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2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 5 - Pedestrians Rights and Duties › Section 21951.

21951. Whenever any vehicle has stopped at a marked crosswalk or at any unmarked crosswalk at an intersection to permit a pedestrian to cross the roadway the driver of any other vehicle approaching from the rear shall not overtake and pass the stopped vehicle.
(Enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 5 - Pedestrians Rights and Duties › Section 21953.

21953. (a) Whenever any pedestrian crosses a roadway other than by means of a pedestrian tunnel or overhead pedestrian crossing, if a pedestrian tunnel or overhead crossing serves the place where the pedestrian is crossing the roadway, such pedestrian shall yield the right-of-way to all vehicles on the highway so near as to constitute an immediate hazard.
(b) This section shall not be construed to mean that a marked crosswalk, with or without a signal device, cannot be installed where a pedestrian tunnel or overhead crossing exists.
(c) (1) A peace officer, as defined in Chapter 4.5 (commencing with Section 830) of Title 3 of Part 2 of the Penal Code, shall not stop a pedestrian for a violation of subdivision (a) unless a reasonably careful person would realize there is an immediate danger of a collision with a moving vehicle or other device moving exclusively by human power.
(2) This subdivision does not relieve a pedestrian from the duty of using due care for their safety.
(3) This subdivision does not relieve a driver of a vehicle from the duty of exercising due care for the safety of any pedestrian within the roadway.
(Amended by Stats. 2022, Ch. 957, Sec. 9. (AB 2147) Effective January 1, 2023.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 5 - Pedestrians Rights and Duties › Section 21954.

21954. (a) Every pedestrian upon a roadway at any point other than within a marked crosswalk or within an unmarked crosswalk at an intersection shall yield the right-of-way to all vehicles upon the roadway so near as to constitute an immediate hazard.
(b) The provisions of this section shall not relieve the driver of a vehicle from the duty to exercise due care for the safety of any pedestrian upon a roadway.
(c) (1) A peace officer, as defined in Chapter 4.5 (commencing with Section 830) of Title 3 of Part 2 of the Penal Code, shall not stop a pedestrian for a violation of subdivision (a) unless a reasonably careful person would realize there is an immediate danger of a collision with a moving vehicle or other device moving exclusively by human power.
(2) This subdivision does not relieve a pedestrian from the duty of using due care for their safety.
(3) This subdivision does not relieve a driver of a vehicle from the duty of exercising due care for the safety of any pedestrian within the roadway.
(Amended by Stats. 2022, Ch. 957, Sec. 10. (AB 2147) Effective January 1, 2023.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 5 - Pedestrians Rights and Duties › Section 21955.

21955. (a) Between adjacent intersections controlled by traffic control signal devices or by police officers, pedestrians shall not cross the roadway at any place except in a crosswalk.
(b) (1) A peace officer, as defined in Chapter 4.5 (commencing with Section 830) of Title 3 of Part 2 of the Penal Code, shall not stop a pedestrian for a violation of subdivision (a) unless a reasonably careful person would realize there is an immediate danger of a collision with a moving vehicle or other device moving exclusively by human power.
(2) This subdivision does not relieve a pedestrian from the duty of using due care for their safety.
(3) This subdivision does not relieve a driver of a vehicle from the duty of exercising due care for the safety of any pedestrian within the roadway.
(Amended by Stats. 2022, Ch. 957, Sec. 11. (AB 2147) Effective January 1, 2023.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 5 - Pedestrians Rights and Duties › Section 21956.

21956. (a) A pedestrian shall not walk upon a roadway outside of a business or residence district otherwise than close to the pedestrian’s left-hand edge of the roadway.
(b) A pedestrian may walk close to their right-hand edge of the roadway if a crosswalk or other means of safely crossing the roadway is not available or if existing traffic or other conditions would compromise the safety of a pedestrian attempting to cross the road.
(c) (1) A peace officer, as defined in Chapter 4.5 (commencing with Section 830) of Title 3 of Part 2 of the Penal Code, shall not stop a pedestrian for a violation of this section unless a reasonably careful person would realize there is an immediate danger of a collision with a moving vehicle or other device moving exclusively by human power.
(2) This subdivision does not relieve a pedestrian from the duty of using due care for their safety.
(3) This subdivision does not relieve a driver of a vehicle from the duty of exercising due care for the safety of any pedestrian within the roadway.
(Amended by Stats. 2022, Ch. 957, Sec. 12. (AB 2147) Effective January 1, 2023.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 5 - Pedestrians Rights and Duties › Section 21959.

21959. It is unlawful for any person to ski or toboggan on or across any roadway in such a manner as to interfere with the movement of vehicles thereon. A person on skis proceeding on or across a highway at a pace no greater than a walk is not within the prohibition of this section and shall be considered to be a pedestrian with all the rights and duties thereof as prescribed in this code.
(Amended by Stats. 1972, Ch. 46.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 5 - Pedestrians Rights and Duties › Section 21960.

21960. (a) The Department of Transportation and local authorities, by order, ordinance, or resolution, with respect to freeways, expressways, or designated portions thereof under their respective jurisdictions, to which vehicle access is completely or partially controlled, may prohibit or restrict the use of the freeways, expressways, or any portion thereof by pedestrians, bicycles or other nonmotorized traffic or by any person operating a motor-driven cycle, motorized bicycle, motorized scooter, or electrically motorized board. A prohibition or restriction pertaining to bicycles, motor-driven cycles, motorized scooters, or electrically motorized boards shall be deemed to include motorized bicycles. A person shall not operate a motorized bicycle wherever that prohibition or restriction is in force. Notwithstanding any order, ordinance, or resolution to the contrary, the driver or passengers of a disabled vehicle stopped on a freeway or expressway may walk to the nearest exit, in either direction, on that side of the freeway or expressway upon which the vehicle is disabled, from which telephone or motor vehicle repair services are available.
(b) The prohibitory regulation authorized by subdivision (a) shall be effective when appropriate signs giving notice thereof are erected upon any freeway or expressway and the approaches thereto. If any portion of a county freeway or expressway is contained within the limits of a city within the county, the county may erect signs on that portion as required under this subdivision if the ordinance has been approved by the city pursuant to subdivision (b) of Section 1730 of the Streets and Highways Code.
(c) No ordinance or resolution of local authorities shall apply to any state highway until the proposed ordinance or resolution has been presented to, and approved in writing by, the Department of Transportation.
(d) An ordinance or resolution adopted under this section on or after January 1, 2005, to prohibit pedestrian access to a county freeway or expressway shall not be effective unless it is supported by a finding by the local authority that the freeway or expressway does not have pedestrian facilities and pedestrian use would pose a safety risk to the pedestrian.
(Amended by Stats. 2015, Ch. 777, Sec. 4. (AB 604) Effective January 1, 2016.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 5 - Pedestrians Rights and Duties › Section 21961.

21961. (a) This chapter does not prevent local authorities from adopting ordinances prohibiting pedestrians from crossing roadways at other than crosswalks.
(b) (1) A peace officer, as defined in Chapter 4.5 (commencing with Section 830) of Title 3 of Part 2 of the Penal Code, shall not stop a pedestrian for a violation of an ordinance adopted by a local authority pursuant to this section, unless a reasonably careful person would realize there is an immediate danger of a collision with a moving vehicle or other device moving exclusively by human power.
(2) This subdivision does not relieve a pedestrian from the duty of using due care for their safety.
(3) This subdivision does not relieve a driver of a vehicle from the duty of exercising due care for the safety of any pedestrian within the roadway.
(Amended by Stats. 2022, Ch. 957, Sec. 13. (AB 2147) Effective January 1, 2023.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 5 - Pedestrians Rights and Duties › Section 21962.

21962. Any peace officer having reasonable cause to believe that any pedestrian is stopped or standing on any bridge or overpass for the purpose of violating Section 23110, may lawfully order such person from the bridge or overpass.
(Added by Stats. 1965, Ch. 1673.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 5 - Pedestrians Rights and Duties › Section 21963.

21963. A totally or partially blind pedestrian who is carrying a predominantly white cane (with or without a red tip), or using a guide dog, shall have the right-of-way, and the driver of any vehicle approaching this pedestrian, who fails to yield the right-of-way, or to take all reasonably necessary precautions to avoid injury to this blind pedestrian, is guilty of a misdemeanor, punishable by imprisonment in the county jail not exceeding six months, or by a fine of not less than five hundred dollars ($500) nor more than one thousand dollars ($1,000), or both. This section shall not preclude prosecution under any other applicable provision of law.
(Amended by Stats. 1993, Ch. 1149, Sec. 7. Effective January 1, 1994.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 5 - Pedestrians Rights and Duties › Section 21964.

21964. No person, other than those totally or partially blind, shall carry or use on any highway or in any public building, public facility, or other public place, a predominantly white cane (with or without a red tip).
(Added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 461.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 5 - Pedestrians Rights and Duties › Section 21965.

21965. As used in Sections 21963 and 21964, “blind,” “totally blind,” and “partially blind,” mean having central visual acuity not to exceed 20/200 in the better eye, with corrected lenses, as measured by the Snellen test, or visual acuity greater than 20/200, but with a limitation in the field of vision such that the widest diameter of the visual field subtends an angle not greater than 20 degrees.
(Added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 461.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 5 - Pedestrians Rights and Duties › Section 21966.

21966. (a) A pedestrian shall not proceed along a bicycle path or lane where there is an adjacent adequate pedestrian facility.
(b) (1) A peace officer, as defined in Chapter 4.5 (commencing with Section 830) of Title 3 of Part 2 of the Penal Code, shall not stop a pedestrian for a violation of subdivision (a) unless a reasonably careful person would realize there is an immediate danger of a collision with a moving vehicle or other device moving exclusively by human power.
(2) This subdivision does not relieve a pedestrian from the duty of using due care for their safety.
(3) This subdivision does not relieve a bicyclist from the duty of exercising due care for the safety of any pedestrian within the roadway.
(Amended by Stats. 2022, Ch. 957, Sec. 14. (AB 2147) Effective January 1, 2023.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 5 - Pedestrians Rights and Duties › Section 21967.

21967. Except as provided in Section 21968, a local authority may adopt rules and regulations by ordinance or resolution prohibiting or restricting persons from riding or propelling skateboards, or electrically motorized boards, on highways, sidewalks, or roadways.
(Amended by Stats. 2015, Ch. 777, Sec. 5. (AB 604) Effective January 1, 2016.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 5 - Pedestrians Rights and Duties › Section 21968.

21968. (a) A motorized skateboard shall not be propelled on any sidewalk, roadway, or any other part of a highway or on any bikeway, bicycle path or trail, equestrian trail, or hiking or recreational trail.
(b) For purposes of this section, an electrically motorized board, as defined in Section 313.5, is not a motorized skateboard.
(Amended by Stats. 2015, Ch. 777, Sec. 6. (AB 604) Effective January 1, 2016.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 5 - Pedestrians Rights and Duties › Section 21970.

21970. (a) No person may stop a vehicle unnecessarily in a manner that causes the vehicle to block a marked or unmarked crosswalk or sidewalk.
(b) Subdivision (a) does not preclude the driver of a vehicle facing a steady circular red light from turning right or turning left from a one-way street onto a one-way street pursuant to subdivision (b) of Section 21453.
(Added by Stats. 2000, Ch. 833, Sec. 11. Effective January 1, 2001.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 5 - Pedestrians Rights and Duties › Section 21971.

21971. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, any person who violates subdivision (a) or (b) of Section 21451, subdivision (b) of Section 21453, subdivision (a) of Section 21950, or Section 21952, and causes the bodily injury of anyone other than the driver is guilty of an infraction punishable under Section 42001.18.
(Added by Stats. 2000, Ch. 833, Sec. 12. Effective January 1, 2001.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 6 - Turning and Stopping and Turning Signals › Section 22100.

22100. Except as provided in Section 22100.5 or 22101, the driver of any vehicle intending to turn upon a highway shall do so as follows:
(a) Right Turns. Both the approach for a right-hand turn and a right-hand turn shall be made as close as practicable to the right-hand curb or edge of the roadway except:
(1) Upon a highway having three marked lanes for traffic moving in one direction that terminates at an intersecting highway accommodating traffic in both directions, the driver of a vehicle in the middle lane may turn right into any lane lawfully available to traffic moving in that direction upon the roadway being entered.
(2) If a right-hand turn is made from a one-way highway at an intersection, a driver shall approach the turn as provided in this subdivision and shall complete the turn in any lane lawfully available to traffic moving in that direction upon the roadway being entered.
(3) Upon a highway having an additional lane or lanes marked for a right turn by appropriate signs or markings, the driver of a vehicle may turn right from any lane designated and marked for that turning movement.
(b) Left Turns. The approach for a left turn shall be made as close as practicable to the left-hand edge of the extreme left-hand lane or portion of the roadway lawfully available to traffic moving in the direction of travel of the vehicle and, when turning at an intersection, the left turn shall not be made before entering the intersection. After entering the intersection, the left turn shall be made so as to leave the intersection in a lane lawfully available to traffic moving in that direction upon the roadway being entered, except that upon a highway having three marked lanes for traffic moving in one direction that terminates at an intersecting highway accommodating traffic in both directions, the driver of a vehicle in the middle lane may turn left into any lane lawfully available to traffic moving in that direction upon the roadway being entered.
(Amended by Stats. 2004, Ch. 183, Sec. 353. Effective January 1, 2005.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 6 - Turning and Stopping and Turning Signals › Section 22100.5.

22100.5. No driver shall make a U-turn at an intersection controlled by official traffic signals except as provided in Section 21451, and then only from the far lefthand lane that is lawfully available to traffic moving in the direction of travel from which the turn is commenced. No driver shall make a U-turn at an intersection controlled by official traffic control devices except from the far lefthand lane that is lawfully available to traffic moving in the direction of travel from which the turn is commenced.
(Amended by Stats. 1984, Ch. 700, Sec. 2.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 6 - Turning and Stopping and Turning Signals › Section 22101.

22101. (a) The Department of Transportation or local authorities, in respect to highways under their respective jurisdictions, may cause official traffic control devices to be placed or erected within or adjacent to intersections to regulate or prohibit turning movements at such intersections.
(b) When turning movements are required at an intersection, notice of that requirement shall be given by erection of a sign, unless an additional clearly marked traffic lane is provided for the approach to the turning movement, in which event notice as applicable to that additional traffic lane shall be given by an official traffic control device.
(c) When right- or left-hand turns are prohibited at an intersection, notice of that prohibition shall be given by erection of a sign.
(d) When an official traffic control device is placed as required in subdivisions (b) or (c), it is unlawful for a driver of a vehicle to disobey the directions of the official traffic control device.
(e) (1) A person operating a bicycle may travel straight through a right- or left-hand turn only lane when an official traffic control device indicates that the movement is permitted.
(2) The Department of Transportation shall develop standards for lane striping, pavement markings, and appropriate regulatory signs to implement this subdivision.
(Amended by Stats. 2019, Ch. 221, Sec. 1. (AB 1266) Effective January 1, 2020.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 6 - Turning and Stopping and Turning Signals › Section 22102.

22102. No person in a business district shall make a U-turn, except at an intersection, or on a divided highway where an opening has been provided in accordance with Section 21651. This turning movement shall be made as close as practicable to the extreme left-hand edge of the lanes moving in the driver’s direction of travel immediately prior to the initiation of the turning movement, when more than one lane in the direction of travel is present.
(Amended by Stats. 1985, Ch. 47, Sec. 1.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 6 - Turning and Stopping and Turning Signals › Section 22103.

22103. No person in a residence district shall make a U-turn when any other vehicle is approaching from either direction within 200 feet, except at an intersection when the approaching vehicle is controlled by an official traffic control device.
(Amended by Stats. 1970, Ch. 620.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 6 - Turning and Stopping and Turning Signals › Section 22104.

22104. No person shall make a U-turn in front of the driveway entrance or approaches to a fire station. No person shall use the driveway entrance or approaches to a fire station for the purpose of turning a vehicle so as to proceed in the opposite direction.
(Amended by Stats. 1970, Ch. 620.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 6 - Turning and Stopping and Turning Signals › Section 22105.

22105. No person shall make a U-turn upon any highway where the driver of such vehicle does not have an unobstructed view for 200 feet in both directions along the highway and of any traffic thereon.
(Amended by Stats. 1972, Ch. 64.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 6 - Turning and Stopping and Turning Signals › Section 22106.

22106. No person shall start a vehicle stopped, standing, or parked on a highway, nor shall any person back a vehicle on a highway until such movement can be made with reasonable safety.
(Enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 6 - Turning and Stopping and Turning Signals › Section 22107.

22107. No person shall turn a vehicle from a direct course or move right or left upon a roadway until such movement can be made with reasonable safety and then only after the giving of an appropriate signal in the manner provided in this chapter in the event any other vehicle may be affected by the movement.
(Amended by Stats. 1959, Ch. 1996.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 6 - Turning and Stopping and Turning Signals › Section 22109.

22109. No person shall stop or suddenly decrease the speed of a vehicle on a highway without first giving an appropriate signal in the manner provided in this chapter to the driver of any vehicle immediately to the rear when there is opportunity to give the signal.
(Enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 6 - Turning and Stopping and Turning Signals › Section 22110.

22110. (a) The signals required by this chapter shall be given by signal lamp, unless a vehicle is not required to be and is not equipped with turn signals. Drivers of vehicles not required to be and not equipped with turn signals shall give a hand and arm signal when required by this chapter.
(b) In the event the signal lamps become inoperable while driving, hand and arm signals shall be used in the manner required in this chapter.
(Amended by Stats. 1999, Ch. 1008, Sec. 12. Effective January 1, 2000.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 6 - Turning and Stopping and Turning Signals › Section 22111.

22111. All required signals given by hand and arm shall be given from the left side of a vehicle in the following manner:
(a) Left turn—hand and arm extended horizontally beyond the side of the vehicle.
(b) Right turn—hand and arm extended upward beyond the side of the vehicle, except that a bicyclist may extend the right hand and arm horizontally to the right side of the bicycle.
(c) Stop or sudden decrease of speed signal—hand and arm extended downward beyond the side of the vehicle.
(Amended by Stats. 1976, Ch. 751.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 6 - Turning and Stopping and Turning Signals › Section 22113.

22113. This chapter does not prevent local authorities, by ordinance, from prohibiting the making of any turning movement by any vehicle at any intersection or between any designated intersections.
(Enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 7 - Speed Laws › ARTICLE 1 - Generally › Section 22348.

22348. (a) Notwithstanding subdivision (b) of Section 22351, a person shall not drive a vehicle upon a highway with a speed limit established pursuant to Section 22349 or 22356 at a speed greater than that speed limit.
(b) A person who drives a vehicle upon a highway at a speed greater than 100 miles per hour is guilty of an infraction punishable, as follows:
(1) Upon a first conviction of a violation of this subdivision, by a fine of not to exceed five hundred dollars ($500). The court may also suspend the privilege of the person to operate a motor vehicle for a period not to exceed 30 days pursuant to Section 13200.5.
(2) Upon a conviction under this subdivision of an offense that occurred within three years of a prior offense resulting in a conviction of an offense under this subdivision, by a fine of not to exceed seven hundred fifty dollars ($750). The person’s privilege to operate a motor vehicle shall be suspended by the Department of Motor Vehicles pursuant to subdivision (a) of Section 13355.
(3) Upon a conviction under this subdivision of an offense that occurred within five years of two or more prior offenses resulting in convictions of offenses under this subdivision, by a fine of not to exceed one thousand dollars ($1,000). The person’s privilege to operate a motor vehicle shall be suspended by the Department of Motor Vehicles pursuant to subdivision (b) of Section 13355.
(c) A vehicle subject to Section 22406 shall be driven in a lane designated pursuant to Section 21655, or if a lane has not been so designated, in the right-hand lane for traffic or as close as practicable to the right-hand edge or curb. When overtaking and passing another vehicle proceeding in the same direction, the driver shall use either the designated lane, the lane to the immediate left of the right-hand lane, or the right-hand lane for traffic as permitted under this code. If, however, specific lane or lanes have not been designated on a divided highway having four or more clearly marked lanes for traffic in one direction, a vehicle may also be driven in the lane to the immediate left of the right-hand lane, unless otherwise prohibited under this code. This subdivision does not apply to a driver who is preparing for a left- or right-hand turn or who is in the process of entering into or exiting from a highway or to a driver who is required necessarily to drive in a lane other than the right-hand lane to continue on his or her intended route.
(Amended by Stats. 2004, Ch. 300, Sec. 1. Effective January 1, 2005.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 7 - Speed Laws › ARTICLE 1 - Generally › Section 22349.

22349. (a) Except as provided in Section 22356, no person may drive a vehicle upon a highway at a speed greater than 65 miles per hour.
(b) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person may drive a vehicle upon a two-lane, undivided highway at a speed greater than 55 miles per hour unless that highway, or portion thereof, has been posted for a higher speed by the Department of Transportation or appropriate local agency upon the basis of an engineering and traffic survey. For purposes of this subdivision, the following apply:
(1) A two-lane, undivided highway is a highway with not more than one through lane of travel in each direction.
(2) Passing lanes may not be considered when determining the number of through lanes.
(c) It is the intent of the Legislature that there be reasonable signing on affected two-lane, undivided highways described in subdivision (b) in continuing the 55 miles-per-hour speed limit, including placing signs at county boundaries to the extent possible, and at other appropriate locations.
(Amended by Stats. 1999, Ch. 724, Sec. 41. Effective January 1, 2000.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 7 - Speed Laws › ARTICLE 1 - Generally › Section 22350.

22350. No person shall drive a vehicle upon a highway at a speed greater than is reasonable or prudent having due regard for weather, visibility, the traffic on, and the surface and width of, the highway, and in no event at a speed which endangers the safety of persons or property.
(Amended by Stats. 1963, Ch. 252.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 7 - Speed Laws › ARTICLE 1 - Generally › Section 22351.

22351. (a) The speed of any vehicle upon a highway not in excess of the limits specified in Section 22352 or established as authorized in this code is lawful unless clearly proved to be in violation of the basic speed law.
(b) The speed of any vehicle upon a highway in excess of the prima facie speed limits in Section 22352 or established as authorized in this code is prima facie unlawful unless the defendant establishes by competent evidence that the speed in excess of said limits did not constitute a violation of the basic speed law at the time, place and under the conditions then existing.
(Enacted by Stats. 1959, Ch. 3.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 7 - Speed Laws › ARTICLE 1 - Generally › Section 22352.

22352. The prima facie limits are as follows and shall be applicable unless changed as authorized in this code and, if so changed, only when signs have been erected giving notice thereof:
(a) Fifteen miles per hour:
(1) When traversing a railway grade crossing, if during the last 100 feet of the approach to the crossing the driver does not have a clear and unobstructed view of the crossing and of any traffic on the railway for a distance of 400 feet in both directions along the railway. This subdivision does not apply in the case of any railway grade crossing where a human flagperson is on duty or a clearly visible electrical or mechanical railway crossing signal device is installed but does not then indicate the immediate approach of a railway train or car.
(2) When traversing any intersection of highways if during the last 100 feet of the driver’s approach to the intersection the driver does not have a clear and unobstructed view of the intersection and of any traffic upon all of the highways entering the intersection for a distance of 100 feet along all those highways, except at an intersection protected by stop signs or yield right-of-way signs or controlled by official traffic control signals.
(3) On any alley.
(b) Twenty-five miles per hour:
(1) On any highway, in any business or residence district unless a different speed is determined by local authority or the Department of Transportation under procedures set forth in this code.
(2) When approaching or passing a school building or the grounds thereof, contiguous to a highway and posted with a standard “SCHOOL” warning sign, while children are going to or leaving the school either during school hours or during the noon recess period. The prima facie limit shall also apply when approaching or passing any school grounds which are not separated from the highway by a fence, gate, or other physical barrier while the grounds are in use by children and the highway is posted with a standard “SCHOOL” warning sign. For purposes of this subparagraph, standard “SCHOOL” warning signs may be placed at any distance up to 500 feet away from school grounds.
(3) When passing a senior center or other facility primarily used by senior citizens, contiguous to a street other than a state highway and posted with a standard “SENIOR” warning sign. A local authority may erect a sign pursuant to this paragraph when the local agency makes a determination that the proposed signing should be implemented. A local authority may request grant funding from the Active Transportation Program pursuant to Chapter 8 (commencing with Section 2380) of Division 3 of the Streets and Highways Code, or any other grant funding available to it, and use that grant funding to pay for the erection of those signs, or may utilize any other funds available to it to pay for the erection of those signs, including, but not limited to, donations from private sources.
(Amended by Stats. 2021, Ch. 690, Sec. 3. (AB 43) Effective January 1, 2022.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 7 - Speed Laws › ARTICLE 1 - Generally › Section 22353.

22353. When conducting an engineering and traffic survey, the City of Norco, in addition to the factors set forth in Section 627, may also consider equestrian safety.
(Added by Stats. 2002, Ch. 186, Sec. 1. Effective January 1, 2003.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 7 - Speed Laws › ARTICLE 1 - Generally › Section 22353.2.

22353.2. The City of Burbank may also consider equestrian safety when conducting an engineering and traffic survey of the public streets within the boundaries of the Rancho Master Plan Area in the City of Burbank, as described in the City of Burbank’s General Plan adopted on February 19, 2013, in addition to the factors set forth in Section 627.
(Added by Stats. 2018, Ch. 398, Sec. 1. (AB 2955) Effective January 1, 2019.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 7 - Speed Laws › ARTICLE 1 - Generally › Section 22353.3.

22353.3. The City of Glendale may also consider equestrian safety when conducting an engineering and traffic survey of the public streets within the boundaries of the Horse Overlay Zone, commonly known as the Riverside Rancho Area, in the City of Glendale, as described in Chapter 30.21 of the Glendale Municipal Code, in addition to the factors set forth in Section 627.
(Added by Stats. 2018, Ch. 398, Sec. 2. (AB 2955) Effective January 1, 2019.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 7 - Speed Laws › ARTICLE 1 - Generally › Section 22353.4.

22353.4. The City of Los Angeles may also consider equestrian safety when conducting an engineering and traffic survey of the public streets within the boundaries of the Sylmar Community Plan Area and the Sunland-Tujunga-Lake View Terrace-Shadow Hills-East La Tuna Canyon Community Plan Area in the City of Los Angeles, as described in the Sylmar Community Plan adopted on June 10, 2015, and the Sunland-Tujunga-Lake View Terrace-Shadow Hills-East La Tuna Canyon Community Plan Update adopted on November 18, 1997, respectively, in addition to the factors set forth in Section 627.
(Added by Stats. 2018, Ch. 398, Sec. 3. (AB 2955) Effective January 1, 2019.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 7 - Speed Laws › ARTICLE 1 - Generally › Section 22353.5.

22353.5. When conducting an engineering and traffic survey of the public streets within the boundaries of the common interest development known as Orange Park Acres, in addition to the factors set forth in Section 627, the County of Orange may also consider equestrian safety.
(Added by Stats. 2014, Ch. 282, Sec. 1. (AB 1669) Effective January 1, 2015.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 7 - Speed Laws › ARTICLE 1 - Generally › Section 22354.

22354. (a) Whenever the Department of Transportation determines upon the basis of an engineering and traffic survey that the limit of 65 miles per hour is more than is reasonable or safe upon any portion of a state highway where the limit of 65 miles is applicable, the department may determine and declare a prima facie speed limit of 60, 55, 50, 45, 40, 35, 30, 25, 20, or 15 miles per hour, whichever is found most appropriate to facilitate the orderly movement of traffic and is reasonable and safe, which declared prima facie speed limit shall be effective when appropriate signs giving notice thereof are erected upon the highway.
(b) This section shall become operative on the date specified in subdivision (c) of Section 22366.
(Amended by Stats. 2021, Ch. 690, Sec. 4. (AB 43) Effective January 1, 2022.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 7 - Speed Laws › ARTICLE 1 - Generally › Section 22354.5.

22354.5. (a) Whenever the Department of Transportation determines, upon the basis of an engineering and traffic survey, to increase or decrease the existing speed limit on a particular portion of a state highway pursuant to Section 22354, it shall, prior to increasing or decreasing that speed limit, consult with, and take into consideration the recommendations of, the Department of the California Highway Patrol.
(b)  The city council or board of supervisors of a city or county through which any portion of a state highway subject to subdivision (a) extends may conduct a public hearing on the proposed increase or decrease at a convenient location as near as possible to that portion of state highway. The Department of Transportation shall take into consideration the results of the public hearing in determining whether to increase or decrease the speed limit.
(Added by Stats. 1991, Ch. 219, Sec. 1.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 7 - Speed Laws › ARTICLE 1 - Generally › Section 22355.

22355. Whenever the Department of Transportation determines upon the basis of an engineering and traffic survey that the safe and orderly movement of traffic upon any state highway which is a freeway will be facilitated by the establishment of variable speed limits, the department may erect, regulate, and control signs upon the state highway which is a freeway, or any portion thereof, which signs shall be so designed as to permit display of different speed limits at various times of the day or night. Such signs need not conform to the standards and specifications established by regulations of the Department of Transportation pursuant to Section 21400, but shall be of sufficient size and clarity to give adequate notice of the applicable speed limit. The speed limit upon the freeway at a particular time and place shall be that which is then and there displayed upon such sign.
(Amended by Stats. 1973, Ch. 78.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 7 - Speed Laws › ARTICLE 1 - Generally › Section 22356.

22356. (a) Whenever the Department of Transportation, after consultation with the Department of the California Highway Patrol, determines upon the basis of an engineering and traffic survey on existing highway segments, or upon the basis of appropriate design standards and projected traffic volumes in the case of newly constructed highway segments, that a speed greater than 65 miles per hour would facilitate the orderly movement of vehicular traffic and would be reasonable and safe upon any state highway, or portion thereof, that is otherwise subject to a maximum speed limit of 65 miles per hour, the Department of Transportation, with the approval of the Department of the California Highway Patrol, may declare a higher maximum speed of 70 miles per hour for vehicles not subject to Section 22406, and shall cause appropriate signs to be erected giving notice thereof. The Department of Transportation shall only make a determination under this section that is fully consistent with, and in full compliance with, federal law.
(b) No person shall drive a vehicle upon that highway at a speed greater than 70 miles per hour, as posted.
(c) This section shall become operative on the date specified in subdivision (c) of Section 22366.
(Repealed (in Sec. 26) and added by Stats. 1995, Ch. 766, Sec. 27. Effective January 1, 1996. This section became operative, by its own provisions, on the date described in Section 22366.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 7 - Speed Laws › ARTICLE 1 - Generally › Section 22357.

22357. (a) Whenever a local authority determines upon the basis of an engineering and traffic survey that a speed greater than 25 miles per hour would facilitate the orderly movement of vehicular traffic and would be reasonable and safe upon any street other than a state highway otherwise subject to a prima facie limit of 25 miles per hour, the local authority may by ordinance determine and declare a prima facie speed limit of 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, or 60 miles per hour or a maximum speed limit of 65 miles per hour, whichever is found most appropriate to facilitate the orderly movement of traffic and is reasonable and safe. The declared prima facie or maximum speed limit shall be effective when appropriate signs giving notice thereof are erected upon the street and shall not thereafter be revised except upon the basis of an engineering and traffic survey. This section does not apply to any 25-mile-per-hour prima facie limit which is applicable when passing a school building or the grounds thereof or when passing a senior center or other facility primarily used by senior citizens.
(b) This section shall become operative on the date specified in subdivision (c) of Section 22366.
(Repealed (in Sec. 28) and added by Stats. 1995, Ch. 766, Sec. 29. Effective January 1, 1996. This section became operative, by its own provisions, on the date described in Section 22366.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 7 - Speed Laws › ARTICLE 1 - Generally › Section 22357.1.

22357.1. Notwithstanding Section 22357, a local authority may, by ordinance or resolution, set a prima facie speed limit of 25 miles per hour on any street, other than a state highway, adjacent to any children’s playground in a public park but only during particular hours or days when children are expected to use the facilities. The 25 mile per hour speed limit shall be effective when signs giving notice of the speed limit are posted.
(Added by Stats. 1989, Ch. 508, Sec. 1.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 7 - Speed Laws › ARTICLE 1 - Generally › Section 22358.

22358. (a) Whenever a local authority determines upon the basis of an engineering and traffic survey that the limit of 65 miles per hour is more than is reasonable or safe upon any portion of any street other than a state highway where the limit of 65 miles per hour is applicable, the local authority may by ordinance determine and declare a prima facie speed limit of 60, 55, 50, 45, 40, 35, 30, 25, 20, or 15 miles per hour, whichever is found most appropriate to facilitate the orderly movement of traffic and is reasonable and safe, which declared prima facie limit shall be effective when appropriate signs giving notice thereof are erected upon the street.
(b) This section shall become operative on the date specified in subdivision (c) of Section 22366.
(Amended by Stats. 2021, Ch. 690, Sec. 5. (AB 43) Effective January 1, 2022.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 7 - Speed Laws › ARTICLE 1 - Generally › Section 22358.3.

22358.3. Whenever a local authority determines upon the basis of an engineering and traffic survey that the prima facie speed limit of 25 miles per hour in a business or residence district or in a public park on any street having a roadway not exceeding 25 feet in width, other than a state highway, is more than is reasonable or safe, the local authority may, by ordinance or resolution, determine and declare a prima facie speed limit of 20 or 15 miles per hour, whichever is found most appropriate and is reasonable and safe. The declared prima facie limit shall be effective when appropriate signs giving notice thereof are erected upon the street.
(Amended by Stats. 1972, Ch. 1095.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 7 - Speed Laws › ARTICLE 1 - Generally › Section 22358.5.

22358.5. It is the intent of the Legislature that physical conditions such as width, curvature, grade and surface conditions, or any other condition readily apparent to a driver, in the absence of other factors, would not require special downward speed zoning, as the basic rule of section 22350 is sufficient regulation as to such conditions.
(Added by Stats. 1959, Ch. 11.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 7 - Speed Laws › ARTICLE 1 - Generally › Section 22358.6.

22358.6. (a) The Department of Transportation shall, in the next scheduled revision, revise and thereafter maintain the California Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices to require the Department of Transportation or a local authority to round speed limits to the nearest five miles per hour of the 85th percentile of the free-flowing traffic.
(b) In cases in which the speed limit needs to be rounded down to the nearest five miles per hour increment of the 85th-percentile speed, the Department of Transportation or a local authority may lower the speed limit by five miles per hour from the nearest five mile per hour increment of the 85th-percentile speed, in compliance with Sections 627 and 22358.5 and the California Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices, as it read on March 30, 2021, if the reasons for the lower speed limit are documented in an engineering and traffic survey. The Department of Transportation or a local authority may also take into consideration Sections 22353, 22353.2, 22353.3, 22353.4, and 22353.5, if applicable.
(c) In cases in which the speed limit needs to be rounded up to the nearest five miles per hour increment of the 85th-percentile speed, the Department of Transportation or a local authority may decide to instead round down the speed limit to the lower five miles per hour increment. If the speed limit is rounded down pursuant to this subdivision, the speed limit shall not be reduced any further pursuant to subdivision (b).
(d) In addition to subdivisions (b) and (c), a local authority may additionally lower the speed limit as provided in Section 22358.7.
(e) The total reduction in the speed limit pursuant to subdivisions (a) to (d), inclusive, shall not exceed 12.4 miles per hour from the 85th percentile speed.
(f) Notwithstanding subdivisions (a) to (e), inclusive, a local authority may retain the currently adopted speed limit as provided in Section 22358.8 without further reduction, or restore the immediately prior adopted speed limit as provided in Section 22358.8 without further reduction.
(Amended by Stats. 2022, Ch. 406, Sec. 2. (AB 1938) Effective January 1, 2023.)
2023 California Code › Vehicle Code - VEH › DIVISION 11 - RULES OF THE ROAD › CHAPTER 7 - Speed Laws › ARTICLE 1 - Generally › Section 22358.7.

22358.7. (a) If a local authority, after completing an engineering and traffic survey, finds that the speed limit is still more than is reasonable or safe, the local authority may, by ordinance, determine and declare a prima facie speed limit that has been reduced an additional five miles per hour for either of the following reasons:
(1) The portion of highway has been designated as a safety corridor. A local authority shall not deem more than one-fifth of their streets as safety corridors.
(2) The portion of highway is adjacent to any land or facility that generates high concentrations of bicyclists or pedestrians, especially those from vulnerable groups such as children, seniors, persons with disabilities, and the unhoused.
(b) (1) As used in this section, “safety corridor” shall be defined by the Department of Transportation in the next revision of the California Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices. In making this determination, the department shall consider highways that have the highest number of serious injuries and fatalities based on collision data that may be derived from, but not limited to, the Statewide Integrated Traffic Records System.
(2) The Department of Transportation shall, in the next revision of the California Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices, determine what constitutes land or facilities that generate high concentrations of bicyclists and pedestrians, as used in paragraph (2) of subdivision (a). In making this determination, the department shall consider density, road use type, and bicycle and pedestrian infrastructure present on a section of highway.
(c) A local authority may not lower a speed limit as authorized by this section until June 30, 2024, or until the Judicial Council has developed an online tool for adjudicating infraction violations statewide as specified in Article 7 (commencing with Section 68645) of Chapter 2 of Title 8 of the Government Code, whichever is sooner.
(d) A local authority shall issue only warning citations for violations of exceeding the speed limit by 10 miles per hour or less for the first 30 days that a lower speed limit is in effect as authorized by this section.
(Added by Stats. 2021, Ch. 690, Sec. 7. (AB 43) Effective January 1, 2022.)