2023 Colorado Revised Statutes › Title 18 - CRIMINAL CODE (§§ 18-1-101 — 18-26-102) › Article 3 - OFFENSES AGAINST THE PERSON (§§ 18-3-101 — 18-3-602) › Part 1 - HOMICIDE AND RELATED OFFENSES (§§ 18-3-101 — 18-3-107) › Section 18-3-107 - First degree murder of a peace officer, firefighter, or emergency medical service provider - legislative declaration

(1)
A person who commits murder in the first degree, as defined in section
18-3-102
, and the victim is a peace officer, firefighter, or emergency medical service provider, engaged in the performance of his or her duties, commits the felony crime of first degree murder of a peace officer, firefighter, or emergency medical service provider.
(2)
As used in this section, "peace officer, firefighter, or emergency medical service provider engaged in the performance of his or her duties" means a peace officer, as described in section
16-2.5-101
, a firefighter, as defined in section
18-3-201
(1.5), or an emergency medical service provider, as defined in section
18-3-201
(1.3), who is engaged or acting in, or who is present for the purpose of engaging or acting in, the performance of any duty, service, or function imposed, authorized, required, or permitted by law to be performed by a peace officer, firefighter, or emergency medical service provider, whether or not the peace officer, firefighter, or emergency medical service provider is within the territorial limits of his or her jurisdiction, if the peace officer, firefighter, or emergency medical service provider is in uniform or the person committing an assault upon or offense against or otherwise acting toward the peace officer, firefighter, or emergency medical service provider knows or reasonably should know that the victim is a peace officer, firefighter, or emergency medical service provider.
(3)
A person convicted of first degree murder of a peace officer, firefighter, or emergency medical service provider shall be punished by life imprisonment without the possibility of parole for the rest of his or her natural life, unless the offense was charged prior to July 1, 2020, and a proceeding held to determine sentence according to the procedure set forth in section
18-1.3-1201
,
18-1.3-1302
, or
18-1.4-102
results in a verdict that requires imposition of the death penalty, in which event the person shall be sentenced to death. Nothing in this subsection (3) is construed as limiting the power of the governor to grant reprieves, commutations, and pardons pursuant to section 7 of article IV of the Colorado constitution.
(4)
In the event the death penalty as provided for in this section is held to be unconstitutional by the Colorado supreme court or the United States supreme court, a person convicted of first degree murder of a peace officer, firefighter, or emergency medical service provider under subsection (1) of this section shall be punished by life imprisonment without the possibility of parole. In such circumstance, the court which previously sentenced a person to death shall cause the person to be brought before the court, and the court shall sentence the person to life imprisonment without the possibility of parole.
(5)
The general assembly recognizes that protection of peace officers, firefighters, and emergency medical service providers from crime is a major concern of our state because society depends on peace officers, firefighters, and emergency medical service providers for protection against crime and other dangers and because peace officers, firefighters, and emergency medical service providers are disproportionately damaged by crime because their duty to protect society often places them in dangerous circumstances. Society as a whole benefits from affording special protection to peace officers, firefighters, and emergency medical service providers because the protection deters crimes against them and allows them to better serve and protect our state. The general assembly therefore finds that the penalties for first degree murder of a peace officer, firefighter, or emergency medical service provider should be more severe than the penalty for first degree murder of other members of society.
Amended by 2020 Ch. 61,§ 14, eff. 3/23/2020.
Amended by 2018 Ch. 274,§ 25, eff. 5/29/2018.
Amended by 2014 Ch. 336,§ 3, eff. 8/6/2014.
L. 88: Entire section added, p. 718, § 5, effective July 1. L. 95: (3) amended, p. 1294, § 4, effective July 1. L. 97: Entire section amended, p. 1010, § 13, effective August 6. L. 2002: (3) amended, p. 1512, § 185, effective October 1. L. 2002, 3rd Ex. Sess.: (3) amended, p. 15, §§ 9, 10, effective July 12. L. 2003: (2) amended, p. 1624, § 45, effective August 6. L. 2014: Entire section amended, (HB 14-1214), ch. 1495, p. 1495, § 3, effective August 6. L. 2018: (2) amended, (HB 18-1375), ch. 1702, p. 1702, § 25, effective May 29. L. 2020: (3) amended, (SB 20-100), ch. 212, p. 212, § 14, effective March 23.
For the legislative declaration contained in the 2002 act amending subsection (3), see section 1 of chapter 318, Session Laws of Colorado 2002. For the legislative declaration contained in the 2002 act amending subsection (3), see section 16 of chapter 1 of the supplement to the Session Laws of Colorado 2002, Third Extraordinary Session.