2023 CODE OF GEORGIA › Title 48 - REVENUE AND TAXATION (§§ 48-1-1 — 48-18-1) › Chapter 7 - INCOME TAXES (§§ 48-7-1 — 48-7-170) › Article 2 - IMPOSITION, RATE, AND COMPUTATION; EXEMPTIONS (§§ 48-7-20 — 48-7-42) › Section 48-7-40.24 - Tax credits for jobs associated with large-scale projects

(a)
As used in this Code section, the term:
(.1)
"Affiliate" means the members of a business enterprise's affiliated group within the meaning of Section 1504(a) of the Internal Revenue Code and also means any entity, notwithstanding its form of organization, that would otherwise qualify as a member of such affiliated group.
(1)
"Business enterprise" or "taxpayer" means any enterprise or organization, whether corporation, partnership, limited liability company, proprietorship, association, trust, business trust, real estate trust, or other form of organization, and its affiliates, which are registered and authorized to use the federal employment verification system known as "E-Verify" or any successor federal employment verification system and are engaged in or carrying on any business activities within this state, except that such term shall not include retail businesses.
(2)
"Eligible full-time employee" means an individual holding a full-time employee job created by a qualified project who:
(A)
Possesses a valid Georgia driver's license or identification card issued by the Department of Driver Services; or
(B)
Submits a notarized affidavit swearing to be a United States citizen or lawfully present alien authorized to work in the United States.
(3)
"Force majeure" means any:
(A)
Explosions, implosions, fires, conflagrations, accidents, or contamination;
(B)
Unusual and unforeseeable weather conditions such as floods, torrential rain, hail, tornadoes, hurricanes, lightning, or other natural calamities or acts of God;
(C)
Acts of war (whether or not declared), carnage, blockade, or embargo;
(D)
Acts of public enemy, acts or threats of terrorism or threats from terrorists, riot, public disorder, or violent demonstrations;
(E)
Strikes or other labor disturbances;
(F)
Expropriation, requisition, confiscation, impoundment, seizure, nationalization, or compulsory acquisition of the site or sites of a qualified project or any part thereof; or
(G)
Pandemic which is an outbreak of a disease that occurs over a wide geographic area, affects a significant proportion of the population, causes a substantial and unforeseeable threat to the public health, and materially impacts the ability to conduct business, provided that this subparagraph shall only apply with respect to a qualified project first certified pursuant to paragraph (2) of subsection (b) of this Code section on or after July 1, 2023;
but such term shall not include any event or circumstance that could have been prevented, overcome, or remedied in whole or in part by the taxpayer through the exercise of reasonable diligence and due care, nor shall such term include the unavailability of funds.
(4)
(A)
"Full-time employee job" and "full-time job" mean employment of an individual which:
(i)
Is located in this state at the site or sites of a qualified project or the facility or facilities resulting therefrom;
(ii)
Involves a regular work week of 35 hours or more;
(iii)
Has no predetermined end date; and
(iv)
Pays at or above the average wage of the county with the lowest average wage in the state, as reported in the most recently available annual issue of the Georgia Employment and Wages Averages Report of the Department of Labor.
(B)
For purposes of this paragraph:
(i)
Leased employees shall be considered employees of the company using their services and such persons may be counted in determining the company's job tax credits under this Code section if their employment otherwise satisfies subparagraph (A) of this paragraph;
(ii)
An individual's employment shall not be deemed to have a predetermined end date solely by virtue of a mandatory retirement age set forth in a company policy of general application. The employment of any individual in a bona fide executive, administrative, or professional capacity, within the meaning of Section 13 of the federal Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938, as amended,
29 U.S.C. Section 213(a)(1)
, as such act existed on January 1, 2002, shall not be deemed to have a predetermined end date solely by virtue of the fact that such employment is pursuant to a fixed-term contract, provided that such contract is for a term of not less than one year; and
(iii)
When there is a merger or acquisition of another company by a business enterprise whose application for a qualified project has been approved, the existing jobs in this state shall not be counted in calculating the job creation requirement and the credit calculation necessary to qualify for the tax credit under this Code section. Only additional jobs added in this state that meet the requirements of this Code section shall be counted for purposes of calculating the job creation requirement and the credit calculation.
(5)
"Job creation requirement" means the requirement that no later than the close of the sixth taxable year following the withholding start date, the business enterprise will have a minimum of 1,800 eligible full-time employees. If at the close of the sixth taxable year following the withholding start date a minimum of $600 million in qualified investment property has been purchased or acquired by the business enterprise to be used with respect to a qualified project, the job creation requirement shall be extended for an additional two-year period. If at the close of the eighth taxable year following the withholding start date a minimum of $800 million in qualified investment property has been purchased or acquired by the business enterprise to be used with respect to a qualified project, the job creation requirement shall be extended for an additional four-year period after the sixth taxable year following the withholding start date.
(6)
"Job maintenance requirement" means the requirement that, with respect to each year in the recapture period, the monthly average number of eligible full-time employees employed by the business enterprise, determined as prescribed by subsection (l) of this Code section, must equal or exceed 1,800.
(7)
"Payroll maintenance requirement" means the requirement that, with respect to each year in the recapture period, the total annual Georgia W-2 reported payroll with respect to a qualified project must equal or exceed $150 million.
(8)
"Payroll requirement" means the requirement that no later than the close of the sixth taxable year following the withholding start date, the business enterprise will have a minimum of $150 million in total annual Georgia W-2 reported payroll with respect to a qualified project.
(9)
"Qualified investment property" means all real and personal property purchased or acquired by a taxpayer for use in a qualified project, including, but not limited to, amounts expended on land acquisition, improvements, buildings, building improvements, and any personal property to be used in the facility or facilities.
(10)
"Qualified investment property requirement" means the requirement that by the close of the sixth taxable year following the withholding start date, a minimum of $450 million in qualified investment property will have been purchased or acquired by the business enterprise to be used with respect to a qualified project.
(11)
"Qualified project" means a project which meets the job creation requirement and either the payroll requirement or qualified investment property requirement. If the taxpayer selects the qualified investment property requirement as one of the conditions for its project, the property shall involve the construction of one or more new facilities in this state or the expansion of one or more existing facilities in this state. For purposes of this paragraph, the term "facilities" means all facilities comprising a single project, including noncontiguous parcels of land, improvements to such land, buildings, building improvements, and any personal property that is used in the facility or facilities.
(12)
"Recapture period" means the period of five consecutive taxable years that commences after the first taxable year in which a business enterprise has satisfied the job creation requirement and either the payroll requirement or the qualified investment property requirement, as selected by the taxpayer.
(13)
"Withholding start date" means the date on which the business enterprise begins to withhold Georgia income tax from the wages of its employees located at the site or sites of a qualified project.
(b)
A business enterprise that is planning a qualified project shall be allowed to take the job tax credit provided by this Code section under the following conditions:
(1)
An application is filed with the commissioner that:
(A)
Describes the qualified project to be undertaken by the business enterprise, including when such project will commence and the expected withholding start date;
(B)
Certifies that such project will meet the job creation requirement and either the payroll requirement or the qualified investment property requirement prescribed by this Code section; and
(C)
Certifies that during the recapture period applicable to such project the business enterprise will meet the job maintenance requirement and, if applicable, the payroll maintenance requirement prescribed by this Code section;
(2)
Following the commissioner's referral of the application to a panel composed of the commissioner of community affairs, the commissioner of economic development, and the director of the Office of Planning and Budget, the panel, after reviewing the application, certifies that the new or expanded facility or facilities will have a significant beneficial economic effect on the region for which they are planned. The panel shall make its determination within 30 days after receipt from the commissioner of the taxpayer's application and any necessary supporting documentation. Although the panel's certification may be based upon other criteria, a project that meets the minimum job creation requirement and either the payroll requirement or qualified investment property requirement, as applicable, specified in paragraph (1) of this subsection will have a significant beneficial economic effect on the region for which it is planned if one of the following additional criteria is met:
(A)
The project will create new full-time employee jobs with average wages that are, as determined by the Department of Labor, for all jobs for the county in question:
(i)
Twenty percent above such average wage for projects located in tier 1 counties;
(ii)
Ten percent above such average wage for projects located in tier 2 counties; or
(iii)
Five percent above such average wage for projects located in tier 3 or tier 4 counties; or
(B)
The project demonstrates high growth potential based upon the prior year's Georgia net taxable income growth of over 20 percent from the previous year, if the taxpayer's Georgia net taxable income in each of the two preceding years also grew by 20 percent or more.
(c)
Any lease for a period of five years or longer of any real or personal property used in a new or expanded facility or facilities which would otherwise constitute qualified investment property shall be treated as the purchase or acquisition thereof by the lessee. The taxpayer may treat the full value of the leased property as qualified investment property in the year in which the lease becomes binding on the lessor and the taxpayer.
(d)
A business enterprise whose application is approved shall be allowed a tax credit for taxes imposed under this article equal to $5,250.00 annually per new eligible full-time employee job for five years beginning with the year in which such job is created through year five after such creation; provided, however, that, where the amount of such credit exceeds a business enterprise's liability for such taxes in a taxable year, the excess may be taken as a credit against such business enterprise's quarterly or monthly payment under Code Section
48-7-103
. The taxpayer may file an election with the commissioner to take such credit against quarterly or monthly payments under Code Section
48-7-103
that become due before the due date of the income tax return on which such credit may be claimed. In the event of such an election, the commissioner shall confirm with the taxpayer a date, which shall not be later than 30 days after receipt of the taxpayer's election, when the taxpayer may begin to take the credit against such quarterly or monthly payments. For any one taxable year the amounts taken as a credit against taxes imposed under this article and against the business enterprise's quarterly or monthly payments under Code Section
48-7-103
may not in the aggregate exceed $5,250.00 per eligible full-time employee job. Each employee whose employer receives credit against such business enterprise's quarterly or monthly payment under Code Section
48-7-103
shall receive a credit against his or her income tax liability under Code Section
48-7-20
for the corresponding taxable year for the full amount which would be credited against such liability prior to the application of the credit provided for in this subsection. Credits against quarterly or monthly payments under Code Section
48-7-103
and credits against liability under Code Section
48-7-20
established by this subsection shall not constitute income to the taxpayer. To qualify for a credit under this subsection, the employer must make health insurance coverage available to the employee filling the new full-time job; provided, however, that nothing in this subsection shall be construed to require the employer to pay for all or any part of health insurance coverage for such an employee in order to claim the credit provided for in this subsection if such employer does not pay for all or any part of health insurance coverage for other employees.
(e)
The number of new full-time jobs to which this Code section shall be applicable shall be determined by comparing the monthly average number of eligible full-time employees subject to Georgia income tax withholding for the taxable year with the corresponding period for the prior taxable year.
(f)
Subject to the requirements of division (a)(4)(B)(iii) of this Code section, the sale, merger, acquisition, or bankruptcy of any business enterprise shall not create new eligibility in any succeeding business entity, but any unused job tax credit may be transferred and continued by any transferee of the business enterprise.
(g)
To qualify for the credit provided by this Code section, a new full-time job must be created by the close of the seventh taxable year following the business enterprise's withholding start date, unless the purchase or acquisition of qualified investment property is made as provided in paragraph (5) of subsection (a) of this Code section, in which case a new full-time job must be created by the close of the eighth taxable year following the business enterprise's withholding start date based on a $600 million qualified investment or the end of the tenth taxable year based on an $800 million qualified investment.
(h)
Any credit claimed under this Code section but not fully used in the manner prescribed in subsection (d) of this Code section may be carried forward for ten years from the close of the taxable year in which the qualified job was established.
(i)
(1)
Except as provided in subsection (g) of this Code section and paragraph (2) of this subsection, a taxpayer who is entitled to and takes credits provided by this Code section for a qualified project shall not be allowed to take any of the credits authorized by Code Section
48-7-40
,
48-7-40.1
,
48-7-40.2
,
48-7-40.3
,
48-7-40.4
,
48-7-40.6
,
48-7-40.7
,
48-7-40.8
,
48-7-40.9
,
48-7-40.10
,
48-7-40.15
,
48-7-40.17
, or
48-7-40.18
for jobs, investments, child care, or ground-water usage shifts created by, arising from, related to, or connected in any way with the same project. Provided such taxpayer otherwise qualifies, such taxpayer may take any credit authorized by Code Section
48-7-40.5
for the costs of retraining an employee located at the site or sites of such project or the facility or facilities resulting therefrom, but only for costs incurred more than five years after the date the facility or facilities first become operational.
(2)
On and after July 1, 2021, a taxpayer who is entitled to and takes credits authorized by this Code section for a high-impact aerospace defense project as such term is defined in Code Section
48-7-40.25
may also take the credits authorized by Code Section
48-7-40.17
for such project; provided, however, that the taxpayer may not take the credits authorized by this Code section and Code Section
48-7-40.17
with respect to such project in the same taxable year.
(j)
Except under those circumstances described in subsection (k) of this Code section, the taxpayer shall, not more than 60 days after the close of the sixth taxable year following its withholding start date, file a report with the commissioner concerning the number of eligible full-time employee jobs created by such project; the wages of such jobs; the qualified investment property purchased or acquired by the taxpayer for the project; and any other information that the commissioner may reasonably require in order to determine whether the taxpayer has met the job creation requirement and either the payroll requirement or the qualified investment property requirement, as selected by the taxpayer, for such project. If the taxpayer has failed to meet any applicable job creation, payroll, or qualified investment property requirement, the taxpayer shall forfeit the right to claim any credits provided by this Code section for such project. A taxpayer that forfeits the right to claim such credits is liable for all past taxes imposed by this article and all past payments under Code Section
48-7-103
that were foregone by the state as a result of the credits, plus interest at the rate established by Code Section
48-2-40
computed from the date such taxes or payments would have been due if the credits had not been taken. No later than 90 days after notification from the commissioner that any applicable job creation, payroll, or qualified investment property requirement was not met, the taxpayer shall file amended income tax and withholding tax returns for all affected periods that recalculate those liabilities without regard to the forfeited credits and shall pay any additional amounts shown on such returns, with interest as provided by Code Section
48-2-40
. On such amended returns the taxpayer may claim any credit to which it would have been entitled under this article but for having taken the credit provided by this Code section.
(k)
If the recapture period applicable to a qualified project begins with or before the sixth taxable year following the taxpayer's withholding start date, or with or before the eighth taxable year following the taxpayer's withholding start date if the project falls within the $600 million in qualified investment property category, or within the tenth taxable year following the taxpayer's withholding start date if the project falls within the $800 million in qualified investment property category, the taxpayer shall, not later than 60 days after the close of the taxable year immediately preceding the recapture period, file a report with the commissioner concerning the number of eligible full-time employee jobs created by such project; the wages of such jobs; the qualified investment property purchased or acquired by the taxpayer for the project; and any other information that the commissioner may reasonably require in order to verify that the taxpayer met the job creation requirement and either the payroll requirement or the qualified investment property requirement in such preceding year.
(l)
Not more than 60 days after the close of each taxable year within the recapture period, the taxpayer shall file a report, using such form and providing such information as the commissioner may reasonably require, concerning whether it met the job maintenance requirement and, if applicable, the payroll maintenance requirement for such year. For purposes of this subsection, whether such job maintenance requirement has been satisfied shall be determined by comparing the monthly average number of eligible full-time employees subject to Georgia income tax withholding for the taxable year with 1,800. For purposes of this subsection, whether such payroll maintenance requirement has been satisfied shall be determined by comparing the total annual Georgia W-2 reported payroll with respect to a qualified project for the taxable year with $150 million. If the taxpayer has failed to meet the job maintenance requirement or payroll maintenance requirement, or both, for such year, the taxpayer shall forfeit the right to 20 percent of all credits provided by this Code section for such project. A taxpayer that forfeits such right is liable for 20 percent of all past taxes imposed by this article and all past payments under Code Section
48-7-103
that were foregone by the state as a result of the credits provided by this Code section, plus interest at the rate established by Code Section
48-2-40
computed from the date such taxes or payments would have been due if the credits had not been taken. No later than 90 days after notification by the commissioner that the taxpayer has failed to meet the job maintenance requirement or payroll maintenance requirement, or both, for such year, the taxpayer shall file amended income tax and withholding tax returns for all affected periods that recalculate those liabilities without regard to the forfeited credits and shall pay any additional amounts shown on such returns, with interest as provided by Code Section
48-2-40
.
(m)
A taxpayer that fails to meet the job maintenance requirement or payroll maintenance requirement, or both, for any taxable year within the recapture period because of force majeure may petition the commissioner for relief from such requirement. Such a petition must be made with and at the same time as the report required by subsection (l) of this Code section. If the commissioner determines that force majeure materially affected the taxpayer's ability to meet the job maintenance requirement or payroll maintenance requirement, or both, for such year, but that the portion of the year so affected was six months or less, for purposes of the job maintenance requirement the commissioner shall calculate the taxpayer's monthly average number of eligible full-time employees for purposes of subsection (l) of this Code section by disregarding the affected months and for purposes of the payroll maintenance requirement the commissioner shall annualize the total Georgia W-2 reported payroll with respect to a qualified project for the portion of the year not so affected. If the commissioner determines that the affected portion of the year was more than six months, the taxable year shall be disregarded in its entirety for purposes of the job maintenance requirement or payroll maintenance requirement, or both, and the recapture period applicable to the qualified project shall be extended for an additional year.
(n)
Unless more time is allowed therefor by Code Section
48-7-82
or
48-2-49
, the commissioner may make any assessment attributable to the forfeiture of credits claimed under this Code section for the periods covered by any amended returns filed by a taxpayer pursuant to subsection (j) or (l) of this Code section within one year from the date such returns are filed. If the taxpayer fails to file the reports or any amended return required by subsection (j) or (l) of this Code section, the commissioner may assess additional tax or other amounts attributable to the forfeiture of credits claimed under this Code section at any time.
(o)
Projects certified by the panel pursuant to paragraph (2) of subsection (b) of this Code section before January 1, 2009, shall be governed by this Code section as it was in effect for the taxable year the project was certified.
(p)
Any taxpayer whose qualified project is certified on or after June 30, 2021, pursuant to paragraph (2) of subsection (b) of this Code section that subsequently claims the tax credit available under subsection (d) of this Code section in connection with the qualified project shall report annually to a panel composed of the commissioner of community affairs, the commissioner of economic development, and the director of the Office of Planning and Budget, the total number of such taxpayer's full-time employees working at the qualified project and the total amount of qualified investment property made into the qualified project. Such reports shall be due by December 31 of each year. This annual reporting requirement will extend through the end of the recapture period as defined in paragraph (13) of subsection (a) of this Code section.
(q)
Notwithstanding Code Sections
48-2-15
,
48-7-60
, and
48-7-61
, such panel shall compile the annual reports provided pursuant to paragraph (p) of this Code section, and beginning June 30, 2026, and every two years thereafter, shall furnish a compiled report to the chairperson of the House Committee on Ways and Means and the chairperson of the Senate Finance Committee. Such compiled report shall aggregate the annual reports supplied by taxpayers whose qualified projects are subject to the reporting requirement in subsection (p) of this Code section.
(r)
The commissioner shall promulgate any rules and regulations necessary to implement and administer this Code section.
Amended by 2024 Ga. Laws 701,§ 5, eff. 7/1/2024.
Amended by 2023 Ga. Laws 236,§ 2-7, eff. 7/1/2023.
Amended by 2021 Ga. Laws 166,§ 2-3, eff. 7/1/2021.
Amended by 2013 Ga. Laws 33,§ 48, eff. 4/24/2013.
Amended by 2012 Ga. Laws 767,§ 6, eff. 5/3/2012.
Amended by 2012 Ga. Laws 714,§ 1, eff. 5/2/2012.
Amended by 2009 Ga. Laws 172,§ 1, eff. 5/5/2009.
Amended by 2005 Ga. Laws 19,§ 48, eff. 4/7/2005.
Amended by 2004 Ga. Laws 569, § 20, eff. 7/1/2004.
Added by 2003 Ga. Laws 343, § 8, eff. 6/3/2003.
See 2012 Ga. Laws 767, § 7.
See 2012 Ga. Laws 714, § 3.
See 2003 Ga. Laws 343, § 47.