2023 Connecticut General Statutes › Title 22a - Environmental Protection › Chapter 446k - Water Pollution Control › Section 22a-457b. - Limited immunity for certain persons responding to oil spills.

(a) For the purposes of this section:
(1) “Damages” means damages of any kind for which liability may exist under the laws of this state resulting from, arising out of or related to the discharge or threatened discharge of oil;
(2) “Discharge” means any emission, other than natural seepage, intentional or unintentional, and includes, but is not limited to, spilling, leaking, pumping, pouring, emitting, emptying or dumping;
(3) “Federal on-scene coordinator” means the federal official predesignated by the United States Environmental Protection Agency or the United States Coast Guard to coordinate and direct federal responses under Subpart D, or the official designated by the lead agency to coordinate and direct removal under Subpart E, of the National Contingency Plan;
(4) “National Contingency Plan” means the National Contingency Plan prepared and published under Section 311(d) of the federal Water Pollution Control Act (33 USC 1321(d)), as amended by the Oil Pollution Act of 1990, Public Law 101-380, 104 Stat. 484 (1990);
(5) “Oil” means oil of any kind or in any form, including, but not limited to, petroleum, fuel oil, sludge, oil refuse and oil mixed with wastes other than dredged spoil, but does not include petroleum, including crude oil or any fraction thereof, which is specifically listed or designated as a hazardous substance under subparagraphs (A) to (F), inclusive, of section 101 (14) of the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (42 USC 9601) and which is subject to the provisions of that act;
(6) “Person” means an individual, corporation, limited liability company, partnership, association, state, municipality, commission or political subdivision of a state, or any interstate body;
(7) “Removal costs” means the costs of removal that are incurred after a discharge of oil has occurred or, in any case in which there is a substantial threat of a discharge of oil, the costs to prevent, minimize or mitigate oil pollution from such an incident;
(8) “Responsible party” means a responsible party as defined under Section 1001 of the Oil Pollution Act of 1990, Public Law 101-380, 104 Stat. 484 (1990).
(b) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, a person is not liable for removal costs or damages which result from actions taken or omitted to be taken in the course of rendering care, assistance or advice to prevent, minimize or mitigate a discharge of oil to the surface waters of the state, provided such care, assistance or advice is consistent with the National Contingency Plan or as otherwise directed by the federal on-scene coordinator or, to the extent that the federal coordinator has not given direction, the Commissioner of Energy and Environmental Protection. The immunity provided by this subsection shall not apply (1) to a responsible party; (2) with respect to personal injury or wrongful death; (3) if the person is grossly negligent or engages in wilful misconduct; or (4) to negligence in the operation of a motor vehicle on a public highway.
(c) A responsible party is liable for any removal costs and damages that another person is relieved of under the provisions of subsection (b) of this section.
(d) Nothing in this section affects the liability of a responsible party for oil spill response under any provision of the general statutes.
(P.A. 91-289, S. 1; P.A. 93-224; P.A. 95-79, S. 102, 189; P.A. 11-80, S. 1.)
History: P.A. 93-224 amended Subsec. (b)(4) to specify that the immunity does not apply to negligence in the operation of a motor vehicle “on a public highway”; P.A. 95-79 amended Subsec. (a) to redefine “person” to include a limited liability company, effective May 31, 1995; pursuant to P.A. 11-80, “Commissioner of Environmental Protection” was changed editorially by the Revisors to “Commissioner of Energy and Environmental Protection” in Subsec. (b), effective July 1, 2011.
See Sec. 22a-452 for general immunity provisions.