reglab/statecodes huggingface dataset:
2023 California Code › Elections Code - ELEC › DIVISION 21 - STATE AND LOCAL REAPPORTIONMENT › CHAPTER 6.4 - County of Riverside Citizens Redistricting Commission › Section 21541.

21541. There is, in the County of Riverside, a Citizens Redistricting Commission. In the year following the year in which the decennial federal census is taken, the commission shall adjust the boundary lines of the supervisorial districts of the board in accordance with this chapter.
(Added by Stats. 2022, Ch. 403, Sec. 1. (AB 1307) Effective January 1, 2023.)
2023 California Code › Elections Code - ELEC › DIVISION 21 - STATE AND LOCAL REAPPORTIONMENT › CHAPTER 6.4 - County of Riverside Citizens Redistricting Commission › Section 21543.

21543. (a) A commission member shall apply this chapter in a manner that is impartial and that reinforces public confidence in the integrity of the redistricting process.
(b) The term of office of each member of the commission expires upon the appointment of the first member of the succeeding commission.
(c) Nine members of the commission shall constitute a quorum. Nine or more affirmative votes shall be required for any official action.
(d) (1) The commission shall not retain a consultant who would not be qualified as an applicant pursuant to paragraph (4) of subdivision (d) of Section 21542.
(2) For purposes of this subdivision, “consultant” means a person, whether or not compensated, retained to advise the commission or a commission member regarding any aspect of the redistricting process.
(e) Each commission member shall be a designated employee for purposes of the conflict of interest code adopted by the County of Riverside pursuant to Article 3 (commencing with Section 87300) of Chapter 7 of Title 9 of the Government Code.
(Added by Stats. 2022, Ch. 403, Sec. 1. (AB 1307) Effective January 1, 2023.)
2023 California Code › Elections Code - ELEC › DIVISION 21 - STATE AND LOCAL REAPPORTIONMENT › CHAPTER 6.4 - County of Riverside Citizens Redistricting Commission › Section 21545.

21545. A commission member shall be ineligible for a period of five years beginning from the date of appointment to hold elective public office at the federal, state, county, or city level in this state. A commission member shall be ineligible for a period of three years beginning from the date of appointment to hold appointive federal, state, or local public office, to serve as paid staff for, or as a paid consultant to, the Board of Equalization, the Congress, the Legislature, or any individual legislator, or to register as a federal, state, or local lobbyist in this state.
(Added by Stats. 2022, Ch. 403, Sec. 1. (AB 1307) Effective January 1, 2023.)
2023 California Code › Elections Code - ELEC › DIVISION 21 - STATE AND LOCAL REAPPORTIONMENT › CHAPTER 6.4 - County of Riverside Citizens Redistricting Commission › Section 21546.

21546. Implementation of this chapter is contingent upon an appropriation in the annual Budget Act or other statute for purposes of this chapter.
(Added by Stats. 2022, Ch. 403, Sec. 1. (AB 1307) Effective January 1, 2023.)
2023 California Code › Elections Code - ELEC › DIVISION 21 - STATE AND LOCAL REAPPORTIONMENT › CHAPTER 6.5 - County of San Diego Independent Redistricting Commission › Section 21551.

21551. (a) A commission member shall apply this chapter in a manner that is impartial and that reinforces public confidence in the integrity of the redistricting process.
(b) The term of office of each member of the commission expires upon the appointment of the first member of the succeeding commission.
(c) Nine members of the commission shall constitute a quorum. Nine or more affirmative votes shall be required for any official action.
(d) (1)   The commission shall not retain a consultant who would not be qualified as an applicant pursuant to paragraph (4) of subdivision (c) of Section 21550.
(2) For purposes of this subdivision, “consultant” means a person, whether or not compensated, retained to advise the commission or a commission member regarding any aspect of the redistricting process.
(e) Each commission member shall be a designated employee for purposes of the Conflict of Interest Code adopted by the County of San Diego pursuant to Article 3 (commencing with Section 87300) of Chapter 7 of Title 9 of the Government Code.
(Amended by Stats. 2018, Ch. 92, Sec. 67. (SB 1289) Effective January 1, 2019.)
2023 California Code › Elections Code - ELEC › DIVISION 21 - STATE AND LOCAL REAPPORTIONMENT › CHAPTER 6.5 - County of San Diego Independent Redistricting Commission › Section 21553.

21553. A commission member shall be ineligible for a period of five years beginning from the date of appointment to hold elective public office at the federal, state, county, or city level in this state. A commission member shall be ineligible for a period of three years beginning from the date of appointment to hold appointive federal, state, or local public office, to serve as paid staff for, or as a paid consultant to, the Board of Equalization, the Congress, the Legislature, or any individual legislator, or to register as a federal, state, or local lobbyist in this state.
(Added by Stats. 2017, Ch. 711, Sec. 4. (AB 801) Effective January 1, 2018.)
2023 California Code › Elections Code - ELEC › DIVISION 21 - STATE AND LOCAL REAPPORTIONMENT › CHAPTER 6.7 - County of Fresno Citizens Redistricting Commission › Section 21560.

21560. As used in this chapter, the following terms have the following meanings:
(a) “Board” means the Board of Supervisors of the County of Fresno.
(b) “Commission” means the Citizens Redistricting Commission in the County of Fresno established pursuant to Section 21562.
(c) “Immediate family member” means a spouse, child, in-law, parent, or sibling.
(Added by Stats. 2022, Ch. 407, Sec. 1. (AB 2030) Effective January 1, 2023.)
2023 California Code › Elections Code - ELEC › DIVISION 21 - STATE AND LOCAL REAPPORTIONMENT › CHAPTER 6.7 - County of Fresno Citizens Redistricting Commission › Section 21561.

21561. There is, in the County of Fresno, a Citizens Redistricting Commission. In the year following the year in which the decennial federal census is taken, the commission shall adjust the boundary lines of the supervisorial districts of the board in accordance with this chapter.
(Added by Stats. 2022, Ch. 407, Sec. 1. (AB 2030) Effective January 1, 2023.)
2023 California Code › Elections Code - ELEC › DIVISION 21 - STATE AND LOCAL REAPPORTIONMENT › CHAPTER 6.7 - County of Fresno Citizens Redistricting Commission › Section 21563.

21563. (a) A commission member shall apply this chapter in a manner that is impartial and that reinforces public confidence in the integrity of the redistricting process.
(b) The term of office of each member of the commission expires upon the appointment of the first member of the succeeding commission.
(c) Nine members of the commission shall constitute a quorum. Nine or more affirmative votes shall be required for any official action.
(d) (1) The commission shall not retain a consultant who would not be qualified as an applicant pursuant to paragraph (4) of subdivision (d) of Section 21562.
(2) For purposes of this subdivision, “consultant” means a person, whether or not compensated, retained to advise the commission or a commission member regarding any aspect of the redistricting process.
(e) Each commission member shall be a designated employee for purposes of the conflict of interest code adopted by the County of Fresno pursuant to Article 3 (commencing with Section 87300) of Chapter 7 of Title 9 of the Government Code.
(Added by Stats. 2022, Ch. 407, Sec. 1. (AB 2030) Effective January 1, 2023.)
2023 California Code › Elections Code - ELEC › DIVISION 21 - STATE AND LOCAL REAPPORTIONMENT › CHAPTER 6.7 - County of Fresno Citizens Redistricting Commission › Section 21565.

21565. A commission member shall be ineligible for a period of five years beginning from the date of appointment to hold elective public office at the federal, state, county, or city level in this state. A commission member shall be ineligible for a period of three years beginning from the date of appointment to hold appointive federal, state, or local public office, to serve as paid staff for, or as a paid consultant to, the Board of Equalization, the Congress, the Legislature, or any individual legislator, or to register as a federal, state or local lobbyist in this state.
(Added by Stats. 2022, Ch. 407, Sec. 1. (AB 2030) Effective January 1, 2023.)
2023 California Code › Elections Code - ELEC › DIVISION 21 - STATE AND LOCAL REAPPORTIONMENT › CHAPTER 6.8 - County of Kern Citizens Redistricting Commission › Section 21570.

21570. As used in this chapter, the following terms have the following meanings:
(a) “Board” means the Board of Supervisors of the County of Kern.
(b) “Commission” means the Citizens Redistricting Commission in the County of Kern established pursuant to Section 21572.
(c) “Immediate family member” means a spouse, child, in-law, parent, or sibling.
(Added by Stats. 2022, Ch. 411, Sec. 1. (AB 2494) Effective January 1, 2023.)
2023 California Code › Elections Code - ELEC › DIVISION 21 - STATE AND LOCAL REAPPORTIONMENT › CHAPTER 6.8 - County of Kern Citizens Redistricting Commission › Section 21571.

21571. There is, in the County of Kern, a Citizens Redistricting Commission. In the year following the year in which the decennial federal census is taken, the commission shall adjust the boundary lines of the supervisorial districts of the board in accordance with this chapter.
(Added by Stats. 2022, Ch. 411, Sec. 1. (AB 2494) Effective January 1, 2023.)
2023 California Code › Elections Code - ELEC › DIVISION 21 - STATE AND LOCAL REAPPORTIONMENT › CHAPTER 6.8 - County of Kern Citizens Redistricting Commission › Section 21573.

21573. (a) A commission member shall apply this chapter in a manner that is impartial and that reinforces public confidence in the integrity of the redistricting process.
(b) The term of office of each member of the commission expires upon the appointment of the first member of the succeeding commission.
(c) Nine members of the commission shall constitute a quorum. Nine or more affirmative votes shall be required for any official action.
(d) (1) The commission shall not retain a consultant who would not be qualified as an applicant pursuant to paragraph (4) of subdivision (d) of Section 21572.
(2) For purposes of this subdivision, “consultant” means a person, whether or not compensated, retained to advise the commission or a commission member regarding any aspect of the redistricting process.
(e) Each commission member shall be a designated employee for purposes of the conflict of interest code adopted by the County of Kern pursuant to Article 3 (commencing with Section 87300) of Chapter 7 of Title 9 of the Government Code.
(Added by Stats. 2022, Ch. 411, Sec. 1. (AB 2494) Effective January 1, 2023.)
2023 California Code › Elections Code - ELEC › DIVISION 21 - STATE AND LOCAL REAPPORTIONMENT › CHAPTER 6.8 - County of Kern Citizens Redistricting Commission › Section 21575.

21575. A commission member shall be ineligible for a period of five years beginning from the date of appointment to hold elective public office at the federal, state, county, or city level in this state. A commission member shall be ineligible for a period of three years beginning from the date of appointment to hold appointive federal, state, or local office; to serve as paid staff for, or as a paid consultant to, the Board of Equalization, Congress, the Legislature, or any individual legislator; or to register as a federal, state, or local lobbyist in this state.
(Amended by Stats. 2023, Ch. 131, Sec. 57. (AB 1754) Effective January 1, 2024.)
2023 California Code › Elections Code - ELEC › DIVISION 21 - STATE AND LOCAL REAPPORTIONMENT › CHAPTER 6.9 - County of Orange Citizens Redistricting Commission › Section 21580.

21580. As used in this chapter, the following terms have the following meanings:
(a) “Board” means the Board of Supervisors of the County of Orange.
(b) “Commission” means the Citizens Redistricting Commission in the County of Orange established pursuant to Section 21582.
(c) “Immediate family member” means a spouse, child, in-law, parent, or sibling.
(Added by Stats. 2023, Ch. 315, Sec. 1.7. (AB 34) Effective January 1, 2024.)
2023 California Code › Elections Code - ELEC › DIVISION 21 - STATE AND LOCAL REAPPORTIONMENT › CHAPTER 6.9 - County of Orange Citizens Redistricting Commission › Section 21581.

21581. There is, in the County of Orange, a Citizens Redistricting Commission. In the year following the year in which the decennial federal census is taken, the commission shall adjust the boundary lines of the supervisorial districts of the board in accordance with this chapter.
(Added by Stats. 2023, Ch. 315, Sec. 1.7. (AB 34) Effective January 1, 2024.)
2023 California Code › Elections Code - ELEC › DIVISION 21 - STATE AND LOCAL REAPPORTIONMENT › CHAPTER 6.9 - County of Orange Citizens Redistricting Commission › Section 21583.

21583. (a) (1) A commission member shall apply this chapter in a manner that is impartial and that reinforces public confidence in the integrity of the redistricting process.
(2) Each alternate commission member may attend commission meetings, other than closed session meetings as permitted by the Ralph M. Brown Act (Chapter 9 (commencing with Section 54950) of Part 1 of Division 2 of Title 5 of the Government Code), and may give public comment to the commission. Unless subsequently appointed to serve on the commission as a voting member, an alternate commission member shall not vote in commission meetings or hearings.
(b) The term of office of each member of the commission expires upon the appointment of the first member of the succeeding commission.
(c) Nine members of the commission shall constitute a quorum. Nine or more affirmative votes shall be required for any official action.
(d) Each commission member shall be present for all public hearings and internal meetings of the commission. Except in emergency situations, a commission member who misses an excessive number of public hearings and meetings may be subject to removal from the commission pursuant to Section 21586. For the purposes of this subdivision, a commission member misses an excessive number of public hearings and meetings by missing a significant number of meetings such that it interferes with the commission’s work and the commission member’s ability to meaningfully participate in discussions and deliberation.
(e) (1) The commission shall require a consultant to, before delivering advice to the commission or a commission member pursuant to paragraph (2), disclose to the commission potential or actual conflicts of interest. The commission shall weigh the consultant’s potential or actual conflicts of interest against the consultant’s qualifications in determining whether to retain the consultant.
(2) For purposes of this subdivision, “consultant” means a person, whether or not compensated, retained to advise the commission or a commission member regarding any aspect of the redistricting process.
(f) Each commission member shall be a designated employee for purposes of the conflict of interest code adopted by the County of Orange pursuant to Article 3 (commencing with Section 87300) of Chapter 7 of Title 9 of the Government Code.
(Added by Stats. 2023, Ch. 315, Sec. 1.7. (AB 34) Effective January 1, 2024.)
2023 California Code › Elections Code - ELEC › DIVISION 21 - STATE AND LOCAL REAPPORTIONMENT › CHAPTER 6.9 - County of Orange Citizens Redistricting Commission › Section 21585.

21585. A commission member shall not do any of the following:
(a) While serving on the commission, endorse, work for, volunteer for, or make a campaign contribution to, a candidate for an elective office of the County of Orange.
(b) Be a candidate for an elective office of the County of Orange if any of the following is true:
(1) Less than five years has elapsed since the date of the member’s appointment to the commission.
(2) The election for that office will be conducted using district boundaries that were adopted by the commission on which the member served, and those district boundaries have not been subsequently readopted by a commission after the end of the member’s term on the commission.
(3) The election for that office will be conducted using district boundaries that were adopted by a legislative body pursuant to a recommendation by the commission on which the member served, and those district boundaries have not been subsequently readopted by a legislative body pursuant to a recommendation by a commission after the end of the member’s term on the commission.
(c) For four years commencing with the date of the person’s appointment to the commission:
(1) Accept employment as a staff member of, or consultant to, an elected official or candidate for elective office of the County of Orange.
(2) Receive a noncompetitively bid contract with the County of Orange.
(3) Register as a lobbyist for the County of Orange.
(d) For two years commencing with the date of the person’s appointment to the commission, accept an appointment to an office of the County of Orange.
(Added by Stats. 2023, Ch. 315, Sec. 1.7. (AB 34) Effective January 1, 2024.)
2023 California Code › Elections Code - ELEC › DIVISION 21 - STATE AND LOCAL REAPPORTIONMENT › CHAPTER 6.9 - County of Orange Citizens Redistricting Commission › Section 21586.

21586. (a) The commission may only remove a commission member for substantial neglect of duty, gross misconduct in office, causing the commission to be unable to discharge its duties with nine affirmative votes, or if it is later discovered that the commission member did not meet the required qualifications, as set forth in subdivision (d) of Section 21582, at the time of appointment or if the commission member no longer meets those required qualifications while serving on the commission. At least three affirmative votes to remove a member shall be from commission members of one political party, and at least three affirmative votes to remove a member shall be from commission members of one other political party.
(1) A commission member or alternate commission member who is subject to removal shall not vote on their own removal.
(b) Prior to removal pursuant to subdivision (a), a commission member is entitled to receive all of the following from the commission:
(1) The reasons for their proposed removal, in writing.
(2) At least one week’s written notice of the public meeting where the commission will vote on their proposed removal.
(3) The opportunity to respond to or rebut the reasons for their removal in writing and at the public meeting described in paragraph (2).
(c) The commission may employ legal counsel in seeking removal of a commission member pursuant to this section.
(d) The decision of the commission to remove a member pursuant to this section is final, nonappealable, and is not subject to judicial review.
(Added by Stats. 2023, Ch. 315, Sec. 1.7. (AB 34) Effective January 1, 2024.)
2023 California Code › Elections Code - ELEC › DIVISION 21 - STATE AND LOCAL REAPPORTIONMENT › CHAPTER 6.9 - County of Orange Citizens Redistricting Commission › Section 21587.

21587. If a commission member resigns or is removed pursuant to Section 21586, the chair of the commission shall select one alternate commissioner to fill the vacancy as a voting member. The alternate member who is appointed to fill the vacancy shall have the same political party preference as the commission member who vacated their position.
(Added by Stats. 2023, Ch. 315, Sec. 1.7. (AB 34) Effective January 1, 2024.)
2023 California Code › Elections Code - ELEC › DIVISION 21 - STATE AND LOCAL REAPPORTIONMENT › CHAPTER 6.9 - County of Orange Citizens Redistricting Commission › Section 21588.

21588. If the commission is unable to act because it has fewer than nine voting commission members, the Auditor-Controller of the County of Orange shall, within one month of making the determination that the commission has fewer than nine voting members, recruit a pool of qualified applicants to fill the vacancies to bring the commission to nine voting members, taking into account the requirements described in subdivision (c) of Section 21582. Within two weeks of the Auditor-Controller constituting a pool of qualified applicants, the remaining commission members shall appoint replacement commission members to fill the vacancies by a two-thirds vote. Each commission member that is selected to fill a vacancy pursuant to this section shall have the same political party preference as the commission member who vacated their position.
(Added by Stats. 2023, Ch. 315, Sec. 1.7. (AB 34) Effective January 1, 2024.)
2023 California Code › Elections Code - ELEC › DIVISION 21 - STATE AND LOCAL REAPPORTIONMENT › CHAPTER 7 - City Elections › ARTICLE 1 - General Law Cities › Section 21600.

21600. This article applies to a general law city that elects members of the city’s legislative body by districts or from districts, as those terms are defined in Section 34871 of the Government Code.
(Amended by Stats. 2023, Ch. 343, Sec. 29. (AB 764) Effective January 1, 2024.)
2023 California Code › Elections Code - ELEC › DIVISION 21 - STATE AND LOCAL REAPPORTIONMENT › CHAPTER 7 - City Elections › ARTICLE 1 - General Law Cities › Section 21601.

21601. Following a city’s decision to elect its council using district-based elections, or following each federal decennial census for a city whose council is already elected using district-based elections, the council shall, by ordinance or resolution, adopt boundaries for all of the council districts of the city pursuant to Chapter 2 (commencing with Section 21100).
(Amended by Stats. 2023, Ch. 343, Sec. 30. (AB 764) Effective January 1, 2024.)
2023 California Code › Elections Code - ELEC › DIVISION 21 - STATE AND LOCAL REAPPORTIONMENT › CHAPTER 7 - City Elections › ARTICLE 1 - General Law Cities › Section 21603.

21603. (a) If the boundaries of a city expand by the addition of new territory, including through annexation of unincorporated territory or consolidation with another city, the council shall add that new territory to the nearest existing council district without changing the boundaries of other council district boundaries.
(b) Notwithstanding subdivision (a), the council may adopt new boundaries for each council district pursuant to Chapter 2 (commencing with Section 21100) if the boundaries of the city expand by the addition of new territory and if both of the following conditions are met:
(1) There are more than four years until the council is next required to redistrict pursuant to Section 21601.
(2) The population of the new territory being annexed or consolidated is greater than 25 percent of the city’s population, as determined by the most recent federal decennial census.
(Amended by Stats. 2023, Ch. 343, Sec. 32. (AB 764) Effective January 1, 2024.)
2023 California Code › Elections Code - ELEC › DIVISION 21 - STATE AND LOCAL REAPPORTIONMENT › CHAPTER 7 - City Elections › ARTICLE 1 - General Law Cities › Section 21605.

21605. (a) After redistricting or districting, a council shall not adopt new council district boundaries until after the next federal decennial census, except under the following circumstances:
(1) A court orders the council to redistrict.
(2) The council is settling a legal claim that its council district boundaries violate the United States Constitution, the federal Voting Rights Act of 1965 (52 U.S.C. Sec. 10301 et seq.), or this article.
(3) The boundaries of the city change by the addition of territory pursuant to Section 21603 or by the subtraction of territory.
(4) The number of council members elected by districts or from districts is increased or decreased.
(5) An independent redistricting commission is established pursuant to Section 23003 to adopt new council districts between federal decennial censuses and the districts being replaced were adopted by the city council.
(b) This section does not prohibit a council from adopting council districts between federal decennial censuses if the council is adopting council districts for the first time, including when a city adopts council districts for the purpose of transitioning from electing its council members in at-large elections to elections by districts or from districts.
(Amended by Stats. 2023, Ch. 343, Sec. 33. (AB 764) Effective January 1, 2024.)
2023 California Code › Elections Code - ELEC › DIVISION 21 - STATE AND LOCAL REAPPORTIONMENT › CHAPTER 7 - City Elections › ARTICLE 1 - General Law Cities › Section 21606.

21606. (a) The term of office of any council member who has been elected and whose term of office has not expired shall not be affected by any change in the boundaries of the district from which the council member was elected and that member shall continue to represent the constituents residing in the district boundaries from which the member was elected for the duration of that term of office. This section does not prevent a city council from assigning a city elected official or city official to provide constituent services to residents of an area that is temporarily not represented by a council member due to redistricting.
(b) At the first election for council members in each city following adoption of the boundaries of council districts, excluding a special election to fill a vacancy or a recall election, a council member shall be elected for each district under the new district plan that has the same district number as a district whose incumbent’s term is due to expire. This subdivision does not apply when a city transitions from at-large to district-based elections.
(c) Except as provided in subdivision (a), a person is not eligible to hold office as a member of a city council unless that person meets the requirements of Section 201 of the Elections Code and Section 34882 of the Government Code.
(Amended by Stats. 2023, Ch. 343, Sec. 34. (AB 764) Effective January 1, 2024.)
2023 California Code › Elections Code - ELEC › DIVISION 21 - STATE AND LOCAL REAPPORTIONMENT › CHAPTER 7 - City Elections › ARTICLE 2 - Chartered Cities › Section 21620.

21620. This article applies to a charter city that elects members of the city’s legislative body by districts or from districts, as those terms are defined in Section 34871 of the Government Code.
(Amended by Stats. 2023, Ch. 343, Sec. 39. (AB 764) Effective January 1, 2024.)
2023 California Code › Elections Code - ELEC › DIVISION 21 - STATE AND LOCAL REAPPORTIONMENT › CHAPTER 7 - City Elections › ARTICLE 2 - Chartered Cities › Section 21621.

21621. Following a city’s decision to elect its council using district-based elections, or following each federal decennial census for a city whose council is already elected using district-based elections, the council shall, by ordinance or resolution, adopt boundaries for all of the council districts of the city pursuant to Chapter 2 (commencing with Section 21100).
(Amended by Stats. 2023, Ch. 343, Sec. 40. (AB 764) Effective January 1, 2024.)
2023 California Code › Elections Code - ELEC › DIVISION 21 - STATE AND LOCAL REAPPORTIONMENT › CHAPTER 7 - City Elections › ARTICLE 2 - Chartered Cities › Section 21623.

21623. (a) If the boundaries of a city expand by the addition of new territory, including through annexation of unincorporated territory or consolidation with another city, the council shall add that new territory to the nearest existing council district without changing the boundaries of other council district boundaries.
(b) Notwithstanding subdivision (a), the council may adopt new boundaries for each council district pursuant to Chapter 2 (commencing with Section 21100) if the boundaries of the city expand by the addition of new territory and if both of the following conditions are met:
(1) There are more than four years until the council is next required to redistrict pursuant to Section 21621.
(2) The population of the new territory being annexed or consolidated is greater than 25 percent of the city’s population as determined by the most recent federal decennial census.
(c) This section does not apply to a charter city that has adopted, by ordinance or in its city charter, a different standard for adding new territory to existing council districts.
(Amended by Stats. 2023, Ch. 343, Sec. 42. (AB 764) Effective January 1, 2024.)
2023 California Code › Elections Code - ELEC › DIVISION 21 - STATE AND LOCAL REAPPORTIONMENT › CHAPTER 7 - City Elections › ARTICLE 2 - Chartered Cities › Section 21625.

21625. (a) After redistricting or districting, a council shall not adopt new council district boundaries until after the next federal decennial census, except under the following circumstances:
(1) A court orders the council to redistrict.
(2) The council is settling a legal claim that its council district boundaries violate the United States Constitution, the federal Voting Rights Act of 1965 (52 U.S.C. Sec. 10301 et seq.), or this article.
(3) The boundaries of the city change by the addition of territory pursuant to Section 21623 or by the subtraction of territory.
(4) The number of council members elected by districts or from districts is increased or decreased.
(5) An independent redistricting commission, whose members are not directly appointed by the legislative body or an elected official of the local jurisdiction, is established to adopt new council districts between federal decennial censuses and the districts being replaced were adopted by the city council.
(b) This section does not prohibit a council from adopting council districts between federal decennial censuses if the council is adopting council districts for the first time, including when a city adopts council districts for the purpose of transitioning from electing its council members in at-large elections to elections by districts or from districts.
(c) This section does not apply to a charter city that has adopted different rules for mid-cycle redistricting in its city charter.
(Amended by Stats. 2023, Ch. 343, Sec. 43. (AB 764) Effective January 1, 2024.)
2023 California Code › Elections Code - ELEC › DIVISION 21 - STATE AND LOCAL REAPPORTIONMENT › CHAPTER 7 - City Elections › ARTICLE 2 - Chartered Cities › Section 21626.

21626. (a) The term of office of any council member who has been elected and whose term of office has not expired shall not be affected by any change in the boundaries of the district from which the council member was elected and that member shall continue to represent the constituents residing in the district boundaries from which the member was elected for the duration of that term of office. This section does not prevent a city council from assigning a city elected official or city official to provide constituent services to residents of an area that is temporarily not represented by a council member due to redistricting.
(b) At the first election for council members in each city following adoption of the boundaries of council districts, excluding a special election to fill a vacancy or a recall election, a council member shall be elected for each district under the new district plan that has the same district number as a district whose incumbent’s term is due to expire. This subdivision does not apply when a city transitions from at-large to district-based elections.
(c) For a city employing both a primary and a general election, a change in the boundaries of a council district shall not be made between the direct primary election and the general election.
(d) Except as provided in subdivision (a), a person is not eligible to hold office as a member of a city council unless that person meets the requirements of Section 201 of the Elections Code and Section 34882 of the Government Code.
(Amended by Stats. 2023, Ch. 343, Sec. 44. (AB 764) Effective January 1, 2024.)
2023 California Code › Elections Code - ELEC › DIVISION 21 - STATE AND LOCAL REAPPORTIONMENT › CHAPTER 7 - City Elections › ARTICLE 2 - Chartered Cities › Section 21630.

21630. If a council assigns the responsibility to recommend or to adopt new district boundaries to a hybrid or independent redistricting commission as defined in Section 23000, the charter city remains subject to the redistricting deadlines, requirements, and restrictions that apply to the council under this article and Chapter 2 (commencing with Section 21100), unless otherwise exempted by law. A redistricting commission described in this section may perform the duties required of a city council under this article.
(Amended by Stats. 2023, Ch. 343, Sec. 49. (AB 764) Effective January 1, 2024.)
2023 California Code › Elections Code - ELEC › DIVISION 21 - STATE AND LOCAL REAPPORTIONMENT › CHAPTER 8 - Special Districts › Section 22000.

22000. (a) Following a special district’s decision to elect its board of directors using district-based elections, or following each federal decennial census for a special district whose board of directors is already elected using district-based elections, the board of directors shall, by resolution, adopt boundaries for all of the divisions of the special district pursuant to Chapter 2 (commencing with Section 21100).
(b) The resolution specified in subdivision (a) shall be adopted by a vote of not less than a majority of the directors.
(c) At the time of, or after, any annexation of territory to the district, the board of directors shall designate, by resolution, the division of which the annexed territory shall be a part.
(d) Except as provided in Section 21140, no change in division boundaries may be made within 180 days preceding the election of any director.
(e) (1) A change in division boundaries shall not affect the term of office of any director.
(2) If division boundaries are adjusted, the director of the division whose boundaries have been adjusted shall continue to be the director of the division bearing the number of that division as formerly comprised until the office becomes vacant by means of term expiration or otherwise, whether or not the director is a resident within the boundaries of the division as adjusted. The director shall continue to represent the constituents residing in the district boundaries from which the director was elected for the duration of that term of office. This section does not prevent a board from assigning a director or special district official to provide constituent services to residents of an area that is temporarily not represented by a director due to redistricting.
(f) The successor to the office in a division whose boundaries have been adjusted shall be a resident and voter of that division.
(g) A district is not required to adjust the boundaries of any divisions pursuant to this section until after the 2000 federal decennial census.
(h) This section shall not be construed to prohibit or restrict a district from adjusting the boundaries of any divisions pursuant to Chapter 2 (commencing with Section 21100) whenever the board of directors of the district determines by a two-thirds vote of the board that a sufficient change in population has occurred that makes it desirable in the opinion of the board to adjust the boundaries of any divisions, or whenever any territory is added by or excluded from the district.
(Amended by Stats. 2023, Ch. 343, Sec. 50. (AB 764) Effective January 1, 2024.)
2023 California Code › Elections Code - ELEC › DIVISION 21 - STATE AND LOCAL REAPPORTIONMENT › CHAPTER 8 - Special Districts › Section 22001.

22001. This chapter and Chapter 2 (commencing with Section 21100) do not apply to special districts in which only landowners vote for directors or whose directors are all elected at large or appointed.
(Repealed and added by Stats. 2023, Ch. 343, Sec. 52. (AB 764) Effective January 1, 2024.)
2023 California Code › Elections Code - ELEC › DIVISION 21 - STATE AND LOCAL REAPPORTIONMENT › CHAPTER 9 - Advisory and Independent Redistricting Commissions › Section 23000.

23000. For purposes of this chapter, the following terms have the following meanings:
(a) “Advisory redistricting commission” means a body that recommends to a legislative body placement of the district boundaries for that legislative body.
(b) “Family member” means a spouse, parent, sibling, child, or in-law.
(c) “Hybrid redistricting commission” means a body that recommends to a legislative body two or more maps for the placement of the district boundaries for that legislative body, where the legislative body must adopt one of those maps without modification, except as may be required to comply with state or federal law.
(d) “Independent redistricting commission” means a body, other than a legislative body, that is empowered to adopt the district boundaries of a legislative body.
(e) “Legislative body” means a county board of supervisors, a city council of a general law city, a governing board of a school district, a governing board of a community college district, or an elected governing board of a special district.
(f) “Local jurisdiction” means a county, general law city, school district, community college district, or special district. “Local jurisdiction” does not include a charter city.
(g) “Redistricting” means either districting or redistricting.
(h) “Spouse” means a spouse or registered domestic partner.
(Amended by Stats. 2020, Ch. 90, Sec. 28. (AB 1276) Effective January 1, 2021.)
2023 California Code › Elections Code - ELEC › DIVISION 21 - STATE AND LOCAL REAPPORTIONMENT › CHAPTER 9 - Advisory and Independent Redistricting Commissions › Section 23001.

23001. A local jurisdiction may establish by resolution, ordinance, or charter amendment an independent redistricting commission, a hybrid redistricting commission, or an advisory redistricting commission composed of residents of the local jurisdiction to change the legislative body’s district boundaries or to recommend to the legislative body changes to those district boundaries.
(Amended by Stats. 2018, Ch. 462, Sec. 2. (SB 1018) Effective January 1, 2019.)
2023 California Code › Elections Code - ELEC › DIVISION 21 - STATE AND LOCAL REAPPORTIONMENT › CHAPTER 9 - Advisory and Independent Redistricting Commissions › Section 23002.

23002. (a) This section applies to advisory redistricting commissions.
(b) Notwithstanding any other law, the local jurisdiction may prescribe the manner in which members are appointed to the commission, provided that the commissioners are not appointed by the legislative body or an elected official of the local jurisdiction.
(c) A person who is an elected official of the local jurisdiction, or a family member, staff member, or paid campaign staff of an elected official of the local jurisdiction, shall not be appointed to serve on the commission.
(d) A local jurisdiction may impose additional requirements or restrictions on the commission, members of the commission, or applicants to the commission in excess of those prescribed by this section.
(e) The commission is subject to the Ralph M. Brown Act (Chapter 9 (commencing with Section 54950) of Part 1 of Division 2 of Title 5 of the Government Code) and the California Public Records Act (Division 10 (commencing with Section 7920.000) of Title 1 of the Government Code).
(Amended by Stats. 2023, Ch. 343, Sec. 54. (AB 764) Effective January 1, 2024.)
2023 California Code › Elections Code - ELEC › DIVISION 21 - STATE AND LOCAL REAPPORTIONMENT › CHAPTER 9 - Advisory and Independent Redistricting Commissions › Section 23004.

23004. A local jurisdiction, except for a county, may contract with a county in which the local jurisdiction is partially or wholly located that has established an independent redistricting commission to have that commission adopt the local jurisdiction’s election district boundaries. The county independent redistricting commission shall hold at least three public hearings in the local jurisdiction before adopting those boundaries.
(Added by Stats. 2018, Ch. 462, Sec. 5. (SB 1018) Effective January 1, 2019.)
2023 California Code › Evidence Code - EVID › DIVISION 1 - PRELIMINARY PROVISIONS AND CONSTRUCTION › Section 2.

2. The rule of the common law, that statutes in derogation thereof are to be strictly construed, has no application to this code. This code establishes the law of this state respecting the subject to which it relates, and its provisions are to be liberally construed with a view to effecting its objects and promoting justice.
(Enacted by Stats. 1965, Ch. 299.)
2023 California Code › Evidence Code - EVID › DIVISION 1 - PRELIMINARY PROVISIONS AND CONSTRUCTION › Section 3.

3. If any provision or clause of this code or application thereof to any person or circumstances is held invalid, such invalidity shall not affect other provisions or applications of the code which can be given effect without the invalid provision or application, and to this end the provisions of this code are declared to be severable.
(Enacted by Stats. 1965, Ch. 299.)
2023 California Code › Evidence Code - EVID › DIVISION 1 - PRELIMINARY PROVISIONS AND CONSTRUCTION › Section 7.

7. Unless otherwise expressly stated:
(a) “Division” means a division of this code.
(b) “Chapter” means a chapter of the division in which that term occurs.
(c) “Article” means an article of the chapter in which that term occurs.
(d) “Section” means a section of this code.
(e) “Subdivision” means a subdivision of the section in which that term occurs.
(f) “Paragraph” means a paragraph of the subdivision in which that term occurs.
(Enacted by Stats. 1965, Ch. 299.)
2023 California Code › Evidence Code - EVID › DIVISION 1 - PRELIMINARY PROVISIONS AND CONSTRUCTION › Section 12.

12. (a) This code shall become operative on January 1, 1967, and shall govern proceedings in actions brought on or after that date and, except as provided in subdivision (b), further proceedings in actions pending on that date.
(b) Subject to subdivision (c), a trial commenced before January 1, 1967, shall not be governed by this code. For the purpose of this subdivision:
(1) A trial is commenced when the first witness is sworn or the first exhibit is admitted into evidence and is terminated when the issue upon which such evidence is received is submitted to the trier of fact. A new trial, or a separate trial of a different issue, commenced on or after January 1, 1967, shall be governed by this code.
(2) If an appeal is taken from a ruling made at a trial commenced before January 1, 1967, the appellate court shall apply the law applicable at the time of the commencement of the trial.
(c) The provisions of Division 8 (commencing with Section 900) relating to privileges shall govern any claim of privilege made after December 31, 1966.
(Enacted by Stats. 1965, Ch. 299.)
2023 California Code › Evidence Code - EVID › DIVISION 2 - WORDS AND PHRASES DEFINED › Section 115.

115. “Burden of proof” means the obligation of a party to establish by evidence a requisite degree of belief concerning a fact in the mind of the trier of fact or the court. The burden of proof may require a party to raise a reasonable doubt concerning the existence or nonexistence of a fact or that he establish the existence or nonexistence of a fact by a preponderance of the evidence, by clear and convincing proof, or by proof beyond a reasonable doubt.
Except as otherwise provided by law, the burden of proof requires proof by a preponderance of the evidence.
(Enacted by Stats. 1965, Ch. 299.)
2023 California Code › Evidence Code - EVID › DIVISION 2 - WORDS AND PHRASES DEFINED › Section 177.

177. “Dependent person” means a person, regardless of whether the person lives independently, who has a physical or mental impairment that substantially restricts his or her ability to carry out normal activities or to protect his or her rights, including, but not limited to, persons who have physical or developmental disabilities or whose physical or mental abilities have significantly diminished because of age. “Dependent person” includes any person who is admitted as an inpatient to a 24-hour health facility, as defined in Sections 1250, 1250.2, and 1250.3 of the Health and Safety Code.
(Amended by Stats. 2018, Ch. 70, Sec. 1. (AB 1934) Effective January 1, 2019.)
2023 California Code › Evidence Code - EVID › DIVISION 2 - WORDS AND PHRASES DEFINED › Section 240.

240. (a) Except as otherwise provided in subdivision (b), “unavailable as a witness” means that the declarant is any of the following:
(1) Exempted or precluded on the ground of privilege from testifying concerning the matter to which his or her statement is relevant.
(2) Disqualified from testifying to the matter.
(3) Dead or unable to attend or to testify at the hearing because of then-existing physical or mental illness or infirmity.
(4) Absent from the hearing and the court is unable to compel his or her attendance by its process.
(5) Absent from the hearing and the proponent of his or her statement has exercised reasonable diligence but has been unable to procure his or her attendance by the court’s process.
(6) Persistent in refusing to testify concerning the subject matter of the declarant’s statement despite having been found in contempt for refusal to testify.
(b) A declarant is not unavailable as a witness if the exemption, preclusion, disqualification, death, inability, or absence of the declarant was brought about by the procurement or wrongdoing of the proponent of his or her statement for the purpose of preventing the declarant from attending or testifying.
(c) Expert testimony that establishes that physical or mental trauma resulting from an alleged crime has caused harm to a witness of sufficient severity that the witness is physically unable to testify or is unable to testify without suffering substantial trauma may constitute a sufficient showing of unavailability pursuant to paragraph (3) of subdivision (a). As used in this section, the term “expert” means a physician and surgeon, including a psychiatrist, or any person described by subdivision (b), (c), or (e) of Section 1010.
The introduction of evidence to establish the unavailability of a witness under this subdivision shall not be deemed procurement of unavailability, in absence of proof to the contrary.
(Amended by Stats. 2010, Ch. 537, Sec. 1. (AB 1723) Effective January 1, 2011.)
2023 California Code › Evidence Code - EVID › DIVISION 2 - WORDS AND PHRASES DEFINED › Section 250.

250. “Writing” means handwriting, typewriting, printing, photostating, photographing, photocopying, transmitting by electronic mail or facsimile, and every other means of recording upon any tangible thing, any form of communication or representation, including letters, words, pictures, sounds, or symbols, or combinations thereof, and any record thereby created, regardless of the manner in which the record has been stored.
(Amended by Stats. 2002, Ch. 945, Sec. 1. Effective January 1, 2003.)
2023 California Code › Evidence Code - EVID › DIVISION 2 - WORDS AND PHRASES DEFINED › Section 255.

255. “Original” means the writing itself or any counterpart intended to have the same effect by a person executing or issuing it. An “original” of a photograph includes the negative or any print therefrom. If data are stored in a computer or similar device, any printout or other output readable by sight, shown to reflect the data accurately, is an “original.”
(Added by Stats. 1977, Ch. 708.)
2023 California Code › Evidence Code - EVID › DIVISION 2 - WORDS AND PHRASES DEFINED › Section 260.

260. A “duplicate” is a counterpart produced by the same impression as the original, or from the same matrix, or by means of photography, including enlargements and miniatures, or by mechanical or electronic rerecording, or by chemical reproduction, or by other equivalent technique which accurately reproduces the original.
(Added by Stats. 1977, Ch. 708.)
2023 California Code › Evidence Code - EVID › DIVISION 3 - GENERAL PROVISIONS › CHAPTER 1 - Applicability of Code › Section 300.

300. Except as otherwise provided by statute, this code applies in every action before the Supreme Court or a court of appeal or superior court, including proceedings in such actions conducted by a referee, court commissioner, or similar officer, but does not apply in grand jury proceedings.
(Amended by Stats. 2002, Ch. 784, Sec. 101. Effective January 1, 2003.)