reglab/statecodes huggingface dataset:
2023 Code of Alabama › Title 23 - Highways, Roads, Bridges and Ferries. › Chapter 2 - Toll Roads, Bridges and Ferries. › Article 6 - Electronic Toll Collection Act. › Section 23-2-171 - Defense Against Liability.

Section 23-2-171
Defense against liability.
The owner of the motor vehicle involved in the violation is responsible and liable for payment of a citation issued for failure to pay a toll, unless:
(1) The owner can establish that the motor vehicle was stolen at the time of the violation. In order to establish such facts, the owner of the motor vehicle is required to furnish the court with a police report indicating that the vehicle was stolen at the time of the alleged violation.
(2) If the motor vehicle involved in the violation is leased to another person or entity, the lessor is not liable for the violation if the lessor sends to the authority, department, private toll entity, or an agent or representative thereof, within the time provided for response by the notice or citation, as applicable, a copy of the rental, lease, or another contract document, or an affidavit, covering the vehicle on the date of the violation, with the name and address of the lessee clearly legible, within the time provided for response by the notice or citation. Failure to send the information within the time provided renders the lessor liable for the unpaid tolls and any administrative fees or penalties assessed pursuant to and in the manner as provided in this article. If the lessor complies with the provisions of this section, the lessee of the vehicle on the date of the violation is subject to liability for the failure to pay the toll if the authority, department, private toll entity, or an agent or representative thereof mails a notice of liability to the lessee as provided in this article after receipt of a copy of the rental, lease, or other contract document.
(Act 2017-375, §1.)
2023 Code of Alabama › Title 23 - Highways, Roads, Bridges and Ferries. › Chapter 2 - Toll Roads, Bridges and Ferries. › Article 6 - Electronic Toll Collection Act. › Section 23-2-172 - Registration Renewal Hold; Enforcement of Judgements.

Section 23-2-172
Enforcement of judgments.
THIS SECTION WAS AMENDED BY ACT 2019-501 IN THE 2019 REGULAR SESSION, EFFECTIVE JANUARY 1, 2024. TO SEE THE AMENDED VERSION, SEE THE VERSION LABELED PENDING.
(a) If a municipal or district court determines that the person or entity charged with liability under this article is liable, the court shall enter a judgment against the person or entity and mail a copy of the judgment thereto. The court shall collect the unpaid tolls and administrative fee. The court may impose court costs and a civil penalty of up to one hundred dollars ($100) for each violation. Tolls, fees, and penalties shall be forwarded to the entity administering the tolls at the facility where the violation occurred.
(b) Upon failure to satisfy a judgment within 60 days of its entry and upon the written request of the authority, department, private toll entity, or an agent or representative thereof, it shall be the duty of the clerk of the court, or of the judge of a court which has no clerk in which the judgment is rendered within this state, to forward a certified copy of the judgment to the Secretary of the Alabama State Law Enforcement Agency or his or her designee after the expiration of the 60 days.
(c) The Secretary of the Alabama State Law Enforcement Agency or his or her designee, upon the receipt of a certified copy of a judgment, shall suspend the license of any resident and the operating privilege, as defined in Section 32-7-2(6) of any nonresident, against whom judgment was rendered.
(d) The resident's license and the nonresident's operating privilege shall remain suspended until the judgment is satisfied and evidence of its satisfaction has been presented to the Alabama State Law Enforcement Agency.
(e) When a nonresident's operating privilege is suspended pursuant to this section, the Secretary of the Alabama State Law Enforcement Agency or his or her designee shall transmit a certified copy of the record of such action to the official in charge of the issuance of driver's licenses in the state in which such nonresident resides, if the law of such other state provides for action in relation thereto similar to that provided for in this section.
(f) Any person seeking reinstatement of a driving license suspended pursuant to this section shall also comply with the requirements provided in Section 32-6-17.
(Act 2017-375, §1.)
2023 Code of Alabama › Title 23 - Highways, Roads, Bridges and Ferries. › Chapter 2 - Toll Roads, Bridges and Ferries. › Article 6 - Electronic Toll Collection Act. › Section 23-2-173 - Reciprocal Agreements - Other States or Jurisdictions.

Section 23-2-173
Reciprocal agreements - Other states or jurisdictions.
THIS SECTION WAS AMENDED BY ACT 2019-501 IN THE 2019 REGULAR SESSION, EFFECTIVE JANUARY 1, 2024. TO SEE THE AMENDED VERSION, SEE THE VERSION LABELED PENDING.
(a) The Department of Transportation is hereby empowered to enter into agreements, when not in conflict with law, with other states or jurisdictions for reciprocal enforcement of toll violations.
(b) An agreement made under this section shall provide that drivers licensed in the state, while operating on the highways of another jurisdiction, shall receive benefits, privileges, and exemptions of a similar kind with regard to toll enforcement as are extended to drivers and vehicles licensed or registered in the other jurisdiction while operated in the state.
(c) A reciprocal agreement under this section may provide for enforcement of toll violations by refusal or suspension of the license in accordance with Section 23-2-172.
(d) The reciprocal violation enforcement agreement between the department and the governmental entity of another state or jurisdiction shall agree upon fees and costs associated with collecting unpaid tolls and drivers license suspensions in their respective jurisdictions.
(Act 2017-375, §1.)
2023 Code of Alabama › Title 23 - Highways, Roads, Bridges and Ferries. › Chapter 2 - Toll Roads, Bridges and Ferries. › Article 6 - Electronic Toll Collection Act. › Section 23-2-174 - Privacy.

Section 23-2-174
Privacy.
(a) The authority, department, private toll entity, or an agent or representative thereof shall not sell, distribute, or make available the names and addresses of electronic toll collection system account holders, without the account holder's consent, to any entity that uses the information for commercial purposes. However, this restriction does not preclude the exchange of this information between entities with jurisdiction of or operating a toll road, bridge, causeway, or tunnel, or entities with which there exists a reciprocal toll enforcement agreement.
(b) Records identifying a specific instance of travel by a specific person or vehicle shall be used only as required to ensure payment and enforcement of tolls, except that such information may be used by state, county, or municipal law enforcement agencies for the comparison of captured license plate data with data held by the Department of Revenue, the Alabama Criminal Justice Information Center, the National Crime Information Center, and the Federal Bureau of Investigation Kidnappings and Missing Persons list, for the purpose of identifying any of the following:
(1) A stolen vehicle or stolen license plate.
(2) A vehicle registered to an individual for whom there is an outstanding default or arrest warrant for felony charges appearing in the Alabama Warrant Management System, or outstanding warrants for felony charges issued in another jurisdiction.
(3) A vehicle associated with a missing person.
(c) Information or data collected by the authority, department, private toll entity, or an agent or representative thereof, for the purpose of establishing and monitoring electronic toll collection accounts, is not subject to disclosure under the Open Records Act, Section 36-12-40.
(Act 2017-375, §1.)
2023 Code of Alabama › Title 23 - Highways, Roads, Bridges and Ferries. › Chapter 2 - Toll Roads, Bridges and Ferries. › Article 6 - Electronic Toll Collection Act. › Section 23-2-175 - Exemptions.

Section 23-2-175
Exemptions.
THIS SECTION WAS AMENDED BY ACT 2019-501 IN THE 2019 REGULAR SESSION, EFFECTIVE JANUARY 1, 2024. TO SEE THE AMENDED VERSION, SEE THE VERSION LABELED PENDING.
The following vehicles are exempt from paying tolls imposed pursuant to this article:
(1) School buses transporting school children for a school event.
(2) Emergency and law enforcement vehicles while actively engaged.
(3) Vehicles deemed exempt for a specific toll facility by the entity administering tolls.
(Act 2017-375, §1.)
2023 Code of Alabama › Title 23 - Highways, Roads, Bridges and Ferries. › Chapter 3 - Controlled Access Facilities. › Section 23-3-1 - Definitions.

Section 23-3-1
Definitions.
For the purposes of this chapter, the following terms shall have the meanings respectively ascribed to them by this section:
(1) INTERSTATE HIGHWAY. Any highway now included or which shall hereafter be included as a part of the national system of interstate highways, selected by joint action of the State Department of Transportation and the United States Bureau of Public Roads.
(2) CONTROLLED ACCESS FACILITY. A highway or street included in the national system of interstate highways especially designed for through traffic and over, from or to which owners or occupants of abutting land or other persons have no right of easement or access from abutting properties. Such highways or streets may be parkways from which trucks, buses, or other commercial vehicles shall be excluded or they may be freeways open to use by all customary forms of street and highway traffic.
(Acts 1956, 1st Ex. Sess., No. 104, p. 148, §2.)
2023 Code of Alabama › Title 23 - Highways, Roads, Bridges and Ferries. › Chapter 3 - Controlled Access Facilities. › Section 23-3-2 - Declaration of Policy.

Section 23-3-2
Declaration of policy.
It is the declared policy of this state to facilitate the flow of traffic and promote public safety by controlling access to highways included in the national system of interstate highways as selected by joint action of the State Department of Transportation and the United States Bureau of Public Roads.
(Acts 1956, 1st Ex. Sess., No. 104, p. 148, §1.)
2023 Code of Alabama › Title 23 - Highways, Roads, Bridges and Ferries. › Chapter 3 - Controlled Access Facilities. › Section 23-3-3 - Authority to Plan, etc., Facilities; Regulation, etc., Thereof.

Section 23-3-3
Authority to plan, etc., facilities; regulation, etc., thereof.
The Director of Transportation, acting alone or in cooperation with counties, cities, towns or any federal, state or local agency or any other state having authority to participate in the construction and maintenance of highways, is authorized to plan, designate, establish, regulate, vacate, alter, improve, maintain, and provide controlled access facilities for public use wherever such authority or authorities are of the opinion that traffic conditions, present or future, will justify such special facilities; provided, that in the case of designation or vacation, such designations or vacations must be approved by the Director of Transportation. Said authorities may regulate, restrict, or prohibit the use of such controlled access facilities by the various classes of vehicles or traffic in a manner consistent with Section 23-3-1.
(Acts 1956, 1st Ex. Sess., No. 104, p. 148, §3.)
2023 Code of Alabama › Title 23 - Highways, Roads, Bridges and Ferries. › Chapter 3 - Controlled Access Facilities. › Section 23-3-4 - Design Authority; Commercial Establishments.

Section 23-3-4
Design authority; commercial establishments.
(a) The Director of Transportation is authorized to so design any controlled access facility and to so regulate, restrict, or prohibit access as to best serve the traffic for which such facility is intended. In this connection, such highway authority is authorized to divide and separate any controlled access facility into separate roadways by the construction of raised curbing, central dividing sections or other physical separations or by designating such separate roadways by signs, markers, stripes, and the proper lane for such traffic by appropriate signs, markers, stripes, and other devices. No person shall have any right of ingress or egress to, from or across controlled access facilities to or from abutting lands, except such designated points at which access may be permitted or service roads provided, upon such terms and conditions as may be specified from time to time.
(b) Except to the extent authorized by law for toll roads, no automotive service station or other commercial establishment for serving motor vehicle users shall be constructed or located within the right-of-way of or on publicly owned or publicly leased land acquired or used for, or in connection with, the controlled access facility; provided, that this shall not limit the powers granted to the Department of Conservation and Natural Resources by Sections 9-2-9, 9-2-10, 9-2-100, 9-2-101, 9-2-103 through 9-2-108, 9-14-1 through 9-14-6 and 9-14-20 through 9-14-29, when those powers are exercised in accordance with the purposes of such provisions.
(Acts 1956, 1st Ex. Sess., No. 104, p. 148, §4; Acts 1961, Ex. Sess., No. 305, p. 2365; Acts 1967, No. 599, p. 1384, §1.)
2023 Code of Alabama › Title 23 - Highways, Roads, Bridges and Ferries. › Chapter 3 - Controlled Access Facilities. › Section 23-3-5 - Acquisition of Property and Property Rights.

Section 23-3-5
Acquisition of property and property rights.
(a) For the purpose of this chapter, the highway authorities of the state, acting alone or through the counties, cities, and towns, may acquire private or public property and property rights for controlled access facilities and service roads, including rights of access, air, view and light, by gift, devise, purchase, or condemnation in the same manner as such authorities are now, or hereafter may be, authorized by law to acquire such property or property rights in connection with highways and streets within their respective jurisdiction. In connection with the acquisition of property or property rights for any controlled access facility, or portion thereof or service road in connection therewith, the state, county, city, or town highway authority is hereby authorized, in its discretion, to acquire an entire lot, block or tract of land, even though such entire lot, block or tract of land is not immediately needed for the right-of-way proper; provided, that the authority is not granted to acquire property not immediately needed for the right-of-way proper unless the owner of such property shall consent thereto.
(b) In any event, in any case now or hereafter pending, when property is condemned for limited access highways and an appeal is taken by the state from a judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction and if the award of damages is affirmed on appeal by the Court of Civil Appeals or the Supreme Court of Alabama, then, in such event, the property owner shall be entitled to interest at six percent per annum on the amount of damages awarded from the date of the entry of the judgment awarding such damages.
(Acts 1956, 1st Ex. Sess., No. 104, p. 148, §5; Acts 1967, No. 599, p. 1384, §2.)
2023 Code of Alabama › Title 23 - Highways, Roads, Bridges and Ferries. › Chapter 3 - Controlled Access Facilities. › Section 23-3-6 - Elimination of Intersections at Grade.

Section 23-3-6
Elimination of intersections at grade.
The state or any of its subdivisions shall have authority to provide for the elimination of intersections at grade of controlled access facilities with existing state or county roads, and city or town streets by grade separation of service road or by closing off such roads and streets at the right-of-way boundary line of such controlled access facility. After the establishment of any controlled access facility, no highway or street which is not a part of said facility shall intersect the same at grade. No city or town street, county or state highway or other public way shall be opened into or connected with any such controlled access facility without the consent and previous approval of the Director of Transportation; provided, that the Director of Transportation may, whenever he determines that traffic is not thereby impaired, authorize the continued intersection at grade of lightly traveled entrances and minor public roads as ways of access to controlled access facilities in sparsely populated areas.
(Acts 1956, 1st Ex. Sess., No. 104, p. 148, §6.)
2023 Code of Alabama › Title 23 - Highways, Roads, Bridges and Ferries. › Chapter 3 - Controlled Access Facilities. › Section 23-3-7 - Local Service Roads and Streets.

Section 23-3-7
Local service roads and streets.
In connection with the development of any controlled access facility, the Director of Transportation is authorized to plan, designate, establish, use, regulate, alter, improve, maintain, and vacate local service roads and streets or to designate as local service roads and streets any existing road or street if, in his opinion, such local service roads and streets are necessary or desirable. Such local service roads or streets shall be of appropriate design and shall be separated from the controlled access facility proper by means of all devices designated as necessary or desirable by the proper authority.
(Acts 1956, 1st Ex. Sess., No. 104, p. 148, §8.)
2023 Code of Alabama › Title 23 - Highways, Roads, Bridges and Ferries. › Chapter 3 - Controlled Access Facilities. › Section 23-3-8 - Agreements With Federal or Local Governments.

Section 23-3-8
Agreements with federal or local governments.
The Director of Transportation is authorized to enter into agreements with counties, cities and towns or the federal government respecting the financing, planning, establishment, improvement, maintenance, use, regulation, or vacation of controlled access facilities or other public ways in their respective jurisdictions to facilitate the purposes of this chapter.
(Acts 1956, 1st Ex. Sess., No. 104, p. 148, §7.)
2023 Code of Alabama › Title 23 - Highways, Roads, Bridges and Ferries. › Chapter 4 - Closing and Vacating Streets, Alleys and Highways. › Article 1 - Counties or Municipalities. › Section 23-4-1 - Application.

Section 23-4-1
Application.
Streets, alleys, and other highways, or portions thereof, may be closed and vacated upon the application of the municipality in which they are situated and, where not situated in a municipality, upon the application of the county in which they are situated in the manner provided for in this article.
(Acts 1931, No. 49, p. 62; Code 1940, T. 56, §26.)
2023 Code of Alabama › Title 23 - Highways, Roads, Bridges and Ferries. › Chapter 4 - Closing and Vacating Streets, Alleys and Highways. › Article 1 - Counties or Municipalities. › Section 23-4-3 - Contest by Interested Persons.

Section 23-4-3
Contest by interested persons.
Repealed by Act 2004-323, p. 548, §2, effective July 1, 2004.
(Acts 1931, No. 49, p. 62; Code 1940, T. 56, §28.)
2023 Code of Alabama › Title 23 - Highways, Roads, Bridges and Ferries. › Chapter 4 - Closing and Vacating Streets, Alleys and Highways. › Article 1 - Counties or Municipalities. › Section 23-4-4 - Recordation of Report by Commissioners; Payment of Costs and Damages.

Section 23-4-4
Recordation of report by commissioners; payment of costs and damages.
Repealed by Act 2004-323, p. 548, §2, effective July 1, 2004.
(Acts 1931, No. 49, p. 62; Code 1940, T. 56, §29.)
2023 Code of Alabama › Title 23 - Highways, Roads, Bridges and Ferries. › Chapter 4 - Closing and Vacating Streets, Alleys and Highways. › Article 1 - Counties or Municipalities. › Section 23-4-5 - Appeals.

Section 23-4-5
Appeals.
Any party affected by the vacation of a street, alley, or highway pursuant to this chapter may appeal within 30 days of the decision of the governing body vacating the street to the circuit court of the county in which the lands are situated, and upon such appeal, the proceeding shall be tried de novo, either party having the right to demand trial by jury when and as demand is authorized in civil actions. The appeal shall not suspend the effect of the decision of the governing body unless the appealing party shall give bond, with sureties, in an amount to be determined by the circuit judge. From the judgment of the circuit court, an appeal may be taken within 42 days by either party to the Court of Civil Appeals or the Supreme Court in accordance with the Alabama Rules of Appellate Procedure.
(Acts 1931, No. 49, p. 62; Code 1940, T. 56, §30; Act 2004-323, p. 548, §1.)
2023 Code of Alabama › Title 23 - Highways, Roads, Bridges and Ferries. › Chapter 4 - Closing and Vacating Streets, Alleys and Highways. › Article 1 - Counties or Municipalities. › Section 23-4-6 - Article Deemed Cumulative.

Section 23-4-6
Article deemed cumulative.
The provisions of this article shall not be held to repeal any existing statute relating to the closing, changing or vacating of streets and highways, but shall be cumulative.
(Acts 1931, No. 49, p. 62; Code 1940, T. 56, §31.)
2023 Code of Alabama › Title 23 - Highways, Roads, Bridges and Ferries. › Chapter 5 - Offenses. › Section 23-5-2 - Driving Around, Destruction, etc., of Detour or Warning Sign, or Barricade or Fence.

Section 23-5-2
Driving around, destruction, etc., of detour or warning sign, or barricade or fence.
(a) For the purposes of this section, the following terms shall have the meanings respectively ascribed to them by this subsection:
(1) DETOUR SIGN. Any sign placed across or on a public road of the state by the state, the county or municipal authorities, or by their contractors, indicating that such road is closed or partially closed, which sign also indicates the direction of an alternate route to be followed to give access to certain points.
(2) WARNING SIGN. A sign indicating construction work in area.
(3) BARRICADE. A barrier for obstructing the passage of motor vehicle traffic.
(4) FENCE. A barrier to prevent the intrusion of motor vehicle traffic.
(5) OFFICIALLY CLOSED. A highway or road that has been officially closed by a governmental unit, the State Department of Transportation, a city or a county.
(b) Any person who wilfully destroys, knocks down, removes, defaces or alters any letters or figures on a detour or warning sign set upon a highway or road of this state, or who wilfully knocks down, removes, rearranges, destroys, defaces or alters any letter or figures on a barricade or fence erected on any highway or road of this state, or who drives around or through any barricade or fence on any officially closed highway or road of this state or drives around such detour sign or barricade or fence or any person who wilfully ignores or disregards a warning sign before such road has been officially opened to the public traffic by the State Department of Transportation or, in appropriate cases, by the county or municipal officer responsible for constructing or maintaining such roads, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor; provided, that as long as no damage is done to the new work, this section shall have no application to peace officers in the performance of their duties, nor to employees of the State Department of Transportation, nor of the contractor, nor of the federal authorities when engaged in inspection of surveys, repairs, maintenance, or construction on or alongside such highways, within the right-of-way, nor individuals domiciled or making their livelihood within the affected areas, nor to any person or group of persons who shall be authorized by the Director of Transportation or any appropriate county or municipal officer.
(c) Every person convicted of a violation of this section shall be punished by a fine of not less than $5.00 nor more than $100.00 or by imprisonment for not more than 30 days, or by both such fine and imprisonment.
(Acts 1969, No. 1145, p 2148.)
2023 Code of Alabama › Title 23 - Highways, Roads, Bridges and Ferries. › Chapter 5 - Offenses. › Section 23-5-6 - Trash, Litter, etc., Upon Public Thoroughfare - Driver Presumed Offender When Items Thrown From Vehicle.

Section 23-5-6
Trash, litter, etc., upon public thoroughfare - Driver presumed offender when items thrown from vehicle.
If littering is committed as set forth in Section 13A-7-29 or Section 32-5A-60 from a motor vehicle, the driver of the vehicle shall be presumed to be the offender.
(Acts 1961, Ex. Sess., No. 55, p. 1920, §2; Act 2019-530, §1.)
2023 Code of Alabama › Title 23 - Highways, Roads, Bridges and Ferries. › Chapter 5 - Offenses. › Section 23-5-7 - Trash, Litter, etc., Upon Public Thoroughfare - Erection of Signs.

Section 23-5-7
Trash, litter, etc., upon public thoroughfare - Erection of signs.
The State Department of Transportation, the county commission of each of the several counties and the governing body of each city or town shall cause signs to be erected at suitable intervals on highways and public thoroughfares in their respective areas of authority, including public parks, informing the public that it is unlawful to perform the acts prohibited by Section 13A-7-29.
(Acts 1961, Ex. Sess., No. 55, p. 1920, §3.)
2023 Code of Alabama › Title 23 - Highways, Roads, Bridges and Ferries. › Chapter 5 - Offenses. › Section 23-5-8 - Trash, Litter, etc., Upon Public Thoroughfare - Enforcement.

Section 23-5-8
Trash, litter, etc., upon public thoroughfare - Enforcement.
The Alabama Highway Patrol and the law enforcement officers of the counties, cities and towns of this state are charged with the duty of enforcing the provisions of Section 13A-7-29 and Sections 23-5-6 through 23-5-9.
(Acts 1961, Ex. Sess., No. 55, p. 1920, §4.)
2023 Code of Alabama › Title 23 - Highways, Roads, Bridges and Ferries. › Chapter 5 - Offenses. › Section 23-5-9 - Trash, Litter, etc., Upon Public Thoroughfare - Provisions Deemed Cumulative.

Section 23-5-9
Trash, litter, etc., upon public thoroughfare - Provisions deemed cumulative.
The provisions of Section 13A-7-29 and Sections 23-5-6 through 23-5-8 shall be cumulative to existing statutes relating to the throwing, placing or otherwise depositing of debris, rubbish, trash, or other items or substances of a prohibited nature upon the public highways of the state and shall in no wise repeal nor affect any of such laws.
(Acts 1961, Ex. Sess., No. 55, p. 1920, §5.)
2023 Code of Alabama › Title 23 - Highways, Roads, Bridges and Ferries. › Chapter 5 - Offenses. › Section 23-5-13 - Violation of State Department of Transportation Rules or Regulations.

Section 23-5-13
Violation of State Department of Transportation rules or regulations.
Any person, firm or corporation who violates any reasonable rule or regulation prescribed by the State Department of Transportation for the better construction, repair and maintenance, protection and preservation of the public roads, bridges, highways and rights-of-way of roads and highways of this state shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and, on conviction, shall be punished by a fine of not less than $100.00 nor more than $500.00 and, at the discretion of the judge trying the case, may also be sentenced to hard labor for the county for a term not to exceed six months, unless otherwise provided by law.
(Code 1923, §4449; Acts 1927, No. 347, p. 348; Code 1940, T. 23, §127.)
2023 Code of Alabama › Title 23 - Highways, Roads, Bridges and Ferries. › Chapter 5 - Offenses. › Section 23-5-14 - Violation of Rules, etc., Enacted by County Commission Relative to Public Roads, etc., of County.

Section 23-5-14
Violation of rules, etc., enacted by county commission relative to public roads, etc., of county.
It shall be unlawful for any person, firm or corporation to violate any rule, regulation or law which has heretofore been adopted or promulgated or which may hereafter be adopted or promulgated by the county commission of any county, under the authority conferred by law, relating to the use, control, care, operation or maintenance of the public roads, bridges or ferries of said county; and any person, firm or corporation violating the same shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor and, upon conviction, shall be fined not more than $500.00 and may also be sentenced to hard labor for the county for not more than six months. Each violation shall constitute a separate offense.
(Acts 1927, No. 347, p. 348; Code 1940, T. 23, §62.)
2023 Code of Alabama › Title 23 - Highways, Roads, Bridges and Ferries. › Chapter 6 - Industrial Access Roads and Bridges. › Section 23-6-2 - Purposes of Public Corporation; Supervision of Construction by State Department of Transportation; Department's Power to Assign, Contract, etc., Construction Work; Construction of Chapter.

Section 23-6-2
Purposes of public corporation; supervision of construction by State Department of Transportation; department's power to assign, contract, etc., construction work; construction of chapter.
It is the intention of the Legislature to authorize the incorporation of a public corporation for all of the following purposes:
(1) To issue bonds to assure the availability of funds for payment of the cost of constructing industrial access roads and bridges as shall from time to time be constructed.
(2) To use an annual appropriation from the state Public Road and Bridge Fund to assure the availability of funds for the cost of constructing industrial access roads and bridges as shall from time to time be constructed.
(3) To construct industrial access roads and bridges through a corporation to be composed of the officials whose incorporation is hereby authorized.
(4) To vest in the corporation all powers, authorities, rights, privileges, and titles necessary to enable it to accomplish the purpose.
(5) To appropriate and pledge funds for the use of the corporation.
All construction herein referred to shall be performed by or under the direction and supervision of the State Department of Transportation. The State Department of Transportation may assign, contract, or delegate the work of construction under its general powers, subject to approval by the Governor. This chapter shall be liberally construed in conformity with the aforementioned purposes.
(Acts 1985, No. 85-549, p. 833, §2; Acts 1996, No. 96-374, p. 458, §1.)
2023 Code of Alabama › Title 23 - Highways, Roads, Bridges and Ferries. › Chapter 6 - Industrial Access Roads and Bridges. › Section 23-6-3 - Authority to Incorporate.

Section 23-6-3
Authority to incorporate.
The Director of Transportation, the State Treasurer, and the Director of Finance may become a corporation, with the powers and authorities hereinafter provided, by proceeding according to the provisions of this chapter.
(Acts 1985, No. 85-549, p. 833, §3.)
2023 Code of Alabama › Title 23 - Highways, Roads, Bridges and Ferries. › Chapter 6 - Industrial Access Roads and Bridges. › Section 23-6-4 - Proceeding to Incorporate.

Section 23-6-4
Proceeding to incorporate.
To become a corporation, the Director of Transportation, the State Treasurer, and the Director of Finance shall present to the Secretary of State of Alabama an application signed by them which shall set forth:
(1) The name, official designation, and official residence of each of the applicants, together with a certified copy of the commission evidencing each applicant's right to office;
(2) The date on which each applicant was inducted into office and the term of office of each of the applicants;
(3) The name of the proposed corporation, which shall be Alabama Industrial Access Road and Bridge Corporation;
(4) The location of the principal office of the proposed corporation, which shall be Montgomery, Alabama; and
(5) Any other matter relating to the incorporation which the applicants may choose to insert and which is not inconsistent with this chapter or the laws of the State of Alabama.
The application shall be subscribed and sworn to by each of the applicants before an officer authorized by the laws of the State of Alabama to take acknowledgments to deeds. The Secretary of State shall examine the application and, if he finds that it substantially complies with the requirements of this section, he shall receive and file it and record it in an appropriate book of records in his office.
(Acts 1985, No. 85-549, p. 833, §4.)
2023 Code of Alabama › Title 23 - Highways, Roads, Bridges and Ferries. › Chapter 6 - Industrial Access Roads and Bridges. › Section 23-6-5 - Certificate of Incorporation; Recording; No Fees to Be Paid to Secretary of State on Incorporation or Dissolution.

Section 23-6-5
Certificate of incorporation; recording; no fees to be paid to Secretary of State on incorporation or dissolution.
When the application has been made, filed and recorded, as herein provided, the applicants shall constitute a public corporation under the name proposed in the application and the Secretary of State shall make and issue to the applicants a certificate of incorporation pursuant to this chapter, under the Great Seal of the State, and shall record the same with the application. There shall be no fees paid to the Secretary of State for any work in connection with the incorporation or dissolution of the corporation so organized (which, for convenience, is herein referred to as "the corporation").
(Acts 1985, No. 85-549, p. 833, §5.)
2023 Code of Alabama › Title 23 - Highways, Roads, Bridges and Ferries. › Chapter 6 - Industrial Access Roads and Bridges. › Section 23-6-6 - Members, Officers, and Directors of Corporation; Vacancies; Compensation; Record of Proceedings; Record as Evidence.

Section 23-6-6
Members, officers, and directors of corporation; vacancies; compensation; record of proceedings; record as evidence.
The applicants named in the application and their respective successors in office shall constitute the members of the corporation. The Director of Transportation shall be the president of the corporation, the State Treasurer shall be its vice-president, the Director of Finance shall be the secretary of the corporation, and the State Treasurer shall be the treasurer of the corporation and shall act as custodian of its funds. The members of the corporation shall constitute all the members of the board of directors of the corporation, and any two members of the said board of directors shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business. Should any of said officials of the state die or should his term of office as Director of Transportation, State Treasurer, or Director of Finance, as the case may be, expire or should he resign therefrom, his successor in office shall take his place as a member, officer, and director of the corporation. No member, officer, or director of the corporation shall draw any salary, in addition to that now authorized by law, for any service he may render or any duty he may perform in connection with the corporation. All proceedings had and done by the board of directors shall be reduced to writing by the secretary of the corporation and recorded in a substantially bound book. Copies of such proceedings, when certified by the secretary of the corporation under the seal of the corporation, shall be received in all courts as prima facie evidence of the matters and things therein certified.
(Acts 1985, No. 85-549, p. 833, §6.)
2023 Code of Alabama › Title 23 - Highways, Roads, Bridges and Ferries. › Chapter 6 - Industrial Access Roads and Bridges. › Section 23-6-7 - Corporate Powers.

Section 23-6-7
Corporate powers.
The corporation shall have the following powers:
(1) To have succession by its corporate name without time limit;
(2) To sue and be sued and to prosecute and defend, at law or in equity, in any court having jurisdiction of the subject matter and of the parties;
(3) To have and to use a corporate seal and to alter the same at pleasure;
(4) To construct, reconstruct, and relocate industrial access roads and bridges within the state or to cause the same to be constructed, reconstructed, and relocated;
(5) To receive, take and hold by sale, gift, lease, devise or otherwise, real and personal estate of every description, and to manage the same;
(6) To acquire by purchase, gift, or the exercise of the power of eminent domain, or any other lawful means, and to transfer, convey or cause to be conveyed to the state, any real, personal or mixed property necessary or convenient in connection with the construction, reconstruction, or relocation of industrial access roads and bridges in the state;
(7) To exercise the right of eminent domain as freely and completely as, and in the same manner as, the state is empowered to exercise such right;
(8) To borrow money and issue its bonds in evidence thereof subject to the provisions of Section 23-6-8 of this chapter;
(9) As security for payment of the principal of and the interest on its bonds, to pledge any funds or revenues from which its bonds may be made payable, including the proceeds of the appropriations and pledges herein provided for;
(10) To appoint and employ such attorneys, accountants, financial advisors, underwriters, trustees, depositories, registrars and other advisors, agents and independent contractors as the business of the corporation may require;
(11) To enter into contracts with counties, the State Department of Transportation or other agency performing any of the functions thereof, road district authorities, private persons, firms, or corporations, the federal emergency administrator of public works, and any other branch of the federal government, in furtherance of its public purposes and objects, either relative to work done or to be done; and
(12) To turn over to the State Department of Transportation any and all funds of the corporation as from time to time may be necessary or convenient for the most economical construction of such industrial access roads and bridges or otherwise for carrying out the business of the corporation.
(Acts 1985, No. 85-549, p. 833, §7.)
2023 Code of Alabama › Title 23 - Highways, Roads, Bridges and Ferries. › Chapter 6 - Industrial Access Roads and Bridges. › Section 23-6-8.1 - Annual Appropriation From Public Road and Bridge Fund.

Section 23-6-8.1
Annual appropriation from Public Road and Bridge Fund.
The annual appropriation from the Public Road and Bridge Fund shall remain a part of the Public Road and Bridge Fund but still be maintained in a special account within the State Treasury. Said funds shall at all times be invested in the same manner allowed for all other State Treasury investments and all investment earnings shall remain within this special account and are hereby appropriated to be allocated by the Alabama Industrial Access Road and Bridge Corporation for Alabama Industrial Access Road and Bridge Projects.
(Acts 1996, No. 96-374, p. 458, §2.)
2023 Code of Alabama › Title 23 - Highways, Roads, Bridges and Ferries. › Chapter 6 - Industrial Access Roads and Bridges. › Section 23-6-10 - Revenues of Corporation.

Section 23-6-10
Revenues of corporation.
For the purpose of providing funds to enable the corporation to pay the principal of, premium, if any, and interest on any bonds issued by it under the provisions of this chapter, and to accomplish the purposes and objects of its creation, there hereby are irrevocably pledged to such purpose and appropriated so much as may be necessary for such purpose of the following: The State Department of Transportation's portion of the four cent per gallon excise tax levied on gasoline, motor fuel, and lubricating oil under the provisions of Title 40, Chapter 17, Article 6. All moneys hereby appropriated and pledged shall constitute a sinking fund for the purpose of paying the principal of, premium, if any, and the interest on bonds of the corporation.
(Acts 1985, No. 85-549, p. 833, §10.)
2023 Code of Alabama › Title 23 - Highways, Roads, Bridges and Ferries. › Chapter 6 - Industrial Access Roads and Bridges. › Section 23-6-11 - State Treasurer to Disburse Funds.

Section 23-6-11
State Treasurer to disburse funds.
Out of the revenues appropriated and pledged in Section 23-6-10, the State Treasurer is authorized and directed to pay the principal of, premium, if any, and interest on the bonds issued by the corporation under the provisions of this chapter, as such principal, premium, if any, and interest shall respectively mature, and he is further authorized and directed to set up and maintain appropriate records pertaining thereto.
(Acts 1985, No. 85-549, p. 833, §11.)
2023 Code of Alabama › Title 23 - Highways, Roads, Bridges and Ferries. › Chapter 6 - Industrial Access Roads and Bridges. › Section 23-6-12 - Dissolution of Corporation.

Section 23-6-12
Dissolution of corporation.
At any time when no bonds of the corporation are outstanding the corporation may be dissolved upon the filing with the Secretary of State of an application for dissolution, which shall be subscribed by each of the members of the corporation and which shall be sworn to by each such member before an officer authorized to take acknowledgments to deeds. Upon the filing of said application for dissolution, the corporation shall cease and any property owned by it at the time of its dissolution shall pass to the State of Alabama. The Secretary of State shall file and record the application for dissolution, in an appropriate book of record in his office, and shall make and issue, under the Great Seal of the State, a certificate that the corporation is dissolved, and shall record the said certificate with the application for dissolution.
(Acts 1985, No. 85-549, p. 833, §12.)
2023 Code of Alabama › Title 23 - Highways, Roads, Bridges and Ferries. › Chapter 7 - Alabama Transportation Infrastructure Bank Act. › Section 23-7-3 - Creation; Purpose; Accounts.

Section 23-7-3
Creation; purpose; accounts.
(a) There is created a public corporation to be known as the Alabama Transportation Infrastructure Bank.
(b) The bank is governed by a board of directors as provided in this chapter.
(c) The corporate purpose of the bank is to select and assist in financing major qualified projects by providing loans and other financial assistance to government units for constructing and improving highway and transportation facilities necessary for public purposes including economic development.
(d) The bank shall establish and maintain at least the following accounts:
(1) State highway account.
(2) Federal highway account.
(Act 2015-50, §3.)
2023 Code of Alabama › Title 23 - Highways, Roads, Bridges and Ferries. › Chapter 7 - Alabama Transportation Infrastructure Bank Act. › Section 23-7-4 - Board of Directors.

Section 23-7-4
Board of directors.
(a) The board of directors is the governing board of the bank. The board shall consist of seven voting members as follows:
(1) The Director of the Department of Transportation, ex officio, who shall be designated as chair.
(2) The State Finance Director, ex officio, who shall be designated as secretary.
(3) Three members appointed by the Governor.
(4) One member of the House of Representatives appointed by the Speaker of the House of Representatives.
(5) One member of the Senate appointed by the President Pro Tempore of the Senate.
(b) Members appointed by the Governor hold office concurrently with the Governor and until their successors are appointed and qualified. Members appointed by the Speaker of the House of Representatives and the President Pro Tempore of the Senate shall serve during the member's term of office during which the member was appointed and until the member's successor is appointed and qualified. The vice chair shall be elected by the board. Any person appointed to fill a vacancy shall be appointed in the same manner as the original appointee for the remainder of the unexpired term.
(c) Any four members of the board of directors shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business.
(d) All appointing authorities shall coordinate their appointments so that the diversity of gender, race, and geographical areas is reflective of the makeup of this state.
(Act 2015-50, p. 173, §4; Act 2018-290, §1.)
2023 Code of Alabama › Title 23 - Highways, Roads, Bridges and Ferries. › Chapter 7 - Alabama Transportation Infrastructure Bank Act. › Section 23-7-7 - Administration and Operations of Bank.

Section 23-7-7
Administration and operations of bank.
(a) Earnings on balances in the federal highway account, as created by this chapter, must be credited and invested according to federal law. The bank may establish accounts and subaccounts within the state highway account and the federal highway account as considered desirable to effectuate the purposes of this chapter, or to meet the requirements of any state or federal programs.
(b) The bank shall comply with all applicable federal laws and regulations prohibiting the commingling of certain federal funds deposited in the bank.
(c) The operations of the bank shall be administered by the department, as agent for the bank, and the department may establish procedures and adopt rules necessary to administer the operations of the bank in accordance with applicable law and to enter into contracts and other agreements in connection with the operation of the bank including, but not limited to, contracts and agreements with federal agencies, public bodies, the bank, and other parties to the extent necessary or convenient for administration of the bank's operations. Except as provided in this chapter, acting as agent for the bank, the department shall maintain full authority for the administration of the bank's operations in accordance with applicable federal and state law.
(Act 2015-50, p. 173, §7; Act 2018-290, §1.)
2023 Code of Alabama › Title 23 - Highways, Roads, Bridges and Ferries. › Chapter 7 - Alabama Transportation Infrastructure Bank Act. › Section 23-7-9 - Financing Agreements; Other Authorized Financing; Security Interests.

Section 23-7-9
Financing agreements; other authorized financing; security interests.
(a) Qualified borrowers may obtain loans or other financial assistance from the bank through financing agreements. Qualified borrowers entering into financing agreements and issuing loan obligations to the bank may perform any acts, take any action, adopt any proceedings, and make and carry out any contracts or agreements with the bank as may be agreed to by the bank and any qualified borrower for carrying out the purposes of this chapter.
(b) In addition to the authorizations contained in this chapter, all other statutes or provisions permitting government units to borrow money and issue obligations may be utilized by any government unit in obtaining a loan or other financial assistance from the bank to the extent determined necessary or useful by the government unit in connection with any financing agreement and the issuance, securing, or sale of loan obligations to the bank.
(c) A qualified borrower may receive, apply, pledge, assign, and grant a security interest in project revenues, and, in the case of a government unit, its project revenues, revenues derived from a special source, ad valorem or other taxes, or, if the government unit is authorized, its full faith and credit, to secure its obligations as provided in this chapter, and may fix, revise, charge, and collect fees, rates, rents, assessments, and other charges of general or special application for the operation or services of a qualified project, the system of which it is a part, and any other revenue producing facilities from which the qualified borrower derives project revenues, to meet its obligations under a financing agreement or to provide for the construction and improving of a qualified project.
(Act 2015-50, p. 173, §9; Act 2018-290, §1.)
2023 Code of Alabama › Title 23 - Highways, Roads, Bridges and Ferries. › Chapter 7 - Alabama Transportation Infrastructure Bank Act. › Section 23-7-10 - Essential Governmental Function of Bank; Taxation.

Section 23-7-10
Essential governmental function of bank; taxation.
The bank is performing an essential governmental function in the exercise of the powers conferred upon it and is not required to pay taxes or assessments upon property or upon its operations or the income from them, or taxes or assessments upon property or loan obligations acquired or used by the bank or upon the income from them.
(Act 2015-50, §10.)