Arkansas Code of 1987 (2023) › Title 27 - TRANSPORTATION (§§ 27-1-101 — 27-117-105) › Subtitle 4 - MOTOR VEHICULAR TRAFFIC (§§ 27-49-101 — 27-54-101) › Chapter 49 - GENERAL PROVISIONS (§§ 27-49-101 — 27-49-219) › Subchapter 1 - TITLE, APPLICABILITY, AND CONSTRUCTION GENERALLY (§§ 27-49-101 — 27-49-114) › Section 27-49-114 - Definitions

As used in this subtitle:
(1)
"Business district" means the territory contiguous to and including a highway when fifty percent (50%) or more of the frontage along the highway for a distance of three hundred feet (300') or more is occupied by buildings in use for business;
(2)
"Crosswalk" means:
(A)
That portion of a roadway ordinarily included within the prolongation or connection of the lateral lines of sidewalks at intersections; and
(B)
Any portion of a roadway distinctly indicated for pedestrian crossing by lines or other markings on the surface;
(3)
"Driver" means a person who drives or is in actual physical control of a vehicle;
(4)
"Explosives" means a chemical compound or mechanical mixture that is commonly used or intended for the purpose of producing an explosion and that contains any oxidizing and combustive units or other ingredients in proportions, quantities, or packing that an ignition by fire, by friction, by concussion, by percussion, or by detonator of any part of the compound or mixture may cause such a sudden generation of highly heated gases that the resultant gaseous pressures are capable of producing destructive effects on contiguous objects or of destroying life or limb;
(5)
"Flammable liquid" means a liquid which has a flash point of seventy degrees Fahrenheit (70° F) or less as determined by a Tagliabue closed-cup test device or its equivalent;
(6)
"Intersection" means the area embraced within the prolongation or connection of the lateral curb lines, or if none, then the lateral boundary lines of the roadways of two (2) highways that join one another at, or approximately at, right angles, or the area within which vehicles traveling upon different highways joining at any other angle may come in conflict;
(7)
"Local authorities" means a county, municipal, or other local board or body having authority to adopt local police regulations under the Arkansas Constitution and the laws of this state;
(8)
"Motor vehicle" means a vehicle that is self-propelled or that is propelled by electric power drawn from overhead trolley wires but not operated upon stationary rails or tracks;
(9)
(A)
"Motorcycle" means a motor vehicle having a seat or saddle for the use of the rider and designed to travel on not more than three (3) wheels in contact with the ground.
(B)
"Motorcycle" includes an autocycle as defined in §
27-20-303
.
(C)
"Motorcycle" does not include a tractor;
(10)
"Official traffic control devices" means all signs, signals, markings, and devices not inconsistent with this subtitle placed or erected by authority of a public body or official having jurisdiction for the purpose of regulating, warning, or guiding traffic;
(11)
"Official traffic control signal" means any device, whether manually, electrically, or mechanically operated, by which traffic is alternately directed to stop and to proceed;
(12)
(A)
"Owner" means a person who holds the legal title of a vehicle.
(B)
In the event a vehicle is the subject of an agreement for the conditional sale or lease thereof with the right of purchase upon performance of the conditions stated in the agreement and with an immediate right of possession vested in the conditional vendee or lessee, or in the event a mortgagor of a vehicle is entitled to possession, then the conditional vendee or lessee or mortgagor shall be deemed the owner for the purpose of this subchapter;
(13)
"Pedestrian" means a person afoot;
(14)
"Person" means a natural person, firm, copartnership, association, or corporation;
(15)
"Pneumatic tire" means a tire in which compressed air is designed to support the load;
(16)
"Police officer" means an officer authorized to direct or regulate traffic or to make arrests for violations of traffic regulations or rules;
(17)
"Private road or driveway" means a way or place in private ownership and used for vehicular travel by the owner and by those having express or implied permission from the owner;
(18)
"Railroad" means a carrier of persons or property upon cars, other than streetcars, operated upon stationary rails;
(19)
"Railroad sign or signal" means a sign, signal, or device erected by authority of a public body or official or by a railroad and intended to give notice of the presence of railroad tracks or the approach of a railroad train;
(20)
"Railroad train" means a steam engine, electric, or other motor, with or without cars coupled thereto, operated upon rails, except streetcars;
(21)
"Residence district" means the territory contiguous to and including a highway not comprising a business district when the property on the highway for a distance of three hundred feet (300') or more is substantially improved with residences or residences and buildings in use for business;
(22)
"Right-of-way" means the privilege of the immediate use of the highway;
(23)
"Roadway" means that portion of a highway improved, designed, or ordinarily used for vehicular travel;
(24)
"Safety zone" means the area or space officially set apart within a roadway for the exclusive use of pedestrians and which is protected or is so marked or indicated by adequate signs as to be plainly visible at all times while set apart as a safety zone;
(25)
(A)
"School bus" means a motor vehicle designed to carry more than ten (10) passengers that is:
(i)
Owned by a public or a governmental agency or a private school and operated for the transportation of students to or from school or school-sponsored activities; or
(ii)
Privately owned and operated for compensation for the transportation of students to or from school or school-sponsored activities.
(B)
"School bus" does not mean a motor vehicle designed to carry more than twenty-five (25) passengers if the motor vehicle is:
(i)
Owned by a public or a governmental agency or a private school and operated for the transportation of students to or from school-sponsored activities but not used to transport students on any scheduled school bus route; or
(ii)
Privately owned and operated for compensation under contract to a school district and used for the transportation of students to or from school-sponsored activities;
(26)
"Semitrailer" means a vehicle with or without motive power, other than a pole trailer, designed for carrying persons or property and for being drawn by a motor vehicle and so constructed that some part of its weight and that of its load rests upon or is carried by another vehicle;
(27)
"Sidewalk" means that portion of a street between the curb lines, or the lateral lines of a roadway, and the adjacent property lines intended for the use of pedestrians;
(28)
"Street" or "highway" means the entire width between boundary lines of a roadway publicly maintained when any part of the roadway is open to the use of the public for purposes of vehicular travel;
(29)
"Streetcar" means a car other than a railroad train for transporting persons or property and operated upon rails principally within a municipality;
(30)
"Through highway" means a highway or portion thereof at the entrances to which vehicular traffic from intersecting highways is required by law to stop before entering or crossing and when stop signs are erected as provided in this subtitle;
(31)
"Traffic" means pedestrians, ridden or herded animals, vehicles, streetcars, and other conveyances, either singly or together, while using any highway for purposes of travel;
(32)
"Trailer" means a vehicle with or without motive power, other than a pole trailer, designed for carrying persons or property and for being drawn by a motor vehicle and so constructed that no part of its weight rests upon the towing vehicle; and
(33)
"Vehicle" means a device in, upon, or by which any person or property is or may be transported or drawn upon a highway, except devices moved by human power or used exclusively upon stationary rails or tracks.
Amended by Act 2019, No. 315,§ 3145, eff. 7/24/2019.
Added by Act 2017, No. 448,§ 37, eff. 8/1/2017.