2023 Colorado Revised Statutes › Title 18 - CRIMINAL CODE (§§ 18-1-101 — 18-26-102) › Article 12 - OFFENSES RELATING TO FIREARMS AND WEAPONS (§§ 18-12-101 — 18-12-508) › Part 4 - FIREARMS - DEALERS (§§ 18-12-401 — 18-12-407) › Section 18-12-406 - [Effective 7/1/2025] Requirements for firearms dealers - training - securing firearms - sale outside of business hours prohibited - rules - penalty

(1)
(a)
The department shall develop training or approve training courses provided by other entities for dealers and dealers' employees. The training must be available in an online format and include an examination with at least twenty questions derived from the course material and intended to confirm that a course participant understands the information covered in the course. The department, or other trainer conducting the training, shall give a participant who answers at least seventy percent of the examination questions correctly a printable certificate of completion that is valid for one year after the date of completion. The training must include instruction regarding the following:
(I)
Federal and state laws governing the sale and transfer of firearms and ammunition;
(II)
Recognizing and identifying straw purchasers and fraudulent activity;
(III)
Indicators that a person is attempting to purchase a firearm illegally;
(IV)
Recognizing and identifying indicators that an individual intends to use a firearm for unlawful purposes;
(V)
Recognizing and identifying indicators that an individual intends to use a firearm for self-harm;
(VI)
Preventing theft or burglary of firearms and ammunition;
(VII)
Responding to circumstances described in subsections (1)(a)(I) to (1)(a)(VI) of this section, and any applicable reporting requirements;
(VIII)
Effectively teaching consumers rules of firearm safety, including the safe handling and storage of firearms; and
(IX)
Any other reasonable business practices that the department determines will deter firearm trafficking or the unlawful use of firearms.
(b)
A dealer shall, within thirty days after the date the permit is issued and annually thereafter, complete a training course developed or approved by the department pursuant to this subsection (1).
(c)
(I)
An employee of a dealer who, in the course of the employee's duties, handles firearms; processes the sale, loan, or transfer of firearms; or otherwise has access to firearms shall, within thirty days after the employee's first day of work for the dealer and annually thereafter, complete a training course developed or approved by the department pursuant to this subsection (1). An employee who, in the course of the employee's duties, handles firearms; processes the sale, loan, or transfer of firearms; or otherwise has access to firearms, who is employed by a dealer on the effective date of this section shall complete the employee's first training course no later than thirty days after the effective date of this section.
(II)
A dealer shall maintain the training records of each employee and shall make the records available to the department during an on-site inspection of the dealer's place of business.
(2)
A dealer shall not conduct business or store firearms at the dealer's place of business unless the dealer secures each firearm, except when the firearm is being shown to a customer, repaired, or otherwise worked on, in a manner that prevents unauthorized use of the firearm. Securing a firearm may include keeping the firearm in a locked container, including a locked display case; properly installing a locking device on the firearm; or, if the firearm is a personalized firearm, activating the safety characteristics of the firearm.
(3)
A dealer shall not sell or transfer a firearm:
(a)
Outside of the dealer's posted business hours; except that a dealer may sell or transfer a firearm at a gun show, as defined in section 18-12-506, outside of the dealer's posted business hours; or
(b)
To a person the dealer knows or suspects is under the influence of intoxicating liquor or of a controlled substance, as defined in section 18-18-102 (5).
(4)
If a dealer knows or suspects that an employee of the dealer is involved in the theft of a firearm from the dealer's business, the dealer shall report the theft within forty-eight hours after learning of the theft to a law enforcement agency with jurisdiction over the dealer's place of business.
(5)
The department may promulgate rules necessary to implement this section.
(6)
A violation of any provision of this section by a dealer is a violation of state law concerning the sale of firearms and is subject to the penalties described in section 18-12-401.5 (7).
Added by 2024 Ch. 492,§ 3, eff. 7/1/2025.