reglab/statecodes huggingface dataset:
2023 Colorado Revised Statutes › Title 18 - CRIMINAL CODE (§§ 18-1-101 — 18-26-102) › Article 8 - OFFENSES - GOVERNMENTAL OPERATIONS (§§ 18-8-101 — 18-8-805) › Part 2 - ESCAPE AND OFFENSES RELATING TO CUSTODY (§§ 18-8-201 — 18-8-213) › Section 18-8-207 - Holding hostages

Any person in lawful custody or confinement within the state who, while escaping or attempting to escape, holds as hostage any person or by force or threat of force holds any person against his will commits a class 2 felony.
L. 71: R&RE, p. 458, § 1. C.R.S. 1963: § 40-8-207. L. 83: Entire section amended, p. 708, § 2, effective July 1.
2023 Colorado Revised Statutes › Title 18 - CRIMINAL CODE (§§ 18-1-101 — 18-26-102) › Article 8 - OFFENSES - GOVERNMENTAL OPERATIONS (§§ 18-8-101 — 18-8-805) › Part 2 - ESCAPE AND OFFENSES RELATING TO CUSTODY (§§ 18-8-201 — 18-8-213) › Section 18-8-209 - Concurrent and consecutive sentences

(1)
Except as otherwise provided in subsection (2) of this section, any sentence imposed following conviction of an offense under sections
18-8-201
to
18-8-208
or section
18-8-211
shall run consecutively and not concurrently with any sentence which the offender was serving at the time of the conduct prohibited by those sections.
(2)
If an offender was serving a direct sentence to a community corrections program pursuant to section
18-1.3-301
or was in an intensive supervision parole program pursuant to section
17-27.5-101
, C.R.S., at the time he or she committed an offense specified in section
18-8-201
or
18-8-208
, the sentence imposed following a conviction of said offense may run concurrently with any sentence the offender was serving at the time he or she committed said offense.
L. 71: R&RE, p. 459, § 1. C.R.S. 1963: § 40-8-209. L. 76, Ex. Sess.: Entire section amended, p. 14, § 2, effective September 18. L. 2010: Entire section amended, (HB 10-1373), ch. 260, p. 1179, §2, effective May 25.
2023 Colorado Revised Statutes › Title 18 - CRIMINAL CODE (§§ 18-1-101 — 18-26-102) › Article 8 - OFFENSES - GOVERNMENTAL OPERATIONS (§§ 18-8-101 — 18-8-805) › Part 2 - ESCAPE AND OFFENSES RELATING TO CUSTODY (§§ 18-8-201 — 18-8-213) › Section 18-8-210 - [Repealed]

Repealed by 2021 Ch. 462, § 292, eff. 3/1/2022.
L. 72: p. 275, § 6. C.R.S. 1963: § 40-8-210. L. 2021: (2) added by revision, (SB 21-271), ch. 462, pp. 3199, 3331, §§ 292, 803.
Section 803(2) of chapter 462 (SB 21-271), Session Laws of Colorado 2021, provides that the act repealing this section applies to offenses committed on or after March 1, 2022.
2023 Colorado Revised Statutes › Title 18 - CRIMINAL CODE (§§ 18-1-101 — 18-26-102) › Article 8 - OFFENSES - GOVERNMENTAL OPERATIONS (§§ 18-8-101 — 18-8-805) › Part 2 - ESCAPE AND OFFENSES RELATING TO CUSTODY (§§ 18-8-201 — 18-8-213) › Section 18-8-210.1 - Persons in custody or confinement - juvenile offenders

For the purposes of this part 2, any reference to custody, confinement, charged with, held for, convicted of, a felony, misdemeanor, or petty offense includes a juvenile who is detained or committed for the commission of an act that would constitute such a felony, misdemeanor, or petty offense if committed by an adult or who is the subject of a petition filed pursuant to article
2.5
of title
19
alleging the commission of such a delinquent act or a juvenile who has been adjudicated a juvenile delinquent pursuant to article
2.5
of title
19
for an act that would constitute a felony, misdemeanor, or petty offense if committed by an adult.
Amended by 2021 Ch. 136, § 54, eff. 10/1/2021.
Amended by 2013 Ch. 272, § 10, eff. 7/1/2013.
L. 83: Entire section added, p. 708, § 3, effective July 1. L. 87: Entire section amended, p. 817, § 23, effective October 1. L. 2013: Entire section amended, (SB 13-229), ch. 1430, p. 1430, § 10, effective July 1. L. 2021: Entire section amended, (SB 21-059), ch. 724, p. 724, § 54, effective October 1.
2023 Colorado Revised Statutes › Title 18 - CRIMINAL CODE (§§ 18-1-101 — 18-26-102) › Article 8 - OFFENSES - GOVERNMENTAL OPERATIONS (§§ 18-8-101 — 18-8-805) › Part 2 - ESCAPE AND OFFENSES RELATING TO CUSTODY (§§ 18-8-201 — 18-8-213) › Section 18-8-210.2 - Persons in custody or confinement

For the purposes of this part 2, any reference to custody, confinement, charged with, held for, or convicted of, a felony, misdemeanor, or petty offense shall be deemed to include any felony, misdemeanor, or petty offense under the laws of this state and any felony, misdemeanor, or petty offense having similar elements under the laws of another state, the United States, or any territory subject to the jurisdiction of the United States.
L. 99: Entire section added, p. 798, § 14, effective July 1.
2023 Colorado Revised Statutes › Title 18 - CRIMINAL CODE (§§ 18-1-101 — 18-26-102) › Article 8 - OFFENSES - GOVERNMENTAL OPERATIONS (§§ 18-8-101 — 18-8-805) › Part 2 - ESCAPE AND OFFENSES RELATING TO CUSTODY (§§ 18-8-201 — 18-8-213) › Section 18-8-211 - Riots in detention facilities

(1)
A person confined in any detention facility within the state commits active participation in a riot when he, with two or more other persons, actively participates in violent conduct that creates grave danger of, or does cause, damage to property or injury to persons and substantially obstructs the performance of institutional functions, or commands, induces, entreats, or otherwise attempts to persuade others to engage in such conduct.
(2)
Active participation in a riot by any person while confined in any detention facility within the state:
(a)
Is a class 3 felony if the participant employs in the course of such participation a deadly weapon, as defined in section
18-1-901(3)(e)
, destructive device, as defined in section
18-9-101(1)
, or any article used or fashioned in a manner to cause a person to reasonably believe that the article is a deadly weapon, or if the participant, in the course of such participation, represents verbally or otherwise that he or she is armed with a deadly weapon; or
(b)
Is a class 4 felony if the participant does not employ any such weapon or device in the course of such participation.
(3)
A person confined in any detention facility in this state commits a class 5 felony if, during a riot or when a riot is impending, he intentionally disobeys an order of a detention officer to move, disperse, or refrain from specified activities in the immediate vicinity of the riot or impending riot.
(4)
"Detention facility", as used in this section, means any building, structure, enclosure, vehicle, institution, or place, whether permanent or temporary, fixed or mobile, where persons are or may be lawfully held in custody or confinement under the authority of the state of Colorado or any political subdivision of the state of Colorado.
Amended by 2023 Ch. 298,§ 28, eff. 10/1/2023.
L. 76, Ex. Sess.: Entire section added, p. 14, § 1, effective September 18. L. 77:(4) amended, p. 949, § 12, effective July 13. L. 79:Entire section amended, p. 701, § 3, effective July 1; (1) amended, p. 725, § 2, effective October 1. L. 86:(1), IP(2), (2)(b), and (3) amended and (4) R&RE, p. 771, §§ 10, 11, effective July 1. L. 2000:(2)(a) amended, p. 696, § 9, effective July 1. L. 2023:(2)(b) amended,(HB 23-1293), ch. 298, p. 1788, § 28, effective October 1. .
2023 Colorado Revised Statutes › Title 18 - CRIMINAL CODE (§§ 18-1-101 — 18-26-102) › Article 8 - OFFENSES - GOVERNMENTAL OPERATIONS (§§ 18-8-101 — 18-8-805) › Part 2 - ESCAPE AND OFFENSES RELATING TO CUSTODY (§§ 18-8-201 — 18-8-213) › Section 18-8-213 - Unauthorized residency by an adult offender from another state

(1)
A person commits the crime of unauthorized residency by an adult offender if the person, in order to stay in the state, is required to have the permission of the compact administrator or a designated deputy of the compact administrator of the interstate compact for adult offender supervision established pursuant to part 28 of article
60
of title
24
, C.R.S., and the person:
(a)
Is not a resident of this state, has not been accepted by the compact administrator of the interstate compact for adult offender supervision established pursuant to part 28 of article
60
of title
24
, C.R.S., and is found residing in this state; or
(b)
Is a resident of this state, has not been accepted by the compact administrator of the interstate compact for adult offender supervision established pursuant to part 28 of article
60
of title
24
, C.R.S., and is found residing in this state more than ninety days after his or her transfer from the receiving state.
(2)
Unauthorized residency by a parolee or probationer is a class 5 felony.
L. 2000: Entire section added, p. 234, § 2, effective July 1. L. 2011: (1) amended, (HB 11-1009), ch. 5, p. 10, §2, effective March 1.
2023 Colorado Revised Statutes › Title 18 - CRIMINAL CODE (§§ 18-1-101 — 18-26-102) › Article 8 - OFFENSES - GOVERNMENTAL OPERATIONS (§§ 18-8-101 — 18-8-805) › Part 3 - BRIBERY AND CORRUPT INFLUENCES (§§ 18-8-301 — 18-8-308) › Section 18-8-301 - Definitions

The definitions contained in section
18-8-101
are applicable to this part 3, unless the context otherwise requires, and, in addition to those definitions:
(1)
"Benefit" means any gain or advantage to the beneficiary, including any gain or advantage to a third person pursuant to the desire or consent of the beneficiary.
(2)
"Party officer" means a person who holds any position or office in a political party, whether by election, appointment, or otherwise.
(3)
"Pecuniary benefit" is benefit in the form of money, property, commercial interests, or anything else the primary significance of which is economic gain.
(4)
"Public servant", as used in sections
18-8-302
to
18-8-308
, includes persons who presently occupy the position of a public servant as defined in section
18-8-101(3)
or have been elected, appointed, or designated to become a public servant although not yet occupying that position.
L. 71: R&RE, p. 459, § 1. C.R.S. 1963: § 40-8-301.
2023 Colorado Revised Statutes › Title 18 - CRIMINAL CODE (§§ 18-1-101 — 18-26-102) › Article 8 - OFFENSES - GOVERNMENTAL OPERATIONS (§§ 18-8-101 — 18-8-805) › Part 3 - BRIBERY AND CORRUPT INFLUENCES (§§ 18-8-301 — 18-8-308) › Section 18-8-302 - Bribery

(1)
A person commits the crime of bribery, if:
(a)
He offers, confers, or agrees to confer any pecuniary benefit upon a public servant with the intent to influence the public servant's vote, opinion, judgment, exercise of discretion, or other action in his official capacity; or
(b)
While a public servant, he solicits, accepts, or agrees to accept any pecuniary benefit upon an agreement or understanding that his vote, opinion, judgment, exercise of discretion, or other action as a public servant will thereby be influenced.
(2)
It is no defense to a prosecution under this section that the person sought to be influenced was not qualified to act in the desired way, whether because he had not yet assumed office, lacked jurisdiction, or for any other reason.
(3)
Bribery is a class 3 felony.
L. 71: R&RE, p. 459, § 1. C.R.S. 1963: § 40-8-302.
For bribery of persons other than a public servant, see § 18-5-401.
2023 Colorado Revised Statutes › Title 18 - CRIMINAL CODE (§§ 18-1-101 — 18-26-102) › Article 8 - OFFENSES - GOVERNMENTAL OPERATIONS (§§ 18-8-101 — 18-8-805) › Part 3 - BRIBERY AND CORRUPT INFLUENCES (§§ 18-8-301 — 18-8-308) › Section 18-8-303 - Compensation for past official behavior

(1)
A person commits a class 4 felony if the person:
(a)
Solicits, accepts, or agrees to accept any pecuniary benefit as compensation for having, as a public servant, given a decision, opinion, recommendation, or vote favorable to another or for having otherwise exercised a discretion in his favor, whether or not he has in so doing violated his duty; or
(b)
Offers, confers, or agrees to confer compensation, acceptance of which is prohibited by this section.
Amended by 2023 Ch. 298,§ 29, eff. 10/1/2023.
L. 71: R&RE, p. 460, § 1.C.R.S. 1963:§ 40-8-303. L. 89:IP(1) amended, p. 840, § 81, effective July 1. L. 2023:IP(1) amended,(HB 23-1293), ch. 298, p. 1788, § 29, effective October 1.
2023 Colorado Revised Statutes › Title 18 - CRIMINAL CODE (§§ 18-1-101 — 18-26-102) › Article 8 - OFFENSES - GOVERNMENTAL OPERATIONS (§§ 18-8-101 — 18-8-805) › Part 3 - BRIBERY AND CORRUPT INFLUENCES (§§ 18-8-301 — 18-8-308) › Section 18-8-304 - Soliciting unlawful compensation

A public servant commits a class 1 misdemeanor if the public servant requests a pecuniary benefit for the performance of an official action knowing that the public servant was required to perform that action without compensation or at a level of compensation lower than that requested.
Amended by 2021 Ch. 462, § 294, eff. 3/1/2022.
L. 71: R&RE, p. 460, § 1. C.R.S. 1963: § 40-8-304. L. 2021: Entire section amended, (SB 21-271), ch. 3200, p. 3200, § 294, effective 3/1/2022.
Section 803(2) of chapter 462 (SB 21-271), Session Laws of Colorado 2021, provides that the act changing this section applies to offenses committed on or after March 1, 2022.
2021 Ch. 462, was passed without a safety clause. See Colo. Const. art. V, § 1(3).
2023 Colorado Revised Statutes › Title 18 - CRIMINAL CODE (§§ 18-1-101 — 18-26-102) › Article 8 - OFFENSES - GOVERNMENTAL OPERATIONS (§§ 18-8-101 — 18-8-805) › Part 3 - BRIBERY AND CORRUPT INFLUENCES (§§ 18-8-301 — 18-8-308) › Section 18-8-305 - Trading in public office

(1)
A person commits trading in public office if:
(a)
He offers, confers, or agrees to confer any pecuniary benefit upon a public servant or party officer upon an agreement or understanding that he or a particular person will or may be appointed to a public office or designated or nominated as a candidate for public office; or
(b)
While a public servant or party officer, he solicits, accepts, or agrees to accept any pecuniary benefit from another upon an agreement or understanding that a particular person will or may be appointed to a public office or designated or nominated as a candidate for public office.
(2)
It shall be an affirmative defense that the pecuniary benefit was a customary contribution to political campaign funds solicited and received by lawfully constituted political parties.
(3)
Trading in public office is a class 1 misdemeanor.
L. 71: R&RE, p. 460, § 1. C.R.S. 1963: § 40-8-305. L. 72: p. 275, § 7. L. 73: p. 539, § 6.
For affirmative defenses generally, see §§ 18-1-407, 18-1-710, and 18-1-805.
2023 Colorado Revised Statutes › Title 18 - CRIMINAL CODE (§§ 18-1-101 — 18-26-102) › Article 8 - OFFENSES - GOVERNMENTAL OPERATIONS (§§ 18-8-101 — 18-8-805) › Part 3 - BRIBERY AND CORRUPT INFLUENCES (§§ 18-8-301 — 18-8-308) › Section 18-8-306 - Attempt to influence a public servant

Any person who attempts to influence any public servant by means of deceit or by threat of violence or economic reprisal against any person or property, with the intent thereby to alter or affect the public servant's decision, vote, opinion, or action concerning any matter which is to be considered or performed by the public servant or the agency or body of which the public servant is a member, commits a class 4 felony. A violation of this section does not include providing false identifying information to law enforcement authorities pursuant to section
18-8-111.5
, and a person who commits the offense of providing false identifying information to law enforcement authorities shall not be convicted for a violation of this section.
Amended by 2021 Ch. 462, § 295, eff. 3/1/2022.
L. 71: R&RE, p. 460, § 1. C.R.S. 1963: § 40-8-306. L. 2021: Entire section amended, (SB 21-271), ch. 3200, p. 3200, § 295, effective 3/1/2022.
Section 803(2) of chapter 462 (SB 21-271), Session Laws of Colorado 2021, provides that the act changing this section applies to offenses committed on or after March 1, 2022.
2021 Ch. 462, was passed without a safety clause. See Colo. Const. art. V, § 1(3).
For interference with the legislative process, see part 4 of article 2 of title 2 ; for legislative witnesses, see § 8-2.5-101 .
2023 Colorado Revised Statutes › Title 18 - CRIMINAL CODE (§§ 18-1-101 — 18-26-102) › Article 8 - OFFENSES - GOVERNMENTAL OPERATIONS (§§ 18-8-101 — 18-8-805) › Part 3 - BRIBERY AND CORRUPT INFLUENCES (§§ 18-8-301 — 18-8-308) › Section 18-8-307 - Designation of supplier prohibited

(1)
No public servant shall require or direct a bidder or contractor to deal with a particular person in procuring any goods or service required in submitting a bid to or fulfilling a contract with any government.
(2)
Any provision in invitations to bid or any contract documents prohibited by this section are against public policy and void.
(3)
It shall be an affirmative defense that the defendant was a public servant acting within the scope of his authority exercising the right to reject any material, subcontractor, service, bond, or contract tendered by a bidder or contractor because it does not meet bona fide specifications or requirements relating to quality, availability, form, experience, or financial responsibility.
(4)
Any public servant who violates the provisions of subsection (1) of this section commits a class 5 felony.
Amended by 2023 Ch. 298,§ 30, eff. 10/1/2023.
L. 71: R&RE, p. 460, § 1.C.R.S. 1963:§ 40-8-307. L. 73:P. 539, § 7. L. 89:(4) amended, p. 840, § 82, effective July 1. L. 2023:(4) amended,(HB 23-1293), ch. 298, p. 1788, § 30, effective October 1.
For affirmative defenses generally, see §§ 18-1-407 , 18-1-710 , and 18-1-805 .
2023 Colorado Revised Statutes › Title 18 - CRIMINAL CODE (§§ 18-1-101 — 18-26-102) › Article 8 - OFFENSES - GOVERNMENTAL OPERATIONS (§§ 18-8-101 — 18-8-805) › Part 3 - BRIBERY AND CORRUPT INFLUENCES (§§ 18-8-301 — 18-8-308) › Section 18-8-308 - Failing to disclose a conflict of interest

(1)
A public servant commits failing to disclose a conflict of interest if he exercises any substantial discretionary function in connection with a government contract, purchase, payment, or other pecuniary transaction without having given seventy-two hours' actual advance written notice to the secretary of state and to the governing body of the government which employs the public servant of the existence of a known potential conflicting interest of the public servant in the transaction with reference to which he is about to act in his official capacity.
(2)
A "potential conflicting interest" exists when the public servant is a director, president, general manager, or similar executive officer or owns or controls directly or indirectly a substantial interest in any nongovernmental entity participating in the transaction.
(3)
Failing to disclose a conflict of interest is a class 2 misdemeanor.
L. 71: R&RE, p. 461, § 1. C.R.S. 1963: § 40-8-308. L. 79: (1) amended, p. 744, § 1, effective July 1.
2023 Colorado Revised Statutes › Title 18 - CRIMINAL CODE (§§ 18-1-101 — 18-26-102) › Article 8 - OFFENSES - GOVERNMENTAL OPERATIONS (§§ 18-8-101 — 18-8-805) › Part 4 - ABUSE OF PUBLIC OFFICE (§§ 18-8-401 — 18-8-410) › Section 18-8-401 - Definitions

The definitions contained in sections
18-8-101
and
18-8-301
are applicable to this part 4, unless a different meaning is plainly required.
L. 71: R&RE, p. 461, § 1. C.R.S. 1963: § 40-8-401.
2023 Colorado Revised Statutes › Title 18 - CRIMINAL CODE (§§ 18-1-101 — 18-26-102) › Article 8 - OFFENSES - GOVERNMENTAL OPERATIONS (§§ 18-8-101 — 18-8-805) › Part 4 - ABUSE OF PUBLIC OFFICE (§§ 18-8-401 — 18-8-410) › Section 18-8-402 - Misuse of official information

(1)
Any public servant, in contemplation of official action by himself or by a governmental unit with which he is associated or in reliance on information to which he has access in his official capacity and which has not been made public, commits misuse of official information if he:
(a)
Acquires a pecuniary interest in any property, transaction, or enterprise which may be affected by such information or official action; or
(b)
Speculates or wagers on the basis of such information or official action; or
(c)
Aids, advises, or encourages another to do any of the foregoing with intent to confer on any person a special pecuniary benefit.
(2)
Misuse of official information is a class 5 felony.
Amended by 2023 Ch. 298,§ 31, eff. 10/1/2023.
L. 71: R&RE, p. 461, § 1.C.R.S. 1963:§ 40-8-402. L. 89:(2) amended, p. 840, § 83, effective July 1. L. 2023:(2) amended,(HB 23-1293), ch. 298, p. 1789, § 31, effective October 1.
2023 Colorado Revised Statutes › Title 18 - CRIMINAL CODE (§§ 18-1-101 — 18-26-102) › Article 8 - OFFENSES - GOVERNMENTAL OPERATIONS (§§ 18-8-101 — 18-8-805) › Part 4 - ABUSE OF PUBLIC OFFICE (§§ 18-8-401 — 18-8-410) › Section 18-8-403 - Official oppression

(1)
A public servant, while acting or purporting to act in an official capacity or taking advantage of such actual or purported capacity, commits official oppression if, with actual knowledge that his conduct is illegal, he:
(a)
Subjects another to arrest, detention, search, seizure, mistreatment, dispossession, assessment, or lien; or
(b)
Has legal authority and jurisdiction of any person legally restrained of his liberty and denies the person restrained the reasonable opportunity to consult in private with a licensed attorney-at-law, if there is no danger of imminent escape and the person in custody expresses a desire to consult with such attorney.
(2)
Official oppression is a class 1 misdemeanor.
Amended by 2021 Ch. 462, § 296, eff. 3/1/2022.
L. 71: R&RE, p. 461, § 1. C.R.S. 1963: § 40-8-403. L. 2021: (2) amended, (SB 21-271), ch. 3200, p. 3200, § 296, effective 3/1/2022.
Section 803(2) of chapter 462 (SB 21-271), Session Laws of Colorado 2021, provides that the act changing this section applies to offenses committed on or after March 1, 2022.
2021 Ch. 462, was passed without a safety clause. See Colo. Const. art. V, § 1(3).
For the duty of officers to admit an attorney, see § 16-3-404 .
2023 Colorado Revised Statutes › Title 18 - CRIMINAL CODE (§§ 18-1-101 — 18-26-102) › Article 8 - OFFENSES - GOVERNMENTAL OPERATIONS (§§ 18-8-101 — 18-8-805) › Part 4 - ABUSE OF PUBLIC OFFICE (§§ 18-8-401 — 18-8-410) › Section 18-8-404 - First degree official misconduct

(1)
A public servant commits first degree official misconduct if, with intent to obtain a benefit for the public servant or another or maliciously to cause harm to another, he or she knowingly:
(a)
Commits an act relating to his office but constituting an unauthorized exercise of his official function; or
(b)
Refrains from performing a duty imposed upon him by law; or
(c)
Violates any statute or lawfully adopted rule or regulation relating to his office.
(2)
First degree official misconduct is a class 1 misdemeanor.
Amended by 2021 Ch. 462, § 297, eff. 3/1/2022.
L. 71: R&RE, p. 462, § 1. C.R.S. 1963: § 40-8-404. L. 83: (1)(b) amended, p. 710, § 1, effective June 10. L. 2000: IP(1) amended, p. 709, § 41, effective July 1. L. 2021: (2) amended, (SB 21-271), ch. 3200, p. 3200, § 297, effective 3/1/2022.
Section 803(2) of chapter 462 (SB 21-271), Session Laws of Colorado 2021, provides that the act changing this section applies to offenses committed on or after March 1, 2022.
2021 Ch. 462, was passed without a safety clause. See Colo. Const. art. V, § 1(3).
2023 Colorado Revised Statutes › Title 18 - CRIMINAL CODE (§§ 18-1-101 — 18-26-102) › Article 8 - OFFENSES - GOVERNMENTAL OPERATIONS (§§ 18-8-101 — 18-8-805) › Part 4 - ABUSE OF PUBLIC OFFICE (§§ 18-8-401 — 18-8-410) › Section 18-8-405 - Second degree official misconduct

(1)
A public servant commits second degree official misconduct if he knowingly, arbitrarily, and capriciously:
(a)
Refrains from performing a duty imposed upon him by law; or
(b)
Violates any statute or lawfully adopted rule or regulation relating to his office.
(2)
Second degree official misconduct is a petty offense.
Amended by 2021 Ch. 462, § 298, eff. 3/1/2022.
L. 71: R&RE, p. 462, § 1. C.R.S. 1963: § 40-8-405. L. 83: (1)(a) amended, p. 710, § 2, effective June 10. L. 2021: (2) amended, (SB 21-271), ch. 3200, p. 3200, § 298, effective 3/1/2022.
Section 803(2) of chapter 462 (SB 21-271), Session Laws of Colorado 2021, provides that the act changing this section applies to offenses committed on or after March 1, 2022.
2021 Ch. 462, was passed without a safety clause. See Colo. Const. art. V, § 1(3).
2023 Colorado Revised Statutes › Title 18 - CRIMINAL CODE (§§ 18-1-101 — 18-26-102) › Article 8 - OFFENSES - GOVERNMENTAL OPERATIONS (§§ 18-8-101 — 18-8-805) › Part 4 - ABUSE OF PUBLIC OFFICE (§§ 18-8-401 — 18-8-410) › Section 18-8-406 - Issuing a false certificate

A person commits a class 6 felony, if, being a public servant authorized by law to make and issue official certificates or other official written instruments, he makes and issues such an instrument containing a statement which he knows to be false.
L. 71: R&RE, p. 462, § 1. C.R.S. 1963: § 40-8-406. L. 89: Entire section amended, p. 840, § 84, effective July 1.
2023 Colorado Revised Statutes › Title 18 - CRIMINAL CODE (§§ 18-1-101 — 18-26-102) › Article 8 - OFFENSES - GOVERNMENTAL OPERATIONS (§§ 18-8-101 — 18-8-805) › Part 4 - ABUSE OF PUBLIC OFFICE (§§ 18-8-401 — 18-8-410) › Section 18-8-407 - Embezzlement of public property

(1)
Every public servant who lawfully or unlawfully comes into possession of any public moneys or public property of whatever description, being the property of the state or of any political subdivision of the state, and who knowingly converts any of such public moneys or property to his own use or to any use other than the public use authorized by law is guilty of embezzlement of public property. Every person convicted under the provisions of this section shall be forever thereafter ineligible and disqualified from being a member of the general assembly of this state or from holding any office of trust or profit in this state.
(2)
Embezzlement of public property is a class 5 felony.
L. 71: R&RE, p. 462, § 1. C.R.S. 1963: § 40-8-407. L. 77: (1) amended, p. 967, § 45, effective July 1. L. 89: (2) amended, p. 840, § 85, effective July 1.
2023 Colorado Revised Statutes › Title 18 - CRIMINAL CODE (§§ 18-1-101 — 18-26-102) › Article 8 - OFFENSES - GOVERNMENTAL OPERATIONS (§§ 18-8-101 — 18-8-805) › Part 4 - ABUSE OF PUBLIC OFFICE (§§ 18-8-401 — 18-8-410) › Section 18-8-408 - Designation of insurer prohibited

(1)
No public servant shall, directly or indirectly, require or direct a bidder on any public building or construction contract which is about to be or has been competitively bid to obtain from a particular insurer, agent, or broker any surety bond or contract of insurance required in such bid or contract or required by any law, ordinance, or regulation.
(2)
Any such public servant who violates any of the provisions of subsection (1) of this section commits a civil infraction.
(3)
Any provisions in invitations to bid or in any contract documents prohibited by this section are declared void as against the public policy of this state.
(4)
Nothing in this section shall be construed to prevent any such public servant acting on behalf of the government from exercising the right to approve or reject a surety bond or contract of insurance as to its form or sufficiency or the lack of financial capability of an insurer selected by a bidder.
(5)
This section shall apply only to contracts entered into on or after July 1, 1977.
Amended by 2021 Ch. 462, § 299, eff. 3/1/2022.
L. 77: Entire section added, p. 989, § 1, effective May 26. L. 2021: (2) amended, (SB 21-271), ch. 462, p. 3200, § 299, effective 3/1/2022.
Section 803(2) of chapter 462 (SB 21-271), Session Laws of Colorado 2021, provides that the act changing this section applies to offenses committed on or after March 1, 2022.
2021 Ch. 462, was passed without a safety clause. See Colo. Const. art. V, § 1(3).
2023 Colorado Revised Statutes › Title 18 - CRIMINAL CODE (§§ 18-1-101 — 18-26-102) › Article 8 - OFFENSES - GOVERNMENTAL OPERATIONS (§§ 18-8-101 — 18-8-805) › Part 4 - ABUSE OF PUBLIC OFFICE (§§ 18-8-401 — 18-8-410) › Section 18-8-409 - Violation of rules and regulations of judicial nominating commissions not subject to criminal prosecution

A person who violates a rule or regulation promulgated by any judicial nominating commission shall not be subject to criminal prosecution.
L. 87: Entire section added, p. 673, § 1, effective May 16.
2023 Colorado Revised Statutes › Title 18 - CRIMINAL CODE (§§ 18-1-101 — 18-26-102) › Article 8 - OFFENSES - GOVERNMENTAL OPERATIONS (§§ 18-8-101 — 18-8-805) › Part 4 - ABUSE OF PUBLIC OFFICE (§§ 18-8-401 — 18-8-410) › Section 18-8-410 - Abuse of public trust by an educator - definitions

(1)
Any educator who knowingly subjects a student to any sexual intrusion or sexual penetration commits abuse of public trust by an educator if the student is at least eighteen years of age and the educator is more than four years older than the student and is not the student's spouse.
(2)
Abuse of public trust by an educator is a class 1 misdemeanor.
(3)
Consent by the student to the sexual intrusion or sexual penetration does not constitute a defense to the offense.
(4)
As used in this section, unless the context otherwise requires:
(a)
"Consent" has the same meaning as set forth in section
18-3-401
(1.5).
(b)
(I)
"Educator" means a person employed at the same school the student attends at the time of the sexual contact and who:
(A)
Instructs students at that school;
(B)
Administers, directs, or supervises the educational instruction program or a portion thereof;
(C)
Provides health or educational support services directly to students of the school; or
(D)
Coaches students of the school.
(II)
"Educator" does not include another student at the school where the educator is employed.
(c)
"School" means any institution that instructs persons in any of grades preschool through twelve but does not include any postsecondary school.
(d)
"Sexual intrusion" has the same meaning as set forth in section
18-3-401(5)
.
(e)
"Sexual penetration" has the same meaning as set forth in section
18-3-401(6)
.
(f)
"Student" means any person enrolled in a school where the educator is employed at the time of the incident, but does not include another student.
(5)
Schools shall advise all educators of the prohibitions in this section.
Added by 2021 Ch. 417,§5, eff. 7/2/2021.
L. 2021: Entire section added, (SB 21-017), ch. 2775, p. 2775, § 5, effective July 2.
(1) Section 7 of chapter 417 (SB 21-017), Session Laws of Colorado 2021, provides that the act adding this section takes effect only if SB 21-271 becomes law. SB 21-271 became law and takes effect March 1, 2022.
(2) Section 7(2) of chapter 417 (SB 21-017), Session Laws of Colorado 2021, provides that the act adding this section applies to offenses committed on or after July 2, 2021.
2023 Colorado Revised Statutes › Title 18 - CRIMINAL CODE (§§ 18-1-101 — 18-26-102) › Article 8 - OFFENSES - GOVERNMENTAL OPERATIONS (§§ 18-8-101 — 18-8-805) › Part 5 - PERJURY AND RELATED OFFENSES (§§ 18-8-501 — 18-8-509) › Section 18-8-501 - Definitions

The definitions in sections
18-8-101
and
18-8-301
are applicable to this part 5, and, in addition to those definitions:
(1)
"Materially false statement" means any false statement, regardless of its admissibility under the rules of evidence, which could have affected the course or outcome of an official proceeding, or the action or decision of a public servant, or the performance of a governmental function.
(2)
(a)
"Oath" includes an affirmation and every other mode authorized by law of attesting to the truth of that which is stated. For the purposes of this section, written statements shall also be treated as if made under oath if:
(I)
The statement was made on or pursuant to a form bearing notice, authorized by law, to the effect that false statements made therein are punishable; or
(II)
The statement recites that it was made under oath, the declarant was aware of such recitation at the time he made the statement and intended that the statement should be represented as a sworn statement, and the statement was in fact so represented by its delivery or utterance with the signed jurat of an officer authorized to administer oaths appended thereto; or
(III)
The statement is made, used, or offered with the intent that it be accepted as compliance with a statute, rule, or regulation which requires a statement under oath or other like form of attestation to the truth of the matter contained in the statement; or
(IV)
The statement meets the requirements for an unsworn declaration under the "Uniform Unsworn Declarations Act", article
27
of title
13
.
(b)
An oath is "required or authorized by law" when the use of the oath is specifically provided for by statute, court rule, or appropriate regulatory provision.
(3)
"Official proceeding" means a proceeding heard before any legislative, judicial, administrative, or other government agency, or official authorized to hear evidence under oath, including any magistrate, hearing examiner, commissioner, notary, or other person taking testimony or depositions in any such proceedings.
Amended by 2018 Ch. 8,§ 10, eff. 10/1/2018.
Amended by 2017 Ch. 130,§ 5, eff. 8/9/2017.
L. 71: R&RE, p. 462, § 1. C.R.S. 1963: § 40-8-501. L. 91: (3) amended, p. 360, § 23, effective April 9. L. 96: (1) amended, p. 738, § 11, effective July 1. L. 2009: (2) amended, (HB 09-1190), ch. 115, p. 485, §2, effective August 5. L. 2017: (2)(a)(IV) amended, (SB 17-154), ch. 130, p. 442, § 5, effective August 9. L. 2018: (2)(a)(IV) amended, (SB 18-032), ch. 8, p. 156, § 10, effective October 1.
2023 Colorado Revised Statutes › Title 18 - CRIMINAL CODE (§§ 18-1-101 — 18-26-102) › Article 8 - OFFENSES - GOVERNMENTAL OPERATIONS (§§ 18-8-101 — 18-8-805) › Part 5 - PERJURY AND RELATED OFFENSES (§§ 18-8-501 — 18-8-509) › Section 18-8-502 - Perjury in the first degree

(1)
A person commits perjury in the first degree if in any official proceeding he knowingly makes a materially false statement, which he does not believe to be true, under an oath required or authorized by law.
(2)
Knowledge of the materiality of the statement is not an element of this crime, and the defendant's mistaken belief that his statement was not material is not a defense, although it may be considered by the court in imposing sentence.
(3)
Perjury in the first degree is a class 4 felony.
L. 71: R&RE, p. 463, § 1. C.R.S. 1963: § 40-8-502. L. 77: (1) amended, p. 967, § 46, effective July 1.
2023 Colorado Revised Statutes › Title 18 - CRIMINAL CODE (§§ 18-1-101 — 18-26-102) › Article 8 - OFFENSES - GOVERNMENTAL OPERATIONS (§§ 18-8-101 — 18-8-805) › Part 5 - PERJURY AND RELATED OFFENSES (§§ 18-8-501 — 18-8-509) › Section 18-8-503 - Perjury in the second degree

(1)
A person commits perjury in the second degree if, other than in an official proceeding, with an intent to mislead a public servant in the performance of his duty, he makes a materially false statement, which he does not believe to be true, under an oath required or authorized by law.
(2)
Perjury in the second degree is a class 2 misdemeanor.
Amended by 2021 Ch. 462, § 300, eff. 3/1/2022.
L. 71: R&RE, p. 463, § 1. C.R.S. 1963: § 40-8-503. L. 2021: (2) amended, (SB 21-271), ch. 3200, p. 3200, § 300, effective 3/1/2022.
Section 803(2) of chapter 462 (SB 21-271), Session Laws of Colorado 2021, provides that the act changing this section applies to offenses committed on or after March 1, 2022.
2021 Ch. 462, was passed without a safety clause. See Colo. Const. art. V, § 1(3).
2023 Colorado Revised Statutes › Title 18 - CRIMINAL CODE (§§ 18-1-101 — 18-26-102) › Article 8 - OFFENSES - GOVERNMENTAL OPERATIONS (§§ 18-8-101 — 18-8-805) › Part 5 - PERJURY AND RELATED OFFENSES (§§ 18-8-501 — 18-8-509) › Section 18-8-503.5 - [Repealed]

L. 90: Entire section added, p. 1801, § 5, effective July 1. L. 94: Entire section repealed, p. 2541, § 5, effective 1/1/1995.
2023 Colorado Revised Statutes › Title 18 - CRIMINAL CODE (§§ 18-1-101 — 18-26-102) › Article 8 - OFFENSES - GOVERNMENTAL OPERATIONS (§§ 18-8-101 — 18-8-805) › Part 5 - PERJURY AND RELATED OFFENSES (§§ 18-8-501 — 18-8-509) › Section 18-8-504 - False swearing

(1)
A person commits false swearing if he knowingly makes a materially false statement, other than those prohibited by sections
18-8-502
and
18-8-503
, which he does not believe to be true, under an oath required or authorized by law.
(2)
False swearing is a petty offense.
Amended by 2021 Ch. 462, § 301, eff. 3/1/2022.
L. 71: R&RE, p. 463, § 1. C.R.S. 1963: § 40-8-504. L. 77: (1) amended, p. 968, § 47, effective July 1. L. 2021: (2) amended, (SB 21-271), ch. 3200, p. 3200, § 301, effective 3/1/2022.
Section 803(2) of chapter 462 (SB 21-271), Session Laws of Colorado 2021, provides that the act changing this section applies to offenses committed on or after March 1, 2022.
2021 Ch. 462, was passed without a safety clause. See Colo. Const. art. V, § 1(3).
2023 Colorado Revised Statutes › Title 18 - CRIMINAL CODE (§§ 18-1-101 — 18-26-102) › Article 8 - OFFENSES - GOVERNMENTAL OPERATIONS (§§ 18-8-101 — 18-8-805) › Part 5 - PERJURY AND RELATED OFFENSES (§§ 18-8-501 — 18-8-509) › Section 18-8-505 - Perjury or false swearing - inconsistent statements

(1)
Where a person charged with perjury or false swearing has made inconsistent material statements under oath, both having been made within the period of the statute of limitations, the prosecution may proceed by setting forth the inconsistent statements in a single count alleging in the alternative that one or the other was false and not believed by the defendant. In such case it shall not be necessary for the prosecution to prove which statement was false but only that one or the other statement was false and not believed by the defendant to be true.
(2)
The highest offense of which a person may be convicted in such an instance shall be determined by hypothetically assuming each statement to be false. If the assumption establishes perjury of different degrees, the person may be convicted of the lesser degree at most. If perjury or false swearing is established by the making of the two statements, the person may be convicted of false swearing at the most.
L. 71: R&RE, p. 464, § 1. C.R.S. 1963: § 40-8-505. L. 73: p. 535, § 4.
2023 Colorado Revised Statutes › Title 18 - CRIMINAL CODE (§§ 18-1-101 — 18-26-102) › Article 8 - OFFENSES - GOVERNMENTAL OPERATIONS (§§ 18-8-101 — 18-8-805) › Part 5 - PERJURY AND RELATED OFFENSES (§§ 18-8-501 — 18-8-509) › Section 18-8-506 - Perjury and false swearing - proof

In any prosecution for perjury or false swearing, except a prosecution based upon inconsistent statements pursuant to section
18-8-505
, falsity of a statement may not be established solely through contradiction by the uncorroborated testimony of a single witness.
L. 71: R&RE, p. 464, § 1. C.R.S. 1963: § 40-8-506.
2023 Colorado Revised Statutes › Title 18 - CRIMINAL CODE (§§ 18-1-101 — 18-26-102) › Article 8 - OFFENSES - GOVERNMENTAL OPERATIONS (§§ 18-8-101 — 18-8-805) › Part 5 - PERJURY AND RELATED OFFENSES (§§ 18-8-501 — 18-8-509) › Section 18-8-507 - Perjury and false swearing - previous criminal action

No prosecution may be brought under section
18-8-502
,
18-8-503
, or
18-8-504
if the substance of the defendant's false statement is the entry of a plea of not guilty in a previous criminal action in which he or she was accused of an offense.
L. 71: R&RE, p. 464, § 1. C.R.S. 1963: § 40-8-507. L. 2000: Entire section amended, p. 28, § 1, effective July 1.
2023 Colorado Revised Statutes › Title 18 - CRIMINAL CODE (§§ 18-1-101 — 18-26-102) › Article 8 - OFFENSES - GOVERNMENTAL OPERATIONS (§§ 18-8-101 — 18-8-805) › Part 5 - PERJURY AND RELATED OFFENSES (§§ 18-8-501 — 18-8-509) › Section 18-8-508 - Perjury - retraction

No person shall be convicted of perjury in the first degree if he retracted his false statement in the course of the same proceeding in which it was made. Statements made in separate hearings at separate stages of the same trial or administrative proceeding shall be deemed to have been made in the course of the same proceeding. Retraction is an affirmative defense.
L. 71: R&RE, p. 464, § 1. C.R.S. 1963: § 40-8-508.
For affirmative defenses generally, see §§ 18-1-407, 18-1-710, and 18-1-805.
2023 Colorado Revised Statutes › Title 18 - CRIMINAL CODE (§§ 18-1-101 — 18-26-102) › Article 8 - OFFENSES - GOVERNMENTAL OPERATIONS (§§ 18-8-101 — 18-8-805) › Part 5 - PERJURY AND RELATED OFFENSES (§§ 18-8-501 — 18-8-509) › Section 18-8-509 - Perjury and false swearing - irregularities no defense

(1)
It is no defense to a prosecution under sections
18-8-502
to
18-8-504
that:
(a)
The defendant was not competent, for reasons other than mental disability or immaturity, to make the false statement alleged;
(b)
The statement was inadmissible under the law of evidence;
(c)
The oath was administered or taken in an irregular manner; or
(d)
The person administering the oath lacked authority to do so, if the taking of the oath was required by law.
L. 71: R&RE, p. 464, § 1. C.R.S. 1963: § 40-8-509.
2023 Colorado Revised Statutes › Title 18 - CRIMINAL CODE (§§ 18-1-101 — 18-26-102) › Article 8 - OFFENSES - GOVERNMENTAL OPERATIONS (§§ 18-8-101 — 18-8-805) › Part 6 - OFFENSES RELATING TO JUDICIAL AND OTHER PROCEEDINGS (§§ 18-8-601 — 18-8-616) › Section 18-8-601 - Definitions

The definitions contained in sections
18-8-101
,
18-8-301
, and
18-8-501
are applicable to the provisions of this part 6, and, in addition to those definitions:
(1)
"Juror" means any person who is a member of any jury or grand jury impaneled by any court of this state or by any public servant authorized by law to impanel a jury. The term "juror" also includes any person who has been drawn or summoned to attend as a prospective juror.
(2)
"Testimony" includes oral or written statements, documents, or any other evidence that may be offered by or through a witness in an official proceeding.
L. 71: R&RE, p. 464, § 1. C.R.S. 1963: § 40-8-601.
2023 Colorado Revised Statutes › Title 18 - CRIMINAL CODE (§§ 18-1-101 — 18-26-102) › Article 8 - OFFENSES - GOVERNMENTAL OPERATIONS (§§ 18-8-101 — 18-8-805) › Part 6 - OFFENSES RELATING TO JUDICIAL AND OTHER PROCEEDINGS (§§ 18-8-601 — 18-8-616) › Section 18-8-602 - [Repealed]

L. 71: R&RE, p. 465, § 1. C.R.S. 1963: § 40-8-602. L. 84: Entire section repealed, p. 503, § 7, effective July 1.
For present provision on bribing a witness or victim, see §18-8-703.
2023 Colorado Revised Statutes › Title 18 - CRIMINAL CODE (§§ 18-1-101 — 18-26-102) › Article 8 - OFFENSES - GOVERNMENTAL OPERATIONS (§§ 18-8-101 — 18-8-805) › Part 6 - OFFENSES RELATING TO JUDICIAL AND OTHER PROCEEDINGS (§§ 18-8-601 — 18-8-616) › Section 18-8-603 - Bribe-receiving by a witness

(1)
A witness or a person believing he is to be called as a witness in any official proceeding commits a class 4 felony if he intentionally solicits, accepts, or agrees to accept any benefit upon an agreement or understanding that:
(a)
He will testify falsely or unlawfully withhold testimony; or
(b)
He will attempt to avoid legal process summoning him to testify; or
(c)
He will attempt to absent himself from an official proceeding to which he has been legally summoned.
L. 71: R&RE, p. 465, § 1. C.R.S. 1963: § 40-8-603. L. 77: IP(1) amended, p. 968, § 48, effective July 1.
2023 Colorado Revised Statutes › Title 18 - CRIMINAL CODE (§§ 18-1-101 — 18-26-102) › Article 8 - OFFENSES - GOVERNMENTAL OPERATIONS (§§ 18-8-101 — 18-8-805) › Part 6 - OFFENSES RELATING TO JUDICIAL AND OTHER PROCEEDINGS (§§ 18-8-601 — 18-8-616) › Section 18-8-604 - [Repealed]

L. 71: R&RE, p. 465, § 1. C.R.S. 1963: § 40-8-604. L. 77: (1) amended, p. 968, § 49, effective July 1; IP(1) and (1)(c) amended and (1)(d) added, p. 991, § 1, effective July 1. L. 84: Entire section repealed, p. 503, § 7, effective July 1.
For present provision on intimidating a witness or victim, see §§18-8-704 and 18-8-705.
2023 Colorado Revised Statutes › Title 18 - CRIMINAL CODE (§§ 18-1-101 — 18-26-102) › Article 8 - OFFENSES - GOVERNMENTAL OPERATIONS (§§ 18-8-101 — 18-8-805) › Part 6 - OFFENSES RELATING TO JUDICIAL AND OTHER PROCEEDINGS (§§ 18-8-601 — 18-8-616) › Section 18-8-605 - [Repealed]

L. 71: R&RE, p. 465, § 1. C.R.S. 1963: § 40-8-605. L. 77: IP(1) amended, p. 968, § 50, effective July 1. L. 84: Entire section repealed, p. 503, § 7, effective July 1.
For present provision on tampering with a witness or victim, see §18-8-707.
2023 Colorado Revised Statutes › Title 18 - CRIMINAL CODE (§§ 18-1-101 — 18-26-102) › Article 8 - OFFENSES - GOVERNMENTAL OPERATIONS (§§ 18-8-101 — 18-8-805) › Part 6 - OFFENSES RELATING TO JUDICIAL AND OTHER PROCEEDINGS (§§ 18-8-601 — 18-8-616) › Section 18-8-606 - Bribing a juror

(1)
A person commits bribing a juror if he offers, confers, or agrees to confer any benefit upon a juror with intent to influence the juror's vote, opinion, decision, or other action as a juror.
(2)
Bribing a juror is a class 4 felony.
L. 71: R&RE, p. 466, § 1. C.R.S. 1963: § 40-8-606.
2023 Colorado Revised Statutes › Title 18 - CRIMINAL CODE (§§ 18-1-101 — 18-26-102) › Article 8 - OFFENSES - GOVERNMENTAL OPERATIONS (§§ 18-8-101 — 18-8-805) › Part 6 - OFFENSES RELATING TO JUDICIAL AND OTHER PROCEEDINGS (§§ 18-8-601 — 18-8-616) › Section 18-8-607 - Bribe-receiving by a juror

(1)
A person commits bribe-receiving by a juror if he intentionally solicits, accepts, or agrees to accept any benefit upon an agreement or understanding that his vote, opinion, decision, or other action as a juror will thereby be influenced.
(2)
Bribe-receiving by a juror is a class 4 felony.
L. 71: R&RE, p. 466, § 1. C.R.S. 1963: § 40-8-607. L. 77: (1) amended, p. 968, § 51, effective July 1.
2023 Colorado Revised Statutes › Title 18 - CRIMINAL CODE (§§ 18-1-101 — 18-26-102) › Article 8 - OFFENSES - GOVERNMENTAL OPERATIONS (§§ 18-8-101 — 18-8-805) › Part 6 - OFFENSES RELATING TO JUDICIAL AND OTHER PROCEEDINGS (§§ 18-8-601 — 18-8-616) › Section 18-8-608 - Intimidating a juror

(1)
A person commits intimidating a juror if he intentionally attempts by use of a threat of harm or injury to any person or property to influence a juror's vote, opinion, decision, or other action as a juror.
(2)
Intimidating a juror is a class 4 felony.
L. 71: R&RE, p. 466, § 1. C.R.S. 1963: § 40-8-608. L. 77: (1) amended, p. 968, § 52, effective July 1.
2023 Colorado Revised Statutes › Title 18 - CRIMINAL CODE (§§ 18-1-101 — 18-26-102) › Article 8 - OFFENSES - GOVERNMENTAL OPERATIONS (§§ 18-8-101 — 18-8-805) › Part 6 - OFFENSES RELATING TO JUDICIAL AND OTHER PROCEEDINGS (§§ 18-8-601 — 18-8-616) › Section 18-8-609 - Jury-tampering

(1)
A person commits jury-tampering if, with intent to influence a juror's vote, opinion, decision, or other action in a case, he attempts directly or indirectly to communicate with a juror other than as a part of the proceedings in the trial of the case.
(1.5)
A person commits jury-tampering if he knowingly participates in the fraudulent processing or selection of jurors or prospective jurors.
(2)
Jury-tampering is a class 4 felony.
Amended by 2023 Ch. 298,§ 32, eff. 10/1/2023.
L. 71: R&RE, p. 466, § 1.C.R.S. 1963:§ 40-8-609. L. 89:(1.5) added and (2) amended, pp. 776, 840, §§ 10, 86, effective July 1. L. 2023:(2) amended,(HB 23-1293), ch. 298, p. 1789, § 32, effective October 1.