporation. The Department of Justice may institute an action for the recovery of costs and expenses incurred in the administration of this article in any court of competent jurisdiction.
(Added by Stats. 2007, Ch. 437, Sec. 6. Effective January 1, 2008.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 5 - OCCUPATIONAL LICENSING AND BUSINESS REGULATIONS › CHAPTER 11 - Consumer Recovery Fund › Section 12217.

12217. Nothing in this chapter is intended to limit or restrict actions, remedies, penalties, or procedures otherwise available pursuant to any other provision of law.
(Added by Stats. 2007, Ch. 437, Sec. 6. Effective January 1, 2008.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 6 - DRIVERS' LICENSES › CHAPTER 1 - Issuance of Licenses, Expiration, and Renewal › ARTICLE 1 - Persons Required to Be Licensed, Exemptions, and Age Limits › Section 12500.

12500. (a) A person may not drive a motor vehicle upon a highway, unless the person then holds a valid driver’s license issued under this code, except those persons who are expressly exempted under this code.
(b) A person may not drive a motorcycle, motor-driven cycle, or motorized bicycle upon a highway, unless the person then holds a valid driver’s license or endorsement issued under this code for that class, except those persons who are expressly exempted under this code, or those persons specifically authorized to operate motorized bicycles or motorized scooters with a valid driver’s license of any class, as specified in subdivision (h) of Section 12804.9.
(c) A person may not drive a motor vehicle in or upon any offstreet parking facility, unless the person then holds a valid driver’s license of the appropriate class or certification to operate the vehicle. As used in this subdivision, “offstreet parking facility” means any offstreet facility held open for use by the public for parking vehicles and includes any publicly owned facilities for offstreet parking, and privately owned facilities for offstreet parking where no fee is charged for the privilege to park and which are held open for the common public use of retail customers.
(d) A person may not drive a motor vehicle or combination of vehicles that is not of a type for which the person is licensed.
(e) A motorized scooter operated on public streets shall at all times be equipped with an engine that complies with the applicable State Air Resources Board emission requirements.
(Amended by Stats. 2007, Ch. 630, Sec. 3. Effective January 1, 2008.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 6 - DRIVERS' LICENSES › CHAPTER 1 - Issuance of Licenses, Expiration, and Renewal › ARTICLE 1 - Persons Required to Be Licensed, Exemptions, and Age Limits › Section 12501.

12501. The following persons are not required to obtain a driver’s license:
(a) An officer or employee of the United States, while operating a motor vehicle owned or controlled by the United States on the business of the United States, except when the motor vehicle being operated is a commercial motor vehicle, as defined in Section 15210.
(b) Any person while driving or operating implements of husbandry incidentally operated or moved over a highway, except as provided in Section 36300 or 36305.
(c) Any person driving or operating an off-highway motor vehicle subject to identification, as defined in Section 38012, while driving or operating such motor vehicle as provided in Section 38025. Nothing in this subdivision authorizes operation of a motor vehicle by a person without a valid driver’s license upon any offstreet parking facility, as defined in subdivision (c) of Section 12500.
(Amended by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1360, Sec. 10.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 6 - DRIVERS' LICENSES › CHAPTER 1 - Issuance of Licenses, Expiration, and Renewal › ARTICLE 1 - Persons Required to Be Licensed, Exemptions, and Age Limits › Section 12502.

12502. (a) The following persons may operate a motor vehicle in this state without obtaining a driver’s license under this code:
(1) A nonresident over the age of 18 years having in his or her immediate possession a valid driver’s license issued by a foreign jurisdiction of which he or she is a resident, except as provided in Section 12505.
(2)A nonresident, 21 years of age or older, if transporting hazardous material, as defined in Section 353, in a commercial vehicle, having in his or her immediate possession, a valid license with the appropriate endorsement issued by another state or other jurisdiction that is recognized by the department, or a Canadian driver’s license and a copy of his or her current training certificate to transport hazardous material that complies with all federal laws and regulations with respect to hazardous materials, both of which shall be in his or her immediate possession.
(3) A nonresident having in his or her immediate possession a valid driver’s license, issued by the Diplomatic Motor Vehicle Office of the Office of Foreign Missions of the United States Department of State, for the type of motor vehicle or combination of vehicles that the person is operating.
(b) (1) A driver required to have a commercial driver’s license under Part 383 of Title 49 of the Code of Federal Regulations who submits a current medical examiner’s certificate to the licensing state in accordance with Section 383.71(h) of Subpart E of Part 383 of Title 49 of the Code of Federal Regulations, documenting that he or she meets the physical qualification requirements of Section 391.41 of Subpart E of Part 391 of Title 49 of the Code of Federal Regulations, is not required to carry on his or her person the medical examiner’s certificate or a copy of that certificate.
(2) A driver may use the date-stamped receipt, given to the driver by the licensing state agency, for up to 15 days after the date stamped on the receipt, as proof of medical certification.
(c) A nonresident possessing a medical certificate in accordance with subdivision (b) shall comply with any restriction of the medical certificate issued to that nonresident.
(d) This section shall become operative on January 31, 2014.
(Repealed (in Sec. 2) and added by Stats. 2012, Ch. 670, Sec. 2.5. (AB 2188) Effective January 1, 2013. Section operative January 31, 2014, by its own provisions.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 6 - DRIVERS' LICENSES › CHAPTER 1 - Issuance of Licenses, Expiration, and Renewal › ARTICLE 1 - Persons Required to Be Licensed, Exemptions, and Age Limits › Section 12503.

12503. A nonresident over the age of 18 years whose home state or country does not require the licensing of drivers may operate a foreign vehicle owned by him for not to exceed 30 days without obtaining a license under this code.
(Amended by Stats. 1971, Ch. 1748.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 6 - DRIVERS' LICENSES › CHAPTER 1 - Issuance of Licenses, Expiration, and Renewal › ARTICLE 1 - Persons Required to Be Licensed, Exemptions, and Age Limits › Section 12504.

12504. (a) Sections 12502 and 12503 apply to any nonresident over the age of 16 years but under the age of 18 years. The maximum period during which that nonresident may operate a motor vehicle in this state without obtaining a driver’s license is limited to a period of 10 days immediately following the entry of the nonresident into this state except as provided in subdivision (b) of this section.
(b) Any nonresident over the age of 16 years but under the age of 18 years who is a resident of a foreign jurisdiction which requires the licensing of drivers may continue to operate a motor vehicle in this state after 10 days from his or her date of entry into this state if he or she meets both the following:
(1) He or she has a valid driver’s license, issued by the foreign jurisdiction, in his or her immediate possession.
(2) He or she has been issued and has in his or her immediate possession a nonresident minor’s certificate, which the department issues to a nonresident minor who holds a valid driver’s license issued to him or her by his or her home state or country, and who files proof of financial responsibility.
(c) Whenever any of the conditions for the issuance of a nonresident minor’s certificate cease to exist, the department shall cancel the certificate and require the minor to surrender it to the department.
(Amended by Stats. 1992, Ch. 974, Sec. 4. Effective September 28, 1992.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 6 - DRIVERS' LICENSES › CHAPTER 1 - Issuance of Licenses, Expiration, and Renewal › ARTICLE 1 - Persons Required to Be Licensed, Exemptions, and Age Limits › Section 12506.

12506. The department may issue a temporary driver’s license to any person applying for a driver’s license, to any person applying for renewal of a driver’s license, or to any licensee whose license is required to be changed, added to, or modified. Notwithstanding paragraph (3) of subdivision (a) of Section 12805, the department may issue a temporary driver’s license to an applicant who has previously been licensed in this state or in any other state, territory, or possession of the United States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, or the Dominion of Canada, notwithstanding that the applicant has failed the written examination on the person’s first attempt.
A temporary license permits the operation of a motor vehicle upon the highways for a period of 60 days, if the licensee has the temporary license in his or her immediate possession, and while the department is completing its investigation and determination of all facts relative to the applicant’s right to receive a license. The temporary license is invalid when the applicant’s license has been issued or refused.
(Amended by Stats. 2016, Ch. 339, Sec. 7. (SB 838) Effective September 13, 2016.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 6 - DRIVERS' LICENSES › CHAPTER 1 - Issuance of Licenses, Expiration, and Renewal › ARTICLE 1 - Persons Required to Be Licensed, Exemptions, and Age Limits › Section 12508.

12508. When in the opinion of the department it would be in the interest of safety, the department may issue, in individual cases, to any applicant for a driver’s license, a license limited in duration to less than the regular term. Upon the expiration of a limited term license the department may extend its duration for an additional period without fee but the duration of the license and extensions shall not exceed the term of a regular license.
(Enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 6 - DRIVERS' LICENSES › CHAPTER 1 - Issuance of Licenses, Expiration, and Renewal › ARTICLE 1 - Persons Required to Be Licensed, Exemptions, and Age Limits › Section 12509.5.

12509.5. (a) A person shall obtain an instruction permit issued pursuant to this section before operating, or being issued a class M1 or M2 driver’s license to operate, a two-wheel motorcycle, motor-driven cycle, motorized bicycle, moped, or bicycle with an attached motor. The person shall meet the following requirements to obtain an instruction permit for purposes of this section:
(1) If age 15 years and 6 months or older, but under the age of 18 years, the applicant shall meet all of the following requirements:
(A) Have a valid class C license or complete driver education and training pursuant to paragraph (3) of subdivision (a) of Section 12814.6.
(B) Successfully complete a motorcyclist safety program that is operated pursuant to Article 2 (commencing with Section 2930) of Chapter 5 of Division 2.
(C) Pass the motorcycle driver’s written exam.
(2) If 18 years of age or older, but under 21 years of age, the applicant shall meet both of the following requirements:
(A) Successfully complete a motorcyclist safety program that is operated pursuant to Article 2 (commencing with Section 2930) of Chapter 5 of Division 2.
(B) Pass the motorcycle driver’s written exam.
(3) If 21 years of age or older, pass the motorcycle driver’s written exam.
(b) A person described in paragraph (1) or (2) of subdivision (a) shall hold an instruction permit issued pursuant to this section for a minimum of six months before being issued a class M1 or M2 license.
(c) A person issued an instruction permit pursuant to this section shall not operate a two-wheel motorcycle, motor-driven cycle, motorized bicycle, moped, or bicycle with an attached motor during the hours of darkness, shall stay off any freeways that have full control of access and have no crossings at grade, and shall not carry any passenger except an instructor licensed under Chapter 1 (commencing with Section 11100) of Division 5 or a qualified instructor as defined in Section 41907 of the Education Code.
(d) An instruction permit issued pursuant to this section shall be valid for a period not exceeding 24 months from the date of application.
(e) The department may perform, during regularly scheduled computer system maintenance and upgrades, any necessary software updates related to the changes made by the addition, during the 2009–10 Regular Session, of this section.
(Amended by Stats. 2019, Ch. 636, Sec. 6. (AB 1810) Effective January 1, 2020.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 6 - DRIVERS' LICENSES › CHAPTER 1 - Issuance of Licenses, Expiration, and Renewal › ARTICLE 1 - Persons Required to Be Licensed, Exemptions, and Age Limits › Section 12511.

12511. No person shall have in his or her possession or otherwise under his or her control more than one driver’s license.
(Amended by Stats. 1988, Ch. 1509, Sec. 4.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 6 - DRIVERS' LICENSES › CHAPTER 1 - Issuance of Licenses, Expiration, and Renewal › ARTICLE 1 - Persons Required to Be Licensed, Exemptions, and Age Limits › Section 12512.

12512. Except as provided in Sections 12513, 12514, and 12814.6, no license to drive shall be issued to a person under the age of 18 years.
(Added by Stats. 2000, Ch. 596, Sec. 6. Effective January 1, 2001.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 6 - DRIVERS' LICENSES › CHAPTER 1 - Issuance of Licenses, Expiration, and Renewal › ARTICLE 1 - Persons Required to Be Licensed, Exemptions, and Age Limits › Section 12513.

12513. (a) Upon application, successful completion of tests and compliance with Sections 17700 to 17705, inclusive, the department may issue a junior permit to any person 14 years of age, but less than 18, who establishes eligibility as required by this section. A person is eligible when, in the opinion of the department, any one or more of the following circumstances exist:
School or other transportation facilities are inadequate for regular attendance at school and at activities authorized by the school. The application for a junior permit shall be accompanied by a signed statement from the school principal verifying such facts. A junior permit issued under this subsection shall be restricted to operating a vehicle from residence to the school and return.
Reasonable transportation facilities are inadequate and operation of a vehicle by a minor is necessary due to illness of a family member. The application shall be accompanied by a signed statement from a physician familiar with the condition, containing a diagnosis and probable date when sufficient recovery will have been made to terminate the emergency.
Transportation facilities are inadequate, and use of a motor vehicle is necessary in the transportation to and from the employment of the applicant and the applicant’s income from such employment is essential in the support of the family, or where the applicant’s operation of a motor vehicle is essential to an enterprise from which an appreciable portion of the income of the family will be derived. The application shall be accompanied by a signed statement from the parents or the guardian, setting forth the reasons a permit is necessary under this subsection.
(b) The existence of public transportation at reasonable intervals within one mile of the residence of the applicant may be considered adequate grounds for refusal of a junior permit.
(c) The department shall impose restrictions upon junior permits appropriate to the conditions and area under which they are intended to be used.
(Amended by Stats. 1969, Ch. 947, Sec. 1.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 6 - DRIVERS' LICENSES › CHAPTER 1 - Issuance of Licenses, Expiration, and Renewal › ARTICLE 1 - Persons Required to Be Licensed, Exemptions, and Age Limits › Section 12514.

12514. (a) Junior permits issued pursuant to Section 12513 shall not be valid for a period exceeding that established on the original request as the approximate date the minor’s operation of a vehicle will no longer be necessary. In any event, no permit shall be valid on or after the 18th birthday of the applicant.
(b) The department may revoke any permit when to do so is necessary for the welfare of the minor or in the interests of safety.
(c) If conditions or location of residence, which required the minor’s operation of a vehicle, change prior to expiration of the permit, the department may cancel the permit.
(d) Upon a determination that the permittee has operated a vehicle in violation of restrictions, the department shall revoke the permit.
(e) A junior permit is a form of driver’s license that shall include all information required by subdivision (a) of Section 12811 except for an engraved picture or photograph of the permittee, and is subject to all provisions of this code applying to driver’s licenses, except as otherwise provided in this section and Section 12513.
(f) An instruction permit valid for a period of not more than six months may be issued after eligibility has been established under Section 12513.
(g) The department shall cancel any permit six months from the date of issuance unless the permittee has complied with one of the conditions prescribed by paragraph (3) of subdivision (a) of Section 12814.6.
(Amended by Stats. 2000, Ch. 1035, Sec. 15. Effective January 1, 2001.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 6 - DRIVERS' LICENSES › CHAPTER 1 - Issuance of Licenses, Expiration, and Renewal › ARTICLE 1 - Persons Required to Be Licensed, Exemptions, and Age Limits › Section 12515.

12515. (a) No person under the age of 18 years shall be employed for compensation by another for the purpose of driving a motor vehicle on the highways.
(b) No person under the age of 21 years shall be employed for compensation by another to drive, and no person under the age of 21 years may drive a motor vehicle, as defined in Section 34500 or subdivision (b) of Section 15210, that is engaged in interstate commerce, or any motor vehicle that is engaged in the interstate or intrastate transportation of hazardous material, as defined in Section 353.
(Amended by Stats. 1988, Ch. 1509, Sec. 5.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 6 - DRIVERS' LICENSES › CHAPTER 1 - Issuance of Licenses, Expiration, and Renewal › ARTICLE 1 - Persons Required to Be Licensed, Exemptions, and Age Limits › Section 12516.

12516. It is unlawful for any person under the age of 18 years to drive a school bus transporting pupils to or from school.
(Enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 6 - DRIVERS' LICENSES › CHAPTER 1 - Issuance of Licenses, Expiration, and Renewal › ARTICLE 1 - Persons Required to Be Licensed, Exemptions, and Age Limits › Section 12517.

12517. (a) (1) A person may not operate a schoolbus while transporting pupils unless that person has in his or her immediate possession a valid driver’s license for the appropriate class of vehicle to be driven endorsed for schoolbus and passenger transportation.
(2) When transporting one or more pupils at or below the 12th-grade level to or from a public or private school or to or from public or private school activities, the person described in paragraph (1) shall have in his or her immediate possession a certificate issued by the department to permit the operation of a schoolbus.
(b) A person may not operate a school pupil activity bus unless that person has in his or her immediate possession a valid driver’s license for the appropriate class of vehicle to be driven endorsed for passenger transportation. When transporting one or more pupils at or below the 12th-grade level to or from public or private school activities, the person shall also have in his or her immediate possession a certificate issued by the department to permit the operation of school pupil activity buses.
(c) The applicant for a certificate to operate a schoolbus or school pupil activity bus shall meet the eligibility and training requirements specified for schoolbus and school pupil activity busdrivers in this code, the Education Code, and regulations adopted by the Department of the California Highway Patrol, and, in addition to the fee authorized in Section 2427, shall pay a fee of twenty-five dollars ($25) with the application for issuance of an original certificate, and a fee of twelve dollars ($12) for the renewal of that certificate.
(Amended by Stats. 2006, Ch. 574, Sec. 7. Effective January 1, 2007.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 6 - DRIVERS' LICENSES › CHAPTER 1 - Issuance of Licenses, Expiration, and Renewal › ARTICLE 1 - Persons Required to Be Licensed, Exemptions, and Age Limits › Section 12517.1.

12517.1. (a) A “schoolbus accident” means any of the following:
(1) A motor vehicle accident resulting in property damage in excess of one thousand dollars ($1,000), or personal injury, on public or private property, and involving a schoolbus, youth bus, school pupil activity bus, or general public paratransit vehicle transporting a pupil.
(2) A collision between a vehicle and a pupil or a schoolbus driver while the pupil or driver is crossing the highway when the schoolbus flashing red signal lamps are required to be operated pursuant to Section 22112 or when the schoolbus is stopped for the purpose of loading or unloading pupils.
(3) Injury of a pupil inside a vehicle described in paragraph (1) as a result of acceleration, deceleration, or other movement of the vehicle.
(b) The Department of the California Highway Patrol shall investigate all schoolbus accidents, except that accidents involving only property damage and occurring entirely on private property shall be investigated only if they involve a violation of this code.
(c) This section shall become operative on January 1, 2017.
(Repealed (in Sec. 23) and added by Stats. 2015, Ch. 451, Sec. 24. (SB 491) Effective January 1, 2016. Section operative January 1, 2017, by its own provisions.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 6 - DRIVERS' LICENSES › CHAPTER 1 - Issuance of Licenses, Expiration, and Renewal › ARTICLE 1 - Persons Required to Be Licensed, Exemptions, and Age Limits › Section 12517.2.

12517.2. (a) Applicants for an original or renewal certificate to drive a schoolbus, school pupil activity bus, youth bus, general public paratransit vehicle, or farm labor vehicle shall submit a report of a medical examination of the applicant given not more than two years prior to the date of the application by a physician licensed to practice medicine, a licensed advanced practice registered nurse qualified to perform a medical examination, a licensed physician assistant, or a licensed doctor of chiropractic listed on the most current National Registry of Certified Medical Examiners, as adopted by the United States Department of Transportation, as published by the notice in the Federal Register, Volume 77, Number 77, Friday, April 20, 2012, on pages 24104 to 24135, inclusive, and pursuant to Section 391.42 of Title 49 of the Code of Federal Regulations. The report shall be on a form approved by the department.
(b) Schoolbus drivers, within the same month of reaching 65 years of age and each 12th month thereafter, shall undergo a medical examination, pursuant to Section 12804.9, and shall submit a report of that medical examination on a form as specified in subdivision (a).
(Amended by Stats. 2013, Ch. 160, Sec. 1. (AB 722) Effective January 1, 2014.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 6 - DRIVERS' LICENSES › CHAPTER 1 - Issuance of Licenses, Expiration, and Renewal › ARTICLE 1 - Persons Required to Be Licensed, Exemptions, and Age Limits › Section 12517.3.

12517.3. (a) (1) An applicant for an original certificate to drive a schoolbus, school pupil activity bus, youth bus, or general public paratransit vehicle shall be fingerprinted by the Department of the California Highway Patrol, on a form provided or approved by the Department of the California Highway Patrol for submission to the Department of Justice, utilizing the Applicant Expedite Service or an electronic fingerprinting system.
(2) An applicant fingerprint form shall be processed and returned to the office of the Department of the California Highway Patrol from which it originated not later than 15 working days from the date on which the fingerprint form was received by the Department of Justice, unless circumstances, other than the administrative duties of the Department of Justice, warrant further investigation.
(3) Applicant fingerprints that are submitted by utilizing an electronic fingerprinting system shall be processed and returned to the appropriate office of the Department of the California Highway Patrol within three working days.
(4) The commissioner may utilize the California Law Enforcement Telecommunications System to conduct a preliminary criminal and driver history check to determine an applicant’s eligibility to hold an original or renewal certificate to drive a schoolbus, school pupil activity bus, youth bus, or general public paratransit vehicle.
(b) (1) Notwithstanding subdivision (a), an applicant for an original certificate to drive a schoolbus, school pupil activity bus, youth bus, or general public paratransit vehicle may be fingerprinted by a public law enforcement agency, a school district, or a county office of education utilizing an electronic fingerprinting system with terminals managed by the Department of Justice.
(2) The Department of Justice shall provide the fingerprint information processed pursuant to this subdivision to the appropriate office of the Department of the California Highway Patrol within three working days of receipt of the information.
(3) An applicant for an original certificate to drive an ambulance shall submit a completed fingerprint card to the department.
(Amended by Stats. 2006, Ch. 311, Sec. 7. Effective January 1, 2007.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 6 - DRIVERS' LICENSES › CHAPTER 1 - Issuance of Licenses, Expiration, and Renewal › ARTICLE 1 - Persons Required to Be Licensed, Exemptions, and Age Limits › Section 12517.4.

12517.4. This section governs the issuance of a certificate to drive a schoolbus, school pupil activity bus, youth bus, general public paratransit vehicle, or farm labor vehicle.
(a) The driver certificate shall be issued only to applicants meeting all applicable provisions of this code and passing the examinations prescribed by the department and the Department of the California Highway Patrol. The examinations shall be conducted by the Department of the California Highway Patrol, pursuant to Sections 12517, 12519, 12522, 12523, and 12523.5.
(b) A temporary driver certificate shall be issued by the Department of the California Highway Patrol after an applicant has cleared a criminal history background check by the Department of Justice and, if applicable, the Federal Bureau of Investigation, and has passed the examinations and meets all other applicable provisions of this code.
(c) A permanent driver’s certificate shall be issued by the department after an applicant has passed all tests and met all applicable provisions of this code. Certificates are valid for a maximum of five years and shall expire on the fifth birthday following the issuance of an original certificate or the expiration of the certificate renewed.
(d) A holder of a certificate may not violate any restriction placed on the certificate. Depending upon the type of vehicle used in the driving test and the abilities and physical condition of the applicant, the Department of the California Highway Patrol and the department may place restrictions on a certificate to assure the safe operation of a motor vehicle and safe transportation of passengers. These restrictions may include, but are not limited to, all of the following:
(1) Automatic transmission only.
(2) Hydraulic brakes only.
(3) Type 2 bus only.
(4) Conventional or type 2 bus only.
(5) Two-axle motor truck or passenger vehicle only.
(e) A holder of a certificate may not drive a motor vehicle equipped with a two-speed rear axle unless the certificate is endorsed: “May drive vehicle with two-speed rear axle.”
(f) This section shall become operative on September 20, 2005.
(Amended by Stats. 2004, Ch. 952, Sec. 5. Effective January 1, 2005. Amended version operative September 20, 2005, pursuant to earlier operation of new subdivision (f).)