reglab/statecodes huggingface dataset:
2023 Florida Statutes › Title XLVI - Crimes › Chapter 843 - Obstructing Justice › 843.01 - Resisting, Obstructing, or Opposing by Offering or Doing Violence to Legally Authorized Person, Police Canine, or Police Horse.

843.01 Resisting, obstructing, or opposing by offering or doing violence to legally authorized person, police canine, or police horse.—
(1) Whoever knowingly and willfully resists, obstructs, or opposes any officer as defined in s. 943.10(1), (2), (3), (6), (7), (8), or (9); member of the Florida Commission on Offender Review or any administrative aide or supervisor employed by the commission; parole and probation supervisor; county probation officer; personnel or representative of the Department of Law Enforcement; or other person legally authorized to execute process in the execution of legal process or in the lawful execution of any legal duty, by offering or doing violence to the person of such officer or legally authorized person, commits a felony of the third degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084.
(2) Whoever knowingly and willfully resists, obstructs, or opposes a police canine or police horse as defined in s. 843.19(1)(a), working at the direction of or in tandem with any officer or legally authorized person listed in subsection (1), by offering or doing violence to the police canine or police horse, commits a felony of the third degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084.
History.—s. 1, ch. 3276, 1881; RS 2580; GS 3500; RGS 5385; CGL 7524; s. 1, ch. 28118, 1953; s. 1, ch. 61-66; s. 1, ch. 63-234; s. 1, ch. 63-433; ss. 1, chs. 65-198, 65-226; s. 3, ch. 67-2207; ss. 20, 25, 33, 35, ch. 69-106; s. 1034, ch. 71-136; s. 32, ch. 73-334; s. 1, ch. 77-174; s. 1, ch. 78-116; s. 20, ch. 79-3; s. 26, ch. 79-8; s. 1, ch. 79-149; s. 5, ch. 85-87; s. 40, ch. 88-122; s. 1, ch. 88-373; s. 50, ch. 88-381; s. 43, ch. 89-526; s. 18, ch. 2014-191; s. 1, ch. 2023-110.
2023 Florida Statutes › Title XLVI - Crimes › Chapter 843 - Obstructing Justice › 843.02 - Resisting Officer Without Violence to His or Her Person.

843.02 Resisting officer without violence to his or her person.—Whoever shall resist, obstruct, or oppose any officer as defined in s. 943.10(1), (2), (3), (6), (7), (8), or (9); member of the Florida Commission on Offender Review or any administrative aide or supervisor employed by the commission; county probation officer; parole and probation supervisor; personnel or representative of the Department of Law Enforcement; or other person legally authorized to execute process in the execution of legal process or in the lawful execution of any legal duty, without offering or doing violence to the person of the officer, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor of the first degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.
History.—s. 2, ch. 3276, 1881; RS 2581; GS 3501; RGS 5386; CGL 7525; s. 1, ch. 63-433; s. 1, ch. 65-226; s. 3, ch. 67-2207; ss. 20, 33, 35, ch. 69-106; s. 1035, ch. 71-136; s. 1, ch. 77-174; s. 2, ch. 78-116; s. 21, ch. 79-3; s. 27, ch. 79-8; s. 6, ch. 85-87; s. 41, ch. 88-122; s. 2, ch. 88-373; s. 51, ch. 88-381; s. 43, ch. 89-526; s. 209, ch. 91-224; s. 19, ch. 2014-191.
2023 Florida Statutes › Title XLVI - Crimes › Chapter 843 - Obstructing Justice › 843.021 - Unlawful Possession of a Concealed Handcuff Key.

843.021 Unlawful possession of a concealed handcuff key.—
(1) As used in this section, the term:
(a) “In custody” means any time while a person has been placed in handcuffs by a law enforcement officer, regardless of whether such person is under formal arrest.
(b) “Handcuff key” means any key, tool, device, implement, or other thing used, designed, or intended to aid in unlocking or removing handcuffs.
(c) “Concealed handcuff key” means any handcuff key carried by a person in a manner that indicates an intent to prevent discovery of the key by a law enforcement officer, including, but not limited to, a handcuff key carried:
1. In a pocket of a piece of clothing of a person, and unconnected to any key ring;
2. On a necklace of a person;
3. On the body part of a person or on any item of clothing of such person, when the handcuff key is secured on the body part or item of clothing by use of tape, glue, line, or other material;
4. In or within any compartment, seam, fold, or other encasement within any item of clothing, belt, shoe, or jewelry of a person;
5. In or within any sock, hose, shoe, belt, undergarment, glove, hat, or similar item of clothing or accessory of a person;
6. By a person and disguised as jewelry or other object; or
7. In or within any body cavity of a person.
(2) Any person who possesses a concealed handcuff key commits a felony of the third degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084.
(3) It is a defense to a charge of violating this section that, immediately upon being placed in custody, the person in custody actually and effectively disclosed to the law enforcement officer that he or she was in possession of a concealed handcuff key.
(4)(a) It is a defense to a charge of violating this section that the person in custody and in possession of a concealed handcuff key is:
1. A federal, state, or local law enforcement officer, including a reserve or auxiliary officer, a licensed security officer, or a private investigator as defined in s. 493.6101; or
2. A professional bail bond agent or limited surety agent as defined in s. 648.25.
(b) However, the defense is not available to any officer, investigator, agent, or runner listed in this subsection if the officer, investigator, agent, or runner, immediately upon being placed in custody, fails to actually and effectively disclose possession of the concealed handcuff key.
History.—s. 1, ch. 2000-230; s. 72, ch. 2023-144.
2023 Florida Statutes › Title XLVI - Crimes › Chapter 843 - Obstructing Justice › 843.025 - Depriving Officer of Means of Protection or Communication.

843.025 Depriving officer of means of protection or communication.—It is unlawful for any person to deprive a law enforcement officer as defined in s. 943.10(1), a correctional officer as defined in s. 943.10(2), or a correctional probation officer as defined in s. 943.10(3) of her or his weapon or radio or to otherwise deprive the officer of the means to defend herself or himself or summon assistance. Any person who violates this section is guilty of a felony of the third degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084.
History.—s. 2, ch. 84-187; s. 2, ch. 92-52; s. 1335, ch. 97-102.
2023 Florida Statutes › Title XLVI - Crimes › Chapter 843 - Obstructing Justice › 843.03 - Obstruction by Disguised Person.

843.03 Obstruction by disguised person.—Whoever in any manner disguises himself or herself with intent to obstruct the due execution of the law, or with the intent to intimidate, hinder, or interrupt any officer, beverage enforcement agent, or other person in the legal performance of his or her duty or the exercise of his or her rights under the constitution or laws of this state, whether such intent is effected or not, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor of the first degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.
History.—s. 19, ch. 1637, 1868; RS 2582; GS 3502; RGS 5387; CGL 7526; s. 1, ch. 63-433; s. 1036, ch. 71-136; s. 1336, ch. 97-102.
2023 Florida Statutes › Title XLVI - Crimes › Chapter 843 - Obstructing Justice › 843.04 - Refusing to Assist Prison Officers in Arresting Escaped Convicts.

843.04 Refusing to assist prison officers in arresting escaped convicts.—
(1) All prison officers and correctional officers shall immediately arrest any convict, held under the provisions of law, who may have escaped. Any such officer or guard may call upon the sheriff or other officer of the state, or of any county or municipal corporation, or any citizen, to make search and arrest such convict.
(2) Any officer or citizen refusing to assist shall be guilty of a misdemeanor of the first degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.
History.—s. 17, ch. 6530, 1917; RGS 5389; CGL 7528; s. 1037, ch. 71-136; s. 8, ch. 95-283.
2023 Florida Statutes › Title XLVI - Crimes › Chapter 843 - Obstructing Justice › 843.05 - Resisting Timber Agent.

843.05 Resisting timber agent.—Whoever obstructs, resists, or opposes a timber agent in the discharge of her or his duties, or attempts so to do, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor of the second degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.083.
History.—s. 5, ch. 3020, 1877; RS 2584; GS 3504; RGS 5390; CGL 7529; s. 1038, ch. 71-136; s. 1337, ch. 97-102.
2023 Florida Statutes › Title XLVI - Crimes › Chapter 843 - Obstructing Justice › 843.06 - Neglect or Refusal to Aid Peace Officers.

843.06 Neglect or refusal to aid peace officers.—Whoever, being required in the name of the state by any officer of the Florida Highway Patrol, police officer, beverage enforcement agent, or watchman, neglects or refuses to assist him or her in the execution of his or her office in a criminal case, or in the preservation of the peace, or the apprehending or securing of any person for a breach of the peace, or in case of the rescue or escape of a person arrested upon civil process, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor of the second degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.
History.—s. 16, ch. 1637, 1868; RS 2585; GS 3505; RGS 5391; CGL 7530; s. 2, ch. 28118, 1953; s. 1, ch. 63-433; s. 1039, ch. 71-136; s. 32, ch. 73-334; s. 1338, ch. 97-102.
2023 Florida Statutes › Title XLVI - Crimes › Chapter 843 - Obstructing Justice › 843.08 - False Personation.

843.08 False personation.—A person who falsely assumes or pretends to be a firefighter, a sheriff, an officer of the Florida Highway Patrol, an officer of the Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, an officer of the Department of Environmental Protection, an officer of the Department of Financial Services, any personnel or representative of the Division of Investigative and Forensic Services, an officer of the Department of Corrections, a correctional probation officer, a deputy sheriff, a state attorney or an assistant state attorney, a statewide prosecutor or an assistant statewide prosecutor, a state attorney investigator, a coroner, a police officer, a lottery special agent or lottery investigator, a beverage enforcement agent, a school guardian as described in s. 30.15(1)(k), a security officer licensed under chapter 493, any member of the Florida Commission on Offender Review or any administrative aide or supervisor employed by the commission, any personnel or representative of the Department of Law Enforcement, or a federal law enforcement officer as defined in s. 901.1505, and takes upon himself or herself to act as such, or to require any other person to aid or assist him or her in a matter pertaining to the duty of any such officer, commits a felony of the third degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084. However, a person who falsely personates any such officer during the course of the commission of a felony commits a felony of the second degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084. If the commission of the felony results in the death or personal injury of another human being, the person commits a felony of the first degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084. In determining whether a defendant has violated this section, the court or jury may consider any relevant evidence, including, but not limited to, whether the defendant used lights in violation of s. 316.2397 or s. 843.081.
History.—s. 18, ch. 1637, 1868; RS 2587; GS 3507; RGS 5395; CGL 7535; s. 3, ch. 28118, 1953; s. 1, ch. 63-433; ss. 1, chs. 65-148, 65-199; s. 3, ch. 67-2207; ss. 20, 25, 33, 35, ch. 69-106; s. 1041, ch. 71-136; s. 32, ch. 73-334; s. 1, ch. 77-174; s. 28, ch. 79-8; s. 42, ch. 88-122; s. 1, ch. 88-339; s. 8, ch. 89-208; s. 475, ch. 94-356; s. 65, ch. 95-257; s. 9, ch. 95-283; s. 3, ch. 96-256; s. 232, ch. 99-245; s. 20, ch. 2006-305; s. 2, ch. 2007-112; s. 28, ch. 2012-88; s. 20, ch. 2014-191; s. 1, ch. 2015-29; s. 2, ch. 2019-22; s. 14, ch. 2019-141; s. 31, ch. 2021-113; s. 7, ch. 2022-180.
2023 Florida Statutes › Title XLVI - Crimes › Chapter 843 - Obstructing Justice › 843.081 - Prohibited Use of Certain Lights; Penalty.

843.081 Prohibited use of certain lights; penalty.—
(1) The Legislature finds and declares that Florida’s citizens are vulnerable to becoming the victims of criminal acts through the illegal use of blue lights by the criminal elements. It is the intent of the Legislature to reduce this vulnerability to injury and loss of life and property by prohibiting the use of certain blue lights by any person other than an authorized law enforcement officer.
(2) It is unlawful for a person to use in or on any nongovernmentally owned vehicle or vessel any flashing or rotating blue light unless such person is a law enforcement officer employed by a federal, state, county, or city law enforcement agency or is a person appointed by the Governor pursuant to chapter 354.
(3) The provisions of this section shall not apply to salespersons, service representatives, or other employees of businesses licensed to sell or repair law enforcement equipment.
(4) For the purposes of this section, the term “flashing or rotating blue light” includes all forms of lights which display a blue light source or which were designed with the intent of displaying a blue light source whether or not such light is actually in use.
(5) Any person who violates any of the provisions of this section commits a misdemeanor of the first degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.
History.—s. 2, ch. 91-163; s. 1, ch. 94-103; s. 1339, ch. 97-102.
2023 Florida Statutes › Title XLVI - Crimes › Chapter 843 - Obstructing Justice › 843.09 - Escape Through Voluntary Action of Officer.

843.09 Escape through voluntary action of officer.—If a jailer or other officer voluntarily suffers a prisoner in her or his custody, upon conviction of any criminal charge, to escape, she or he shall be guilty of a felony of the second degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084.
History.—s. 13, ch. 1637, 1868; RS 2588; GS 3509; RGS 5395; CGL 7535; s. 1042, ch. 71-136; s. 1340, ch. 97-102.
2023 Florida Statutes › Title XLVI - Crimes › Chapter 843 - Obstructing Justice › 843.10 - Escape by Negligence of Officer.

843.10 Escape by negligence of officer.—If a jailer or other officer, through negligence, suffers a prisoner in her or his custody upon conviction of any criminal charge to escape, she or he shall be guilty of a misdemeanor of the first degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.
History.—s. 14, ch. 1637, 1868; RS 2589; GS 3510; RGS 5396; CGL 7536; s. 1043, ch. 71-136; s. 1341, ch. 97-102.
2023 Florida Statutes › Title XLVI - Crimes › Chapter 843 - Obstructing Justice › 843.11 - Conveying Tools Into Jail to Aid Escape; Forcible Rescue.

843.11 Conveying tools into jail to aid escape; forcible rescue.—Whoever conveys into a jail or other like place of confinement, any disguise, instrument, tool, weapon, or other thing adapted or useful to aid a prisoner in making his or her escape, with intent to facilitate the escape of any prisoner there lawfully committed or detained, or, by any means whatever, aids or assists such prisoner in his or her endeavors to escape therefrom, whether such escape is effected or attempted or not; and whoever forcibly rescues any prisoner held in custody upon any conviction or charge of an offense, shall be guilty of a felony of the second degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084; or if the person whose escape or rescue was effected or intended, was charged with an offense not capital nor punishable by imprisonment in the state prison, then a person who assists a prisoner as described in this section shall be guilty of a misdemeanor of the first degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083; or if the prisoner while his or her escape or rescue is being effected or attempted commits any crime with the weapon, tool, or instrument conveyed to him or her, the person conveying the weapon, tool, or instrument to the prisoner shall be subject to whatever fine, imprisonment, or other punishment the law imposes for the crime committed, as an accessory before the fact.
History.—s. 11, ch. 1637, 1868; RS 2590; GS 3511; RGS 5397; CGL 7537; s. 1, ch. 29895, 1955; s. 1044, ch. 71-136; s. 1342, ch. 97-102.
2023 Florida Statutes › Title XLVI - Crimes › Chapter 843 - Obstructing Justice › 843.12 - Aiding Escape.

843.12 Aiding escape.—Whoever knowingly aids or assists a person in escaping, attempting to escape, or who has escaped, from an officer or person who has or is entitled to the lawful custody of such person, is guilty of a felony of the third degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084.
History.—s. 12, ch. 1637, 1868; RS 2591; s. 1, ch. 5154, 1903; GS 3512; RGS 5398; CGL 7538; s. 1, ch. 65-221; s. 1045, ch. 71-136.
2023 Florida Statutes › Title XLVI - Crimes › Chapter 843 - Obstructing Justice › 843.13 - Aiding Escape of Juvenile Inmates of Correctional Institutions.

843.13 Aiding escape of juvenile inmates of correctional institutions.—Whoever in any manner knowingly aids or assists any inmate of any correctional institution for boys or girls in the state to escape therefrom, or who knowingly, or having good reason to believe that any person is an inmate of such schools and is escaping or attempting to escape therefrom, aids or assists such inmate to make his or her escape or to avoid detention or recapture, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor of the second degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.
History.—s. 1, ch. 9138, 1923; CGL 7539; s. 1, ch. 63-128; s. 1046, ch. 71-136; s. 1343, ch. 97-102.
2023 Florida Statutes › Title XLVI - Crimes › Chapter 843 - Obstructing Justice › 843.14 - Compounding Felony.

843.14 Compounding felony.—Whoever, having knowledge of the commission of an offense punishable with death or by imprisonment in the state prison, takes money or a gratuity or reward, or an engagement therefor, upon an agreement or understanding, expressed or implied, to compound or conceal such offense, or not to prosecute therefor, or not to give evidence thereof, shall when such offense of which he or she has knowledge is punishable with death or imprisonment in the state prison for life, be guilty of a felony of the third degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084; and where the offense of which he or she so had knowledge was punishable in any other manner, he or she shall be guilty of a misdemeanor of the first degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.
History.—s. 20, ch. 1637, 1868; RS 2592; GS 3513; RGS 5399; CGL 7540; s. 1047, ch. 71-136; s. 1344, ch. 97-102.
2023 Florida Statutes › Title XLVI - Crimes › Chapter 843 - Obstructing Justice › 843.15 - Failure of Defendant on Bail to Appear.

843.15 Failure of defendant on bail to appear.—
(1) Whoever, having been released pursuant to chapter 903, willfully fails to appear before any court or judicial officer as required shall incur a forfeiture of any security which was given or pledged for her or his release and, in addition, shall:
(a) If she or he was released in connection with a charge of felony or while awaiting sentence or pending review by certiorari after conviction of any offense, be guilty of a felony of the third degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084, or;
(b) If she or he was released in connection with a charge of misdemeanor, be guilty of a misdemeanor of the first degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.
(2) Nothing in this section shall interfere with or prevent the exercise by any court of its power to punish for contempt.
History.—ss. 1, 2, ch. 8468, 1921; CGL 7545, 7546; s. 1, ch. 69-152; s. 1048, ch. 71-136; s. 1345, ch. 97-102.
2023 Florida Statutes › Title XLVI - Crimes › Chapter 843 - Obstructing Justice › 843.165 - Unauthorized Transmissions to and Interference With Governmental and Associated Radio Frequencies Prohibited; Penalties; Exceptions.

843.165 Unauthorized transmissions to and interference with governmental and associated radio frequencies prohibited; penalties; exceptions.—
(1) A person may not transmit or cause to be transmitted over any radio frequency with knowledge that such frequency is assigned by the Federal Communications Commission to a state, county, or municipal governmental agency or water management district, including, but not limited to, a law enforcement, fire, government administration, or emergency management agency or any public or private emergency medical services provider, any sounds, jamming device, jamming transmissions, speech, or radio frequency carrier wave except: those persons who are authorized in writing to do so by the agency’s chief administrator; employees of the agency who are authorized to transmit by virtue of their duties with the agency; and those persons holding a valid station license assigned by the Federal Communications Commission to transmit on such frequencies.
(2) A person may not knowingly obstruct, jam, or interfere with radio transmissions made by volunteer communications personnel of any state, county, or municipal governmental agency, water management district, volunteers of any public or private emergency medical services provider, or volunteers in any established Skywarn program when the volunteers are providing communications support upon request of the governmental agency during tests, drills, field operations, or emergency events.
(3) Any person who violates this section commits a misdemeanor of the first degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.
(4) It is lawful for any person to transmit or cause to be transmitted speech or sounds over any authorized transmitter operating on frequencies specified in subsection (1) when the person:
(a) Has been commanded to do so by an authorized operator of the transmitter;
(b) Is acting to summon assistance for the authorized operator who, for any reason, is unable to make the transmission; or
(c) Is a radio technician or installer who is testing, repairing, or installing radio equipment at the request of a state, county, or municipal governmental agency, water management district, or licensed public or private emergency medical services provider.
History.—s. 1, ch. 79-63; s. 210, ch. 91-224; s. 1, ch. 99-365.
2023 Florida Statutes › Title XLVI - Crimes › Chapter 843 - Obstructing Justice › 843.167 - Unlawful Use of Police Communications; Enhanced Penalties.

843.167 Unlawful use of police communications; enhanced penalties.—
(1) A person may not:
(a) Intercept any police radio communication by use of a scanner or any other means for the purpose of using that communication to assist in committing a crime or to escape from or avoid detection, arrest, trial, conviction, or punishment in connection with the commission of such crime.
(b) Divulge the existence, contents, substance, purport, effect, or meaning of a police radio communication to any person he or she knows to be a suspect in the commission of a crime with the intent that the suspect may escape from or avoid detention, arrest, trial, conviction, or punishment.
(2) Any person who is charged with a crime and who, during the time such crime was committed, possessed or used a police scanner or similar device capable of receiving police radio transmissions is presumed to have violated paragraph (1)(a).
(3) The penalty for a crime that is committed by a person who violates paragraph (1)(a) shall be enhanced as follows:
(a) A misdemeanor of the second degree shall be punished as if it were a misdemeanor of the first degree.
(b) A misdemeanor of the first degree shall be punished as if it were a felony of the third degree.
(c) A felony of the third degree shall be punished as if it were a felony of the second degree.
(d) A felony of the second degree shall be punished as if it were a felony of the first degree.
(e) A felony of the first degree shall be punished as if it were a life felony.
(4) Any person who violates paragraph (1)(b) commits a misdemeanor of the first degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.
History.—s. 8, ch. 2001-127.
2023 Florida Statutes › Title XLVI - Crimes › Chapter 843 - Obstructing Justice › 843.17 - Publishing Name and Address of Law Enforcement Officer.

843.17 Publishing name and address of law enforcement officer.—Any person who shall maliciously, with intent to obstruct the due execution of the law or with the intent to intimidate, hinder, or interrupt any law enforcement officer in the legal performance of his or her duties, publish or disseminate the residence address or telephone number of any law enforcement officer while designating the officer as such, without authorization of the agency which employs the officer, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor of the first degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.
History.—s. 1, ch. 72-85; s. 1346, ch. 97-102.
2023 Florida Statutes › Title XLVI - Crimes › Chapter 843 - Obstructing Justice › 843.18 - Boats; Fleeing or Attempting to Elude a Law Enforcement Officer.

843.18 Boats; fleeing or attempting to elude a law enforcement officer.—
(1) It is unlawful for the operator of any boat plying the waters of the state, having knowledge that she or he has been directed to stop such vessel by a duly authorized law enforcement officer, willfully to refuse or fail to stop in compliance with such directive or, having stopped in knowing compliance with such a directive, willfully to flee in an attempt to elude such officer. Any person violating this section is guilty of a felony of the third degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084.
(2) Any violation of this section with respect to any vessel shall constitute such vessel as contraband which may be seized by a law enforcement agency and which shall be subject to forfeiture pursuant to ss. 932.701-932.704.
History.—s. 1, ch. 80-160; s. 1, ch. 82-210; s. 29, ch. 87-243; s. 11, ch. 87-392; s. 1347, ch. 97-102.
2023 Florida Statutes › Title XLVI - Crimes › Chapter 843 - Obstructing Justice › 843.19 - Offenses Against Police Canines, Fire Canines, Sar Canines, or Police Horses.

843.19 Offenses against police canines, fire canines, SAR canines, or police horses.—
(1) As used in this section, the term:
(a) “Police canine” means any canine, and “police horse” means any horse, that is owned, or the service of which is employed, by a law enforcement agency or a correctional agency for the principal purpose of aiding in the detection of criminal activity, enforcement of laws, or apprehension of offenders.
(b) “Fire canine” means any canine that is owned, or the service of which is employed, by a fire department, a special fire district, or the State Fire Marshal for the principal purpose of aiding in the detection of flammable materials or the investigation of fires.
(c) “SAR canine” means any search and rescue canine that is owned, or the service of which is employed, by a fire department, a law enforcement agency, a correctional agency, a special fire district, or the State Fire Marshal for the principal purpose of aiding in the detection of missing persons, including, but not limited to, persons who are lost, who are trapped under debris as the result of a natural, manmade, or technological disaster, or who are drowning victims.
(2) Any person who intentionally and knowingly, without lawful cause or justification, causes great bodily harm, permanent disability, or death to, or uses a deadly weapon upon, a police canine, fire canine, SAR canine, or police horse commits a felony of the second degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084.
(3) Any person who actually and intentionally maliciously touches, strikes, or causes bodily harm to a police canine, fire canine, SAR canine, or police horse commits a felony of the third degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084.
(4) Any person who intentionally or knowingly maliciously harasses, teases, interferes with, or attempts to interfere with a police canine, fire canine, SAR canine, or police horse while the animal is in the performance of its duties commits a misdemeanor of the first degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.
(5) A person convicted of an offense under this section shall make restitution for injuries caused to the police canine, fire canine, SAR canine, or police horse and shall pay the replacement cost of the animal if, as a result of the offense, the animal can no longer perform its duties.
History.—s. 1, ch. 81-43; s. 1, ch. 84-187; s. 2, ch. 93-20; s. 2, ch. 97-61; s. 1, ch. 2005-139; s. 1, ch. 2019-9; s. 2, ch. 2023-110.
2023 Florida Statutes › Title XLVI - Crimes › Chapter 843 - Obstructing Justice › 843.20 - Harassment of Participant of Neighborhood Crime Watch Program Prohibited; Penalty; Definitions.

843.20 Harassment of participant of neighborhood crime watch program prohibited; penalty; definitions.—
(1) It shall be a misdemeanor of the first degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083, for any person to willfully harass, threaten, or intimidate an identifiable member of a neighborhood crime watch program while such member is engaged in, or traveling to or from, an organized neighborhood crime watch program activity or a member who is participating in an ongoing criminal investigation, as designated by a law enforcement officer.
(2) As used in this section, the term:
(a) “Harass” means to engage in a course of conduct directed at a specific person which causes substantial emotional distress in that person and serves no legitimate purpose.
(b) “Organized neighborhood crime watch program activity” means any prearranged event, meeting, or other scheduled activity, or neighborhood patrol, conducted by or at the direction of a neighborhood crime watch program or the program’s authorized designee.
History.—s. 2, ch. 2004-18.
2023 Florida Statutes › Title XLVI - Crimes › Chapter 843 - Obstructing Justice › 843.21 - Depriving Crime Victim of Medical Care.

843.21 Depriving crime victim of medical care.—A person who takes custody of or exercises control over a person he or she knows to be injured as a result of criminal activity and deprives that person of medical care with the intent to avoid, delay, hinder, or obstruct any investigation of the criminal activity contributing to the injury commits:
(1) If the victim’s medical condition worsens as a result of the deprivation of medical care, a felony of the third degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084.
(2) If deprivation of medical care contributes or results in the death of the victim, a felony of the second degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084.
History.—s. 2, ch. 2008-208.
2023 Florida Statutes › Title XLVI - Crimes › Chapter 843 - Obstructing Justice › 843.22 - Traveling Across County Lines With Intent to Commit a Burglary.

843.22 Traveling across county lines with intent to commit a burglary.—
(1) As used in this section, the term:
(a) “County of residence” means the county within this state in which a person resides. Evidence of a person’s county of residence includes, but is not limited to:
1. The address on a person’s driver license or state identification card;
2. Records of real property or mobile home ownership;
3. Records of a lease agreement for residential property;
4. The county in which a person’s motor vehicle is registered;
5. The county in which a person is enrolled in an educational institution; and
6. The county in which a person is employed.
(b) “Burglary” means burglary as defined in s. 810.02, including an attempt, solicitation, or conspiracy to commit such offense.
(2) If a person who commits a burglary travels any distance with the intent to commit the burglary in a county in this state other than the person’s county of residence, the degree of the burglary shall be reclassified to the next higher degree. For purposes of sentencing under chapter 921 and determining incentive gain-time eligibility under chapter 944, a burglary that is reclassified under this section is ranked one level above the ranking specified in s. 921.0022 or s. 921.0023 for the burglary committed.
History.—s. 1, ch. 2014-201; s. 1, ch. 2022-116.
2023 Florida Statutes › Title XLVI - Crimes › Chapter 843 - Obstructing Justice › 843.23 - Tampering With an Electronic Monitoring Device.

843.23 Tampering with an electronic monitoring device.—
(1) As used in this section, the term “electronic monitoring device” includes any device that is used to track the location of a person.
(2) It is unlawful for a person to intentionally and without authority:
(a) Remove, destroy, alter, tamper with, damage, or circumvent the operation of an electronic monitoring device that must be worn or used by that person or another person pursuant to a court order or pursuant to an order by the Florida Commission on Offender Review; or
(b) Request, authorize, or solicit a person to remove, destroy, alter, tamper with, damage, or circumvent the operation of an electronic monitoring device required to be worn or used pursuant to a court order or pursuant to an order by the Florida Commission on Offender Review.
(3) A person who violates this section commits a felony of the third degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084.
History.—s. 1, ch. 2016-15.
2023 Florida Statutes › Title XLVI - Crimes › Chapter 847 - Obscenity › 847.002 - Child Pornography Prosecutions.

847.002 Child pornography prosecutions.—
(1) Any law enforcement officer who, pursuant to a criminal investigation, recovers images or movies of child pornography shall:
(a) Provide such images or movies to the law enforcement agency representative assigned to the Child Victim Identification Program at the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children, as required by the center’s guidelines.
(b) Request the law enforcement agency contact information from the Child Victim Identification Program for any images or movies recovered which contain an identified victim of child pornography as defined in s. 960.03.
(c) Provide case information to the Child Victim Identification Program, as required by the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children guidelines, in any case where the law enforcement officer identifies a previously unidentified victim of child pornography.
(2) Any law enforcement officer submitting a case for prosecution which involves the production, promotion, or possession of child pornography shall submit to the designated prosecutor the law enforcement agency contact information provided by the Child Victim Identification Program at the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children, for any images or movies involved in the case which contain the depiction of an identified victim of child pornography as defined in s. 960.03.
(3) In every filed case involving an identified victim of child pornography, as defined in s. 960.03, the prosecuting agency shall enter the following information into the Victims in Child Pornography Tracking Repeat Exploitation database maintained by the Office of the Attorney General:
(a) The case number and agency file number.
(b) The named defendant.
(c) The circuit court division and county.
(d) Current court dates and the status of the case.
(e) Contact information for the prosecutor assigned.
(f) Verification that the prosecutor is or is not in possession of a victim impact statement and will use the statement in sentencing.
History.—s. 5, ch. 2008-172.
2023 Florida Statutes › Title XLVI - Crimes › Chapter 847 - Obscenity › 847.0125 - Retail Display of Materials Harmful to Minors Prohibited.

847.0125 Retail display of materials harmful to minors prohibited.—
(1) “KNOWINGLY” DEFINED.—As used in this section, “knowingly” means having general knowledge of, reason to know, or a belief or ground for belief which warrants further inspection or inquiry of both:
(a) The character and content of any material described herein which is reasonably susceptible of examination by the defendant, and
(b) The age of the minor; however, an honest mistake shall constitute an excuse from liability hereunder if the defendant made a reasonable bona fide attempt to ascertain the true age of such minor.
(2) OFFENSES AND PENALTIES.—
(a) It is unlawful for anyone offering for sale in a retail establishment open to the general public any book, magazine, or other printed material, the cover of which depicts material which is harmful to minors, to knowingly exhibit such book, magazine, or material in such establishment in such a way that it is on open display to, or within the convenient reach of, minors who may frequent the retail establishment. Such items shall, however, be displayed, either individually or collectively, behind an opaque covering which conceals the book, magazine, or other printed material.
(b) It is unlawful for anyone offering for sale in a retail establishment open to the general public any book, magazine, or other printed material, the content of which exploits, is devoted to, or is principally made up of descriptions or depictions of material which is harmful to minors, to knowingly exhibit such book, magazine, or material in such establishment in such a way that it is within the convenient reach of minors who may frequent the retail establishment.
(c) A violation of any provision of this section constitutes a misdemeanor of the first degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.
History.—s. 1, ch. 78-273; s. 1, ch. 79-96; s. 2, ch. 83-77; s. 3, ch. 86-38; s. 4, ch. 86-238; s. 212, ch. 91-224; s. 14, ch. 2010-117.
2023 Florida Statutes › Title XLVI - Crimes › Chapter 847 - Obscenity › 847.0133 - Protection of Minors; Prohibition of Certain Acts in Connection With Obscenity; Penalty.

847.0133 Protection of minors; prohibition of certain acts in connection with obscenity; penalty.—
(1) A person may not knowingly sell, rent, loan, give away, distribute, transmit, or show any obscene material to a minor. For purposes of this section “obscene material” means any obscene book, magazine, periodical, pamphlet, newspaper, comic book, story paper, written or printed story or article, writing paper, card, picture, drawing, photograph, motion picture film, figure, image, videotape, videocassette, phonograph record, or wire or tape or other recording, or any written, printed, or recorded matter of any such character which may or may not require mechanical or other means to be transmuted into auditory, visual, or sensory representations of such character, or any article or instrument for obscene use, or purporting to be for obscene use or purpose. The term “obscene” has the same meaning as set forth in s. 847.001.
(2) As used in this section “knowingly” has the same meaning set forth in s. 847.012(1). A “minor” is any person under the age of 18 years.
(3) A violation of the provisions of this section constitutes a felony of the third degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.
History.—s. 63, ch. 90-306; s. 7, ch. 93-4; s. 5, ch. 2008-120.
Note.—Section 7, ch. 2008-120, provides that “[t]he amendments to ss. 847.012, 847.011, 847.013, and 847.0133, Florida Statutes, by this act do not apply to providers of communications services as defined in s. 202.11, Florida Statutes, or to providers of information services, including, but not limited to, Internet access service providers and hosting service providers, when they only provide the transmission, storage, or caching of electronic communications or messages of others or provide other related communications or information services used by others in violation of such amended provisions. This exemption shall not apply to providers of communications services as defined in s. 202.11, Florida Statutes, or providers of information services that knowingly for commercial advantage or private financial gain facilitate the specific violation of such amended provisions by others.”
2023 Florida Statutes › Title XLVI - Crimes › Chapter 847 - Obscenity › 847.0134 - Prohibition of Adult Entertainment Establishment That Displays, Sells, or Distributes Materials Harmful to Minors Within 2,500 Feet of a School.

847.0134 Prohibition of adult entertainment establishment that displays, sells, or distributes materials harmful to minors within 2,500 feet of a school.—
(1) Except for those establishments that are legally operating or have been granted a permit from a local government to operate as adult entertainment establishments on or before July 1, 2001, an adult entertainment establishment that sells, rents, loans, distributes, transmits, shows, or exhibits any obscene material, as described in s. 847.0133, or presents live entertainment or a motion picture, slide, or other exhibit that, in whole or in part, depicts nudity, sexual conduct, sexual excitement, sexual battery, sexual bestiality, or sadomasochistic abuse and that is harmful to minors, as described in s. 847.001, may not be located within 2,500 feet of the real property that comprises a public or private elementary school, middle school, or secondary school unless the county or municipality approves the location under proceedings as provided in s. 125.66(5) for counties or s. 166.041(3)(c) for municipalities.
(2) A violation of this section constitutes a felony of the third degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.
History.—s. 2, ch. 2001-177; s. 14, ch. 2023-309.
2023 Florida Statutes › Title XLVI - Crimes › Chapter 847 - Obscenity › 847.01357 - Exploited Children’s Civil Remedy.

847.01357 Exploited children’s civil remedy.—
(1) Any person who, while under the age of 18, was a victim of a sexual abuse crime listed in chapter 794, chapter 800, chapter 827, or chapter 847, where any portion of such abuse was used in the production of child pornography, and who suffers personal or psychological injury as a result of the production, promotion, or possession of such images or movies, may bring an action in an appropriate state court against the producer, promoter, or possessor of such images or movies, regardless of whether the victim is now an adult. In any action brought under this section, a prevailing plaintiff shall recover the actual damages such person sustained and the cost of the suit, including reasonable attorney’s fees. Any victim who is awarded damages under this section shall be deemed to have sustained damages of at least $150,000.
(2) Notwithstanding any other provisions of law, any action commenced under this section must be filed within 3 years after the later of:
(a) The conclusion of a related criminal case;
(b) The notification to the victim by a member of a law enforcement agency of the creation, possession, or promotion of pornographic images; or
(c) In the case of a victim younger than 18, within 3 years after the person reaches the age of 18.
(3) Any victim who has a bona fide claim under this section shall, upon request, be provided a pseudonym, pursuant to s. 92.56(3), which shall be issued and maintained by the Department of Legal Affairs for use in all legal pleadings. This identifier shall be fully recognized in all courts in this state as a valid legal identity.
(4) It is not a defense to a civil cause of action under this section that the respondent did not know the victim or commit the abuse depicted in any image of child pornography.
(5) To prevent the further exploitation of victims for monetary gain by any other person, at the victim’s request and pursuant to agency approval, the Office of the Attorney General may pursue cases on behalf of any Florida victim under this section. All damages obtained shall go to the victim, and the Office of the Attorney General may seek reasonable attorney’s fees and costs as authorized under this section.
History.—s. 6, ch. 2008-172.
2023 Florida Statutes › Title XLVI - Crimes › Chapter 847 - Obscenity › 847.0137 - Transmission of Pornography by Electronic Device or Equipment Prohibited; Penalties.

847.0137 Transmission of pornography by electronic device or equipment prohibited; penalties.—
(1) As used in this section, the term “transmit” means the act of sending and causing to be delivered, including the act of providing access for receiving and causing to be delivered, any image, information, or data over or through any medium, including the Internet or an interconnected network, by use of any electronic equipment or other device.
(2) Notwithstanding ss. 847.012 and 847.0133, any person in this state who knew or reasonably should have known that he or she was transmitting child pornography, as defined in s. 847.001, to another person in this state or in another jurisdiction commits a felony of the third degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084.
(3) Notwithstanding ss. 847.012 and 847.0133, any person in any jurisdiction other than this state who knew or reasonably should have known that he or she was transmitting child pornography, as defined in s. 847.001, to any person in this state commits a felony of the third degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084.
(4) This section shall not be construed to preclude prosecution of a person in this state or another jurisdiction for a violation of any law of this state, including a law providing for greater penalties than prescribed in this section, for the transmission of child pornography, as defined in s. 847.001, to any person in this state.
(5) A person is subject to prosecution in this state pursuant to chapter 910 for any act or conduct proscribed by this section, including a person in a jurisdiction other than this state, if the act or conduct violates subsection (3).
The provisions of this section do not apply to subscription-based transmissions such as list servers.
History.—s. 4, ch. 2001-54; s. 9, ch. 2022-212.
2023 Florida Statutes › Title XLVI - Crimes › Chapter 847 - Obscenity › 847.0138 - Transmission of Material Harmful to Minors to a Minor by Electronic Device or Equipment Prohibited; Penalties.

847.0138 Transmission of material harmful to minors to a minor by electronic device or equipment prohibited; penalties.—
(1) For purposes of this section:
(a) “Known by the defendant to be a minor” means that the defendant had actual knowledge or believed that the recipient of the communication was a minor.
(b) “Transmit” means to send to a specific individual known by the defendant to be a minor via electronic mail.
(2) Notwithstanding ss. 847.012 and 847.0133, any person who knew or believed that he or she was transmitting an image, information, or data that is harmful to minors, as defined in s. 847.001, to a specific individual known by the defendant to be a minor commits a felony of the third degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084.
(3) Notwithstanding ss. 847.012 and 847.0133, any person in any jurisdiction other than this state who knew or believed that he or she was transmitting an image, information, or data that is harmful to minors, as defined in s. 847.001, to a specific individual known by the defendant to be a minor commits a felony of the third degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084.
The provisions of this section do not apply to subscription-based transmissions such as list servers.
History.—s. 5, ch. 2001-54; s. 8, ch. 2009-194.
2023 Florida Statutes › Title XLVI - Crimes › Chapter 847 - Obscenity › 847.0139 - Immunity From Civil Liability for Reporting Child Pornography, Transmission of Child Pornography, or Any Image, Information, or Data Harmful to Minors to a Minor in This State.

847.0139 Immunity from civil liability for reporting child pornography, transmission of child pornography, or any image, information, or data harmful to minors to a minor in this state.—Any person who reports to a law enforcement officer what the person reasonably believes to be child pornography, transmission of child pornography, or any image, information, or data that is harmful to minors to a minor in this state may not be held civilly liable for such reporting. For purposes of this section, such reporting may include furnishing the law enforcement officer with any image, information, or data that the person reasonably believes to be evidence of child pornography, transmission of child pornography, or an image, information, or data that is harmful to minors to a minor in this state.
History.—s. 6, ch. 2001-54.