reglab/statecodes huggingface dataset:
2023 California Code › Financial Code - FIN › DIVISION 25 - Debt Collection Licensing Act › CHAPTER 2 - Licensing › ARTICLE 2 - Application for Licensure › Section 100009.

100009. (a) (1) Upon the filing of an application for a license pursuant to Section 100007 and the payment of the fees, if the applicant is a partnership, the commissioner shall investigate all of the following:
(A) The applicant.
(B) The applicant’s managing partners and supervising partners, as defined in the partnership agreement.
(C) Any individual owning or controlling, directly or indirectly, 10 percent or more of the outstanding interests in the applicant.
(D) Any individual responsible for the conduct of the applicant’s debt collection activities or policies in this state.
(2) Upon the filing of an application for a license pursuant to Section 100007 and the payment of the fees, if the applicant is a corporation, trust, limited liability company, or association, including an unincorporated organization, the commissioner shall investigate all of the following:
(A) The applicant.
(B) Any principal officer of the applicant.
(C) The applicant’s board of directors.
(D) Any trustee of the applicant.
(E) Any managing member of the applicant if the applicant is a limited liability company.
(F) Any individual owning or controlling, directly or indirectly, 10 percent or more of the outstanding equity securities in the applicant.
(G) Any individual responsible for the conduct of the applicant’s debt collection activities or policies in this state.
(b) Upon the filing of an application for a license pursuant to Section 100007 and the payment of the fees, the commissioner shall investigate the individual responsible for the debt collection activity of the licensee at the location described in the application. The investigation may be limited to information that was not included in prior applications filed pursuant to this division.
(c) For the purposes of this section, “principal officers” means a president, chief executive officer, chief operating officer, treasurer, and chief financial officer, as may be applicable, and any other officer with direct decisionmaking responsibility for the applicant’s debt collection activities or policies in this state.
(Amended by Stats. 2023, Ch. 198, Sec. 11. (SB 152) Effective September 13, 2023.)
2023 California Code › Financial Code - FIN › DIVISION 25 - Debt Collection Licensing Act › CHAPTER 2 - Licensing › ARTICLE 2 - Application for Licensure › Section 100011.

100011. (a) When the application is complete, including the information from the Department of Justice, and the commissioner determines that the applicant has satisfied the requirements set forth in this division and does not find facts constituting reasons for denial, the commissioner shall issue and deliver a license to the applicant.
(b) If the commissioner determines that the requirements have not been satisfied, after notice and an opportunity for a hearing, the commissioner may deny the application and shall provide a written explanation for the denial.
(Added by Stats. 2020, Ch. 163, Sec. 3. (SB 908) Effective January 1, 2021. Operative January 1, 2022, pursuant to Sec. 100000.5.)
2023 California Code › Financial Code - FIN › DIVISION 25 - Debt Collection Licensing Act › CHAPTER 2 - Licensing › ARTICLE 2 - Application for Licensure › Section 100013.

100013. (a) The commissioner may deem an application for a license abandoned if the applicant fails to respond to any request for information required by the commissioner or department during an investigation of the application.
(b) The commissioner shall notify the applicant, in writing, that if the applicant fails to submit responsive information within 60 days from the date the commissioner sent the written request for information, the commissioner may deem the application abandoned.
(c) An application fee paid prior to the date an application is deemed abandoned shall not be refunded. Abandonment of an application pursuant to this subdivision shall not preclude the applicant from submitting a new application and fee for a license.
(Amended by Stats. 2022, Ch. 569, Sec. 12. (AB 156) Effective September 27, 2022.)
2023 California Code › Financial Code - FIN › DIVISION 25 - Debt Collection Licensing Act › CHAPTER 2 - Licensing › ARTICLE 2 - Application for Licensure › Section 100014.

100014. A license shall remain effective until the license is either suspended or revoked by the commissioner or surrendered by the licensee.
(Added by Stats. 2020, Ch. 163, Sec. 3. (SB 908) Effective January 1, 2021. Operative January 1, 2022, pursuant to Sec. 100000.5.)
2023 California Code › Financial Code - FIN › DIVISION 25 - Debt Collection Licensing Act › CHAPTER 2 - Licensing › ARTICLE 3 - Nationwide Multistate Licensing System and Registry › Section 100015.

100015. (a) The commissioner is authorized to establish relationships or contracts with the Nationwide Multistate Licensing System & Registry or other entities designated by the Nationwide Multistate Licensing System & Registry to collect and maintain records and process transaction fees or other fees related to licensees or other persons subject to this division.
(b) For the purpose of participating in the Nationwide Multistate Licensing System & Registry, the commissioner is authorized to waive or modify, in whole or in part, by rule, regulation, or order, any or all of the requirements of this division and to establish new requirements as reasonably necessary to participate in the Nationwide Multistate Licensing System & Registry.
(c) The commissioner may use the Nationwide Multistate Licensing System & Registry as a channeling agent for requesting information from, and distributing information to, the Department of Justice, any other governmental agency, or any other source, as directed by the commissioner.
(d) The commissioner shall establish a process through which applicants and licensees may challenge information entered into the Nationwide Multistate Licensing System & Registry by the commissioner.
(Added by Stats. 2020, Ch. 163, Sec. 3. (SB 908) Effective January 1, 2021. Operative January 1, 2022, pursuant to Sec. 100000.5.)
2023 California Code › Financial Code - FIN › DIVISION 25 - Debt Collection Licensing Act › CHAPTER 2 - Licensing › ARTICLE 3 - Nationwide Multistate Licensing System and Registry › Section 100016.

100016. (a) Except as otherwise provided in Section 1512 of the SAFE Act (12 U.S.C. Sec. 5111(a)), the requirements under any federal law or the Information Practices Act of 1977 (Chapter 1 (commencing with Section 1798) of Part 4 of Division 3 of the Civil Code) regarding the privacy or confidentiality of any information or material provided to the Nationwide Multistate Licensing System & Registry, and any privilege arising under federal or state law, including the rules of any state court, with respect to that information or material, shall continue to apply to the information or material after the information or material has been disclosed to the Nationwide Multistate Licensing System & Registry. The information and material may be shared with all state and federal regulatory officials with industry oversight authority without the loss of privilege or the loss of confidentiality protections provided by federal law or the Information Practices Act.
(b) Information or material that is subject to a privilege or confidentiality under subdivision (a) shall not be subject to any of the following:
(1) Disclosure under any federal or state law governing the disclosure to the public of information held by an officer or an agency of the federal government or the state.
(2) Subpoena or discovery, or admission into evidence, in any private civil action or administrative process, unless with respect to any privilege held by the Nationwide Multistate Licensing System & Registry with respect to the information or material, the person to whom the information or material pertains waives, in whole or in part, in the discretion of that person, that privilege.
(c) This section shall not apply with respect to the information or material relating to the employment history of, and publicly adjudicated disciplinary and enforcement actions included in, the Nationwide Multistate Licensing System & Registry for access by the public.
(Added by Stats. 2020, Ch. 163, Sec. 3. (SB 908) Effective January 1, 2021. Operative January 1, 2022, pursuant to Sec. 100000.5.)
2023 California Code › Financial Code - FIN › DIVISION 25 - Debt Collection Licensing Act › CHAPTER 2 - Licensing › ARTICLE 3 - Nationwide Multistate Licensing System and Registry › Section 100017.

100017. The commissioner shall report regularly violations of this division, as well as enforcement actions and other relevant information, to the Nationwide Multistate Licensing System & Registry, to the extent that the information is a public record.
(Added by Stats. 2020, Ch. 163, Sec. 3. (SB 908) Effective January 1, 2021. Operative January 1, 2022, pursuant to Sec. 100000.5.)
2023 California Code › Financial Code - FIN › DIVISION 25 - Debt Collection Licensing Act › CHAPTER 3 - Licensee Duties › Section 100018.

100018. (a) A licensee shall notify the commissioner, in writing, of any change in the information provided in the application for a license, as applicable, not later than 30 days after the occurrence of the event that results in the information becoming inaccurate or incomplete.
(b) (1) If a licensee seeks to change its place of business to a street address other than that designated in its license, the licensee shall provide written notice to the commissioner at least 10 days prior to the change.
(2) A licensee shall not engage in the business of debt collection at a new location in a name other than a name approved by the commissioner.
(3) A licensee that opens a new branch office or changes the location of an existing branch office shall notify the commissioner in writing of the new or changed branch office location within 30 days after the branch office begins business.
(Added by Stats. 2020, Ch. 163, Sec. 3. (SB 908) Effective January 1, 2021. Operative January 1, 2022, pursuant to Sec. 100000.5.)
2023 California Code › Financial Code - FIN › DIVISION 25 - Debt Collection Licensing Act › CHAPTER 3 - Licensee Duties › Section 100019.

100019. A licensee shall do all of the following:
(a) Develop policies and procedures reasonably intended to promote compliance with this division.
(b) File with the commissioner any report required by the commissioner.
(c) Comply with the provisions of this division and any regulation or order of the commissioner.
(d) Submit to periodic examination by the commissioner as required by this division and any regulation or order of the commissioner.
(e) Maintain a surety bond in accordance with this section in a minimum amount of twenty-five thousand dollars ($25,000). The bond shall be payable to the commissioner and issued by an insurer authorized to do business in this state. The surety bond, including any and all riders and endorsements executed subsequent to the effective date of the bond, shall be filed with the commissioner within 10 days of execution. The bond shall be used for the recovery of expenses, fines, and fees levied by the commissioner in accordance with this division. The commissioner may require licensees to submit bonds, riders, and endorsements electronically through the Nationwide Multistate Licensing System & Registry’s electronic surety bond function.
(1) When an action is commenced on a licensee’s bond, the commissioner may require the filing of a new bond. Immediately upon recovery of any action on the bond, the licensee shall file a new bond. Failure to file a new bond within 10 days of the recovery on a bond, or within 10 days after notification by the commissioner that a new bond is required, constitutes sufficient grounds for the suspension or revocation of the license. A licensee may provide the commissioner a refundable deposit in the amount of twenty-five thousand dollars ($25,000) in lieu of the bond while the licensee pursues a new bond.
(2) The commissioner may require a higher bond amount for a licensee based on the number of affiliates under the license and the dollar amount of collecting consumer debt by that licensee.
(Added by Stats. 2020, Ch. 163, Sec. 3. (SB 908) Effective January 1, 2021. Operative January 1, 2022, pursuant to Sec. 100000.5.)
2023 California Code › Financial Code - FIN › DIVISION 25 - Debt Collection Licensing Act › CHAPTER 3 - Licensee Duties › Section 100020.

100020. (a) Each licensee shall pay to the commissioner its pro rata share of all costs and expenses reasonably incurred in the administration of this division, as estimated by the commissioner, for the ensuing year and any deficit actually incurred or anticipated in the administration of the division in the year in which the annual fee is levied. The pro rata share shall be based upon the proportion of net proceeds generated by California debtor accounts in the preceding year after the amount levied pursuant to subdivision (c).
(b) On or before September 30 in each year, the commissioner shall notify each licensee of the amount of the annual fee schedule that will take effect on January 1. If payment is not made by January 1, the commissioner shall assess and collect a penalty, in addition to the fee, of 1 percent of the assessment for each month or part of a month that the payment is delayed or withheld.
(c) In the levying and collection of the annual fees, a licensee shall neither be charged for nor be permitted to pay less than two hundred fifty dollars ($250) nor more than an aggregate of all reasonable costs to operate this division, with the exception of fees associated with investigations and examinations.
(d) If a licensee fails to pay the annual fees on or before January 1, the commissioner may by order summarily suspend or revoke the license issued to the licensee. If, after an order is made, a request for hearing is filed in writing within 30 days, and a hearing is not held within 60 days thereafter, the order is deemed rescinded as of its effective date. During any period when the license is revoked or suspended, a licensee shall not engage in the business of collecting debt in this state pursuant to this division except as may be permitted by order of the commissioner. However, the revocation, suspension, or surrender of a license shall not affect the powers of the commissioner as provided in this division.
(e) Notwithstanding subdivisions (a) to (d), inclusive, the commissioner may by rule require licensees to pay annual fees through the Nationwide Multistate Licensing System & Registry.
(Added by Stats. 2020, Ch. 163, Sec. 3. (SB 908) Effective January 1, 2021. Operative January 1, 2022, pursuant to Sec. 100000.5.)
2023 California Code › Financial Code - FIN › DIVISION 25 - Debt Collection Licensing Act › CHAPTER 3 - Licensee Duties › Section 100021.

100021. (a) A licensee shall file an annual report with the commissioner, on or before March 15, that contains all relevant information that the commissioner reasonably requires concerning the business and operations conducted by the licensee in the state during the preceding calendar year, including information regarding collection activity. The report shall, at minimum, require disclosure of all of the following information:
(1) The total number of California debtor accounts purchased or collected on in the preceding year.
(2) The total dollar amount of California debtor accounts purchased in the preceding year.
(3) The face value dollar amount of California debtor accounts in the licensee’s portfolio in the preceding year.
(4) The total dollar amount of California debtor accounts collected in the preceding year, and the total dollar amount of outstanding debt that remains uncollected.
(5) The total dollar amount of net proceeds generated by California debtor accounts in the preceding year.
(6) Whether or not the licensee is acting as a debt collector, debt buyer, or both.
(7) The case number of any action in which the licensee was held liable by final judgment under Title 1.6C (commencing with Section 1788) or Title 1.6C.5 (commencing with Section 1788.50) of Part 4 of Division 3 of the Civil Code.
(b) The individual annual reports filed pursuant to this section shall be made available to the public for inspection.
(c) The report shall be made under oath and in the form prescribed by the commissioner.
(d) A licensee shall make other special reports that may be required by the commissioner.
(Added by Stats. 2020, Ch. 163, Sec. 3. (SB 908) Effective January 1, 2021. Operative January 1, 2022, pursuant to Sec. 100000.5.)
2023 California Code › Financial Code - FIN › DIVISION 25 - Debt Collection Licensing Act › CHAPTER 3 - Licensee Duties › Section 100022.

100022. A licensee that ceases to engage in debt collection shall inform the commissioner in writing and surrender the license and all other indicia of license to the commissioner.
(Added by Stats. 2020, Ch. 163, Sec. 3. (SB 908) Effective January 1, 2021. Operative January 1, 2022, pursuant to Sec. 100000.5.)
2023 California Code › Financial Code - FIN › DIVISION 25 - Debt Collection Licensing Act › CHAPTER 5 - Advisory Committee › Section 100025.

100025. (a) There is within the Department of Financial Protection and Innovation, a Debt Collection Advisory Committee.
(b) The Debt Collection Advisory Committee shall advise the commissioner on matters relating to debt collection or the debt collection business, including proposed fee schedules and the mechanics and feasibility of implementing requirements proposed in regulations.
(c) The Debt Collection Advisory Committee shall consist of seven members; one of whom shall represent consumers.
(1) The members of the Debt Collection Advisory Committee shall be appointed by the commissioner.
(2) The term of a member of the Debt Collection Advisory Committee shall be two years. However, a member may be reappointed.
(3) Membership in the Debt Collection Advisory Committee shall be voluntary. No person shall be required to accept an appointment to the Debt Collection Advisory Committee, and any member may resign at any time by filing a resignation with the commissioner.
(4) No member of the Debt Collection Advisory Committee shall receive any compensation, reimbursement for expenses, or other payment from the state in connection with service on the Debt Collection Advisory Committee.
(d) The Debt Collection Advisory Committee shall meet at least twice each calendar year.
(e) The commissioner may, by order or regulation, prescribe rules governing the Debt Collection Advisory Committee and its members, including, but not limited to, matters relating to meetings, quorum, and actions.
(Amended by Stats. 2022, Ch. 452, Sec. 166. (SB 1498) Effective January 1, 2023.)
2023 California Code › Financial Code - FIN › DIVISION 26 - Firearms Merchant Category Code › Section 110000.

110000. For purposes of this division, the following definitions apply:
(a) “Ammunition” has the same meaning as provided in subdivision (b) of Section 16150 of the Penal Code.
(b) “Firearm” has the same meaning as provided in subdivisions (a) and (b) of Section 16520 of the Penal Code.
(c) “Firearm accessory” means an attachment or device designed or adapted to be inserted into, affixed onto, or used in conjunction with a firearm that is designed, intended, or functions to alter or enhance the firing capabilities of a firearm, the lethality of the firearm, or a shooter’s ability to hold and use a firearm.
(d) “Firearms merchant” means a business licensed in California as a firearms dealer or ammunition vendor for which the highest sales value is, or is expected to be, from the combined sale in California of firearms, firearm accessories, or ammunition, as stated by the business to its merchant acquirer in the ordinary course of business.
(e) “Merchant acquirer” means an entity that establishes a relationship with a merchant for the purposes of processing credit, debit, or prepaid transactions.
(f) “Payment card network” means an entity that provides services that route transactions between bank participants to conduct debit, credit, or prepaid transactions for the purpose of authorization, clearance, or settlement.
(Added by Stats. 2023, Ch. 247, Sec. 1. (AB 1587) Effective January 1, 2024.)
2023 California Code › Financial Code - FIN › DIVISION 26 - Firearms Merchant Category Code › Section 110001.

110001. (a) By July 1, 2024, a payment card network shall make the merchant category code for firearms and ammunition businesses established by the International Organization for Standardization on September 9, 2022, available for merchant acquirers that provide payment services for firearms merchants.
(b) Beginning May 1, 2025, a merchant acquirer shall assign to a firearms merchant the merchant category code for firearms and ammunition businesses established by the International Organization for Standardization on September 9, 2022.
(c) A waiver of a provision of this division is contrary to public policy and is void and unenforceable.
(Added by Stats. 2023, Ch. 247, Sec. 1. (AB 1587) Effective January 1, 2024.)
2023 California Code › Financial Code - FIN › DIVISION 26 - Firearms Merchant Category Code › Section 110002.

110002. (a) The Attorney General has exclusive authority to enforce this division.
(b) Not later than the 30th day before bringing an action under subdivision (e), the Attorney General shall give written notice to the person or entity identifying the specific provisions of this chapter that are or were being violated.
(c) The Attorney General shall not bring an action under subdivision (e) if the person or entity who receives the notice described in subdivision (b) does both of the following:
(1) Cures the identified violation within 30 days of receiving the notice.
(2) Provides the Attorney General a written statement confirming that the person or entity has done all of the following:
(A) Cured the violation.
(B) Provided supporting documentation to show how the violation was cured.
(C) Made changes to internal policies to prevent the recurrence of violations in the future.
(d) A person or entity who violates the division and fails to cure the violation in accordance with subdivision (c) shall be liable as provided in subdivision (e).
(e) (1) The Attorney General may bring a civil action to enforce this division and remedy harm caused by a violation of this division.
(2) If a court determines that a person or entity has violated this division, the court shall award all of the following relief:
(A) A civil penalty in the amount of ten thousand dollars ($10,000) for each violation.
(B) Injunctive relief sufficient to prevent the person or entity from further violations of this division.
(C) Reasonable attorney’s fees and costs incurred in investigating and bringing an action under this division.
(Added by Stats. 2023, Ch. 247, Sec. 1. (AB 1587) Effective January 1, 2024.)
2023 California Code › Fish and Game Code - FGC › DIVISION 0.5 - GENERAL PROVISIONS AND DEFINITIONS › CHAPTER 1 - General Definitions › Section 2.

2. Unless the provisions or the context otherwise requires, the definitions in this chapter govern the construction of this code and all regulations adopted under this code.
(Amended by Stats. 1998, Ch. 1052, Sec. 3. Effective January 1, 1999.)
2023 California Code › Fish and Game Code - FGC › DIVISION 0.5 - GENERAL PROVISIONS AND DEFINITIONS › CHAPTER 1 - General Definitions › Section 3.

3. The provisions of this code, insofar as they are substantially the same as existing statutory provisions relating to the same subject matter, shall be construed as restatements and continuations thereof, and not as new enactments. This code shall not impair any privilege granted or right acquired under any of the laws of this State prior to the date it takes effect.
(Enacted by Stats. 1957, Ch. 456.)
2023 California Code › Fish and Game Code - FGC › DIVISION 0.5 - GENERAL PROVISIONS AND DEFINITIONS › CHAPTER 1 - General Definitions › Section 5.

5. Whenever reference is made to any portion of this code or of any other law of this State, the reference applies to all amendments and additions heretofore or hereafter made.
(Enacted by Stats. 1957, Ch. 456.)
2023 California Code › Fish and Game Code - FGC › DIVISION 0.5 - GENERAL PROVISIONS AND DEFINITIONS › CHAPTER 1 - General Definitions › Section 6.

6. Whenever a power is granted to, or duty is imposed upon, a public officer, the power may be exercised or the duty may be performed by a deputy of the officer or by a person authorized, pursuant to law, by the officer, unless this code expressly provides otherwise.
(Enacted by Stats. 1957, Ch. 456.)
2023 California Code › Fish and Game Code - FGC › DIVISION 0.5 - GENERAL PROVISIONS AND DEFINITIONS › CHAPTER 1 - General Definitions › Section 7.

7. Whenever a statement or report is required to be made, it shall be made in the English language. Nothing in this section shall prohibit the department from providing an unofficial translation of a statement or report in a language other than English.
(Amended by Stats. 2015, Ch. 154, Sec. 1. (AB 1527) Effective January 1, 2016.)
2023 California Code › Fish and Game Code - FGC › DIVISION 0.5 - GENERAL PROVISIONS AND DEFINITIONS › CHAPTER 1 - General Definitions › Section 9.2.

9.2. “Spouse” includes “registered domestic partner,” as required by Section 297.5 of the Family Code.
(Added by Stats. 2016, Ch. 50, Sec. 41. (SB 1005) Effective January 1, 2017.)
2023 California Code › Fish and Game Code - FGC › DIVISION 0.5 - GENERAL PROVISIONS AND DEFINITIONS › CHAPTER 1 - General Definitions › Section 11.

11. Whenever in this code the doing of an act between certain dates or from one date to another is allowed or prohibited, the period of time thereby indicated includes both dates specified. The first date specified designates the first day of the period, and the second day specified designates the last day of the period. No period of time specified in this code exceeds one year unless otherwise expressly provided.
(Enacted by Stats. 1957, Ch. 456.)
2023 California Code › Fish and Game Code - FGC › DIVISION 0.5 - GENERAL PROVISIONS AND DEFINITIONS › CHAPTER 1 - General Definitions › Section 13.

13. Unless otherwise specified by statute, any notice or other written communication required to be sent to any person by this code or regulations adopted pursuant thereto, is sufficient notice if sent by first-class mail to the last address furnished to the department by that person.
(Amended by Stats. 1994, Ch. 935, Sec. 1. Effective January 1, 1995.)
2023 California Code › Fish and Game Code - FGC › DIVISION 0.5 - GENERAL PROVISIONS AND DEFINITIONS › CHAPTER 1 - General Definitions › Section 13.5.

13.5. “Adaptive management,” unless otherwise specified in this code, means management that improves the management of biological resources over time by using new information gathered through monitoring, evaluation, and other credible sources as they become available, and adjusts management strategies and practices to assist in meeting conservation and management goals. Under adaptive management, program actions are viewed as tools for learning to inform future actions.
(Added by Stats. 2012, Ch. 559, Sec. 3. (AB 2402) Effective January 1, 2013.)
2023 California Code › Fish and Game Code - FGC › DIVISION 0.5 - GENERAL PROVISIONS AND DEFINITIONS › CHAPTER 1 - General Definitions › Section 15.

15. “Angling” means the taking of, or attempting to take, fish by hook and line with the line held in the hand, or by hook and line with the line attached to a pole or rod which is closely attended or held in the hand in such a manner that the fish voluntarily takes the bait or lure in its mouth.
(Amended by Stats. 1989, Ch. 318, Sec. 1.)
2023 California Code › Fish and Game Code - FGC › DIVISION 0.5 - GENERAL PROVISIONS AND DEFINITIONS › CHAPTER 1 - General Definitions › Section 17.

17. “Aquaculture” means that form of agriculture devoted to the propagation, cultivation, maintenance, and harvesting of aquatic plants and animals in marine, brackish, and fresh water. “Aquaculture” does not include species of ornamental marine or freshwater plants and animals not utilized for human consumption or bait purposes that are maintained in closed systems for personal, pet industry, or hobby purposes, however, these species continue to be regulated under Chapter 2 (commencing with Section 2116) of Division 3.
(Amended by Stats. 1983, Ch. 131, Sec. 1. Effective June 27, 1983.)
2023 California Code › Fish and Game Code - FGC › DIVISION 0.5 - GENERAL PROVISIONS AND DEFINITIONS › CHAPTER 1 - General Definitions › Section 18.

18. “Bag limit” means the maximum limit, in number or amount, of birds, mammals, fish, reptiles, or amphibians that may lawfully be taken by any one person during a specified period of time.
(Amended by Stats. 2007, Ch. 285, Sec. 1. Effective January 1, 2008.)
2023 California Code › Fish and Game Code - FGC › DIVISION 0.5 - GENERAL PROVISIONS AND DEFINITIONS › CHAPTER 1 - General Definitions › Section 19.

19. “Possession limit” means the maximum, in number or amount, of birds, mammals, fish, reptiles, or amphibians that may be lawfully possessed by one person.
(Added by Stats. 2007, Ch. 285, Sec. 2. Effective January 1, 2008.)
2023 California Code › Fish and Game Code - FGC › DIVISION 0.5 - GENERAL PROVISIONS AND DEFINITIONS › CHAPTER 1 - General Definitions › Section 27.

27. “Chumming” means the placing in the water of fish, or other material upon which fish feed, for the purpose of attracting fish to a particular area in order that they may be taken.
(Amended by Stats. 2015, Ch. 154, Sec. 3. (AB 1527) Effective January 1, 2016.)
2023 California Code › Fish and Game Code - FGC › DIVISION 0.5 - GENERAL PROVISIONS AND DEFINITIONS › CHAPTER 1 - General Definitions › Section 29.

29. “Closed season” means that period of time during which the taking of birds, mammals, fish, amphibians, or reptiles is prohibited.
(Amended by Stats. 2015, Ch. 154, Sec. 4. (AB 1527) Effective January 1, 2016.)
2023 California Code › Fish and Game Code - FGC › DIVISION 0.5 - GENERAL PROVISIONS AND DEFINITIONS › CHAPTER 1 - General Definitions › Section 33.

33. “Credible science” means the best available scientific information that is not overly prescriptive due to the dynamic nature of science, and includes the evaluation principles of relevance, inclusiveness, objectivity, transparency, timeliness, verification, validation, and peer review of information as appropriate. Credible science also recognizes the need for adaptive management, as defined in Section 13.5, as scientific knowledge evolves.
(Added by Stats. 2012, Ch. 559, Sec. 4. (AB 2402) Effective January 1, 2013.)
2023 California Code › Fish and Game Code - FGC › DIVISION 0.5 - GENERAL PROVISIONS AND DEFINITIONS › CHAPTER 1 - General Definitions › Section 43.

43. “Ecosystem-based management” means an environmental management approach relying on credible science, as defined in Section 33, that recognizes the full array of interactions within an ecosystem, including humans, rather than considering single issues, species, or ecosystem services in isolation.
(Added by Stats. 2012, Ch. 559, Sec. 7. (AB 2402) Effective January 1, 2013.)
2023 California Code › Fish and Game Code - FGC › DIVISION 0.5 - GENERAL PROVISIONS AND DEFINITIONS › CHAPTER 1 - General Definitions › Section 45.

45. “Fish” means a wild fish, mollusk, crustacean, invertebrate, amphibian, or part, spawn, or ovum of any of those animals.
(Amended by Stats. 2015, Ch. 154, Sec. 5. (AB 1527) Effective January 1, 2016.)
2023 California Code › Fish and Game Code - FGC › DIVISION 0.5 - GENERAL PROVISIONS AND DEFINITIONS › CHAPTER 1 - General Definitions › Section 46.

46. “Guide boat” means a boat or vessel under 25 feet in length, which is used by a guide, who is licensed under Chapter 5 (commencing with Section 2535) of Division 3, in inland waters for any of the following purposes:
(1) For the business of packing or guiding.
(2) For compensation, to assist another person in taking or attempting to take any fish or amphibian.
(3) For compensation, to assist another person in locating any bird or mammal.
(Added by Stats. 1987, Ch. 200, Sec. 1. Effective July 23, 1987.)
2023 California Code › Fish and Game Code - FGC › DIVISION 0.5 - GENERAL PROVISIONS AND DEFINITIONS › CHAPTER 1 - General Definitions › Section 48.

48. “Hook” or “fishhook” means an implement to catch or hold fish or amphibia. “Single hook” means any hook with one point and with or without a barb; “double hook” means any hook with two points and with or without barbs; “treble or triple hook” means any hook with three points and with or without barbs. “Snag” or “gaff” hooks are hooks with or without handles used to take fish in such manner that the fish does not take the hook voluntarily in its mouth.
(Enacted by Stats. 1957, Ch. 456.)
2023 California Code › Fish and Game Code - FGC › DIVISION 0.5 - GENERAL PROVISIONS AND DEFINITIONS › CHAPTER 1 - General Definitions › Section 54.

54. “Mammal” means a wild or feral mammal or part of a wild or feral animal, but not a wild, feral, or undomesticated burro.
(Amended by Stats. 2015, Ch. 154, Sec. 6. (AB 1527) Effective January 1, 2016.)
2023 California Code › Fish and Game Code - FGC › DIVISION 0.5 - GENERAL PROVISIONS AND DEFINITIONS › CHAPTER 1 - General Definitions › Section 54.5.

54.5. “Marine finfish aquaculture” means the propagation, cultivation, or maintenance of finfish species in the waters of the Pacific Ocean that are regulated by this state.
(Added by Stats. 2006, Ch. 36, Sec. 2. Effective January 1, 2007.)
2023 California Code › Fish and Game Code - FGC › DIVISION 0.5 - GENERAL PROVISIONS AND DEFINITIONS › CHAPTER 1 - General Definitions › Section 55.

55. “Mile” means either a statute mile (5,280 feet) or a nautical mile (6,077 feet) depending on the application. Statute miles shall be the unit of measurement for all land masses, rivers, streams, creeks, and inland bodies of water. Nautical miles shall be the unit of measurement for all marine waters.
(Added by Stats. 1992, Ch. 1370, Sec. 1. Effective October 27, 1992.)
2023 California Code › Fish and Game Code - FGC › DIVISION 0.5 - GENERAL PROVISIONS AND DEFINITIONS › CHAPTER 1 - General Definitions › Section 56.

56. “Net” means any gear made of any kind of twine, thread, string, rope, wire, wood, or other materials used for the gilling, entangling, trapping, or impounding of fish.
(Enacted by Stats. 1957, Ch. 456.)
2023 California Code › Fish and Game Code - FGC › DIVISION 0.5 - GENERAL PROVISIONS AND DEFINITIONS › CHAPTER 1 - General Definitions › Section 57.

57. “Nonresident” means a person who is not a resident as defined in Section 70.
(Amended by Stats. 2015, Ch. 154, Sec. 7. (AB 1527) Effective January 1, 2016.)
2023 California Code › Fish and Game Code - FGC › DIVISION 0.5 - GENERAL PROVISIONS AND DEFINITIONS › CHAPTER 1 - General Definitions › Section 61.

61. “Ocean ranching” means aquaculture where juvenile anadromous fish are reared and released into state waters to grow and return to an aquaculture facility to be harvested commercially.
(Added by Stats. 1982, Ch. 1486, Sec. 3.)
2023 California Code › Fish and Game Code - FGC › DIVISION 0.5 - GENERAL PROVISIONS AND DEFINITIONS › CHAPTER 1 - General Definitions › Section 62.

62. “Open season” means that period of time during which the taking of birds, mammals, fish, reptiles, or amphibians is allowed as prescribed in this code and regulations adopted by the commission. If used to define the period of time during which take is allowed “season” means “open season.”
(Amended by Stats. 2007, Ch. 285, Sec. 3. Effective January 1, 2008.)
2023 California Code › Fish and Game Code - FGC › DIVISION 0.5 - GENERAL PROVISIONS AND DEFINITIONS › CHAPTER 1 - General Definitions › Section 67.

67. “Person” means any natural person or any partnership, corporation, limited liability company, trust, or other type of association.
(Amended by Stats. 1994, Ch. 1010, Sec. 121. Effective January 1, 1995.)
2023 California Code › Fish and Game Code - FGC › DIVISION 0.5 - GENERAL PROVISIONS AND DEFINITIONS › CHAPTER 1 - General Definitions › Section 70.

70. “Resident” means any person who has resided continuously in the State of California for six months or more immediately prior to the date of application for a license or permit, any person on active military duty with the Armed Forces of the United States or auxiliary branch thereof, or any person enrolled in the Job Corps established pursuant to former Section 2883 of Title 29 of the United States Code.
(Amended by Stats. 2023, Ch. 132, Sec. 1. (AB 1760) Effective January 1, 2024.)
2023 California Code › Fish and Game Code - FGC › DIVISION 0.5 - GENERAL PROVISIONS AND DEFINITIONS › CHAPTER 1 - General Definitions › Section 73.

73. “Section” means a section of this code unless some other statute is specifically mentioned. “Subdivision” means a subdivision of the section in which that term occurs unless some other section is expressly mentioned.
(Enacted by Stats. 1957, Ch. 456.)
2023 California Code › Fish and Game Code - FGC › DIVISION 0.5 - GENERAL PROVISIONS AND DEFINITIONS › CHAPTER 1 - General Definitions › Section 80.

80. Unless the provision or context otherwise requires, a provision of this code that applies to a whole animal also applies to a part of the animal.
(Added by Stats. 2015, Ch. 154, Sec. 8. (AB 1527) Effective January 1, 2016.)
2023 California Code › Fish and Game Code - FGC › DIVISION 0.5 - GENERAL PROVISIONS AND DEFINITIONS › CHAPTER 1 - General Definitions › Section 81.

81. “Signature” or “subscription” includes mark when the signer or subscriber cannot write, such signer’s or subscriber’s name being written near the mark by a witness who writes his own name near the signer’s or subscriber’s name; but a signature or subscription by mark can be acknowledged or can serve as a signature or subscription to a sworn statement only when two witnesses also sign their own names.
(Enacted by Stats. 1957, Ch. 456.)
2023 California Code › Fish and Game Code - FGC › DIVISION 0.5 - GENERAL PROVISIONS AND DEFINITIONS › CHAPTER 1 - General Definitions › Section 82.

82. “Slurp gun” means a self-contained, hand-held device used to capture fish by rapidly drawing water containing fish into a closed chamber.
(Added by Stats. 1992, Ch. 742, Sec. 1. Effective January 1, 1993.)
2023 California Code › Fish and Game Code - FGC › DIVISION 0.5 - GENERAL PROVISIONS AND DEFINITIONS › CHAPTER 1 - General Definitions › Section 89.

89. For the purposes of this code, “recycled water” or “reclaimed water” has the same meaning as recycled water as defined in subdivision (n) of Section 13050 of the Water Code.
(Added by Stats. 1995, Ch. 28, Sec. 1. Effective January 1, 1996.)
2023 California Code › Fish and Game Code - FGC › DIVISION 0.5 - GENERAL PROVISIONS AND DEFINITIONS › CHAPTER 1 - General Definitions › Section 89.1.

89.1. “Waters of the state,” “waters of this state,” and “state waters” have the same meaning as “waters of the state” as defined in subdivision (e) of Section 13050 of the Water Code.
(Added by Stats. 2007, Ch. 285, Sec. 4. Effective January 1, 2008.)
2023 California Code › Fish and Game Code - FGC › DIVISION 0.5 - GENERAL PROVISIONS AND DEFINITIONS › CHAPTER 1 - General Definitions › Section 89.5.

89.5. “Wildlife” means and includes all wild animals, birds, plants, fish, amphibians, reptiles, and related ecological communities, including the habitat upon which the wildlife depends for its continued viability.
(Added by Stats. 2015, Ch. 154, Sec. 9. (AB 1527) Effective January 1, 2016.)
2023 California Code › Fish and Game Code - FGC › DIVISION 0.5 - GENERAL PROVISIONS AND DEFINITIONS › CHAPTER 2 - Marine Life Definitions › Section 90.

90. The definitions in this chapter govern the construction of Section 1022, Chapter 7 (commencing with Section 1700) of Division 2, and Division 6 (commencing with Section 5500), and all regulations adopted pursuant to those provisions.
(Amended by Stats. 2018, Ch. 477, Sec. 3. (AB 1573) Effective January 1, 2019.)
2023 California Code › Fish and Game Code - FGC › DIVISION 0.5 - GENERAL PROVISIONS AND DEFINITIONS › CHAPTER 2 - Marine Life Definitions › Section 90.1.

90.1. “Adaptive management,” in regard to a marine fishery, means a scientific policy that seeks to improve management of biological resources, particularly in areas of scientific uncertainty, by viewing program actions as tools for learning. Actions shall be designed so that even if they fail, they will provide useful information for future actions. Monitoring and evaluation shall be emphasized so that the interaction of different elements within the system can be better understood.
(Added by Stats. 1998, Ch. 1052, Sec. 4. Effective January 1, 1999.)
2023 California Code › Fish and Game Code - FGC › DIVISION 0.5 - GENERAL PROVISIONS AND DEFINITIONS › CHAPTER 2 - Marine Life Definitions › Section 90.5.

90.5. “Bycatch” means fish or other marine life that are taken in a fishery but which are not the target of the fishery. “Bycatch” includes discards.
(Added by Stats. 1998, Ch. 1052, Sec. 4. Effective January 1, 1999.)
2023 California Code › Fish and Game Code - FGC › DIVISION 0.5 - GENERAL PROVISIONS AND DEFINITIONS › CHAPTER 2 - Marine Life Definitions › Section 90.7.

90.7. “Depressed,” with regard to a marine fishery, means the condition of a fishery for which the best available scientific information, and other relevant information that the commission or department possesses or receives, indicates a declining population trend has occurred over a period of time appropriate to that fishery. With regard to fisheries for which management is based on maximum sustainable yield, or in which a natural mortality rate is available, “depressed” means the condition of a fishery that exhibits declining fish population abundance levels below those consistent with maximum sustainable yield.
(Added by Stats. 1998, Ch. 1052, Sec. 4. Effective January 1, 1999.)
2023 California Code › Fish and Game Code - FGC › DIVISION 0.5 - GENERAL PROVISIONS AND DEFINITIONS › CHAPTER 2 - Marine Life Definitions › Section 91.

91. “Discards” means fish that are taken in a fishery but are not retained because they are of an undesirable species, size, sex, or quality, or because they are required by law not to be retained.
(Added by Stats. 1998, Ch. 1052, Sec. 4. Effective January 1, 1999.)
2023 California Code › Fish and Game Code - FGC › DIVISION 0.5 - GENERAL PROVISIONS AND DEFINITIONS › CHAPTER 2 - Marine Life Definitions › Section 93.

93. “Essential fishery information,” with regard to a marine fishery, means information about fish life history and habitat requirements; the status and trends of fish populations, fishing effort, and catch levels; fishery effects on fish age structure and on other marine living resources and users, and any other information related to the biology of a fish species or to taking in the fishery that is necessary to permit fisheries to be managed according to the requirements of this code.
(Added by Stats. 1998, Ch. 1052, Sec. 4. Effective January 1, 1999.)
2023 California Code › Fish and Game Code - FGC › DIVISION 0.5 - GENERAL PROVISIONS AND DEFINITIONS › CHAPTER 2 - Marine Life Definitions › Section 94.

94. “Fishery” means both of the following:
(a) One or more populations of marine fish or marine plants that may be treated as a unit for purposes of conservation and management and that are identified on the basis of geographical, scientific, technical, recreational, and economic characteristics.
(b) Fishing for, harvesting, or catching the populations described in (a).
(Amended by Stats. 2002, Ch. 559, Sec. 1. Effective January 1, 2003.)
2023 California Code › Fish and Game Code - FGC › DIVISION 0.5 - GENERAL PROVISIONS AND DEFINITIONS › CHAPTER 2 - Marine Life Definitions › Section 96.

96. “Marine living resources” includes all wild mammals, birds, reptiles, fish, and plants that normally occur in or are associated with salt water, and the marine habitats upon which these animals and plants depend for their continued viability.
(Added by Stats. 1998, Ch. 1052, Sec. 4. Effective January 1, 1999.)
2023 California Code › Fish and Game Code - FGC › DIVISION 0.5 - GENERAL PROVISIONS AND DEFINITIONS › CHAPTER 2 - Marine Life Definitions › Section 96.5.

96.5. “Maximum sustainable yield” in a marine fishery means the highest average yield over time that does not result in a continuing reduction in stock abundance, taking into account fluctuations in abundance and environmental variability.
(Added by Stats. 1998, Ch. 1052, Sec. 4. Effective January 1, 1999.)
2023 California Code › Fish and Game Code - FGC › DIVISION 0.5 - GENERAL PROVISIONS AND DEFINITIONS › CHAPTER 2 - Marine Life Definitions › Section 97.

97. “Optimum yield,” with regard to a marine fishery, means the amount of fish taken in a fishery that does all of the following:
(a) Provides the greatest overall benefit to the people of California, particularly with respect to food production and recreational opportunities, and takes into account the protection of marine ecosystems.
(b) Is the maximum sustainable yield of the fishery, as reduced by relevant economic, social, or ecological factors.
(c) In the case of an overfished fishery, provides for rebuilding to a level consistent with producing maximum sustainable yield in the fishery.
(Added by Stats. 1998, Ch. 1052, Sec. 4. Effective January 1, 1999.)
2023 California Code › Fish and Game Code - FGC › DIVISION 0.5 - GENERAL PROVISIONS AND DEFINITIONS › CHAPTER 2 - Marine Life Definitions › Section 97.5.

97.5. “Overfished,” with regard to a marine fishery, means both of the following:
(a) A depressed fishery.
(b) A reduction of take in the fishery is the principal means for rebuilding the population.
(Added by Stats. 1998, Ch. 1052, Sec. 4. Effective January 1, 1999.)
2023 California Code › Fish and Game Code - FGC › DIVISION 0.5 - GENERAL PROVISIONS AND DEFINITIONS › CHAPTER 2 - Marine Life Definitions › Section 98.

98. “Overfishing” means a rate or level of taking that the best available scientific information, and other relevant information that the commission or department possesses or receives, indicates is not sustainable or that jeopardizes the capacity of a marine fishery to produce the maximum sustainable yield on a continuing basis.
(Added by Stats. 1998, Ch. 1052, Sec. 4. Effective January 1, 1999.)
2023 California Code › Fish and Game Code - FGC › DIVISION 0.5 - GENERAL PROVISIONS AND DEFINITIONS › CHAPTER 2 - Marine Life Definitions › Section 98.2.

98.2. “Participants” in regard to a fishery means the sportfishing, commercial fishing, and fish receiving and processing sectors of the fishery.
(Added by Stats. 1998, Ch. 1052, Sec. 4. Effective January 1, 1999.)
2023 California Code › Fish and Game Code - FGC › DIVISION 0.5 - GENERAL PROVISIONS AND DEFINITIONS › CHAPTER 2 - Marine Life Definitions › Section 98.5.

98.5. “Population” or “stock” means a species, subspecies, geographical grouping, or other category of fish capable of management as a unit.
(Added by Stats. 1998, Ch. 1052, Sec. 4. Effective January 1, 1999.)
2023 California Code › Fish and Game Code - FGC › DIVISION 0.5 - GENERAL PROVISIONS AND DEFINITIONS › CHAPTER 2 - Marine Life Definitions › Section 99.

99. “Restricted access,” with regard to a marine fishery, means a fishery in which the number of persons who may participate, or the number of vessels that may be used in taking a specified species of fish, or the catch allocated to each fishery participant, is limited by statute or regulation.
(Amended by Stats. 1999, Ch. 483, Sec. 1. Effective January 1, 2000.)
2023 California Code › Fish and Game Code - FGC › DIVISION 0.5 - GENERAL PROVISIONS AND DEFINITIONS › CHAPTER 2 - Marine Life Definitions › Section 99.5.

99.5. “Sustainable,” “sustainable use,” and “sustainability,” with regard to a marine fishery, mean both of the following:
(a) Continuous replacement of resources, taking into account fluctuations in abundance and environmental variability.
(b) Securing the fullest possible range of present and long-term economic, social, and ecological benefits, maintaining biological diversity, and, in the case of fishery management based on maximum sustainable yield, taking in a fishery that does not exceed optimum yield.
(Added by Stats. 1998, Ch. 1052, Sec. 4. Effective January 1, 1999.)