Arkansas Code of 1987 (2023) › Title 8 - ENVIRONMENTAL LAW (§§ 8-1-101 — 8-15-119) › Chapter 7 - HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES (§§ 8-7-101 — 8-7-1407) › Subchapter 2 - HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT ACT (§§ 8-7-201 — 8-7-227) › Section 8-7-204 - Criminal, civil, and administrative penalties

(a)
Criminal Penalties.
(1)
(A)
Any person who violates any provision of this subchapter, who commits any unlawful act under this subchapter, or who violates any rule or order of the Arkansas Pollution Control and Ecology Commission or the Division of Environmental Quality shall be guilty of a misdemeanor.
(B)
Notwithstanding any other provisions of Arkansas law, upon conviction that person shall be subject to imprisonment for not more than one (1) year or a fine of not more than twenty-five thousand dollars ($25,000), or subject to both such fine and imprisonment. For the purpose of fines only, each day or part of a day during which the violation is continued or repeated shall constitute a separate offense.
(2)
(A)
It shall be unlawful for a person to:
(i)
Violate any provision of this subchapter, commit any unlawful act under this subchapter, or violate any rule or order of the commission or the division, and leave the state or remove his or her person from the jurisdiction of this state; or
(ii)
Purposely or knowingly make any false statement, representation, or certification in any document required to be maintained under this subchapter or falsify, tamper with, or render inaccurate any monitoring device, method, or record required to be maintained under this subchapter.
(B)
A person who violates this subdivision (a)(2) shall be guilty of a felony. Notwithstanding any other provisions of Arkansas law, upon conviction that person shall be subject to imprisonment for not more than five (5) years or a fine of not more than fifty thousand dollars ($50,000), or subject to both such fine and imprisonment. For the purpose of fines only, each day or part of a day during which the violation is continued or repeated shall constitute a separate offense.
(3)
(A)
Any person who treats, stores, transports, or disposes of any hazardous waste and purposely, knowingly, or recklessly causes the release of hazardous waste into the environment in a manner not otherwise permitted by law or creates a substantial likelihood of endangering human health, animal or plant life, or property shall be guilty of a felony.
(B)
Notwithstanding any other provisions of Arkansas law, upon conviction that person shall be subject to imprisonment for not more than ten (10) years or a fine of not more than one hundred thousand dollars ($100,000), or subject to both such fine and imprisonment. For the purpose of fines only, each day or part of a day during which the violation is continued or repeated shall constitute a separate offense.
(4)
(A)
Any person who treats, stores, transports, or disposes of any hazardous waste and purposely, knowingly, or recklessly causes the release of hazardous waste into the environment in a manner not otherwise permitted by law, thereby placing another person in imminent danger of death or serious bodily injury, shall be guilty of a felony.
(B)
Notwithstanding any other provisions of Arkansas law, upon conviction that person shall be subject to imprisonment for not more than twenty (20) years or a fine of not more than two hundred fifty thousand dollars ($250,000), or subject to both such fine and imprisonment. For the purpose of fines only, each day or part of a day during which the violation is continued or repeated shall constitute a separate offense.
(5)
Notwithstanding the limits on fines set in subdivisions (a)(1)-(4) of this section, if a person convicted under any of subdivisions (a)(1)-(4) of this section has derived pecuniary gain from commission of the offenses, then he or she may be sentenced to pay a fine not to exceed two (2) times the amount of the pecuniary gain.
(b)
Civil Penalties.
The division may institute a civil action in any court of competent jurisdiction to accomplish any of the following:
(1)
Restrain any violation of or compel compliance with the provisions of this subchapter and of any rules, orders, permits, or plans issued pursuant thereto;
(2)
Affirmatively order that remedial measures be taken as may be necessary or appropriate to implement or effectuate the purposes and intent of this subchapter;
(3)
Recover all costs, expenses, and damages to the division and any other agency or subdivision of the state in enforcing or effectuating the provisions of this subchapter, including, but not limited to, natural resource damages;
(4)
Assess civil penalties in an amount not to exceed twenty-five thousand dollars ($25,000) per day for violations of this subchapter and of any rules, permits, or plans issued pursuant to this subchapter; or
(5)
Recover civil penalties assessed pursuant to subsection (c) of this section.
(c)
Any person who violates any provision of this subchapter and rules, permits, or plans issued pursuant to this subchapter may be assessed an administrative civil penalty not to exceed twenty-five thousand dollars ($25,000) per violation. Each day of a continuing violation may be deemed a separate violation for purposes of civil penalty assessment. No civil penalty may be assessed until the person charged with the violation has been given the opportunity for a hearing in accordance with rules adopted by the commission. All hearings and appeals arising under this subchapter shall be conducted in accordance with the procedures prescribed by §§
8-4-205
,
8-4-212
, and
8-4-218
-
8-4-229
. The procedures of this subsection may also be used to recover all costs, expenses, and damages to the division and any other agency or subdivision of the state in enforcing or effectuating the provisions of this subchapter, including, but not limited to, natural resource damages.
(d)
As an alternative to the limits on civil penalties set in subsections (b) and (c) of this section, if a person found liable in actions brought under subsection (b) or subsection (c) of this section has derived pecuniary gain from commission of the offenses, then he or she may be ordered to pay a civil penalty equal to the amount of the pecuniary gain.
(e)
(1)
All moneys collected as reimbursement for expenses, costs, and damages to the division shall be deposited into the operating fund of the division.
(2)
All moneys collected as civil penalties pursuant to this section shall be deposited into the Hazardous Substance Remedial Action Trust Fund as provided by §
8-7-509
.
(3)
(A)
In his or her discretion, the Director of the Division of Environmental Quality may authorize in-kind services as partial mitigation of cash penalties for use in projects or programs designed to advance environmental interests.
(B)
The violator may provide in-kind services or cash contributions as directed by the division by utilizing the violator's own expertise, by hiring and compensating subcontractors to perform the in-kind services, by arranging and providing financing for the in-kind services, or by other financial arrangements initiated by the division in which the violator and the division retain no monetary benefit, however remote.
(C)
The in-kind services shall not duplicate or augment services already provided by the division through appropriations of the General Assembly.
(4)
All moneys collected to cover the costs, expenses, or damages of other agencies or subdivisions of the state, including natural resource damages, shall be distributed to the appropriate governmental entity.
(f)
The culpable mental states referenced throughout this section shall have the same definitions as set out in §
5-2-202
.
(g)
Solicitation or conspiracy, as defined by the Arkansas Criminal Code at §
5-3-301
et seq. and §
5-3-401
et seq., to commit any criminal act proscribed by this section and §§
8-4-103
and
8-6-204
shall be punishable as follows:
(1)
Any solicitation or conspiracy to commit an offense under this section which is a misdemeanor shall be a misdemeanor subject to fines not to exceed fifteen thousand dollars ($15,000) per day of violation or imprisonment for more than six (6) months, or both such fine and imprisonment;
(2)
Any solicitation or conspiracy to commit an offense under this section which is a felony subject to fines of fifty thousand dollars ($50,000) per day or imprisonment up to five (5) years shall be a felony subject to fines up to thirty-five thousand dollars ($35,000) per day or imprisonment up to two (2) years, or both such fine and imprisonment;
(3)
Any solicitation or conspiracy to commit an offense under this section which is a felony subject to fines of one hundred thousand dollars ($100,000) per day or imprisonment up to ten (10) years shall be a felony subject to fines up to seventy-five thousand dollars ($75,000) per day or imprisonment up to seven (7) years, or both such fine and imprisonment; and
(4)
Any solicitation or conspiracy to commit an offense under this section which is a felony subject to fines of two hundred fifty thousand dollars ($250,000) per day or imprisonment up to twenty (20) years shall be a felony subject to fines up to one hundred fifty thousand dollars ($150,000) per day or imprisonment up to fifteen (15) years, or both such fine and imprisonment.
(h)
In cases considering suspension of sentence or probation, efforts or commitments by the defendant to remediate any adverse environmental effects caused by his or her activities may be considered by the court to be restitution as contemplated by §
5-4-301
.
(i)
A business organization, its agents or officers, may be found liable under this section in accordance with the standards set forth in §
5-2-501
et seq. and sentenced to pay fines in accordance with the provisions of §
5-4-201(d) and (e)
.
(j)
For the purposes of this subchapter, the court may assess against the State of Arkansas reasonable attorney's fees and other litigation costs reasonably incurred in any case under this subchapter in which the complainant has substantially prevailed in an action against the state for failure to comply with the Freedom of Information Act of 1967, §
25-19-101
et seq.
Amended by Act 2019, No. 315,§ 602, eff. 7/24/2019.
Amended by Act 2019, No. 315,§ 601, eff. 7/24/2019.
Amended by Act 2019, No. 315,§ 600, eff. 7/24/2019.
Amended by Act 2019, No. 315,§ 599, eff. 7/24/2019.
Amended by Act 2019, No. 315,§ 598, eff. 7/24/2019.
Amended by Act 2019, No. 910,§ 2716, eff. 7/1/2019.
Amended by Act 2019, No. 910,§ 2715, eff. 7/1/2019.
Amended by Act 2019, No. 910,§ 2714, eff. 7/1/2019.
Amended by Act 2019, No. 910,§ 2713, eff. 7/1/2019.
Amended by Act 2019, No. 910,§ 2712, eff. 7/1/2019.
Amended by Act 2019, No. 910,§ 2711, eff. 7/1/2019.
Amended by Act 2019, No. 910,§ 2710, eff. 7/1/2019.
Acts 1979, No. 406, § 13; 1983, No. 456, § 1; A.S.A. 1947, § 82-4213; Acts 1989, No. 643, § 3; 1991, No. 435, § 1; 1991, No. 1057, §§ 2, 5; 1993, No. 731, § 2; 1995, No. 895, § 6; 2005, No. 1824, § 7.