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2023 Alaska Statutes › Title 28. Motor Vehicles › Chapter 35. Offenses and Accidents › Article 3. Miscellaneous Offenses. › Sec. 28.35.235. Unauthorized use of parking reserved for persons with disabilities; penalties.

(a) A person may not park a motor vehicle in a parking place reserved for a person with a disability unless
(1) the person operating the vehicle has a special permit issued by the department under AS 28.10.495;
(2) the person operating the vehicle has parked the vehicle for the purpose of transporting a person who has a special permit issued by the department under AS 28.10.495 and the person who has the special permit actually exits or enters the vehicle;
(3) the motor vehicle displays a special license plate issued to a person with a disability under AS 28.10.181(d) and is operated by or used for the purpose of transporting a person with a disability; or
(4) the motor vehicle displays a special license plate or permit issued to persons with disabilities by another state, province, territory, or country and is being operated by or used for the purpose of transporting a person with a disability.
(b) A municipality may enact ordinances necessary to enforce this section.
(c) A person who violates this section is guilty of an infraction. Upon conviction, the court shall impose a fine of not less than $125, or, if the person has been previously convicted under this section, the court shall impose a fine of not less than $250. However, a person who violates this section and who was, at the time of the violation, operating a vehicle displaying a special license plate issued under AS 28.10.181(d) or a special permit issued under AS 28.10.495(a) shall, upon conviction, pay a fine of $250 or, if the person has been previously convicted under this section, pay a fine of $500.
2023 Alaska Statutes › Title 28. Motor Vehicles › Chapter 35. Offenses and Accidents › Article 3. Miscellaneous Offenses. › Sec. 28.35.245. Motorcycle helmet.

(a) A motorcycle helmet may not be manufactured or sold in the state unless the helmet conforms to standards established by regulation by the commissioner of public safety. The regulations must provide for helmets that allow normal peripheral vision and hearing and minimize neck injuries to the wearer potentially caused by the helmet. The regulations shall be adopted under the provisions of AS 44.62 (Administrative Procedure Act).
(b) A person who is 18 years of age or older may not be required to wear a helmet while operating a motorcycle if the person is the holder of a license or endorsement to operate a motorcycle.
2023 Alaska Statutes › Title 28. Motor Vehicles › Chapter 35. Offenses and Accidents › Article 3. Miscellaneous Offenses. › Sec. 28.35.251. Failure to contain or confine a load.

(a) A person commits the crime of failure to contain or confine a load in the first degree if the person, with criminal negligence, violates (c) of this section and, as a result of that violation, causes serious physical injury to another person.
(b) A person commits the crime of failure to contain or confine a load in the second degree if the person, with criminal negligence, violates (c) of this section and damages the property of another person in an amount of $5,000 or more.
(c) A person commits the offense of failure to contain or confine a load in the third degree if the person drives or moves a motor vehicle loaded with any material on a highway unless
(1) the load is
(A) contained or confined to prevent the load from
(i) dropping, leaking, or escaping; or
(ii) shifting on or within the vehicle to the extent that the motor vehicle's stability or maneuverability is adversely affected; and
(B) subjected to treatment by methods, approved by the commissioner of public safety by regulation, designed to settle the load or remove loose material before the vehicle is driven or moved on the highway; and
(2) at least six inches of freeboard is maintained around the entire perimeter of a load consisting of sand, gravel, dirt, rock, or similar materials or the load is covered and securely fastened to prevent the cover from becoming loose or detached or from being a hazard to other users of the highway.
(d) This section does not apply to
(1) a vehicle that drops, sprinkles, or sprays sand, liquids, or other materials for the purpose of cleaning or maintaining the highway or providing or improving traction;
(2) a commercial motor vehicle that is subject to the federal motor carrier cargo securement standards implemented through state or federal law;
(3) the natural accumulation of snow, ice, mud, dirt, or similar materials on a motor vehicle;
(4) a vehicle that is removing snow or hauling snow after removal; or
(5) random litter; in this paragraph, “litter” includes plastic wrappers, empty plastic bags, leaves, paper, or similar soft materials.
(e) Failure to contain or confine a load in the
(1) first degree is a class A misdemeanor punishable as provided in AS 12.55;
(2) second degree is a class B misdemeanor punishable as provided in AS 12.55;
(3) third degree is an infraction punishable by a fine of not more than
(A) $2,500 if the person has been previously convicted three or more times of a violation of this section;
(B) $1,500 if the person has been previously convicted twice of a violation of this section;
(C) $750 if the person has been previously convicted one time of a violation of this section; or
(D) $300 if the person has not been previously convicted of a violation of this section.
(f) In this section, “criminal negligence” has the meaning given in AS 11.81.900.
2023 Alaska Statutes › Title 28. Motor Vehicles › Chapter 35. Offenses and Accidents › Article 3. Miscellaneous Offenses. › Sec. 28.35.253. Anti-spray devices required.

(a) A person may not drive a motor vehicle on a highway unless the vehicle is equipped with fenders, mud flaps, or other anti-spray devices adequate to prevent the vehicle from being a hazard to other users of the highway.
(b) Violation of this section is an infraction.
2023 Alaska Statutes › Title 28. Motor Vehicles › Chapter 35. Offenses and Accidents › Article 3. Miscellaneous Offenses. › Sec. 28.35.261. Operation of low-speed vehicles.

(a) The operator of a low-speed vehicle is subject to all the traffic and other laws applicable to operators of passenger vehicles.
(b) The operator of a low-speed vehicle may not operate that vehicle on a highway that has a maximum speed limit of more than 35 miles an hour. Notwithstanding this subsection, the operator of a low-speed vehicle may operate that vehicle
(1) on a highway with a maximum speed limit of 45 miles an hour if the highway is
(A) within a municipality that
(i) has a population of less than 35,000;
(ii) is not connected by road to Anchorage or Fairbanks; and
(iii) has passed an ordinance allowing for the operation of low-speed vehicles as provided for in this subparagraph; or
(B) within an area of the unorganized borough, outside of a city, that is not connected by road to Anchorage or Fairbanks;
(2) across an intersection with a highway that has a maximum speed limit greater than is permissible for low-speed vehicles under this subsection.
(c) Notwithstanding AS 28.01.010, a municipality may, by ordinance, further restrict the operation of low-speed vehicles within its jurisdiction.
2023 Alaska Statutes › Title 28. Motor Vehicles › Chapter 35. Offenses and Accidents › Article 4. Certain Offenses Relating to Minors. › Sec. 28.35.290. Driving during the 24 hours after being cited for alcohol or breath test offenses.

(a) A person who has been cited for minor operating a vehicle after consuming alcohol under AS 28.35.280 or for refusal to submit to a chemical test of breath under AS 28.35.285 may not operate a motor vehicle, aircraft, or watercraft during the 24 hours following issuance of the citation.
(b) Operating a motor vehicle during the 24 hours after being cited for minor operating a vehicle after consuming alcohol or for minor's refusal to submit to a chemical test is an infraction, and, if the minor
(1) has not been previously convicted under this section, AS 28.35.280, or 28.35.285, upon conviction, the court shall impose a
(A) fine of $500; and
(B) period of community work service of not less than 20 hours nor more than 40 hours; the community work service under this subparagraph must be related to education about or prevention or treatment of misuse of alcohol if opportunities are available for that type of work service in the community; if such opportunities are not available, the court shall make other provisions for the work service;
(2) has been previously convicted once under this section, AS 28.35.280, or 28.35.285, upon conviction, the court shall impose a
(A) fine of $1,000; and
(B) period of community work service of not less than 40 hours nor more than 60 hours; the community work service under this subparagraph must be related to education about or prevention or treatment of misuse of alcohol if opportunities are available for that type of work service in the community; if such opportunities are not available, the court shall make other provisions for the work service;
(3) has been previously convicted two or more times under this section, AS 28.35.280, or 28.35.285, upon conviction, the court shall impose a
(A) fine of $1,500; and
(B) period of community work service of not less than 60 hours nor more than 80 hours; the community work service under this subparagraph must be related to education about or prevention or treatment of misuse of alcohol if opportunities are available for that type of work service in the community; if such opportunities are not available, the court shall make other provisions for the work service.
(c) In this section,
(1) “operate an aircraft” has the meaning given in AS 28.35.030(w);
(2) “operate a watercraft” has the meaning given in AS 28.35.030(w).
2023 Alaska Statutes › Title 28. Motor Vehicles › Chapter 35. Offenses and Accidents › Article 5. Offenses Involving Property Rights. › Sec. 28.35.310. Renting a motor vehicle.

(a) A person may not rent a motor vehicle to a person unless the person renting the vehicle is properly licensed under this title or, if a nonresident, the person is properly licensed under the laws of the jurisdiction of a person's residence.
(b) A person may not rent a motor vehicle until the person has inspected the license of the person to whom the vehicle is to be rented, and has verified the identification of the licensee.
(c) Every person renting a motor vehicle shall keep a record of the registration number of the vehicle rented, the name, address and license number of the person to whom the vehicle is rented, and the date and place when and where the license of the intended driver was issued. The record shall be open to inspection by a peace officer or employee of the Department of Public Safety acting in an official capacity.
(d) Every person renting a motor vehicle shall comply with the financial responsibility requirements of this title.
(e) A person who rents motor vehicles to others shall provide child safety devices in sufficient quantity that all persons to whom the vehicles are to be rented can comply with the requirements of AS 28.05.095.
2023 Alaska Statutes › Title 28. Motor Vehicles › Chapter 35. Offenses and Accidents › Article 5. Offenses Involving Property Rights. › Sec. 28.35.320. Failure to return rental vehicle.

(a) A person in possession of a motor vehicle under an agreement in writing that requires the person to return the vehicle to a particular place or at a particular time who refuses or wilfully neglects to return it to the place and at the time specified in the agreement in writing with the intent to deprive the owner of the vehicle or to convert it to the person's own use, or who secretes, converts, sells, or attempts to sell the vehicle or any part of it is, upon conviction, punishable by imprisonment for not more than five years, or by a fine of not more than $1,000, or by both.
(b) In this section, “wilfully neglects” means omits, fails, or forbears, with a conscious purpose to injure, or without regard for the rights of the owner, or with indifference whether a wrong is done the owner or not.
2023 Alaska Statutes › Title 28. Motor Vehicles › Chapter 35. Offenses and Accidents › Article 6. Reckless and Negligent Driving. › Sec. 28.35.400. Reckless driving.

(a) A person who drives a motor vehicle in the state in a manner that creates a substantial and unjustifiable risk of harm to a person or to property is guilty of reckless driving. A substantial and unjustifiable risk is a risk of such a nature and degree that the conscious disregard of it or a failure to perceive it constitutes a gross deviation from the standard of conduct that a reasonable person would observe in the situation.
(b) A person convicted of reckless driving is guilty of a misdemeanor and is punishable by a fine of not more than $1,000 or by imprisonment for not more than one year or by both.
(c) Lawfully conducted automobile, snowmobile, motorcycle, or other motor vehicle racing or exhibition events are not subject to the provisions of this section.
2023 Alaska Statutes › Title 28. Motor Vehicles › Chapter 35. Offenses and Accidents › Article 6. Reckless and Negligent Driving. › Sec. 28.35.410. Negligent driving.

(a) A person who drives a motor vehicle in the state in a manner that creates an unjustifiable risk of harm to a person or to property and who, as a result of the creation of the risk, actually endangers a person or property is guilty of negligent driving. An unjustifiable risk is a risk of such a nature and degree that a failure to avoid it constitutes a deviation from the standard of care that a reasonable person would observe in the situation. Proof that a defendant actually endangered a person or property is established by showing that, as a result of the defendant's driving,
(1) an accident occurred;
(2) a person, including the defendant, took evasive action to avoid an accident;
(3) a person, including the defendant, stopped or slowed down suddenly to avoid an accident; or
(4) a person or property, including the defendant or the defendant's property, was otherwise endangered.
(b) The offense of negligent driving is a lesser offense than, and included in, the offense of reckless driving, and a person charged with reckless driving may be convicted of the lesser offense of negligent driving.
(c) A person convicted of negligent driving is guilty of an infraction as provided under AS 28.90.010.
(d) Lawfully conducted automobile, snowmobile, motorcycle or other motor vehicle racing or exhibition events are not subject to the provisions of this section.
2023 Alaska Statutes › Title 28. Motor Vehicles › Chapter 37. Driver License Compact › Article 1. General Provisions. › Sec. 28.37.020. Licensing authority.

In this chapter the term “licensing authority” with reference to this state means the entity in the Department of Administration that administers AS 28.15.011 - 28.15.151. The department shall furnish to the appropriate authority of another party state the information or documents reasonably necessary to facilitate the administration of AS 28.37.130 - 28.37.150.
2023 Alaska Statutes › Title 28. Motor Vehicles › Chapter 37. Driver License Compact › Article 1. General Provisions. › Sec. 28.37.030. Expenses of administrator.

The compact administrator provided for in AS 28.37.170 is not entitled to additional compensation on account of service as the administrator, but is entitled to expenses incurred in connection with the duties and responsibilities as the administrator, in the same manner as for expenses incurred in connection with other duties or responsibilities of the office or employment.
2023 Alaska Statutes › Title 28. Motor Vehicles › Chapter 37. Driver License Compact › Article 2. Compact Terms. › Sec. 28.37.110. Findings and policy statement.

(a) The party states find that
(1) the safety of their streets and highways is materially affected by the degree of compliance with state laws and local ordinances relating to the operation of motor vehicles;
(2) violation of a law or ordinance is evidence that the violator engages in conduct that is likely to endanger the safety of persons and property;
(3) the continuance in force of a license to drive is predicated upon compliance with laws and ordinances relating to the operation of motor vehicles, in whichever jurisdiction the vehicle is operated.
(b) It is the policy of the party states to
(1) promote compliance with the laws, ordinances, and administrative regulations relating to the operation of motor vehicles by their drivers in each of the jurisdictions where those drivers operate motor vehicles;
(2) make the reciprocal recognition of licenses to drive and eligibility for them more just and equitable by considering the overall compliance with motor vehicle laws, ordinances, and administrative regulations as a condition precedent to the continuance or issuance of a license by reason of which the licensee is authorized or permitted to operate a motor vehicle in the party states.
2023 Alaska Statutes › Title 28. Motor Vehicles › Chapter 37. Driver License Compact › Article 2. Compact Terms. › Sec. 28.37.130. Reports of convictions.

The licensing authority of a party state shall report each conviction of a person from another party state occurring within its jurisdiction to the licensing authority of the home state of the licensee. The report shall clearly identify the person convicted; describe the violation specifying the section of the statute, code, or ordinance violated; identify the court in which action was taken; indicate whether a plea of guilty or not guilty was entered, or the conviction was a result of the forfeiture of bail, bond or other security; and shall include any special findings made in connection with the conviction.
2023 Alaska Statutes › Title 28. Motor Vehicles › Chapter 37. Driver License Compact › Article 2. Compact Terms. › Sec. 28.37.140. Effect of conviction in party state.

(a) The licensing authority in the home state, for the purposes of suspending, revoking, or limiting the license to operate a motor vehicle, shall give the same effect to the conduct reported under AS 28.37.130 as it would if the conduct had occurred in the home state, in the case of a conviction for
(1) manslaughter or negligent homicide resulting from the operation of a motor vehicle;
(2) driving a motor vehicle while under the influence of intoxicating liquor or a narcotic drug, or under the influence of any other drug to a degree that renders the driver incapable of safely driving a motor vehicle;
(3) any felony in the commission of which a motor vehicle is used;
(4) failure to stop and render aid in the event of a motor vehicle accident resulting in the death or personal injury of another.
(b) As to another conviction, reported under AS 28.37.130, the licensing authority in the home state shall give the effect to the conduct that is provided by the laws of the home state if the offense constituting the conduct report under AS 28.37.130 has elements similar to those of the home state as defined in the home state at the time the offense constituting the conduct report under AS 28.37.130 was committed.
(c) If the laws of a party state do not provide for offenses or violations denominated or described in precisely the words employed in (a) of this section, the party state shall construe the denominations and descriptions appearing in (a) of this section as being applicable to and identifying the offenses or violations of a substantially similar nature, and the laws of the party state shall contain the provisions necessary to ensure that full force and effect is given to this section.
2023 Alaska Statutes › Title 28. Motor Vehicles › Chapter 37. Driver License Compact › Article 2. Compact Terms. › Sec. 28.37.150. Grounds requiring refusal to issue license.

Upon application for a license to drive, the licensing authority in a party state shall ascertain whether the applicant has ever held, or is the holder of a license to drive issued by another party state. The licensing authority in the state where application is made may not issue a license to drive to the applicant if
(1) the applicant has held a license, but the license has been suspended, revoked, or canceled, or the applicant has been disqualified from operating a commercial motor vehicle by reason, in whole or in part, of a violation, and the suspension period has not terminated;
(2) the applicant has held a license, but the license has been revoked by reason, in whole or in part, of a violation, and the revocation has not terminated; except that after the expiration of one year from the date the license was revoked, the person may make application for a new license if permitted by law; the licensing authority may refuse to issue a license to an applicant if, after investigation, the licensing authority determines that it will not be safe to grant to the person the privilege of driving a motor vehicle on the public highways;
(3) the applicant is the holder of a license to drive issued by another party state and currently in force, unless the applicant surrenders the license;
(4) the applicant has held a license, but has been disqualified from operating a commercial motor vehicle by reason, in whole or in part, of a violation, and the disqualification has not terminated; however, a person may make an application for a noncommercial driver's license if permitted by other law.
2023 Alaska Statutes › Title 28. Motor Vehicles › Chapter 37. Driver License Compact › Article 2. Compact Terms. › Sec. 28.37.160. Application of other state laws.

Except as expressly required by provisions of this chapter, nothing in this chapter shall be construed to affect the right of a party state to apply any of its other laws relating to licenses to drive to any person or circumstance, nor to invalidate or prevent any driver license agreement or other cooperative arrangement between a party state and a nonparty state.
2023 Alaska Statutes › Title 28. Motor Vehicles › Chapter 37. Driver License Compact › Article 2. Compact Terms. › Sec. 28.37.170. Administrator of compact.

(a) The head of the licensing authority of each party state shall be the administrator of the compact for that state. The administrators of all party states, acting jointly, shall have the power to formulate all necessary and proper procedures for the exchange of information under this compact.
(b) The administrator of each party state shall furnish to the administrator of each other party state the information or documents reasonably necessary to facilitate the administration of the compact.
2023 Alaska Statutes › Title 28. Motor Vehicles › Chapter 37. Driver License Compact › Article 2. Compact Terms. › Sec. 28.37.180. Compact as law; withdrawal procedure.

(a) The compact shall become effective as to any state in which the compact becomes effective as the law of that state.
(b) A party state may withdraw from the compact by enacting a statute repealing the compact as the law of the state, but a withdrawal may not take effect until six months after the executive head of the withdrawing state has given notice of the withdrawal to the executive heads of all other party states. Withdrawal does not affect the validity or applicability by the licensing authorities of states remaining party to the compact of any report of conviction occurring before the withdrawal.
2023 Alaska Statutes › Title 28. Motor Vehicles › Chapter 37. Driver License Compact › Article 2. Compact Terms. › Sec. 28.37.190. Construction and validity; severability.

The compact shall be liberally construed so as to effectuate its purposes. The provisions of the compact are severable and if any phrase, clause, sentence, or provision of the compact is declared to be contrary to the constitution of any party state or of the United States or the applicability of it to a government, agency, person or circumstance is held invalid, the validity of the remainder of the compact and the applicability of it to any government, agency, person or circumstance shall not be affected by it. If the compact is held contrary to the constitution of any party state, the compact shall remain in full force and effect as to the remaining states and in full force and effect as to the state affected as to all severable matters.
2023 Alaska Statutes › Title 28. Motor Vehicles › Chapter 37. Driver License Compact › Article 2. Compact Terms. › Sec. 28.37.199. Compact definitions.

In this chapter,
(1) “conviction” means a conviction of an offense related to the use or operation of a motor vehicle that is prohibited by state law, municipal ordinance, or administrative regulation, or a forfeiture of bail, bond or other security deposited to secure appearance by a person charged with having committed an offense described in this paragraph, and that is required to be reported to the licensing authority under AS 28.37.130;
(2) “home state” means the state that has issued and has the power to suspend or revoke the use of the license or permit to operate a motor vehicle;
(3) “state” means a state, territory, or possession of the United States, the District of Columbia, or the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico.
2023 Alaska Statutes › Title 28. Motor Vehicles › Chapter 39. Snowmobiles › Sec. 28.39.010. Snowmobile registration.

(a) Except as provided in this subsection, a person may not operate a snowmobile within the state unless the snowmobile has been registered and numbered as required by this chapter. Registration under this subsection is not required for a snowmobile owned by the United States.
(b) A person who violates (a) of this section is guilty of an infraction and is subject to a $300 fine under AS 28.90.010(c).
2023 Alaska Statutes › Title 28. Motor Vehicles › Chapter 39. Snowmobiles › Sec. 28.39.020. Authority of department; registration agents; registration applications.

(a) The department is authorized to assign identification numbers and register snowmobiles.
(b) The department shall authorize agents, including snowmobile dealers, to register snowmobiles. The department may authorize a snowmobile dealer authorized as an agent for snowmobile registration to issue temporary and permanent registrations, and to renew registrations.
(c) A snowmobile dealer shall require a purchaser of a new or used snowmobile sold at retail to complete a registration application and pay the registration fee before the snowmobile leaves the dealer's premises unless the snowmobile is exempt from registration or a registration fee under this chapter.
(d) In a manner set out in this chapter and as may be prescribed by the department, an authorized agent shall accept a registration application and registration fee, issue a registration, and forward the application and registration fee to the department.
(e) The original and each renewal registration fee for a snowmobile is as provided under AS 28.10.421, except that the fee shall be multiplied by two for a four-year registration and multiplied by three for a six-year registration.
2023 Alaska Statutes › Title 28. Motor Vehicles › Chapter 39. Snowmobiles › Sec. 28.39.040. Issuance of a certificate of registration and decals; inspection of registration; expiration of registration.

(a) Upon receipt of a completed application for registration of a snowmobile, the department shall record the registration of the snowmobile under a number assigned to the snowmobile by the department. A number assigned to a snowmobile at the time of the original registration must remain with the snowmobile until the snowmobile is destroyed, abandoned, or permanently removed from the state or until the registration number is changed or terminated by the department.
(b) The department shall issue a registration without the payment of a fee if the snowmobile is owned by a state agency, a political subdivision of the state, or another state. The department may, upon request, issue a registration without the payment of a fee if the snowmobile is owned by the United States.
(c) The department shall, upon assignment of a registration number, issue and deliver to the owner a certificate of registration in a form prescribed by the department. A certificate of registration is not valid unless it is signed by the person who signed the application for registration.
(d) At the issuance of the original certificate of registration and upon renewal, the department shall issue to the registrant a validation decal indicating the validity of the current registration and the expiration date. A validation decal must be affixed to the snowmobile in the manner prescribed by the department. A snowmobile is not validly registered under this chapter unless a validation decal and current registration have been issued as required by this section.
(e) A snowmobile shall display the registration number assigned to it at all times in the manner prescribed by the department.
(f) While operating a snowmobile that is required to be registered under this chapter, a person shall have in possession or carry in the snowmobile a valid registration. Upon demand by a peace officer authorized to enforce this chapter, a person operating a snowmobile shall produce for inspection the certificate of registration for the snowmobile and furnish to the peace officer any information necessary for the identification of the snowmobile and its owner.
(g) A snowmobile owner holding a certificate of registration shall notify the department in writing of a change of residence within 15 days after the change occurs.
(h) A snowmobile may be registered for two, four, or six years. A snowmobile registration expires at the end of the last season for which it is issued. An application for renewal of registration for the succeeding years must be made at a time and in a form prescribed by the department.
(i) The department may issue a replacement certificate of registration if the owner demonstrates to the department that the original certificate has been lost, mutilated, or destroyed.
2023 Alaska Statutes › Title 28. Motor Vehicles › Chapter 39. Snowmobiles › Sec. 28.39.050. Change of ownership; used snowmobiles held for resale; termination of use.

(a) If there is a change of ownership of a snowmobile, the seller and buyer shall fill out the transfer of ownership section of the registration, and the seller shall sign over the registration to the new owner. The seller shall promptly submit the transfer of ownership section to the department, and the department shall issue a new certificate of registration to the new owner.
(b) This chapter does not require a snowmobile dealer to renew the registration of a used snowmobile held solely for purposes of resale until the snowmobile is resold.
(c) An owner of a snowmobile registered under this chapter shall notify the department in writing of the termination of use, destruction, or permanent removal of the snowmobile from the state within 15 days after the termination of use, destruction, or removal.
2023 Alaska Statutes › Title 28. Motor Vehicles › Chapter 39. Snowmobiles › Sec. 28.39.250. Definitions.

In this chapter,
(1) “commissioner” means the commissioner of administration;
(2) “dealer” means a person engaged in the business of selling snowmobiles predominantly for purposes other than resale;
(3) “department” means the Department of Administration;
(4) “operate” means to ride in or on and control the operation of a snowmobile;
(5) “operator” means a person who operates or is in actual physical control of a snowmobile;
(6) “owner” means a person, other than a lienholder, having title to a snowmobile and who is entitled to the use or possession of the snowmobile;
(7) “possession” means physical custody of a snowmobile by an owner of a snowmobile or by an owner of a motor vehicle or trailer on or in which a snowmobile is placed for the purpose of transport;
(8) “retail” means the sale of a snowmobile for any purpose other than resale;
(9) “season” means one calendar year beginning October 1 and ending September 30;
(10) “snowmobile” means a self-propelled vehicle primarily designed or altered for travel on snow or ice when supported in part by skis, belts, or cleats; “snowmobile” does not include machinery used strictly for the grooming of snowmobile trails or ski slopes.
2023 Alaska Statutes › Title 28. Motor Vehicles › Chapter 90. General and Miscellaneous Provisions › Article 1. Miscellaneous Provisions. › Sec. 28.90.010. Penalties for violations of law, regulations, and municipal ordinances.

(a) It is a misdemeanor for a person to violate a provision of this title unless the violation is by this title or other law declared to be a felony or an infraction.
(b) A person convicted of a misdemeanor for a violation of a provision of this title for which another penalty is not specifically provided is punishable by a fine of not more than $500, or by imprisonment for not more than 90 days, or by both. In addition, the privilege to drive or the registration of vehicles may be suspended or revoked.
(c) Unless otherwise specified by law a person convicted of a violation of a regulation adopted under this title, or a municipal ordinance regulating vehicles or traffic when the municipal ordinance does not correspond to a provision of this title, is guilty of an infraction and is punishable by a fine not to exceed $300.
(d) An infraction, as provided for in (c) of this section, is not considered a criminal offense and may not result in imprisonment, nor is a fine imposed for the commission of an infraction considered a penal or criminal punishment; nor may the commission of a single infraction result in the loss of a driver's license or privilege to drive in this state except as may result from the accumulation of points under AS 28.15.221 - 28.15.261, or the registration of vehicles; nor does a person cited with an infraction have a right to trial by jury or to court-appointed counsel.
(e) [Repealed, § 5 ch 85 SLA 1987.]
2023 Alaska Statutes › Title 28. Motor Vehicles › Chapter 90. General and Miscellaneous Provisions › Article 1. Miscellaneous Provisions. › Sec. 28.90.020. Breath test result validity.

Except for an offense under AS 28.35.280, if an offense described under this title requires that a chemical test of a person's breath produce a particular result, and the chemical test is administered by a properly calibrated instrument approved by the Department of Public Safety, the result described by statute is not affected by the instrument's working tolerance.
2023 Alaska Statutes › Title 28. Motor Vehicles › Chapter 90. General and Miscellaneous Provisions › Article 1. Miscellaneous Provisions. › Sec. 28.90.030. Fines for offenses committed within highway work zones and traffic safety corridors doubled.

(a) Whenever a person violates a provision of this title or a regulation adopted under the authority of this title within a highway work zone or traffic safety corridor, notwithstanding the amount of the fine or the maximum fine set under this title, the fine, or maximum fine, is double the amount provided in this title.
(b) Fines imposed and collected under this section for offenses that are committed in a traffic safety corridor shall be separately accounted for under AS 37.05.142.
(c) Notwithstanding the requirements of (b) of this section and AS 37.05.142, the Alaska Court System shall deposit fines collected under this section for offenses committed in a traffic safety corridor in the general fund if the fine is collected at a court location where separate accounting for traffic safety corridor fines is not achievable.
(d) The administrative director of the Alaska Court System shall notify the Department of Administration
(1) of court locations where separate accounting under (b) of this section is not achievable; and
(2) when a court location identified under (1) of this subsection becomes able to separately account for fines under (b) of this section.
2023 Alaska Statutes › Title 28. Motor Vehicles › Chapter 90. General and Miscellaneous Provisions › Article 1. Miscellaneous Provisions. › Sec. 28.90.035. Prohibition of damage claims regarding highway work zone signs.

A claim for damages may not be made against the state or its officers, employees, or agents for an act or omission relating to the designation of and erection of signs regarding a highway work zone.
2023 Alaska Statutes › Title 28. Motor Vehicles › Chapter 90. General and Miscellaneous Provisions › Article 1. Miscellaneous Provisions. › Sec. 28.90.040. Administration of highway safety program.

The governor may contract and do all other things necessary on behalf of this state under 23 U.S.C. 401 - 404 (Highway Safety Act of 1966), and may cooperate with interested persons and agencies to effectuate the purposes of that Act. Contracting under this section is governed by AS 36.30 (State Procurement Code). The governor may designate a person to serve as the governor's highway safety representative; however, the governor is the official in this state having the ultimate responsibility for dealing with the federal government with respect to programs and activities under the Federal Highway Safety Act of 1966. The governor shall coordinate the activities relating to highway safety of state departments, agencies, and subdivisions.
2023 Alaska Statutes › Title 29. Municipal Government › Chapter 03. The Unorganized Borough › Sec. 29.03.020. Service areas.

Allowing for maximum local participation, the legislature may establish, alter, or abolish service areas within the unorganized borough to provide special services that may include schools, utilities, land use regulations, and fire protection. A new service area may not be established if the new service can be provided by an existing service area, by incorporation as a city, or by annexation to a city.
2023 Alaska Statutes › Title 29. Municipal Government › Chapter 04. Classification of Municipalities › Sec. 29.04.040. Reclassification of cities.

(a) A second class city may be reclassified as a first class city. A first class or home rule city may be reclassified as a second class city. Reclassification is proposed by filing a petition with the department. The department shall investigate the proposal and report its findings to the Local Boundary Commission with its recommendations. The commission shall hold at least one public hearing in the city on the proposal. The commission may amend the petition and may impose conditions on the reclassification. If the commission determines that the reclassification, as amended or conditioned if appropriate, meets applicable standards under the state constitution and commission regulations, meets the standards for incorporation under AS 29.05.011 for the class of city proposed in the reclassification petition, and is in the best interests of the state, it may accept the petition. Otherwise, it shall reject the petition. The commission shall notify the city of its decision. The decision may be appealed under AS 44.62 (Administrative Procedure Act).
(b) A petition proposing reclassification may be filed by
(1) a number of voters equal to 15 percent of the number of votes cast in the city at the preceding regular election; or
(2) the council.
(c) [Repealed, § 31 ch 58 SLA 1994.]
(d) The council shall, within 30 days after receiving notification from the Local Boundary Commission that a petition has been accepted, order an election on the question of reclassification. The election shall be held at least 30 days after the order and not later than the next regular election occurring after the 30-day period. If more than one question is to be voted on at the election, each shall appear separately on the ballot.
(e) The council shall certify the election results to the department. If the majority of votes cast is favorable, the city is reclassified 30 days after certification of the election results.
2023 Alaska Statutes › Title 29. Municipal Government › Chapter 04. Classification of Municipalities › Sec. 29.04.050. Reclassification of second class boroughs.

A second class borough may reclassify as a first class borough in the manner provided by AS 29.35.320 - 29.35.330 for the addition of an areawide power by a first or second class borough, except the petition or proposal requests reclassification instead of requesting addition of a power.
2023 Alaska Statutes › Title 29. Municipal Government › Chapter 04. Classification of Municipalities › Sec. 29.04.060. Reclassification of third class boroughs.

(a) A third class borough may reclassify as a first or second class borough in the manner provided by AS 29.35.320 - 29.35.330 for the addition of an areawide power by a first or second class borough, except the petition or proposal requests reclassification instead of requesting addition of a power. At the time of voting on reclassification of a third class borough to first or second class status, voters shall vote also on whether the borough shall, on reclassification, retain a combined assembly and school board or elect a separate assembly and board as otherwise provided for first and second class boroughs.
(b) If a combined assembly and school board are approved at the reclassification election, the assembly serving at the time of the election continues to serve as the assembly and board on voter approval of reclassification and until terms of assembly members expire as provided before reclassification.
(c) If a separate assembly and school board are approved at the reclassification election, a school board shall be elected in conformity with AS 14.12.030 - 14.12.100 at the next regular election, if it occurs within 90 days of the date of the reclassification election, or otherwise at a special election within 90 days of the date of the reclassification election. Expiration dates of terms of school board members elected at a special election must coincide with the date of the regular election. Until a board is elected and qualified, the assembly continues to serve as the board.
2023 Alaska Statutes › Title 29. Municipal Government › Chapter 05. Incorporation › Article 1. Requirements. › Sec. 29.05.011. Incorporation of a city.

(a) A community that meets the following standards may incorporate as a first class or home rule city:
(1) the community has 400 or more permanent residents;
(2) the boundaries of the proposed city include all areas necessary to provide municipal services on an efficient scale;
(3) the economy of the community includes the human and financial resources necessary to provide municipal services; in considering the economy of the community, the Local Boundary Commission shall consider property values, economic base, personal income, resource and commercial development, anticipated functions, and the expenses and income of the proposed city, including the ability of the community to generate local revenue;
(4) the population of the community is stable enough to support city government;
(5) there is a demonstrated need for city government.
(b) A community that meets all the standards under (a) of this section except (a)(1) may incorporate as a second class city.
2023 Alaska Statutes › Title 29. Municipal Government › Chapter 05. Incorporation › Article 1. Requirements. › Sec. 29.05.021. Limitations on incorporation of a city.

(a) A community in the unorganized borough may not incorporate as a city if the services to be provided by the proposed city can be provided by annexation to an existing city.
(b) A community within a borough may not incorporate as a city if the services to be provided by the proposed city can be provided on an areawide or nonareawide basis by the borough in which the proposed city is located, or by annexation to an existing city.
2023 Alaska Statutes › Title 29. Municipal Government › Chapter 05. Incorporation › Article 1. Requirements. › Sec. 29.05.031. Incorporation of a borough or unified municipality.

(a) An area that meets the following standards may incorporate as a home rule, first class, or second class borough, or as a unified municipality:
(1) the population of the area is interrelated and integrated as to its social, cultural, and economic activities, and is large and stable enough to support borough government;
(2) the boundaries of the proposed borough or unified municipality conform generally to natural geography and include all areas necessary for full development of municipal services;
(3) the economy of the area includes the human and financial resources capable of providing municipal services; evaluation of an area's economy includes land use, property values, total economic base, total personal income, resource and commercial development, anticipated functions, expenses, and income of the proposed borough or unified municipality;
(4) land, water, and air transportation facilities allow the communication and exchange necessary for the development of integrated borough government.
(b) An area may not incorporate as a third class borough.
2023 Alaska Statutes › Title 29. Municipal Government › Chapter 05. Incorporation › Article 2. Procedure. › Sec. 29.05.060. Petition.

Municipal incorporation is proposed by filing a petition with the department. The petition must include the following information about the proposed municipality:
(1) class;
(2) name;
(3) boundaries;
(4) maps, documents, and other information required by the department;
(5) composition and apportionment of the governing body;
(6) a proposed operating budget for the municipality projecting sources of income and items of expenditure through the first full fiscal year of operation;
(7) for a borough or unified municipality, based on the number who voted in the respective areas in the last general election, the signature and resident address of 15 percent of the voters in
(A) home rule and first class cities in the area of the proposed borough or unified municipality; and
(B) the area of the proposed borough or unified municipality outside home rule and first class cities;
(8) for a first class borough or unified municipality, a designation of areawide powers to be exercised;
(9) for a second class borough, a designation of areawide and nonareawide powers to be exercised;
(10) for a first class, second class, or home rule city, a designation of the powers to be exercised;
(11) for a first class or home rule city, based on the number who voted in the area in the last general election, the signatures and resident addresses of 50 voters in the proposed city or of 15 percent of the voters in the proposed city, whichever is greater;
(12) for a second class city, based on the number who voted in the area in the last general election, the signatures and resident addresses of 25 voters in the proposed city or of 15 percent of the voters in the proposed city, whichever is greater;
(13) for a home rule city, home rule borough, or unified municipality, a proposed home rule charter.
2023 Alaska Statutes › Title 29. Municipal Government › Chapter 05. Incorporation › Article 2. Procedure. › Sec. 29.05.080. Investigation.

(a) If an incorporation petition contains the required information and signatures, the department shall investigate the proposal and shall hold at least one public informational meeting in the area proposed for incorporation. The department shall publish notice of the meeting.
(b) The department may combine incorporation petitions from the same general area.
(c) The department shall report its findings to the Local Boundary Commission with its recommendations regarding the incorporation.
2023 Alaska Statutes › Title 29. Municipal Government › Chapter 05. Incorporation › Article 2. Procedure. › Sec. 29.05.100. Decision.

(a) After providing public notice of each proposed amendment or condition and an opportunity for public comment, the Local Boundary Commission may amend the petition and may impose conditions on the incorporation. If the commission determines that the incorporation, as amended or conditioned if appropriate, meets applicable standards under the state constitution and commission regulations, meets the standards for incorporation under AS 29.05.011 or 29.05.031, and is in the best interests of the state, it may accept the petition. Otherwise, it shall reject the petition.
(b) A Local Boundary Commission decision under this section may be appealed under AS 44.62 (Administrative Procedure Act).