reglab/statecodes huggingface dataset:
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 53a - Penal Code › Chapter 952 - Penal Code: Offenses › Section 53a-125h. - Telephone fraud in the sixth degree: Class C misdemeanor.

(a) A person is guilty of telephone fraud in the sixth degree when such person (1) knowingly or intentionally devises or participates in a scheme to defraud another person of money or property, (2) employs false pretenses or false promises, as described in section 53a-119, to obtain such money or property and the amount of such money or the value of such property is five hundred dollars or less, and (3) uses a telephonic call, including, but not limited to, a call made by an individual, an automated telephone call and a recorded message, to obtain such money or property from such other person.
(b) Telephone fraud in the sixth degree is a class C misdemeanor.
(P.A. 16-148, S. 7.)
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 53a - Penal Code › Chapter 952 - Penal Code: Offenses › Section 53a-126a. - Criminal trover in the first degree: Class D felony, first offense; class C felony, subsequent offense.

(a) A person is guilty of criminal trover in the first degree when he forcibly enters or forcibly removes the ignition of the motor vehicle of another and uses the motor vehicle without the consent of such owner, and such use results in damage to or diminishes the value of such motor vehicle or subjects such owner to economic loss, fine or other penalty.
(b) Criminal trover in the first degree is a class D felony for a first offense and a class C felony for each subsequent offense.
(P.A. 94-114, S. 1.)
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 53a - Penal Code › Chapter 952 - Penal Code: Offenses › Section 53a-126b. - Criminal trover in the second degree: Class A misdemeanor.

(a) A person is guilty of criminal trover in the second degree when, knowing that such person is not licensed or privileged to do so, such person uses the personal property of another without the consent of such owner, and such use results in damage to or diminishes the value of such property or subjects such owner to economic loss, fine or other penalty.
(b) For the purposes of this section, “economic loss” includes uncompensated economic loss that exceeds five hundred dollars suffered by an owner of personal property who is engaged in the business of renting or leasing personal property when a person to whom such owner has rented or leased such property pursuant to a written agreement providing for the return of such property at a specified time fails to return such property within one hundred twenty hours after the owner sends a written demand to such person for the return of such property by registered mail addressed to such person at such person's address as shown in the written agreement, unless a more recent address is known to the owner. Acknowledgment of the receipt of such written demand by such person shall not be necessary to establish that one hundred twenty hours have passed since such written demand was sent. The provisions of this subsection shall not apply to personal property that is rented or leased (1) for personal, family or household purposes, or (2) pursuant to chapter 743i.
(c) Criminal trover in the second degree is a class A misdemeanor.
(P.A. 94-114, S. 2; P.A. 06-118, S. 1.)
History: P.A. 06-118 amended Subsec. (a) to make technical changes for the purpose of gender neutrality, added new Subsec. (b) re failure to return rented or leased personal property and redesignated existing Subsec. (b) as Subsec. (c).
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 53a - Penal Code › Chapter 952 - Penal Code: Offenses › Section 53a-127. - Diversion from state of benefit of labor of employees: Class A misdemeanor.

(a) A person is guilty of diversion from the state of benefit of labor of employees when he fraudulently procures for himself or another, from any employee of the state or any department thereof, the benefit of any labor which the state or any department thereof is entitled to receive from such employee during his hours of employment or fraudulently aids or assists in procuring or attempting to procure the benefit of any such labor.
(b) Diversion from the state of benefit of labor of employees is a class A misdemeanor.
(1969, P.A. 828, S. 129; P.A. 92-260, S. 53.)
History: P.A. 92-260 made technical changes in Subsec. (a) by repositioning and rephrasing language.
Cited. 194 C. 223.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 53a - Penal Code › Chapter 952 - Penal Code: Offenses › Section 53a-127a. - Unlawful entry into coin machine; possession of key to enter: Class A misdemeanor.

(a) No person shall, with intent to commit larceny: (1) Enter, or force an entrance into, alter or insert any part of an instrument into any coin machine, as defined in section 53a-143; or (2) knowingly possess a key or device, or a drawing, print or mold thereof, adapted and designed to open or break into any such coin machine.
(b) Any person who violates any provision of this section shall be guilty of a class A misdemeanor.
(1971, P.A. 753; P.A. 84-546, S. 126, 173; P.A. 92-260, S. 54.)
History: P.A. 84-546 made technical grammar change in Subsec. (a); P.A. 92-260 made a technical change in Subsec. (a).
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 53a - Penal Code › Chapter 952 - Penal Code: Offenses › Section 53a-127b. - Fraudulent use of an automated teller machine: Class A misdemeanor.

(a) A person is guilty of fraudulent use of an automated teller machine when, with intent to deprive another of property or to appropriate the same to himself or herself or a third person, such person knowingly uses in a fraudulent manner an automated teller machine for the purpose of obtaining property. For the purposes of this section, “automated teller machine” means an unmanned device at which banking transactions including, without limitation, deposits, withdrawals, advances, payments and transfers may be conducted, and includes, without limitation, a satellite device and point of sale terminal as defined in section 36a-2.
(b) In any prosecution under this section, the crime shall be deemed to have been committed in the town in which the automated teller machine was located.
(c) Fraudulent use of an automated teller machine is a class A misdemeanor.
(P.A. 83-417, S. 2; P.A. 84-301, S. 2; P.A. 03-278, S. 106; P.A. 14-233, S. 5.)
History: P.A. 84-301 replaced “automatic” with “automated” and added definition of “automated teller machine”; P.A. 03-278 made technical changes in Subsec. (a), effective July 9, 2003; P.A. 14-233 amended Subsec. (c) to replace reference to class C misdemeanor with reference to class A misdemeanor.
See Sec. 54-1d(b) re consolidation of offenses.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 53a - Penal Code › Chapter 952 - Penal Code: Offenses › Section 53a-127d. - Cheating: Class D felony or class B misdemeanor.

(a) A person is guilty of cheating when, in the course of playing or conducting any lawful gambling game, he: (1) Knowingly uses an altered or counterfeit chip, token, tile, pull tab, wagering slip or check or knowingly marks, loads or tampers with any cards or dice or substitutes for cards or dice provided by the operator of a lawfully operated game of chance any cards or dice that have been marked, loaded or tampered with; or (2) knowingly uses any device, instrument, article or substance with intent to cheat or defraud or to alter or affect the otherwise random results of any lawfully operated game of chance; or (3) intentionally places, increases or attempts to increase a winning wager or decreases or attempts to decrease a losing wager after that period of time during which the rules of a lawfully operated game of chance permit a wager to be placed or after the results of the game in which the wager has been placed become known.
(b) Cheating is a class D felony, except that a violation of subdivision (3) of subsection (a) of this section is a class B misdemeanor.
(P.A. 98-193, S. 1.)
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 53a - Penal Code › Chapter 952 - Penal Code: Offenses › Section 53a-127e. - Possession of a cheating device: Class D felony.

(a) A person is guilty of possession of a cheating device when, while on premises where lawful gambling is to be conducted, such person knowingly possesses or has under such person's control: (1) Any altered or counterfeit chip, token, tile, pull tab, wagering slip or check or any cards or dice that have been marked, loaded or tampered with; or (2) any device, instrument or other thing adapted, designed or commonly used to facilitate the alteration of the normal play or operation of a piece of gaming equipment or to facilitate the unauthorized removal of any money or other contents from any gaming equipment; or (3) any other device, instrument or thing which, under the circumstances in which it is used or possessed, manifests an intent that it be used by the actor or another person to alter the normal play or operation of a lawfully operated game of chance or to commit cheating as provided in section 53a-127d or larceny as provided in section 53a-119.
(b) Possession of a cheating device is a class D felony.
(P.A. 98-193, S. 2; P.A. 01-84, S. 7, 26.)
History: P.A. 01-84 amended Subsec. (a) to make technical changes for purposes of gender neutrality and replace in Subdiv. (2) “adopted” with “adapted”, effective July 1, 2001.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 53a - Penal Code › Chapter 952 - Penal Code: Offenses › Section 53a-127f. - Possession of a shoplifting device: Class A misdemeanor.

(a) A person is guilty of possession of a shoplifting device when such person has in such person's possession any device, instrument or other thing specifically designed or adapted to advance or facilitate the offense of larceny by shoplifting, as defined in subdivision (9) of section 53a-119, by defeating any antitheft or inventory control device, under circumstances manifesting an intent to use the same in the commission of larceny by shoplifting.
(b) Possession of a shoplifting device is a class A misdemeanor.
(P.A. 00-9.)
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 53a - Penal Code › Chapter 952 - Penal Code: Offenses › Section 53a-127g. - Unlawful possession of a personal identifying information access device: Class A misdemeanor.

(a) For the purposes of this section, (1) “access device” includes, but is not limited to, any card, plate, code, account number, mobile identification number, personal identification number, telecommunication service access equipment, card-reading device, scanning device, reencoder or other means that could be used to access financial resources or obtain the financial information, personal information or benefits of another person, and (2) “personal identifying information” has the same meaning as provided in section 53a-129a.
(b) A person is guilty of unlawful possession of a personal identifying information access device when such person possesses an access device, document-making equipment or authentication implement for the purpose of fraudulently altering, obtaining or using the personal identifying information of another person.
(c) Unlawful possession of an access device is a class A misdemeanor.
(P.A. 09-239, S. 5.)
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 53a - Penal Code › Chapter 952 - Penal Code: Offenses › Section 53a-128b. - False statement to procure issuance or loading of payment card.

Any person who makes or causes to be made, either directly or indirectly, any false statement in writing, knowing it to be false and with intent that it be relied on, respecting such person's identity or the identity of any other person or such person's financial condition or that of any other person, for the purpose of procuring the issuance of a payment card or loading the payment card into a digital wallet, violates this section and is subject to the penalties set forth in subsection (a) of section 53a-128i.
(1971, P.A. 871, S. 30; P.A. 17-26, S. 2.)
History: P.A. 17-26 replaced “credit card” with “payment card”, added provision re loading payment card into digital wallet, and made technical changes.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 53a - Penal Code › Chapter 952 - Penal Code: Offenses › Section 53a-128d. - Illegal use of payment card. Presumption of knowledge of revocation.

Any person who, with intent to defraud the issuer, a participating party, or a person providing money, goods, services or anything else of value, or any other person, (1) uses for the purpose of obtaining money, goods, services or anything else of value a payment card obtained or retained in violation of section 53a-128b or a payment card which such person knows is forged, expired or revoked, or (2) obtains money, goods, services or anything else of value by representing without the consent of the cardholder that such person is the holder of a specified card or by representing that such person is the holder of a card and such card has not in fact been issued, or (3) uses a payment card obtained or retained in violation of section 53a-128c or a payment card which such person knows is forged, expired or revoked, as authority or identification to cash or to attempt to cash or otherwise to negotiate or transfer or to attempt to negotiate or transfer any check or other order for the payment of money, whether or not negotiable, if such negotiation or transfer or attempt to negotiate or transfer would constitute a violation of section 53a-128 violates this subsection and is subject to the penalties set forth in subsection (a) of section 53a-128i, if the value of all money, goods, services and other things of value obtained in violation of this subsection does not exceed five hundred dollars in any six-month period; and is subject to the penalties set forth in subsection (b) of section 53a-128i, if such value does exceed five hundred dollars in any such six-month period. Knowledge of revocation shall be presumed to have been received by a cardholder four days after it has been mailed to such cardholder, at the address set forth on the payment card or at such cardholder's last-known address. If the address is located outside the United States, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, the Canal Zone or Canada, notice shall be presumed to have been received ten days after mailing by registered or certified mail.
(1971, P.A. 871, S. 32; P.A. 17-26, S. 4.)
History: P.A. 17-26 replaced “credit card” with “payment card”, deleted provision re method of mailing, and made technical changes.
Cited. 204 C. 441. Convictions under Subdiv. (2) of this section, Sec. 53a-129d and Sec. 53a-125b do not violate the constitutional prohibition against double jeopardy. 326 C. 310.
Review of legislative history of credit card crimes reveals no purpose or intent that enactment of the more specific crime of illegal credit card use precludes state from charging defendant with the more general crime of larceny. 75 CA 756. Conviction under this section and Secs. 53a-129b and 53a-129d for single course of conduct does not constitute double jeopardy. 119 CA 483.
Cited. 37 CS 527.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 53a - Penal Code › Chapter 952 - Penal Code: Offenses › Section 53a-128e. - Illegal furnishing of money, goods or services on payment card.

(a) Any person who is authorized by an issuer or a participating party to furnish money, goods, services or anything else of value upon presentation of a payment card by the cardholder, or any agent or employee of such person, who, with intent to defraud the issuer, or participating party, the cardholder, or any other person furnishes money, goods, services or anything else of value upon presentation of a payment card obtained or retained in violation of section 53a-128c or a payment card which such person knows is forged, expired or revoked, violates this subsection and is subject to the penalties set forth in subsection (a) of section 53a-128i, if the value of all money, goods, services and other things of value furnished in violation of this subsection does not exceed five hundred dollars in any six-month period; and is subject to the penalties set forth in subsection (b) of section 53a-128i if such value does exceed five hundred dollars in any such six-month period.
(b) Any person who is authorized by an issuer or a participating party to furnish money, goods, services or anything else of value upon presentation of a payment card by the cardholder, or any agent or employee of such person, who, with intent to defraud the issuer, a participating party, the cardholder, or any other person fails to furnish money, goods, services or anything else of value which such person represents in writing to the issuer or participating party that such person has furnished violates this subsection and is subject to the penalties set forth in subsection (a) of section 53a-128i, if the difference between the value of all money, goods, services and anything else of value actually furnished and the value represented to the issuer or participating party to have been furnished does not exceed five hundred dollars in any six-month period; and is subject to the penalties set forth in subsection (b) of section 53a-128i if such difference does exceed five hundred dollars in any such six-month period.
(1971, P.A. 871, S. 33; P.A. 17-26, S. 5.)
History: P.A. 17-26 replaced “credit card” with “payment card”, and made technical changes.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 53a - Penal Code › Chapter 952 - Penal Code: Offenses › Section 53a-128f. - Unlawful completion or reproduction of payment card.

Any person, other than the cardholder, having under such person's possession, custody or control two or more incomplete payment cards, or possessing a purported distinctive element of a payment card, with intent to complete such incomplete payment cards or to utilize such purported distinctive element in the production or reproduction of any payment card, without the consent of the issuer, or a person having under such person's possession, custody or control, with knowledge of its character, a distinctive element of any payment card or any machinery, plates or any contrivance designed to produce or reproduce instruments purporting to be the payment cards of an issuer, or of any issuer in a group of issuers utilizing a common distinctive element or elements in payment cards issued by all members of such group, who has not consented to the production or reproduction of such cards, violates this section and is subject to the penalties set forth in subsection (b) of section 53a-128i. A payment card is “incomplete” if part of the matter other than the signature of the cardholder, which an issuer, or any issuer in a group of issuers utilizing a common distinctive element or elements in payments cards issued by all members of such group, requires to appear on the payment card, before it can be used by a cardholder, has not yet been stamped, embossed, imprinted or written on it. A “distinctive element” of a payment card is any material or component used in the fabrication of payment cards, which, by virtue of such element's chemical or physical composition, color or design, is unique to the payment cards issued by a particular issuer or group of issuers utilizing a common distinctive element or elements in payment cards issued by all members of such group.
(1971, P.A. 871, S. 34; P.A. 92-260, S. 56; P.A. 17-26, S. 6.)
History: P.A. 92-260 made a technical change; P.A. 17-26 replaced references to credit card with references to payment card, and made technical changes.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 53a - Penal Code › Chapter 952 - Penal Code: Offenses › Section 53a-128g. - Receipt of money, goods or services obtained by illegal use of credit card.

Any person who receives money, goods, services or anything else of value obtained in violation of section 53a-128d, knowing or believing the same to have been so obtained, violates this section and is subject to the penalties set forth in subsection (a) of section 53a-128i. Any person who obtains at a discount price a ticket issued by an airline, railroad, steamship or other transportation company which was acquired in violation of section 53a-128d without reasonable inquiry to ascertain that the person from whom it was obtained had a legal right to possess it shall be presumed to know that such ticket was acquired under circumstances constituting a violation of said section.
(1971, P.A. 871, S. 35.)
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 53a - Penal Code › Chapter 952 - Penal Code: Offenses › Section 53a-128h. - Certain defenses denied.

In any prosecution for violation of sections 53a-128a to 53a-128i, inclusive, the state is not required to establish and it is no defense: (1) That a person other than the defendant who violated said sections has not been convicted, apprehended or identified; or (2) that some of the acts constituting the violation did not occur in this state or were not a violation or elements of a violation where they did occur.
(1971, P.A. 871, S. 36.)
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 53a - Penal Code › Chapter 952 - Penal Code: Offenses › Section 53a-128i. - Penalties for credit card crimes.

(a) Any person who is subject to the penalties of this subsection shall be guilty of a class A misdemeanor.
(b) Any person who is subject to the penalties of this subsection shall be guilty of a class D felony.
(1971, P.A. 871, S. 37.)
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 53a - Penal Code › Chapter 952 - Penal Code: Offenses › Section 53a-129. - Misapplication of property: Class A misdemeanor.

(a) A person is guilty of misapplication of property when, knowingly possessing personal property of another pursuant to an agreement that the same will be returned to the owner at a future time, he loans, leases, pledges, pawns or otherwise encumbers such property without the consent of the owner thereof in such manner as to create a risk that the owner will not be able to recover it or will suffer pecuniary loss.
(b) In any prosecution under this section, it shall be a defense that, at the time the prosecution was commenced, (1) the defendant had recovered possession of the property, unencumbered as a result of the unlawful disposition, and (2) the owner had suffered no material economic loss as a result of the unlawful disposition.
(c) Misapplication of property is a class A misdemeanor.
(1969, P.A. 828, S. 131.)
Cited. 180 C. 662; 194 C. 223.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 53a - Penal Code › Chapter 952 - Penal Code: Offenses › Section 53a-129a. - Identity theft defined.

(a) A person commits identity theft when such person knowingly uses personal identifying information of another person to obtain or attempt to obtain money, credit, goods, services, property or medical information without the consent of such other person.
(b) As used in this section, “personal identifying information” means any name, number or other information that may be used, alone or in conjunction with any other information, to identify a specific individual including, but not limited to, such individual's name, date of birth, mother's maiden name, motor vehicle operator's license number, Social Security number, employee identification number, employer or taxpayer identification number, alien registration number, government passport number, health insurance identification number, demand deposit account number, savings account number, credit card number, debit card number or unique biometric data such as fingerprint, voice print, retina or iris image, or other unique physical representation.
(P.A. 99-99; P.A. 03-156, S. 1; P.A. 09-239, S. 1; P.A. 11-165, S. 1.)
History: P.A. 03-156 revised section to replace offense of identity theft with definition of identity theft by amending Subsec. (a) to replace “A person is guilty of identity theft when” with “A person commits identity theft when”, delete requirement that the use of such information be “for any unlawful purpose” and include “money” and “property” among items the person obtains or attempts to obtain, by designating definition of “personal identifying information” as new Subsec. (b) and amending said definition to add provision that such information means “any name, number or other information that may be used, alone or in conjunction with any other information, to identify a specific individual”, include such individual's name, date of birth, employer or taxpayer identification number, alien registration number, government passport number, health insurance identification number, debit card number or unique biometric data such as fingerprint, voice print, retina or iris image, or other unique physical representation and replace “demand deposit number” with “demand deposit account number” and by deleting former Subsec. (b) classifying identity theft as a class D felony; P.A. 09-239 amended Subsec. (a) to specify that a person commits identity theft when such person knowingly uses personal identifying information of another person to obtain or attempt to obtain, in the name of such other person, money, credit, goods, services, property or medical information without the consent of such other person; P.A. 11-165 amended Subsec. (a) to delete “in the name of such other person”.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 53a - Penal Code › Chapter 952 - Penal Code: Offenses › Section 53a-129b. - Identity theft in the first degree: Class B felony.

(a) A person is guilty of identity theft in the first degree when such person commits identity theft, as defined in section 53a-129a, of another person and (1) such other person is under sixty years of age, and the value of the money, credit, goods, services or property obtained exceeds ten thousand dollars, or (2) such other person is sixty years of age or older, and the value of the money, credit, goods, services or property obtained exceeds five thousand dollars.
(b) Identity theft in the first degree is a class B felony.
(P.A. 03-156, S. 2; P.A. 09-239, S. 2.)
History: P.A. 09-239 amended Subsec. (a) by inserting “of another person” re identity theft and providing that other person be under 60 years of age if value of money, credit, goods, services or property exceeds $10,000 or that other person is 60 years of age or older and such value exceeds $5,000.
Conviction under this section and Secs. 53a-128d and 53a-129d for single course of conduct does not constitute double jeopardy. 119 CA 483.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 53a - Penal Code › Chapter 952 - Penal Code: Offenses › Section 53a-129c. - Identity theft in the second degree: Class C felony.

(a) A person is guilty of identity theft in the second degree when such person commits identity theft, as defined in section 53a-129a, of another person and such other person is under sixty years of age, and the value of the money, credit, goods, services or property obtained exceeds five thousand dollars, or such other person is sixty years of age or older.
(b) Identity theft in the second degree is a class C felony.
(P.A. 03-156, S. 3; P.A. 09-239, S. 3.)
History: P.A. 09-239 amended Subsec. (a) by inserting “of another person” re identity theft and providing that other person is under 60 years of age and value of money, credit, goods, services or property obtained exceeds $5,000 or that other person is 60 years of age or older.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 53a - Penal Code › Chapter 952 - Penal Code: Offenses › Section 53a-129d. - Identity theft in the third degree: Class D felony.

(a) A person is guilty of identity theft in the third degree when such person commits identity theft, as defined in section 53a-129a.
(b) Identity theft in the third degree is a class D felony.
(P.A. 03-156, S. 4.)
Convictions under this section, Sec. 53a-128d(2) and Sec. 53a-125b do not violate the constitutional prohibition against double jeopardy. 326 C. 310.
Conviction under this section and Secs. 53a-128d and 53a-129b for single course of conduct does not constitute double jeopardy. 119 CA 483.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 53a - Penal Code › Chapter 952 - Penal Code: Offenses › Section 53a-129e. - Trafficking in personal identifying information: Class D felony.

(a) A person is guilty of trafficking in personal identifying information when such person sells, gives or otherwise transfers personal identifying information, as defined in section 53a-129a or 53a-181d, of another person to a third person knowing that such information has been obtained without the authorization of such other person and that such third person intends to use such information for an unlawful purpose, including, but not limited to, a violation of section 53a-181d.
(b) Trafficking in personal identifying information is a class D felony.
(P.A. 03-156, S. 5; P.A. 21-56, S. 3.)
History: P.A. 21-56 added language referencing Sec. 53a-181d in Subsec. (a).
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 53a - Penal Code › Chapter 952 - Penal Code: Offenses › Section 53a-130a. - Impersonation of a police officer: Class D felony.

(a) A person is guilty of impersonation of a police officer when he pretends to be a sworn member of an organized local police department or the Division of State Police within the Department of Emergency Services and Public Protection, or wears or displays without authority any uniform, badge or shield by which such police officer is lawfully distinguished, with intent to induce another person to submit to such pretended official authority or otherwise to act in reliance upon that pretense.
(b) Impersonation of a police officer is a class D felony.
(P.A. 97-123, S. 2; P.A. 11-51, S. 134.)
History: Pursuant to P.A. 11-51, “Department of Public Safety” was changed editorially by the Revisors to “Department of Emergency Services and Public Protection”, effective July 1, 2011.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 53a - Penal Code › Chapter 952 - Penal Code: Offenses › Section 53a-131. - Unlawfully concealing a will: Class A misdemeanor.

(a) A person is guilty of unlawfully concealing a will when, with intent to defraud, he conceals, secrets, suppresses, mutilates or destroys a will, codicil or other testamentary instrument.
(b) Unlawfully concealing a will is a class A misdemeanor.
(1969, P.A. 828, S. 133.)
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 53a - Penal Code › Chapter 952 - Penal Code: Offenses › Section 53a-132. - False entry by an officer or agent of a public community: Class A misdemeanor.

(a) A person is guilty of false entry by an officer or agent of a public community when (1) as an officer or agent of a public community, he makes any intentionally false entry on the books of the public community or (2) he intentionally attests or certifies by placing his signature upon process that he has personally served the same, when he has not done so.
(b) False entry by an officer or agent of a public community is a class A misdemeanor.
(1969, P.A. 828, S. 134; P.A. 84-108, S. 4; P.A. 92-260, S. 57.)
History: P.A. 84-108 inserted new Subsec. (b) providing that person who intentionally attests or certifies by signature upon process that he has personally served process when he has not done so is guilty of false entry, relettering former Subsec. (b) as (c); P.A. 92-260 combined former Subsecs. (a) and (b) and rephrased language, relettering former Subsec. (c) as Subsec. (b), and amended relettered Subsec. (b) to make technical changes in the name of the offense.
Under former statute, state has been held to be a “public community” and an employee has been held to be an “agent”. 159 C. 544.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 53a - Penal Code › Chapter 952 - Penal Code: Offenses › Section 53a-133. - Robbery defined.

A person commits robbery when, in the course of committing a larceny, he uses or threatens the immediate use of physical force upon another person for the purpose of: (1) Preventing or overcoming resistance to the taking of the property or to the retention thereof immediately after the taking; or (2) compelling the owner of such property or another person to deliver up the property or to engage in other conduct which aids in the commission of the larceny.
(1969, P.A. 828, S. 135.)
See Sec. 53a-119 for definition of “larceny”.
Defendant's ability to carry out threat of immediate physical force is not essential element of robbery. 175 C. 569. Cited. 176 C. 239; 178 C. 689; 179 C. 576; 180 C. 599; 181 C. 388; 182 C. 430; Id., 449; 183 C. 299; 185 C. 402; 189 C. 114; 190 C. 822; 195 C. 567; 196 C. 122; Id., 395; 199 C. 207; 201 C. 289; Id., 489; 202 C. 349; 206 C. 621; Id., 657; 209 C. 564; 210 C. 652; 211 C. 398; 212 C. 31; 216 C. 367; 219 C. 489; 223 C. 243; Id., 595; 225 C. 270; Id., 347; 230 C. 183; 232 C. 455; 233 C. 44; 235 C. 748; 241 C. 322; 242 C. 523; Id., 666. Use of force considered to be in course of robbery or attempted robbery within meaning of statute if it occurs during continuous sequence of events surrounding the taking or attempted taking, even though some time immediately before or after. 248 C. 472. A larceny by false pretenses that precedes the use of force can satisfy the larceny element of robbery under section if the force is used in order to retain the property immediately after the taking. 340 C. 447.
Cited. 1 CA 642; 8 CA 545; Id., 620; 9 CA 373; 10 CA 330; Id., 474; 12 CA 163; 13 CA 420; 19 CA 111; judgment reversed, see 215 C. 538; Id., 423; Id., 554; Id., 695; 20 CA 27; Id., 513; 21 CA 299; 24 CA 27; judgment reversed, see 220 C. 652; 25 CA 104; Id., 646; 27 CA 601; 28 CA 161; Id., 612; Id., 721; 31 CA 47; 32 CA 193; 33 CA 184; judgment reversed, see 232 C. 707; Id., 311; 34 CA 223; 35 CA 699; Id., 839; 36 CA 401; 38 CA 531; Id., 581; 39 CA 63; Id., 478; Id., 579; Id., 617; 41 CA 147; Id., 255; Id., 584; 43 CA 801; 44 CA 307; 45 CA 6; 46 CA 616; Id., 691; Id., 778. Term “purpose” is synonymous with the terms “object” and “intent”; completion of crime not required for conviction under section. 51 CA 541. Knife with a 6-inch blade displayed by defendant during a robbery was capable of causing death or serious physical injury and constituted a “dangerous instrument” and defendant, by his actions, demands for the money and manner of carrying the knife, used or threatened to use it during the robbery. 82 CA 823. Words in common usage can satisfy requirement of threat if jury could reasonably have inferred those words to mean “threat”. 93 CA 257. Defendant's actions in keeping victim's ATM card and the money and ordering victim out of vehicle at gun point were sufficient to constitute the “deliver up” of property within meaning of Subdiv. (2). 102 CA 532.
Cited. 41 CS 525.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 53a - Penal Code › Chapter 952 - Penal Code: Offenses › Section 53a-136. - Robbery in the third degree: Class D felony.

(a) A person is guilty of robbery in the third degree when he commits robbery as defined in section 53a-133.
(b) Robbery in the third degree is a class D felony.
(1969, P.A. 828, S. 138; P.A. 92-260, S. 60.)
History: P.A. 92-260 amended Subsec. (a) to add “as defined in section 53a-133”.
Cited. 169 C. 247; 171 C. 105; 181 C. 388; 185 C. 260; 188 C. 591; 190 C. 428; 192 C. 618; 197 C. 314; 198 C. 285; 199 C. 557; 202 C. 224; 205 C. 61; 209 C. 23; 210 C. 435; 218 C. 432; 219 C. 160; 239 C. 235. Rational basis exists for legislature to classify larceny from the person as a more serious offense than simple robbery and therefore the classification did not violate defendant's right to equal protection of the laws. 246 C. 132.
Cited. 5 CA 500; 7 CA 27; 8 CA 454; Id., 620; 13 CA 420; Id., 596; 14 CA 205; 16 CA 318; Id., 433; 17 CA 226; 19 CA 423; 20 CA 513; Id., 643; 21 CA 248; Id., 291; 22 CA 216; 24 CA 316; Id., 518; 26 CA 114; 27 CA 780; 35 CA 839; 39 CA 579; Id., 810; 40 CA 250; 44 CA 307; 46 CA 616; Id., 778.
Subsec. (a):
Cited. 185 C. 402; 201 C. 125; Id., 559; 211 C. 101; 220 C. 487; 242 C. 523.
Cited. 8 CA 35; 10 CA 330; 14 CA 493; 35 CA 201; 38 CA 531; 41 CA 255; Id., 584. Jury could reasonably find that defendant's threat was part of the same continuous transaction as the larceny; use or threatened use of a firearm is not an element of the crime. 100 CA 122.
Cited. 33 CS 599; 37 CS 520.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 53a - Penal Code › Chapter 952 - Penal Code: Offenses › Section 53a-136a. - Robbery involving occupied motor vehicle. Penalty.

Any person who commits robbery by taking a motor vehicle from the person of another knowing that such motor vehicle is occupied by such other person shall be imprisoned for a term of three years which shall not be suspended and shall be in addition and consecutive to any term of imprisonment imposed for such offense.
(P.A. 93-204.)
Cited. 46 CA 691. Section is a sentence enhancement provision and not a separate crime, notwithstanding the requirement of proof of an additional element to establish a violation of section. 100 CA 565.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 53a - Penal Code › Chapter 952 - Penal Code: Offenses › Section 53a-138. - Forgery in the first degree: Class C felony.

(a) A person is guilty of forgery in the first degree when, with intent to defraud, deceive or injure another, he falsely makes, completes or alters a written instrument or issues or possesses any written instrument which he knows to be forged, which is or purports to be, or which is calculated to become or represent if completed: (1) Part of an issue of money, stamps, securities or other valuable instruments issued by a government or governmental instrumentality; or (2) part of an issue of stock, bonds or other instruments representing interests in or claims against a corporate or other organization or its property.
(b) Forgery in the first degree is a class C felony.
(1969, P.A. 828, S. 140; P.A. 76-292, S. 1.)
History: P.A. 76-292 made first degree forgery a Class C, rather than a Class D, felony.
Cited. 11 CA 161; 37 CA 72; 47 CA 1.
Cited. 34 CS 606.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 53a - Penal Code › Chapter 952 - Penal Code: Offenses › Section 53a-139. - Forgery in the second degree: Class D felony.

(a) A person is guilty of forgery in the second degree when, with intent to defraud, deceive or injure another, he falsely makes, completes or alters a written instrument or issues or possesses any written instrument which he knows to be forged, which is or purports to be, or which is calculated to become or represent if completed: (1) A deed, will, codicil, contract, assignment, commercial instrument or other instrument which does or may evidence, create, transfer, terminate or otherwise affect a legal right, interest, obligation or status; or (2) a public record or an instrument filed or required or authorized by law to be filed in or with a public office or public servant; or (3) a written instrument officially issued or created by a public office, public servant or governmental instrumentality; or (4) a prescription of a duly licensed physician or other person authorized to issue the same for any drug or any instrument or device used in the taking or administering of drugs for which a prescription is required by law.
(b) “Drugs” as used in this section includes all drugs except controlled drugs as defined in section 21a-240.
(c) Forgery in the second degree is a class D felony.
(1969, P.A. 828, S. 141; 1971, P.A. 871, S. 38; P.A. 76-292, S. 2.)
History: 1971 act removed exception re narcotic drugs in Subsec. (b); P.A. 76-292 made second degree forgery a Class D felony rather than a Class A misdemeanor.
Cited. 201 C. 125; 207 C. 555. Defendant may be found guilty of forgery in the second degree if the state establishes that defendant, with intent to deceive another, falsely made, possessed or altered a written instrument that he or she knew to be forged. 252 C. 229.
Cited. 8 CA 342; 11 CA 161; 28 CA 521; 37 CA 72; 42 CA 790; 47 CA 1. Defendant's true identity is related directly to the crime and therefore defendant must be provided with “Miranda” warnings prior to being asked his or her identity as part of booking process. 103 CA 544. Whether the victim was in fact deceived is not an element of forgery in the second degree, belief of the victim is immaterial. 165 CA 791.
Cited. 34 CS 606.
Subsec. (a):
Cited. 169 C. 581; 195 C. 421; 198 C. 68; Id., 158; 199 C. 146; 235 C. 469.
Cited. 5 CA 473; 14 CA 1; 24 CA 493. Altered medical document can reasonably be found to be “other instrument” under Subdiv. (1) as such document may affect a legal right or interest; Subdivs. (1) to (4) are not mutually exclusive. 146 CA 17.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 53a - Penal Code › Chapter 952 - Penal Code: Offenses › Section 53a-140. - Forgery in the third degree: Class B misdemeanor.

(a) A person is guilty of forgery in the third degree when, with intent to defraud, deceive or injure another, he falsely makes, completes or alters a written instrument, or issues or possesses any written instrument which he knows to be forged.
(b) Forgery in the third degree is a class B misdemeanor.
(1969, P.A. 828, S. 142; 1971, P.A. 871, S. 39.)
History: 1971 act referred to issuance of instrument which person knows to be forged rather than to alteration of such an instrument.
Cited. 194 C. 233; 204 C. 441; 207 C. 109; 232 C. 431; judgment superseded by en banc reconsideration, see 235 C. 502; 235 C. 469.
Cited. 8 CA 342; 11 CA 161; 33 CA 339; judgment reversed in part, see 232 C. 431; judgment reversed on issues of sufficiency of evidence and jury misconduct, see 235 C. 502; 37 CA 72; Id., 437; 42 CA 790; 47 CA 1.
Subsec. (a):
The fact that insurer did not rely on the forged document had no bearing on question of whether defendant's conduct was sufficient for a conviction under Subsec. 119 CA 581.
Cited. 34 CS 606; Id., 656.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 53a - Penal Code › Chapter 952 - Penal Code: Offenses › Section 53a-141. - Criminal simulation: Class D felony.

(a) A person is guilty of criminal simulation when: (1) With intent to defraud, he makes or alters any object in such manner that it appears to have an antiquity, rarity, source or authorship which it does not in fact possess; or (2) with knowledge of its true character and with intent to defraud, he issues or possesses an object so simulated.
(b) Criminal simulation is a class D felony.
(1969, P.A. 828, S. 143; P.A. 07-206, S. 2.)
History: P.A. 07-206 changed penalty from class A misdemeanor to class D felony.
Cited. 11 CA 161; 47 CA 1.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 53a - Penal Code › Chapter 952 - Penal Code: Offenses › Section 53a-142. - Forgery of symbols: Class A misdemeanor.

(a) A person is guilty of forgery of symbols of value when, with intent to defraud, deceive or injure another, he falsely makes, completes or alters a written instrument or issues or possesses any written instrument which he knows to be forged, which is or purports to be, or which is calculated to become or represent if completed part of an issue of tokens, public transportation transfers, certificates or other articles manufactured and designed for use as symbols of value usable in place of money for the purchase of property or services.
(b) Forgery of symbols of value is a class A misdemeanor.
(1969, P.A. 828, S. 144.)
Cited. 11 CA 161; 47 CA 1.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 53a - Penal Code › Chapter 952 - Penal Code: Offenses › Section 53a-142a. - Filing a false record: Class D felony.

(a) A person is guilty of filing a false record against real or personal property when with intent to defraud, deceive, injure or harass another, he or she files, or causes to be filed with a municipality, a record he or she knows, or reasonably should know, is false. As used in this section, “record” means information that is inscribed on a tangible medium or that is stored in an electronic or other medium and is retrievable in perceivable form, and includes any record that is recorded in the office of the town clerk.
(b) A person is guilty of filing a false record under sections 42a-9-501 to 42a-9-526, inclusive, when with intent to defraud, deceive, injure or harass another, he or she files, or causes to be filed with the Secretary of the State or a municipality, a record he or she knows, or reasonably should know, is false.
(c) Filing of a false record is a class D felony.
(P.A. 17-99, S. 46.)
History: P.A. 17-99 effective January 1, 2018.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 53a - Penal Code › Chapter 952 - Penal Code: Offenses › Section 53a-143. - Unlawfully using slugs: Definitions.

The following definitions are applicable to sections 53a-144 and 53a-145:
(1) “Coin machine” means a coin box, turnstile, vending machine or other mechanical or electronic device or receptacle designed (A) to receive a coin or bill or token made for the purpose, and (B) in return for the insertion or deposit thereof, automatically to offer, to provide, to assist in providing or to permit the acquisition of some property or some service.
(2) “Slug” means an object or article which, by virtue of its size, shape or any other quality, is capable of being inserted or deposited in a coin machine as an improper substitute for a genuine coin, bill or token.
(3) “Value” of a slug means the value of the coin, bill or token for which it is capable of being substituted.
(1969, P.A. 828, S. 145.)
Cited. 11 CA 161.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 53a - Penal Code › Chapter 952 - Penal Code: Offenses › Section 53a-144. - Unlawfully using slugs in the first degree: Class B misdemeanor.

(a) A person is guilty of unlawfully using slugs in the first degree when he makes, possesses or disposes of slugs with intent to enable a person to insert or deposit them in a coin machine, and the value of such slugs exceeds one hundred dollars.
(b) Unlawfully using slugs in the first degree is a class B misdemeanor.
(1969, P.A. 828, S. 146.)
Cited. 11 CA 161.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 53a - Penal Code › Chapter 952 - Penal Code: Offenses › Section 53a-145. - Unlawfully using slugs in the second degree: Class C misdemeanor.

(a) A person is guilty of unlawfully using slugs in the second degree when: (1) With intent to defraud the owner of a coin machine, he inserts or deposits a slug in such machine; or (2) he makes, possesses or disposes of a slug with intent to enable a person to insert or deposit it in a coin machine.
(b) Unlawfully using slugs in the second degree is a class C misdemeanor.
(1969, P.A. 828, S. 147.)
Cited. 11 CA 161; 12 CA 74.