reglab/statecodes huggingface dataset:
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 42a - Uniform Commercial Code › Article 8 - Investment Securities › Section 42a-8-510. - Rights of purchaser of security entitlement from entitlement holder.

(a) In a case not covered by the priority rules in article 9 or the rules stated in subsection (c) of this section, an action based on an adverse claim to a financial asset or security entitlement, whether framed in conversion, replevin, constructive trust, equitable lien or other theory, may not be asserted against a person who purchases a security entitlement, or an interest therein, from an entitlement holder if the purchaser gives value, does not have notice of the adverse claim and obtains control.
(b) If an adverse claim could not have been asserted against an entitlement holder under section 42a-8-502, the adverse claim cannot be asserted against a person who purchases a security entitlement, or an interest therein, from the entitlement holder.
(c) In a case not covered by the priority rules in article 9, a purchaser for value of a security entitlement, or an interest therein, who obtains control has priority over a purchaser of a security entitlement, or an interest therein, who does not obtain control. Except as otherwise provided in subsection (d) of this section, purchasers who have control rank according to priority in time of:
(1) The purchaser's becoming the person for whom the securities account, in which the security entitlement is carried, is maintained, if the purchaser obtained control under subsection (d)(1) of section 42a-8-106;
(2) The securities intermediary's agreement to comply with the purchaser's entitlement orders with respect to security entitlements carried or to be carried in the securities account in which the security entitlement is carried, if the purchaser obtained control under subsection (d)(2) of section 42a-8-106; or
(3) If the purchaser obtained control through another person under subsection (d)(3) of section 42a-8-106, the time on which priority would be based under this subsection if the other person were the secured party.
(d) A securities intermediary as purchaser has priority over a conflicting purchaser who has control unless otherwise agreed by the securities intermediary.
(P.A. 97-182, S. 50; P.A. 98-93, S. 11, 15; P.A. 01-132, S. 151.)
History: P.A. 98-93 amended Subsec. (a) to replace “buys” with “purchases”, effective July 1, 1998; P.A. 01-132 amended Subsec. (a) to make provisions applicable “In a case not covered by the priority rules in article 9 or the rules stated in subsection (c) of this section”, amended Subsec. (c) to replace default rule that purchasers who have control rank equally with default rule that, except as provided in Subsec. (d), priority among purchasers who have control is determined by the time of certain events and add Subdivs. (1), (2) and (3) re such events, and designate as Subsec. (d) existing exception re the priority of a securities intermediary as purchaser over a conflicting purchaser who has control.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 42a - Uniform Commercial Code › Article 8 - Investment Securities › Section 42a-8-511. - Priority among security interests and entitlement holders.

(a) Except as otherwise provided in subsections (b) and (c) of this section, if a securities intermediary does not have sufficient interests in a particular financial asset to satisfy both its obligations to entitlement holders who have security entitlements to that financial asset and its obligation to a creditor of the securities intermediary who has a security interest in that financial asset, the claims of entitlement holders, other than the creditor, have priority over the claim of the creditor.
(b) A claim of a creditor of a securities intermediary who has a security interest in a financial asset held by a securities intermediary has priority over claims of the securities intermediary's entitlement holders who have security entitlements with respect to that financial asset if the creditor has control over the financial asset.
(c) If a clearing corporation does not have sufficient financial assets to satisfy both its obligations to entitlement holders who have security entitlements with respect to a financial asset and its obligation to a creditor of the clearing corporation who has a security interest in that financial asset, the claim of the creditor has priority over the claims of entitlement holders.
(P.A. 97-182, S. 51; P.A. 98-93, S. 12, 15.)
History: P.A. 98-93 amended Subsec. (a) to replace “subsection (b)” with “subsections (b) and (c)” and added new Subsec. (b) re the priority of the claim of a creditor of a securities intermediary who has a security interest in a financial asset held by a securities intermediary and has control over the financial asset, relettering former Subsec. (b) as Subsec. (c), effective July 1, 1998.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 42a - Uniform Commercial Code › Article 8 - Investment Securities › Section 42a-8-601. - Savings clause.

(a) Public act 97-182* does not affect an action or proceeding commenced before October 1, 1997.
(b) If a security interest in a security is perfected as of October 1, 1997, and the action by which the security interest was perfected would suffice to perfect a security interest under public act 97-182*, no further action is required to continue perfection. If a security interest in a security is perfected as of October 1, 1997, but the action by which the security interest was perfected would not suffice to perfect a security interests under public act 97-182*, the security interest remains perfected for a period of four months after October 1, 1997, and continues perfected thereafter if appropriate action to perfect under public act 97-182* is taken within that period. If a security interest is perfected as of October 1, 1997, and the security interest can be perfected by filing under public act 97-182*, a financing statement signed by the secured party instead of the debtor may be filed within that period to continue perfection or thereafter to perfect.
(P.A. 97-182, S. 67.)
*Note: Public act 97-182 is entitled “An Act Revising Article 8 of the Uniform Commercial Code Concerning Investment Securities”. (See Reference Table captioned “Public Acts of 1997” in Volume 16 which lists the sections amended, created or repealed by the act.)
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 42a - Uniform Commercial Code › Article 9 - Secured Transactions › Section 42a-9-101. - Short title.

This article may be cited as “Uniform Commercial Code
–
Secured Transactions”.
(1959, P.A. 133, S. 9-101; P.A. 01-132, S. 1.)
History: P.A. 01-132 replaced “shall be known and may be cited” with “may be cited”.
Cited. 4 CA 58.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 42a - Uniform Commercial Code › Article 9 - Secured Transactions › Section 42a-9-103. - Accounts, contract rights, general intangibles and equipment relating to another jurisdiction; incoming goods already subject to security interest.

Section 42a-9-103 is repealed.
(1959, P.A. 133, S. 9-103; 1963, P.A. 526, S. 21; P.A. 76-369, S. 8.)
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 42a - Uniform Commercial Code › Article 9 - Secured Transactions › Section 42a-9-104. - Control of deposit account.

(a) A secured party has control of a deposit account if:
(1) The secured party is the bank with which the deposit account is maintained;
(2) The debtor, secured party and bank have agreed in an authenticated record that the bank will comply with instructions originated by the secured party directing disposition of the funds in the deposit account without further consent by the debtor; or
(3) The secured party becomes the bank's customer with respect to the deposit account.
(b) A secured party that has satisfied subsection (a) of this section has control, even if the debtor retains the right to direct the disposition of funds from the deposit account.
(1959, P.A. 133, S. 9-104; P.A. 76-369, S. 10; P.A. 96-198, S. 21; P.A. 01-132, S. 4.)
History: P.A. 76-369 deleted specific reference to Ship Mortgage Act in Subdiv. (a), exempted transfer by governments or governmental agencies rather than equipment trusts covering railway rolling stock in Subdiv. (e), clarified exemption re contract rights and added transfers of single accounts as satisfaction of preexisting indebtedness in Subdiv. (f), added exception re proceeds in Subdiv. (g), specified applicability to judgments “taken on a right to payment which was collateral” in Subdiv. (h) and clarified exemption for deposit accounts in Subdiv. (k), adding exception re proceeds; P.A. 96-198 added Subdiv. (m) making article inapplicable to a transfer of an interest in a letter of credit other than the rights to proceeds of a written letter of credit; P.A. 01-132 replaced former provisions re transactions excluded from article with provisions re when a secured party has control of a deposit account.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 42a - Uniform Commercial Code › Article 9 - Secured Transactions › Section 42a-9-106. - Control of investment property.

(a) A person has control of a certificated security, uncertificated security or security entitlement as provided in section 42a-8-106.
(b) A secured party has control of a commodity contract if:
(1) The secured party is the commodity intermediary with which the commodity contract is carried; or
(2) The commodity customer, secured party and commodity intermediary have agreed that the commodity intermediary will apply any value distributed on account of the commodity contract as directed by the secured party without further consent by the commodity customer.
(c) A secured party having control of all security entitlements or commodity contracts carried in a securities account or commodity account has control over the securities account or commodity account.
(1959, P.A. 133, S. 9-106; P.A. 76-369, S. 12; P.A. 96-198, S. 23; P.A. 97-182, S. 54; P.A. 01-132, S. 6.)
History: P.A. 76-369 redefined “account” to specify right to payment “whether or not it has been earned by performance”, deleted definition of “contract right”, redefined “general intangibles” to include money and added provision re charter or contract involving use or hire of vessel; P.A. 96-198 redefined “general intangibles” to exclude “rights to proceeds of written letters of credit”; P.A. 97-182 redefined “general intangibles” to exclude investment property; P.A. 01-132 replaced former provisions defining “account” and “general intangibles” with provisions re when a person or secured party has control of investment property.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 42a - Uniform Commercial Code › Article 9 - Secured Transactions › Section 42a-9-107. - Control of letter-of-credit right.

A secured party has control of a letter-of-credit right to the extent of any right to payment or performance by the issuer or any nominated person if the issuer or nominated person has consented to an assignment of proceeds of the letter of credit under subsection (c) of section 42a-5-114 or otherwise applicable law or practice.
(1959, P.A. 133, S. 9-107; P.A. 01-132, S. 7.)
History: P.A. 01-132 replaced former provisions defining “purchase money security interest” with provisions re when a secured party has control of a letter-of-credit right.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 42a - Uniform Commercial Code › Article 9 - Secured Transactions › Section 42a-9-108. - Sufficiency of description.

(a) Except as otherwise provided in subsections (c), (d) and (e), a description of personal or real property is sufficient, whether or not it is specific, if it reasonably identifies what is described.
(b) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (d), a description of collateral reasonably identifies the collateral if it identifies the collateral by:
(1) Specific listing;
(2) Category;
(3) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (e), a type of collateral defined in this title;
(4) Quantity;
(5) Computational or allocational formula or procedure; or
(6) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (c), any other method, if the identity of the collateral is objectively determinable.
(c) A description of collateral as “all the debtor's assets” or “all the debtor's personal property” or using words of similar import does not reasonably identify the collateral.
(d) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (e), a description of a security entitlement, securities account or commodity account is sufficient if it describes:
(1) The collateral by those terms or as investment property; or
(2) The underlying financial asset or commodity contract.
(e) A description only by type of collateral defined in this title is an insufficient description of:
(1) A commercial tort claim; or
(2) In a consumer transaction, consumer goods, a security entitlement, a securities account or a commodity account.
(1959, P.A. 133, S. 9-108; P.A. 01-132, S. 8.)
History: P.A. 01-132 replaced former provisions re when after-acquired collateral is deemed to be taken for new value and not as security for an antecedent debt with provisions re when a description of real or personal property, collateral or investment property is sufficient.
Annotation to former section 42a-9-110:
Cited. 25 CS 335.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 42a - Uniform Commercial Code › Article 9 - Secured Transactions › Section 42a-9-110. - Security interests arising under article 2 or 2A.

A security interest arising under section 42a-2-401, section 42a-2-505, subsection (3) of section 42a-2-711 or subsection (d) of section 42a-2A-724 is subject to this article. However, until the debtor obtains possession of the goods;
(1) The security interest is enforceable, even if subdivision (3) of subsection (b) of section 42a-9-203 has not been satisfied;
(2) Filing is not required to perfect the security interest;
(3) The rights of the secured party after default by the debtor are governed by article 2 or 2A; and
(4) The security interest has priority over a conflicting security interest created by the debtor.
(1959, P.A. 133, S. 9-110; P.A. 01-132, S. 10; P.A. 02-131, S. 96.)
History: P.A. 01-132 replaced former provisions re when a description of personal property or real estate is sufficient with provisions re when a security interest arising under certain provisions of article 2 is subject to this article; P.A. 02-131 added references to Sec. 42a-2A-724(d) and article 2A.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 42a - Uniform Commercial Code › Article 9 - Secured Transactions › Section 42a-9-112 to 42a-9-116. - Where collateral is not owned by debtor. Security interests arising under article 2 on sales. Consignment. Investment property. Security interest arising in purchase or delivery of financial asset.

Sections 42a-9-112 to 42a-9-116, inclusive, are repealed, effective October 1, 2001.
(1959, P.A. 133, S. 9-112, 9-113; P.A. 76-369, S. 13; P.A. 93-314, S. 1; P.A. 97-182, S. 55, 56; P.A. 98-93, S. 13, 15; P.A. 01-132, S. 183.)
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 42a - Uniform Commercial Code › Article 9 - Secured Transactions › Section 42a-9-201. - General effectiveness of security agreement.

(a) Except as otherwise provided in this title, a security agreement is effective according to its terms between the parties, against purchasers of the collateral and against creditors.
(b) A transaction subject to this article is subject to any applicable rule of law which establishes a different rule for consumers and sections 36a-555 to 36a-573, inclusive, and sections 36a-770 to 36a-786, inclusive.
(c) In case of conflict between this article and a rule of law, statute or regulation described in subsection (b), the rule of law, statute or regulation controls. Failure to comply with a statute or regulation described in subsection (b) has only the effect the statute or regulation specifies.
(d) This article does not:
(1) Validate any rate, charge, agreement or practice that violates a rule of law, statute or regulation described in subsection (b); or
(2) Extend the application of the rule of law, statute or regulation to a transaction not otherwise subject to it.
(1959, P.A. 133, S. 9-201; P.A. 01-132, S. 11.)
History: P.A. 01-132 designated existing provision re general effectiveness of security agreement as Subsec. (a), added Subsec. (b) re applicability of consumer laws, added Subsec. (c) re primacy of other applicable law in case of conflict and designated existing provisions re deference to other applicable law as Subsec. (d) and amended to revise and rephrase provisions.
Cited. 168 C. 152; 211 C. 613. Former Sec. 42a-9-203(4) cited. 231 C. 707.
Cited. 18 CA 265.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 42a - Uniform Commercial Code › Article 9 - Secured Transactions › Section 42a-9-202. - Title to collateral immaterial.

Except as otherwise provided with respect to consignments or sales of accounts, chattel paper, payment intangibles or promissory notes, the provisions of this article with regard to rights and obligations apply whether title to collateral is in the secured party or the debtor.
(1959, P.A. 133, S. 9-202; P.A. 01-132, S. 12.)
History: P.A. 01-132 added “Except as otherwise provided with respect to consignments or sales of accounts, chattel paper, payment intangibles or promissory notes” and deleted reference to provisions re “remedies”.
Cited. 4 CA 58.
Cited. 25 CS 335.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 42a - Uniform Commercial Code › Article 9 - Secured Transactions › Section 42a-9-204. - After-acquired property. Future advances.

(a) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (b), a security agreement may create or provide for a security interest in after-acquired collateral.
(b) A security interest does not attach under a term constituting an after-acquired property clause to:
(1) Consumer goods, other than an accession when given as additional security, unless the debtor acquires rights in them within ten days after the secured party gives value; or
(2) A commercial tort claim.
(c) A security agreement may provide that collateral secures, or that accounts, chattel paper, payment intangibles or promissory notes are sold in connection with, future advances or other value, whether or not the advances or value are given pursuant to commitment.
(1959, P.A. 133, S. 9-204; P.A. 76-369, S. 15; P.A. 01-132, S. 14.)
History: P.A. 76-369 deleted former Subsecs. (1) to (4)(a) re attachment of security interest and debtor's rights, inserted new Subsec. (1), designated former Subsec. (4)(b) as Subsec. (2) and renumbered former Subsec. (5) as Subsec. (3); P.A. 01-132 redesignated former Subsecs. (1), (2) and (3) as Subsecs. (a), (b) and (c), amended Subsec. (a) to rephrase provisions, amended Subsec. (b) to rephrase provisions and add Subdiv. (2) re commercial tort claim and amended Subsec. (c) to rephrase provisions.
Security agreement including as collateral all inventory “owned or hereafter acquired” was applicable to inventory acquired after the agreement was filed. 168 C. 152.
Mere possession of property by debtor does not give him rights in it which he is required to have before it can be collateral in a security transaction. 25 CS 327. Cited. 35 CS 73.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 42a - Uniform Commercial Code › Article 9 - Secured Transactions › Section 42a-9-205. - Use or disposition of collateral permissible.

(a) A security interest is not invalid or fraudulent against creditors solely because:
(1) The debtor has the right or ability to:
(A) Use, commingle or dispose of all or part of the collateral, including returned or repossessed goods;
(B) Collect, compromise, enforce or otherwise deal with collateral;
(C) Accept the return of collateral or make repossessions; or
(D) Use, commingle or dispose of proceeds; or
(2) The secured party fails to require the debtor to account for proceeds or replace collateral.
(b) This section does not relax the requirements of possession if attachment, perfection or enforcement of a security interest depends upon possession of the collateral by the secured party.
(1959, P.A. 133, S. 9-205; P.A. 76-369, S. 16; P.A. 01-132, S. 15.)
History: P.A. 76-369 deleted reference to collection or compromise of contract rights; P.A. 01-132 rephrased provisions and inserted Subsec., Subdiv. and Subpara. designators.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 42a - Uniform Commercial Code › Article 9 - Secured Transactions › Section 42a-9-206. - Security interest arising in purchase or delivery of financial asset.

(a) A security interest in favor of a securities intermediary attaches to a person's security entitlement if:
(1) The person buys a financial asset through the securities intermediary in a transaction in which the person is obligated to pay the purchase price to the securities intermediary at the time of the purchase; and
(2) The securities intermediary credits the financial asset to the buyer's securities account before the buyer pays the securities intermediary.
(b) The security interest described in subsection (a) secures the person's obligation to pay for the financial asset.
(c) A security interest in favor of a person that delivers a certificated security or other financial asset represented by a writing attaches to the security or other financial asset if:
(1) The security or other financial asset:
(A) In the ordinary course of business is transferred by delivery with any necessary endorsement or assignment; and
(B) Is delivered under an agreement between persons in the business of dealing with such securities or financial assets; and
(2) The agreement calls for delivery against payment.
(d) The security interest described in subsection (c) secures the obligation to make payment for the delivery.
(1959, P.A. 133, S. 9-206; 1963, P.A. 526, S. 22; P.A. 01-132, S. 16.)
History: 1963 act added references to lessees and lessors in Subsec. (1); P.A. 01-132 replaced former provisions re enforceability of agreement by a buyer or lessee not to assert claims or defenses against an assignee and re applicability of article 2 to a sale and the seller's warranties when a seller retains a purchase money security interest in goods with provisions re security interest arising in the purchase or delivery of financial asset.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 42a - Uniform Commercial Code › Article 9 - Secured Transactions › Section 42a-9-206a. - Effectiveness of security agreement in household furniture.

Any agreement for security in household furniture owned and in the possession of an individual and used primarily for housekeeping purposes shall be effective only to the extent that the agreement involves a purchase-money security interest as provided in section 42a-9-103a.
(P.A. 01-132, S. 182.)
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 42a - Uniform Commercial Code › Article 9 - Secured Transactions › Section 42a-9-207. - Rights and duties of secured party having possession or control of collateral.

(a) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (d), a secured party shall use reasonable care in the custody and preservation of collateral in the secured party's possession. In the case of chattel paper or an instrument, reasonable care includes taking necessary steps to preserve rights against prior parties unless otherwise agreed.
(b) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (d), if a secured party has possession of collateral:
(1) Reasonable expenses, including the cost of insurance and payment of taxes or other charges, incurred in the custody, preservation, use or operation of the collateral are chargeable to the debtor and are secured by the collateral;
(2) The risk of accidental loss or damage is on the secured party to the extent of a deficiency in any effective insurance coverage;
(3) The secured party shall keep the collateral identifiable, but fungible collateral may be commingled; and
(4) The secured party may use or operate the collateral:
(A) For the purpose of preserving the collateral or its value;
(B) As permitted by an order of a court having competent jurisdiction; or
(C) Except in the case of consumer goods, in the manner and to the extent agreed by the debtor.
(c) Except as otherwise agreed by a debtor other than a consumer debtor or as otherwise provided in subsection (d) of this section, a secured party having possession of collateral or control of collateral under section 42a-7-106, 42a-9-104, 42a-9-105, 42a-9-106 or 42a-9-107:
(1) May hold as additional security any proceeds, except money or funds, received from the collateral;
(2) Shall apply money or funds received from the collateral to reduce the secured obligation, unless remitted to the debtor; and
(3) May create a security interest in the collateral.
(d) If the secured party is a buyer of accounts, chattel paper, payment intangibles or promissory notes or a consignor:
(1) Subsection (a) does not apply unless the secured party is entitled under an agreement:
(A) To charge back uncollected collateral; or
(B) Otherwise to full or limited recourse against the debtor or a secondary obligor based on the nonpayment or other default of an account debtor or other obligor on the collateral; and
(2) Subsections (b) and (c) do not apply.
(1959, P.A. 133, S. 9-207; P.A. 01-132, S. 17; P.A. 04-64, S. 63.)
History: P.A. 01-132 substantially revised and reordered provisions including replacing numeric Subsec. designators with alphabetic designators and alphabetic Subdiv. designators with numeric designators, amending Subsec. (b)(2) to shift the risk of accidental loss or damage from the debtor to the secured party and adding Subsec. (d) re applicability of section if the secured party is a buyer of accounts, chattel paper, payment intangibles or promissory notes or a consignor; P.A. 04-64 amended Subsec. (c) by making a technical change and adding reference to Sec. 42a-7-106 to conform to revisions made to article 7 by the same act.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 42a - Uniform Commercial Code › Article 9 - Secured Transactions › Section 42a-9-209. - Duties of secured party if account debtor has been notified of assignment.

(a) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (c), this section applies if:
(1) There is no outstanding secured obligation; and
(2) The secured party is not committed to make advances, incur obligations or otherwise give value.
(b) Within ten days after receiving an authenticated demand by the debtor, a secured party shall send to an account debtor that has received notification of an assignment to the secured party as assignee under subsection (a) of section 42a-9-406 an authenticated record that releases the account debtor from any further obligation to the secured party.
(c) This section does not apply to an assignment constituting the sale of an account, chattel paper or payment intangible.
(1963, P.A. 526, S. 23; P.A. 01-132, S. 19.)
History: P.A. 01-132 replaced former provisions re effectiveness of a security agreement in household furniture with provisions re duties of a secured party if an account debtor has been notified of an assignment.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 42a - Uniform Commercial Code › Article 9 - Secured Transactions › Section 42a-9-301. - Law governing perfection and priority of security interests.

Except as otherwise provided in sections 42a-9-303 to 42a-9-306, inclusive, the following rules determine the law governing perfection, the effect of perfection or nonperfection and the priority of a security interest in collateral:
(1) Except as otherwise provided in this section, while a debtor is located in a jurisdiction, the local law of that jurisdiction governs perfection, the effect of perfection or nonperfection and the priority of a security interest in collateral.
(2) While collateral is located in a jurisdiction, the local law of that jurisdiction governs perfection, the effect of perfection or nonperfection and the priority of a possessory security interest in that collateral.
(3) Except as otherwise provided in subdivision (4) of this section, while tangible negotiable documents, goods, instruments, money or tangible chattel paper is located in a jurisdiction, the local law of that jurisdiction governs:
(A) Perfection of a security interest in the goods by filing a fixture filing;
(B) Perfection of a security interest in timber to be cut; and
(C) The effect of perfection or nonperfection and the priority of a nonpossessory security interest in the collateral.
(4) The local law of the jurisdiction in which the wellhead or minehead is located governs perfection, the effect of perfection or nonperfection and the priority of a security interest in as-extracted collateral.
(1959, P.A. 133, S. 9-301; P.A. 76-369, S. 17; P.A. 93-21, S. 1; P.A. 97-182, S. 58; P.A. 01-132, S. 21; P.A. 04-64, S. 65.)
History: P.A. 76-369 added reference to buyers of farm products in Subsec. (1)(c), deleted reference to contract rights in Subsec. (1)(d), deleted provision in Subsec. (3) which stated “Unless all the creditors represented had knowledge of the security interest such a representative of creditors is a lien creditor without knowledge even though he personally has knowledge of the security interest”, added Subsec. (4), and changed wording slightly in Subsecs. (1)(a) and (2) for clarity; P.A. 93-21 amended Subsec. (2) to increase the number of days from 10 to 20 in which the filing of the purchase money security interest is made after the debtor receives possession of the collateral; P.A. 97-182 amended Subsec. (1)(d) to add “investment property”; P.A. 01-132 replaced former provisions re persons who take priority over an unperfected security interest and when a person who becomes a lien creditor takes subject to the security interest with provisions re the law governing perfection, the effect of perfection or nonperfection and the priority of a security interest in collateral; P.A. 04-64 amended Subdiv. (3) by making a technical change and adding reference to “tangible” negotiable documents to conform to revisions made to article 7 by the same act.
Annotation to former section 42a-9-103a(3):
Auto brought into Connecticut with perfected interest has perfected interest for 4 months without filing. 6 Conn. Cir. Ct. 499.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 42a - Uniform Commercial Code › Article 9 - Secured Transactions › Section 42a-9-302. - Law governing perfection and priority of agricultural liens.

While farm products are located in a jurisdiction, the local law of that jurisdiction governs perfection, the effect of perfection or nonperfection and the priority of an agricultural lien on the farm products.
(1959, P.A. 133, S. 9-302; 1961, P.A. 116, S. 11; 573, S. 4; 1963, P.A. 650, S. 2; P.A. 76-369, S. 18; P.A. 79-435, S. 48; P.A. 85-246, S. 21; May Sp. Sess. P.A. 92-11, S. 29, 70; P.A. 97-182, S. 59; P.A. 01-132, S. 22.)
History: 1961 acts amended Subsec. (4) for conformity with motor vehicle certificate of title act and added Subsec. (5); 1963 act specified that article provisions do not apply to “a security interest in property in the state of Connecticut created pursuant to chapter 128”; P.A. 76-369 amended Subsec. (1) to delete exception re purchase money security interest in farm equipment with purchase price of $2500 or less, unless equipment is a fixture under Sec. 42a-9-313 or a motor vehicle which must be licensed, inserting in its stead exception re security interest created by assignment of beneficial interest in trust or estate, to clarify Subdiv. (d), to delete contract rights in Subdiv. (e) and to add Subdiv. (g), deleted former Subsecs. (3) and (4) which excepted security interests in property in this or other states from filing requirements under certain circumstances and which outlined perfection of security interest in certain vehicles, inserting new Subsecs. (3) and (4) in their stead; P.A. 79-435 included “securities as provided in section 42a-8-321” in Subsec. (1)(f); P.A. 85-246 deleted reference to street railway company in Subsec. (5); May Sp. Sess. P.A. 92-11 amended Subsec. (1)(f) to replace reference to Sec. 42a-4-208 with Sec. 42a-4-210; P.A. 97-182 amended Subsec. (1) to add “certificated securities” in Subdiv. (b), delete in Subdiv. (f) a reference to a security interest “in securities as provided in Sec. 42a-8-321” and add Subdiv. (h) re a security interest in investment property which is perfected without filing under Sec. 42a-9-115 or 42a-9-116; P.A. 01-132 replaced former provisions re when filing is required to perfect a security interest and security interests to which the filing provisions of this article do not apply with provisions re the law governing perfection, the effect of perfection or nonperfection and the priority of an agricultural lien on farm products.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 42a - Uniform Commercial Code › Article 9 - Secured Transactions › Section 42a-9-303. - Law governing perfection and priority of security interests in goods covered by a certificate of title.

(a) This section applies to goods covered by a certificate of title, even if there is no other relationship between the jurisdiction under whose certificate of title the goods are covered and the goods or the debtor.
(b) Goods become covered by a certificate of title when a valid application for the certificate of title and the applicable fee are delivered to the appropriate authority. Goods cease to be covered by a certificate of title at the earlier of the time the certificate of title ceases to be effective under the law of the issuing jurisdiction or the time the goods become covered subsequently by a certificate of title issued by another jurisdiction.
(c) The local law of the jurisdiction under whose certificate of title the goods are covered governs perfection, the effect of perfection or nonperfection and the priority of a security interest in goods covered by a certificate of title from the time the goods become covered by the certificate of title until the goods cease to be covered by the certificate of title.
(1959, P.A. 133, S. 9-303; P.A. 01-132, S. 23.)
History: P.A. 01-132 replaced former provisions re when a security interest is perfected and when a security interest is deemed to be perfected continuously with provisions re the law governing perfection, the effect of perfection or nonperfection and the priority of a security interest in goods covered by a certificate of title.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 42a - Uniform Commercial Code › Article 9 - Secured Transactions › Section 42a-9-304. - Law governing perfection and priority of security interests in deposit accounts.

(a) The local law of a bank's jurisdiction governs perfection, the effect of perfection or nonperfection and the priority of a security interest in a deposit account maintained with that bank.
(b) The following rules determine a bank's jurisdiction for purposes of this part:
(1) If an agreement between the bank and the debtor governing the deposit account expressly provides that a particular jurisdiction is the bank's jurisdiction for purposes of this part, this article or this title, that jurisdiction is the bank's jurisdiction.
(2) If subdivision (1) does not apply and an agreement between the bank and its customer governing the deposit account expressly provides that the agreement is governed by the law of a particular jurisdiction, that jurisdiction is the bank's jurisdiction.
(3) If neither subdivision (1) nor subdivision (2) applies and an agreement between the bank and its customer governing the deposit account expressly provides that the deposit account is maintained at an office in a particular jurisdiction, that jurisdiction is the bank's jurisdiction.
(4) If none of the preceding subdivisions applies, the bank's jurisdiction is the jurisdiction in which the office identified in an account statement as the office serving the customer's account is located.
(5) If none of the preceding subdivisions applies, the bank's jurisdiction is the jurisdiction in which the chief executive office of the bank is located.
(1959, P.A. 133, S. 9-304; P.A. 76-369, S. 19, 20; P.A. 79-435, S. 49; P.A. 96-198, S. 24; P.A. 97-182, S. 60; P.A. 01-132, S. 24.)
History: P.A. 76-369 included security interests “in money” in Subsec. (1) and added reference to Subsecs. (2) and (3) of Sec. 42a-9-306 and specified in Subsec. (5)(a) that priority between conflicting security interests in goods is subject to Sec. 42a-9-312(3); P.A. 79-435 specified applicability to instruments “other than certificated securities” in Subsecs. (1), (4) and (5); P.A. 96-198 amended Subsec. (1) to add provision that a security interest in the rights to proceeds of a written letter of credit can be perfected only by the secured party's taking possession of the letter of credit; P.A. 97-182 amended Subsecs. (1), (4) and (5) to make provisions applicable to a security interest in a certificated security by deleting the provisions that excluded certificated securities from the term “instruments” and amended Subsec. (5) to include the delivery of a certificated security in Subdiv. (b); P.A. 01-132 replaced former provisions re manner of perfecting a security interest in instruments, documents, proceeds of a letter of credit and goods covered by documents and temporary perfection without filing or transfer of possession with provisions re the law governing perfection, the effect of perfection or nonperfection and the priority of a security interest in a deposit account maintained with a bank.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 42a - Uniform Commercial Code › Article 9 - Secured Transactions › Section 42a-9-306. - Law governing perfection and priority of security interests in letter-of-credit rights.

(a) Subject to subsection (c), the local law of the issuer's jurisdiction or a nominated person's jurisdiction governs perfection, the effect of perfection or nonperfection and the priority of a security interest in a letter-of-credit right if the issuer's jurisdiction or nominated person's jurisdiction is a state.
(b) For purposes of this part, an issuer's jurisdiction or nominated person's jurisdiction is the jurisdiction whose law governs the liability of the issuer or nominated person with respect to the letter-of-credit right as provided in section 42a-5-116.
(c) This section does not apply to a security interest that is perfected only under subsection (d) of section 42a-9-308.
(1959, P.A. 133, S. 9-306; P.A. 76-369, S. 22; P.A. 97-182, S. 62; P.A. 01-132, S. 26.)
History: P.A. 76-369 redefined “proceeds” and included deposit accounts as “cash proceeds” in Subsec. (1), clarified financing statement required in Subsec. (3), clarified applicability of Subsec. (4) to deposit accounts and clarified provisions of that Subsec. re security interest in debtor's cash and accounts; P.A. 97-182 added new Subsec. (3)(c) re the circumstance when the original collateral was investment property and the proceeds are identifiable cash proceeds, relettering former Subdiv. (c) as (d); P.A. 01-132 replaced former provisions re the rights of a secured party upon disposition of collateral and in proceeds with provisions re the law governing perfection, the effect of perfection or nonperfection and the priority of a security interest in a letter-of-credit right.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 42a - Uniform Commercial Code › Article 9 - Secured Transactions › Section 42a-9-308. - When security interest or agricultural lien is perfected. Continuity of perfection.

(a) Except as otherwise provided in this section and section 42a-9-309, a security interest is perfected if it has attached and all of the applicable requirements for perfection in sections 42a-9-310 to 42a-9-316, inclusive, have been satisfied. A security interest is perfected when it attaches if the applicable requirements are satisfied before the security interest attaches.
(b) An agricultural lien is perfected if it has become effective and all of the applicable requirements for perfection in section 42a-9-310 have been satisfied. An agricultural lien is perfected when it becomes effective if the applicable requirements are satisfied before the agricultural lien becomes effective.
(c) A security interest or agricultural lien is perfected continuously if it is originally perfected by one method under this article and is later perfected by another method under this article, without an intermediate period when it was unperfected.
(d) Perfection of a security interest in collateral also perfects a security interest in a supporting obligation for the collateral.
(e) Perfection of a security interest in a right to payment or performance also perfects a security interest in a security interest, mortgage or other lien on personal or real property securing the right.
(f) Perfection of a security interest in a securities account also perfects a security interest in the security entitlements carried in the securities account.
(g) Perfection of a security interest in a commodity account also perfects a security interest in the commodity contracts carried in the commodity account.
(1959, P.A. 133, S. 9-308; P.A. 76-369, S. 24; P.A. 01-132, S. 28.)
History: P.A. 76-369 rephrased provision re priority of purchaser of chattel paper or instrument over security interest and deleted “nonnegotiable” as modifier of “instrument”; P.A. 01-132 replaced former provisions re when a purchaser of chattel paper or an instrument has priority over a security interest in the chattel paper or instrument with provisions re when a security interest or agricultural lien is perfected and the continuity of perfection.
Annotation to former section 42a-9-303(1):
Cited. 221 C. 77.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 42a - Uniform Commercial Code › Article 9 - Secured Transactions › Section 42a-9-309. - Security interest perfected upon attachment.

The following security interests are perfected when they attach:
(1) A purchase-money security interest in consumer goods, except as otherwise provided in subsection (b) of section 42a-9-311 with respect to consumer goods that are subject to a statute or treaty described in subsection (a) of section 42a-9-311;
(2) An assignment of accounts or payment intangibles which does not by itself or in conjunction with other assignments to the same assignee transfer a significant part of the assignor's outstanding accounts or payment intangibles;
(3) A sale of a payment intangible;
(4) A sale of a promissory note;
(5) A security interest created by the assignment of a health-care-insurance receivable to the provider of the health-care goods or services;
(6) A security interest arising under section 42a-2-401, section 42a-2-505, subsection (3) of section 42a-2-711 or subsection (d) of section 42a-2A-724, until the debtor obtains possession of the collateral;
(7) A security interest of a collecting bank arising under section 42a-4-210;
(8) A security interest of an issuer or nominated person arising under section 42a-5-118;
(9) A security interest arising in the delivery of a financial asset under subsection (c) of section 42a-9-206;
(10) A security interest in investment property created by a broker or securities intermediary;
(11) A security interest in a commodity contract or a commodity account created by a commodity intermediary;
(12) An assignment for the benefit of all creditors of the transferor and subsequent transfers by the assignee thereunder; and
(13) A security interest created by an assignment of a beneficial interest in a decedent's estate.
(1959, P.A. 133, S. 9-309; P.A. 79-435, S. 51; P.A. 97-182, S. 63; P.A. 01-132, S. 29; P.A. 02-131, S. 98.)
History: P.A. 79-435 substituted reference to Sec. 42a-8-302 for reference to Sec. 42a-8-301; P.A. 97-182 replaced “bona fide purchaser” with “protected purchaser” and replaced reference to Sec. 42a-8-302 with Sec. 42a-8-303; P.A. 01-132 replaced former provisions re protection of purchasers of instruments, documents and securities with provisions re security interests that are perfected when they attach; P.A. 02-131 amended Subdiv. (6) by adding reference to Sec. 42a-2A-724(d).
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 42a - Uniform Commercial Code › Article 9 - Secured Transactions › Section 42a-9-310. - When filing required to perfect security interest or agricultural lien. Security interests and agricultural liens. Security interests and agricultural liens to which filing provisions do not apply.

(a) Except as otherwise provided in subsection (b) of this section and subsection (b) of section 42a-9-312, a financing statement must be filed to perfect all security interests and agricultural liens.
(b) The filing of a financing statement is not necessary to perfect a security interest:
(1) That is perfected under subsection (d), (e), (f) or (g) of section 42a-9-308;
(2) That is perfected under section 42a-9-309 when it attaches;
(3) In property subject to a statute, regulation or treaty described in subsection (a) of section 42a-9-311;
(4) In goods in possession of a bailee which is perfected under subdivision (1) or (2) of subsection (d) of section 42a-9-312;
(5) In certificated securities, documents, goods or instruments which is perfected without filing, control or possession under subsection (e), (f) or (g) of section 42a-9-312;
(6) In collateral in the secured party's possession under section 42a-9-313;
(7) In a certificated security which is perfected by delivery of the security certificate to the secured party under section 42a-9-313;
(8) In deposit accounts, electronic chattel paper, electronic documents, investment property or letter-of-credit rights which is perfected by control under section 42a-9-314;
(9) In proceeds which is perfected under section 42a-9-315; or
(10) That is perfected under section 42a-9-316.
(c) If a secured party assigns a perfected security interest or agricultural lien, a filing under this article is not required to continue the perfected status of the security interest against creditors of and transferees from the original debtor.
(1959, P.A. 133, S. 9-310; P.A. 01-132, S. 30; P.A. 04-64, S. 66.)
History: P.A. 01-132 replaced former provisions re priority of certain liens upon goods arising by operation of law with provisions re when the filing of a financing statement is necessary to perfect a security interest or agricultural lien and re security interests to which the filing provisions do not apply; P.A. 04-64 amended Subsec. (b)(5) by adding “control” and Subsec. (b)(8) by adding “electronic documents” to conform to revisions made to article 7 by the same act.
Annotations to former section 42a-9-302:
Cited. 1 CA 595; 18 CA 265.
Cited. 25 CS 335; 31 CS 523; 33 CS 616.
2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 42a - Uniform Commercial Code › Article 9 - Secured Transactions › Section 42a-9-314. - Perfection by control.

(a) A security interest in investment property, deposit accounts, letter-of-credit rights, electronic chattel paper or electronic documents may be perfected by control of the collateral under section 42a-7-106, 42a-9-104, 42a-9-105, 42a-9-106 or 42a-9-107.
(b) A security interest in deposit accounts, electronic chattel paper, letter-of-credit rights or electronic documents is perfected by control under section 42a-7-106, 42a-9-104, 42a-9-105 or 42a-9-107 when the secured party obtains control and remains perfected by control only while the secured party retains control.
(c) A security interest in investment property is perfected by control under section 42a-9-106 from the time the secured party obtains control and remains perfected by control until:
(1) The secured party does not have control; and
(2) One of the following occurs:
(A) If the collateral is a certificated security, the debtor has or acquires possession of the security certificate;
(B) If the collateral is an uncertificated security, the issuer has registered or registers the debtor as the registered owner; or
(C) If the collateral is a security entitlement, the debtor is or becomes the entitlement holder.
(1959, P.A. 133, S. 9-314; P.A. 01-132, S. 34; P.A. 04-64, S. 69.)
History: P.A. 01-132 replaced former provisions re accessions with provisions re when a security interest is perfected by control; P.A. 04-64 amended Subsecs. (a) and (b) by adding “or electronic documents” and adding reference to Sec. 42a-7-106 to conform to revisions made to article 7 by the same act.